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Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2019 = 6.380, www.srjis.com PEER REVIEWED & REFEREED JOURNAL, JAN-FEB, 2021, VOL- 8/63 vkWuykbZu v/;kiukr ek/;fed] f’k{kdkauk HksMlko.kk&;k leL;kapk ‘kks/k o mik;;kstuk dqlqe fot;dqekj pkS/kjh , Ph. D.

psacwj loZd”k f’k{k.k’kkL= egkfon;ky;] psacwj Paper Received On: 16 FEB 2021 Peer Reviewed On: 23 FEB 2021 Published On: 1 MAR 2021 Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

izLrkouk % f’k{k.k gs vktUe pky.kkjh izfdz;k vkgs- vki.k f’kdrks Eg.kwu thou txrks vkf.k txrks Eg.kwu f’kdrks- v/;kiu gs f’k{kdkps egRokps dk;Z vkgs] ukgh thou /keZp vkgs vls EgVys rjh pkysy- izR;sd f’k{kdkus Lo;aizsfjr o Lo;aizdkf’kr gks.;klkBh vko’;d {kerk laikfnr dsY;k ikfgts- thouke/;s vk/kh ijh{kk gksrs vkf.k uarj vuqHkotU; f’k{k.k feGrs- ;k myV vkSipkjhd f’k{k.kkr fnlrs- vk/kh v/;kiu uarj ijh{kkvktP;k dkGkr f’k{kdkph Hkwfedk eYVhQWflfyVsVj v’kh vkgs- R;klkBh f’k{kdkus ekfgrh ra=foKku vkf.k lax.kdkpk izHkkoh okij] uouohu la’kks/ku] v/;kiukph izxr dkS’kY;s Lor% fodflr dj.ks vko’;d vkgsl/;k djksuk lkj[;k tkxfrd ladVkeqGs ‘kkGk can vkgsr- ‘kkGk lq: dj.;ktksxh ifjfLFkrh d/kh fuekZ.k gksbZy gs lkaxrk ;s.ks ‘kD; ukgh- ‘kkGk lq: dsY;k rj lkekftd varj Bsowu ‘kkGk lq: Bsork ;srhy dk \ gs gh dBh.k vkgsljdkjus ‘kkGk lq: dj.;kph ijokuxh fnyh vkgs- vusd ‘kkGkauh dks.kR;k uk dks.kR;k i/nrhus vkWuykbZu midze lq: dsys vkgs- vkiY;kdMs vlysY;k eksckbZy] yWiVkWi ;k lkj[kh midj.ks oki:u vusd xks”Vh f’k{kd djrks- i.k ;k loZ midj.kkapk okij d:u ‘kkGk pkyo.ks gs f’k{kdkau leksj iw.kZi.ks uohu vkOgkup vkgs- djksukeqGs mn~HkoysY;k ;k ifjfLFkhruqlkj fon;kFkhZ vkf.k f’k{kd ;kaP;kr lqlaokn mRrefjR;k o izHkkohi.ks djrk ;kos rlsp vkWuykbZu fVfpax djrkauk f’k{kdkauk ;s.kk&;k leL;k d’kk izdkjs lksMfork ;srhy ;klkBh lnj la’kks/ku dj.;kr vkys vkgsla’kks/kukph xjt % ykWdMkÅu dkGkr ns’kHkjkrhy f’k{k.k laLFkkauh fon;kF;kZuk vkWuykbZu i/nrhus f’kdfo.;kl lq:okr dsyh- [kMw vkf.k QGk ;kph tkxk l/;krjh yWiVkWi vkf.k eksckbZy us ?ksryh vkgs- rjhgh Qsl Vw Qsl fVfpax yfuZax ‘kS{kf.kd i/nrh gh usgehp pkaxyh vkWuykbZu fVphax e/;s vusd leL;k mn~Hkor vkgs- djksukP;k dkGkr vkWuykbZu f’k{k.k i/nrhp l/;k rjh fon;kF;kZauk mi;qDr vkgs- vkWuykbZu fVfpaxe/;s dusDVhfoVh gh leL;k rj vkgsrp- ijarq R;kcjkscjp fon;kFkhZ vkf.k f’k{kd ;kaP;krhy laoknkpk vHkko] fon;kF;kZaph ekufldrk vkf.k iz;ksf’kyrspk vHkko ;k e;kZnk gh vkY;k- R;keqGs vkWuykbZu i/nr ukikl >kyh vkgs vls cksyys tkr vkgs- ykbZOg fVfpax ls’ku ?ksrkauk dks.kdks.kR;k VqYlpk lekos’k djrk ;sbZy] MkWD;qesaVs’ku d’kk izdkjs okijkos] vlkbZuesaV d’kk n;kO;kr] vkWuykbZu L=ksr dks.kdks.krs vkgs rs dls okijkos v’kk rkaf=d cktw f’k{kdkauk igkoh ykxsy- vkWuykbZu f’k{k.ki/nrh okijk.;klkBh lTt gks.;klkBh lnj la’kks/kukph xjt vkgsCopyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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la’kks/kukps egRo % lnj la’kks/ku ‘kkGsrhy f’k{kd] fon;kFkhZ] eq[;k/;kid] ikyd oxZ ;k lokZlkBh mi;qDr Bjsyla’kks/ku leL;k % vkWuykbZu v/;kiukr ek/;fed f’k{kdkauk HksMlko.kk&;k leL;kapk ‘kks/k o mik;;kstukla’kks/ku mfn~n”Vs % 1- vkWuykbZu v/;kiukr ek/;fed f’k{kdkauk HksMlko.kk&;k leL;kapk ‘kks/k ?ks.ks2- vkWuykbZu v/;kiu f’k{kdkauk HksMlko.kk&;k leL;kaekxhy dkj.kkapk ‘kks/k ?ks.ks3- vkWuykbZu v/;kiukr f’k{kdkaP;k leL;k nwj OgkO;kr ;klkBh mik;;kstuk lqpfo.ksla’kks/kukph x`fgrds % 1- ek/;fed Lrjkojhy f’k{kdkauk vkWuykbZu v/;kiukr HksMlko.kk&;k leL;kauk lkeksjs tk.;klkBh dsysY;k mik;;kstukapk mi;ksx gksrks2- vkWuykbZu v/;kiukr ;s.kk&;k leL;kaoj dsysY;k mik;kapk fon;kF;kZaoj ldkjkRed ifj.kke gksrks3- ek/;fed ‘kkGsrhy f’k{kd o fon;kFkhZ mik; ;kaph vaeyctko.kh dj.;kl rRij vkgsrla’kks/ku i/nrh % lnj la’kks/kuklkBh losZ{k.k i/nrhpk okij dsyk vkgs- tula[;sr eqacbZ e/khy lk;u] psacwj] dqykZ] eqyaqM ;sFkhy ‘kkGkae/;s v/;kiu dj.kk&;k ek/;fed f’k{kdkapk lekos’k dsyk vkgs- uequk fuoM djrkauk laHkkO;rk i/nrhrhy ykWVjh i/nrhus ‘kkGkaph fuoM dsyh vkgsvdz1 2 3 4

izfrlknd ¼f’k{kd½ psacwj lk;u dqykZ eqyaqM

fuoMysyh la[;k

,dw.k izfrlkn

‘ksdMsokjh

25 25 25 25

24 23 24 24

96% 92% 96% 96%

la’kks/kukph dk;Zi/nrh % izLrqr la’kks/kuklkBh la’kks/ku mfn~n”Vkauqlkj iz’ukoyh r;kj dsyh- uarj iz’ukoyh ckcr egkfon;ky;krhy ts”B izk/;kidka’kh ppkZ dsyh- uarj iz’ukoyh Hk:u ?ks.;klkBh xqxy QkWeZ r;kj d:u lacaf/kr izfrlkndkauk OgkWVlivi Onkjs fyad ikBowu Hk:u ?ksrY;k xsY;k- Hk:u vkysY;k izfrlknkao:u ekfgrhps fo’ys”k.k o vFkZfuoZpu d:u fu”d”kZ dk<.;kr vkysr- uarj f’k{kdkalkBh mik; ;kstuk dsY;k- f’k{kdkauk ;s.kk&;k leL;kaoj ekr dj.;klkBh dsysY;k mik;kapk iMrkGk ?ksryk xsyk- dks.krk mik; fdrh ifj.kkedkjd Bjyk ;kpk fopkj dsyk xsykla’kks/kukph lk/kus o ra=s %& iz’ukoyh ;k lk/kukpk okij d:u vkysY;k ekfgrhps fo’ys”k.k o vFkZfuoZpu dj.;klkBh okjaokfjrk] vkys[k o ‘ksdMsokjh ;kapk okij dsyk vkgs-

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fu”d”kZ % 1- vkWuykbZu v/;kiuklkBh 80% f’k{kdkauh midj.ks [kjsnh dsY;kps vk<Gwu vkys2- ykWdMkÅu P;k lqjokrhP;k dkGkr vkWuykbZu v/;kiuklkBh iqjsls izf’k{k.k ulysY;kps izek.k tkLr izek.kkr Eg.kts 92% vlY;kps fnlwu vkys3- VkGscanh dj.;kiwohZ dq.khgh oxkZrhy v/;kiukr PPT lksMY;k rj fMftVy lkexzhpk okij djr uOgrs4- VkGscanhP;k dkGkr fMftVy midj.kkapk okij dj.;klkBh izf’k{k.k feGkys] i.k rs let.ks vo?kM gksrs vls Eg.k.kk&;k f’k{kdkaps izek.k 86% ksrs5- vkWuykbzu v/;kiu dj.;klkBh 50% f’k{kdkauk R;kaP;k eqykauh] 30% f’k{kdkauk feLVjkauh rj 20% f’k{kdkauk fe= o lgdk&;kauh enr dsY;kps vk<Gys6- f’k{kdkauh ‘kkys; vH;kldzekoj vk/kkfjr fOgMhvks dsysyk vkgs- vkWuykbZu pkp.kh o fofo/k ‘kS{kf.kd ihMh,Q QkbZy fufeZrh d:u] nh{kk vWiOnkjs vH;kldzekph fyad OgkWVlvi xzqioj ‘ksvj dsyh tkrs- ijarq ikydkadMs LekVZ Qksu ukghr- T;kP;kdMs vkgsr rs dkek fufeRr ckgsj iMrkr- v’kk dkgh vMp.kh ;s.kk&;kaps izek.ks 66% fnlwu vkys7- vkWuykbZu f’k{k.kkph lqfo/kk] lk/kus miyC/k ulysY;k f’k{kd o fon;kF;kZaps izek.k 40% fnlwu vkys8- vkWuykbZu v/;kiuklkBh ykWdMkÅu njE;ku eksckbZy] lax.kd] yWiVkWi] fOgMhvks dWesjk gh midj.ks okij.kk&;kaps izek.ks 92% fnlwu vkys9- vkWuykbZu v/;kiuklkBh cjhp bysfDVªd lk/kus miyC/k vkgsr- i.k R;kiSdh Google meet tkLrhr tkLr okijyh tkr vkgs- rj [kwip vYi izek.kkr thvks ehV okijyh tkrs- dkgh izek.kkr >we vWipk okij dsyk tkrks10- vkWuykbZu v/;kiu djrkauk vkysY;k rkaf=d vMp.kh lksMfo.;klkBh f’k{kdkauk R;kaps dkSVqafcd lnL;] ra=K] fe=] lgdkjh] fon;kFkhZ ;kaph enr gksr vlY;kps fnlwu vkys11- vkWuykbZu v/;kiu djrkauk f’k{kdkauk Lor%dMs usVodZ [kjkc vl.ks] fon;kF;kZaps usVodZ leL;k] dkWUQjflaxP;k Vwye/;s loZ lqfo/kk oki: u ‘kd.ks] dkWUQjflax VqYlpk okij dlk djkok gs fon;kFkhZ o dkgh f’k{kd ;kauk u dG.ks v’kk izdkjP;k leL;kauk lkeksjs tkos ykxr vlY;kps fnlwu vkys12- f’k{kdkaP;k ers 56% fon;kF;kZa’kh laokn [kjkc vkgs- rj dkgh f’kdk;yk vkoM.kkjs fon;kFkhZ la[;k 8% vkgsvkWuykbZu Dyklsl daVkGok.ks vl.kk&;k fon;kF;kZaps izek.ks 21% vkgs- rj vkWuykbZu Dyklspk vkuan ?ks.kk&;k fon;kF;kZaP;k la[;sps izek.k 15% fnlwu vkys13- vkWuykbZu v/;kiu izfdz;sr QDr gq’kkj fon;kFkhZp lgHkkxh gksrkr rj tkLrhr tkLr fon;kFkhZ oxkZ/;kiukdMs nqyZ{k djrkr o Lor%P;k dkekr xdZ vlrkr- vls f’k{kdkaps er fnlwu vkys14- vkWuykbZu DyklsleqGs fon;kF;kZauk letr ukgh- fLdzu VkbZe tkLr vkgs- rlsp fon;kFkhZ Vkp.k dk<r vlrkauk vMp.kh fuekZ.k gksrkr- gh ikydkaph leL;k vkgs vls 90% f’k{kdkauh lkafxrys15- vkWuykbZu DyklsleqGs fon;kF;kZa’kh toGhdrk izLFkkfir d: ‘kdr ukgh] vls 98% f’k{kdkaps er vkgsCopyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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f’kQkj’kh % 1- f’k{kdkauh fon;kF;kZauk osGsps egRo letkowu n;kos- dks.kR;kgh xks”Vh ekxhy dk; dkj.k vkgs rs ‘kks/k.;kph ftKklk fon;kF;kZae/;s fuekZ.k djkoh- R;kaP;ke/;ss oSKkfud n`f”Vdksu fuekZ.k dsyk tkok2- f’k{kdkaps izcks/ku Ogkos ;klkBh ftYgk f’k{k.k o izf’k{k.k laLFksP;k orhus fofo/k osfcukj o dk;Zdzekaps vk;kstu dsys tkrs R;kr lgHkkxh Ogkos3- fon;kFkhZ o f’k{kd ;kaP;k e/;s ?kV~V ukrs r;kj >kys ikfgts- R;klkBh fon;kF;kZaph ekufldrk vksG[kwu R;kaP;kojrh f’k{k.kkps /kMs fxjoys ikfgts4- f’k{k.kkeqGs eqykaps lokZfx.k fodkl dj.;klkBh f’k{kdkph Hkwfedk lq/nk loZ lekos’kd vlyh ikfgts5- vkWuykbZu v/;kiukr vMp.kh vkY;kl f’k{kdkauh vkiY;k ‘kkGsrhy lax.kd f’k{kdkaph enr ?;koh- Lor%gwu uohu xks”Vh f’kdkO;kr- dqBY;kgh izdkjps uohu f’k{k.k ?ksrkauk vMp.kh ;srkrp- i.k fujk’k u gksrk R;kdMs ldkjkRed n`f”Vus igkos6- dsoG xqxy ehV] >we vWi] thvks ehV ;kapkp okij u djrk vkWuykbZu v/;kiuklkBh Mindomo, Popplet, Prezi, google slides, slide been, wizer.me, Cisco wedEx, Hot potatoes, Kahoot, Quizlet, Mentimeter, Novel Method of teaching ;kapkgh okij djkok- ts.ksd:u fon;kF;kZauk vkWuykbZu v/;kiukr vkoM fuekZ.k gksbZy7- vkWuykbZu v/;kuklkBh dks.kR;k izdkjps VqYl dls okijkos] ;kps ;qV;qc ojhy OghMhvkst ikgwu okij djkok8- vkWuykbZu ls’ku ?ksrkauk MkW;qesaVs’ku d’kk izdkjs okijkos] fon;kF;kZauk vlkbZuesaV d’kk i/nrhus n;kO;kr] vlslesaV d’kk i/nrhph fuoMkoh] LizsMf’kV d’kk i/nrhus MkÅuyksM djkoh] gh fQYVj d’kkizdkjs djkoh o lsOg dqBs djkoh ;k cn~nyps izf’k{k.k ?;kos- ¼MKCL½ 9- f’k{kdkauh vkWuykbZu ls’kue/;s xqxy’khV] ,Dlsy’khV d’kk i/nrhus okijkosr] ;kalg vkiY;kdMs miyC/k vlysY;k fMOgkbZle/;s QkbZYl dehr deh tkxsr d’kk i/nrhus lsOg d:u LVksvj djkO;kr] R;k fon;kF;kZauk d’kk r&gsus ‘ksvj djkO;kr] xqxy MªkbZOgpk okij d’kk izdkjs djkok v’kk izdkjP;k ckchfo”k;h MKCL Onkjk vk;skftr izf’k{k.k ?;kos10- vkWuykbZu f’k{k.k vrqY;dkfyd ¼asynchronous½ vkf.k ledkfyd ¼synchronous½ vls lafeJ vlkos11- jkT; ljdkjus nh{kk vWi] ‘kS{kf.kd fnunf’kZdk ;k lkj[;k ‘kS{kf.kd vWiph fufeZrh dsyh vkgs- f’k{kdkauh gs vWi vkiY;k LekVZ Qksuoj MkÅuyksM d:u fon;kF;kZauk miyC/k d:u n;kohrlanHkZ xzaFk lwph %& fHkarkMs fo-jk- ¼1989½ ‘kS{kf.kd la’kks/ku i/nrh] uqru izdk’ku] iq.kshttps://www.orfonline.org.