Test Bank for Criminal Justice Management 1st Edition by Stohr
ISBN: 9781071926512
Criminal Justice Management (1st)
ISBN 9781071926512 | Chapter 1
Total Questions: 55
Multiple Choice (35)
Q1. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Knowledge ______ was appointed London’s chief magistrate of Bow Street in 1748.
a) Robert Peel
b) Augustus Volmer
c) Henry Fielding ✓ correct
d) Herman Goldstein
Q2. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Application
Leo works for the English court. He is given the names of criminals to apprehend. When he brings them back, the victims pay him a fee. Leo is part of the ______.
a) the magistrates
b) the Bobbies
c) the Bow Street runners ✓ correct
d) the slave patrol
Q3. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Which of the following statements is true of the Bow Street Runners?
a) They worked for the state.
b) They were volunteers.
c) They were considered professionals. ✓ correct
d) They were well organized.
Q4. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Who was responsible for paying the Bow Street Runners?
a) the city
b) the court
c) the victims ✓ correct
d) the community
Q5. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Which of the following would you expect an officer in the Metropolitan police to be carrying?
a) a rattle ✓ correct
b) a rifle
c) a first aid kit
d) a walkie talkie
Q6. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Robert Peel felt that the test of police efficiency is the absence of ______.
a) violent gangs
b) police presence
c) community partnerships
d) crime and disorder ✓ correct
Q7. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
According to Robert Peel, as public cooperation ______ the need for physical force by the police ______.
a) decreased, decreased
b) decreased, increased
c) increased, decreased ✓ correct
d) increased, increased
Q8. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Which punishment was inflicted by informal patrols on enslaved people who broke slave codes?
a) death
b) flogging ✓ correct
c) prison
d) fines
Q9. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
What was the first state to have a professional police force?
a) New York ✓ correct
b) Delaware
c) Texas
d) Massachusetts
Q10. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Application
Davis works for the police department. He was appointed by Mayor Berkowitz and put on patrol right away without much training. He spends more of his time reminding citizens that they should support Mayor Berkowitz than he does solving crime. Davis is a police officer in the ______ era.
a) political ✓ correct
b) reform
c) professional
d) community oriented
Q11. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Which of the following statements best describes forensic techniques during the political era?
a) scientific
b) advanced
c) perfunctory
d) limited ✓ correct
Q12. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
What was one cause of rioting in the mid 19th century?
a) political involvement with police
b) experiments in medical schools ✓ correct
c) closings of factories
d) construction of railroads
Q13. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Application
In 1790, the Redding Railroad begins experiencing vandalism and the theft of cargo being transported across state lines. Who is responsible for investigating?
a) the sheriff
b) the U.S. Marshals ✓ correct
c) the FBI
d) the highway patrol
Q14. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
The strengths of this political era centered on the fact that police were integrated into ______.
a) families
b) neighborhoods ✓ correct
c) businesses
d) schools
Q15. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
During the political era, one reason corruption was high was that ______.
a) police provided social services
b) foot patrol was common
c) the automobile was invented
d) there was a lack of supervision ✓ correct
Q16. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Which of the following statement was true about job security of police officers during the political era?
a) It was for life.
b) It was dependent on political favor. ✓ correct
c) It was based on clearance rates.
d) It required citizen approval.
Q17. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
During what era of policing were the first police training schools established?
a) political
b) professional ✓ correct
c) community
d) technology
Q18. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Knowledge ______ was a pioneer of police professionalism from 1905 to 1932.
a) Robert Peel
b) August Vollmer ✓ correct
c) Herman Goldstein
d) Williard Oliver
Q19. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Application
Arthur is a police officer. He had to pass a physical fitness test and attended a training program. He uses the new technique of fingerprinting at work but spends time in the community helping to prevent time. Arthur is a police officer during the ______ era.
a) political
b) professional ✓ correct
c) problem solving
d) patrol
Q20. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
What issue Herbert Hoover to create the Wickersham Commission?
a) immigration
b) modernization
c) prohibition ✓ correct
d) deinstitutionalization
Q21. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Analysis
During the 1930s, which of the following events led to policewomen having a lesser role?
a) the increased emphasis in crime fighting ✓ correct
b) the development of police academies
c) the invention of the automobile
d) the industrialization of cities
Q22. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
During what era were the first empirical studies on police work conducted?
a) political
b) professional ✓ correct
c) community oriented
d) problem solving
Q23. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
During the 1930s, ______ emerged as the leading authority on police administration.
a) Robert Peel
b) August Vollmer
c) O.W. Wilson ✓ correct
d) Alice Stebbins Wells
Q24. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Application
Lizzie is a child living in Chicago during the 1950s. When does she most often see police officers?
a) when they are on foot patrol in her neighborhood
b) when they drive by in their police cars ✓ correct
c) when they are helping out at soup kitchens
d) then they come to her school to talk about drugs
Q25. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Which of the following was shown to be the most effective in catching offenders in criminal incidents?
a) random preventative patrol
b) rapid response time
c) educating the public ✓ correct
d) improving police response time
Q26. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Which of the following was a critique of police at the end of the reform era?
a) politicization of the police organization
b) lack of formal evaluation of practices
c) overreliance on traditional methods ✓ correct
d) failure to collaborate with international organizations
Q27. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
What police practice regained popularity in the 1970s and 80s?
a) foot patrol ✓ correct
b) two officer cars
c) professionalism
d) hierarchical structure
Q28. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Application Michaela is a police officer in a medium city. She spends a lot of her time on foot patrol getting to know the people in the neighborhood where she works. She has flexibility in how she spends her time and works to build relationships and understand the problems that people see as the most serious and works with them to develop solutions. Michaela is a police officer during the ______ era.
a) political b) reform
c) community ✓ correct
d) homeland security
Q29. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Research found that residents were supportive of ______ which led to a significant reduction of perceived crime problems.
a) faster response times
b) specialized units
c) police radios
d) foot patrol ✓ correct
Q30. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Application Ignacio is a police officer who recently started working in a new area. He know that there have been a number of recent drug overdoses in the area. Ignacio talks to residents about the reasons that people use drugs and why they become drug dealers. Ignacio works to improve programs for local youth and to help them find jobs. What approach to policing does Ignacio use?
a) professional
b) intelligence led
c) problem oriented ✓ correct
d) evidence based
Q31. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension Who first developed the model of problem oriented policing?
a) Robert Peel
b) August Volmer
c) J. Edgar Hoover
d) Herman Goldstein ✓ correct
Q32. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Knowledge According to Bayley and Shearing, policing has entered a “multilateralization” phase requiring the government to partner with ______.
a) private companies ✓ correct
b) political organizations
c) educational institutions
d) healthcare facilities
Q33. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Analysis Which of the following is a development that has occurred during the technology and globalization era?
a) specialized units for juveniles
b) polygraph tests
c) team policing
d) digital forensics ✓ correct
Q34. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Application
Latoya is a police officer in a large city. She is on a task force that works to combat human trafficking. Latoya has taken special trainings and is called in when other officers suspect trafficking may be occurring. She often coordinates efforts with officers in other countries. Latoya is a police officer in the ______ era.
a) political b) professional c) community
d) technology and globalization ✓ correct
Q35. [Multiple Choice] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
According to Williard Oliver, what era of policing began after the terrorist attacks of September 11th?
a) political
b) professional
c) community
d) homeland security ✓ correct
True/False (15)
Q36. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Most English people were eager for a professional police force by the time the Metropolitan Police formed.
a) True
b) False ✓ correct
Correct answer: False
Q37. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
The Metropolitan Police focused more on crime prevention than crime fighting. a) True ✓ correct b) False
Correct answer: True
Q38. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
The early Metropolitan Police had one of the highest turnover rates in history.
a) True ✓ correct
b) False
Correct answer: True
Q39. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
During the 1840s, sheriffs were the primary people responsible for dealing with crime and disorder. a) True
b) False ✓ correct
Correct answer: False
Q40. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
During the political era, police provided a range of social services from helping to find lost children to helping immigrants find work.
a) True ✓ correct
b) False
Correct answer: True
Q41. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
New York police and politicians established a quid pro quo relationship during the mid 1800s.
a) True ✓ correct
b) False
Correct answer: True
Q42. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
During the political era, police were closely integrated with the neighborhoods where they served and rarely used physical violence.
a) True
b) False ✓ correct
Correct answer: False
Q43. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Women’s role in policing decreased over the course of the professional era.
a) True ✓ correct
b) False
Correct answer: True
Q44. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Foot patrol was seen as an important method of increasing the professionalism and the image of police as crime fighters.
a) True
b) False ✓ correct
Correct answer: False
Q45. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
During the 1960s, there was a dramatic increase in fear of crime.
a) True ✓ correct
b) False
Correct answer: True
Q46. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Research found that patrolling in two person cars is safer for officers than patrolling in one person cars.
a) True
b) False ✓ correct
Correct answer: False
Q47. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
The community policing era began with the use of team policing.
a) True ✓ correct
b) False
Correct answer: True
Q48. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
The community era focused on an increase in the hierarchical structure of police agencies.
a) True
b) False ✓ correct
Correct answer: False
Q49. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Today, offenders are able to move illicit funds through cryptocurrency.
a) True ✓ correct
b) False
Correct answer: True
Q50. [True/False] · Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Police officers today prioritize counterterrorism efforts as their primary responsibility.
a) True
b) False ✓ correct
Correct answer: False
Essay (5)
Q51. [Essay] · Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Discuss one of Peel’s principles of policing and how it mirrors goals in community policing today.
Suggested answer: Sample response: The Metropolitan Police focused on relationships with the community. Their ability to be successful was dependent on having a relationship with the community. This relationship with the community is also a focus of community policing today. Community oriented policing seeks to make police more visible in the community so that citizens see the police as working for them not against them. Community policing emphasizes that police can only be successful with the help of the community.
Q52. [Essay] · Cognitive Domain: Analysis
What was the role of slave patrols in the development of law enforcement in the United States?
Suggested answer: Sample response: Slave patrols were some of the earliest organized forms of policing in the United States. As the name implies, their role included patrolling for and capturing runaway slaves, but they could also chastise or even kill slaves they found off plantations. In the South, they served as a form of social control be enforcing the institution of slavery and prevented potential protests by slaves. In a time before formal law enforcement was established, slave patrols were the main form of formal control in the South.
Q53. [Essay] · Cognitive Domain: Analysis
How did an increase in research on policing lead to the end of the professional era of policing?
Suggested answer: Sample response: Research found than many myths about policing were unfounded. Things like two person cars did not improve officer safety or increase the chances of solving crime. Rapid response time and number of arrests were not good metrics for determining the effectiveness of policing. Police were focusing their limited time and resources on certain tasks because that was the way it had always been done. This research led police to rethink their practices and led to a shift away from professionalism and crime fighting back to community collaboration.
Q54. [Essay] · Cognitive Domain: Analysis
How did strategies of community policing compare to those used in the political and reform eras?
Suggested answer: Sample response: Community oriented policing meant a return to some of the strategies used in the political era, such as a return to foot patrol and an emphasis on knowing the communities and working with the community to solve problems that were important to residents. However, unlike the political era, police were hired for merit not political favors and police officers were trained before being sent out to patrol. Police were expected to behave professionally but to work with rather than against the people they served.
Q55. [Essay] · Cognitive Domain: Application
Discuss one type of crime that exists today that did not exist in the past and how police have changed to address this.
Suggested answer: Sample response: Cybercrime is a new type of crime that did not exist in the past. As technology has improved, offenders can now commit offenses like fraud and scams online. The offenders may now be in different jurisdictions or even different countries than the victims, which means that police have to collaborate with outside agencies. Additionally, police need specialized skills to investigate and combat crimes that are committed online to properly respond.