Traditionally, people living in mountain areas have used migration as a strategy to diversify their livelihoods and respond to environmental, economic, and social pressure. The last decades have seen substantial changes to the patterns and dynamics of mountain people’s mobility. This publication provides insights into migration processes from and to mountain regions. Case studies from around the world explore positive and negative implications for mountain societies and ecosystems. Based on good practices, the publications proposes fields of action for turning migration challenges into opportunities.