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ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE

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Proposed new State Health Risk Assessment rules & asphalt plants

INSIDE: Q&A with Howard Marks, NAPA VP of Environment Health & Safety CalAPA’s annual asphalt industry leadership forum in Lake Tahoe Association executive on credibility

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Publisher’s Letter On relationships and credibility In this business, relationships are everything. And so is credibility. I’ll get to that shortly. But first I want to note that I recently achieved a personal milestone that I did not seek but that I am nevertheless proud to acknowledge. With the recent retirement of United Contractors CEO Mark Breslin, who was replaced by the very talented and charismatic Emily Cohen, I am now the longest-tenured executive among the many construction trade associations in California. This does not come with a plaque or other official tribute, but many of my colleagues have recognized my unofficial role as industry historian (or curmudgeon, depending on your point of view) and my desire to put current events in some sort of historical context as we develop strategies to advance our industries. So how did this come about? First, I attribute my longevity in this job, coming up on 19 years, as a testament to members of the CalAPA Board of Directors, past and present, who have always had an unwavering dedication to serving our members and our industry, insulating them from harm, and working ethically and responsibility to ensure the project owner receives a quality product. That clear-eyed mission, which manifests itself in our member-developed strategic plan and initiatives, has been the guiding light for me over those past two decades. There have been plenty of ups and downs over the years, to be sure, but CalAPA’s bedrock principles and Code of Ethics, along with our pro-asphalt, pro-education, pro-service and pro-collaboration mission, has never wavered, and that has steadily elevated our prominence and, yes, our credibility, in the construction space. As CalAPA approaches its 75th anniversary, that’s a nice place to be. In this issue of California Asphalt magazine, we are pleased to spotlight an important relationship that has developed over many years. Howard Marks, vice president for Environment, Health & Safety of the National Asphalt Pavement Association, is the focus of our “Q&A” feature. Howard has coordinated closely with us on numerous environment- and safety-related issues over the years. Notably, he provided pivotal testimony before a California panel of scientists studying cancer risks of numerous substances, including asphalt. Thanks in part to Howard’s effective and credible testimony, the panel found further study of asphalt a “low priority.” It was our relationships, and our credibility, that contributed to this favorable outcome for our industry. Every day in our lobbying in Sacramento, in our negotiations with public agencies and regulators, and even interactions with the many partners and stakeholders, our relationships are an essential component to doing what we do. We value each one, and recognize that all are critical to achieving our mission to advance our industry.

Sincerely,

Russell W. Snyder, CAE Executive Director, CalAPA 4

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

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Contents Volume 30, Issue 4

Publisher’s Letter

Health Risk Assessment: Here we go again? What the proposed Acrolein cancer risk factor could mean for California’s asphalt industry

Page 8

Q&A with Howard Marks PhD, JD, MPH Vice President, Environment Health & Safety National Asphalt Pavement Association

Industry News

Page 26

CalAPA’s annual asphalt industry leadership

2026 CalAPA Board of Directors

retreat in Lake Tahoe blends fun with exclusive market insight.

On the Cover: Cover illustration by Aldo Myftari, Construction Marketing Services, LLC.

THE CALIFORNIA ASPHALT PAVEMENT ASSOCIATION www.calapa.net

Frank Costa (Chairman)..................... Martin Marietta Chris Gerber (Vice Chair)................... G3 Quality Scott Bottomley (Treasurer)............... Sully-Miller / Blue Diamond Materials Phil Reader (Secretary)...................... Reed Family Companies Scott Metcalf (Immediate past chair)...Ergon Asphalt & Emulsions Ron Criss........................................... Hat Creek Construction Tim Denlay......................................... Knife River Scott Fraser....................................... Pavement Recycling Systems Chris Handley..................................... Tullis, Inc. Gary Houston..................................... Valero Robert Jarvis..................................... Century Paving Kevin Jeffers...................................... Albina Kody King........................................... Mercer-Fraser Pete Lambert..................................... McGuire & Hester John Reid........................................... CRH Companies Eric Richard....................................... Reed & Graham

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P.O. Box 981300 • West Sacramento • CA 95798 (Mailing Address) 1550 Harbor Blvd., Suite 120 • West Sacramento • CA 95691 • (916) 791-5044 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Russell W. Snyder, CAE, rsnyder@calapa.net TECHNICAL DIRECTOR: Brandon M. Milar, P.E., bmilar@calapa.net MEMBER SERVICE COORDINATOR: Jackie Henry, MBA, jhenry@calapa.net GUEST PUBLISHER: Russell W. Snyder, CAE, CalAPA PUBLISHED BY: Construction Marketing Services, LLC • (909) 772-3121 P.O. Box 892977 • Temecula • CA 92589 GRAPHIC DESIGN: Aldo Myftari CONTRIBUTING WRITERS: Russell W. Snyder, CAE, CalAPA, Scott D. Cohen, P.E., C.I.H. and Raquel Pimentel Contreras, Sespe/Trinity Consulting. ADVERTISING SALES: Kerry Hoover, CMS, (909) 772-3121 Copyright © 2026 – All Rights Reserved. No portion of this publication may be reused in any form without prior permission of the California Asphalt Pavement Association. California Asphalt is the official publication of the California Asphalt Pavement Association. This bimonthly magazine distributes to members of the California Asphalt Pavem ent Association; contractors; construction material producers; Federal, State and Local Government Officials; and others interested in asphalt pavements in California and gaining exclusive insight about the issues, trends and people that are shaping the future of the industry.

Comments? Questions? Please visit the link below or scan the QR Code. https://www.calapa.net/contact-us.html

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

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California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

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FEATURE ARTICLE

Health Risk Assessment: Here we go again? What the Proposed Acrolein Cancer Risk Factor Could Mean for California’s Asphalt Industry By Scott D. Cohen and Raquel Pimentel Contreras

magine that nothing changes at your asphalt plant. The same equipment operates for the same number of hours. The same amount of asphalt is produced. The burner consumes the same fuel, the stack exhausts the same emissions, and the surrounding community has not changed. Then the value used to translate those emissions into cancer risk changes — and suddenly the calculated health risk from the facility is higher. If that sounds familiar, it should. In the 2017 Environmental Issue of California Asphalt Magazine, we discussed major changes to California’s Health Risk Assessment (HRA) methodology in an article titled “Health Risk Assessment: What to Expect and How to Prepare.” Those changes followed the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment’s (OEHHA) 2015 revision of its HRA Guidelines. The 2015 revisions changed several components of the risk calculation, including agesensitivity factors, breathing rates, exposure assumptions, and other methodology used to estimate health risk. The result was that calculated cancer risk could increase significantly even though the amount of toxic air contaminants emitted by a facility had not changed.

Figure 1. Comparing the 2015 HRA Guidance changes with the 2026 proposed acrolein IUR.

Air districts then had to determine how to manage those higher calculated risks. Some adjusted risk-management thresholds or screening procedures, while others retained existing thresholds. The changes affected AB 2588 evaluations, permitting, public notification, risk-reduction requirements, and other regulatory programs. Nearly a decade later, California may be approaching another important change in how health risk is calculated.

WHAT IS CHANGING THIS TIME? In 2026, OEHHA released draft cancer Inhalation Unit Risk factors, or IURs, for acrolein and ethylene oxide (EtO). An IUR does not establish an emission limit. Instead, it is one of the values used to translate an estimated concentration of a toxic air contaminant into an estimated lifetime cancer risk. Therefore, changing an IUR can change calculated risk even when emissions remain exactly the same.

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

For EtO, OEHHA has proposed a substantial increase to the existing cancer potency value. That change could be significant for industries that directly use or emit EtO, including certain sterilization and chemicalmanufacturing operations. For the asphalt industry, however, acrolein may be the more important development. OEHHA has proposed a cancer IUR for acrolein of 7.9 × 10-4 (µg/m3)-1. Historically, California has evaluated acrolein primarily for acute and chronic noncancer effects. If the proposed value is ultimately adopted and incorporated into regulatory programs, acrolein would also contribute to calculated cancer risk. That matters because acrolein is associated with combustion. WHY ACROLEIN MATTERS TO ASPHALT PLANTS Hot-mix asphalt plants rely on combustion to produce asphalt. One of the largest combustion sources at a typical HMA plant is the aggregate dryer. Depending on the plant, dryer burners may approach or exceed 100 MMBtu/hr. Facilities may also operate smaller natural-gas-fired equipment, including hot-oil heaters used to keep asphalt binder at the temperature necessary for pumping and mixing. The asphalt industry therefore has a direct interest in how combustion-related acrolein emissions will be estimated and incorporated into future health-risk calculations. The issue is complicated by the emission factors currently used for asphalt plants. Many asphalt emission calculations rely on U.S. EPA’s AP-42 Section 11.1 for Hot Mix Asphalt Plants. The commonly used natural-gas-fired HMA dryer toxic emission-factor tables do not specifically include acrolein. California air-district combustion profiles, however, do.

For example, San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District’s AB 2588 toxic profiles include an acrolein emission factor of 0.0027 lb/MMscf of natural gas for external combustion equipment in the 10–100 MMBtu/hr range. The same acrolein factor is included for smaller natural-gas externalcombustion equipment. That creates an important question for asphalt producers: What happens if the proposed acrolein cancer IUR is paired with existing California natural-gas combustion emission factors? WHAT COULD THIS MEAN FOR AN ACTUAL HMA PLANT? To answer that question in terms asphalt producers can relate to, we evaluated operating information from an actual HMA plant. The plant can produce approximately 500 tons of asphalt per hour and up to 500,000 tons per year. Its natural-gas-fired dryer is rated at approximately 100 MMBtu/hr, and the plant also has an approximately 2 MMBtu/hr hot-oil heater.

The plant’s actual calculation establishes a relationship of approximately 190 cubic feet of natural gas per ton of asphalt produced. That allows the naturalgas combustion factors to be translated directly into asphalt production. For purposes of illustrating the potential effect of the proposed acrolein value, we applied the applicable natural-gas combustion toxic profiles and used a closereceptor screening assumption. Under the current cancer screening calculation, without a cancer IUR for acrolein, the combined naturalgas combustion screening score for the dryer and hot-oil heater is approximately 0.35. When the proposed acrolein IUR is added, the same equipment, fuel use, and production result in a screening score of approximately 2.2. In other words, the updated score is approximately 6.2 times the current score. Nothing about the plant changed. The dryer did not burn more fuel. The plant did not produce more asphalt.

Figure 2. Potential effect of the proposed acrolein IUR on the actual HMA plant natural-gas combustion screening score.

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

The equipment did not operate additional hours. The difference is the addition of a cancer potency value for acrolein. Even more notable, acrolein represents approximately 84% of the updated natural-gas combustion screening score in this example. This example also aligns with the broader natural-gas screening comparison. Using the same 10–100 MMBtu/hr combustion profile, a cancer prioritization score of 10 is reached at approximately 3,349 MMscf/year of natural gas under the current cancer factors. With the proposed acrolein IUR included, that same score is reached at only approximately 515 MMscf/year. That is roughly an 85% reduction in the amount of natural gas combustion associated with the same screening score. THE COMBUSTION CALCULATION IS ONLY PART OF THE STORY The example above intentionally isolates natural-gas combustion because that is where the effect of the proposed acrolein IUR is easiest to see. It is not a complete HRA for an asphalt plant. A full asphalt-plant evaluation may also include toxic emissions associated with aggregate and material constituents, asphalt binder, storage silos, truck loadout, and other plant operations. Metals, formaldehyde, benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and other toxic air contaminants may continue to contribute to a facility’s overall risk. The proposed acrolein IUR would therefore represent an additional contribution, not a replacement for the toxics already included in an asphalt-plant HRA. The actual effect at any particular facility will depend on many factors, including annual production, fuel consumption, permitted operating limits, stack parameters, meteorology, and distance to nearby residential receptors. 10

A facility already near an AB 2588, permitting, notification, or risk-management threshold may be more sensitive to the addition of another significant cancer-risk contributor than a facility with a relatively low existing score. Diesel Engines Add Another Layer Diesel engines create an additional implementation question. California currently evaluates cancer risk from diesel exhaust using diesel particulate matter (DPM) as a surrogate for the whole diesel exhaust mixture, which includes both particulate and gaseous constituents. Acrolein is one of the gaseous constituents of diesel exhaust, but it is not part of the DPM mass itself. For cancer and chronic risk, CARB has historically relied primarily on the DPM surrogate rather than requiring separate evaluation of each constituent. For acute risk, however, there is no acute REL for whole diesel exhaust, and CARB guidance identifies acrolein as an example of a constituent that may need to be evaluated separately when an acute analysis is warranted. If OEHHA ultimately adopts a cancer IUR for acrolein, CARB and the air districts will need to determine how that new value fits into the existing diesel-exhaust methodology. It is not yet clear whether cancer risk from acrolein would be added separately to the existing DPM-based risk, whether the DPM surrogate methodology would be revised to account for separately evaluated constituents, or whether dieselexhaust emission profiles would be updated. The individual emission factors would not be expected to add up or average out to the DPM emission factor because they represent different constituents and phases of the exhaust. The unresolved issue is how to avoid overlap when DPM is already being used as a surrogate for the overall diesel exhaust mixture.

THERE IS STILL A MEASUREMENT PROBLEM Before acrolein can be consistently incorporated into HRAs, another major question remains: How should facilities determine how much acrolein they actually emit? CARB has stated that there is currently no CARB-approved stationary-source test method for acrolein and has cautioned against relying on Method 430 results for the compound. Acrolein is unstable in the acidic sampling media used by the method. Available information indicates that more than 60% of acrolein may be lost after approximately 30 minutes, with losses approaching 70% after one hour. In practical terms, some of the acrolein entering the sampling system may break down before it can be measured. That creates an obvious implementation challenge. Facilities could potentially be required to evaluate a pollutant that has become an important cancerrisk contributor while lacking a reliable, approved stationary-source method to directly measure the emissions. The issue is not whether acrolein should be ignored. The issue is whether regulators and facilities will have a consistent and technically defensible way to quantify it. Until that question is resolved, emission factors, treatment of non-detect results, source-specific assumptions, and district implementation practices could significantly affect calculated results. CANCER RISK MAY NOT BE THE ONLY CONCERN Acrolein already has an acute Reference Exposure Level (REL) of 2.5 µg/m³, meaning that quantifying acrolein for cancer risk may also bring renewed attention to its short-term, noncancer effects. Historically, some evaluations have not quantified acute acrolein impacts because a reliable, approved stationary-source test method was [ Continued on page 12 ]

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

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[ Continued from page 10 ]

unavailable. If acrolein emissions are quantified for purposes of evaluating the proposed cancer IUR, however, it may become more difficult to exclude those same emissions from an acute-risk evaluation. Using the same actual HMA plant example, maximum production of 500 tons per hour and fuel use of approximately 190 cubic feet per ton correspond to approximately 95,000 cubic feet of natural gas per hour for the dryer. Including the hot-oil heater, the combined maximum-hour acrolein emission rate is approximately 0.00026 lb/ hr using the same combustion emission factor applied in the cancer screening example. Applying the CAPCOA acute screening approach and the same close-receptor assumption gives an acrolein-only acute prioritization score of approximately 0.16. This does not represent the facility’s total acute score; other acute toxic air contaminants and sources would also need to be considered. It does show that once acrolein is quantified, the implications may extend beyond cancer risk alone. Diesel engines provide another example. Under the existing DPM surrogate approach, there is no acute REL for whole diesel exhaust, so DPM itself does not produce an acute screening score. If acrolein begins to be separately quantified, its existing 2.5 µg/m³ acute REL could also become relevant. OEHHA’s acute REL represents a one-hour exposure. Consider a 300-hp stationary diesel engine operating at full load. CARB’s current screening guidance uses a fuel-consumption factor of 18.5 bhp-hr/gal for non-agricultural diesel engines below 750 hp. That corresponds to approximately 16 gallons of diesel per hour for a 300-hp engine. Using the available acrolein emission factor of 0.0339 lb per 1,000 gallons, the engine would emit approximately 0.00055 12

lb/hr of acrolein. Under the same close-receptor screening assumption used elsewhere in this article, that corresponds to an acrolein-only acute prioritization score of approximately 0.33. The comparison is somewhat different from the cancer example because acute risk is based on the maximum one-hour emission rate rather than annual operating hours. Under the current diesel surrogate approach, there is generally no separate acute score from DPM itself. If acrolein is separately quantified, the same 300-hp engine would have an acrolein acute screening score of approximately 0.33 at full load. Because that remains below a score of 1, the engine could operate for the full one-hour averaging period without exceeding a score of 1 from acrolein alone. Reducing the engine from thousands of annual operating hours to a few hundred hours would not change that maximumhour result if it can still operate at full load during any individual hour. This example considers only one engine and only acrolein. Multiple engines operating during the same hour, or other toxic air contaminants with acute health values, could increase the facility-wide acute screening result. ACROLEIN MAY BE ONLY THE BEGINNING Acrolein should also be viewed in the context of a much broader expansion of California’s air toxics reporting program. CARB’s recent amendments to the AB 2588 Emission Inventory Criteria and Guidelines significantly expanded the list of substances that facilities may be required to report. Among those substances are 765 chemicals identified as ChemSet-2. Reporting of the new substances is being phased in. Under CARB’s current schedule, ChemSet-2 emission quantification begins with data year 2026 for District Group A and data year 2028 for District

Group B. Importantly, facilities may be required to report substances even when OEHHA has not yet established a formal health value for them. CARB explains that collecting those emissions data helps identify priorities for future health-value development. CARB and OEHHA maintain an ongoing process for evaluating these chemicals and developing health values, including cancer potency factors and acute, 8-hour, and chronic Reference Exposure Levels. When OEHHA adopts a new health value, CARB incorporates it into the Hot Spots risk-assessment tools, and air districts may need to reevaluate facilities that emit the affected substance. That makes acrolein important for another reason: it may be an early example of a broader trend. As emissions data become available for hundreds of additional chemicals, more substances may eventually receive health values and begin contributing to facility prioritization scores and HRAs. A facility’s emissions may remain unchanged while the number of pollutants contributing to calculated health risk increases. WHAT CAN ASPHALT PRODUCERS DO NOW? The advice is remarkably similar to what appeared in this magazine nearly a decade ago. • Know what is in your emissions inventory. Understand which toxic profiles and emission factors are currently being used for your dryer burner, hot-oil heater, and other combustion equipment. • Understand your natural-gas usage. Fuel consumption can become an important driver when combustion emission factors are combined with a high cancer potency value. [ Continued on page 14 ]

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

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or nearly five decades, A.M. Stephens Construction Company, Inc. has built a reputation for quality paving and grading work in Northern and Central California. President Greg Stephens continues the tradition started by his father, performing public works and school district projects ranging from parking lots and hard courts to specialty paving applications. Stephens operates a diverse fleet of paving and grading equipment, but the Carlson CP85 has earned a place in the lineup. “In my personal opinion, in the mid-size market, it is the only paver machine that reacts and runs like a big paver,” Stephens says. He describes the CP85 as having the feel and response of a much larger machine, “but it’s just in a small package.” That combination of maneuverability, responsiveness, and paving feel makes the CP85 ideal for A.M. Stephens Construction projects. “As far as I’m concerned, that’s the best of the best,” Stephens says. The CP85 is not Stephens’ first equipment purchase from Herrmann Equipment. Over the years, he has purchased other paving equipment from the company, building a strong relationship based on the machines, service, and support. Stephens credits Matt Herrmann of Herrmann Equipment for that support. “Matt knows the equipment from the front to the back, I mean every bolt and every screw,” he says. “When I have a problem, he picks up the phone every time I call him, or when my guys call him.” When field service is needed, Stephens says the support continues. “If you’re having a problem, guess who’s there first thing the next morning? Matt himself. He’s just always there.” For A.M. Stephens Construction, the combination of Carlson CP85 performance and Herrmann Equipment support delivers dependable paving performance backed by someone who knows the machines, knows the business and stands behind the customer.

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[ Continued from page 12 ]

• Know your existing risk position. Facilities already close to screening, notification, permitting, or risk-reduction thresholds have more reason to understand how an additional cancer-risk contributor could affect them. • Review your operating assumptions. Maximum permitted production, operating hours, and fuel use may be considerably greater than actual operations. Where appropriate, site-specific information may provide a more representative basis for evaluation. • Know where your receptors are. Source-to-receptor distance has a significant effect on prioritization and HRA results. • Watch for changes to district toxic profiles. A revision to the profiles used for asphalt dryers or other combustion sources may be the first indication that the proposed acrolein value is beginning to affect day-to-day regulatory calculations. • Pay attention to sourcetesting developments. A new or approved method for measuring acrolein could significantly affect how facilities demonstrate actual emissions. •

Watch the ChemSet-2 phase-in. Facilities should understand which newly reportable chemicals may be associated with their operations and whether new OEHHA health values are developed for those substances. Reporting a chemical that currently has no health value does not necessarily affect risk today, but a future health value could cause that same reported emission to contribute to prioritization or HRA results.

WE HAVE SEEN THIS BEFORE The central lesson from the 2015 HRA changes was not that health-risk science should never change. It was that a change to the way risk is calculated can create meaningful regulatory consequences even when a facility’s emissions and operations remain unchanged. The proposed acrolein IUR presents a similar issue on a more targeted scale. For the actual HMA plant example evaluated here, simply adding the proposed acrolein cancer potency value increases the natural-gas combustion screening score from approximately 0.35 to 2.2 — making the updated score approximately 6.2 times the current score. That does not mean every asphalt plant will suddenly have a significant health risk or be required to install additional controls. It does mean the asphalt industry should understand the issue before a draft toxicity value becomes embedded in emissions inventories, prioritization calculations, HRAs, and permitting decisions. And acrolein may not be the last new pollutant to change the calculation. With hundreds of additional chemicals being phased into California’s air toxics reporting program, future development of additional health values could continue to increase calculated risk even where facility operations and actual emissions remain unchanged. In 2017, the advice was to understand your facility’s emissions and HRA before a change in methodology forced the issue. Nearly a decade later, that remains pretty good advice. CA

including AB 2588 compliance, permitting/NSR, and CEQA. He can be reached at (619) 894-8670.

Scott D. Cohen, P.E., C.I.H., is a Project Manager II with CalAPA member SESPE Consulting Inc. (a Trinity Consultants company), and also co-chair of the CalAPA Environmental Committee. SESPE Consulting, Inc. has assisted dozens of companies throughout California and elsewhere with air emissions quantification, dispersion modeling and health risk assessment for a variety of purposes,

4. California Air Resources Board (CARB) — Acrolein Test Method Advisory and Data https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/acroleintest-method-advisory-and-data

Raquel Pimentel Contreras, M.S., is an Associate Consultant with SESPE Consulting Inc. (a Trinity Consultants company), with experience in air quality permitting and environmental compliance. She assists industrial facilities throughout California with air emissions quantification, permitting and New Source Review (NSR), emissions inventories, regulatory applicability evaluations, and ongoing air quality compliance. Her work includes supporting clients with permitting applications, regulatory reporting, health risk assessment evaluations, and compliance with local air district, CARB, and federal air quality requirements. She can be reached at (661) 372-9389 REFERENCES: Primary references used for the regulatory background, emission factors, screening methodology, source-testing discussion, and plantspecific example in this article: 1. Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) — Inhalation Unit Risk Factor (IUR) for Acrolein https://oehha.ca.gov/air/crnr/ inhalation-unit-risk-factor-iur-acrolein 2. OEHHA — Acrolein Cancer Inhalation Unit Risk Factor Technical Support Document, Public Review Draft (May 2026) https://oehha.ca.gov/sites/ default/files/media/2026-05/ AcroleinIURpcDraft051426.pdf 3. OEHHA — Inhalation Unit Risk Factor (IUR) for Ethylene Oxide https://oehha.ca.gov/air/crnr/ inhalation-unit-risk-factor-iurethylene-oxide

5. San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District (SJVAPCD) — AB 2588 “Hot Spots” Air Toxics Profiles https://www.valleyair.org/busind/ pto/AB2588ToxicsProfiles.pdf

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

6. California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA) — Facility Prioritization Guidelines https://capcoa.org/capcoaprioritization-guidelines/ 7. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — AP-42, Fifth Edition, Section 11.1: Hot Mix Asphalt Plants https://www.epa.gov/air-emissionsfactors-and-quantification/ap-42fifth-edition-volume-i-chapter-11mineral-products-0 8. OEHHA — Notice of Adoption of the 2015 Air Toxics “Hot Spots” Program Guidance Manual for Preparation of Health Risk Assessments https://oehha.ca.gov/air/crnr/ notice-adoption-air-toxics-hotspots-program-guidance-manualpreparation-health-risk-assessments 9. California Chamber of Commerce and Coalition Partners — Joint Comments on OEHHA’s Draft Acrolein IUR (CalAPA signatory) https://oehha.ca.gov/system/ files/dockets/21913/22023california-chamber-commerceand-coalition-partners/uploads/ coalition-comments-draft-acroleiniur-072926.pdf 10. California Asphalt Magazine — 2017 Environmental Issue, including Scott Cohen’s “Health Risk Assessment: What to Expect and How to Prepare” https://issuu.com/calcontractor/ docs/cam_environmental_ issue_2017_online

11. Actual HMA Plant Calculation Workbook — internal project source provided by Scott Cohen; used for the plant-specific 500 tph, 500,000 tons/year, natural-gas-use relationship, ~100 MMBtu/hr dryer, and 2 MMBtu/hr oil-heater example. 12. California Air Resources Board — AB 2588 Hot Spots Frequently Asked Questions (January 9, 2025). Used for ChemSet-1/ChemSet-2 reporting schedules, the 765 ChemSet-2 chemical count, reporting of chemicals without existing OEHHA health values, and CARB/OEHHA health-value development and implementation. https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/ documents/2022-frequently-askedquestions-faqs 13. California Air Resources Board — Consolidated Table of OEHHA/ ARB Approved Risk Assessment Health Values (updated December 17, 2024). https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/ default/files/classic/toxics/ healthval/contable.pdf Used for the acrolein acute REL of 2.5 µg/m³.

screening approach for nonvehicular diesel engines. 15. California Air Resources Board — Staff Report for the 2006 Amendments to the Air Toxics “Hot Spots” Emission Inventory Criteria and Guidelines. https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/ default/files/barcu/regact/ hotspot06/hsisor.pdf Used for CARB’s treatment of diesel particulate matter (DPM) as a surrogate for whole diesel exhaust for cancer and chronic risk and the potential need to evaluate individual diesel-exhaust constituents, including acrolein, for acute risk. 16. Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) — Acrolein Chemical Profile. https://oehha.ca.gov/chemicals/ acrolein Used for acrolein health-value information, including the acute Reference Exposure Level (REL) of 2.5 µg/m³ and its one-hour acute exposure basis.

14. California Air Resources Board — Non-Vehicular Diesel Engine Risk Assessment Guidance (2024). https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/ documents/non-vehicular-dieselengine-risk-assessment-guidance Used for the 300-hp diesel engine acute-risk example, including the 18.5 bhp-hr/gal diesel fuelconsumption factor and CARB’s

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California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

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California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

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Q&A with

Howard Marks PhD, JD, MPH Vice President, Environment Health & Safet y National Asphalt Pavement Association By Russell W. Snyder

Editor’s Note: Howard Marks is the Vice President of Environment Health & Safety for the National Asphalt Pavement Association (NAPA), a CalAPA partner. A well-known and respected authority on asphalt science and research, Marks also has worked closely with California industry leaders, academia and others in helping formulate policy and advance research and knowledge-sharing in the industry and also with agency stakeholders. His primary responsibilities with NAPA include ensuring regulatory compliance and assistance, identifying and promoting best practices that reduce plant and paving site injuries, serving as a resource to address EH&S issues associated with plant and paving applications, developing educational forums, and coordinating industry training focused on work zone safety. Prior to joining NAPA in 2005, Marks managed EH&S issues for a large Midwest refiner for almost a decade. He is a prominent advocate for ensuring EH&S excellence through realistic regulatory reform based on credible science. He has been involved with a number of large and successful NAPA initiatives, including characterizing hazards associated with asphalt fume emissions and working in multi-stakeholder partnerships to develop engineering controls that protect employees and ensure regulatory compliance. Marks holds a PhD in Environmental Toxicology from Cornell University, a Juris Doctorate in Environmental Law from Boston University, and a 18

commonsense industry practices, and education. You’ve also spoken at CalAPA conferences, meetings and other engagements. With environmental issues, in particular, so prominent in our state, we appreciate the great resource you have been for us over the years. HM: I’m really proud of what we have accomplished over the past 20 years.

Howard Marks PhD, JD, MPH, Vice President, Environment Health & Safety National Asphalt Pavement Association.

MPH in Environmental Health from Boston University.

CAM: So, our magazine focuses on long-term trends for our industry, and since this is the environmental issue, who better to talk to on the subject than you? You’ve been in the middle of almost every significant health and safety issue for our industry over the past 20 years. Let’s get right to it. HM: OK, let’s go.

California Asphalt Magazine: I feel like we’re getting the band back together! Howard Marks: (Laughs). Absolutely! CAM: Seriously, though, thank you for taking the time to speak with us. You are well known in California, having attended several conferences, meetings, and other events in our state, and we have spoken countless times with regard to the regulatory environment in California and across the nation, identifying cross-cutting issues of mutual interest, and brainstorming on solutions to advance safety and environmental protection,

CAM: Right. So let’s start with some current issues that our industry is grappling with. What are some of the top ones from your perspective? One of the reasons we talk so frequently is that environmental regulations are so prominent in California, and ideas that emerge in California often migrate eastward. HM: There’s no question that California, and now, to some extent, some of the other East Coast states as well, are the “canary and the coal mine’”in terms of environmental regulations, with a bunch of changes coming via Executive Order. But obviously we have seen that can take a

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

HM: But that’s exactly what they were saying. They concluded that PFAS presents an unreasonable risk to human health and the environment and therefore the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency had the authority to regulate it very stringently. If you review EPA’s toxicity database, it identifies Dioxin as the No. 1 most toxic chemical. CAM: Wow.

Howard Marks was the featured speaker at the CalAPA Spring Conference in Ontario in 2023.

180-degree turn depending on the administration in the White House and control of Congress. Will that continue to happen? Let’s just say I personally believe there needs to be some kind of happy medium.

CAM: To a point of diminishing returns for the tiny bit of improvement, at a great cost.

CAM: The wild swings in policy are rather jarring, and difficult for any industry to keep up with.

CAM: So can you give us an example of this?

HM: Yes. But the one constant is that our industry has consistently continued to improve over the years in making our plants and our operations more efficient and reducing environmental impacts, and we definitely don’t get enough credit for that. It’s been estimated that in recent decades more than 90% of emissions have been eliminated from asphalt production with various engineering controls, and new technologies and best practices are being implemented every day to push that figure even higher. CAM: At the same time, regulations keep getting stricter and stricter. HM: Exactly. Our environmental record is pretty darn good. But with measuring technology getting increasingly sophisticated, regulators want to continually lower the acceptable concentrations.

HM: At some point we have to say, “Enough is enough.”

HM: Sure. There were two rules that the Biden Administration came out with at the end of their term, and that was the chlorinated solvents ban, and some of the regulatory language related to PFAS. CAM: Ah, PFAS, the so-called “forever chemicals” that is dominating the news these days. The formal name that nobody could possibly remember or spell correctly is polyfluoroalkyl substances.

HM: Right? But to reach this finding, they had to have this toxicology report associated with it, and that’s where we think, along with many other experts, EPA didn’t have the data to justify their position. CAM: We are also seeing increasingly inflammatory language being used by activists to push extreme policy positions. The latest is the use of the term “traffic violence” with regard to traffic collisions involving pedestrians or bicyclists. Pedestrian and bicycle safety is important, to be sure, but suggesting there is violent intent on the part of any agency that has someone hurt or killed in their jurisdiction is irresponsible. That type of inflammatory language has no place in serious transportation policy discussions. HM: It’s hard when we are trying to have lucid conversations with people on these important policies.

HM: Yes. And as you know, I’ve had to bite my tongue more than a few times about this. Basically, when you look at EPA’s documentation, they have said that PFAS is like the second most toxic material known to humankind.

CAM: We’re also noticing that citizen activists have access to so much more information these days, but they may not be able to put that information in any sort of context so they understand what the information really represents or identifies. Are you seeing that on the national level?

CAM: Talk about scare tactics. PFAS and plastics are everywhere in our world.

HM: In the case of the U.S. EPA, they are really part of the executive branch. They are not really a

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

regulatory agency per se, where those other agencies have more extensive fact-based processes and comment periods. Sometimes those agencies get it right and sometimes they don’t. But in the case of the EPA, specifically, there are some lifetime staffers working there in pretty high positions on the policy side, so they can dictate a lot of things, regardless of the administration. That can be very difficult to deal with and sometimes valid science isn’t able to persuade otherwise. CAM: That gets back to our industry’s default position that we want to be guided by sound science and sound engineering that is fact-based, peer reviewed and, if possible, field tested. HM: All these regulations, and the comment periods, can be real sticking points, especially with permitting. If you talk to some state environmental agencies about what comes out of an asphalt plant, the air emissions from an asphalt plant, they will say the emissions are pretty innocuous. But that can be a big sticking point with the public’s perception. And that is where the issue is. If you are seeking a permit to improve your plant, even if you are improving environmental controls and reducing emissions, if there is a lot of public comment and you may not be able to get the permit. Again, there is perception which might not necessarily be based in reality. CAM: That’s why we spend so much time trying to identify credible sources of information, and present that information in some sort of context. People can look up something on the internet but it may be misleading or confusing. HM: If there was any way we could get rid of that perception, that sure would help. 20

Howard Marks delivers expert testimony to the OEHHA Carcinogen Identification Committee in Sacramento in 2016.

CAM: Our discussions about trends led us down a couple of rabbit holes, but let’s get back to that. What are some of the trends you see in the EH&S space?

the high cost of housing. We can kid around about the extreme antieverything crowd, but organized opposition is getting more sophisticated and effective, isn’t it?

HM: One is this desire on the part of many agencies to push toward carbon neutrality. We have recognized this and we have promoted programs in this area, like Environmental Product Declarations, or EPDs. As you know, some states have picked up EPDs. (Even when presidential administrations change) it will come back in one way, shape or form, probably similar to what we had a couple of years ago.

HM: For sure. I definitely see greater public engagement, and that is driving environmental policy. Folks are getting more savvy, and I also see people getting more concerned about newer environmental issues like, for example, microplastics.

CAM: We have worked closely with NAPA and the Asphalt Institute on educating our members about EPDs, Product Category Rules and other aspects of understanding carbon emissions. It’s definitely a moving target. And it often collides with the anti-development movement.

HM: PFAS is one of those components of the microplastics issue, but in some areas, particularly along the coasts, it is getting a lot of attention. Unfortunately, some of our members may have at some point come in contact with these materials because it may have come off the roads or probably more likely, airfields. There is no question, for example, that tire rubber comes off on the roads. Some states are looking at that as a toxicology issue. And people are definitely paying more attention to the entire microplastics issue.

HM: NIMBYs or BANANAs. CAM: Not in My Backyard and, the extreme, Build Absolutely Nothing Anywhere Near Anyone. Ugh. There seems to be a growing backlash in California against that sort of obstructionism, particularly with

CAM: Ah, yes, back to plastics and PFAS. It helps to capture public attention when you have a catchy name, like “Forever Chemicals.”

[ Continued on page 22 ]

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

[ Continued from page 20 ]

CAM: What is another specific issue you see coming on the scene?

Howard Marks participating in an expert panel discussion at a NAPA Annual Meeting.

HM: PM2.5. CAM: That’s the size of particulate in the air. We have had a lot of experience dealing with air quality regulators in California and the PM2.5 issue. These units of measurement are infinitesimally small. For those who don’t follow this closely, that’s atmospheric particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less, which is generally 30 times smaller than a human hair. There are many sources of this, from combustion engines to wildfires to the home cooktop. HM: At some point, I think state agencies are going to drive down emissions at asphalt plants, especially in air districts that are in non-attainment with the new PM2.5 standard. Agencies will be required to reduce PM2.5 across their state by about 20%. While a mix facility currently has fairly decent control systems, like, for example, baghouses, when states start to look harder at their source inventories, they likely will ratchet down all facility source emissions, mix plants included. I’m thinking some of the larger plant manufacturers are paying attention to this and might be thinking of more efficient and better ways to further reduce fine dust emissions from mix plants. CAM: We’re starting to fill up our Buzzword Bingo card. Non-attainment refers to states with cities or regions where air pollution exceeds federal levels. We have several of those areas in California. How will this impact plant permitting? We have found in some cases in California the permitting process can be a disincentive to invest in an older plant to make it more efficient and reduce emissions. 22

HM: Right. So if a facility wanted to upgrade their equipment or do a major modification to add additional environmental controls, they run the risk of going down the public participation path and they run the risk of being denied their permit, and in some extreme cases, shut down, especially in areas where there the public just doesn’t want industrial facilities. But on the bright side, especially with permitting, EPA just proposed a rule to designate a “synthetic” minor source like an asphalt plant, as a “true minor” or small facility source like a dry cleaner, for public participation requirements during the permitting process. So, if the rule passes, an asphalt plant would not be required to have a public hearing during the permit process – simplifying and speeding-up the overall process. Now, this would be a federal rule, and states will likely still have the authority to over-ride those federal requirements. Regardless, we’ve been trying to advocate for this type of change for years. CAM: Your reputation as a subject-matter expert was on prominent display back in 2016

when an office within the State of California Environmental Protection Agency decided to take a look at asphalt to see if it merited more study as a potential carcinogen. HM: I remember that well. CAM: To remind our readers, NAPA led the way for many years in facilitating the study of asphalt to determine if there was any appreciable carcinogenic risk. When an international body took up the issue, there was concern within the industry that an unfavorable finding, with a frightening label, could be an existential threat. NAPA, the Asphalt Institute and state asphalt pavement associations (SAPAs), among others, organized a coordinated response, which leaned heavily on credible research and proven subject-matter experts. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) landed on an innocuous finding, and NAPA presented CalAPA and other contributors with a commendation that is proudly on display on the wall at CalAPA’s offices to this day. Not long afterward, the State of California, Office of Environmental

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA), decided to do its own evaluation. OEHHA is tasked with identifying cancer risk for thousands of substances in the state as part of the landmark 1986 toxics reporting law known by its ballot designation, Proposition 65. You participated in numerous meetings coordinated by CalAPA to pool resources and expertise, including lessons learned from the IARC experience, and surge them toward the OEHHA panel of scientists formally called the Carcinogen Identification Committee. You were able to help secure a similar favorable outcome for the asphalt industry. HM: Yes. It was a team effort. CAM: Indeed, but there were moments during the Carcinogen Identification Committee hearing on asphalt when it seemed like things could veer off course, right? HM: For sure. But our pooled-fund research was instrumental in identifying that there actually is a difference with regard to application temperature and the types of and quantities of materials that come out of that process, including the paving process. And there is no question that during the IARC review process these international scientists found a pretty significant distinction between 300 degrees Fahrenheit, asphalt emissions, and 400 degrees Fahrenheit asphalt emissions. And that’s one of the reasons why we really tried to promote Warm Mix Asphalt pavements because we know you could go even lower in temperature, and we know that the lower you go in temperature, the less the material gets volatized. That pooled funding was instrumental in getting all of those initiatives started. CAM: But in the case of the OEHHA Carcinogen Identification Committee, presenting a mountain of evidence

Howard Marks talks rubber with CalAPA member Barry Takallou of CRM.

Howard Marks (right) has a hallway chat with John Lane of Teichert at a NAPA conference.

to scientists who don’t necessarily follow the latest research on asphalt was a challenge, right?

CAM: You did an amazing job thinking on your feet, and adapting to the situation in real time.

HM: It sure was. They have all this research they go through. They reviewed the top-level lines of the research, and maybe did a quick internet search. But it can be confusing and sometimes can lead people to the wrong conclusions. At the hearing I remember thinking committee members were conflating some information and misunderstanding other information. I had some talking points, some of which were pretty nuanced. But when listening to the committee discussions I could tell they were missing some key points. I remember thinking, “Wow, I have to correct some of these misperceptions.” I had to tell them, “No, that’s not what those findings say.” I think we connected with at least a couple of the committee members, right there on the spot, and they acquiesced … and delisted asphalt paving mix emissions from further scrutiny. I’ve got to say that process, and our outcome, in real-time, was a really great accomplishment for me personally.

HM: Thank-you.

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

CAM: The situation also reinforced our association position on pooled funds. We view the pooled funds as an opportunity to fill important and emerging knowledge gaps, or bring clarity to certain aspects of our product. To work smarter, not harder, if you will. There is another prominent example of that recently coming out of the University of California Riverside, right? This is yet another example of credible research informing sound policy formulation. HM: Correct. The genesis of this was a Yale study that reputedly found a link between in-place pavement and smog emissions. We read this study, which came to some novel conclusions, but it seemed like there were some problems with their methodology. We were basically wondering if it was true or not. We wanted to know. So we went out to a super-credible independent third party, the 23

University of California Riverside. Their initial findings confirm what we expected – that the Yale study overestimated the risk by many orders of magnitude. The UCR findings are in final review and we expect them to be published in an academic journal soon. CAM: Was it a risk to fund such a study? What if the findings weren’t favorable? HM: Yes, there is always a risk with “research”. But we absolutely wanted to know, so the study was funded to provide clarity on the subject. But we had a pretty good idea from some of the work that some of our members did, looking at the nuances of emissions, and we didn’t think the Yale model would stand up to scrutiny. And UCR was very clear that they wanted hardly any interaction with us other than to help them understand our product and perhaps the best way to set up the experiments. CAM: They were a good choice to do this research because they have a world renowned reputation in air quality research, and do a lot of work for the South Coast Air Quality Management District, among others. HM: That’s right. They have very sophisticated equipment and a lot of experience in air pollution modeling. CAM: We look forward to the publication of that study. HM: So do we. CAM: We’ve also been hearing about research coming out of the University of Florida on recycling of asphalt that may contain PFAS. HM: The research has to do with the use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, or RAP, that may contain PFAS, especially from firefighting foams used on airfields and for 24

training purposes. While previous research has always indicated that asphalt and RAP is not by itself a harmful substance, the PFAS issue was a bit new, and with EPA’s 2024 Rule, designating PFAS as a Superfund hazardous substance, it placed additional potential liability risk on entities that worked with airfield RAP. So it was important the industry had a better understanding of whether such PFAS-containing millings could be safely recycled and whether there was any environmental risk from stockpiled material. In this case, we funded research through the Airport Asphalt Pavement Technology Program, a partnership between NAPA and the Federal Aviation Administration. The project was awarded to University of Florida and the National Center for Asphalt Technology at Auburn University (NCAT) . It appears the University of Florida will now be able to answer some of these questions for us. UF has now published their preliminary research identifying that 95% to 99% of PFAS in airfieldcontaminated pavement can be encapsulated in the recycled pavement – and they’re working to further maximize mix designs that can encapsulate even more. UF is also looking at whether there are any residual PFAS chemistries in generic milling stockpiles, and to date, they have not detected any – very good news. Bottom line on all of this, when asphalt millings are recycled, any adverse chemistries, whether PFAS, trace metals, or other organics, are totally encapsulated and the recycled pavement is environmentally protective. CAM: That’s quite a record of accomplishment on behalf of the asphalt industry. Is there anything else you are particularly proud of working on? HM: Along the same lines, I’d say the ongoing promotion and advocacy that asphalt and asphaltic applications are considered non-

hazardous for classification in Safety Data Sheets. Some people may not understand the significance of this, but it has its origins in the IARC case, and the California case. We were able to show that there has never been any kind of validated, credible, documented study that shows exposure to paving asphalt is unsafe. That’s good for everyone to know. CAM: What message would you like to share with our readers? HM: I guess I would consider California as an early adopter of environmental controls. And if California is going to do something, some other states are going to follow, and sooner or later it will be spreading across the county, for better or for worse. That’s why we need to be engaged. CAM: As it is often said, “If you’re not at the table, you’re on the menu.” HM: That’s it. CAM: OK, one final question. Our sources tell us that, earlier today, you changed the oil in your daughter’s car. Did you dispose of the waste oil responsibly? HM: Absolutely! (laughs). CAM: We had to ask. HM: I understand. (laughs). CAM: So, looking ahead, where do you see all of this headed in the future? HM: I think that over the next five to 10 years, the asphalt pavement industry is going to continue to be under pressure with regulators and with the public on environmental issues, and that our members are going to need to spend more money, unfortunately, with diminishing returns, on the controls part of their

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

operations. While those costs are going to get passed on, it is what it is. In general, our members are going to need to be prepared. We’re going to have to control emissions even further than we do now. CAM: In other words, no rest for the weary. CA Russell W. Snyder, CAE, is executive director of the California Asphalt Pavement Association (CalAPA).

REFERENCE: Nicholson, J. (2026) “Research: PFAS from firefighting foams can be immobilized during pavement recycling” NAPA NOW, a publication of the National Asphalt Pavement Association. Aug. 14, 2026. LINK: https://napanow.org/2026/08/11/ research-pfas-from-fire-fighting-foamscan-be-immobilized-during-pavementrecycling/

PFAS Explained (2026), a publication of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Accessed Aug. 14. 2026. LINK: https://www.epa.gov/pfas/pfasexplained Snyder, R. (2023) “Asphalt industry and stakeholders gather in Ontario for insight, leadership, networking.” California Asphalt, Journal of the California Asphalt Pavement Association, Private Construction Issue. Page 26-28. LINK: https:// issuu.com/calcontractor/docs/cam_ private_construction_issue_2023_-_ issuu?fr=sYTFmYjU5ODI5NzI Snyder, R. (2023) “The ABCs of EPDs” California Asphalt, Journal of the California Asphalt Pavement Association, 2023 Environmental Issue, PP 8-14. LINK: https:// issuu.com/calcontractor/docs/ cam_environmental_issue_2023_-_ issuu?fr=sNzQwYjYzNDUxNDA

Snyder, R. (2019) “CalAPA Environmental Committee: A legacy of education and advocacy on behalf of the asphalt industry.” California Asphalt, Journal of the California Asphalt Pavement Association, 2019 Environmental Issue. PP 8-12. LINK: https://issuu.com/calcontractor/ docs/cam_enviro_2019_ issuu?fr=sMGIyYjE2OTYy Snyder, R. (2017) “State panel of Prop. 65 scientists follow industry recommendation on asphalt.” California Asphalt, Journal of the California Asphalt Pavement Association, 2017 Forecast Issue. PP 30-32. LINK: https://issuu.com/calcontractor/docs/ cam_2017_forecast_pages

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ASSOCIATION NEWS

CalAPA’s annual asphalt industry leadership retreat in Lake Tahoe blends fun with exclusive market insight By Russell W. Snyder

Golfers prepare to load up their carts for the pre-Summit at the Summit Leadership Forum golf outing at Incline Village Championship Golf Course in Lake Tahoe.

amed political columnist Dan Walters kicked off his talk to asphalt industry leaders in Lake Tahoe by responding to a provocative question: Who predicted Xavier Becerra would be the top vote-getter in the California primary election for governor? His blunt reply: “Nobody.” That level of candor marked CalAPA’s 3rd annual “Summit at the Summit” Executive Leadership Forum in Incline Village, NV, where a diverse group of speakers June 24-25 provided rich and diverse opinions for leaders navigating a dynamic time for the asphalt industry in California. Walters, author and awardwinning dean of California political columnists, noted how California politics can confound even the most experienced pundits, with several prominent examples in the decades he has been on the political beat: 28

Frank Costa, Martin Marietta (left), Rich Gilkey, San Joaquin Refining, Andy Spencer, Martin Marietta, and Scott Lipp, DeSilva Gates, enjoyed a day on the links.

The Proposition 13 tax revolt of the late 1970s, the recall of Gov. Gray Davis in the 1990s, and replacement by action movie star Arnold Schwarzenegger, and most recently the ascendance of Gavin Newsom as governor and 2028 presidential hopeful. With Newsom limited to two terms in office, which will end in January, there was no clear frontrunner among the 61 declared candidates for governor in the June 2 primary election. On the Democratic side, billionaire Tom Styer was spending hundreds of millions of dollars on his selffunded campaign, and former Congresswoman Katie Porter, former Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa, San Jose Mayor Matt Mahan and Rep Eric Swalwell at times appeared to be gaining traction and then faded. In the final weeks of the campaign, former

California Attorney General and U.S. Housing & Urban Development Secretary Xavier Becerra surged from the back of the pack into the lead. He will face Republican commentator Steve Hilton, who has the endorsement of President Donald Trump. Walters said it is stories like this, so-called Black Swan events that are hard to predict, that keeps California politics interesting. His assessment of Newsom, who he has been covering since Newsom was mayor of San Francisco, was unflinching. “I’ve never seen a governor so boastful,” Walters said of Newsom. “He has this need to be recognized.” A Becerra administration, if it comes to fruition, will likely be much more staid, Walters predicted. “He will be a Johnny Lunchbucket of a governor,” he said.

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

CalAPA Chairman Frank Costa welcomed attendees and provided event updates on the first morning of Summit presentations.

Famed political columnist and author Dan Walters captivated industry leaders with insights and perspectives drawn from decades of experience covering California politics and public policy.

Bob Brown, Senior Director of California Regional Affairs for the Western States Petroleum Association, discussed continued disruptions in energy markets and supply chains.

Brandon Milar, CalAPA Technical Director, served as emcee for the event.

Crystal Howard of Crystal Waters Consulting provided an update on the asphalt market forecast for 2026 and beyond.

“A combination of (Republican) George Deukmejian and (Democrat) Gray Davis.” Walters also regaled the audience of road-builders with his interactions with former Caltrans Director Adriana Gianturco, who helmed the department during a turbulent time during the first Brown administration. “She was truly anti-highway,” Walters noted. “She shut down projects that had been in progress for years.”

Mike Skinner, Executive Director of the CalAPA-supported Asphalt Pavement Alliance, delivered his “Situational Awareness” presentation to industry leaders.

Political columnist and author Dan Walters with Aimi Dutra, Dutra Materials, a CRH Company, and Chair of CalAPA’s Legislative Committee.

“However, in his second incarnation,” Walters noted, “Jerry Brown 2.0, one of the things that he did was to get SB1 passed, and that has obviously pumped a lot of money into highway construction.” SB1, the $50 billion Road Repair & Accountability Act, was signed into law by Brown in 2017. As for handicapping the 2028 presidential race, Walters cautioned that although Newsom may be perceived as a frontrunner

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

in some polls, there is a lot of campaigning to be done before voters decide who will be the nation’s next president. Looking ahead, California’s likely loss of more Congressional seats following the 2030 census due to a declining population, which has Electoral College implications, does not bode well nationwide for Democratic candidates on national tickets. Other experts at the two-day conclave did a deep dive in the 29

Members gather for the opening-night reception at the Hyatt’s Water Garden.

CalAPA Executive Director Russell Snyder (left) poses with famed political columnist and author Dan Walters.

Aimee Anundsen, Arkema (left), Michael Longshaw, Arkema, and Scott Metcalf, Ergon Asphalt & Emulsions.

Nancy Talley (left) and Ken Talley with Cody Branch of Talley Oil, Inc.

state of the asphalt market in California, the regulatory environment, petroleum industry shocks and technical trends, all of which have an impact to the bottom line of any business in the asphalt space. Mike Skinner, executive director of the CalAPA-supported Asphalt Pavement Alliance, provided a national perspective on marketshare trends, borrowing a term from the military, “situational awareness.” One promising trend he flagged is the increasingly popular use of highly-modified binder in freeway projects in several states, flipping formerly concrete pavements to the asphalt column. Skinner said he expects this trend to continue as more state DOTs see the durability and value of the “hi-mod” pavement design. 30

Jordan Reed, Reed Family Companies (left), Russell Snyder, Executive Director of CalAPA, and Brandon Milar, Technical Director of CalAPA.

Crystal Howard with Crystal Waters Consulting, an economist who produces CalAPA’s exclusive Asphalt Market Forecast for California, provided a mid-year update that factored in recent oil market uncertainty, the impact of tariffs, and various economic funding scenarios. Her predictions about the asphalt market have become an essential part of business planning for any company in the asphalt industry. CalAPA members should contact the association to receive a copy of this exclusive member-only product. Bob Brown with the Western States Petroleum Association provided insight into the uniqueness of the California petroleum market, which impacts fuel prices, and liquid the asphalt supply, not only in the Golden State but also in

Nevada and Arizona. Policy-makers and regulators in Sacramento, he said, are starting to realize the harm to the economy and consumer pocketbooks of hostile regulations targeted the oil industry. What impact that recognition will have on the actual business climate and risk faced by refiners and others remains to be seen. Jhony Habbouche with the Asphalt Institute provided a timely presentation on how artificial intelligence technologies are shaping the asphalt industry, CalAPA’s technical director, Brandon Milar, P.E., provided a technical and specification update with a focus on changes in [ Continued on page 32 ]

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

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Dilly Dalley the Clown, an awardwinning balloon artist and “twister,” delighted kids of all ages during the reception.

Jhony Habbouche, Asphalt Institute (left), Russell Snyder, CalAPA, Frank Farshidi, ABT Group, and Sarah Sisson, All States Materials.

The “Power Policy Panel,” seated from left: Scott Cohen, Sespe Consulting; Scott Taylor, Taylor Environmental Services, co-chairs of CalAPA’s Environmental Committee; Aimi Dutra, Dutra Materials, a CRH Company and Chair of CalAPA’s Legislative Committee; and past CalAPA Chairman Scott Metcalf, Ergon Asphalt & Emulsions. [ Continued from page 30 ]

state and local asphalt pavement specifications and test methods. A “Power Policy Panel” was comprised of CalAPA leaders who help shape the association’s legislative and regulatory strategy was comprised of Scott Cohen with Sespe Consulting and Scott Taylor with Taylor Environmental Services (Environmental Committee cochairs); Aimi Dutra with Dutra Materials, a CRH Company (Legislative Committee Chair); and past CalAPA Chairman Scott Metcalf with Ergon Asphalt and Emulsions. Capitalizing on a “gamification” trend for in-person educational meetings, audience members during the panel discussion were treated to a unique “Advocacy-Strategy” Bingo game, with Sean Harrigan with the George Reed Companies winning the contest. 32

Gary Houston with Valero, who does double duty as a member of the CalAPA Board of Directors and also a trustee of the association’s charitable arm, the California Asphalt Research & Education (CARE) Foundation, provided an update on the association’s various workforce-enhancement activities. Communications consultant and media personality Jeff Bliss conducted a workshop on crisis communications with a “be prepared” theme. His expertise has been previously featured in CalAPA’s association magazine, as well as on radio and TV. Brief welcoming remarks at the conference were delivered by current CalAPA Chairman Frank Costa with Martin Marietta, and immediate past chairman, Scott Metcalf with Ergon Asphalt & Emulsions, who debuted some

Bob Siefert (right), his wife Lori and their daughters enjoy the Summit at the Summit dinner and entertainment.

Cindy Metcalf (left) with Cody Branch and Nancy Talley of Talley Oil, Inc.

Francesca and Eric Richard, Reed & Graham.

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

Headlining the event’s entertainment was comedian Jeff Applebaum, who kept attendees in stitches with a performance that included plenty of asphalt-industry humor.

Gary Houston, Valero Energy, provided an overview of association and industry initiatives focused on workforce recruitment and development.

Jhony Habbouche, Western Regional Engineer for the Asphalt Institute, presented on how artificial intelligence technologies are disrupting industries across the economy — and how the asphalt industry is no exception. Phil Reader (left), Jordan Reed and Ken Cooper of Reed Family Companies.

Brandon Milar (left) and Ann Milar, CalAPA.

Gianna and Andrew Wojtowicz (left), Aimi Dutra and Eric Emerson of CRH Americas.

impressive asphalt-related “walk on” music and some epic dance moves. In addition to the rich content of the “Summit,” the event included plenty of social and networking opportunities, including a preSummit golf outing, a reception featuring “Dilly-Dalley the Clown,” an award-winning balloon animal “twister,” and a dinner featuring A-list comedian Jeff Applebaum. An MIT grad and engineer, his elevated level of comedy resonated with an audience filled with technical personnel. Coral Richardson pronounced the event “awesome.” Admittedly,

it was her first time attending a CalAPA conference, but the 2026 CalAPA summer intern, a graduate student with UC Davis, nevertheless got to see first-hand how the asphalt industry likes to work hard and play hard, often at the same time. She is now considering the asphalt industry as a possible postgraduation career path. The sponsors of the event were Albina Asphalt, CRH, Ergon Asphalt & Emulsions, Martin Marietta, Mercer-Fraser, Pavement Recycling Systems, the Reed Family Companies, Sully-Miller/ Blue Diamond Materials and Valero Energy.

California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

Jeffrey C. Bliss, communications consultant and broadcast personality, delivered a presentation on effective crisis communications.

An announcement will be made later for the 2027 “Summit at the Summit” to take place at the same location in June, the Hyatt Regency Lake Tahoe Resort. Additional photos of the event are posted on CalAPA’s various social media feeds, including Facebook and LinkedIN. A limited number of sponsorships will be available for the 2027 Summit. For additional information, contact Brandon Milar of CalAPA at (916) 791-5044. CA Russell W. Snyder, CAE, is executive director of the California Asphalt Pavement Association (CalAPA).

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www.tayloresinc.com California Asphalt Magazine • 2026 Environmental Issue

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