HOUSTON METHODIST WEST HOSPITAL MEDICAL GUIDE 201͕
Heart Attack
3
EARLY WARNING SIGNS OF A HEART ATTACK PAIN, in one form or another, always accompanies a heart attack. It can be anything from a mild ache to unbearable pressure. When severe, pain is often felt as being constricting and vicelike. Pain may even be described as a band being tightened
Localized just under the breastbone or in larger area of mid-chest or entire upper chest.
Mid-chest and inside arms: left arm and shoulder more frequent than right
Common combination mid-chest, neck and jaw
Upper abdomen where most often mistaken for indigestion
Early warning signs
How to cut the risk Studies show that the danger of heart attack and stroke increases with the number of risk factors present.
s High blood cholesterol
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Inside right arm from armpit to below elbow, inside left arm to waist, left arm and shoulder more frequent than right.
Between shoulder blades
s How to do CPR s How to get medical help (call 911) Knowing these things, you should: s Help the victim to the most comfortable position - usually sitting, with legs up and bent at the knees.
YOU ARE IN CONTROL! Practice prudent heart living to reduce your risk of heart attack and stroke.
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Lower center neck, to both sides of upper neck and jaw from ear to ear
You can best help – possibly save a life – if you know in advance: s The nearest emergency center equipped to handle cardiac emergencies
RISK FACTORS THAT CANNOT BE CHANGED s Heredity s Sex s Race s Age
s High blood pressure s Diabetes s Excessive weight s Exercise s Stress
Larger area of chest, neck, jaw and inside arms.
How to survive a heart attack
None of the symptoms below is conclusive proof of a heart attack. The more signs and symptoms present, the more likely it is that the patient is undergoing a heart attack. s Chest discomfort s Difficulty breathing s Sweating (cold) s Weakness s Nausea and vomiting s Paleness s Anxiety and denial
RISK FACTORS THAT CAN BE CHANGED s Cigarette smoking
around the chest. Pain also often includes the burning or bloated sensation that usually accompanies indigestion. Pain may be continuous and then might subside – DO NOT IGNORE it if it does. It could be in any one or a combination of the locations shown below.
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s Phone for medical help. s Loosen clothing around the neck and midriff. s Be calm and reassuring; keep the patient calm. s If the victim is a known cardiac patient, have
him take three NITROGLYCERIN tablets within 10 minutes, approximately one tablet every three minutes. If the pain persists ...
s Comfort the victim and be prepared to initiate the ABCs of EMERGENCY ACTION.
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4
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
ADULT CPR
Infants and children
s Establish unresponsiveness and call out for help. Place victim on a hard surface.
s Establish unresponsiveness and call
s Open the airway using the Head Tilt-Chin Lift
technique. Establish the breathlessness (look, listen and feel for air exchange).
s Give two slow breaths (1 to 1 1/2 seconds per breath). Breaths are given with a pause between for the rescuer to take a breath and to observe if the victim has exhaled.
Check for breathing
out for help. s Open airway and establish breathlessness (look, listen and feel). s Give two slow breaths covering the nose and mouth s Repeat lung inhalations 20 times per Give two slow breaths minute, one ventilation every four seconds, 15 lung inflations per minute, for the CHILD.
s Check for pulse (carotid pulse). If absent, phone for medical help. s Finding correct hand placement is important.
With the middle and index fingers of one hand, find the notch where the ribs meet the breastbone Open airway (sternum). Place the middle finger on the notch with the index finger next to it.
s Place the heel of the other
hand on the sternum next to and above your index finer. At this point, move your fingers from the notch and Give two slow breaths place this hand directly on top of the hand that is already on the sternum so that both hands are parallel and directed away from you. Do not compress over the ribs! Place hands over sternum, not the s Compress the chest 15 times at a depth of 1 1/2 to 2 inches at a rate of 80 to 100 times per minute, while counting out Chest compressions loud, “one and two and three . . .�
s Give two full breaths after each group of 15 compressions. s Deliver four cycles of 15 compressions and two ventilations followed by 15 compressions.
s Check for return of pulse and spontaneous breathing. If absent, resume with two ventilations followed by 15 compressions.
s Continue CPR until victim is revived or qualified help arrives. G.F.A.I., the copyright owner, the Loewen Group, Inc., and or any other organization making this guide available to you, assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of the information contained within the guide. If you have any questions, please consult a physician or emergency services authorities.
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Compression position for infants
INFANT To find correct placement, use two or three fingers one inch below the nipple, on the center of the breastbone. Compress the chest 1/2 inch to 1 inch five times between ventilation at a Check for brachial pulse. rate of 100 times per minute.
CHILD (less than 9 years old) Same as for adult. Compress the chest 1 to 1 1/2 inches at a rate of 80 to 100 times per minute. s Give one ventilation after each five compressions. s Continue CPR uninterrupted until victim is revived or qualified help arrives.
Use your index finger and
forefinger for infant CPR. IMPORTANT Keep up CPR until help arrives to relieve you. Remember, you are doing the breathing for the victim. IRREVERSIBLE BRAIN DAMAGE AND/OR DEATH CAN OCCUR WITHIN 4-6 MINUTES IF RESCUE BREATHING IS NOT PERFORMED.
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BREAKING
NEW GROUND IN HEALTH CARE. AND IN KATY. Announcing our latest commitment to innovation and to the community: an $85 million expansion of Memorial Hermann Katy Hospital. Over the next two years, we are making incredible changes. Including a 100,000-square-foot professional office building and a 229,000-square-foot patient tower. Additional surgery suites, intensive and intermediate care units, an expanded Emergency Center, sports medicine, diagnostic imaging, endoscopy and women’s services, including a neonatal intensive care unit and new postpartum and labor & delivery suites. Expect cutting-edge technologies and world-class care. For Katy and for your health. memorialhermann.org
6
Drowning/Toothache/Earache
One of the major causes of death in America is drowning. Because they have stopped breathing, drowning victims can die within 4-6 minutes. s BegIN RESCUE BREATHING UPON rEACHING THE VICTIM in THE water evEN IF severAL MINUTES have elapsed.
Never move an injured person before an experienced ambulance team or physician examines the victim, unless you must in order to remove him from danger. Begin the ABCs of EMERGENCY ACTION.
Pulling the victim to safety
s /NCE ON SHORE folloW THE ABCs of EMERGENCY ACTION. Move THE HEAD OR NECK AS LITTLE AS POSSIBLE BECAUSE of THE POSSIBILITY OF A BROKEN neck. s Have SOMEONE PHONE fOR MEDICAL help. s Don’T aTTEMPT TO DRAIN wATER FROM THE victim’S lungs. s )F yOU CANNOT venTILATE AFTER twO aTTEMPTS TREAT AS cHOKING and
USE aBDOMINAL THRUSTS (EIMLICH ManeuvER AND CONTINUE rescue breathing.
s EVEN IF THE VICTIMS SEEMS ALL RIGHT, INSIST HE/SHE BE SEEN AT AN EMERGENCY FACILITY. NEAR DROWNING CAN BE FATAL HOURS AFTER THE INCIDENT OCCURS. Remember: Do not leave the victim alone under any circumstances. Use the ABCs of Emergency Action for drowning victims.
If absolutely necessary, an injured person may be pulled by holding him under the shoulders.
PULL THE vICTIM EITHER BY THE fEET OR BY THE SHOULDERS 0ROTECT the NECK FROM excessive movEMENT AND tHE HEAD FROM INJURY AS you move THE person.
Lifting the victim to safety #HECK fOR INJURIES BEFORE LIFTING THE INJURED PERSON TO safety All PARTS OF THE INJURED BODY SHOULD BE SUPPORTED wHILE LIFTING Keep THE BODY IN A STRAIGHT LINE NOT BENT DURING LIFTING OF THE victim.
Earache Prompt treatment requires diagnosis of the underlying cause. Consult a physician. s FOR TEMPORARY rELIEF LIE doWN AND elevaTE THE HEAD ON several pilloWS 0LACE A HOT waTER BOTTLE OR HEATING PAD ovER THE EAR and THE SIDE OF THE head.
Toothache s FOR TEMPORARY RELIEF OF A TOOTHACHE THAT IS THE rESULT OF A cavity, cLEAN THE TOOTH WITH A COTTON SWAB THEN PACK THE TOOTH WITH A bit OF STERILE COTTON soakED WITH AN ANESTHETIC solution. s )F THE PAIN IS IN SOME PART OF THE GUMS OR jaw, HOLD A HOT
wATER BOTTLE OR ICE PACK TO THE fACE ON THE SIDE THAT ACHES Aspirin MAY hELP relieve THE PAIN temporarily. 3EE A DENTIST AS SOON as possible. Hea eallt ltth hy LLIIV
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s $O NOT blow THE NOSE HARD Don’T blow WITH ONE NOSTRIL cLOSED s Don’T USE EAR DROPS OINTMENTS OR HEATED OIL UNLESS prescribed BY A doctor .OSE DROPS AQUEOUS NOT OILY MAY rEDUCE nasal SWELLING AND HELP relieve EAR DISTRESS CheWING ON GUM ALSO may relieve EARACHE symptoms.
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Broken Bones/Sprains In most cases, broken bones are not life-threatening. If you suspect a person of having a broken bone, keep him calm and call for help. Victims should not be moved, unless they are in immediate danger of further injury.
Examine the injury site for: Severe pain upon touch Swelling Deformity Pulse beyond the injury site Bone ends either through or below the skin
Then:
7 Sprains are injuries to soft tissues surrounding joints, with stretching and sometimes tearing of ligaments, muscles, tendons and blood vessels. Ankles, fingers, wrists and knees are most commonly affected. s If the sprain seems severe, or if you have reason to suspect a fracture, splint the part and treat it as you would a fracture.
s To minimize swelling, elevate and apply cold compresses.
Cold helps contract blood vessels and tends to reduce swelling and pain.
s In mild sprains, keep the injured part immobilized and raised for at least 24 hours, continuing the cold application.
s If swelling and pain persist, get medical help.
s Phone for medical help. s Keep the injured site immobilized until help arrives. If you
must move the victim, splint the injured limb above and below the suspected fracture. s Never straighten out a fractured bone. A medical person is qualified for this critical treatment. s The victims should not be walking. Keep the victim flat on the floor, or in bed until he is examined by medical personnel.
Fainting s Lie the person flat, with his head down and his feet raised slightly. Loosen clothing at the neck and chest.
s Give him plenty of air. Most times a fainting victim will come
around right away. If the victim does not respond immediately, implement the ABCs of EMERGENCY ACTION and phone for medical help.
s A patient who merely feels faint should sit in a chair and lower his head between his knees, or lie down with his feet higher than his head.
Shock Leg splint
Shock can accompany severe injury, emotional trauma, extensive infection and heart attack. s The patient is pale, his skin is cold and clammy, his breathing quick and irregular and his pulse fast. He should be lying down with his head low and hips and legs raised if uninjured.
Newspaper splint
s Keep him/her warm. s Phone for help immediately. s Give the victim reassurance and keep him calm and quiet until medical assistance arrives.
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er 26 medical report Wilson, the FOXa whole lot easier ng in with Melissa eating INSIDE: Checkib iness makes healthier
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8
Electric Shock/Vital Signs
Common household current can cause cardiac arrest. Known as electrocution, which is fatal in the most severe state, electric shock can be deadly. s Be cautious around all electrical appliances and wiring. Keep small children away from electrical power cords and outlets. s If a person has come in contact with or touched electricity, DO NOT Power outlets can be deadly to curious children. TOUCH THE VICTIM UNTIL ALL POWER AROUND YOU HAS BEEN TURNED OFF. s Turn off electrical power at plugs, circuit breakers or in fuse box. s USE A DRY STICK OR BOARD to move a downed power line that is touching the victim. s DO NOT TOUCH THE VICTIM UNTIL ALL WIRE IS OFF EVERY PART OF THE BODY. s Phone for help. s Initiate the ABCs of emergency action if necessary.
Electric burns Difficult to detect. A person with a severe electrical shock may have badly burned underlying tissue, although the surface skin shows little. s Look for entrance and exit wounds. s If the victim is unconscious: Begin the ABCs of EMERGENCY ACTION and phone for medical help. s If the victim is conscious: Seek prompt medical attention, because unattended electrical burns can lead to serious complications.
Chemical burns Dry chemicals should be brushed off before flushing with water. s Wash it with ample cool running water (place the person in a cool shower if possible). s Remove contaminated clothing. s Seek prompt medical attention. Hea eallt ltth hy LLIIV
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r 26 medical reporte Wilson, the FOXa whole lot easier g in with Melissa healthier eating INSIDE: Checkin b iness makes
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Temperature
s Severe factors affect temperature, pulse and respiration. A few
are: age, health or fitness, emotion and time of day. Temperatures in infants and children are slightly higher.
Adult normals Temperature98.6 F (37 C) Pulse 60-80 pulses per minute Respiration 12-14 breaths per minute
Blood pressure Systolic Diastolic
NORMAL 139 or less 89 or less
BORDERLINE HIGH 140-159 160 or more 90-94 95 or more
s Systolic - Maximum pressure in blood vessels when heart beats. s Diastolic - Minimum pressure in blood vessels
when heart relaxes between beats.
Bites Any animal bite that breaks the skin should be washed immediately with soap and water, then covered with a sterile dressing.
DOG BITES
s Confine the animal or get the owner’s name and address. s Report the incident to your local Rabies and Animal Control
Center. s Always consult a doctor.
INSECT AND SNAKE BITES s Remove the stinger if visible. Use a scraping action. s Apply a cold compress or a cold pack wrapped in a towel. s Apply a constricting band above the bite if the bite is on an arm or a leg. s Keep the victim calm. s Capture the insect or animal if possible. s Phone for medical help. s If the victim displays trouble breathing or complains of itching and a thickness of the tongue, he may be having an allergic reaction. * Be prepared to initiate the ABCs of EMERGENCY ACTION.
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Bleeding
9
To control bleeding, use direct pressure over the area of the wound.
Internal bleeding The warning signs for internal bleeding are coughing up or vomiting up blood or “coffee ground� material, passing blood in urine or stool, or passing black tarlike bowel movements. All require medical attention!
s Have the victim lie on his back and elevate his feet.
Direct pressure over the wound can stop bleeding.
s Use sterile gauze pad if one is
available, or a sanitary napkin. A clean handkerchief and even your bare hand will do the job.
Have him breathe deeply. s Do not let the victim take any medication until seen by a doctor. s Phone for medical help or take the victim to the nearest emergency facility.
Head Injuries
s Apply firm, direct pressure for 5 to 15 minutes. Most bleeding will stop within a few minutes. s If there is bleeding from a foot,
hand, leg or arm, use gravity to help slow the flow of blood. Elevate the limb so that it is higher off the ground than the victim’s heart.
After bleeding stops, you may apply a clean bandage.
Pressure Points If bleeding cannot be stopped by using direct pressure or by elevating the injured area, you may have to slow the supply of the blood using pressure points.
s Special care must be taken when trying to stop any scalp bleeding when there is a suspected skull fracture. Bleeding from the scalp can be very heavy even when the injury is not too serious. s Don’t press too hard. Be extremely careful when applying pressure over If no severe head injury is the wound, so that bone chips from a suspected, a clean bandage may be gently applied possible fracture will not be pressed after bleeding stops. into the brain. s Protect the victim from any unnecessary movement because of the possibility of neck injury. s Phone for medical help. s Do not give alcohol or pain medications.
Nosebleed s Have the patient sit quietly and lean forward. s Have him pinch the soft part of the nose for 5 - 10 minutes. s If the bleeding persists, obtain medical help.
The diagram on the right shows the locations of major arteries that may be compressed against the bone to stop blood flow. Feel for the victim’s pulse at the pressure point and press until you feel no pulse. Because pressing these areas can completely stop the supply of blood, do so only in extreme emergencies. Alternate between using pressure points and direct pressure every couple of minutes until help arrives.
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GOOD DENTAL ERS: HYGIENE MATT your teeth Taking care of other can help keep s at bay health problem
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r 26 medical reporte Wilson, the FOXa whole lot easier g in with Melissa eating INSIDE: Checkinb iness makes healthier
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10
Burns
Minor burns
Electric burns
Such as ones caused by fire, covering a small part of the body: s Treat with cold running water, or an ice pack, applied for 20-30 minutes to relieve swelling and pain. s Don’t use grease of any kind. Cold running water is recommended.
Difficult to detect. A person with a severe electrical shock may have badly burned underlying tissue, although the surface skin shows little. s Look for entrance and exit wounds.
s If the victim is unconscious: Begin the ABCs of EMERGENCY ACTION and phone for medical help.
s If the victim is conscious:
Sunburn
Seek prompt medical attention, because unattended electrical burns can lead to serious complications.
If the skin is reddened, but not blistered: s Apply approved burn spray for relief of pain. If skin is blistered or extensively burned: s Cover it with a dressing wet with cold water. s Do not re-expose burned skin until healing is complete. s Severe or extensive sunburn requires prompt medical aid. Remember, prevent sunburn! Use a sunscreen and limit exposure.
Serious burns Require prompt professional care.
Shock can accompany severe injury, emotional trauma, extensive infection and heart attack.
s The patient is pale, his skin is cold and clammy, his breathing is quick an irregular and his pulse fast. He should be lying down with his head low and hips and legs raised if uninjured. s Keep him/her warm.. s Phone for help immediately. s Give the victim reassurance and keep him calm and quiet until medical assistance arrives.
s Phone for medical help. s Victim should be wrapped in clean wet sheet or
towel moistened at room temperature.
s Don’t attempt to clean the burn or remove clothing or other particles attached to the burned area.
s Victim should be kept lying down and in a calm state of mind.
Chemical burns Dry chemicals should be brushed off before flushing with water. s Wash it with ample cool running water (place the person in a cool shower if possible).
s Remove contaminated clothing. s Seek prompt medical attention. VING hy LIIV ltth eallt Hea
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GOOD DENTAL : HYGIENE MATTERS your teeth Taking care of other can help keep at bay health problems
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er 26 medical report a Wilson, the FOXa whole lot easier ng in with Meliss eating INSIDE: Checkib iness makes healthier
INSIDE: Yes, it’s ') " / $ ')$ % % ) possible to eat * / $"& "* %') healthy at Katy +! & #,*+ . restaurants ) "* 1 +/ "+ ),&&
Desirable weights to cut heart attack risk Women
Men Feet 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6
Inches 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0 1 2 3 4
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Weight 112-141 115-144 118-148 121-152 124-156 128-161 132-166 136-170 140-174 144-179 148-184 152-189 156-194 160-199 164-204
Feet 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6
Inches 10 11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0
Weight 92-119 94-122 96-125 99-128 102-131 105-134 108-138 111-142 114-146 118-150 122-154 126-158 130-163 134-168 138-173
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Seizures/Diabetic Coma/Insulin Reaction A person with a seizure generally exhibits these tendencies: limbs jerk, eyes may roll upward, breathing may become heavy, with drooling or even frothing at the mouth. BREATHING MAY STOP in some seizures, or the victim may bite his/her tongue so severely that it blocks the AIRWAY. (Do not place any object other than approved seizure control devices into the victim’s mouth.) During the seizure s There is little you can do to stop it.
s Let the seizure run its course. Help the victim LIE DOWN
11
If someone becomes confused, incoherent or unconscious for no apparent reason, he may be a diabetic who is having an insulin reaction or going into a diabetic coma.
TAKE ACTION! A diabetic reaction is a true emergency. s Begin the ABCs of EMERGENCY ACTION.
s Phone for medical help. s Look for MEDIC ALERT IDENTIFICATION
TO AVOID INJURY.
s Keep him/her from hitting furniture with sharp edges. s Loosen restrictive clothing. s DO NOT USE FORCE OR TRY TO RESTRAIN
A SEIZURE VICTIM.
After the seizure s Check to see if the victim is breathing.
DIABETIC COMA s Symptoms may come on gradually. The diabetic’s skin will be flushed and dry, his tongue dry, his behavior drowsy, his breathing rapid and deep, and his breath will have a fruity odor like acetone or nail polish remover. INSULIN REACTION
s Check to see if the victim has a pulse. If both are absent, have
s An insulin reaction is the result of a too-rapid drop in the diabetic’s blood sugar level. Symptoms come on rapidly.
someone phone for help and begin CPR.
s Check to see if the victim is wearing a MEDIC ALERT tag or bracelet. It describes emergency medical requirements. Persons with seizures usually wear this tag or bracelet.
s The diabetic is sweating and nervous, his breath odor is normal, the tongue is moist, his pulse rapid, his breathing shallow. He may be hazy and faltering. If he is conscious and can swallow, give some form of sugar (sugar packet, fruit juice, candy or sweet soft drinks).
Medical alert information Most people who have chronic problems have some form of identification describing their condition, as shown below. Be sure to look for the identification around neck or wrist, in wallet or in purse.
Cancer Symptoms The Seven Warning Signals of Cancer Are: 1 Change in bowel or bladder habits 2 A sore that does not heal. 3 Unusual bleeding or discharge. 4 Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere. 5 Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing. 6 Obvious change in wart or mole. 7 Nagging cough or hoarseness.
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GOOD DENTAL ERS: HYGIENE MATT your teeth Taking care of other can help keep at bay health problems
KAT Y'S WONDE R
Stephanie Tapia
helps people live healthy lifesty les
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er 26 medical report Wilson, the FOXa whole lot easier ng in with Melissa eating INSIDE: Checkib iness makes healthier
INSIDE: Yes, it’s possible to eat )$ % % )* / $"& "* %') healthy at Katy +! & #,*+ . restaurants ) "* 1 +/ "+ ),&&
') " / $ '
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12
Fire and Smoke/Suicide
Smoke is your enemy s Being trapped in a fire presents major problems: Burning by the fire itself and damage to the body from the heat it generates are obvious hazards. Avoiding the area involved is about the only protection possible.
s The real culprit is smoke. It insidiously kills because smoke contains carbon monoxide, a product of combustion. The carbon monoxide has an affinity for the hemoglobin in the blood, displacing and rejecting oxygen, leading to asphyxiation. If the latter is not quickly treated, irreparable damage or death occurs. Smoke also contains toxins that are released when plastics and other materials burn, and these enter the blood stream, causing severe tissue damage or death.
s If caught in a fire, avoid panic. Breathing through a moist cloth will help.
The majority of people who die each year from suicide are not known to be mentally disordered, depressed, or in treatment for emotional problems. Any threat of suicide should be taken seriously. A person contemplating suicide will probably exhibit three main symptoms. They are: s ! GREATER WISH TO DIE THAN TO LIve. s $ISTRESS AND LOSS OF HOPE. s 0LANNING THE METHOD OF SUICIDE. Blocking or reducing any or these factors can substantially reduce the likelihood of suicide. What to do if you think someone is contemplating suicide: s !SK THEM /FTEN PEOPLE ARE QUITE WILLING TO DISCUSS THEIR wish to die and the suicide method they have planned. s $ON t leave the victim alone if theY ve expressed a desire to harm themselves or exhibited any of the symptoms above. s )F YOU CAN BLOCK ANy easy access they have to things they could use to harm themselves. s %NCOURAGE THEM TO SEEK HELP -OST HOSPITAL %MERgency Rooms have a mental health professional on call.
s Smoke rises, so lying facedown on the floor is of value.
A wet rag over the mouth and crawling on the floor can help prevent death by smoke inhalation.
s Breaking a window seems
logical, but it should be done only if a large opening can be made in the one end of the room to draw out smoke and a small opening in another area where the victim can obtain fresh air. IF DOOR IS NOT HOT, OPEN CAUTIOUSLY. s WALK to the nearest safe stairway.
s Do not use elevator. s If smoke is present, stay low. s WALK DOWN stairway. DO NOT RUN. Go up only as a last resort.
Eye injuries Chemical burns Chemical burns of the eye are treated by immediate flushing of the affected eye for a minimum of 20 minutes. s Wash the contaminated eye away from the unafflicted eye. s After washing, bandage both eyes closed. s Reassure the victim. s Phone for medical help or take the victim to an Emergency Center (damage may have been done to the delWash contaminated eye icate eye tissue involved).
Foreign objects
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A Katy Times Publicat
April 2014
Hea ealt lth thy LIV
Katy
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A Katy Times
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June 2014
GOOD DENTAL : HYGIENE MATTERS your teeth Taking care of other can help keep at bay health problems
KAT Y'S WOND ER
Stephanie Tapia
helps people live healthy lifesty les
PHOTO BY CAROLINE
IRIS PHOTOGRA
PHY
er 26 medical report a Wilson, the FOXa whole lot easier ng in with Meliss eating INSIDE: Checkib iness makes healthier
INSIDE: Yes, it’s ') " / $ ')$ % % ) possible to eat * / $"& "* %') healthy at Katy +! & #,*+ . restaurants ) "* 1 +/ "+ ),&&
Conjunctival and corneal injuries are the most common injuries caused by foreign bodies. Lack of treatment can lead from impairment to total loss of vision. s Flush affected eye with water. s Bandage the unaffected eye as well as the injured eye to prevent further injury. s Seek medical attention as soon as possible
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Cold Exposure/Heat Exposure Cold exposure is accelerated by a combination of low temperature, wind, humidity, wet skin or clothes, duration of exposure, physical condition and the effects of drugs or alcohol. Symptoms include shivering, numbness, low body temperature, drowsiness, muscular weakness and loss of coordination.
Hypothermia s Handle the victim very carefully, and be prepared to begin the ABC’s of EMERGENCY ACTION. s Move the victim to a warm place as soon as possible. s Remove wet or frozen clothing. s Rewarm the victim using dry cloths and warm blankets. s If concious, give warm non-alcoholic liquid. s Obtain medical attention as soon as possible.
Frostbite Freezing of the body tissues. The fingers, hands, toes and feet are the most commonly affected. The skin is flushed, and as frostbite develops, the area will change to a white or grayish-yellow. Pain is sometimes felt. The affected part feels intensely cold and numb. Blisters may appear. s Cover the affected part. Handle very carefully and DO NOT MASSAGE IT.
s Move the victim to a warm place as soon as possible. s Rewarm the affected part rapidly by immersing in warm water 100 degrees to 105 degrees.
13
Heat cramps Due to the loss of body salt and fluids.
s Cool the victim by moving him to a cool environment. s Give salt, one teaspoonful to a quart of water or Gatorade, to
replace body salts. s Keep the victim quiet and cool. s Have the victim evaluated by a physician.
Heat exhaustion Due to the loss of body fluids and a breakdown of the body’s cooling mechanism. s Move to a cool environment. s Attempt to cool the victim down. s Replace fluids and salts by giving a solution of one teaspoonful of salt in a quart of water or Gatorade. s Phone for medical help.
Heat stroke A profound disturbance of the heat-regulatory mechanism characterized by high body temperature and collapse and sometimes by convulsions, coma and death. s Move the victim to a cool environment. s Cool the victim by applying cool towels or sheets to his body. s Phone for medical help. s Lay the victim flat and elevate his legs 8-12 inches. s Keep victim cool until help arrives. s Be prepared to initiate the ABCs of EMERGENCY ACTION.
s Give the victim warm non-alcoholic liquid. s Once rewarmed, have the victim exercise the affected part carefully, and obtain medical attention.
s If thre is a chance that the affected part could refreeze during transport to a medical facility, do not attempt thawing.
G.F.A.I. assumes no responsibility for the accuracy of the information contained in the guide. If you have any questions, please consult a physician or emergency services authorities. Group Four Advertising, Inc. (702) 362-0733
Hea eallt ltth hy LLIIV
VING hy LIIV ltth eallt Hea y
Kat
n
A Katy Times Publicatio
Katy
VIN I NG
April 2014
A Katy Times
Publication
June 2014
GOOD DENTAL ERS: HYGIENE MATT your teeth Taking care of other can help keep s at bay health problem
KAT Y'S WONDE R
Stephanie Tapia
helps people live healthy lifesty les
PHOTO BY CAROLINE
IRIS PHOTOGRA
PHY
r 26 medical reporte Wilson, the FOXa whole lot easier g in with Melissa healthier eating INSIDE: Checkin b iness makes
INSIDE: Yes, it’s possible to eat )$ % % )* / healthy at Katy $"& "* %') +! & #,*+ . ) restaurants "* 1 +/ "+ ),&&
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Whiplash What to do?
s Apply an ice pack wrapped in a towel to the affected area immediately. Twelve minute applications every hour are considered to be the most appropriate. Continue this procedure for 48 hours. In most cases it may be used longer. s After 48 hours, moist heat in the form of hot packs or even hot moist towels would be mandatory. s If the pain lasts for over 48 hours, call your doctor. If the pain prevents you from moving your neck, or if you have any numbness, tingling or weakness in your arms or legs, CALL 911.
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14
Drug Overdose/Poisons
Types of overdose may include prescription drugs, vitamins, heart medication, alcohol, laxatives, etc. Any time medication is taken without a doctor’s prescription or is taken without following directions, an overdose has occurred. Take action. Begin the ABCs of EMERGENCY ACTION and phone for medical help.
Until help arrives s Observe the victim. s Cover the victim warmly. s Do not administer liquor or stimulants. Do not induce vomiting in the following situations:
s When the victim is unconscious. s When a caustic substance (lye, drain cleaner,
acid or bleach) has been ingested.
s When petroleum product or any product made from petroleum distillates has been ingested (including insecticide, gasoline or kerosene). s When the victim is pregnant. s If the victim is drowsy or sleepy.
Medicine warning Remember that drugs do not last indefinitely. They may lose their potency, or they may evaporate to concentrations that can be harmful. s To prevent deterioration, keep all bottles tightly stoppered. Keep medications in a cool, dry, preferably dark place.
s Don’t keep any drugs left over from a previous illness unless
If a foreign substance is ingested, call your local poison center or 911 immediately. s The only fluid that should be administered by mouth before contacting a physician or poison center is water.
s Neutralization is no longer rec-
ommended for any toxic ingestion. The heat caused by mixing an acid and base in the stomach could cause more harm than the effect of the initial poison itself.
s Individual treatments for specific categories of poison is no longer recommended as the details of each poison exposure best determines the most prudent course of action. Here’s how you can help: s When a substance is swallowed, give the person water only, until instructed to do otherwise s In the case of skin contact, wash the area with cool or tepid water for 20 minutes. s In case of inhalation, move the victim to fresh air for 20 minutes. Take the product or empty bottle to the phone with you so you can read the label to the staff at the poison center. Be sure to tell them. s what was taken s how much was taken s when it was taken s the age and weight of the victim
To induce vomiting s Give syrup of Ipecac only upon the advice of doctor or poison control center.
Dosage for Syrup of Ipecac: CHILD (1-8 years) 15 cc’s followed by large quantities of clear fluids.
advised to do so by the doctor. Discard any drug that has changed color or consistency or becomes cloudy. Especially avoid the use of old iodine, eye drops, nose drops, cough remedies and ointments.
ADULT (8 years and older) - 30-45 cc’s followed by large quantity of clear fluids.
KEEP ALL MEDICINES, INCLUDING NON-PRESCRIPTION DRUGS SUCH AS ASPIRIN, OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN.
ALWAYS REMEMBER – if the ingested agent is from a container, take the container, with the label intact, to the medical facility treating the patient.
Hea ealt lth hy LLIIV
VING hy LIIV ltth eallt Hea y
Kat
on
A Katy Times Publicati
Katy
VIN I NG
April 2014
A Katy Times
Publication
June 2014
GOOD DENTAL ERS: HYGIENE MATT your teeth Taking care of other can help keep at bay health problems
KAT Y'S WONDE R
Stephanie Tapia
helps people live healthy lifesty les
PHOTO BY CAROLINE
IRIS PHOTOGRA
PHY
er 26 medical report Wilson, the FOXa whole lot easier ng in with Melissa eating INSIDE: Checkib iness makes healthier
INSIDE: Yes, it’s possible to eat )$ % % )* / $"& "* %') healthy at Katy +! & #,*+ . restaurants ) "* 1 +/ "+ ),&&
') " / $ '
LOOK FOR THE UPCOMING EDITION OF OCT 9 & DEC 11, 2014 Health news and features. Bi-Monthly Magazine in 2015
Heeal Healthy Hea alt ltth lth thy hy LIVING LIVIN ING G y
Kat
Publication off th the P bli ti