TEST BANK COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING: A CANADIAN PERSPECTIVE 5th Edition, By Stamler, Yiu
TEST BANK
Chapter 1: The History of Community Health Nursing in Canada Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective 5th Edition Stamler
Multiple Choice Questions 1. Who would a visiting nurse most likely work with in the early 1900s in Canada? a. Families who could afford to pay b. Poor and destitute families c. The community d. School children Correct Answer: b (page 6) 2. Which community health nursing specialty emerged in early 20th-century Canada to combat communicable disease, infant mortality, and childhood morbidity? a. Visiting nursing b. District nursing c. Private duty nursing d. Public health nursing Correct Answer: d (page 4) 3. In the early 20th century, health departments were dissolved after a local emergency was over. Which statement below characterizes the social attitude of the era? a. Public health was the responsibility of doctors b. Visiting nurses were responsible for community health c. The state was not responsible for health care d. Women should not be working outside of the family Correct Answer: c (page 3)
4. What was the primary reason for the establishment of school health programs? a. Prevent ill children from becoming dependent citizens b. Promote the health of all children c. Provide food for children who lived in poverty d. Treat sick children so they could work and contribute to the family income Correct Answer: b (page 4) 5. The earliest forms for healthcare in Canada were: a. The practices of Aboriginal people b. European settlers who were physicians c. The wives of surgeons d. The Grey Nuns-first community nursing Correct Answer: a (page 2) were Canada’s first community nursing order who made significant
6.
contributions to providing access to health services, food, shelter, and education for the most vulnerable: a. The Victorian Order of Nurses b. The Grey Nuns c. Public Health Nurses d. School Nurses e. nursing sisters -first to provide health care in remote and frontier area) Correct Answer: b (page 3) 7. The dual mandate of doing charitable work and providing affordable nursing care was held by which agency? a. The Margaret Scott Nursing Mission b. The Victorian Order of Nurses-lady aberdeen led the development c. Indian Health Services d. Public Health Services Correct Answer: b (page 4)
8. How were public health nurses and home visiting nurses different from nurses employed in other sectors of the healthcare system? a. They received less compensation for their services b. They were dependent on other health care professionals c. They required post-diploma training at a university d. They offered services to the elite living in urban districts Correct Answer: c (page 4) 9. Which of the following were the first two public health nursing specialties? a. TB nursing and school nursing b. Private duty nursing and TB nursing c. Home-visiting nursing and school nursing d. Outpost nursing and school nursing Correct Answer: a (page 4) 10. What was the role of the first public health nurses in Canada? a. To assess hygiene conditions in the home b. To conduct well baby clinics c. To promote breastfeeding of newborn infants d. To promote health of school children Correct Answer: d (page 4) 11. Which organization is credited for establishing well-baby clinics? a. The Grey Nuns b. The Victorian Order of Nurses c. The Red Cross d. Provincial Health Departments Correct Answer: c (page 5)
12. Why did public health programs have limited success in rural and isolated areas? a. There was a greater need for home care and midwifery b. There were many physicians in the rural areas c. There was higher need for health education and illness prevention d. Local health departments were situated in rural areas Correct Answer: a (page 6) 13. Which of the following roles best describes the work of the district and visiting nurse? a. They provided home visits and well-baby clinic services b. They provided bed-side nursing and health education c. They provided maternal child health programs d. They provided well-baby clinic services and health education Correct Answer: b (page 6) 14. How did publicly funded healthcare programs change the work of visiting nursing associations? a. The Victorian Order of Nurses took over public health programs b. Visiting nurses provided care to those who could not afford it c. Hospital admission became the norm for those requiring obstetrical care d. Chronically ill individuals no longer remained in community settings Correct Answer: c (page 7) 15. Military nursing requires the nurse to demonstrate which of the following competencies of community health nursing: a. A narrow vision b. Acute care health approaches c. The ability to adapt practice in diverse settings d. The ethical comportment to address simple conflicts that involve violence Correct Answer: c (page 7)
16. Which of the following types of community health nursing refers to nurses providing services in the most remote geographic locations? a. Visiting nursing b. Public health nursing c. Outpost nursing d. District nursing Correct Answer: c (page 7) 17. Which group played an important role in developing the social and healthcare services in smaller communities? a. The Victorian Order of Nurses b. The politicians c. District and visiting nurses d. Women volunteers Correct Answer: d (page 5) 18. What was the focus of the first group of public health officials in the early 20th century? a. Waste disposal and a safe water supply b. Health education and disease prevention c. Infant and child welfare d. Social welfare programs Correct Answer: c (page 5) 19. Which of the following programs were taken over by the health department as part of the process of consolidating all public health programs? a. School health programs b. Social welfare programs c. Well-baby programs d. Home visiting programs Correct Answer: a (page 5)
20. Which of the following organizations is viewed as Canada’s oldest and most experienced visiting nursing organization? a. The Red Cross b. The Victorian Order of Nurses c. The Grey Nuns d. Provincial health departments Correct Answer: b (page 9) 21. Early school-based initiatives involved which of the following activities? a. Immunizations at various ages b. Medical inspections of children followed by home visits c. Breakfast and lunch programs d. Sanitation and access to potable water Correct Answer: b (page 5) 22. How did the reduction in government spending in the 1980s and 1990s affect community health nurses? a. Increased funding for physical infrastructure b. Re-institutionalization of mental health patients c. Improved capacity to follow-up with patients with communicable diseases d. Reduced nursing positions Correct Answer: d (page 10) 23. In which year was the Community Health Nurses Association of Canada established? a. 1995 b. 2000 c. 1987 d. 1976 Correct Answer: c (page 11)
24. Which document continues to be recognized as a visionary document with recommendations for shifting resources and policy in the direction of primary health care, home healthcare, and health promotion, which nurses as key players in the system? a. The Alma-Ata Declaration b. The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion c. The Medical Care Act d. The Romanow Commission’s report Correct Answer: d (page 11) 25. General public health nursing practice emerged from which type of nursing a. School nursing b. Visiting nursing c. Outpost nursing d. Home-visiting nursing Correct Answer: a (page 12) Short Answer Questions 26. Contrast the three sectors of nursing that existed in Canada in the 20th century. Correct Answer: Hospital nurses, private-duty nurses, and public health nurses (including visiting nurses). Differences in practice settings/locations, pay/funding, educational preparation, focus of care, types of clientele (page 4). 27. Discuss the role that women’s volunteerism and leadership in communities played in the development of community health nursing. Correct Answer: They worked on community development, the made the development of healthcare services a priority; they lobbied local officials, served tea at child welfare clinics, sewed layettes for destitute families, provided transportation, made referrals, raised funds, and enabled CHNs to fulfill their professional obligations to the fullest extent possible (page 4). 28. Discuss why local physicians sometimes did not support local public health programs
Correct Answer: Because they feared that the PHNs would provide primary care and thus compete with them for both patients and income (page 5). 29. Discuss how increased government responsibility for the healthcare of Canadians had an impact on public health nursing. Correct Answer: Programs were expanded between 1940 and 1970; shift in focus from child health, immunization, and communicable disease control to a focus on decreasing morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases and injuries; increased demands on time for the early postpartum discharge home visiting program (page 9). 30. The early practice of community health nursing was generalist in nature, consisting of a comprehensive range of services, including home healthcare and health promotion. Why did community health nursing become specialized over time? Correct Answer: specialization occurred as a response to social, economic, and political forces, including the expanding knowledge of society (page 12).
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Chapter 2: Financing, Policy, and Politics of Healthcare Delivery Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective 5th Edition Stamler
Multiple Choice Questions 1. Where was Canada’s first universal health insurance program implemented? a. Manitoba in 1957 b. Canada in 1967 c. Prince Edward Island in 1867 d. Saskatchewan in 1947 Correct Answer: d (page 18) 2. What was the purpose of the Canada Health Act (1984)? a. Provide the provinces with more legal authority b. Ban extra billing and user fees c. Establish a national drug plan d. Increase access to care based on ability to pay Correct Answer: b (page 18) 3. What Act has as its cornerstones publicly administered, comprehensive, universal, portable, and accessible? a. Hospital Insurances and Diagnostic Services Act b. Constitution Act c. Canada Health Act d. American Medicare Act Correct Answer: c (page 18) 4. What is one of the primary objectives of Canadian health care policy according to the Canada Health Act (1984)? a. Facilitate reasonable access to hospital care b. Protect the health care system from privatization c. Restore stable health care funding to the provinces d. Protect, promote, and restore the physical and mental well-being of the residents of Canada Correct Answer: d (page 19) 5. How has the Canada Health Act (1984) been successful in ensuring all Canadians have
access to the health care they need? a. Creating specific mechanisms to ensure accountability and transparency b. Establishing criteria and conditions for insured health care services that must be met before federal transfer of funds are made c. Penalizing provinces that do not comply with the public health aspects of the act d. Determining the extent to which each province and territory has satisfied the conditions and criteria of the Act Correct Answer: b (page 18) 6. Which model dominated public and political thinking about health during the time that the Canadian Medicare System was created in 1957? a. Healthy lifestyle model b. Socio-environmental model c. Biomedical model d. Health promotion model Correct Answer: c (page 19) 7. Which document was considered revolutionary by the global community and led to a reconceptualization of health promotion? a. The Lalonde Report b. The Declaration of Alma Ata c. The Ottawa Charter d. The Social Determinants of Health Correct Answer: a (page 20) 8. Who said, “The practice of healthcare has evolved. And despite efforts to keep pace, medicare has not.” a. Monique Begin, former Minister of Health b. Ralph Klein, former Premier of Alberta c. Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada d. Ray Romanow, Commissioner on the Future of Health Care Correct Answer: d (page 19) 9. How does Canada rank in the world with respect to healthcare? a. Canada has the lowest infant mortality rate in the world b. Canada’s universal coverage is more costly and less effective than the privatized U.S.
health care system c. Canada’s life expectancy at birth ranks among the highest in the world d. Canada spends less than one-half as much per capita on healthcare than Japan Correct Answer: c (page 19) 10. What are the four determinants of health identified in the Lalonde Report (1974)? a. Socio-environmental, biomedical, disease prevention, and health promotion b. Gender, culture, working conditions, and education c. Biological, emotional, spiritual, and psychological d. Environment, lifestyle, human biology, and healthcare system Correct Answer: d (page 20) 11. What provided the basis for the Ottawa Charter? a. Epp Report b. Alma Ata Declaration c. Canada Health Act d. British North America Act Correct Answer: a (page 20) 12. What is involved in a system that focuses on primary care? a. People accessing health care services at the first point of contact b. Health education, proper nutrition, and disease prevention c. Health protection, health promotion, and disease prevention d. Accessible, affordable, and acceptable health care Correct Answer: a (page 22) 13. In which province do Family Health Teams deliver primary health care? a. Quebec b. Nova Scotia c. Ontario d. British Columbia Correct Answer: c (page 22)
14. Who funds public health in Canada? a. Provinces and municipalities b. Municipalities c. Federal government d. Provincial and federal government Correct Answer: a (page 23) 15. Which of the following is a challenge of public health in Canada? a. There is decreased complexity and increased funding b. While funding is decreasing, it is still adequate c. Public health infrastructure was constructed d. There is disparity in human resources among provinces Correct Answer: d (page 23) 16. Which services have been steadily growing in Canada over the past 35 years? a. Public health b. Acute care c. Home care d. Long term care Correct Answer: c (page 24) 17. Mr. Jones lives in Ontario and requires home care nursing and support services. Who would deliver these services? a. Social services branch of the department of health b. Local public health units c. Agency contracted by the Local Health Integration Network d. Local health authority Correct Answer: c (page 25) 18. Role clarity has been identified as an issue for community health nurses. What is a component of role clarity? a. Understanding the role of other health care professionals b. Sharing a common language to describe the role c. Leadership development d. Access to specialized expertise
Correct Answer: b (page 25) 19. What would help community health nurses to be valued more by other health care professionals? a. To be able to describe their role with confidence b. Quality supervision and management c. Access to ongoing education and training d. Stronger leadership in the area Correct Answer: a (page 25) 20. Which of the following is identified as attributes of nurse leaders that contribute to effectiveness: a. Avoiding risk taking b. Organizational ability c. Social awareness d. Comfort with routines Correct Answer: c (page 28) 21. Within a context of community health nursing practice, which organizational supports positively influence practice? a. A work environment that disestablishes leadership b. A work environment that devalues unique contribution of staff c. A work environment that has unstable funding d. A work environment that has access to resources Correct Answer: d (page 29) 22. Transformational leadership practices include which of the following? a. Building relationships and trust b. Creating disempowering work environments c. Creating a culture that supports knowledge stasis d. Avoiding taking any risks Correct Answer: a (page 28) 23. Professionals working in health service organizations with strong leadership demonstrate which of the following? a. Lower levels of organizational effectiveness
b. Decreased organizational commitment c. Increased ability to lead a stagnant workforce d. Greater sense of affiliation with organizational goals Correct Answer: d (page 28) 24. Which of the following personal resources are necessary for developing and sustaining leadership? a. Personal identity b. Leadership expertise c. Community attributes d. Family supports Correct Answer: b (page 28) 25. What is one way to strengthen collaborative leadership at the national level? a. Promoting community health solutions across sectors b. Creating an empowering work environment c. Cultivating personal supports d. Willingness to be risk averse Correct Answer: a (page 29) Short Answer Questions 26. Contrast the terms primary care and primary health care and give an example of each related to community health nursing practice Correct Answer: Primary Care: a person's first point of contact with the health care system. Primary care services are dominated by medicine and have focused mainly on acute care and treatment of disease. The largest group of primary care providers in Canada is physicians. Other primary care providers are nurse practitioners, dentists, chiropractors, pharmacists, dieticians, midwives, optometrists and to some extent PHNs. Most Canadians access primary care though a family or general practitioner who is reimbursed on a fee-for-service basis. Only a few Canadians receive primary care services through a CHC, walk-in clinics, or emergency rooms. Example related to CHN practice: A family who a PHN visits in the postpartum period may also see the primary care provider, most likely a GP, around the same time, increasing the need for interprofessional communication.
Primary Health Care: a philosophy or approach to care that involves the principles set forth at Alma Ata in 1978: health care that is accessible, affordable, and acceptable; uses appropriate technology; promotes health; and recognizes intersectoral and interdisciplinary approaches. Examples related to CHN practice: a multidisciplinary community health council with several CHNs as members collaborates with a community to develop a network of safe bike and walking trails through residential and industrial neighbourhoods (page 22). 27. Summarize two federal initiatives in the development of health promotion and give one rationale for each that illustrates their importance on an international level. Correct Answer: - Lalonde Report (1974): acknowledged the limitations of the funded medical/treatment system. Presented a vision for health promotion. Identified four determinants of health, with an emphasis on lifestyle and the environment. Led to a global reconceptualization of health promotion. - Epp Report (1986): expanded the definition of health promotion, incorporated some of the tenets of primary health care, and emphasized social/environmental/political dimensions of health. Formed the basis for the Ottawa Charter of Health Promotion.
- Ottawa Charter of Health Promotion (1986): International document identifying the prerequisites for health, strategies for promoting health, and outcomes of the strategies. Acknowledges that caring for one's self and others is conducive to health. Identifies caring, holism, and ecology as essential concepts in health promotion. - Population Health Template and Population Health Promotion Model (2001 and 1996): resources developed to put population health and health promotion into action. Used nationally and internationally in program planning, community development, and resource allocation (page 20) 28. Describe the importance of three historical milestones in the development of the Canadian health care system Correct Answer: 1867-1867—Constitution Act (BNA Act) assigned responsibility for hospitals to provinces. Did not explicitly assign responsibility for health policy to either federal or provincial government. 1919—national health insurance on the Liberal Party platform 1947— Saskatchewan gets Medicare under Tommy Douglas 1957—national Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act (HIDS) provides financial incentives to the provinces to build hospitals through 50/50 grants if provinces meet five key principles 1962— Saskatchewan gets universal, publicly funded medical insurance 1966—federal Medicare including physicians' services; if provinces meet same principles as HIDS, feds pay 50% of costs 1971—all provinces participate 1977—Established Programs Financing Act changes federal share of health costs to a per capita block grant 1996—Canada Health and Social Transfer (CHST) payments include federal transfer payments for health, postsecondary education, and welfare (page 18-19) 29. Discuss three Canadian values that are reflected in the current Medicare system. Correct Answer: - Social justice: All members of society, including the most vulnerable, are entitled to free health care in Canada. - Equity: All Canadians are viewed equally and without discrimination in terms of universal health care
coverage. - Community: All members of society contribute through taxation to provide everyone in the community with access to health care regardless of ability to pay (page 18). 30. Name three of the five principles of the Canada Health Act (1984) and give an example for each. Correct Answer: - Publicly administered: Health care funds are administered by a local elected regional health authority under the direction of the provincial health department. - Portable: A person from Saskatchewan can receive insured health care in Ontario. - Accessible: Families across Alberta have access to pediatric health care in their own communities or in communities within their health region without additional user fees. - Universal: All residents of British Columbia are covered by B.C. health care. - Comprehensive: In-hospital health care, such as medically necessary surgery, is covered in the province of Newfoundland (page 18).
Chapter 3: Nursing Roles, Functions, and Practice Settings Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective 5th Edition Stamler
Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which of the following statements is true about the Blueprint for Action for Community Health Nursing in Canada (CHNC, 2011)? a. It incorporates the voices of government officials about public health b. It is a point of reference for ongoing dialogue about community health nursing practice c. It is a landmark document about primary health care in Canada d. It provides a framework for intersectoral collaboration Correct Answer: b (page 38) 2. Which of the following documents outlines six areas of action, one of them being supporting nursing leadership development? a. The Ottawa Charter b. The Declaration of Alma Ata c. The Blueprint for Action for Community Health Nursing in Canada d. The Lalonde Report Correct Answer: c (page 38) 3. The Canadian Nurses Association predicts that by 2020: a. 25% of nurses will be working outside of the acute care setting b. 45% of nurses will be working outside of the acute care setting c. 60% of nurses will be working outside of the acute care setting d. 70% of nurses will be working outside of the acute care setting Correct Answer: c (page 38) 4. What level of prevention is evident in screening school children for vision and hearing? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Quaternary prevention Correct Answer: a (page 38) 5. What activity is an example of a community health nurse working at the individual level? a. Providing immunization in a travel clinic
b. Providing school health education services c. Developing a web-based community resource guide d. Engaging in consultation about healthy public policy Correct Answer: a (page 38) 6. A community health nurse has successfully lobbied the government to invest in a rehabilitation facility for people with traumatic brain injuries. What type of health promotion strategy does this represent? a. Secondary prevention b. Tertiary prevention c. Primary prevention d. Quaternary prevention Correct Answer: b (page 38) 7. Which of the following is foundational to health equity and central to community health nursing practice? a. Health promotion b. Social determinants of health c. Social justice d. Health education Correct Answer: c (page 38) 8. The mission of the Community Health Nurses of Canada (CHNC) is to: a. Advance practice and to improve the health of Canadians b. Build capacity among community health nurses c. Advocate for healthy public policy d. Provide services to vulnerable populations Correct Answer: a (page 38) 9. Clinical practice, research, administration, and education are known as: a. Priorities for community health nursing b. Standards of practice for community health nursing c. Blueprint for action for community health nursing d. Domains of practice for community health nursing Correct Answer: d (page 40)
10. The purpose of
is to define the scope and depth of nursing practice
in the community and establish expectations for acceptable, safe, and ethical nursing care: a. Blueprint for action for community health nursing b. Domains of practice for community health nursing c. Standards of practice for community health nursing d. Priorities for community health nursing Correct Answer: c (page 40) 11. Which two types of community health nurses are the largest groups? a. Public health nursing and home health nursing b. Home health nursing and outpost nursing c. Public health nursing and military nursing d. Home health nursing and street nursing Correct Answer: a (page 40) 12. What is the goal of public health nursing? a. To develop health education messages for school children b. To increase the health of the public by preventing disease c. To provide immunizations to community members d. To conduct home visits to newborns in the postpartum period Correct Answer: b (page 40) 13. The aim is to provide accessible, responsive, and timely care which allows people to stay in their homes with safety and dignity. This statement is representative of which type of nursing? a. Outpost nursing b. Public health nursing c. Home health nursing d. Street nursing Correct Answer: c (page 41) 14. What type of health care is described in the statement: “healthcare that is scientifically sound, socially acceptable, universally accessible to individuals and families and at a cost that the community and country can afford” a. Disease and injury prevention b. Global health
c. Population health promotion d. Primary health care Correct Answer: d (page 42) 15. What type of community health nurse focuses on health promotion, maintenance and restoration, and injury and disease prevention in the workplace? a. Nurse entrepreneur b. Occupational health nurse c. Forensic nurse d. Primary health care nurse practitioner Correct Answer: b (page 44) 16. The 5 A’s of behavior change (assess, advise, agree, assist, and arrange) are used by which type of community health nurse? a. Telehealth nurse b. Primary health care nurse practitioner c. Public health nurse d. Chronic disease management nurse Correct Answer: d (page 48) 17. Which of the following statements best represents the work of outreach/street nurses? a. They determine the health care needs of clients over the phone b. They use harm reduction strategies specific to vulnerable population groups c. They work within the community often in remote and rural areas d. They work closely with the health care team to monitor and manage diseases with clients Correct Answer: b (page 48) 18. What is the primary focus of a forensic nurse’s work? a. Works with clients who have been the victims of crimes b. Consulting for ethics review boards c. Working at a summer camp for troubled youth d. Providing health care services within psychiatric institutions Correct Answer: a (page 45) 19. What action is required if a community health nurse wants to become a primary health care
nurse practitioner (PHCNP) a. Gather additional skills to be able to assist physicians b. Take additional nursing education with a focus on advanced clinical nursing practice c. Write the national nurse practitioner examination d. Work in the United States as this position is not available in Canada Correct Answer: b (page 49) 20. What is an example of a health promotion activity that a public health nurse would provide? a. Giving stress reduction seminars to employees at a large corporation b. Symptom management support for a family in a palliative care situation c. Monitoring home oxygen therapy for a client awaiting a lung transplant d. Providing meningitis prophylaxis to high school students in an outbreak situation Correct Answer: d (page 43) 21. Which of the following statements pertains to Parish Nursing? a. Parish nursing began in Europe and moved to the united states in the mid-1890s b. Parish nursing integrates faith and health into nursing practice c. Parish nursing arrived in Canada in the early 1900s d. Parish nursing is not expected to facilitate spiritual care Correct Answer: b (page 52) 22. The first recorded instance of military nursing in Canada was: a. At the Northwest Rebellion in 1885 with the Metis uprising against the Canadian government b. During World War I within the Royal Canadian Army c. During World War II within the navy, army, and air force d. The South African War in 1900 Correct Answer: a (page 53) 23. Which term best describes the following statement: Everyone, regardless of socially determined circumstances, has an equal opportunity to attain their full health potential without being disadvantaged a. Community justice b. Social action c. Political advocacy d. Health equity
Correct Answer: d (page 54) 24. Which of the following is part of the standards of practice for community health nurses? a. Engaging in capacity building of communities b. Participating in political advocacy c. Working towards community justice d. Initiating social action activities Correct Answer: a (page 40) 25. What type of community health nurse focuses on primary care, chronic disease prevention and management, substance abuse prevention and management, personal practices and coping skills, low income supports, and access to housing? a. Occupational health nurse b. Rural/outpost nurse c. Telehealth nurse d. Parish nurse Correct Answer: b (page 51) Short Answer Questions 26. Contrast three of the practice settings of community health nurses in terms of role focus and unique characteristics of nursing practice. Give an example for each practice setting of where the community health nurse might work. Correct Answer: Public Health Nurse: Role focus-mandated by legislation to promote and protect the health of populations. Focus is on health enhancement, health protection, and disease prevention Unique characteristics-primarily works with a healthy population, minimal contact with unwell people, may have entire community as client Work setting-public health unit
Home Health Nurse: Role focus-client as individual or family; provides direct clinical care and case management Unique characteristics-works alone, practises highly autonomously and independently, adaptable to client-controlled environment
Work setting-client home or school
Parish Nurse: Role focus-client as individual or group; focuses on education, counseling, and referrals Unique characteristics-integrates faith-based approach to care. U.S.-based credential available Work setting-a United Church
Occupational Health Nurse: Role focus-client as individual or group; provides direct care, including primary, secondary, and tertiary preventive services Unique characteristics-addresses health, safety, and well-being for employees. May earn specialty credential from CNA COHN(C) Work setting-a meat-packing plant (pages 43 – 46) 27. Discuss the role of two professional nursing associations as they relate to community health nurses Correct Answer: - Community Health Nursing Association of Canada (CHNAC) developed the Canadian Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice (2003). - Canadian Nurses Association (CNA) is a national voluntary association that exists to link nurses who work in the same practice area. Will work with CHNAC to create a national certification for CHNs. All provincial associations except Quebec belong to the CNA. - Provincial regulatory body and professional associations regulate the profession of nursing in each province. Protect the public through maintaining a nursing registry. Professionally advocate for nurses and the public to have a strong publicly funded universal health care system. Promote excellence in nursing practice (page 38). 28. List the seven Canadian Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice Correct Answer: -
Health promotion
-
Prevention and health protection
-
Health maintenance, restoration, and palliation
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Professional relationships
-
Capacity building
-
Access and equity
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Professional responsibility and accountability (page 40)
29. Draw the Canadian Community Health Nursing Professional Practice Model Correct Answer: see figure 3.1 (page 39) 30. Several factors, both enablers and barriers, are influencing community health nursing education. List 2 enablers and 2 barriers. Correct Answer: -
Enablers: strong community-academic partnerships, supportive curriculum structures and processes.
-
Barriers: devaluing community health nursing education, insufficient time in theory classes and clinical placements (page 55).
Chapter 4: Public Health Nursing Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective 5th Edition Stamler
Multiple Choice Questions 1. “The organized efforts of society to keep people healthy and prevent injury, illness, and premature death” is the definition of which term? a. Public health nursing b. Public health c. Social determinants of health d. Vaccination campaigns Correct Answer: b (page 60) 2. What is the mission of the Public Health Agency of Canada? a. To apply international research and development to Canada’s public health programs b. To strengthen intergovernmental collaboration on public health c. To facilitate national approaches to public health policy and planning d. To promote and protect the health of Canadians though leadership, partnership, innovation, and action in public health Correct Answer: d (page 60) 3. What was the significance of the Public Health Agency Act (2006)? a. It confirmed the agency as a legal entity and appointed a chief public health officer b. It served as a central point for sharing Canada’s expertise in health promotion c. It helped to increase the lifespan of all Canadians through various initiatives d. It helped to secure funding for chronic diseases and illness and injury prevention Correct Answer: a (page 60) 4. What type of community health nurse applies public health science, the principles of primary health care, nursing science, and the social sciences to promote, protect, and preserve the health of populations? a. Outpost nurse b. Forensic nurse c. Public health nurse d. Occupational health nurse Correct Answer: c (page 61)
5. The first public health activities in Canada occurred in 1831 with the arrival of immigrants to Upper Canada who had contracted which disease? a. Tuberculosis b. Spanish influenza c. Cholera d. The black plague Correct Answer: c (page 61) 6. One of the first types of public health legislation in Canada provided detailed regulations for which of the following? a. Personal and environmental cleanliness b. Water and sanitation pipeline initiatives c. Mandatory vaccination of school children d. Water fluoridation initiatives Correct Answer: a (page 62) 7. When were the responsibilities for health and social welfare matters delegated to the provinces? a. After World War I b. After World War II c. After the British North American Act d. After Canadian confederation Correct Answer: d (page 62) 8. In what year and in what province was the first Public Health Act passed? a. In Ontario in 1884 b. In Saskatchewan in 1910 c. In British Columbia in 1896 d. In Manitoba in 1927 Correct Answer: a (page 62)
Chapter 5: Home Health Nursing in Canada Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective 5th Edition Stamler
Multiple Choice Questions 1. The Canada Health Act (1984) sets the requirements that must be met by all provinces and territories in or to ensure: a. Reasonable access to medically necessary hospital and doctors’ services anywhere in Canada b. Reasonable access to all services related to healthcare anywhere in Canada c. Reasonable access to medically necessary hospital, doctors’ and nurses’ services anywhere in Canada d. Reasonable access to medically necessary hospital nurses’ services anywhere in Canada Correct Answer: a (page 74) 2. According to the Canada Health Act (1984), home care is recognized as: a. An essential service that is insured under the Canada Health Act b. An extended health service that is not insured under the Canada Health Act c. An essential service but the principles of the Canada Health Act do not apply d. An extended health service but the principles of the Canada Health Act do apply Correct Answer: b (page 74) 3. Which of the following statements best reflects the definition of home health nursing: a. Home health nursing focuses on the provision of care to only chronically ill patients of all ages b. Home health nurses work in isolation from other health care providers c. Home health nursing is delivered in the client’s home, school, workplace or other setting that requires nurses to travel from place to place to care for individuals d. Home health nursing focuses on health promotion initiatives only Correct Answer: c (page 77) 4. According to the Ontario Home Care Association (2011), the unique contribution of home health nurses is their ability to: a. Combine knowledge from primary health care, nursing science, and social science to focus on prevention of health deterioration and health restoration