U. S. DEPP RTP.~3 T OF L!'. FOR Wage and Hour and Public Contracts Divisions V?ashington, D. C.
~
"TAGF PND HOUR STMTD" PDS BRPNCH
THE r JT L--'~` S'I01' LD HOSTEP.Y IYDUSTRY IN PUERTO RICO
Ç7295) ~$7.3 June 1947
(055/4)
~
FOREWORD On June 20, 1947, the Administrator of the Wage and Hour Division, pursuant to the provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, appointed Special Industry Committee No. 5 for Puerto Rico. It is the duty of this Committee to investigate economic and competitive conditions in the various ihdu tries--in.Puerto Rico and. in each industry to recommend to the Administrator-..the highest minimum wage (not over 40 cents an hour) which it determines will not substantially curtail employment in the industry.. The Act further directs that the Committee shall not recommend a minimum wage rate which will give any industry in Puerto Rico a competitive advantage over any industry in the United States outside of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. The statistical and other economic data given in the present report have been assembled for the purpose of assisting the Committee in the performance of its statutory functions in connection with its reconsideration of the hourly wage rate established for the Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industry in Puerto Rico. This study does not, however, purport t,', onstituté a complete economic análysis of the industry, but contains only sudh:cürrently availáble information as is believed to be of interest to the Committee in its investigation of the industry's economic: and competitive conditions. The repo~r`twwa.s prepared by Jack I. Karlin under the supervision of Thomas J. Judge of the Wage Determinátion Section, Verl E. Roberts, Chief. Harry Weiss, Director Wage and Hour Standards Branch
~ r ~ LS
(05544)
THE FULL-FASHIONED HOSIERY INDUSTRY IN PUERTO ÍR CO
TABLE OF CCliTt ;. T Page 1
DEFINITION PREVIOUS INDUSTRY CO
..
ITTEE ACTION.
1
DESCRIPTION OF THE INDUSTRY Employment Production Transportation costs
2 2 2 5
WAGE DATA Earnings Estimated effect of increasing the minimum Wages under union agreement
8 8 S 14
7~95)
687,3 c. ,
u(05544)
LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3,
Table 4.
Table 52
Table 6,)
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
~
E
Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industry in Puerto Rico: Number of experienced workers and learners employed during specified periods, 1938-9 through January 1947
2
Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industry in Puerto Rico: Quantity and value of silk and rayon hosiery shipped from Puerto Rico to the United States,
1938-1946
4
Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industry:. Annual production and employment in the women's fullfashioned hosiery industry on the mainland of the United States, 1939-1946
6
Full-Fashioned Hosiery industry in Puerto Ricos Express charges for shipping yarn from New York to Puerto Rico, and for shipping hosiery from Puerto Rico to New York, February 1947
7
Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industry in Puerto Rico: Average hourly and weekly earnings, hours worked, number of employees and establishments, fiscal years 1939-1942
9
Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industry in Puerto Rico: Distribution of employees (other than learners) by average hourly earnings for the week ending January 4, 1947 . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industry in Puerto Rico: Distribution of learners, by average hourly earnings, for the week ending January 4, 1947 .
u
Full-Fashioned Hosiery Iñdustry on the Mainland of the United States: Average hourly earnings, September 192 through December 1946 . o .
12
Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industry in Puerto Rico: Percentage of workers directly affected by, and estimated direct percentage increase in wage bill and production costs resulting from the establishment of various possible minimum wage rates, as based on wage data for January 1947 . . . .
13
Table 10. Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industry in Puerto Rico: Price rates paid, by occupation, for specified
dates, 1941-1946
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- iii -
.
y
15
(05544) ~
THE FULL-FASHIONED HOSIERY . INDUSTRY IN PUERTO RICO
~
DEFINITION
Administrative Order No. 367 Industry in Puerto Rico as;
defines the Full-Fashioned Hosiery
"The manufacture of full-fashioned hosiery, but not including dyeing„ clocking, and the other phases of hoziry finishing." PREVIOUS INDUSTRY COI11.ITTEE ACTION The current minimum of 25 cents an hour which is applicable to the Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industry was recommended by Special Industry Committee No. 1 for Puerto Rico and, upon approval by the Administrator, became effective on May 19, 1941. Subsequently, Special Industry Committee No. 3 for Puerto Rico recommended a minimum hourly rate of 30 cents for the Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industry. Owing to the fact that the evidence adduced at the hearings was insufficient to support a positive finding that this recommendation was appropriate in the light of the standards and objectives of the Fair Labor Standards Act, the Administrator, after careful consideration and thorough study of the entire proceedings in this matter, rejected the recommendation on March 11, 1947, and stated his intention of referring the matter to a new industry committee for further consideration and recommendation.
(05544)
.~~
DESORIt'TION OF THE INDUSTRY The Puerto Rico Mills, Inc., owned and operated by a New York hosiery firm, is the only company in Puerto Rico which manufactures fullfashioned hosiery. This factory, located in the Puerta de Tierra area of. San Juan, was established in October, 1937 on an experimental basis at an initial capital investment of ?38,000'1/. This investment for machinery and equipment wás late„ increased to X59,000 with an additional working capital ,of $20,000 2/. There were 15 machines in the establishment in August 1944. Raw m~terials •are shipped to Puerto Rico from New York by the parent company. The Puerto Rican plant manufactures hosiery in the greige only; the bleaching, dyeing and other finishing operations are performed on the mainland of the United States. Employment According to the data collected by ;the Insular Department of Labor, there were 50 workers employed in the hosiery industry during the fiscal year 1938-39; 80 in 1939-40; 76 in 1940-41 and 100 in 1941-42, the last year for which such data are available,, Later datas available from the files of the Puerto Ricó Regional Office of the Wage and Hour and Public Contracts Divisions, indicate that there were 71 workers (including learners) in the industry in June 1942; 70 in January 1944; 65 in 1945; 55 in 1946; and 77 in January 1947 (Table 1). The large percentage of learners in this industry is, accounted for by the fact that there is only one hosiery mill in Puerto Rico and it is, therefore, necessary for this plant .to teach practically all of its employees. In addition, the rate of labor turnover is' quite high. . Production Since the entire output of this industry is shipped to New York; data on shipments from Puerto Rico to the mainland, published monthly by the United States Department of Commerce; represent a fairly close approximation of the total production of hosiery in Puerto Rico. Table 2 presents a compilation of the quantity and value of silk and rayon hosiery shipped from Puerto Rico to the mainland, annually from 1939 through 1946. Production increased from 8,192 dozen pairs in 1938, the first year for which shipments were reported; to approximately 47,000 dozen pairs in 1940. During the war years, however, shipments dropped sharply. Despite the easing of the shipping situation with the termination of hostilities, the volume of hosiery shipments has continued to remain at a comparatively low level (16,324 dozen pairs in 1946). The unit value of the hosiery shipped, however, has increased significantly in the last few years, despite the substitution of rayon for silk,
l/
Testimony of Richard Wagner, President, Puerto Rico Mills, Inc., "In the matter of: Public Hearing before the Special Industry Committee for Puerto Rico for the purpose of receiving evidence to be considered in recommending minimum wage rates for employees in Puerto Rico engaged in industries other than the needlework, sugar and leaf tobacco industries", February 18, 1941, pp. 195 and 206,, 2/ Testimony of Richmond Magner, at the "Hearing: In the matter of the Minimu rage Recommendation of Special Industry Committee No. 3'for Puerto Rico .for the Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industry in Puerto Rico", August 10, 1944, p. 10. (05544) _ 2 —
Table 1. Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industry: in Puerto Rico i Number of experienced workers and learners employed during specified periods, l33:1939 through January 1947
Date
Total
Experienced ?or :ers
Learners
1947:
January
77
45
32
1946:
January
55
39
1945:
January
65
48
li
1944:
January
70
57
13
1942;
June
71
J
a/
~~
1941-42
100
J
a' J
1940-41
76
~
1939-40
80
J
1939-39
50
Source:
/
J
~
16
a/ /
aJ a/
;Na.ge and Hour and Public Ccntracts Divisions, Puerto Rico Regional Office, for data fron June 1942 through January 197; and Government of Puerto Rico, De a tncnt of Labor, Annual Report of the Commissinner of Labor, fiscal years 1935--39 through 1941-42 Not available.
u
(05544)
Table 2. Full-Fashinnea Hosiery Industry in Puerto Rico: Quantity and value of silk and rayon hosiery shipped from Puerto Rico to the United States, 1938-1946 A Silk hosiery Year
Value
Quantity
Rayon hosiery Quantity
Value
(dozen pairs) (dollars) (dozen pairs) (dollars)
1938
8,192
vv 30,099
1939
29,993
134,198
1940
46,939
202,436
1941
38,771
166,807
1942
18,681
79,254
1943
13,067
51,388
6,153
24,483 ~
1944 1945 1946
Source:
J
16,610
79,905
J
17,488
; 102,424
~
16,324
:
95,307
United States Department of Commerce, Monthly Sturfnary of Foreign Commerce of the united States Not reported
{
-4(05 X44)
For purposes of comparison, Table 3 shows data on production and employment in the full-fashioned hosiery industry on the mainland of the United States from 1939 though 1946. It is interesting to note that in 1540, the year of highest Puerto Rican production, total shipments of hosiery from Puerto Rico to the United States represented approximately onetenth of one percent of the total United States mainland production. Transportation costs The yarn used in the manufacture of hosiery, is shipped from New York to Puerto Rico, and the entire output of hosiery (in the greige) is shipped to.the _m.ainl.and for finishing. The express rate, which includes pickup and delivery service from door to door, for shipping yarn from New York to Puerto Rico is 10 cents per pound for shipments weighing less than 60 po..:_ds and measuring under 3 cubic feet, For shipment of from 3 to 52 cubic feet and not over 200 pounds in weight, the commodity minimum is 6.00; shipments of more than 200 pounds and over 52 cubic feet, have a commodity minimum of X7.00 or a commodity rate of 75 cents per cubic foot (Table 4), The commodity minima for hosiery shipped from Puerto Rico to New York are the acme as those for shipping yarn from New York to Puerto Rico, except that the commodity rate for shipments of over 200 pounds and over 52 cubic feet is 77 cents per cubic foot 1/. The steamship commodity rate for shipping cotton, rayon,, synthetic fibre or wool yarn from New York to an Juan, Puerto Rico is 26 cents per cubic foot or 64 cents per hundred pounds. For shipments of hosiery from San Juan to New York, the rate is 32 cents per cubic foot 2/. In addition to the steamship commodity.rato, shippers also have a pay such other expenses as terminal charges and insuranco fcas, Testimony presented in February, 1941 indicated that, at that time, total freight and insurance costs for shipping raw materials to Puerto Rico and subsequently hosiery back to the states mounted to about 12 cents per dozen pairs 3/ By 1944, however, these costs had increased to 26 cents per dozen pairs .
1/ Porto ,Rican Express Company, February 3, 1947, 2/ United States Maritime Commission, United States Atlantic and GulfPuerto Rico Tariff numbers 7 and 8, as anucended February 1947. 3/ Testimony of Richard Wagner, February 18, 1941, op cit. p. 194. 4~ Wagner's Exhibit No. 1, presented at the Administrator's Hearing of ugust 10, 1944.
-5-
(05544)
Table 3. Full-Fashioned Hosiery industry: annual production and employment in the women's full-fashioned hosiery industry on the mainland of the United States, 1939-1946
Source:
~
Jt
Year
Production (dozen pairs)
Employment (monthly average)
1939
43,822,327
97,200 bJ
1940
41,870,428
8 6, 315
1941
41,818,722
81,953
1942
35,082,296
66,334
1943
37,997,776
60,193
1944
36, 594,'986
52,293
1945
34,740,395
49, 066
1946
40,323,254
58,025
National hssociation of Hosiery Manufacturers, Hosiery Statistics, 1945 and 1946 Salesmen excluded. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Census of Manufactures, 1939
—6
(05544)
Table 4, Full--Fashioned Hosiery Industry in Puerto Rico: Express charges for shipping ytn from Now York to Puerto Rico, and for shipping hosiery-fr'orn - Puerto Rico to New York, February 1947
--.
,-.
Point of Ori"in
.ar....~.~: _..'.r~r-_:~.+r
Point of ,destination
^
.
.
:ar.-.!a
—
..4
--_r
4:..T
Siso of shipment
~~ ...—.
—
Commodllty minimum or commodity rate
Yarn.: New York
Puerto Rico
Under 60 lbs. and under 3 cu o ft,
Minimum -- $.10 per 7b.
Over 3 cum ft. but not over 5z cum ft., and not over 200 lbs.
Minimum — $6000
Over 20Ó lbs, and over 52 cu. ft,
Minimv — $7.00 or Rate — $,75 per cu. ft.
Rosicry: Puerto Rico
New York
Under 60 lbs. and under 3 cu, ft.
Minimum -- $,.10 per lbQ
Over 3 cu ft: but not over 5-2 cu. ft., and not over 200 lbso
iíini~:uxi — $6.00
Over 200 lbs, and over 52 cu, ft.
Source:
Minimum — $7.00, or Rate — $. 77 per Cu. ft.
Porto Rican Express Co., February 3, 1947
-7-
(05544)
WAGE DATA Earnings According tó data compiled by the Insular Department of Labor and published in the Annual Reports of the Commissioner of Labor, average hourly earnings of all employees (including learners) in the full-fashioned hosiery industry were 18,1 cents in 1938-39;18.2 cents in 1939-40; 28.1 cents in 1940-41; and 24.3 cents in 1941-42, the last year for which such data are' available,, (Table 5). Weékl~r' éa iiñgs dropped from $713 in 193839 tó $6,28 in 1939-40 due primarily to the decrease in average hours worked per week„ In 1940-41 they rose to an average of 89.75 a week and then dropped again. to $6.64 in 1941-42. . Payroll data secured by the Puerto Rico Regional Office of the gage end Hour and Public Contracts Divisions, for the week ending January 26, 1946, indicated that all emrloyee,s other than learners earned an average of 42.3.cents an hour, and learners 17.7 cents; the average for all workers was 35,8 cents an hour. In January 1947,. the over-all hourly earnings averaged 37.0 cents; learners averaged 21.2 cents and all other workers 47,3 cents. Tables 6 and '7 present distribution of employees other than learners, and of learners, classified according to their individual average hourly earnings for the week ending January 4, 1947. Average hourly earnings of employees in the full-fashioned hosiery industry on the mainland of the United States from September 1942 through December 1946 are shown in Table 8. Estimated effect of increasing the minimum The minimum wage rate applicably; to the Full-Fashioned Hosiery Industy under the current wage order is 25 cents per hour. Table 9 shows the percentage of workers who would be directly affected, and the estimated direct percentage increase in the wage bill which would result from the ésinbl1shment of various possible minima from 26 to 40 cents an hour. Thus, for example, increasing the minimum to 26 cents would affect 6.7 percent of the experience workers and would mean a two-tenths of one percent increase in the wage bill of these workers. If, on the other hand, the increase were .calculet:d as a percentage of the total wage bill, (i.e. including the compensation of learners), raising the minimum to 26 cents would result in an increase of one-tenth of one percent. Similarly, increasing the minimum to 30 cents would affect 15.6 percent of the experienced workers and increase the wage bill of experienced workers eight-tenths of one percent, and the total wage bill six-tenths,,of one percent. A 35-cent minimum would affect 35.6 percent of the experienced workers and raise the total wage bill 2.8 percent, while a 40-cent minimum would affect 53.3 percent of the experienced workers and cause a 6.6 percent rise in the total wage. bill of the industry. Testimony presented at a hearing before the Administrator indicated that labor costs in Puerto Rican hosiery mill ameunted to $2.12 per dozen pairs of stocking in 1944 l/. Since at the public hearing before Special l/ Testimony of Richard Wagner, President, Puerto Rico Mills, Inc., "In the Matter of the Minimum Wage Recommendation of Special Industry Committee No. 3 for Puerto Rico for the Full-Fashioned.Hosiery Industry in Puerto Rico," August 10, 1944, p. 15. —8— (05544)
Table 5. Full-Fashioned Hosiery Iñdustry in Puerto Rico: Average hourly and weekly earnings, hours worked, number of employees and establishments, fiscal years 1939-1942 ~
a• ~.
Fis ca.l
1938-39 1939-40 1940-41 ~ 1941-42
Item
._..~,~•-~..:_~. _ . ---I
---- - - ~----
faerage hourly earnings-an (cents) Male (cents) Female (r eut,ol
18.1 22•4 1
18~2 Í 21.5 ¡ 14.9 ,
28.1
24.3
33.2 24.2
24.7 23.7
Hours worked per week - all Male Female
39.3 36.0
34.5 37.0
42.2
32.4
34.7 36.4 33.5
29.4 24.3
$7.13
$6.28
$,9.75
8.08 6.31
7.94
12.12
4:85
8.12
80
Earnings per week - all Male Female
27.3
$6.64 7,28 5.76
Number of emplyees - all Male Female
50 23 27
"~6 31 45
100
37 43
Number of establishments
1
1
1
1
Source:
58 42
Government of Puerto Rico, Department of Labor, Annual Re ort of the Commissioner of Labor, fiscal years 1938-39 through 1941-42
(05544)
-s-
~~~
Tabla 6, Full—Fashioned Hosiory Industry in Puerto Rico: Distribution of orrplcyoe (other than learners) by avorage hourly earnings for the rrocl, éudin January 4, 194.7
I Overage hourly earnings (cents)
Number
!
Tot~ l 25,0 260 27,0 2800 29,0 300 31.0 32,0 33„0 34,0 35,0 36,0 37,0 38„0 39,0 40,0 45.0 50.0 55.0 60,0 65.0 70.0 75.0
Í Í
-- 25~9 -- 26.9 - 27.9 -- 28~9 ..- 29.9 -- 30.9 -- 31.9 -- 32,9 -- 33.9 -- 34.9 - 35, 9 36,9 -- 37,9 -- 38,9 -- 39.9 - 44.9 - 49.9 -- 54.9 -~ 59, 9 - 64,9 -- 69,9 — 74.9 and over
Simple percentage distribution
45
100,; 0
3
6.7
4 4
8,9 8,9
2 2 1 3
4.4 4.4 2,2 6,7
3 2
6.7 4
3 4 2 3
6.7 8.9 4,4 6.7
i~
i
1
1
2.2 8 9 8,9 ~
Average hourly earnings scents)
ª~
6,7 6.7 6,7 6.7 15, 6 24,4 24,4 28.9 33, 3 35,6 42.2 42,2 48.9 53.3 53.3 60.0 68.9 73.3 800 80,0 82,2 91,1 100.0
i
1 4
1
Source;
Curulative percentage distribution
47.3
Wage and Hour and Public Contracts Divisions, Puerto Rico Regional Office
Includes one worker who earned 77,4 cents per hour; 1 at 85.0 cents; 1 at 91.0 cents; and 1 at $1.05 an hour.
-10-
(05544)
Table 7. Full—k'ashioned Hosiery Industry in Puerto Rico: Distribution of learners, by average hourly earnings, for the week enaing January 4, 1947 . —
—
n-•—
Average hourly earnings (cents)
:~.~~.s. a
Number
Simple percentage distribution a
Total
100.0
15.0.— 159
12.5
Cumula iJe percentage distribution
12.5
16.0• — l69
12.5
17.0.— 17.9
12.5
18.0— 13.9
12.5
19.0 — 19.9
12.5
20.0 -- 20.9
20
62.5
75.0
21.0 — 21.9
2
6. 3
81.3
6.3
87.5
22.0 —22.9 23,0 -- .23.9
1
31
90,E
24.0 —24.9
1
3.1
93.8
25.0 and over b
2
6.3
100.0
Average hourly earnings (cents).
21.2
Source:
J
wage and Hour ano Public Contracts Divisions, Puerto icico heional Office
Does not add to 100.0 due to rounding. Includes one learner who earned 38..8 cents per hour and one who earned 44.0 cents per hour.
— 11 — (0554.4)
Table 8,
FullFashioned Hosiery -Industry on he i•kainlan& of the United States: Average hourly earnings' September 1942 through December 1946
(in cents) Month
1943
1944
1945
1946
79,.0
$7.8
93,0
100.5
7903
8802
i 92,7
i.iarch
80~8
88~8
' 93,0
102~6
April
81,2
8809
93,8
103.4
! 930.8
104.1
¡ 94,1
103.9
1942
!
January Fcbruars,¡
á/
¡
i ~
102.2
May
-~/
82.3
June
ª/
33,0
i 89.7 i 89.8
July
ª/
83,1
i 9004
; 9400
Augis t
ª/
83~0
; 91,1
94,6
70~ 5
84,8
91,6
96~8
October
75,1
85,2
92.3
98,, 9
November
76.0
8604
91.9
; 98.8
116O0
December
76.4
87e2
! 9201
99,2
117,4
¡
105.6
í
September
Source:
á/
1
110.2 ~ ~
11400 114.6
U. S. Dopartment of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; unpublished data
iiot available.
(05544)
Table 9. Pull— ashioned _3osier~- Industry in Puerto Rico: Percentage of workers directly affected by, and esti:ated direct percentage increase in wage bill and roduct9.on costs resulting from ;the establishnQnt of various. 2ossible i.nimwn gage rates,. .as .based on 1y.ge dot a for. .. January 1947
Minimum . 1 hourly w~6;e rte ~ (cents) 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 ~^ 35 36 '37 38 39 40
Percentage ( of eporienc_ed workers directly affected 6.7 6.7 6. 7 6.7 15.6 24.4 ` 24.4 28.9 ' 33e3 35.6 42,2 42.2 48.9 53.3. 53.3
~
0.2 .3 .5 .6 .8 1.3 1.8 2.3 2.9 3.6 405 ~.3 603 .7.4 8,5
~
i rn1 or of. establishments 1 Number of employees 45 Average hourly earnings (cents) 47.3
Source:
~ bf
Peraentage increaso total wa.ye bill ( in-clud.ing compensation of learncrs)
Percén.tage, . increase in. Wage bill '(excluding compensation of learners)
Porcantagc incruaso, total in production costs ªf . .
0.1 .2 .4 .5 .6 1.0 1.4 1.8 2.3 208 3.5 A.~. 2 4.9 5.7 6.5
b,f .
.3. .4 .6 .8 1.0 102 1., 5 1.8 2.1 2.4 . 2.8
1 77 37.0
Z'Tage and flour and Public Contracts Divisions, Puerto Rico Regional Office
Labor costs have boon estimated to represent 42.4 percent of total production costs. Less than one-twentieth of one -Derccnt.
-13-
(055-14)
Industry Committee Number 3, it was indicated that total production costs were 5 per dozen pairs, labor costs represented. approximately 42.4 per— cent of total production costs 3/. By applying this percentage to the per— centage total wage bill increaseshown in Table 9, a rough estimate of the direct percentage increase in production costs which would result from raising the current 25—cent minimum to various possible minima from 26 to 40 cents an hour can be obtained. Thus, for example, a 30—cent minimum would result in a direct increase of approximately three—tenths of one—percent in total production costs, a 35—cent minimum in an increase of about 1.2 per— cent, and a 40--cent minimum in an increase of,2.8 percent. '"japes under union agreement The collective bargaining agreement between the.Puerto Rico Mi1].s, Incorporated, and the Workers' Union of the Puerto Rico Mills, Inc., affiliated with the General Confederation of Workers of Puerto Rico, (C.G.T.), signed on May 27, 1946, established a. minimum wage rate of 30 cents an hour for all workers with at least 2080 hours of experience. In this connection, it should be noted that the seven employees who were earning less than 30 cents ,en hour in January 1947 had already comrleted the number of hours specified in the learner permits granted by the Wage and Hour and Public Contracts Divisions, but did not have the 20£0 hours of experience necessary to qualify for the 30—cent minimum established by the union agreement. Since practically all of the workers in the Industry are paid cm a piece—rate basis, the contract also included a scale of piece rates for the various occupations in the industry. Table 10 presents the piece rates established Íáy this agreement, and in addition, for comparative purposes, the piece—rate scle for three previous periods for which' similar data are available. ~
Testimony of Mss. Ernest Hirsch, 11In The Matter Of:'Public Hearing Be— fore Special Industry Committee No. 3 for the Full—Fashioned Hosiery Industry of Puerto Rico for the Purpose of Receiving Evidence to be Considered in Recommending Minimum Wage Rates for Employees in Puerto Rico Who Pre Engaged i,n the Industry,n April l, 1944, pp. 3-4.
Table 10. Full—Fashioned Hosiery Industry in Puerto hico: Piece rates paid, by occupationJ for specified dates 1941 - 1946 Rates per dozen pair Zcents) 1941 aJ 1 1945 1946 1944 Occupation 30 45 40 492 Le gge rs Legger learners J: 11 10 Up to 480 hcurs of experience 13 14 430 960 hours 172 16 960 - 1440 hours 20 18 «fter 1440 hours 1.1 19 ! 16 16 Footers Footer learners c¡: 5 4 Up to 480 hours of experience 7 6 46:0 - 960 hours 9 8 960 - 1440 hours After 1440 hours 11 10 23 11 16 18 Toppers J: Loope rs 6 9 8 1 1 ZO 92 72 Seamcrs ivle`i id e rs : Cotton i_2 Rayon 15 Special 35 Winde rs : z 27~ Cotton (per pound) 25 Rayon (pc pound) 33 30 Examiners: 22 Final lc3 Footer 282 26 Leger 30 27 Source:
b
Wage and Hour and Public Contracts Divisions, Puerto Rico Regional Off ice
Schedule of rates established by collective bargaining agreement signed on May 27, 1946 Earnings based upon production of journeyman legger. Earnings based unon prduction of journeyman footer. Earnings based uocn the number of imperfect stockings handled.
(05544)