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Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language, Online ISSN 2348-3083, SJ IMPACT FACTOR 2019: 6.251, www.srjis.com PEER REVIEWED & REFERRED JOURNAL, AUG-SEPT, 2019, VOL- 7/35

,oa euksjatu Dheeraj Kumar Assistant Professor – Physical Education, Km Mayavati Government Girls P. G. College Badalpur, Gautam BuddhNagar; U.P. e-mail: kalinadheeraj@gmail.com

Abstract

lh[kuk dksbZ u;k dk;Z ugha gS(

d`r gks vkSj okn dh fØ;kvksa esa iqu% izdV gksrh gksA ,d

vkSj vlQy izfrfØ;kvksa dks R;kx nsrk gSA bl izdkj O;fDr u,&u, O;ogkj lh[k ysrk gS O;ogkj dks izsfjr djus okyh izfØ;kvksa esa okº; iqf"Vdj.k egRoiw.kZ lk/ku gksrk gS vkSj LokHkkfod izsj.kk egRoiw.kZ dkjdA ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd okº; iqjLdkj O;oLFkk dk vf/kd le; rd izHkko jgrk gS] euksoSKkfudksa dk dFku gS fd ftl izdkj iqjLdkj mikns;rk gksrh gS] vkSj og lHkh i{kksa ls layXu jgrk gSA dzhM+k] euksfoKku] ] euksfouksn] lgHkkfxrkA Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

rF; foospuk ,ao fu"d"kZ% ØhM+k( orZeku lkekftd lajpuk esa fofHkuu yksxksa ds fy;s vyx&vyx vFkZcks/k fØ;k dk fuekZ.k djrh gS ijUrq bu vFkZcks/kksa esa ,d lkeUtL; dh vuqHkwfr Hkh dh tk ldrh gSA [ksyus ds orZeku ØhM+k dks ,d oSpkfjd i`" mi;ksx Hkh fd;k

k [ksy gS vkSj fofHkUu ØhM+kvksa dh la;qDrrk

vfHku;] [ksy vkSj ØhM+k( euksjatu ds :i esa izfrLFk

Vrk;sa gSa ftudk

mi;ksx oS;fDrd ;k lkewfgd xq.k ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gSA yqbftaxk ¼1955½1 us vfHku; ds V djrs gq, dgk gS fd ;g og fØ;k gS tks fdlh HkkSfrd ykHk ls tqM+h ugha gksrhA bldh viuh le; ,oa LFkku dh lhek;sa gS ftlds fu;e vkSj Øe lfØ; ;ksxnku nsrs gSaA nwljh vksj dSyks;l ¼1961½2 us vfHku; dh mi;qZDr oSpkfjdh dk lekykspukRed foospu djrs gq, ;g Li"V fd;k gS fd vfHku; og fØ;k gS tks Lora=] vyx] [ksyksa ls lk

k :i esa lEcfU/kr gSA

Dheeraj Kumar (Pg. 9464-9470)

9465

{k.kksa esa bls djrk gSA dqN fd vfHku

"k esa lhfer gksrk gSA vfHku; dk xq.k( ØhM+k ds fy;s

dky vkSj ifj.kke ds vfHku; Lo;a esa fdlh u;s HkkSfrd inkFkZ dk fuekZ.k ugha djrk( tcfd dqN [ksyksa vkSj ØhM+kvksa esa /ku dk vknku iznku fd;k tkrk gSA ijUrq [ksy oLrqr% viuh izd`fr esa vuqi;ksfxrkoknh gksrk gSA 3 lHkh [ksy( fu;eksa ls vkc) gksrs gSa pkgs vkSipkfjd gksa ;k vukSipkfjdA ;g lq>ko fn;k tkrk gS fd ØhM+k dks lkekU;r% [ksyksa ls vyx fd;k tk ldrk gS D;ksafd os fofHkUu izdkj ds fu;eksa vkSj mifu;eksa ls ca/ks gksrs gSaA4 ØhM+k ,d laLFkkfir [ksy gS( ,d lkekftd laLFkk( vkSj fLFkfr Hkh gSA izLrqr v/;k; ds vUrxZr ekud

Vrkvksa ds lanHkZ esa ladfyr izkFkfed rF;ksa dk foospu fd;k

x;k gSA ØhM+k mi;ksx ds lanHkZ esa vizR;{k miHkksx dh izo`fRr vf/kd ik;h tkrh gS ijUrq bl lanHkZ esa okLrfod lead miyC/k ugha gSA ØhM+k ds lanHkZ esa Vsyhfotu] jsfM;ksa ,oa i<+us vkSj ckrphr djus okyksa dh la[;k dk fu/

k.k ds n`f"Vdks.k ls djuk nq"dj gksrk gSA

eSdQjlu ¼1992½5 us vizR;{k ØhM+k miHkksx ds mi;qZDr pkjksa izdkjksa ds vk/kkj ij dukMk ds ØhM+k k.k fd;k gSA mldk dguk Fkk fd vizR;{k miHkksx ds izdkj( fyax ds vuqlkj vyx&vyx gksrs gSaA lkekU;r% Vsyhfotu vkSj jsfM;ks ds ek/;e ls efgyk vkSj iq:"k nksuksa vizR;{k ØhM+k miHkksx djrs gSaA ykWch vkSj gSjkYM ¼1992½6 dk Hkh dFku gS fd izR;{k dh vis{kk vizR;{k ØhM+ euksjatu }kjk djrs gSaA Vsyhfotu ds vfrfjDr fof ØhM+k miHkksx ds voljksa esa o`f) djus esa lg;ksx jgs gSaA nSfud] lkIrkfgd] ikf{kd] ekfld [ksy miyC/k gSaA7 miHkksDrk( [ksy dk izR;{k ;k vizR;{k miHkksx viuh lkekftd&vkfFkZd izfLFkfr ds vuqlkj djrk gSA izfro"kZ f[kykM+h nyksa vkSj [ksyksa dh c<+rh gqbZ la[;k ds QyLo:i yxHkx gj le; dksbZ Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Dheeraj Kumar (Pg. 9464-9470)

9466

u dksbZ [ksy gksrk jgrk gSA miHkksDrk [ksy dk miHkksx viuh vkfFkZd fLFkfr ds vuqlkj djrk gSA rkRi;Z ;g fd miHkksx dk volj] miHkksDrk dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr ls izHkkfor gksrk gSA izR;sd [ksy dks ns[kus okyksa esa iq:"k ,oa efgykvksa dh la[;k fHkUu&fHkUu gks ldrh gSA fuYlsu ¼1991½8 ds vuqlkj V [ksyksa dks( iq:"kksa dh vis{kk efgyk;sa vf/kd ns[krh gSaA [ksy miHkksx( oSokfgd izfLFkfr ls Hkh izHkkfor gksrk gSA tks yksx vdsys gksrs gSa os fookfgrksa dh vis{kk [ksy miHkksx izR;{k :i esa vf/kd djrs gSaA Bhd mlh izdkj fookfgr( ØhM+k ¼[ksy½ dk vizR;{k miHkksx vf/kd djrs gSa] D;ksafd ;g x`g dsfUnzr fØ;k dyki gksrk gSA [ksy miHkksx dks izHkkfor djus okyk ,d vU; dkj.k vk;q Hkh gSA fuylsu ¼1971½9 dk dFku gS fd 35 o"kZ ls de vk;q ds iq:"k vf/kd [ksy ns[krs gSaA 35 ls 49 o"kZ ds vk;q lewg okys yksx vius jkstxkj ,oa Hkh [ksy miHkksx ds rjhdksa dks izHkkfor djrs gSaA dsU;ku ¼1966½10 us vius v/;;u ds vUrxZr ik;k fd fuEu lkekftd&vkfFkZd Lrj okys yksx( vU; yksxksa dh vis{kk de [ksy ns[krs gSaA ijUrq vizR;{k [ksy miHkksx vkSj lkekftd vkfFkZd i`"BHkwfe esa dksbZ lEcU/k ugha ik;k x;k gSA vafre dkjd( tks fd fo|ky; ds Nk=ksa dh izR;{k mifLFk

k ;k LVsfM;e gSA

bl izdkj ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd miHkksDrk dh lkekftd vkfFkZd izfLFkfr vFkok mldh i`"BHkwfe ds dkjd mlds miHkksx dh izd`fr vkSj rkSj rjhdksa dks izHkkfor djrs gSaA fQj Hkh mi;qZDr dkjd tSls vk;q] fyax vkSj lkekftd&vkfFkZd i`"BHkwfe vkfn ØhM+k lgHkkfxrk dh vis{kk ØhM+k miHkksx esa de izHkkodkjh gSaA lkekU;r%

kk;sa nh x;h gSaA ykW; ¼1968½11

kr djrs

gq, dgk gS fd ;g og O;fDr gS tks fdlh ØhM+k esa mPp oS;fDrd yxko j[krk gS vkSj mlds izfr mPp oS;fDrd leiZ.k dh Hkkouk j[krk gSA fLujsM ¼1970%1½12 tks ,slh

k ØhM+k iz?kVuk dks okLrfod :i ls u ns[krs gq,] mlds

lanHkZ esa u i<+rs gq, vkSj u lqurs gq, Hkh mlds ckjs esa lksprk jgrk gks] ckr djrk jgrk gks vkSj mldh vksj mUeq[k gksA fLiujkM ¼1970½13 ¼1½

ØhM+k( izfrfuf/k Li/kkZ dh ;a= jpuk ds :i esa dk;Z djrh gS]

¼2½

ØhM+k(uk;dksa ,oa LFkkuh; leqnk; ds lkFk ,d:irk LFkkfir dj ;g vkfRed vkuan iznku djrh gS]

¼3½

k dh j.khuhfr vkSj blds bfrgkl ds lanHkZ esa Kku laxzfgr dj ;g O;fDr dks bl ;ksX; cukrh gS ftlls fd og milaLd`fr ds ikSjkf.kd dFkkvksa esa lgHkkxh cukrk gS]

Dheeraj Kumar (Pg. 9464-9470)

¼4½

9467

;g O;fDr;ksa dks bl ;ksX; cukrh gS fd og leadksa dk ,d lewg cuk;s vkSj mlds ek/;e ls ØhM+k esa viuh vfHk:fp cuk;s j[ks]

¼5½

f[kykM+h ;k ny ds lanHkZ esa ;qfDr;qDr okn&fookn gsrq izsfjr djrh gS]

¼6½

ny ds lapkyu esa ;qfDr;q ykW; ¼1970½14 us }Srh;d vkadM+ksa ds vk/kkj ij ;g Li"V fd;k gS fd ØhM+k esa pkj izdkj ds

naxs gksrs

V izfrfØ;k izfrekuksa ij vk/kkfjr gSaA buesa fuEufyf[kr

izfrfØ;k;sa vkrh gSa& ¼v½

f[kykM+h vFkok mlds ny dks uqdlku igqapkus okys fu.kZ;ksa ds izfrjks/k esa O;Dr fd;k x;k mRrstukRed izfrjks/k]

¼c½ ¼l½

tgka HkhM+ dks oS;fDrd Lrj ij lfEefyr gksus dk volj izkIr ugha gksrk]

¼n½ Dysueku ¼1960½15 us gkbZLdwy ckLdsVcky dh HkhM+ ds O;ogkj dks izHkkfor djus okys dkjdksa dk

gksrh gSaA loZJh cjlku vkSj tkfoZl ¼1971½16 us dukMk ds Nk=ksa ds v/;;u ds vk/kkj ij ;g er ldkjkRed lEcU/k gksrk gSA vkius uo;qok [ksy izsfe;ksa ds fy;s vUrfoZ|kyh; ØhM+kvksa esa lgHkkfxrk ds pkj ifj.kke cryk;s gSa& ¼1½

fo|ky; ds vk;kstuksa ds vU; i{kksa ds lkFk n`<+ lehdj.k]

¼2½ ¼3½

fo|ky; ds vanj vkSj ckgj lkekftd O;ogkjksa esa fo?kVu dh deh]

¼4½

fo|ky; esa ØhM+kvksa esa lQyrk izkfIr rFkk f[kykfM+;ksa dh lgHkkfxrk ij ldkjkRed izHkko A

rRlEcfU/kr fu"d" ØhM+k mi;ksx( izR;{k ;k vizR;{k fdl izdkj ls vf/kd gksrk gS\

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rkfydk ua- ¼1½ % ^^ØhM+k dk mi;ksx fdl izdkj vf/kd gksrk gS\ izR;{k vFkok vizR;{k** ds lanHkZ esa f[kykM+h mRrjnkrkvksa ds fopkj Øekad

mi;ksx dk izdkj

lgerksa dh la[;k

izR;{k izdkj ls

135

45-00

vizR;{k izdkj ls

165

55-00

dqy ;ksx

300

izLrqr rkf

100-00 V gksrk gS fd dqy 300 f[kykM+h mRrjnkrkvksa

us ;g LohdkjksfDr;ka dh gSa fd ØhM+k dk mi;ksx@miHkksx vizR;{k izdkj ls vf/kd gksrk gS] tcfd ØhM+k dk miHkksx izR;{k izdkj ls vf/kd gksrk gS( ,sls , gSaA bu izkFkfed rF;ksa ls Li"V gksrk gS fd ØhM+k dk miHkksx vizR;{k izdkj ls vf/kd gksrk gS ftlds izeq[k lk/ku ¼ek/;e½ jsfM;ks] Vsyhfotu] lekpkj&i=] if=dk,a] i<+us rFkk ckrphr djus okys gksrs gSaA vkSj izR;{k miHkksx dk izR;{k ek/;e ØhM+k@[ksydwnksa dk mi;ksx djrs gSaA ;g iwNs tkus ij fd Vsyhfotu ds vfrfjDr] dkSu&dkSu ls lk/ku@L=ksr [ksy miHkksx ds voljksa esa o`f) djrs gSa\ losZ{k.k dky esa lHkh 300 lwpuknkrkvksa }kjk nh x;h tkudkjh ij fuEu rkfydk uarkfydk ua- ¼2½ % Vsyhfotu ds vfrfjDr [ksy miHkksx ds voljksa esa o`f) djus ds L=ksr@lk/ku( f[kykM+h mRrjnkrkvksa ds vuqlkj Øekad 1

voljksa esa o`f) djus okys L=ksr@lk/ku

la[;k

[ksy if=dk,a ¼lkIrkfgd] ikf{kd] ekfld½

195

65-00

14-00

21-00

dqy ;ksx

300

izlaxk/khu izLr

100-00

V gS fd losZf{kr dqy 300 f[kykM+h rkfgd] ikf{kd

rFkk ekfld [ksy if=dk,a( ØhM+k miHkksx ds voljksa esa o`f) djus ds L=ksr gSa] 63¼21 khd`r ¼cgqvk;keh½ [ksy if=dkvksa dks vkSj 42¼14 mRrjnkrkvksa us ;g Hkh crk;k fd vk/kqfud lekt Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Dheeraj Kumar (Pg. 9464-9470)

9469

ØhM+k miHkksx ds voljksa esa o`f) djus esa lg;ksxh gSaA ØhM+k@[ksy izk;% nks izdkj ¼

s"k [ksy( ds gksrs gSaA lHkh 300 f[kykM+h

mRrjnkrkvksa ls ;g Hkh tkudkjh gkfly dh x;h gS fd&^bu nksuksa esa ls fdl izdkj ds [ksyksa esa mifLFkr gksus okyksa dh la[;k vf/kd gS\* losZ{k.k ls izkIr izkFkfed rF;ksa ij fuEu rkfydk laf{kIr rkfydk ua-

\* f[kykM+h mRrjnkrkvksa ds vfHker@fopkj ¼izR;qRrj½

Øekad 1

la[;k fu;fer ekSleh [ksyksa esa

90 esa

dqy ;ksx izlaxk/khu izLr

210

30-00 70-00

300

100-00

k.k ls Li"V gksrk gS fd dqy 300 f[kykM+h

kZ LFkkfir fd;k tk ldrk gS& ^^fu;fer ekSleh [ks

V izdkj ds [ksyksa esa

f[kykM+h mRrjnkrkvksa ls ;g iwNs tkus ij fd& ^^D;k ØhM+k@[ksy dk miHkksx( miHkksDrk dh lkekftd&vkfFkZd fLFkfr ij fuHkZj djrk gS\ izR;qRrjksa ij fuEu rkfydk uarkfydk ua- ¼4½ % ^^D;k ØhM+k@[ksy dk miHkksx( miHkksDrk dh lkekftd& vkfFkZd fLFkfr ij fuHkZj djrk gS\ Øekad

la[;k

^^gk¡**

^^ugha**

09-00

mnklhu vfHker

20-00

vuqRrfjr

01-67

dqy ;ksx

208

300

69-33

100-00

Dheeraj Kumar (Pg. 9464-9470)

9470

izLrqr rkfydk ua- ¼4½ ds vUrxZr dqy 300 f[kykM+h mRrjnkrkvksa } V gksrk gS fd 208¼69-

mRrjnkrkvksa us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd [ksy dk

miHkksx( miHkksDrk dh lkekftd&vkfFkZd fLFkfr ij fuHkZj djrk gS( udkjkRed mRrj iznku djus -67

od rF;ksa

kZ izfrLFkkfir fd, tk ldrs gSa& ¼1½

^^ØhM+k@[ksy dk miHkksx ¼mi;ksx½( miHkksDrk dh lkekftd&vkfFkZd fLFkfr ij fuHkZj djrk gSA**

¼2½ ¼3½

miHkksx dk volj] miHkksDrk dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr ls izHkkfor gksrk gSA V [ksyksa dks ?kj cSBs&cSBs] iq:"kksa dh vis{kk efgyk,a vf/kd ns[krh gSaA

References Luizinga, John; „Hom Lidem‟ (Home Leisure), Boston Press and Co. Boston, 1955, p.60-61. Kailous A.E.; The Significance of Physical Activity as a Fuction of Age, Sex, Education & SocioEconomic Status of Nothern United State‟s Adults; International Review of Sport Sociology, 1961, (1) 41. Luizinga J. (et. al); A Look at sports, Combridge University Press, London. Long G.E.; A Study to Determine the Reactors that Influence the Behaviour of Sport Crowds; Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Physical Education, The Ohio State University Press, London. Mac-phrson B.E.; Socialization into the Role of Sport Consumer : A Theory & Model, International Review of Sport Sociology, 1992, (30) 172. Lowe B. & Harreld R.D.; The Student as Sport consumer, Cambridge Univ. Press, London, 1992, p.40-41. Maharotra Pankaj; University Sport & Recreation; Magazine of the College of Physical Education, Devi Ahilya University, Indore (M.P.), 1997, p.67. Nielsen A.E.; The Frustation Aggression, American Journal of Sociology, 1991 (45) : 63. …….………..; Ibid, 1971, p.30-31. Kenyon G.S.; The Factors Affecting Sport Consumer, Magazine of National College of Physical Education, Published Paper, New Jersey, 1966, p.10. Lay J.W.; The Nature of Sport : A Definitional Effort Quest.; 10 May 1968, p-1. Spinard W.; Ibid, 1997, Sept. p-1. Spinard W.; „Some Concepts‟ Regarding Sport, International Review of Sport Sociology, 1970, (5), 25-26. Long G.E.; “Riotour Qutbursts in Sport Events”, Published Paper, Seventh World Congress, (I.S.A.), Bulgaria, 1970, p.20-21.