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HOLISTIC HOUSING LAB’S

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog Measuring Local Density and Testing Possibilities: 36 Core Samples, 7 Multi-Family Housing Typologies, a Real-Time Neighborhood Design App, 7 Design Considerations for Comfortable Density, 26 Massing Variations for a Two-Acre Block, and 10 Flexible Unit Layouts for Multi-Family Dwellings.

AUTHORS

FOREWORD BY

Karla Sierralta, AIA Brian Strawn, AIA

Allison Arieff

The Holistic Housing Lab is a design-centered research platform dedicated to exploring housing as an interconnected system shaped by people and place.

HOLISTIC HOUSING LAB’S

AUTHORS

FOREWORD BY

Karla Sierralta, AIA Brian Strawn, AIA

Allison Arieff

The Holistic Housing Lab is a design-centered research platform dedicated to exploring housing as an interconnected system shaped by people and place.

AUTHORS Karla Sierralta, AIA / karlais@hawaii.edu Brian Strawn, AIA / bstrawn@hawaii.edu CITATION Sierralta, K., Strawn, B. 2026. Understanding Density Visualization Catalog. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa.. BACKGROUND & ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This manual is a fundamental component of the Holistic Housing Design Toolkit (HHDT) and is based on findings from the Future of Hawai‘i’s Housing (FOHH) research project conducted at the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa (UHM) for the Hawai‘i Public Housing Authority (HPHA). This work was made possible through the generosity and insights of the families interviewed across the Hawaiian archipelago and the close collaboration with the HPHA Executive Director and leadership team. The authors also acknowledge the many external partners, topic experts, advisors, and numerous paid members of the UHM project team, including student assistants, recent graduates, and full-time project staff, whose contributions were essential to this work. For a detailed project team and full acknowledgments, please visit holistichousinglab.org DISCLAIMER The views and opinions expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, the Hawai‘i Public Housing Authority, or any organizations providing support to this work. IMAGE CREDITS All illustrations and diagrams are by the project team unless otherwise noted. All photographs are credited as indicated. Every effort has been made to acknowledge image sources; the authors apologize for any errors or omissions. © 2026 Sierralta & Strawn This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution– NonCommercial–NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), unless otherwise noted. To view a copy of this license, visit creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. 2026 revised edition; originally developed in 2023. This document is intended for educational/non-commercial use.

Contents About

Foreword: Density Done Right

by Allison Arieff Introduction: Exploring Comfortable Density

PART I: MEASURING LOCAL DENSITY 1. What are the densities of the places you are familiar with? Neighborhood Case Studies: From Rural to Urban Neighborhood Case Studies: Along the Rail

2. What are the types of multi-family buildings locals call home? Seven Multi-Family Typologies in Hawai'i

PART II: TESTING POSSIBILITIES 3. Which neighborhood qualities mean the most to you? Real-Time Metrics-Based Urban Design

104

106

4. Which densities, attributes, and amenities will best serve your future neighborhood needs?

116

Ranging from From Low to High Rise and from 50-500 du/acre Seven Design Considerations for Comfortable Density

118

120

Twenty-Six Variations for a 2-Acre Block 124 5. Which layout works best for your household now?

182

A Modular Approach: From Micro-Units to Co-Living 184 Ten Flexible Unit Layouts for Multi-Family Dwellings References

186

200

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit Manuals Holistic Housing Design Framework

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Design Toolkit How-To-Guide

Sorting Cards Imagine Your Community

Case Study Cards

Know Your Density

Plan Your Neighborhood

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Density Alphabet Set

Design Your Home

Household Profile Cards

About The Understanding Density Visualization Catalog presents an overarching approach for exploring comfortable density. The manual is organized in two parts. Part One centers on measuring local density, including the analysis of existing neighborhoods and housing typologies. Part Two presents a series of possibilities at multiple scales of engagement. This document is based on foundational research conducted for the Hawai‘i Public Housing Authority that began with in-home conversations with families on five islands and is informed by lived experience, observation, and research focused on well-being, equity, and everyday life. The Understanding Density Visualization Catalog is intended to: 1. Expand the general understanding of density. 2. Demonstrate possibilities for comfortable density ranging from low to mid to high rise conditions. 3. Inspire walkable, sustainable, and equitable communities in many shapes and sizes that can provide housing for more citizens without compromising vistas, parks, or farmlands. This manual, presented as an illustrated handbook, is a component of the Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, a collection of tools and resources intended to inspire future designs, inform redevelopment processes, and support community engagement activities in the future planning of mixed-income / mixed-finance housing. For more information please visit holistichousinglab.org

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

FOREWORD

Density Done Right by Allison Arieff Allison Arieff is an opinion columnist and editorial writer whose work on cities, design, and architecture has appeared in The San Francisco Chronicle, MIT Technology Review, Dwell magazine, and The New York Times. She has held senior editorial roles at MIT Technology Review and SPUR—an urban planning and policy think tank—and was a founding editor of Dwell. She lectures widely on the built environment and received the AIGA Steven Heller Award for Cultural Commentary in 2018.

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Ni‘ihau

Kaua‘i Moloka‘i O‘ahu

Maui Lāna‘i

Kaho‘olawe

Hawai‘i

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

FOREWORD

Density Done Right by Allison Arieff In any place, by any measure, this would be a formidable challenge. In Hawai’i, perhaps even more so. For a host of reasons — land scarcity, astronomic construction costs, rampant speculative investment, and public resistance to change — have led to an unattainable housing market making housing one of Hawai'i’s most pressing issues. The Holistic Housing Lab has set out to determine how best to create, in partnership with residents, walkable, sustainable and equitable housing. The question is not if Hawai'i needs to embrace greater density but how it can best do so. Suburbs, once designed around community centers, are designed for driving (and parking). Singlefamily homes have gotten larger as family size has gotten smaller. Commutes are longer while the allotted time for friends and family, shorter. The way cities and towns have been designed and planned is in need of a dramatic re-set: walkable, sustainable and equitable neighborhoods for all. Shifting paradigms is no easy feat but people and the planet require a different vision. There are places in Hawai'i where density was poorly planned, and other places where it seems unimaginable. But in talking about density we’re not talking about a one-size-fits-all approach. Designing for density doesn’t have to be ugly or scary. It doesn’t mean the end of green space or freedom to move. And density doesn’t have to mean high-rises; in fact, its best possible expression is in compact, walkable neighborhoods that are good for both people and the planet. So, how do we get there?

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

In no particular order, we need to: De-Mystify Density Often, when the idea of multi-family buildings is brought up in many cities and towns, many can envision only the crowded skylines of places like Manhattan or Hong Kong. But density comes in many forms. We need to do a better job demonstrating that and we can start by disassociating it from tall buildings. Places that are models of walkability -- say Paris or Barcelona or Copenhagen, full of mid-rise multi-family housing and vibrant streets -- have what we might call just enough density. Tall enough to house people comfortably but not so tall to seem imposing or crowded. Design for Sustainability The health of the planet depends on density for a more sustainable future. Sprawling suburbs account for about 50 percent of all household emissions — largely carbon dioxide — in the United States. Dense, urban living contributes less greenhouse-gas emissions per person than other areas of the country yet the suburbs that surround these cities essentially wipe out the climate benefits. There is a direct link between building more infill housing and reducing greenhouse gas emissions; it’s time we stopped ignoring it. The densest counties use the least energy so as we look ahead to a future on course to be irreparably damaged by climate change, we need to plan accordingly. A shift toward more multi-family, mixed-use communities represents a bold move toward combatting climate change. Embrace Intergenerational Living The suburbs were designed for young families with children. Conversely, many cities seem designed solely for singles in their 20s. It’s rare to find places designed not only for different stages of our lives not to mention differing notions of what constitutes a family. Density can help to bring about that shift. Bringing multiple generations together can benefit people of all ages. A useful example is the concept put forth the by the advocacy group 8 80 Cities: “If everything we do in our cities is great for an 8 year old and an 80 year old, then it will be great for all people.” Design for Better Health Understanding the environmental impacts and disparate social/economic/racial impacts of sprawl can illuminate the need to counter them. Low-density living is draining not just on resources but physical and mental health. Larger homes use more resources, typically require longer commutes, come with more expensive utility bills, and often contribute to more sedentary lifestyles (which in turn results in increased rates of conditions like obesity and heart disease). Compact, walkable neighborhoods reduce both greenhouse gases and the need for driving.

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Design for Equity When poorer communities are located in areas of lesser amenities due to lower housing costs, this exacerbates their health problems. It is not enough to think about more housing, we must also rethink the ways we design and plan entire neighborhoods. Access to affordable housing is just one piece of the puzzle. Access to jobs brings more economic opportunity, for example, while access to services and amenities contributes to better health, convenience and well-being. Those who live farther from good city infrastructure and services, typically poorer communities, face greater challenges. Better-planned communities can help mitigate these obstacles. Rethink Parking Key to density done right is thinking beyond housing to what’s around (and under and next to) that housing. If housing is put in close proximity to transit, car dependency decreases which is good for people and the planet. Further, parking spots can add tens of thousands of dollars to each unit of housing. Establishing parking minimums (rather than maximums) means thinking of ways to create the fewest number of spaces within a building, a shift made possible only by the embrace of transit and other mobility options like walking, biking and even scooters. There’s No Substitute for Experience. Arguably the best way to get people to see the value of density is for them to experience a welldesigned, compact, and walkable place for themselves; Unless you experience how and where it works, maintaining the status quo is irresistible. Discovering ways to open up the conversation about density that can work is essential—and is why the Holistic Housing Lab’s efforts are so valuable.

Allison Arieff is currently the Editorial Director of Print at MIT Technology Review. She previously served as the Editorial Director of SPUR, an urban planning and policy think tank, was the founding editor of Dwell Magazine, and was a contributing opinion writer for the New York Times. Allison lectures and writes about cities, design, and architecture, and in 2018, was the recipient of the AIGA Steven Heller Award for Cultural Commentary.

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

INTRODUCTION

Exploring Comfortable Density

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

R ESI D ENT IA L D E N S ITY

P O P U L A TI O N DENSI TY 5,280 feet

O NE ACRE ≈ 208’-9” x 208’-9” = 43,560 square feet

5,280 feet

TYPI CA L SI NGL E LO T

AV E R AG E BLO CK ≈ 300’ x 300’

≈ 50’ x 100’ = 5,000 square feet = 0.12 acres

= 90,000 square feet = 2.06 acres (based on micro-sample study)

O NE S Q U A R E M IL E = 27,878,400 square feet = 640 acres

BU I L DI NG DENSI TY 0.5 FAR

2 stories

1 story

1.0 FAR

NET Includes the building(s) area only 4 stories

2 stories

1 story

4 stories

2 stories

2.0 FAR

8 stories

GRO SS Includes building(s) area and shared public spaces or amenities such as sidewalks and streets

F A R ( F L O O R A R EA R A T IO ) Massing of a building in relationship to the area of the lot.

NOTE: Residential density can be measured in Gross Density and/or Net Density. Depending on the method of measurement utilized, the overall impression of land utilization can vary greatly. Gross density calculations include infrastructural components such as streets, sidewalks and other common areas of the city, while net density calculations are limited to property lines of a particular lot. This research project focuses on net density and attempts to overlap multiple metrics for a more layered and informed understanding of actual use.

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

What is Density? How is it Measured? Density can offer a glimpse into how we occupy and inhabit space within our towns and cities. The term often used to describe the volume, number, or group of elements within a given space. In the built environments, this definition can vary depending on what is being measured or where it is located. Population Density (Neighborhood/Community) In broader terms, "population density" describes the number of people that live on a specific amount of land. In the US, population density is measured in People Per Square Mile and is frequently related to zip code or census tract areas, which vary significantly in scale. Measuring People per Square Mile allows us to compare the intensity of built environments in a particular area and determines if a geographic location is rural or urban. Census Tracts, which are generally smaller than zip code areas, were utilized as the basis for calculating Area Population Density in this study. Averaging localized clusters of census tracts provides a finer-grain look at neighborhood densities. Residential Density (Lot/Block/Building) "Residential density" is often quantified in Dwelling Units per Acre (du/acre) which measures density in terms of how many residential units exist in a particular plot of land, regardless of building mass. Lots or blocks are often measured in acres (one acre is 43,560 sf, and one square mile holds 640 acres). While useful in density comparisons between buildings, this metric does not provide any information on volume, open spaces, amenities, mixed uses, or other supporting infrastructures within the immediate context. Building Density (Lot/Block/Building) Floor Area Ratio (FAR) is another way of measuring density, centered on the volume of buildings. It refers to the amount of built volume per area of land (a ratio calculated by using square feet per floor, height, and percent of coverage of lot area). FAR helps regulate building massing in urban environments and is related to light, air, and open space ratios. FAR does not specify programmatic use and therefore makes it difficult to assess how many people actually live in a particular zone. In order to determine what density is comfortable for a particular place, designers must carefully consider the population and urban fabric of the context at the scales of neighborhoods, lots, blocks, and existing types of buildings.

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

P A R T I: M EA S U R I NG L O CA L D ENSI T Y

D A T A S E TS

TO O L S

N EI GH B O R H O O D CA SE S TU D IE S

KNO W Y O U R DENSI TY

• • • •

Fro m R ur a l t o U r ba n 20 C o r e S a m pl es A cr o s s F i v e I sla n d s Al on g t he R a i l 16 C o r e S a m pl es Nea r T r a ns i t Sta tio n s

M UL T I- F A M IL Y H O U S IN G CA SE S TU D IE S •

Fro m L o w t o H i g h: D ens i t y a nd Bu ild in g T yp es

•

7 M ul t i - F a mi l y H o us i ng T y po l o g ies in H a w a i‘ i

PA R T I I: T ES T IN G PO S S IB IL IT IES

N EI GH B O R H O O D D ESI GN V A R IA TIO N S •

R e a l - T i me, M et r i cs - B a s ed Nei g hb o rh o o d D es ign

•

At t r i but es , 5 C ha r a ct er i s t i cs , a n d Th o u s a n d s 5 o f Co mbi na t i o ns

BL O CK / L O T D ESI GN V A R IA TIO N S •

Fro m L o w t o H i g h- R i s e, F r o m 50 to 500 DU/ Acre

•

7 M a s s i ng S t r a t eg i es f o r H o l i s tic H o u s in g

•

26 V a r i a t i o ns f o r a 2 - A cr e B l o ck

UNI T D ESI GN V A R IA TIO N S

•

Fro m M i cr o - U ni t s t o C o - L i v i ng

•

10 F l ex i bl e U ni t L a y o ut s f o r M u lti- F a mily Dw ellin gs

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

KNO W Y O U R DENSI TY

PLAN YOUR NEI GH BO RH O O D

DENSI TY A L P H A BET SET

DESI GN Y O U R H O ME

Data Sets, Tools & Questions GU ID IN G Q U E S TIO N S

What are the densities of the places you are familiar with?

Examples of density drawn from different neighborhoods and multi-family typologies across five islands create a portrait of existing density in Hawai’i. This allows residents to compare what they may

What are the types of multi-family buildings locals call home?

already be comfortable with. A series of additional studies help visualize future possibilities for neighborhoods, lots, blocks, and units. These studies

Which neighborhood qualities mean the most to you?

present various ideas for what density could be and what residents may be comfortable with in the future. Five guiding questions provide

Which densities, attributes, and amenities will best serve your future neighborhood needs?

starting points for conversations.

What layout works best for your household now?

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Part I Measuring Local Density

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

PART I: MEASURING LOCAL DENSITY

GUIDING QUESTION

1 What are the densities of the places you are familiar with? NEIGHBORHOOD CASE STUDIES

· From Rural to Urban: 20 Core Samples Across Five Islands · Along the Rail: 16 Core Samples Near Transit Stations TOOLS

Know Your Density Cards

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Legend

Untitled Map

Legend Untitled Map

adf Write a description for your map.

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

Legend

Untitled Map

Legend Untitled Map

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

Moloka'i WriteKaunakakai, a description for your map.

Untitled Map

Legend

Untitled Map

Legend Untitled Map

Legend

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

Untitled Map

Legend

Untitled Map

Legend Untitled Map

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

Kapolei, O'ahu

Legend

Untitled Map

Legend Untitled Map

Moloka'i WriteKaunakakai, a description for your map.

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

Kalihi, O'ahu

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

2000 ft

➤ N 2000 ft

Legend Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

➤

Legend Untitled Map

Write a description for your map.

2000 ft

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

Waipahu, O'ahu

2000 ft

Untitled Map

Kaka'ako, O'ahu

Legend

Aiea, O'ahu

2000 ft

N 2000 ft

➤

Legend

Write a description for your map.

2000 ft

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

Mililani, O'ahu

2000 ft

Untitled Map

Kailua, O'ahu

Legend

Wai’anae, O'ahu

2000 ft

➤

Hilo, Hawai'i

Untitled Map

N 2000 ft

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

Waimea, Hawai'i

2000 ft

Write a description for your map.

Kailua-Kona, Hawai'i

Legend

Kahului, Maui

2000 ft

➤

➤ N

Lahaina, Maui

2000 ft

Kapa'a, Kaua'i

➤

Untitled Map

➤

Legend

Write a description for your map.

Untitled Map

Pukalani, Maui

Lihue, Kaua'i

➤

Kilauea, Kaua'i

2000 ft

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

➤

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

Legend

➤

Legend Untitled Map

Write a description for your map.

➤

Untitled Map

Punchbowl, O'ahu

2000 ft

Waikīkī, O'ahu

2000 ft

NEIGHBORHOOD CASE STUDIES

From Rural to Urban This section of the manual illustrates densities for a spectrum of familiar neighborhoods on five of the most populated islands in the Hawaiian Archipelago. The intentionally diverse collection represents a cross-section of settings ranging from rural to urban locations. Data-sheets are organized by island and by population density from lowest to highest. The selected blocks include a variety of building types, such as single-family homes on variously-sized lots, apartment buildings/complexes, and mixed-use structures. Most blocks consist of more than two lots, although in some exceptions a block is a single lot. The data presented alongside the micro-samples includes various density metrics, including people per square mile, dwelling units per acre, and average floor area ratios. The micro-samples are snapshots of existing conditions that exhibit attributes shared across many locations in Hawai‘i. They are intended to serve as a resource for designing comfortable densities for specific contexts.

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Twenty Core Samples Across Five Islands Organized by island and by population density from

PLACE

COU N TY

ISL AND

Kaunakakai

Maui

Moloka'i

Kīlauea

Kaua'i

Līhu'e

Kapa'a

Pukalani

Maui

Lahaina

Kahului

Waimea

Hawai'i

Kailua-Kona

Hilo

Wai'anae

Honolulu

O'ahu

Mililani

Kailua

Kapolei

Aiea

Waipahu

Kaka'ako

Kalihi

Punchbowl

Waikīkīi

lowest to highest. Key density metrics include area Population Density, measured in people per square mile, and Residential Density, measured in dwelling units per acre.

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Z I P CODE

CE NSUS TRACT

AR EA P OPU LATION DE N SITY

SELECTED BLOCK DU PER ACRE

AVERAGE LOT SIZE

AVER AG E FAR

96748

317

6.10

7,137

0.14

96754

401.05

467

5.81

7,495

0.17

96766

405

1,178

6.08

7,544

0.19

96746

403.01

2,299

7.48

5,827

0.26

96768

304.06

2,824

4.41

13,081

0.15

96761

314.05

3,240

9.60

4,536

0.26

96732

319

5,933

5.06

11,769

0.16

96743

217.06

0.08

286,523

0.003

96720

216.06

1,377

7.24

6,016

0.18

96740

205

2,837

3.64

11,411

0.14

96792

98.04

4,775

0.89

52,236

0.03

96789

89.09

8,261

271,582

0.51

96734

112.01

9,857

4.94

9,915

0.19

96707

115

11,200

3,958

0.40

96701

78.08

13,751

7.7

6,282

0.31

96797

87.05

18,576

55.8

6,959

0.98

96813

38.01

26,051

194

94,562

4.79

96816

26,973

11.3

4,820

0.49

96822

34.14

45,078

53.7

7,413

0.75

96815

20.04

51,853

376

19,454

4.82

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

How-To Guide

Island Data Area, population and selected places located on zip code area diagram. Census tracts are not shown for clarity, but can be viewed in detail online using the US Census Demographic Data Map Viewer [https://www.census.gov/library/ visualizations/2021/geo/demographicmapviewer.html]

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Selected Places

Area Population Density

Zip code, census tract,

Average population density

population density and

of census tract areas

surrounding census

surrounding selected

tracts.

block. Measured in people per square mile.

Selected Block Boundary information and Images capture the context and urban fabric for 1/2 mile and 1/4 mile radius walking distances. A zoom of the block shows lots, sidewalks, streets and buildings in more detail.

Block, Lot and Unit Average Metrics Highlighting the average lot size and dwelling units per acre within the block. *Unit Gross Area includes all spaces within the outside faces of the walls. Image Source: Google Earth

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

ISLAND

Moloka‘i

AREA

260 sq. miles POPULATION (2020 Census)

7,369 (West Moloka'i 2,846, Kalawao 82, East Moloka'i 4,441) SELECTED PLACES / ZIP CODE

1. Kaunakakai, 96748

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

M O L O K A ‘I

Kaunakakai

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96748

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 317 Maui County, Population Density 36.2 Surrounding Tracts: 319, 318

SAMPLE BLOCK

Map Bound by Kokio St., Kikipua St., Ala Malama Ave., Kalohi St. Untitled Write a description for your map.

Legend Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

Legend

Untitled Map

adf

Write a description for your map.

➤

N 2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres Square feet Number of Lots Dwelling Units 1 Bedroom Units 2 Bedroom Units 3 Bedroom Units 4+ Bedroom Units

4.7 206,961 30 29 12 13 4

Floor Area Ratio

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

120’ x 60’ 7,200 0.17

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1000 ft

1,015 1.0

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGE

Lot Size (sf)

7,137

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,015 Lanai (sf)** 118 Bedrooms 2.7 Bathrooms 1.3 Main Parking Type Carport Parking (sf)** 591 Number of Stalls 2.0

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

16.6 8.0

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

6.10 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

ISLAND

Kaua‘i 1

AREA

552.2 sq. miles POPULATION (2020 Census)

73,214 (other islands in county not included) SELECTED PLACES / ZIP CODE

1. Kīlauea, 96754 2. Līhu'e, 96766 3. Kapa‘a, 96746

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

KAUA'I

Kīlauea

467

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96754

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 401.05 Kaua'i County, Population Density 104.3 Surrounding Tracts: 401.06

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Kahalou St., Mau St., Keneke St. Legend

Untitled Map

Legend

Untitled Map

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

Write a description for your map.

➤

N 1000 ft

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres Square feet Number of Lots Dwelling Units/block 1 Bedroom Units 2 Bedroom Units 3 Bedroom Units 4+ Bedroom Units Floor Area Ratio

1.89 82,442 11 11 – 1 6 4 0.34

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

73' x 98’ 7,154 0.16

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,276 1.1

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

7,495

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,276 Lanai (sf)** 150 Bedrooms 3.3 Bathrooms 1.7 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 427 Number of Stalls 2.0

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

19.0 10.0

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

5.81 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

KAUA'I

Līhu‘e

1,178

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96766

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 405 Kaua'i County, Population Density 1,049.6 Surrounding Tracts: 404.02

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Uahiapele St., Uluhui St., Puaole St., Umi St. Legend

Untitled Map

Legend

Untitled Map

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

Write a description for your map.

➤

N 1000 ft

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 3.29 Square feet 143,334 Number of Lots 19 Dwelling Units/block 20 1 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units 1 3 Bedroom Units 15 4+ Bedroom Units 4

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

60' x 125’ 7,500 0.17

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,422 1.0

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

0.33

7,544

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,422 Lanai (sf)** 210 Bedrooms 3.3 Bathrooms 2.1 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 331 Number of Stalls 1.4

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

19.8 12.8

Dwelling Units/Acre

6.08 34

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

KAUA'I

Kapa‘a

2,299

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96746

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 403.01 Kaua'i County, Population Density 2,945.2 Surrounding Tracts: 403.02

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Olopua St., Lau-Kea St., Kula Mau'u St., Kahana St. Legend

Untitled Map

Legend

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

➤

N 1000 ft

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 3.75 Square feet 163,163 Number of Lots 28 Dwelling Units/block 28 1 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units – 3 Bedroom Units 22 4+ Bedroom Units 6

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

0.53

60' x 100’ 6,000 0.14

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,532 1.5

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

5,827

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,532 Lanai (sf)** 142 Bedrooms 3.3 Bathrooms 2.5 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 515 Number of Stalls 1.9

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

24.8 19.0

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

7.48 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

ISLAND

Maui

1 3 2

AREA

727 sq. miles POPULATION (2020 Census)

154,018 (other islands in county not included) SELECTED PLACES / ZIP CODE

1. Lahaina, 96761 2. Pukalani, 96768 3. Kahului, 96792

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

MAUI

Pukalani

2,824

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96768

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 304.06 Maui County, Population Density 2,823.9

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Iolani St., Alohilani St., Hololani St. Legend

Untitled Map

Legend

Untitled Map

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

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➤

N 1000 ft

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 3.4 Square feet 170,051 Number of Lots 13 Dwelling Units/block 15 1 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units 2 3 Bedroom Units 2 4+ Bedroom Units 11

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

0.29

151' x 75’ 11,325 0.26

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

2,012 1.3

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

13,081

Dwelling Units Area (sf) 2,012 Lanai (sf)** 199 Bedrooms 3.3 Bathrooms 2.3 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 396 Number of Stalls 1.7

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

14.4 10.0

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

4.41 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

MAUI

Lahaina

3,240

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96761

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 314.05 Maui County, Population Density 945.9 Surrounding Tracts: 314.04

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Kamamalu St., Puiki Pl., Aki St., Kopili St. Legend

Untitled Map

Legend

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

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➤

N 1000 ft

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres Square feet Number of Lots Dwelling Units/block 1 Bedroom Units 2 Bedroom Units 3 Bedroom Units 4+ Bedroom Units Floor Area Ratio

0.83 36,286 8 8 – 2 3 3

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

58' x 80’ 4,640 0.12

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,164 1.3

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

0.50

4,536

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,164 Lanai (sf)** 49 Bedrooms 3.3 Bathrooms 1.6 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 327 Number of Stalls 1.5

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

31.2 15.6

Dwelling Units/Acre

9.60 38

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

MAUI

Kahului

5,933

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96732

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 319 Maui County, Population Density 247.6 Surrounding Tracts: 309.01/02/03, 310.01/02, 311.02/04/05/06/07

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Uhu St., Pohaku St., Molokai Akau St., Waikala St. Legend

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Legend

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

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➤

N 1000 ft

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 5.13 Square feet 223,607 Number of Lots 19 Dwelling Units/block 26 1 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units 9 3 Bedroom Units 13 4+ Bedroom Units 4

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

0.28

79' x 141’ 11,139 0.27

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,839 1.1

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

11,769

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,839 Lanai (sf)** 174 Bedrooms 2.9 Bathrooms 1.6 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 285 Number of Stalls 1.2

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

14.6 8.1

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

5.06 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

ISLAND

Hawai‘i

AREA

5,087 sq. miles POPULATION (2020 Census)

200,629 SELECTED PLACES / ZIP CODE

1. Waimea, 96743 2. Kailua-Kona, 96740 3. Hilo, 96720

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

H A WA I' I

Waimea

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96743

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 217.06 Hawai'i County, Population Density 23.06

Untitled Map

Surrounding Tracts: 217.05, 217.07

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SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Pualahilahi Alanui St., Pa'Eli Alanui, Uakikoni Alanui, Ainahua Alanui St. Legend

Untitled Map

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

Write a description for your map.

➤

N 2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 131 Square feet 5,730,450 Number of Lots 20 Dwelling Units/block 11 1 Bedroom Units 3 2 Bedroom Units 3 3 Bedroom Units 5 4+ Bedroom Units –

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

0.008

220' x 990’ 217,800 5.00

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,522 1.1

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

286,523

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,522 Lanai (sf)** 257 Bedrooms 2.2 Bathrooms 1.8 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 752 Number of Stalls 3.4

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

0.18 0.15

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

0.08 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

H A WA I' I

Kailua-Kona

1,377

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96740

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 216.06 Hawai'i County, Population Density 1,615.3 Surrounding Tracts: 215.04/10/11/12, 216.05/06/07/08

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by West Kakalina Pl., Aloha Kona Dr., Kini Loop, Kawena St., E Kawena Pl. Legend

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Legend

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

➤

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1000 ft

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 5.77 Square feet 251,044 Number of Lots 22 Dwelling Units/block 21 1 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units 1 3 Bedroom Units 20 4+ Bedroom Units –

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

74' x 106’ 7,844 0.18

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,647 1.1

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

0.26

11,411

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,647 Lanai (sf)** 319 Bedrooms 3.0 Bathrooms 2.2 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 448 Number of Stalls 1.8

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

10.8 8.16

Dwelling Units/Acre

3.64 42

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

H A WA I' I

Hilo

2,837

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96720

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 205 Hawai'i County, Population Density 2,526.7 Surrounding Tracts: 203, 204, 207.01/02, 208.2

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Hoopuni Way, Iloko St., Kumukoa St., Hilinai St. Legend

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Legend

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

➤

N 1000 ft

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 4.56 Square feet 198,521 Number of Lots 33 Dwelling Units/block 33 1 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units – 3 Bedroom Units 31 4+ Bedroom Units 2

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

0.38

60' x 100’ 6,000 0.13

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,072 1.0

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

6,016

Dwelling Unit Area Lanai (sf)** Bedrooms Bathrooms Main Parking Type Parking/Unit (sf) Number of Stalls

1,072 179 3.0 1.2 Carport 257 1.1

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

22.1 8.34

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

7.24 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

ISLAND

O‘ahu

3 1 4

7 2

9 8 10

AREA

597 sq. miles POPULATION (2020 Census)

1,016,508 SELECTED PLACES / ZIP CODE

1. Waianae, 96792 2. Kapolei, 96707 3. Mililani, 96789 4. Waipahu, 96797 5. Aiea, 96701 6. Kailua, 96734 7. Kalihi, 96819 8. Punchbowl, 96822 9. Kaka‘ako, 96813 10. Waikiki, 96815

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

O'AHU

Wai‘anae/Mākaha

4,775

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96792

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 98.04, Population Density 5,261.9 Surrounding Tracts: 96.09/10, 97.04/05/06/07, 98.03

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Noholio Rd., Mākaha Valley Rd., Kaulawaha Rd., Jade St. Legend

Untitled Map

Legend

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

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➤

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1000 ft

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 39.5 Square feet 1,723,795 Number of Lots 33 Dwelling Units/block 34 1 Bedroom Units 1 2 Bedroom Units 4 3 Bedroom Units 18 4+ Bedroom Units 11

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

0.07

128' x 341' 43,648 1.0

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,960 1.0

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

52,236

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,960 Lanai (sf)** 171 Bedrooms 3.4 Bathrooms 1.7 Main Parking Type Carport Parking/Unit (sf) 465 Number of Stalls 2.0

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre Dwelling Units/Acre

2.99 1.53

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

0.86 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

O'AHU

Mililani

8,261

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96789

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 89.09, Population Density 9,851.2 Surrounding Tracts: 89.06/17/18/28/29/30/32/41/42/43/44

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound on the North and West by Hokuahiahi St., Meheula Pkwy. Legend

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Legend

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

➤

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

BLOCK / LOT

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

Acres 5.0 Square feet 217,582 Number of Lots 1 Dwelling Units/block 118 1 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units 118 3 Bedroom Units – 4+ Bedroom Units –

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

1000 ft

0.57

BUILDING AVERAGES

500' x 435' 217,500 5.00

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

13,912 3.3

UNIT AVERAGES

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) Lanai (sf)** Bedrooms Bathrooms Main Parking Type Parking/Unit (sf) Number of Stalls

786 50 2.0 1.0 Stalls 225 1.0

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

47.2 23.6

Dwelling Units/Acre

23.6 46

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area + Entire block is a single lot, metrics for the block and lot are combined

O ' A HU

Kailua

9,857

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96734

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 112.01, Population Density 4,870 Surrounding Tracts: 109.03/04/05, 111.05

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by N Kalaheo Ave., Ainoni St., N Kainalu Dr., Uilama St. Legend

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

➤

N 1000 ft

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 5.69 Square feet 247,963 Number of Lots 25 Dwelling Units/block 28 1 Bedroom Units 1 2 Bedroom Units 4 3 Bedroom Units 12 4+ Bedroom Units 11

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

0.32

65' x 155' 10,075 0.23

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,874 1.3

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

9,915

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,874 Lanai (sf)** 250 Bedrooms 3.4 Bathrooms 2.4 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 374 Number of Stalls 1.6

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

16.7 11.6

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

4.92 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

O'AHU

Kapolei

11,200

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96707

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 115, Population Density 6,514.9 Surrounding Tracts: 86.23/28/29

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Kamaaha Ave., Maulihiwa St., Wahipana St., Lanakoi St. Legend

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

➤

2 N

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1000 ft

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres Square feet Number of Lots Dwelling Units/block 1 Bedroom Units 2 Bedroom Units 3 Bedroom Units 4+ Bedroom Units Floor Area Ratio

1.45 63,330 16 16 0 0 8 8

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

50' x 70' 3,500 0.08

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,583 1.9

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

0.75

3,958

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,583 Lanai (sf)** 54 Bedrooms 3.5 Bathrooms 2.4 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 398 Number of Stalls 2.0

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

38.5 26.8

Dwelling Units/Acre

11.0 48

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

O'AHU

Aiea

13,751

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96701

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 78.08, Population Density 8,131.4 Surrounding Tracts: 77.01, 78.07, 80.01/02

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Pahemo St., Kanuku St., Li'i Ipo St., Hekala St. Legend

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Legend

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

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➤

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1000 ft

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 4.18 Square feet 182,185 Number of Lots 29 Dwelling Units/block 32 1 Bedroom Units 1 2 Bedroom Units 3 3 Bedroom Units 13 4+ Bedroom Units 15

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

0.51

60' x 100' 6,000 0.14

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,944 1.2

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

6,282

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,944 Lanai (sf)** 184 Bedrooms 4.3 Bathrooms 2.5 Main Parking Type Carport Parking/Unit (sf) 431 Number of Stalls 1.8

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

33.2 18.8

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

7.7 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

O'AHU

Waipahu

18,576

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96797

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 87.05, Population Density 13,188.5 Surrounding Tracts: 87.02/07, 88.01/02, 89.12/13/37/38

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Pupunohe St., Pupupuhi St., Pupukani St., Pupumomi St. Legend

Untitled Map

Legend

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

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➤

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1000 ft

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 2.76 Square feet 118,309 Number of Lots 17 Dwelling Units/block 154 1 Bedroom Units 2 Bedroom Units 3 Bedroom Units 4+ Bedroom Units -

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

56' x 90' 5,040 0.12

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

8,824 2.4

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

1.35

6,959

Dwelling Unit Area Lanai (sf)** Bedrooms Bathrooms Main Parking Type Number of Stalls Parking/Unit (sf)

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

Dwelling Units/Acre

55.8 50

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area +No data found for individual units

O'AHU

Kaka‘ako

26,051

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96813

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 38.01, Population Density 14,548.5 Surrounding Tracts: 35.01, 37.02, 38.02, 41.02

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Halekauwila St., Keawe St., Pohukaina St., South St. Legend

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

➤

9 N

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1000 ft

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 3.73 Square feet 162,617 Number of Lots 2 Dwelling Units/block 580 Studio Units 51 1 Bedroom Units 184 2 Bedroom Units 289 3 Bedroom Units 56

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

7.42

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

256 238

240' x 380' 91,200 2.09

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

265,282 25

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

81,309

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 785 Lanai (sf)** 46 Bedrooms 1.6 Bathrooms 1.5 Main Parking Type Structure Parking/Unit (sf) 410 Number of Stalls 1.2

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

155 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

O'AHU

Kalihi

26,973

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96816

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 60, Population Density 20,491.7 Surrounding Tracts: 56.02, 58, 61, 62.02/03

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Ahuula St., Kalihi St., Kaumuali St. Mokauea St. Legend

Untitled Map

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

➤

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1000 ft

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 3.21 Square feet 139,960 Number of Lots 29 Dwelling Units/block 36 1 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units 7 3 Bedroom Units 10 4+ Bedroom Units 19

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

50' x 100' 5,000 0.11

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

2,336 1.2

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

0.74

4,820

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 2,336 Lanai (sf)** 105 Bedrooms 4.6 Bathrooms 2.2 Main Parking Type Carport Parking/Unit (sf) 615 Number of Stalls 2.6

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

51.7 24.9

Dwelling Units/Acre

11.2 52

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

O'AHU

Punchbowl

45,078

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96822

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 34.14, Population Density 42,534.8 Surrounding Tracts: 34.04/08/09/10, 35.03/04

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Nehoa St., Poki St., Dominis St., Anapuni St. Legend

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Legend

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

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Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

➤

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1000 ft

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 2.55 Square feet 111,195 Number of Lots 15 Dwelling Units/block+ 137 1 Bedroom Units 92 2 Bedroom Units 15 3 Bedroom Units 5 4+ Bedroom Units 1

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

1.04

65' x 76' 4,940 0.11

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

5,583 2.9

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

7,413

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 635 Lanai (sf)** 115 Bedrooms+ 1.3 Bathrooms+ 1.1 Main Parking Type Structure Parking/Unit (sf) 316 Number of Stalls 1.0

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre+ Bathrooms/Acre+ Dwelling Units/Acre

53.7

66.7 56.6

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area +No bed/bath data found for some individual units, and were excluded in calculations to prevent skewed metrics.

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

O'AHU

Waikīkī

51,853

Area Population Density

Zip Code: 96815

People per Square Mile

Census Tract: 20.04, Population Density 22,791.6 Surrounding Tracts: 18.01/03/04,19.05/06/07, 20.03/04/05/06

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Ala Wai Blvd., Walina St., Kūhiō Ave., Nahuna St. Legend

Untitled Map

Legend

Untitled Map

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i Write a description for your map.

Kaunakakai, Moloka'i

➤

Write a description for your map.

2000 ft

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1000 ft

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 3.57 Square feet 155,631 Number of Lots 8 Dwelling Units/block+ 722 1 Bedroom Units 248 2 Bedroom Units 118 3 Bedroom Units 184 4+ Bedroom Units 7

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

214' x 100' 21,400 0.49

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

93,672 9.6

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

6.88

19,454

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 660 Lanai (sf)+** 96 Bedrooms+ 1.1 Bathrooms+ 1.3 Main Parking Type Structure Parking/Unit (sf) 373 Number of Stalls 1.1

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre+ Bathrooms/Acre+

338.8 390.1

Dwelling Units/Acre

275 54

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area +No bed/bath data found for some individual units, and were excluded in calculations to prevent skewed metrics. Resort/ Hotel units were not included and not counted as a dwelling unit, however included in FAR.

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Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

STATIONS

1. Kualaka'i / East-Kapolei 2. Keone'ae / UH West Oahu* 3. Honouliuli / Ho'opili* 4. Hō'ae'ae / West Loch 5. Pouhala / Waipahu Transit Center 6. Hālaulani / Leeward Community College 7. Waiawa / Pearl Highlands 8. Kalauao / Pearlridge 9. Hālawa / Aloha Stadium 10. Makalapa / Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam** 11. Lelepaua / Honolulu Int Airport** 12. Āhua / Lagoon Drive** 13. Kahauiki / Middle Street 14. Mokauea / Kalihi 15. Niuhelewai / Hnl CC-Kāpalama

16. Kūwili / Iwilei 17. Hōalu / Chinatown 18. Kuloloia / Downtown 19. Ka'ākaukukui / Civic Center 20. Kukuluae'o / Kaka’ako 21. Kālia / Ala Moana Center

4 9 3 2 10 1 11

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

PREDOMINANT RESIDENTIAL BLOCKS Single family house on typical lot ≈ 5000 sf = 0.12 acres du/acre = 8.33 Average number of lots on a block ≈ 22

Currently agricultural land - no residential developments for study.

** Limited or restricted information due to partial or total military designation. Sample Block

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Average sample large block ≈ 2.50 acres Average du/acre ≈ 184 The lot is usually the block.

NEIGHBORHOOD CASE STUDIES

Along the Rail The Honolulu Rail Transit Project is scheduled to be complete by 2025. The light rail route is planned to connect 21 stations across O‘ahu from East Kapolei to Ala Moana Center. This infrastructure is intended to spark new development in the areas surrounding each station, providing more housing in higher density, mixed-use, walkable communities. This section analyzes sixteen core samples of the existing built environment along the rail in order to inform how new developments can be woven into more established neighborhoods or serve as catalytic anchors for emerging communities.

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Sixteen Core Samples Near Transit Stations Density metrics along HART stations include Population Density per Census Tract measured in people per square mile and Residential Density, measured in dwelling units per acre.

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

STATION

Typical Residential Lots ≈ 5000 sf 1

Kualaka'i / East-Kapolei (#1)

Hō'ae'ae / West Loch (#4)

Pouhala / Waipahu Transit Center (#5)

Hālaulani / Leeward Community College (#6)

Waiawa / Pearl Highlands (#7)

Kalauao / Pearlridge (#8)

Hālawa / Aloha Stadium (#9)

Kahauiki / Middle Street (#13)

Mokauea / Kalihi (#14)

Typical Large Blocks ≈ 2.5 acres

Niuhelewai / Hnl CC-Kāpalam (#15)

Kūwili / Iwilei (#16)

Hōalu / Chinatown (#17)

Kuloloia / Downtown (#18)

Ka'ākaukukui / Civic Center (#19)

Kukuluae'o / Kaka’ako (#20)

Kālia / Ala Moana Center (#21)

Z IP C ODE

CE NSUS TRACT

AR EA P OPU LATION DE N SITY

SELECTED BLOCK AVERAGES DU PER ACRE

LOT ACRES

FLOOR AREA RAT I O

96748

86.23

7,908

8.24

0.12

0.30

96754

89.13

13,973

6.32

0.16

0.30

96766

87.02

13,778

7.68

0.14

0.3

96746

87.07

11,873

7.04

0.14

0.27

96768

80.08

8,213

5.90

0.19

0.30

96761

78.08

10,548

9.60

0.14

0.34

96732

75.04

6,158

5.06

0.12

0.35

96743

14,295

0.08

0.06

0.46

96720

14,295

7.24

0.10

0.53

96740

14,033

3.64

1.33

1.30

96792

21,373

0.89

2.14

1.70

96789

42.01

39,759

5.08

2.93

96734

35,412

4.94

1.56

4.26

96707

38.01

21,275

2.17

3.99

96701

38.01

21,275

7.7

1.19

5.72

96797

36.06

25,233

55.8

4.58

3.76

* Average lot size o r block size when lot an d block are the same.

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

How-To Guide

Station Name Neighborhood and zip code

Location Diagram of HART stations

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Area Population Density Average population density of census tract areas surrounding selected block. Measured in people per square mile.

Selected Block Boundary information and images capture the context and urban fabric for 1/2 mile and 1/4 mile radius walking distances. A zoom of the block shows lots, sidewalks, streets and buildings in more detail.

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Kualaka‘i (#1)

7,908

Area Population Density

East Kapolei

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Kapolei (96707) Census Tract: 86.23

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Kaneoneo St., Keali'iahonui St., Kuma'aiku St., Kinoiki St.

4 9

3 2

Station

10 1 11

14 15 16 17 18 19

20 1/2 mile radius 21 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 3.39 Square feet 147,810 Number of Lots 28 Dwelling Units/block 28 1 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units 1 3 Bedroom Units 6 4+ Bedroom Units 21

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

100' x 50' 5,000 0.11

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,579 1.63

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

0.44

5,279

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,579 Lanai (sf)** 163 Bedrooms/Unit 4.0 Bathrooms/Unit 2.8 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 491 Number of Stalls 2.0

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

33.0 23.3

Dwelling Units/Acre

8.24 62

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Hō‘ae‘ae (#4)

13,973

Area Population Density

West Loch

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Waipahu (96797) Census Tract: 89.13

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Loaa St., Hoaee St., Haaa St.

4 9

3 2

Station

10 1 11

14 15 16 17 18 19

20 1/2 mile radius 21 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 4.27 Square feet 185,999 Dwelling Units/block 27 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units – 3 Bedroom Units 8 4+ Bedroom Units 19

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

0.52

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

31.9 17.3

107' x 58' 6,206 0.14

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

2,053 1.30

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

6,889

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 2,053 Lanai (sf)** 304 Bedrooms/Unit 5.0 Bathrooms/Unit 2.7 Main Parking Type Carport Parking/Unit (sf) 402 Number of Stalls 1.6 * Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

6.32 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Pouhala (#5)

13,778

Area Population Density

Waipahu Transit Center

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Waipahu (96797) Census Tract: 87.02

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Awanei St., Mokuahi St., Awalau St.

4 9 3 2

Station

10 1 11

14 15 16 17 18 19

20 1/2 mile radius 21 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres Square feet Number of Lots Dwelling Units/block 1 Bedroom Units 2 Bedroom Units 3 Bedroom Units 4+ Bedroom Units Floor Area Ratio

2.08 90,550 15 16 – 2 6 8

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

65' x 95' 6,175 0.14

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,873 1.3

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

0.54

6,037

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,873 Lanai (sf)** 113 Bedrooms/Unit 4.2 Bathrooms/Unit 2.0 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 392 Number of Stalls 1.7

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

32.4 15.4

Dwelling Units/Acre

7.68 64

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

11,873

Hālaulani (#6)

Area Population Density

Leeward Community College

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Waipahu (96797) Census Tract: 87.07

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Kahuanani St., Kahualena St., Kahuahele St., Kahuaaina St.

Block

4 9

3 2

Station

10 1 11

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 2.84 Square feet 123,666 Number of Lots 20 Dwelling Units/block 20 1 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units – 3 Bedroom Units 5 4+ Bedroom Units 15

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

0.48

66' x 94' 6,204 0.14

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,799 1.2

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

6,183

Dwelling Units Area (sf) 1,799 Lanai (sf)** 199 Bedrooms/Unit 4.8 Bathrooms/Unit 2.6 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 444 Number of Stalls 1.6

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

33.5 18.7

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

7.05 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Waiawa (#7)

8,213

Area Population Density

Pearl Highlands

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Pearl City (96782) Census Tract: 80.08

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Palekaiko St., Kaukaka St., Hooli Cir.

Block

4 9 3 2

Station

10 1 11

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 2.71 Square feet 118,207 Number of Lots 14 Dwelling Units/block 16 1 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units – 3 Bedroom Units – 4+ Bedroom Units 16

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

69' x 115' 7,935 0.18

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

2,512 1.3

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

0.48

8,443

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 2,512 Lanai (sf)** 294 Bedrooms/Unit 5.6 Bathrooms/Unit 3.4 Main Parking Type Carport Parking/Unit (sf) 546 Number of Stalls 1.8

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

33.2 20.2

Dwelling Units/Acre

5.90 66

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Kalauao (#8)

10,548

Area Population Density

Pearlridge

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Aiea (96701) Census Tract: 78.08

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Pahemo St., Kanuku St., Li'i Ipo St., Hekaha St.

4 9

3 2

Station

10 1 11

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 4.18 Square feet 182,185 Number of Lot 29 Dwelling Units/block 32 1 Bedroom Units 1 2 Bedroom Units 4 3 Bedroom Units 14 4+ Bedroom Units 13

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

0.47

60' x 100' 6,000 0.14

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,682 1.2

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

6,282

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,682 Lanai (sf)** 224 Bedrooms/Unit 3.8 Bathrooms/Unit 2.1 Main Parking Type Carport Parking/Unit (sf) 298 Number of Stalls 1.2

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

28.7 15.8

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

7.65 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Hālawa (#9)

6,158

Area Population Density

Aloha Stadium

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Aiea (96701) Census Tract: 75.04

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Ohenana Loop, Kalaloa St.

4 9 3 2

Station

10 1 11

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 3.43 Square feet 149,565 Number of Lots 27 Dwelling Units/block 27 1 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units 2 3 Bedroom Units 11 4+ Bedroom Units 14

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

50' x 100' 5,000 0.11

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,902 1.4

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

0.59

5,539

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,902 Lanai (sf)** 240 Bedrooms/Unit 4.2 Bathrooms/Unit 2.7 Main Parking Type Garage Parking/Unit (sf) 413 Number of Stalls 1.6

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

32.6 21.3

Dwelling Units/Acre

7.86 68

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Kahauiki (#13)

14,295

Area Population Density

Middle Street

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Kalihi-Pālama (96819) Census Tract: 60

SAMPLE BLOCK

6 5

Bound by Gulick Ave., Stanley St., Kopke St., Wilcox Ln.

4 9

Station

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres Square feet Number of Lots Dwelling Units/block 1 Bedroom Units 2 Bedroom Units 3 Bedroom Units 4+ Bedroom Units Floor Area Ratio

1.43 62,355 23 14 – – 4 10 1.36

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

35' x 79' 2,765 0.06

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

1,2567 1.53

UNIT AVERAGES+ AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

2,711

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 1,257 Lanai (sf)** 70 Bedrooms/Unit 4.3 Bathrooms/Unit 1.7 Main Parking Type Carport Parking/Unit (sf) 231 Number of Stalls 0.9

AVERAGES+

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

65.2 26.1

Dwelling Units/Acre

15.22

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area +No bed/bath data found for some individual units, and were excluded in calculations to prevent skewed metrics.

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Mokauea (#14)

14,295

Area Population Density

Kalihi

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Kalihi-Pālama (96819) Census Tract: 60

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Ahuula St., Mokuakea St., Kaumualii St., Puuhale Rd.

Station

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 2.86 Square feet 123,879 Number of Lots 28 Dwelling Units/block 35 1 Bedroom Units – 2 Bedroom Units 2 3 Bedroom Units 3 4+ Bedroom Units 30

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

100' x 50' 5,000 0.11

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

2,460 1.7

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

0.85

4,424

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 2,460 Lanai (sf)** 108 Bedrooms/Unit 5.6 Bathrooms/Unit 2.3 Main Parking Type Carport Parking/Unit (sf) 396 Number of Stalls 1.9

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

69.0 28.5

Dwelling Units/Acre

12.25 70

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Niuhelewai (#15)

14,033

Area Population Density

Honolulu CC / Kapālama

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Kalihi-Pālama (96817) Census Tract: 58

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by McNeill St., Waiakamilo Rd., Kaumualii St.

Station

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

AVERAGES

Acres 5.30 Square feet 230,965 Number of Lots 4 Dwelling Units/block 264 1 Bedroom Units 35 2 Bedroom Units 229 3 Bedroom Units – 4+ Bedroom Units –

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

0.96

190' x 284' 53,960 1.24

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

43,517 3.0

AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

57,741

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 659 Lanai (sf)** 47 Bedrooms/Unit 1.9 Bathrooms/Unit 1.0 Main Parking Type Uncovered Parking/Unit (sf) 260 Number of Stalls 1.0

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

93.0 49.8

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

49.79 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Kūwili (#16)

21,373

Area Population Density

Iwilei

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Chinatown (96817) Census Tract: 57

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Iwilei Rd., N King St., River St., N Nimitz Hwy.

Station

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK / LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

Acres Square feet Number of Lots Dwelling Units/block 1 Bedroom Units 2 Bedroom Units 3 Bedroom Units 4+ Bedroom Units Floor Area Ratio

SAMPLE

2.14 93,384 1 251 116 135

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

BUILDING AVERAGES

374' x 250' 93,500 2.15

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

159,060 23

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

3.84

93,384

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 634 Lanai (sf)** 43.1 Bedrooms/Unit 1.5 Bathrooms/Unit 1.4 Main Parking Type Structure Parking/Unit (sf) 408 Number of Stalls 1.6

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

180 159

Dwelling Units/Acre

117 72

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Hōalu (#17)

39,759

Area Population Density

Chinatown

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Chinatown (96813) Census Tract: 42.01

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by S Kukui St., Fort St., N Beretania St., Nuuanu Ave.

Station

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

BLOCK / LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

Acres 5.08 Square feet 221,450 Number of Lots 1 Dwelling Units/block 908 1 Bedroom Units 666 2 Bedroom Units 181 3 Bedroom Units 61 4+ Bedroom Units –

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

6.42

BUILDING AVERAGES

500' x 443' 221,500 5.08

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

649,624 32

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

221,450

Dwelling Unit Area 715 Lanai (sf)** 19.8 Bedrooms/Unit 1.3 Bathrooms/Unit 1.0 Main Parking Type Structure Parking/Unit (sf) 127 Number of Stalls 1.0

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

238 191

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

178 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Kuloloia (#18)

35,412

Area Population Density

Downtown

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Downtown (96813) Census Tract: 40

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Alakea St. Queen St., Richards St., Ala Moana Blvd.

Station

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres Square feet Number of Lots Dwelling Units/block 1 Bedroom Units 2 Bedroom Units 3 Bedroom Units 4+ Bedroom Units Floor Area Ratio

1.79 77,828 2 370 125 245 – –

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

322' x 211' 67,942 1.56

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

289,450 12

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

6.42

38,914

Dwelling Unit Area 782 Lanai (sf)** 130 Bedrooms/Unit 1.7 Bathrooms/Unit 1.7 Main Parking Type Structure Parking/Unit (sf) 142 Number of Stalls 0.6

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

344 344

Dwelling Units/Acre

207 74

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Ka‘ākaukukui (#19)

21,275

Area Population Density

Civic Center

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Kaka‘ako (96813) Census Tract: 38.01

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by South St., Halekauwila St., Keawe St., Pohukaina St.

Station

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 3.73 Square feet 162,617 Number of Lots 2 Dwelling Units/block 631 Studio Units 51 1 Bedroom Units 217 2 Bedroom Units 307 3 Bedroom Units 56

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

10.17

249' x 380' 94,620 2.17

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

240,660 25

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

81,309

Dwelling Unit Area (sf) 763 Lanai (sf)** 63 Bedrooms/Unit 1.8 Bathrooms/Unit 1.7 Main Parking Type Structure Parking/Unit (sf) 398 Number of Stalls 1.6

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

354 337

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area

Dwelling Units/Acre

169 Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Kukuluae‘o (#20)

21,275

Area Population Density

Kaka'ako

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Kaka‘ako (96813) Census Tract: 38.01

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Ilaniwai St., Ward Ave., Halekauwila St., Kamani St.

Station

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK / LOT

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres Square feet Number of Lots Dwelling Units/block 1 Bedroom Units 2 Bedroom Units 3 Bedroom Units 4+ Bedroom Units

1.19 51,768 1 424 157 187 80 –

Floor Area Ratio

12.67

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

248' x 209' 51,832 1.19

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

296,215 34

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

51,798

Dwelling Unit Area 699 Lanai (sf)** 0.00 Bedrooms/Unit 1.8 Bathrooms/Unit 1.6 Main Parking Type Structure Parking/Unit (sf) 287 Number of Stalls 1.1

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre

649 582

Dwelling Units/Acre

357 76

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area + Entire block is a single lot, metrics for the block may not accurately represent surrounding area

Kālia (#21)

25,233

Area Population Density

Ala Moana Center

People per Square Mile

Neighborhood: Ala Moana (96814) Census Tract: 36.06

SAMPLE BLOCK

Bound by Kamaile St., Piikoi St., Kapiolani Blvd., Pensacola St.

Station

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1/2 mile radius 10 minute walk

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

BLOCK / LOT

LOT

BUILDING / UNIT

TOTALS

SAMPLE

BUILDING AVERAGES

Acres 4.58 Square feet 199,440 Number of Lots 1 Dwelling Units/block 712 1 Bedroom Units 82 2 Bedroom Units 466 3 Bedroom Units 164 4+ Bedroom Units –

Lot Dimension Lot Size (sf) Acres

Floor Area Ratio

6.96

499' x 400' 199,440 4.58

Building Area (sf)* Number of Stories

752,878 45

UNIT AVERAGES AVERAGES

Lot Size (sf)

199,440

Dwelling Unit Area 1,057 Lanai (sf)** 41 Bedrooms/Unit 2.1 Bathrooms/Unit 1.9 Main Parking Type Structure Parking/Unit (sf) 270 Number of Stalls 1.7

AVERAGES

Bedrooms/Acre Bathrooms/Acre Dwelling Units/Acre

155

329 295

* Gross ** Not included in Building Area + Entire block is a single lot, metrics for the block may not accurately represent surrounding area

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Single family house on typical lot ≈ 5000 sf = 0.12 acres Du/acre = 8.33 Average number of lots on a block ≈ 22 T YPI C A L L O T S

Kualaka‘i

Keone‘ae

Honouliuli

East Kapolei

UH West Oahu

Ho‘opili

Hō‘ae‘ae

Pouhala

Hālaulani

West Loch

Waipahu Transit Center

Leeward CC

Waiawa

Kalauao

Pearl Highlands

Pearlridge

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Hālawa

Makalapa

Lelepaua

Halawa

Pearl Harbor**

Honolulu Int Airport**

Āhua

Kahauiki

Mokauea

Lagoon Drive** Middle Street

Kalihi

Average sample large block ≈ 2.50 acres Average du/acre ≈ 184 The lot is often the same as the block. LARGE BLOCK S

Niuhelewai

Kūwili

Kapalama

Iwilei

Hōlau

Kuloloia

Chinatown

Downtown

Ka‘ākaukukui

Kālia

Kukuluae‘o

Civic Center

Kaka’ako

Ala Moana

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PART I: MEASURING LOCAL DENSITY

GUIDING QUESTION

2 What are the types of multifamily buildings locals call home? MULTIFAMILY HOUSING CASE STUDIES

· F rom Low to High: 7 Multi-Family Typologies in Hawai'i TOOLS

Know Your Density Cards

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01

Single Family

Low-rise

1-4 Stories

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Mid-rise

High-rise

5-12 Stories

13-40 Stories

MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING CASE STUDIES

From Low to High: Density & Building Types Honolulu is the fourth densest city in the US, with 11,548 people per square mile. The city’s 953,207 residents live on only 600 square miles of territory. Many residents already live in highly dense urban fabric. This section presents seven examples of existing high-density multi-family housing across Hawai'i. These case studies range from low to high rise and offer a glimpse into the existing stock of multi-family residential buildings distributed across many of Hawai'i's communities.

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

Seven Multi-Family Housing Typologies in Hawai'i Typologies range

TYPOLOGY

STREET ADDRESS

0 Single Family Residence

Various

1 Low-rise Walk-up

University Ave

2 Low-rise Apartments

Pualei Circle

3 Mid-rise Tower

Kapahulu Avenue

4 Mid-rise Mixed Towers

Prospect Street

5 Mid-rise Courtyard

Keawe Street

6 High-rise Tower

Victoria Street

7 High-rise Podium Tower

Auahi Street

from low to high rise and from 28 - 287 dwelling units per acre.

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YEAR BUILT

LOT ARE A ( SF )

BUILDIN G ARE A (SF)

DWELLIN G U N ITS

FLOOR AREA RATIO

DWE LLI NG UNITS PER AC R E

5,000

8.33

1970

4,995

6,455

1.97

113.34

1963

88,013

43,792

0.55

28.20

1971

41,712

55,207

2.46

74.14

1970

57,243

97,564

109

8.81

82.95

2017

68,055

103,797

209

3.60

133.78

1961

30,000

124,691

198

7.56

287.50

2018

89,882

447,065

317

9.37

153.63

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

How-To Guide

Plan Diagrams of typical residential floor plans showing unit orientation.

Typology Organized from low to high rise Location, Year, Size Census tract and specific dimensions are listed Dwelling Units per Acre Total dwelling units divided by lot acreage Dwelling Units Unit type, lanai and layout (single or double loaded corridors) Floor Area Ratio Total building area divided by lot area. Does not include parking or lanais. Number of Stories Number of stories at tower and podium are indicated in mid and high rise studies. Other Shared amenities, retail or public space

Section Highlights number of stories and classification as low (1-4) , mid (5-12) or high rise (13-39). 86

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Isometric View from above. Highlights height.

Core Sample Illustrates adjacent urban fabric Street View Image source: Google

Data Sources: City and County of Honolulu, Maps of Oahu site (http://honolulugis.org) and Google Earth Pro.

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

TYPOLOGY

Low-Rise

Walk-Up Location: Mō‘il‘ili Census Tract: 23.02 Year: 1970 Area: 4,995 sf / 0.11 acres

113.34 Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

0 10 3 0

Total Units

Lānai per Unit: 122 sf Layout: Single Loaded Plan Diagram

1.97

10’

Floor Area Ratio Building Area: 6,455 sf

High-rise 13-39 stories

4 Stories (3 residential) Parking: Under building, at grade Total Stalls: 13 Stalls per Unit: 1.0 Other: Shared Amenities: Yes (laundry room) Retail: No Public Space: No

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

50’

100’

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

University Avenue, Honolulu, HI, 96826 (Image Source: Google)

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

TYPOLOGY

Low-Rise

Apartments Location: Diamond Head Census Tract: 17.00 Year: 1963 Area: 88,013 sf / 2.02 acres

28.20 Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

0 32 25 0

Total Units

Lānai per Unit: 112 sf Layout: Single Loaded Plan Diagram

0.55

10’

Floor Area Ratio Building Area: 43,792 sf

High-rise 13-39 stories

3 Stories (3 residential) Parking: At grade Total Stalls: 57 Stalls per Unit: 1.0 Other: Shared Amenities: Yes (pool, bbq, laundry) Retail: No Public Space: No

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

50’

100’

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

Pualei Circle, Honolulu, HI, 96815 (Image Source: Google)

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

TYPOLOGY

Mid-Rise

Tower Location: Diamond Head/Kapahulu Census Tract: 21.02 Year: 1971 Area: 41,712 sf / 0.96 acres

74.14 Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

0 0 56 15

Total Units

Lānai per Unit: 82 sf Layout: Single Loaded Plan Diagram

2.46

10’

Floor Area Ratio Building Area: 55,207 sf

High-rise 13-39 stories

8 Stories (8 residential) Parking: At grade Total Stalls: 71 Stalls per Unit: 1.0 Other: Shared Amenities: Yes (pool, laundry) Retail: No Public Space: No

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

50’

100’

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

Kapahulu Avenue, Honolulu, HI, 96816 (Image Source: Google)

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

TYPOLOGY

Mid-Rise

Towers Location: Punchbowl Census Tract: 43.01 Year: 1970 Area: 57,243 sf / 1.31 acres

82.95 Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

4 35 56 14

Total Units

109 (65a+44b)

Lanai per Unit: 180 sf Layout: Single (a) / Double (b) Plan Diagram

8.81

10’

Floor Area Ratio Building Area: 65,923 (a)|31,641(b)

High-rise 13-39 stories

15/8 Stories (all residential) Parking: At grade and structure Total Stalls: 110 Stalls per Unit: 1.1 Other: Shared Amenities: Yes (deck, pool) Retail: No Public Space: No

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

50’

100’

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

Prospect Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813 (Image Source: Google) (a) 12-Story Tower (b) 8-Story Tower

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

TYPOLOGY

Mid-Rise

Courtyard Location: Kaka'ako Census Tract: 38.01 Year: 2017 Area: 68,055 sf / 1.56 acres

133.78 Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

51 85 73 0

Total Units

209

Lānai per Unit: 0 sf Layout: Double Loaded Plan Diagram

3.60

10’

Floor Area Ratio Building Area: 103,797 sf

High-rise 13-39 stories

6 Stories (8 residential) Parking: limited underground, monthly rates Total Stalls: 280 Stalls per Unit: limited Other: Shared Amenities: Yes (bbq, exercise room, pool, patio/deck, recreation room) Retail: Yes Public Space: Yes

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

50’

100’

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

Keawe Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813 (Image Source: Google)

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

TYPOLOGY

High-Rise

Tower Location: Punchbowl Census Tract: 34.13 Year: 1961 Area: 30,000 sf / 0.69 acres

287.50 Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

14 127 57 0

Total Units

198

Lānai per Unit: 131 sf Layout: Double Loaded Plan Diagram

7.56

10’

Floor Area Ratio Building Area: 124,691 sf

High-rise 13-39 stories

16 Stories (14 residential) Parking: Podium/structure Total Stalls: 200 Stalls per Unit: 1.0 Other: Shared Amenities: Yes (bbq, laundry, pool, recreation area, patio/deck) Retail: No Public Space: No

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

50’

100’

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

Victoria Street, Honolulu, HI, 96822 (Image Source: Google)

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

TYPOLOGY

High-Rise

Podium Tower Location: Kaka'ako Census Tract: 37.02 Year: 2018 Area: 89,882 sf / 2.06 acres

153.63 Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom 4 Bedroom

20 93 132 66 6

Total Units

317 Plan Diagram

Lānai per Unit: NA Layout: Single and Double

10’

9.37 Floor Area Ratio

High-rise 13-39 stories

Building Area: 447,065 sf

40 Stories (5 residential @ podium, 32@ tower) Parking: Podium Total Stalls: 499 Stalls per Unit: 1.57 Other: Shared Amenities: Yes (pool, bbq, meeting room, recreation areas) Retail: Yes Public Space: Yes 100

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

50’

100’

1/4 mile radius 5 minute walk

Auahi St, Honolulu, HI, 96814 (Image Source: Google)

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Part II Testing Possibilities

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PART II: TESTING POSSIBILITIES

GUIDING QUESTION

3 Which neighborhood qualities mean the most to you? NEIGHBORHOOD DESIGN VARIATIONS

· R eal-Time, Metrics-Based Neighborhood Design TOOLS

Plan Your Neighborhood App

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Rural Low density, distributed, no amenities

Low Urban Medium density, clusters, one station, multiple amenities

High Urban Medium density, clusters, two stations, multiple amenities

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NEIGHBORHOOD DESIGN VARIATIONS

Real-Time, Metrics-Based Neighborhood Design Plan your Neighborhood provides metrics-based, urban design. This tool, developed by KPF Urban Interface and tailored to Hawai‘i’s unique environment for the Future of Hawai‘i’s Housing project, allows the public to explore thousands of design possibilities in real- time. Respondents are able to test density, clustering, street width, grid direction, and transit options to view the effects on walkability, energy efficiency, shading, thermal comfort, and views. The tool visualizes different massing possibilities for neighborhoods that span from rural, to suburban to urban environments. Urban contexts are based on sites located along the future rail currently being built on O‘ahu. The app is intended to: • Empower Hawai‘i’s citizens to create comfortable densities for their future communities, including rural, suburban, and urban contexts. • Capture all of the design iterations created in community workshops for analysis in aggregate form and individually. • Fast-forward conversations with communities about the implications of design decisions.

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Variables & Attributes

DESCRIPTION

VARIABLES 1 Density

Adjusting the range of

Refers to the amount of built structures in relationship to the size of land they are on

variables results in different attribute trade-offs, which are further illustrated with

Clustering Related to the proximity

Street Grid

Organization of blocks and vehicular circulation

Street Width

Determines the dimension of the street, sidewalks and corridors in between blocks

between built environments

color gradients.

5 Transit

Number of transit stops in the area

ATTRIBUTES

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1 Walkability

The percentage of trips to basic amenities where walking is an option

2 Outdoor Comfort

The percentage of the year the area is thermally comfortable

3 Views to Ocean

The percentage of views that include the ocean

4 Potential Solar Energy

Energy potential based on surfaces covered by PV

5 Shade on Facades

The amount of shade on building facades

RA N G E

IMPACT

Rural, Suburban, Low Urban, Medium Urban, High Urban

Walkability, outdoor comfort, shade and amenities increase with density, while ample space for solar energy generation may decrease.

Even, Low, Medium, High

Increasing clustering optimizes space and provides opportunities to reduce car trips for frequent errands, or expand or conserve open spaces such as parks and plazas.

0 ,30 ,60 ,90, weave

Block and street orientation affect the way people move, but also how buildings occupy space mainly impacting view corridors.

Narrow, Medium, Wide

The width of the street may influence activities and available space for bike lanes, parking, etc. This dimension mainly affects walkability and shading.

0,1,2

Transit stops increase mobility, amenities and support density clusters.

0-100 %

Walkability is related to proximity of structures, amenities available, shade and street design.

30-100 %

Comfort is based on an assessment of air temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation using the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). It is directly related to shading and orientation of buildings.

6-72 %

View corridors are dependent on building orientation and heights of surrounding structures.

0-127 kWh/m2

The potential of generating solar energy depends on available rooftop area for photo-voltaic panels (PV).

21-78 kWh/m2

Shade is impacted by orientation of buildings and surrounding elements. The amount of shade on a facade can determine if people can walk in the shade or if a room in a building receives enough natural light.

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How-To Guide

Visualization Image View changes in real time

Amenities Supported by selected scheme

Variables Adjust five interrelated variables and their settings to see changes in massing and attribute trade-offs

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Image Controls Info Section

Change View (2D or 3D)

Orbit Model

User Feedback

Attributes See resulting trade-offs including: - Walkability - Outdoor Comfort - Views of Ocean - Solar Energy - Shade

More Info Each attribute can be expanded to learn more and visualize ranges.

Submit your design

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Attribute Visualization

This variation shows both the increasing number/types of amenities that appear as density increases and scores walkability in terms of a car trip reduction.

Selected Variables Low urban density with narrow streets, medium clustering, near one transit station

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More Information on Walkability A gradient from light to deep pink illustrates the range of walkability from none to most walkable.

Other Highlighted Attributes Outdoor comfort, views to ocean, solar energy and shade show different ranges in different colors. Rotating the digital model allows a more comprehensive view of each attribute.

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Examples

114

MED. URBAN HIGH URBAN

DENSITIES ACROSS HAWAI‘I

LOW URBAN

SUBURBAN

RURAL

EVEN

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

LOW

CLUSTERING MEDIUM

HIGH

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PART II: TESTING POSSIBILITIES

GUIDING QUESTION

4 Which densities, attributes, and amenities will best serve your future neighborhood needs? BLOCK / LOT DESIGN VARIATIONS

· 7 Design Considerations for Comfortable Density · 2 6 Variations for a 2-Acre Block TOOLS

Density Alphabet Set

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DENSITY

50-100

High-Rise 13-40 Stories

100-200

200-500

U-Z Possible, iterations risk

Variations of U-Z with

inefficient use of space.

lower heights.

Iterations explore 3-6 story podiums with towers up to 39

HEIGHT

stories.

Mid-Rise

Variations of G-T with lower

5-12 Stories

heights, or variations of A-F with additional towers.

G-T

Iterations explore 2-6 story podiums with towers up to 12

Iterations risk overcrowding.

stories.

Low-Rise 1-4 Stories

A-F

Iterations explore 4-story walk-ups and podiums, no towers.

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Iterations risk

overcrowding.

BLOCK / LOT DESIGN VARIATIONS

Ranging from Low to High-Rise and from 50 to 500 Du/Acre This section presents twenty six massing variations for a 2-acre urban block based on the Holistic Housing Design Framework. Design actions that have the potential to inform design attributes, such as form, organization of buildings and programs, and permeability of the block were taken into consideration. A series of iterations are presented, excluding studies that risk inefficient use of space or overcrowding as follows: A-F: Low-rise examples up to 4 stories from walk-ups to podiums G-T: Mid-rise examples with 2-6 story podiums with low towers up to 12 stories U-Z: High-rise examples with 3-6 story podiums with towers up to 39 stories While these massing depictions are schematic in nature, they demonstrate that high density walkable, sustainable, equitable projects that respect the human scale, allow for cross ventilation in every home, provide individual lānais, hide parking, hold the urban edge for better neighborhood experience, and provide day to day amenities, can take many shapes.

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Seven Design Considerations for Comfortable Density

DESCRIPTION

PEDESTRIAN EXPERIENCE Permeability at Grade

The percentage of spaces at the ground level that are open to the sky and accessible to pedestrians. These may be permeable or green spaces, i.e. parks, gardens, plazas, walkways.

2. Massing & Proportion of Street-Facing Volumes

The geometries, volumes and sizes of structures along the street or sidewalk within eyesight of pedestrians.

Programming at Street Level

The potential use of spaces at grade. Uses could include commercial, resident amenities or additional units on two levels.

Parking & Mobility

The location and design of parking and other spaces related to transportation.

Comfortable density is relative to multiple attributes at a variety of scales. The design of the neighborhood, the block, the lot or building, and the unit all contribute to our perceptions and everyday experiences.

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IM P L I C ATIONS

ADDRESSES HHDF

& C A L C ULATIONS

ACTION S

Permeability at grade offers opportunities for common or public areas, allows rain water to percolate naturally and creates more walkable communities by inviting pedestrians to cross large blocks. * Targeted minimums are 20% for low/ mid rise and 15% for high rise iterations.

3.2, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 12.1

Lower structures along the street hide taller structures from pedestrian view. The proportion of these volumes should consider human scale and urban continuity. * Targeted height at 4 stories or less, with low-to-no curb cuts, parking or empty lots facing the street

4.1, 4.2

Designing for the cross ventilation and natural lighting requirements of the most restrictive uses (i.e. residential) allows for programmatic flexibility and adaptability. * Calculated at 6% for low rise, 4% mid rise and 2% high rise. Assuming 15' floor-to-floor heights and cross-ventilation for second floor volumes.

2.1, 3.1, 3.3, 5.2, 6.3, 9.3, 11.1

Commercial or green spaces can serve as visual buffers to hide parking from street and residential living. Spaces for parking should be designed with flexibility in mind to accommodate other modes of transportation (i.e. bikes, car sharing) and consider future conversion to other uses.

4.3, 8.3

* Calculated at 0.5 stalls x studio or 1 bedroom, 1 stall x 2 or 3 bedroom units. Assuming 10' floor to floor heights.

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DESCRIPTION

RESIDENT EXPERIENCE

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5. Unit Mix

The different kinds of units in a building.

6. Floor Plan Layout

The organization of units, clusters and circulation elements.

7. Building Massing & Organization

The geometries, volumes and proportions of buildings and their arrangement on the site.

IM P L I C ATIONS

ADDRESSES HHDF

& C A L C ULATIONS

ACTION S

A mix of residential units in a variety of shapes and sizes promotes a diversity of occupants. * For this study the unit mix includes 15% studios, 45% one bedrooms, 25% 2 bedrooms and 15% 3 bedrooms

1.1, 7.2, 11.2

Single loaded corridors allow operable windows on two sides. Double loaded corridors with bays or corridors open to the exterior also offer potential for cross ventilation. Other open spaces can serve as inhabitable terraces, shared spaces for gardens or play. *Single drawn at 40' wide, Double drawn at 75' wide.

5.2, 7.2, 8.2, 11.2

Offset or perpendicularly arranged volumes allow for unobstructed views from main living areas. Spacing in between structures permits flow of natural light and ventilation. * Residential volumes are spaced between 40 and 100 feet from each other (depending on height) and 20 feet from parking or commercial programs.

2.1, 2.3, 5.2, 5.3, 7.2, 7.3

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Twenty-Six Variations for a 2-Acre Block The Density Alphabet presents twenty-six possibilities ranging from low to high-rise and between 50 to 500 dwelling units per acre.

HEIGHT / N O. STORIES

Low-rise A 4 B C D E F Mid-rise G 12t / 2-4p H 6 I 12t / 3-4p J 12t / 4p K 12t / 3-4p L 12t / 4p M 12t / 4p N 6 O 12t / 3-4p P 12t / 4p Q 12t / 4p R 12t / 2-4p S 12t / 3p T 12t / 3p High-rise U 39t / 4p V 39t / 4p W 39t / 6p X 39t / 4p Y 39t / 3p Z 39t / 4p

DEN SITY RAN GE

DU PER ACRE

FLOO R AREA R AT I O

50-100

64 77 79 84 88 93

1.27 1.53 1.58 1.67 1.75 1.85

100-200

111 118 120 124 129 136 137 142 145 146 149 177 182 186

2.17 2.29 2.35 2.42 2.53 2.65 2.68 2.77 2.84 2.85 2.92 3.45 3.56 3.62

200-500

306 349 351 356 358 500

5.85 6.67 6.71 6.81 6.85 9.56

RESIDEN TIAL LAYOU T

Single Loaded: Units organized along one side of the corridor. Allow for natural cross-ventilation. Double Loaded (open double): Units organized along both sides of the corridor. Assuming corridors are open to the exterior and volumes are perforated to allow for natural cross-ventilation. Single & Double: Mixed volumes with both single and double layouts.

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RE S I D E N T I AL LAYOUT

SE CTION COMP OSITION

B LOCK D ISTRIBU TION

U RBAN EDGE

OPEN SPACE AT GRADE

ROOFTOP TERRACES

PARKI NG TYPE, LEVELS

Single Loaded Single Loaded Double Loaded Single & Double Single & Double Single Loaded

Walk-up Walk-up Walk-up Walk-up Hybrid Open to Grade

Courtyard Partial Block Partial Block Courtyard Partial Block Courtyard

88% 72% 75% 90% 90% 100%

60% 52% 50% 47% 20% 22%

0 sf 0 sf 0 sf 0 sf 35,000 sf 28,900 sf

G G G G 2 2

Single & Double Single Loaded Single Loaded Single Loaded Single & Double Single & Double Single & Double Single Loaded Single Loaded Single & Double Single Loaded Single & Double Single & Double Single & Double

X-Podium Open to Grade Open to Grade

Partial Block Courtyard

63%

Open to Grade Hybrid X-Podium X-Podium

Full Block Full Block Partial Block Partial Block Partial Block Courtyard Full Block Full Block Full Block Partial Block Full Block Full Block

85% 100% 100% 38% 83% 90% 100% 100% 100% 100% 95% 100% 100%

23% 33% 30% 17% 23% 33% 20% 25% 0% 29% 29% 18% 0% 0%

58,200 sf 25,600 sf 56,600 sf 68,200 sf 54,750 sf 45,750 sf 61,600 sf 25,600 sf 74,800 sf 52,850 sf 52,100 sf 51,000 sf 69,525 sf 65,000 sf

2 3 3 4 3 4 4 3 2 4 4 4 3 3

Single & Double Single & Double

Open to Grade Hybrid

Full Block Partial Block

100% 94%

29% 12%

52,850 sf 65,250 sf

7 6

Single & Double Single & Double Single & Double

X-Podium X-Podium X-Podium

Full Block Full Block Partial Block

100% 100% 63%

0% 0% 23%

77,250 sf 75,750 sf 51,375 sf

6 5 8

Single & Double

X-Podium

Full Block

100%

67,125 sf

Hybrid X-Podium Open to Grade Hybrid Open to Grade X-Podium Open to Grade

S E C T I O N C O MP OSITION

Walk-up: Open ground plane with distributed flex/commercial and parking. Residential above. Open to Grade: Partial podium with flex/ commercial and parking with spaces open to grade that allow for cross-ventilation and percolation. Residential above. Cross-Ventilated Podium (X-Podium): Full podium with flex/commercial and parking with voids for cross-ventilation. Residential above.

BLOCK COMPOSITION

Courtyard: Block organized around a central space open to grade or to a potential rooftop terrace. Partial Block: Compact massing allowing for spaces open to grade. Full Block: Massing filling the entire lot, no open spaces to grade.

Hybrid: Cross-vent podium and open to grade hybrids. Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

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How-to Guide Isometric View from above. Highlights height.

Massing Study Organized in alphabetical order from lowest to highest number of residential units. Height & Density Range From low to high rise and from 50 to 500 dwelling units per acre Dwelling Units per Acre Total dwelling units divided by lot acreage. Dwelling Units Total residential area divided by four unit typologies: • Studios (450 sf @ 15%) • One bedrooms (625 sf @ 45%) • Two bedrooms (950 sf @ 25%) • Three bedrooms (1200 sf @ 15%)

Floor Area Ratio Total building area divided by lot area. Does not include parking. Net Building Area includes circulation. Gross Building Area includes circulation and parking. All studies are on a ~ 2-acre 300' x 300' lot (90,000 sf).

Number of Stories Number of stories at tower and podium are indicated in mid and high rise studies.

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Floor Plans Diagrams of typical residential floor plans showing unit orientation. Ground plane

RESIDENTIAL EXPERIENCE

diagrams are included in low-rise studies.

Layout

Podium diagrams are included in mid and

Single loaded corridor, double loaded

high-rise studies. Urban edge and block

corridor or hybrid (single and double)

permeability indicated when open at grade.

layouts are indicated. Arrows point in the direction of main views from windows and lanais. Areas Residential areas, circulation areas (calculated at 15% of total building area), rooftops are the tallest roof, potential terraces include rooftops that are viewable from upper levels.

PEDESTRIAN EXPERIENCE Layout Walk-up (open first floor), Crossventilation podium (with spacing for ventilation), Open to grade, Hybrid (a mix). Full block, partial block or courtyard configurations are indicated. Arrows at ground floor indicate block permeability. Volumes holding the edge of the block are represented with dashed lines. Areas Flex / Commercial includes spaces for amenities, commercial, or additional residential at grade. Open Spaces at grade and Parking (calculated at 400 sf per stall including circulation). Number of stalls required by Honolulu TOD guidelines is also Section

indicated for comparison.

Highlights number of stories and classification as low (1-4) , mid (5-12) or high rise (13-39). Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

127

A Low-Rise Density Range 50-100

Hig

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

30 66 24 11

Total Units

131

1.27

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 114,000 sf Gross 144,000 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

4 Stories

A 128

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

40' 35'

Residential Layout Single Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 91,086 sf Typical Residential

Building Circulation 17,100 sf Rooftops 36,000 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 0 sf

Pedestrian Layout Walk-up Ground Floor

Courtyard Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,060 lf / 88% Areas Flex / Commercial 5,814 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 54,000 sf Parking (at grade) 30,000 sf / 75 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 83.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

129

B Low-Rise Density Range 50-100

Hig

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

37 79 29 14

Total Units

158

1.53

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 137,600 sf Gross 172,800 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

4 Stories

B 130

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

40' 80'

30'

Residential Layout Single Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 109,942 sf Typical Residential

Building Circulation 20,640 sf Rooftops 43,200 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 0 sf

Pedestrian Layout Walk-up Ground Floor

Partial Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 860 lf / 72% Areas Flex / Commercial 7,018 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 46,800 sf Parking (at grade) 35,200 sf / 88 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 101.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

131

C Low-Rise Density Range 50-100

Hig

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

38 82 30 14

Total Units

164

1.58

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 142,200 sf Gross 180,000 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

4 Stories

132

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

150'

Residential Layout Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 113,618 sf Typical Residential

Building Circulation 21,330 sf Rooftops 45,000 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 0 sf

Pedestrian Layout Walk-up Ground Floor

Partial Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 900 lf / 75% Areas Flex / Commercial 7,252 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 45,000 sf Parking (at grade) 37,800 sf / 95 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 104.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

133

D Low-Rise Density Range 50-100

Hig

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

40 86 32 15

Total Units

173

1.67

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 150,000 sf Gross 192,000 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

4 Stories

134

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

35' 30'

Residential 150'

Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 119,850 sf

Typical Residential

Building Circulation 22,500 sf Rooftops 48,000 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 0 sf

Pedestrian Layout Walk-up Ground Floor

Courtyard Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,080 lf / 90% Areas Flex / Commercial 7,650 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 42,000 sf Parking (at grade) 42,000 sf / 105 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 110.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

135

E Low-Rise Density Range 50-100

Hig

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

42 91 33 16

Total Units

182

1.75

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 157,800 sf Gross 208,200 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

4 Stories

E 136

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

25' 20'

60'

Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 126,082 sf Typical Residential

Building Circulation 23,670 sf Rooftops 37,000 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 35,000 sf

Pedestrian Layout Hybrid Ground Floor

Partial Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,080 lf / 90% Areas Flex / Commercial 8,048 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 18,000 sf Parking (2 floors) 50,400 sf / 126 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 115.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

137

F Low-Rise Density Range 50-100

Hig

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

44 96 35 17

Total Units

192

1.85

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 166,400 sf Gross 224,200 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

4 Stories

F 138

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

30' 25'

Residential Layout Single Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 132,954 sf Typical Residential

Building Circulation 24,960 sf Rooftops 41,600 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 28,900 sf

Pedestrian Layout Open to Grade Ground Floor

Courtyard Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,200 lf / 100% Areas Flex / Commercial 8,486 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 19,500 sf Parking (2 floors) 57,800 sf / 145 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 122.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

139

G Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

111

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

53 115 42 20

Total Units

230

2.17

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 195,600 sf Gross 254,400 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

12 Stories Tower Podium

140

12 2-4

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 159,610 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 29,340 sf

25' 70'

20'

Rooftops 10,800 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 58,200 sf

Pedestrian Layout Cross-Ventilated Podium

Typical Residential Podium

Partial Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 760 lf / 63% Areas Flex / Commercial 6,650 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 21,000 sf Parking (2 floors) 58,800 sf / 147 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 146.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

141

H Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

118

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

56 121 44 21

Total Units

243

2.29

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 206,400 sf Gross 283,200 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

6 Stories

142

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

50'

35'

45'

30'

Residential Layout Single Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 168,422 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 30,960 sf Rooftops 34,400 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 25,600 sf

Pedestrian Layout Open to Grade

Typical Residential Podium

Courtyard Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,020 lf / 85% Areas Flex / Commercial 7,018 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 30,000 sf Parking (3 floors) 76,800 sf / 192 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 154.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

143

I Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

120

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

58 124 45 22

Total Units

249

2.35

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 211,600 sf Gross 274,600 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

12 Stories Tower Podium

144

12 3-4

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Residential Layout Single Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 172,666 sf

Typical Residential Tower 40'

50'

35'

45'

Building Circulation 31,740 sf Rooftops 6,000 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 56,600 sf

Pedestrian Layout Open to Grade

Typical Residential Podium

Full Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,200 lf / 100% Areas Flex / Commercial 7,194 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 27,400 sf Parking (3 floors) 63,000 sf / 158 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 158.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

145

J Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

124

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

59 128 47 22

Total Units

256

2.42

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 217,600 sf Gross 308,200 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

12 Stories Tower Podium

146

12 4

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Residential Layout Single Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 177,562 sf

Typical Residential Tower 35'

75'

30'

70'

Building Circulation 32,640 sf Rooftops 6,400 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 68,200 sf

Pedestrian Layout Hybrid

Typical Residential Podium

Full Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,200 lf / 100% Areas Flex / Commercial 7,398 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 15,400 sf Parking (4 floors) 90,600 sf / 227 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 162.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

147

K Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

129

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

62 134 49 23

Total Units

267

2.53

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 227,350 sf Gross 302,350 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

12 Stories Tower Podium

148

12 3-4

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 185,518 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 34,103 sf

35' 35'

30'

Rooftops 14,250 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 54,750 sf

Pedestrian Layout Cross-Ventilation Podium

Typical Residential Podium

Partial Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 460 lf / 38% Areas Flex / Commercial 7,730 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 21,000 sf Parking (3 floors) 75,000 sf / 188 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 170.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

149

L Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

136

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

64 140 51 24

Total Units

281

2.65

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 238,800 sf Gross 332,400 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

12 Stories Tower Podium

150

12 4

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 194,861 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 35,820 sf

55' 50'

Rooftops 14,250 sf 35' 30'

Potential Rooftop Terraces 45,750 sf

Pedestrian Layout Open to Grade

Typical Residential Podium

Partial Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,000 lf / 83% Areas Flex / Commercial 8,119 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 30,000 sf Parking (4 floors) 93,600 sf / 234 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 178.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

151

M Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

137

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

66 142 52 25

Total Units

283

2.68

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 241,000 sf Gross 328,900 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

12 Stories Tower Podium

12 4

152

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 196,656 sf

Typical Residential Tower 60'

Building Circulation 36,150 sf Rooftops 10,400 sf

35' 30'

Potential Rooftop Terraces 61,600 sf

Pedestrian Layout Hybrid

Typical Residential Podium

Partial Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,080 lf / 90% Areas Flex / Commercial 8,194 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 18,000 sf Parking (4 floors) 87,900 sf / 220 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 180.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

153

N Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

142

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

68 147 54 25

Total Units

294

2.77

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 249,600 sf Gross 326,400 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

6 Stories

154

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

35' 30'

Residential Layout Single Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 203, 674 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 37,440 sf Rooftops 41,600 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 25,600 sf

Pedestrian Layout Open to Grade

Typical Residential Podium

Courtyard Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,200 lf / 100% Areas Flex / Commercial 8,486 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 22,800 sf Parking (3 floors) 76,800 sf / 192 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 186.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

155

O Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

145

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

69 150 55 26

Total Units

300

2.84

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 255,400 sf Gross 339,400 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

12 Stories Tower Podium

156

12 3-4

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

100' 90'

Residential Layout Single Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 208,406 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 38,310 sf

25' 20'

Rooftops 15,200 sf 35' 30'

Potential Rooftop Terraces 74,800 sf

Pedestrian Layout Cross-Ventilation Podium

Typical Residential Podium

Full Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,200 lf / 100% Areas Flex / Commercial 8,684 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 0 sf Parking (2 floors) 84,000 sf / 210 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 191.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

157

P Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

146

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

76 151 55 26

Total Units

302

2.85

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 256,400 sf Gross 346,400 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

12 Stories Tower Podium

P 158

12 4

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 209,222 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 38,460 sf

40' 35'

Rooftops 11,250 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 52,850 sf

Pedestrian Layout Open to Grade

Typical Residential Podium

Full Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,200 lf / 100% Areas Flex / Commercial 8,718 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 25,900 sf Parking (4 floors) 90,000 sf / 225 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 191.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

159

Q Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

149

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

71 154 56 27

Total Units

309

2.92

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 262,400 sf Gross 352,400 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

12 Stories Tower Podium

160

12 4

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

80' 70'

Residential Layout Single Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 214,118 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 39,360 sf

40' 35'

Rooftops 12,000 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 52,100 sf

Pedestrian Layout Open to Grade

Typical Residential Podium

Full Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,200 lf / 100% Areas Flex / Commercial 8,922 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 25,900 sf Parking (4 floors) 90,000 sf / 225 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 196.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

161

R Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

177

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

84 182 67 32

Total Units

365

3.45

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 310,500 sf Gross 406,200 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

12 Stories Tower Podium

162

12 2-4

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

92'-6" 87'-6"

Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 253,368 sf

Typical Residential Tower 35' 30'

Building Circulation 46,575 sf Rooftops 22,650 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 51,000 sf

Pedestrian Layout Hybrid

Typical Residential Podium

Partial Block

70' 65'

High-rise

Block Permeability

13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,140 lf / 95% Areas Flex / Commercial 10,557 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 16,350 sf Parking (4 floors) 95,700 sf / 239 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 232.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

163

S Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

182

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

87 188 69 33

Total Units

377

3.56

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 320,275 sf Gross 444,375 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

12 Stories Tower Podium

164

12 3

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 261,344 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 48,041 sf

30' 25'

Rooftops 24,375 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 69,525 sf

Pedestrian Layout Cross-Ventilation Podium

Typical Residential Podium

Full Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,200 lf / 100% Areas Flex / Commercial 10,889 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 0 sf Parking (3 floors) 124,100 sf / 310 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 239.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

165

T Mid-Rise Density Range 100-200

Hig

186

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

89 191 70 33

Total Units

383

3.62

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 325,900 sf Gross 450,000 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

12 Stories Tower Podium

T 166

12 3

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

130' 120'

Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 265,934 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 48,885 sf

30' 25'

Rooftops 25,000 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 65,000 sf

Pedestrian Layout Cross-Ventilation Podium

Typical Residential Podium

Full Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,200 lf / 100% Areas Flex / Commercial 11,081 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 0 sf Parking (3 floors) 124,100 sf / 310 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 243.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

167

U High-Rise Density Range 200-500

Hig

306

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

146 316 115 35

Total Units

632

5.85

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 526,400 sf Gross 683,900 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

39 Stories Tower Podium

U 168

39 4

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 438,491 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 78,960 sf

40' 35'

Rooftops 11,250 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 52,850 sf

Pedestrian Layout Open to Grade

Typical Residential Podium

Full Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,200 lf / 100% Areas Flex / Commercial 8,949 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 25,900 sf Parking (7 floors) 157,500 sf / 394 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 401.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

169

V High-Rise Density Range 200-500

Hig

349

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

167 360 132 63

Total Units

721

6.67

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 600,450 sf Gross 802,125 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

39 Stories Tower Podium

V 170

39 4

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 500,175 sf

Typical Residential Tower 35'

32'-6" 27'-6"

Building Circulation 90,068 sf Rooftops 14,250 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 65,250 sf

Pedestrian Layout Hybrid

Typical Residential Podium

Partial Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,130 lf / 94% Areas Flex / Commercial 10,208 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 10,500 sf Parking (6 floors) 201,675 sf / 504 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 458.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

Understanding Density Visualization Catalog

171

W High-Rise Density Range 200-500

Hig

351

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

168 362 132 63

Total Units

725

6.71

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 604,150 sf Gross 792,750 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

39 Stories Tower Podium

39 6

W 172

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Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 503,257 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 90,623 sf

45' 40'

Rooftops 12,750 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 77,250 sf

Pedestrian Layout Cross-Ventilation Podium

Typical Residential Podium

Full Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,200 lf / 100% Areas Flex / Commercial 10,271 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 0 sf Parking (6 floors) 188,600 sf / 472 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 460.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

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X High-Rise Density Range 200-500

Hig

356

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

170 368 134 64

Total Units

736

6.81

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 612,900 sf Gross 801,400 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

39 Stories Tower Podium

X 174

39 4

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Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 510,546 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 91,935 sf

35' 30'

Rooftops 14,250 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 75,750 sf

Pedestrian Layout Cross-Ventilation Podium

Typical Residential Podium

Full Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,200 lf / 100% Areas Flex / Commercial 10,419 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 0 sf Parking (5 floors) 188,500 sf / 471 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 467.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

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Y High-Rise Density Range 200-500

Hig

358

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

171 370 135 64

Total Units

740

6.85

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 616,350 sf Gross 805,350 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

39 Stories Tower Podium

Y 176

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Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 513,420 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 92,453 sf

35' 70'

30'

Rooftops 17,625 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 51,375 sf

Pedestrian Layout Cross-Ventilation Podium

Typical Residential Podium

Partial Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 760 lf / 63% Areas Flex / Commercial 10, 478 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 21,000 sf Parking (8 floors) 189,000 sf / 473 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 470.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

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Z High-Rise Density Range 200-500

Hig

500

h-r

ise

Dwelling Units per Acre Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom

239 516 189 90

Total Units

1,033

9.56

d-r

ise

ris

Floor Area Ratio Building Area Net 860,400 sf Gross 1,121,100 sf Net includes circulation. Gross includes circulation and parking. FAR includes circulation. Lot size: 90,000 sf / ~ 2 acres

39 Stories Tower Podium

Z 178

39 4

Holistic Housing Design Toolkit, Sierralta & Strawn

Residential Layout Single & Double Loaded Window Wall Direction Areas Residential 716, 713 sf

Typical Residential Tower

Building Circulation 129,060 sf

35' 30'

Rooftops 22,875 sf Potential Rooftop Terraces 67,125 sf

Pedestrian Layout Cross-Ventilation Podium

Typical Residential Podium

Full Block Block Permeability

High-rise 13-39 stories

Urban Edge 1,200 lf / 100% Areas Flex / Commercial 14,627 sf Flex/Commercial potentially includes additional residential units at grade.

Open Space at Grade 0 sf Parking (7 floors) 260,700 sf / 652 stalls

Mid-rise 5-12 stories

Number of stalls required by TOD 656.

Low-rise 1-4 stories Section Diagram

10’

50’

100’

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L O W RIS E

M I D RIS E

H IG H R IS E

U 180

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PART II: TESTING POSSIBILITIES

GUIDING QUESTION

5 Which layouts work best for your household now? UNIT DESIGN VARIATIONS

· 10 Flexible Unit Layouts for Multi-Family Dwellings TOOLS

Design Your Home

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~ 40 feet

Corridor

Lānai

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UNIT DESIGN VARIATIONS

A Modular Approach: From Micro-Units to Co-Living This section of the manual presents ten potential unit layouts that could exist within the block studies illustrated in the previous section. Based on a modular approach, these units were designed to fit within a 40-foot deep floor plate. Variations range from 250 sf to 2000 sf, including micro-units for single occupancy, one-bedroom units for single or double occupancy, and two-bedroom units or co-living modules intended to house multiple generations of one family or a variety of roommate scenarios. These studies were developed following the strategies in the Holistic Housing Design Framework that address efficiency, flexibility, natural cross ventilation, and the inclusion of lānais for all. Each typology has different attributes and presents trade-offs for discussion. For example, a one-studio apartment option is illustrated with a larger lānai and a small living space, while another studio layout shows a small lānai and a large living space. For each unit variation, the following was taken into account: - Number of bedrooms - Location of bedrooms (street or back corridor) - Interior-exterior space distributions - Built-ins and flexible furniture - Unit depths and widths

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Ten Flexible Unit Layouts for Multi-family Dwellings

U N IT TYPE

M1 Micro-Unit

M2 Micro-Unit

Studio

These are some examples of potential unit layouts. Many other layouts are also possible.

1B1 One-Bedroom

1B2 One-Bedroom

1B3 One-Bedroom

2B1 Two-Bedroom

2B2 Two-Bedroom

Co1 Co-Living

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I N TE RIOR

E XTE RIOR

TRADE-OFFS

A R E A ( SF )

ARE A ( SF )

~ 300

~ 50

~ 250

~ 100

Lānai as outdoor room

~ 401

~ 60

Small lānai, larger living space

~ 350

~ 120

Lānai as outdoor room

~ 510

~ 120

Long lānai, bedroom in back

~ 430

~ 200

Extra large lānai, bedroom in front

~ 520

~ 110

Lānai as outdoor room, bedroom in front

~ 800

~ 160

Lānai as outdoor room, split bedroom

~ 770

~ 190

Long lānai, bedroom in back

~ 1550

~ 375

Multiple, shared living spaces with private bath and kitchens

Small lānai, larger living space

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How-To Guide

Reference Number Unit Type Organized from smallest to largest

Data Approximate area, dimensions and interior vs exterior space

Scale Used for reference Units are in feet

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Illustration Furnished floor plans, focusing on bedroom location and indoor outdoor relationships

Trade-off Short descriptions of key attributes for comparison between units

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M1 MicroUnit #1 Compact closet

200-300 sf Approximate Area 300 sf 50 sf

Additional closet

Approximate Dimensions

Built-in storage

Interior Exterior

34' x 12'

Trade-offs

- Larger interior area adapts to sleeping, eating and living activities - Smaller lānai with limited furniture

Murphy Bed Sitting area ~ Interior 300 sf ~ Exterior 50 sf

Lānai

- Additional storage ~ 12 feet

10’

190

50’

100’

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M2 MicroUnit #2 Compact closet

200-300 sf Approximate Area

Murphy Bed Sitting area

Built-in storage

Interior Exterior

250 sf 100 sf

34' x 12' Approximate Dimensions

Trade-offs ~ Interior 250 sf ~ Exterior 100 sf Lānai

- Lānai serves as small outdoor room accommodating potential eating and living activities - Compact interior living adapts to sleeping, eating, living activities - Reduced storage

~ 12 feet

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S1 Studio Unit #1 Potential for washer/dryer

350-500 sf

Closet

Approximate Area Interior Exterior

410 sf 60 sf

34' x 16' Approximate Dimensions

Trade-offs

- Larger interior area adapts to sleeping, eating and living activities - Smaller lānai with limited furniture

Built-in storage

Murphy bed/ sitting area

~ Interior 410 sf ~ Exterior 60 sf

Lānai

~ 16 feet

10’

192

50’

100’

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S2 Studio Unit #2 Potential for washer/dryer Closet

350-500 sf Approximate Area Interior Exterior

350 sf 120 sf

34' x 16' Approximate Dimensions Built-in storage Murphy bed/ sitting area Trade-offs ~ Interior 350 sf ~ Exterior 120 sf Lānai

- Lānai serves as outdoor room accommodating potential eating and living activities - Compact interior living adapts to sleeping, eating, living activities

~ 16 feet

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1B1 OneBed #1 500-800 sf

Bedroom

Approximate Area Interior Exterior

510 sf 120 sf

34' x 20' Approximate Dimensions

Washer / Dryer Built-ins

Living

Trade-offs

- Bedroom facing towards corridor - Larger bath area

~ Interior 410 sf ~ Exterior 60 sf

Lānai

- Built-in storage - Open kitchen / living facing lānai - Long lānai

10’

194

50’

~ 20 feet

100’

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1B2 OneBed #2 500-800 sf Living

~ Interior 430 sf ~ Exterior 200 sf

Washer / Dryer

Approximate Area Interior Exterior

430 sf 200 sf

34' x 20' Approximate Dimensions

Trade-offs Lānai

Bedroom

- Bedroom facing out to street or side - Compact bath area - Limited storage - Open kitchen / living facing corridor and lānai - Extra large lānai

~ 20 feet

* This layout in only possible with corner units or perforated volumes

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1B3 OneBed #3 500-800 sf Approximate Area Interior Exterior

520 sf 110 sf

Built-ins Washer / Dryer

34' x 20' Approximate Dimensions

Living ~ Interior 520 sf ~ Exterior 110 sf

Trade-offs

- Bedroom facing street or side

Lānai

- Compact bath area - Built-in storage - Large open kitchen / living facing lānai - Lānai as small outdoor room

10’

196

50’

~ 20 feet

100’

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2B1 Open Living

TwoBed #1

Bedroom

1,000 1,200 sf Approximate Area Interior Exterior

800 sf 160 sf

34' x 30' Approximate Dimensions

~ Interior 800 sf

Trade-offs

~ Exterior 160 sf

- Separate bedrooms facing opposite sides for privacy - One bedroom facing lānai - Lānai as outdoor room

Lānai

Bedroom ~ 30 feet

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M1 TwoBed #2

Bedroom

1,000 1,200 sf Approximate Area Interior Exterior

770 sf 190 sf

34' x 30' Approximate Dimensions

Trade-offs

- Both bedrooms facing the corridor

~ Interior 770 sf ~ Exterior 190 sf

- Living space facing lanai - Long wall to wall lānai Lānai

Open Living ~ 30 feet

10’

198

50’

100’

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Suite 2

~ Interior 1550 sf ~ Exterior 375 sf

Co CoLiving 1,500 2,000 sf Approximate Area Interior Exterior ~ 75 feet

Suite 1

1,550 sf 375 sf

30' x 65' Approximate Dimensions

Trade-offs

- Multiple shared living spaces - Private bathrooms, kitchenettes and sleeping areas

Suite 3

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References 1. Bob Bengford. Visualizing Compatible Density. April 10, 2017. MRSC. 2. Google Earth [https://earth.google.com/web] Last accessed 16 Apr. 2022. 3. H onolulu Authority for Rapid Transportation “Route Map.” https://honolulutransit.org/about/ route-map/. Last accessed 18 Apr. 2022. 4. Maps of Oahu. https://www.honolulugis.org/. Accessed 17 Apr. 2022. 5. S ierralta, K, Strawn, B. 2022. Future of Hawaii’s Housing: Exploring Housing for All. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai‘i. 6. S tate of Hawai'i Office of Planning. "2020 Hawaii Census Tracts." [https://census.hawaii.gov/home/ geography/ ][https://census.hawaii.gov/home/geography/). https://histategis.maps.arcgis.com/apps/ OnePane/basicviewer/index.html?appid=e415a072dbca48c3a94ffc5a0003e4df] Last accessed 16 Apr. 2022. 7. United States ZIP Codes, https://www.unitedstateszipcodes.org. Accessed 17 Apr. 2022. 8. U S Census Bureau. “Hawai'i.” Census.Gov, https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2010/ geo/state-local-geo-guides-2010/hawaii.html. Last accessed 16 Apr. 2022. 9. U S Census Bureau. “2010 Census Urban and Rural Classification and Urban Area Criteria.” Census. Gov, https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/geography/guidance/geo-areas/urban-rural/2010-urban-rural.html. Last accessed 16 Apr. 2022. 10. US Census Bureau, 2020 Census. "2020 Census Demographic Data Map Viewer" [https://mtgis-portal. geo.censusgov/arcgis/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=2566121a73de463995ed2b2fd7ff6eb7] Last accessed 16 Apr. 2022.

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This manual is paired with the Know Your Density, Plan Your Neighborhood, Density Alphabet and Design Your Home sorting cards. For further information and use cases see the Holistic Housing Design Toolkit How-To Guide.

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