Issuu

October 2026

Midland

Farmer

Rethink on water: Special look at the limiting factors for farm irrigation

Serving the farming industry across the Midlands

News Drought could last another six months Arable How to overcome autumn slug threat

Post-harvest Grain storage options when times are tight Professional Services Plan now before cashflow bites

Livestock Keep on top of calf disease Clodhopper Spare a thought for the hired help

Ploughing Championships: Celebrate 75th anniversary

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SERVICES

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Midland Farmer EDITORIAL Editor: Johann Tasker | T: 07967 634971 E: johann@ruralcity.co.uk

Design: Mark Shreeve | T: 01502 725839 E: mark.shreeve@micropress.co.uk

Advertisement production: Jade Soanes | T: 01502 725840 E: jade.soanes@micropress.co.uk Polly Coleman | T: 01502 725841 E: polly.coleman@micropress.co.uk

ADVERTISING SALES Danny Lewis | T: 01502 725862 E: danny.lewis@micropress.co.uk Emily Morris | T: 01502 725830 E: emily.morris@micropress.co.uk Lawrence Kenny | T: 01502 725860 E: Lawrence.kenny@micropress.co.uk

Midland Farmer is a controlled circulation magazine published monthly for farmers and growers in the Midlands (Derbyshire, Herefordshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Northamptonshire, Nottinghamshire, Shropshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, West Midlands and Worcestershire) or companies supplying goods and services to the sector. To be included on the circulation list, a farmer must have a minimum of 70 acres of land, or 50 dairy/beef stock, or 50 breeding sows/250 growing stock, or 15,000 laying hens/broiler chickens. Intensive horticulture units are required to have a minimum of two hectares.

OPINION Johann Tasker

Act now to get ahead of autumn uncertainty

ecent rain has been welcome after such an extraordinarily dry summer. Fields are greening up, drills are moving and, from the roadside at least, things are beginning to look reassuringly normal. Yet looks can be deceptive. Months of sustained rainfall are needed to replenish aquifers. Many farms could remain in drought until April. At the same time, flea beetle are back with a vengeance on oilseed rape and wetter weather has brought slugs back to the surface just as autumn crops are emerging. Market upheaval

There is similar upheaval in the grain market. Black Sea disruption and disappointing European crops are supporting prices, but plentiful global wheat stocks and hesitant buyers could quickly pull them the other way. Selling opportunities may emerge this autumn and winter, but they could be short-lived. The full consequences of the past season will gradually ratchet up over the coming months. As winter forage stocks tighten, so too will livestock cashflows. Growers too will continue to face challenges around grain prices. Forecasting those gaps now – and making plans to overcome them – will give farm businesses more time and more options than discovering them when cash becomes tight.

It also makes the question being posed at November’s National Farm Management Conference particularly timely: are today’s growers and livestock producers farmers or business managers? The answer, of course, is both. And doing both well is increasingly important for farm businesses to thrive at a time of economic and agronomic uncertanty. Knowing your numbers

Good farming will always depend on husbandry, experience and knowing your land. Increasingly, though, it also means knowing your numbers, watching markets and recognising trouble early enough to respond. As we have seen this year, noobody can control the weather, predict grain prices with 100% accuracy or know precisely what next season will bring. But businesses can take action to improve their ability to withstand all of those uncertainties. In farming, good management is increasingly about being proactive, taking decisive action, having a contingency plan and accepting we all need to be flexible in our thinking – making sure you are ready when the things you cannot control refuse to behave as expected. Johann Tasker Editor

If you no longer wish to receive this magazine, please email your name, address and postcode as it appears on the wrapper to gemma.mathers@micropress.co.uk © Countrywide Publications 2026 Published by Countrywide Publications, Fountain Way, Reydon Business Park, Reydon Suffolk IP18 6DH T: 01502 725800 Printed by Micropress Printers Ltd T: 01502 725800

Contents

Vol 15 • No 10 • October 2026

News . ................................................................... 4 Arable . ................................................................. 8 Post-harvest Technology ......................... 23

Winter Livestock ............................................31 Professional Services .................................. 39 Clodhopper ..................................................... 46

OCTOBER 2026 • MIDLAND FARMER 3

News Reservoir Drought threatens levels keep farm water into spring pressure on England faces prolonged drought

ater restrictions could continue into next year despite forecasts for a wetter autumn as the impact of the summer drought continues. Environment Agency modelling suggests 120% of typical rainfall is needed over the next seven months for all areas to recover. Even under the most likely weather scenario, East Anglia and Devon and Cornwall are expected to remain in drought until April. Defra water minister Emma Hardy said: “Recent rainfall is not yet enough to replenish all the water we’ve used over the last six months, and I will be carefully monitoring the actions of water companies which will be vital as we go through the autumn.”

Supply pressure Almost three-quarters of England remains in drought. The government is pressing water companies to maintain leakage reduction and follow drought plans as reservoir and groundwater levels continue to decline. There is roughly a one-in-four chance that about half of England will remain in drought next spring. The Environment Agency currently puts the risk of severe drought in the coming months at about 1%. Water demand rose by as much as 30% on the hottest summer days, says the government. England received just 56% of typical spring rainfall, followed by 64% during summer.

Great Brington village following the fifth summer heatwave of 2026

4 MIDLAND FARMER • OCTOBER 2026

Farm investment Agriculture is among the sectors facing pressure after drought contributed to a difficult harvest and tightened irrigation supplies. The government has announced a £65 million package for affected farmers. This includes up to £15 million towards on-farm reservoirs, aimed at allowing businesses to capture more water when rainfall is plentiful. Planning changes will also make it easier for non-water companies to develop reservoirs by allowing qualifying projects to be considered nationally significant infrastructure. Longer resilience Ministers are pursuing wider investment to increase water capacity as extreme weather puts greater pressure on existing infrastructure. Plans include nine major reservoirs by 2050, alongside desalination plants and water-transfer schemes. A further £100 million has been allocated to improve resilience to extreme weather and wildfires. The National Drought Group is now meeting weekly to monitor water resources and coordinate the response. Ms Hardy said water companies must continue acting during wetter weather. “They need to maintain momentum. We expect to see leaks fixed quickly, drought plans followed without delay and continued work to reduce demand to help avoid any further restrictions.”

farms

Low reservoir levels are keeping pressure on agricultural water supplies despite forecasts for a wetter-than-average autumn. Public reservoirs remain at concerning levels following the summer drought. Water supplies must continue to be balanced between farming, households and the environment, while companies work to secure supplies for next year.

Rain outlook “The drought situation remains very serious, and we cannot underestimate the challenge ahead over the coming months,” says Environment Agency chief executive Philip Duffy said The Met Office expects an increased likelihood of warmer and wetter-than-average autumn. This should help replenish water levels but it will take months of rain to erase the accumulated deficit. “The latest Met Office seasonal September to November outlook points towards the increased likelihood of a warmer and wetter than average autumn,” said Met Office head of environment and energy Sarah Davies. The developing El Niño could increase the chance of wet and windy conditions later in autumn.

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News

Crushed farmer urges rethink on safety

farmer crushed beneath 1,500kg of hay bales is backing calls for safer working practices after being told he had a 75% chance of never walking again. Will Dickinson suffered 12 broken ribs, eight spinal fractures and a fractured pelvis when three bales fell from a trailer on his family farm near Harpenden in Hertfordshire. Now recovering at home, the sixth-generation farmer hopes his experience will persuade others to reassess routine jobs and the risks of working alone. “I was doing a job I’ve done hundreds of times,” he said. “In hindsight I should have gone around to check if the bales were safely resting on the trailer.” The accident happened on June 20 as Mr Dickinson was loading hay alone. The trailer became unbalanced and three bales fell as he pulled a strap over the load. Despite the severity of his injuries, his first reaction was to contin-

ue working. “I didn’t feel much pain at the time. It was only later that I discovered how bad the injuries were and the impact they would have on me.” Mr Dickinson managed to reach his mobile phone while trapped and call for help. He was taken by air ambulance to the Royal London Hospital, where he spent six weeks. The prognosis was initially bleak. “I was told at the hospital there was a 75% chance I would never walk again, which was a huge shock. “I went through some very dark periods in those days after the accident. The thought of not being able to walk or care for myself for the rest of my life was devastating.” Two operations on his back and pelvis followed. More than two months after the accident, Mr Dickinson is home and expected to make a full recovery. Prompt treatment at the scene and specialist hospital care mean doctors now expect him to make a full recovery from his injuries.

“I’ve given myself a target of March next year to be back to how I was before the accident. I’m confident I will get there,” he said. “The care I received from the paramedics and from everyone at the hospital was amazing - it is now up to me.” His wife, Jan Dickinson, said the accident underlined the importance of carrying a charged mobile phone. “All farmers should have a mobile phone on them when lone working – if Will hadn’t been able to call for help and be treated quickly, his injuries could have been much worse,” said Ms Dickinson. “Will is so careful but these accidents can happen to anybody. I urge people to take extra care and prioritise their safety.” About 8,000 farm workers suffer non-fatal injuries in Britain each year, including life-changing incidents. Mr Dickinson, a former NFU East Anglia regional board chair and NFU Hertfordshire chair, is supporting the union’s work to promote safer working. “Farming can be a very dangerous job, with lots of pressure, often working alone for long hours, but you should never take your safety for granted,” he said.

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Agricultural

6 MIDLAND FARMER • OCTOBER 2026

Industrial & Construction

Earth Mover

#NeverStopRising

Forestry

“DRAINAGE IS AN INVESTMENT AND NOT A COST AS YOU CANNOT FARM WET LAND” All drainage is important whether its for 1 acre or 100 acres. Here is an example of an area where the existing drainage had failed to such an extent it could not be planted and was left fallow this year.

Our investigation showed that the 6” main had failed, but fortunately most of the laterals were ok. Although the old clay tiles were just about past their “use by” date.

Last month we mentioned how hard the soil was and how it was wearing down the digging teeth on the trencher quicker than usual. Well, this site went one better and threw a beach ball sized boulder at us!!

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Arable Rain revives slug threat to crops this autumn • Drought fails to remove threat • Monitoring guides pellet timing • Calibration improves accuracy

ecent rain has restarted autumn drilling and revived the prospect of serious slug damage in emerging crops after the dry summer, ADAMA UK has warned. Growers are being reminded to monitor fields, study forecasts and prepare calibrated spreaders. Slug pellets should be used only after surface activity is confirmed and when settled weather will protect the application. “Given how hot and dry conditions were throughout the summer, there's an assumption that the threat posed by slugs could be reduced this autumn,” said David Griffiths, technical manager for crop protection specialists Adama UK. “Unfortunately, that's not strictly true as although slugs need moisture to remain active, they are exceptionally well adapted to surviving adverse conditions.” Wet weather prompts surviving slugs to seek fresh seedlings. Damage at emergence can destroy entire plants. Delayed treatment can therefore expose growers to establishment losses.

8 MIDLAND FARMER • OCTOBER 2026

“

Regular slug counts are a priority.

Above right: David Griffiths: Monitoring essential Slug activity is threatening seedlings this autumn despite the dry summer

Regular slug counts are a priority. Growers should also check the forecast closely, said Mr Griffiths. Spreaders should be calibrated and ready once slugs appear and a favourable, settled period is expected. “Slug pellets should only be applied once slugs have been seen on the soil surface, and only if weather conditions are favourable,” he added.

Precision Products should not be spread immediately before heavy rain because poorer quality pellets can degrade quickly. A failed application can leave seedlings exposed. Pellet dimensions, weight and shape influence spreading ballistics and application accuracy. Equipment must be set up correctly. ADAMA recommends a forward speed of about 12kph to maintain a consistent spread. Two key pellet types from Adama are manufactured to a 2.5mm by 2.0mm specification. Gusto Iron contains 2.94% ferric phosphate, while Ferrabait contains one per cent elemental iron. At typical field rates, both products are designed to provide 40 to 50 baiting points per square metre. Their bright blue colour allows growers to assess coverage in seedbeds and judge when a second appli-

cation is needed, says Mr Griffiths. Adama claims the two products suppress slug appetites after ingestion. Its Desidro Technology uses a two-stage drying process intended to balance wet-weather persistence with palatability and improve resistance to mould. Independent trials cited by the business found that both pellets retained their shape, colour and palatability and remained mould-free for up to a week longer than other leading brands in wet conditions. “Developing and manufacturing high quality slug pellet takes a lot of time, research and testing,” said Mr Griffiths, “so it isn't safe to assume that different products will offer the same level of protection.”

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Arable

Time to rethink potato irrigation strategy • Hotter seasons need faster response • Crops require more water • Key constraint is speed of delivery

otato growers may need to rethink irrigation as climate change exposes a growing gap between having enough water and being able to apply it quickly enough, says an independent expert. A potato crop can use 6-7mm of water a day during prolonged dry weather, according to potato consultant Mark Stalham. That could require 25mm every four days rather than the traditional weekly irrigation cycle. For some businesses, existing equipment cannot keep pace. Summer 2026 exposed shortcomings in irrigation capacity, storage and field infrastructure. More frequent droughts could also influence rotations, variety choice and the area of irrigated potatoes grown. “An inch or 25 millimetres of water is now required every four days,” said Dr Stalham. “That’s pretty astounding when growers realise that they can’t irrigate their whole crop every seven days, let alone every four.”

Delivery pressure The challenge is particularly acute on light sandy soils. At around 32°C, Dr Stalham estimates there may be only 12mm of readily available water before potatoes begin to experience stress.

10 MIDLAND FARMER • OCTOBER 2026

That could mean irrigating every two days to maximise yield. For businesses designed around a seven-day rotation, this presents an obvious capacity problem. An abstraction licence or reservoir does not ensure sufficient water reaches crops at the optimum time if pumping and application capacity are inadequate. Holding water back can also prove counterproductive. Yield potential may already have been compromised before stored water is applied.

“

If you’ve got water, use it when the crop actually needs it and you’ll get the biggest yield response “If you’ve got water, use it when the crop actually needs it and you’ll get the biggest yield response. That means applying water when the crop first comes under stress, and then again when it needs it, rather than preserving water for a theoretical ‘rainy day’.” Irrigation equipment and storage also represent substantial fixed costs, so unused capacity can undermine returns.

“If you’ve got a licence, pump it,” said Dr Stalham. “Pump it somewhere. Give it to your neighbour. Move it from one stream to another. Put it in a reservoir. If you’re not using it, somebody or another industry will come and take it away.” A farm may therefore have sufficient water on paper, but that means little if equipment cannot deliver the required volume during peak demand.

System economics Drip irrigation can deliver water precisely, but Dr Stalham cautioned against treating it as a universal answer. Drip operates at relatively low pressure and volume, so existing high-pressure systems may require redesign. Pump efficiency can suffer when pressure is reduced substantially, while installation carries significant fixed costs. So do evaporative losses. “On a 29°C day, it is estimated that evaporative losses from sprinklers are at around 5%. In hotter conditions such as 3738°C, with moderate wind, the potential loss is between 12 and 18%, but losses from large-nozzle rain guns are <10%. “This highlights the importance of understanding the irrigation system, the crop, the soil and the economics as a whole, rather than just focusing on the technology.” Early-season timing is equally important. Dr Stalham describes the first irrigation applications as crucial to building the crop’s “solar panel”. Rapid canopy development increases light interception and drives tuber production. “In a typical maincrop situation, two irrigation doses separated by around 7–10 days can help take ground cover from roughly 30% to 70–80%, then towards full canopy. But once that canopy has been built, the water requirement does not disappear. It increases because the crop now has a large evaporative surface to maintain.”

Rainfall during early June was therefore particularly valuable in 2026. Some 30-70mm fell across much of the UK during the first 10 days, helping crops establish their canopy and reducing the immediate need for irrigation.

Establishment race A hotter, potentially shorter effective growing season also puts greater value on rapid establishment. Bright conditions allow potatoes to accumulate yield quickly when water is available, but crops have less time to recover when growth is interrupted. That has implications for planting dates, variety selection, crop protection and harvest planning. Longer-season indeterminate varieties may continue rooting and exploit later rainfall. However, that does not automatically translate into greater yield. “Longer-season types may have greater opportunity to continue rooting and potentially capture later rainfall, but that does not mean they automatically convert access to water into yield. They remain dependent on adequate water supply if their yield potential is to be realised and stress avoided.”

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Clockwise from above: In drought years, potato crops need more water than some systems deliver Paul Goddard: rapid establishment Mark Stalham: water capacity

BASF business development manager Paul Goddard said agronomy should encourage rapid and even establishment. “For both determinate and indeterminate varieties, we’ve seen real benefits from using the Xemiumbased Allstar in-furrow – it gets the crop off to a good start.” Mr Goddard said emergence was more than a week earlier than other in-furrow treatments in some seasons. “A week of light interception in June is worth three weeks in September.” Water stress can also complicate disease management. Drought-stressed plants may become more vulnerable to some pathogens, while very dry conditions can suppress other diseases. Physiological stress, nutrient deficiencies and disease can also produce overlapping symptoms, making careful diagnosis

important. For growers planning future potato enterprises, water volume, abstraction rights, storage and application capacity must increasingly be considered alongside soils, varieties and crop establishment. Planning solely around historic weekly water requirements may leave businesses exposed during periods of intense demand. “Growers cannot necessarily rely on the historical assumption that rainfall will arrive when a crop needs it, said Dr Stalham “We need to consider and adapt strategies now, so we are prepared for future seasons. Four of the last eight years have seen crops impacted by weather stress. It is no longer a question of ‘what if we have a dry season’, but more ‘when’.”

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Arable

Hub targets better returns from phosphates

rowers are being urged to examine how effectively crops use phosphorus before spending money on further applications, as new tools seek to improve returns from fertiliser inputs. A new Phosphate Stewardship Hub shifts the focus from how much nutrient is applied to how much crops can access. It uses yield, grain analysis and soil information to identify where phosphorus uptake is restricted. Launched by De Sangosse with support from ADAS, the hub is based on the premise that soil indices alone can provide an incomplete picture. Soils may contain significant phosphorus reserves while crops struggle to obtain enough at critical periods. “It’s not how much phosphorus you apply. It’s how much the crop can access and use,” De Sangosse said. The hub builds on the company’s Phosphate Stewardship Guide, developed with ADAS. It encourages growers to use the harvested crop to assess their existing strategy. Yield and grain analysis can calcu-

late phosphorus offtake. Results can then be compared with soil analysis, rooting, establishment and field observations to identify constraints. ADAS senior research scientist Christina Baxter said harvest provided a valuable opportunity to assess performance. “The harvested crop is effectively the report card for the season,” she said. “Grain analysis, combined with yield information, can be used to calculate actual phosphorus offtake and provide greater insight into how effectively the crop has captured phosphorus.” Evidence from the ADAS Yield Enhancement Network has found big variations in grain phosphorus concentrations and crop offtake, including between crops grown at similar soil phosphorus indices. The findings suggest growers should look beyond soil status when deciding how to manage phosphate. The hub divides potential limitations into three areas: crop

Better phosphate use reduces input costs, says Christina Baxter

access to phosphorus, its availability and the utilisation of existing soil reserves. De Sangosse commercial technical manager Rob Suckling said: “Rather than starting with what to apply, we want growers and agronomists to start by asking what is limiting phosphorus uptake. “Once you understand whether the challenge relates to access, availability or utilisation of existing soil reserves, you can make a much more informed decision about what needs to change.” Options are organised around three principles: Protect, Place and Unlock. Protect aims to maintain the availability of applied phosphate. Place focuses on improving root access to fertiliser, while Unlock seeks to use reserves already held in the soil. A new Phosphate Clinic video series accompanies the hub. Dr Baxter and Mr Suckling examine harvest results, poor phosphorus access and ways of diagnosing constraints.

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12 MIDLAND FARMER • OCTOBER 2026

Sparkler shines with repeat orders after drought test • Wheat tops farm performance • Growers increase autumn area • Robust yields despite drought

parkler winter wheat has won repeat orders from growers after topping yields on two farms despite prolonged drought and an unusually early harvest. The Group 4 soft wheat yielded up to 8.65t/ha during its first commercial season since joining the Recommended List in December 2025. Growers also reported good standing ability and relatively straightforward disease management. For Shropshire farmer Andrew Dalton, the result prompted a fivefold increase in the area planned for this autumn. Mr Dalton, who farms near Bridgnorth, grew just over 8ha of the variety last season. It was drilled at 115kg/ha on 19 September.

Farm results The crop received a standard pre-emergence herbicide followed by a postemergence treatment and aphicide. A conventional four-spray fungicide programme was used, with no additional rust treatment required. “Overall, I would say it was pretty straightforward to manage despite the presence of yellow rust in our crops,” said Mr Dalton, who is drilling 40ha of Sparkler this autumn. “It stood well, remaining pretty clean throughout the year, and kept its green leaf a bit longer than the other wheats we’d drilled around the same time.” Harvested on 22 July, Sparkler averaged 8.65t/ha. That made it the farm’s highest-yielding winter wheat despite being grown on light land during near-drought conditions from May onwards. The variety also topped the farm performance table for Lincolnshire grower Paul Sheardown, who farms in the Vale of Belvoir near Grantham. He drilled 20ha as a first wheat after maize. Sparkler was grown alongside Arnie, Scope and Champion. All four varieties established well, although Sparkler appeared noticea-

bly slower during spring. It remained healthy and clean, with no septoria or rust observed.

Rainfall deficit The main challenge came from exceptionally dry weather. Only 72mm of rain fell between 16 March and midJuly, compared with the farm’s normal monthly rainfall of 50-60mm. The conditions resulted in its earliest harvest on record. Sparkler was the last of the four wheat varieties to be cut, on 16 July. It yielded 8.3t/ha and beat the farm’s next-best winter wheat by about 0.5t/ha. “Of the four varieties we grew, Sparkler never looked the best variety at any stage,” said Mr Sheardown. “However, at the weighbridge, where it really counts, it delivered on the old adage of ‘looks for show, yield for dough’.” The crop received 220kg/ha of nitrogen in two applications during March and April. Like Mr Dalton, Mr Sheardown says he will certainly grow the variety again. Disease challenge Results were less clear-cut for Herefordshire farmer Ruth Gilder, but Sparkler remained competitive during a difficult season. She grew 12.6ha

Sparkler delivered competitive yields despite drought

Andrew Dalton is growing more Sparkler this autumn

near Ledbury as a first wheat following turnip seed. It was drilled on 25 September into medium Grade 2 loam. Alongside drought pressure, crops faced barley yellow dwarf virus after the farm entered a Sustainable Farming Incentive option that prevented insecticide use. Ms Gilder reported no BYDV symptoms in Sparkler. The crop also stood well and required no T3 fungicide. Harvested on 21 July, it averaged 7.14t/ha. That was in line with, or slightly ahead of, three other wheat varieties grown on the farm. “Sparkler showed great resilience in overcoming both yellow rust and BYDV, making it one of our cleanest crops. It coped better with the dry conditions than most of our other wheats and was consequently one of our last crops to be cut.”

OCTOBER 2026 • MIDLAND FARMER 13

Arable

Late blight risk threatens potato crops as rain returns • Resistant strains found twice • Rain raises late infection risk • Call to maintain protection

otato growers are being warned against cutting fungicide programmes too soon after resistant late blight was detected at two sites and wetter weather increased the risk of late-season infection. The EU_46 strain was identified in Shropshire and Lancashire before conditions turned dry. Although disease pressure has remained unusually low most of the season, rain and surviving green leaf is an opportunity for blight to develop before harvest. “We learned last year that even in a dry year it can still turn wet late in the season and then, all of a sudden, EU_43 or EU_46 appears,” said Agrii lead technical advisor for potatoes Ed Maule. Monitoring has found no EU_43 this season. But the two EU_46 outbreaks underline the need to maintain chemistry alternation and protect against resistance, said David Cooke, a senior research development scientist at James the Hutton Institute.

Resistant strains “Now we have had some rain, it’s good to put some focus back onto blight programmes,” said Dr Cooke. “It can still infect low levels of green leaf late in the season, and volunteers will need managing.” The warning is particularly relevant because EU_43 was first identified on a volunteer last autumn. The origin of this season’s EU_46 outbreaks remains uncertain. Evidence points towards airborne spores because infection spread across the field at one site. “Fortunately, these outbreaks have been controlled by good programmes, alternating chemistry, and a bit of luck because of the weather becoming so dry,” said Dr Cooke. Disease priorities have been different across eastern England, where Alternaria and maintaining green leaf 14 MIDLAND FARMER • OCTOBER 2026

have demanded more attention. Mr Maule said protecting the canopy had been important in varieties such as Nectar, where maintaining green leaf allows crops to continue bulking late in the season. “We have some varieties like Nectar that can produce big yields, but we have really had to focus on canopy retention if we are going to hit that potential with late season bulking,” he said.

“

It can still infect low levels of green leaf late in the season

Programmes have therefore included products with elicitation or plantstimulus effects. Mr Maule has used Voyager, containing valifenalate and fluazinam, and Privest, containing ametoctradin and potassium phosphonates. Innocul8, a peptide-based plant defence elicitor containing zinc and manganese, has also featured. Final protection Foliar nutrition has played a greater role as growers sought to maintain healthy canopies during difficult growing conditions. Attention is now shifting back towards late

Growers should maintain lateseason blight protection, says Ed Maule. Below: David Cooke: Volunteers need managing

and tuber blight with crops in their final weeks. Mr Maule said spray intervals may need shortening where green leaf remains, with programmes adjusted towards products offering appropriate late-season protection. “Where there is still green leaf that needs protecting from blight, Lieto (cymoxanil + zoxamide) will form the backbone of programmes from now on,” he said. “We will alternate with Ranman Top (cyazofamid), Shinkon (amisulbrom) or Infinito (fluopicolide + propamocarb) for tuber blight protection.” For growers, the lesson from another dry season is that low disease pressure does not remove the threat. “Even though this season will largely be known for very low pressure, we knew at the start that it would still need a flexible approach,” said Mr Maule. The Fight Against Blight website relies on reports of outbreaks to monitor blight strains circulating in Britain. It is run by the James Hutton Institute with potato industry support. For details, visit blight.hutton. ac.uk

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Arable

‘Marginal gains can treble arable profits’ • Small changes transform margins • Cultivation choices can cut costs • No-till savings require scrutiny

mall improvements could almost treble profits on a typical arable farm, say experts – highlighting the need to scrutinise all parts of the business. A 400ha arable enterprise making £16,800 could lift net profit by 166% to £44,600 by raising output by 5% while cutting fixed and variable costs by the same proportion, according to agronomy advisers Hutchinsons. Based on standard industry costings, the example was presented by Hutchinsons farm consultant Tom Hind at a cultivation event near York. Modest changes can have a disproportionate effect when businesses operate on thin margins, he said.

Margin gains Growers should examine everything from cultivation strategy and soil management to inputs, machinery and insurance. While individual savings might appear insignificant, their combined effect could improve business performance, he said. “That’s how we can bring profitability into an enterprise where margins are very constrained,” said Mr Hind. Finding gains will vary between arable businesses. But Mr Hind said the principle was to question costs rather than assume established practices remained the most efficient option. “That varies for every business, but the key is to consider every aspect, from the farm management system you use, and cultivation strategy, to soil health, variable inputs, and even your insurance renewal.” He added: “The easiest money to make is the money you don’t spend.” Cultivations offer one area where savings may be available because unnecessary soil movement adds fuel, labour and wearing-part costs without necessarily improving establishment.

Farmers examine cultivation options during the open event

“

The easiest money to make is the money you don’t spend

Mr Hind highlighted subsoiling as an example. Depth should be determined by the position of compaction rather than a standard approach across every field, he told listeners at Little Grange Farm, Pocklington. “What’s the point of subsoiling to 12 inches if the compacted layer is at 6 inches? It won’t fully rectify the issue – and will cost more money in fuel and wearing parts.”

Soil decisions Hosted by H S Thirsk & Son, around 200 farmers attended the Hutchinsons event, which combined machinery demonstrations with advice on soil health, cultivation strategy and cost management. Working plots featured Sumo equipment, including a direct drill, close-coupled toolbar, T-Press highspeed tine press and Multipress tine cultivator. Tractors supplied by Wilfred Scruton Ltd ranged from 140hp to 500hp. A soil pit also allowed growers to examine the structure of the farm’s sandy clay loam over chalk. The aim was to demonstrate why cultivation decisions should reflect individual soil conditions rather than a predetermined system. That approach is more important as input costs remain volatile. Agronomist Sam Hugill said stronger wheat prices had improved sentiment among some growers, although higher oil prices threatened to increase fuel and fertiliser bills.

“We all need to continue doing everything we can to ensure that farm businesses remain profitable in what is an increasingly unpredictable economy and climate,” said Mr Hugill.

System risks Reducing cultivation intensity may appear an obvious response. Mr Hugill said more farmers were considering the zero-tillage option within the Sustainable Farming Incentive as a route to lower costs, improve soils and generate income. But he cautioned against making wholesale changes solely on the basis of headline fuel savings. Soil condition, rotation and weed pressure could determine whether the economics worked in practice. “Again, it all comes down to understanding your soils, and how they behave, as well as the implications a notill strategy has for crop rotation and other aspects, such as weed control,” said Mr Hugill. “You might use 50% less fuel under a no-till system compared with the plough, but if crops don’t establish as well because the soil isn’t ready for it, or there are increased grassweed issues that need addressing, those savings could soon be lost.” The wider lesson is that lower-cost farming does not necessarily mean adopting the least intensive cultivation system. Instead, growers should identify what each field requires – and avoid operations that deliver little value. OCTOBER 2026 • MIDLAND FARMER 17

Arable

BSPB drops site ratings to simplify maize choice • Four lists replace site ratings • Ten varieties join 2027 lists • Yields rise across decade

lant breeders have changed the way the recommend forage maize varieties because climate change is making local growing conditions harder to forecast. The British Society of Plant Breeders said it was replacing its site-based forage maize variety classifications with four maturity and performance lists for 2027 – aiming to give growers a clearer route through variety selection. The move will see the BSPB drop the former favourable, very favourable and less favourable site categories. Instead, it is ranking varieties as first or second choice in short-mid or mid-long season groups. The change, which follows a review, seeks to give farms a starting point based on required maturity and target harvest date, before they compare performance. The revised system draws on results from the full 13-site trial network.

New framework “The new descriptive lists are designed to make variety selection more straightforward for growers, while ensuring the data behind them reflects performance across a wide range of UK growing conditions,” said Ellie Roberts, Niab forage crop specialist and BSPB maize trial coordinator. The organisation reviewed its trial programme as increasingly variable seasons exposed the limits of assigning sites a fixed growing classification. Conditions can differ sharply between 18 MIDLAND FARMER • OCTOBER 2026

Maize trials now compare variety performance across 13 UK sites Photo: Natascha Kaukorat / Shutterstock.com

“

Ten new varieties join the 2027 Descriptive Lists

years, influencing trial outcomes. The updated analysis examines each variety across all conditions, rather than seeking to forecast its performance through a site label. The lists contain a small overlap between the short-mid and mid-long groups. BSPB said this will help growers compare varieties around maturity boundaries. First choice and second choice varieties can then be assessed within the relevant group. The lists provide parameters including dry matter and ME yield per hectare, starch percentage and cell wall digestibility. They also score early vigour, standing power and eyespot resistance. Ten new varieties join the 2027 Descriptive Lists. Short-mid season additions are KWS Giso, RGT Duxxford, LG Highlight, Katelego and KWS Marcopolo. The Mid-Long Season list gains DKC2644, Wesley, KWS Pluvio, Revelation and KWS Norento. KWS, RAGT, Limagrain, Bayer and Grainseed supply the new entries. Among the mid-long entrants, DKC2644 and KWS Pluvio posted the highest dry matter yields, at 19.4 t DM/ha each. Their dry matter contents were 34.0% and 31.3% respectively. Katelego delivered the top ME yield of 222k MJ/ha and the highest starch content, 35.6%, at 35.1% dry matter. KWS Giso led starch results among the new short-mid varieties at 39.2%, followed by RGT Duxxford at 36.3%. LG Highlight yielded 19.0 t/ha at 35.9% dry matter and produced 220k MJ/ha of ME yield. BSPB said trial results point to longer-term breeding progress. Forage maize dry matter yields have ris-

en by more than 2 t/ha in trials over the past decade. Starch content has increased by 2.7 per cent, while ME concentration has gained almost 0.5 MJ/kg. “Breeding continues to deliver improvements in yield, starch and energy, while the trial programme is also challenging breeders to improve performance and nutrient use efficiency under increasingly variable growing conditions,” said Ms Roberts. The descriptive list programme follows national variety list testing. Since the UK exited the EU, maize varieties sold in the country must be tested in UK conditions and accepted on the APHA national variety list.

Robust data Niab and plant breeders carry out trial work under contract to BSPB. Entry requires at least two years of robust trial data from six English locations. Varieties must complete an additional year of descriptive list trials across 13 sites before publication. Trials follow standard protocols, which are reviewed annually, and inspectors check compliance. NIAB independently verifies and analyses the data. A panel of farmers, breeders, nutritionists and agronomists reviews the list annually. BSPB said the process provides independent evaluation to support forage systems in a changeable UK climate. Growers can identify a maturity band, set against their intended harvest date, then weigh output and crop traits. The revised format is intended to make selection more direct in 2027. The full lists are available from BSPB and NIAB websites. They give growers the latest independent performance data for the coming growing season. For businesses balancing forage requirements with variable conditions, the change shifts attention from broad site labels to comparable trial performance. It also keeps maturity at the centre of the buying decision.

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Arable

Breeder adds five maize varieties for 2027

ive maize varieties from KWS have been added to the 2027 Maize Descriptive List, widening the breeder’s offer across forage, anaerobic digestion and grain markets. Additions range from early-maturing KWS Giso to KWS Pluvio, the company’s highest-yielding newcomer. KWS says the broader choice will help growers match maturity and harvest date more closely to site conditions, growing season and end use. “These varieties give growers a really useful spread of maturity types, so there’s an option to suit different sites, harvest timings and end uses, whether that’s livestock forage, AD or grain,” said Andrew Cook, KWS maize product manager.

Harvest choice KWS Giso has the highest dry matter content of the newcomers at 41.3%, said Mr Cook. It yields 17.2t/ha of dry matter, with 39.2% starch and metabolisable energy of 11.66MJ/kg DM. The short-season hybrid is also suited to early grain production, includ-

ing crimping. “KWS Giso is a particularly interesting addition where early maturity and harvest security are priorities,” said Mr Cook. Meanwhile, Katelego targets the mainstream forage sector, yielding 19.0t/ha of dry matter. It has a starch content of 35.6%, starch yield of 6.77t/ha and an ME yield of 222,000MJ/ha. Both KWS Giso and Katelego are EnergyBOOST varieties aimed at dairy producers seeking higher output per cow and hectare. KWS Marcopolo produces 18.4t/ ha of dry matter with 34.6% starch. It can also be used for biogas and grain production, with breeding focused on faster grain dry down to reduce drying costs or enable earlier harvesting. “The focus of this programme is to maintain grain yields, and increase grain dry down on the plant to reduce the associated drying costs, or alternatively allow an earlier grain harvest,” said Mr Cook. Later-maturing KWS Pluvio leads the newcomers for dry matter yield

The five varieties from KWS include KWS Giso

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OCTOBER 2026 • MIDLAND FARMER 21

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Post-harvest Technology Volatility offers grain sellers opportunities Supply risk underpins nearby values

ereal growers with crops in store face a volatile six months, with physical supply risks supporting prices but ample global wheat stocks weighing on the market. Black Sea disruption, disappointing European crops and tighter nearby availability are underpinning markets. Yet ADM Agriculture warns that investment funds have built historically large and long positions in wheat. Any easing of geopolitical tensions could trigger selling and send prices sharply lower, said the trader in a September update. “The scale of speculative positioning makes any geopolitical breakthrough potentially very bearish,” it added. The result could be a market characterised by short-lived selling opportunities rather than a sustained rise through autumn and winter – depending on what happens in regions such as the Black Sea. Repeated attacks on Russian and Ukrainian port infrastructure have disrupted trade and increased the cost and risk of moving grain. Russian wheat remains competitive at about $210/t FOB, but execution has become more difficult. European availability is also causing concern. ADM points to French heat stress and Germany’s projected 20.8m-tonne wheat crop, while logistical problems on the Danube are restricting regional trade. Larger global supplies could limit gains. The AHDB reported global

wheat stocks for 2026-27 at 276.3m tonnes, three million tonnes above previous expectations, following increased Australian and Canadian crop forecasts.

Demand test Demand remains the weak link. ADM said Saudi Arabia had cancelled a 535,000t tender, highlighting buyer resistance to current prices, although Pakistan subsequently tendered for 750,000t. UK demand is mixed too. AHDB said flour millers used 14% less wheat in July than a year earlier, largely because of lower bioethanol production. Brewers, maltsters and distillers used 19% less barley. That leaves growers balancing supply concerns against the possibility that buyers simply refuse higher prices.

Grain growers face volatile markets as supply risks confront weaker demand

Feed barley may have stronger underlying domestic support. ADM describes supplies as tight, while attractive prices relative to other grains should encourage its use in livestock rations. Forage shortages could provide another floor. Growers in livestock areas are already reluctant sellers because of concerns over winter feed availability. Malting barley is less straightforward. Poor grain retention and high nitrogen levels have reduced availability of specification crop, but maltsters remain cautious buyers. Strong feed values are also squeezing malting premiums. For growers, the next six months favour active marketing rather than waiting the market to peak.

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Post-harvest Technology Growers should assess individual fields before subsoiling

After inspecting his own soils, Mr Oliver sees little justification for subsoiling. “Deep cultivation in very dry soils will increase metal wear and machinery damage for little agronomic pay off.”

Post-harvest soil check could cut autumn costs Dry soils demand assessment

rowers could avoid unnecessary cultivation costs by checking soil structure and nutrient reserves this autumn – rather than following a standard post-harvest cropestablishment programme. An unusually early harvest has provided more time for field assessments, while prolonged drought means soil conditions may differ significantly from a normal season, says BASISqualified agronomist Will Oliver. Residual nitrogen could also be higher in some fields because dry weather reduced leaching and crops matured early, explained Mr Oliver, who also farms in his own right on the Leicestershire-Warwickshire border.

Dig first Growers should resist assuming that hard ground requires remedial cultivation, he added. “Instead of focusing on what you’ve done historically, or what others are doing, let your soil dictate what action you take.” Mr Oliver recommends using a

“

Let your soil dictate what action you take

spade to assess structure in individual fields before bringing out cultivation equipment. “If soils were in good condition before, there’s no reason to assume they won’t recover once moisture returns,” he said. Cracks and channels created during the drought could improve water infiltration when rainfall returns, he added. Light discing could provide a lower-cost alternative where intervention is required.

Will Oliver: Evidence-led approach

Nutrient reserves Growers should take a similarly evidence-led approach to autumn nutrition, particularly for oilseed rape, said Sam Leadbeater, sales manager for crop nutrition specialists OCI UK and Ireland. “Good nutrition at establishment is key for OSR, particularly ensuring phosphate, potash and sulphur availability.” Soil and tissue testing can identify deficiencies rather than growers applying nutrients routinely. Residual soil nitrogen could be particularly difficult to predict this autumn. “With little rainfall, there’s been less leaching or run-off, while crops also matured much earlier, cutting nitrogen uptake short,” said Mr Leadbeater. But reserves will vary because some growers reduced nitrogen applications earlier in the season. “That’s why soil testing will be particularly important this year.” Target inputs Where autumn nitrogen is justified, Mr Leadbeater recommends considering sulphur alongside it to improve nitrogen use efficiency. Sulphur helps plants convert nitrogen into proteins by supporting the formation of amino acids and enzymes. More broadly, the wider message is to use the extended post-harvest period to establish what individual fields require before spending money. “This year, soil condition and nutrient demand will vary field to field,” said Mr Leadbeater. “Use the extra time to test, assess and base decisions on what each field actually needs.” With margins under pressure, avoiding an unnecessary cultivation pass or fertiliser application could prove as valuable as choosing the right input, he concluded.

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OCTOBER 2026 • MIDLAND FARMER 25

Post-harvest Technology

Investing for the future Many on-farm grain stores need investment – but after a tough year, what is are the best options? Scott McArthur has the answers 1. After a difficult harvest, why should a cashstrapped cereal grower consider investing in grain storage now rather than postponing it?

I think for many growers it makes sense to make do and see what happens over the next 12 months. Decisions should be made based on a long-term plan. It is quite common for us to replace 40-yearold systems as part of a once in a generation type renewal of a grain storage infrastructure. We also find that due to the challenges in the industry some growers are expanding their operation, and an efficient consolidated grain storage/drying plant is essential to manage operational costs. Another reason growers might invest is if they are building a grain system to add value and potentially offer a service to others through crop cleaning. I certainly believe the current challenges remind us of the importance of a robust and resilient business case. And if there is a robust, resilient business case then the sooner it is implemented the sooner the benefits are recognised. 2. What is the strongest financial case for owning more storage: lower drying costs, avoiding harvest movement, better marketing opportunities, or something else?

Every farm business is different in terms of cropping, staff, and the availability of local grain storage providers/processors. Needless to say, markets, transport and rainfall have a big impact on what you get paid but unfortunately none are easy to predict. The strongest financial case for owning your own facilities is not to guarantee the highest turnover on a given year, but to remove some unpredictability by controlling costs This makes planning and future decision making much easier. 3. This year much of the crop has come off unusually dry. Has that changed the way farmers should think about drying capacity, or would it be a mistake to design a system around one exceptional harvest?

I think the only sensible way to approach it is to look at the past 10 years, take an average to determine requirements and then factor in any expansion plans. We certainly don’t need to build the doomsday scenario but do need to plan how grain will be managed in wetter years when drying 26 MIDLAND FARMER • OCTOBER 2026

the grain takes longer. This would typically involve planning how wet grain can be tipped up and managed prior to drying. In the meantime, I am hoping I can somehow earn £1 for every customer that asks if we have kit to fit to the driers to dampen the grain.

ognise profit from the upgrade within the time that the original system remains serviceable.

4. If capital is limited, where should farmers spend first: the building, drying capacity, ventilation, handling equipment or monitoring and automation?

If you have the construction cost, I would start by suggesting adding a contingency to this. Ground conditions, and steel prices are repeat offenders for cost escalation. The costs leading on from this are the operational costs. The biggest, other than depreciation are labour, power and fuel. But don’t forget servicing, repairs and insurance. When comparing suppliers make sure to get these costs understood. Ask them to show their workings to back up the claims!! Of course, the other cost to consider is the alternative to building your own storage. If you are lucky enough to be conveniently located near a competitively priced 3rd party storage facility that you trust, this might be the way to go.

Assuming there are some general-purpose buildings on the farm already then, I would say the grain drier. (I can almost hear people wondering what planet I’m on after this dry harvest). Firstly, grain driers are a lower capital outlay than storage, and a good-sized batch drier at least has some resale value if plans change. Secondly, no matter when is the best time to sell grain, it still needs to be dried and possibly cleaned up to avoid unwelcome penalties. 5. Can upgrading an existing grain store deliver most of the benefits of a completely new facility – and what improvements tend to give the quickest payback?

This depends on what the desired benefit is. Economic benefits are typically optimized by long service life. Spending significant money upgrading an old system might turn into a perpetual cycle of unplanned, unwelcome repair costs whilst trying to run the system long enough to get a return. If the benefits sought are specific and time linked then a refurbishment or upgrade could deliver the best value. I say ‘time linked’ because you need to be certain that you will rec-

“

The current challenges remind us of the importance of a robust and resilient business case

6. How should a farmer calculate whether a grain-storage investment genuinely stacks up? What should go into that calculation beyond the construction cost?

7. Are farmers sometimes over-specifying grain stores and drying systems? Where can they reduce capital cost without compromising grain quality or future flexibility?

Sadly, I am not fortunate enough to come across these farmers very often! Honestly though, I tend to find the capital costs are focussed on intently and the costs of ownership gets a light touch. I would really encourage farmers to dig deeper on the running costs outlined in the previous answer. These will be much more significant to the lifetime cost of a system than the cost to build. Despite the above there is a way that you might reduce capital costs without compromising spec. That is simply to pay for design work early, working with a company you trust, i.e. get the comparisons, specifications and quantities decided before obtaining competitive quotes. This will reduce cost escalation and reduce contingency built into quotations. >>

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Post-harvest Technology >> 8. Energy is a major concern. What developments in dryer design, ventilation, heat recovery, automation or renewable energy are genuinely reducing the cost per tonne stored?

The margins are quite fine, features such as heat recovery and automation can deliver savings in certain cases but may have a downside. These need to be looked at on a case-by-case basis. When taking these into account I would encourage farmers to insist that suppliers’ backup their claims with calculations and evidence. The factor that definitely reduces the cost per tonne across the board is scale. This leads to more efficient systems but more significantly better buying power for fuel. Having enough scale can support the case for investment in cheaper fuel sources. This, combined with the challenges our industry is facing, leads me to believe there will be continued grain storage consolidation as farmers, one way or anoth-

er, work together to build fewer, larger grain stores. 9. With increasingly volatile weather (very wet harvests followed by exceptionally dry ones) how do you design a store and drying system capable of coping economically with both?

Designing for the extremes would make a very expensive system. But we should certainly think about developing trends. As we move between extremes are we resetting the average over time? The best we can do is make a system that is easy to add to. If fortunate enough to be designing from scratch, the most important thing is to keep the system simple. By keeping handling routes uncomplicated and keeping enough space around, it allows future additions to be made easily. Avoid hemming in the plant area. Try to keep a flexible space, at least to one side, that is not essential for other purposes.

10. Looking ahead 10 or 20 years, what will the successful UK farm grain store look like – and what infrastructure being installed today do you think will become obsolete?

I think the most noticeable change for large operations will be movement toward silo storage. As grain stores grow larger though consolidation, the economic benefits of storing grain in silos as opposed to sheds will become more obtainable. Sheds are great for flexible space but when it comes to cost per tonne, silos are hard to beat. For small to medium farms I think fixed drying systems will give way to more flexible solutions such as mobile driers working alongside a general-purpose shed. Scott McArthur is project division director for grain storage and processing specialists McArthur BDC. For more information, visit mcarthurbdc.co.uk

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Stronger Herds for Stronger Returns Suckler beef producers are invited to AHDB Beef & Lamb's events offering practical guidance to strengthen herd performance and deliver stronger business returns. Launched in September with a series of farm walks, Stronger Herds for Stronger Returns focuses on practical steps farmers can take to improve productivity, efficiency and profitability. The campaign brings together suckler beef farmers and industry experts for panel discussions covering cattle health, nutrition and market insights, with opportunities to share experiences and explore how suckler beef systems can adapt for the future. Across the series, farmers will hear about efficient feeding systems from beef nutritionists David Hendy and Rebecca Moore of Carr Billington (Yorkshire event), vets will discuss how to identify issues affecting herd performance, alongside AHDB insight into beef production figures and the market outlook. Farmers will also hear from those who hosted the farm walks that launched the series, sharing their experiences, systems and challenges, with opportunities for discussion and learning from fellow producers and technical experts. Elizabeth Swancott, Senior Engagement Manager (Beef & Lamb), said: “Suckler beef has an important role in the wider beef supply

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chain. We want these events to give farmers the opportunity to step back, look at their own systems and consider where changes can make a difference. “Bringing producers and experts together also gives everyone a chance to share experiences and learn what’s working on other farms.”

Get involved

Join an upcoming event at a location near you: • 20 October: North Yorkshire • 21 October: Cheshire • 29 October: Gloucestershire • 4 November: West Sussex Access campaign resources and follow the latest updates as the campaign develops. If your business would like to get involved in Stronger Herds for Stronger Returns, contact Elizabeth Swancott at Elizabeth.swancott@ahdb.org.uk.

We’ll be sharing practical guidance, technical knowledge and industry insight and creating opportunities for you to learn, discuss and collaborate with fellow suckler beef farmers. Join us this September for farm walks near you You’ll leave with a practical understanding of:

Our ‘Stronger herds for stronger returns’ campaign supports the long-term sustainability of the UK suckler beef herd. Through farm walks, evening discussion panels, webinars and practical resources, we’ll focus on ways you can improve herd profitably, efficiency and sustainability. Join fellow farmers and industry experts to share ideas. The value of suckler beef across the supply chain Improving suckler herd productivity and efficiency Profitable and sustainable beef production

How to use genetic data to support herd improvement decisions How productive cattle can contribute to both environmental and business outcomes Simple steps to improve housing to benefit animal health and performance with Jamie Robertson Coming this October, evening discussion panel sessions featuring: Beef nutritionists sharing insights on how to optimise performance Specialist industry vets discussing how to identify issues affecting herd performance A data dive into production figures and a beef market outlook

Scan the QR code to find events, resources and campaign updates

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Winter Livestock Hidden respiratory disease threatens calf growth Coronavirus antibodies found widely

ew screening data has exposed the scale of bovine coronavirus exposure in UK calves, increasing pressure to strengthen respiratory disease prevention before winter housing. More than two-thirds of calves screened by MSD Animal Health between 2022 and 2026 found 69.5% had antibodies to bovine coronavirus. Those calves were also more likely to show evidence of other respiratory pathogens. Subclinical bovine respiratory disease can damage lungs and reduce growth, while mixed infections mean vaccination must sit alongside colostrum management, nutrition, housing, ventilation and hygiene. “Vaccination is not a silver bullet for respiratory disease, but it is an important part of a wider prevention strategy,” said Kat Baxter-Smith, veterinary adviser at MSD Animal Health. Bovine coronavirus may act early in the disease process by affecting the respiratory tract’s protective lining. This could make it easier for other pathogens to contribute to disease. Clinical BRD typically affects about 11-16% of calves. However, re-

search cited by MSD suggests subclinical disease may affect 23-67%, with lung damage developing without obvious signs. “By the time coughing, nasal discharge or increased respiratory effort become apparent, lung damage may already have occurred,” said Dr Baxter-Smith. Even small lesions carry a performance cost. Calves with lesions measuring one to two centimetres recorded average daily gains 96-138g lower than animals without lesions, according to research cited in the release.

Early checks Blood screening can identify pathogen exposure and possible gaps in protection. Thoracic ultrasound can detect lung damage and subclinical disease before farmers see clear respiratory signs. MSD subsidises bovine respiratory disease screening through most GB veterinary practices. The service tests blood from a small selection of calves aged three to six months for exposure to five major pathogens. The company also markets vaccines covering respiratory coronavirus, BRSV, PI3, M. haemolytica and

Lungs can be damaged before symptoms emerge, says Kat Baxter-Smith

“

Vaccination is not a silver bullet

IBR. Its Bovilis Nasalgen-C intranasal vaccine can be given from birth and is licensed to reduce upper respiratory disease signs and nasal viral shedding linked to bovine coronavirus. “For farms where coronavirus is identified as part of the respiratory disease challenge, having the option to protect calves from the day of birth can be an important part of a wider prevention strategy,” said Dr Baxter-Smith. The screening analysis found that each additional PI3-positive calf was associated with an approximate 37% rise in the odds of a group being coronavirus-positive. The result supports a whole-farm approach because rarely one pathogen is involved.

Patience needed on forage rape

armers planting forage rape to support grazing following the summer drought should introduce the crop gradually to livestock diets. Livestock should initially receive access for one to two hours daily, building up over seven to 10 days, sys the Agricultura and Horticulture Development Board. Farmers should also provide additional fibre, clean water and appropriate minerals. Seed suppliers say fast-growing rape varieties can be ready for use within 10-12 weeks after planting – offering a short-term forage bridge while a new ley establishes on farm. But field pur-

pose should be considered alongside seed price. Jim Juby, of Horizon Seed, says growers should use mixtures containing Recommended List varieties suited to UK conditions. They should also assess immediate autumn demand alongside the field’s longer-term role for production. Unless growers have already done so this autumn, any clover to be included should now be overseeded next spring. Sowing after first cut or the first grazing round will enable spring control of broadleaved weeds before the clover establishes. Forage rape may be included in a grass reseed at 1.25kg/ha, or 0.5kg/acre.

Forage rape can support autumn grazing, says Jim Juby

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Supporting optimum performance through targeted additive use With dairy margins under pressure, focusing on feed efficiency is vital. Massey Feeds is encouraging dairy farmers to consider how targeted nutrition can support herd health and performance. “The progress in dairy cow nutrition has been remarkable in recent years, and it is now the fine tuning that offers the most potential to improve performance,” explains David Wilde, National Ruminant Technical Manager at the Massey Harper Feeds Group. The importance of the dry cow period is widely recognised. Organic Chromium is now included in all FiMLAC Dry Cow products, alongside 100% organic selenium. Chromium helps mediate immune response, maintain liver function and support dry matter intakes and milk yield in the subsequent lactation. Massey Feeds also offers FiMLAC Dry Cow as a nut with Rumen Protected Choline, alongside chromium. The choline supports the Rumen Protected Methionine already used to help with liver function and other processes in the body. The FiMLAC Dry Cow range is available in rolls, nuts and meals, with all products containing the FiMLAC TRT Premix to help maintain normal immune function. For more information, speak to your Massey Feeds nutritionist or visit masseyfeeds.co.uk.

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Winter Livestock

Cover crops can ease winter forage squeeze

ivestock farmers facing tight winter forage supplies after the summer drought could extract more value from cover crops by managing them for grazing rather than simply environmental compliance. Poor grass growth has increased pressure on forage stocks, putting greater emphasis on crops capable of producing usable autumn biomass. But species choice, seed rate and drilling date can determine whether a cover carries livestock or merely keeps soil green. In August, 71% of England was in drought, with the Environment Agency reporting poor grass growth and increasing pressure on winter livestock forage stocks. Grainseed general manager and Maize Growers Association council member Neil Groom said growers planning to graze covers should treat them as forage crops from the outset. “If livestock are going to graze it, biomass and quality have to be an objective from day one,” he said. “A thin crop may cover the soil and meet the environmental objective, but it will not carry stock. You need enough plants, enough bulk and a mixture where every component is doing a job.” Early establishment remains one of the biggest influences on biomass, although this year growers have also had to contend with limited soil moisture. Cover-crop trials run by Grainseed and the MGA since 2017 have demonstrated the advantage of giving fast-growing species sufficient thermal time before winter. Trials drilled near Diss, Norfolk, on 15 August saw spring oats and grazing rye produce biomass approaching 10t/ha by the end of November. Both outperformed black oats and winter cereal species. “For a grazed cover, the cereal compo-

Where maize is planned, previous Grainseed and MGA work found covers should be fully dead before early-April drilling. This reduces the danger of nutrients becoming temporarily unavailable while large quantities of residue decompose. Brassica termination has another connent is there to build bulk quickly,” said Mr sideration. Groom. “Then you can use brassicas and leg“Our agronomic target has been to destroy umes to add a different architecture and feed brassicas by the end of February because of profile rather than relying on a token incluthe potential of cabbage stem flea beetle larsion of several species.” vae being in the stem bases,” said Mr Groom. AHDB guidance emphasises that species Destroying covers before larvae leave within seed mixtures compete with one othplants to pupate can reduce the risk of proer. That means proportions and seed rates ducing adult beetles that could threaten subshould reflect the intended outcome rather sequent oilseed rape crops. than simply maximising the number of speSFI requirements add another layer to cies included. the calculation, particularMr Groom said stubble turly where growers want both nips could be used at a lower grazing and scheme income. rate within mixtures, allowUnder SFI26, CSAM2 pays ing individual roots to bulk £129/ha annually for a multirapidly. Oil radish and forspecies winter cover crop and age rape provide leaf growth, permits grazing. However, while vetch introduces a legthe cover must remain well ume. established through winter. Spring vetch established Destruction for an early-sown by mid-August has produced spring crop is limited to six active nodules by November weeks before establishment. in trials. Hairy vetch offers SOH3 pays £163/ha for a greater winter hardiness, alsummer-sown multi-species though seed costs are higher. cover but is not designed for winter grazing. Grazing is perGrazed cover crops should be Grazing value mitted only when destroying Grainseed’s Graze Green mix- treated as forage crops, says the crop, with destruction limNeil Groom ture combines spring oats, ited to two weeks before estabvetch, oil radish, stubble turnips and forage lishment of the following main crop. rape. Mr Groom said it produced the highest Those restrictions mean farmers need to biomass in one trial and provided grazing for match the payment option with their intend150 ewes from Christmas Eve. ed grazing and cropping dates before estabBut not every fast-growing cover species lishment. is suited to livestock. For livestock businesses, the calculation Buckwheat can flower within four weeks should extend beyond the SFI payment to inwhen established into adequate moisture, clude the value of grazing produced, soil probut Mr Groom said it was unsuitable for tection and benefits to the following crop. grazing. Its role is better suited to situa“The SFI payment can strengthen the ecotions where rapid catch-crop growth is the nomics, but it should not be the specificapriority. tion,” Mr Groom said. “If the cover is going Farmers also need to consider what folto earn its keep, those three things have to lows the cover. work together.”

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Winter Livestock

Protect lamb output before tupping

we condition and feed supplies should be assessed promptly before tupping this autumn – to reduce the likelihood of barren ewes and weaker returns. Drought conditions have already seen many farms to use forage normally held for winter. Grass growth has fallen short, cutting the energy and protein available from grazing. Disease and parasite risks may also leave breeding stock in poorer condition than farmers expect. The commercial priority is to protect lamb numbers, the core driver of sheep enterprise profitability, by ensuring ewes are in good condition, said Euan Hart, trade team leader at livestock nutrition experts Fevara. Body condition scoring should lead the response, said Mr Hart. "It takes a good long time to move a ewe up by one body condition score, so knowing where they are and doing something about it in the run-up to tupping is the way to go,” he warned. Mr Hart linked nutrition directly to flock output. “Energy is the key

Ewe condition checks are critical before tupping begins, says Euan Hart

driver of ovulation – and getting ewes to the right body condition before tupping will have a big impact on lamb numbers,” he added. The cost of supplementing ewes could be difficult to absorb after a dry summer. But insufficient feeding before breeding could have a greater effect on next year’s income. This meant investing more to maintain body condition. "That may feel painful on the bottom line now, but the cost of doing nothing could be fewer lambs next spring, which will really hurt the business,” said Mr Hart.

Feed planning Farmers should establish what forage they have rather than assuming bought-in or conserved feed will provide the same nutritional value. Silage, hay and concentrates may need to replace grass where grazing has failed. All conserved forage should be analysed before rations are set, said Mr Hart. Hay and straw should be treated as low-quality feeds unless analysis shows otherwise. This allows farmers

to plan diets around the actual starting point. A supplementary bucket can improve forage digestibility and make better use of what is in front of the animal, while also providing energy, vitamins, minerals and trace elements at a time when ewes need extra support, said Mr Hart. Bluetongue adds another risk for flocks. Farmers should work closely with their vet and use reliable information when deciding how to respond. Rams should receive full fertility checks six weeks to two months before joining the flock. "This year farmers need to be especially sure rams are ready to work. We're encouraging farmers to assess the 4 'T's': Teeth, testicles, toes and tone, in good time," said Mr Hart. “Make the best of the forage available, take advice where needed and treat nutrition as an investment in what is to come. It may feel like a leap of faith, but if lambs are scarcer and prices strengthen next year, farmers will need lambs on the ground to benefit.

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Five Ts for Tups: Don't let ram fertility be an afterthought

s tupping time approaches, it is easy to assume that because a tup worked successfully last year, he will be ready to go again this autumn, writes Nerys Wright. Unfortunately, sheep do not read the rule book. Age, injury, disease and environmental factors can all affect fertility, and after a summer of high temperatures and the continued challenge of bluetongue in some areas, it has never been more important to give breeding rams a thorough MOT before they head out with the ewes. The good news is that around 90% of fertility problems can be identified through a straightforward physical examination. Remember the Five Ts: Teeth Can he eat properly and maintain condition through mating? Toes Sound feet and legs are essential. A lame ram won't cover ewes effectively.

Tone Body condition matters. Rams should be fit, athletic and ready for work. Aim for BCS 4 at mating, as they can lose condition during the mating period. Testicles Check that both are present, even in size and consistency, and free from lumps, injuries or swelling. Size also matters: measure testicle circumference and aim for over 34 cm in ram lambs and 36 cm in mature rams. Treat Address any problems promptly and ensure rams are up to date with vaccinations. The sperm production process takes up to eight weeks, so illness close to tupping can cause problems. Check your rams with plenty of time to replace them

Make sure your tups are ready for work.

if needed. This year, particular attention should be paid to rams that have experienced heat stress or have been on farms affected by bluetongue virus. Both can affect fertility, sometimes without obvious outward signs. If concerns remain after a physical examination, discuss them with your vet. A semen assessment may be appropriate for rams that fail part of the physical exam, or where the flock has been affected by bluetongue. However, semen testing is not something to undertake lightly. Samples must be collected and assessed by a trained and competent operator. Nerys Wright is an independent sheep consultant. Call 07891 187643 or visit sheepconsultancy.co.uk.

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Winter Livestock

Pig producers take contract crisis to government Farmers confront Defra officials

ig producers hit by processor contract cuts have taken their case directly to the government and independent supply-chain adjudicator amid warnings that farmers could leave the sector. Eight affected producers set out their concerns to agricultural supply chain adjudicator Richard Thompson and Defra officials at a roundtable organised by the National Pig Association (NPA). Farmers described contract reductions, low prices and difficult negotiations with processors. They also warned of the financial consequences as thousands of pigs potentially lose contracted outlets this autumn and winter.

Direct evidence NPA chief executive Lizzie Wilson said the meeting gave producers an opportunity to explain first-hand how recent market disruption was affecting their businesses. “What was discussed was deeply concerning, as producers highlighted the impact on them and their businesses of the turmoil we are seeing in the marketplace, and, in some cases, the way contract negotiations have been handled.” One producer at the meeting had decided to leave pig production altogether. Others warned they faced significant financial losses following contract reductions and prices they said were below quoted industry averages. The NPA estimates 10,000-15,000 pigs a week could enter the market without a contracted buyer during autumn and winter. Contract concerns Producers also raised concerns over agreements introduced to meet new Fair Dealing Obligations regulations, which came fully into force on 13 August. Some described proposed contracts as convoluted and unattractive. But limited alternative outlets meant farmers often had little negotiating power. Concerns were also raised about delays in receiving contracts and poor communication from processors. An NPA survey of about 50 produc-

ers found nearly half had received notice on contracts. The reductions covered between 15% and 100% of their herds.

Sector pressure All four major processors – Cranswick, Pilgrim’s Europe, Sofina Foods and Morrisons’ Myton Food Group – had served notices on producers responding to the survey. Most reductions are expected to take effect during October and November. Some farmers are already responding. The survey found 14% were considering leaving pig production, while 20% were considering or had already reduced numbers. The NPA is seeking government support as it warns that further contraction could damage independent pig production. The roundtable also puts pressure on the adjudicator and Defra to consider whether current trading arrangements are delivering the fairer relationships intended by the new regulations. This works well as a numbers-led sidebar, complementing the main story rather than repeating the roundtable angle.

How serving notice is threatening pig sector Nearly half of independent pig producers responding to an industry survey have been served notice on contracts, raising fears of further contraction in the sector. The National Pig Association (NPA) survey of about 50 members found notices covered between 15% and 100% of affected producers’ herds. Most contract cuts are expected to take effect during October and November. Industry estimates suggest 10,00015,000 pigs a week could then come onto the market without a contracted buyer during autumn and winter.

Business response Some farmers are already reconsidering their future, says the NPA. Some 14% of respondents said they were considering leaving pig production, while 20% were considering or had already reduced numbers. A further 12% expected to sell pigs on the spot market after losing contracts. Others were considering culling animals or depopulating units before potentially restocking when conditions improve. The survey also identified uncertainty around new Fair Dealing Obligations regulations. Only 6% of respondents said they had a compliant contract in place ahead of the 13 August deadline. Nearly twothirds knew about the regulations but did not yet have a compliant contract. NPA public affairs manager Tom Haynes said: “The responses painted a stark picture, confirming our worst fears about the likely disruption coming in the autumn and winter when thousands of pigs will hit the market without a contracted destination.”

Pig producers have taken their contract concerns directly to Defra. OCTOBER 2026 • MIDLAND FARMER 37

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Farmer 38 MIDLAND FARMER • OCTOBER 2026

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Professional Services Plan now before drought cashflow strain bites • Forecast gaps in farm bills • Cereal and input costs bite • Experts on hand for support

arm businesses hit by the dry, hot summer should identify revenue shortfalls and agree funding plans before weaker harvests filter into farm accounts, say lenders. Immediate harvest damage will not translate evenly into cashflow pressures, said Brian Richardson, head of agriculture at Virgin Money. But businesses should use robust forecasts, advisers and bank managers to act early on likely funding needs.

Forecasting “The impact has varied across the UK,” said Mr Richardson. "There is no doubt that farming businesses across the country are facing another serious challenge.” Lower cereal prices across the last two seasons, combined with increased fuel and fertiliser costs, have already put enormous pressure on the arable sector. “This summer’s conditions have also created problems with forage availability for some livestock farmers.” Financial effects could emerge lat-

“

Farmers should plan sooner rather than later

Early action can help ease the pain later, says Brian Richardson.

er, even where harvest losses are already clear. Good record-keeping and budgets would give owners, partners and staff a shared view of pressures ahead, said Mr Richardson.

Input costs “It is important to identify any likely gaps in your cashflow now and plan accordingly. Tough times like these highlight the benefit of good financial recording and budgeting, and the value of ensuring that a robust cashflow forecast forms part of that overview. Everyone involved in the business should understand what may be coming down the line, added Mr Richardson. “Using this information to sit down with your advisers and bank manager is key." He added: “It will pay dividends to do that sooner rather than later, so you can agree a plan for future cash requirements and support wider planning on the farm.” Policy test Drought consequences also sharpen questions over domestic food production. The poor harvest has led the new Prime Minister to emphasise food security. Mr Richardson said the recognition should lead to practical support. “I hope this renewed focus feeds through into policies and prices that allow farmers to achieve realistic returns. They need the confidence to invest and sow the crops that will be essential to maintaining our food supply next year and into the future.” Virgin Money said individual approaches remain necessary because every business faces different circumstances. Its specialist agricultural team works with customers affected by drought and the resulting disruption to plans and cashflow. “The farming sector has worked its way through many challenges in the past and will do so again. However, understanding your business and having accurate figures available will be more important than ever when planning a successful route through the current situation and into the future,” said Mr Richardson.

Water storage should be treated as strategic infrastructure.

Growers demand water policy overhaul

resh produce growers and Morrisons will urge parliamentarians to reform water policy as drought increases risks to British food production and farm investment. The sector will set out four priorities at a House of Lords event on 17 November, hosted by former NFU president Minette Batters. The proposals follow a year-long project involving experts from Harper Adams University.

Storage priority More than two-thirds of England remains in drought following prolonged lack of rain during the summer. Growers say clearer regulation is needed to give businesses confidence to invest in long-term resilience. The recommendations call for food production to be placed at the centre of water policy. Agricultural water storage should also be treated as strategic infrastructure, supported by planning and funding measures. “Water is no longer simply an environmental issue. It is a food security issue, an economic issue and an investment issue,” said Alex Hardie, at Harper Adams University’s School of Sustainable Food & Farming. Horticultural leaders want the government to consider water quality and availability together – alongside the need for increased investment in research and knowledge exchange. Jon Hammond, director of Hammond Produce, said: “You cannot talk about food security without talking about water security.” The partners say regulatory certainty would help growers invest while supporting environmental objectives and maintaining domestic production. OCTOBER 2026 • MIDLAND FARMER 39

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Professional Services

Ploughing Championships celebrate 75 years Britain’s leading ploughmen and women will compete for national titles when the British National Ploughing Championships marks its 75th anniversary in Warwickshire next month. The two-day event at Austrey, near Atherstone, on 10-11 October will bring competitors from Scotland to Cornwall. Winners could ultimately earn the chance to represent their country at the World and European Ploughing Championships in 2027. Six women are among the competitors, including three young farmers. Sisters Ellie Bullard and Chloe Bullard, from Hertfordshire, will compete in conventional tractor and classic classes respectively, while Lauren Cope, from Derbyshire, enters the hydraulic class.

Family ties Family connections run throughout the competition. Janet Vickers will compete in the classic class alongside husband Nigel and son Nigel, while the Bullard sisters’ brother Josh will also take part. The second day will see leading competitors contest Plough-Off Finals for British titles and international qualification. The heavy

horse section has attracted 16 pairs, including Clydesdales, Shires, Comtois, Percherons and Ardennes. Away from competition, the Country Festival will showcase agricultural machinery and heritage. At least three pairs of steam ploughing engines will demonstrate, while Joe Hewes returns with his Chieftain tank for

tracked vehicle ploughing. Society of Ploughmen chief executive Sue Frith said: “It promises to be a fitting celebration of 75 years of competition and the generations of ploughmen and women who have made the event such an important part of Britain’s agricultural calendar”. For details and tickets, see www.ploughmen.co.uk.

Major expansion for farm business consultancy • Wider service across region • Consultants transfer firms • Auctions remain independent

arm business advisers Ceres Group have expanded their advisory capacity across Essex and Suffolk after taking on the land consultancy and planning teams from Stanfords. Coming into effect on 1 October, the agreement creates one of the region’s largest advisory teams for farmers, landowners and rural businesses. Stanfords will retain and grow its estate agency and auctions operations under its existing brand. The transfer represents a significant investment in Ceres Group’s East Anglian presence. Farmers are promised continuity from their existing advisers – as well as access to Ceres’ broader services in farming, planning, development, land and property. Stanfords was established in 1879 and has built its business around ru-

“

Ceres was the natural choice

ral consultancy, planning and development, property, land and auctions. Its estate agency and auctions divisions will remain independently operated by Stanfords. The land consultancy and planning and development teams at Stanfords will join Ceres, but will continue to serve clients from the Colchester area. Ceres says the deal will strengthen their existing land consultancy, planning, development and farm agency offer. “Stanfords has earned an excellent reputation over many years and we're delighted to welcome the Land Consultancy and Planning & Development teams to Ceres,” said Iain Halls, managing partner at Ceres Group.

Local foundation “This partnership builds on that strong local foundation, creating new opportunities for our people and enhancing the range of services available to clients, whilst maintaining the personal approach that both businesses are known for.” The two businesses have been work-

ing closely together before the transfer to provide a seamless handover for staff and clients. Stanfords will now concentrate on its estate agency and livestock and chattels auctions businesses across Essex and Suffolk. Ceres provides specialist advice to farmers, rural businesses and estates across England. Services include land consultancy, planning, development, farm consultancy, crop consultancy, farm agency, and farm, property and estate management. Graham Ellis, partner at Stanfords, said client trust had guided the decision. “Having advised landowners, farmers and rural businesses across Essex and Suffolk for many years, maintaining the trust of our clients has always been my top priority,” said Mr Ellis. “This agreement ensures the land consultancy and planning development teams have the platform, resources and support needed to continue delivering the high standards of service our clients expect, both now and in the future.” “Ceres Group shares our commitment to independent advice, strong client relationships and practical solutions,” said Mr Ellis. “I am confident that our clients and our people will benefit from the opportunities this partnership creates.” OCTOBER 2026 • MIDLAND FARMER 41

AUTUMN CONFERENCE PREVIEW

Professional Services

Farm managers urged to turn data into profit

arm businesses must harness data, respond to changing markets and sharpen management skills to remain profitable during a period of rapid change. That will be the central business message at the National Farm Management Conference in London on 5 November, where farmers and advisers will examine how better management can turn information into profit. The Society of Agriculture event comes as farm businesses face pressure from environmental requirements, labour challenges and volatile markets – as well as policy uncertainty and upheaval. The day will also explore new markets, workforce pressures and changing consumer demand. The conference theme – Lead. Connect. Grow – will focus on practical ways businesses can respond rather than simply absorb those pressures.

“

A farmer or a business manager? Farm leaders will examine profitability, markets and management in London.

and manage the modern agricultural workforce. These are increasingly commercial questions. Finding customers is only part of growth. Businesses must also have the people and management structures to supply them efficiently.

Dan Morris of Warrendale Wagyu, Mark Hall of Waldersey Farms and James Smith of Loddington Farm will each share their perspectives on managing and developing agricultural businesses.

Market shifts Changing demand will provide another focus. A session chaired by Farmers Weekly editor Andrew Meredith will examine how businesses can respond to evolving markets and expectations. The discussion will include the opportunity presented by the Halal market. It will also consider how employers can build a culture that embraces change, communicate that change

Wider pressures Environmental stewardship and water management will complete the programme, reflecting pressures that increasingly influence costs, investment and long-term planning. Mark Suthern of the Environment Agency, Sophie Throup, director general of the NFU, and Chris Gerrard of Anglian Water will discuss those challenges in a session chaired by Society of Agriculture chair Simon Britton. The conference will be held at One Great George Street, Westminster. Tickets cost £150 including VAT for Society members and £288 for nonmembers. For details, visit www.socag.org

Better decisions Business performance will take centre stage during the John Alliston Memorial Session. Speakers will examine how farms can differentiate themselves, develop demand-led growth and use business data more effectively. The session will also pose a deliberately simple but provocative question: are today’s growers and livestock producers best described as farmers or business managers? It is a distinction with growing significance. Technical farming ability remains essential, but tighter margins mean managers increasingly need to understand costs, markets and business performance alongside production.

Conference targets farm costs and returns

armers will be urged to scrutinise input spending, machinery costs and land use as pressure on agricultural margins drives a sharper focus on business efficiency. The Ceres AgriStrategy Conference 2026 will examine ways to improve profitability through nitrogen efficiency, input purchasing, labour management and alternative income. It takes place on 3 December at Rothamsted Research, Harpenden. NFU president Tom Bradshaw will give the opening address. Charlie Ireland of Ceres Rural will outline the farming outlook, while 42 MIDLAND FARMER • OCTOBER 2026

Professor Quintin McKellar will examine the role of agricultural research.

Margin focus Nitrogen use and regenerative farming will feature alongside analysis of the 2026 harvest. Speakers will consider whether better agronomy and integrated pest management can reduce costs without sacrificing performance. The afternoon programme will focus on extracting more value from farm assets. Sessions will examine data-led input purchas-

ing and potential savings from labour and machinery. Farmers will also hear how machinery sharing agreements, contract farming agreements and farm business tenancies can improve resource allocation. Diversification and renewable energy will complete the programme, reflecting growing interest in income beyond conventional agricultural production. The conference runs from 8.30am until 7pm, including a drinks reception. BASIS and NRoSO points will be available.

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AUTUMN CONFERENCE PREVIEW

Professional Services

REAP set to put agri-tech to the test

armers will be challenged to decide when new technology is good enough to justify investment at this year’s REAP Conference in Peterborough. The Agri-TechE flagship event will focus on turning innovation into commercially viable technology – and its relevance for growers, livestock producers, other businesses and investors. With research budgets under pressure and farm margins squeezed, speakers will examine how much evidence farmers need before committing money or changing established practices. Now in its 13th year, REAP takes place on 4 November the KingsGate Conference Centre. Its theme, “From Promise to Practice: What’s Good Enough?”, reflects growing pressure to demonstrate that innovations are scalable and cost-effective. The keynote address will be delivered by Professor Anjali Goswami, Defra’s chief scientific adviser and director general for science, data and analysis.

More farm buildings are converted into luxurious homes

Farm show targets new income streams

armers looking to reduce their reliance on agricultural income will be offered new diversification options at the Farm Business Innovation show in Birmingham. The two-day event will bring together more than 110 exhibitors at the NEC on 4-5 November. Businesses will showcase opportunities ranging from renewable energy and accommodation to self-storage, farm retail and rural tourism. Organisers say the event is aimed at farmers and landowners seeking to turn existing land and assets into additional income. It will combine suppliers with advice and case studies from businesses that have already diversified.

Investment choices The emphasis will be on assessing returns and risks before farmers commit capital to new enterprises. The programme includes sessions on setting up new enterprises, protecting profits and assets, renewables and sustainability. A Diversification Exchange will give visitors access to specialists,

while farmer-led case studies will feature on the Farm Business Innovation Stage. Tax and legal considerations will also feature. One seminar will examine how farmers can protect profit, assets and the future of their businesses as enterprises evolve. Renewable energy remains another focus. Exhibitors include businesses involved in electricity generation and energy infrastructure, alongside rural consultants, finance providers and construction specialists. Tourism and accommodation opportunities will be represented by holiday letting agencies, glamping specialists and lodge suppliers. Other exhibitors will focus on farm shops, visitor attractions and self-storage. The show will run alongside the Land Leisure & Tourism Show, giving farmers access to businesses operating beyond mainstream agriculture. Farm Business Innovation is held in partnership with the Country Land and Business Association. Entry is free to registered visitors. For details, visit www.farmbusinessshow.co.uk

Farm evidence A farmer panel will examine how growers assess and build trust in technology before introducing it into their businesses. Speakers include Marion Regan, chief executive of Hugh Lowe Farms; Jack Smith, farms technical director at Waldersey Farms; and Kathryn Wright, co-owner and director of Wright Farm Produce. Research sessions will pair farmers with scientists to examine how work from UK research institutes translates into practical improvements on farms. The conference will also examine how supply chains can encourage technology adoption without leaving farmers carrying a disproportionate share of the cost and risk. Professor Cristóbal Uauy, director of the John Innes Centre, will join David Coop, managing director of Elsoms Seeds, and Matvii Smirnov, innovation director at AMFRESH, for the supply-chain discussion. Seven emerging technology businesses will meanwhile be unveiled in REAP’s Start-Up Showcase, while an exhibition will give delegates the opportunity to assess new technologies directly. Farmer and full-time agricultural student bursaries reduce tickets to £80 plus VAT. Standard non-member tickets cost £300 + VAT until 16 October, rising to £325 afterwards. For fill details, visit www.agri-tech-e.co.uk The REAP Conference takes place on 4 November in Peterborough

OCTOBER 2026 • MIDLAND FARMER 45

FINAL SAY Clodhopper

Spare a thought for the hired help A short harvest has exposed the growing challenge of retaining the skilled people who keep farms running, says Clodhopper

henever farming makes the tabloids or turns up on the local news, it is usually the farmer who gets interviewed. Owner-occupiers and tenants are asked about the harvest, the weather and whether there is any money in wheat at £150/t. Fair enough. But what about everyone else? Farm staff rarely get a mention. Nor do the students, retired farmers and part-time workers who turn up every harvest and autumn to keep the wheels turning. Harvest 2026 brought that home. On many farms, it was effectively over by the first week of August. But the legacy of what has been another challenging season will be felt for months to come – if not years. Low yields and less straw meant there was simply less material to put through the combine. Meanwhile, the great wall of sunshine stretching across the weather forecast meant fewer interruptions.

Supply chain That doesn’t bode well. A poor harvest means less money for replacement machinery. Less machinery sold means less work throughout the agricultural supply chain. We spend plenty of time discussing what the removal of farm support means for farmers. Perhaps we should think more about what it means for everyone whose livelihood depends on those farms spending money. Finding good staff is becoming difficult too. Farmers who can find reliable local harvest workers sometimes grumble about the cost of employing them. Pension contributions and other employment obligations add to the bill. Others tell me they would happily pay for good people if only they could find them. But the labour pool is shrinking – and will continue to do so without a change for the better in farming fortunes. Older retired farmers may understandably no longer fancy spending 14 hours bouncing along local roads with a corn trailer. Younger people can often earn more stacking super-

“

market shelves, with predictable hours and considerably less dust. Permanent farm staff have their own calculations to make. Accommodation, council tax and sometimes utilities can form a valuable part of the package. But how many are still salaried? How many are hourly paid? And if you are on a salary, how enthusiastic are you about working until midnight when harvest eventually does become difficult?

Skilled people This year that question was less important because harvest was so short. Next year could be very different. The bigger issue is whether farms can afford to retain skilled people through increasingly volatile seasons. Contractors are often presented as the answer. For some businesses they undoubtedly are. Machinery and labour costs can be shared across a much larger acreage. But contracting cannot replace everything. Good farm staff know the land. They notice the blocked drain, the broken fence and the heifer that doesn’t look quite right. They know which gateway turns into a bog and which field always goes flat first. That knowledge has value. So when we add up the cost of another disappointing harvest, spare a thought for the people whose names aren’t above the farm gate. They have had a lean harvest too.

Good farm staff know the land. That knowledge has value.

M Barratt / Shutterstock.com

Evening dews What happened to those heavy evening dews which once brought combining to a halt at 9pm? There weren’t many this year. Nor were there many mornings waiting until lunchtime before anything was fit. Some combines were going by 8.30am. All very convenient. Unless you were relying on the overtime. For students hoping to earn decent summer wages while gaining agricultural experience, a harvest that finishes weeks earlier than expected can leave a sizeable hole in the bank account. Some have apparently headed north to

try to get two harvests out of one summer. Then there are the machinery dealers. One local dealer told me it had been his quietest harvest since 1976. Service engineers accustomed to rushing from one breakdown to another were apparently trying to make themselves look busy.

46 MIDLAND FARMER • OCTOBER 2026

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