PIMPARI-CHINCHWAD PARISARATIL BALGUNHEGARI: EK SAMAJIK VA ARTHIK SAMASYA

Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies,

Online ISSN 2278 8808, SJIF 2021 = 7.380, www.srjis.com

PEER REVIEWED & REFEREED JOURNAL, SEPT OCT, 2022, VOL 10/73

qnnar qMMdS> n[agamVrb ~mbJwÝhoJmar : EH$ gm‘m{OH$ d Am{W©H$ g‘ñ¶m

Amem ¶ed§V gHw§$S>1 & g§{JVm gmido2 , Ph. D.

1g§emoYH$, g§emoYH${dÚmWuZr, àm.am‘H¥$îU‘moao‘hm{dÚmb¶,AmHw$S>r©,nwUo.

2‘mJ©Xe©H$, {d^mJà‘wIdg§emoYH$‘mJ©Xe©H$,S>m°.AaqdXVob§J‘hm{dÚmb¶,{ZJS>r,nwUo.

Paper Received On: 25 OCTOBER 2022

Peer Reviewed On: 31 OCTOBER 2022

Published On: 01 NOVEMBER 2022

Abstract

~mbJwÝhoJmar^maVmV‘moR>çmeham§‘ܶo‘moR>çmà‘mUmVdmT>VAmho.‘Ðmg,{X„r,H$bH$Îmm,bIZD$, ~§Jbmoa,¶mehamVVgoM‘hmamï´>mV,‘w§~B©,nwUo,qnnarqMMdS>,gmobmnya,ZmJnya,‘Z‘mS>¶m{R>H$mUrVgoMaoëdo O§³eZMrJmdo,Am¡Úmo{JH$dñ˶mì¶mnmamMrCbmT>mbMmbUmar{R>H$mUoAem{R>H$mUr~mbJwÝhoJmarMoà‘mU‘moR>çm à‘mUmV AmT>iVo. ~mbJwÝhoJmar ho AmOmar g‘mOmMo bjU Amho. qnnarqMMdS> ehamVrb dmT>Vr JXu, ~H$mbdñζm,OwJma,VñH$ar,‘ÚnmZ¶m‘wio~mbJwÝhoJmardmT>VAmho.Am¡Úmo[JH$sH$aU,ZmJarH$aU¶m‘wio‘moR>çm à‘mUmV ~mbJwÝhoJmar dmT>V Amho. qnnarqMMdS> ehamVgwÕm ~mbJwÝhoJmar J§^ra ñdê$n YmaU H$arV Amho. ‘mZgemókdearaemók¶m§À¶m‘Vo,gmVdfm©À¶mAmVrb‘ybH$moUVohrH¥$˶g‘OyZH$arVZmhr.EImÚoH¥$˶ ˶mÀ¶mhmVyZKSy>ZJoboVar˶mZoOmUrdnyd©H$Ho$boboZgVo.åhUyZM~mbJwÝhoJmamÀ¶md¶mMr{H$‘mZ‘¶m©Xmgd© XoemV({’$Zb§S>MmAndmXdJiVm)gmVVoAmR>df}Amho.H$‘mb‘¶m©Xm{d{dYXoemVMZìhoVa{d{dYamÁ¶m§Vhr doJdoJirAmho.

A‘o[aH$md¶wamon‘ܶo16Vo25,Am{e¶m‘ܶo15Vo20VgoM¶wamon,Am{e¶mdA‘o[aH$m¶mXoemVrb ~è¶mMamÁ¶m§‘ܶo18hoH$‘mbd¶YaboOmVo.^maVmV1960À¶m‘wbm§À¶mH$m¶Úmà‘mUohoH$‘mbd¶‘wbm§gmR>r 16d‘wbtgmR>r18Amho.1

Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

àñVmdZm

AmOMm ~mbH$ XoemMm d ^mdr {nT>rMm AmYmañV§^ Amho. ˶mbm gj‘ ~Z{dUo ho g‘mOmVrb à˶oH$ KQ>H$m§Mr O~m~XmarM Zmhr Va AmÚH$V©ì¶ Amho. ‘mZdmbm OrdZ OJʶmMm, ñdmV§Í¶, Aݶm¶, A˶mMma, {nidUyH$ ¶mnmgyZ g§ajUmMm Am{U ‘wº$sMm A{YH$ma ^maVr¶ KQ>ZoZo d ‘mZdr h¸$mÀ¶m

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Om{haZmå¶mZwgma àmá Pmbobo AmhoV ho A{YH$ma ~mbH$m§Zmhr AmnmoAmnM àmá Pmbobo AmhoV. qnnar qMMdS> n[agamV AZoH$ AZmV, {ZamYma, hadbobr ~mbHo$, {^H$ ‘mJUmar, ‘Oyarbm ~ir Jobobr, Ad¡Y H¥$˶mgmR>r d b¢{JH$ Xþê$n¶moJmbm ~ir nS>bobr ~mbHo$ AmT>iyZ ¶oVmV. ì¶m»¶m : S>m°. goR>Zm : ""EImÚm XoemVrb H$m¶ÚmZo {ZpíMV Ho$boë¶m d¶mnojm H$‘r d¶ Agboë¶m ~mbH$mZo qH$dm ¶wdH$mZo Ho$bobo H$m¶Úm{damoYr dV©Z åhUOo ~mbJwÝhoJmar hmo¶.''2 ‘hmamï´> ho ~mbJwÝhoJmarÀ¶m ~m~VrV Xþgè¶m H«$‘m§H$mda Amho. Va ~mbJwÝhoJmarÀ¶m ~m~VrV ‘ܶàXoe amÁ¶mMm àW‘ H«$‘m§H$ bmJVmo. ‘hmamï´> ho Am¡Úm[JH$ {dH$mgmV AmKmS>rda Agbobo amÁ¶ AgyZ ~mbJwÝhoJmarVhr AJ«oga Agë¶mMr Y¸$mXm¶H$ ‘m{hVr g‘moa Ambobr Amho. ~mbJwÝhoJmar Am{U XoemMm Am{W©H$ {dH$mg ¶m‘ܶo H$mhr g§~§Y Amho H$m? ¶mMm {dMma H$aVm Ago bjmV ¶oVo H$s, XoemVrb ~mbJwÝhoJmarMo à‘mU AgoM gmV˶mZo dmT>V am{hbo Va ˶mMm XoemÀ¶m Am{W©H$ {dH$mgmda Z¸$sM n[aUm‘ hmoD$Z XaS>moB© CËnÞmV KQ> hmoV AgVo. g§emoYZmMr {ZdS> gm§ñH¥${VH$ amOYmZr, {dÚoMo ‘mhoa Aer {~ê$Xo {‘a{dUmè¶m nwʶmbm AmVm ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mo eha Aer Zdr AmoiI {Z‘m©U Pmbr Amho. Joë¶m ghm dfm©nmgyZ nwUo d qnnar qMMdS> ehamVrb ~mbJwÝhoJmarZo ‘w§~B©gh gd©M amÁ¶mVrb eham§Zm ‘mJo Q>mH$bo Amho. 2005 Vo 2010 ¶m ghm dfm©V nwUo d qnnar qMMdS> ehamV 4 hOma 300 ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mr Zm|X Pmbobr Amho. 2005 Vo 2009 ¶m dfm©V 90 IyZ, 74 hm’$ ‘S>©a, 442 àmUKmVH$ h„o, 23 ~bmËH$ma, 27 OUm§Mo AnhaU Am{U XamoS>o, Mmoar, Ka’$moS>r ¶m§À¶m 1424 JwÝøm§Mr Zm|X Pmbobr Amho. ~mbJwÝhoJmam§gmR>r Á¶m ¶moOZm AmhoV ˶m emgH$s¶ ¶moOZm§Mm Aä¶mg H$aUo, Am{W©H$ d gm‘m{OH$ n[apñWVr H$er Amho, ~mbJwÝhoJmarMo à‘mU H$m dmT>V Amho, B˶mXr ~m~tMm AmT>mdm KoʶmgmR>r hm {df¶ g§emoYZmgmR>r OmUrdnyd©H$ {ZdS>bm AgyZ Aä¶mg {df¶mMo {ef©H$ ""qnnar qMMdS> n[agamVrb ~mbJwÝhoJmam§À¶m Hw$Qw>§~mÀ¶m Am{W©H$ d gm‘m{OH$ g‘ñ¶m§Mm Aä¶mg'' Ago Amho.

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Amem¶ed§VgHw§$S>o& S>m°.g§{JVmgmido

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g§emoYZmMr C{Ôï>ço

1) ~mbJwÝhoJma ‘wbm§À¶m Hw$Qw>§~m§À¶m Am{W©H$ n[apñWVrMm AmT>mdm KoUo.

2) ~mbJwÝhoJma {Z‘m©U hmoʶm‘mJo H$moUVr Am{W©H$ Am{U gm‘m{OH$ H$maUo AmhoV ¶mMm Aä¶mg H$aUo.

3) ~mbJwÝhoJmar H$‘r H$aʶmgmR>r am~dʶmV ¶oUmè¶m emgH$s¶ ¶moOZm§Mm Aä¶mg H$aUo. J¥{hVHo$

1) Oo ~mbJwÝhoJma AmhoV, ˶m§Mr Am{W©H$ n[apñWVr IynM H$‘Hw$dV Amho.

2) bhmZ ‘wbm§À¶m hmVyZ J§^ra ñdénmMo JwÝho KS>bobo AmhoV.

3) ~mbJwÝhoJmam§À¶m Hw$Qw>§~mVrb gXñ¶m§Zm gm‘m{OH$ g‘ñ¶m§Mm gm‘moao Omdo bmJVo. g§emoYZ nÕVr g§emoYZmgmR>r {ZdS>boë¶m KQ>H$m§Mo Aܶ¶Z H$aVmZm Ooìhm {d{eï> KQ>H$m§Mr nXg§»¶m IynM A{YH$ AgVo Voìhm à˶oH$mMm Aä¶mg H$aUo e³¶ ZgVo. Voìhm Aem gd© Mbm§‘YyZ ˶m{d{eï> Mbm§Mo à{V{Z{YËd H$aUmè¶m H$mhr {ZdS>H$ Mbm§Mr {ZdS> H$amdr bmJVo d ˶m {ZdS>boë¶m Mbm§Mm Aä¶mg H$ê$ZM ˶mAmYmao Ambobo {ZîH$f© g§nyU© KQ>H$mbm qH$dm ˶m JQ>mbm bmJy Ho$bo OmVmV. Aem nÕVrbm Z‘wZm {ZdS> nÕV Ago åhUVmV.3 àmW{‘H$ gm‘J«r : g§emoYZmgmR>r àmW{‘H$ d Xþ涑 ómoVm§Mm dmna H$aʶmV Ambobm Amho. qnnarqMMdS> eham‘ܶo qnnar nmobrg ñQ>oeZ ¶m§Mm g‘mdoe hmoVmo. gXa g§emoYZmgmR>r qnnarqMMdS> n[agamV ¶oUmè¶m qnnar qMMdS>, {ZJS>r, ^mogar ¶m joÌr¶ ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mm Aä¶mg H$aʶmV Ambobm Amho. gXa g§emoYZmgmR>r qnnar [M§MdS> n[agamVrb 400 ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mr {ZdS> H$aʶmV Ambobr Amho.

Amem¶ed§VgHw§$S>o& S>m°.g§{JVmgmido (Pg.17555 17564)

Vº$m H«$. 1.1 ‘hmamï´>mVrb ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mr g§»¶m (2022)

A. H«$. amÁ¶ ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mr g§»¶m 1 ‘ܶàXoe 5684 2 ‘hmamï´> 4554 3 amOñWmZ 2757 4 Vm{‘iZmSy> 418 5 H$Zm©Q>H$ 379 6 Amo{S>gm 353 7 {g¸$s‘ 00 8 ZmJmb±S> 01 9 {‘Pmoa‘ 2 10 ‘oKmb¶ 2 11 ‘{Unya 6 12 Jmodm 9 g§X^©:bmoH$gÎmmݶyOnona,A{ZbH$m§~io,{X.11.gßQ>|~a2022.4

AmboI H«$. 1.1 ‘hmamï´>mVrb ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mr g§»¶m (2022)

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g§X^© : Vº$m H«$. 1.1 ‘hmamï´>mV 2022 À¶m AmH$S>odmarZgma ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mr g§»¶m gdmªV OmñV ‘ܶàXoe amÁ¶mV (5684) EdT>r AmT>iVo. ˶mZ§Va ‘hmamï´>mV 4554 EdT>r Amho. amOñWmZ amÁ¶mV 2757, V{‘iZmSy> 418, H$Zm©Q>H$ 379, Amo{S>gm 353, ¶m amÁ¶m§V ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mr g§»¶m AmT>iVo. ‘hmamï´>mVrb qnnar

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qMMdS> ehamV ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mr g§»¶m ‘moR>çm à‘mUmV AmT>iVo. qnnar qMMdS> n[agamVrb ~mbJwÝhoJam§À¶m ‘wbm§À¶m Hw$Qw>§~m§Mr Am{W©H$ n[apñWVr H$er Amho? ~mbJwÝhoJma hmoʶm‘mJo H$moUVr Am{W©H$ d gm‘m{OH$ H$maUo AmhoV? ~mbJwÝhoJmar H$‘r H$aʶmgmR>r emgH$s¶ ¶moOZm H$moU˶m? ho OmUyZ KoʶmgmR>r qnnarqMMdS> n[agamVrb ~mbJwÝhoJmam§À¶m Hw$Qw>§~m§Mm Am{W©H$ d gm‘m{OH$ g‘ñ¶m§Mm Aä¶mg hm {df¶ g§emoYZmgmR>r {ZdS>bm Amho. Xþ涑 gm‘J«r

Xþ涑 gm‘J«r‘ܶo {d{dY boIm, dm{f©H$ Ahdmb, g§X^© J«§W, emoYà~§Y, {d{dY ‘m{gHo$, g§emoYZ boI, X¡{ZH$ d¥ÎmnÌ, g§nm{XV boI, Am{W©H$ d gm‘m{OH$ Ahdmb ¶m§Mm dmna H$aʶmV Ambobm Amho. ~mbJwÝhoJma H$m¶Xm d dmñVd 2014 ¶m dfu H|$Ðr¶ ‘{hbm d ~mbH$ë¶mU {d^mJmZo ~mbJwÝhoJmar H$m¶Xm 2000 ‘ܶo Xþê$ñ˶m gwM{dUmao {dYo¶H$ gmXa Ho$bob Amho. ¶m Xþê$ñVr‘Yrb gdmªV ‘hÎdmMr Xþê$ñVr åhUOo ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mo d¶ 18 dfm©dê$Z 16 dfm©da AmUmd¶mMo hmoVo. ˶m‘wio 12 Am°JñQ> 2014 amoOr {dYo¶H$mMm ‘gwXm bmoH$g^oZo ~hþ‘VmZo ‘§Oya Ho$bm. ‘mZdr h¸$mMo g§ajU ho 2000 À¶m H$m¶ÚmMo ‘w»¶ C{Ôï>ço hmoVo. ~mbJwÝhoJmambm {ejm Z XoVm ˶m‘mJMr H$maUo g‘OyZ KoD$Z ˶mg gwYmaʶmMr g§Yr XoʶmMo ¶m H$m¶ÚmMo C{Ôï>ço hmoVo. ¶m H$m¶ÚmA§VJ©V 18 dfm©Imbrb ‘wbmZo/‘wbrZo Oa EImXm JwÝhm Ho$bm Va ˶mg BVa JwÝøm§à‘mUo {ejm Z XoVm ˶mMr admZJr ~mbgwYmaUm J¥hmV Ho$br Om¶Mr. VgoM ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mo nwZ©dgZ ˶m§Zm H$mD$gqbJ H$aUo, ˶m§À¶m nmbH$m§H$Sy>Z X§S>mMo n¡go ^am¶bm bmdUo qH$dm ‘wbm§Zm J¥hmV R>odUo ho ~mbJwÝhoJma gwYmaUm ‘§S>imMo à‘wI H$m‘ hmoVo. ~mbJwÝhoJmar ZdrZ H$m¶ÚmZwgma df© 16 Vo 18 Xaå¶mZÀ¶m ‘wbm ‘wbrZo J§^ra ñdénmMm åhUOo IyZ, ~bmËH$ma, A°{gS> h„m ¶mgmaIm JwÝhm Ho$bm Agob ˶mda àm¢T>mà‘mUoM IQ>bm MmbdyZ Xmofr AmT>ië¶mg {ejm {Xbr OmB©b. qgJmnya‘ܶo ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mo d¶ 16 g‘Obo OmVo. ¶m {R>H$mUr nmbH$m§H$Sy>Z h‘rnÌ {bhÿZ KoVbo OmVo. A‘o[aHo$‘ܶo H$mhr amÁ¶m§‘ܶo ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mo d¶ 18 Va B§½b§S>‘ܶo 10, ’«$mÝg‘ܶo 12

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Ago ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mo d¶ g‘Obo OmVo. 13 Vo 16 ¶m d¶moJQ>mVrb JwÝhoJmam§Zm {Zå‘r {ejm Va 16 Vo 18 d¶moJQ>mVrb JwÝhoJmam§Zm Vwê§$JdmgmMr {ejm ‘hmamï´>mV {Xbr OmVo.5 g§X^© gm{h˶mMm AmT>mdm :

1) ~„moao Eg. Ho$. Am{U ‘moaVmQ>o Ama. Or. (2013)

¶m§Zr ~mbJwÝhoJmar Am[U ~mbh¸$ EH$ Ñï>rjon ¶m g§emoYZ nona ‘ܶo ~mbJwÝhoJarMo dU©Z Ho$bobo Amho. ~mbH$m‘JmamMr àWm ~mbH$m§À¶m gd©M ‘wb^yV h¸$m§Zm {hamdyZ KoUmar g‘ñ¶m ~Zdbr Amho. hr àWm Wm§~{dʶmgmR>r ~mbH$m§À¶m gdmªJrU {dH$mg Am{U g§ajUmÀ¶m h¸$mda ‘¶m©Xm KmbUmè¶m {dê$Õ X§S>mË‘H$ H$m¶©dmhr H$aʶmV ¶mdr. ~mbH$ë¶mU {ZYrMr C^maUr H$ê$Z ~mbH$m§Zm ¶mo½¶ ˶m A{YH$mè¶m§Mr OmonmgZm hmoB©b. Aem Cnm¶¶moOZm H$aUo Amdí¶H$ Agë¶mMo ¶m boImV g§emoYH$mZo åhQ>bo Amho.6

2) H§$YmaH$a hZw‘§V (2019) ‘amR>dmS>çmVrb ~mbJwÝhoJmarVrb ~mbH$m§À¶m h¸$ d g§dY©Zm‘ܶo ~mbJ¥hm§Mr ^y{‘H$m ¶m g§emoYZ nona‘ܶo ~mbH$m§Zm ~mbJwÝhoJmar‘ܶo H$moU˶m g‘ñ¶m d AS>MUtZm Omdo bmJVo. ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mo H$moUVo h¸$ AmhoV. ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Zm H$moU˶m {ejm§Zm gm‘moao Omdo bmJV ¶m§Mo g{dñVa dU©Z H$aʶmV Ambobo Amho. ˶m§Zr Amnë¶m g§emoYZ nona‘ܶo ‘amR>dmS>çmVrb ~mbJwÝhoJmarda àH$me Q>mH$bobm Amho. ˶m§Zr Amnë¶m boImV OwJma, VñH$ar, ‘ÚnmZ, dmT>Vr JXu, ¶m‘wio ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mo à‘mU dmT>V Amho Ago gm§{JVbo Amho. gmV dfm©Mm ‘wbJm H$moUVohr H¥$˶ OmUyZ~wOyZ H$arV Zmhr. EImXo H¥$˶ ˶m§À¶m hmVyZ KSy>Z Jobo Va ˶mZo OmUrdnyd©H$ Ho$bobo ZgVo Ago ˶m§Zr åhQ>bo Amho. ˶m§Zr Amnë¶m boImV ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mo à‘mU ehamV OmñV Amho ˶m‘wio eham§da OmñV bj Ho$§ÐrV Ho$bo nm{hOo Ago ˶m§Zr Amnë¶m boImV Cnm¶¶moOZm gm§{JVbr Amho.7

3)

bI{Xdo gamoO (2019)

~mbJwÝhoJmar EH$ gm‘m{OH$ g‘ñ¶m ¶m g§emoYZ nona boImV boIH$mZo ‘yb ho Amoë¶m ‘mVrMm Jmoim AgVmo. Ogo KS>{dbo Vgo KS>Vo Ago åhQ>bo Amho. emim, Q>çweZ, {d{dY ³bmgog ¶m‘wio ‘wbo OmñVrV OmñV doi ~mhoa amhVmV. ~mhoaÀ¶m dmVmdaUmMm ‘wbm§da à^md nS>V AgVmo. CR>Vm ~gVm

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g§ñH$ma H$aUmao AmB©dS>rb ˶m§Zm ZH$mogo dmQ>VmV. AZwdm§{eH$Vm, ‘|Xÿ{dH¥$Vr, {dH¥$V Hw$Qw>§~o, ì¶{º$‘Ëd KQ>H$ Aer AZoH$ H$maUo ~mbJwÝhoJmarMr ˶m§Zr gm§{JVbr AmhoV.8

4) nmQ>rb Ho$. ~r. (2016) ^maVmVrb ~mbJwÝhoJmar : EH$ gm‘m{OH$ g‘ñ¶m ¶m g§emoYZ boImV g§emoYH$mZo ^maVmVrb {d{dY gm‘m{OH$ g‘ñ¶m§~amo~a AmO ~mbJwÝhoJmarÀ¶m g‘ñ¶oZo gdmªMo bj doYbo Amho. gm‘m{OH$ {dKQ>ZmÀ¶m à{H«$¶o~amo~aM ~mbJwÝhoarMr g‘ñ¶m dmT>V Mmbbobr Amho. gܶmÀ¶m n[apñWVrV ‘wbm§‘ܶo dmT>V Mmbbobr qhgm, CÕQ>nUm Am{U ~mbJwÝhoJmar àd¥Îmr amoIʶmV ‘hÎdmMo H$m‘ nmbH$m§Mo Amho. Amnë¶m nmVirda à¶ËZ H$ê$Z XoIrb ‘wbm§‘wbtÀ¶m dmJʶmV ~XbhmoV Zmhr Ago dmQ>ë¶mg g‘wnXoeZ hmM ˶mda gdmªV Mm§Jbm Cnm¶ Amho. ‘wbm§er hmoUmam g§dmX hmM ˶mda Cnm¶ Amho Ago ˶m§Zr Amnë¶m boImV åhQ>bo Amho.9 5) ~m{dñH$a ‘hoe (2012) g‘ñ¶m OrdKoʶm ~mbJwÝhoJmarMr ¶m boImV ‘wbm§À¶m hmVr nmQ>r nopÝgb AgʶmiodOr ãboS> MmHy$ ¶mdm BVH$s J§^ra n[apñWVr {Z‘m©U Pmbr Amho, ¶mbm åhUmdo Var H$m¶? ehar ^mJmV ‘wbm§gmR>r ³d{MVM {Xbm OmUmam doi, nmbH$ ‘wbm§‘ܶo H$‘r Pmbobm g§dmX, namH$moQ>rMr {df‘Vm ¶m‘wio ~mbH$m§À¶m åhQ>bo Amho. ‘w§~B© nwʶmgma»¶m ‘moR>çm eham‘ܶo AgUmao nod AmVm ¶m à‘wI eham§~amo~aM hiyhiy AmOy~mOyÀ¶m eham§‘ܶo ngê$b bmJbo Amho. AmUIr EH$ J§^ra ~m~ åhUOo ‘w§~B© ‘moR>çm ~mbJwÝhoJarMo à‘mU dmT>V Amho. ~mbJwÝhoJar H$mbhr hmoVrM, nU AmO {VMo gm‘mݶrH$aU hmoVmZm "{W«b' hm KQ>H$ ‘hÎdmMm R>aVmo. Am{W©H$ Am~mi, nmbH$m§Mo Xþb©j, ì¶gZ Am{U {W«b AZw^dm¶Mr ‘mZ{gH$Vm ¶m‘wio AZoH$ ‘wbo JwÝhoJmarÀ¶m naV Z ¶oUmè¶m dmQ>odaMm àdmg gwê$ H$aVmV. ~mbJwÝhoJmar amoIʶmgmR>r nmbH$m§Zr ‘wbm§H$S>o bj R>odUo JaOoMo Amho. Aer Cnm¶¶moOZm ˶m§Zr Amnë¶m boImV gm§{JVbr Amho.10

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~mbJwÝhoJmarMr H$maUo

1) dmB©Q> eoOmar : ~mbJwÝhoJmam§Mm Hw$Qw>§~, dñVr Am{U eoOmar ¶m§À¶mer g§~§Y ¶oVmo. eoOma Oa Mm§Jbm Agob Va ˶mMm n[aUm‘ Mm§Jbm hmoVmo. åhUyZM Mm§Jbm eoOmar ^oQ>m¶bm ^m½¶ bmJVo. eoOmar Oa dmB©Q> àd¥ÎmtMm Agob Va ~mbJwÝhoJmar dmT>Vo.

2) eharH$aU : eharH$aUm‘wio J{bÀN> dñζm {Z‘m©U hmoVmV. Jar~r, Xm[aX«ç, ‘mJ©Xe©ZmMm A^md ¶m‘wio hr ‘wbo Agä¶ dV©Z H$aVmV. em° Am{U ‘°Ho$ ¶m§À¶m ‘VmZwgma ~mbH$ H$moU˶m g‘wXm¶mV amhVmo ¶mdê$Z ˶mÀ¶m dV©ZmMr H$ënZm ¶oVo.

3) {MÌnQ> d Aíbrb gm{h˶ : ãby‘a Am{U bm°ga ¶m§Zr {MÌnR> Am{U ~mbJwÝhoJmar ¶m§Mm K{Zð> g§~§Y Agë¶mMo nQ>dyZ {Xbo Amho. {MÌnQ>mVyZ ‘wbm§Zm AZw^dmg Z ¶oUmè¶m Jmoï>tMo Xe©Z KS>Vo d ˶m Jmoï>r ¶m ‘wbm§Zm H$amì¶mem dmQ>VmV, ˶mVyZ JwÝhoJmar dmT>Vo. darb H$maUm§~amo~aM nmbH$m§Mo A{VXm[aÐç, ‘mZ{gH$ ñdmñ϶, gmdÌ AmB© dS>rb Aem AZoH$ H$maUm§‘wio ~mbJwÝhoJmarMo à‘mU dmT>Vo.

4) {VañH¥$V, Cno{jV ~mbH$ : Hw$Qw>§~mV ‘wbm§À¶m CnojoMr AZoH$ H$maUo AmhoV. Hw$Qw>§~mVrb ‘mVm {nVm VUmd, gmdÌ AmB© dS>rb ˶m‘wio ‘wbm§Zm ào‘ g‘mYmZ, gwajm àmá hmoV Zmhr. AZ¡{VH$ ‘wbmH$S>o ˶m§Mo Hw$Q>w§~ Am{U g‘mOgwÕm K¥UmñnX ÑîrZo nmhVmo. gmdÌnUm, ‘mVm{df¶rMr ‘mahmU, Hw$dV©ZmZo ‘wbo KamVyZ niyZ OmVmV. ‘wbr doí¶m hmoVmV, ‘wbm§À¶m Amdí¶H$ JaOm, gwa{jVVm, ‘mZ{gH$ JaOm nyVV©A^mdr ~mJwÝhoJma R>aVmV.

5) Hw$Q>w§~mVrb ì¶gZm{YZVm : Hw$Qw>§~mV ‘mXH$ nXmWmªMr gd¶ Agob Va ~mbJwÝhoJmarg ghmæ¶^yV KQ>H$ R>aVmo. Hw$Qw>§~m‘wio ‘wbohr ‘Ú‘mZ H$aVmV. ì¶gZr nVr nËZr ‘wbm§gmo~V {Zðy>a dmJVmV. {n˶mÀ¶m ì¶gZm‘wio Hw$Qw>§~mMr Am{W©H$ pñWVr ImbmdVo ˶m‘wio ~mbJwÝhoJmar dmT>Vo.

6) Hw$Qw>§~mMr Am{W©H$ pñWVr : Hw$Qw§~mÀ¶m Am{W©H$ n[apñWVr‘wio ‘wbm§Mo {ZQ> g§JmonZ hmoV Zmhr. 80 Q>¸o$ ~mbJwÝhoJma AënCËnÞmVrb AgVmV. 70 Q>¸o$ ~mbJwÝhoJma ~H$mb dñVrV AgVmV. Xm[aÐçm‘wio ‘wbm§À¶m ‘wb^yV JaOm§Mr nyV©Vm hmoV Zmhr. ˶m‘wio ‘wbo ~mbJwÝhoJmarH$S>o diVmV.

Amem¶ed§VgHw§$S>o& S>m°.g§{JVmgmido (Pg.17555 17564)

17563

7) embo¶ dmVmdaU : ~mbJwÝhoJmarda à^md Q>mH$Umam emim hm à‘wI KQ>H$ Amho. emioVyZ niyZ OmUo, dmB©Q> g§JV, {ejH$m§H$Sy>Z H$R>moa {ejm, {df¶mMr AmdS> ZgUo, Z nobUmam Aä¶mgH«$‘, Hw$g§JVrZo ~mbHo$ Mmoar, b¢JrH$ JwÝho H$aVmV. ˶m‘wio ¶m {ejU ñnY}V {Q>Hy$ Z eH$Umar ‘wbo ~mbJwÝhoJma hmoVmV. ~mbJwÝhoJmarda Cnm¶¶moOZm

1) à˶oH$ emioV nmbH$ {ejH$m§Mr g§¶wº$ ‘§S>io ñWmnZ H$ê$Z emioVyZ niyZ OmUmè¶m ‘wbm§Mr Zm|X R>odʶmV ¶mdr.

2) ~mbJwÝhoJmarMo à‘mU ehamV OmñV Amho. ˶m‘wio eham§da OmñV bj H|$ÐrV H$aUo.

3) [aH$må¶m doimV ‘wbm§Zm Ioi, H$bm, ZmQ²>ç ¶m§Mm {dH$mg H$ê$Z KoʶmV ¶mdm. 4) ~mbJwÝhoJma ‘mJ©Xe©Z H|$Ð d ~mbJwÝhoJma ‘Zmoa§OZ H|$Ð ¶m§À¶m ZmdmImbr gm‘m{OH$ H$m¶©H$V}, ‘hm{dÚmb¶rZ ‘§S>io ¶m§Zr EH$Ì ¶oD$Z H$m¶© Ho$bo nm{hOo.

5) emar[aH$ ñdmñ϶, {Oìhmim, AmnwbH$s, H$m¡VwH$ Z {‘imë¶m‘wio ˶m§À¶m ì¶{º$‘Ëd {dH$mgmV H$mhr Xmof {Z‘m©U hmoVmV ˶m§Mm emoY KoUo.

6) AmB©d{S>bm§À¶m AdmñVd Anojm§À¶m Xþîn[aUm‘ d ˶mVyZ ‘mZ{gH$ {dH¥$Vr V¶ma hmoVo ¶m§Mm emoY KoUo. gmam§e H$m¡Qw>§{~H$ Am{W©H$ n{apñWVr, AmOy~mOyMm n[aga, An¶e, dmB©Q> g§JV, ì¶gZm{YZVm d {dd§MZo‘wio g‘mOm~Ôb Vrd« amJ {Z‘m©U Pmë¶mZo ~mbJwÝhoJma {Z‘m©U hmoVmV. àm‘w»¶mZo hbmIrMr Am{W©H$ n[apñWVr d Agwa{jV dmVmdaU ¶m‘wio ‘wbm§À¶m ‘ZmV g‘mOm{df¶r eÌwËdmMr ^mdZm {Zm‘©U hmoVo. 20 ì¶m eVH$mV Am¡Úm[JH$sH$aU d ZmJarHaUmMm ~amMgm à^md hm gm‘mݶ bmoH$m§da VgoM ~mbH$m§da nS>bobm {XgVmo. Mm§Jbo Am¶wî¶ OJʶmgmR>r M¡ZrÀ¶m dmT>˶m JaOm nyU© H$aʶmgmR>r, PQ>nQ> lr‘§V ~ZʶmMm hì¶mg, Am¡Úm[JH$sH$aUm‘wio àJV g‘mOmer g§nH©$ ¶oD$Z ˶m§À¶mgmaIo OrdZ‘mZ OJʶmMr gm‘mݶm§Mr IQ>nQ,> {dbmgr d¥Îmr ¶m‘wio ~mbHo$ dmB©Q> ‘mJm©bm OmVmZm {XgVmV.

Amem¶ed§VgHw§$S>o& S>m°.g§{JVmgmido

(Pg.17555 17564)

g§X^© gyMr

Attar A. D., Juvenile Delinquency, Bombay, 1964.

17564

Ho$.~r.nmQ>rb,^maVmVrb~mbJwÝhoJmar:EH$gm‘m{OH$g‘ñ¶m,g§emoYZ[agM© nona,{X.’o$~w«dmar2014,noO Z§.1Vo4.

Hw$bH$UuA{Zb,Jm¶H$dmS>Am‘ÊS>,Xoenm§S>o‘wHw§$X,bhmZoZ§Xm,ì¶mdgm{¶H$nÕVr, g³gognpãbHo$eZ,àW‘md¥ÏVr, 2009,n¥.H«$.1,2,15.

bmoH$gÎmmݶyOnona,A{ZbH$m§~io,{X.11gßQ>|~a2022.

do~gmB©Q>: http://oldgrt.lbp.world.

~„moaoEg.Ho$.Am{U‘moaVmQ>oAma.Or.,~mbJwÝhoJmarAm{U~mbh¸$,g§emoYZ nona,2013,n¥.H«$.14.

H§$YmaH$ahZw‘§V,‘amR>dmS>çmVrb~mbJwÝhoJmarVrb~mbH$m§À¶mh¸$dg§dY©Zm‘ܶo ~mbJ¥hm§Mr^y{‘H$m,g§emoYZ nona,2019.

bI{XdogamoXo,~mbJwÝhoJmarEH$ gm‘m{OH$g‘ñ¶m,g§emoYZ {eën,g§emoYZ nona, ISSN No. 2394 8426, {X.OmZodmar2019,n¥.H«$.20Vo22.

nmQ>rbHo$.~r.,^maVmVrb~mbJwÝhoJmar:EH$gm‘m{OH$g‘ñ¶m, Golder Research, Thoughts, Journal, Val. No. 5, ISSN 2231 5063, {X.’o$~w«dmar 2016,n¥.H«$.1Vo4.

~m{dñH$a‘hoe,g‘ñ¶mOrdKoʶm~mbJwÝhoJmarMràhma‘m{gH$,{X.9{S>g|~a, 2019,n¥.H«$.5Vo10.

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