ion of Crimes Against Humanity in Venezuela,” Organization of American States, p. 337-48, 29 May, 2018, http://www.oas.org/documents/eng/press/ Informe-Panel-Independiente-Venezuela-EN.pdf. lxxxiii “Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Mrs Fatou Bensouda, on opening Preliminary Examinations into the situations in the Philippines and in Venezuela,” International Criminal Court, 8 Feburary, 2018, https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/item.aspx?name=180208-otp-stat. lxxxiv lxvi Agencias. “Gobierno de Curazao deporto a nueve venezolana que estaban en huelga de hambre.” Aporrea. March 20, 2018. Accessed August 14, 2018. lxxxv Ibid. See note 24. lxvii lxxxvi El Cooperante. “Aruba deporto a mas de 30 venezolanos que se encontraban de forma ilegal en la isla.” El Cooperante. February 24, 2018. Accessed August 14, 2018. Funding Update 2018: Venezuela Situation as of 11 September 2018, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, September 2018. Web. 10 October 2018. < https://data2.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/65919> lxxxvii Castillo, Maria. “Holanda apoya deportación de venezolanos de las islas caribeñas.” Noticias Curazao. April 6, 2018. Accessed August 14, 2018. USAID, “United States Continues to Assist Venezuelans in Need,” September 25, 2018, https://www.usaid.gov/news-information/press-releases/ sep-25-2018-united-states-continues-assist-venezuelans-need. lxviii “Informe Final: Registro Administrativo de Migrantes Venezolanos en Colombia,” Refworld.org, June 2018. Web. 11 October 2018. < http://www. refworld.org.es/pdfid/5b2957524.pdf>. lxix Geoff Ramsey, Gimena Sánchez-Garzoli, “Responding to an exodus: Venezuela’s Migration and Refugee Crisis as Seen From the Colombian and Brazilian Borders” p. 17, WOLA, July 2018. lxx UPI, “Guyana to create settlement for Venezuelan refugees,” July 31, 2018, https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2018/07/31/Guyana-to-create-settlement-for-Venezuelan-refugees/3271533082115/. lxxi lxxii Geoff Ramsey, Gimena Sánchez-Garzoli, “Responding to an exodus: Venezuela’s Migration and Refugee Crisis as Seen From the Colombian and Brazilian Borders” p. 11, WOLA, July 2018. Geoff Ramsey, Gimena Sánchez-Garzoli, “Responding to an exodus: Venezuela’s Migration and Refugee Crisis as Seen From the Colombian and Brazilian Borders” p. 11, WOLA, July 2018. lxxiii Nakhid, Rochelle and Andrew Welch. “Protection in the absence of legislation in Trinidad and Tobago.” Forced Migration Review. October 2017. Accessed August 14, 2018. < http://www.fmreview.org/latinamerica-caribbean/nakhid-welch.html#_edn3>. lxxiv Trinidad and Tobago Guardian, “Immigration Chief admits Venezuelan influx,” September 15, 2018, http://www.guardian.co.tt/news/immigration-chief-admits-venezuelan-influx-6.2.667582.db4381deb7. lxxv lxxvi Trinidad National Legislative Bodies. “Trinidad and Tobago: A phased approach towards the establishment of a national policy to address refugee and asylum matters in the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago.” Refworld. June 2014. Accessed August 14, 2018. lxxvii Hutchinson-Jafar, Linda. “U.N. says Trinidad forcibly deported Venezuelan refugees.” Reuters. April 23, 2018. Accessed August 14, 2018. lxviii Sarache, Emily. “Trinidad y Tobago: No aceptaremos venezolanos.” Noticiero Digital. August 1, 2018. Accessed August 14, 2018. lxxix Scruggs, Gregory. “Venezuelan migrants bring Trinidad’s flawed refugee policy to light.” Christian Science Monitor. July 23, 2018. Accessed August 14, 2018. lxxx See note 8. “Grupo de Lima sostuvo reunión para tratar la crisis de migrantes venezolanos,” Somos Diaspora, June 15, 2018, https://somosdiaspora.com/ web/grupo-de-lima-sostiene-reunion-para-tratar-la-crisis-de-migrantesvenezolanos/. lxxxvii “Exigencia de pasaporte en Perú reduce llegada de venezolanos a menos de la mitad,” El Nuevo Herald, August 26, 2018, https://www.elnuevoherald. com/noticias/mundo/america-latina/venezuela-es/article217363845.html. lxxxix Insight Crime, “Shifting Criminal Dynamics Signal Violent Future for Colombia-Venezuela Border,” January 29, 2018, https://www.insightcrime. org/news/analysis/shifting-criminal-dynamics-violence-colombia-venezuela-border/. xc Geoff Ramsey, Gimena Sánchez-Garzoli, “Responding to an exodus: Venezuela’s Migration and Refugee Crisis as Seen From the Colombian and Brazilian Borders” p. 13, WOLA, July 2018. xci “Residents of Brazil Border Town Attack Camps for Venezuelan Migrants,” New York Times, August 19, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/19/ world/americas/residents-pacaraima-brazil-border-town-attack-venezuela-migrants-camp.html. xcii Editorial La Opinion Cucuta. “¿Cuáles riesgos y conflictos afrontan los migrantes que provienen de Venezuela?” La Opinion Cucuta. August 19, 2017. Accessed August 10, 2018. xciii Equipo Humanitario Pais (Colombia.) “Plan de Respuesta a Flujos Migratorios Mixtos Desde Venezuela.” United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. April 27, 2018. Accessed August 10, 2018. xciv xcv Albaladejo, Angelika. “Redes transnacionales de explotación sexual sacan ventaja de crisis en Venezuela.” InSight Crime. June 28, 2018. Accessed August 10, 2018. Melendez, Jose. “Mafias colombianas enganchan a venezolanas y las traen a Mexico.” El Universal. May 8, 2018. Accessed August 10, 2018. xcvi Faiola, Anthony. “From Riches to Rags: Venezuelans become Lain America’s new underclass.” Washington Post. July 27, 2018. Accessed August 10, 2018. xcvii TalCual. “Paises Bajos apoyara a Curazao para tratar a los refugiados venezolanos.” TalCual. April 8, 2018. Accessed August 14, 2018. xcviii Agencia EFE. “Rescatan a venezolanas victimas de prostitución en Republica Dominicana.” El Nuevo Dia. June 24, 2018. Accessed August 10, 2018. lxxxii Marco, Daniel Garcia. “El inesperado perjuicio para Venezuela del cierre de la frontera con Curazao ordenado por el presidente Nicolas Maduro.” BBC Mundo. February 18, 2018. Accessed August 14, 2018. xcic lxxxi 20 Unidad Investigativa Sobre Venezuela. “Venezolanos que huyen de su país son una oportunidad para el crimen organizado.” InSight Crime. August 11, 2017. Accessed August 10, 2018. No Strangers At the Gate: Collective Responsibility and a Region’s Response to the Venezuelan Refugee and Migration Crisis

No Strangers at the Gate