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Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2021 = 7.380, www.srjis.com PEER REVIEWED & REFEREED JOURNAL, NOV-DEC, 2021, VOL- 9/68

tuin vejksgk ¼mRrj izns’k½ eas dkWVu osLV m|ksx dk fodkl] lEHkkouk,a ,oa mlls mRiUu Ik;kZoj.kh; leL;k,a& ,d HkkSxksfyd v/;;u eghiky flag] Ph. D.

,lksfl,V izksQslj ,oa foHkkxk/;{k Hkwxksy xqykc flag fgUnw ¼ih0th0½ dkyst pkaniqj L;kÅ ¼fctukSj½ fiu& 246725 Paper Received On: 21 DEC 2021 Peer Reviewed On: 31 DEC 2021 Published On: 1 JAN 2022 R4Z

Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

fdlh fo’ks’k {ks= esa Hkkjh ek=k eas lkeku dk fuekZ.k@mRiknu ;k o`gn :Ik ls lsok iznku djus ds ekuoh; deZ dks m|ksx dgrs gSaA m|ksxkas ds dkj.k xq.koRrk okys mRikn lLrs nkekas ij izkIr gksrs gSaA ftlls yksxkas ds jgu&lgu ds Lrj esa lq/kkj gksrk gS vkSj thou lqfo/kktud gksrk pyk tkrk gSA vkS|ksfxd ;qx vk/kqfud ;qx dk ekSfyd vk/kkj gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vk/kqfud ;qx vkS|ksfxd ;qx dk çrhd cu x;k gSA vkt fo'o ds çk;% leLr ns'k vkS|ksxhdj.k dh vksj vxzlj gks jgs gSa D;ksafd vkS|ksxhdj.k fdlh jk"Vª dh çxfr ,oa lEiUurk dk dsoy vk/kkj gh ugha] cfYd mlds vkfFkZd fodkl dk ekin.M Hkh ekuk tkrk gSA fo'o ds ftrus Hkh fodflr jk"Vª gSa os lc vkS|ksxh— r ns'kksa dh Js.kh esa fxus tkrs gSaA blds vfrfjä tks jk"Vª vHkh fodflr jk"Vªkas dh Js.kh esa ugha fxus tkrs gSa] fdUrq fodkl ds iFk ij vkxs c<+ pqds gSa] os lc vkS|ksxhdj.k ds }kjk gh vius vkfFkZd fodkl ds fy, ç;Ru'khy gSaA fiNyh ikap n'kdksa esa vusd fodkl'khy jk"Vªkas ds }kjk vkS|ksxhdj.k dh fn'kk esa i;kZIr çxfr Hkh dh x;h gSA oLrqr% vkS|ksxhdj.k vkfFkZd ,oa lkekftd fo"kerkvksa ls xzflr vusd fiNM+s gq, jk"Vªkas ds uo&fuekZ.k ,oa mRFkku ds fy, vk'kk dh ,d ,slh fdj.k ds leku gS tks mUgsa vU/kdkj ls çdk'k dh vksj ys tkrh gSA eqjknkckn e.My ds ik¡p tuinksa esa tuin vejksgk xaxk ds eSnku dk ,d vfHkUu vax gS tks fd {ks= esa cgus okyh ufn;ksa }kjk fu{ksfir tyks<+ }kjk fufeZr gSA tuin vejksgk dk v{kka'kh; foLrkj 280 25* mÙkj ls 290 14* mÙkj v{kka'k rFkk ns'kkUrjh; foLrkj 770 58* iwoZ ls 780 40* iwoZ ns'kkUrj ds e/; ls gSA v/;;u {ks= dk dqy {ks=Qy 2249 oxZ fd-eh- gSA1 ;g lEiw.kZ mÙkj çns'k Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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dk 0-90 izfr”kr Hkw&Hkkx gSA tuin vejksgk dh vf/kdka'k lhek,a çk—frd gSA xaxk unh bldh if'peh lhek dks fu/kkZfjr djrh gS vkSj gkiqM+] cqyan”kgj rFkk esjB tuin ls vyx djrh gSA mÙkj esa tuin fctukSj rFkk iwoZ esa tuin eqjknkckn o lEHky tuin gSaA v/;;u {ks= ds nf{k.k esa tuin cnk;w¡ fLFkr gSA tuin vejksgk lajpukRed –f"V ls tyks<+ eSnku dk ,d vax gS ftlesa tyks<+ fu{ksi cgqyrk ls ik;s tkrs gSaA ;g eSnku] xaxk] vkSj mudh lgk;d ufn;ksa ds fu{ksi ls fufeZr gSA ;g eSnku fgeky; dk vxzxZr gSA bl eSnku esa ufn;ksa }kjk yk;s x;s volkn dk vkSlru 500 ehVj xgjk fu{ksi gSA v/;;u {ks= dk lEiw.kZ Hkkx xaxk] jkexaxk rFkk mldh lgk;d ufn;ksa }kjk fd;s x;s fu{ksiksa ls fufeZr gSA v/;;u {ks= esa ik;h tkus okyh tyks<+ feêh dk fuekZ.k] ckyw] phdk vkSj flYV ds feJ.k ls gqvk gSA ;g ckyw] phdk vkSj flYV fgeky; Jsf.k;ksa ls ufn;ksa }kjk yk;h x;h gSA gluiqj rglhy esa eksVs d.kksa vkSj ckyw ls ;qä çkphu tyks<+ feêh ik;h tkrh gSA viokg rU= dh –f"V ls xaxk unh çeq[k lrRokfguh unh gS tks viuh lgk;d ufn;ksa ds lkFk {ks= esa cgrh gSA tuin vejksgk xaxk eSnku dk ,d HkwHkkx gksus rFkk çkphu dky ls gh l?ku tula[;k dk {ks= gksus ds dkj.k ekuo fodkl dks vkdf"kZr djrk jgk gS ftlesa vejksgk lcls çkphu uxj gS A v/;;u {ks= dh 2001 dh tula[;k 1499068 Fkh tks 2011 esa c<+dj 1838771 gks x;hA bl e/; tula[;k o`f) nj $22-66 izfr”kr jgh gSA2 {ks= esa tula[;k forj.k ,oa ?kuRo esa vR;f/kd foHksn n'kZuh; gSA tux.kuk 2011 ds vuqlkj tuin vejksgk dk ?kuRo 818 O;fä çfr oxZ fd-eh- jgk gS] tks ns'k ds ?kuRo 382 ls cgqr vf/kd gSA3 {ks= esa 2001 esa fodkl[k.Mokj lokZf/kd ?kuRo tks;k fodkl[k.M esa 702 gSA blds ckn gluiqj 601 O;fä çfr oxZ fd-eh- gS ftldk eq[; dkj.k bu fodkl[k.Mksa esa —f"k Hkwfe dh Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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vf/kdrk flafpr lk/kuksa dh ckgqY;rk ;krk;kr ds lk/kuksa dh lqyHkrk rFkk vU; lkekftd vkfFkZd lqfo/kkvksa dk gksrk gSA lcls de ?kuRo /kukSjk fodkl[k.M esa gSa tks fd 385 O;fä çfr oxZ fd-ehgS4 ftldk eq[; dkj.k feêh dh de moZjrk] jkstxkj ds lk/kuksa dh deh ;krk;kr lk/kuksa dh fojyrk rFkk cktkj dh nwjh vkfn çeq[k dkj.k de ?kuRo ds fy, mÙkjnk;h gSaA v/;;u {ks= tuin vejksgk ,d —f"k ç/kku tuin gSA tuin esa 2018&19 esa dqy çfrosfnr {ks=Qy 216879 gsDVs;j gS ftlesa 21001 gsDVs;j ouksa ds vUrxZr gSA tuin esa —"; csdkj Hkwfe 110 gsDVs;j] ijrh Hkwfe 261 gsDVs;j] Ålj ,oa d`f’k ds v;ksX; Hkwfe 405 gsDVs ;j] d`f’k ds vfrfjDr vU; mi;ksx dh Hkwfe 19575 gsDVs;j] pkjkxkg 165 gsDVs;j] m|ku] o`{k ,oa >kfM+;ka 102 gsDVs;j rFkk “kq) cks;k x;k {ks= 175260 gsDVs;j gSA5 tuin dk vf/kdka'k Hkkx —f"kr Hkwfe ds vUrxZr vkrk gS flapkbZ lqfo/kkvksa dk fodkl uohure rduhdksa vkSj tula[;k o`f) ls [kk|kUuksa dh c<+rh ekax ds dkj.k —f"kr Hkwfe ds {ks=Qy esa fujUrj o`f) gSA tuin esa fodkl[k.M Lrj ij —f"k {ks= esa vR;f/kd fHkUurk gSA çkphu dky ls gh Hkkjr ,oa mlds cgqr ls {ks= viuh rduhdh n{krk] vf/kd laxBu vkSj vkS|ksfxd Js"Brk ds fy, fo'o fo[;kr jgs gSaA fczfV'k 'kklu dky ds iwoZ m|ksxksa dk fodkl gks pqdk Fkk vFkkZr LFkkuh; ekax ij vk/kkfjr m|ksxksa] f'kYi] oLrq,a] lwrh diM+k] crZu] ydM+h] yksg]s peM+s dh oLrq;s lksus&pkanh ds vkHkw"k.k fuekZ.k vkfn dk fodkl gks pqdk FkkA çkphudky esa tuin vejksgk ds vkS|ksfxd fodkl dh dksbZ Hkh Li"V rLohj gekjs lkeus ugha gSA oSfnd lkfgR; rFkk mlds ckn ds lkfgR; esa dgha& dgha vLi"V fopkj bl {ks= ds m|ksxksa ds fo"k; esa fn[kkbZ iM+rs gSaA fczfV'kdky esa rks bu fuekZ.k bdkbZ;k¡ dk okLro esa fjdkMZ j[kk tkus yxhA v/;;u {ks= esa LorU=rk iwoZ diM+k cqukbZ m|ksx ?kjsyw ,oa y?kq m|ksxksa ds :i esa eqfLye cqudjksa }kjk fd;k tkrk FkkA 18oha 'krkCnh esa vejksgk gLr fufeZr mPp Lrjh; diM+s ds mRiknu ds fy;s çfl) FkkA vejksgk] gluiqj ,oa ukSxkoka lknkr esa diM+s dh fHkUu&fHkUu fdLesa rS;kj dh tkrh FkhaA blds vfrfjä gluiqj esa [kíj ds diM+s cquus dk çpyu Fkk ftls LFkkuh; Hkk"kk esa xk<+k dgk tkrk FkkA v/;;u {ks= esa edku cukus ds fy, bZaVksa dk ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA vr% LFkkuh; feêh lalk/ku dh [kqnk;h dj bZaV Hkêksa dks txg&txg ns[kk tk ldrk gSA ftudh fLFkfr LorU=rk iwoZ dh gSA tuin esa LorU=rk iwoZ bZaV Hkêksa dh la[;k 100 ls Hkh vf/kd FkhA vejksgk uxj esa gS.MhØkÝV ds :i esa ydM+h ds crZu] <ksyd] ih<+h] [ksy&f[kykSus ,oa 'kks&ihl cukus dk dk;Z LorU=rk iwoZ ls gh gksrk vk jgk gSA —";k/kkfjr m|ksx esa phuh ,oa [kk.Mlkjh m|ksx dh LorU=rk iwoZ ls gh py jgk gS tksfd v/;;u {ks= dh ?kjsyw ekax ds lkFk&lkFk vU; {ks=as dks Hkh fu;kZr fd;k tkrk FkkA v/;;u {ks= esa pyus okys m|ksxksa esa feêh ds crZu] chM+h m|ksx] ydM+h dk lkeku] Vksih Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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ij d<+kbZ] dkyhu fuekZ.k diM+ksa dh NikbZ] ew<+k] ih<+h vkfn xzkeh.k m|ksx cgqr iqjkus m|ksx gSa tksfd vkt Hkh v/;;u {ks= esa txg&txg {ks=h; yksxksa ds jkstxkj ds lk/ku cus gq, gSaA6 tuin esa vejksgk ijEijkxr :i ls ,d —f"k ç/kku {ks= gSA {ks=h; Lrj ij vkS|ksfxd vofLFkfr dk fo'ys"k.k vkS|ksfxd fØ;kdykiksa ds LFkkfud çcU/k ds fo'ys"k.k esa vUrfufgZr gSA orZeku esa fofHkUu Lrjh; m|ksxksa esa phuh feys] gS.Mywe vU; y?kq m|ksx] gS.MhØkÝV m|ksx rFkk [kknh vkSj xzkek|ksx çeq[k gSaA v/;;u {ks= esa 21 o`gn ,oa e/;e Lrjh; vkS|ksfxd bdkb;k¡¡sa gSa ftuesa mRikfnr oLrq;sa 'kqxj] [kk| v[kk|; rsy] lwrh /kkxk] ,flM] flaxy lqij QkLQsV] jklk;fud inkFkZ] vkVksikVZ~l] Vk;ysV 'k‚i] jSfix ,oa cYd MªXl vkfn gSaA7 buds vfrfjä xzkeh.k ,oa y?kq vkS|ksfxd bdkbZ;k¡ dh la[;k 527 gS ftlesa 463 y?kq vkSj 60 xzkeh.k vkS|ksfxd bdkb;k¡ gSaA y?kq bdkb;k¡sa esa 998 rFkk xzkeh.k vkS|ksfxd bdkb;ksa esa 420 Jfed dk;Zjr gSaA 2002&03 esa dkj[kkuk vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr fjVZu çkIr dkj[kkuksa dh la[;k 35 Fkh ftuesa 5155 Jfed dk;Zjr FksA v/;;u {ks= esa phuh ,oa [kk.Mlkjh m|ksx ,oa muds xkS.k mRikn [kk| rsy ,oa pchZ dk fofuekZ.k vukt feyksa ds mRiknu lEcU/kh m|ksx dkxt ,oa nÝrh m|ksx] chM+h m|ksx] ia[kk m|ksx] ih<+h ,oa <ksyd m|ksx vkfn —f"k ,oa ouh; inkFkksZ ij vk/kkfjr m|ksx gSaA oL= m|ksx] — f"k ;U= m|ksx] lkekU; bUthfu;fjax m|ksx LFkkuh; cktkj ij vk/kkfjr m|ksx gSaA lwrh oL= m|ksx v/;;u {ks= dk cgqr iqjkuk m|ksx gS ftlesa vf/kdka'k eqfLye cqudj dk;Zjr Fks blds çeq[k dsUæ vejksgk ,oa gluiqj Fks ;g m|ksx orZeku esa iru dh vksj vxzlj gS tcfd —f"k ;U= fuekZ.k ,oa lkekU; bUthfu;fjax m|ksx yxkrkj c<+ jgk gSA ckgjh cktkj ij vk/kkfjr m|ksxksa esa tuin dk <ksyd ,oa dkyhu fuekZ.k] pk; ,oa elkys çlks/ku] iq"i m|ksx vkfn gSaA eq[; m|ksxksa ij vk/kkfjr m|ksxksa esa 'kjkc m|ksx] dkxt o nQrh fuekZ.k] pkoy dh Hkwalh ls rsy fudkyuk 'kqxj m|ksx dh eM ls [kkn fuekZ.k] ewaxQyh o /kku ds fNyds ls dkcZu dh çkfIr vkfn m|ksx gSA v/;;u {ks= esa xtjkSyk vkS|ksfxd {ks= yxHkx 60000 vkcknh okys {ks= esa fLFkr vkS|ksfxd {ks= gSA ;gk¡ yxHkx ,d ntZu ls Hkh vf/kd o`gn ,oa y?kq Lrjh; vkS|ksfxd bdkb;k¡ gluiqj] xtjkSyk ,oa eqjknkckn fnYyh jk"Vªh; jktekxZ la[;k 24 ds lgkjs&lgkjs fLFkr gSA ;gk¡ loZçFke vkS|ksfxd bdkbZ f'kokfyd lsY;wykst ds uke ls çkjEHk gqbZA ¼orZeku esa ;gk¡ bdkbZ;ksa dk yxuk tkjh gSA½ xtjkSyk dh lHkh cM+h vkS|ksfxd bdkb;k¡ v/;;u {ks= dks Hkkjr ds çeq[k vkS|ksfxd {ks=as dh Js.kh esa lfEefyr djkus esa viuh eq[; Hkwfedk fuHkk jgh gSA ftl dkj.k v/;;u {ks= dh vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij Hkh igpku cuh gqbZ gSA v/;;u {ks= esa vkS|ksfxd fodkl ds dkj.kksa esa cktkj dh fudVrk Hkh çeq[k gSA v/;;u {ks= esa tula[;k dk cgqY; mRiknu dks c<+kok nsus esa çeq[k Hkwfedk vnk dj jgk gSA tula[;k vf/kd gksus ds dkj.k {ks= esa Jfedksa dh miyC/krk Hkh lgk;d fl) gks jgh gSA Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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vejksgk uxj esa diM+s dh dfVax ls :bZ cukus dh e'khu iwjs fgUnqLrku esa flQZ vejksgk esa gh cukbZ tkrh gS ;s e'khu ydM+h ls cukbZ xbZ gS] bles T;knkrj fgLlk ydM+h dk vkSj dqN fgLlk yksgs dk tSls xjkjh] iqyh] csyu] 'kk¶V] psu] c;sfjax yxs gksrs gSa bl e'khu dks cukus esa Jh vCnqy jghe mQZ feL=h flesaV o feL=h ,tkt vgen flíhdh] ekSgYyk yky efLtn mYys[kuh; gSaA bl m|ksx dks mudk iwjk&iwjk lg;ksx feyk gSA ;g O;olk; yxHkx 100 lky iqjkuk gSA lu~ 1900 ls 1925 rd vejksgk esa :vM+ dk dke gksrk FkkA :vM+ dks yksx viuh /kqudh ls /kqudj rS;kj fd;k djrs Fks fQj ml ls diM+k rS;kj gksrk Fkk] ftlls fygkQ] xík cuk;k tkrk FkkA bl dke dks ftu yksxksa us fd;k muesa çeq[k uch c['k] tykymíhu vCnqYyk gSaA 1925 ls 1950 ds nkSjku dkfMaZx e'khu dks tsujsVj ls pyk;k tkrk Fkk vkSj bl m|ksx us O;kikj dk :i ys fy;kA bl O;olk; ls tqM+s yksxksa esa çeq[k Fks ykyk eqdqV yky tSu o jke jRu tSu 1950 ls 1975 ds chp bl O;olk; esa çeq[k yksx Fks ;kehu czknlZ ¼iwoZ ps;jesu½] gkfQt Qjhn ,.M lal o ckcw vkys glu tkQjh] gkth vCnqy djheA 1970 ds vklikl ;s O;olk; cgqr rsth ls ijoku p<+k vkSj vejksgk gS.M Liwu;kuZ dh ,d cgqr cM+h e.Mh cu x;kA ;gk¡ ls pj[ks ls rS;kj lwr ckjhd o eksVj 'kkgtgk¡iqj] cnkSgh] fetkZijq vkfn 'kgjksa dks Vªd ds Vªd tkrs FksA8 vktknh ls igys dh ckr gS] vejksgk ds ,tkt us dkfMaZx e'khu ;k ;s dgsa ds #bZ /kquus dh e'khu ls d‚Vu osLV dkjksckj dh 'kq#vkr gqbZA egkRek xka/kh ds liuksa dks lkdkj djus okys bl dkjksckj us yksxksa dks csgrj Hkfo"; fn;kA [kklrkSj ij eqfLye oxZ ds yksxksa us dkjksckj esa fnypLih yhA vejksgk fgUnw oxZ esa lcls igys Lo& Jh fu;knjey us dne j[kk FkkA iatkc ls fygkQ] dPpk eky vkrk FkkA d‚Vu ls xís vkfn curs FksA dkjksckj us vejksgk esa Å¡pkbZ;ksa ds u;s vk;ke x<+sA urhtk] o"kZ 2000 ls 2005 rd dkjksckj ds vPNk ihfj;M jgkA d‚Vu osLV dkj[kkuksa dh rknkn 800 dh la[;k ij igqap xbZA yks xzsM dh eky dh vf/kd ekax Fkh blfy, vf/kd ek= esa çksMD'ku gksrk gSA 5 ls 7 rjg ds vPNs fdLeksa dk eky rS;kj gksrk gSA pwafd bldh ekax de gS blfy, çksMD'ku Hkh de gh FkkA vejksgk ds fy, ;s csgn lq[kn iy Fks fd bUgha o"kksaZ esa dkjksckj us if'peh ,f'k;k esa ubZ igpku nhA vc ifjfLFkfr;k¡ ,slh gks xbZ gSa fd dkjksckj rsth ls ?kV jgk gSA fMekaM djus okys jkT;ksa esa dkj[kkus yx x,] dPps eky dh deh] iaxq fctyh O;oLFkk] etnwjksa dk VksVk] ,slh dbZ eqf'dyksa us dkjksckj ij xzg.k yxk fn;k gSA9 v/;;u {ks= tuin vejksgk esa LFkkfir d‚Vu osLV bdkbZ;k¡ çnw"k.k c<+k jgh gSA {ks= esa ty çnw"k.k bu bdkb;ksa ds dkj.k pje lhek rd igq¡p pqdk gSA tuin vejksgk ds ftu {ks= esa d‚Vu osLV bdkbZ;k¡ LFkkfir gSa ogk¡ dk Hkw&xfHkZd ty yxkrkj çnwf"kr gksrk tk jgk gSA bldk eq[; dkj.k ;g gS fd bu bdkbZ;ksa esa tc diM+s dh drju dks rstkc ls /kks;k tkrk gS vkS j budk jax mrkjk tkrk gS rks 'ks"k cps ikuh dks bu bdkbZ;ksa esa /kjkry ij u Mkydj cksfjax o ikbi ds ek/;e Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Da^^. eghiky flag (Pg. 16180-16186)

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ls Hkw&xHkZ ty esa igq¡pk;k tkrk gS ftlls Hkw&xHkZ ty çnwf"kr gks jgk gSA 'kks/kkFkhZ us tc {ks= ds vejksgk uxj ds dY;k.kiqj jksM] nkfu'keUnku] nkÅn ljk; jksM ds yksxksa ls ckrphr dh rks ;g ckr lkeus vk;h fd gS.MiSEi dk ikuh mu {ks=sa esa ihyk vkrk gS ftlls mu yksxks dks xEHkhj ckehfj;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gSA ty çnw"k.k dk Hk;adj ifj.kke {ks= ds LokLF; ds fy, ,d xEHkhj [krjk gSA 'kks/kkFkhZ ds vuqeku ds vuqlkj tuin vejksgk dh d‚Vu osLV bdkbZ;ksa ds lehi gksus okyh nks&frgkbZ chekfj;k¡ çnwf"kr ikuh ls gksrh gSaA ty çnw"k.k dk çHkko ekuo LokLF; ty }kjk ty ds lEidZ ls ,oa ty esa mifLFkr gkfudkjd jklk;fud inkFkksaZ }kjk iM+rk gSA {ks= esa is;ty ds lkFk jksx ogu cSDVhfj;k] ok;jl çksVkstksok ,oa —f"k ekuo 'kjhj esa igq¡p tkrs gSa vkSj gStk] VkbQkbM] f'k'kq çokfgdk] isfp'k] ihfy;k] vfrlkj tSls Hk;adj jksx mRiUu gks tkrs gSaA d‚Vu osLV ds dkj[kkuksa ls tgk¡ ,d vksj ty çnw"k.k {ks= ds fy, ,d leL;k gS ogha ok;q çnw"k.k bu dkj[kkuksa ds vkl&ikl jgus okys ifjokjksa ds fy, xEHkhj LokLF; lEcU/kh leL;k;sa iSnk djrk gS tgk¡ ,d vksj bu dkj[kkuksa esa dke djus okys etnwjks]a d‚Vu osLV ds fy, drju NkaVus okyh efgykvksa ds LokLF; ij foijhr çHkko iM+rk gSA ogha d‚Vu osLV dkj[kkuksa ls fudyus okys lw{e :bZ ds d.kksa ds okrkoj.k esa tkus ls vkl&ikl jgus okys ifjokjksa ds LokLF; ij xEHkhj çHkko iM+rs gSaA d‚Vu osLV dkj[kkuksa ls fudyus okys :bZ ds NksVs&NksVs d.k gok esa QSy dj Lokal ds ek/;e ls ekuo ds 'kjhj esa igq¡prs gSa vkSj euq"; ds 'olu ra= dks xEHkhj :i ls çHkkfor djrs gSa buls euq"; dks Vh-ch- vkSj nek tSls xEHkhj jksx iSnk gksrs gSaA T;knk Qk;nk mBkus ds pDdj esa dkj[kkuk ekfyd ;gk¡ e'khuksa ij dke djus okys dkjhxjksa rFkk drju Nk¡Vus okyh efgykvksa vkSj cPpksa dks :bZ ds NksVs&NksVs d.kksa ls cpko gsrq ekLd Hkh miyC/k ugha djkrs gSaA blls ;s dke djus okyh efgyk,a vkSj cPps tYn Vh-ch- vkSj nek tSlh ckefj;ksa ls xzLr gks tkrs gSaA dkj[kkus ls fudyus okys NksVs&NksVs js'kksa ls {ks= esa jgus okys ifjokjksa ls lHkh O;fä çHkkfor gksrs gSa] ijUrq bu dkj[kkuksa ls fudyus okys :bZ ds js'kksa ls cw<+]s cPps vkSj detksj o chekj yksx vf/kd rFkk tYnh çHkkfor gksrs gSaA 'kks/kkFkhZ }kjk vejksgk uxj vkSj vkl&ikl ds xk¡oksa esa O;fäxr losZ{k.k djus ls ;g ik;k fd bu dkj[kkuksa ds vkl&ikl jgus okys yksx xEHkhj :i ls QsQM+s lEcU/kh chekfj;ksa ls xzflr ik;s x;sA v/;;u {ks= esa vejksgk uxj ds dY;k.kiqj jksM] /kukSjk jksM] ubZ cLrh] nkfu'keUnku] ehjk ljk; jksM] nkÅn ljk; jksM] tks;k jksM vkfn cfLr;ksa esa tgk¡ ;g dkj[kkus vkoklh; {ks= ds e/; esa QSys gSa QsQM+s lEcU/kh jksxksa ls xzflr yksxksa dh rknkn vf/kd gSA ok;q çnw"k.k lEcU/kh leL;kvksa ds ckjs esa LFkkuh; yksxksa ls tc iwNrkN dh xbZ rks 'kks/kkFkhZ us ;g ik;k fd bu dkj[kkuksa ds vkl&ikl jgus okys vf/kdka'k yksx bu dkj[kkuksa ls fudyus okys lw{e :bZ ds d.kksa ds nq"çHkko ls vufHkK gSa vkSj blls LokLF; ij iM+us okys çHkkoksa ds fo'k; esa dqN Hkh tkudkjh ugha j[krsA bl lEcU/k esa fo'ks"k rF; ;g gS fd vejksgk uxj] tks;k vkSj vkl&ikl ds Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Da^^. eghiky flag (Pg. 16180-16186)

16186

{ks=as esa ;g dkj[kkus vkoklh; {ks=as ds vkl&ikl fLFkr gSa vkSj fnu&çfrfnu budh la[;k c<+ jgh gS tks fd {ks= ds ukxfjdksa ds fy, ,d xEHkhj LokLF; lEcU/kh pqukSrh gSA ljdkj] LokLF; foHkkx rFkk i;kZoj.k foHkkx Hkh bl fo"k; esa dqN Hkh djus dks rS;kj ugha gS vk;s fnu bu dkj[kkuksa esa vkx yxrh jgrh gS tks fd {ks= ds fuokfl;ksa vkSj dke djus okyksa dh tku&eky dh gkfu dh fo'ks"k leL;k gSA d‚Vu osLV dkj[kkuksa ls tgk¡ Hkwfexr ty o ok;q çnw"k.k dh leL;k gS ogha drjuksa dks lkQ djus okys VSadksa ls fjlus okys ty ls feêh ds tSfod rRo dk fouk'k gksrk gS vkSj feêh ds mitkÅ rRo lekIr gksrs tkrs gSaA blds lkFk gh bu dkj[kkuksa ls fudyus okyh xUnxh] tks fd dkj[kkuk ekfyd b/kj&m/kj mitkÅ tehu ij QSadrs jgrs gSa mlls Hkh feêh dh moZjk 'kfä de gksrh tkrh gSA bu dkj[kkuksa ds vkl&ikl ds {ks=as esa pwafd —f"k ç/kku {ks= fLFkr gSA vr% ogk¡ dh mitkÅ feVV~h viuh moZjk 'kfä [kksrh tk jgh gS ftls jksdus ds dksbZ Hkh mik; u rks LFkkuh; Lrj ij vkSj u gh ljdkjh Lrj ij fd;s tk jgs gSaA lUnHkZ lkaf[;dh; if=dk tuin vejksgk] 2020A Hkkjrh; tux.kuk 2011] fMfLVªDV gkbZykbV iksiqys”ku] vejksgk] 2011A &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&rnSo &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& lkaf[;dh; if=dk tuin vejksgk] 2020A &&&&&&&&&& rnSo &&&&&&&&&& pVthZ] ,-lh- uksV~l vku n b.MLVªht v‚Q n ;wukbZVMs çksfoUl] bykgkckn] ist&138A okf"kZd ftyk ;kstuk if=dk] eqjknkckn 2009A eUlwjh] ch-vkj- ^vejksgk VsDlVkby osLV m|ksx*] lkIrkfgd&vk;kZorZ dsljh ^tuin Lekfjdk* vejksgk&T;ksfrck Qwys uxj] m-ç- 12&18 flrEcj] 2011] i`- 28A fgUnh nSfud ^fgUnqLrku* lekpkj i=] 24 Qjojh 2012 ^mM+ku*] i`- 15A