Justice, Crime, and Ethics, 10th Edition Chapter 1: Ethics, Crime, and Justice: An Introductory Note to Students 1. The ____________ context is the first (innermost circle) for understanding justice, crime, and ethics. a. b. c. d.
criminal justice personal social community
ANS: b 2. The study of ____________ is an endeavor in which many of your beliefs and assumptions will be challenged. a. b. c. d.
politics society ethics all of the above
ANS: c 3. According to Braswell, which of the following is one of the goals for exploring ethics? a. b. c. d.
becoming more aware and open to moral and ethical issues developing critical thinking and analytical skills becoming more personally responsible all of the above
ANS: d 4. According to Braswell, the fifth goal of ethics exploration is to: a. b. c. d.
always be honest do community service develop wholesight develop relationships
ANS: c 5. Which of the following is not one of the contexts for understanding ethics? a. social
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1-2 b. psychological c. personal d. criminal justice ANS: b 6. Asking the question “ ____” is an important aspect of developing critical thinking skills. a. b. c. d.
how why when where
ANS: a 7. A goal of our ethics education is to understand how criminal justice is engaged in a process of _________. a. b. c. d.
racism sexism coercion impartiality
ANS: c 8. Developing___________ involves exploring ethical issues not only with your mind, but with your heart. a. b. c. d.
connectedness wholesight critical thinking skills responsibility
ANS: b 9. Asking meaningful questions require us to develop: a. b. c. d.
critical thinking skills analytical skills maturity both a and b
ANS: d 10. According to the test, which goal for exploring ethics is likely to give us hope for the
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1-3 future? a. b. c. d.
developing wholesight understanding that the criminal justice system is involved in coercion becoming more personally responsible becoming more aware and open to ethical issues
ANS: c 11. Criminal justice is the study of right and wrong, good and evil. a. True b. False ANS: b 12. Braswell suggests that as we grow older we learn to become wiser. a. True b. False ANS: b 13. According to the text, to become more responsible, we must increase our response time. a. True b. False ANS: b 14. According to Braswell, the study of justice, of good and evil, involves a sense of politics. a. True b. False ANS: b 15. According to the text, the study of ethics, crime, and justice will challenge your personal beliefs and assumptions. a. True b. False ANS: a
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1-4
16. Ethical acts involve not only the commission of wrongdoing, but omission of wrongdoing as well. a. True b. False ANS: b 17. According to the text, there are often differences between appearances and reality in the study of ethics. a. True b. False ANS: a 18. Ethics is the scientific study of morality. a. True b. False ANS: b 19. The three contexts for understanding justice, crime, and ethics are community, social, and economic. a. True b. False ANS: b 20. According to the text, wholesight creates a vision in which our minds and hearts, our thinking and feeling, work together for a common good. a. True b. False ANS: a
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Justice, Crime, and Ethics, 10th Edition Chapter 2: Utilitarian and Deontological Approaches to Criminal Justice Ethics 1. Mill’s higher order of pleasures includes: a. b. c. d.
sexual gratification fine foods poetry none of the above
ANS: c 2. Deontologists have argued that human beings sometimes have to make right decisions based upon nothing more than: a. b. c. d.
positive consequences a sense of duty avoiding pain all of the above
ANS: b 3. Factors relevant in calculating the amount of pleasure and pain produced by an action consist of these three things: a. b. c. d.
duration, intensity, probability probability, proximity, pleasure proximity, duration, probability none of the above
ANS: a 4. Justice theories address broad social issues, including human rights, distribution of wealth, and: a. b. c. d.
leadership education equality all of the above
ANS: c 5. The utilitarian holds that we evaluate the ____________ of an action in terms of the results or outcomes of that action.
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2-2 a. b. c. d.
legality validity viability morality
ANS: d 6. ____________ is one of the central ethical issues concerning criminal justice. a. b. c. d.
Deception Force Interrogation none of the above
ANS: b 7. The most famous deontologist was ____________. a. b. c. d.
John Mill Immanuel Kant Jeremy Bentham none of the above
ANS: b 8. ____________ believed one had a duty to make right choices regardless of the consequences. a. b. c. d.
Kohlberg Mill Kant Bentham
ANS: c 9. ____________ holds that the morality of an action is determined by the consequences produced by the action. a. b. c. d.
Bentham Functionalism Consequentialism a and c
ANS: d 10. When evaluating specific justice-related issues (such as how much power is given to
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2-3 police officers), which theory has a weakness of being too simplistic? a. b. c. d.
utilitarianism deontology both neither
ANS: c 11. Bentham holds that only actions that are done for the sake of duty have moral worth. a. True b. False ANS: b 12. According to deontologists, the fundamental principle of morality is the “categorical imperative.” a. True b. False ANS: a 13. The utilitarian holds that we should not judge the morality of an action in terms of the consequences or results of that action. a. True b. False ANS: b 14. Theories of justice address broad social issues, including human rights, equality, and distribution of wealth. a. True b. False ANS: a 15. Mill (1979) considered pleasures such as drinking and playing video games to be superior to “lower order” pleasures such as poetry and reading. a. True b. False
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2-4 ANS: b 16. Utilitarianism is classified as a consequentialist ethical theory. a. True b. False ANS: a 17. Deontologists would agree that justice involves the maximizing of pleasure for the majority, sometimes at the expense of the minority. a. True b. False ANS: b 18. The use of force is a central criminal justice ethical issue unique to the profession. a. True b. False ANS: a 19. A normative ethical theorist tries to discover basic, fundamental principles of right and wrong a. True b. False ANS: a 20. Interest in professional ethics has decreased steadily over the last 15 to 20 years. a. True b. False ANS: b 21. Utilitarianism is closely associated with deterrence theory. a. True b. False ANS: a
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Justice, Crime, and Ethics, 10th Edition Chapter 3: Justice, Ethics, and Peacemaking 1. A(n) ____________ may perceive danger in advocating ethical rules and principles because they may replace natural caring. a. b. c. d.
Christian rehabilitationist Taoist Indian
ANS: c 2. Nel Noddings advocates a ____________ approach to ethics. a. b. c. d.
feminine masculine mindful none of the above
ANS: a 3. ____________ may be explained as experiencing a more transcendent sense of awareness. a. b. c. d.
Mindfulness Wholesight Caring Connectedness
ANS: a 4. _________ relates to promoting societal growth through personal practice regardless of one’s spiritual perspective. a. b. c. d.
Christianity spirituality humanism folklore
ANS: c
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3-2 5. Which of the following is not one of the themes of peacemaking? a. b. c. d.
connectedness mindfulness caring virtue
ANS: d 6. The metaphor of “mother earth” best represents which theme of peacemaking? a. b. c. d.
Connectedness Care Mindfulness Duty
ANS: a 7. According to Braswell and McDowell, contemporary prisons are typically ____________ institutions that tend to perpetuate rather than diminish violence. a. b. c. d.
traditional violent punitive none of the above
ANS: b 8. ____________ has been said to be contemporary from a justice and criminology perspective, although its roots are grounded in ancient religious traditions. a. b. c. d.
Peacemaking Caring Mindfulness none of the above
ANS: a 9. ____________ reasoning is the mind-set that draws distinctions and discriminations between right and wrong. a. b. c. d.
Retributive Legal Moral all of the above
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