Cheltenham Science Festival at Home: Family Pack by Cheltenham Festivals

#CheltSciFest

FESTIVAL AT HOME FAMILY PACK

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Welcome to Cheltenham Science Festival 2021. We hope you and your children enjoy our first ever digital family programme - all free! Create your own Festival at home, or dip into your choice of events as you like. Please share the programme with family, friends and schools across the UK and abroad as this is the first year that children everywhere can access the Festival. Thank you so much for taking part. Elspeth Kenny (Education Manager) Marieke Navin (Head of Programming)

How to take part This pack has some information and ideas to help you make the most of the digital content online. Enjoy a show, take part in a workshop and explore the digital discover zone at your leisure. Look out for the following... Shows are generally 25 minutes long and include a challenge set by the speaker. These challenges are optional, and the videos can be enjoyed with or without doing this follow-up activity. Workshops are designed for you to do activities alongside the video. Here we have included the materials you will need, and there are pause points marked in the video where the presenter invites you to pause, do the activity, then return to play the next section. Challenges and Activities Many of our scientists and presenters have set a challenge as part of their event. You’ll need We’ve included a list of anything you need to take part. Digital Discover Zone An online space with activities from our Festival partners. You may wish to do the activities in bubbles next to events in this pack, or delve in and explore online. All activities can be filtered by age suitability and subject. So you want to be a...? We have curated a series of short videos introducing the talented minds working in science, engineering and maths. Find suggested videos related to each event in bubbles, or select the ‘Careers’ filter at the top of the Digital Discover Zone page to meet them all.

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How To View Visit our virtual Festival site science.cheltenhamfestivals.online and click on Schools and Families. Unless otherwise stated, all events will be available on the website from 13 May until 14 September 2021. You don’t need to register to watch and all events in this pack are free to view. The events are on the Vimeo platform.

Share Your Festival We’d love to share in your Festival at Home. Please take pictures and tag us in on Twitter or Instagram @cheltfestivals using the hashtag #CheltSciFest. Remember to tag the scientists and presenters too – you might even get a response!

About Cheltenham Festivals Cheltenham Festivals is a charity creating experiences which bring joy, deepen curiosity, connect communities and inspire change. Cheltenham Science Festival champions the next generation of STEM professionals and encourages everyone to engage confidently in conversations about science and how it affects their everyday lives. You can support our work by buying books from our Waterstones Festival Bookshop Every purchase using this link generates a small contribution to our charity. Thank you!

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AGES 5+

SS02

The Spectacular Science Of The Very (Very) Small

Search for DZ30 and DZ50 in the Digital Discover Zone for more materials challenges

Age recommendation: 5+ Estimated duration: 25 minutes This is a show so tune in and enjoy. Everything is made from something – but the way we make things, from the materials we use to the science and technology involved, is changing fast. Jess Wade introduces budding young scientists and engineers to the fascinating, cutting-edge science of nanotechnology. @JessWade

Challenge Design a wonder material! If you could move atoms around to create a material with exactly the kind of properties needed to solve a global challenge, what problem would you solve and what would you create?

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AGES 5+

SS03

Challenge

An Engineer Like Me

Build a marble run that keeps a marble moving for 30 seconds! Think about using different materials to slow the marble down or speed it up as needed. How can you use height and angles to achieve your goal? Consider how you can keep the marble moving after the initial push. Measure the distance and time, and see if you can calculate the speed of your marble movement too!

Age recommendation: 5+ Estimated duration: 25+ minutes This is a show with a challenge, so tune in and enjoy and then get cracking! Zara is curious about everything! Travelling around the city with her gran, she sees all kinds of fascinating things. How do roller coasters do loop-the-loops? How do planes stay up? As she marvels about how they work, Zara learns about some of the brilliant engineers who have shaped the world around her. Explore the wonder and creativity of the world’s most exciting inventions with engineer, TV presenter and author of An Engineer Like Me, Shini Somara. @ShiniSomara

You’ll need • A marble or other small ball • Items from your recycling box, such as cardboard, cartons, newspaper, plastic bottles • Sellotape, bluetack or glue • A ruler or measuring tape • A stopwatch

Engineering company GE has an extra challenge for you: Design your own power station! What sources of energy will we use to power our homes in the future? Energy used to come almost entirely from burning fossil fuels, but over the Easter weekend this year, 80% of Britain’s power came from low-carbon energy sources. These include wind power, nuclear power and solar power. Where else could we get energy from? Think about different types of energy, such as kinetic, thermal or nuclear. Where does energy get wasted that we could ‘harvest’? Use your imagination and creativity to invent a power station for the future! Share your designs with @GEAviation.

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AGES 5+

SS01

Stella and the Seagull: Being The Change Activity

Age recommendation: 5+ Estimated duration: 50 minutes This is a workshop, so assemble the necessary materials and prepare to get hands-on.

Become a changemaker yourself! Think about what change you would like to see in the world. Perhaps you would like more trees in your streets, or wish your favourite snack used recyclable packaging? Next, think about how you could make this happen. Perhaps you would like to write a poem to share, or draw a comic, or write a letter to someone in charge? Include lots of information to encourage them to create change, then pop it in the post! Or choose from a range of artistic and scientific activities here.

When Stella’s little seagull friend gets poorly from the plastic stuck in its tummy, Stella wants to do anything she can to try and help. From beach clean ups to banning plastic straws, her ideas spread around the community and make a huge impact. Thanks to Stella, the little seagull and all its animal friends can live in a better environment. Join author Georgina Stevens to explore how you too can use your courage and creativity to make positive change by inspiring others to make change too. @GeorginaStevens @OxfordChildrens

You’ll need • Paper and pencil

Spirax-Sarco Engineering plc has an extra challenge for you: Re-purposing! Spirax-Sarco Engineering plc contributes to a greener world by identifying where energy is wasted and finding ways to use this energy i.e. giving something previously considered to be waste a new life! Being responsible with the items around your home is another way you can contribute to a more sustainable Earth. What do you think are the benefits of re-purposing? Think of an item that has a single purpose and a short life cycle. Can you think of ways to extend the lifecycle of the item by finding other uses for it? Or re-designing it for another purpose? For example, you could transform a milk carton into a watering can! Share your designs with @Spirax_Sarco_UK.

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AGES 5+

SS04

Amazing Illusions Age recommendation: 5+ Estimated duration: 50 minutes This is a workshop, so assemble the necessary materials and prepare to get hands-on. Can you really believe your eyes? In this fun workshop all about visual illusions, you’ll find out why what we see isn’t always what’s really there. Ginny Smith from Braintastic! Science will show you how to make your own illusions to try out on your friends and family. Along the way you’ll also discover how important your brain is to see the world around you and how illusions can help us understand how it works. @GinnyFBSmith @BraintasticSci #CuriosityCorner

Activity 1 Make a thaumatrope! Carefully cut out a pair of pictures and colour them in. Glue the two circles together with a straw in the middle, so it looks like a lollipop (just like Ginny’s in the video). Make sure the pictures are lined up! When the glue is dry, hold the bottom of the straw between your palms and rub it backwards and forwards so that it spins. What happens to the pictures? Now try drawing your own design on the blank circles. What kinds of colours and pictures work best? Play the video to remind yourself what is happening in your brain as you watch it spin.

You’ll need for activity 1 • Printed templates on page 30 • Coloured pens or pencils • Scissors • Glue stick • Straws

Activity 2 Make a Benham’s top! Carefully cut out one of the disks. Make your disk a bit stronger by gluing your disk onto thin card and cutting round it again. Ask an adult to make a small hole in the centre of the circle with a pin, and poke a wooden toothpick through the hole so that about 1/3 is below the disk and 2/3 is sticking out the top. Be careful, the ends of the toothpick can be sharp! Use blobs of bluetack above and below the hole to hold the toothpick in place. Hold the toothpick at the top and give your spinner a twirl! What do you see? Can you see any colours appearing? Ask someone else what colours they see – are they the same as yours? Play the video to find out what is happening in your brain as you watch it spin.

You’ll need for activity 2 • Printed templates on page 31 • Card • Scissors • Glue stick • A sharp pin or needle • Wooden toothpick • Blu Tack

Search for DZ27 in the Digital Discover Zone for another illusion challenge

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AGES 5+

Activity 1 Find some moss! Following Jules’ instructions, head out your nearest wall or tree to collect some moss and pop it in your cup or beaker. (Your teacher might have done this for you already!) Play the video to find out what to do next.

Activity 2

SS05

Find and draw a mysterious moss beast! Gently tear apart the moss on your white paper. Can you see any tiny mysterious beasts moving around? Take a closer look with a magnifying glass if you have one, and use the template to draw what you find. How many legs does it have? How fast does it move? What shape is the body? What else do you notice about it? Label your drawing with as much detail as you can. When you’re done, remember to wash your hands, then play the video to join Jules exploring moss under a high-power microscope to see the even tinier animals that live there. Who will be the first to spot a waterbear?

We’re Going On A Waterbear Hunt Age recommendation: 5+ Estimated duration: 50 minutes This is a workshop, so assemble the necessary materials and prepare to get hands-on. Would you like to discover the secrets of living forever? Or timetravel into the future? Could you imagine being invincible? Or producing clones of yourself that go onto conquer the world? These superhero-like skills are common in the animals that live in one of the smallest habitats on Earth – one right outside your back door… Join Jules Howard investigating the miniature microcosm that exists in moss. Uncover mites, tiny worms and mini-monsters like rotifers, whilst searching for the most elusive and mighty beast of all – the water bear! @JulesLHoward

You’ll need • • • • •

Some moss (a palm-sized amount) A cup or beaker A sheet of white A4 paper A magnifier ‘Mysterious moss beast’ template on page 32 (optional)

Search for DZ06 and DZ07 in the Digital Discover Zone to meet people working in environmental jobs

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AGES 7+

See this show in real life in Cheltenham Town Hall on Saturday 12 June - see website for tickets and details

SS06

Weirdology

Challenge Make a vegetable instrument! Ask an adult with a drill to carefully drill a wide hole in the top of a carrot, and a narrower hole from the bottom of the carrot (or other root vegetable). Make a reed by cutting a plastic straw in half, then trimming and flattening the end into a v shape. Put the straw into the hole of the vegetable, and give it a go. Can you perform a tune, or create a vegetable orchestra?

Age recommendation: 7+ Estimated duration: 40 minutes This is a show so tune in and enjoy. Join TV Gastronaut Stefan Gates as he presents an explosive – and often thoroughly disgusting – show. He’ll unpick the weird science behind our everyday lives and tell you everything you ever (or never?) wanted to know about fart acoustics, food hacking, edible rockets and motorbike explosions. Prepare to be disgusted and amazed in equal measure! @StefanGates

You’ll need • An adult with a drill • A carrot or other root vegetable • A plastic straw • Scissors

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AGES 7+

SS08

Plastic Fantastic? Search for DZ50 and DZ51 in the Digital Discover Zone for a materials scavenger hunt challenge

Age recommendation: 7+ Estimated duration: 25+ minutes This is a show so tune in and enjoy. What can have any shape, colour or use imaginable and will last 500 years? Plastic! Despite the damage plastic does to the environment, demand has never been higher. Join materials scientist Jamie Gallagher as he uncovers the amazing properties that led to the plastic boom and how to tackle the plastic problem effectively. @JamieBGall

Challenge Can you think of two properties and two uses of stone, glass, metal and plastic?

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AGES 7+

Activity 1 Create a plastic timeline! Have a look at the plastic items on the timeline. How long do you think these items take to decompose? Which do you think is the slowest to break down? Which is the quickest? Imagine plastics were invented waaay back in history – how many years ago do you think these plastics should been created for these items to have decomposed by 2021? Discuss with your classmates, and draw a line between each plastic item and the dots on the timeline. Think about how much the world has changed during this time… and how much the world will change in the future… but the plastics we use today will still be around. Then play the video to find out the answers.

SS09

A Sea Of Plastic Age recommendation: 7+ Estimated duration: 50 minutes This is a workshop, so assemble the necessary materials and prepare to get hands-on.

Activity 2

Unless you’ve been hiding under a single-use bottle, you’ll know that our use of plastic is a BIG issue. Marine biologists Russell Arnott and FameLab alumna Elizabeth Mills will showcase some fun, hands-on experiments that introduce you to the problems around ocean plastic, before empowering you with simple solutions that can make a real difference in saving the planet. @Russell_Arnott @MarineMumbles

Recycle Styrofoam! Help your teacher break up the Styrofoam into small pieces and pop them in the bowl. Watch as your teacher carefully pours some nail varnish remover onto the Styrofoam. What do you notice? What can you see, smell and hear? Can you explain what is happening?

You’ll need for activity 1 • Plastic timeline on page 33

Search for DZ33 and DZ34 in the Digital Discover Zone to help conserve fish in the River Severn!

You’ll need for activity 2 • Styrofoam packaging • Nail varnish remover (acetone) • A bowl • Gloves

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AGES 7+

SS10

Drip Drop Tick Tock Challenge Age recommendation: 7+ Estimated duration: 40+ minutes This is a workshop, so assemble the necessary materials and prepare to get hands-on. Have you ever wondered about the science of measuring time? Plunge back to Ancient Egypt to discover how the first clocks were created and submerge yourself in the incredible watery inventions used to keep time. Soak up some ancient knowledge with STEMworks and use it to design your own water clock! How accurate is your timekeeping? @STEMworksUK #DripDropTickTock

Activity Create a water clock! Aim to time 1 minute using 200ml of water… you may wish to begin by copying Claire’s design using an empty plastic bottle. How long does it take for all the water to leave the bottle? What could you do to make this faster, or slower? Try increasing or decreasing the number of holes – does this help? What else could you try to make your water clock as accurate as possible? When you’ve achieved timing 1 minute with 200ml water, use your imagination and other containers to try making a more complex and/or beautiful water clock, keeping the same time.

You’ll need • An empty plastic bottle • Containers (e.g. from the recycling such as plastic bottles, yogurt pots, cartons) • Something to make holes in the containers, such as a compass or drawing pins • Measuring jug and/or scales • Bluetack or plasticine • Sellotape • Scissors • Stopwatch • Water You could also use construction kits such as Lego or Meccano, and straws or string. Search for DZ28 and DZ53 in the Digital Discover Zone for more building challenges

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AGES 7+

Activity Design and create a safety device to stop an egg breaking when dropped from 2 metres! Just like crash-helmets, your device should be as light as possible and easy to remove from the egg, but should not be a parachute-type design. Think about the properties of the different materials in a crash helmet – how can you use this information in your design? When you have discussed with your team and drawn your design on the template, move onto the build phase. (Remember to weigh your egg before you start building, so you can calculate the mass of your Egg Safety Device to find out who has the lightest design.) Now test your design by dropping it from 2 metres onto a hard surface. How can you make this a fair test? Will your egg survive? What could you do to improve your design? Download more detailed notes, certificates and additional information from here. Share your designs on padlet here or email: info@discovermaterials.uk

SS11

Saving Humpty Dumpty Age recommendation: 7+ Estimated duration: 50 minutes This is a workshop, so assemble the necessary materials and prepare to get hands-on. Become a materials scientist by creating and testing a crash helmet… for an egg! Dive head-first into the world of crash helmet design with Discover Materials as you learn the science behind the materials and engineering of protective headgear, and create your own device to keep your egg intact. @DiscovMaterials

You’ll need • A sponge • 10cm x 10cm bubble wrap • 10 x Styrofoam chips (or equivalent) • 60cm parcel tape • Scissors • Worksheet on page 34 and 35 • Weighing scales • An egg (hardboiled if you want to reduce potential mess!) • Tape measure (to measure a 2 metre drop) • Outside space for testing • Dustpan and/or mop for clean up

Search for DZ60 in the Digital Discover Zone to design your own material

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AGES 9+

Challenge

SS07

Demonstrate comet orbits! In groups, choose one of you to be the Sun, one to be a planet and one to be a comet. Can you demonstrate how the planet and comet would orbit the Sun? Which direction should you move in? What’s different about your movements?

Snowballs In Space Age recommendation: 9+ Estimated duration: 25 minutes This is a show so tune in and enjoy. Join astronomers Affelia Wibisono and Choong Ling Liew-Cain on a journey back in time to learn how the smallest components of the Solar System became the building blocks of the planets we know today. Explore our cosmic neighbourhood filled with icy comets and discover how scientists will soon attempt to ‘catch’ one! @AffeliaW @ChoongLingAstro @MSSLSpaceLab

You’ll need • An open space • Some volunteers Search for DZ13 in the Digital Discover Zone to meet a rocket scientist

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AGES 7+

Maths Mayhem Age recommendation: 7+ Estimated duration of each activity: 10-20 minutes This is a series of five short maths activities so assemble the necessary materials and prepare to get hands-on.

SS13

Maths Mayhem 2: Paper Folding And Rice Counting

Do you know how you can count to infinity using rice and a chess board? Mathematician and FameLab alumnus Kyle Evans doesn’t just have a talent for crunching numbers, he is also an occasional poet and comedian! Sharing his love of maths with you, he’ll explore some truly curious mathematical problems, from Fibonacci based rhyme to tips on how to win the paper folding world championships! @KyleDEvans

When you double numbers they get big, fast!

Activity 1 Fold your piece of paper in half. Keep folding your paper in half as many times as you can. How many times can you fold it in half? Why do you think this is?

Activity 2 How many grains of rice fit in a two-finger pinch? How many pinches make a teaspoon? How many teaspoons fill a bag? Each time, take the closest number to doubling numbers (4, 8, 16, 32 etc). Which square on the chessboard corresponds to a 16kg sack of rice? How many 16kg sacks would fill a classroom? Which square would represent every classroom in your school? Or in your country?

SS12

Maths Mayhem 1: HOTPO Numbers

An arithmetic workout to get you warmed up. It’s easier for some people than others – depends how old you are!

Activity Start with your age. If your age is even, halve it. If your age is odd, triple it and add 1. Now you have a new number. Again, if that number is even, halve it, and if it’s odd, triple it and add 1. Keep going! What do you notice?

You’ll need for activity 1 • A piece of scrap A4 paper

You’ll need for activity 2 • A chess board, or grid resembling a chess board • A calculator • Rice (optional)

You’ll need • Paper and a pencil

Search for DZ38 and DZ55 in the Digital Discover Zone for more maths challenges

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AGES 7+

SS14

Maths Mayhem 3: Penny In A Well

SS15

Here’s a neat trick for working out how tall something is, just by dropping a ball or coin from the top.

If you thought doubling numbers got big quick, wait until you learn about factorials!

Activity

Activity 1

Work out how the height of something without a measuring tape! Drop something from as high as safely possible and use your stopwatch to time how many seconds it takes to hit the floor. To calculate the height in metres, multiply the time by itself, then multiply that by 5. Look around you – what heights would you like to measure this way? When you’re done, play the last bit of the video to hear a poem about this activity!

Everyone knows the 2 rules about rabbits: baby rabbits become adult rabbits, and adult rabbits have baby rabbits. Count along the rabbit generations with Kyle, and then continue the sequence. Can you spot anything interesting about the sequence? Play the video to find out if you’re right.

Maths Mayhem 4: Breeding Rabbits

Activity 2 Using your A, B, and C objects only, how many different orders can you place them in? Next, add in your object beginning with D – how many different orders can you place these 4 objects in? Can you work this out systematically? Play the video to find out more, and how this relates to the whole population of the world!

You’ll need • Something to drop from a height e.g. a tennis ball or soft toy • Stopwatch • Tape measure (optional)

You’ll need for activity 1 • Objects to represent baby and adult rabbits (e.g. playdoh, multilink etc)

You’ll need for activity 2

Search for DZ15 in the Digital Discover Zone to see where studying maths can take you

• 4 objects beginning with A, B, C and D (optional)

SS16

Maths Mayhem 5: Number Trick

Learn a truly amazing trick, for which you’ll just need a pen and paper.

Activity Choose a three-digit number. Reverse the digits and subtract one number from the other, and then reverse the digits on this new number and add these two numbers together… what do you get?

You’ll need • Paper and a pencil

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AGES 11+

SS21

Invisible Worlds Age recommendation: 11+ Estimated duration: 25 minutes This is a show so tune in and enjoy. A microscopical journey into the unseen… Take a journey from everyday life, down into the realm of microscopical wonders with Marty Jopson, the BBC One Show’s resident scientist. Using state of the art microscopes, from things you can almost see to a world totally invisible to the unaided eye. Marty takes you from hugely magnified arthropods, cells, bacteria and ending with the coronavirus itself. A microscopical show full of stunning images and samples harvested from Marty himself. There will be blood – you have been warned! @MartyJopson This show is supported by Zeiss, global leaders in the manufacture of microscopes.

Challenge Join a research team! The Francis Crick Institute need your help to study images of cells that were produced using an Electron Microscope. Check out the FAQs to learn about their project, take the tutorial, then find and draw around the endoplasmic reticulum to contribute to our understanding of biology and disease.

SS23

Making Waves Age recommendation: 11+ Estimated duration: 25+ minutes This is a show so tune in and enjoy. Demos and dancing collide in this high-energy show. Through song, comedy, and the occasional explosion, science troubadour Jonny Berliner explains how energy is conserved, stored and transferred. An audible science feast, this is physics as you’ve never seen or heard before. @SciTunesUK Search for DZ47 in the Digital Discover Zone to learn about quantum physics through dance, feature in a short film and take part in research

Challenge Become a science songwriter! Choose your favourite song… Can you change the words to include all the stores and transfers of energy included in this show? Share your recordings with us!

Search for DZ05 in the Digital Discover Zone to see where studying physics can take you

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AGES 11+

Activity Copper-plate a steel paper-clip! Put 15-20 copper coins into a jar with one tablespoon of salt. Quarter-fill the jar with vinegar, and swirl the jar for about a minute, mixing the coins with the vinegar. Ensure all the coins are on top of the salt, then add the paperclip on top of the coins. Can you explain what is happening? Play the end of the video to find out if you are correct! Could you copperplate larger items in the same way as with the paperclip? Do you think these reactions work with a different acid, or without salt?

SS21

Utterly Jarvellous Age recommendation: 11+ Estimated duration: 45+ minutes This is a workshop, so assemble the necessary materials and prepare to get hands-on.

You’ll need

Get ready to create your very own science experiment using just a jar and everyday objects around the house or classroom. In this digital workshop, author and scientist Sai Pathmanathan will walk you through copper plating, one of the many mind-blowing experiments from her latest book, Utterly Jarvellous. Make sure to watch closely as the reaction happens right before your eyes! @Sai_Path

• A glass jar (and an optional shallow jar, such as a glass ramekin) • 15-20 copper coins (i.e. one and two pence pieces) • An uncoated paperclip • A tablespoon • Vinegar • Table salt • Digital USB microscope (optional)

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AGES 11+

Activity 1 Think – what is a metal? Can you describe the 6 key properties of metals?

Activity 2 What are some other uses for copper, aluminium, or steel? Now it’s time for the experiment… based on your knowledge of metals, which do you predict would make the best coating for a space shuttle? Which of the test metals do you predict will last the longest in extreme heat, like the conditions when re-entering Earth’s atmosphere? Why? Play the video to find out.

Activity 3 Did the results match your predictions? What is the other key factor in melting time? How does this influence how we choose materials? What material would you use for coating a space shuttle returning to Earth? Why?

SS24

Space Shuttle Re-entry Age recommendation: 11+ Estimated duration: 45+ minutes This is a workshop, so assemble the necessary materials and prepare to get hands-on.

You’ll need • Worksheet on page 40 (optional)

Astronauts boldly go where no one has gone before… but how do they get home again? Learn why re-entering Earth’s atmosphere is so tricky and investigate properties of materials that can help the journey succeed with Discover Materials. Can you choose the best materials to steer a space shuttle safely back to Earth? @DiscovMaterials

Search for DZ42-DZ46 in the Digital Discover Zone for more flying challenges.

Search for DZ20 and DZ22 in the Digital Discover Zone to meet people working on aircrafts

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AGES 11+

Search for DZ41 in the Digital Discover Zone for Artificial Intelligence challenges

Activity 1 Make a brain hat! Cut out both hemispheres of your template, snip the solid ‘V’ lines, then pull the flaps you have created over to their dashed lines and secure with tape or glue. Join the two halves together with tape to make a hat, and add the cerebellum at the back if you wish. Pop your hat on your head and play the next part of the video to learn more about the functions of each part of your brain.

You’ll need

SS25

A Beginner’s Guide To The Brain

• The brain hat template on page 41 and 42, printed or stuck onto card for durability (or download more templates and detailed instructions here, freely available online with the kind permission of Ellen J Mchenry) • Scissors • Sellotape and/or glue

Age recommendation: 11+ Estimated duration: 45+ minutes This is a workshop, so assemble the necessary materials and prepare to get hands-on.

Activity 2

The brain is one of the most fascinating organs of the human body. It helps us think, learn and create our most cherished memories, and yet there is still so much to discover about how the brain functions and why diseases of the brain happen. Join neuroscientist and UK FameLab alumna Emma Yhnell on a journey through this incredible part of our body by using your own-made brain hemisphere hat to investigate the structures of the brain and understand what happens in brain disease. @EmmaYhnell

Make a tasty MRI scanner! Lay your gummy bear on the lollypop stick, and carefully move it into your minty-makeshift-MRI scanner. (You may need to nibble it down to make it fit!) What do you need to know to prepare for an MRI scan? How do they work? Put yourself in your gummy bear’s shoes and imagine what it is like to have your brain scanned.

You’ll need • A polo sweet • A lollypop stick • A gummy bear

Search for DZ62 in the Digital Discover Zone to discover other life-changing technologies

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AGES 11+

Activity 1 Draw the ‘easy-difficult’ axis on the flipchart paper and write Martin’s examples of Purely Scientific Problems on Post-it notes. In discussion with your group, place these questions where you think they lie on this axis. For example, the question ‘how do we explain the motion of a pendulum?’ can be answered fairly easily in one scientific equation, whereas the question ‘will it snow in Cheltenham on 25 December 2050?’ is much more difficult to answer because we do not have the tools needed for precise longrange weather forecasting. In your group, come up with three of your own Purely Scientific Questions and discuss where you think these could go on this axis. Write your questions on Post-it notes so you can move them around as you discuss them with your group. Play the next part of the video to get Martin’s thoughts and feedback… do you agree? If not, why not?

Activity 2 Draw the ‘easy-difficult’ axis on another piece of flipchart paper and write Martin’s examples of Non-Scientific Problems on Post-it notes. With your group, discuss how difficult these are to answer, and place them on your axis. In your group, come up with 3 of your own Non-Scientific Problems and discuss where you think these could go on this axis. Again, write the questions on Post-it notes so you can move them around as you discuss them with your group. Imagine questions that fall outside of what is conventionally regarded as science, such as ‘who are the top ten artists of all time?’ and ‘how should I tie my shoelaces?’. Play the next part of the video to get Martin’s thoughts and feedback… do you agree? If not, why not?

KS3 SS26

How To Think Like A Scientist

Age recommendation: 11+ Estimated duration: 45+ minutes This is a workshop, so assemble the necessary materials and prepare to get hands-on.

Activity 3

Does learning science teach us how to think like a scientist? And is there just one single way that scientists think? Delve into the very nature of science with FameLab alumnus Martin Coath and challenge yourself to come up with your own scientific questions. Learn how scientific results can help us answer our biggest questions and whether there are any questions even science cannot answer. @MCoath

On another piece of flipchart paper, draw the 2-axes of scientific / non-scientific, and easy / difficult. Building on your conversations so far, discuss with your group where you think all your questions should go on this 2D plane and move your Post-it notes accordingly. Play the final part of the video to get Martin’s thoughts and feedback… do you agree? If not, why not?

You’ll need • Flip chart paper • Post-its notes

Search for DZ01, DZ10 and DZ11 in the Digital Discover Zone to meet research scientists

Contribute to research by sharing your experience of this workshop This is part of a series of workshops given by Martin. Read about the motivation and outcomes in the published article here. We would like to compare and contrast questions created by participants for a case study on the Nature of Science in education. We would be grateful if you would contribute to this ongoing research by taking photos of your grids (with the questions clearly visible), and uploading them to this short form. Thank you! We will be in touch if this research is published.

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AGES 11+

Activity 1 Sneak in! Choose what pathogen you would like to be: a virus, a bacterium, or a parasite! How does your chosen pathogen sneak into a host? Unscramble the five ways that viruses, bacteria and parasites can enter their host to get your first ‘key’ to the immune system, then play the video to find out more.

Activity 2 Hide! Now you are inside your host, pathogens try to hide from the immune system to be able to replicate and survive. Uncover all the ways that your pathogen hides from your immune system to earn your second ‘key’, then play the video to find out more.

Activity 3 Evade! Can you spot all the differences between the images of your pathogen? Reveal the different ways your pathogen evades the immune response to earn your third and final ‘key’, then play the video to find out more.

SS27

The Great Immune Escape Age recommendation: 11+ Estimated duration: 45+ minutes This is a workshop, so assemble the necessary materials and prepare to get hands-on.

You’ll need • Virus, Bacterium and/or Pathogen activities on pages 36, 37 and 38, cut along the dotted lines • Immune system ‘keys’ on page 39, cut along the dotted lines

Combine science with adventure as you travel to the centre of the body’s immune response with Hannah Baer and UK FameLab alumna Hannah Bialic. Taking on the roles of viruses and bacteria, work in teams to solve puzzles and evade our human natural defences so you and your microbial friends can grow and multiply. Keep your eyes open throughout the journey and collect keys to unlock the full picture of the body’s complex and amazing immune system. @boldlygoing2 @hun95

Search for DZ61 in the Digital Discover Zone for more escape room-style activities 22

Search for DZ01 and DZ03 in the Digital Discover Zone to meet people working in healthcare

DigitAl DISCOVER ZONE Go to science.cheltenhamfestivals.online and click on Digital Discover Zone for lots of activities from our festival partners. You may wish to do these as lessons, or let your child delve in and choose something they are interested in. All activities can be filtered by age suitability and subject. Like all the schools events, the Digital Discover Zone will be available here from 13 May until 14 September 2021.

Get Creative

DZ30

Age recommendation: 5+ Get creative and discover the different industries that use some of our favourite products with a fun colouring activity. Then, use this as inspiration to design your own amazing product.

Build Your Own Bridge

DZ53

Age recommendation: 5+

Spaghetti DZ52 and Jelly Baby Towers: Building Challenge

CGI challenges you to work in groups to build a bridge that sits between two chairs, can hold 0.5kg and is at least one-metre-long! How will you design your bridge to be as strong as possible?

Age recommendation: 5+

Materials DZ50 Scavenger Hunt

CGI challenges you to work in groups to build the tallest free-standing tower that you can, using nothing but spaghetti and jelly babies. Our record is 143cm! Can you beat it?

Age recommendation: 5+ Materials are everywhere, but have you ever wondered what they are for? Take part in Discover Material’s scavenger hunt to uncover the different types of materials in your home or in your garden.

Get Thinking

DZ31

Age recommendation: 7+ Discover more about steam as a powerful heating method through a ‘steam trap maze’ and a ‘heating element challenge’.

Make Your DZ27 Own Coloured Spinner Age recommendation: 7+ Learn about light and colour as you make your own coloured spinner with engineer Caroline Alliston.

DigitAl DISCOVER ZONE

Make Your Own Balloon Buggy

DZ28

Age recommendation: 7+ Design, make and test your own balloon buggy while learning about forces, motion and energy storage with engineer Caroline Alliston.

DZ34 Epic Engineering: Saving Our Fish

Age recommendation: 7+ Become an epic engineer and help save the endangered twaite shad! Use your engineering and design skills to help fish get past obstacles in the river and continue on their way.

Citizen DZ33 Science: Counting Rare Fish Age recommendation: 7+ Help count shad and become a citizen science hero! Monitor the migration of these endangered fish along the River Severn and contribute to cutting edge conservation research. Can you get onto the leaderboard?

Make Your Own Brush Monster

DZ29

Age recommendation: 7+ Test your knowledge of electrical circuits as you design and make a vibrating monster with engineer Caroline Alliston.

Spy Murder Mystery

DZ38

Age recommendation: 7+ A body has been discovered surrounded by mathematical objects and only the hardworking maths teachers were in school... GCHQ challenges you to use your super maths logic to catch the murderer before it’s too late!

DZ54 The Phisherman

Age recommendation: 7+ Cyber crime is growing every day. Phishing is a way that criminals trick you into giving away sensitive information like usernames or passwords. In a series of mini-games, help protect the residents of our underwater village from The Phisherman’s attacks and learn about the importance of online safety.

DigitAl DISCOVER ZONE

DZ55 Code Cracking

Age recommendation: 7+

Code Breakers

DZ57

Age recommendation: 7+ Use the key to crack the codes! Can you solve them all?

GE’s Virtual Pavilion

Calling all special agents! In this interactive game you’ll learn about the exciting work of the code breaking team at Bletchley Park and discover how the Enigma machine turned messages into secret code. You can also try your hand at breaking and creating your own cipher codes!

DZ59

Age recommendation: 7+ GE’s Pavilion is a series of games and puzzles based on our technology, from cockpit controls and jet engines to wind farms and computer code.

GE’s Virtual Site Tours

DZ58

Age recommendation: 7+

DZ56 STEM Activity Booklet

From wind farms to turbines for nuclear power stations, discover how GE is helping to build a world that works.

Age recommendation: 7+

The Future Of Stuff

DZ60

Age recommendation: 7+

Colour in aircrafts, locate the cyber hacker and look for all the different jobs you could have at Northrop Grumman in the word search!

Get your thinking caps on as researchers from The Royal Society need your help to think about what these materials can do next.

DigitAl DISCOVER ZONE

Agent Y: DZ37 Break The Codes! Age recommendation: 11+ Practice your spying skills… use the silk code book that has been sewn into the lining of your jacket to decode secret messages from GCHQ.

Citizen DZ33 Science: Counting Rare Fish Age recommendation: 11+ Help count shad and become a citizen science hero! Monitor the migration of these endangered fish along the River Severn and contribute to cutting edge conservation research. Can you get onto the leaderboard?

From Sand DZ39 To Silicon: The Making Of A Microchip

Get Innovative

Age recommendation: 11+

What’s the secret behind some of our favourite electronic devices? Learn all about the tiny silicon chips that power the world.

How can we live a more sustainable life? Explore different ways to use everyday items through fun and interactive activities, including a ‘Crack and Code’ cryptography exercise.

DZ32

How Intel DZ40 Makes Chips: From Concept To Customer Age recommendation: 11+ Take a journey into the mechanics behind computer chips with Intel. Find out what chips are, why they are important and how they are made.

All About DZ43 Landing Gears Age recommendation: 11+ A strut isn’t just meant for the catwalk – discover what all the parts on an aeroplane landing do to make sure you land safely on holiday.

DigitAl DISCOVER ZONE Build Your Own Wind Tunnel iDEA badges

DZ41

Age recommendation: 11+ Sign up your class to complete badges with iDEA to get points and skills. Encourage some healthy competition and track their progress as they learn about AI in 4 different badges: All About AI: AI is a broad area of computer science that makes machines seem like they have human intelligence, but humans are the most intelligent creatures that we know…Find out what makes AI both exciting and concerning. Problem solving with AI: You could use AI to solve problems and make a positive impact within your community, city, country and the world. In this badge, explore ways to identify problems that could be solved with AI, and learn about how AI was used to solve the Kimchi Crisis in Korea! Maths Tools for AI: Have you ever wondered what enables robots to think like humans or how cars can drive themselves without human assistance? It’s not magic, it’s mathematics! Learn why maths is important for understanding AI and discover some of the basic maths tools used. AI Project Cycle: AI has great potential to transform society and you (yes, you!) can create an AI project of your own, but how do you get started? Learn about the 6 stages of the AI Project Cycle and discover techniques to acquire and visualise data.

DZ44

A Plane Idea

DZ46

Age recommendation: 11+

Ever wondered how a plane stays in the air? Build your very own wind tunnel and learn about the principles of aerodynamics.

You’re an engineer working for an environmental research company. You have been tasked with researching, designing and manufacturing a prototype glider. Are you ready for the challenge?

Touchdown! Landing Gear Quiz

DZ45

Age recommendation: 11+ Learn about the landing gears of a plane, then put your knowledge to the test!

Dancing DZ47 Quantum Magic Age recommendation: 11+ Can dancing help us understand quantum physics? Be part of this exciting experiment along with researchers from the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Leeds. Learn one or all of the dances, hit record and send us your clips to feature in a short film and help answer key research questions. Produced by Compass Presents

DigitAl DISCOVER ZONE Crack The Code

DZ61

Age recommendation: 11+ Use the clues to guess the 3-digit key and unlock the padlock. Good luck!

Reach For The Sky

Recycling DZ51 Scavenger Hunt

Age recommendation: 14+

Age recommendation: 11+ Lots of different materials are used in packaging, but is it all recyclable? Take part in Discover Material’s Recycling Scavenger Hunt to explore the packaging around your home and find out how much of it is recyclable.

DZ42

DZ35 and DZ36

Apprenticeships: Myths And Reality Age recommendation: 14+

Ever wondered what’s involved in an apprenticeship? Meet the biggest generator of zero carbon electricity and get your questions answered as EDF debunk the 5 most common myths.

Uncover the hidden secrets behind a Safran-powered aircraft – we promise you’ll never look at an airplane the same way again!

The DZ64 Bletchley Girls Age recommendation: 11+ Based on a true story, Jenny Wren Productions presents a new play about the Second World War’s most legendary female code breakers.

Technologies DZ62 To Change Lives Age recommendation: 11+ Watch bite-size videos, download “have a go” activity packs and discover why science and new technologies will change our lives and our future for good.

Digital Escape Room

DZ63

Age recommendation: 14+ The cybercriminal LYCus is determined to cause chaos across the nation. Try and stop him in this series of puzzles and see if you have what it takes to join the Protectors.

Cyber DZ48 Forensics Quiz Age recommendation: 14+ Have you heard of cyber forensics? Test your digital cyber forensics knowledge with an interactive quiz from the University of Gloucestershire.

#CheltSciFest

SO YOU WANT TO BE A…? We have curated a series of 26 short videos introducing the talented minds working in science, engineering and maths. While these are aimed at secondary school-aged pupils considering their careers, you may feel that these would be a useful conversation-starter in your younger children. Select the ‘Careers’ filter at the top of the Digital Discover Zone page to meet them all.

Wildlife

Technology Climate change

Maths

Gaming Computers

Aeroplanes

Medicine

Electricity

...and many more 29

AMAZING ILLUSIONS THAUMATROPE WORKSHEET PRINT ME

AMAZING ILLUSIONS BENHAM’S TOP WORKSHEET PRINT ME

WE’RE GOING ON A WATERBEAR HUNT

My Mysterious Moss Beast

A Sea of Plastic Workshop 2021

YEARS

6-PACK RINGS

YEARS

PLASTIC BAGS

SHAKESPEARE WAS A TODDLER

START OF THE LITTLE ICE AGE AND THE RIVER THAMES IN LONDON FREEZES OVER IN WINTER

COFFEE CUP

THE LIGHTBULB WAS INVENTED

YEARS

200

STRAWS

PLASTIC BOTTLES

PLASTIC TOOTHBRUSH

THE FILM HARRY POTTER AND THE PHILOSOPHER’S STONE WAS RELEASED

YEARS YEARS

30 20

COFFEE PODS

THE INTERNET WAS INVENTED

1907 Plastics were first invented

Final Thought: Think about how much the world has changed over this time, and how much the world will change over the next 500 years…but plastic we use today will still be around.

KING HENRY VIII WAS RULING BRITAIN

YEARS

500 450 400

PLASTIC CUPS

Plastics take a long time to decompose once they are made. To help understand just how long it takes, we want you to imagine how far in the past different plastics would have to be made to decompose by the year 2021! Draw lines to match the plastics up with circles on the timeline.

Activity Worksheet

PLASTIC TIMELINE WORKSHEET

SAVING HUMPTY DUMPTY WORKSHEET

Saving SavingHumpty HumptyDumpty Dumpty Our Team name is:is: OurMaterials MaterialsEngineering EngineeringDesign Design Team name Your YourDesign Design • Use the space below to draw your Egg Safety Device • Use the space below to draw your Egg Safety Device design and describe the materials you are going to use and design and describe the materials you are going to use and why you have chosen them. why you have chosen them. • Remember you do not need to use all of the materials • Remember do not to use all of the materials provided but youyou cannot get need any more materials (so do not provided but you cannot get any more materials (so do not start popping the bubble wrap!) start popping the bubble wrap!)

Your Build • Weigh your egg and write it in the space below • Now you will need to get an egg and build the design.

Calculate how heavy your Egg Safety Device is: Mass of egg:

grams

Mass of egg + Egg Safety Device:

grams

You now have the information to calculate how heavy your Egg Safety Device is (please ask your teacher if you do not know how to work it out) Mass of our Egg Safety Device is:

grams

Evaluation Did your egg survive? After the Eggsaminer has tested your egg it is important to evaluate your design. How do you think you could have improved your design? How easy it was to inspect the egg after it was dropped? Did you need more material? Do you think other materials could have worked better and, if so, which ones?

THE GREAT IMMUNE ESCAPE: BACTERIUM Activity 1: Sneak In! Unscramble the different ways you can sneak into your host.

1. ESEY 2. SLAAVI 3. OPPO 4. SNIK 5. TMHOU Activity 2: Hide! Uncover all the ways that bacteria hide from the immune system.

Sugar coat Phagocytosis Lipid T cell Unicellular Lymphocyte Cytokine Gram positive Gram negative Inflammation Activity 3: Evade! Spot how bacteria evade the immune response.

THE GREAT IMMUNE ESCAPE: VIRUS Activity 1: Sneak In! Unscramble the different ways you can sneak into your host.

1. ESEY 2. SLAAVI 3. OPPO 4. SNIK 5. TMHOU Activity 2: Hide! Uncover all the ways that bacteria hide from the immune system.

Epitope Inflammation Endocytosis Antigen Lytic cycle Viral coat Capsid Lysogenic cycle T cell

Activity 3: Evade! Spot how viruses evade the immune response.

THE GREAT IMMUNE ESCAPE: PARASITE Activity 1: Sneak In! Unscramble the different ways you can sneak into your host.

1. ESEY 2. SLAAVI 3. OPPO 4. SNIK 5. TMHOU Activity 2: Hide! Uncover all the ways that bacteria hide from the immune system.

Peptides Tissue Multicellular Epitope T cell Phagocytosis Macrophage Cytokine Inflammation Antigen Activity 3: Evade! Spot how parasites evade the immune response.

THE GREAT IMMUNE ESCAPE: KEYS You have unlocked your first key – IgM! IgM are commonly the first antibody that are produced when your immune system realises that something is wrong. Antibodies are molecules that circulate your body and stick to foreign material (like your pathogens) and tag them for destruction by immune cells. With your IgM key unlocked you have successfully snuck past the first stage of the immune response!

You have unlocked your second key – IgG!

IgG are the most common antibody (75%!) found in the human body and are responsible for defending against bacterial and viral infections. With your IgG key unlocked you have successfully hidden from 75% of the immune response as a very successful pathogen!

You have unlocked your third key – IgE!

IgE is another line of defence against parasitic, bacterial and viral infections if IgM and IgG don’t do their job! With your IgE key you have successfully evaded the immune response and have completed the Great Immune Escape!

SPACE SHUTTLE RE-ENTRY WORKSHEET Match the word to the definition

Hardness

The ability of a material to change form – particularly into a wire – without breaking

Shininess

Rate at which heat passes through a material

Ductility

The ability of a material to be pressed into a sheet without breaking

Malleability

How resistant a material is to permanent shape change when a force is applied

Thermal Conductivity

Rate at which electricity passes through a material

Electrical Conductivity

A material that is reflective of light

MAKE A BRAIN HAT

#CheltSciFest

YEAR-ROUND OPPORTUNITIES AT CHELTENHAM FESTIVALS As well as budding scientists, we inspire future readers, writers, musicians and music-lovers throughout the year. Look out for:

Literature for Schools Join us at The Times and The Sunday Times Cheltenham Literature Festival for a full schools’ programme of author and illustrator events from 8 – 15 October 2021, including our first ever Reading Teachers = Reading Pupils Conference. Then hold your own festival event in school from October – December with our digital pack of pre-recorded and live filmed events.

Reading Teachers = Reading Pupils

Concert for Schools

A network of book groups for key stage 2 and key stage 3 teachers which provides the ideas and inspiration to ignite children’s reading for pleasure. Booking opens in June for groups across the country.

No need to travel! This year’s concert, presented by the brilliant YolanDa Brown, will bring an exhilarating, inspirational and engaging experience of music right into classrooms all over the country. Supported by

In partnership with

The Reed Foundation

Beyond Words The creative writing programme for young people in Gloucestershire Hospital Education Service which gives young people a voice at a challenging time in their lives.

Write Now A unique talent development programme for 1619 year olds that aims to nurture young people’s creative writing abilities through mentoring and performance opportunities. Students can apply from June to take part in 2021-22.

Musicate As well as pairing your school with a young musician from the Royal Birmingham Conservatoire for an academic year this programme offers training and professional development for two teachers in order to enrich the curriculum and enhance learning.

Words That Burn A national human rights poetry project developed in partnership with Amnesty International which enables young people to discover that their words really do make a difference.

FameLab Academy A science communication competition for year 9 students which raises awareness of STEM in our everyday lives, broadens the perception of STEM careers, builds confidence and improves communication skills.

For further information on our programmes, visit cheltenhamfestivals.com/education/ or contact education@cheltenhamfestivals.com Charity No. 251765