SAMPLE SITE N. RICHARDS ST.
HEAT FARMER DIVISION 3: MULTI-SYSTEMIC THERMOELECTRIC GENERATION INVOLVES THE MANAGEMENT OF THE DIURNAL SYSTEMS, RESOURCES, WORKER ROLES, AND JOB DUTIES ASSOCIATED WITH APPLYING SEEBECK GENERATORS TO VARIOUS MATERIALS AND SYSTEMS TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY DIRECTLY FROM HEAT USING A SEMICONDUCTOR. IT ENCOMPASSES:
RAINBOW
1. MONITORING THOSE MATERIALS ON SITE WITH A HIGH SPECIFIC LATENT HEAT CAPACITY THAT CAN HOST A SIGNIFICANT TEMPERATURE GRADIENT USED TO GENERATE ENOUGH POWER FOR VARIOUS SYSTEMS, SPECIFICALLY MONITORING THE TEMPERATURE
AREA
TWO LARGE COMMERICAL LOTS IN WILLIAMSBURG HEIGHTS, MILWAUKEE
882,000 SQUARE FEET
N. HOLTON ST
HEAT FARMER DIVISION 3:
600’-0”
DOLLAR TREE
CAPITAL CENTRE SHOPPING CENTER
PHOENIX LOGISTICS OFFICE DEPOT
DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS ROSS DRESS FOR LESS
CAPITOL DRIVE CAPITOL DRIVE
CAPITOL DRIVE
CAPITOL DRIVE
1470’-0”
LIFE STORAGE RIVERWEST PLAZA
1470’-0”
TACO BELL
N. HOLTON ST
ABANDONED BUILDING
N. RICHARDS ST.
2. ENSURING THAT SYSTEMS INVOLVING MATERIALS WITH A HIGH-ENOUGH SPECIFIC LATENT HEAT TO HOST TEGS ARE PROPAGATED THROUGHOUT THE SITE WHENEVER POSSIBLE BY PROFESSIONALS ATTUNED TO THEIR SPECIFIC DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS, AND CAN BE USED DIURNALLY THE
SEMICONDUCTORS
ON
THE
AFOREMENTIONED
4. CONNECTING ANY EXCESS ELECTRICITY GENERATED FROM HEAT TO A CITY-WIDE GRID IN A NET-POSITIVE ENERGY SITUATION
GAMESTOP
RAINBOW
ELECTRIC VOLTAGE THAT A TEG CAN PRODUCE:
RTEG = N(ρALA/SA + ρBLB/SB + 2ρCLC/SC)
DELIVERED OUTPUT POWER OF A TEG: P = V2OUT RL/(RTEG + RL)2
MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER OF A TEG: PMAX = V2OUT/4RTEG
HOW SIGNIFICANT OF A TEMPERATURE GRADIENT SEMICONDUCTOR IS NEEDED TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY?
IN
THE
USING CAR MANUFACTURERS’ BUILT-IN TEG TECHNOLOGY AS PRECEDENTS: TABLE 4 SUMMARY OF THE FABRICATION PHASES FOR THE THERMOELECTRIC EXHAUST HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM DEVELOPED BY BSST FOR BMW AND FORD VEHICLES. PHASES
TYPES OF THERMOELEMENTS
NUMBER OF TCS
HEAT SOURCE
COLD SIDE
GENERATED POWER (W)
REFERENCE
PHASE 1 (2006)
FRACTIONAL LT-TEG: P AND N-TYPES BI2TE3, FULL-SCALE LT-TEG: P AND N-TYPES BI2TE3
2160 TCS (60 TEG MODULES) 10800 TCS (300 TEG MODULES)
PHX (FLUID): 200 DEGREES CELCIUS 5 PHX (FLUID): 210 DEGREES CELSIUS
COOLANT PUMP (WATER): -5 C 6 COOLANT PUMPS (WATER): 2.5 C
130
LAGRANDEUR ET. AL. (2006) AND CRANE ET. AL. (2009B)
FRACTIONAL MT-TEG: P-TAGS AND N-PBTE FRACTIONAL-MT-TEG: -LT: P AND N-BI2TE3 -MT: P-TAGS AND N-PBTE
4TCS
OIL HEAT EXCHANGER: 472 DEGREES CELCIUS OIL HEAT EXCHANGER: 500 DEGREES CELCIUS
LIQUID HEAT EXCHANGER: 33 C LIQUID HEAT EXCHANGER: 20 C
20
PHASE 2 (2007)
PHASE 3 (2008)
PHASE 4 (2011)
PHASE 5 (2012)
6TCS
SEGMENTED HT FLATTEG: -LT: P AND N-BI2TE3 -MT AND HT: HALF-HEUSLER ALLOY (ZR. HF) LT CYLINDRICAL TEG: P AND N-BI2TE3 MT-SEGMENTED CYLINDRICAL TEG: -LT: P AND N-BI2TE3 -MT: HALF-HEUSLER ALLOY (ZR. HF)
500
CRANE ET. AL. (2009A)
ELECTRIC CARTRIDGE HEATER: 600 DEGREES CELCIUS
LIQUID COLD PLATE: 25 C
125
GAS HEAT EXCHANGER: 435 CELCIUS, GAS HEAT EXCHANGER: 620 CELSIUS
LIQUID HEAT EXCHANGER 20 C
205
CRANE AND LAGRANDEUR (2010)
CRANE ET. AL. (2012)
LIQUID HEAT EXCHANGER 20 C
-712 (IN TEST BENCH)
SOLAR COOKERS @ 400°F (DAYTIME & CDD ONLY) WASTE HEAT FROM TIMBER PROCESSING PLANTS, TRAINS, & BUSES @ 500°F AVG (WEATHER INDEPENDENT) HOT COMPOST FROM FOOD RECYCLING @ 300°F (WEATHER INDEPENDENT)
DOES TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE IN THE TEMPERATURE GRADIENT OF THE SEMICONDUCTOR IMPACT THE TOTAL WATTAGE THE TEG PRODUCES? THE AMOUNT OF WATTAGE A TEG PRODUCES INCREASES PROPORTIONATELY WITH THE NUMBER OF THERMOCOUPLES IT CONTAINS, SO SIZE OF THE TEG IS LIKELY A DIRECT CONTRIBUTOR TO WATTAGE OUTPUT. THAT SAID, THE TWO CAR TEG PRECEDENTS THAT PRODUCED THE MOST POWER – 500W AND 600W – HAD TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS ON THE LOW END OF SAMPLES OF 207.5°C AND THE HIGH END OF SAMPLES OF 600°C, RESPECTIVELY. THEREFORE, RESULTS LARGELY DEPEND ON THE SOPHISTICATION OF THE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM AND “SMART” SUBSTRATES USED, RATHER THAN THE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE IN THE GRADIENT ALONE. BECAUSE
ALL THREE ON-SITE HEAT HARVESTING OPTIONS FOR TEGS GENERATE TEMPERATURES UNDER 600°C/1112°F, I WILL ASSUME FOR THE PURPOSES OF THIS PROJECT THAT EACH SYSTEM IS CAPABLE OF GENERATING UP TO 500W WHEN CONNECTED TO A TEG AT A MINIMUM SURFACE AREA OF 90 SQ FT. HOW LARGE DOES THE TEG NEED TO BE TO GENERATE POWER IN USEFUL QUANTITIES?
“USEFUL” POWER QUANTITY REFERENCE 1:
HOW MUCH POWER IT TAKES TO POWER AN AVERAGE US HOME:
AVERAGE: 1 TEG @ 90 SQ FT:17 HOMES
A 90 SQ FT THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR AT PEAK PERFORMANCE CAN POWER ON AVERAGE 500W/276 = 1.8 CARBON COLLECTORS.
AVERAGE: 1 TEG @ 90 SQ FT:1.8 CARBON COLLECTORS
SUBSTRATE
FOR 2-3 HOURS PER DAY AT 120 °F: BRICK MASONRY: 152°F AT 120 °F WEATHER CONCRETE: 144°F AT 120 °F WEATHER ASPHALT: 166°F AT 120 °F WEATHER SAND: 143°F AT 120 °F WEATHER ROCK: 170°F AT 120 °F WEATHER METAL: 144°F AT 120 °F WEATHER
IN GRADIENT
DENSITY (KG/M^3)
ASPHALT
1000
2100
BRICK
850
3100
CONCRETE
900
2300
SAND
900
1515
ROCK
950
1600
METAL
500
7800
POLY-SIGE
SURFACE MICROMACHINING (WITH LPCVD TCS DEPOSITION)
2350-4700
0.35 UM CMOS PROCESS (WITH CVD TCS DEPOSITION)
33
0.35 UM CMOS PROCESS (WITH CVD TCS DEPOSITION)
24
0.12
N-TYPE POLY-SI/AU
MONOLITHIC CMOS PROCESS (WITH LPCVD TCS DEPOSITION)
560
1
N AND P TYPES POLY-SI
CMOS-UMC 0.13UM 1P8M PROCESS
273870
0.019
0.004 X 0.00016 2.34
AG/NI
NEEDLE + COMPRESSED AIR
18
1.75
5.49
PLANAR SI
MIXED
VERTICAL
N AND P TYPES POLY-SI
TIME TO BASELINE TEMP (H)
MAX SURFACE TEMP (F)
TIME TO MAX TEMP (H)
TIME PERIOD AT MAX TEMP (H)
TIME TO BASELINE TEMP (H)
SHADE
SUNLIGHT ASPHALT
166
14
2:00-4:00 PM
10
108
15
3:00-5:00 PM
7
BRICK
152
14
2:00-4:00 PM
11
107
15
3:00-5:00 PM
6
CONCRETE 144
14
2:00-4:00 PM
9
105
14
2:00-4:00 PM
7
11
10
104
106
14
15
2:00-4:00 PM
3:00-5:00 PM
PDAG/TSG PLANAR
AG/WSG
AG/NI
-SCREEN PRINTING -MAGNETRON SPUTTERING
35
-SCREEN PRINTING
450
-SCREEN PRINTING
90
0.003
0.64
50
0.005 X 0.0003
0.008 X 0.0002
13
1:00-4:00 PM
REVIEW OF HOW HOT DOES COMPOST GET? [AND CAN IT GET TOO HOT]. 2023. GARDENTABS.COM. MAY 25, 2023. HTTPS://GARDENTABS.COM/HOW-HOT-DOES-COMPOST-GET/. DAVIES, G.F., G.G. MAIDMENT, W. DENNIS, AND A. AJILEYE. 2017. REVIEW OF COOLING AND RECOVERY OF HEAT FROM UNDERGROUND RAILWAY TUNNELS FOR DISTRICT HEATING. OPENRESEARCH.LSBU.AC.UK. CIBSE ASHRAE TECHNICAL SYMPOSIUM, LOUGHBOROUGH, UK. APRIL 5, 2017. HTTPS://OPENRESEARCH.LSBU.AC.UK/DOWNLOAD/4DAEE26BD1D0A541E36B6D0BB1709C5E68854FAD396492CA0 CD56CD459EBC6C7/701695/COOLING%20AND%20RECOVERY%20OF%20HEAT%20FROM%20UNDERGROUND%20RAILWAY %20TUNNELS.PDF#:~:TEXT=THE%20RECOVERED%20WASTE%20HEAT%20WILL%20BE%20TRANSPORTED%20AS,TYPIC ALLY%20BETWEEN%205%C2%B0C%20AND%2020%C2%B0C%20DURING%20THE%20YEAR.. PAPAPETROU, MICHAEL, GEORGE KOSMADAKIS, ANDREA CIPOLLINA, UMBERTO LA COMMARE, AND GIORGIO MICALE. 2018. REVIEW OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE HEAT: ESTIMATION OF THE TECHNICALLY AVAILABLE RESOURCE IN THE EU PER INDUSTRIAL SECTOR, TEMPERATURE LEVEL AND COUNTRY. APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING 138: 207–16. HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.1016/J.APPLTHERMALENG.2018.04.043. HOLMES, MEGHAN. 2022. REVIEW OF SOLAR OVENS: WHAT WWW.TREEHUGGER.COM. OCTOBER HTTPS://WWW.TREEHUGGER.COM/WHAT-ARE-SOLAR-OVENS-5088602.
ARE
THEY? 25,
HOW
DO
THEY
WORK? 2022.
MA, MICHELLE. 2022. REVIEW OF DIRECT AIR CAPTURE’S HIDDEN ENERGY COST. WWW.PROTOCOL.COM. PROTOCOL. OCTOBER 21, 2022. HTTPS://WWW.PROTOCOL.COM/BULLETINS/DIRECT-AIR-CAPTURE-ENERGY-USE.
THREE OPTIONS FOR HEAT ON SITE <600°C/1112°F AND >148°C/300°F
ALLEN, SAMANTHA, AND BAILEY BENNINGFIELD. 2022. REVIEW OF HOW MANY WATTS DOES IT TAKE TO RUN A HOUSE? WWW.FORBES.COM. FORBES. SEPTEMBER 26, 2022. HTTPS://WWW.FORBES.COM/HOME-IMPROVEMENT/HOME/HOW-MANY-WATTS-RUN-HOUSE/#:~:TEXT=ACCORDING%2 0TO%20DATA%20FROM%202020%2C%20THE%20AVERAGE%20AMOUNT,RESIDENTIAL%20UTILITIES%20CUSTOMER%20 USES%20893%20KWH%20PER%20MONTH..
DIRECTLY ACCOMPLISHES HEAT FARMER GOAL
FLEXIBLE PROPAGATION WEATHER DEPENDENT
SOL
AR
COO
KER
S @
W E A T H E R INDEPENDENT
F I X E D , CENTRALIZED LOCATION
DIRECTLY ACCOMPLISHES HEAT FARMER GOAL
W E A T H E R INDEPENDENT
FLEXIBLE PROPAGATION INDIRECT CONTRIBUTER TO GOAL; USED TO OFFSET SOLAR COOKERS
400
°F
ER IMB M T AND O R T F NT SIT HEA PLA RAN TE SSING LIC T°F AVG S A W OCE PUB 500 PR ARBY S @ NE ATION ST
INSTALLING TEGS +
JOB: DESIGNING AESTHETICALLY PLEASING AND FUNCTIONAL CLADDING WITH SOLAR COOKER M O D U L E S , OVERSEEING DEPLOYMENT
JOB: PROCESSING TIMBER FOR BUILDING MATERIALS
STANDARD 4 FT X 4 FT SOLAR COOKER BUT AS A 90 SQ FT MODULE
A 100,000 SQ FT TIMBER PROCESSING PLANT CAN HOST 1111 90 SQ FT TEGS
90 SQ FT MODULE OF HOT COMPOST AS A TRADITIONAL OUTDOOR PILE FOR INDIVIDUAL OR INDUSTRIAL USE
90 SQ FT SOLAR COOKER MODULE AS CLADDING
90 SQ FT SOLAR COOKER MODULE AS COOKING SURFACE
9
108
14
2:00-4:00 PM
7
14.1
17
OTHER SOURCES FOR SAME INFO FOR OTHER MATERIALS: RAMMED EARTH/GRASS: 95°F AT 120 °F WEATHER HOT COMPOST: 300°F (WEATHER INDEPENDENT) WASTE HEAT FROM UNDERGROUND RAILWAY TUNNELS: 82°F (WEATHER INDEPENDENT) WASTE HEAT FROM TIMBER PROCESSING PLANTS, TRAINS, & BUSES: 300 - 700°F (WEATHER INDEPENDENT) SOLAR COOKERS (STANDARD MODULE OF 4 SQ FT): 400°F (DAYTIME ONLY)
0.55 9.4
2013 (YANG ET. AL. 2013)
31.5
4.1
2017 (ZIOUCHE ET. AL. 2017)
4.2
4.8
0.8
100
660
5.6
100
700
19.6
0.13 X 0.005 0.13 X 0.009
135
450
130
193
0.315 X 0.028 0.3 X 0.012
85
353
460
57
2014 (MARKOWSI 2014)
PL
PLANAR
SB2TE3/BI2TE2.7SE 0.3
-SCREEN PRINTING
150
5.5
BI0.5SB1.5 TE3
PIPETTE + PLATE [RESSING
10
0.2
15.07
35
8.3
10
2019 (ZHAO ET. AL. 2019)
STENCIL PRINTING
32
0.5
6.9
3
3
0.5
2019 (ELMOUGHNI ET. AL. 2019)
BI2SE0.3TE 2.7 PEDOT:PSS/NA (NIETT)
2.2E3 150
A 45,000 SQ FT LOCAL TRAIN STATION CAN HOST 500 90 SQ FT TEGS
JOB: COOKING ON STOVES
JOB: MONITORING TEMPERATURE AT SURFACE CONTACT OF TRAIN AND BUS EQUIPMENT INSTALLING TEGS +
2019 (YUAN ET. AL. 2019)
BASED ON THIS TABLE, CERAMIC IS THE MOST EFFICIENT HEAT CONDUCTOR TO BE USED AS A SUBSTRATE FOR TEGS
INSTALLING TEGS +
INSTALLING TEGS +
JOB: MAKING BIOCHAR ON STOVES
2017 (GIERCZAK ET. AL. 2017)
27
FABRIC
90 SQ FT MODULE OF HOT COMPOST AS A FLOOR SLAB
2016 (MARKOWSI 2016)
16
VERTICAL
90 SQ FT MODULE OF HOT COMPOST AS A WALL SLAB
2009 (MARKOWSI ET. AL. 2009)
-SCREEN PRINTING -MAGNETRON SPUTTERING
POLYMER
FT SOLAR MODULE AS PRODUCTION
2008 (MARKOWSKI AND DWIEDZIC 2008)
AG/CU-NI ALLOY
45
INSTALLING TEGS +
9.25 2018 (SAWIRES ET. AL. 2018)
0.2 X 0.01 0.2 X 0.003 0.2 X 0.02 0.2 X 0.003
0.15 X 0.0155 0.15 X 0.012
90 SQ COOKER BIOCHAR NODES
0.067 4.8E-7 2010 (KAO ET. AL. 2010)
PLANAR
TRACKING AND ALLOCATING BIOCHAR TO GREENHOUSES
JOB: MONITORING AND SUPPLYING/FEEDING COMPOST
INSTALLING TEGS +
JOB: MONITORING TEMPERATURE AND FIXING & ASSEMBLING FLOORS
JOB: MONITORING TEMPERATURE AND FIXING PH OF COMPOST IN WALL, MAINTENANCING WALL
INSTALLING TEGS +
JOB: MONITORING AND SUPPLYING/FEEDING COMPOST
B) HEAT SOURCE
HEAT SOURCE CERAMIC
CERAMIC
COPPER
COPPER P1
N1
P2
N2
COPPER
COPPER
N
P
7
0.0003 2009 (WANG ET. AL. 2009)
15
18
COPPER
COPPER CERAMIC
144
1
150
ALUMINA (96% AL2O3)
8
6
TCS LENGTHS (MM)
LTCC
PAPER
METAL
ONE TEG @ 90 SQ FT GENERATES 500 WATTS OF POWER WHEN HEAT SOURCE IS <600°C/1112°F AND >148°C/300°F
MAX ∆T VTEG PTEG YEAR & REF (K) (MV) (UV)
SI + THIN VERTICAL PCB LAYER
AG/PDAG
SUMMARY OF MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE READINGS FOR SUNLIGHT AND SHADED MATERIALS AND TIMES TO RETURN TO BASELINE TEMPERATURE
TCS AREA (MM^2)
TECHNIQUES
SPECIFIC HEAT AND DENSITY PROPERTIES OF ALL TESTED MATERIALS MATERIAL PROPERTIES SPECIFIC HEAT MATERIAL (J/KGK)
OF TCS
TC MATERIALS
SILICON
CERAMIC
#
TEG TYPE
TABLE 2.
1:00-4:00 PM
REVIEW OF THE HEAT IS ON: HOW HOT COMMON OUTDOOR SURFACES CAN GET IN THE SUMMER SUN. N.D. WWW.WHAS11.COM. ACCESSED FEBRUARY 21, 2024. HTTPS://WWW.WHAS11.COM/ARTICLE/WEATHER/STORM-TEAM-BLOG/THE-HEAT-IS-ON-HOW-HOT-COMMON-OUTDO OR-SURFACES-CAN-GET-IN-THE-SUMMER-SUN/417-FC5C9290-7CE9-4498-A7AB-5CFC433F999F.
HOT COMPOST @ 300°F
A 90 SQ FT THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR AT PEAK PERFORMANCE CAN POWER ON AVERAGE 500W/29.36 = 17 STANDARD HOMES.
TABLE 1.
13
CHESTOVICH PJ, SAROUKHANOFF RZ, MOUJAES SF, FLORES CE, CARROLL JT, SAQUIB SF. TEMPERATURE PROFILES OF SUNLIGHT-EXPOSED SURFACES IN A DESERT CLIMATE: DETERMINING THE RISK FOR PAVEMENT BURNS. J BURN CARE RES. 2023 MAR 2;44(2):438-445. DOI: 10.1093/JBCR/IRAC136. PMID: 36161490; PMCID: PMC10211493.
TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF TEGS STRUCTURES, TYPES AND OUTPUT PARAMETERS BASED ON DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES/SUBSTRATES.
A STUDY CONDUCTED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, LAS VEGAS (UNLV) TOOK COMPREHENSIVE MEASUREMENTS TO MEASURE THE RISK OF BURN WHEN MAKING DIRECT CONTACT WITH THESE MATERIALS, MEASURING THEIR SURFACE TEMPERATURES AT 120 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT – SIMILAR TO WHAT PEAK TEMPERATURES IN MILWAUKEE MAY LOOK LIKE IN 2075.
170
90 SQ FT IS THE SIZE OF A STANDARD CAR, FOR REFERENCE
“USEFUL” POWER QUANTITY REFERENCE 2:
WHICH MATERIALS AND THEIR JUXTAPOSITIONS CAN GENERATE ENOUGH HEAT TO ALLOW A SIGNIFICANT-ENOUGH HEAT GRADIENT TO TAKE PLACE VIA A SEMICONDUCTOR?
ROCK
FULL BIBLIOGRAPHY:
ZHANG, XIAO, AND LI-DONG ZHAO. 2015. REVIEW OF THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS: ENERGY CONVERSION BETWEEN HEAT AND ELECTRICITY. JOURNAL OF MATERIOMICS 1 (2): 92–105. HTTPS://WWW.SCIENCEDIRECT.COM/SCIENCE/ARTICLE/PII/S2352847815000258.
10,715 KWH/YEAR 10,715/12 = 893 KWH/MONTH 10,715/365 = 29.36 KWH/DAY
SOURCE)
1:00-4:00 PM
600’-0”
REVIEW OF CAR LENGTH AND WIDTH MEASURED IN FEET (11 EXAMPLES). 2021. MEASURINGSTUFF.COM. SEPTEMBER 27, 2021. HTTPS://MEASURINGSTUFF.COM/CAR-LENGTH-AND-WIDTH-MEASURED-IN-FEET/.
WORKABLE OPTIONS FOR HEAT SOURCES FOR TEGS ON SITE:
MINIMUM TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HEAT SOURCE AND HEAT SINK FOR TEG PRECEDENTS: 205°C/401°F (300°F-700°F IS THE KNOWN TEG REQUIREMENT FOR THE HEAT
13
DAIRYLAND BUSES
WHAT WOULD BE THE MOST IDEAL SUBSTRATE TO BE USED AS A SEMICONDUCTOR IN THIS PROJECT?
205 + 207.5 + 439 + 480 + 575 + 415 + 600 = 2921.5 2921.5/7 = 417.35°C AVERAGE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE
143
VALENT’S
E. ABERT PL.
ANALYSIS:
200°C - -5°C = 205°C 210°C – 2.5°C = 207.5°C 472°C - 33°C = 439°C 500°C - 20°C = 480°C 600°C - 25°C = 575°C 435°C - 20°C = 415°C 620°C - 20°C = 600°C
SAND
D & D’S LOUNGE
CRANE ET. AL. (2013)
-600 (IN REAL VEHICLE)
TIME TO PERIOD AT MAX TEMP (H)
LEGENDS TOWING
PRECEDENT):
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HEAT SOURCE AND HEAT SINK FOR TEG PRECEDENTS:
TIME TO MAX TEMP (H)
WALMART SUPERCENTER
276 KWH TO POWER ONE CARBON COLLECTOR/DAY
BY INDUCTIVE REASONING, ALL OF THESE SYSTEMS ARE THE SIZE OF A STANDARD CAR OR SMALLER: 15 FT X 6 FT = 90 SQ FT (FOOTPRINT)
MATERIAL MAX SURFACE TEMP (F)
STRONG MICROBIALS INC
HOW MUCH POWER IT TAKES TO POWER A CARBON COLLECTOR (CLIMEWORKS
608
MT-SEGMENTED CYLINDRICAL TEG: -LT: P AND N-BI2TE3 -MT: HALF-HEUSLER ALLOY (ZR. HF)
BAREFOOT ITNL & FLY HIGH MFG
N. HOLTON ST
1. THERE WILL BE SO MUCH EXCESS HEAT IN THE ATMOSPHERE IN 2075 THAT HARVESTING HEAT IN A WAY THAT ADDS TO THE GROSS AMOUNT OF HEAT IN THE ATMOSPHERE WILL MAKE THE CENTRAL ISSUE WORSE 2. IT IS NOT AT ALL SPACE-EFFICIENT FOR THE SAMPLE DEPLOYMENT SITE OR THE PRINCIPLE OF BIOGENIC HEAT COLONIES ON ABANDONED LOTS
VOUT = NαAB∆T
THE INTERNAL RESISTANCE PRODUCED BY THE THERMOCOUPLES INSIDE THE TEG AS THE COUNTERFORCE TO THE VOLTAGE IT PRODUCES:
ONE TEG @ 90 SQ FT & 500W CAN POWER 1.8 CARBON COLLECTORS ( C L I M E W O R K S PRECEDENT)
ANTHONY’S AUTO GARAGE
DEEP, MASSIVE GEOTHERMAL HOLES ARE NOT A VIABLE OPTION FOR THIS PROJECT FOR HEAT HARVESTING FOR TWO REASONS:
N. RICHARDS ST.
WHILE DIRECT AIR CAPTURE OF CO2 HELPS TO LOWER THE AMOUNT OF HEAT IN THE AIR OVER TIME, THE AMOUNT OF CARBON COLLECTORS ON SITE WILL NOT MAKE A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN THE HEAT IN THE WORLD’S ATMOSPHERE IN THE SHORT-TERM. THUS, THERE WILL STILL BE A SIGNIFICANT – AND DANGEROUS – AMOUNT OF HEAT IN THE AIR AVAILABLE TO BE REDIRECTED INTO SAFE FUNCTIONS. WHILE SOME HEAT CAN BE RETAINED IN SMALLER FILTERED AMOUNTS FOR HEAT’S SAKE AND ACTUALLY BENEFIT OUR WELLNESS, THE MAJORITY OF IT CAN BE CHANNELED INTO CONVERSION TO ELECTRICITY, WHICH WILL HAVE BROADER-REACHING BENEFITS IN TERMS OF POWERING SYSTEMS SUCH AS HEATING/COOLING, PLUMBING, CARBON CAPTURE, HEAT RECOVERY VENTILATION, PUBLIC TRANSIT, AND LIGHTING.
ONE TEG @ 90 SQ FT & 500W CAN POWER 17 STANDARD US HOMES
AUMOR TRUCK WASH
NOTE ON AVOIDING DEEP GEOTHERMAL ENERGY: WHY IS IT RELEVANT?
UHAUL
THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR, CERAMIC SUBSTRATE
OF
N. HOLTON ST
3. INSTALLATION MATERIALS & SYSTEMS
N. RICHARDS ST.
CITGO PNC BANK
HEAT SINK
INSTALLING TEGS +
CERAMIC
HEAT SINK
LOAD
JOB: MONITORING AND SUPPLYING/FEEDING COMPOST
LOAD
FIG 6. THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS ARRANGEMENTS FOR (A) CONVENTIONAL THERMOCOUPLE, (B) SEGMENTED THERMOCOUPLE (SHU ET. AL. 2018).
THE SEGMENTED THERMOCOUPLE IS GENERALLY PREFERRED, AS THE OUTPUT WATTAGE INCREASES PROPORTIONALLY TO THE NUMBER OF THERMOCOUPLES USED IN THE TEG.
HEAT FARMERS DIVISION 3 HEAT TRANSFORMATION