The Times-Picayune 04-05-2026

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PRESERVING A LEGACY OF FAITH

With $45million in privatefunding,a long-overdue restorationof St.Louis Cathedralwillstart this summer.The work will take years.

BY BOBWARREN Staff writer

Kevin Morris knows St. Louis Cathedral like few other people

Carefully ascendingits creaky wooden stairs, climbing through tight doorways and navigating narrowcatwalks as if by rote, Morris points out termite damage here, water damage there, and numerous signs of decay at points in between Morris, president of Holly &Smith Architects and the chief architect of an ambitious and expensivecathedralrestoration project that will begin this summer andlikely last the rest of this decade, has spent countless hours poringover olddrawings and peering into the building’smany dark corners.

He knowsthe place like adoctor mightknow alongtimepatient and he knows thatthe grandeur of St Louis Cathedral that people see from the outside doesn’talways match what is revealed on theinside

“People are blown away by the beautyofit, the historic aspect of it, its significance,” he said.“But Idon’t think that the general public knows how much deterioration is going on.”

Thecathedral has withstood di-

sasters, war, pandemicsand even a bomb blast.Churches on the Jackson Square site in New Orleans’ French Quarter have been destroyedand rebuilt overathree-century history

Thecurrent structure, whichdatesto 1851, is easily the most famous landmark in one of theworld’s most famous neighborhoods. And it’sshow-

ing its age.

TheArchdioceseofNew Orleans is expected to soon announce details of theextensive work that will cost an estimated $45 million, allpaid through donationsbeing raised in a private campaign called “OurCity

ä See avideoinsidethe cathedral’srestoration GOTO NOLA.COM

ä See detailsofthe plan and atimeline. PAGE 9A

BY ALEXLUBBEN Staff writer

Thenumberofabandonedoil andgas wells in Louisiana hassurgedoverthe past year despite efforts to address the problem,reaching arecord high andplacing aheavy financial burden on the state to plug them.

The recent increase follows atrend that has been building for years, partly due to industry fluctuations and shiftingregulations, officials say.More than 2,100 wells have been officially labeled as “orphaned” sincethe start of 2025, leaving the state with nearly 6,500intotal, according to the Louisiana Department of Conservation and Energy High well-plugging costs, compoundedbydecades of laxregulatory requirements, have created the dilemmaLouisiana now faces. The state recently strengthenedrules on well owners and created anew authority to oversee howcompanies meet their financial obligations, but there are questions over whether those changes will be enough.

Many wells on the orphaned list were drilled decades ago and risk blowing out if they are not plugged. That’swhat happened to an inactive, though not yet orphaned, 82-year-old wellin Plaquemines Parish last year

BY ELYSE CARMOSINO Staff writer

ä See CATHEDRAL, page 8A

James Gray was allsmiles when he poppedintoa first gradeclassroom at thestart of theschool year to dole outhigh-fives, crack jokesand query studentsabout what they werelearning. If the JeffersonParish schools superintendent seemed more at ease this first day of school than in years past, it’s no wonder.InAugust 2020,justa monthafterGray took over the state’slargest school districtduring the throes of the COVID-19pandemic, JeffersonParish classrooms reopened while New Orleans’ remained closed,upsetting many teachers andleading thousands of familiestoopt forremote learning

The followingyear,Hurricane Ida upendedbackto-school season when it blew theroofs offseveral school buildings and flooded others, damaging a third of the district’scampuses and destroying three schools.

See GRAY,

Crews

BRIEFS FROM WIRE REPORTS

worktocontain

California wildfire

RIVERSIDE, Calif. Crews made progress Saturday battling a smoky wildfire in southern California that broke out aday earlier and prompted mandatory evacuations.

Encompassing roughly 6.3 square miles in Riverside County, about 64 miles east of LosAngeles, the SpringsFire was at least 45%contained on Saturday,a fire department spokespersonsaid. It was25% contained on Friday.

While gusts up to 45 mph were predicted Saturday,Terra Fernandez, public safety information specialist for the Riverside County Fire Department,said winds had “dissipated abit”since Friday,helping the efforts of fire crews.

“We’re feeling confident. The winds have died down so it’sassisting us in making more progress,” she said. Fernandez also credited efforts to build and strengthen containmentlines around the fire perimeter

“Wehave natural equestrian trails around wherealot of the structures are and so that helps our firefighters make access.”she said. “And the humidity increasing this evening will also help.”

So far,nostructures have been damaged or destroyed, Fernandez said.

Crews began early Saturday dropping water and retardant all around the fire by air.About 260 personnel are battling theblaze, including crews from around theregion who are building and strengthening the containment lines and laying hose, she said.

Less than adozen zones in the county remained undermandatory evacuation orders, while evacuation warnings in other parts of the county were lifted. It was not immediately knownhow many households were affected by the orders.

The fire is located in apopulated unincorporated part of Riverside County that’s arecreational area near the city of Moreno Valley,which hasapopulation of roughly 200,000.

3tostay in custodyover Jewish ambulancearson

LONDON Twoyoung men and aboy were ordered Saturday to remain in custodyafter appearing in court on arson charges in the torching of four ambulances owned by aJewish charityin London.

The March 23 blaze in Golders Green, anorth London neighborhood with alarge Jewish population, destroyed four ambulances belonging to the volunteer organization Hatzola Northwest, which provides emergency care in the area. Oxygen cylinders in thevehiclesexploded, breaking windows in an adjacent apartment block.

British men Hamza Iqbal, 20,and Rehan Khan, 19, and a 17-year-old of dual British-Pakistani nationality,all from east London, were charged Friday with arson and beingrecklessas to whether life would be endangered. The younger man cannot be named for legal reasons because he is under 18 and will be held in ayouth detention center

The suspects did notenter pleas at the 45-minute hearing at Westminster MagistratesCourt on Saturday.The court also heard that afourth suspect was arrested in connection with the fire. Counterterror police are investigating the fire as an antisemitic hate crime. They were looking into aclaim of responsibility by a group with potential links to Iran, but have not declared it anact of terrorism.

Officials: 5killed in fire at Bangladesh factory

DHAKA, Bangladesh Afire broke out at afactory manufacturing gaslightersnear Bangladesh‘s capital on Saturday afternoon, leaving at leastfive people dead, authorities said.

The blaze broke outinthe Kadamtali area of Keraniganj near Dhaka, according to the fire service and civil defense.

Seven firefighting units were deployed to extinguish the blaze, which startedinthe afternoon, the fire department said. It took several hours to bring it under control.

Trumpwarns Iran to open strait

Presidentgives 48-hourdeadline; search continues formissing pilot

BY SAM MEDNICK, SAMY MAGDY and JON GAMBRELL Associated Press

TEL AVIV,Israel President DonaldTrump warned Iran to open thecrucial Strait of Hormuz by hisMonday deadline andTehran called histhreat“unbalanced and foolish.”The search for amissing U.S. military pilotcontinued Saturday in a remotepart of the Islamic Republic

The Pentagon notified the U.S. House Armed Services Committee that the status of asecond service member wasn’tknown. Trump toldNBC News that what happened wouldn’taffect negotiations with Iran.

Asecond U.S. Air Force combat aircraftwentdown in the Middle East on Friday,according to aU.S. official, who spoke on condition of anonymitytodiscuss a sensitive military situation. It wasn’tclear if the aircraft crashedorwas shot down, or whether Iran was involved.

Iranian state media said aU.S.A-10attack aircraft crashed in the Persian Gulf after being struck by Iran’s defense forces.

Firefighters recovered five bodies by the evening and they couldn’timmediately be identified.

Trump has called Tehran “beaten andcompletely decimated“ in the war, now in its sixthweek, but thedowningoftwo U.S. warplanes on Friday and Iran’s calltofind the“enemy pilot” have again raisedthe stakes

hit,civiliantargets, bringingwarningsofpossible war crimes

“Thedoorsofhell will be opened to you” if Iran’s infrastructure is attacked, Gen. Ali Abdollahi Aliabadi with thecountry’sjoint military command said late Saturday in response to Trump’srenewed threat, state media reported. In turn,the general threatened all infrastructure used by the U.S. military in the region.

The war began with joint U.S.-Israel strikes on Feb. 28 andhas killedthousands, shakenglobal markets, cut off key shipping routes and spiked fuel prices. Both sides have threatened, and

“Wewillcontinue to crush them,” Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said, and confirmedthat Israel’smilitary struck a petrochemical complex in Mahshahr thathesaid helps to fund thewar.Five people were killed and 170 injured, Iranian state media reported, citing aprovincial securityofficial.

The Atomic Energy Organization of Iran said that an airstrike hit near its Bushehr nuclear facility,killing a security guard anddamaging asupport building. The head of Russia’sstate nuclear corporation,Rosatom, saidthat198 workers were being evacuated. It was the fourth timethe facilitywas targeted.

Hopesfor talks

Pakistan’sForeign Ministry spokesperson, Tahir Andrabi, told TheAssociated Press thathis govern-

ment’s efforts to broker aceasefire are “right on track” after Islamabad last weeksaid that it would soon host talks between the U.S. and Iran.

Iran’s foreignminister, Abbas Araghchi, saidthat Iranian officials“have never refusedtogotoIslamabad.”

Mediators from Pakistan, Turkeyand Egypt were workingtobring theU.S and Iran to the negotiating table, according to two regional officials.

Theproposed compromiseincludes acessation of hostilities to allow adiplomatic settlement, according to aregional official involved in the efforts and aGulf diplomat briefed on thematter.Theyspoke on conditionofanonymity to discuss closed-door diplomacy

Trump reminded Iran of his deadline in asocial mediapost: “Rememberwhen I gave Iranten days to MAKE ADEAL or OPEN UP THE

HORMUZ STRAIT.Time is running out —48hours before allHellwill reign down on them.”

Amissing U.S. pilot

The U.S. warplane, identified by Iran as aF-15E Strike Eagle, was one of twoattacked on Friday Iran’sjoint military command on Saturday said that it also struck two U.S. Black Hawkhelicopters, but the AP couldn’t independently verify that.

Thesearch for the U.S. pilot focused on amountainous region in Iran’ssouthwestern provinceofKohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad. An anchor on achannel affiliated with Iranian state television urged residents to hand over any “enemy pilot” to police. In an email from the Pentagon, obtained by the AP, the military said that it received notification of “an aircraft being shotdown” in the Middle East. AU.S. crew memberwas rescued.

Oracle’s DubaiHQstruck

TheDubai offices of tech company Oracle were hit after Iran’sparamilitary Revolutionary Guard threatened thefirm.Footage verified by the AP outside the UAE showed a large hole in the building’s southwestern corner The sheikhdom’sDubai Media Office, whichspeaks for its government, noted a“minorincident caused by debrisfrom an aerial interception that fell on the facade,”saying therewere no injuries. Oracle Corp., based in Texas, didn’timmediatelyrespond to arequest for comment. The Guard hasaccused some large U.S. tech companies of being involved in “terrorist espionage” operationsagainst theIslamic Republic andcalledthem legitimate targets. Amazon WebServices facilities in theUAE andBahrain were hit in earlier drone strikes.

Russia andUkraine trade deadly strikes

Zelenskyytravels to Istanbul for talkswith Erdogan

BY VOLODYMYR YURCHUK Associated Press

KYIV,Ukraine— Russia and Ukrainetraded deadly strikes overnight andon Saturday morning, killing 10 peopleand wounding several dozen more, officials on both sides said Saturday.

Theattackscame as

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy traveled to Istanbul for talks with Turkish PresidentRecepTayyipErdogan. He will also meet with Ecumenical PatriarchBartholomew,the spiritual leader of Eastern Orthodox Christians.

“Weare working to strengthen our partnership to ensure the real protection of lives, advance stability,and guarantee security in Europeand the Middle East. Joint efforts alwaysyield thebestre-

sults,”Zelenskyy said in a post on the messaging app Telegram after arriving in Istanbul.

Russia fired286 drones at Ukraine overnight, 260 of which were downed,the Ukrainian Air Forcesaid in an online statement.

Five people —three women and two men were killed in thecity of Nikopol in the Dnipropetrovsk region, and 19 others were wounded, the head of the regional military administration Oleksandr Hanzha said. The attack damaged market stalls and ashop.

In thecity of Sumy,not

far from theborder with Russia,a strike wounded 11 people, theNational Policesaid. Residential areas were hit,and houses, cars andutility networks were damaged in the attack.

In thecapital, Kyiv,a drone strike caused afire on the first floor of athreestory office and warehousebuilding, Ukraine’s StateEmergency Service said.Nocasualties were reported.

In thepartially occupied Donetsk region, aRussian drone strike hit acivilian car on the Kostyantynivka–Druzhkivka road on Saturday morning, killing

one woman and wounding another,according to the head of the Kostyantynivka City Military Administration, Serhiy Horbunov

BY ABDULQAHAR AFGHAN Associated Press

KABUL,Afghanistan Widespread flooding, landslides and lightning strikestriggered by heavy rainand stormsacross Afghanistan have left 77 people dead and137 injuredover the past 10days,the country’s DisasterManagement Authority said Saturday More rain has beenforecast for the coming days throughout Afghanistan, and the authoritywarned thepublic to stay away from river banks and areas pronetoflooding.

So far this year,dozens of people have dieddue to extremeweather in Afghanistan, an impoverished country that is highly vulnerable to extreme weather events. Earlier this year,heavy snowfall and flash floods left dozens of people dead across the country

Therecenttollincludes 26 people killed over the past 48 hours, the disaster authority said. Overall, 793homes have been completely destroyed and afurther 2,673 have been damaged, while floods and landslides have destroyed

about 210 miles of roads, it said.

Businesses, agricultural land, water wells and irrigation canals have also been damaged, with more than 5,800 families affected overall, theauthority said.

Several highways connecting the country’s capital to theprovinces have alsobeen damaged by floods and landslides, forcing travelers to take long, circuitous routes to reach Kabul,Public Works Ministry spokesperson Ashraf Haqshinas saidSaturday

The Russian Defense Ministry claimed Saturdaythat its forces fired “long-range air-and ground-based precision weapons, as well as strike drones” at unspecified“military-industrial andenergyfacilitiesused by the Ukrainian Armed Forces.”

Meanwhile, the Russianinstalled head of the occupied Luhansk region, Leonid Pasechnik, said Ukrainian forces hit railroad infrastructure in the region and private houses, killing a family of three —a couple and their 8-year-old child.

ArtemisIIastronautsmorethanhalfway to moon

BY MARCIA DUNN AP aerospace writer

HOUSTON Now more than halfwaytothe moon, the Artemis II astronauts were toasted by Canada on Saturday as they prepared for their historic lunar fly-around to push deeper into space than even the Apollo astronauts.

The three Americans and one Canadian will reach their destination Monday,photographing the mysterious lunar farside as they zoom around. It’sthe first moonbound crew in more than 53 years, picking up where NASA’s Apollo program left off.

“The Earth is quite small and the moon is definitely getting bigger,” reported pilot Victor Glover Artemis II is poised to set adistance record for humans, traveling more than 252,000 miles (400,000 kilometers) fromEarth before hanging aU-turn behind the moon and headinghome without stoppingorentering lunar orbit. The record is currently held by Apollo 13. The Canadian Space Agency celebrated the country’srole

in themission, speaking from QuebecwithastronautJeremy Hansen as he headed toward his lunar rendezvous. Hansen isthe first non-U.S. citizen to fly to the moon.

“Today he is making history for Canada,” said CanadianSpace Agency PresidentLisaCampbell.

“As we watch him taking this boldstep into theunknown, let hisjourney remind us thatCanada’sfuture is written by those who dare to reach formore.”

In the live televised linkup, Hansen saidhe’salready witnessed“extraordinary” views from NASA’sOrion capsule.

Hansen,Glover, Reid Wiseman and Christina Koch are the world’sfirst lunar astronauts since Apollo 17’screw of three in 1972. Koch and Glover are the first female and first Black astronautstothe moon, respectively

Their nearly10-day mission endingwith aPacific splashdown on April 10 —isthe first step in NASA’s bold plans for asustainable moon base. Thespace agency is aiming foramoon landing by two astronauts near thelunar south pole in 2028.

Trumpadministrationappeals orderhalting ballroom construction

BY STEPHENGROVES Associated Press

WASHINGTON The Trump administration is arguing that ajudge’sorder to halt construction of a$400million ballroom creates asecurity risk for President Donald Trump as it asks afederal appeals court to pause the ruling.

In amotion filed Friday, National Park Service lawyers say that thefederal judge’sorder to suspend construction of the new facility is “threatening grave national-security harms to the White House,the President and his family,and the President’sstaff.”

“Time is of the essence! the lawyers write, citing materials thatwill be installed

to make a“heavilyfortified” facility.The ballroom constructionalso includesbomb shelters, military installations and amedical facility, according to the filing. The

ballroom is part of President Donald Trump’splans to quickly remake Washington. U.S.DistrictJudge RichardLeon in Washington on Tuesday ordered the tempo-

rary pause of the construction project that hasincluded demolishing the East Wing of theWhite House.Heconcluded thatunless Congress approves the project,the preservationist group suing to stop it is likely to succeed on the merits of itsclaims because “no statutecomes close to giving thePresident the authority he claims to have.”

The judge suspendedenforcement of his order for 14 days acknowledging that the administrationwould appeal his decision.

Leon’sruling and theappeal come the same week akey agency tasked with approving construction on federal property in theWashington region gave final approval to theproject.

In his ruling Leon,who was nominated by Republican President George W. Bush, suspended enforcement of hisorderrecognizing that “halting an ongoing construction project may raise logistical issues.”

Leon also addressednational security in his ruling, saying that he reviewed information that the government privately submitted to him and concluded that halting construction wouldn’t jeopardize national security He exempted any construction work that is necessary for the safety and security of the White House from the scope of the injunction.

Trumplashed out at the ruling, but also noted that it would allow work on underground bunkers and other se-

curity measuresaround the White House grounds to continue —even though those will be paid for by taxpayers. Trump haspledgedthathe, alongwith private donors, will coverthe costsfor the ballroom construction.

Butthe National Park Service argues in its motion that the president has “complete authority to renovate the White House” and the current state of the grounds, which is an open construction site, makeitharder to protect the White House. “Canvastents, whichare necessary without aballroom, aresignificantly morevulnerable to missiles, drones, and otherthreats than ahardened national security facility,”the motion says.

U.S. jets hitinIranmarkexceedingly rare occurrence

American warplanes firstshotdown by enemy fire in over 20 years

BY BEN FINLEY and JESSE BEDAYN Associated Press

WASHINGTON Iran shooting down two American military jets marks an exceedingly rare assault for the U.S. that has not happenedinmore than 20 years and shows the Islamic Republic’scontinued ability to hit back despite PresidentDonald Trump asserting it has been “completely decimated.”

The attacks came fiveweeksafter U.S. and Israeli strikes first pounded Iran, with Trumpsayingearlier this week that Tehran’s“ability to launch missiles and dronesisdramatically curtailed.”

Iran shot down aU.S. F15-E Strike Eaglefighterjet Friday,withone service membergettingrescued and the search still underway for a second, U.S. officials said.Iranian state media also said aU.S. A-10 attack aircraft crashed afterbeing hit by Iranian defense forces

The last time aU.S. warplane was shot down by enemy fire in combat wasanA-10 ThunderboltIIduring the 2003 U.S. invasion of Iraq, said retired Air Force Brig. Gen. Houston Cantwell, aformer F-16 fighter pilot.

But,hesaid, that’sbecause the U.S. had largely been fighting in-

surgentswho didn’thave the same anti-aircraft capabilities. The fact that there have not been more fighter jets lost in Iran, Cantwellsaid, is atestament to the capabilities of U.S.forces

“The fact that thishasn’t happeneduntil nowisanabsolutemiracle,” said Cantwell, whoserved four combat tours andisnow a seniorresident fellow at theMitchellInstitute forAerospaceStudies. “We’re flying combat missions here, they are being shot at every day.”

U.S. Central Command saidina statement Wednesday thatAmerican forces have flown more than 13 000missionsinthe Iran war while strikingmore than 12,300 targets.

Aftermorethan amonth of punishing U.S.-Israeli airstrikes, adegraded Iranian military nonetheless remainsastubborn foe. Its steady streamof strikes against Israel and GulfArabneighborshave been causing regionalupheavaland globaleconomicshock.

When it comes to American dominance over Iran’sairspace, there’s stilladistinction between air superiority and airsupremacy, saidBehnam BenTaleblu,Iranprogram senior director at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies,a hawkish Washington think tank.

“A disabledair defense system is nota destroyed air defense system,” he said. “Weshouldn’tbe shocked that they’re still fighting.”

American planes have been flying missionsatlower altitudes, which makes them more vulnerableto

Iran’s missiles, Taleblu said. It’spossible that Iran fired at the F-15with asurface-to-air missile, but it’s more likely thata portable, shoulder-fired missile was used, he said. Those are muchharder to detect and reflect howIran is “weak but still lethal.”

“This is aregime thatisfighting for itslife,” he said.

MarkCancian, aretired Marine colonel and asenior defenseadviser with theCenter for Strategicand International Studies,agreed that ashoulder-fired missile waslikely used against thefighter jet

Nonetheless, theAmerican air waragainst Iran hasbeena “tremendous success” so far,hesaid.

To put things in perspective,he said thelossrate for American warplanes flying over Germany during World WarIIwas 3% at onepoint, which would equal about 350 war-

planes in the U.S. war against Iran.

“But then there’sthe political side —you have an American public that is accustomed to fighting bloodless wars,” Cancian said. “Then alarge part of the country doesn’tsupport thewar.Sotothem, any lossisunacceptable.”

The last U.S. jet shot down in combat was struck by an Iraqi surface-to-air missile over Baghdad on April8,2003. The pilotsafely ejected and was rescued, according to the Air Force.

In high-threat environments like missions over Iran,Cantwell, the retiredgeneral,saidanaviator’s blood pressure goes up andthey become highly alert to incoming missiles. Those are typically either infrared- or radar-guided missiles, he said, requiring different evasive tactics

European ministersurgeprofitcapsonenergyfirms

BY DEREK GATOPOULOS Associated Press

The finance ministers of Spain and four other European countries are urging theEuropeanUnion to impose abloc-wide windfalltax on energy companies, concerned that surging oil and gas prices driven by the war in Iran will fuel inflation and strain households.

Spanish Economy Minister Carlos Cuerpo said Saturday that his counterparts from

Germany,Italy,Portugaland Austria hadsigneda letter to the European Commission citing “market distortions” caused by the price spike.

“Theconflict in the Middle East has caused oil prices to rise, placing asignificant burden onthe European economyand onEuropean citizens,”the letter,dated Friday and madepublic by Cuerpo in an online post, said.

“It is important to ensure thatthis burden is distrib-

uted fairly,” it added.

Europe is largely dependent on imported oil and gas, leaving it vulnerable to external shocks. In 2022, turmoil in energy markets following Russia’sfull-scale invasion of Ukraine pushed inflation into double digits in many European countries. At thetime, the EU imposed a“solidaritycontribution” that includedcapsonexcess energy profits. “Giventhe current market distortions and fiscal con-

Veho Hospitalityexpands

NewOrleans footprintwith SushibyUs, an elevated dining experience in the heartofthe city

By Amanda McElfresh

| amcelfresh@theadvocate.com

This articleisbrought to youbyVehoHospitality Group.

Othersignature dishes at SushibyUsrange from tuna tiraditosand sashimitohot dishes like short ribbao andalligator bao.

straints, the European Commission shouldswiftlydevelop asimilarEU-wide contribution instrument,” the letter said. “It would alsosend a clear message that those who profit from theconsequences of the war mustdotheir part to easethe burden on the general public.”

Drivenlargelybyhigher oil prices, the annual inflation rateinthe 21 countries that use theeuro rose to 2.5% in March, from 1.9% in February.

SushibyUsistuckedinsideTacos

Street andisthe latest conceptfrom Veho Hospitality, agrowing restaurant groupthat hassteadilyexpandedits footprintacrossthe city ForownersDanny andVilexys Cruz,the opening represents both along-held dreamand astrategic investment in NewOrleans’ evolving dining scene

TheCruzeshavealifelongpassion for Japanese cuisineand have long sought to bringittolife. The conceptfor SushibyUsfirsttookshape in Madrid, Spain. After seeing itssuccess there, they decided to focustheir efforts in theUnitedStatesand bring therestauranttothe Crescent City

“Sushi by Us is designed to be an intimate,elegant spacewhere everydetailhas been carefullyconsidered.Whatsetsitapart is theobsessive attention to detail –fromthe wayeachdishiscrafted,tothe service, to theoverall experience of beinginthe room,” theCruzessaid. “It’snot just dinner;it’ssomethingyou feel.The restaurant is locatedinsideTacos delCartel, butonceyou step inside SushibyUs, it’s itsown world–arefined, immersiveenvironment unlike anythingelsecurrently in NewOrleans.”

TheSushi by Us menu wasbuilt around thevision of delivering Japanese cuisineatthe highestlevel andisguidedbyChef JohanPereira,who brings more than 15 yearsofculinaryexperiencetothe kitchen. Everyitemwas chosen with intention, balancing approachabilitywithsophistication.

Some earlymenufavorites from SushibyUs diners includemushroomdumplings, teriyaki lamb androasted fried rice.The WagyuRollhas emerged as aone-of-a-kind dish,one that people willcome back specifically to eatand tell theirfriends about.

“Sushi by Us is asensory experience,” Chef Pereira said.“It is alimited space, butwithanexcellent qualityof hospitalityand gastronomy.”

TheopeningofSushi by Us comesata time when therestaurantindustry in NewOrleans andthroughoutthe nation continuestonavigatechallenges, from rising coststoshiftingconsumerhabits. Yetthe Cruzes,who launched Veho Hospitalityin2020, are ready to meet themomentwitha spirit of resiliency anda belief that NewOrleans is acityfullofopportunity.Their driveand determinationhas already ledtoVehoHospitality operatingmultipleconcepts across thecity, with more on theway

“The timing of SushibyUsisveryintentional We seea city on therise, fueled by tourism, new leadership andgrowing momentum.Wewanttobe part of that growth,” theCruzessaid. They noted that severallocal leadershavebeenkey supporters includingMayra Pineda,president andCEO of the Hispanic ChamberofCommerceofLouisiana;Jenny Mains, deputymayor of economicdevelopment for theCityofNew Orleans; Seth Knudsen, president andCEO of theDowntownDevelopment District; andNew OrleansCityCouncilwomanLesli Harris

“Whatexcites us to themostisnot just therestaurant itself,but thelargervisionofbecoming oneof theleading hospitalitygroupsinDowntownNew Orleansand provingthatworld-class diningexperiences canbebuilt andsustainedright here,” the Cruzes said.“We believeinthiscity. We believein itspeople. We believeinthe poweroftourism that flows throughthese streetsevery single day.” Visitwww.sushibyus.com formoreonSushi by Us andwww.vehohospitalitygroup.comtolearn more aboutVeho’sother locations andconcepts

If they are hit and need to eject from theiraircraft,theyare trained on what to do next, he said.

Pilots learn to check for wounds after aviolent ejection and the shock of amissile explosion and, mostcrucially,how they are going to communicate their location so rescuers can find them.

At the same time, he said, the enemy is likelyworking to intercept the communications or even spoof the location.

Theplanes that went downFriday were notthe first crewed American aircraft to be lost overall in Iran. Amilitary helicopter and airplaneexplodedin1980during an abortedmissiontorescueseveral dozenAmerican hostagesatthe U.S. embassy in Tehran, according to the Air Force Historical Support Division.

Afteraseriesofsetbacks, including severe dust stormsand mechanical failures, the mission was called off. As the aircraft took off, the rotor blades of one of the RH-53 helicopters collided with an EC-130 aircraft full of fueland both exploded, killing eight.

More U.S. helicopters have been shot down in recent decades, including aMH-47 ArmyChinook helicopterthatwas struckbya rocket-propelledgrenade in Afghanistan in 2005, killing 16. Helicopters are moredangerous because “the lower and the slower,the more susceptible you are,” Cantwell said.

That’swhy those who went out on this week’srescue missions, likely in helicopters, he said, did “such a brave and honorable act.”

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Gray’s leadership through both crises earned him glowing reviews from his bosses, the Jefferson Parish School Board. More recently board members praised rising test scores and falling teacher vacancies, among other improvements. Gray has also moved quickly on the board’s plan to close several schools and relocate thousands of students which caused an uproar in the affected communities.

“He doesn’t scare,” said former board member Larry Dale. “He looks at things, sees what the right thing to do is, and stays the course, no matter what’s against him.”

Now, as Gray nears the six-year mark as superintendent — a relatively long tenure for any urban district leader — he has proven that he can do more than steer the school system through choppy waters.In the past few years, as test scores inched up, the district earned its first B rating from the state in nearly a decade. In 2024, those and other accomplishments earned Gray the title of Louisiana Superintendent of the Year Yet as he approaches another year as superintendent, more challenges are on the horizon. Student enrollment continues to drop, which could necessitate more closures. A tough new state rating system threatens to pull down the district’s performance grade. And some teachers are again expressing dissatisfaction with pay and working conditions. And then there’s the possibility that Gray could fall victim to his own success, with his accomplishments raising board members’ and taxpayers’ expectations even as the district faces new headwinds.

“I think the public understands what we’re going through right now,” Gray said in a recent extended interview, which the low-profile leader rarely gives. “But

at the same time, they want to see progress.”

Gray’s rise from rural middle school teacher to leader of Louisiana’s largest and most diverse school district — he is only the second Black person to hold that title — has been fueled by the conviction, born of his own experience, that a great education can change a student’s life.

“I know what it’s like to be marginalized,” he said, “and I know what a difference being supported can make in the trajectory of your life.”

The son of working-class Opelousas parents who didn’t attend college, Gray hadn’t planned to become an educator That changed when his basketball team at Grambling State University visited a nearby elementary school and he noticed that none of the teachers were men.

“In that moment, I thought of how my teachers impacted me,” Gray recalled, “and I knew this was a gap that needed to be filled.”

He started his career teaching at a middle school in New Iberia, then worked his way up to a leadership role in Vermilion Parish Schools, where he caught the attention of Jefferson Parish’s new superintendent, Cade Brumley who brought him on as chief of schools in 2018. In that role, he helped expand the pipeline of teacher-leaders and developed the district’s strategic plan, which called for raising graduation rates, promoting career education and supporting struggling readers. “I remember there being this incredible sense that there was lots to do,” said Jenna Chiasson, who worked alongside Gray on the district’s leadership team. “He just moved with a sense of urgency.”

When Brumley left Jefferson Parish in 2020 to become state superintendent of education, the board tapped Gray to replace him He had only been in the district two years, but board members were impressed by his work and believed Gray could maintain the momentum that Brumley had generated.

Gray didn’t get a chance to celebrate the huge pro-

If the school system wants to substantially raise salaries, Gray most likely will have to convince Jefferson Parish voters to approve a tax hike similar to the one they narrowly rejected in 2024. Beyond pay, some teachers say they struggle with unmanageable workloads and responsibilities. At board meetings, some have said the district has given them more tasks to complete while failing to address classroom incidents when students have been disruptive or even violent.

times you have to love the kids in the building more than you love the adults.” Even as he wrestles with those challenges, Gray is pushing forward on other initiatives. He established an early warning system that identifies students at risk of not meeting important milestones, and he wants to expand career education, including giving students more opportunities to earn employer-recognized credentials, which he said will create a stronger local workforce and provide an economic boost.

motion. Instead, he started working on a plan to bring students back for in-person learning, even as classes in Orleans and St. Tammany parish schools remained virtual, drawing fierce opposition from many Jefferson Parish teachers.Gray argued that the district’s students, more than 70% of whom are economically disadvantaged, needed access to school meals and structured learning. Today board members point to test scores showing that Jefferson Parish students recovered faster from pandemic learning setbacks than their peers in other districts as evidence that returning quickly was the right call.

Then, after Hurricane Ida battered the district a year later in August 2021, Gray immediately went into “triage” mode, said board member Clay Moise. He determined which schools would need major repairs and started looking for temporary placements and transportation for affected students

“He went straight to, ‘What’s best for our kids?’” Moise said.

Some of the biggest challenges Gray has faced, including a shrinking student population and calls for higher teacher pay, remain unresolved.

When Jefferson Parish closed seven schools in 2023 due to declining enrollment, the move sparked outcry from community members

who said the district was targeting schools where most students were Black or Hispanic. The Southern Poverty Law Center later filed a federal complaint against the school board alleging discrimination. (The status of the complaint is unclear.)

And board members say more consolidations are on the horizon as enrollment continues to fall, with the district losing about 5,000 students since 2019. Despite the inevitable backlash the district will face if it shutters more schools, Gray argues that downsizing presents an opportunity to move students out of dilapidated buildings. Having modern facilities “is something we think is going to attract more people to Jefferson Parish,” Gray said. “We want buildings our kids can be proud of.”

Many Jefferson Parish teachers are frustrated about their pay, which starts at $51,000 and is lower than in nearby school districts like St. Tammany and St. Charles.

“I think a lot of teachers feel they aren’t valued,” said board member Steven Guitterrez. Not “just monetarily, but in how they’re treated and the expectations on them.”

Gray pointed out that leading such a large district often means making tough calls His top priority is always the students, he added.

He quoted a philosophy often touted by education advocate Bill Daggett: “Some-

Gray has some runway to achieve his goals after the board renewed his contract in 2024 for another four years. Still, he acknowledged that the road to reaching them will be a long one, with some of his efforts unlikely to come to fruition any time soon. “You may not ever sit underneath the tree,” he said, “but somebody has to plant the seed.”

Forthe first time ever,the HondoRodeo Fest is coming to NewOrleans,introducing alarge-scale celebrationofWestern culturetoacityknown for itsown rich traditions.

Theevent will take placeApril 10,11and 12, transforming CaesarsSuperdome andChampions Square into ahigh-energymix of rodeocompetition live concerts from some of countrymusic’s biggest namesand afullfestivalexperience–marking a significant expansionfor Hondoand anew kind of entertainmentfor theregion.

“The sheersizeand scaleofthe Superdomegives us an incredible opportunitytorespond to their continuously growingappetitefor rodeo excitement andheadliningcountry music,”Hondo RodeoFest CEOJames Trawicksaid. “Weare incredibly lucky to have theindustry validation andsupport from Governor Jeff Landry,the Greater NewOrleans Sports Foundation andNew Orleans& Companyto best position ourselvesfor successand producethe best HondoRodeo Fest yet.

Severalmajor countryand rock artistswill performnightly concerts inside theCaesars Superdome throughout theevent.Headlinersfor theNew Orleansdebut areLynyrdSkynyrdand JasonAldean (April 10), OldDominionand Cody Johnson(April 11)and Bailey Zimmermanand Creed(April11) Priortoeachperformance,someofthe world’s topcowboys andcowgirlswillcompete in thehighstakes,invitation-only MillionDollarRodeo at 6 p.m. each night. Competitorswillgohead-to-head acrosseight events,including bull riding,barrel racing,teamropingand steerwrestling,all vying for a$1million purse. Thelevel of rodeocompetition is expected to attractsomeofthe sport’s most eliteathletes, includingworld champions, national finalists andrising stars. AmongthemisShane Hanchey, aSulphur La.nativewho hasmorethan$3million in career earnings anda 2013 PRCA WorldChampionshipas aprofessionaltie down roper. As a16-time Wrangler National Finals Rodeoqualifierwho finished14th in the2025world standings, Hancheyhas established himself as oneofthe toptie down ropers in theprofession. Hancheytoldcalfroping.comthatmuchofhis successisdue to Reata, oneofhis earliest horses whogave him confidenceand acompetitive spirit He’s also adiligentstudent,often rewatchinghis performances to findareastoimprove.

“I know when to take advantageofasituation and when to just getby,”hesaid.

AnotherLouisiana native competinginHondo RodeoFestwillbe21-year-old breakawayroper Josie Conner of Iowa.ConnerisrankedNo. 3inthe 2025 worldstandings andhas more than $200,000 in season earnings.She is afour-time National Finals

BreakawayRopingqualifierand the2022WPRA Rookie of theYear. Conner first picked up aropearoundage seven, startedyouth competitions around age10and has steadily honedher skills since.

“I didn’t winalot as an 11-year-old, butI think that’s part of whyIamwho Iamasa ropertoday,” Conner told WesternSportsFoundation. “Myrookie year,I finished15thand last year Iwas 14th.I think that just showshow experiencehelps you. Ineeded thosefirstfew yearstobecomethe person androper Iamtoday.” In addition to theMillion Dollar Rodeo, theevent willfeature an AngolaPrisonRodeo Exhibition at 5 p.m. each day. TheAngolarodeo is longtime staple of thestate penitentiary that helpsinstill prideand selfworthinparticipants.Withits inclusionatHondo RodeoFest, thegoalistoshowcaseits valueand benefitstomorepeoplethanever.

“Ultimately, we want theHondo to come into states andcommunities andmakeanimpact,”organizers said.“Ourinvolvement with theAngolarodeo is agreatexample of just that.”

HondoRodeo Fest activities willextendbeyond theCaesars Superdomeand into aStreetFestin ChampionsSquarebeginning at noon each day, with food,music,shoppingand interactiveexperiences Live performances arescheduled from acts including Neal McCoy(4p.m.April 10), EddieMontgomery (4 p.m. April11) andSweet TeaTrio, Clay Cormier, Mutton Bustin’and Justin Biltonen (beginningat noon April12) TheStreetFestisfreeand open to thepublic. Ticketsare availablefor entryintothe Angola rodeo, HondoRodeo Fest andthe nightlyconcert.Weekend passes arealsoavailable

“Thisevent represents thekindofmajor entertainment investment that drives tourism, supports localbusinessand strengthensour state’sgrowing live events economy,” Gov. Landry said.“TheHondo RodeoFestcapturesthe spirit of themarket, and we’reexcited to work with Jamesand histeamto integrateour NewOrleans culturetomakethisan incredible fanexperience.” HondoRodeo Fest wasalsodrawn to Louisiana becauseitoffered achancetomakea direct impact Throughits newnonprofit

The CoastGuard recovered more than 170,000 gallons of oily water after the spill.

“This is not anew problem, but it is one that needed anew approach, something this administration recognizedfrom thestart,” said Patrick Courreges, spokesperson forthe DepartmentofConservation and Energy.“But thismay be the generation where the bill is finally coming due.”

“Orphaned wells” are inactive and unplugged oil and gas wells that fall to the state to plug and remediate, often after the company that owned them goes bankrupt, dissolvesorrepeatedly violates state regulations. In 2025,more than 1,600 wells were added to Louisiana’s orphaned well list. So farin 2026, 517 wells have been added.

That’ssharply higher than in recent years. Between 2014 and 2023, the state legislative auditor foundthat an average of about 445 wells were added to the orphaned list annually

The number of orphaned wells jumped from 2,800in 2013 to nearly 4,800 in 2024. But in justthe last twoyears, the number increased 35% —from 4,785 in April 2024to 6,465 in March of this year

The number of orphaned wells is growing much faster than the state can plug them. Since 2023, Louisiana has plugged just 490 orphaned wells at acost of nearly $90 million, using acombination of state andfederal funds, the Department of Conservation and Energy said.

“I hope that 2025 is an outlier,” said Scott Eustis, the community science director at Healthy Gulf, an environmental advocacy nonprofit.

“But if Louisiana continuesto fail to enforce the law …companies will continue to dump wells on us.”

He saidthe state shouldbe more aggressively prosecutingthe companies that have contributed to the state’sorphan well problem. Plugging asingle orphaned wellcostsanaverage of about $113,000, according to the legislative auditor, and taxpayers foot the bill. Based on that averagecost, pluggingthe 6,500 orphaned wells on the state’slist would cost about $730 million.

Thenew orphanedwells are scattered acrossthe state, with largeclustersinUnion Parish, east of Shreveport, as well as in Plaqueminesand St.BernardParishes, along thecoast southeast of New Orleans.

The increase has been driven bya combination of factors: tighter regulation and financial security requirements, sustained low oil and gas prices eroding operators’ financial reserves, and operators having more difficulty getting loans and bonds in recent years, according to Courreges.

He noted that for the first centuryofthe oil and gas industry’sexistence in Louisiana, there were no financial security requirementsatall. The currentstandards for financial security were established onlyabout adecade ago.

Thesurgeinorphanedwells was, in fact, apredicted consequence of those stronger regulations, Courregessaid. Thestate had anticipated that tighter oversightwould accelerate thenumber of wells landing on the orphaned list.

The administration worked with thelegislaturetocreate the Natural Resources Trust Authority, anew financial arm of theDepartmentof Conservation andEnergy, tasked with determining how best to useexistingfunding to plug orphaned wells.The NRTA is the result of a2024 law,passedafter the Louisiana Oilfield Restoration Association —a private company thestate had tasked with

plugging orphaned wells was suedfor allegedly “selfdealing,” including loaning a stateofficial $780,000 to buy ahouse.

But even as thestate has created new oversight, the current financial security requirementsremaininplace, andtheyfallwellshort of actual plugging costs, the legislative auditor found. For a6,000-foot well, drilled on land, acompany would be required to post $30,000, or $5 per foot of depth. That’sless than athird of theaverage cost

And many wells arecovered by “blanket” security policies, which theauditor found to be even less adequatethan individual policies Theseblanket policies group large numbers of wells under asinglecoverage amount without accounting for well depth —amajor factor in determining plugging costs.

Courreges saidhis agency tried to increase financial security requirements for individual wellsto$7per foot,following a2014 audit, but legislators overruledthe agency,passinga law limiting the amount

About 1,200 wells on Louisiana’sorphaned well list nearly 1inevery 5—once belonged to fourcompanies: Cox Operating, TBR Operating, Terronne Petroleum Corporationand American Natural Energy Corporation. These companieslargely did not drill the now-orphaned wells, but rather bought them from larger oil companies that did. Many wells change hands severaltimesbefore they become orphaned. The state can legally force the company that drilled the wells to pay to plug them, but often struggles to identify the company responsible.

Headquartered in Metairie, Cox Operating had been buying up old wells along the Louisianacoast sinceitwas founded in the early 2000s. In alegal filing associated with Cox’sbankruptcy proceed-

Louisianahas arecordnumber of orphan wells

Each dot represents orphaned wells. The red dots are wellsthat have become orphaned since January 2025. Louisiana has received federalfunding to plug orphaned wells,but hasn't been able tokeep pace as largenumbersofnew wells become orphaned.

Shreveport

ings, the bankruptcy trustee alleges thatBradCox, the former chairman of the company’sboard,and other officers systematically looted the company,treating it as apersonalfunding source while the business was insolvent and unable to pay its vendors.

BradCox received an $11 millionannualsalaryfrom the company,according to the complaint.The company also footed the bill for luxury properties, including aDallas estate listedfor $64 million, a$36 million Vail ski chalet, and a15,000-acre Texas ranch, the complaint says. It also alleges thatthe company paid for Cox’sprivatejet travel —for $300,000 amonthin aplane emblazoned with the Cox logo.

The company’sdebt,meanwhile, ballooned.

About 350 wells that Cox Operating owned, including onethatwas leakingoff the coast of Plaquemines Parish lastyear,became orphaned in October.

Jonathan Karush, aspokesperson forBradCox, said

that the company “categoricallyrejects the allegations in the complaint,” which it describes as “unfounded” and “hallucinated.” Karush also said Cox tried to work with thebankruptcy trustee to continue operating the wells but wasrebuffed.

The bankruptcy trustee, Michael Warner,declined to commentand referreda reporter to thelegal filings.

TBR Operating is registered as acorporation in Wyoming, andits president is listed as Jan Griffin Farrington, aphilanthropist and theexecutive director of Medical Support andDevelopment Organization Inc., aMississippi nonprofit that provides hospital support and anursing scholarship.

The Department of Conservation and Energy’srecords indicate that thewells were orphanedbecause theagency could not reach anyone at the company. Its503 wells became orphaned last August.

Yetanothercompany, TerronnePetroleum Corporation, based in Monroe,also ap-

pearstohavegonedark, and 260 wells it operated became orphaned in March While mostofthe wells on theorphaned listwere drilled decades ago— theoldest was drilledinCaddo Parish in 1913, according to state data —10were drilledasrecently as 2020 by acompanycalled American Natural Energy Corp. Thatcompanywent through abankruptcy-related reorganization in 2016. It appears to now be dormant, and several phone numbers associated with it were disconnected. Efforts to reach representatives for TBR, Terronne, and American Natural Energy werenot successful.

“When these companies fail, their wells become everyone’sproblem,” said MeganBiven, the founderof True Transition, which advocates for creating jobs by cleaning up inactive oil and gas infrastructure. “Wehave rules but it’sstill more burdensome in Louisiana to open up asno-ball stand than it is to own an oilwell.”

tha become o since Ja 2025

Wells that orphaned January2

Wellsthat have rphaned nuary became before 025

LEFT AND RIGHT: Cracks and vegetation are visible on the exterior of St. Louis Cathedral.

CATHEDRAL

Continued from page 8A

Our Cathedral,” spearheaded by New Orleans Saints and Pelicans owner Gayle Benson.

Specific timetables and other details will come, but in a few months, scaffolding will arise and encase the cathedral as work begins. The exterior overhaul will come first, and could last at least two years; work will then move to the interior for another 18-24 months. (Scaffolding covered in plywood is already in place across the front of the cathedral, to protect patrons from stucco that has been falling from the façade.)

The restoration comes as the archdiocese emerges from a grueling, yearslong bankruptcy, and as a new archbishop, James Checchio, takes the reins from the now-retired Archbishop Gregory Aymond.

“Our cathedral restoration project is about much more than preserving a historic building,” Checchio said in a prepared statement. “It is also about preserving the legacy of faith in our city a legacy with 300-year-old roots in the cathedral. This restoration renews that legacy of faith, ensuring St. Louis Cathedral stands as a beacon in our city for generations to come.” Benson is a longtime cathedral parishioner for whom the cathedral holds a special place she met her husband, the late Tom Benson, while doing volunteer work there in the 2000s.

She says the importance of restoring and preserving the building cannot be overstated.

“The presence you feel there — St Louis Cathedral is more than a church,” she said one recent evening from Paris, just hours after she had toured Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral with Philippe Villeneuve, the architect who led its massive restoration after a devastating 2019 fire.

In March, Benson attended a discussion at the New Orleans Book Festival at Tulane University about the Notre Dame and St. Louis Cathedral restorations Toward the end of the discussion, Morris, who was on the stage with Villeneuve flashed a slide that showed the view from Jackson Square of the Cabildo and the Presbytère — but with a parking lot between them where the cathedral now sits. There were gasps from the audi-

ence as they pondered the absence.

“So powerful,” Benson said.

“It is THE iconic image of New Orleans,” said Ann Masson, a New Orleans resident and architecture historian who has written extensively about St. Louis Cathedral. Masson recalled the harrowing time in the city following Hurricane Katrina. “We didn’t even have lights, but when (President) George Bush came to the city where was he standing?” she

asked. “He was in front of the cathedral.”

‘This is a huge job’ As the exterior work takes place, the cathedral will remain open for Mass weddings and other events until the summer of 2027. Work will then move inside. The cathedral has stopped booking weddings after July 2027, officials say The Rev Patrick Williams, the cathedral rector, said the desire is to

keep the cathedral open for Mass as long as possible, but said as the interior work progresses, that might not be possible.

“We’re also trying to minimize how it will impact our neighbors,” Williams said. “Given the geography, it’s going to be a challenge.”

Once the scaffolding goes up, workers and specialists will remove and replace deteriorated stucco and repair the masonry beneath it. The scaffolding along the front façade will be shrouded in fabric with the image of the cathedral on it. New slate and underlayments will be installed on the upper and lower gable roofs, Morris said. Termitedamaged sections of the roof framing will also be repaired

A roof enclosure on a set of rails will be erected that can slide over exposed areas to protect the building from south Louisiana’s notoriously rainy summers or during periods when tropical weather threatens, Morris said.

Inside, the stained-glass windows depict the life of Louis IX, the 13thcentury king of France who was canonized in 1297 and was the original church’s namesake Those will be repaired and restored, Morris said. The deteriorating plaster ceilings, nearly 150 years old will be removed and reconstructed, along

with the murals and iconography on them.

Walls and floors will be repaired and refinished. A new fire-protection sprinkler system will also be installed

“The interior has probably not been touched since 1975,” Morris said.

As the ceiling is removed, artist Erasme Humbrecht’s circa-1870s scenes depicting the life of Jesus will require delicate care. The paintings are on canvas, affixed to the plaster A New Berlin, Wisconsin, company, Conrad Schmitt Studios, will handle the restoration work for the paintings and stained glass.

“This is a huge job,” Morris said, noting the extensive prep work required to find the right experts and craftspeople.

Morris, 55, feels a calling to the job. A devout Catholic, the Brother Martin High School and LSU graduate said there’s a “spiritual connection” he feels to this project. His high school years are full of memories of events and Mass at the cathedral. And his home is filled with photos collected by his wife, many of which depict the cathedral.

“Every day I walk out of my house and I see those photos,” he said. “For me, it’s sort of a ‘God winks’ moment.”

Holly & Smith, with a New Orleans office on Magazine Street, is overseeing the project and has been working closely with the contractor chosen for the job, Ryan Gootee General Contractors of New Orleans, to vet numerous subcontractors.

Many of the project’s details remain fluid, Morris said, and will be decided by review committees. He and others have worked closely with the state Division of Historic Preservation and the Vieux Carre Commission which is charged with protecting the French Quarter and its buildings.

It’s a complicated organizational effort with numerous moving parts. Problems are bound to be discovered along the way, Morris said.

“We’ve had bigger projects, but this is the biggest historical project we’ve ever worked on,” he said of his company.

While the cathedral restoration is pegged at $45 million, the fundraising campaign’s goal is $75 million. Of the additional money, $10 million would be earmarked to renovate and repurpose the rectory, and $20 million would fund two endowments to cover operating expenses, as well as long-term maintenance.

Campaign organizersdeclined to get into details, but Benson said the drive hasbeen very successful andshe is confident the goal will be met.

From ‘garish’ to icon

St. Louis Cathedral, which carries the formaltitle“Cathedral-Basilica of St.Louis, King of France,” is afocal point of the Roman Catholic Church in New Orleans.

The building that is so recognizable now —the popular backdrop to untold thousands of photos and television shots —isactually the latest of aseries of church buildings on the site.

Pope Paul VI designatedita cathedral basilica in 1964, but the more formal title never seemed to catch on with the populace.

Its history is marked by triumph and tragedy.Some histories mention an “early church” at the location around 1722that was destroyed by ahurricane. A permanent church openedatthe site in 1727. That church went up in flames during the Good Friday fire that consumed much of New Orleans in 1788.

Anew church was completed and consecrated in 1794. But population growth spurred an ambitious renovation in the 1840s that, complicated by constructionmishaps, resulted in the church being substantiallyrebuilt. The new church was completed in 1851 and is largely the design of Jacques Nicholas de Pouilly,one of the city’smost successful architects, Masson said.

In a2024 article for the Preservation Resource Center of New Orleans, Masson wrote that de Pouilly’s“French Romantic” design brought in elementsofseveral different architectural styles, including Greek Revival andGothic Revival. De Pouilly was “quite avant-garde in his moment,” Masson said in an interview. “What we’re looking at is avery modern building from the 1850s.”

Some critics at the time called it “garish” and “showy,” Masson’s research found.

The subsequent years would see very little in the way of change to the cathedral as the city grew up around it. Among theerasand events the cathedral has survived, there was abomb blast on aquiet Sundayafternoonin1909 that left the city stunned. While no one was hurt, newspaper accounts from the time said the blast knocked out many of the windows and caused extensive damagetothe organ and choir loft. No cause or attack was ever identified, but theories abounded. The police at the time insisted it was a deliberateact, but the state’sfire marshal suggestedthatdust from construction work could have caused theblast.New Orleanians rallied to raise the $5,000 needed to repair the damage.

Thecathedral isn’tsinking

As he showed agroup around the cathedral one recent morningand pointed out signs of its deterioration, Morris said it’s importantto fortify the structure, but preserve its identity and appearance. Morris and the others involved in theproject have studiedthe cathedralfor the past fewyears in preparation for this summer’s start. The prep work has been bothhigh- and low-tech. Workers strapped with computer-camera equipment walked the interiorto create sophisticated Lidarimages, while outside, workers useda doorknob-like ball on the end of a stick to perform “soundings” ofthe stucco walls to determine where it was pulling free from the masonry One thing the researchhas concluded: St. Louis Cathedral is not sinking.

ST.LOUIS CATHEDRALRESTORATION PLANS

Theambitious,$45 million restorationofthe iconic St.Louis Cathedralwillbegin this summer in the French Quarter. Exterior work will begin first, with scaffoldingenvelopingthe entire structure. Interior work will follow.The projectisexpectedtotakethree yearsormore.

ST.LOUIS CATHEDRAL

Standing watch over Jackson Square in the French Quarter, St. LouisCathedral is abuilding like no other in New Orleans. Knowntolocals asthe focal point of the Roman Catholic Church in south Louisiana, it is also adrawfor tourists in one of the most famous neighborhoods in the world.

“It is one of the most iconic buildings in the world,” Louisiana Lt.Gov.BillyNungesser said. “It’sone of the most photographed buildingsinthe world.” Named for King Louis IX of France, who was canonized in 1297, the cathedralhas had astoried history,including a visitfrom thePope in 1987.A number of people areburied in the cathedral, including 11 archbishops.

Sources: Clarion Herald; St. Louis Cathedral website; Archdiocese of New Orleans; Preservation Resource Center of New Orleans; The Times-Picayune.

Theslate roof will be removed. Repairswillbemadeto thestructure that supports theroof, andnew copper flashing will be installed. Theslate roof will be replaced

Theperimeter of thebuildingwill be encasedin scaffolding. The masonrywillbe repaired andthe stucco on the exterior walls will be replaced

1718

Termite-damaged wood will be replaced throughout theinterior.

Such atragedy had been feared and reported bymedia outlets over the years. But Morris said extensive testing of the layers of soil beneath the cathedral’sfoundation revealedthe building is stable.

Morris said asection of thefloor was removed and ateam led by University of New Orleans anthropologist Ryan Gray probed the ground beneathit. They found soot from the 1788 fire —“He said it still smelled like fire,”Morris said —but no hard evidence that the building is sinking.

“Without some massive geological event, the cathedralisgoingto staywhere it is,”hesaid.

As NewOrleans is mapped out, the spot the cathedral nowoccupies wasset aside as the locationofa Catholic church.The church was to overlooka public square, the Place de Armes(later JacksonSquare). Onestory is that JeanBaptisteLeMoyne de Bienville, the city’sfounder and then governor of Louisiana, drew an Xon the ground wherethe church should stand.“It’s agreatstory;itmight evenbetrue,”Christoper Wiseman, executive directorofthe Catholic CulturalCenter of New Orleans,said in arecent FoxNewsproduction about the cathedral

The floorand pews will be restored and repaired

Themainceiling will be removedand restored Thedecorativemurals, whichare on a canvas-likematerial that is affixedtothe ceiling, will be removed andrestored.

nishes vedand ed to ess ge from moisture and flaking.

NotreDameasinspiration

Morris was part of adelegation that Benson put together to visit Paris in 2023 to closely view therebuilding of Notre Dame.

That trip, Benson and Morris both agree,gavethose involved an upclose look at what worked and what didn’t, and someinspiration, too.

During thepanel discussion at Tulane for the book fest, Villeneuve said NotreDame was “very ill,” even before the devastating fire, facing years of backlogged maintenance and the absence of any substantial worksince 1937. Prior to thefire, Villeneuve and

others had done the needed work in apiecemeal fashion, catching it as money and timepermitted. The cathedral’s near destruction in an April 2019fire prompted an outpouring of griefthe worldover.

Butbuoyed by national pride and alarge budget —upward of $800 million, covered by donations and some government funding —alegion of workers descended on Paris to rebuild that national treasure.

“I was like abulldog,”Villeneuve told the book festival audience, noting the focushedeveloped as head of the effort.

Stainedglass windowsto be restored andrepaired.

“If you don’tgoinmydirection, I kill you,” he joked,and theaudience laughed.

‘There will be bumps’

While comparing therestorations of Notre Dame andSt. Louis Cathedral can very muchbeanexercise in applesand oranges, there are somesimilarities.

Onewill be thelogistical hurdles.

Working in the French Quarter’s vibrantstreets of visiting tourists will be challenging, as will thecomings andgoings (and parking, lodging, feeding) of teams of workers. Disruptions to life in the Quarter are expected, and those details,like many others, remaina bit in theair Morris said part of St. Anthony’s Garden, which sits behind the cathedral, would become astaging area forthe scaffoldingcontractors. Meanwhile, life andworship at the church will go on amid thework. The cathedralhas weekday Mass at 12:05 p.m. Saturday Mass is at 5p.m.and SundayMassisat9 a.m. and11a.m.

Williams, the cathedral’srector, saidSt. Louis Cathedral Parish isn’t large, witha “couplehundred families,” but that Mass attendance often swells withvisitors.

“They’re goingtobeour parishioners for an hour,” he said. “It’sour hope we’llbeabletoconduct Sunday Mass throughout. But there will be bumps. There always are in somethingthis major.”

ST.LOUIS CATHEDRALHIGHLIGHTSOVERTHE YEARS

1794

1722

Somehistorians mention an “early church” in place by this time.

1727

The Church of St. Louis, designed by Adrien de Pauger,isdedicated at the site on Christmas Eve. De Pauger later becomes the first person buried in the church.

1788

That churchwas destroyedduring the Good Friday fire that consumedmost of the city

1793

The Diocese of New Orleans is created.

The newchurch is completed and consecrated. It was underwrittenbyDon AndresAlmonestery Roxas and designed by Don Gilberto Guillemard 1819

Aclock towerisadded. 1840s

As the population grows, plans begin to renovate the cathedral, and in 1849, work begins. Architect Jacques Nicolas Bussière de Pouilly does the design work.Also in 1840, Eugenie Grambois, great-grandmother of Pope Leo XIV,was baptized at St. Louis Cathedral

1850

The central tower collapses during construction work.

1851

The newlyexpanded cathedral is blessed by Archbishop Antoine Blanc.

1909

An explosion rocks the cathedral, damaging nearly every stained glass window as well as the organ and choir loft.Theoriesabound but authorities neverdiscoverwhat caused the blast. Residents donate moneytorepair the damage.

Email BobWarren at bwarren@ theadvocate.com. 1964

Outspoken Iranians overseas say families held in Iran

BY AMIR-HUSSEIN RADJY

Associated Press

CAIRO Iran’s government is detaining family members and threatening to seize property of Iranian opposition figures in exile, some tell The Associated Press, in the latest crackdown on dissenting voices as the war rages on.

Activists overseas play a key role in tracking the crackdown, which is complicated by the internet shutdown imposed earlier this year during massive nationwide protests against the Islamic theocracy Watchdogs say security forces shot and killed thousands of people.

The war with the United States and Israel has intensified authorities’ threats against anyone speaking to outside media or activists. Now that pressure appears to be expanding to intimidate activists in exile.

Intelligence agents in Tehran on March 15 detained the brother of Hossein Razzagh, a former political prisoner who fled last year to Europe, Razzagh told the AP

“My own brother isn’t at all political and doesn’t do any kind of political activity It’s to put me under pressure,” he said.

His brother, Ali, was taken from his home in Tehran and was able to phone his wife that night “for a few seconds” from a detention center run by Iran’s Intelligence Ministry, Razzagh said.

Since then, the family and his lawyer have been unable to contact him. But the intelligence ministry told them it was reviewing his contact with his brother, Razzagh said.

Another activist who fled, Behnam Chegini, said his 20-year-old niece was detained on March 10 for a week. The niece was taken from her parents’ house in the city of Arak soon after she returned from Tehran, where her university had closed because of the war. She was later released on bail and put under a travel ban.

Chegini, who is now based in France, said the detention was at least in part “because she is my niece and they

know that.”

Sareh Sedighi, an activist who fled after her 2021 death sentence was overturned, said her mother was detained from her home last month in the western town of Urmia.

“The Islamic Republic took my mother away to make me be quiet,” she said. Her mother suffers from health problems and requires daily insulin doses, she added.

And Mahshid Nazemi, a former political prisoner and activist who now lives in France, said at least one friend was detained and questioned about contact with her Iran’s judiciary has begun seizing the property of public figures critical of the country’s rulers, under an anti-espionage law approved during last year’s 12-day war with Israel that punishes media and cultural activities deemed to support Iran’s enemies

A judiciary spokesman on March 31 said on state TV that more than 200 indictments for confiscations have been or are being issued.

Borzou Arjmand, an Iranian actor living in California, found out from news reports that his assets in Iran had been confiscated. After his outspoken support for protests in 2022, Arjmand was unable to return to Iran. Since then, authorities have blocked his bank accounts.

Arjmand has expressed support on social media for Reza Pahlavi, the son of Iran’s last shah who has organized an opposition movement abroad and supported U.S.-Israeli strikes.

Pressuring exiled figures is meant “so the Iranian people’s voice doesn’t reach the world,” Arjmand said.

At least three other figures living outside Iran star soccer player Sardar Azmoun, musician Mohsen Yeghaneh and university professor Ali Sharifi Zarchi have been on lists of confiscations, according to two semiofficial news agencies in Iran. Yeghaneh and Zarchi have expressed support for anti-government protesters on social media. Iranian security and judicial officials have warned that any new anti-govern-

ment protests will be met with lethal force.

State media regularly report arrests around the country, describing people as “mercenaries” or “agents” of Israel and the United States, “royalist thugs” or “traitorous elements.”

Reports have alleged that some sent information to “hostile networks.”

Iran Human Rights, a Norway-based group, has tracked several hundred detentions since the war began on Feb 28, using its networks in the country and state media reports, said its director, Mahmood Amiry-Moghhaddam. He said the full number is likely far higher

Among those detained is human rights lawyer Nasrin Sotoudeh, taken by intelligence agents from her house in Tehran, said her daughter Mehraveh Khandan, who lives in Amsterdam. The 64-year-old Sotoudeh had been out on bail for health reasons following an earlier detention.

Little is known about how trials are functioning, as Israeli airstrikes have targeted buildings connected to the judicial system. “It’s like they are half-closed A lot of judges are staying home,” said Musa Barzin, a lawyer with Dadban, a group of rights lawyers based abroad.

Some report deteriorating conditions inside crowded prisons. Speaking from Tehran, the wife of a political

prisoner held at Iran’s Evin Prison worried it could be struck as it was during last year’s war

“Explosions and smoke can be heard and seen from everywhere in the city Ev-

ery time we hear a sound, we get scared,” she said, speaking on condition of anonymity for her family’s safety

The situation has led to new attempts to organize the highly fragmented Iranian

opposition abroad. Shortly before the war, Razzagh and others began planning an opposition conference in London, the Iran Freedom Congress, to bring together pro-democracy groups. Razzagh represented a group of Iran-based opposition figures including Soutoudeh and imprisoned Nobel laureate Narges Mohammadi.

He called the conference a first step toward forming a coalition to push for a “political transition” in Iran. For decades, Iran’s rulers have quashed organized political opposition. Some activists in the diaspora say the war is worsening that pressure.

“Israel and America are saying, well, if the Islamic Republic doesn’t kill you, let us bomb you. They’ve been taken hostage from both sides,” Nazemi said of Iranians back home.

BY MICHAEL CASEY Associated Press

BOSTON A federal judge has halted efforts by the Trump administration to collect data that proves higher education institutions aren’t considering race in admissions.

The ruling from U.S. District Court Judge F. Dennis Saylor IV in Boston on Friday granting the preliminary injunction follows a lawsuit filed last month by a coalition of 17 Democratic state attorneys general. It will only apply to public universities in plaintiffs.

The federal judge said the federal government likely

has the authority to collect the data, but the demand was rolled out to universities in a “rushed and chaotic” manner “The 120-day deadline imposed by the President led directly to the failure of NCES (National Center for Education Statistics) to engage meaningfully with the institutions during the notice-and-comment process to address the multitude of problems presented by the new requirements,” Saylor wrote.

President Donald Trump ordered the data collection in August after he raised concerns that colleges and universities were using per-

sonal statements and other proxies to consider race, which he views as illegal discrimination.

In 2023, the Supreme Court ruled against the use of affirmative action in admissions but said colleges could still consider how race has shaped students’ lives if applicants share that information in their admissions essays.

The states argue the data collection risks invading student privacy and leading to baseless investigations of colleges and universities. They also argued that universities have not been given enough time to collect the data.

Colleges

BY JOCELYN GECKER AP education writer

The assignment involves no laptop, no chatbot and no technology of any kind. In fact, there’s no pen or paper either

Instead, students in Chris Schaffer’s biomedical engineering class at Cornell University are required to speak directly to an instructor in what he calls an “oral defense.”

It’s a testing method as old as Socrates and making a comeback in the AI age. A growing number of college professors say they are turning to oral exams, and combining a variety of old-fashioned and cutting-edge techniques to help address a crisis in higher education.

“You won’t be able to AI your way through an oral exam,” says Schaffer, who introduced the oral defense last semester

Educators are no longer naively wondering if students will use generative AI to do their homework for them. A big question now is how to determine what students are actually learning.

College instructors across the U.S. are noticing troubling new trends as generative artificial intelligence becomes more sophisticated. Take-home essays and other written assignments are coming back perfect. But when students are asked to explain their work they can’t. The long-term impact of AI use on critical thinking remains to be seen, but educators worry that students increasingly see the hard work of thinking as optional.

In-person tests

At the University of Pennsylvania, Emily Hammer, an associate professor of Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures, now pairs oral exams with written papers in her seminar classes

“It comes across as if we’re trying to prevent cheating,” Hammer

EDUCATION

turning to oral exams to combat AI

says. “That’s not why we’re doing this We’re doing this because students are actually losing skills, losing cognitive capacity and creativity.”

Hammer forbids AI use on all writing assignments but tells her class she knows she can’t enforce that. However, if they haven’t written their papers themselves, defending the material face-to-face will likely be “a very stressful situation.”

Hammer’s class is part of “a massive shift toward in-person assessments,” both written and oral, at Penn says Bruce Lenthall, executive director of the school’s Center for Teaching and Learning.

The Ivy League school is one of a small but growing number of universities that have started running faculty workshops on oral exams.

Oral exams are not traditionally part of the modern American undergraduate system, unlike certain European universities. For instance, in the Oxbridge tutorial system in England, students meet faculty for weekly discussions

Some U.S. colleges saw a move toward oral exams during the COVID-19 pandemic to address concerns about online cheating, and interest has intensified since the launch of ChatGPT in 2022. During the pandemic, engineer-

ing professor Huihui Qi launched a three-year study at the University of California, San Diego on how to scale oral exams. Several universities have since invited her to provide faculty workshops or discuss her research.

Fight ‘fire with fire’

At New York University, several types of oral assessments are on the rise. More faculty are requiring office hours, assigning presentations and cold-calling on students in class. Instructors are saying, “I need to look my students in the eye and ask, ‘Do you know this material?’” says Clay Shirky, vice provost for AI and technology in education.

One NYU professor has put a modern spin on the traditional oral test.

Panos Ipeirotis, a professor at NYU’s Stern School of Business, unveiled an AI-powered oral exam last semester for the final exam in a class on AI product management. He calls it “fighting fire with fire.”

Students log in from home at any time that fits their schedule.

A voice cloned from a business school professor greets them.

“Hi there,” says the voice on their screen. It asks for the student’s name and school ID number and then says, “I’m ready to con-

duct your exam today.”

The chatbot starts with questions about a final group project and drills into details based on each student’s answers. If the student stumbles, the AI agent gives them clues, along with criticism and positive feedback Ipeirotis grades the exams separately, also with the help of AI.

“We wanted to check: Do you know what your team did? Were you a free rider? Did you outsource everything to AI?” says Ipeirotis, who designed the tool with ElevenLabs, a company that develops generative AI voice agents to conduct job interviews.

Students in the class this semester are redesigning the AI agent to smooth out some kinks, and Ipeirotis plans to use it in all his future classes.

“I want oral exams everywhere now I want to pair it with every single written assignment,” says Ipeirotis. “I don’t trust written assignments anymore to be the result of actual thinking.”

Feedback from students last semester was mixed.

Business major Andrea Liu found the chatbot’s voice to be surprisingly human, but the conversation felt choppy with odd pauses It asked multiple questions at once, which was confusing. And it was jarring to hear a voice but not see a person.

“It felt kind of awkward to be talking to what was pretty much a blank screen,” says Liu, 21.

But, she agreed with worried educators: “There is no perfect world where AI exists and kids are not abusing it.”

Schools see benefits Across the humanities and STEM disciplines, like computer science, educators worry that students who skip the mental struggle that is necessary for problem solving won’t develop the skills they need to advance in upper-level classes and careers.

That’s why Schaffer the Cornell professor, introduced the oral defense in his biomedical engineer-

ing class. He requires students to sign up for 20-minute sessions of Socratic-style questioning after submitting written problem sets, which are assigned several times each semester With a class of 70 students, Schaffer splits the job with his teaching assistants. They no longer grade the written problem sets, just the oral defenses. He calls it “incentivizing” his students to do the work, or at least understand it enough to explain.

Schaffer’s class is highlighted in a new “Oral Assessment Workshop” offered by Cornell’s Center for Teaching Innovation.

Other examples at Cornell: a religious studies professor who now holds 30-minute “final conversations” with students instead of a final exam; and another engineering course where the professor gives four-minute mock interviews to each student in a 180-person class.

Skeptics point out oral exams can be unsettling for students who are shy or have serious anxiety, but clarifying the format ahead of time and starting with softball questions can help, says Carolyn Aslan, who leads Cornell’s oral exam training.

“Sometimes it’s actually good to get that quiet student one-on-one, and you finally get to hear from them. Sometimes that is the breakthrough,” Aslan says.

Several of Schaffer’s students say they felt nervous at first but ended up preferring the oral exam.

“I honestly liked it a lot,” says Cornell junior Olivia Piserchia, a biomedical engineering major She initially found the oral defense nerve-wracking but came to value the one-on-one time with instructors. It kept her from feeling lost in a large class and helped her build the skill of articulating her technical knowledge, as she would need to in a job.

“Having that live check-in holds you accountable,” says Piserchia. “It’s a lot harder to look people in the eyes and say out loud, ‘I don’t know this.’ And, that makes you realize, ‘I should study this.’”

LOUISIANAPOLITICS

1800sLa. lawyer hasroleinbirthrightcitizenship case

19th-century

St.Martinville native’s writingsare cited

WASHINGTON —U.S. Supreme Court justices are considering two cases that could changelongestablished constitutional interpretations concerning race —and Louisiana plays an integral role in both

Mark Ballard

The first is the challengetothe configuration of Baton Rouge Democratic U.S. Rep. Cleo Field’s congressional district that could gut the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which opened thedoors for minorities to vote and for minority candidates to have ashotatholding elected office.

The second case was argued Wednesday,inwhich President Donald Trump’sadministration is seeking to eliminate the provision that grants U.S. citizenship to nearly all children born on American soil to immigrantparents. Trump attended that hearing in person, highlighting the importance he puts on the case.

To support its position before the nine justices, the Trump administration has cited the 19th-century legal writingsof Louisiana lawyer Alexander Porter Morse, aSt. Martinville native and Confederate officer in Louisiana’s1st Cavalry,formed in Baton Rouge. He became alawyerin1872.

Morse wrote in legal treatises that allowing Black people to vote was a“danger to the republic as a result of the indiscriminateextensionofthe franchise to ignorant and unqualified masses.”

Morse represented Judge HowardFerguson in the seminal 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson case that led to

Bill would change governor term limits

John Bel Edwards

The Louisiana Legislature is considering abill that would ask voters to amend the state constitution to set a limit of two terms for governors —instead of the current limit of two consecutive terms. The change would block former Gov.John Bel Edwards, aDemocrat, from seeking theoffice again in the future. After serving two terms from 2016 to 2024, Edwards was barred from running again in 2023. But, under the current rules, he would be allowed to run again in 2027.

Bayham

House Bill 225, by Rep. Mike Bayham, R-Chalmette, would change the limit to two terms outright.The bill passed out of the Committee on House and Governmental Affairs on an 11-2 vote, and now is set for ahearing in the House Committee on Civil Law and Procedure.

thecodification of the “separate but equal”doctrineand to racially restrictingJim Crow laws.

He also helped represent SamuelTilden in negotiations over the disputed1876 presidential election.Rutherford B. Hayes was declared the winner andremoved federal troops that had been enforcing racial equity in theSouth.

Trump v. Barbara seeks to changethe Citizenship Clause of the14th Amendment —ratified in 1868 to overturn the Supreme Court’s 1858 Dred ScottDecision that deniedcitizenship to Black people

Theamendmentstated,inpart, “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of theUnited States,” ensur-

Only one Louisiana governor haseverservedfor morethan two terms: Edwin Edwards, who was elected in 1972, 1976, 1983 and1991.

Theproposed constitutional amendment would be similartothe 22th

Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.That change, approved byCongress in 1947 and ratified by the states in 1951, set alimit of two terms for U.S.presidents. Beforethat amendment was ratified, only President FranklinD.Roosevelt hadserved more than two terms;hewas elected four times

Legislatureseeks to clarifymachine voting

ing the children of newly emancipated enslaved people would share therights and privileges of all Americans.

On thefirst day of his second term, Trumpissued an executive order denying citizenship to children born in theU.S. to parents here illegally and tothose on work, study or tourism visas.

Trumpsays the birthright clause was directed solely to theenslaved but has since been interpreted too broadly.Congressional Republicans have filed bills each year since 1991 seeking to restrict theclause. None have gained traction.

The Supreme Court in 1898 ruled that Wong Kim Ark, aman born to Chinese immigrants in San Francisco, was aU.S. citizen.

Capitol Buzz STAFF REPORTS

After arecentcontroversy over how city councils, school boards andother government bodies voteduring their meetings, bills advancinginthe Louisiana Legislature would explicitly allow the use of votingmachines

Many public bodies already use the machines, which tally how their members voteand publicly display them. Butthat practice recently came under scrutiny after Attorney General Liz Murrill’soffice challenged a

resolution that the Caddo Parish Commission presented to U.S. Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., when he visited Shreveport. Amongother arguments, Murrill’soffice saidavote was invalid becauseitwas made using amachine, andthe state’sopen meetings law requires that votes be conducted “viva voce” meaning by voice. That argument stirred confusion among public bodies throughout thestate that used voting machines Twodifferent bills, one in the House and one in the Senate, would specifically allow votes using electronic machines that publicly display their results.

SenateBill 1, by Sen. Sam Jenkins, D-Shreveport, passed theSenate without opposition on Tuesday and will now be considered by theHouse. On thesame day,House Bill 73, by Rep.Tony Bacala, R-Prairieville, passed unanimously out of the committee on House and Governmental Affairs.

Congress in 1940 and again in 1952 put birthright citizenship into law using the same“subject to thejurisdiction”language as the14th Amendment.

In theadministration’scourt filings and during Wednesday’sSupremeCourt arguments, Solicitor General D. John Sauer contended that “subject to the jurisdiction thereof” meansaparent whoisalready aU.S. citizen and not tied to another country.Congress didn’t intend to extend U.S. citizenship to immigrants’ babies when debating theCitizenship Clause in the1860s, he said.

In their “friend of the court” brief supporting Trump’sposition, U.S. Sen. TedCruz, R-Texas, and U.S. Rep. Jim Jordan, R-Ohio, also quoted from Morse’s1881 “A Treatise on Citizenship,” saying foreigners are “subject to the jurisdiction of the United States only to alimited extent,” and thus their children would not be citizens.

In their friend-of-the-court brief,the Chinese American Legal Defense Alliance countered that the writings of Morse and the other two scholars were“a racist and increasingly hostile opposition to Chinese people in the United States” that preceded the 1898 Wong KimArk case.

The Washington Post first reported the Trumpadministration’suse of Morse. The White House defends its position, with spokeswoman Abigail Jackson telling the Post the case is about restoring the Citizenship Clause to its “original public meaning.”

But critics say the TrumpAdministration’sarguments misread morethan 100 years of established law

“Grasping forarguments, Trump’slawyers landed on this: The 14th Amendment’s‘one pervading purpose’ wastoprotect the children of former slaves, not anyone else,” wrote Michael Waldman of the Brennan Center forJustice in New York. “That reading puts aside the clear language of the amendment, along with acentury and ahalf of history and tradition. It’s historical fanfiction, designed to appeal to an ‘originalist’ court.”

The high court likely will release its decision in June or July Email Mark Ballard at mballard@theadvocate.com.

Sauer used the writings of Morse and twoother contemporary legal scholars to demonstratewhat commentators at the time understood the amendment to mean Morse wrote in 1881: “The words ‘subject to the jurisdiction thereof’exclude the children of foreigners.”

La. could add citizenship marker to driver’slicenses

Louisiana driver’slicenses could soon indicate holders’ citizenship status under abill that passed the state House along party lines on Monday.

House Bill 613 by state Rep. Dodie Horton,RHaughton, would requirethe Office of Motor Vehicles to put an image of an eagle in flight on each driver’slicense it issues to aUnitedStates citizen.

Horton said the symbolwould be apoint of pride and that it would help prevent naturalized citizens from being profiled.

“I think it’simportant to have that designation” so folks who have become citizens “don’thave to prove it over andover again,” Horton said.

ButDemocrats worriedthe distinction could prompt law enforcement officers to target noncitizens.

The proposal comes amid heightened tensions over President Donald Trump’shard-line immigrationpolicies.

In theirpush to deport im-

migrants in recordnumbers, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcementand other law enforcement officials have been accusedofracial profiling. Immigrants with legal status andevenUnitedStatescitizens have been caught in the dragnet.

During debate on the House floor,state Rep. Edmond Jordan, D-Baton Rouge, said it was naïve to think including citizenship markersonLouisiana driver’slicenses wouldn’tmake immigrants vulnerable to harassment.

“They’re going to lock youup andask questions later,”Jordan said. “This is anothermeansof harassment, andwedon’t need that.”

State Rep. Kyle Green, aDemocrat from Marrero, questioned the necessity of HB613. Drivers must showproof that theyare in the United States legally to acquire Real IDs, he said.

The House passed the bill 7129. It needs approval from the Senate before it heads to Gov JeffLandry’sdesk.

THE GULF COAST

Powered paragliding creating a buzz on the beach

Pilot coasting the coast paramotoring

BY MARTHA SANCHEZ Staff writer

On the beach beside his home, Robbie Cole straps a 70-pound engine to his back, runs to inflate his paraglider and starts soaring high above Mississippi’s coastline.

“It’s incredibly liberating,” Cole, an airline pilot, said as he studied the waves one recent day in Pass Christian, Mississippi. “It is a feeling like no other.”

The sport, called paramotoring or powered paragliding, is luring pilots from around the South to Gulf Coast beaches for picturesque views and pristine flying conditions. It is also growing fast across the country

The pastime is creating a stir Local governments are weighing new rules about where paramotor pilots can fly Attendance has risen so much at one paramotor event in Georgia that organizers recently announced the gathering would end because it has outgrown its venue.

Aviation groups estimate there are now 30,000 paramotor pilots flying across the world.

On the Gulf Coast, public knowledge of the sport is growing as the region’s population rises and tourism increases. Cole met many new pilots last summer and expects more will arrive in Pass Christian this year as the weather starts warming.

Some Florida Panhandle instructors are even considering marketing tandem flights to growing crowds of visitors.

Beachgoers are filming pilots and posting their own videos to social media in awe. Others are complaining about loud, low-flying motors.

“We think it’s the coolest thing ever, but there are people on the beach going ‘Dude, I’m on vacation, leave me alone,” said Danny DeWitt, an insurance adjuster and powered paragliding instructor in Pensacola Beach, Florida. “We have to guard against that, and not annoy people.”

Robbie Cole, a pilot, began flying in Pass Christian, Miss., several years ago and is meeting more pilots who visit the coast to enjoy flying conditions.

Pilots say the Gulf Coast’s appeal is significant. The air is warm enough to fly almost year-round. If

a motor malfunctions, pilots can glide to safety on sand instead of careening toward buildings or forests.

Inland pilots often fly in the early morning and evenings when the winds are less turbulent. But pilots on the Gulf Coast can usually launch any time of day because of the smooth breeze blowing off the water

“There are no bumps,” said Jayson Calton, an instructor in northeast Mississippi who sometimes brings students to train on the coast. “It’s like being on the smoothest blacktop you’ve ever drove on.”

The sport requires precise knowledge of weather, aerodynamics and federal regulations.

Flights can go wrong quickly

A pilot in Florida nearly tumbled from 5,000 feet in the air in Janu-

ary after several lines snapped on her paraglider and forced her to unfurl a backup. Firefighters rescued another pilot last November who was stuck in a 50-foot palm tree in southern California. Incident reports from the U.S Powered Paragliding Association list several recent fatal crashes and dozens more near-tragedies.

Still, pilots say safety is increasing and technology on motors and paragliders is advancing.

The sport draws many pilots with military and airline backgrounds, but is also attracting newcomers with no aviation experience.

Training and equipment usually cost new pilots several thousand dollars.

“It is pretty much the cheapest form of aviation,” said Dalton Lindsay, a Baton Rouge-based pilot who flies near Bay St. Louis, Mississippi, a few times each year “If you want to do it, you can.”

Pilots describe the experience as relaxing, freeing and consuming. They monitor winds and weather like surfers watch waves. In Florida, they sometimes see sharks in the clear water.

“All my life in my dreams, in the middle of the night, I dream sometimes that I’m flying,” said Neal Smith from Montgomery, Alabama. He has been flying in Pensacola Beach for more than a decade and has the phrase “live for the thrill” tattooed across his biceps.

“When I finally took up paramotor flying years ago,” he said, “it’s kind of close to the dreams that I would have.”

Cole began flying in Pass Christian a few years ago after he drove along the beach highway one day and noticed a group of paramotor pilots. He pulled over and watched them fly for half an hour Then he went home and started watching flights on YouTube.

“I was intrigued,” he said. “I was just totally caught up in it. The more videos I watched, the more I wanted to do it.”

Women take pride in Holy Week roles after exclusion in Spain

One Spanish Catholic brotherhood’s procession barred them

BY MANU FERNANDEZ and GIOVANNA DELL’ORTO Associated Press

MONTORO, Spain One religious brotherhood’s refusal to include women in its Holy Week procession has made front-page news in Spain, whose Easter-time festivities dating back centuries are among the most fervently celebrated in the world.

The exclusion is the exception in the Catholic processions that have been unfolding across the country They vary from hourslong versions that attract tens of thousands of faithful and tourists in major cities like Seville to village affairs that speak more intimately to family and tradition.

There was indignation at the controversy unfolding in Sagunto, where a majority of the Puríssima Sang de Nostre Senyor Jesucrist brotherhood’s members voted to exclude women and said their decision was based on “respect for tradition.” The news triggered protests from the government as well as in the streets.

Holy Week processions in Spain are elaborate affairs that take months to prepare, peaking in the early hours of Good Friday, one of

the most solemn days.

Brotherhoods organize the groups that for hours carry the heavy floats with statues, sometimes up to half a dozen of them representing scenes from the Gospels’ accounts of Jesus’ passion and death, like Judas’ betraying kiss on the Mount of Olives.

Women are sometimes “portadoras,” carrying the floats on their shoulders.

In Baena, a hilltop hamlet of whitewashed homes among Andalusia’s olive groves, eyelashes lushly covered in mascara were seen through the purple hoods of women carrying a flower-decked float with a statue of Jesus in prayer

In Montoro, another village in the same province of Córdoba, a member of a local brotherhood said men and women should have equal roles, especially since the sacred images carried in procession include both the Virgin Mary and Jesus.

“In my house I have three daughters, with my wife that’s four, and with me we’re five — and the whole family takes part,” added Ricardo Ruano, who on Holy Thursday was a “costalero,” one of the robed people carrying large floats on the base of their neck.

“We wait for this the whole year, because it’s our favorite.”

Several “portadoras” in Montoro said they were indignant at the controversy in Sagunto.

“We as women have the same right

as a man to go out in the procession,” said one, Rosa de la Cruz. “We don’t go in a procession so that people look at us, we participate so that they see the image.”

Many in the village devoted their Holy Week prayers to the victims of a devastating train accident outside a nearby town that killed nearly four dozen people in January

Even as Spain, like most of Europe, is increasingly secular, interest keeps growing in participating in procession roles, said Juan Carlos González Faraco, a University of Huelva professor. He has studied religious traditions in Andalusia, including the El Rocío pilgrimage at the end of the Easter season.

Historically male, brotherhoods have been including women in both leadership and processional roles for decades, he added. That’s especially true in the lines of often hooded “penitents” who march alongside the floats, though some of the heaviest floats are still carried only by men.

In Montoro, Mari Carmen Lopez said physical strength might vary, but men and women share the same feeling.

“We go with faith, with devotion, with all our hearts,” she said as her brotherhood’s float made its way through the village’s uphill alleys Men who disregard that, she added, “don’t realize they were born of a woman.”

Collapse of Tokyo’s cherry blossom trees raises safety concerns

MARI YAMAGUCHI and MAYUKO ONO Associated Press

TOKYO Many of Tokyo’s popular and iconic Somei Yoshino cherry blossom trees were planted during Japan’s postwar advancement in the 1960s, and are now getting old and frail.

Some have fallen and many others require support, triggering safety concern as the Japanese celebrate the season of their favorite flower

Two cherry blossom trees collapsed on Thursday, one at Kinuta Park in downtown Tokyo and the other at the Chidorigafuchi greenway The one in Kinuta Park damaged a fence while the other tree almost fell into the Imperial Palace moat, though nobody was injured.

The tree in Kinuta Park was 59 feet tall and 8.2 feet in diameter. It was among the oldest, believed to be more than 60 years old, officials said In March another old cherry tree collapsed at the park, injuring a passerby

Last year, 85 trees fell in Tokyo parks, injuring three people, and many were cherry trees, according to Masakazu Noguchi, a Tokyo metropolitan official in charge of public parks.

People gather under the trees during the season of hanami, or cherry blossom viewing, and the collapse of trees has alarmed officials in Tokyo, the birthplace of the cherry blossom variety Tokyo assembly member Yutaka Kazama expressed concern on social media last month that “cherry blossom trees with their roots partially exposed or obviously rotten (at Kinuta park) seem dangerous,” calling for firm safety measures but without quickly resorting to tree felling.

Aging and erosion by internal fungus growth are among

the main causes for the deterioration of the cherry blossom trees.

A tree doctor, Hiroyuki Wada, said heavy tilting, holes or mushrooms growing at the bottom are signs to look for in order to avoid risk-prone trees. Risks increase when tree trunks retain water after rain, he said.

“Many trees in our daily lives were planted soon after the war and are now 70-80 years old and getting weaker,” he said, adding that they are affected by extreme heat in the summer and an extensive dry season.

“I hope people think about the climate change through what’s happening to the cherry blossom trees, which is very symbolic,” he said.

Following the March incidents, officials conducted tree health checks at Tokyo’s main parks ahead of the cherry blossom viewing season. At the Kinuta Park, officials have conducted preliminary inspections of more than 800 cherry trees. They chopped down a number of trees and posted warning signs near some trees but the tree that fell Thursday was without caution signs.

“At the moment, our measures are mostly temporary, not fundamental steps such as replanting,” Noguchi said.

“We call on visitors to use caution because we cannot say it’s safe even after inspection.”

At the Inokashira Park, one of Tokyo’s most popular viewing spots, dozens of aging cherry blossom trees or their branches have been chopped down in recent years as part of a safe tree regeneration plan and for safety Some people lamented on social media the empty spaces around a pond that used to be seamlessly encircled by flowering pink blossoms.

Eyesurgery marathon restores sightfor SouthAfricans

BY MICHELLEGUMEDE Associated Press

TSAKANE, South Africa Gladys Khozahad missed being able to see her family.Not because they couldn’tvisit, but because the 84-year-old had vision problems

Now that has changed. Khoza is one of 133 people whose sight wasrestored during a“marathon” of free cataract surgeries conducted by doctors in South Africa at two hospitals over two weekends last month.

“Wow!” adelightedKhoza whispered as anursepeeled back abandage aday after her operation, and the world came back into view

“Can you see me?” the nurse asked. “Very well,” Khoza replied, abig grin on her face.

Patients in South Africa’s public health service can be on waiting lists for years for the simple 15- to 20-minute cataract operation. Officials said someofthose who were selected from hospital waiting lists for the surgeries had been waiting since 2019 to see properlyagain

Cataractsare acommon, often age-related condition in which the eye’slens becomes clouded,and they are theleadingcause of curable blindness.The surgeriesinsert anew artificial lens.

For Khoza, who said she couldn’tsee anything out of one eye because of acataract and had long hadissues

with theother,the simple surgery equatestoamajor boost for her qualityoflife.

“I just wanted to be able to see,” she said. Now, after nearlya year of waiting, some of herfavoritethings —seeingloved ones, reading herBible andwatching late-night soap operas —are all possible again.

Dr.Tebogo Fakude, one of

the doctors who volunteered to perform theoperations at two regional hospitals near Johannesburg, said his mother was blind and that having sight restored is “beautiful.”

“It’sbeautiful because it alleviates depression,” Fakude saidadding that the sense of being aburden was also eased.

Globally,more than 2billion people suffer from some kind of vision impairment, according to the World HealthOrganization. For half of them, theproblem could have been prevented, or they are still waiting for treatment.

Nearly 100 million people are affected by cataracts, and half of them still need accesstosurgery, according to theWHO In Africa, that figure rises to 75% of people without surgery,according to a studypublished in March

by the Lancet medical journal.Surgerybacklogsare a significant problem in South Africa, where governmentrun hospitals serve more thanthree-quartersofthe population of 62 millionpeople. Limited resources mean emergency procedures and more serious operations are prioritized over elective surgery

The Health Departmentled surgical marathons were first staged on Mandela Day in 2023 to commemorate the legacy of the country’s first Black president, Nelson Mandela.Theyhave developedinto apublic-private partnership that takes place severaltimesa year to increase access to care.

The ministry has vowed to use surgical marathons as a meansofeliminatingbacklogs. Previous ones have addressed prostate, cleftpalate and stomach issues.

Cataractsbecame the lat-

est focus. Around 300,000 new cases are diagnosed every year in South Africa, Fakude said.

Health groups say South Africa faces abacklog of over 240,000 people waiting for cataract operations. Over 35,000 peopleinthe most populous province of Gauteng —where the surgery marathon was performed —have cataractrelated blindness. WHO says eyecataract operations are “one of the most cost-effective medical procedures,” anda powerfultool to restore someone’s independence, dignity and opportunities.

During the three-day surgery marathon at Pholosong Regional Hospital, anew patient was brought into the operating theater about every 30 minutes. Soothing gospelmusic playedon speakers to keep up doctors’ morale.

BY MATTHEW LEE AP diplomatic writer

WASHINGTON The Trump administration has revoked the green cards or U.S. visas of at least four Iranian nationals connected to the current or former Iranian government, including two who have been detained by immigration authoritiesand are to be deported. The latest actions were taken just this week when Secretary of State Marco Rubio determined they were no longer eligible for either lawful permanent resident status, or to enter the United States The steps follow amove late lastyear in which the visas of several diplomats and staffers at Iran’smissionto the United Nations were also revoked.

In astatementonSaturday, the State Department said the niece and grandniece of former Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps chief Qassem Soleimani, who was killedina U.S.airstrikenear theBaghdad airport in2020, had been arrestedlateFriday by immigration agents after Rubio revoked their green cards “Hamideh Soleimani Afshar and her daughterare nowinthe custodyofU.S. Immigration andCustoms Enforcement,”the statement said, adding that Afshar’s husband hasalso been bannedfrom enteringthe

United States Afsharand her daughter hadbeenlivinga “lavish lifestyle”inLos Angeles for many yearswhile supporting theIranian government and anti-American attacks, according to thestatement. She is “an outspoken supporter of the Iranian regime who celebrated attacks on Americansand referred to ourcountry as the“Great Satan,” Rubio said in apost on X. “The Trump administration will not allow our country tobecomeahome for foreign nationals who support anti-American terrorist regimes.” The Iranianmissiontothe U.N. hadnocommentSaturday

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NOLA.COM | Sunday, april 5, 2026 1Bn

STAFF PHOTOSByCHRISGRANGER

Michael Sawaya,president and CEO of the Audubon Nature Institute in NewOrleans, takes in thesceneryinthe new riverfront park atopthe old Gov. Nicholls Street Wharf on Monday.

REIMAGINING THERIVERFRONT

AudubonNatureInstitute to cutthe ribbon on anew park Tuesday, creating adestination forresidents,tourists

BY STEPHANIE RIEGEL Staff writer

Strolling through the newly extended Moonwalk last weekalong the Mississippi River,Audubon Nature Insti-

tute CEO Michael Sawaya, normally areserved leader of one of the city’s biggest touristattractions,was almost giddy with enthusiasm for the park he was touring.

The downtown skyline wasbehind him as he lookedout ontothe river. A paddle wheel riverboat full of tourists came around the bend,asifoncue.

He joked about the worms that were broughtintohelpthe sodon two expansive lawns. And he talked about the possibilities for the new park, which will open ahistorically industrial section of New Orleans’ downtownriverfront toresidents and visitors.

“Nobody has ever seen the skyline from this vantagepoint before,” said Sawaya. “This is an opportunitylike nothing we’ve ever seen before. It gets us in the game in anew way.” Built on the site of theformer Gov Nicholls Street Wharf, the 6.3-acre linear park includes two landscaped plazas, two lawns,aplayground, a covered entertainmentarea andthe extended Moonwalk, which connects the French Quarteronone sideto Crescent Park in Bywater

It’sthe first of two phases of what has been named Goldring Woldenberg Park and will eventually expand to include the old Esplanade Avenue Wharf as well.

Aftermorethan adecadeofplan-

ning and $30 million,Sawaya on Tuesdaywill cut the ribbononthe new park, introducing theworld to New Orleans’ latest attraction on the banks of theMississippi.

“Thisisaqualityoflife improvementthatthis cityhas givenus,” Sawaya said.“Everybodyhas talked about it foralong time. It’shardto believeitisfinally here.”

WhileSawayawillget to preside over thefestivities, it was his predecessor,Ron Forman, whofirst articulated the vision for thedowntown riverfront park —and worked at it for decades.

Thehistory of the project goes back much further than manyrealize. Forman recalls having the first conver-

park

sations about the concept with Mayor Moon Landrieu in the1970s, when the mayorwas working on thecity’s first stretch of riverfront promenade across from Jackson Square.

Adecade later,Forman began tackling theredevelopment of the adjacent,upriver section of riverfront, then thesite of theBienville Street Wharf. In 1990, it opened as theAudubon Aquarium and Woldenberg Park. During Mayor Mitch Landrieu’sadministration in the2010s,Forman and thecity revisited the idea of extending the park downriver of theMoonwalk to include the old and largely vacant Gov.Nicholls Street andEsplanade

See RIVERFRONT, page 2B

Tammany needsmore homes, studysays

BY WILLIESWETT Staff writer

If it hopes to keep pace withpopulationand jobgrowth,St. TammanyParish should addup to 17,300 new homes in the next four years, asignificant increase over the current pace of home construction, anew parish housing study shows. The study,commissioned by parish government, comes as new U.S. census data shows that while New Orleanslostpopulation for the fourth time in five yearsin2025, St. Tammany gained 1,400 people last year.The housing study says that11,500-17,300 newhomesshould be built by 2030. Also, as homebuyers relocatefromNew Orleans or Jefferson Parish to the northshore, some find theirpurchasing power doesn’tstretch as far as they expected,according to theparish study,whichalso found that at least aquarter of households in St. Tammany are struggling to find affordable housing.

While parish economic development officials have foryears talkedabout theneedfor more affordable housing across St. Tammany,attemptsbyhomebuilders to increasethe pace of construction have sometimes been met with consternationfromcurrent residents, many of whomvoice concerns ranging from alack of infrastructure to support additional homes to a loss of St. Tammany’shistorically rural feel.

The housing study,compiledbyconsultants andpresented to the Parish Council last month, found thatthe numberofnew homes built in St. Tammany had failed to keep up with growing demand sinceHurricaneKatrina in 2005 andthe COVID-19 pandemic nearly 15 yearslater

The parish’spopulationincreased by 46,609 between 2010 and2025, and is currently 280,355, the study said. It’sexpected to be just under 300,000 by 2030. Jobsare expected to grow by 4,200 by 2030.

Russell Richardson, the CEO of St. Tammany Economic Development Corporation, said housing frequently comes up in discussions with employers in the parish.

“When it comes time to think abouthiring andretaining workers, they wanttoknow how far away do thoseworkers live and is it affordable for them to live in the area of where that workplace is,” he said.

“It’snot abig surprise, knowing the growth we’ve had as aparish, but now it’suptousto collectively andvery collaboratively respond to that,” Richardson said.

New rental units for senior citizens and those making less than $50,000 annually are especially needed, the study said. The study found that renters make up 23%ofoccupied homes in the parish, compared to 39.6% in Jefferson Parish andthe state average of 34.3%.

The lack of cheap rentals in the parish is impacting retention andrecruiting in the parish’s largest industry,the health care and social assistance sector,whichthe study said employed 15,537 people in 2025.

“I knowthata lotofour workers come in from Mississippi because you can live cheaper over there,” said Walter“Dub” Lane, acommissioner on the board that oversees Slidell Memorial Hospital.

The study said workers are also leaving for

Studyexaminesworsening riversaltintrusion

channel,itreveals

BY MIKE SMITH Staff writer

New modelingisdeepening understanding of why saltwater intrusion up theMississippi River hasworsenedinrecentyears, pointing to apreviouslyunderestimated factorasthe primary cause and raising questions over how drinking water can be protected in the future.

The study of river dynamics by TulaneUniversity researchers shows that crevasses, or breaks in the lower Mississippi’sbanks, are the main factor in the recent worseningofsaltwater intrusion, which can threaten drinking water for vast areas of southeast Louisiana, includingNew Orleans. Sealevel rise and thedeepening of the river for shipping purposes have also contributed, but the crevasses locatedinPlaquemines Parish south of wherethe main levee system ends are by far the primary cause because of the way they slow the current in the main channel, thestudy shows.

The findings are in line with preliminary assessments from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, which is engaged in its own threeyear study of the phenomenon, but dealing with the problem posesa series of difficult questions related to coastal landloss,shipping and infrastructure. The deepening of the lower river through large-scale dredging to accommodate biggervessels has longbeen acknowledged as a factor in exacerbatingsaltwater intrusion, and that has spurred assumptionsthatthoseprojects have been themain cause of therecent worsening. The new modelingdis-

putes that. “Deepeningshould not be considered as the main issue here,” said Ahmed Khalifa, the lead author of the new study published in the peer-reviewed journalEstuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science.

“Definitelyweshowed that it has some part …but notasmuchas, for example, sea level rise or closing any of the passes.” Yetclosing allthe crevasses or passes, is not seen as aviable option, and the Tulane research team, led by Ehab Meselhe, is also examiningpotential nature-based solutions.

They have presented their find-

ings to theCorps, whose data was employedinthe modeling. The Corps is taking an extensive look on its own, even building aphysical model of the lower river at its Vicksburg, Mississippi, research center,saidspokesman Ricky Boyett.

Theresearch is vital as the region grapples with how to ensure safe drinking waterand avoidthe corrosion of infrastructure well into the future. Climate changerelated effects, particularly sea level rise and increased drought in the Mississippi River basin, are

neighboring parishes like Tangipahoa, where the median home sales price be twe e n Februa ry 2025 and February 2026 was $264,950, compared to $290,555 in St. Tammany,according to the most recently available data from the New Orleans Metropolitan Association of Realtors.

In 2022, 43% of all St. Tammany workers commuted from outside the parish, the study said. Health care workers who make $15 to $20per hour tendto commute from outside the parishbecause of alack of rentals priced between $800 and $1,000 amonth, the study said, based on information from parish employers.

“If we’re going to solve our affordability problem, it’sgot to be achange in policy,” said Lane, who is also a health care economist at the University of New Orleans.

“Welike these big lots, but people working minimum wage can’tafford those types of lots.”

Of thenew homes that are builtby2030, 70%to77% of them shouldberentals,the study recommended. Currently,78% of the parish’s homes are detached, singlefamily homes, the study said.

And while the parish issued 1,491 new residential constructionpermits per year from 2010-2024, it should aim for 2,300 to 3,460 per year,the study said. That would require processing 54% to 132% more residentialpermits peryear than were processed each of the past 15 years,the study said.

At the same time,the study recommended stricter regulations in flood-prone areas, similar to the coastal resilience zoning that the parish implementedsouth of U.S. 190 between Mandeville and Slidell last year

The study’srecommendation to build more housing at afaster rate is sure to spark controversy

Residentsregularly show up to parish meetings to oppose new housing developments, arguing that the parish’sinfrastructure has not kept up with development and caused traffic and flooding. Community groups like ”Keep Bush Rural” have

cropped up in opposition to proposed growth.

Parish Council members, in turn,havebeenwaryto approve new housing inrecent years, at times passing moratoriums on some new construction in their areas.

Council member Kathy Seiden, who headed theparish’sEconomic Development Work group that spearheaded the study,said shethought thestudy should not be interpreted as acall to immediately start building more, butasa waytohelp theparishdevelop thoughtful policy

“Wedidn’tget this way overnight, and it’snot going to be aquick fix, but I do thinkthisisareally good start,” said Seiden, who represents awestern St. Tammany district that has seen growthinrecent years.

“My biggest takeaway wasthe need forstarter homesfor our first responders, ournurses, our teachers,” she said.

Thestudy,which was conductedbyLagniappe Planning Services and Community Development Strategies and AlexandraMiller Consulting,based its findings on demographic and economicdata, interviews with property managers and employers, and asurveyofparishresidents and workers.

The parishisnow forming ahousing task force that will include council members,planning and zoning commissioners, the parish administration andthe St Tammany EconomicDevelopment Corporation, said St. Tammany Director of Planning and Development

Ross Liner

Liner pointed to recent changes tothe parish’szoning code thathethinks will allow more construction, including expanding where townhouses andaccessory dwellingunits can be built

But he said it might be a while, if it is even necessary,beforeany staffing changes need tobemade in his department or thepermittingoffice to process the study’srecommended thousands of new homes.

“Wedon’thave thousands of lots sittingout there ready to go,” Linersaid.

Liner also pointed to parish permitting data, which shows that construction on single-family homes in the parish peakedin2021 at 1,807. It was almost half of that —990 —in2025.

RIVERFRONT

Continuedfrom page1B

Avenue wharves.

The deal took years to cometogether.Itinvolved complicated negotiations among Audubon, thecity, thePort of New Orleans and itspublic belt railway subsidiary.Plans initially drew opposition from residents, concerned about turning thesite into abusy,loud entertainmentvenue.

COVID-19, hurricanes and interest rate increases all raisedthe price tag from $15 millionfor theconversion of both wharves to $30 million for just the first phase.

Forman, who passedthe baton to Sawaya in late 2024 and is now Audubon’s chieffundraiser,will be at the ribbon-cutting. Sawaya said he deservesthe credit for seeing it through to frui-

tion

“Ron held on because it took someonetochampion this,”hesaid. “And steer it through. Andhedid.”

For his part, Forman said he is heartened to seehis vision becomeareality

“The front porchofthe cityisnow the riverfront,” Forman said Friday.“There is really no riverfront like it in the world.”

Amenitiesand attractions

Pedestrians will be able to access theparkfrom the Moonwalk or Crescent Park, downriver,oratthe main gateonEsplanade Avenue, which is also the vehicular entrancetoa dropoff spot or 70-car parking lot.

Theriverfrontstreetcar also has astopatthe park at Ursulines Avenue.

Coming from the French Quarterupriver,the park starts with alandscaped plaza thatfeatures an obelisk, which will be lit at night, acistern that will gather rainwater for reuse, andanarray of local and nonnative species. It leadstothe covered shed,aportionofthe old warehouse, that will be called the Front Porch

SALT

Continuedfrom page1B

expected to become greater factors in thefuture.

Complexthreat

andisdesignedtoaccommodateabout 500 people It hasasmallstage,bathrooms, acommercial kitchen andspace for concessions

Audubon solicited proposals from food and beverage operators last fall to run theservice. ButSawaya said it rescinded the RFP and is now going to testseveral conceptsinthe early months of the park’snew life to figure out whatworks best

In the meantime, food trucks willserve the site from theparking lot.

Next to the shed is agreat lawn, which has been elevated more than 4feet to allow grass and newly plantedelm trees to take root sincethe entire thing is built atop aconcrete wharf. It leads to amarsh-themed playground with activities and climbing structures.

There’salso a“south lawn” withahammock village featuring more than a dozen posts for hammocks to tie up, and another plaza on thedownriver side of the lawn. The Moonwalk spans the lengthofthe park,with lighting, rails andsets of large bench swings every few yards.

“This is really apark, withalittle bit of event

ilar to howitformerly behaved before theconstruction of the vast leveesystem that keeps it in place.

The slower flow of the main channel speeds the advance of the salt intrusion.

space,” Sawaya said of the park’s first phase.“The next phase will be morecommercial with alittle bit of park.”

Sawaya estimates this first phase of theparkwill cost more than $2 milliona year to maintain. Someof that money will come from rentalsofthe front porch shed, monthly concerts and events, and acut of food and beverage sales. Some will come from sponsorships. Audubon hopes to sell naming rights on almost every square inch of the park —the lawns, the “front porch”shed, theplazas and playground.

“There arealot of opportunities, and we need to raise money,” he said.

Next phase

Sawaya hopes the first phase of theparkwill generate interest and excitement forthe second phase, whichwill involve demolishing part of the Esplanade Avenue Wharf andattracting restaurants, retailers andothercommercial ventures to help redevelopthe site At 100,000squarefeet, it is nearly 50% smaller than the Gov.Nicholls Street Wharf, but alreadySawaya estimatesitwill costat

modeling.

least $40 million, not including private funds that avenue operator or restaurant might spend. Getting thedeal done,he said, is important if New Orleansisgoing to continue to compete with other citiesfor major events and large conventions.

“Everybody we compete with for major events has adowntownwaterfront,” said Sawaya, who ran the city’sConventionCenter for sevenyearsbefore succeeding Forman at Audubon. “It’sjust part of their infrastructure, and we really haven’tdonemuchuntil now. He hopestocomplete preliminary plans for the secondphase by the end of thisyear and finalizemore detailedplans andpartnerships by the end of 2027, with construction underway in 2028 andcompleted by 2030.

After coming so far, the city and Audubon can’t quit now, Sawaya said.

“Weare helping people reinvent the identity of being ariverfront citizen,” he said. “Thathas been the visionfor this allalong.”

Email Stephanie Riegel at stephanie.riegel@ theadvocate.com.

The most prominent crevasse in recentyearsis called Neptune Pass, which at one point expanded so muchitwas diverting up to 18% of the riverinto a nearby bay and wetlands.

“We’re looking at it to, first, determine what’s causing it,ifweare appropriately mitigating for it and —ifweare and it’s stilloccurring —what are the other factors and how would one go about addressing that?” said Boyett.

vasses when theflow is low could help. The idea could potentially satisfylots of needssincethe sand would washaway once riverflows increase, building land farther downstream in the passes.

Anumberofstudiesare ongoing related to the lower riverand themanychallengesitpresents, particularly as conditions evolve underawarming climate.

The threat is acomplex one that occurs seasonally when river flowsdrop in the summer and fall. That allows salt water to move upriver from the Gulf in the shape of adoorstop, its leading edge crawling along the river bottom because it is heavier

The Corps recently constructed arock barrier to partially block Neptune, which is located across the riverfromBuras, bringing the flowdown to around 8%.

“Wedon’tnecessarily say we’re going to have all the answers at the end of themodeling. Butitmay be that modeling givesus recommendations forpilot projects that we should try out.”

‘Whatisthe potential?’

The Corps has deepened the lower river over the yearstoaccommodate the increasingsizeofoceangoing vessels, with themost recent project completed in 2022 and bringing it to a depthof50feet.

Thedetails of the Tulane modeling are revealing.

Because deepening worsens saltwater intrusion, the Corps developed aplan to mitigate it,constructing an underwater levee, or sill, along the riverbottom to slow thesaltwater’s advance when it projects that it will be necessary

Thesill hadinitiallybeen required aboutonceadecade, but it has now had to be built fouryears in a row. In 2023, initial projections showed the saltwater reaching New Orleans, setting off an emergency declaration from theWhite House and ascramble for a temporary solution to protect drinking water andrelated infrastructure.

It is not yet clear what effect thereduction of Neptune Passflow will have on saltwater intrusion since the Tulane modeling used 2023 conditions as abase. Other crevasses included in the modelingare also locatedalong the river’seast bank: Mardi Gras Pass, Bohemia Spillway,Ostrica Passand FortSt. Phillip

While shipping interests have long called for the closure of the crevasses because of the complications they create for vessels, the passes are also acting as natural river diversions, creating land the way the Mississippi used to do. That has led coastal advocates to argue for keeping themat least partially open.

Closing them could also simply lead tomore crevasses being created elsewhere sincethe river will eventually find its level.

It showed that, in 2023, sea level rise over the past three decades caused salt intrusiontoadvance about 4additional miles,while the most recent channel deepening led to a2.2-mile difference.

As forthe eastbank crevasses, the modeling showed that if all of them were closed —widely seen as impossible,but instructive forstudy purposes the salt water would have advanced 75 fewer miles. Closing only Neptune Pass andFortSt. Philip resulted in a47-mile difference, the modeling showed

TheTulane team is part of alarger project on the futureofthe river’smouth, knownasMissDelta and financed by the National Academy of Sciences.A separate look at how to deal with the crevasses is being studied by the Baton Rouge-based Water Institute, theUniversity of New Orleans, Nunez Community College in Chalmette and the California Institute of Technology In addition to theCorps three-year study of salt intrusion, it is also carrying outafive-year “megastudy” of theentirelower riverand howtomanageit, from Cape Girardeau,Missouri,tothe Gulf.

“Wealsohavetolook at it from aperspective of,‘Will there be morecrevassesin the future?Whatisthe potential?’”Boyett saidofthe Corps’ saltintrusionstudy

“We’re doing it to look to makesure we’re doing what we’re supposed to be doing. But we also need to better understand what’s happening to the river down there.”

The study also looked at whethermoving the sill to anotherlocationwould improve its effectiveness in slowing the salt water’s advance. It concluded that moving it farther downriverwould indeed work better

Thesaltwedge eventually retreated beforereaching New Orleansashighflows returnedtothe river later that year,but it servedas awake-up call forlocal officials.New Orleans Mayor Helena Morenohas raised the possibility of building aregional water treatment plant as one potential solution, but that comes with extremely high costs and wouldrequiremulti-parish coordination.

The crevasses are largely the result of natural occurrences, with the Mississippi breaking its banks in anumber of spots downriver,sim-

Themainfocusofthe $5.5 million Corps’ study, whichisinits first year,is on whether its current mitigation plansinvolving the sill remain sufficient to deal withthe effects of the deepening, saidBoyett. Butthe research could also lead to other types of projects that address the problemmore generally

TheTulane researchers note that the future effects of sealevel rise and other climate-related changes will be important. Boyett said the Corps is incorporating future conditions such as sealevel rise in its

Further,the study determined ariver level thresholdfor whenthe New Orleansareawould face a severe threat. It found that asustained flow of 125,000 cubic feet persecondinthe lower Mississippi would result in salt water overtopping the sill and advancing to NewOrleans. That level is an extreme low,but it does occuroccasionally

Onepotential solutionbeing examinedbythe Tulane team as well as the Corps is whetherbuilding sand dams in front of the cre-

Email Mike Smithat msmith@theadvocate. com.

Mark Fredric Fernandez, historian andmusician, dies

BY JOHN POPE Contributing writer

Mark Fredric Fernandez, ahistory professor who was equally at home in the classroom and on the bandstand at local music clubs, died Tu esday of brain cancer at his New Orle ans home, his family confirmed. He was 67.

Anative New Orleanian, Fernandez had been aLoyola University professor since 1992. In addition to being honored for his scholarship, Fernandezplayed guitaratlocal clubs, including Chickie WahWah, the Maple Leaf and, most recently,Le Bon Temps Roulé, where he performed on Sunday nights with the Bon Temps Boys. He also wasaboard member of the Tennessee Williams &New Orleans Literary Festival.Peggy Scott Laborde, aformer festival president, praised Fernandez’slove of music and New Orleans culture.

“He had suchalight within him. He really glowed,” she said. “He was all aroundtown, really sharing that light.”

In additiontohis academic and musical performances, he and his wife, Dione Ezell Fernandez, were renowned for the “Sunday Gras” parties they held annually on the weekend beforeFat Tuesday Fernandez graduated from Brother Martin High School. He earned bachelor’sand master’sdegrees at the University of New

Orleansand adoctorate at The College of William &Maryin Williamsburg, Virginia.

Duringmorethanthree decadesonthe Loyola faculty,Fernandez received theuniversity’shighest honor,the Dux Academicus Award, andwas named the Patricia Carlin O’Keefe Distinguished Professor of History.The Louisiana Historical Association gave himthe Garney McGinty Lifetime ServiceAward in 2023. His book “From Chaos to Continuity:Evolutionof Louisiana’sJudicial System,1712-1862” earned the Louisiana LiteraryAward from the Louisiana Library Association

Tributes have poured in to Fernandez’sFacebook page.Anthony LeBlanc,a former student, called Fernandez“thebestteacher Iever had. And one of the best humansIhave ever met. He changed the way I saw the world.”

Fernandez’spassion for musical culture was recognizedin2012, when he was named theseventh annual Woody GuthrieFellow,an accolade named for the folk-music legend. And in 2024,while Fernandez wasbattling cancer, he wasgiven theEastman Residency for the Artsand Humanities.

Survivorsinclude his wife;ason, Wesley Fernandez; abrother,Barry Fernandez; asister,Cindy Francis; and three grandchildren

Amass will be said on Wednesday at 11 a.m. in the J. Garic Schoen ChapelatJacobSchoen&Son Funeral Home, 3827 Canal St. Visitation will begin at 9a.m

At least18injured at LaoNew Year fest

Police: Driver crashed into Iberia Parish crowd

BY STEPHENMARCANTEL Staff writer

Adriver was arrested Saturday afternoon after he drunkenly drove into paradegoers at the Louisiana Lao New Year Festival, injuring more than adozen attendees of the internationally recognized festival, according to Louisiana State Police.

Todd Landry,57, of Jeanerette, was booked on counts of driving while impaired and first-degree negligent injuring, careless operation and open container,officials said. Deputies responded to the corner of Savannakhet and Melancon roads in connection with avehicle that struck multiple people attending the festivalnear Broussard, the Iberia Parish Sheriff’s Office said. During the investigation, Landry showed signs of impairment and submitted abreath sample indicating ablood alcohol level of 0.137%, according to state troopers. In Louisiana,anyone with ablood-alcohol limit of or over 0.08% is considered intoxicated. At least 18 people suffered injuries in the crash, according to State Police.

“Weare profoundly saddened by the news of the incident near thefestival grounds. We are awaiting additional detailsfrom authorities as they become available. All security resources have been redirected to the scene, and we currently do not havesecurity personnel available due to the circumstances,” festival organizers said in a statement.

“Weare praying for the victims and for their fami-

NewOrleans Area Deaths

Aguilar, Jennifer Bankston, Lou Beahm, Katherine Bryant,Olen Conway,Florance de la Houssaye,Sheila Fernandez, Mark Foto,Jacob Gelpi, Frank Geraci,Glenn Giardina,Marion Jeanfreau,Frances Kern,Vivian Kettleborough Jr., Donald Knesel III, George LeBlanc, Nolen Morales,Alex Pitre,Audrey Ray, David Taylor,Leonard Unsworth,John Williams,M Williamson, Mary WininghamJr.,George EJefferson

Garden

of Memories

Aguilar, Jennifer Giardina,Marion

Leitz-Eagan

Foto,Jacob

Neptune Society Williamson, Mary NewOrleans

Boyd Family

Taylor,Leonard

Greenwood Geraci,Glenn WininghamJr.,George JacobSchoen

liesduring this difficult time.”

Organizers said festival events, which were scheduled to takeplace through Sunday,will be canceled for the evening. Vendors would remainopenuntil 9 p.m. Only religious services and vendor operations were expected to resume on Sunday,according to festival planners.

The Lao New Year Festival, celebrating Songkran, occurs annually onEaster weekend in Lanexang Village, outside of Broussard. Thefestival, the largest such gathering in the U.S., is hostedbythe growing Lao community thathas made ahome in theCoteau area over the past 50 years.

The event hasevolved from asmall block partyin themid-1980s to asprawling event filled with religious ceremonies, dozens of food vendors, aparade, live music and abeauty pageant Louisiana officials, including Gov.Jeff Landry and Attorney General Liz Murrill, said they were praying for victims of the crash andwould offer support if needed.

“I’m praying for all those injured andimpactedby this terrible tragedy and will be following up with responding lawenforcement agencies to offer support,” Murrill said in a statement.

An investigationinto the crash is ongoing, and no other details were immediately available. Staff writer Joanna Browncontributedtothis report.

fantastic mother to her children: Christopher, Meredith, andWilliam Aguilar,and herbeloved bulldogs,Margieand Man‐ley.She is theloving daughterofJaniceDonn‐awayHeldand thelate RobertJosephHeldSr. and sistertoMelissa Held Oliver(John Oliver), Chris‐tineHeldHarper(Glenn Harper),and thelate RobertHeldJr. Jennifer is alsosurvivedbyher nieces and nephews: Libby, Sam, and Maddy Oliver and Marie,Michael,and Joseph Harper, andmanyloving cousins andfriends.Prior tobecominga mother,Jen‐nifer taught EnglishatSt. RitaofCasciaSchool in Harahan,LA. Jennifer will berememberedfor her outgoing personality, humor,laughter, sharp mind, generosity,and being agreat role model for herchildren. Sheloved spendingtimewithher family, friends, andpets, going to theGulfCoast and traveling,gardening,and being in nature.Jennifer willbedeeply missedby all who knew andloved her.A Memorial Service willbeheldonTuesday, April 7, 2026, at Garden of MemoriesFuneralHome withvisitationstartingat 12:00 noon anda Memorial Massat2:00pm. In lieu of flowers, donationsmay be madetoCENLA Alliance for Animals at www.cenlaal lianceforanimals.comor Ochsner Health at www ochsner.org.Onlinecondo‐lencesmay be offeredat www.gardenofmemorie smetairie.com.

Bankston,Lou Gracie Savona 'Grace'

Fernandez, Mark Jeanfreau,Frances Kern,Vivian Lake Lawn Metairie Beahm, Katherine Conway,Florance de la Houssaye,Sheila LeBlanc, Nolen Ray, David Unsworth,John St Bernard

CharbonnetLabat Morales,Alex St Tammany Audubon Bryant,Olen

Grace Funeral

Pitre,Audrey West Bank Mothe Bankston, Lou Gelpi, Frank

Obituaries Aguilar, Jennifer

TygerGifts they metdear lifelongfriends from 19832015. Afterher second re‐tirement, shebecamea dedicated member of sev‐eralgroups: Desk andDer‐rickWestBank, JVFC,and ShamrockInvestment Club. Graceloved allthings LSU andwas afaithfuland enthusiasticfan forher en‐tireadult life.She wasan LSU football season ticket holderfor 55 yearsand heldseasontickets to LSU Baseballfor nearly 40 years.She wasa devoted parishioner of St.Rosalie Catholic Church in Harvey Grace trulylived life to the fullest:she lovedtraveling anywhere in theworld going to restaurantsfor al‐mostevery meal,reading thousands of booksand spendingtimewithfamily and friends. Sheloved her husband anddaughter morethananythingelse. Grace hada beautifulsmile thatmadeeveryonefeel welcome,a sharpwit,and was respectedand loved byall who knew her. The familyextends heartfelt and specialthankstoher longtimefriendand care‐taker,GertrudeBascile,to all at Fidelis CraigHouse, and to everyone at Frese‐niusKidneyCareOschnerWestBank, especially Keishafor going aboveand beyondinher care.Visita‐tionwillbegin at 11:30 am onTuesday,April 7, 2026 at Mothe FuneralHome, 2100 WestbankExpresswayin Harvey, followed by a Catholic Mass at 1:30 pm Intermentwillfollowat WestlawnMemorialPark and Mausoleum. We will toast,celebrate andshare stories at Legacy Kitchen’s Steak andChopinGretna following themassuntil 5:30. In lieu of flowers, Grace requesteddonations toShrinersHospitalfor Children, 3100 SamfordAv‐enue,Shreveport, LA 71103 Familyand friendsmay viewand sign theonline guest book at www.mot hefunerals.com.

Katherine Doyle

LouGracie“Grace” SavonaBankston, June 4, 1939 —April 1, 2026. Grace SavonaBankston, age86, entered into eternalrest onApril 1, 2026. Shewas predeceased by theloveof her life,MarvinBankston, her husband of 61 years. She wasalsopredeceased byher brothers CJ andAn‐thony Savona andher sis‐ter Rosemary Savona Au‐coin. Graceissurvivedby her devoteddaughter Susan EleanorBankston, her adoringdaughter-inlaw AmyKrass Bankston, her brotherand sister-inlaw Dominick andDonna Savona. Sheisalsosur‐vived by hertreasured grandchildren andtheir spouses:Lindsey Smith Ruiz(Jason),ConnorJames Smith (Jaslyn) andBonnie Smith Jacobsen (Walter) as wellasher cherishedgreat grandchildren:Daniel Rome, Ezra Smith, Wyatt Ruiz, andLydia Ruiz. Grace isalsosurvivedbya host ofcousins andher best friendof64years,Bonnie Wall. Shegraduated as valedictorian from West Jefferson High School in 1957 andthenbegan work inthe shipyard industry on the Harvey Canalright out ofhighschool.She went to workfor Wall Shipyard in 1960 where shelater be‐camepartowneruntil its salein1982. Gettingrest‐lessstaying home,she wokeupinthe middle of the nightand told Marvin she wanted to open an LSU store.Thatwas thebegin‐ningofa newera in their lives. Throughthe doorsof

Katherine DoyleBeahm died peacefully, withunwaveringstrength and grace, surrounded by family andloved ones on March30th, 2026. Affectionately knownas Kat by so many friends and family, she lived alifedefined and guided by love Sheloved friends and familywith unrelenting ferocity. Shewas known for saying, "I love you"freelyand frequently, andshe meant it everysingle time.She understoodand revered thedepth,promise,and commitmentthatcame with those sacredwords, andassumed those responsibilities gladly.

BorninNew Orleans June 10th, 1978, to adoring parents, Melissa and Donald Doyle, Jr Katherine wasloved and cherished. Sevenyearslater,her baby sister,Rebecca,arrived, whoimmediatelybecame Kat's shadow and greatest admirer. Rebecca wasalways just astepbehind, chasingafter thebig sister she truly adored. Together, this close-knit family shared alastingaffection andanunbreakable bond that gave Katherine a strongfoundation to build

herlifeon. Katherine was funny, compassionate, and resolutely loving.Her friendships reflecta truly loyal andgenuinely endearing nature. She waswarm and interested, often making you feellikeyou were the most importantperson in theroom when with her. Kat cherished theimmense love andsupport from her entire circle,spanning familyand in-laws, nieces andnephews, the Blanchard Family, the teachers, coaches, and administrators within the Newman Community, alongwithfriends old and new. Such alovingperson wouldinevitably findher true love and in David Beahm, shefound herpartnertobuild alifewith,as he foundinher.Married for 23 years, the twoof them shared everything, for they foundineach other alove everlasting.More than anything, thefamily that they grew together, with sons, Jackand David, anddaughter, Caroline, gave Katherine hertrue purpose.With herfamily at thecenterofher world, including theirbeloved dog, Ruby, shegave them herwhole heart, and they lovedher just as deeply. Whetheritwas at the countless school events she attendedorchaired, theclassrooms that she kept organized as room mother, thesporting events whereshe cheered herbeloved children,family beach trips, Covey Rise weekends, lazydays by thepool, or thesimplicity of ahomecookedmeal surroundedbyher Crewshe was happiest and most fulfilled with themby herside. Watching her threechildrengrowinto adulthood washer greatest sourceofpride andaccomplishment. From doted -on little ones to adults with thewhole world aheadofthem, each has grown into theirown remarkable person, distinct in theirownsways, yet carryingthe best of what shehas passed onto them When Katherine wasdiagnosed withplasma cell leukemiaand multiple myeloma, she faced it in theway she lived,withdetermination,strength,and resilience. Shewas KATSTRONG. Shewas resolute and brave,and she inspiredall of us.The Doyles often reminded their daughters love is the only thingyou getmoreofwhenyou give it away. Kat carried that lesson with herand lived it fully, andneverhas there been such an overwhelmingoutpouring of love for herasinthispast year. Over the last twelve months, Katherine was caredfor by some of the most caring, compassionate and dedicatedpeople at both theBMT 8th floor at Ochsnerand the5th floor of theBenson Cancer Center.Her team became partofher Crew,partof herfamily. We will be forever gratefulfor them and sheloved them dearly. "May you continuetoinspire us:Toentereach day with agenerousheart. To serve the call of courage andlove untilwesee your beautiful faceagain in that landwhere thereisno more separation, whereall tears will be wipedfrom ourmind, and wherewe will neverlose you again." -a passage from "On Deathofthe Beloved" by John O'Donohue Katherine will be rememberedfor theway she lovedfully and selflessly, forher strength and warmth,and for theway shemade us all feelfullof heart. Herlegacyoflove will live on in herfamily

Jennifer Aguilar, 56, of Woodworth, LA,passed awayonMarch 29, 2026 BornonSeptember 19, 1969, in NewOrleans,Jen‐nifer wasthe beloved spouseofDarrylAguilar (married for31years)and

4B ✦ Sunday,April 5,2026 ✦ nola.com ✦ TheTimes-Picayune and all the lives she touched. Always and Forever,Forever and Always.

Acelebration of life will be held on April 16, 2026. In lieu of flowers, please consider making adonation to theKat BeahmFund supporting the BMT Floor at Ochsner, www.ochsner.org/beahm.

To view and sign the online guest book, please visit LakeLawnMetairie.com

Bryant,Olen

Olen Bryant,a longtime residentofSlidell, Louisiana,passedawayon March 31, 2026, at theage of87. He wasborninKent‐wood,Louisiana,onMay 20, 1938, to afamilyof sharecroppers,including his parents, thelateEffie Clark Bryant andJohnny MonroeBryant, alongwith six siblings.AlthoughOlen did nothavehis ownpair ofshoes until he wasal‐most13-years-oldand was requiredtoworkfroma veryyoung agetohelp support hisfamily, these early hardshipsshaped a strongand enduring work ethic that stayed with him throughouthis life.At age 14, determined to builda betterfuture, Olen left the cotton fields andtoldan employerhewas 18 in order to secure better workasa dairyfarmer. He remainedworking there until he wasactually18, whenhethenbegan work‐ing at afueling station, quickly climbing theranks toa managerial role Guidedbya strong work ethic instilledinhis early years,Olenconsistently workedhis wayupinevery positionheheld. In 1977, his employer gave himthe opportunity to purchase his firsttruck,and that is where thelegacyof COB Enterprises of Louisiana began andcontinues to run strong 49 yearslater Beyondhis many accom‐plishmentsinworkand business, Olen's greatest pride anddeepest joywere alwaysfound in hisfaith and in theloveheshared withhis family. Olen met the love of hislife, Joyce Bryant, 67 yearsago, and theysharednearly 64 years of devotedmarriage. Hefound hisgreatesthap‐pinessintimespent with his children,Cynthia BryantKelly,Roxanne Bryant(Chris) Arthur,and Clint Olen (Sharon) Bryant; adoredgrandchildren, Brooke(Joel)Smith,Kelly (Michael) Craig, Brandon (Falyn) Kelly,Dylan (Dar‐ian)Kelly,Conner(Kali) Bryant, Seth (Kylee) Bryant, KinsleighBryant, BrookeStuart, andMichael Stuart; and10great-grand‐children, who were the centerofhis life.Olen's faith wasa guidingforce and he always gave credit for hispersonaland pro‐fessional successestoour LordJesus Christ.He servedasa Eucharistic Ministerfor St.Lukethe EvangelistCatholicChurch faithfully, bringing commu‐niontothose whowere homebound.Olenwas deeply committed to his community.Heplayedan instrumentalrolein the growthofsoccerinSlidell helping to establishlocal fields andworking to bring the sportintothe public schools.Golfhelda special place in Olen's heartfor morethan40years He quickly became an accom‐plished player,but it was the time spentonthe coursethatmeant the mosttohim.The game brought himjoy,peace, and lastingfriendships.His golfing companions be‐camelikebrothers, andthe memoriestheyshared wereamongst themost meaningfulofhis life.Olen Bryantleavesbehindnu‐merouslegaciesand many stories that will be cher‐ished foreverbyall that knewhim.Hewillbe missednot only by his family, butalsobyhis churchfamilyand count‐lessfriends he hasmade along hisjourney through life. Olen's life remindsus towalkwithfaith,serve otherswithlove, andem‐brace everymomentwith joy.May we go forthcarry‐ing on hisgenerosity, dedi‐cation, andlight that he sharedwithall of us.Rela‐tives andfriends arein‐vited to attend avisitation onTuesday,April 7, 2026

from10:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.atSt. Luke theEvan‐gelistChurch in Slidell. A MassofChristian Burial willbegin at noon.Olen will be laid to rest in Forest

Lawn Cemetery following Mass. Allfriends andfam‐ily arewelcome to arecep‐tion at Chrisand Angie Jean’sresidence to begin after burial.Memoriesand condolences maybeex‐pressedatwww.Audubon FuneralHome.com.

Conway, Florance Scott 'Bonnie'

Florance "Bonnie" Scott Conway, adevoted mother,civic leader, and beloved memberofthe New Orleans community, passedawaypeacefully on March 24, 2026. She was92. Born on August 13, 1933, and raised in Bryn Mawr Pennsylvania, Bonnie was the daughter of William Maxwell Scott,Jr. and FloranceClark Scott.She graduated from The BaldwinSchool in 1951and went on to earnher undergraduatedegreefrom Mount Holyoke College in 1955 It was during college that Bonnie metthe love of her life,William "Bill" Barret Conway,acivil engineer,ona ski date in Stowe, Vermont. They were married in 1956,beginning apartnershipthat wouldspan decades and shapea vibrant familylife. In 1961,Bonnie and Bill movedtheir young family to NewOrleans, Louisiana, when Bill was appointed head of the office of Modjeski &Mastersthere. Though the city initially felt exoticand unfamiliar to two northerners, it quickly capturedtheir hearts.Within ayear, they knew New Orleans would be their lifelong home. Bonnie devoted herself wholeheartedlytoraising hersevenchildren, while also immersing herself in the life of the community. Over nearly fifty years, she builta legacy asa volunteer and leaderacross a wide range of nonprofit organizations. Among other roles, she servedas President of the Junior League of NewOrleans, Executive Director of Louisiana Children's Museum,Development Director of the Preservation Resource Center,and President of the New Orleans Town Gardeners. Following Hurricane Katrina, she played an active roleinthe city's recovery, servingon the executive committee of Citizens forOne Greater NewOrleansand adedicated memberofWomen of the Storm—both organizations committedtorevitalizing the region after its devastation. Bonnie took any opportunity she couldtoshowcase the impact of philanthropy on New Orleans. While head of the Louisiana Children's Museum, she delighted in watching the children pretend to be Alec Gifford on the playnewsdeskorfill their shopping carts with "groceries" in the mini Schwegmanns.She also enjoyed driving through the LowerGardenDistrict and pointing out allthe houses being restored as part of Operation Comeback.

Inrecognition of theesteeminwhich she was held by her community, Bonnie was honored to be chosen Queen of the Mystic Club Ball in 1987. It was alongway to come forthe girl from Philadelphia. Among the many hats Bonnie wore, the title she valuedmost was motherof seven. Her last child was born right as the first prepared forcollege and her focusand love forall of them never wavered Bonnie was no disciplinarian, but she had high standards forher children to meetand was renowned forher unflappability amidst the occasional mayhem in the Conway house. She was never one to fight her children's battles, yetalwaysontheir side when they faced adversity. Bonnie treasured the summers she spent in Martha's Vineyard Massachusetts, where she was along-standingmember and one-time President of the West Chop Club While at the Chop, she enjoyedplaying tennisand sitting on the pier with her friendsaswellasspending time with her grandchildrenand many relatives.

Bonniewas an avid gardener and was particularly proud of thesecond place ribbon she earnedone year for her dahlias in the county fair.

Bonnie is survivedby her seven children (and spouses): William B. Conway, Jr.(Diana), Robert S. Conway (Lisa), PeterJ Conway (Sandra), Edward B. Conway (Erin), Elizabeth C. Crawford (Keith), Laura C. Williams (Claude), and Eleanor C. Edwards (Mark); nineteengrandchildren; one great-grandchild;and awidecircle of extended family and dear friends.

Amemorial servicewill be held at 1:00 p.m. on Friday, April 10, 2026, at Trinity EpiscopalChurch in NewOrleans, Louisiana. A reception willimmediately follow. In lieu of flowers, memorialscan be madeto TrinityEpiscopal School, TrinityEpiscopal Church, or thecharityofyour choice

The Conway family wouldliketothank the nurses and staff on the thirdfloor of St.Anna's at LambethHouse for their incredible care.

Bonnie Conway's life was one of deep commitment to her family,her city,and themany lives she touched throughher generosity and leadership She willberemembered with love,admiration,and gratitude

SheilaMcAdams de la Houssaye, 87, passedaway peacefully at home.

Born January 20, 1939, Sheilawas thedaughterof thelate Howard and Majorie Downey McAdams. She attended St. Catherine of Siena, Ursuline Academy and was agraduateofDominican High School. After high school, she enrolledatLSU where she was amember of Delta Gamma sorority and focused on speech and drama.She also attended St.Mary's Dominican College.

Sheila'sadventurous natureled her to move to SanFrancisco where she worked foranoil company. Her fun roommates became lifelong friends.

After returning to New Orleans she met and was married 55 years to the love of her life,Frank.

While raising their daughter, Downey, she beganher careerasa Real Estate agent and was dedicated to her clients

Sheilalived to entertain andwas afabulouscook. Numerous friendsand family enjoyed themany, many partiesonBellaire. She also lovedtraveling theworld with her family and crazyfriends.

Her interests included tennis, walking in the neighborhood with Sue and of course Bridge BridgeFridays were legendary and although they lovedplaying thegame, they shared more than the game.Thesefriendships were deep and spanned decades. She also adored everything Irish and her many pets.

The family cheeredfor theSaints on Sunday but were dividedonSaturday between LSU, Tulane and Alabama.

Sheilawas amember of St.Catherine of Siena parish, theOrleans Club and theNew Orleans Country Club.

She is predeceasedby her husband,Frank and is survivedbyher daughter Downey de la Houssaye, her sister Kathleen Stevens (Vernon) of Vidalia, La.,and many nieces and nephews.

The family wouldliketo express theirdeepest appreciationtothose who lovingly cared for Sheila: Dorothy, Gail,Ashoka, Tanya, Shannon, Tasha and Nora. Theirkindness and empathy will always be remembered Friends and family are invited to celebrate Sheila on Thursday April 9th. A memorial mass willbe held at St.Catherine of Sienachurch, 105 Bonnabel Blvd, Metairie.Services beginat12:00 pm withvisitation starting at 11:00am. Interment willfollow at MetairieCemetery. In lieu of flowers the family suggests donations to St. Catherine of Siena, 105 BonnabelBlvd. Metairie,LA, 70005 or LouisianaSPCA,1700 Mardi Gras Blvd.,New Orleans, LA 70114. To view and signthe family online guestbook and share your memories

Mark F. Fernandez, beloved husband,father, grandfather,professor, musician, andconsum‐mateNew Orleanian, passedawayonMarch 31, 2026, at theage of 67, sur‐rounded by lovedones. His passing followed along battlewithbrain cancer.A nativeson of NewOrleans Marklived thekindoflife thiscitywas made for: full ofgood meals, good music, good stories, andevenbet‐ter company. He waswitty hilarious,and thekindof man who couldholda room with astory like no‐bodyelse. He lovedMardi Grasand Jazz Fest with the devotionofa true NewOr‐leanian,and foryears he and hiswifeDione hosted their belovedannual“Sun‐day Gras”party,a gather‐ing that friendsand family looked forwardtoevery year, where Mark couldre‐liablybefound orchestrat‐ing shotsinthe kitchen. Beyondthe dinner table and theparty,Markwas a musician. Aguitarist at heart,heplayedfor the purejoy of it at venues acrossthe city,including the NeutralGround,the Maple Leaf, ChickieWah Wah,NOLABrewery,Sei‐ther’sSeafood,and many others. In recent yearshe found hishomeonSunday nightsatthe legendaryLe Bon TempsRoule on Maga‐zineStreet,playing weekly withthe BonTemps Boys under thedirection of Lo Faber.For thosewho knew Mark, seeing himonthat stage wasseeinghim in his element. He was equally at home in the classroom.Markreceived his B.A. andM.A.fromthe UniversityofNew Orleans and hisPh.D. from TheCol‐legeofWilliam andMaryin Virginia. He joined thefac‐ultyatLoyolaUniversity New Orleansin1992, where hespent over three decades as abeloved and award-winning professor ofhistory.Among hismany honors, he received Loy‐ola’s highestdistinction, the DuxAcademicus award,was namedthe Pa‐triciaCarlinO’KeefeDistin‐guished ProfessorofHis‐tory, andreceivedthe Louisiana Historical Asso‐ciation’s Garney McGinty LifetimeService Awardin 2023. Hisscholarship,par‐ticularly "FromChaos to Continuity: Evolutionof Louisiana’s Judicial Sys‐tem,1712-1862,"earned the LouisianaLiterary Award from theLouisiana Library Association. In 2012, he wasnamed the Seventh AnnualWoody Guthrie Fellow by the WoodyGuthrie Foundation and BMIMusic Publishers a recognitionthatspoke to the breadth of hiscuriosity and passionfor American culture andfolktradition In 2024, he wasawarded the EastmanResidency for the Arts andHumanities, anhonor he received while fighting theillness that would take hislife. Above all else,Markwas adored Adoredbyhis wife of 45 years,Dione,who washis partner in everysense of the word.Adoredbyhis son Wesley anddaughterin-lawKristen.And adored beyondmeasure by his grandchildren Logan, Mia, and Alexis,who knew him simplyasPawpaw. Mark is survivedbyhis wife,Dione Ezell Fernandez; hisson, WesleyFernandez (Kris‐ten); hisgrandchildren Logan, Mia, andAlexis; his brother Barry Fernandez (Sarah);his sister Cindy Francis;and hisbeloved niecesand nephews. He is precededindeath by his parents,Fredric “Jimmy” Fernandez andAntoinette HellmersFernandez;his brother-in-lawWilliam Francis;his belovedpets, Valentino andLucy; and his dear friend SteveSkon‐berg. In lieu of flowers, the familyasksthatdonations bemadeinmemoryof MarkFernandez to theLoy‐ola University NewOrleans History Department,where hespent over three decades doingthe work he loved

Jacob John Foto, known to all wholoved himas Jake,passed away on March31, 2026, at theage of 76. Born to the late DominicJ.and Angelina Christina Foto, Jake was shaped by the rich culture anddeep familybonds for whichNew Orleansis known.After high school, Jake enlisted in theUnited StatesMarineCorps,servingwith courage anddistinction in theVietnam War wherehewas awarded twoPurpleHearts, a Presidential Unit Citation, andnumerous othercampaign medals. After his years of service,Jake built alifefilledwith love,loyalty, andlaughter.He shared that life with his wife, Mary Gail Heffron Foto, for just shy of 40 years. Together they created ahomewhere family meant everythingand wherethe sounds of a Saintsgame were nothing short of sacred. Jake's spirit will live on in every familygathering, every Saintstouchdown, and everybowlofgumboshared among hisfamilyand friends. Jake was preceded in death by hisparents; hissiblings, DominicFoto, Mary AngeliqueFoto, RSM (née Catherine),Marian Weilbaecher,and Anthony Foto; and Rose Rita Christina. He is survived by hiswife,Mary, and their family: Salvador "Sal" Christina (Margaret), Angelina "Angie"Christina, Saverio "Shava" Christina, LaurenChristina(Jessica Ward), Joseph "Roch Weilbaecher (Kat), DominicWeilbaecher (Amy), DesireeAdams (Phil), and several greatnieces and nephews. Familyand friends are invited to the Visitation on Tuesday, April 7, 2026, beginningat10:30 a.m. with Mass at noon at St Clement of Rome Catholic Church,4317 Richland Avenue, Metairie, Louisiana. Interment will follow at Lake LawnPark Cemetery Mausoleum. In lieu of flowers, please consider adonation to St.Jude Children'sResearch Hospital, www.stjude.org. Fond memories andcondolenceexpressionsmay be shared at www.leitzeaganf uneralhome.com

FrankThomasGelpi, peacefully enteredeternal restathis residenceon Sunday, March22, 2026, at the ageof74. He wasa life‐longresidentofGretna, Louisiana.Son of thelate James Joseph GelpiSr. and the late Dorothea Smith Gelpi.Brother to thelate James Joseph,Jr.,John David,Stephen Gerard (Evelyn), Thomas Martin TheodoreMichael,Robert Charles (Linda), Joseph Vincent (Susie), BarbaraG Baier (Paul),and Margaret G.Miller (Ron). He is also survivedbynumerous niecesand nephews, cousins,and friends. Frank workedasa Bio-MedTech‐nicianatCharity Hospital until hisretirement. While enlistedinthe United StatesArmy, he received anaward forproficiency in weapons marksmanship Heloved sailing, mechani‐cal restoration, andre‐search. He wasdedicated tohis faith in Godand chose to live aquiet life Familyand friendsare in‐vited to attend theMemor‐ial Visitation at MotheFu‐neral Home,2100 Westbank Expressway, Harvey, Louisiana on Tuesday, April 7,2026, beginningat9 a.m. until 11 a.m. AMemorial Masswillbeheldatthe fu‐neral home on Tuesdayat 11a.m.The familyinvites you to sharethoughts, fondmemories, andcon‐dolencesonlineatmothe‐funerals.com.

GlennAnthony Geraci 83, of Metairie,passed awayonMarch 17, 2026 BornDecember6,1942, in New Orleans, he wasthe son of thelateAnthony and Muriel Geraci and brother of thelateJoseph Geraciand thelateGary Geraci(Cindy).Glenn is survivedbyhis wife,Joyce FordGeraci; son, Glenn GeraciJr.;stepchildren Stacy Henderson(James) Keith Rome (Arleen), Travis Rome, JoyceGalaverna (Marco),AlexO’Connell (Rosa), Rachel Mollere (Chad), andthe late Patrick O’Connell Jr.; niece, Karen GeraciFlores. Glenngradu‐atedfromNichollsHigh School in 1960 andproudly servedinthe National Guard forsix years. Glenn workedfor Lambert’sElec‐tricuntil 2008, andthen ended hisworking career asa municipalminute clerk,working forJudge Charles Imbornoneinthe First City Courtofthe City ofNew Orleans. Glennwas a proudmemberofthe New OrleansElksLodge, where he served as chap‐lainin2023. Hisfavorite pastime wasparticipating incommunity events and Thursday nights at the Lodge playingbooraywith friends.Glenn will be re‐memberedfor hislight‐hearted,enduringsense of humor.Hewas trulya kind and gentle soul who found happiness in thequiet comfortsoflife. He was eager to attend everyfam‐ily event, especially if it in‐cludedwatchinghis fa‐voriteteams,the Saints and LSU. Thefamilywould liketoextenda special thank youtoall thefriends and familywho called and visited during hisillness. A special thankyou to Con‐nie Celestine, hissitter, who lovingly assisted in his care,duringhis final days. Relativesand friends are invitedtoattenda visi‐tationat11:00 a.m. on Fri‐day,April 10, 2026, at Greenwood FuneralHome, 5200 CanalBlvd.,New Or‐leans,LA70124, followed bya mass at 1:00 p.m. In‐terment will be at Green‐wood Cemetery.Inlieuof flowers, memorialsmay be madetoLoveYourNeigh‐bor NOLA.LoveYourNeigh‐bor NOLA,and itsfounder werenearand dear to Glenn. Loveyourneighbor‐nola.com

Giardina,Marion DorothyPotter

Marion DorothyPotter Giardina, age86, entered eternal rest Wednesday, March 25, 2026. Marion is the belovedwifeofLloyd Frank Giardina.Bornin New Orleans, Marion be‐cameLloyd’s brideon March 30, 1963, andwith their sons CharlesJoseph Giardina(Tanya) andJohn Steptoe Giardina they madetheir home in Gretna until they movedtoWest‐wegoin2001. A1956 gradu‐ate of St.Martin’sEpisco‐pal School,Marionearned a Bachelor of Sciencein HomeEconomics from Texas ChristianUniversity in1961. Shethenentered a career as ahomeecono‐mistwithLouisiana Gas Company.After marrying she andLloyd founded, owned, andoperatedBon MarchéFurniture Company Inc. In 1987, holdinga Louisiana Interior Design License,Marionbecame ownerand operator of AMar InteriorsInc.Whennot designing homesand busi‐nessesinthe NewOrleans metropolitanarea, Marion excelledatbaking. Her familyand friendslooked forward to herprized CrispyPecan Cookieseach holiday season as well as her specialtreatsofoat‐mealcookies andnumer‐ous preserves. Marion was a key figure in theGiardina FamilyItalian Christmas cookie making tradition. She wasa member of St Charles Avenue Presbyter‐ian Church,belongedto the LouisianaChapter Na‐tionalSociety Daughtersof the American Revolution was amemberofthe Ro‐taryofWestwego, andwas the1959 Queen of Caliphs

of Cairo. Sheisprecededin death by herparents Charles Graves Steptoe Potterand Blanche Dorothy Gabler Potter,her sisterDorothy RaePotter, her brotherCharles Robert Potter, andher brother-inlaw RogerAdams.Marion lives on in theheartsofher six grandchildren, Ainsley LamarqueNunez, Jonathan ColvilleGiardina(Morgan), Grace Potter Giardina Holz‐man (Kyle),Ian Edward Gi‐ardina, GabrielSteptoe Gi‐ardina(Daniela), and Francesca Rose Giardina and twogreat-grandchil‐dren, Louise Alexander “Lola”Jones andPotter Rose“Posie” Holzman, who all affectionately knew her asGiGi. Sheisalsothe beloved sister-in-law of MaryFrances GreelyPot‐ter,JudyGiardinaHarris (Howard), Mildred“Millie” GiardinaAdams,Marie Gia‐rdina (Maureen). Sheis AuntMarionto7 nieces and nephewsaswellas numerousgrand andgreatgrand nieces andnephews Familyand friendsare in‐vited to visitation Thurs‐day,April 9, at 2PMfol‐lowed by 3PMfuneral ser‐viceatSt. CharlesAvenue PresbyterianChurch, 1545 State Street,New Orleans, LA70118. Committal Ser‐vices will be Friday,April 10, at 9AMatthe South‐eastLouisiana Veterans Cemetery, 34888 Grantham College Drive, Slidell, LA 70460. In lieu of flowers, donations maybemadeto PresbyterianWomen,1545 State Street,New Orleans, LA70118 or Rotary of West‐wego, 3711 Westbank Ex‐pressway, Harvey,LA, UnitedStates, 70058.On‐linecondolences maybe offeredatwww.gardeno fmemoriesmetairie.com

FrancesDeckerJeanf‐reaupassedawayatthe

age of 85 on themorning of Monday, March30, 2026 Frances wasthe daughter ofWilliam andMay Lee Decker, agraduateofMt. CarmelAcademy andNew‐combCollege of Tulane University. Franceswas a lifelongNew Orleanian, evenwhenshe brieflylived inwestTexas.She wasan activememberofSt. An‐gelaMericiCatholic Churchand,whennot trav‐elingaround theworld or visitinggrandchildren,en‐joyed bridge,tennis, mahjong,and tellingsto‐ries. When shebecame friends with someone, she stayedfriends with them for life.Frances is pre‐ceded in deathbyher hus‐bandCharles Jeanfreau and hergranddaughter Christian MayJeanfreau She is survived by her brother Bob(Marsha) three sons Charles(Laura), Andre (Jennifer),and Mark (Jennifer), hergrandchil‐drenElla, Miles, Charles, Dylan,Shelby, Taylor, Katherine,Lilah,Samantha and Molly, andbynumer‐ous nieces andnephews She will be greatlymissed, not only by herimmediate and extended familybut alsobyher extremelywide circleoffriends andac‐quaintances.The family willreceive friendsonSat‐urday,April 11 from 11:00 a.m.to1:00p.m.atSt. An‐gelaMericiChurch in Metairie. AmassofChrist‐ian Burial will be cele‐bratedatSt. Angela Merici at1:00p.m.withinterment tofollowatGreenwood Cemetery. In lieu of flow‐ers,the familyrequest do‐nations to St.JudeChil‐dren’sResearchHospital.

Catholic School on Es‐planade Avenue andwas a graduate of St.Joseph’s Academy in 1963. After high school shemarried DonaldW.Kernand devote herself to raisingher two sons. Vivian wasdeeply in‐volvedinevery aspect of her children’s lives, serving asRoom Mother at St Phillip Neri andTeam Mother at Girard Play‐ground.She waslater elected as Presidentofthe Mother’sClubatSt. Phillip Nerischool in Metairie and frequentlyservedasa sub‐stitute teacher. As her sonsgrewolder,Vivian pursued herlove, art, paintingoncanvasand working with ceramics.Her passion eventually ledher tobecomea ceramics teacher,a role shecher‐ished.Vivianbegan her professionalcareer in the early 1980’sasanaccoun‐tantfor St.JohnBrother’s Freight Forwarding and later at PatO’Brien’s Bar inthe French Quarter where shemademany longtimefriendships and acquaintances.Vivianis survivedbyher sons Jason Kernand Jarrod Kern and her belovedgrandchildren, Reidand KatieKern(Jason) and Aneleise,Aidan,and Anson Kern (Jarrod).She is alsosurvivedbyher sib‐lings CarolKiefer, Mary HazardBear, Chip Hazard (Lisa)and Bryant Hazard (Scarlet) as well as numer‐ous nieces andnephews who lovingly knew heras “Aunt Ve”. Vivian waspre‐ceded in deathbyher par‐entsBurgess andVivian Hazardand hersisterLynn HazardLangdon.A Catholic Mass celebrating Vivian’slifewillbeheldat 2:00pmonApril 7atJacob Schoen& SonFuneral Home, 3827 CanalStreet visitationbeginning at 12:00 noon.Inlieuof flow‐ers,memorialdonations may be made to Second HarvestersFood Bank of Greater NewOrleans.Con‐dolencesmay be left at www.schoenfh.com.

Kettleborough Jr., Donald Joseph'Don'

Donald "Don"Joseph Kettleborough, Jr., 80, of East Peoria, Illinois passed awaypeacefully at OSF St Francis Medical Centerin Peoria,Illinois on Wednesday,March18, 2026, surrounded by the love of his familyand friends.

Born on April 17, 1945, Don was the son of Donald J. Kettleborough and Shirley Landers Kettleborough. He was the oldest of five children and shareda lifelong bond with his siblings,Sandra Hanson, Sharon Kimrey, CarolKleckner, and Gary Kettleborough. Don liveda life shaped by creativity,beauty,and deep devotiontothe people he loved. He attended Holy Cross Elementary School and Mendota High School beforeearninghis undergraduate degree in arteducation from Northern Illinois University and later his Master's Degree from Bradley University. He began his career teaching art in Peoria, Illinois,for seventeen years, but his heart ultimately led him to afulltime life in the arts. After he left teaching, Don became agifted and respected artist whose work reflected both hisremarkable talentand the warmth of his spirit. He was known for hismurals, portraits, pet portraits, and commissioned pieces, each created with care and adeeply personal touch.Overthe years, his work was represented by galleriesin Naples, Santa Fe, Saugatuck, NewOrleans, and Peoria,reachingcollectors and admirers in many places. Naples and NewOrleans helda specialplace in Don'sheart and became important chaptersinhis life story. His work gained recognition in Naples,and he and his husband, Rich, shareda love for New Orleans that eventually led them to purchasea home thereand move in the early 2000s. In 2003, Rich retiredand they began spending winterseach year in Naples,and then New Orleans,embracing the beauty,friendships, and rhythm of the places theyloved most. Don never stoppedcreating. In early 2020,hesteppedaway from galleryrepresentation to devotehimself

morefullytocommission work, which he continued until abouta year before hispassing.

While Don's artistic accomplishmentswere many,the truest measure of his life was found in the love he gave so freely. He was generous, welcoming, and deeplydevoted to his family and extended family.For morethan20years, he joyfully hosted Thanksgivinggatherings forthe Kettleboroughfamily,creating traditions and memories that willbe cherished for generations. He had aspecial gift for making people feelat home, cared for, and connected

He is survivedbyhis belovedhusband,Rich; his siblings, Sandra,Sharon, Carol, and Gary; 17 Kettleborough nieces and nephews; 5Helmer nieces and nephews, alongwith 11 Helmer great-nieces and great-nephews; numerous extended family members; and many dear friends whose liveswere madebrighter by knowing him.

He was preceded in death by his parents, DonaldJ.Kettleborough and ShirleyLanders Kettleborough.

ACelebrationofLife will be held on Don's 81st birthday; Friday, April 17, from 5:00 to 8:00 p.m. at Mt Hawley Country Club in Peoria,Illinois.

In lieu of flowers memorial donations may be madetoBradley University in Peoria,Illinois or TAPS in Pekin, Illinois in his name

Don willberemembered forhis artistic spirit,his generous heart,his eye for beauty, and thelovehe poured intohis family,his home, and his work. His legacy livesoninthe lives he touched and in the beauty he leavesbehind.

The Cremation Society of Mid-Illinois Pekin/Peoria is assisting thefamily with arrangements.Online condolences may be madeat csmico.com

ACelebrationofLife will be held on Friday, April 17, 2026, from 5p.m. to 8p.m. at Mt.Hawley Country Club 7724 NKnoxville Ave., Peoria,Illinois61614

GeorgeAlbert Knesel III passed away December 12, 2025, in Columbia, SC, at theage of 86, after his long battle withParkinson's. Born June 2, 1939 to George A. Knesel, Jr. and Helen S. Thiberge. Bert attended St Catherine of Siena, Jesuit High School, St.Joseph Seminary and Notre Dame Seminary.Heearneda degree in Chemistry from Southeastern Louisiana University. He earnedhis PHD in Chemistry from LSU and taught Chemistry and Philosophy of Science at Southeastern for 10 years. In 1978 Bert moved To South Carolina to set up theEthyl "IbuprofenPlant in Orangeburg.Heworked forEthylCorporationasa researchchemist to continually improve themanufacture of Ibuprofen Bert was an avid tennis player and enjoyed jazz and classicalmusic. Bert is survivedbyhis wife VirginiaWeathers, daughters Shelley K. Cook and Dina Knesel, siblings Agatha K. Guiterrez, William "Schep"(Donna), HelenK.Martinez (Claudio), Catherine K. Guirovich (Eddie), John Francis(Rosalie), and Robert "Bobby" (Linnea); four grandchildren, seven greatgrandsons and one step greatgranddaughter; as well as many nieces and nephews.

In addition to his parentshewas predeceased by daughter Kimberlyn Knesel and grandson Zachary Darrow. Afuneral mass will be held at St. Catherine of SienaChurch Wednesday, April8,2026 at 12:00p.m. with visitationat11:00a.m. Interment willfollow at MetairieCemetery.

Deacon NolenJoseph LeBlanc, Sr. passed away on Tuesday, March 31, 2026 at theage of 92. He was a nativeofNew Orleans and resident of Harahan. After highschool, he proudly served in the U.S. Army. Nolenwas amember of St. Rita Catholic Church for 67 years and adeaconfor 30 years. He also worked at Teamsters Local Union270. He was theSecretary/ Treasurerand served as a business agent forover 30 years. Nolenenjoyed cooking,playing cardsand enjoyed being with family, grandchildrenand great grandchildren. He also enjoyed taking thefamily on beach trips forover 21 years. Nolenissurvived by his wife of 67 years, Jeanette LeBlanc; his daughters, PaulaNulty (Patrick) and Regina Bergeron(Scott); his son, NolenJ.LeBlanc, Jr. (Martha); his grandchildren,Patrice McKinnie (Taylor), Cameron LeBlanc (Jen), PaigeNulty,Jacob LeBlanc(Destiny),Lauren Guido (Dan), Nolen LeBlanc III, TannerLeBlanc (Cierra), Gabrielle Bergeron, ElizabethLeBlanc, Grace Bergeronand Emily Bergeron; great-grandchildren,Nolen, Liam, Eli, Connor, Chiara, Zélieand Kolbe;and sisters,Ella Marie Hollingsworth and Rena Calloway. He is preceded in death by his son, Paul LeBlanc(Terry); his parents, Randolphand Elvidge LeBlanc; sisters, Rita Mae Thibeaux, Vera Blanchard,Juanita Daigrepont and MaryAnn Childress; and brothers, Randolph LeBlanc, Jr., Raymond LeBlancand James LeBlanc. Relatives and friends are invitedto attend services at St.Rita CatholicChurch, 7100 Jefferson Hwy, Harahan, LA on Tuesday, April 7, 2026. Visitation at church will be from10:00AM until Mass begins at 11:30AM. Interment willfollow in Metairie Cemetery. In lieu of flowers,the family requests donations to either St.RitaCatholicChurch in HarahanorSt. Jude's Children's Hospital.To view and sign theonline guestbook, please visit, www.lakelawnmetairie.co m.

AudreyMae Marquez Pitre passedaway at theage of 87 on March 29, 2026 at their home peacefullywith familybyher sidein Mandeville,Louisiana. She wasbornonOctober 5, 1938 in NewOrleans, Louisiana.

Audreywas the beloved wife of William J. Pitre,Sr. for 65 years. She wasthe loving motherofDonna P. Melancon (Mark), William J. Pitre,Jr. (Charlotte) Robert J. Pitre (Wendy), CurtisB.Pitre (Suzanne) (the lateDanielle), RebeccaP.Ansardi (Jeffrey).

Shewas the proud Grand Maw-Maw of twenty -fivegrandchildrenand fifteen great-grandchildren Sister of EdwardB Marquez,Jr. (Sharon). Audreyispreceded in death by herparents; Edward andLoretta Marquez,her sisters; Joycelyn andGloria, her daughter-in-law Danielle, andher grandsons; Curtis Jr.and Tommy Jr Audreyand William (Bill) marriedonMay 7, 1960 andmoved to St Bernard Parish,Louisiana.

Shewas an amazing Wife, Mother,GrandMawMaw, sister,aunt, cousin andfriend.

Visitation for Audrey will be held on Monday, April 13, 2026 at Grace Funeral Home in Covington,Louisiana beginningat12:00PM. There will be amass following visitation at 2:00PM

Dr.David Allan Ray died peacefully at hishome in Philadelphia, PA on April 1, 2026. He was 75. He is survivedbyhis loving wife,Dr. Melody "Mimi"Bruce,his threechildren, Isaac Ray (Dr. Kathryn Hefner Ray), Dr.Margaret Ray (Dr. BenjaminEverett), and Arielle Ray (Dr. Andrew Siliciano),and hisfive grandchildren, EllaRay, Colton Ray, Annabelle Everett, Emma Everett, and LiliaSiliciano.

andcompassionatephysician, he wasespecially giftedattaking care of the whole person.Hewas deeply versed in social determinants of health and wasa fierceadvocate for hispatients' rights within thecomplexity of the American healthcare system. Dave spent most of hisworkingyearsat WhitneyM.Young Health Center in ArborHillbefore transitioning to an academic position at Albany Medical Center.Evenashis ownhealthwas failing, he taughtgroupsofmedical students over Zoom, passingonhis deep sense of commitmentand theimportanceofadvocacytoa newgeneration of young doctors. ButDave likedtosay that beinga physician was his"day job."Atnight and on weekends, he wasa giftedviolinist, rehearsing andplayinggigsthroughoutthe AlbanyCapital Region, theBerkshires, NewYorkCity, andNew Orleans. He played jazz, bluegrass, folk, klezmer, andtraditional tunes,makingfriends andconnectionsthroughmusic wherever he went.Hewas also amajor supporter of the Albany Symphony Orchestra.

Dave wasa committed member of B'nai Sholom ReformCongregation in Albany. He served as synagogue presidentand played hisviolinfor theKol Nidre service each year. He leda life deeply rooted in Jewish values, tradition, andhumor. When Davewasn't practicingmedicine,music,or Judaism, he was apassionate outdoorsman.Heloved to bicycle,hike, paddle, camp, swim, and sail.He hadanextraordinary amountofenergy, and was consistently capable of exhausting hiswife andthree children, whoalways tried to keepup.

Hisadventurous spirit, brilliantmind, quickwit, anddedication to tikkun olam (theJewish value of making the worlda better place)will be missed. Relativesand friends are invited to attendthe funeral service in the chapel of Lake Lawn MetairieFuneral Home, 5100 Pontchartrain Blvd.in NewOrleans,on Wednesday, April 8, 2026 at 10:00AM. Agathering time will be held at thefuneral home beginningat9:30AM Theintermentwill follow thechapelservice at Hebrew Rest Cemetery No. III Amemorial service is planned for May24, 2026 at B'nai SholomReform Congregation in Albany. In lieu of flowers, please considera donation in Dr. Ray'smemory to PNHP (Physiciansfor aNational HealthProgram), www.pnhp.org, or to Capital Roots, www.capitalroots.org, or to Habitat for Humanity, www.habitat.org. To view andsignthe online guest book, please visit LakeLawnMetairie.com

Alex Morales, aresident of St.Bernard anda retired commercial fisherman, passedawayonFriday, March27, 2026. He was born on July 11,1937 to the late Alex andMildren EvansMorales in Delacroix Island,where he resided until HurricaneKatrina.Mr. Moraleswas joined in Holy MatrimonytoIsabelLopez Morales. Theirunion of 69 yearswas blessedwith twochildren, Pamela Morales(Michael) and KevinMorales (Carol). BrotherofCharles Morales (Anna), Mary Louise Molero (Clifton),Joy Menesses(Denis),the late Daniel (MaryFrances)and Eugene Morales(Velma) GrandfatherofStephen Lopez(Michelle)and Brad Morales(Suzonne). Great grandfatherofStephen,III, Madelynn, Miaand Savan‐nah. Also survived by a host of otherlovingrela‐tivesand friends. Allare in‐vitedtoattenda graveside servicehonoringthe life andlegacyofthe late Alex Morales, whichwillbeheld at St.Bernard Catholic Church Cemetery,2805 BayouRoad, St.Bernard, LA 70085 on Monday,April 6, 2026 at 10 am.Please sign theonlineguestbook at www.charbonnetfuner alhome.com.Final arrange‐mentsentrusted to Char‐bonnet Family Services (504) 302-1520.

Dr."Dave"Ray was a proudgraduate of Amherst Collegeand SUNY Downstate MedicalSchool. He completed his internal medicineresidency at Albany Medical Center andchosetodevote most of his40+ year career to caringfor some of thesickest andmost vulnerable patients in Albany. He specialized in HIVmedicine, entering the field in the early80s when little was known about thevirus, and wasonthe cutting edge of medicine through thearc of hiscareer. Abrilliant

OUR VIEWS

TheEaster messageis oneofhope in an uncertain world

Editor’snote:This editorial, in modified form, hasmarkedprevious Easterholidays in this newspaper

The Easter story,the victoriousending of a tale of brutal crucifixion,suggeststhatthere’sa powerful answerto the pain andevilthathave touched the world throughouthuman history. That’swhy the Easter narrativecan resonate not only with Christians but in secularsociety, too. Any story of hope is needed now morethan ever,asrecent headlines havereminded us.

On this weekend’sEaster,asonothers, there’s trouble afoot on our anguished planet.The scenesofwar abroad and violence closeto home continue to dominatethe headlines.

And the newspapers of today wouldhave beenfamiliar to our grandparents andgreatgrandparents, as there is once again large-scale warfare in Europe, strife in theMiddle East and unrest in our hemisphere.

We hope for an end to chaos around the globe, butweknow that those ravaged populationswill be in need of resurrection, today’stheme, for many years to come.

All this is pretty grim stuff.

Illness and death are ever-presentparts of the human condition, as the Easter story reminds us.

Yetour capacity to be shocked andhorrified by accounts of violence in ourcommunitiesand around the world is, perhaps, oneofthe more affirming things about the humanspirit. We believe that cruelty is an aberration —thatwe’re made for something better.That brighterspirit has been reflected in neighbors helping neighbors,even under the most difficult conditions. That brighter spirit is present whenever we look around and see the good work being done by ordinary people to betterour communities. Easter is the holiest day in the Christiancalendar,and this Sunday,believers aregathering at theirhouses of worship to prayand reflect on the miracleoflife renewed, when all was thought to be lost. In whatever form, Easter speakstoour basic faith that love will ultimately transcendhate, that good will triumph over evil, that our better angels willprevail,that miracles are possible In theclassic children’sstory “Charlotte’s Web,” author E.B. White suggestedthatbelief in miracles is perhaps notsostrange athing when we consider the presence of theeveryday miracles we take for granted. White waswriting particularly about the life of abarnyard,where the wonders of pigs and ducks andspiders were spectacles so grand —but so routine —thatfew visitors thought of them as special. Spring is like that,too,ofcourse. Afterthe frost and cold of winter,the greening trees and emerging blossoms are an extraordinarything, but they’re avictoryweusually overlook Easter is aday to hold such gifts close to heart, to believe once again in renewal—ofthe world and in ourselves.

OPINION

Thepower of celebratingbirthdays

When mostofusthink of our birthdays, we probably have flashbacks to childhood. When Iwas 3, my parents put together aSnow Whiteand the Seven Dwarfs partyfor me. The icing on the cake (pun intended) besides thelove poured into it —was the Dopey cookie. Mom had all seven of the little guys around the cake, but he was my favorite. Isensed akinship early on. That Dopey memorygets us to akey reason birthdays are big deals: People need to know they are loved and ablessing to theworld. They need to know that it’snot their successes that give them irrevocable value, it’s simply their existence. If you are abeliever in God, we should be seeing God in one another,because he cared tothink of the idea of you and me in the first place. From hanging around the religious service group Sisters of Life, I’ve gotten ataste of what life without birthdays can be like. Someofthe women who come to them are pregnant and in need of friendship, mentorship and away to be themother she already is

to thedeveloping child within her.Not only does abortion end alife, it also hurtsthe mother and has an impact on others in her life —likely the people she loves themost.

birds in the sky,but also you.

Letters are published identifying name, occupation and/or title and the writer’scity of residence

TheAdvocate |The Times-Picayune require astreet address andphone number for verification purposes, but that information is not published. Letters are not to exceed 300 words. Letters to the Editor,The Advocate, P.O. Box 588, Baton Rouge, LA 70821-0588, or email letters@ theadvocate.com.

TO SEND US A LETTER, SCANHERE

Someofthose samewomen have never had anyone celebrate abirthday for them. How do you embrace new lifeunder challenging and even desperate situations if you have never had people insist to you that your life is agift to them? On agood day, how are you supposed to realize that an inconvenient pregnancy is worth much of anything when many, if not most, mainstream signs tell you that abortion is just another medical procedure? And if you don’t thinkyour life is worth living? Most of us are awareofhow prevalent suicide is in the United States —the federal government has called it apandemic. It may sound simplistic, but birthdays are asolution. Obviouslyjust ababy step —the least we can do forsomeone. Butitcould be acontributor not only keeping people alive, but helping with joy,and aknowledge that the creator of the universe cares not only for theoceans and mountains and various

“I think it is moreimportant to celebrate abirthday than asuccessful exam, apromotion, or avictory,author Henri Nouwen wrote. “Because to celebrate abirthday meanstosay to someone: ‘Thank you forbeing you.’ Celebrating abirthday is exalting life and being glad forit. On abirthday,we do not say: “Thanks forwhat you did or said or accomplished.” No,wesay: “Thank you forbeing born and being among us.”

Let’sface it: Whatever mistakes we’ve madeand challenges we have —itisgood to be alive. It’s not easy But we can be grateful, and we can have joy.And Ipromise you it can be contagious.

It’s not only about remembering and celebrating birthdays. Treat people like every day is their birthday.Buy them flowers. Surprise them with a book on their desk. Remind them their existence makes lifebetter.Ask about birthdates. Put them in your calendar It’s moreimportant than we may ever fully realize.

Email Kathryn Jean Lopez at klopez@ nationalreview.com.

Ihear from readers who want to know more about how we choose topics for our editorials. The column on theleft-hand side of the page, four days a week, is devoted to the paper’s view on issues of the day Editorials can be hard-hitting or light-hearted, but mostly they’re about bringing readers’ attention to something we on theEditorial Boardthink is worthy of comment.

During alegislative session or periods of political upheaval, there are plentyoftopics to write about. And really,there’snever ashortage of topics. On our editorial pages, we view our role as one focused on issues that matter to Louisiana and our local communities. That’snot to say that we’ll never write on national or global issues, but that’snot our primary role. We read and discuss thebiggest news stories of the day as an Editorial Boardand decide which ones we feel

thepaper should weigh in on. Sometimes we weigh in when we thinkthe publicisn’taware of what’shappening. Sometimes we’re writing to let officials know we’re watching. Some people call editorials “the voice of the paper,” and as that voice, we know we have aresponsibility to call it like we see it. Butinwriting editorials, we want to bring context and insight to theissue, not just harangue the reader with blistering words tearing down people and institutions. There certainly is atime and place forthat. Traditionally,the editorials in newspapers have been thespot to see someharsh takedowns of unscrupulous politicians or other skullduggery.But perhaps themost famous editorial ever written was not acriticism,but adefense, in this case, of childhood wonder.That’s why “Yes, Virginia, there is aSanta Claus,” which was published in The New York Sun in 1897 remains aholiday favorite.

While we don’tknow if any of our editorials will ever match that level of notoriety,wedosometimes try with our editorials to touch achord with readers. There is so much that makes where we live and whoweare in Louisiana special that we hope that is reflected on our pages —aswell as our customary inclination to hold public figures to account. We write with purpose. We hope you read our editorials and see we understand the history of our state and care about its future. If we point out awrong or praise an initiative, it’sbecause we care. We want you to know that we’re just as invested as you are in making Louisiana better Given the holiday,I don’thave an update on the letters forthe week. But we’ll be looking foryour letters as usual, and if you have acomment on our editorials, please let us know Email Arnessa Garrett at arnessa.garrett@theadvocate.com

AMERICA 250

Can Americans come together in this moment?

Panel of historians and scholars discusses the country’s divisions at a milestone birthday

On the opening night of the New Orleans Book Festival at Tulane University on March 12, a group of historians and scholars discussed the meaning of the 250th anniversary of America in this fraught time. The speakers were moderator Jeffrey Goldberg, editor of The Atlantic; historical documentarian Ken Burns, whose latest film series is titled “The American Revolution;“ Walter Isaacson, biographer and professor at Tulane, whose latest book is “The Greatest Sentence Ever Written”; poet and scholar Clint Smith, author of “How the Word Is Passed: A Reckoning With the History of Slavery Across America;” and Annette Gordon-Reed, who wrote “The Hemingses of Monticello: An American Family.”

This conversation has been edited and condensed for space and clarity. The full conversation is available on YouTube. Go to https://bookfest.tulane.edu for more information about the festival.

GOLDBERG: We’re going to talk about the upcoming 250th anniversary celebration of American independence. And three of the four of us on this stage are old enough to remember the bicentennial.

We remember the tall ships and the fireworks and the hot dogs, and even though it was coming right after Watergate, it was a very different feeling than what we have now. It seemed as if most of the questions about America had been sort of settled Ken, what’s different now?

BURNS: I started this project, our documentary series on the history of the American Revolution, when Barack Obama still had 13 months to go in his presidency So I feel in a way like I’ve been run over by the present.

That is to say, there was a huge amount of attention to the centennial in 1876, also a very complicated year And I do remember the Bicentennial really well, and it was notable for the fact that it didn’t in any way correlate to what we’d been through — the Vietnam era, searing civil rights assassinations.

There were hundreds of bombings that had taken place from ‘69 to ‘75 or so. A president had resigned. There was a crippling oil crisis. It was amazingly disconnected, because I think in a way, people had assumed we’d arrived, and everything was just going to be adding layers of positivity to it.

So when we began this, we felt, though in much even more complicated times, that the film that we would be telling would be all right We worried that this coming July 4 would be drowning in fife-anddrum treacle, and we were hopeful that our film might come out, as it did last November, in a way that would offer a kind of counterpoint that would be more complicated And now we’re, of course, arguing about the very meaning of it. About whose history is included and all of that stuff.

And there’s a palpable sense, I think, that is actually ripe for a positive response, because everything is so fraught. The moment feels existential. The threats seem, as they always do in the present, worse than they’ve ever been

The Revolution tells us that’s not true. The Civil War tells us that’s not true. Reconstruction tells us that’s not true. Vietnam and many other periods…

GOLDBERG: History has a strangely calming effect also, knowing the history

BURNS: There is a kind of calming effect And I think that for people who study the past or understand some of the perspectives that an understanding of the past gives you, it helps you Unfinished business

GOLDBERG: Walter, I want to come to you, this idea of the unfinished revolution, I guess the question I have this year is how unfinished is it?

WALTER ISAACSON: When you look at the Declaration of Independence, and I’ve written about that second sentence — that “we hold these truths to be selfevident” sentence you realize it was not a finished description of the nation, but a forcing mechanism and a mission statement, an aspiration of what we could be.

And fourscore and seven years after the founders write that, Lincoln invokes it, saying “a nation conceived in liberty and dedicated the proposition that all men are created equal.” And he wasn’t just giving a speech at Gettysburg. He was consecrating a burial ground, a cemetery there in which young men were being buried for having tried to make that sentence a little bit more true.

And so I think that’s why going back to the founding aspirations and using those as a way to bring us together, not glorifying or sugarcoating it, but also not demeaning the journey that we have been on.

And American history is a narrative in fits and starts. Sometimes progresses, sometimes regresses, but the narrative is to take those founding principles and even that sentence, which not only Lincoln invokes, but it’s in the Seneca [Falls] Declaration of rights for women when they do it.

It’s Martin Luther King’s last speech. It’s LBJ when he signs a civil rights bill.

Fears and hopes

GOLDBERG: Clint, look, you’re a scholar and a writer but you’re also — and I use this word under advisement now — a warrior, in the sense that you are legitimately fighting for the preservation of memory, but the advancement of memory I think a lot of people are surprised that generally accepted memories are so controversial. Now, talk a little bit about this fight. Sometimes you’re writing about it through the prism of institutions, the Smithsonian Institution being obviously one extremely important one, but talk about this fight and talk about things that might have surprised you about this kind of war on accepted memory

SMITH: I think that I’ve been struck by how explicit it is, how direct it is. If we take slavery, for example, our president famously posted in a Truth Social post that the Smithsonian spends too much time thinking about and talking about slavery It spends too much time talking about these sad things these depressing things. It should be more uplifting. He has all these executive orders thinking about what a patriotic education is and that we should be teaching a patriotic education in our curriculums and higher ed, that our museums should reflect notions of patriotism. And what we know is that he has a very narrow sense of what constitutes patriotism. For me and for so many of us who think about the past America is a place that has provided unparalleled, unimaginable opportunity for millions of people across generations in ways that their own ancestors could have simply never imagined. It has also done so at the direct expense of millions and millions of other people who have been intergenerationally subjugated and oppressed, and both of those things, both of those things are the story of America. It’s not this one over here or that one over there. You have to pick this one and not pick that one. Both of those things reflect the totality, the complexity, the cognitive dissonance of this country

If we think about ourselves, I’m a person who has done things in my life that I am proud of, and I am a person who has done things in my life that I’m not proud of. I’ve made mistakes because I’m human, and what I try to teach my children and the way that I try to be in community with my loved ones is that if you make a mistake, you don’t pretend as if you didn’t make a mistake. You don’t pretend as if that mistake doesn’t exist. What you do is you try to acknowledge it and learn from it and become a better version of yourself because of it.

And if that’s the standard I hold myself to, if that’s the standard I hold my children to, why would that not be the same standard that I hold this country to?

GOLDBERG: Annette, I wanted to ask you to talk a little bit about the way to expand upon what Clint is talking about — the way in which you’re seeing people, different political factions, deal with the complicated realities of American history

GORDON-REED: I think a lot of it stems from, well, fear A sense that it’s a zero-sum game.

If you recognize the struggles that some groups

have had, and you try to make recompense for this in whatever way or try to fix the law so that everyone is treated equally, that means that they will lose something. So I think a lot of it has to do with a fear of the loss of privilege, and we just haven’t communicated to one another that there’s enough for everybody That we can be Americans, and we can strive together, and we can all prosper

And we’ve always had this duality in the country from the very beginning: the people who believed in the ideals of the Declaration and people who didn’t. And at various moments, the politics work out so that one side is an ascendancy, and we’re in the ascendancy now of people who don’t believe in America as a creed.

So, I think a lot of it has to do with, as I said at the beginning, fear, and seeing everything as a zero-sum game.

GOLDBERG: Now I want to ask all four of you how you would love to see America recognize its 250th birthday I want you to talk about your own version of patriotism. Ken, you wanna start? Talk about what you would imagine 250 would look like?

BURNS: We have in our editing room and have had for decades, this neon sign that says, in lowercase cursive, “it’s complicated” and that’s it. What we live in is a world in which everything is a binary and real life is not like that.

This is the city that invented jazz, and jazz is so filled with this passionate acknowledgment of the moment. “This is” is what jazz says, and it takes in all of the things that we are. Wynton Marsalis, a son of this city, said in our film, “Sometimes a thing and the opposite of a thing can be true at the same time.” And I think what my idea of what this should be is to embrace that sort of complication.

ISAACSON: You began this panel by talking about the bicentennial, and saying we had just gone through Watergate and Vietnam and the assassinations of Kennedy and King and the urban riots and everything that happened. And then they rang the Liberty Bell, Gerald Ford did, and the tall ships came into our harbors and the fireworks went off, and we healed; we calmed down a bit as a nation. So my hope would be that even as we deeply disagree on different things, we realize we’re all part of this country and that if we can hang together, as they said 250 years ago, we will have the first thing ever on this planet, which is a diverse democracy And so what we could do is we could get up each morning and say, “What can I do each day, every single way, to turn down the hatred and vitriol that gets stoked up in our society?”

Final challenge

SMITH: I try to remind myself to get off my phone. Because if your politics only exists in your phone or manifest themselves through your social media, you will think that everybody is crazy You will think that it’s either you’re with me or you’re against me, that there’s no in between. So, I think the more that we can remember that the digital ecosystem that we live in is distorting our sense of who one another are it allows us to have like a bit more empathy, a bit more humility And again, it’s not going to solve everything. It’s not a panacea. But I try to extend to others the same grace and generosity that throughout so much of my life has been extended to me.

GORDON-REED: What I would hope is what has been said already It’s an interesting moment, though. This is probably the first time that I thought more about the grievances of the Declaration of Independence than the preamble. And the importance of all Americans doing their duty as citizens and being vigilant, not just on social media, but in their communities, on local school boards, all of those kinds of things. Because we’re at a really interesting moment. The question Franklin was asked whether it’s apocryphal or not, the story of it’s a republic if we could keep it — that’s a legitimate question to ask now And the key is people not the individual president, not just the Congress — the actual people of the United States who are going to decide whether this republican experiment is going to continue.

withmeteorologist Damon Singleton

PartsofSoutheast Louisiana are under either amarginal or slight risk of flooding rainfall thismorning.The showers and storms that brought the flood risk shouldbemostlyout of our area by late morning.For latemorning,afternoon and evening expect mostly cloudy, mild and breezy conditions. Temperatures will be much lower todaythan yesterdaywithafternoon highsrising to the low70s.If youhaveafternoon plans, youshouldbeingood shape except for the wetground. Temperatures will be lowertomorrow.

Taylor,Leonard J.

LeonardJ.Taylor was borninNew OrleansonAu‐gust4,1943, andpeacefully passedawayonTuesday, March 24, 2026, at theage of82. He wasthe sonofthe lateArnesta W. Taylor,Sr. and Theodora Jeffrion Tay‐lor.Leonard waspreceded indeath by hisdevoted wifeof56years,Eliska PellebonTaylorand his son,Gregory Swanson (Damita), as well as sib‐lings ArnestaW.Taylor, Jr (Noreen), ConnieT.Bynum (Joe),Errol Taylor,Sr.,and brother-in-law, Harold Jackson.Heissurvivedby his sister,AndreéT.Jack‐son,childrenJulie TaylorVaz (Jacques), Terri TaylorJoseph(Donald), and Leonard Taylor,Jr. (Emily); grandchildren Kristin Swanson Scott(Brandon), Kayla SwansonGauthier (Derek),Marleyand Maria Joseph, Jean-Jacques and Catherine Vaz, andMal‐colmand BrandonTaylor, and great-grandchildren, Savannahand SaintScott MaraisGauthier, as well as familyand lifelong friends. A Mass of ChristianBurial willbeheldatSacred Heart of JesusCatholic Church, 28088 Main Street, Lacombe,LAonMonday, April 6, at 12:00 p.m. Visita‐tion, includingrecitationof the Rosary,willbegin at 10:00 a.m. Arepastimme‐diately followingthe mass willbeheldinthe church hall. Guestbook Online: www.anewtraditionbegins com (504)282-0600. Linear BrooksBoydand Donavin

D.BoydOwners/FuneralDi‐rectors

John Elliott Unsworth, Jr., affectionately known as "Buster," peacefully passed awayonMarch26, 2026.Born in New Orleans on December21, 1941, Buster remaineddeeply connectedtothe city,its people, and the relationshipshecherished the most.

He is survived by his wife, Betty Unsworth; his son,John E. Unsworth III and his wife, Pat; and his grandchildren, Cullenand Erin Unsworth and Abby Unsworth, who brought him immense prideand happiness. He is also survivedbyhis sister,Bettie Nolinand herhusband Allen, as well as his niece, nephew, cousins, and extendedfamily, allofwhom were important to him. He was precededindeath by his parents, Rita and John Elliott Unsworth. Aproud Jesuit High School graduate(Class of 1959), Bustercarriedhis loyalty to Jesuit throughout his life.Heearned his lawdegreefromLoyola University Law School in 1967 and builta respected legal career,retiringasa partneratHailey, McNamara,and Larmann. In 1968, he married his beloved wife, Betty, beginninga 58-year partnership rooted inlove, support, and unwavering commitment to family.Hewas a devotedhusband, asteady presence,and someone his family couldalwaysrely on.

Buster found great joyin givingback.For 25 years, he coachedand served as treasurerofthe Carrollton Boosters, impacting generations of young people. He was also amember of the Knights of Columbus and a faithful parishioner of St. Catherine of SienaCatholic Church. Buster willberemembered for his loyalty, his generosity,and the quiet steady way he supported thepeopleinhis life The family extends their heartfelt thanks to the

many friends and loved oneswho offered friendship, support,and love over theyears. Avisitationwillbeheld at Lake Lawn Metairie FuneralHomeonApril 7, 2026, from 11:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m., with aMass to follow at 1:00 p.m. Interment to follow within Metairie Cemetery. In lieu of flowers,donations may be madeto Manning Family Children's Hospital, 200 Henry Clay Avenue,New Orleans, LA 70118, or online at www.manningchildrens.or g.

Sr.M.FlorettaWilliams, SSND,passed peacefully away on March 21st in Covington. Sr. Flo was eighthoften children born to Elina (Waguespack) & WalterWilliams on October 6, 1942, in Marrero. Survived by siblings, Nell (Williams) Samanie, Hammond,Vera (Williams) Reasor, Georgetown TX, Paul Williams, Hammond spousesand families, nieces and nephews.

Sr.Flo was agiftedand creativeprimary teacher formany years, ministering in avariety of Catholic Schools in the South. She had akeen senseofhumor and agenerous heart which touched many who came to knowand love her. May she now rejoice in her new life with God whomshe served so faithfullyfor 64 years.

Visitwillbegin at 10 AM Thurs., April 9. 2026, a PrayerService/Sharing of Memories at 10:30 AM with aMemorial Mass at 11 AM at St. Anthony's Gardens, 601 Holy TrinityDrive, Covington. Inurnment will be at 1:30 PM in Chatawa. Entrusted to Serenity FuneralHomeof

Covington. https://www.se renitycovington.com/obitu ary/SrM-WilliamsSSND

Mary LaRosa Williamson of Kenner, LA passed away peacefully on February 24th, 2026, at theage of 94. Mary was bornonJune 25th, 1931, in NewOrleans, LA and graduatedfrom Redemptorist High School in NewOrleans, LA.She workedasa switchboard operator at Sarah Mayo Hospital in NewOrleans in her early career, and later workedasa claims supervisor at Stratton Baldwin Wholesaler when she settled back in NewOrleans after spending years travelling with her husband, WilliamWilliamson, Jr Marywas preceded in death by her parents, Joe and Anna LaRosa, and by her loving husband, WilliamWilliamson, Jr.of NewOrleans, LA

She is survivedbyher son, WilliamWilliamson, III (Yvonne), her daughter, M.J.Theaux (Danny), and her grandchildren, Stacey EuperJensen (Jon), Hayley EuperHeyman (David), and Nicholas Williamson (Melissa). She also leaves behindher cherished great -grandchildren, Cameron, Joey,Addy, Sofia, and Maggie, as wellasmany otherlovingrelatives and friendswho willmiss her dearly.

Mary didn't leaveNew Orleans until she left to meether husband,Will, afterhejoined theU.S. Navy. They began thelifeofa militaryfamily in New Mexico. She and Will were stationedacross theU.S as wellasinthe Philippines, where Mary became achampion bowler. Mary was always involvedinactivitieswith other militarywives and families,and they would become lifelong friends.

After retirement,Mary and Will enjoyed traveling and meeting with old friends. Aproud Italian Catholic homemaker, Mary devoted her life to caring

for herfamilyand creating awarm, welcoming home. Though she carrieda driver'slicense, she never drovea day in herlife—somethingher familyalways foundendearing. Petiteinstaturebut mighty in spirit,Mary lovedfiercelyand never met astranger. Shefound great joyin life'ssimple pleasures: spendingtimewith family, cooking meals for those she loved, decoratingher home, shopping, and caringfor animals. Her warmth, generosity, and livelypersonalitymade everyonefeellikefamilythe moment theymet her.

Mary will be rememberedfor herdeep love for herfamilyand herability to bringpeople together Shewill be greatly missed by all whoknewand loved her. Herfamilyfinds comfort in knowing sheisnow at rest with herloving husband.

Thefamilywould like to thank the staff of Old MetairieGardensaswell as NeptuneSociety for the care and compassion they showedtoMary and her familyinher final days and in planningher final arrangements.

Familyand friends are invited to attenda Memorial Mass at St.Philip Neri Church,6500 Kawanee Ave,Metairie,LA70003 on Wednesday, April 8th at 12:00 Noon. Visitation with thefamilywill begin at 11:00 AM

George A. WininghamJr. was called home to rest withthe Lord on March27, 2026. He passedawayfrom thislifefar toosoon, in way that hasleftusall heartbroken,atthe young age of 40. He waspreceded indeath by hisfather, GeorgeA.Winingham Sr., and hisgrandmothers, Sue Sider andKarol M. Wining‐ham.Georgie is survived byhis mother,Stefanie St Angelostepmother, Melissa B. Winingham (James Shirah), hissisters

Tiffanie Winingham(Bran‐don Dupeire),Megan Win‐inghamand brothers,Allen Polizzi (Ashley) andJacob St. Angelo.Heisalsosur‐vived by hisgrandfather, GeorgeH.Winingham and step-grandmother, Carole T.Batt. He wasa wonderful Uncle Georgieto5 nieces and nephews, Ava, Porter, Penelope, Anthonyand Thea. He will be deeply missedbyhis beloved aunt,StacieGrace,lovingly known as “Nanny,” andher children, Maddie Graceand EmmieHeaslip.Hewillalso berememberedbyhis aunt,Karen Breath (Jerry) aswellasthe cousinshe grewupwith, Justin and Nick. Georgiewas alife‐longresidentofMetairie and attended St.Christo‐pher, Archbishop Rummel HighSchool andSouth‐eastern LouisianaUniver‐sity. He regularlyattended Catholic church where he often ranintolongtime friends from Cleary Play‐ground andScouts. The gym wasa wayoflifefor Georgie andwas evidentin his dailyroutine and lifestyle,which naturally madepersonaltraining and landscapingthe per‐fectprofessionfor him. He remainedloyal to everyone hebefriended, despite timeand distance separat‐ing them.His love forfam‐ily wasimmeasurable.He was aprotector of his loved ones andalwayshad anincrediblyoptimistic at‐titude, even whenthe odds werenot in hisfavor.He willbemissedbeyond measure,and we will for‐evermourn hisfuturethat was takentoo soon.Rela‐tives andfriends arein‐vited to attend avisitation atGreenwood Funeral Home, 5200 CanalBlvd. in New Orleans, on Tuesday, April 7, 2026, from 9:00 a.m. to11:00 a.m.,massat11:00 a.m followed by aburialin Greenwood Cemetery.As Georgie hasnow been re‐unitedwithhis treasured pup,Gino, he would find comfort in donationsbeing madetoVillalobosRescue Center(vrcpitbull.com).

AFUN RUN

BY SPENCER URQUHART

Staff writer

About 20,000 people took to the streets of New Orleans to participate in the 48th annual CrescentCity Classic 10K race that occurs yearly on theSaturday before Easter

This year markedthe second straight sold-out Crescent City Classic, which took its traditional route beginning near the Caesars Superdome and ended in City Park. The 6.2-mile race hadanincreased number of participants after sellingout at 18,000 last year

Colombia nativeRolando Ortizcrossedthe finish line first on Saturday with atime of 31 minutes, 4seconds. New Orleans native Bryant White wasnext at 31:42.

Ortiz came to the United States from Bogota, Colombia, fouryears ago forcollege and ran track at the Division Ilevel

This year was hisfirst time competingin the Crescent City Classic.

“I enjoyedthe course,”Ortiz said. “I stayed with the last two(kilometers) and then pushed alittle bit more. The finish was very fast. Therewas alittle inclination, and then Ipushedonto victory.”

Adistance runner in college, Ortiz first attended Eastern Kentucky before transferring to McNeese State, where he graduated.

Whitewas competinginhis fifth Crescent CityClassic andrecorded arunnerup finish for the secondyear in arow.He kept pace with Ortiz most of the way but fell behind in the final mile.

“Aftermile five, the heat got tome,”

White said.“Iwas there, andthenI wasn’t, but I’m fine with the second place (finish). Ididn’thave it at the end, but I was able to makethe moves that Iwanted to make.”

White was representing thePower Milers, aNew Orleans-based running club that he and several other Crescent City

Classic participantswere apart of such as top female finisher Annie LeHardy LeHardy participated in the Crescent City Classic for asecond straight year and finished this year’srace with atime of 33:52, more than three minutesfaster

See RUN, page 5C

BY SCOTTRABALAIS Staff writer

There was perfection at the start and finish for the LSU gymnastics team in Saturday’s NCAA BatonRouge regionalfinal.

In between, there wasdrama, worry, an injury and just ageneral sense of unease as the three other teamsinthe meet —Stanford, Clemson and Michigan —took turns nipping at LSU’s heelsina bid forone of the two transferspots forthe NCAA championships. In the end, the Tigers kept their cool and kept their lead, securing the regional titleand afourth straight trip to nationalswithascoreof197.825, keyedbyperfect 10s from Kailin Chio on vault andKaliya Lincoln on floor

“Wehad to grind that oneout,” avisibly drainedLSU coach JayClark said. “That was an interestingday,tosay the least.” Interesting but not unrewarding. The Tigers, the No. 2national seed, earned their35thtriptothe NCAA championships overall and won their 16th regionaltitle.No. 7nationalseed Stanford held off No. 15 Clemson 197.225197.150 in areverse of their finish at the ACC championships last month. It is the18th triptonationalsfor the Cardinal.

“This is madness,” Stanford coach Tabitha Yimsaid. “It’sApril, but it felt like MarchMadness, man.”

After posting aseason-best and alltime regionalbestscoreof198.375 to win its semifinal Thursday in thePete Maravich Assembly Center, LSU appeared from the start to not be quite up to thatstandard Saturday On vault, LSU had only one score above 9.85, acareer-high-tying 9.90 from Victoria Roberts. At least that was the case until Chio stepped onto the runway. The LSU sophomore executed yet anotherflawless vault routine and was rewarded with her fourth 10.0 score in thatevent this season and12th overall in 2026. She nowhas 13 10.0 marks for her LSU career,five offthe school recordof18bycurrent assistantcoach Haleigh Bryant. Chio’s 10 gave LSUa49.450 on vault and aslim lead overStanford (49.400, bars) and Michigan (49.375, floor), with Clemson in fourth (49.175, beam). In the secondrotation,thingsgot worrisome for both LSU and Stanford. The Tigers lost uneven bars anchor Konnor McClain as she missedthe top barduring herroutine andfellhardto the mat.She remained there for amoment before leaving thefloor holding herright wrist.

James Borrego has preached all season long about histeam’s resiliency and the players not dropping the proverbial sword. Well, that sword shattered into pieces on the floor of Sacramento’s Golden 1Center on Friday night. Ateam still trying to win games because it has no draft picks lost to a tanking team that threw in thetowel monthsago.

The Pelicans blew a17-point lead to the Sacramento Kings in a117-113 loss. Just two weeks removed fromafive-gamewinning streak that may have made observers think they were figuring things out, the Pels now have lost seven straight games. This latest one came against the team with the third-worstrecord in the league.

“Wegave up three 30-point quarters defensively,” Borrego

said. “I thought thatwas thegame. Bottom line.”

The Pelicans led 30-21 at theend of the first quarterand then followed that up by giving up 34, 30 and 32 points over the next three quarters.

The Kings have atradition of lighting apurple victory beam after wins. They haven’tlit the beam much this season, but they gotachancetoon Friday.Atthe same time, they dimmedthe last flickeroflight the Pelicanshad this season.

The Pelicans (25-53) are guaranteed to finish with lessthan30 wins for the second season ina row. It’sthe first time in franchise history they’ve put together backto-back seasons with lessthan30 victories. That’sthe badnews. Here’sthe goodnews: There are only four more gamestowatch, including

two at the Smoothie King Center

The Pelicans host the Orlando Magic on Sunday andthe Utah JazzonTuesday,then hit the road Friday andSunday against theBoston Celtics and MinnesotaTimberwolves,respectively “Just keep competing,” Borregosaidafter Friday’sloss. “That’s the bottom line. Sprint through the finish line. Don’tgive in. The goal is to go win two games at homeright now.” Borrego said earlier in the week thatthere have been no discussions to sit any players. But at some point over these next four games, the Pelicans should give the rookies and twoway players more minutes. These past few games, it’s been rookie Jeremiah Fears showing the most fight. Fearsmatched his career-high with28points Friday. He alsohad eight rebounds, six assists and made five

See WALKER, page 4C

8 a.m. RSSB vs. Nairobi City NBATV 11 a.m. Petro de Luanda vs. J’burg NBATV BOWLING

3

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2:30

11 a.m. Virginia at Duke ACCN

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1:30

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3 p.m. Auburn at Arkansas SECN

5 p.m. Notre Dame at Florida St. ACCN GOLF

7 a.m Drive Chip & Putt Finals Golf

Noon PGA: Valero Texas Open Golf

1:30 p.m. PGA: Valero Texas Open NBC

4 p.m. LPGA: Aramco Championship

12:40

3:30 p.m N.y Mets at San Francisco (JIP) MLBN

6:20 p.m. St. Louis at Detroit NBCSN, Peacock NBA

2:30 p.m. Toronto at Boston NBATV

6 p.m Orlando at New Orleans GCSEN

6:30 p.m. L.A. Lakers at Dallas NBC, Peacock

9 p.m. Houston at Golden St. NBC, Peacock NBA G-LEAGUE

7 p.m. Stockton at South Bay ESPNU

8 a.m. Midlothian at Livingston CBSSN

a.m. Leeds at West Ham ESPN2

p.m.Al Qadsiah at Al Ettifaq FS2 5 p.m. Cavalry FC at Pacific FC FS2 WOMEN’S

Coaches clash in postgame exchange

Auriemma apologizes to Staley day after South Carolina beat UConn

By The Associated Press

PHOENIX Dawn Staley and Geno

Auriemma’s coaching rivalry has had something for everyone on and off the court. It reached a dramatic peak Friday night, and the heated exchange between them stirred all the elements that make their matchups must-see TV.

Auriemma said it started at the beginning of the game, but the ending is what everyone will talk about.

A visibly upset Auriemma went over to Staley in the waning seconds of South Carolina’s 62-48 victory over his UConn team in the Final Four and appeared to chastise her before the two shook hands. Staley responded with “don’t do that” while assistant coaches from both teams separated them.

Staley said after the game she was confused by the exchange.

“I have no idea,” Staley said when asked what happened. “But I’m going to let you know this: I’m of integrity. I’m of integrity. So if I did something wrong to Geno, I had no idea what I did. I guess he thought I didn’t shake his hand at the beginning of the game. I didn’t know I went down there pregame, shook everybody on his staff’s hand.

“I don’t know what he came with after the game, but, hey, sometimes things get heated. We move on.”

Auriemma later said the exchange was about the lack of a traditional pregame handshake between the coaches.

“For 41 years I’ve been coaching and, I don’t know, 25 Final Fours,” Auriemma said. “The protocol is before the game you meet at halfcourt. Anybody see that before? Two coaches meet at halfcourt and they shake hands, correct? Ever see it? They announce it on the loudspeaker

“I waited there for like three minutes. So it is what it is.”

The Gamecocks will play UCLA in their third straight title game on Sunday, but not everyone was willing to move on from the exchange so quickly

Auriemma immediately left the court without shaking hands when the game ended, and the moment quickly spread on social media.

Hall of Famer Lisa Leslie, a for-

mer Olympic teammate of Staley, posted on X: “It’s a real shame that #Geno took the low road! We have all had to lose with class!

Geno of the @UConnWBB needs to start with an apology!!!”

There were no apologies Friday night, but Auriemma issued an apology on Saturday

“There’s no excuse for how I handled the end of the game vs. South Carolina. It’s unlike what I do and what our standard is here at Connecticut,” the Hall of Fame coach said in a statement. “I want to apologize to the staff and the team at South Carolina It was uncalled for in how I reacted. The story should be how well South Carolina played, and I don’t want my actions to detract from that.

I’ve had a great relationship with their staff, and I sincerely want to apologize to them.”

Staley said Saturday morning she was focused on the title game against UCLA on Sunday and not what happened a night earlier

“For me, no distractions at this time. I’m concentrating on winning a national championship, that’s it,” Staley said. “That’s a little disheartening. This is sports, sometimes things like this happen. Continue to focus on my team and ability to advance in this tournament and hopefully win another national championship.”

Coaching rivalry

Auriemma and Staley have been the gold standard in women’s basketball for years, and their battle for supremacy has produced some

of the most thrilling moments in women’s college basketball over the past decade. They’ve coached some of the greatest talent in the game. They have a combined 15 national championships and nearly 2,000 wins with their respective programs, and their teams have faced each other 15 times.

Despite the intensity on the court, Staley and Auriemma have typically exchanged public pleasantries, complimenting each others’ successes and importance to the women’s game. They sparked conversations in 2023 when Staley defended her team after Auriemma criticized the Gamecocks’ physicality but their rivalry had never boiled over in the way it did on Friday

Auriemma ripped the officiating in the third after the Gamecocks were not whistled for a foul in the quarter He continued to voice his displeasure with how Staley spoke to the refs in his postgame news conference.

“I’m of the opinion that if I ever talk to an official like that, I would get tossed,” he said. “So I just want to make sure there’s not a double standard, that some people are allowed to talk to officials like that and other people are not.

That’s it.”

Physical game

The Huskies hadn’t faced much on-court adversity this season, winning almost all of their previous 38 games by a lopsided margin and logging 54 straight victories.

Once adversity hit on Friday, UConn wasn’t able to respond. Auriemma said the officiating didn’t help.

“There were six fouls called that quarter — all of them against us,” Auriemma said on the broadcast at the end of the third quarter “And they’ve been beating the (expletive) out of our guys down there the entire game. I’m not making excuses, ’cause we haven’t been able to make a shot. But this is ridiculous.

“Their coach rants and raves on the sideline and calls the referee some names you don’t want to hear And now we get 6 to 0, and I got a kid with a ripped jersey, and they go, ‘I didn’t see it.’ Come on, man. It’s for a national championship.”

It’s true that it was a physical game. Bodies were flying under the basket for the majority of the night for both teams. UConn was whistled for 17 fouls, while South Carolina was called for just eight.

The problem for stars Azzi Fudd and Sarah Strong was they couldn’t hit shots even when they had a little space to operate. The 6-foot-2 Strong AP’s Player of the Year — was bothered by South Carolina’s interior size, with several of her inside shots rattling in and out.

“Well, sometimes we do forget she’s a sophomore,” Auriemma said. “She’s carried a huge load for this team. An awful lot falls on her Tonight she’ll be the first to tell you that she is not proud of how her game went today.”

Shortly after hiring, LSU assistant lands head coach job

Gabe Lazo named women’s basketball head coach at UCF

BY REED DARCEY Staff writer

It turns out that Kim Mulkey’s newest assistant will not coach at LSU after all.

Gabe Lazo, the former Tennessee assistant who recently accepted a role on Mulkey’s staff, will instead run his own program next season. The University of Central Florida announced Saturday that it had named Lazo its new head women’s basketball coach — just four days after the Tigers said he was moving down to Baton Rouge.

“I’m so happy for Gabe,” Mulkey told The Advocate in a phone interview on Saturday

“How could you not be happy for someone to be a head coach for

the first time and to do it in his home state?” Lazo, a Miami native, resigned from his position with the Lady Vols on March 27 and officially accepted a coaching gig at LSU the next day, according to his term sheet. The Golden Knights then fired their head coach, former Mulkey assistant Sytia Messer, two days later

“This is a special place with tremendous potential,” Lazo said in a statement. “As a Florida native, this opportunity means a great deal to me. I look forward to building meaningful relationships with our student-athletes, competing at a high level in the Big 12, and making Knight Nation proud.”

Before he worked at Tennessee, Lazo spent two seasons on coach Sam Purcell’s staff at Mississippi State. Purcell said in 2025 that Lazo was “an absolute workhorse” who would be a head coach one day

“He’s a big, strong dude,” Purcell said, “but he’s a teddy bear inside. And his life and where he’s been... Man, he can relate to a lot of kids. And he has a passion and energy for life that sets him apart from other people.” Lazo is known for his recruiting chops. He helped Tennessee sign the nation’s second-best 2025 freshman class, according to ESPN, and then he played a key role in its successful push to sign 6-foot-3 forward Oliviyah Edwards — one of the top recruits in the Class of 2026. At LSU, Lazo was going to fill the role left behind by Gary Redus — the former Mulkey assistant who’s now the head coach at Rutgers. He hired LSU assistant Daphne Mitchell to his new staff, giving the Tigers two vacancies to fill this offseason. Mulkey thought she addressed one of those roles by hiring Lazo, but now he’s on the move again.

Missouri softball blanks LSU to close out series

After scoring 25 combined runs during two comfortable wins to open a three-game series, the No.20 LSU softball team could not muster a single one on Saturday in a 1-0 loss to Missouri in Columbia, Missouri. Abby Hay’s single in the bottom of the third inning drove in Addy Waits, who walked with one out, for the only run in the game off LSU starter Paytn Monticelli. Starting pitcher Cierra Harrison made it stand for Missouri (2120, 5-7 SEC) by throwing seven shutout innings with four hits, two walks and three strikeouts. Char Lorenz was the only LSU (25-13, 6-9) hitter with multiple hits. After having four players hit a home run on Friday, LSU could not record an extra-base hit on Saturday

LSU signee ties for fourth at Augusta amateur event

LSU golf signee Raegan Denton’s first trip to the Augusta National Women’s Amateur will be one to remember The Adelaide, Australia, native finished in a tie for fourth place Saturday at 8-under 208 with a 3-under-par 69 at Augusta National Golf Club.

“There’s been so many different emotions,” Denton, the world’s No. 43-ranked amateur, said after her round. “Definitely some nerves for sure, but overall really proud of myself. I definitely could have gone lower But still, to shoot 3 under at Augusta, not a lot of people can say that.”

Denton finished six strokes back of the winner, Colombia’s Maria Jose Marin (202), a junior at Arkansas and the reigning NCAA champion.

MacIntyre leads by two as Texas Open suspended SAN ANTONIO Robert MacIntyre made one birdie in six holes and was leading by two shots Saturday in the Texas Open when storms halted play for just over five hours until the PGA Tour decided to suspend the third round for the rest of the day

That sets up a marathon finish Sunday in the final event before the Masters, with some players having to go 30 holes to finish the tournament. Groups will stay together the rest of the way MacIntyre was at 15-under par at the TPC San Antonio. Ludvig Aberg had three birdies in six holes playing alongside MacIntyre to reach 13 under No one played more than 14 holes of the third round.

Injured Reaves out for rest of Lakers’ regular season

LOS ANGELES Austin Reaves will miss the rest of the Los Angeles Lakers’ regular season with a Grade 2 oblique muscle injury Reaves and Luka Doncic are both sidelined for at least the next five games for the Lakers, throwing a major complication into Los Angeles’ postseason hopes.

Doncic is out for at least the next two weeks after straining his left hamstring in the Lakers’ blowout loss to Oklahoma City Reaves also got injured in the first half of that loss to the Thunder on Thursday, but he returned to the game. He is averaging 23.3 points, 5.5 assists and 4.7 rebounds.

The Lakers have won 16 of their last 19 games to surge into the third seed in the Western Conference. The playoffs begin in two weeks.

The transfer portal opens Monday, and Mulkey said she expects to have two new assistants in place “soon.” She also told WAFB-TV on Thursday that she expects to lose only one player to the portal this cycle: freshman point guard Divine Bourrage.

Lazo signed a two-year deal worth $740,000 to join Mulkey’s staff. He was set to pocket the same base salary he earned at Tennessee, and according to his term sheet, he does not owe LSU a buyout because he landed a head coaching position elsewhere.

“He’s a proven competitor at every level of the game,” UCF athletic director Terry Mohajir said in a statement, “with deep Florida roots, an elite ability to connect with people, and a track record of developing student-athletes on and off the court.”

Email Reed Darcey at reed. darcey@theadvocate.com.

Verlander put on 15-day injured list with hip injury

DETROIT Justin Verlander’s longawaited return to Comerica Park as a member of the Detroit Tigers has been put on hold.

Verlander, the major league’s oldest active player at 43, was placed on the 15-day injured list with left hip inflammation.

Verlander was scheduled on Sunday night to make his first start in a Tigers uniform at Detroit’s home park since Aug. 20, 2017. “It’s frustrating for me, obviously,” Verlander said. “I also know a lot of fans were excited about tomorrow night.” Verlander was dealt to Houston at the trade deadline that season. He re-signed with Detroit on a oneyear, $13 million contract in February after spending last season with San Francisco.

UConnreaches nationaltitle game again

Huskiesbeat Illinois,willplayin thirdtitle game in four years

BY MICHAEL MAROT Associated Press

INDIANAPOLIS UConngot another critical 3-pointer fromBraylon Mullins and coach Dan Hurley’s Huskies muscled their way back to the national title game, beating Illinois 71-62 in the Final Four on Saturday night as they seek their thirdchampionshipinfourseasons. TarrisReedhad 17 pointsand 11 rebounds, while the fabulous freshman Mullins scored15 for theHuskies(34-5),who rode strong inside play and tough defense to their 19th straightvictory in the Sweet 16 or later rounds of the NCAA Tournament.

UConn will face Arizona or

Michigan onMonday night as it seeksits seventh title, all since 1999, andthird under Hurley,who would become the only active coach with more than two.

“You’re set up forsuccess at UConn,” Hurley said. “Geno Auriemma, Jim Calhoun, Kevin Ollie, just someincredible coaches beforeme. I’ve got the best staff in the country.I’ve got an incredible group of players. Andthere’s nothing like the busride to the stadium on Monday night when you’re one of the last twoteams standing.”

Mullins, whose buzzer-beating 3-pointer sent theHuskiespast Duke and into theFinal Four,hit a catch-and-shoot 3with52seconds left —his only basket of the second half —togive UConn a66-59 lead.

“We’resoready forthe national championship game,”Mullins said.

“This is what Icame herefor.Let’s getitonMonday.”

Freshman Keaton Waglerhad 20 pointsand eight rebounds to lead the Fighting Illini (28-9), who reached theirfirstFinal Four since

Lena

forward Angela Dugalic,second

after defeating Texas in the Final Four on FridayinPhoenix.

UCLA,South Carolina expect more physicality

BY JOHN MARSHALL

AP sportswriter

PHOENIX South Carolina battered and bruised UConn in the women’sNCAA Tournament semifinals, ending the Huskies’ undefeated season while sendingtheir coach to the end of his rope.

That was just apreludeto the second Final Four game, in which UCLA turned arematch into awrestling match and tapped out Texas’ hopes of asecond national title.

Theofficials haveswallowed their whistles in this Final Four,which began with the same four teams that played in last year’snational semifinals. The teams still left standing expect the physical play to continue in Sunday’snational championshipgame,but they hope it’snot to the same brutal degree.

“I hope the game is alittle more aesthetically pleasing (Sunday),” UCLA coach Cori Close said Saturday “Wewant to be able to have avery stylistic game that shows off the progress of the game, that continues to grow the game nationally to people who are tuningin. We’ve just got to figure out where that gap is and how we can close it.”

Dawn Staley has created asecond power source in women’scollege basketball, putting South Carolinain position to win afourth national title in nine seasons.

The Gamecocks haven’t yet supplanted UConn atop thewomen’s hoopsword —the Huskies won their 12thtitle last season—yet they served notice that they aren’tabout to back down to the standard-setters with a62-48 win on Friday.The thumping ended the Huskies’ 54-game unbeaten streak and sent coach Geno Auriemma into apostgame tizzy that had him apologizing aday later UCLA’s story started with ablowout loss to UConnin last year’sFinal Four.The

ASSOCIATEDPRESS

South Carolina guard Ta’niyaLatson practices on Saturday ahead of Sunday’snational championship game in Phoenix

Four teamsat19.7 points pergame anddid alittle bit of everything against UConn, finishing with 11 points, eight rebounds, three steals, two assists and ablock.

Bruins— particularlyAllAmerican Lauren Betts used the loss as motivation during theirrecord-setting return to the Final Four Texas was the only team to beat the Bruins this season, butUCLAserveda smothering dose of payback with a 51-44 win to reach the NCAA championship game for the first time.UCLAisvying for its first national championship since taking the 1978 title,when women’sbasketballwas governed by the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women. Betts struggled in thefirst game against Texas, butwas thedeciding factor in the Bruins’ Final Four win

The two-time All-American —the firstinUCLA women’shistory —had 16 points, 11 rebounds and three blocked shots, includingthe game-clinching swat against TexasAll-American Madison Booker with20secondsleft.

South Carolina hasa big front line,anchored by 6-foot-6 senior MadinaOkot, but Joyce Edwards is the engine that makes theGamecocksgo.

Thesecond-team AllAmerican is the leading scorer amongthe Final

The transfer portal played akey role in thefinal teams’ run to thetitle game.

Ta’Niya Latson was the nation’s leading scorer at Florida State and has fit in well with theteam-first mentality at South Carolina.

The 5-9 senior guard was theGamecocks’ secondleading scorer at 14.4 ppg —down 11 pointsfromlast year —and scored 16 points against UConn. Okot, aMississippi State transfer,has givenSouth Carolina added heft in the middle. The 6-6 senior is the Gamecocks’ third-leading scorer at 13 ppg and their leading rebounder at 10.8.

UCLAadded twokey contributors in guards Gianna Kneepkens and Charlisse Leger-Walker Kneepkens hasaveraged 12.8 points and3.2 assists since transferring from Utah.The 6-foot senior scored 10 pointsand hit a key 3-pointer during arun that pushed UCLA’s lead to 13 against Texas. Leger-Walker was still working her way back from atorn ACLthat costher the 2024-25 season when UCLA losttoTexas early in the season.

of freshmen to top 15 points in aFinalFour gamesince

ing in 1982.

UConn’sAlex Karaban had nine pointson1-of-8 shooting while adding four rebounds and four assists.He’strying to becomethe first playersinceJohnWooden’s dominant UCLA teamsinthe 1960s and 1970s to finish his career as athree-time champion. He also tied Hurley’sbrother,Bobby,for secondonthe career listwith18 March Madness victories.

The Huskies haven’tlost atournament game played past the opening weekend since 2009, when they fell in the national semifinals to Michigan State. With one more victory,they wouldbreak atie with North Carolina and move into third place alone in national titles, trailing only UCLA (11) and Kentucky (eight).

TomislavIvisic had 16 points andseven rebounds forIllinois, but the Illini couldn’treplicate the blueprint that carriedthemto double-digit victories over Penn, VCU, Houstonand Iowa.Illinois madejust 3of143-pointers in the first half and finished 6of26beyond the arc.

Bruins show they won’t back down from fight

BY BILL PLASCHKE Los Angeles Times (TNS)

It was ugly

It was beautiful.

It was amessy rock fight.

It was Bruin ballet

In front of astunned crowd at Phoenix’sMortgage Matchup Center on Friday night, the UCLA women’sbasketball team defied stereotypes and defined toughness to do what few believed this dancing, dazzling group could do.

They beat somebody up.

They stared down presumably rougher Texas in thenational semifinals and painted the floor in streaks of Longhorn and won the second-most important gameoftheir lives.

Now they get to play the mostimportantgame.

With their 51-44 victory over the burned Orange, theBruins have advanced to thenational championship gameSunday against aphysically dominant group from powerhouse SouthCarolina.

Putupyour dukes.

If you thought UCLA needed to takeoff the gloves against Texas, wait until they go bare knuckles with the deep and experienced Gamecocks.

Based on legacy alone,

the national title bout is a mismatch.

South Carolina, under legendary coach Dawn Staley,isplaying in the national championship game forthe third consecutive year and fourth timein five years. Meanwhile, this is UCLA’s first title game appearance in the NCAA era.

South Carolina has won three championships in the past eight non-COVID-19 seasons. Meanwhile, UCLA is searching forits first NCAA championship and first title of any sort since Ann Meyers Drysdale led the Bruins to the 1978 AIAW crown. Count the Bruins out if you must. But against Texas, ateam that had dominated them during the regular season, the Bruins did all the counting as the Longhorns lay flat on their backs during an eventual knockout. It turns out, being led by six seniors and graduate students on amission to finish their careers together as champions matters. It turns out, awillingness to do whatever it takes to winthat title matters even more. And it turns out, 30 straight wins mean something. These Bruins don’t flinch. These Bruins don’t

retreat. These Bruins don’thave any doubt that they can survive whatever South Carolina throwsat them “The job’snot finished,” said Gabriela Jaquez, who once again seemingly showed up around every loose ball. “Still have one moregame to win.” There are players on this team whohave madefour straight trips to the Sweet 16 and consecutive trips to the Final Four South Carolina knocked the Bruins out during one of those tournaments. They’re wellawareit could easily happen again. But pressure moments Sunday afternoon with the basketball world watching? Bring it on. “I think in those moments, we’re just so connected that regardless of what the score is, we could have been down10, we still would have been as connected as if we were up 10,” said Betts, whomissed only three of 10 shots and had 11 rebounds. “I’m just really proud of this group. Ithink it showsthe maturity.I know Ican count on anybody on this team, regardless of what the score is. We’re going to continue to show up and compete.” For one moregame. For one last time. For forever

LINDSEy WASSON

ASSOCIATED

first half of aWNBAgameagainst theSeattle

BY SCHUYLER DIXON AP sportswriter

DALLAS— Cooper Flagg didn’tget acall, andhis coach and ateammategot kicked out of the game trying to stickupfor the rookie No. 1pickofthe Dallas Mavericks.

Lessthan aquarter later,Flagg becamethe first teenager to score 51 points in an NBA game in Dallas’ 138-127 loss to the Orlando Magic on Friday night.

Flaggscored 24 points in the fourth quarter after coach Jason Kidd andforward Naji Marshall wereejected for complaining about what they thought was anocall when Desmond Banefouled Flagg.

secutive home loss. It’sthe longest homelosing streak since Dallaslost the first 19 games at since-demolished Reunion Arena in 1993-94.

“It’salways fungetting into that type of mode,” Flagg said. “The basket feels big. My teammates are looking outfor you, helping you out. But Ilike to win. Thatwas my main focus. It’shard for me to fully enjoy myself out there when we’re down20, down 10, down 15, forthe majorityof the game.”

Flagg said he thought it was obvious Bane had fouled him in the opening twominutes of the fourth.

StormonMay 20, 2023, in Seattle.

U.S. Olympicwomen’s hoops team from 1996 setfor HOF

BY DOUG FEINBERG AP basketball writer

PHOENIX Candace Parker,Elena Delle Donne, Chamique Holdsclaw and the 1996U.S.Olympic women’sbasketball teamwill be enshrined in the Naismith Memorial BasketballHall of Fame later this year Parker,Holdsclaw and members of the 1996 Olympic team were all in attendance Fridayathalftime of the UConn-South Carolina game during thewomen’s Final Four,where the selections were announced, as was Amar’e Stoudemire and Mike D’Antoni. They will be joined by longtime NBAofficialJoey Crawford,NBA coach Doc Rivers and Gonzaga coach Mark Few in theHall of Fame. Parker won three titles in the WNBA with three different teams: Los Angeles, Chicago and Las Vegas. She is the only player in leaguehistory to win both the

MVP and Rookie of the Year in the same season. She alsowon two titles while playing in college for Tennessee under Hall of Fame coach Pat Summitt, plus two Olympic gold medals and two WNBAMVP awards.

Delle Donne won two league MVPawards in 2015and 2019, thesecond of which came when she led theWashington Mystics to their lone WNBA championship. Delle Donne became the first player in league historytoshootmore than 50% from thefield, 40% from behind the 3-point line and 90% from the free-throw line. Holdsclaw won threestraight titles at Tennessee from 1996-98, the first team to accomplish that. The1998 championship was Tennessee’sfirst undefeated season at 39–0 and the Vols also set an NCAA record for themost wins in aseason. Holdsclaw went on to have an 11-year WNBA career Stoudemire, who was the only

NBAplayer in this year’sclass, was the NBARookie of the Year in 2003 and six-time All-Star.He spent the first eight years of his career withthe Phoenix Suns, where he teamed with D’Antoni.

Rivers has1,192victories on his resume, which puts him sixth on the all-time wins list. He led theBoston Celtics to the NBA championship in 2008 and also was in charge of the Los AngelesClippers during their Lob City era.

Few haswon more than 770 games at Gonzaga in his career at theschool. He set theNCAA Division Imen’s coachingrecord by winning 81 games in his first three years at theschool.

Crawford officiated 2,561 regular-season NBA games and 50 Finals games over his 39-year career.Heretired in 2016.

The enshrinement ceremony will take place in August at the Hall of FameinSpringfield, Massachusetts.

NBAinvestigation into disputebetween Bucks, Antetokounmpoisongoing

BY STEVE MEGARGEE AP sportswriter

MILWAUKEE An NBA investigation into the dispute between the Milwaukee Bucks and Giannis Antetokounmpo regardingthe two-time MVP’sinjury status is ongoing.

TheNBA issueda statement offering an update on the investigation Saturday,aday afterAntetokounmpotold the MilwaukeeJournal Sentinel and TheAthleticthat he’shealthy and he wants to play.

Antetokounmpo hasn’tplayed since leaving aMarch 15 victory over the Indiana Pacers after landing awkwardly on adunk. The Bucks released an injuryreport Saturday ruling him out for Sunday’smatchup with the Memphis Grizzlies, which will mark the 11th straight game he has missed.

“The NBA’s Player Participation Policy investigation intothe Milwaukee Bucks and Giannis Antetokounmpoisongoing andcertain facts remain in dispute,” an NBA spokesman said. “The investigation has found that the Bucks scheduled Giannis to workout last week in three-on-three scrimmages as part of his return-to-play process, but he declined topartici-

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3-pointers. The 19-year-old Fears is the youngest player in league history to score 25 points with at least five rebounds, assists and 3-pointers

“That’s’ what development and growth is about,” Borrego said. “He’sstacking high-quality games together. He’simpacting winning. His effort defensively

pate. There is adisagreement as to whetherthe team requested that Giannis participate in agroup workout earlier this week, and the league is continuing to monitor the situation.”

ESPN first reported that an investigation was taking place.

SincethatIndiana game, the Bucks have ruled Antetokounmpo out due to left knee hyperextension and abone bruise. Antetokounmpohas been participatingin pregamewarmupslately withno apparentlimits.

“I’mhealthy,”Antetokounmpo told reporters before theBucks 133-101 loss to the Boston Celtics on Friday.“Ihateitwhen people force me to do things against my nature. I’m aplayer.I get paid to play.”

TheBucks were eliminatedfrom postseason contention on March 28, snapping their string of nine straight playoff appearances. Sundaywill mark the careerhigh 42nd game Antetokounmpo hasmissedthis season.Hehad two extended absences earlier this season due to right calf strains. He also sat out four games early this season with aleft adductor strain.

The 31-year-old Antetokounmpo says he’sfeeling better now and

is there. Obviously,he’smaking big plays for us offensively.I’m really proud of his growth.” SeeingFears’ growth is promising. But seeing your 6-foot-3 rookie point guard also lead the team with eight rebounds in a game is not. Rebounding and dependable3-point shooting should be high on Joe Dumars’ list of priorities this offseason. The Pels were outrebounded 46-36 on Friday.They’ve been outrebounded in every game of

wants to getbackonthe floor.He has played his entire13-year career withMilwaukee, which selected him with the15th overall pick in the2013 draft.

Given his long history with the team,Antetokounmpo said the Bucks shouldhave known he wouldn’twant to be shut down for theseason just because their playoff hopes have vanished.

“You knowwho you’re dealing with,” Antetokounmpo said Friday. “So, for somebodytocome and tell me to not play or to not compete, it’slike aslap in my face.”

This disputecomes amid much speculation regarding Antetokounmpo’sfuture withthe Bucks.

Antetokounmpo becomeseligibletosign afour-year contract extension worth up to $275 million in October.Ifhedoesn’t sign the extension, Antetokounmpo could become afree agentafter the 2026-27 season, or the Bucks could decide to trade him beforehand.

Bucks coach Doc Rivers said after Monday’sgame that he wishes this disagreement had been kept between the twoparties. Rivers added that “this is agrown man’s game,and it should be handled that way by everybody.”

theseven-game losing streak. “That’sgot to becomeamindset for this group, for this organization going forward,” Borregosaid. “Can you rebound theball or not? That will define if this group takes the next step or not.” Friday’sloss to the Kings was a stepbackward. Be careful. Don’tsteponthat sword.

Email RodWalker at rwalker@ theadvocate.com.

Kidd was tossedeventhough he was assessed just onetechnical foul,while Marshallhad gotten another tech at the end of the first half. Hissecond came just moments after Kidd was thrown out.

“It’sgreat to see,” Flagg said after going 19 of 30 from the field and making all seven of his free throws to top his previous career highof49ina123-121 loss to Charlotte on Jan. 29.

“I alreadyknow that coach has my back andNaji Iknowhe hasmyback forsure outthere,” Flagg said. “Just seeing their emotion, seeing them fight for me and fight for the calls. Definitely someemotion, and motivated me even further.”

Flagg initially exited thegame with 45 points, but assistant coach FrankVogel,filling in for Kidd, told the 19-year-old he was just resting him during adefensive possession. Vogel calledatimeout to get Flagg back in with 3:22 remaining, and Flaggmadehistorya little morethana minute later He missed a3-pointer the first timedown,then missed afollow attempt on Brandon Williams’ miss, gotthe rebound again and madea corner 3.

On the next Dallas possession, he hit an off-balance shotinthe lane while getting fouled to clinch 50, made the free throw andleft to astanding ovation.

The Mavericks were down 30 when Flagg started his fourthquarter scoringbarrageinwhat ended up being their14th con-

“I think it waswarranted,” Flagg said about Kidd’sreaction. “I’m notgoing to lie. Italkedto Baneafter theplay, and he told me he was intentionally trying to foul me.I honestly don’tknow howtheydidn’t see that.Obviously,they must not have had the rightview,ortheyweren’t paying attention. But they missed it.” Kiddsaidthere was“alot of excitement in the back” as he watched Flagg on aTVdelay, hearing thecrowd reaction before thebuckets as theformer Duke standout was 8of12from thefieldand 4of6 from deep in the fourth.

Flagg’sprevious career high came against former Duke teammate Kon Knueppel, the fourth overallpickand fellowcontender forrookie of the year Kidd continues to stumpfor Flagg to winthe sameaward that Kidd wonwith the Mavs 31 years ago, and dropped aMichael Jordan reference after Flagg’slatest milestone. Yes, Jordan was the 1985 Rookie of the Year “He shouldberookie of the year,” Kidd said. “It’sunbelievable. The country’snot watching thesame thing we gettowatch on adaily basis. He’s in rare air. He’s with theGOATwhenyou talk aboutMJand whathedid in his rookie year.And as ateenager, to seewhatCooper’s doing, just theexcitement, thejoy,playing the game, winorlose, his spirit, is about winning. Right now we’re not.”

For at least one night, the rookie overshadowed thelong home losing streak, even though he couldn’tend it.

LSU gym moves on, but maybe without McClain

BY REED DARCEY Staff writer

Star LSU gymnast Konnor Mc-

Clain injured her right arm on the uneven bars routine she tried Saturday in the Tigers’ NCAA regional final win, coach Jay Clark said after the meet.

McClain, a junior, mounted the high bar but quickly slipped off the apparatus and fell onto the mat before she could begin her routine A trainer attended to her under the bars, and then she walked off the floor under her own power The Tigers scratched her from their balance beam lineup as a result.

Clark said that trainers believe McClain’s elbow and shoulder are structurally intact but that they won’t have an official prognosis until she undergoes further testing.

“She had to really reach for that release to catch,” Clark said. “When you’re stretched out long, and it torques on it, it can do some things to your elbow

“Just frustrated for her Because she gets going, gets in a good rhythm and feeling good and getting her confidence going again, and then something seems to kind of knock her down and I know she’s frustrated with that pattern.” McClain has battled injuries throughout her career In 2022, a back injury prevented her from defending the all-around title she won at the U.S. Championships. Then the 2024 Olympics rolled around, and McClain couldn’t push for a spot on Team USA because she had torn her

LSU GYM

Continued from page 1C

McClain’s failure to complete the routine meant LSU had to count Chio’s 9.80 — just her eighth score in her dazzling season below a 9.90 — and gave the Tigers a 49.300 in the event and a 98.750 mark midway through the meet. Clemson was close behind at 98.600 after a 49.425 on floor followed by Michigan (98.475) and Stanford (98.350), which had to count two sub-9.80 scores on beam and got a 48.950. LSU had to scratch McClain on beam and replaced her in the fifth spot in the lineup with Madison Ulrich. The Tigers got a 9.90 to start out from Kylie Coen and a 9.975 in the anchor spot from Chio for a 49.425. Chio, who has five 10s this season on beam, got 10s from two judges and 9.95s from the other two.

LSU’s score put the Tigers at 148.175 going to the final rotation. Stanford leaped back into contention for a transfer spot,

RUN

Continued from page 1C

than any other woman.

“This year I trained a little bit harder, so I was excited to come put my training to the test,” LeHardy said. “I was really trying to focus on my pace those middle 2 miles. (The end) was tough. It got pretty hot pretty quickly, but the crowd was amazing.”

From Roanoke, Virginia, LeHardy was a distance runner at the University of North Carolina. She now lives in New Orleans and is a

Achilles tendon

The arm that McClain injured Saturday is the same one she hurt earlier this season while she warmed up on bars for LSU’s road meet against Oklahoma on Feb. 20 That night, she hurt her forearm, wrist and ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) but missed only three routines.

Only a week later against Alabama, McClain turned in a 9.975 on the balance beam and 9.90s on vault and bars.

“I told (my teammates) I was competing no matter what,” McClain said that night. “I said I wasn’t sitting out another meet The coaches said, ‘You can sit out,’ and I said, ‘Unh-unh.’

tying Clemson for second at 147.900 after the Cardinal got a 49.550 on floor Michigan slipped to fourth at 147.575 after a 49.100 on bars.

LSU’s chances looked good as the Tigers went to floor, where they’ve ranked No. 1 for most of the season. After 9.85s from

mother of two. “(New Orleans) is amazing,” LeHardy said. “(My husband and I) call it home now Our children love it here.”

Alicia Stamey of Baton Rouge was the female runner-up with a time of 37:16, followed by Courtney Cobb of Lafayette at 37:34, Emmi Aguilard of Baton Rogue at 38:38 and Maxey Hebert of Marietta, Georgia, at 38:47. The rest of the top male finishers were Augustin Juneu of Baton Rouge at 32:06, Jacob Plochar of Gautier, Mississippi, at 32:18 and Carlos Zervigon of Baton Rogue at 32:23.

Emily Innes and Nina Ballou, the Tigers built up their scores with a 9.875 from Coen, a career-hightying 9.95 from Amari Drayton and a 9.975 from Chio. It looked like the super sophomore would win the event, but Lincoln came in behind her in the final routine of the night with a

The Crescent City Classic’s post-race festival occurred in City Park as runners crossed the finish line, with New Orleansbased band Flow Tribe taking the stage. The yearly costume contest was won by a group dressed as characters from the show “Stranger Things.”

“It feels pretty surreal to look around and see this many people having a good time,” Crescent City Classic operations director Kristen Stuart said. “We weren’t sure we’d ever get back to (20,000 people) after COVID, so we’re just really thankful for the community.”

On Thursday when LSU advanced to the regional final, McClain scored a 9.95 on bars and 9.90s on vault and beam, helping LSU post a season-high 198.375 team score. That mark was also high enough to set a program regional record. The No. 2-seeded Tigers finished Saturday’s meet in the Pete Marav-

ich Assembly Center with a 197.825 score, which was high enough for them to advance comfortably into nationals. No. 7 seed Stanford will join them in Fort Worth, Texas, on April 16 after posting a 197.225 to finish in second place ahead of No. 15 seed Clemson (197.150) and No. 10 seed Michigan (196.750)

“When somebody goes down like Konnor did,” Clark said, “you wonder how the team will respond but I really don’t worry about that with this group because they stay where they should mentally and emotionally.”

Two sophomore LSU gymnasts scored perfect 10s on Saturday: Kailin Chio on vault and Kaliya Lincoln on floor Chio earned two perfect scores on Thursday, and she now has a nation-leading 12 such marks on the season.

Clark said the Tigers were “not sharp by our standards” but that he was “super proud of them” for pushing through McClain’s injury and advancing to nationals.

LSU now has reached that round of the NCAA Tournament in four consecutive seasons. Last year, it advanced to the national championship meet but finished third in the semifinals and did not advance to the final four teams.

Clark is unsure whether McClain will be able to help the Tigers try to top that finish this season.

“We just got to let her know we love her,” Clark said, “and we’re going to make sure we do everything in our power to get her feeling better and

flawless performance to earn her first career 10.0 score Meanwhile, Stanford cinched a trip to nationals with a 9.95 in the anchor spot on vault from Taralyn Nguyen, while Clemson’s bars anchor Quinn Kuhl got a 9.75 Had the scores been reversed, Clemson would have advanced to its

first NCAA championships. LSU’s Ashley Cowan tied for first on bars with three Stanford gymnasts with 9.90 marks: Ava Sorrento, Anna Roberts and Ui Soma. The NCAA championships are set for April 16 and 18 in Fort Worth, Texas.

LSUgetsmileage outofsometruefreshmen

BY KOKI RILEY Staff writer

LSU baseball has leaned on its freshmen more than many anticipated heading into this season. The Tigers were expected to be a veteran-laden group in 2026, with multiple starters back from anational championship-winningteam and the additionof10 players from the transfer portal

But LSU has turned to ahandful of youngplayers to fill important roles through the first half ofthe season. Here’salook at whereeach freshman stoodbefore this weekend’sseries against Tennessee.

MasonBraun,OF/1B

Braun started most of the games before LSU’sconference slate and entered Tuesday’sgame hitting .264 with an .866 on-base plus slugging percentage. Hisoutfield defense needswork,but he has a pretty swing that generates alot of contact, and he can hit the ball to all fields. Braun might not start against many left-handed pitchers, but expect LSU coach Jay Johnson to turn to his bat often the rest of the season.

Reagan Ricken,RHP

Rickenhas struggledasamidweekstarterthe past few weeks

He’sfailed to get out of the first inning in each of his three midweek starts andhas had trouble with his control. He’saformer high school quarterback,and his athleticism shows up onthe mound. Turning those tools into consistency will be crucial for him moving forward.

Jack Ruckert, 2B

The defensive struggles at secondbase have helped open up playingtime for Ruckert, whoJohnson believed is LSU’sbestoption at the position. But he’s struggled at second, having committed three errors. On March27against Kentucky, Johnson turned to freshmanEthan Claussasadefensive replacement at second instead of Ruckert.

Omar Serna, C

Serna has started 18 games while alsoserving as Kansas transfer and right-hander CooperMoore’sprimary catcher.His workload has been similar to that of sophomore Cade Arrambide’s last season until recently,ashe

De La Salle freshmanya’Myri Brown, shownduring agameagainstSt. Joseph’sonJan.23, was namedtothe Class3ALSWAall-state firstteam.

De

La Salle, Sacred Heartstars namedto

LSWA all-stateteams

BY CHRISTOPHER DABE Staff writer

De La Salle freshman Ya’Myri Brown and Sacred Heart senior Leah Varisco earned spots on the Class 3A all-state girls basketball team for the second year in arow, as selected by the LouisianaSports Writers Association. Brown wasa first-team selection, averaging 19.7 points pergame. Varisco, asecond-team selection, averaged 13.5 points fora team that reached the statetournament for the second year in arow Outstanding player selections

went to Sterlington senior Cooper Nelson (boys) and UniversityjuniorKennedy Aldridge (girls). Nelson isSterlington’sall-time leading scorer with 2,972 points and averaged 27 points per game this season.Aldridge averaged 23.2 pointsper gameonaU-High team that won the Division II select state title. Coach of the year selections wenttoMarksville’sAntonio Benjamin after winning the Division III nonselect boys titleand to Westlake’sGloria Fontenot after winning the Division III nonselect girls title.

started every game at catcher for LSUagainst Kentuckylast weekend. Offensively,Serna has been on asurge lately withan OPS over .800 and three homers this year

Zion Theophilus,RHP

Theophilus’ control has been inconsistentsince Johnson praised

thefreshman forhis ability to hit hisspotsinthe strike zone. He’s appeared in two SEC games and hasa 4.05 ERAwith six walks in 62/3 innings this season

Marcos Paz, RHP Pazhas struggled mightily with his command since his return from Tommy John surgery.He’s

had trouble corralling his breaking ball, andhis fastballvelocity has been inconsistent, which has led to an 8.30 ERA and 12 walks in 92/3 innings.

William Patrick, OF Patrick was atop-100 MLB draft prospect, but he hasn’t started a game yet for LSU. The Monroe native hasenterednumerous contests as adefensive replacementinleft field or as apinch-runner. Johnson recently moved him to second base in an effort to get his athleticism onto the field more often.

EthanClauss, INF

Johnson has said that he wants to play Clauss more,but playing time will be difficult to come by forthe LasVegas native.Clauss possesses intriguing size and athleticism, but junior Steven Milam is cemented at shortstop. His quickest path to the field this year is likely at second base, whereheentered againstKentuckyasadefensive replacement on March 27. Email Koki Rileyatkoki.riley@ theadvocate.com.

Miscues,missedchances doom Tigers againstVols

BY KOKI RILEY Staff writer

KNOXVILLE, Tenn.

LSUbaseballis still awork in progress.

At leastthat much was true Saturdayevening at LindseyNelson Stadium, as theTigersstruggled to capitalizeonopportunities at the plateand had trouble fielding theball cleanly in their 4-1 loss to Tennessee.

LSUhad won five of its past six games beforeSaturday,finding an identity at theplatewith three consecutive comeback wins and more consistency on the mound. But the loss to the Volunteers, which evened theseries at agame apiece, was areminder that there is still work to do.

Despite out-hitting theVols 5-3, LSU stranded thebases loaded withtwo outsinthe second inning and couldn’tscore with two runners in scoring positionand one out in the fifth. In both instances, the Tigers hadthe topofthe order up.Junior Steven Milam flew out toend the second, and freshman Omar Serna poppedout beforesophomore Derek Curiel struck out in thefifth.

LSU’slonerun came on arunscoring single from senior Chris Stanfield in the second.The Tigers’ fifth-inning threat was their last of thenight,asTennessee freshmanleft-handerCam Appenzeller retired15consecutive batterstoend thegame.

TheTigers’ issues extended to defense. In thefirst inning, senior Zach Yorke let apotential inningending double playground ball get through hislegs. The error

in Saturday’s 4-1 loss to Tennessee.

which came with runners on the corners, resulted in Tennessee jumping outtoa2-0 lead. Only oneofthe tworuns was unearned Another unearnedrun came across in thefourthinning when apassed ball chargedtosophomore catcher Cade Arrambide allowed designated hitterTrent Grindlinger to get from first base to second with twoouts. It didn’t take longfor Grindlinger to score, as sophomore right-handed starterWilliam Schmidtgave up adouble to center fielder Jay Abernathythat gave Tennessee a 4-1 lead. Schmidt wasn’tathis best on Saturday.Hewalked three batters,hit anotherand left afew off-speed pitches up and over theplate thatTennessee(20-11, 4-7 SEC) made sure he didn’t get away with.But he stillpitched well forLSU (21-11, 5-6), allowing fewerhitsthanVolsright-handed starter TeganKuhns (four to three) and striking out seven batters. Schmidt (4-2)was done after 52/3 innings, handing the ball off to sophomore left-hander Cooper Williamsand freshman righthander Marcos Paz. Williams escaped ajam in the sixth inning and tossed ascoreless seventhbeforePaz retired thethree Vols he faced in order in the eighth. LSUand Tennesseesquare off in their series finale Sunday.First pitch is slated for noon, and the game will be availabletostream on SEC Network+

Wilson,Bastrop

BYGUERRYSMITH

Contributingwriter

The Tulane baseball team cappedoff itsbestweekofthe seasonwith acomprehensive series-deciding win against Wichita State on Saturday at EckStadium.

The Green Wave jumped out to acommanding early lead, receivedsix outstanding innings from starting pitcher J.D.Rodriguez and finished off the Shockers 8-1 withhomeruns from James Agabedis and Jason Wachs.

Tied for last in the 10-team American Conferencewhenthe series began, Tulane (18-17, 4-5) moved intoa tiefor sixthwith Rice —one gamebehind fourthplace WichitaState (21-12, 4-5) and South Florida.

“That was acomplete effort by theteam,” Tulanecoach Jay Uhlman said. “Wescored first, and J.D. wasmagnificent. We played good defense. We situationally hit. We needed that. It was abig one.”

The Wave wasted no timebouncing back from Friday’s7-4 loss. Nate Johnson singled, wentto third on Wachs’double and scored on TrentLiolios’ groundout in the top of thefirst. Johnsondrove in tworuns and Wachs added an RBI single right behind him in the secondtomakethe score 4-0, knocking out Shockers starter Johnny

Nuanez (3-1). Agabedis hammered ahanging slider from reliever Amar Tsengegover the right-field wall in thethird,padding thelead to 6-0. Rodriguez (4-0)handcuffed the Shockers, tossing four 1-2-3innings in the first five and rolling a double-play grounder in the second after two runners reached base.Hefinally allowed arun in thesixth on atwo-out double. Jack Brafa strandedtwo runners in the seventh when he replacing Rodriguez, andSam Larsonretired the final two batters in the ninth afterentering with runners at thecorners. Tulane stretched its lead to 7-1 in the eighth with three consecutive productive at-bats. Matthias Haas led off withadouble, advanced to third on an Agabedis sacrificebunt and scored on Tanner Chun’s sacrifice fly Wachs supplied thefinalrun in theninth with ahomer It wasanall-aroundgoodperformance. Tulane played errorless ball forthe secondday in a rowand did not walkanyone for thesecond time in the series. The flawless defense includeda difficult catch by Liolios in foul territory while fighting astrongwind in the ninth. Wachsand MatthiasHaas each had three hits. Johnson and

Agabedis each scored two runs with twoRBIs.

“It was tremendous,”Uhlman said. “I’d like to say it was easy with our feet up. It felteasy,but it wasn’t.”

Aweek after falling into atie forlast by getting swept at UAB, Tulane is in much betterposition moving forwardinaconference where the tournament format will favorthe higher-seeded teamsfor the first time. The league-leading Blazers, whohad not swept any conferenceopponentineight years, backed up their breakthrough performance against the Wave by sweeping Florida Atlantic on the road.

Tulane never trailed in all three of its victories this past week (it beat Nicholls on Tuesday).

“It’shuge, especially the way the seeding shakes out (in the American tournament),” Uhlman said. “We’ve got to be able to win series.Ifyou winthree gamesin aweek,you’reina pretty good place. It’s just wash, rinse, repeat and try to grow from theexperience and continue to get better as we move toward the back half of the season.”

Tulane finishes astretch of seven road games outofeight at Lamar on Tuesday before hosting perennial league power East Carolina (20-12-1, 6-3) next weekend.

OUTDOORS

Shifting the scales

Jesuit High School ninth grader Jackson Fischer holds a 4-pound-plus largemouth bass that helped his team, Team Hog Daddies, to a winning 5.18-pound weight in the Battle of the Bass, the student-team portion of last weekend’s 77th annual City Park Big Bass Rodeo and Fishtival. An all-girls team from St. Scholastica finished second with a 3.92-pound total, and another Jesuit team finished third at 2.87 pounds.

OUTDOORS NOTEBOOK

Judge’s ruling a boon for restoring basin

Fishermen and a dedicated group of environmental and conservation organizations are celebrating this Easter season with more joy than previous years.

That’s because last week’s ruling from the federal court of the Middle District of Louisiana, in essence, stopped the Corps of Engineers from continuing its East Grand Lake Project.

This battle between commercial fishermen (mostly crawfishing interests) and recreational anglers was joined by a handful of groups to fight sediment diversion projects in what they considered to be a “...destroying and degrading wetlands and flood capacity” in what was a highly productive area in the Atchafalaya Basin.

The result of the project’s early efforts was reduced water quality and vast low-dissolved oxygen areas that brought fishermen to argue against the plan.

When sediment began building up, the growing concern hinged on the basin’s reduced ability to carry floodwaters, the main reason the basin was designed to be a “spillway” during the Mississippi River’s high-water periods.

The Atchafalaya Basin is our country’s largest overflow swamp

“Winning this lawsuit is a huge win for the fishermen, and stopping the East Grand Lake Project will save the Basin from filling in,” LCPA-West president Avery

Theriot said. “They need to stop all the projects in the Basin that are similar The fishermen have been fighting these projects for almost 30 years and our voices are finally heard.”

Snapper season

Both 2026 red snapper seasons are set now that the Gulf Council has informed that the federally permitted charterboat operations season will open June 1 and run for 147 days through Oct. 25.

The private recreational red snapper season, which is under state management, will open May 1.

The federal charterboat season is based on taking 42.3% of the total red snapper recreational allotment of 7,991,900 pounds (whole weight) — the private sector gets 57.7% of that allotment — which gives the federal permit holders 3,380,574 pounds across the Gulf of America.

Commission meeting

The Wildlife and Fisheries Commission is taking its Thursday monthly meeting on the road to Vidalia.

Set to convene at 10 a.m. in the Vidalia Conference and Convention Center (112 Front St.), the meeting will have a live audio/ video stream via Zoom.

Several Vidalia-area projects are on the agenda, including updates on nearby waterways, a presenta-

tion on the Richard Yancey Wildlife Management Area and another step via emergency declaration to add lands to the Chronic Wasting Disease Control Area.

Other agenda items include:

• A new approach to invasive species management.

• Introducing the Mississippi River Basin Fishery Commission.

• Public comment received on the proposed resident game, migratory birds, and waterfowl and bear hunting seasons.

• And updates on state legislature action on bills involving the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries.

Father-child camp

Although a month away, it’s best if families reserve a place soon for the May 1-2 Father-Child Families

Understanding Nature Camp set for Wildlife and Fisheries’ Woodworth Education Center in Woodworth south of Alexandria. Children must be between 9-13 years old and space is limited Fees run $50 per family (an additional child is $25) and includes meals, lodging and supplies, including tents, but bed linens and sleeping bags are not provided.

The registration website is www wlf.louisiana.gov/page/fun-camp

If you need more information, email Mitch Hukins at mhukins@wlf. la.gov or Amber Breaux at abreaux@ wlf.la.gov

TUESDAY

LA. OYSTER TASK FORCE MEETING: 10 a.m., Lakefront Airport, 6001 Stars and Stripes Boulevard, New Orleans.

TUESDAY-THURSDAY

GULF COUNCIL MEETING: The Battle House Renaissance, Mobile, Alabama. Public comment period 8:40 a.m.-noon, Thursday. Top agenda items: final action on lane snapper catch limits, red grouper commercial quota set-aside, two sector shark management measures & improvement in Marine Recreational Information Program survey. Webinar available. Website: gulfcouncil.org

WEDNESDAY

BUGS & BEERS: 6:30 p.m., Skeeta Hawk Brewing, 455 N. Dorgenois St, New Orleans. Casual fly tying. Open to public. Email A.J. Rosenbohm: ajrosenbohm@gmail.com. Website: neworleansflyfishers.com

THURSDAY

LA. WILDLIFE & FISHERIES COMMISSION MEETING: 10 a.m., Kenny Davis Room, Vidalia Conference/Convention Center, Vidalia.

JUNIOR SOUTHWEST BASSMASTERS MEETING: 7 p.m., Seminar Room, Bass Pro Shops, Denham Springs. Boys & girls age-group bass tournaments for ages 7-10, 11-14 & 15-18 anglers. Call Jim Breaux (225) 772-3026.

SATURDAY FLY CASTING CLINIC: 9 a.m., Perkins Road Park, 7122 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge. No fee. Red Stick Fly Fishers event.

NSCA REGISTERED SPORTING CLAYS: Bridge View Gun Club, Port Allen.

HUNTING SEASONS

TURKEY: Area A, through May 3; Area B: through April 26; Area C: through April 19.

AROUND THE CORNER

APRIL 13—RED STICK FLY FISHERS

PROGRAM: 7 p.m., Bluebonnet Regional Library, 9200 Bluebonnet Blvd, Baton Rouge. Open to the public. Email Brian Roberts: roberts.brian84@gmail.com. Website: rsff.org

APRIL 15—FLIES & FLIGHTS: 7-9 p.m, Rally Cap Brewing, 11212 Pennywood Avenue, Baton Rouge. Casual fly tying. Open to public. Email Chris Williams: thefatfingeredflytyer@gmail.com

APRIL 16—ACADIANA FLY RODDERS PROGRAM: 6 p.m., Pack and Paddle, 601 E. Pinhook, Lafayette. Open to public. Email Darin Lee: at cbrsandcdc@gmail.com. Website: acadianaflyrodders.org

APRIL 17-19—SPRING WARMWATER CATCH & EAT: Lakeview Lodge, Lake Concordia, Ferriday. Red Stick Fly Fishers event. Website: rsff.org

FISHING/SHRIMPING

SHRIMP: Fall inshore season closed in Zones 2 & 3 & portions of Zone 1 except Breton/Chandeleur sounds. All outside waters open.

OPEN RECREATIONAL SEASONS: Gray triggerfish; flounder; lane, blackfin, queen and silk snappers & wenchmen among other snapper species; all groupers except closed for goliath & Nassau groupers in state/federal waters.

CLOSED SEASONS: Red snapper; greater amberjack; bluefin tuna; gag, goliath & Nassau groupers in state/federal waters. Commercial greater amberjack season closed

LDWF UPDATES

• Possible daily closures of Fort PolkNorth Wildlife Management Area and Fort Polk-Vernon WMA because of military activities. For updates go to website: home.army.mil/polk/myFort-Polk/fort-Polk-hunting

• CLOSED: Bodcau WMA (Benton) and Woodworth shooting ranges Sunday; Hope Canal Road/boat launch (Maurepas Swamp WMA, levee construction). Email: jmacaluso@theadvocate.com

Fire, Toronto Tempo lay their foundations in the WNBA expansion draft

BY ANNE M. PETERSON AP sportswriter

Portland, which is welcoming a WNBA team back to the city after 24 years, selected veteran forward Bridget Carleton with the first pick in Friday’s expansion draft.

Guard Julie Allemand, who played last season for the Los Angeles Sparks, was selected by the Toronto Tempo with its first pick.

The Tempo won a coin flip and opted to take the sixth pick in the college draft on April 13 over the top pick in the expansion draft.

So Portland went first on Friday and will have the seventh pick in the college draft.

Carleton, who has played for the last seven seasons for the Minnesota Lynx and averaged 6.5 points and 3.6 rebounds a game last season off the bench, was an unrestricted free agent.

“Once we finalized our process, and zoomed in on Bridget, and knew we had our first expansion pick, it was obvious we did not want to have Toronto hold our destiny in their hands,” Portland general manger Vanja Cernivec said.

Allemand averaged 5.4 points, 3.7 rebounds and 5 assists in 34 games last season.

“This group gives us the ability to compete from day one while continuing to build, and embraces the opportunity to help shape something new in a new country as Canada’s first WNBA team,” Toronto general manager Monica Wright Rogers said.

The league’s teams protected five players apiece ahead of the expansion draft but those lists were not made public, leading to speculation about which players were available.

On Wednesday, the Chicago Sky announced trades with the Tempo and the Fire, which prevented the expansion teams from selecting Sky players. In exchange, the Fire got the No. 17 pick in the college draft and the No. 26 pick went to the Tempo. The expansion draft had two rounds, with up to six picks for each team in each round. The teams alternated picks, with the Tempo picking first in the second round after the Fire got the first overall selection. Teams could only lose two players to the expansion draft. If a player was taken in the first

round, a second player from that same franchise couldn’t be taken until the second round.

Following Allemand, the Tempo selected center Nyara Sabally from the Liberty, guard Marina Mabrey from the Sun, forward Aaliya Nye from the Aces, guard Lexi Held from the Mercury, and forward Maria Conde from the Valkyries.

In the second round the Tempo selected forward Maria Kliundikova from the Lynx, center Adja Kane from the Liberty, center Nikolina Milic from the Sun, guard Kitija Laksa from the Mercury, and guard Kristy Wallace from the Fever After Carleton, the Portland Fire selected guard Carla Leite from the Valkyries, center Luisa Geiselsoder from the Stars, forward Emily Engstler from the Mystics, guard Maya Caldwell from the Dream and forward Chloe Bibby from the Fever In the second round Portland took guard Haley Jones from the Wings, forward Nyadiew Puoch from the Dream, guard Sara Ashlee Barker from the Sparks, guard Sug Sutton from the Mystics and guard Nika Muhl from the Storm. Mabry was also an unrestricted free agent. Each team was allowed to pick only one unrestricted free agent. The teams still do not know when free agency will open. More than 80% of the players are free agents this year, as many players have expiring contracts or opted out of the previous collective bargaining agreement.

Pigeon Town Steppers make apastel Easter party

Residents in the 17th Ward “way Uptown” —along with plenty of visitors —greet Easter Sunday with asense of anticipation. Not for theEaster bunny,but for something far more New Orleans: thePigeon Town Steppers and their annual second-lineparade. Each year,the Steppers transform theirneighborhood streets into adisplay of style, pride and pageantry Around 1p.m., the door swings open at afamiliar spot, and the crowd squeezes together with everyone trying to getthe best view.

ä See EASTER, page 9D

Projects of 1950s-60s speaktofeasibility,viability of metro-area tunnels

BY RICHARD CAMPANELLA Contributing writer

“Mud, mud, mud,” wrotearchitect BenjaminLatrobe of NewOrleans in 1819;“this is afloating city, floating below the surface of the water on abed of mud.” Soil scientists would not disagree,and actually use terms like “sticky,” “muck” and “gumbo” in the federal government’sofficial Orleans Parish soil survey. Norwould geologists disagree with Latrobe in describing our loamy sediments as “theresultofthe gradual accumulation of the depositionofthe river.”

ä See TUNNELS, page 9D

NewOrleans’Giant

Puppet Festival brings eclectic performances to theMarigny

BY RACHELMIPRO

Contributingwriter

Thewide redeyesofanalbino animal head, fitted onto alacecovered wire base, greet visitors entering Pandora Gastelum’sstudio in the Marigny,where puppeteers have startedassembling bits and bobs of their crafts ahead of New Orleans’ annual Giant Puppet Festival.

Her headquarters, theMudlark Public Theatre, has been acenter for New Orleans puppetry since it was established in 2009. Gastelum further fanned thespark of Crescent City puppetrywhen she startedThe New Orleans Giant Puppet Festival.

Now in its 12th year,the festival featureslocal andtraveling artists, jam-packed intoafive-day lineup. Walk intoAllways Lounge and you’ll find apsychedelic vampire fantasia, performed by Naughty LittleNoGood. Beanlandia will

Kolo demonstrates apuppet at the

in New Orleans.

host family-friendly alphabet puppetry by Honey Goodenough. The New Marigny Theater will host Boxcutter Collective’ssci-fi musical theater.The list goes on,with

WHEN: April 9-13

WHERE: The Mudlark Public Theatre, 1200 Port St and various locations around the Marigny TICKETS: $15-$25, and $150 fora weekendpass INFO: neworleans giantpuppetfest. com ä See PUPPETS, page 8D

HOLLYWOOD SOUTH

Shootinghas wrapped in New Orleans this week on anew untitled TomMcCarthy (“Spotlight”) film, with astellar cast and aserious theme.

Leslie Cardé

It stars Paul Rudd, Evan Peters, Paul Giamatti, Amy Ryan, John Turturro, Jason Clarke and Tatiana Maslany, amongavery large ensemble cast. It tackles the thorny topic of climate change. The screenplaywas adapted from the powerful work of nonfiction, “Losing Earth,” from author Nathaniel Rich, which explores the unsettling question: What if we understood climate change decades ago, and failed to act?

Rich suggests that the 1980s mayhave been the last realistic moment for relatively easy intervention.

The movie focuses on 1979, when agroup of top scientists and policymakersmet in Florida underthe sponsorship of the American Petroleum Institute, back when the oil industry was actively engagingwith the prospect of climate change and what the repercussions mightbe. They andCongress were interested in knowinghow to mitigatesome of the prospective fallout.

When New Orleans actor Michael Cerveris was askedto read for arole in this new film,he was already familiar with the originalNew York Times Magazine article about this meeting at a critical pointintime, and knew of Rich’sbook, buthad not yet read it.

Cerveris, atwo-time Tony Award and GrammyAwardwinner,moved to New Orleans from New York in 2012 after becoming enamored with the city while shooting the 2007 film “Cirque du Freak: The Mexican” and later the TV series “Treme.” More recently,he’sbeen apart of such prestigious productions as “The Gilded Age” and “Mindhunter.”

At the time this particular casting was being done for the McCarthy film, which would be shooting in New Orleans, Cerveris was just finishing up atheatrical production in New York “I had takenmy1999 Jeep Cherokee up to New York with me while Iwas working there,

and since Ilike to takelong road trips,Ithought I’d pile intothe car with my dog and drive back to New Orleanswhile listening to ‘Lost Earth’ as an audiobook,” explained Cerveris.“It’safantastic book which takes complicated scientific, political and legal issues and weaves them together in away that makes it compelling and human. It’sanimportant book and agood read,but as I was heading south in my gasguzzling SUV,Iwas feeling abit guilty.”

“Losing Earth” reads like apolitical thriller instead of atechnical climate sciencebook,while much of the movie hasscenes from theactualmeeting which took place in Florida, with actors reading linesthat were straight from theconference transcripts at the beachside resort. There, 20 experts gatheredtodiscuss atopic that was starting to gain traction —the effects of CO2 emissions on the climate. Scientists, activists andpolicymakers were given onesimple mandate from Congress to write astatement detailing whattodoabout an impending andcompelling problem. All of their findings would be given to the Clean Air Commission.

“The dialogue is often verbatimfrom the transcripts of that meeting, so we’re representing exactly what was said by these people,” Cerveris said. “But in real life, people don’talways talk in full, complete sentences, like you would seeona movie script. So, it was really interesting for all of us to kind of find ourways intothosekinds of roundabout sentences, but it wasactually agreat clue into the thought processes of these individuals.

It’snot just aboutthe climate details, but the difficulties of trying to get24people with varying perspectivesand varying backgrounds to come to aconsensus.” Cerveris notedhewas already familiar with abouthalf the cast of the McCarthy film, having crossedpaths with both Rudd andTurturro fromthe New York theater scene, and having worked with Giamatti on the hit Showtime series“Billions.” Cerveris plays scientist and environmentallawyer Edward Strohbehn in this film, who has degrees from Yale University Serendipitous, because Cerveris himself graduatedfromYale’s theater program. Strohbehn wasone of the founders of the National Resources Defense Council and executive director of the Council on EnvironmentalQuality under Jimmy Carter. The entire event takesplace on the Halloween weekend, just before Ronald Reagan was elected Shooting of the film began briefly in NewYork, spent the past fewweeksinNew Orleans, andmoves on next weektoSt. Petersburg, Florida,for exteriors, sincethe actual conference took place at The DonCesar Hotel, knownasThe Pink Palace, in St. Pete Beach. The film wraps mid-April. But Cerveris, as well as mostofthe cast, has already finished their portions of the film

The actor and musician, whois also part of the New Orleans band Loose Cattle, is now working on his next gig, playing at Jazz Fest at the end of this month.

As forthis film,whose release is yet to be determined, it illuminates apoint in timewhen knowledge of the issue was not the problem,because the energy industry was well aware of the risks. But, instead of leading to aggressive policy changes, the momentum faded in the 1980s, due to concerns about regulating fossil fuels, andemerging oppositioncampaigns whichcast doubt on the science —doubts which still lingerincertain circles,today

Contact Leslie Cardé at lesliecardejournalist@gmail. com.

Seasonal celebrations

At individual parties, three debutantes of the season were honored at special locations, two historic andone, acharminghome. Today,another celebration occurs, Easter,when families will visit homes and restaurants, among other outings. Wishes for ahappy Easter!

n Cowan deb

“Cocktail Supper honoring Eleanor Cowan”headed the fanciful Scriptura invitation extended by host Joey Brown, which included debutantes of the season and their mothers. They amassed at the attractive cottage near Audubon Park, after entering the front gate and traversing the walkway that bisects the spacious (and enviable) front lawn. The house, which features asix-columned façade, was built in 1940.

Honoree Eleanor was outfitted in adress, as were just about all the attendees. Hers, made of lace, was asleeveless pink, A-line design with avintage paisley pattern.

Family was notable with deb grandmother Mrs. John Joseph d’Aquin, Nanine, making the roster three-generational. Included, too, were deb mother Mrs. RobertWilliam Cowan, the former Nanine Simmonsd’Aquin,and deb sister Nanine Brent Cowan Also, Mary Elise Meyer,FionualaMonsted anddaughter Lucy,Ashley Roussel and Lillian, Catherine Favrot and Eliza, HelenLeBourgeoisand Nina, Molly Baumer and Emma Rose,AshleyFranksand Piper,Elizabeth Johnston, Kelly Ellis and Ashley,Annabel Katherine McCarthy,Markey and Tricia Aucoin, and scores more. All gravitatedtothe sumptuous buffetspread, which included crabmeat, fried shrimp and other goodies.To cap off the collation, the partypack reached for,and enjoyed, Joey’s“famous chocolate chip cookies.”

n Benzman deb

On apale aqua background,and in black lettering, “Bloodys, Bubbly,and Brunch” announced the fun in store for debutante Adelaide Elizabeth Benzman.Itwas given by her parents, Mr.and Mrs. Scott Jay Benzman, Pennyand Scott. Centering the invitation was adepiction of the venue, Brennan’sRestaurant, which will no doubt be abuzz today with Easter celebrations and parades in the French Quarter This was not the firstVieux Carré location for the famed eatery: It moved to its current site on Royal Street in 1956. The current building is atwo-story mansion that was constructed in 1795 and later housed the Banque de la Louisiana, “the first bank in Louisiana.” The Morphy family were 1841-1891 owners. Of particular note was residentPaul Morphy,“the celebratedchess player and unofficial world chess champion, living there untilhis death in 1884.”

Seasonal fun framed Adelaide’sparty,which included deb sister Amelia,grandmother Mrs.Walter R. Case,and Case family membersSandra, Pamela Sack, Elizabeth Whitsell, and Deanna Bachemin. Also, Margot and Molly Bachemin, BrittanyRadoslovich, Lane Whitsell, Maddie Morrison, and Julianne Good, who reveled in feminine bonhomie.

These three gatherings are the lastofthe debutante parties registered for 2025-2026. All enjoyed the delights of months of excitement, including Carnival, and expressed sincere gratitude to their parents and others who made the period possible. Soon, anew coterie will follow in this memorable momentum.

Moving along to the Garden District, atea in honor of Taylor Lee Elliott was given by her mother, Mrs. Edward Sporl Elliott, and her grandmother, Mrs.William TerryElliott, Erikaand Pam. It wasinthe Elliott home, (that of Erika and Ted)which has been described as a “Greek Revival Gem.”No architect’sname is associated with it, but “it certainly bespeaks the trained hand” and was probably constructed between 1845 or 1846. It is located ablock from Commander’sPalace. Notable owners have included Dr Edouard Fortin and spouse Amenaide, whomoved there in 1853 with their twodaughters —the Elliotts have two daughters, and teachers Mary and John Seaman, whobought it in 1889 to use as the Southern Academic Institute, agirls’ school. In 1963, it becamethe homeofBrig. Gen.L.Kemper Williamsand spouse Leila Moore Williams, the founders of the Historic NewOrleans Collection.

Since their ownership of the house forover three years, the Elliotts have opened it foranumber of community events, including the Holiday HomeTour of the Preservation Resource Center

For the tea, it wasanoccasion forsome of the Elliott family’snearest and dearest to mingle, especially deb sister Catie Elliott. Ambrose Garden did the flowers; the Windsor Court purveyed, providing scones, tea sandwiches, and assorted desserts, all placed on beautiful silver trays; and, just outside the dining room,Pardon My French served a lively musical menu. Animated chatter waspervasive. Family attendees from out-of-town included MimiElliott Gannon and daughter Molly Gannon,and Lorraine Abercrombie. Closer to homewere Orleanians BonnieBoyd, Regina Molony, Cindy Ellington, Stacy Head, JoyFavor, and JennyKottler Lovely weather was perhaps the mostdesirable guest.

TRAVEL

Checkout thesespots to seeazaleas in bloom

BY CHERÉ COEN Contributing writer

It’sthat time of year when theSouth emerges from winter in vibrant explosions of pink, magenta, salmon andwhite. In other words, azalea time!

The season typicallyruns from earlyMarch through late May,with peak blooming in April.

While our neighborhoods burst forth with these glorious shrubs in the genus Rhododendron, there are sites throughout the Deep South that merit atrip to view amazing collectionsof color.Below are four places near Louisiana and one in the state to see azaleas East Texas Nacogdoches, ascenic drive west of its sister city Natchitoches, has been designated the Garden Capital of Texas with 25 miles of self-guideddriving routes through its Azalea Trail

The route takes visitors through town and the Ruby M. Mize Azalea Garden on the campus of Stephen F. Austin State University where more than 7,000 azaleas grow along Lanana Creek.

The routes are divided into three trails named for different azaleas: Southern Indica Trail,Evergreen Azalea Trail andThe Fashion Azalea Trail,each trail beginning at the Charles Bright VisitorCenter on Main Street in downtown Nacogdoches.

Trail maps are available at the Visitor Center or

from theAzalea Trail website at nacogdochesazaleas. com.

BellingrathGardens & Home Theodore,Alabama

The 65-acre gardenslo-

TRAVEL TROUBLESHOOTER

By ChristopherElliott

Ibooked a flight for my father on Expedia, but when he went to the airport, there was no such flight.

cated outside Mobile and 20 miles from Dauphin Island are amust-visit in thespring when more than 250,000 azaleas come into bloom

The flowering spectacle is one of the gardens’ most

a flight that never existed. Can you help me getmymoney back? —Mansour Abado, Dubai

prized events.

Bellingrath Gardens & Homewas established when Walter Bellingrath, a Mobile bottler of Coca-Cola, purchased thesite above theFowl River for afamily retreat

The gardens opened to thepublic on April 7, 1932. In themid-1930s, his wife, Bessie Bellingrath, planted theazaleas around their 15-room home, and it grew from there.

Visitors may tour the homeaswell as the gardens, statues and water features plus enjoy special events throughout the year In April, thefollowing events are scheduled:

n April 8: Lunch &Learn —“The Hidden Tape: Frank Woodard on theMan Behind theGardens”

n April 11: Preview party forthe Gulf Coast Chinese Lantern Festival

n April 15: Viewing the summer sky

n April 16-June 21: 2026

Gulf Coast Chinese Lantern Festival

n April 29: Garden walk and talk with horticulture experts.

Garvan Woodland Gardens HotSprings,Arkansas

First come the thousands of tulips and daffodils on the 210-acre botanical garden of the University of Arkansas.

Next come the azaleas. If you’re lucky,you might experience both.

Located on the shores of Lake Hamilton, the garden is 45 minutes southwest of Little Rock.

The space includes miles of trails meandering over several ecosystems with streams, fountains, statuary and breathtaking views of the lake throughout.

To check azalea —and other flower —bloom times, visit Garvan’sFacebook page at facebook.com/ garvangardens.

Callaway Gardens Pine Mountain,Georgia

Not only do thousands of azaleas bloom throughout the 2,500 acres at Callaway, but tulips, dogwoods and seasonal annuals as well.

Through May 10, Callaway features its annual Spring Festival with avariety of special events in addition to visitors enjoying its curated bloom trails.

Look forfood and wine tastings, live artist demonstrations, music performances and more. Signature events include

Symphony on the Sand, a lakeside concert under the stars, Easter brunch and Mother’sDay brunch. For moreinformation, visit www.callawaygardens. com.

ClosetoHome

Lafayetteand Kisatchie

In the 1930s,Lafayette developedanAzalea Trail, a20-mile route that begins at the VisitorCenter on Evangeline Thruwayand skirts through town. Along the way,visitors enjoycity landmarks, homes, historical sitesand places to pause to enjoy Lafayette’sculinary scene.

Fun fact: The predominant azalea variety in Lafayette is the Formosa azalea, christened the “GeneralLafayette,LA,” which blooms in colors of lavenderand fuchsia. According to Lafayette Travel,some of the bushes areover50yearsold. Self-guidedtrail maps may be downloaded from the tourism website at lafayettetravel.com/plan/ trip-ideas-itineraries/ azalea-trail or print copies pickedupatstate welcome centers. If you’d rathergowild, the Kisatchie National Forestinthe centralregion of Louisiana,inRapides Parish, is home to the Wild AzaleaTrail in the forest’s Evangeline Unit. Hikers wanting to view these azaleas in the wild —the state’s only native variety —may start the 31 miles of trail at the trailhead at the Town Hall in Woodworth. For more information, visit explorelouisiana.com/bike/ trail/wild-azalea-trail.

on flight schedules, particularly when geopolitical events might cause aflight cancellation.

Christopher Elliott

The reservation wasfrom BeiruttoFrankfurtonLufthansa, connecting to aUnited flight to Austin.Lufthansa wasn’teven operating flights from Beirutatthe time, but Expedia sold me the ticket anyway I’ve been trying for more than three months to getmymoney back.

Expedia keepstelling me the refund is “subject to airline approval,”while United insists the ticket is nonrefundable. Ipaid $1,459for

Youshouldhavenever been allowed to buy that ticket. Expedia sold you aphantom flight —a route Lufthansa had already suspended. When yourfather showed up at the airport and discovered there was no flight, theonline travel agency should haveimmediately refunded your fare. Instead, it hid behind airline approval requirementsand passed thebuck to United.

Your paper trail tells the story: monthsofemails,phone calls and chats with no resolution. Expedia kept resubmittingrequests, while United sent you aform denial, citing its “nonrefundable” policy That policy doesn’tapply when theairline isn’tflying theroute at all. Your father could have avoided sometrouble by checking in for his flight early.Ifhe’d done that, he might have been able tofind a suitable replacement through Expedia and received afast refund on his original ticket. This case is agood reminder to keep an eye

If you’re flying out of an area that’spronetocancellations, assumenothing. And if you ever find yourselfwith aticket to nowhere, remember: you’re entitled to afull refund, no matter what theairline or online agency says.

When your online agency refuses to help, you can always escalate yourproblem Ipublish the name, number and email address of the Expedia executives on my consumer advocacy site, Elliott.org. Abrief

polite email to one of them might have resulted in aquick refund. Ireached out to Expedia on your behalf Arepresentative admitted there had been a“system error” that prevented your refund from being processed. Expedia issued a full refund.

Christopher Elliott is the founder of Elliott Advocacy,anonprofit organization that helps consumers solve their problems. Email him at chris@elliott.org or get help by contacting him at elliottadvocacy org.

DININGSCENE

Blissful Battureadds‘happyhourgrocery,’

Picture agrocery stocked specifically for outdoorhappyhours and picnics. Now fuse that with awine shop and an espresso bar and plant it by arestaurantrow of food trucks on agrassy lawn with asweeping view of the Mississippi River

lends out cheeseboards forbuildyour-ownspreads of snacks from its inventory

This is also agrocery that sells kites, and on abreezy afternoon, novices werelearning the ropes, putting on agentle air show for people watching from picnic blankets and Adirondack chairs near the water’sedge.

Ian McNulty WHAT’S COOKING

This is the scene that’sbeen drawing me back to The Batture this spring, and not just on the weekends, when this outdoor spread on the Uptown riverfront is hopping with romping families.I’ve been returning on quieter weekdays, too, for what I’ve come to regard as adinner and ashow combo.

On arecent Tuesday,dinner was amarket-fresh spread of Colombian cooking from the pop-up Waska. The show was theriver itself,coursingpast in currents of opal gray and rose gold as the sun made its slow descent over the West Bank.

Formations of fat ducks swooped by the riverbank.Tugboats pushed strings of barges and giant oceangoing tankers filled the horizon, capturing the attentionlikeparade floats. Some tooted boathorns,which we toasted with plasticwine cups.

It’sbeen ayear sincethe Batture first materialized just over the levee, transforming aonceinvisible maritimeindustrial yard into an enchanting place for New Orleans to relax, play, have some tasty food and drink, and even getting someshopping done.

It’snext to The Fly,that waterfront curve of Audubon Park with its own vista of the working river The Batture resemblesapark in some ways, but it is aprivate endeavor,led by the developers Ben Jacobson and Casey Burka, with its own reasonable rules to maintain its business model (no outside food or drinks, for one, no outside furniture).

Driftwood andreinvention

Entering its second spring,the Batture feelsrefreshingly lowglitz and easygoing. If theSwiss Family Robinson adoptedWes Anderson, they might’ve come up with this aesthetic of driftwood and rusty reinvention.

Metal structuresfrom old offshore platforms now comprise an office workspace, dubbed the Rigs. Helicopter landing pads are now pavilions shadingpicnic tables. Remnants of dredging equipment and ship towing gear lay about, like apost-industrial sculpture garden.

Food at the Batture began as a roundupoffood trucks, serving Friday through Sunday,and that’s still the centerpiece.

Butfood optionshave grown through theweek, with some openingonother weekdays. Abuilding called the He walk-upkitchen in aship’ house,hostsregular pop-ups. Currently that brings Wa Tuesdays, taco vendor Casa on Wednesdays and Turkey Wolf founder Mason Hereford

boiling crawfish on Saturdays (this one through theend of May)

The wholesomeness factor is high around the Batture. Kids twirl on atire swing, kick soccer balls or run football passing routes (there’sabin of public access balls at the ready). The occasional train whistle sounds behind the levee, and then there’s the grinding rumble of ship engines announcing another vessel’s approach.

Markets, pop-ups, vendors

The Batture now hosts the Tuesday edition of the Crescent City Farmers Market (8 a.m. to noon), where stands forcoffee, breakfast sandwiches and pop-ups for hot food can provide amarket breakfast or lunch by the river Chefsfrom around the city shop the market early

One is Waska chef Chris Blanco, supplying his pop-up later that day (4 p.m.to8p.m.). His market menus can run through grilled carrots, shrimpceviche and pollo asada plates with green salads strewnwith strawberries and radish.

Someofthe permanent vendors have been slowly expanding their schedules to afew weekdays. That includes Stelly’sfor frozen yogurt and The Nell Shell, serving lobster rolls and “sea-cuterie” boards of tinned seafood from its vintage trailer Weekends bring the full array, including Bootsy’s, atrailer from Blue Oak BBQ forfried chicken sandwiches and nuggets; the Imperial Woodpecker sno-ball stand; and food trucks from Bub’sBurgers forsmashburgers and from Bourree forbarbecue plates and sandwiches.

The Batture has been hosting morevendors on an ad hoc basis, with Flour Moon Bagels and natural wine distributor Disco Liquids visiting recently.The calendar of yoga classes, vintage and art market sales and children’sprograms is growing too.

for theespresso bar Its coolers and shelves are stocked with manymore local names, from smoked chicken salad from Blue Oak BBQ, to baguettes from Bellegarde Bakery and asupply of sweet and savory pastries from AyuBakehouse, the stellar Marigny bakery café. There’sawall of chilled beer, canned cocktails, softdrinks and awine collection that would be at

The Batture’sname comes from the term forthe alluvial space between the river’slow water markand the levee. It is liminal, subject to change. Right now,at asunset picnic or pop-up happy hour,itfeels like this space has found the right level.

Email IanMcNulty at imcnulty@ theadvocate.com

‘Wouldn’t

it be good to be Cajun for one day?’

Rick Bragg returns to Acadiana for book festival

BY JAN RISHER

Staff writer

Rick Bragg says that he’s already eaten his way through Acadiana once — boudin from a gas station and cracklins in a parking lot. He says he stood there popping them like M&Ms. When he made the reverse of the “Oh! Susanna” trip and returned to Alabama, he brought his mother some cracklins.

Through the years, he has bought her two houses — and she was never happier about anything than she was about those cracklins.

He’s excited to be coming back to Acadiana

On April 11, the 1996 Pulitzer Prize-winner will appear at Books Along the Teche Literary Festival in New Iberia. I’ll be the one sitting across from him, attempting to interview him on stage I’ve spent considerable time lately trying to figure out what to ask a man who readily admits that he’s already said everything worth saying. Talking to him in advance doesn’t make that easier For anyone who has read “All Over but the Shoutin’” or “Ava’s Man” — and for anyone who hasn’t, my mother would say, “God bless you. You have something wonderful ahead.”

— this book festival is worth the drive. In fact, my mother would nominate herself to be president of the Rick Bragg Fan Club.

There are parts of his life and perspective that she understands and parts that are foreign to her, but she loves the way the man can turn a phrase and crack open all the feelings long buried in a heart.

Bragg grew up in Calhoun County, Alabama, in the foothills of the Appalachian Mountain chain, among pulp wood haulers, coal miners and farmers. He says that he’s spent his career writing about people who live on the edge of things. He notes he has a deep reverence for both William Faulkner and Tennessee Williams, but he writes about the people who don’t appear in their aristocracy Bragg still grades student papers at the University of Alabama, but he doesn’t go far for book talks anymore.

“I turned down that wonderful literary festival they have in Pebble Beach, California,” he said. “I pick my battles.

I do a lot of stuff around the South. I’m comfortable with that. They send somebody to get me.”

Rick Bragg

BOOKS ALONG THE TECHE LITERARY FESTIVAL

WHEN: April 10-12

WHERE: Bayou Teche Museum, New Iberia

MORE: booksalongthe techeliteraryfestival.com.

Which is exactly what the festival organizers in New Iberia are doing. He goes because of the people.

“If you write nonfiction books and you don’t want to see the people who read them, then I think there’s something terribly wrong with you,” he said.

“I’ll go do a book talk and come home from it wore out, but the first thing I want to do the next morning is write.”

A conversation with Bragg makes it clear that he’s been thinking a lot lately about the passage of time. At 66, he admits there are some things he would do differently. Mainly, he says he would have been kinder not in a big philosophical sense, but in specific moments.

I asked him if he could give me an example, and he told me about how his brother Sam loved a show called “Mountain Men” on the History Channel. One day they were watching it together, and Bragg told him that the sequence about one of the men taking a horse to town was staged for the show

Bragg says that Sam took the comment as a slight. Sam thought his worldly, Pulitzer Prize-winning brother was saying that his brother back home in Alabama wasn’t smart.

Bragg has carried that feeling ever since, asking himself, “Why didn’t I just stay quiet and enjoy the show with him?”

Bragg says he loved Sam like he loved no one else except his mother

That story has stayed with me I even shared it with the journalism class I’m teaching at LSU, because it’s such a great example of showing and not telling when it comes

to writing. It’s a reminder that it’s not the grand gesture, but the small wrong that sits with us all.

Bragg has been to New Iberia only once before — the first time was shortly after a Cajun woman had done him wrong.

“I went to that part of the world and tried to eat my way out of a broken heart,” he said.

“I had a chef in Lafayette who tried to convince me that gator was food. I still disagree with that.”

He went to a honky-tonk where a young man was on stage with an accordion doing zydeco, and there were long tables covered in crawfish shells

I asked him if he joined in the dancing.

“This will be sad to people in that part of the world, but I just don’t dance, but I’ve always envied people who could just throw off any inhibitions and just throw down,” he said. “So, I just kind of stood to one side and thought, ‘Wouldn’t it be good to be Cajun for one day?’”

He still thinks that.

What Bragg does best, on the page and in conversation, is describe a thing as it is happening as it is being lived.

He says that he’s tried to teach this to students for years with limited success They, instead, want to be philosophical and write in abstraction.

As it happens, Bragg keeps a New Iberia presence in his writing room a passage from James Lee Burke pinned to his wall. It’s one of Burke’s descriptions of a juke joint. It blazes with color, noise and cursing during the night and disappears entirely in the daylight.

He keeps Burke’s writing close at hand to remind himself of the distance between good writing and bad.

“Don’t tell me the moon is shining,” goes the old Chekhov line Bragg lives by “Show me the glint of light on broken glass.”

Today, Bragg still thinks about that honky-tonk. And he has kind remarks about Acadiana.

“Lafayette, Breaux Bridge

— what a beautiful, striking, remarkable place,” Bragg said.

“You can go all over this country and find a Chili’s anywhere, but there are few places left that are entirely their own places. New Iberia is that kind of place.”

My mom has sent me a few questions to ask Bragg, but I’m still working on the rest.

You’re welcome to sending suggestions to jan.risher@ theadvocate.com.

George Saunders will discuss ‘Vigil’

BY JOY HOLDEN Staff writer

George Saunders, author of “Liberation Day,” “Tenth of December” and the Booker Prizewinning novel “Lincoln in the Bardo,” will visit Tulane from 6 p.m to 8 p.m Thursday April 9 in the Kendall Cram Lecture Hall at the LavinBernick Center for University Life at Tulane University Saunders is the 2026 featured writer in the Carole Barnette Boudreaux ’65 Great Writers Series. The recipient of a 2006 MacArthur Foundation Fellowship, Saunders has authored two novels, four collections of short stories, a novella, a book of essays and an award-winning

children’s book.

Saunders

He teaches in the Creative Writing Program at Syracuse University Saunders recently released his new novel “Vigil” in January about an undead death doula named Doll who is ushering an unrepentant oil tycoon into his death. The novel contains themes of forgiveness, power, greed, accountability and reflection. Saunders will discuss his new novel and its themes, which resonate with current ethical issues in the country Register for the event at https://tulane.campuslabs.com/engage/event/12143237.

After hiatus, Nancy Lemann returns with ‘The Oyster Diaries’

BY RIEN FERTEL Contributing writer

“The Oyster Diaries,” by Nancy Lemann, New York Review Book, 240 pages

“The doom” is thankfully over That’s the phrase New Orleans writer Nancy Lemann has used to describe the past two decades, a seemingly productive period that has blame the big-house publishing industry — regrettably resulted in no new books since her 2002 novel, “Malaise.”

This month brings reprints of her rousing 1985 debut novel, “Lives of the Saints,” and its nonfiction followup, “The Ritz of the Bayou,” an affectionate skewering of then-governor Edwin Edwards and the topsy-turvy world of Louisiana politics. Both rank as top-tier local reads.

Most excitingly, this coming week brings a new novel, “The Oyster Diaries,” a throwback of sorts that points Lemann in intriguing new directions.

But don’t call it a comeback. Welcome to the Lemannaissance.

Around a decade ago, the New York literati pounced on her oeuvre, with one fashion website recommending reading “Lives of the Saints” in the bath. Lemann has lately been prominently featured in the Paris Review, which has published an interview and tributes, as well as her recent short fiction and essayistic musings on everything from the wonders of Mozart’s “Don Giovanni” to the horrors of Disney World and her perplexing interactions with talking robots.

as fiction. After the death of Lemann’s mother, her widowed father, Thomas, married Lemann’s contemporary, Sheila Bosworth, best known for her 1984 debut novel, “Almost Innocent.” The novel is a take on New Orleans’s Uptown social circles similar in theme, though not in tone, to “Lives of the Saints.”

Devotees of Lemann’s debut will no doubt note thematic echoes in her new novel. A gag in that previous book has its chorus of characters repeating a similar sentiment: “Everyone is falling apart Everything is falling apart I’m falling apart.”

“The Oyster Diaries” similarly meanders as it drifts along the narrative tides. The novel opens with scattered pages of a 2021 lockdown diary written by Delery Anhalt, a middle-aged, remorse-plagued writer who volunteers as a justice monitor in the criminal courts of New Orleans. Watching via computer screen from her house in Washington, D.C., she contemplates her hometown that exists just outside the confines of the video feed. Delery’s diary entries soon give way to more fully-formed memories, snapshots of her family First, a loving portrait of her father, August, a retired judge who once kept a diary of his own a 20-year daily accounting of his raw oyster consumption at the Pearl, a downtown restaurant across from his office. It is, she writes, “the work of a madman,” a list of simple descriptions: Sept. 17 — exceptional Sept. 18 — very poor Sept. 19 passable Sept. 20 — fabulous Sept. 21 — utterly tasteless Sept. 22 — beautiful to look at but no salt. At home in the nation’s capital, life is less straightforward. Delery must contend with what she calls her “lions at the gate”: annoying houseguests, her husband’s extramarital affair, the demands of her two daughters and the world leader she describes as a “lying sack of swizzle sticks.”

A return trip to New Orleans offers little succor

“I watch everyone here decay,” she writes, “and/or take care of their decaying loved one.”

A St Charles Avenue mansion burns to the ground. Her father’s peers are fading away He, however, has managed to “live for years beyond the allotted time.” Delery credits her father’s second life to a second marriage to a much younger wife, her former best friend, Amelia. In-the-know readers might hereabouts begin to suspect that “The Oyster Diaries” could be as much fact

Though I sadly agree that New Orleans is still falling apart all these decades later Lemann’s musings come off as Crescent City clichés. New Orleans is “more rickety than suave,” she writes, a combustive mix of prosperity and poverty that feels “almost as if a scientific experiment in noble behavior is being conducted.” Echoing Faulkner, a friend tells her, “The past is so much a part of the present here and it’s unhealthy.” In this book about generational changes, the writing can too often feel stuck in the past. Lemann remarks, more than once, that New Orleans is a city filled with Catholic schoolgirls run wild, ignoring the past 20 years of demographic and denominational shifts. There’s a Bed Bath & Beyond joke that falls flat — maybe because that chain went belly up several years ago — while an unfortunate riff that hurricanes “should be named for a voluptuous black woman with a don’t-mess-with-me manner or a Southern matriarch who doesn’t take any of your guff” sounds ripped from the 1980s. This is not to say I didn’t appreciate the return to Lemann’s literary world. She still writes giddily enigmatic sentences that can be simultaneously funny and devastating. And “The Oyster Diaries” certainly points in new narrative directions for the author Its deconstructed, autofiction form and terse, minimalist approach will remind readers of Rachel Cusk’s “Outline” trilogy In a chapter titled “Love in the Ruins,” a nod to the novel of the same name by Lemann’s literary lodestar Walker Percy, whose name pops up frequently in these pages, Delery reminisces about her “wastrel youth.” At the center of those halcyon days is a brief dalliance with a “blue-eyed boy with the crooked smile,” Claude Collier, the saintly antihero at the center of Lemann’s debut novel.

Though their romance is destined to be brief, Lemann renders Delery’s longing with a gauzy-dream quality that should leave readers wanting more.

“To this day when I am nervous and mired in angst and malaise,” she writes, “I still say his name.”

Although “The Oyster Diaries” does not rise to the level of Lemann’s two recently reprinted titles, the novel is not only a cause for celebration but a potential promise that there could be more new work forthcoming.

Oyster eaters understand the bliss that can follow a long wait. Or as August Anhalt writes in his diary during the first days of October: “not yet, not ever yet, not ready yet, at last!”

Rien Fertel is the author of four books, including, most recently, “Brown Pelican.”

WEDDINGS,ENGAGEMENTS&ANNIVERSARIES

Engagement,Wedding and Anniversary announcements arepaid notices in TheAdvocate. They appear in Sunday’s Advocate.Tosubmit an announcement, go to TheAdvocate’swebsiteat www.theadvocate.com,scroll down to the bottom of the page,look under ‘’Our Sites’’ and click on ‘’Celebrations’’. Thedeadline is noon Monday. Formoreinformation call (225) 388-0738 or e-mail nuptials@theadvocate.com

Murrill -Ryburn

ThelateMr. WayneDeanRyburnand Mrs. Rhonda Ryburn arepleased to announce themarriageoftheir daughter, MicheleRenee Ryburn,toJohn“Parham” MurrillJr.,onMarch 14th,2026. Parham is theson of John MurrillSr. andElizabethMurrill Theweddingtook placeat TheRiver Terraceatsunsetin downtown BatonRouge,Louisiana The weddingwas officiated by Pastor Dave Buss andfollowedbyabeautiful rooftop reception. Hair andMakeupwas done by McKeyBridalCo.,Photography by WhitneyMarie Photography, DayofCoordination by Deanna WhitneywithCeliaRoseEvents, CateringbyBacon and Fig, DJ by Complete Weddings &Events, Bridal Gown by Town &Country,can-

dles by TrulyHaute,and Floralsby The Floral Cottage. Kimberly Druryservedasmatronof honor. CaitlynDuncanservedasmaid of honor.Bridesmaids were Marisa Stelly,Megan Ryburn,Ari Lord,and Grace Williams.Flowergirls were ReeseStelly andKateStelly. Justin Gillespieservedasbestman GroomsmenwereKamranShirazi,Baker Murrill, Paul Murrill, JamesHenry Murrill, andCullenStelly..Logan Stelly wasthe brideescort. Parham andMichele wouldliketo thanktheir family andfriends whotraveled from near andfar to celebratethis specialday with us.Wewill always remember this moment

Fasteningbuttons made easy

Dear Heloise: Arthritisand stiff fingers can make fastening buttonsadaily struggle, but one of my friends found asimple solution: Instead of unbuttoning ablouse, leave mostof thebuttons fastened. Then slip the blouseover your head like apullover,fastening only thetop button. This smallchange removes the need to handle multiple buttonseach time you dressorundress. It works best with loose blouses or shirts that pull over your head easily People withlimited hand mobility may find this trick especially helpful. Simple adjustmentslike this make daily routines easier —Donna B.,inOhio The file of life

NHISTORY

pupil, Helen Keller, eaning of the word pelled out in the Manand Ethel Rosensentenced to death conviction in New ges of conspiring to pionage for theSoviet were executed in American serviceurkish woman were bombing of aWest heque, an incident aU.S. air raid on later

Hints from

Dear Heloise: Emergency responders often need medical information fast. In Lincoln, Nebraska, fire stations offer the “File of Life” —asmall magnetic pouch for your refrigerator that holds vital health information. Residents fill in theiremergency contacts, medications, allergies, medical conditionsand insurance information. First responders check the refrigerator for this pouch, which saves time during emergencies.

Many communities in the United States offer similarprograms. If they’re available in your town, considerusing one. Visible medical informationhelps emergency teams respond more quickly andsafely. —Robert M.,inLincoln, Nebraska Make bandages stick better

DearHeloise: Outdoor work often causes scrapes and cuts, especially if you skip wearing gloves. Here’sa trick to help bandages stick for longer: Before applying the bandage, place it on a clean surface and gently warm it up with ahair dryer for afew seconds. Warming up the skin slightly can also help. The mild heat softens the adhesive for abetter hold. Ensure that the wound is clean and dry,and avoid overheating the bandage or your skin. With care, this trick helps bandages stay in place during handwashing and movement. It works well on fingers or parts of the hands where bandages loosen quickly —Chuck Threadgill, in Tulsa, Oklahoma

Packingwithpopcorn

Dear Heloise: If you need to ship fragile itemsbut lack packing materials, airpopped popcorn makes a handy substitute. The kernels provide

In 1994, Nirvana lead singer KurtCobain diedbysuicide in his Seattle, Washington, home at 27.

In 2010, amassive coal dust explosion ripped through underground corridors of the Upper Big Branch mine near Charleston, West Virginia, killing 29 workers in the worst U.S. coal mining disasterin40years.

In 2024, an earthquake centered between New York City and Philadelphia shook skyscrapers and suburbs across the northeastern U.S., causing no major damage but startling millions in aregion unaccustomed to such temblors. The

cushioning and prevent shifting in the box. Line the bottom of the box with popcorn, add your wrapped item,then fill any gaps with morepopcorn to hold everything snugly Air-popped kernels work best since they contain little to no oil. Buttered popcorn can leave residue. Popcorn may attract pests if packages sit around fortoo long, so use it mainly forshort shipping distances. —Michael Izzo,Hillsborough, New Jersey

Stayingconnected

Dear Heloise: Many grandparents want asimple way to contact their young grandchildrenwho aren’t readyfor asmartphone. One family solvedthis with akid-friendly smartwatch. These watches work like basic cellphones; childrencan call or message people,but parents controlcontacts, only allowing approved communication. Many watches also offer GPS tracking forlocationupdates.

Familiesadd the watch to their cellphone plan for asmall monthly fee. The devicestays on the child’s wrist, making it hard for themtolose. Formany,a smartwatch is asafe, convenient waytostayconnected. —Concerned Grandpa, in Arkansas Send ahinttoheloise@ heloise.com.

4.8 magnitude quake wasone of the strongest along the East Coast in decades. Today’sbirthdays: Actor Michael Moriarty is 85. Actor Max Gail is 83. Singer Agnetha Fältskog (ABBA) is 76. Rapper-actor Christopher “Kid” Reid (Kid ’n Play) is 61. Rock musician Mike McCready (Pearl Jam)is60. Country musician Pat Greenis54. Musicianproducer Pharrell Williams is 53. Rapper-producer Juicy Jis51. Actor Sterling K. Brown is 50. Actor Hayley Atwell is 44. Actor Lily James is 37. Singer Bryant Myers is 28.

PUPPETS

over 50 shows at multiple venues across the city Gastelum headsthe Mudlark Puppeteers and lives abovethe theater,combiningstudio, blackboxperformance space and home.

“Puppetry is averyhonest form of storytelling, and that the puppets are aphysical representation of thestory itself,” Gastelumsaid “Thepuppets are made to inhabit aworld and communicate amessage, and it’svery easy to accept a story from apuppet, because you understand that thepuppetdoesn’t have anyulterior motives.They have auniquely persuasive nature, and they’re very pure in that way .It’savery accessible and even universal art form.”

The characters for her festival performancewill star in “Cinderella and Charlie,” aperformance written by Gastelum’spartner, Jack Norcross, described as apostmodern fable. The “Cinderella and Charlie” puppet heads are made of lightweight papier-mâché plasteredover asculpted clay base. When the papier-mâché dries, she is ready to beginthe painting, creating intricate painted details At the final stage, each puppet is coated in an acrylic gel.

Gastelum made herfirst puppet at age 15, and generally makes all of herown puppets.

“It’sanenormous amount of work,” she said. “But Ithink when you have areally strong vision,it’s bettertojust be honest, to say I’m gonna go ahead and do this part so that there’s no disagreement about howathing should be.”

Each of the animal heads takes about 20 hours to complete, not including the time it takes forthe papier-mâché to dry Gastelum said she was going into “build mode” following the wrapup of her giant puppet workshop on March 10.She alsojuggled rehearsals of aTennesseeWilliams play that ended March 29, and planned to have the puppetsready forshow rehearsal on March 31.

“It’s atight squeeze, butwegot it,” she said. New pieces require new characters, but sometimes puppets from previous works can be repurposed. No puppets are thrown away.After shows, Gastelum stores the characters in plastic bins labeled by performances.

For“Cinderellaand Charlie,”she has made two marionettes, four table-top-scale rod puppets and four giant-suit puppets. An accompanying army of shadow puppets —just alittle under 100, Gastelum

estimates —are underproduction. In thepastyear alone, she hasmade 12 puppets and helped with the creation of 45 giant puppets through thetheater’s“Dream It,BeIt” GiantPuppet Workshop. Her puppet-building workshops are geared toward helping other puppeteers shape their craftand launchtheir own performances.

One of these students, Samille Ganges,will be performing at the festival for the first time. Ganges is producing “Butter Woman,” areimagining of an oral story told around southern Nigeria. As an environmentalist, she usesupcycledmaterial such as cardboard, clay,scrapsofclothing, chicken wire and tape.

She crafts after her full-time job, spending about 10-20 hours a week sculpting, using aclay base and papier-mâché to form the faces. Coming from abackground in drama, Ganges describes the challenges of performing puppetry

“I think about moving with them and figuring out how to movewith them and interact with them and somehow make them emote, even though their faces are notemoting,” Ganges said. “The waythat you design theirfaces,and theway that theymove andthe clothes that they wear,kind of really help us ground themaslike an archetype, likethey will always be this through the story This is who we’re lookingfor.”

In theother corner, PlaydohKolo has commandeered several tables fortheirfound-object puppetry,a productionset around the Batture and meant as areflection on New Orleanshistory and heritage.

The performanceconsists of a shotgun shell, foam, otherpieces of reclaimed trash and broken piano bits. Kolo walks their “piano creatures,” made of piano hammers, across atable.

“The story itself isn’talinear narrative,” Kolo said. “The show

is wordless. It’smore like ameditation than likea traditional story So Ikind of invite people in the audiencetogather around thetable where this takesplace,and walk around as they please, or sit down.”

AnthonySellitto-Budney,whogoes by the performance name Crazy Hard Stuff, has been part of the festival for the past three years. This year,their performance will feature theRaveWizard, agigantic foam puppet carved with acarpet razor, covered in UV paint and fluorescent paint. They describe their work as mixedmedia; other props for the production include afried egg made out of abicycle wheel and fabric. They will act as the clown Crazy Hard Stuff,entering into a“Dance Dance Revolution” competition againstgiantpuppets andmonsters. Sellitto-Budney viewsthe festival as aspace where artists can make boundary-pushing “crazy and new”decisions. “I feel like Ihave seen alot of puppetshows, andIamalways surprised when Icometothe festival,” Sellitto-Budney said. “Some folks are just doing somecrazy stuff, and theiraestheticisshining through in avery different way.”

EASTER

The horns begin to blare through the air as the first Stepperbursts on the scene, prancing and waving two large, fluffy feather fans Cheers rise. Heads turn.Phones go up. The group’s“prettycolors” for the year are revealed as he moves to the rhythm.

One by one, more members follow,each receiving their own round of applause.

Then Joseph “RollinJoe” Henry makes his appearance.

His decorated wheelchair rolls forward, then spins, the front wheels lifting briefly off the ground as the crowd roars. He turns, dips and rollswith themusic, commanding the moment as much as any dancer on foot

“Ain’tnofeeling like when you come out that door,” Henry wrote in a2020 essay for the Historic New Orleans Collection. “Every-

TUNNELS

This tenuous terroir likely explains the surprise expressed last month after Elon Musk’sThe Boring Company selected New Orleans, along with Baltimore and Dallas, for its Tunnel Vision Challenge to explore building aone-mileloop tunnel.

Don’texpect any digging soon; it’sall pending feasibility studies and route options. Likewise,don’t imagine driving down this tunnel. The idea is to move people swiftly on aclosed transit system connecting congested areas such as airports, convention centers and downtown hotels.

The Vegas Loop, which the company bored through hard desert earth during 2019-21, is nicknamed “Teslas in aTube.”

gator belts and the bands wrapped around their hats. Their suits are tailor-made too. This year,even the fabric camefrom Mori.

Henry and his younger brother Sylvester,were among the20 foundersofthe club in 1994, serving as president and vice president.After two years of going “renegade” without permits or a charter,they worked withamember of the Lady Buck Jumpers to makethe parade official.

body out there waiting to see you, waiting to see your colors, the prettycolors.

“It still gives me butterflies every year.”

The Steppers’ outfits aresymbols of pride and investment. The members design their own gators —imported from Mori, Italy with each pair costing about $1,400. The two-toned shoes match their

The group chose to parade on Easter because other Sundays were taken. Now 32 years later, Henry is still president and the last surviving founder.Sylvester died in February 2025.

The second-line parade route changes, but always goes through PigeonTown, GertTown and Hollygrove. It ends at the Merry-GoRound Hall, homeofthe Young & True Friends Benevolent Association,aprecursor tothe Steppers.

Henry’sgrandmother,Edna Henry,belonged to the Young & True Friends,founded in 1881.

The 500-member association once wasone of the largest in the city It stopped parading in 1994. Henry was asked to take over theYoung &True Friends charter but he couldn’tatthe time. “It would have been nice to keep it going,”hesaid. Instead, he started the Pigeon Town Steppers Social Aid &Pleasure Club They continue the second-line tradition to honor those whocame before them, Henry said. “We want to keep fighting to keep it going. Sometimes you can’tlet it go because of the love forit. Idon’tever wanttogive it up. I want to pass it downtothe younger generations.”

At age 12,Henry wasriding his bike two blocks from his grandmother’s house when astray bullet hit him.Hehas been in a wheelchair ever since.

“I didn’tknow about being paralyzed,” Henry recalled. “It wasn’teasy.I didn’thave alot of thingsthat (disabled people) have

now.I’ve always been an athletic person. Ididn’twant to be left out. That has always been my mindset.”

Despite this life-changing injury,Henry refused to sit on the sidelines. He set out to do everything his friends did, and he still does today.When he’snot spinning himself through the secondline crowd, he takes apush from his friend Jamal Hall. Instead of competing with other clubs, the Steppers work to improve every year

“Wekeep the pastel colors because it is Easter,” Henry said. “Our goal is not to disappoint our fans. We put on ashow.It’swhat they want to see.”

And this Easter Sunday,asthe colors dance and the brass band marches downthe street, the fans will experience another spectacular moment.

Tammy C. Barneycan be reached at tlcbarney@gmail. com.

off on an alternative route through Algiers in 1954. As it extended, the waterway triggered aseries of bridgeversus-tunnel debates wherever it intersected with motorist arteries

of the worst traffic bottlenecks in theState.”

vey Canal Industrial Club initially supported abridge, but in 1950 endorsed atunnel instead, so as not to limit the height of vessels using the canal. Deemed feasible, the tunnel plan won.

Soon, workers began driving steel sheet piling beneath both sides of the Harvey Canal and into the bed itself,creating asubterranean cofferdam. Soil wasthen excavated from within the walled confine, and water pumped out, allowing forreinforced concrete tubes to be installed into the cavity,section by section. Once completed, an extremely strong roof and floor were built, and the roadbeds finished off.

tion of the Greater New Orleans Mississippi River Bridge. Alas, the Harvey project wasnot the first tunnel completed in the metro area. That distinction goes to the Belle Chasse Tunnel, which resulted from the resolution to that other bottleneck, of barges at the Harvey lock.

As for boring through our “sticky gumbo,” yes, it’spossible, and no, the high water table is not the main challenge, especially after municipal drainage hassubstantially lowered that aqueous level. Rather, the challenge has been to prevent the muddy mass comprising sand, silt and clay particles mixed with waterand organic matter —from collapsing into its own cavity Modern engineering has solved this problem by shoring up holesrightafter boring them. Musk’scutterhead device, for example, advances concrete tube segments, likecuff bracelets on an arm, into the cavity immediatelyafterit is hollowed out, preventing collapse.

So while aloop tunnel beneath NewOrleans is technically possible, it remains to be seen if such aproject is feasible and viable, following an assessment of needs, contingencies, benefits and costs, including long-term operations and maintenance. New Orleans shouldnot be viewed as an experimental laboratory, and this proposal is no mere academic exercise. Ahistory of regional tunneling shines light on the questions of infrastructure possibility feasibility and viability Tunnel at Nine Mile Point?

While speculation about tunneling beneath New Orleans arose periodically throughout the 19th century, the first serious proposal came in 1919, when the Public Belt Railroad Commission created aBridgeand Tunnel Committee to decide whether trains should go over or under the Mississippi River at Nine Mile Point. Knowing that boring beneath the riverbed would be costly and risky,tunnel advocates instead proposed laying aseries of prefabricated concrete ring sec-

tionsalong ariver-bottom trench,which wouldthen be sealed and pumped dry for trackstobelaid Shipperssupported this idea because it left thenavigation channel unimpeded. Butrailroaders worried as much as civil engineers about its difficulty, even after military officials required that any bridgeoption would have to be high enoughtoaccommodate large naval vessels. When the Commission hiredfamed bridge-builder RalphModjeskitodesign such aspan, he promptly quashed thetunnelidea, and in 1925, received a WarDepartment permit for what would become, in 1935, the Huey P. Long Bridge. All thewhile, what would become theworld’slongest canal was beingdredged to enable barges to sail between Texas and Florida withoutventuringinto open seas. Known as the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (GIWW), the channelconnected withthe HarveyCanalin1924, extended eastward from theIndustrial Canal in 1943, and forked

The mostpressing problem was on the West Bank, where all latitudinal traffic had to funnel onto 4th Street (now Louisiana 18) to get over the Harvey Canal/ GIWW,creating what the Jefferson Parish Yearly Review in 1950 called “one

Barge pilots, meanwhile, had abottleneck of their own. The GIWW got so busy that vessels had to line up for hours awaiting passage beneaththe 4th Street drawbridge and through theHarvey Locks.

TheHarveyTunnel

Described by the Yearly Review as “the second fully automatic underwater tunnel in the world,” the new infrastructure comprised “twoparallel tubes, each having 2-lane concrete highways,” running 1080 feet underground along afull span of “1850 feet…from ground level to ground level.”

Continued from page1D ä See TUNNELS, page 10D

To solve the vehicular bottleneck, transportation planners considered anew bridge or tunnel. The Har-

The Harvey Tunnel opened in September 1957, one year before the comple-

TheBelle Chasse Tunnel In 1948, Congress authorized an alternative channel forthe GIWWto be dug along the Jefferson/Plaquemines parish line. Work began in the early 1950s, including the construction of alock at the Algiers riverfront, a bridge forwhat is now Gen. DeGaulle Drive, and acombined railroad bridge, auto bridge and auto tunnel to access Belle Chasse. Unlike the concurrent project in Harvey,the Belle Chasse Tunnel preceded the canal it would go under.This allowed for the easier “cutand-cover” construction method, whereby atrench is dug on dry land and the

concrete tubes are cast and connected thereupon There was no boring or shoring; rather, the tunnel came together in open air and was later buried for the canal to be opened above.

For this reason, the Belle Chasse Tunnel — “the first underwater tunnel in the state,” according to the Yearly Review — opened by spring 1956, a year ahead of the Harvey Tunnel Five years later, workers completed the Houma Tunnel in Terrebonne Parish, also built beneath a new GIWW segment using the cut-and-cover process. To date, the Houma project is the last major vehicular tunnel to open in Louisiana. It was not, however, the last to be built in Louisiana. That dubious distinction goes to the Rivergate tunnel, whose strange story began in 1946 when the famed New York city planner Robert Moses came to town to advise on metro-area transportation improvements.

The Rivergate tunnel Moses’ influential report abounded in compelling ideas and sobering advice

“Never build a tunnel if you can build anything else,” he wrote in regard to the proposed downtown crossing of the Mississippi “A two-lane tunnel would have less than half the capacity of a four-lane bridge. It would cost more, would take twice as long to build, and cost substantially more to maintain…. (I) can see no justification for a tunnel and therefore without reservation recommend a bridge.”

Twelve years later, the Greater New Orleans Mississippi River Bridge opened, and today no one argues a tunnel would have been better

But Moses made one infamous recommendation in his 1946 report, one that earns him enmity to this day Envisioning westbound traffic funneling through

downtown, he viewed the French Quarter riverfront as the most expedient route to reach the West Bank, being at the time lined with unsightly cargo sheds and underused railroad tracks. He named his proposed viaduct the Waterfront Expressway, hardly considering what impact it might have on the city’s showcase historic neighborhood including Jackson Square.

After federal funding for the national interstate system became available in the early 1960s, preservationists rose up in fierce opposition for what was now called the Riverfront Expressway — even as most local powerbrokers, including City Hall, passionately supported the elevated viaduct.

Preservationists thought they found a new argument against the monstrosity when the Port of New Orleans began work on its International Trade Mart skyscraper (now the Four Seasons Hotel) and the adjacent Rivergate Exhibition Hall, both at the juncture of Canal and Poydras streets. How can an expressway be built to barricade a trade mart from its exhibition hall?, preservationists asked, hoping the latter two projects would help disrupt

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the former But the city had an answer ready and $1.3 million to back it up. It would preemptively build a concrete box-culvert tunnel — 98 feet wide, 20 feet high and 700 feet long so that three lanes of high-speed traffic would flow beneath the dual surface projects Architects designed the tunnel into the Rivergate basement, and in 1965, workers began digging the trench and piecing together the tunnel segments, resulting in what looked like a gigantic men’s tie box. After it was covered over in 1966, construction began on the Rivergate, which opened in 1968 in time for city’s 250th birthday The only remaining piece was the long-awaited, much-hated high-speed viaduct.

But in July 1969, the U.S. Department of Transportation issued a stunning decision to cancel the Riverfront Expressway, on grounds that it would indeed irreparably damage the French Quarter Preservationists rejoiced, while the city, having failed to fully assess viability, got stuck with a perfectly useless 700-foot-long tunnel. Some suggested turning it into a performance space;

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Previous dental work canwear out.

Even if you’ve had quality dentalwork in the past, you shouldn’t take your dentalhealth forgranted.Infact,yourodds of havinga dental problem only go up as you age.2

others called for a science museum or entertainment center One official interviewed in 1987 joked the subterranean chamber could be used for “growing mushrooms or for the world’s biggest wine cellar,” else an “underground swimming hole(,) giant fish tank (or) tunnel of love.” It ended up as valet parking for Harrah’s (now Caesar’s) Casino, opened in 1999 four years after the controversial demolition of the Rivergate.

A mixed record Tunnels in greater New Orleans have not been particularly successful. The Harvey Tunnel, largely supplanted in 1984 by the Harvey Canal Bridge, had to be closed temporarily in 2024 for extensive repairs, while the leaky “Belle Chasse Carwash” has been completely replaced by a new bridge. Both outcomes bring to mind Moses’s admonition, “Never build a tunnel if you can build anything else.”

Soil subsidence throughout New Orleans, meanwhile, has created a counterintuitive problem along our “water tunnels” that is, those subterranean drainage canals that send stormwater to the pumping stations. Because they rest on sturdy pilings, these concrete culverts sink at a much slower rate than surrounding neighborhoods, resulting in cracked and sloping surfaces. This explains that slanted neutral ground along 41004200 Fontainebleau Drive, and why your car goes airborne on South Claiborne Avenue when you speed across Napoleon. Subsidence around tunnels also partly explains the infamous “Sinkhole de Mayo” incident of May 5, 2016, in which a huge chunk of Canal Street asphalt collapsed immediately outside of the 1966 Rivergate tunnel. There are other tunnels around town. A pedestrian passageway connects a Poydras parking garage

with the basement of the casino. An abandoned vehicular tunnel lies beneath the old airport, while the new airport has a number of underground service tunnels. And I learned from a retired neonatal nurse that an underground corridor once connected Charity and Tulane hospitals, to get fragile preemies to needed care without exposing them to the elements. On that note, one might add a corollary to Moses’s adage: Build a tunnel only when you need one.

Richard Campanella, a geographer with the Tulane School of Architecture and Built Environment, is the author of “Draining New Orleans,” “Bienville’s Dilemma,” “Crossroads, Cutoffs, and Confluences,” and other books from LSU Press. He may be reached at http://richcampanella. com, rcampane@tulane. edu or @nolacampanella on X.

Early

best way to preventlargedental bills is preventive care. TheAmerican Dental Association recommends checkups twice ayear.

Treatment is expensive especially the servicespeople over 50 often need.

Consider these national average costs of treatment. $274for acheckup $299 for afilling $1,471 foracrown.3 Unexpected bills likethis can be areal burden, especially if you’re on afixed income.

“Medicare&You,”Centersfor Medicare&Medicaid Services,2025. 2 “Aging changesinteeth and gums”, medlineplus.gov,4/17/2022. 3 FairHealth, Inc. National average dentalfees. Datacurrent as of July 2025;subject to change

“Absolutely love” “I absolutely love my dental insurance. My dentaloffice files the claims,leaving me with very little balancetopay.” Dorothy P.,TN

“Bookshops have become cultural infrastructure. Acity withoutone is acity that stops thinking.”

DJ

JOHNSON,

founder of Baldwin&Co.

PLOT TWIST

IDEAS INNOVATION &

BY MARTHA SANCHEZ Staff writer

New houses are rising. Restaurants are opening. Vacation rentals are busy

It’saportrait of surginggrowth in theGulfCoastcityof Waveland, Mississippi.

“It’spicked up like crazy,” said Lisa Johnson, ashort-term rental owner in Waveland who gets new bookings almost every day.“It’s just going bonkers.” The city of around 7,000 people is experiencing an economic development boon as morenewcomers seek alaid-back,less crowded and often cheaper alternative to neighboring BaySt.

BY RICH COLLINS Staff writer

On aSaturday in late January,hundreds of people gathered to sipbrandymilk punchand share stories at adaylong retirement party at Blue Cypress Books in New Orleans’Carrolltonneighborhood.

Theguest of honor was acat named Kitty Meow,who had greeted the bookstore’s customers for 17 years but was now going to spend quieter days in aseparate office down the street

The huge turnout for theevent and robust sales of Kitty Meow-themed merch demonstrated theloyal community Blue Cypress owner Elizabeth Ahlquistand her team have builtsince launchingthe used and new bookstore in 2008.

“Itwas oursecond-biggest grossing day ever,” Ahlquist said in aphone interview recently.“People arecrazy,and they love

theweird events we have.” She’snot the only Louisiana bookseller to make that observation.

Afew decades ago, independent shops catering to the literary crowd looked like they were in trouble,asonline retailers andbig-boxstores threatened to pull the well-worn rugs outfrom under their dusty bookshelves by offering convenience and lowprices

But today,independent bookstores are doing better than ever.Between 2020 and 2025, the numberofshops in the United States grew by astaggering 70%, according to data from the American Booksellers Association. More than 400 stores opened last year alone.

In Louisiana,bookstore owners say the key to the turnaround has been theirabilitytobuild loyalcommunitiesbyhosting awide variety of events, curating unique collectionsofbooks and making welcoming places for people to connect andshare

ä See BOOKSTORES, page 2E

Louis. It is also asign of growth across theGulfCoast,wherevisitors from Louisiana andaround the South are scrambling to buy some of the last affordable beach homesinthe country. Waveland, destroyedbyHurricane Katrina, has been steadily gaining recognition in recent years for its small-town charm and family-oriented culture. Its waterfrontislined with elegant homes and is quieter thanBay St.Louis, where bars and restaurants line the beach More development keepscoming. A$16 million Marriott hotel is scheduled to open at the end of the summer. Last fall, the popular

restaurantRickey’sonColeman reopened tocrowds who rejoiced at itsreturn20years afterKatrina. Anew casual family restau-

Staff report

South Louisiana businesses and nonprofit groups recently announced the following promotions, new hires and resignations.

New Orleans

Steve Beiser has joined Gordon Arata as a member Beiser, who spent four decades practicing employment law at McGlinchey, joins Gordon Arata’s labor and employment team.

Layne Court has been promoted to millwork business leader for Woodward Millwork Group. Court previously led complex preconstruction efforts for Woodward.

Meghan Donelon has rejoined First Horizon Bank’s New Orleans commercial banking team as a commer-

BOOKSTORES

Continued from page 1E

cial banking group manager She returns to First Horizon after working as New Orleans market president for Red River Bank for the past five years.

Errika Moore has been hired as the first chief external affairs officer for Camelback Ventures. Moore was previously the executive director of the National STEM Funders Network, which aimed to support more equitable educational pathways for careers in fields involving science technology, engineering and math.

Megan McNeill has been hired as the Bureau of Governmental Research’s first director of communications and engagement McNeill previously worked as brand strategy director for The Vault Collective BGR also named three new board members: Ben Billings, the chief strategy officer of Civix Consulting Group; Bob Brickman a partner with the national accounting and consulting firm EisnerAmper; and Merrick Sloss, the president of the IT service provider Bellwether Technology

ideas. That means bookstores aren’t just bookstores anymore: They’re often blended with cafes, bars, podcast spaces and more.

“Bookshops have become cultural infrastructure,” said DJ Johnson, founder of Baldwin & Co., which debuted five years ago in New Orleans. “A city without one is a city that stops thinking.”

Growing indie scene

In Louisiana, bookstores that opened in 2025 include TBR Books & Tea in Baton Rouge, Magnolia Books in Jena and Book Club & Co., a romance-only shop combined with a bakery, in Lafayette. Hemingway House of Stories and Spirits — a used bookstore combined with a coffee shop and bar opened earlier this year in Pineville.

These newcomers join more than two dozen existing Louisiana stores, some of which are growing. In Uptown New Orleans, Blue Cypress and nearby Octavia Books have both doubled in size this decade. The Garden District Book Shop, acquired by new owners five years ago, has a new footprint. And Denham Springs-based Cavalier House Books opened a second location in 2024 in Lafayette.

“Our membership is double what it was four years ago,” said Linda-Marie Barrett, executive director of the Southern Independent Booksellers Alliance, which serves Louisiana and 10 other states. “And we’re seeing bookstores opening in new ways, as pop-ups, bookmobiles and nonprofits. They’re becoming that ‘third place’ outside of home and work for people to gather.” Some of Louisiana’s booksellers are reporting brisk sales. Barkley Rafferty said revenue at the Garden District Book Shop has grown each year since she partnered to buy it in 2021. Garner Robinson, co-owner of Faulkner House Books in the French Quarter, said his small shop just had its best March ever And John Cavalier, co-owner of Cavalier House Books, said firstquarter sales at both of his locations were up considerably from the previous year

Creating customers

Baldwin & Co. has become one of New Orleans’ most high-profile bookstores, partnering to be one of the official vendors at the New Orleans Book Festival at Tulane University each March. Johnson, the shop’s owner, said the store’s talk series featuring some of the nation’s biggest authors is a big reason why An off-site event in

NicholasWehlen has joined Baker Donelson as of counsel. Wehlen has experience in cases involving allegations of unfair trade practices, breach of contract and fraud and has represented professionals in licensing, malpractice and ethical issues.

Department of Transportation.

odist Children’s Homes, which provides three residential care campuses. Anding is a former chancellor of the Louisiana Conference of the United Methodist Church and the former president of the United Methodist Church Conference Chancellors Association.

Ryan Templet has joined Adams & Reese as a government relations adviser in the law firm’s intersection of business and governme nt practice. Templet spent five years as a legislative staffer in the Louisiana Senate.

Dr David Carmouche, chief medical and commercial officer at Lumeris, has been named to the Healthcare Advisory Committee. The new federal committee which will advise U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and its Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services on care delivery and financing.

Baton Rouge Kristi Crump has been promoted to chief commercial officer and senior vice president of brand, retail and e-commerce for Community Coffee. Crump previously held senior roles at TikTok and spent more than a decade working at Amazon.

Buzzy Anding, a Baton Rouge attorney has been elected to the board of the Louisiana Meth-

she loved being a part of a community built around reading

2024.

Cavalier House Books, which hosts hosts many author talks and other events at its Denham Springs store, opened a second location in 2024 in Lafayette. Co-owner John Cavalier says first-quarter sales at both stores were up considerably from the previous year

2024 featuring author Ta-Nehisi

Coates attracted more than 3,000 attendees and led to the sale of thousands of books.

Octavia Books also hosts talks that bring regular customers into its newly expanded space, as does

Garden District Book Shop.

In addition to author talks, shops statewide also welcome book groups and other special events, like the TBR Books “audio book walks,” which see participants popping in earbuds for a neighborhood stroll.

Sometimes, bookstores team up to produce events: A few weeks ago, more than a dozen regional owners gathered at Octavia Books to brainstorm ideas for this year’s Independent Bookstore Day, scheduled for April 25. New Orleans book lovers will be able to pick up “passports” at any of the participating stores, then get them stamped at multiple locations to compete for prizes.

Cavalier said every event is a chance to build business over the long term.

“We’ve hosted events that were a flop financially, but there was a

Clarke Chauvin has been named the intelligence transportation systems practice lead for NeelSchaffer Based in the Baton Rouge office of the Jackson, Mississippi-based engineering and construction management firm, Chauvin has previously delivered projects for the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development and the Alabama

school librarian in the audience, so we got a $10,000 book fair out of it,” he said.

Sip and read

Independent bookstores also have added food and beverage options, and other perks, to cultivate drop-ins even when there’s nothing in particular going on.

On a recent weekday afternoon at Garden District Book Shop, a family was playing a game near the bar The adults were holding cocktails while kids slurped on juice boxes. Nearby, a mother and daughter were hanging out after ballet class while a group of women set up a mahjong board.

Rafferty said she and her business partner, Carroll Gelderman, encourage drop-in visitors to their portion of a high-end retail space serving a mix of locals and tourists in one of the city’s historic neighborhoods.

A few miles upriver, Octavia Books is connected to Cafe Malou, which opened last year, by special bookcases that can open and close.

“People visit the store while waiting for a table, and then it’s hard to pass up a book,” bookstore owner Tom Lowenberg said.

Baldwin & Co. also has a brisk food and beverage business, and it is home to a podcast studio and four-bedroom short-term rental that attracts writers looking for a space to work.

‘People like to see themselves’

In addition to events and amenities, independent bookstore owners say a carefully curated collection — selected by people, not algorithms — is a key to their business models.

“You need to have good staff that can talk about books,” said Lowenburg, who opened Octavia Books 26 years ago when independent stores were “dropping like flies.”

Part of the trick to curating is to focus on local topics, owners say Cavalier and his wife, Michelle, launched their own distribution business, Looziana Book Co., in 2018 to sell books from regional publishers to retailers.

Now, in their dual roles as retailers and distributors, the Cavaliers look for promising new titles from local authors that they can help turn into regional hits. They set up events at libraries, civic organizations, book clubs and anywhere they can connect with interested readers.

Jordan LaHaye Fontenot’s 2025 release, “Home of the Happy,” an investigative memoir about a family tragedy is one success story

“It would have been a bestseller no matter what,” Cavalier said.

“But the type of events everybody lined up helped turn it into a grand slam home run.”

Finding big sellers is important for the Cavaliers and their industry peers, who remain small businesses facing thin margins and rising costs while maintaining ever-changing inventory

Jamie Freeman, owner of TBR, first stocked her store last year by ordering more than 7,000 books from Ingram, the industry’s dominant distributor Now, after a good first year, she’s focused on figuring out what to buy when new titles are released every Tuesday

Said Freeman: “I love putting the right books in people’s hands.” Email Rich Collins at rich. collins@theadvocate.com.

Regan Nelson has been named director of marketing and public relations for Off The Hook Restaurants. A New Orleans native, Nelson spent summers and holidays working at Elmer Chocolate, her family’s 170-year-old business, while growing up. Acadiana Sen. Brach Myers has joined Oceans Healthcare as vice president of corporate development. He will be based in Lafayette and help lead the company’s partnerships with hospitals and health systems. Myers, a Republican representing District 23 in the Louisiana Senate, previously worked for LHC Group as a senior vice president.

Bryan Maggard, in his 10th year as vice president for intercollegiate athletics at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette, has been appointed to a three-year term on the College Football Playoff Selection Committee. Do you have personnel changes to share? Email us at biztips@theadvocate.com.

BEACH

Continued from page 1E

Driving growth

Leaders say opportunities for growth are increasing in Waveland, especially as Bay St. Louis gets more crowded.

“Everything kind of went nuts in Bay St. Louis, but they’re landlocked — there’s not very far they can go other than what they’ve got,” said Rhonda AimeGamble, who serves on Waveland’s Board of Aldermen. “In Waveland, we’re not surrounded like Bay St. Louis is.”

Waveland’s new four-story hotel on U.S. 90 will be a dual concept property that includes Marriott’s Fairfield and TownePlace Suites. Its announcement two years ago followed news of other U.S. 90 developments, including Express Oil Change and Harbor Freight, a hardware store chain.

County leaders are pushing for more development on the highway, a commercial corridor between Waveland and Bay St. Louis. Popular coffee chain 7 Brew opened there last year New dining and fast-food franchises also want to open in the area, according to Blaine LaFontaine, executive director of the Hancock County Port and Harbor Commission, the area’s economic development authority “There’s demand there,” he said.

Despite the growth, Waveland’s beachfront will remain unique: The city prohibits commercial buildings on its beaches, meaning sandy shores will remain free of bars, restaurants and other waterfront businesses that dot the landscape of the Mississippi Coast.

The city’s population is rebounding and has nearly reached its pre-Katrina number Lots that have sat empty since the storm are now filling with homes under construction. Neighbors hear hammers pounding and power tools running almost every day

Waveland’s average home value is just over $200,000 — a few thousand dollars less than Bay St Louis, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Some families who owned second homes in Waveland for years before Katrina are finally buying in the city again. Many come from Baton Rouge, Mandeville and Covington.

“Now they’re trying to rebuild memories with their families,” said Holly Lemoine-Raymond, a real estate broker

The city is still quiet. It has about 85 registered short-term rental properties, according to the mayor But leaders created a new rule a few years ago that prohibits the number of shortterm rental permits from exceeding 5% of the city’s homes. Still, new visitors are arriving from around the country Johnson, the short-term rental owner, said tourists from New Orleans, northern Mississippi and even Chicago have booked her home.

“It’s taken us a long time, but we’re doing well,” Aime-Gamble, the city alderman, said.

“This is the time to come to Waveland,” she added. “It’s a bargain right now.”

TALKING BUSINESS

ASK THE EXPERTS

La.’s only circuit board designer, manufacturer is in Lafayette

BY ADAM DAIGLE Acadiana business editor

It was about a decade ago when James Palmer took his experience in circuit board design and ventured out on his own.

Q&A WITH JAMES PALMER

Palmer heads up Lafayettebased Pelican Engineering, which engineers and manufactures circuit boards. Pelican is the only contract manufacturer for circuit boards in Louisiana, he said.

Being the only company in Louisiana to do this work is a badge of honor of sorts, he said.

“Historically, it’s not something that’s been easy to get into, but I think we’ve shown there’s a demand for it. We’ve got clients all the way up to California and New York and a lot in Texas,” Palmer said.

With 45 employees and clients scattered around the country the company is poised to grow after it bought an 80,000-square-foot building last month.

In the world of circuit board manufacturing, Palmer said Pelican is still on the boutique side. The client base has grown 30% to 40% a year and the company could add at least five more employees this year, he said.

In this week’s edition of Talking Business, Palmer talks about his company’s move to its new headquarters, how it fared when tariffs spiked prices on its equipment and how a merger with another local company set it on a path for growth.

This interview has been edited for clarity

Let’s start with the present.You bought the old Top’s Appliances & Cabinetry building for $4.4 million How does this building meet your company’s needs?

I’ve always kept an eye on real estate as we started filling up our (previous) Banks Avenue location We started getting more and more manufacturing contracts, and that

takes up quite a bit of space. Those machines are not small. Originally, I saw this building for sale a long time ago and we weren’t in a position to buy it. We got a lease on it and eventually were able to buy it. This should hold us for quite a while. I’m a fan of having a little bit extra space for whatever possibilities are going to come up.

Did it take you a long time to find a building of this size available in Lafayette?

I had been watching probably for a couple of years I watched the Sears building go up for sale, and that went for crazy cheap. There’s really not a lot of (buildings) greater than 50,000, 60,000 square feet. This one had a combination of a few things that were good: a big

open warehouse for production and a nice storefront for our engineering space. It’s a good combination for both sides of our company Walk me back through how you started the company in 2015. I started my career working as a contractor for the Air Force Research Laboratory I did electronic warfare design for about a decade. Then I started the company, and it was just me and a laptop. An engineer for hire. I’ve been doing circuit board design for all my career, really I joke with people that I’m a onetrick pony circuit board design. But if you have to have a single trick, it’s not a bad trick. How did the business take off for you?

Little by little. I hired an intern and a full-time engineer, and then slowly some customers were like, “We don’t want you just to design it. How about you build a single prototype for us?” I knew how to do that. I did it by hand with microscope and tweezers. I was a lot younger then and my hands were a little bit steadier

Fast-forward a year or two, and they were like “How about you do five prototypes for us? And how about you do a preproduction run for us?” And it’s now, “How about you be our supplier for these things permanently?”

How have you been able to build a customer base? With clients based across the country, what’s been your niche against

these bigger companies?

For (some) customers, because we designed the board, we have design authority We know everything about it. If a substitute part needs to happen, we inform the customer and take it upon ourselves, fix it for them and keep them moving. With other contract manufacturers, as soon as that component goes out of stock, they hand it back to the customer and say, “We can’t build this.”

This came in really handy during COVID with the chip shortage. We did processor redesign for about a half-dozen customers, and it kept them moving. Their competitors were 18-24 months before their product could be back on the shelf. That’s the benefit of having your manufacturing team and your engineering team under one roof.

How did the tariffs from theTrump administration affect your bottom line?

Early on, tariffs were a big deal. We’ve had to change some of the ways we do manufacturing because of the volatility of the tariffs.

From the time you get a PO (purchase order) to the time you deliver the product, tariffs could jump one way or the other If you’re not pricing that in, you can take a loss on it The manufacturing, although it’s high volume,

AROUND THE REGION

50 Cent, Planet Hollywood eye Shreveport project

$100 million deal aims to develop next-generation entertainment venue

BY LIZ SWAINE Staff writer

Rap mogul Curtis “50 Cent”

Jackson signed a $100 million deal with Planet Hollywood, expected to bring a next-generation entertainment venue to Shreveport

Jackson will launch PH Live, an entertainment venue set to open at Planet Hollywood’s flagship Times Square location.

The concept is “expected to expand into additional markets, including Shreveport,” where Jackson is building a major film and television production hub, according to a news release.

Amanda K. Ruisi, the president of AKR Public Relations in New York City, said there will be a Shreveport connection to the project.

Jackson signed the contract with Robert Earl, the founder, owner and chair of Planet Hollywood International. Jackson recently completed a residency at the Las Vegas Planet Hollywood. Jackson also partnered on the 50 Cent Candy Shop Bar at the Las Vegas resort. The venture is Jackson’s first major restaurant and entertainment partnership, the news release said.

PH Live in Times Square will create “a new destination for celebrity-driven entertainment experiences in the heart of New York City.”

“This is about creating the ultimate entertainment destination,” said Jackson. “Planet Hollywood has always been connected to pop culture, and PH Live takes that energy to the next level, a place where music, film, sports and nightlife collide.”

The Times Square venue is expected to host events such as popup music performances, film and

Since announcing plans in 202324 for the revival of Millennium Studios as G-Unit Studios, Curtis ‘50 Cent’ Jackson has been adding to his portfolio of downtown Shreveport properties. The cumulative total of the 13 purchases is more than $4.6 million.

television premiere parties live sports simulcasts, VIP private events and corporate gatherings, bachelor and bachelorette parties and birthday celebrations.

In addition to the events at the venue, Jackson will also curate some of the menu items at PH Live and will loan personal memorabilia to the PH collection. Louisiana and G-Unit Film & Television LLC signed a 62-page Cooperative Endeavor Agreement in January guaranteeing a $50 million state incentive for the development of Jackson’s G-Unit Studio, the G-Dome entertainment facility and for the former Stageworks. In the agreement, Louisiana Economic Development states

that G-Unit and its affiliates have purchased a number of buildings in downtown Shreveport, “among other things,” and have already spent “approximately $10,000,000 as a capital investment in the project.”

Since announcing his plans in 2023-24 for the revival of Millennium Studios as G-Unit Studios, Jackson has been adding to his portfolio of downtown properties. The cumulative total of the 13 purchases is more than $4.6 million.

To date, G-Unit has purchased 13 individual properties downtown.

In addition to the purchased properties, Jackson and G-Unit have entered into long-term leases with the city of Shreveport for Millennium Studios and the former Stageworks/Expo Hall.

As of March 3, Shreveport City

Attorney Marcus Edwards said no permits had been pulled for renovations to any of the properties.

The clock is ticking on the $50 million promised as an incentive to 50 Cent/G-Unit by Louisiana

In the signed cooperative endeavor agreement, promises were made on when production and events at G-Unit Studios, the G-

Dome and G-Stage would need to start. Productions must begin this year

During that five-year period, GUnit has agreed to at least 24 productions that will carry a cumulative production budget of $420 million and 26 live performances at the G-Dome. The money part of a performance-based site development award, can be clawed back if specific performance and hiring promises are not met.

Email Liz Swaine at liz. swaine@theadvocate.com.

Beyond isn’taplace —it’samindset. Andit’sabeliefthathas poweredusfor over80years We areJones Walker LLP,a firmdrivenbyanentrepreneurial spirit,adeepsenseofcommunity,and afierce determination to deliverexceptional serviceand valuefor our clients. Since1937, ourfirm hasbeencommitted to workingwithcommunityleaders to develop business opportunitiesacrossthe state. We aresteadfast in continuing ourdedicationtogobeyondinadvising clientsand supportinginitiatives andorganizations that make Louisiana abetterplace to live andwork

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TheFuture FlowsThrough Louisiana

GenXersare facing anew eraofeconomicinstability

RetirementSecurity

relevant.I’ve chosen “Retirement

Financial fear is auniversal language right now

These days, Ioften get stopped in the supermarket aisles, aftera workout or at church.

Michelle Singletary

From young adults to retirees, the faces change but the questions remain the same.

People arewondering if they should prepare for amarket crash as the conflict with Iran worsens Anxious savers question whether it’stime to withdraw theirmoney from the bank and keep it at home. Families are concerned about whether Social Security will still be there for them or whether the Trump administration will drastically alter the benefits they have spent alifetime earning.

Bites: AGen XGuide to Securing Your Financial Future” by Kerry Hannon and Janna Herron, both seasoned personal finance writers.

The title is awink at “Reality Bites,”the 1994 film that defined

Gen X’searly struggle to find its footinginthe adult world. They arenow facing theangst of retirement.

n Themajority of the 64 million born between 1965 and 1980 expect to postponetheir retirement.

n They carry the most in averagecreditcard debt ($9,600 in 2025, according to Experian). And they hadthe highest averagestudent loan balance, owing $44,240 in 2024, according to areport by the Education Data Initiative.

your head. It’sa necessary beginning, because your attitude can stall even the best-laid plans. This journey begins with this question: What’s your financial backstory?

Thinkbacktoyourchildhood

Did you grow up in ahousehold where fightsabout money were so common thatnow youavoid conversations aboutitatall costs?

Looking back,you can gain the clarity to distinguish between needsand wants, askill thatbecomes vitalwhenyou eventually switchtoliving on afixedincome.

n Two-thirdsare living paycheck to paycheck

These aren’tsimply nervous ramblings. They are the logical reactions of folks watching the price at the pump rise while the Strait of Hormuz remainslargely impassable.

It’sprecisely this climate of uncertainty that makes this month’s ColorofMoney Book Clubpick so

Fool’sTake: Big brands, big dividend

When acompany is struggling is sometimes (but not always) agreat time to buy its stock That seems to be the case with Hormel Foods (NYSE: HRL).

Gen Xers (theyoungest turning 46 this year,the oldest 61) are a financially strained group. With pensions disappearing, persistent inflation concerns,rising health care costs, lingering student loan debt and awar of choice hitting the stock market hard, they are justified in worryingabout retirement security.

Here are somesobering numbers about this generation, according to the authors’ research:

n Aquarter of Gen Xers don’t have aretirement account. “When looking at medianretirement savings levels for Generation X, the bottom half of earners have only afew thousand dollars saved for retirement,and the typical household has only $40,000 in retirement savings,”according to a2023 report from the National Institute on

“But we’re here to say it’snot time to give up,” the authors write.

Feel what youmust, but then it’s important that you manage what you can,they encourage.

“Our ultimate goalistoget you where youcan visualize acomfortable retirement —even as new challenges mayarise —but not be overwhelmed by the steps you need to take to get there.”

Youcan’t control global oil prices or geopolitical tensions, but you can control your response to them.

One way to handlefinancial uncertainty is to arm yourself with information. This isn’tleisure reading, but it’sablueprint for aroad outof the economic anxiety

Hannonand Herrondon’t start with spreadsheets; they start with

Were yousooverindulgedasa child that youconnect your selfworth to the stuff youown?

Hannonand Herronrecognize thatyou can’t build astable retirement on afragile emotional foundation. Before examining the numbers, youmust look in the mirrorand admit thatthe child you once were oftenmakes the adult’s financialchoices

Theauthorsencourage youto journal about howyourmemories of money affect your financial habits.

Ihavelongbelievedinexploring the connection between your history andyour financialhabits or the emotional triggers thatcan prevent better money management.

If yougrewupina household where money wasa sourceof trauma, you might find yourself as an adulteitherobsessively hoardingcash outoffear or impulsively spending to compensate forpast deprivation. Youcan’t maintain the disciplineneeded fora 20- or 30yearretirement planifyou haven’t identified the money scripts you inherited.

Oncethe emotionalground is cleared,the authors pivottothe traditionalterrain of personalfinance. Theycover awide range of topics, fromcreating anet worth statement to understanding your 401(k), the realitiesofworking longer, optimizing Social Security,and navigating the maze of Medicare andhealth carecosts, allwhile balancing myriad otherfinancial priorities.

Hannonand Herrondon’t promise amiraclefinancialfix, but they offerpractical advicetothe biting reality of ourcurrent economy without having to cover your eyes

Email Michelle Singletary at michelle.singletary@washpost com.

Then

THE COLOR OF MONEy Motley Fool

The drop of around 23% in its stock price over the past year has pushed up its dividend yield to arecent 5.1% Struggling companies sometimes reduce their dividends, but Hormel has been paying dividendsfor 390 consecutive quarters, since it went public in 1928, and it has increased its payout for 60 years in arow

On top of that, The Hormel Foundation controls roughly47% of the company’sstock, usingthe dividends it collects from Hormel Foods to further its philanthropic efforts.Sothat dividend is not very negotiable. Hormel’sportfolio of branded

food products hasn’tbeen firing on all cylinders lately but is still powerful, with names such as Applegate, Dinty Moore, Jennie-O, Planters, Skippy and Spam.Hormel’s brands hold the No. 1orNo. 2 position for market share in more than 40 categories. Its relatively inexpensive foods are alsoitems consumers will turn to during difficulteconomic times, and this can bolsterthe stockduring downturns that affect therest of the market. Hormel has brought back former CEO Jeffrey M. Ettinger as its new interim CEO in hopesofturning its fortunes around.

Fool’sSchool: Smart

401(k)moves, mistakes

Most of us woulddowell to participate in 401(k) plans that our employers offer n Manyemployers will chip in matching funds to your account, so contribute at least enough to your plantograb allavailablematching dollars.Ifyour company matches

50% of your contributions up to 6% of your salary, be sure to qualify for themaximum match —that’s free money

n It’soften good to contribute much moretoyour account, though. For 2026, themaximum 401(k) contribution is $24,500. Those aged 50 and older can make an extra $8,000 “catch-up” contribution. If you could contribute $20,000 to your account annually and it grows at 8%, you could amass more than $915,000 over 20 years.

n Be sure to invest your contributions effectively.Many plans will plunk your dollarsinextrasafe, low-return investmentsby default.Consider broad stock funds, such as an S&P500 index fund, for much of your longtermmoney.(Check out thefees charged, though, so you can avoid steep ones. Under 1% is OK, and under 0.50% is even better.)

n Don’tborrow from your 401(k) if you can help it —any money removed won’t be growing for you,

possibly for years. Also, it can be hard to pay back 401(k) loans on time, resulting in taxes due and penalties charged.

n Don’tcash out when you change jobs, either.Instead, roll your account into a401(k) account with your new employer,orinto an IRA. That will let your accumulated funds keep growing for you. (Read up on the rules so you do this correctly.)

n Be sure to designate one or morebeneficiaries for your account to avoid probate and perhaps reduce thetax bill. It’ssmart to review these designations every few years. Learn more about 401(k) accounts and retirement tips at fool. com/retirement.

My Dumbest Investment: Ilost faith

Ibought 100 shares of theRoyal Caribbean cruise line in 2008 at $8 per share. Iwas happy,getting dividends and abenefitfor owning 100

Accountabilitycertified: Louisiana’s most scrutinizedfishery justgot recertified sustainable. Here’swhatthe science actually shows.

The Gulf menhadenfishery has passed theworld’smostrigorous fisheries audit –again.

Thisarticle is brought to youby theLouisiana Commercial FisheriesCoalition,LLC

he Gulf menhaden

Tfishery has earned its first recertification from the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) –the world’s leading certification body for sustainable fisheries –reaffirming its environmental performance and science-based management following arigorous,multi-year independentaudit

The MSCisthe world’sleading certification body forsustainable fisheries,and the 2026 recertification provides thirdpartyverification that the fishery continues to meet the highest standards forsustainability, ecosystemhealth, and effective management. MSCcertifications arevalid forfive years, with annual surveillance audits to ensureongoing compliance. Afull recertification –including public commentand the opportunity forobjections –isrequired every fiveyears. The fishery wasfirst certified in 2019

The MSCprocessis exhaustive, examining every dimension of the fishery’s performance: stock health, bycatchrates, environmental impacts,and regulatory oversight. Fisheries must meet strict scoring thresholds acrossall categories with anydeficiencies requiring time-bound correctiveaction.

The Marine Stewardship Council is an independent, international nonprofit organization thatsets the world’s leading standardfor sustainable fishing. Its certification program is science-based, globally recognized, and relies on thirdpartyauditors, transparent public input,and continuous monitoring to ensurefisheries meet the highest benchmarksfor environmental performanceand accountability.

The Gulf menhaden fishery successfully addressedall conditional scores from its first certification, demonstrating continuous,measurable improvement.

“Achieving recertification against the MSCFisheries Standardreflects strong, ongoing stewardship of the resource, including careful monitoring and aclear focus on simultaneously maintaining healthymenhaden populations and protecting the marine ecosystem,”said Marin Hawk, Senior Manager Fishery Partnerships,U.S.atthe Marine Stewardship Council. “MSCcertification is alongterm commitmentrequiring continuous improvementand accountability, and the Gulf menhaden fishery’s performance underscores its dedication to sustainable practices.We commend the fishery and all those involved forhelping to safeguard the long-term sustainabilityof this importantfishery.”

Menhaden aresmall, nutrientrich fish found in abundance along the Gulf Coast and play an importantrole in both the marine ecosystemand Louisiana’s economy. Harvested using purse seine nets,the species is processedintofishmeal and fish oil –essential inputs for aquaculture, U.S. pet food, livestock feed, and human nutrition –valued fortheir high omega-3 content

“This recertification is independent, rigorous,and grounded in science –itconfirms thatour fishery operates responsibly and sustainably,” said Francois Kuttel, Presidentand Principal Owner of Westbank Fishing. “Every step we take, from modernized nets to management and reporting practices,is

independently verified and publicly accountable, leaving no room fordoubt about the fishery’s sustainabilityorits benefit to Louisiana communities and markets.”

Economic Impact and Importance of Recertification

Louisiana’smenhaden industry supports morethan 2,000 jobs and generates approximately $419 million in annual economic impact,and generates$25 million in state and local tax revenue. The industry alsopurchases morethan $62 million in goods and services from Louisiana businessesacross32parishes

The fishery is poweredbytwo Louisiana-based, U.S.-ownedand-operated companies –Westbank Fishing, headquartered in Empire, and Ocean Harvesters, based in Abbeville. Each works with aprocessing partner –Daybrook Fisheries forWestbank and OmegaProtein forOcean Harvesters–thatreceived the official MSCrecertification certificatesonbehalf of the Gulf menhaden fishery

MSCrecertification enhances global market accessfor sustainably sourced products,helping protect Louisiana jobs while ensuring the industry remains competitiveininternational markets increasingly driven by sustainabilitystandards.

Louisiana’s menhaden industry supports more than 2,000 jobs,and generates approximately $419 million in annual economic impact, and generates $25million in stateand local tax revenue.

Science,Management, and Accountability

“This certification is not just about environmental performance –it’sabout the people and communities that depend on this fishery,” said Ben Landry,Vice Presidentof Ocean Harvesters. “Independent verification confirms the Gulf menhaden stockisabundant, alsothe fishery is well-managed, and operates environmentally sustainably,reflecting both the health of the menhaden population and the stewardship of our industry.”

The MSCstandardisbuilt on three coreprinciples: maintaining healthyfish stocks, minimizing environmental impact,and ensuring effective, adaptivemanagementsystems Certification requires third-party review, stakeholder engagement, and annual audits to ensure ongoing compliance.

Recentstock assessments and ongoing scientific monitoring consistently showthatGulf menhaden populations remain healthyand arenot subject to overfishing. The fishery is widely recognized forits lowbycatch ratesand efficientharvesting practices

The Gulf menhaden fishery is the most tightly regulatedinthe state,overseen by the National Marine Fisheries Service, the Gulf StatesMarine Fisheries Commission, and Louisiana’s wildlifeagencies,ensuring layers of state and federal oversightalready hold the fishery accountable every day, confirming compliance and sustainability. According to the most recent

stock assessment, Gulf menhaden populations arestronger thanat anypointinthe past four decades, with spawning stock biomass morethan tripled since the 1990s Fishing mortalityhas declined to just one-thirdof1990s levels.The Gulf menhaden fishery harvests lessthan2%oftotalbiomass, leaving ample resources in the ecosystemfor predators such as reddrum, speckled trout,and marine mammals

Bycatch Study Reinforces Findings

Recertification follows the release of landmark, $1 million state-funded bycatchstudy which found the Gulf menhaden

industry accountsfor just 3.4 percentofred drum removals comparedto96.6percent attributed to recreational fishing.

The findingsunderscorethe Gulf menhaden fishery’s limited ecological impact and adherence to regulatory limits and reinforce thatthe industry’s impact is monitored, measured, and publicly accountable.

LookingAhead The recertification comes as globaldemand forsustainable seafood inputs continues to grow particularly in aquacultureand animal nutrition markets “Our abilitytomaintain this certification depends on a

consistentcommitmenttodata, transparency,and responsible management,”said Kuttel. “We’ve shown thatwhen afishery follows strict science-based standards, we candeliver both environmental and economic outcomes –alevel of accountabilitythatnot all user groups areheld to.”

With MSCrecertification secured, the Gulf menhaden fishery continues to serveasa global model forsustainability–supporting healthyecosystems strong coastal communities, and critical U.S. supply chains –with accountability thatisproven, measured, and independently verified.

MADE IN LOUISIANA

Masteryofsex offender registry drawsmajor investment

BY JONAH MEADOWS Staff writer

During its more than 25 years in business, Mandeville-based Watch Systems keeps finding itself in the right place at the right time.

The company beganbuilding its flagship software product, OffenderWatch, at atime when internetbased mapping technology and sex offender regulations were bothin their infancy Its software is designed tohelp law enforcement agencies manage the complex mandates of monitoringregistered sex offenders, which includes keepingtrack of offenders, sharing data across thousands of jurisdictionsand producing apaper trail of compliance.

“We’rethe only company onthe planet that does that,” said Watch Systems President Mike Cormaci. “And it’sbecause we got luckywith building the original platform.”

Today,its clients include 4,000 law enforcement agencies across all 50 states, and it generates more than $10 million in annual revenue and maintains aproprietary database of about amillion registered sex offenders.

Now it’spoised for further growth. Last fall, aSilicon Valley private equity firm purchasedthe companyfor an undisclosed price and is looking to acquireother businesses in the public safety sector Maptech OffenderWatch’splatform dates back to the 1990s, when Covingtonbased Fuelman, which sold gas cards at adiscount for company fleet vehicles, developed its own digital mapping technology to help users find gas stations in its network. Many of the company’sclients at the time were law enforcement agencies that, Cormacirealized, could use the mapping technology to keep track of sex offenders.

(Many agencies were still storing theirrecords in filingcabinets.) Cormaci, then asales manager for Fuelman,partnered with Fuelman

CEO Lou Luzynski to spin off a newcompany

“At first, the internet was so newthat Iwould talk to sheriffs about theinternetand they’d say ‘That’snot going to hang in there

Nobody’sgoing to use email, Cormaci said.

Forthe first few years, Luzynski and Cormaci basically worked for free, growingthe businessesone law enforcement client at atime with asingle developer and three other staffers. Aboutfive years in,things began to snowball, andCormaci’ssales tripsstarted to geteasier

“OnceI gotto20-25 accounts in astate, they started to see thebenefit of thenetwork,” he said. “Law enforcement is very fraternal, so we could startusing them as references.”

In additiontocontractswithlocal police and sheriff’soffices across all 50 states, Watch Systems also has annual contracts with nearly

twodozen statewide agencies, ranging fromless than$100,000 for thesmallestterritoryto$500,000 or morefor alarger state.

50 statesex codes

OffenderWatch’sparticularadvantage comes from itsability to cross-index the codes forsex crimesfrom one state to another,because each state’slaws have their own setofdefinitions for sex crimes and rules for those convicted of them. Over theyears, it has continuously integrated statespecific requirements and updated its software as laws change.

list, Cormaci said. Instead,OffenderWatchhas to contendwithpublic agencies electing to build their own systems rather than outsourcing them.

“It’scrazy because we don’thave commercial competitors. They’ve come and gone,” Cormaci said.

“Wehaveavery unique business model.”

“It’scrazy

because we don’t have commercial competitors. They’ve comeand gone.We have averyunique business model.”

MIKE CORMACI,Watch Systems president

Anyprivatecompany lookingtocompete with the platformwould have to spend several years and tens of millions of dollars to build acomparable databaseand client

their children. Still another allows offenders themselvestofulfill their statutory registration requirements forafee of $60 ayear Adifferent butrelated Watch Systemssoftware product uses the samemapping data developed to determine sex offender rules to calculate precise salestax obligations. That can result in significant savings when it comes to sellers of big-ticketitems like cardealerships.

“Ray Brandt came down to shake my hand based on how much money we saved him,” Cormaci said, recalling his last car purchase. Investment,acquisitions

In 2021, Watch Systems relocatedfromCovington to its 12,500-square-foot Mandeville headquarters, from which it prints and sends about 5million cards every year to notifyneighbors that a sex offender has moved in nearby Last fall, the company accepted abuyout offer from STG Partners, aSilicon Valley private equity firm that specializes in middle-market enterprise software platform and techservicecompanies. Watch Systems was an ideal fit for the firm’s portfolio.

“Wehave been impressed by the company’sability to provide highquality, reliable software at great value to its customers,” said managing partner Rushi Kulkarni, announcing the investment.

In additiontostate and local clients, the federal government uses OffenderWatch to scan flight manifests for sex offenders and alerts relevant agencies when an offender goes off the grid.

The companyhas also developed mobile apps leveraging its database One helps officers updatethe registry in real time fromthe field. Another allows parentstoget alerts when aregistered offender attempts to contact

WatchSystemsleaders, who continue to run the company as they did before the acquisition, aim to use the influx of private equity cash to fuel acquisitions of similar companies and add to its40fulltime employees and more than 15 off-site contractors.

CEO BenLuzynski, who took over as chief executive from his father in 2024, said it has no plans to leave Louisiana.

“Wewant to keep it here,” Luzynski said. “We’ve had it here 25 years, and we’dlike to see it here 25 more.”

Email JonahMeadowsatJonah. Meadows@theadvocate.com.

We’reaskingourreadersandtheLouisianacommunityatlargetohelpussustainthekind ofimpactjournalismthatchangeslawsandchangeslives.Yourtax-deductibledonation goessolelytoourpublicservicereporters,editorsandphotographersinthefield.

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LOUISIANA

GROWINGCAPACITY

N.O. hospital expandsNICUin$40Mrenovationdue to rising needsfor critically illbabies

BY MARGARET DELANEY Staffwriter

Manning Family Children’s

Hospital announced a$40 million plan to builda 60-bed neonatal intensive care unit in its New Orleans hospital— tripling the current NICU’ssquare footage —asLouisiana faces the second-highest preterm birthrateinthe country

Although no babies are born at ManningFamilyChildren’s, last year thehospitalNICU caredfor 272criticallyill babies transferredfrom 39 different referring hospitals across the region.

The current capacity of its NICU is 35 beds, apatientnumberthey have grown out of in the last two years. The current NICU at Manning FamilyChildren’sis the only Level4NICUinthe state, an accreditation awarded to hospitals with everypediatric

medical and surgical specialty underone roof.

Thehospital hasseen an increase in thenumber of “micropreemies” cared for over recent years, including babies born as early as 22 weeks— many weighing barely apound.

Thefourth floor of thehospital’sbuilding, where the new NICU will sit, was intentionally leftasa blankcanvas when they completed construction on a newstand-alonechildren’shospital in 2021.

One year ago, 45-year hospital board member Betty Sullivantoldthe hospital’sChief Executive Officer Lou Fragoso thatanew NICU was the next step in the health system’scare.

“Westarted working on it the next day,” Fragoso said.

Construction is expected to last ayear and half, with hospital operations expected tobegin

La.occupational therapisttalks about sedentarylife ä See NICU, page 2X

BY SHANTELL GOMEZ Contributingwriter

Sitting has largely taken over daily life. Commutes happen in a car.Work happens in adesk chair Even rest often looks thesame

—justadifferentchair,maybe pairedwith ascreen. Hours pass.

The body staysfolded.

The human body was not built to stay still.

Movement is what keeps joints lubricated, muscles engaged, andenergyregulated. Withoutit, things begintotighten. Hips stiffen, thelower back starts to ache, andshoulders round forward.

Health professionals are seeing theeffects more clearly

“In recent years, people of all ages have become increasingly more sedentary,” said Nancy Hollier,anoccupationaltherapist. “Whensitting for long periods of time,core strength weakens and posture tends to suffer,which can lead to curving of the spine known as kyphotic posture.”

Hollier also noted thatprolonged sitting can compress nerves, sometimes leadingtonumbness in thelegs.

Sedentary behavior oftenhappens in long, uninterrupted stretchesrather than beingbrokenupthroughout the day,accordingtoresearch published in the InternationalJournalofEnvironmental Research and Public Health. Stillness, more than slouching, is what createsthe cascade of stiffness, weakness anddiscomfort.

“It isn’tone or the other,” Hollier said. “It’s more of acause and ef-

fect —prolonged stillness can lead to poor posture.”

After hours of sitting, fatigue sets in, which often leads back to moresitting —even though movementcould break the cycle. Modern environments make this harder.Many cities are built around driving, not walking. Workspaces are designed for prolonged sitting. Convenience often removes

ä See SITTING, page 2X

STEPPING UP

Stair climbers love their exercise, even when security guards are wary

BY MIKE STOBBE AP medical writer

NEW YORK Tom McGee be-

gan climbing stairs for exer-

cise 20 years ago as part of an effort to stay off cigarettes.

It hasn’t always been easy: His climbs in hotel stairwells sometimes draw the attention of security guards.

“I’ve gotten kicked out of about every hotel in the city,” said McGee, a 69-year-old market researcher who lives near Chicago.

Climbing stairs has become increasingly ingrained in exercise guidance, but many people who do it regularly say it can be challenging in an era where office tower managers commonly cut off access to stairwells

Here’s a look at stair climbing as a form of exercise, and some of the unexpected challenges some people face in trying to do it.

Great exercise

Dr Luis Rodriguez, a semiretired pediatric pulmonologist, participates in stairclimbing events and lauds the benefits.

“You are working your legs. You are working your heart. You are working your lungs,” said Rodriguez, 66. “You can get a lot more benefit than just walking, because gravity is working against you.”

Experts:

By the dpa (TNS)

He’s backed up by research that found climbing stairs for four minutes is roughly equivalent to about 10 minutes of brisk walking or 20 minutes of slower walking.

In 2018, federal physical activity guidance was changed to promote shortburst activities like taking the stairs every time you have to move between floors at work The guidelines said such activities can add up over the course of a day, meaning you can improve your health even if you can’t go for a run or do a 30-minute workout.

Many people “don’t realize that they don’t have to exercise all in one bout for it to be effective,” said Stella Volpe, a Virginia Tech exercise expert.

Stair climbing also has the potential to improve mental health for many people and is associated with improved feelings of energy, said Jennifer Gay, a public health researcher at the University of Georgia.

People who might have trouble on stairs should talk to their doctors before trying a climbing regimen, experts say

Liability concerns The American Lung As-

sociation holds fundraising events each spring in office towers in cities across the country The “Fight for Air” events are widely regarded as fun, but organizers say the name draws from the shortness of breath people can experience after climbing dozens of floors — or having a lung disease.

Landlords aren’t always so accommodating.

Some law firms tell landlords and building owners that they can he held liable if someone trips or slips on a staircase Poor lighting, liquid on steps and broken handrails are among the conditions that can be cited in lawsuits if someone falls and gets hurt.

Many building managers have taken such advice to heart, saying stairs can only be used in emergencies.

A study of hospital emergency department visits, published in 2018, concluded that more than 1 million stair-related injuries occur in the U.S. each year, with broken bones more common in older people. More than 60% of the injured were women.

Research suggests there’s very little risk of injuries for people climbing stairs, Gay said. Going down stairs can be riskier and building managers “can’t make it a

one-way street,” she added. For more than a decade, some health advocates have pressed for better access to steps.

In 2013, a California-based health policy nonprofit called ChangeLab Solutions issued a resource guide that urged property owners to open their stairwells, arguing they posed no greater liability risk than other common areas.

Gay and her colleagues have estimated that 60% of U.S. workers do their jobs in multistory buildings with stairwells. But there are no statistics showing what percentage of those buildings have restrictions on stair access.

How to find a way to climb

Many people who like to climb have stories about

trouble finding staircases they can use.

Lisa Bai, a New Yorker who works in real estate, said she’s not able to use the stairs in her office building. It would seem like an easy way to get some exercise, but sometimes “it’s not,” she said.

Bai and others say they find other ways to step up. Fitness equipment such as StairMaster machines can approximate the physical work of stair climbing, although people who participate in tower climbs say it isn’t as arduous as the real thing.

You might have to get creative if you don’t have easy access to stairs at home or in public spaces.

Carmen Erickson and Vivian Dawson, who live in the Detroit suburbs, have been

meeting about three times a week to climb stairs, usually in a nearby park, for roughly a decade.

But it can be trickier when they travel. When they vacation together, they make a point to stay on the top floor of tall hotels so they can use the stairs. They also look for hills and hospital parking decks. They also have negotiated after-hours access to one building’s stairwells, agreeing to sign a waiver and check in with security officers each time.

“If you connect with the right people and tell them what they’re doing and agree to the rules, it hasn’t really been a problem for us,” said Erickson, 53. But Dawson, 64, added: “You have to really want to do it.”

Sleeping with no pillow may be better for glaucoma patients

LONDON Sleeping without a pillow may be better for people with a common eye condition, a study suggests.

Stacking two pillows in bed was linked to higher pressure inside the eye among glaucoma patients. This may be down to pressure on the jugular vein, the main blood vessels in the neck, researchers in China said. The study, published in the British Journal of Ophthalmology, included 144 people with glaucoma

not usually have symptoms, it can cause blindness if left untreated.

The condition is usually caused when fluid builds up in the front part of the eye, damaging the optic nerve, which connects the eye and the brain. It is most common in people over 50 and while it does

Researchers measured internal pressure in the right eye of each patient every two hours for 24 hours while sitting and lying down. Their heads were then raised to between 20 and 35 degrees by two pillows, with pressure measured 10 minutes later, before they were

NICU

Continued from page 1X

in the new space in spring of 2027. In the meantime, the NICU team is on the hunt for more staff to fill a workforce in the new space — respiratory therapists, NICU nurses, surgical specialists and more.

“We’ve already started recruiting and training,” said Dr Christy Mumphrey, the service line chief for neona-

tology, “We plan to be ready well before construction on the space is completed ” The new unit will feature an intentional design that “fosters a quiet, low-stimulation, family-centered healing environment” that includes private spaces for families.

Expansions include: single and double bed family rooms, a “back of the house” wing for medical personnel, academic space for continued learning, washers and dryers for parents in long-term

Continued from page 1X

the need to move at all. Over time, simple activity feels tiring, and the body adapts to prolonged sitting.

The focus is no longer on the perfect chair — it’s about changing the pattern Making a shift

When sitting, the body should be supported in a way that keeps joints aligned Hollier recommends what is often called the 90-90-9090 rule: “90 degrees at elbows, 90 degrees at hips, 90 degrees at knees and 90 degrees at ankles while touching the floor.” She added that desk

asked to lie down flat again. Researchers found that eye pressure increased in more than two-thirds (67%) of people when they were lying on pillows when compared to lying flat.

The position was also linked to an increased fluctuation in eye pressure over 24 hours and a fall in the pressure at which blood enters the eye.

Lying on pillows with the

neck at an angle may compress the jugular vein, which takes blood from the head back to the heart, the study suggests.

To explore this further, the team performed ultrasounds on 20 healthy volunteers and found the high-pillow position led to “significant constriction” of the jugular vein’s lumen the hollow passageway through which blood flows. Researchers said people with glaucoma “may benefit from avoiding sleeping postures” that cause this compression, although further research was needed. They added that this adjustment represented “a simple yet potentially effective” strategy for maintaining long-term internal eye pressure.

stays as well as advanced technologies and room for industry growth for the preterm babies. What to do with the old NICU space, once construction is complete, is still up in the air

“Our burn unit, stem cell therapy teams and sickle cell treatments are all possibilities for expansion,” Fragoso said.

Email Margaret DeLaney at margaret.delaney@ theadvocate.com.

a right angle and that chairs should provide lumbar support to maintain the spine’s natural curve. Movement has to be built into the day, not necessarily as a full workout, but as regular interruptions to stillness. “A simple change to incorporate in each day is standing every 30 to 45 minutes to stretch,” Hollier said “This can help loosen up tension and lead to better posture.”

The goal is not to eliminate sitting. Standing all day comes with its own problems — leg pain and joint stress. Hollier emphasized balance, noting that while standing desks can help, what is most important is how a person is positioned at their desk.

There are simple ways to make that shift. Taking phone calls while standing or walking. Setting a timer as a reminder to move. Changing positions frequently instead of staying locked into one. Even brief activity — lunges, stretches, a short walk can make a noticeable difference over time. The bigger picture is not about perfection or expensive equipment. Standing desks, alternative chairs and ergonomic tools can help, but they are not the foundation. The foundation is consistency Small, repeated actions that break up long periods of stillness. Prolonged, uninterrupted sitting is associated with a range of poor health outcomes, according to the LSU AgCenter A chair becomes a problem only when it turns into a default that never changes. Shifting that default back toward movement does not require dramatic change. It starts with awareness. Has the body been still for too long? Is that stiffness or restlessness a signal to move?

Answering those questions throughout the day creates a different rhythm — one where movement is normal, not something saved for later Email Margaret DeLaney at margaret.delaney@ theadvocate.com.

Eat Fit LiveFit

Fasted cardio: when it makessense,and when it doesn’t

It’saquestionIhearoften:shouldI eatbeforeIexercise,orisitbetter towaituntilafter?Theanswerisn’t thesameforeveryone,andmyopinion onthishasn’tchangedmuchoverthe years.Whathaschangedisthelanguage. Today,exercisingbeforeweeatisoften called“fastedcardio.”Itsoundstechnical buttheideaissimple:exercisingonan emptystomach.

Theideagetsalotofattentiononline oftenframedasakindofdisciplinetest. Canyoudoit?Shouldyoudoit?Isit actually“better”forfatburning?That’s wherethingscanstarttogetconfusing, especiallyformostpeoplewhoarejust tryingtostayactive,feelbetterandkeep theirbodiesfunctioningwell.

TheTheoryBehind FastedCardio

Ourbodyusesdifferentfuelsources forenergy.Carbohydratesaretheeasiest andfastest,followedbyprotein,then fat–especiallyatlowerintensities.The theorybehindfastedcardioisthatifwe exercisewithouteatingfirst,ourbody willusefatpreferentiallyasafuelsource duringthatworkout.

Itsoundsappealingandsimple.But here’swhatoftengetsoverlookedon Instagram:thetypeofworkoutmatters, thelengthoftheworkoutmattersandthe persondoingitmatters.

WhenFastedCardioMay MakeSense

Ifyourworkoutisrelativelyshort (thinkunderanhour)andlower intensity,likeacasualwalk,runorjog, abikerideorothertypeofmoderate cardio,thendoingitbeforeyoueat mayfeeljustfine.Somepeopleactually preferit,especiallyifhavingfoodin theirstomachfeelsuncomfortable duringexercise.

There’salsoabiggerlifestyleangle here.Somelikeitbecauseitsavestime inthemorning–youcanjustwakeup, getmovingandeatafterward.Amorning workoutbeforebreakfastsimplyfits betterintotheirschedule,makingit morelikelythey’llstayconsistent.From awellnessstandpoint,thatconsistency mattersfarmorethanwhetheryoueatat 6a.m.or9a.m.

Ifyoutryexercisinginafastedstate andyoufeelstrongandsteady,that’sa goodsignyourbodytoleratesitwell.

WhenFastedCardioUsually Doesn’tMakeSense

Thisiswherethe“performanceversus virtue”ideacomesin.Doingsomething onanemptystomachcanfeellikeyou’re beingextradisciplined,butthatdoesn’t meanit’salwaysbetterforyou.

Ifyou’redoingstrengthtrainingwith thegoalofbuildingormaintaining muscle,goinginwithoutfuelisrisky.Your musclesneedproteinandcarbohydrates availabletotrainwellandrecover efficiently.Thatbecomesmoreimportant asweage,whenpreservingvaluable musclemassisoneofthebestthingswe candoforourstrength,balanceandlongtermindependence.

Thesamegoesforlongerworkouts orhigher-intensitysessions.Ifyou’re pushingyourselftoyourlimits,especially ifit’slongerthan60or90minutes,then havingsomefuelonboardwillalmost

In 2024, 15.6% of U.S. adults reported frequent mentaldistress —14ormore mentally unhealthy days during the past 30 days where the person experienced poor mental healthdue to stress,depressionor problems with emotions,according to data from the Centers forDisease Control andPrevention.

In Louisiana, the average percentageofadults experiencing frequent mental distress was 19.9% The state had the second-highest percentageofadults experiencing frequent mental distress in the country.Arkansas had thehighest with 20.1%

In 2019, 7% of all U.S. adults reporting experiencing moderate or severe symptoms of depression withinthe past twoweeks, with women more likely than men and adults ages 18 to 29 more likely than adults 30 years and older to experienceany levelofseverity of symptoms, CDC data says.

In Louisiana, only twoparishes had lessthan aquarter of its adults who reported depression at some time in their lives.Additionally,one in three Louisianans arelonely andlack emotional and social support Studies provethat thereisastrong link betweenatwo-week periodof poor mental health and clinically diagnosed mental disorders as

alwayshelpyouperformbetterandfeel better.Thiswillleadtoamorefruitfuland productiveworkout.

Therearealsoclearsafetyexceptions, andit’simportanttoalwayscheckwith yourmedicalproviderfirst.Ifyouhave diabetes,takemedicationsthataffect bloodsugarorarepronetodizzinessor lightheadedness,exercisingonanempty stomachcanincreasetheriskoffeeling weak,shakyorevenpassingout.Formany olderadults,thepriorityissteadyenergy andprotectingmuscle,notseeinghow longwecangowithouteating.

MollyKimball,RD,CSSD,isaregistereddietitian withOchsnerHealthandfounderofOchsnersEatFit nonprofitinitiative.Formorewellnesscontent,tuneinto Molly’spodcast,FUELEDWellness+Nutrition,andfollow @MollykimballRDand@EatFitOchsneronsocialmedia. Emailnutrition@ochsner.orgtoconnectwithMollyor scheduleaconsultwithherteam.

well as ahigher riskofa physical manifestation of symptoms.

Developing chronic disease like diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease are strongly linked to health behaviors likesmoking,alcohol use, unhealthydiets and lackofphysical activity —behaviors common among those with frequent mentaldistress.

Chronic stressorssuch as housing insecurity,food insecurityand insufficient sleep are alsorelated to frequent mental distress, according to the CDC.

These Louisiana parishes had the lowest percentageofadults who reported frequent mentaldistress, in ascending order:

n West Feliciana Parish with 17.9%; n Lafayette Parish with 18.7%; n East Baton RougeParishwith 18.9%; n Jefferson Parish with 19%; n St. Charles Parishwith 19.1%; n Ascension, Bossier and Orleans parisheswith 19.2%; n Plaquemines and St.Tammany parishes with 19.4%; n West Baton Rougeparish with 19.5%;

n Calcasieu Parish with 19.8%;

n St. John the Baptist Parish with 19.9%;

n East Feliciana Parish with 20%

These Louisiana parishes had the highest percentageofadults who

APracticalMiddleGround

Itdoesn’thavetobeallornothing.A pre-workoutfuelsourcecanbeassimple asacartonofplainGreekyogurt(low-fat, notfat-free),anegg,cheese,nutbutter oravocado–optionaltopairwithaslice ofwholegrainbread.Thisshouldbe enoughtogiveyourbodysomereadily availableenergywithoutsittingheavyin yourstomach.

Ontheotherhand,“fasted”doesn’t havetomeanextremedeprivation.Water, coffeeorteastillcountashydration,and stayingwell-hydratedmattersforevery workout,regardlessoftiming.

TheBiggerPicture

Foodisn’tarewardforusto“earn”after sloggingthroughatoughworkout.It’sa toolthatcanhelpourbodydothework we’reaskingittodo.

Ifexercisingbeforebreakfastfeelsgood andfitsyourroutine,that’sfine.Ifyoufeel betterwithalittlefuelfirst,that’salso fine.Therightchoiceistheonethathelps youshowup,movewellandkeepitgoing.

reported frequent mental distress, in descending order:

n Madison Parish with 23.8%;

n East Carroll Parish with 23.5%; n Bienville and Tensas parishes with 23.2%; n Avoyelles Parishwith 23.1%;

n Claiborne Parish with 23%;

n Webster Parish with 22.9%;

n Acadia, Concordia, Franklin and Red River parishes with 22.8%; n Caldwell Parish with 22.7%;

n Morehouse and Sabineparishes with 22.6%; n St.Landry Parish with 22.5%; n St.Helena Parish with 22.3%; n

and St.Mary parishes with 22.2%

Thegift of life, given whileliving

ErinD.&EmberT. | LivingDonor&LiverRecipient

ThisNationalDonateLifeMonth,Ochsnercelebratesthecourageand compassion of living donors like Erin—who chose to givesomeone elseafuture.Oneselflessdecisioncanchangealife,familyorcommunity forever,anditcanstartwithyou.

TolearnaboutOchsner’sLivingDonorPrograms, visitochsner.org/save9

‘I

LEARNED TO SEE’

BatonRouge artist uses faithtoliftpeople

BY JOYHOLDEN Staff writer

He once painted Drakeand Lil Wayne. Now he paints Mary and the saints. Jacob Zumo used to spend his nights at concerts and clubs. These days, devotion to God and his Catholic faith have come to dominate his life. His gallery no longer boasts bright portraits of rappers and athletes. Now,the walls are covered insacred imagery with ornateframes.

Zumo is currently booked for conferences, retreats, commissions for Catholic paintings and school speaking engagements. He hosts apodcast with Catholic and Christian leaders called Saints by Number,aplay on Louis Armstrong’s“Whenthe Saints Go Marching In” and paint-by-numbersets.

Zumo says hismission now is to make sacred art modern and relevant —especially for people who might never have connected withitbefore.

Raised Catholic in Baton Rouge, Zumo attended Catholic High School, St. Michael the Archangel High School (then Bishop Sullivan) and The Dunham School. He played basketball in high school and one yearin college at BelhavenUniversity in Jackson, Mississippi, but returned home after acareerending injury.He returned to painting, afamiliar outlet

While at Dunham, his high school artteacher,Carol Hackler,was thefirst person to steer him in an artistic direction. She believed in his painting and became asafe place for him to retreat to during school days. At the time, he was drifting, unsure where he fit “I know this woman saved my life,” Zumosaid. “Ms. Carol Hackler.That was the cornerstone of everything. Before Iknew it, Iwas skip-

ping class. Iwas going in my off hour to see her and paint. Iwas going before and after practice.She wasjust giving me unconditional loveofthe Father.”

She taughtZumo that artis problem solving, and he’sstill using that approach today Zumo is candid about the path that led himhere. After basketball ended, Zumo got caughtupinpartying and “super goofing off,” he says. He painted Kevin Gates, who was still alocal rapper,and foundhim after a concert at TheVarsity.

“I caught him, like going into his Porsche. He was closinghis Porschedoor, and Iyelled, ‘Kevin!’ He looked backand saw (the painting),” Zumo said. “It’slikethatmoment foreverchanged everything, too.” CaseyEvans, aParkview

Baptist alumnus andcurrent owner of Dearman’sDiner, organized the concert for Gates, andheencountered Zumo’s talent when he saw the painting. One week later, Zumo was hanging out with rapper and singerDrake in NewOrleans,and he was quickly in ahip-hop circle of celebrities. While Evans was setting up events with his company,Free Agents Management, Zumo came to him with an idea: Evans would book thetalent and put on the show,and Zumo would paint the performer live on the stage. The duo worked on and off together for about six years, traveling around thecountry and hanging out with celebrities and athletes.

“It was such acool experience to have thatgoing on,” Evans said. “It added flair to

allofour shows. Fromthere, alot of people took notice —artists, promoters, event planners. Therule of cool took over,and that really helped his brand. People love hip-hop and art together.”

Even as his art career was taking off, his personal life was beginning to unravel. His brother-in-law,Norman Faucheux, another sacred artist, wasgoing to the Sacred Art School in Florence, Italy,and invited Zumo to go with him

“I was in astruggle in my relationship andinmycareer.Ikindofhad acalling from God. It looked like Italy was ahugething forme, but it was really amajor depression, ashedding of addiction and codependency.I wasable to make it to the other side,” Zumo said.

In 1993, when Iwas living in the Carpathian mountains of Slovakia, Iplanned atrip to Prague and beyond forthe weekbefore Easter

Looking back, Iknew something wascoming before Ileft.

In the days before Easter,the teenage boys of the village where Iwas teaching had been bent over their work—braiding willow branches, weaving in ribbons, producing something that was, by any standards, intricate and pretty.I had no idea what it was for, leftfor the week without finding out —and didn’tthink much moreabout it.

Igot back late Easter Sunday night. The village wasquiet. I went to bed.

Iheard Easter Monday before Isaw it. Even before Igot out of bed, Icould hear the merriment outside.

Teenage boys wereout in their friend groups, large bowls and tankards in hand, beautifully braided branches at the ready Iwatched them movethrough the village, going house to house, looking forthe girls from their classes. As they found them,they doused them in cold water and then gently —with someceremony —spanked them with the willow branches.

In return, the generally soaking wetgirls gave them painted eggs. The painted eggs were apretty big clue.

Istood watching with my mouth open, somewhere between National Geographic and complete incomprehension.

And yet the parents stood to the side, smiling and reminiscing. When agroup of boys found a particular girl (one Ihad watched exchanging glances with one of them across aclassroom all semester), the other boys stepped back and gave that boy the lead. It wasserious flirting and clearly ancient all at once. It wasalso, in its own way,tender

Now,with access to the internet, Icould easily find the full history and meaning. Back then, Iwas lefttomyown thoughts. There wasnoone to ask. Ifiled it away as one of the stranger things Ihad ever witnessed.

Last week, Icalled Adriana Zimova. She was8years old during my year in Slovakia, one of my most serious students. Itutored her after school —she and her family were neighbors in the sameblock of flats. She would come over and perch on the edge of my bed, and we would have English lessons. She taught me as much as I taught her

She now practices law on Bainbridge Island outside Seattle and remains constitutionally serious —aquality Irecognized in her at age 8that has not diminished. Itold her what Iremembered about Easter Monday.She confirmed that Ihadn’timagined any of it.

“I believe it is an old Slavic pagan tradition,” she said, “to use water in the spring as asymbol of rejuvenation.”

The boys would bring two things to each home: the willow branch forthe switching and the water fordousing. All of it, she said, wasabout health and fertility,cleansing, rejuvenation

“that kind of symbolism.”

Once the Christians moved in and set up shop in Slovakia, the old traditions simply stayed put,

Delta Interfaith program brings fiber internet to state

BY LAUREN CHERAMIE Staff writer

Wanda Manning is a former schoolteacher of 33 years in East Carroll Parish. Now retired for five years, Manning is a Digital Navigator at the churchbased coalition Delta Interfaith. In February 2021, the organization partnered with the satellite internet firm Starlink to provide emergency connectivity for low-income families with school-aged children. This partnership secured 120 satellite dishes for residents in East Carroll.

This partnership was the first step in what is now a plan to bring reliable, affordable fiber internet to the area. Through a grant from the Louisiana Public Health Institute, Delta Interfaith created the Digital Navigator program to help residents with digital services, troubleshoot technical challenges, conduct speed tests and collect signatures from those who await broadband. This interview was edited for length and clarity How did the Digital Navigators program gain traction?

RISHER

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running beneath the liturgy, the blessed baskets and the lamb-shaped pastry

“Extremely gendered, obviously,” Zimova said. “And the spanking itself I don’t even know how you ever justify that, so I don’t think you do.” She didn’t have fond memories of the water either

“I absolutely hated it,” she said. “I really don’t like cold water.” The switching had faded

ARTIST

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New canvas, new calling Italy wasn’t what he expected. While in Florence, Zumo experienced humility around other artists as well as isolation, but he had another art teacher that gave him love and confidence. Because of the Italian language barrier, he says he wasn’t learning much at the school, but he was learning about vulnerability “I was being uncomfortable for 10 hours a day, but I learned to see,” Zumo said. “I learned to see myself, and I learned to see the canvas, and I learned to problem solve.” His final piece in Italy was a massive 6-by-9-foot oil painting of Salome and Herodias after the execution of John the Baptist, but it’s set in a recognizable room of

If I get stuck, I always go to her

Once she purchased The East Carroll Banner newspaper here in Lake Providence, she turned the reins over to me. Then Madlyn Matthews was added. Even Laura’s husband Scott assisted on a lot of the installations.

What are some of the problems that people come to you with?

Some of them are as simple as hooking up a printer

We’ve had phone issues, technological issues and difficulties that need clearing up.

How do you help someone who has never used a computer or smartphone before?

Sometimes it’s very frustrating to the person who’s actually in need of help

Patience is the key thing — understanding that the person has no idea of advanced technology

I have to give hats off to Laura Arvin. I call her the mother of Digital Navigators, because she’s the one who spearheaded it. It was all her insight. I cannot take credit for something I did not start.

In my head, I picture there will be no more analog television to watch via antenna and cable wires. Everybody wants to go digital.

With that being said, you have a lot of these elderly people that do not know anything about the digital world, so my goal is to be available as much as possible, accessible as much as possible and to make it as elementary as much as possible.

What are some of the challenges you encounter?

The Digital Navigators program simply assists people with digital problems as a way to bridge the digital divide in the community

We have gone into homes. It’s kind of hard to talk to a person on how to connect a printer using a Verizon router That was so challenging. That almost broke me.

What has been the most rewarding moment for you?

Just knowing that we have access and people here — boots on the ground. We make ourselves available to the people in need. There was a child that had so many issues with them staying in a virtual

Smartphones are very advanced, and for someone who never had an idea of this type of technology it can be frustrating and tedious. Sometimes, on a lot of levels, mind boggling. I do not answer the phones. Laura and a lot of other people remind me to set boundaries, but I know what it is to need to know something and not have the help or the assistance to learn about it.

somewhat by the time she was growing up. The water persisted though neither of us is certain how prevalent it is now, 33 years on. Even so, she says that her father still tries. This made me laugh. I remember him well. For that gentle man to be involved in any of the Easter Monday traditions is a testament to how deeply a part of the culture it is. The old spring rite hadn’t been stamped out by communism or Christianity or modernity or a young girl’s completely reasonable objection to cold water It just

the Pitti Palace, a museum in Florence

“This interpretation is one way that I want to modernize sacred art — not dumbing the style down and simplifying it, but changing the story in a manner that can pull anyone in,” Zumo said “The drama of the painting is an opportunity to bridge that gap in a noninvasive way Zumo left Italy after one year to take care of family He lived with his grandmother in Baton Rouge for some time while dealing with back pain. Through this time he kept painting, but he shifted to mostly sacred art. He started numbing the back pain with alcohol and Baton Rouge parties. He was praying for a change, a sign.

That’s when he got a call from Haley, a friend he had briefly dated She was pregnant. Zumo says he felt shame being a sacred painter who was responsible for a pregnancy outside of marriage. The two married,

kept going — scaled down,

perhaps, but persisting. That’s how it is with many old things. They don’t disappear They change just enough to keep going. Zimova described the Easter Sunday traditions that I missed, like the Greek Catholic Church — a branch of Catholicism between Roman and Orthodox — where the liturgy is spoken in a language from the 10th century, the churches look Byzantine, and the priests have wives and children. In 2012, I attended the village church for Zimova’s wedding near the village where

Q&A WITH WANDA MANNING

classroom. We were learning as we go at the time COVID came, because we had to get computers, laptops, Chromebooks, etc.

we lived in Slovakia. She said on Easter, the churches are packed with people who never otherwise attended, which sounds familiar on this side of the pond as well. But in Slovakia, on Easter, families carry baskets covered in handcrocheted cloths, filled with ham, beets, hard-boiled eggs and a special bread called paska, a lamb-shaped sweet. After mass, the priest blesses the baskets one by one outside. Zimova said even though she hadn’t been home for Easter in more than 20 years, she still remembers one particular

and now they are parents to three children: Lola, 5, Josephine, 1, and Pio, 6 months.

The Zumos share their story of choosing life and marriage at various Christian events.

A few years later, Zumo met Daniel Hutchinson, who works in hospitality and hotel management in downtown Baton Rouge. Hutchinson was looking for gifts for priests in his parish, and he remembered Zumo’s style.

“We keep in touch and are looking for ways we can work together and help people,” Hutchinson said. “A lot of what Jacob and I talk

about is how we connect the dots with different folks in the community that may not interact on an everyday basis.”

Hutchinson’s work in hospitality is all about seeing people from different communities. He sees Zumo’s art as a bridge to link people together The two have an upcoming project that will benefit St. Vincent de Paul in Baton Rouge.

Still transforming

When Zumo opened his gallery on Interline Avenue in Baton Rouge in 2021, he

song sung only that one day of the year She told me she would love to go back for Easter — for the liturgy, the baskets, that particular song. But Easter Monday she could take or leave. Traditions are curious things. They absorb whatever the century throws at them — new religions, new governments, new generations of young women with reasonable objections to cold water and keep going anyway In some kitchen, some father still thinks it’s worth a try

installed the Salome and Herodias oil painting.

Since then, Zumo has been traveling the country to share his mission.

On March 25, he spoke to St. Thomas More in Lafayette. He unveiled a painting of The Annunciation of Mary, spoke to the students, hosted a podcast and helped lead a “Visio Divina,” or divine seeing — the practice of praying with a sacred image or work of art. Zumo and his wife traveled to Washington, D.C., for the March for Life event with Baton Rouge’s St. Michael’s students and the Roman Catholic Diocese of Baton Rouge.

One of the gallery walls at Zumo’s space features over 100 Mary paintings, varying in size and color Each painting represents Zumo’s daily spiritual practice.

“It’s a reflection of the rosary I do my morning rosary by listening to it and praying. I’ll do as many backgrounds as I can, and then the next

I told this child and the parents, “If it’s the last thing I do, I’m gonna make sure you get good internet out here.”

By the grace of God, I held to that promise. They were one of the families that received that Starlink dish at first. Phase 1 of our plan was to get the community hooked up with the Starlink dish. Phase 2 was to get something more permanent. Now that family doesn’t have to worry about the crazy science teacher fussing at them about playing in

Once everything was situated, the teachers had to be in the classroom while we worked from the school building and the kids stayed at home. This particular student was just in and out. I got so infuriated. I thought the kid was playing. It wasn’t. That child’s parent was paying $150 for a dial-up via AT&T I didn’t know dial-up was still a thing. What could you possibly do with dial-up services when technology says you have to sustain so many gigabytes to stay in the class or even upload pictures.

I told my former young student that I still remember her as that 8-year-old child on the edge of my bed, translating my attempts at silliness before announcing, with complete composure: “This is nonsense.” She laughed as we both considered that some things change and some things stay the same. “I stay true to my serious form,” she said, “even today.” And the water keeps getting thrown anyway

Email Jan Risher at jan. risher@theadvocate.com.

day I’ll do as many Mary line drawings as I can,” Zumo said. “We find the frames at antique stores and thrift stores. I pray through painting all of them.” These days, the audience is different.

Email Joy Holden at joy holden@theadvocate.com.

These are stories of global progress, compiled by the media group Fix the News and shared in partnership with The Advocate/The Times-Picayune.

Newelectrode captures CO2

Scientists with the American ChemicalSociety have developedanew electrode that can capture airborne carbondioxide from industrial exhaust andconvertitinto formic acid, as reported by ACSin January

Traditionally,carbon capture and conversion are separate processes, and most technologies require highly concentrated carbon dioxide to work effectively

This new electrode integrates both capture and conversion into a single system. It consistsofthree layers: acarbon-capturingmaterial,gas-permeable carbon paper and catalytic tin oxide.

This setupconverts carbon dioxide directly into formic acid, a startingmaterial that’sused for a variety of chemical applications, including fuel cells.

In testing, the new electrode wasabout 40%more efficient than existing technologies. This innovation could help make carboncapture more practical and scalablefor real-worldindustrial use.

Chileeliminates leprosy

Chile has become the first country in the Americas —and the second globally after Jordan —to be officially verified by the WorldHealth Organization as having eliminated leprosy disease, reported by the WHO in March.

This milestone reflectsdecades of sustained public health efforts, including strong surveillance, early diagnosis, effective treatment and continuous monitoring Chile has reported no locally acquired cases of leprosyfor over 30 years, with the last case recorded in 1993.

The achievementwas verified after arigorous evaluation by WHO and the Pan American Health Organization, assessing epidemiologicaldata and national supply systems. Access to free multidrug therapy —supported by international

The coal-fired PlantScherer,one of the nation’s top carbon dioxide emitters, stands in the distance in Juliette, Georgia,in2017. Scientists withthe American Chemical Society have developed anew electrodethat can capture airbornecarbondioxide from industrial exhaust and convert it into formic acid,asreported by ACSin January.

Cattle graze on covercrops on a field at the Rodale Institute in Marion, Iowa, on Oct. 3. Researchers at Stanford University are interested in using synthetic biology on

against pests.

partners —played akey role in curing patients and preventing transmission.

Chile’ssuccesshighlightsthat, with commitment and equitable health care, even long-standing

diseases can be eliminated, though continued surveillance remains essential.

Reducing pesticidereliance

Scientists at Stanford University are using synthetic biologytohelp plants defend themselves against pests,potentially reducing the need for chemical pesticides —asreported by the university in February in the Stanford Report.

Led by Stanford bioengineer JenniferBrophy,the research focuses on enhancing plants’ natural chemical defenses rather than relying on external sprays.

The new approach allows plants to adapt to climate change by “tuning natural characteristics” like changing rootbranching to help plantswithstandprolonged drought.

This innovation could significantly cutpesticideuse,which currently costs billions and contributes to air and water pollution. Researchers are especially interested in applying the method to cover crops. Waterpollution in Bangladesh

The WorldBank Group approveda $370 million program in February to tackle severewater pollution in Dhaka, Bangladesh,where rapid urbanization and industrialgrowth have overwhelmed sanitation systems. Currently,morethan80% of wastewater andsewageisdischarged into the city’swaterways, while only about 20% of residents are connected to sewer systems.

The Metro DhakaWater Security andResilienceProgram aims to improve sanitation and solid waste management services, reduce waterpollution and restore rivers and canals

Akey component is to reduce industrial pollution by encouraging private sector participation to reduce pollution and optimize water efficiency

The program also plans to establish real-timepollution monitoring and develop plans to restore four major Dahka Rivers.

Fix theNewsisthe world’s leading solutions journalism newsletter.The organization finds hiddenstories of progress and shares them withreaders from 195 countries. Steven Pinker calls Fix the News “the bestsource forpositivenewson theinternet.”

With thousands of Shellmen andwomen across thestate,we areworking everyday to reduce emissions, while increasing efficiencyinour operations

Our tomorrowdependsonwhatwedotoday.Together, we arepoweringprogressfor abrighterfuture. Louisiana is where we live and we’reproud to call it home.

FAITH & VALUES

Leo endorses Francis’ 2016 ‘The Joy of Love’ text

New pope echoes policy on Communion after civil remarriage

BY NICOLE WINFIELD Associated Press

ROME Pope Leo XIV on March 19 summoned Catholic bishops to Rome for a special meeting on ministering to families that takes as its starting point Leo’s strong endorsement of one of Pope Francis’ most controversial policies on marriage and divorce.

Leo penned a special message marking the 10th anniversary of Francis’ 2016 document “The Joy of Love.” He called the text a “luminous message of hope” that is even more relevant and urgent today than it was a decade ago. When it was released, “The Joy of Love” immediately sparked controversy because it opened the door

to letting civilly remarried Catholics receive Communion.

Church teaching holds that unless these Catholics obtain an annulment — a church decree that their first marriage was invalid they cannot receive the sacraments, since they are seen as living in sin and committing adultery Francis didn’t create a churchwide pass for these Catholics, but suggested — in vague terms and a strategically placed footnote — that bishops and priests could do so on a case-by-case basis after accompanying them on a spiritual journey of discernment Subsequent comments and writings made clear Francis intended such wiggle room, part of his belief that God’s mercy extends in particular to sinners and that the Eucharist isn’t a prize for the perfect but nourishment for the weak.

cis’ pontificate and in many ways became the focal point of conservative opposition to his pontificate. It prompted a wave of criticism from mostly conservative Catholics, who said it had sown confusion among the faithful about the church’s teaching on the indissolubility of marriage.

But in his message marking the anniversary, Leo strongly endorsed Francis’ text. He cited the Chapter VIII, which contained Francis’ opening on the divorce question, though he didn’t explicitly refer to access to the sacraments or Francis’ footnote No. 351.

351, Francis elaborated that “in certain cases, this can include the help of the sacraments.” He told priests that “the confessional must not be a torture chamber, but rather an encounter with the Lord’s mercy” and that the Eucharist “is not a prize for the perfect, but a powerful medicine and nourishment for the weak.”

“On this tenth anniversary, we give thanks to the Lord for the stimulus that has encouraged reflection and pastoral conversion in the Church, and ask God for the courage to persevere on this path,” Leo wrote.

Within the first year of publication, four conservative cardinals formally asked Francis to clarify certain questions, or “dubia,” raised by the text. They argued church doctrine held that Catholics who remarried without a church annulment were living in sin and couldn’t receive the sacraments.

He never replied. For a variety of reasons, such annulments often cannot be obtained though Francis issued a separate reform to simplify, facilitate and accelerate the process.

for the failed first marriage, while stressing it was not a free-for-all “as if any situation were to sufficiently justify it.”

Francis ordered the Argentine criteria published as an official act of the Vatican and wrote a letter to the bishops declaring their interpretation authoritative. “The document is excellent and clearly sets out the meaning of Chapter VIII,” he wrote. “There are no other interpretations.”

The document became one of the most divisive of Fran-

In the text, Francis had told priests that they cannot merely apply moral laws to people in “irregular” situations. Rather, he said the church should help people who are in a technical state of sin, especially when there are mitigating factors at play In the related footnote No.

He summoned the presidents of bishops conferences to Rome for a meeting in October to decide next steps to minister to families today “in light of ‘The Joy of Love’ and taking into account what is currently being done in the local churches.”

Francis’ document sharply divided the church.

The following year, a petition of conservative Catholic theologians accused Francis of heresy But others embraced the text. Bishops from Francis’ native Buenos Aires issued a set of criteria to apply Chapter VIII that clearly allowed for civilly remarried Catholics to receive Communion, especially if the person in question isn’t responsible

The Maltese church, for its part, issued its own set of guidelines that were published in the Vatican newspaper L’Osservatore Romano, in another indication of Holy See approval.

The Maltese guidelines say that if a Catholic in a new civil union believes, after a path of spiritual discernment searching for God’s will, that he or she can be at peace with God, “he or she cannot be precluded from participating in the sacraments of Reconciliation and the Eucharist.”

Some colleges trimming bachelor’s degrees to three years

BY JON MARCUS

Contributing writer

Editor’s note: This story, created by Jon Marcus for the Hechinger Report is part of the Solutions Story Tracker from the Solutions Journalism Network, a nonprofit organization dedicated to rigorous reporting about responses to social problems. Louisiana Inspired features solutions journalism stories that provide tangible evidence that positive change is happening in other places and in our own communities — solutions that can be adopted around the world.

Quinn McDonald planned to spend the typical four years working toward a bachelor’s degree in criminal justice. Then he heard about a place where he could get the same degree in three

“It was the idea of being able to save a year” that grabbed his attention, said McDonald — a savings of not only time, but tuition And he could start earning a salary faster than if he spent four years in college. So, last fall, McDonald joined the inaugural class of one of the nation’s first inperson programs approved to award bachelor’s degrees with fewer than the usual 120 credits, at Johnson & Wales University. He’ll need only 90 credits, putting him on track to graduate in 2028, after three years instead of the usual four or more.

That’s an option being made available by colleges and universities with astonishing speed — especially in the notoriously slow-moving world of higher education: an entirely new kind of bachelor’s degree muscling into the space between the traditional four-year version and the two-year associate degree. Three-year degrees have existed, but they simply jammed those 120 credits into fewer semesters At least one school, Ensign College in Utah, will convert all of its bachelor’s degrees into the new, reduced-credit, three-year kind, it announced in February Nearly 60 other universities and colleges are planning, considering or have already launched them in some disciplines. States including Indiana have required or are considering requiring their public universities to add reduced-credit bachelor’s degrees. Even graduate and professional schools are being pressed to shorten the duration of degrees. Much of this activity has occurred in just the last few months. Yet precisely because it’s come so quickly, and at a time when political controversies have dominated the wider conversation about higher education, the dramatic implications of this reimagining of bachelor’s degrees have gotten surpris-

year bachelor’s

ingly little attention. Behind the scenes, however, “There are small groups of institutions saying that the old game doesn’t work and has to change,” said Bob Zemsky an emeritus professor at the University of Pennsylvania Graduate School of Education who has long campaigned for three-year degrees and co-founded a group of universities experimenting with them called College-in-3

Now the accrediting agencies that oversee universities and colleges are approving bachelor’s degrees that require fewer credits. It’s an idea almost all of them previously rejected, but accreditors today are under political scrutiny themselves, and being prodded to encourage innovation.

Several states whose permission is also needed for these shorter-term degrees, from North Dakota to Massachusetts, are quickly providing it, too, often under pressure from businesses that need workers

Even more than employers, consumers have lost patience with the time and expense it takes to get a fouryear bachelor’s degree, according to the advocates and politicians pushing schools to offer them More than half of students who start down the conventional four-year path today take even longer than four years, according to the Department of Education.

Many colleges, meanwhile, are struggling to fill seats and hope three-year degrees will appeal to students who wouldn’t otherwise come.

These include Johnson & Wales, which lost a third of its enrollment in the 10 years leading up to 2024, the most recent available federal data show, and has been forced to close several satellite campuses. Last year, it laid off 91 faculty and staff.

The idea of getting a degree more quickly appeals to a broader group of prospective students, said Mim

Runey, chancellor at the university where 94 students signed up for three-year degrees when they were offered in the fall, according to a spokesman “There is a market that will think about a three-year degree that maybe wouldn’t think about a four-year degree.”

Samuel Antonio, who is in the accelerated criminal justice major at Johnson & Wales, thinks three years “is an adequate amount of time to be in college.” His friends in conventional four-year programs are almost a year in, and “they’re still taking gen ed and other courses they don’t even care about,” Antonio said, using the abbreviation for general education.

Interest among collegebound high school students in three-year degrees has been climbing since 2019, though it remains relatively small, according to a survey by the higher education consulting firm Eduventures. It might be higher if there were greater awareness that the newest form of these degrees require fewer credits, analysts there said.

“It’s still a little early,” said Richard Garrett, chief research officer at Eduventures. “We’re not sure what the demand is or what subjects are right. But it’s a change that’s coming.”

The work of trimming down four-year bachelor’s degrees to fit within three years has prompted nothing less than a rethinking of the purpose of a college education. Universities and colleges are asking themselves “What are we doing, why are we doing it and what do students really need?” said Johnson & Wales provost Richard Wiscott. Most of those debuting three-year bachelor’s degrees have stripped out elective courses from what students have traditionally been required to take. McDonald doesn’t feel like he’s missing out on anything.

He still has to take humanities courses, math psychology and political science. He plays on the lacrosse team, lives in a dorm and is so woven into campus life that he knows what day and time to nab the free leftovers from the pastry classes that are part of Johnson & Wales’s top-ranked culinary program.

But he didn’t want to spend more time in college than he had to.

In his speeded-up program, “You can focus on what you’re interested in and want to learn about instead of taking classes you don’t care about,” he said.

The three-year bachelor’s degrees at colleges and universities that have so far offered or announced them are almost all in disciplines that lead straight to jobs. In addition to criminal justice, Johnson & Wales introduced three-year degrees last semester in computer science, hospitality management and design.

“There are certain career paths where, at least for the foreseeable future, a fouryear degree is still going to be a requirement,” said Nate Bowditch, provost at Plymouth State University in New Hampshire which added 96-credit, three-year degrees in the fall in robotics, outdoor adventure leadership and other fields. “If you want to go to medical school or be a rocket scientist at NASA, you’re going to need a fouryear degree.”

At the insistence of accreditors, the new degrees are differentiated from their four-year counterparts by being called “applied” or (as at Johnson & Wales) “careerfocused” bachelor’s degrees. That leads to a critical unanswered question: whether employers, graduate schools and licensing agencies will consider three-year degrees to be as good as the four-year kind.

Because no students have completed these new

reduced-credit programs, that’s hard to know But most employers in a survey by Johnson & Wales said they liked the idea, and that they’d consider three-year degrees just as good as conventional four-year ones.

On the other hand, graduate school admissions officers in a small, separate survey released in January by College-in-3 said almost unanimously that they wouldn’t take domestic applicants with bachelor’s degrees of fewer than 120 credits, though most said they were reconsidering this as more reduced-credit undergraduate degrees are being introduced.

Letting students graduate with bachelor’s degrees in three instead of four years, of course, means less revenue for colleges and universities. But in addition to pulling in more customers boosters said, those programs will appeal to results-oriented students who are less likely to drop out. Already, the reduced-credit, three-year bachelor’s degree candidates at Johnson & Wales have had lower dropout rates between their first and second semesters than their classmates on the conventional track, the university said. And threeyear-degree recipients might be persuaded to stick around for graduate school on the same campuses, which are more likely to accept the shorter-term degrees conferred by their undergraduate faculty counterparts.

“We’re hoping it’s attracting a really engaged, focused student, and hopefully they stay for that master’s degree as well,” said Stephen Smith, interim associate vice president of academic and strategic operations at the University of Lynchburg in Virginia, which got approval in December to offer 96-credit bachelor’s degrees in public health and educational studies — both fields in which the university also offers graduate programs.

Still, some faculty and even students have raised objections.

Accelerated bachelor’s degrees will create a two-tiered system in which the most affluent students will have the luxury of spending four years in college, the president of the Association of Pennsylvania State College and University Faculties has contended.

Shorter-term programs with fewer electives won’t do as good a job of teaching such important skills as critical thinking, ethical reasoning or “how to form and answer questions using a variety of intellectual approaches that different disciplines require,” the North Dakota Student Association argued in a resolution against shorter-term degrees. North Dakota’s State Board

of Higher Education voted anyway, in February, to let public universities in that state test “bachelor of applied science” degrees of less than 120 credits.

“We’re trying to be responsive to the needs of employers and, frankly, the desire of students who do want to work their way through school as quickly as possible,” said Kevin Black, who chairs the board, which voted to reassess the move in four years. Just a few days later, the Massachusetts Board of Higher Education invited proposals for reduced-credit degrees.

A bill under consideration in the Iowa legislature would direct that state’s public universities to develop reducedcredit, three-year bachelor’s degrees. An Indiana law passed in 2024 already requires the same thing. In Utah, addition to Ensign, Weber State and Utah Valley universities are adding three-year bachelor’s degrees after Utah approved reduced-credit “bachelor of applied studies” degrees. Mount Mary University in Wisconsin is adding 95-credit, three-year bachelor’s degrees in cybersecurity and digital marketing; Manchester University in Indiana, 90-credit, three-year bachelor’s degrees in accounting, pre-athletic training and pre-physical therapy Upper Iowa University said in January that it would launch a 90-credit, three-year online bachelor’s degree in business administration. And Loma Linda University in California has added a three-year degree in global health. Now there’s talk of shortening graduate and professional programs such as medical school — which some educators argue should be three years instead of four to speed up the production of new doctors and others and reduce the price, especially with limits on federal graduate student loans set to take effect. More than half of current and aspiring medical students said in a survey they’d prefer a three-year over a four-year medical degree, mostly to save money As she neared the end of high school, Jazmin Cuello was impatient to get on with life. But when she looked around for bachelor’s degree programs in the subjects she wanted to study, they required four more years of classes.

“A lot of people, if they do want to go to college, just want to get it over with,” Cuello said. She, too, signed up for the three-year criminal justice program at Johnson & Wales. Now, said Cuello, sitting in the university’s criminal justice lab and smiling, “I’m almost a third of the way done. And I’m saving a ton of money.”

SUNDAY, April 5, 2026

directions: Make a 2- to 7-letter word from the letters in each row Add points of each word, using scoring directions at right. Finally, 7-letter words get 50-point bonus. “Blanks” used as any letter have no point value All the words are in the Official SCRABBLE® Players Dictionary, 5th Edition.

word game

instructions: 1. Words must be of four or more letters. 2. Words that acquire four letters by the addition of “s,” such as “bats” or “dies,” are not allowed. 3. Additional words made by adding a “d” or an “s” may not be used. 4. Proper nouns, slang words, or vulgar or sexually explicit words are not allowed.

todAY's Word — BrocHures: broSHURS: Pamphlets.

Average mark 44 words Time limit 60 minutes

Can you find 70 or more words in BROCHURES?

ken ken

instructions: 1 -Each rowand each column must contain thenumbers 1through4 (easy) or 1through6 (challenging) without repeating 2 -The numbers within the heavily outlinedboxes, called cages, must combine using thegiven operation (inany order)toproduce the target numbersinthe top-left corners. 3 -Freebies: Fillinthe single-boxcages withthe numberinthe top-left corner

instructions: Sudoku is anumber-placing puzzle based on a 9x9 gridwith several given numbers. The object is to placethe numbers 1to 9in theempty squares so that each row,each column and each 3x3 boxcontains the same number only once. The difficultylevel of the Conceptis Sudoku increases from Monday to Sunday

directions: Complete thegridso that numbers 1–132 connect horizontally, vertically or diagonally

wuzzLes

Bridge magic

Today’s deal was played in a match between a team from Poland and a team from Norway South was Norway’s Tor Ove Reistad, who played it with great imagination. He played low from dummy on the 10 of clubs lead and calmly played his jack under East’s ace. Reistad ruffed the diamond shift and led his five of clubs. West played low and Reistadplayedtheeightfromdummy! A heart to the king was followed by the queen of clubs to dummy’s king. Another heart saw East rise with his ace and lead another diamond, ruffed by Reistad. The queen of hearts was ruffed low by West and over-ruffed with dummy’s six. A diamond ruff was followed by another heart ruff as West discarded the ace of diamonds. This was the position:

♠

my’s 10 of spades. He conceded the last trick to West but made his contract. Well done! West should have played his nine of clubs at trick three, but Reistad had nothing to lose. He could then lead a heart from dummy and hope for a friendlier lie of the major suits.

Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Nichols Lewis

super Quiz

Take this Super Quiz to a Ph.D. Score 1 point for each correct answer on the Freshman Level, 2 points on the graduate Level and 3 points on the Ph.D. Level.

What does a Geiger

By what name are the ends of a permanent bar magnet known?

What do the letters stand for in AC/DC?

What people are dealt with in the branch of medicine called geriatrics?

Name any one of the

Reistad ruffed a diamond from dummywiththeaceofspadesand ruffed his last heart with dum-

ARIES

An emotional shift will take place relating to an unexpected occurrence or intervention Be receptive to change and mark out a path that will enrich your life

GEMINI (May 21-June 20) Be careful who you help. Don’t jeopardize your physical well-being; recognize what’s doable and protect your

Tannah Hirsch welcomes readers’ responses sent in care of this newspaper or to Tribune Content Agency inc., 2225 Kenmore Ave., Suite 114, Buffalo, Ny 14207. E-mail responses may be sent to gorenbridge@ aol.com. © 2026 Tribune Content Agency

interests. Avoid risk; research gives you an advantage. CANCER (June 21-July 22) Refuse to ignore the truth or to let ego interfere. Holding talks, being honest and admitting you are wrong will help you come out on top Choose to venture forward with love and a positive attitude. LEO (July 23-Aug. 22) Jump into action, do your part, learn through experience and share what you discover. Make choices that enhance your life and walk away from people that hold you back.

VIRGO (Aug. 23-Sept. 22) A discussion with someone interesting will

help you set a time frame and budget. Be bold, honest and willing to walk away from extravagant situations.

LIBRA (Sept. 23-Oct 23) Tune into what’s coming down the pipeline that can affect how you work or earn your money Expand your knowledge, insight and ability to initiate change quickly if necessary

SCORPIO (Oct. 24-Nov. 22) Stretch your legs and engage in events or activities that are socially inviting and offer great conversations. A change to how or where you see yourself heading next will strike

an emotional chord that enriches your life.

SAGITTARIUS (Nov. 23-Dec. 21) The more you make your space work for you, the happier you’ll be. It’s a great time to start discussions, share feelings and plans, and invite others to join in and help.

CAPRICORN (Dec. 22-Jan. 19) Keep tabs on what others do and say, and monitor how you respond. A positive outcome will unfold if you do what’s best for you and allow those in your sphere to do likewise.

AQUARIUS (Jan 20-Feb. 19) Letting your emotions lead the way will change everything, but before you

let that happen, evaluate the consequences. Do the math and consider the possible repercussions before you make a move. PISCES (Feb. 20-March 20) Do something rejuvenating that offers a sense of belonging or accomplishment. Listen and learn from heartto-heart talks with those you love. Choose peace and love over discord and chaos.

The horoscope, an entertainment feature, is not based on scientific fact. © 2026 by NEA, inc., dist. By Andrews McMeel Syndication

Answers to puzzles

1. Solid, liquid andgas. 2. Radiation.3.Poles or magnetic poles. 4. Alternatingcurrent/direct current. 5. Theelderly.6.Igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic.7.Anatom. 8. Kineticenergy 9. Biology.10. Condensation. 11.Dry ice 12.Alloy.13. Sublimation.14. Ameasure of the disorder present ina system. 15. Tailbone.

SCORING: 24 to 30 points —congratulations, doctor; 18 to 23 points—honorsgraduate; 13 to 17 points —you’replenty smart, but no grind; 5to12points —you really shouldhit the booksharder;1point to 4points —enroll in remedial courses immediately; 0points who reads thequestions to you?

Saturday's Cryptoquote: One of the most beautiful things in the world I've ever seen or heard is people laughing. —D.L. Hughley

Crossword Answers