Issuu

Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2019 = 6.380, www.srjis.com PEER REVIEWED & REFEREED JOURNAL, MAY-JUNE, 2020, VOL- 7/59

eqDr 'kSf{kd lalk/kuksa (OER)ds izfr jktdh; mPp ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa ds xzkeh.k o 'kgjh iz/kkukpk;ksZa dh tkx:drk dk v/;;u Jherh fdj.k fc’uksbZ Abstract

vè;;u ds ifj.kke ls jktdh; mPp ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa ds iq#"k iz/kkukpk;ksZa vkSj efgyk iz/kkukpk;ksZa dh eqDr 'kSf{kd lalk/kuksa (OER) ds izfr tkx:drk ij çdk'k Mkyus esa enn feysxhA ;g 'kks/k xzkeh.k vkSj 'kgjh jktdh; mPp ekè;fed fo|ky;ksa ds iz/kkukpk;ksZa dh eqDr 'kSf{kd lalk/kuksa ds izfr tkx:drk dk vè;;u djus esa Hkh enn djsxkA Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

eqDr 'kSf{kd lalk/ku(Open Educational Resource) lwpuk ds ;qx esa vk¡dMa+s ¼fo"k; oLrq½ fofHkUu :iksa esa miyC/k gS]a ;g eqfær] bysDVªkWfud ;k baVjusV ¼vkWuykbu½ vkfn :i esa gks ldrs gSAa fo|ky; Lrj ij fo"k; oLrq eqfær :i esa fofo/k ikB~;iqLrdksa esa miyC/k gSA f'k{kd bu iqLrdksa dk mi;ksx f'k{k.k ds fy, djrk gS tcfd fo|kFkhZ mudk mi;ksx vf/kxe gsrq djrs gSAa eqDr 'kSf{kd lalk/ku oks lalk/ku gS ftUgsa ge f’k{kk ds fy, iz;ksx djrs gSA ;s baVjusV ij miyC/k og lkexzh gS ftlds fy, gesa dksbZ iSls ugha nsus iM+rsA ;s vklkuh ls iz;ksx rFkk ifjorZu dh tk ldrh gSA f’k{kk dss {ks= esa ;g ,d uohu lalk/ku gS ftlls ge lwpuk ,oa lapkj izk| S ksfxdh ¼vkbZ-lh-Vh-½ ds ek/;e ls f’k{kk xzg.k dj ldrs gS rFkk vius uksVl~] ih-ihVh- ih-Mh-,Q- bR;kfn cukus ds fy, dke ys ldrs gS rFkk nwljksa ds Ýh iz;ksx ds fy, baVjusV ij Hkh miyC/k djok ldrs gSAa OER ds fy, baVjusV ij cgqr lkjh osclkbVl~ o dEI;wVj ,sIyhds’kul~ ¼,si½gS] ftudh lgk;rk ls ,d v/;kid viuh f’k{k.k lkexzh dks cgqr jkspd <ax ls izLrqr dj ldrk gS rFkk fo|kFkhZ vklkuh ls le> ldrk gSA blds vUrxZr ohfM;ks] vkWfM;ks] bZest& 3Mh] 4Mh] 5Mh] bZest vkWfM;ks dV~Vj] ohfM;ks dVj] 'kSf{kd xsel~ cukuk rFkk iz;ksx djuk izHkkoh f’k{k.k gsrq miyC/k gSA vkt vkbZ-lh-Vh- dk ;qx gSA 'kk;n gh vkt dksbZ ,slk gS tks vkbZ-lh-Vh- ls vNwrk gksA vkbZ-lh-Vh- dk vFkZ flQZ Whatsapp, Facebook, E-mail gh ugha f’k{kk ds Lrj Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Jherh fdj.k fc’uksbZ

13917

(Pg. 13916-13921)

ij Hkh cgqr dqN gSA f’k{kk vkt tu&tu rd vkbZ-lh-Vh- dh lgk;rk ls vklkuh ls lh[k jgs gSA fu%lansg vkbZ-lh-Vh- us ,d u;k ifjorZu gekjs thou esa yk;k gSA iz/kkukpk;Z ,oa usr`Ro& fo|ky; dh xq.koÙkk lqfuf'pr djus o izcU/ku esa iz/kkukpk;Z lcls ize[ q k Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSAa laLFkk iz/kkuksa dk ;g nkf;Ro gS fd os f'k{kdksa ds lkFk feydj ;g lqfuf'pr djsa fd ^fo|ky; esa gj cPpk lh[ks* bl gsrq mi;qDr okrkoj.k gSA ^ldkjkRed okrkoj.k* ls vfHkizk; d{kk&d{kh; okrkoj.k ls gS ftlesa f'k{kd o fo|kFkhZ] lgtrk o lfØ;rk ls Kku fuekZ.k dh izfØ;k esa layXu gksaA usr`Ro ds vHkko esa lQyrk vlaHko gSA Ldwy iz/kkukpk;Z ds usr`Ro dk Ldwy ds dq'ky lapkyu esa çR;{k&vçR;{k çHkko iM+rk gSA vPNs ç/kkukpk;Z mR—"V f'k{kdksa dks vkdf"kZr djus] mldh dk;Z{kerk dks fodflr djus rFkk cuk, j[kus esa l{ke gSAa os y{;ksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, lajpuk,Wa cukus vkSj lalk/kuksa dks tqVkus esa Hkh l{ke gSAa nwljksa ds lkFk usr`Ro dks Hkh lk>k djus esa l{ke gSAa iz/kkukpk;Z dsoy fu;e dkuwu dks ikyu djus okyk u gksdj vius Vhe ds çHkkoh usr`Ro ds fy, Hkh mÙkjnk;h gSA og çHkkoh funsZ'k ds lkFk viuh Vhe dks fodflr djrk gSAiz/kkukpk;Z f'k{kk ds fy, okrkoj.k cukus esa lgk;rk djrk gS rkfd lHkh Nk= vdknfed lekurk çkIr dj ldsAa U;kn'kZ& izLrqr 'kks/k dk;Z ds nÙk ladyu dk;Z gsrq jktLFkku jkT; ds fofHkUu ftyksa ds 500 jktdh; mPp ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa ds 500 iz/kkukpk;ksZa dk p;u fd;k x;k] ftuesa ls 250 iq:"k iz/kkukpk;ksZa o 250 efgyk iz/kkukpk;ksZa dks 'kkfey fd;k x;kA fof/k& bl'kks/k v/;;u esa 'kks/kd=hZ }kjk losZ{k.k fof/k dk iz;ksx fd;k x;kA midj.k& bl gsrq 'kks/kd=hZ }kjk LofufeZr ^^eqDr 'kSf{kd lalk/kuksa ds izfr tkx:drk ekiuh** dk iz;ksx fd;k x;kA lkaf[;dh& 'kks/k dk;Z gsrq 'kks/kd=hZ }kjk lkaf[;dh ds :i esa e/;eku] ekud fopyu ,oa Vh&ijh{k.k dk iz;ksx fd;k x;kA Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Jherh fdj.k fc’uksbZ

13918

(Pg. 13916-13921)

'kks/k ds mís';& 1- jktLFkku jkT; ds jktdh; mPp ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa ds xzkeh.k o 'kgjh iz/kkukpk;ksZa dh eqDr 'kSf{kd lalk/kuksa ds izfr tkx:drk dk v/;;u djukA 2- jktLFkku jkT; ds jktdh; mPp ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa ds iq:"k o efgyk iz/kkukpk;ksZa dh eqDr 'kSf{kd lalk/kuksa ds izfr tkx:drk dk v/;;u djukA fo’ys"k.k&

lkj.kh la[;k&4-1 lewg

la[;k

e/;eku

ekud&fopyu

xzkeh.k

250

168-53

20-44

'kgjh

250

170-12

20-22

¼iz/kkukpk;Z½

Vh&ewY; 0-87

lkFkZdrk Lrj lkFkZd vUrj ugha gSA

lkj.kh la[;k 4-1 ds vuqlkj jktLFkku jkT; ds jktdh; mPp ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa ds xzkeh.k o 'kgjh iz/kkukpk;ksZa dh eqDr 'kSf{kd lalk/kuksa ds izfr tkx:drk ds izkIrkadksa dk e/;eku Øe’k% 168-53 vkSj 170-12 gSA bu nksuksa lewgksa dk ekud fopyu Øe’k% 20-44 vkSj 20-22 gS rFkk nksuksa ds e/;ekuksa ds vUrj dk Vh&ewY; 0-87 gSA izkIr Vh&eku Lora=rk dh dksfV 498 ij 0-05 ds fo’okl ewY; 1-64 rFkk 0-01 ds fo’okl ewY; 2-33 ls de gSA vr% jktLFkku jkT; ds jktdh; mPp ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa ds xzkeh.k o 'kgjh iz/kkukpk;ksZa dh eqDr 'kSf{kd lalk/kuksa ds izfr tkx:drk esa lkFkZd vUrj ugha ik;k tkrk gSA

200.00

171.09 168.32

150.00 100.00 20.32

50.00

21.2

0.00 e/;eku

ekud fopyu

iq:"k iz/kkukpk;Z efgyk iz/kkukpk;Z

Jherh fdj.k fc’uksbZ

13919

(Pg. 13916-13921)

lkj.kh la[;k&4-2 lewg

la[;k

e/;eku

ekud&fopyu

iq:"k

250

171-09

20-32

efgyk

250 168-32

21-20

¼iz/kkukpk;Z½

Vh&ewY; 1-49

lkFkZdrk Lrj lkFkZd vUrj ugha gSA

lkj.kh la[;k 4-2 ds vuqlkj jktLFkku jkT; ds jktdh; mPp ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa ds iq:"k o efgyk iz/kkukpk;ksZa dh eqDr 'kSf{kd lalk/kuksa ds izfr tkx:drk ds izkIrkadksa dk e/;eku Øe’k% 171-09 vkSj 168-32 gSA bu nksuksa lewgksa dk ekud fopyu Øe’k% 20-32 vkSj 21-20 gS rFkk nksuksa ds e/;ekuksa ds vUrj dk Vh&ewY; 1-49 gSA izkIr Vh&eku Lora=rk dh dksfV 498 ij 0-05 ds fo’okl ewY; 1-64 rFkk 0-01 ds fo’okl ewY; 2-33 ls de gSA vr% jktLFkku jkT; ds jktdh; mPp ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa ds iq:"k o efgyk iz/kkukpk;ksZa dh eqDr 'kSf{kd lalk/kuksa ds izfr tkx:drk esa lkFkZd vUrj ugha ik;k tkrk gSA

200.00

171.09 168.32

150.00 100.00 20.32

50.00

21.2

0.00 e/;eku

ekud fopyu

iq:"k iz/kkukpk;Z efgyk iz/kkukpk;Z

Jherh fdj.k fc’uksbZ

13920

(Pg. 13916-13921)

lanHkZ xzUFk lwph

vxzoky] ds- lh-

¼2007½-^fo|ky; iz'kklu*] vk;Z cqd fMiks] fnYyhA

vLFkkuk MkW- fo- ¼2009½- euksfoKku vkSj f’k{kk esa ekiu ,oa ewY;kadu] Jh fouksn iqLrd efUnj] vkxjk&2,fyl] vkj-,l- ¼1951½-,T;qds'ku lkbdksykWth A tSu] fd'kupan ¼1999½-^'kSf{kd laxBu] iz'kklu ,oa i;Zos{k.k*] jktLFkku fgUnh xzUFk vdkneh] t;iqjA ckxZ okYVj vkj- ¼1965½- ,twds’ku fjlpZ bu bUVªksMD’ku] ubZ fnYyh] MsfoM

flDdh

dEiuh] ubZ fnYyhA jk;] ikjlukFk ¼2007½-^'kSf{kd iz'kklu ,oa fo|ky; laxBu*] y{eh ukjk;.k vxzoky] vkxjkA Agrawal, J.C. (1983). Educational Research, N.Delhi, Arya Book Depot. Allen, I., & Seaman, J. (2016). Opening the textbook: Educational resources in U.S. higher education,2015-16. Report published by Babson Survey Research Group. Armellini, A., & Nie, M. (2013). Open educational practices for curriculum enhancement. Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning,28(1), 7–20. doi:10.1080/02680513.2013.796286 Barr, A.S., (1959).„Research Methods‟, in Chester W.Harris (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of Educational Research, New York, Macmillan. Hilton III, J. L., Gaudet, D., Clark, P., Robinson, J., & Wiley, D. (2013). The adoption of open educational resources by one community college math department. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning,14(4), 37–50. doi:10.19173/irrodl.v14i4.1523 Hilton, J. (2016). Open educational resources and college textbook choices: A review of research on eﬃcacy and perceptions. Educational Technology Research and Development,64(4), 573–590.doi:10.1007/s11423-016-9434-9. Landrum, R. E., Gurung, R. A., & Spann, N. (2012). Assessments of textbook usage and the relationship to student course performance. College Teaching, 60(1), 17-24. doi: 10.1080/87567555.2011.609573 Mallinson, B., & Krull, G. (2015). An OER online course remixing experience. Open Praxis,7(3),263–271. doi:10.5944/openpraxis.7.3.195 Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Jherh fdj.k fc’uksbZ

13921

(Pg. 13916-13921) Nicholas, A.J. and Lewis, J.K. (2010). Learning Enhancement or Headache: Faculty and Etextbooks. Proceedings of the Northeast Business & Economics Association (pp. 675680). Perry, M. (2012). The college textbook bubble and how the “open educational resources” movement is going up against the textbook cartel. American Enterprise Institute. Reed, Kathleen (2014). Awareness of open access issues differs among faculty at institutions of different sizes. Evidence Based Library and Information Practice, 9(4), 76-77. Santosh, Gema; Ferran, Nuria; Abadal, Ernest (2017) Repositories of open educational resources an assessment of reuse and educational aspects. International Reviews of Research in Open and Distance Learning 18(5). Doi:10.19173/irrodl.v18i5.3063 Wiley, D. (2018). The OER Adoption Impact Calculator, version 1.2. Retrieved from http://impact.lumenlearning.com/ Zhang, M., & Li, Y. (2017). Teaching experience on faculty members‟ perceptions about the attributes of Open Educational Resources (OER). International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning,12(4), 191–199. doi:10.3991/ijet.v12i04.6638. Webliography:http://openedgroup.org/review http:// openedgroup.org/toolkit http://www.oro.open.ac.uk http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/905 https://oer15.oerconf.org