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Los Angeles County leads California’s domestic outmigration as structural pressures mount

Residents leaving Los Angeles County are increasingly relocating to Texas, Arizona, Nevada, and Florida as housing costs, affordability pressures, and shifting economic conditions reshape migration patterns.

LOS ANGELES — New estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau and the California Department of Finance show that Los Angeles County continues to post the largest numeric population decline of any U.S. county, underscoring its central role in California’s ongoing domestic outmigration.

As of early 2026, the county’s population is estimated at about 9.7 million, down from more

U.S. expands social media vetting in visa process worldwide

State Department reinforces five-year disclosure requirement as digital footprint becomes central to visa screening.

WASHINGTON — The U.S. Department of State has reinforced the role of social media vetting in visa adjudication, requiring applicants to disclose online identifiers as part of security and identity screening.

The policy, reflected in consular operations as of late March 2026, builds on measures first implemented in 2019, when most visa applicants were required to list social media identifiers used within the previous five years on forms such as the DS-160 and DS-260.

U.S. officials state that the information is used to verify identity and assess eligibility under immigration law, including the evaluation

Philippines opens Iran energy talks, but Hormuz passage remains unclear

MANILA — President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. has ordered the adoption of Philippine names for the 131 maritime features in the Kalayaan Island Group (KIG) in the West Philippine Sea (WPS) to reinforce its sovereignty in the area. KIG lies on the western section of the disputed Spratly Islands in the South China Sea, but its features form part of the West

USTR flags ‘widespread’ Philippine customs corruption

MANILA — Corruption remains a sticking point in trade between Manila and Washington, with the United States Trade Representative (USTR) again flagging irregularities across Philippine institutions as a major trade barrier.

In its 2026 National Trade Estimate report, the USTR described corruption in the Philippines as “pervasive and longstanding.”

The agency warned that graft and bribery could disrupt markets and “frustrate broader reforms and economic stabilization programs.”

“Corruption is a pervasive and longstanding problem in both the private and public sector in

the Philippines,” the report said. “National and local government agencies, for example the Bureau of Customs (BOC), are beset with various corruption issues, including allegations of overt bribery.”

Singling out the BOC, the USTR said some shipments are subjected to 100-percent inspection and testing. Others face inconsistent fee assessments and processing delays.

The report also cited complications in customs valuation, such as the continued use of reference pricing for certain goods. This, even when importers submit complete transaction documents, such as contracts and purchase orders.

Philippine Sea. The Philippines has occupied nine features in the KIG since the 1970s: Rizal (Commodore) Reef; Patag (Flat) Island; Panata (Melchora Aquino Cay/Loaita Cay) Island; Kota (Loaita) Island, Ayungin (Second Thomas) Shoal, Likas (West York) Island, Lawak (Nanshan) Island, Parola (Northeast) Island, and Pag-asa (Thitu) Island. Pag-asa is the only Philippine-inhabited island in the Spratlys archipelago and is

MANILA —  The government may need to pass a P400-billion “Bayanihan 3” supplemental budget to keep the economy afloat, as the escalating Middle East conflict threatens to completely choke off the country’s oil supply, Sen. Win Gatchalian warned yesterday. Speaking to reporters, Gatchalian revealed that based on projections by the Senate PROTECT committee, a massive legislative intervention would be the only way to fund the state’s survival if vital maritime chokepoints – aside from the Strait of Hormuz – shut down completely.

The House of Representatives is also moving to craft a “Bayanihan 3” measure in response to the ongoing oil crisis, but unlike its pandemic-era predecessors, the new package will go beyond direct cash aid toward long-term structural reforms, chairman of the House committee on ways and means Rep. Miro Quimbo said on Tuesday.

Gatchalian pointed specifically to the threatened closure of the Red Sea, a critical trade route that serves as the primary artery for

by Jan Escosio Inquirer.net

MANILA — The House committee on justice could complete the probable cause stage of the impeachment proceedings against Vice President Sara Duterte as early as April and elevate the case to the plenary once Congress resumes session, Bukidnon 2nd District Rep. Jonathan Keith Flores said. Flores, vice chair of the justice panel, said the committee is now determining probable cause following earlier findings of sufficiency in form, substance and grounds — steps required under House rules before any case can be transmitted to the Senate for trial.

The panel has set hearings on April 14, 22 and 29, but Flores said the timeline could be shortened depending on the pace of the proceedings.

“Well, if it’s done by the 22nd, the third meeting, or on the 14th, then we could present it before the plenary when it comes back,” he said in a Bilyonaryo program interview. Congress is on recess from March 21 to May 3, but the justice panel has been authorized to continue hearings during the break. Once session resumes, its find-

MANILA — The peso rebounded from all-time lows on Wednesday, gaining at the close of a shortened trading week, as the U.S. dollar weakened on hopes of deescalation of the Middle East war.

The currency strengthened by 58.8 centavos to settle at 60.16 per dollar, recovering from Tuesday’s record-low close of 60.748. Trading was brisk, with vol-

From the Front Page

Philippines opens Iran energy...

allowing Philippine-bound ships to pass through the Strait of Hormuz.  The meeting comes as the Marcos administration faces mounting pressure to shore up fuel supply lines amid tensions in the Middle East, which began on February 28 when the United States and Israel jointly struck

‘Governent

Iran, prompting retaliatory attacks from Tehran.

Fuel prices have since reached historic highs in the Philippines, a major oil importer, prompting a declaration of a national energy emergency.

Palace Press Officer Claire Castro said Tuesday, March 31, that the president had directed officials to pursue talks with Iran to

help ensure the continued passage of Philippine-bound oil shipments.

Sen. Sherwin Gatchalian also earlier urged the government to open high-level discussions with Iran.

Data cited by the Department of Energy show that as much as 96% to 98% of the country’s crude oil imports come from the Middle East. n

may need to pass P400 billion...

Saudi Arabian petroleum exports to the Philippines.

“Based on our initial computation, all in all, worst case scenario is – about P400 billion would be needed,” he said in Filipino.

“Let’s say no more oil inflows – that’s the worst case, especially if the situation drags on,” he explained.

In such a scenario, the senator stated that Congress would be forced to trigger a third iteration of the Bayanihan law.

To prepare for the economic shock, Gatchalian said the Senate is already running internal simulations to estimate the cost of widespread government interventions, ranging from targeted transport subsidies to direct cash aid for minimum wage earners.

For the Pantawid Pasada program alone, the committee’s computations showed that required funding could swing wildly, depending on the severity of the crisis, ranging “from P7.6 billion to P61 billion.” While the P400-billion Bayanihan 3 scenario looms, Gatchalian clarified that the government is not yet financially cornered.

He estimated that the executive branch currently has between P188 billion and P200 billion in available funds to finance immediate relief efforts.  (With reports from Jose Rodel Clapano)

Marcos: All Kalayaan Island Group features...

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part of the municipality of Kalayaan in Palawan province.

“It is imperative to adopt a standard set of Philippine names for the maritime features in the KIG for the efficient administration and governance of the area, and the exercise of the country’s sovereignty in the WPS,” states Executive Order No. 111, which was issued on March 26, but was uploaded on the Official Gazette on Tuesday, March 31, night.

Update charts, maps

The 131 KIG features include islets, sandbars, atolls, reefs, shoals and sand cays.

They include Parola (Northeast Cay) Island, Pugad (Southwest Cay) Island, Tatlong-tulis (Trident) Shoal, Bisugo (Lys) Shoal, and Likas (West York) Island, among others.

Through EO 111, the President ordered the National Mapping and Resource Information Authority to produce and publish updated charts and maps that reflect the local names.

Aquino admin mechanism Marcos also directed all national agencies, government-owned and -controlled corporations, and financial institutions to likewise adopt the names in all official communications, messages, and docu-

ments. He also instructed the Department of Education, Commission on Higher Education, Technical Education and Skills Development Authority, and all state universities and colleges to use the standard names in conducting research, publishing textbooks, and preparing educational or instructional materials.

Manila prominently used the renaming mechanism in 2012 under the administration of then President Benigno Aquino. It began referring to the western maritime areas covered by the country’s exclusive economic zone as the West Philippine Sea.

The Philippines and China, along with Brunei, Malaysia, Taiwan and Vietnam have competing claims to areas of the South China Sea, most importantly the Spratlys, which are believed to sit on vast oil and gas resources.

Beijing claims the South China Sea in nearly in its entirety despite an international ruling that its assertion has no legal basis.

The Chinese Embassy in Manila did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

The Philippines laid claim to the KIG in in 1955 before occupying Pag-asa in the 1970s. Fil-

ipino civilians and soldiers and their families have since settled there.

Over the last decade, China has occupied islands and reefs in the Spratlys, fortifying these with military infrastructure, including radar and communications arrays, airstrips and hangars, and surface-to-air and antiship cruise missile systems.

Right to name features The National Maritime Council last year recommended the adoption of a standard set of Philippine names for the KIG features.

It said that doing so would “help demonstrate the Philippines’ right to name such features within its sovereignty, sovereign rights and jurisdiction” under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. It also serves to further implement Republic Act No. 12064, or the 2024 Philippine Maritime Zones Act, which provides that the maritime zones on the archipelago’s western side, including the Luzon Sea and the territorial seas of Panatag (Scarborough) Shoal, or Bajo de Masinloc, and the maritime features of the KIG, shall be collectively called the West Philippine Sea.  (With reports from Agence France-Presse)

Los Angeles County leads...

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than 10 million in 2020, reflecting continued net domestic outmigration. The trend persists even as California records only marginal overall growth, with gains from international migration and natural increase offsetting ongoing departures. Residents leaving Los Angeles County most frequently relocate to states such as Texas, Arizona, Nevada, and Florida.

Structural pressures converge

Economists point to overlapping structural factors rather than a single cause.

Housing and cost of living

Home prices and rents continue to outpace income growth, pushing many households toward more affordable regions such as the Inland Empire or out of state. Elevated transportation and utility costs

add to the burden. Climate and insurance risks

Recurring wildfires across Southern California have introduced additional pressures, particularly in higher-risk areas. Rising insurance premiums and coverage limitations are increasingly cited in relocation decisions. Employment and industry shifts

The entertainment sector, a longstanding economic pillar, continues to adjust amid shifting production patterns. Some projects have moved to states offering competitive tax incentives, contributing to workforce mobility. Fiscal and demographic implications

The Public Policy Institute of California reports that residents leaving California most often cite

housing costs, job opportunities, and overall affordability as primary reasons, with climate risk and employment shifts also playing a role. Political and regulatory concerns appear in survey data but are not universally dominant. Outmigration carries fiscal implications. Higher-income households are more likely, on average, to leave, a trend that can affect tax revenues over time. International migration continues to partially offset these losses.

Despite the decline, Los Angeles County remains the nation’s most populous county. Analysts describe current patterns not as a sudden contraction, but as a recalibration of migration flows shaped by housing constraints, labor market shifts, and the rising cost of living (AJPress)

Probable cause stage of Duterte impeachment...

PAGE 1

ings may be reported out for ple-

nary consideration.

Flores stressed that the proceedings are not a trial but part of a preliminary investigation meant to clarify issues, test witnesses and determine which allegations should be included in any articles of impeachment.

“Under the rules, it says na after determining if there is sufficient grounds, then we have to have a hearing to determine probable cause. So it’s akin to a preliminary investigation,” Flores said.

He added that the rules governing probable cause have long been in place, with only the definition of session days adjusted following the Supreme Court (SC) ruling on the previous impeachment case against Duterte last

year.

“The definition of session days definitely had to adjust because that was the main contention in the Supreme Court ruling, so that’s the only thing that changed. For the rest, we still adopted the same rules that we had ever since,” he said.

Flores said the hearings also aim to ensure that only substantiated allegations are brought before the Senate. He cited the case of detained witness Ramil Madriaga, identified as an alleged former “bagman” of the vice president, whose claims are now under scrutiny by the panel.

Madriaga has emerged as a key figure in allegations tied to the handling of confidential funds and related activities under the Office

of the Vice President. Flores said the committee will assess Madriaga’s credibility before deciding whether his testimony should be included in the case. He also dismissed concerns over the use of the term “mini-trial,” saying it was merely a label for the next stage of the process and did not reflect the nature of the proceedings.

Flores said justice panel chair Rep. Gerville “Jinky Bitrics” Luistro of Batangas did not intend to suggest that the hearings were a full-blown trial, emphasizing that what matters is the committee’s actual work.

“I think what should control is not the titles that are placed, but what we do in the committee,” Flores said. n

USTR flags ‘widespread’ Philippine

While noting strides the Philippine government has made in digitizing customs procedures and curbing corruption, the USTR said these issues remain a persistent concern for U.S. stakeholders.

“Both foreign and domestic investors have expressed concerns about the lack of transparency in judicial and regulatory processes,” it said.

Other trade barriers The report also identified a

range of

strictions and regulatory requirements.

The Philippines maintains an average most-favored-nation

and

PH rice tariff policy may slow down imports

by Jordeene B. lagare Inquirer.net

MANILA — Industry sources said the government’s recent price-index tariff policy may weaken rice imports, triggering market speculation and resulting in higher prices, a report from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) said.

The USDA report titled “Philippines: Grain and Feed Annual” was released in March and said rising farm input costs, particularly for imported chemical fertilizers and petroleum products, may hamper domestic output.

The foreign agency estimated rice imports to reach 5.1 million metric tons (MT) in marketing year 2026-2027 that begins in July, up 15.9 percent from 4.4 million MT in marketing year 2025-2026.

“Industry contacts note that basing tariff rates solely on international prices, rather than considering domestic demand, may inadvertently encourage market speculation, as readily available price information could prompt some actors to withhold stocks in anticipation of further price changes,” it added.

The report did not identify the “industry contacts” and may possibly include actors who are already involved in rice production or importation.

‘Marketing intelligence’

The report has long been used by American producers as “marketing intelligence” in relevant countries, but local producers also frequently use it as a bellwether for regulations and poli-

cies or as a promotion tool for a particular agenda. The Philippines is a net importer of fuel and fertilizer, making the country vulnerable to global price spikes and supply shocks.

The USDA said the government and traders are trying to rebuild stocks from local production with President Marcos declaring a moratorium on rice imports in September last year to protect local farmers from low palay prices during the peak harvest season. The ban was extended until Dec. 31.

The Philippine Department of Agriculture (DA) reported that the measure reduced import volumes and raised farmgate prices to around P17 per kilo for wet palay and P23 per kilo for dry palay by the end of 2025.

The report also said some industry stakeholders are pushing for the reinstatement of the 35-percent tariff on imported rice “to provide greater protection for the local rice industry.”

Data from the Bureau of Plant Industry showed that rice imports totaled 1.17 million MT as of March 26, with 81.46 percent coming from Vietnam.

The Philippine Statistics Authority estimated that palay production may decrease by 7.1 percent to 4.36 million MT in the January to March period from the actual output of 4.7 million MT in the same period a year ago.

Fertilizer alternatives

Meanwhile, Agriculture Secretary Francisco Tiu Laurel Jr. said on Wednesday that the gov-

ernment is studying alternatives to cushion the impact of rising fertilizer prices triggered by the escalating conflict in the Middle East.

“Supply is not the main concern; rather, it is the upward pressure on global prices driven by logistics costs and market uncertainty,” Tiu Laurel said in a statement.

“I reviewed all the figures on where our fertilizer comes from … supply is not the issue—it’s really the price,” he added.

The DA has been scaling up the use of alternatives, including liquid fertilizers, biofertilizers and soil ameliorants, to mitigate the rising cost of petroleum-based inputs even before the United States and Israel attacked Iran on Feb. 28.

Prices of many agricultural products might rise by about P2 to P5 per kilogram, largely driven by transport expenses, the DA chief said.

Tiu Laurel said he and Senator Francis Pangilinan visited the facility of AgriSpecialist Inc. in Laguna which produces biofertilizer developed by the National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology of the University of the Philippines Los Baños.

DA data showed that approximately 20 percent of the country’s 713,000 metric tons of imported urea-based fertilizers came directly from Qatar and Saudi Arabia. The bulk originated from Indonesia, Brunei, Malaysia, China, and Vietnam. Ammonium sulfate fertilizers were solely sourced from China and Japan

President Marcos: ‘Very bare-bones’ Asean summit to push through

by Helen Flores Philstar.com

MANILA

— The Philippines will push through with its hosting of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Summit, President Marcos said yesterday, amid calls from some quarters to postpone it to free up public funds to support vulnerable sectors heavily impacted by the skyrocketing fuel prices sparked by the Middle East conflict.

But President Marcos assured the public that the summit slated in May and November would be scaled down to the “very bare bones,” with discussions centering on urgent issues: energy and food security and migrant workers. In an interview in Silang, Cavite, Marcos said he consulted his counterparts from other ASEAN member states on whether or not they should proceed with the meetings.

“And the question that we –that I asked them is very simple. Would you like – would you prefer, because everybody is busy with the oil crisis that’s going on because of the war in the Middle East, would you like to postpone the ASEAN Summit? The consensus that we came to is that, it is precisely now that we must coordinate our efforts,” Marcos told reporters.

“So, that is what we are going to do. We will push through with the ASEAN Summit, but the way

that we described it is that we have – it is a bare bones ASEAN Summit,” the Chief Executive said.

Agenda: Oil, food, migrant workers

Marcos said ASEAN leaders would shorten their meeting to a day and a half, focusing on three key issues: oil, food and migrant workers.

“What is really needed at this time is for us leaders to talk so we can find out what do we do in the future? What do we do for the rest of the year? What do we do? How can we help each other? And what is the ASEAN position regarding all of these shocks that are coming our way?” Marcos said.

Some lawmakers urged the government to reduce the budget for the ASEAN hosting from P12 billion to P10 billion and use the savings to increase subsidies for vulnerable sectors severely affected by the crisis.

“We have done that. It’s done,” Marcos said, without elaborating.

Asked whether the government is considering hosting just one summit instead of two to save funds, Marcos said there were no discussions yet for the November event, even as he stressed the significance of the 49th ASEAN Leaders’ Summit.

The 48th ASEAN Leaders’ Summit will take place on May 8 to 9 in Cebu, bringing together leaders from the 11 ASEAN

Tsinoy firms cheer Marcos’ China reset

MANILA — A group of Chinese Filipino or Tsinoy businesses on Thursday welcomed President Marcos’ openness to resetting ties with China, particularly the possible revival of joint oil and gas exploration talks, as global energy risks mount.

In a statement, the Federation of Filipino Chinese Chambers of Commerce & Industry, Inc. (FFCCCII) said it was encouraged by Marcos’ remarks that the Philippines remains open to resuming discussions with Beijing, even as territorial disputes persist.

“This statement shows the President’s commitment to ensuring our country’s future and well-being,” FFCCCII president Victor Lim said, adding that Marcos’ statement “reflects a mature and pragmatic approach to statecraft.”

Marcos, in an interview with Bloomberg News, said he was open to reviving stalled negotiations with China on joint oil and gas development in the West Philippine Sea, noting that the ongoing conflict in the Middle East could spur progress.

“That’s something we’ve been talking about for a great deal, but territorial disputes are getting in the way of that,” Marcos said. “Maybe this [conflict in the Middle East] provides impetus for both sides to come to an agree-

More

member-states.

The 49th ASEAN Leaders’ Summit, meanwhile, is scheduled from Nov. 10 to 12 in Manila, at the newly renovated Philippine International Convention Center that will also be attended by leaders from ASEAN’s dialogue partners.

Hosting scaled down

Executive Secretary Ralph Recto said the President has ordered a recalibration of the country’s hosting of ASEAN, scaling down non-essential bloc activities to save on expenses and focus on the most important.

Recto, as ASEAN National Organizing Committee chair, issued on Friday a memorandum to Philippine host agencies to inform all their counterparts that all preparatory meetings – from working group, senior officials to ministerial – will now be held virtually.

In the same memorandum, Recto directed the Department of Foreign Affairs to “hold diplomatic briefings to incorporate appropriate messaging and other changes with the substantive deliverables.”

“As host, we remain committed to our goal of ASEAN, not merely as a platform for dialogue, but as a force for coordinated action and dynamic leadership in a time of crisis,” the executive secretary said.

The 2026 hosting will mark the country’s fourth time to host the ASEAN Summit.

ment.” Marcos likewise said that a reset in ties between Manila and Beijing “is certainly going to happen,” emphasizing that the Philippines has historically separated territorial issues from economic cooperation.

“They haven’t leveraged this in any way. Quite the contrary, they’ve been very helpful in terms of, for example, fertilizer. We import a great deal of fertilizer from China,” he said.

Practical cooperation

FFCCCII said practical cooperation in energy security could provide a “viable pathway” to ensuring stable and affordable ener-

gy supply, particularly as global oil markets face heightened volatility.

“We firmly believe that practical cooperation in energy security offers a viable pathway to securing a stable, affordable and sustainable energy future,” it said.

Looking ahead, the FFCCCII urged stakeholders to support efforts to find common ground.

“We urge all stakeholders in the country to support this pragmatic course, as the pursuit of common ground serves the highest interests of the Filipino people, the stability of the region, and the enduring vitality of our economic partnerships,” it added. n

than half of Filipinos suffer housing-related woes — report

MANILA — At least half of Filipinos have expressed difficulty in housing in 2025, according to a report.

Citing data from Gallup, The Economist said that the Philippines is one of many countries across Asia experiencing difficulties in housing, and the high costs are the likely culprit.

More than half of Filipino respondents stated they had housing-related concerns. The country was followed by Sri Lanka and Myanmar.

The same Gallup data found that the Philippines surpasses developed countries such as South Korea, Singapore, Australia and the United States.

In the 2023 Urban Land Institute Asia Pacific Home Attainability Index, the Philippines’ ratio to median monthly rent to medium monthly income is the highest in Asia. This means that there is a large gap between how much a household makes— and how much they could afford to live in a house.

Home prices in the Philippines cost between 16 to 25 times the annual household income.

Meanwhile, the median monthly rent is over US$1,000, which is 166% of the median monthly household income.

Data from the Congressional Policy and Budget Research Department found that in 2022, the average Filipino household made an average monthly income of P15,820.

According to Wise.com, a one-bedroom apartment in the metro ranges from P8,000 to P40,000 per month, which translates to P96,000 to P480,000 per year.  President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. has set a lofty goal for housing in the Philippines, initially promising to build 6 million houses by the end of his term—a goal that his since been recalibrated to 3.2 million. n

U.S. expands social media vetting...

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of potential security risks.

From disclosure to enforcement: a maturing vetting framework

The current policy stems from a 2019 shift that formally integrated social media identifiers into visa screening. Since then, disclosure has become a routine part of visa review.

Applicants are required to pro-

Official guidance emphasizes complete and accurate disclosure, not mandatory changes to privacy settings. Global consistency across U.S. consular operations

The policy is applied across U.S. embassies and consulates worldwide, including the U.S. Embassy in the Philippines. Misrepresentation carries lasting immigration consequences Failure to disclose required identifiers or providing false information may result in visa refusal. Under U.S. immigration law, material misrepresentation can lead to ineligibility for future visas. Practitioners note that inconsistencies between submitted

Dateline PhiliPPines

Baguio logs 50% drop in tourist arrival

by artEMio DuMLao Philstar.com

BAGUIO CITY , Philippines

—

The number of people visiting Baguio has decreased by 50 percent, which city officials attributed to surging fuel prices.

Mayor Benjamin Magalong yesterday said that higher transport costs have dampened travel demand, particularly from Luzon’s lowland markets, which account for a majority of visitors to the na-

tion’s summer capital. Industry groups reported a similar drop in bookings. Andrew Pinero, spokesman for the Hotel and Restaurant Association of Baguio (HRAB), said reservations among member-establishments have decreased by around 30 percent since March, with some operators seeing weaker walk-in traffic.

To attract more travelers, hotels and restaurants have introduced promotions including discounted

room rates, bundled accommodation and dining packages, and value-added offers such as free meals and extended stays. The promotions are intended to sustain occupancy and customer spending.

Pinero said the HRAB expects demand to remain soft if fuel prices stay high.

He said that the ongoing promotions are intended to ease the decline and maintain business activity until travel demand recovers.

Filipino EV taxi operators deploy hundreds of electric taxis on GrabTaxi Electric as fuel costs surge

Multi-operator partnership gives commuters wider access to fully electric rides while demonstrating that Filipino-owned fleets can lead the shift to more sustainable urban transport

FILIPINO electric-vehicle taxi operators – EV Taxi Corporation, EnviroCab, TaxiKo Transport Services, KateMikylla, CMAIII, ManilaTrans Taxi Corp, and Sun & Bin Transportation Corporation, have activated hundreds of hybrid and electric taxi units on GrabTaxi Electric.

The expansion comes as fuel prices continue to climb sharply across the Philippines, putting added pressure on operators of combustion-engine fleets. In early March alone, the Department of Energy flagged possible pump price hikes of P17.50 to P24.25 per liter for diesel and P7 to P13 per liter for gasoline, marking the ninth straight weekly increase for gasoline at the time. For fleet operators running traditional taxis, these swings translate directly into tighter margins and less predictable daily earnings.

Electric vehicles, by contrast, offer a fundamentally different cost structure. Operators say electric taxis, even before the latest surge in oil prices, were already running at roughly 75% to 87% lower cost per kilometer than a typical internal-combustion taxi. In the current environment, this gives EV taxi operators a more stable, more resilient, and more sustainable business model.

For the participating operators, GrabTaxi Electric provides more than digital visibility. By activating on Grab’s platform, Filipino-owned EV taxi fleets gain direct access to millions of on-demand commuters – the kind of consistent, high-volume demand that is difficult to generate through street-hail alone. Several operators report that on-demand bookings through GrabTaxi Electric now account for more than 80% of their average daily transactions, demonstrating that platform-matched demand materially improves fleet utilization.

The partnership also advances the objectives of the Electric Vehicle Industry Development

Act (EVIDA/RA11697), which promotes expedited LTFRB franchise processing for EV public utility vehicles. The LTFRB has previously affirmed its support for accelerating the transition of taxi fleets to electric vehicles as part of the government’s broader transport modernization and clean energy agenda.

“When we invested in an all-electric fleet, the challenge was never the vehicle. It was the demand. Street-hail alone could not sustain the utilization rates we needed to make this business work. Activating on GrabTaxi Electric changed the equation. We now have a reliable stream of on-demand bookings that keep our units productive across the day. For a Filipino operator, that is the difference between an EV fleet that survives and the one that scales. We are proud that this is a partnership built on local operators and Filipino enterprise, not foreign capital,” said Eric Ke, Chief Mobility Strategist of EV Taxi Corp. How to Book GrabTaxi Electric

Passengers open the Grab app and enter their pick-up and drop-off points as they would for any regular Grab ride. From the Transport tab, they select the vehicle options for their route, then scroll to the Taxi section and toggle to “Electric taxi.” Fares follow LTFRB-regulated metered taxi rates.

GrabTaxi Electric is currently in beta, rolling out across Metro Manila hubs including Makati, Taguig, Pasig, Pateros, Marikina, Manila, San Juan, Mandaluyong, Pasay, and select areas of Paranaque and Quezon City. Grab has also announced plans to expand its eco-mobility strategy to regional cities, including Cebu and Davao, as EV taxi adoption accelerates nationwide.

Grab said the partnership reflects its role in connecting commuters to transport options that are both practical and forward-looking. “Grab is proud to serve as a bridge between

the riding public and the Filipino operators who are leading the shift to electric mobility,” shares Gines Barot, Grab Philippines General Manager for Mobility. “What makes this partnership distinct is that it is driven by local entrepreneurs who made the decision to invest in EV fleets and chose Grab as their platform to reach commuters at scale. Our role is to make sure they succeed by providing the demand, the technology, and the trust infrastructure that turns EV investment into a viable business. As fuel costs continue to rise, we believe that this model points the way forward: Filipino-owned, platform-powered, and built around a transport future that is more sustainable and more resilient.”

Safety and Trust

Both passengers and drivers of GrabTaxi Electric can access to the full suite of safety features Grab has long been known for, including AudioProtect for secure in-ride audio capture during safety incidents, Trip Monitoring for detecting unusual disruptions along a journey, Share Your Ride for live trip sharing with trusted contacts, Emergency Assistance tools within the Safety Center for faster support, and insurance programs that provide added protection on the road.

GrabTaxi Electric driver-partners, meanwhile, can also benefit from Grab’s robust incentive ecosystem and other targeted earning mechanisms designed to help support viable earnings.  What Comes Next

The multi-operator deployment on GrabTaxi Electric represents the demand side of the electric transition: proving that EV taxis can earn on-platform at commercially viable levels. Grab Philippines is also working across its broader ecosystem to make electric vehicles more accessible for the next wave of drivers and operators who want to make the switch. This article is brought to you by Grab Philippines. (Inquirer.net)

Bail denied for Zaldy’s 9 co-accused

by DaphnE gaLvEZ Philstar.com

MANILA — The Sandiganbayan has upheld its decision denying the plea to post bail of nine co-accused of lawmaker-turned-fugitive Zaldy Co in the Oriental Mindoro flood control malversation case.

In a 27-page resolution, the anti-graft court’s Sixth Division denied for lack of merit the motion for reconsideration filed by former officials of the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) Mimaropa that sought to reverse the denial of their plea to post bail.

The court disagreed with the accused’s argument that the prosecution’s evidence failed to show conspiracy, saying that their acts of making their respective certifications, recommendations or approvals were done to release DPWH funds to Co-linked contractor Sunwest Inc., despite its failure to accomplish the works in compliance with the required specifications.

Denied bail were Gerald Pacanan, former regional director; Gene Ryan Altea, former assistant regional director; Ruben D.S. Santos, former assistant regional director; Dominic Serrano,

Philstar.com’s screenshot

Co

former chief, construction division and bids and awards committee (BAC) chairman; Felisardo Casuno, former project engineer 3; Lerma Cayco, former accountant IV ; Dennis Abagon, former OIC-chief, quality assurance and hydrology division and regular member, BAC; Montrexis Tamayo, former planning and design division OIC, and Juliet Calvo, former maintenance division chief. More prosecutors Meanwhile, Justice Secretary

Fredderick Vida reported significant improvements in case resolutions following the increase in the number of prosecutors since 2022. From 2,883 prosecutors that made up the Department of Justice’s National Prosecution Service manpower in 2022, the figure rose to 3,025 in 2023, 3,240 in 2024 and 3,968 as of March 2026, he said in his 100-day accomplishment report on Tuesday, March 31. (With reports from Ghio Ong)

Global Filipinos as the Architects of a New Culinary Frontier

IN the contemporary geopolitical landscape, a nation’s sovereignty is no longer measured solely by the rigidity of its borders or the volume of its traditional commodities, but by the “soft power” of its cultural resonance. For the Philippines, an archipelago of 7,641 islands defined by a history of layered cultural encounters, food has emerged as the ultimate anchor. The current “coming of age” of Filipino cuisine is not a mere trend of the palate; it is a sophisticated reclamation of identity led by the professional vanguard of Global Filipinos.

The Domestic Hearth as a Political Foundation Historically, the Filipino culinary narrative was confined to the private sphere, the domestic warmth of the kusina (kitchen) and the insular spirit of the fiesta (community festival). Unlike the highart branding of Japan or the meticulously exported “cool” of South Korea, Filipino flavors remained stubbornly localized, a “hidden” secret shared only within the community.

Editorial

property,” protecting the “heirloom” soul of the nation - such as the rare, artisanal Asin Tibuok (a labor-intensive, smoky “unbroken salt” from Bohol) - against the sanitizing, homogenizing forces of globalized fast food. The Gold Standard: Benchmarking Global Best Practices

The turning point was the signing of Presidential Proclamation No. 469 on April 3, 2018, which officially institutionalized Filipino Food Month. This was more than a ceremonial gesture; it was a state-level recognition that our culinary heritage is as vital to the national identity as our history or our language. By 2026, the theme “Connected by Taste” has successfully moved the conversation beyond simple recipes. It has framed the culinary arts as “intangible cultural

babe’s eye view

AS tensions rise in key oil-producing regions, significant global supply disruption is occurring with Brent crude showing volatility since the start of the conflict. History shows that even the perception of instability can already drive prices sharply upward.

For countries like the Philippines which imports a vast majority of their fuel requirements, the implications are profound and far reaching. Oil is not just about transport or electricity – it directly affects food prices, industrial output and the daily cost of living for millions of Filipinos.

The situation today must not be treated as a routine fluctuation, but as a potential crisis requiring decisive and coordinated action. Global economists are closely tracking developments across the Middle East and other critical supply corridors, fully aware that even a limited disruption – whether from conflict, shipping constraints or geopolitical miscalculation – could trigger a broader economic shock.

But even as major powers move to stabilize global markets, countries like ours must prepare for the possibility that volatility

Commentary

Gary B. Teves

THE Philippines faces structural constraints limiting its ability to attract and retain investments. Some key bottlenecks include:

1. Slow implementation of electronic business one-stop shops (eBOSS). The eBOSS, mandated under the Ease of Doing Business Act of 2018, allows businesses to apply for and renew permits through a single digital platform integrating local government unit (LGU) approvals. Implemented by the Anti-Red Tape Authority, it reduces paperwork, processing time, and face-to-face interactions that often cause delays and corruption. However, implementation is uneven: of 1,637 LGUs, only 112 were considered fully compliant by the end of 2024. Low LGU compliance stems from limited digital infrastructure, inadequate technical capacity of personnel, budget constraints, and resis-

The Philippines’ current trajectory is best understood when measured against the blueprints of the world’s gastro-diplomacy leaders. These nations proved that international culinary dominance is never an accident of migration; it is a result of deliberate, state-backed capitalization and intellectual positioning.

• The Thai “Global Thai” Model: Since 2002, Thailand has treated its overseas restaurants as informal embassies. By providing low-interest loans and prefabricated restaurant blueprints, the Thai government effectively de-risked entrepreneurship for its

Emergency measures: Bracing for the oil crisis

will persist – and perhaps intensify.

The first priority is clear: ensure supply continuity. The Philippines must proactively engage existing suppliers while expanding its network of energy partners. Diversification is no longer a long-term goal; it’s an immediate necessity. Strengthening ties with traditional Middle Eastern suppliers is not enough. We need to accelerate our energy mix with renewable energy. For now, we need adequate domestic reserves. While we do not maintain stockpiles on the scale of larger economies, there is room to enhance buffer capacity through closer government and private sector coordination. Even a small increase in reserves can be a lifesaver.

At this crucial stage, recognizing the role of the private sector in complementing government efforts is also important.

I have long admired the quiet but decisive leadership of Ricky Razon, whose global reach and network have repeatedly proven valuable to the nation in times of need. During the height of the pandemic, he stepped forward, putting up the funds for the procurement of 20 million doses of Moderna vaccines – an act

that significantly accelerated the country’s recovery.

Which is why it is encouraging to see that Ricky is utilizing his international connections, particularly in South America, for arrangements to secure an immediate supply of approximately one million barrels of oil. While this may not fully offset global pressures, it represents the kind of timely, practical intervention that can help stabilize supply and give us breathing space. Such efforts underscore an important reality: in moments of crisis, national resilience is strongest when public and private sectors move in concert. A next priority is managing the domestic impact of rising oil prices that ripple across the economy. Transport fares rise, food prices follow and inflationary pressures build. For ordinary Filipinos –particularly those in vulnerable sectors – this can quickly translate into real hardship.

Temporary but sustainable measures to support affected sectors may be necessary, such as fuel subsidies for public transport drivers, assistance for farmers and fishermen. Stabilizing prices of basic commodities can help reduce the burden for consumu PAGE 7

Addressing bottlenecks to investment

tance to administrative change.

2. Port congestion. Port congestion is a major logistics challenge. In February 2026, yard utilization at the Port of Manila reached 78 percent and 88.6 percent at the Manila International Container Terminal, exceeding the optimal 70-percent threshold and slowing cargo clearance. The recent surge in congestion was largely driven by the accumulation of empty containers that took up valuable yard space and slowed the movement of incoming and outgoing cargo. The fundamental cause of port congestion is the still subpar efficiency in port operations causing slow movement of containers. The Bureau of Customs (BOC) is currently enforcing the 90day dwell time limit for empty containers. If not taken out within that period, containers may be treated as imported cargo, requiring payment of applicable duties and taxes as well as administrative penalties ranging from P100,000 to

citizens abroad. Their “Thai SELECT” certification created a global seal of trust, turning neighborhood eateries into high-functioning sales channels for Thai agricultural products.

• The South Korean “Science and Style” Strategy: Korea successfully detached its cuisine from the “ethnic food” stereotype by investing in the World Institute of Kimchi. By 2026, this institute’s rigorous

AS a patriarchal society, we have the tendency to highlight a single individual, especially males, and enshrine them into places of honor, our pantheon of heroes, naming streets, schools, and public places in their honor, and even designating a day of commemoration. For California, Cesar Chavez is one such person.

A years-long investigation by the New York Times into Cesar Chavez, an icon of the farmworker movement, reported allegations that he was a very flawed individual who sexually abused girls, and even Dolores Huerta. Chavez and Huerta co-founded the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA), a precursor to the United Farm Workers (UFW), which came about through a merger of NFWA, which was predominantly Mexican in membership, and AWOC (Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee), a predominantly Filipino organization. This exposé has led some cities, especially in California, to cancel Cesar Chavez Day celebrations, and in some cases to cover up monuments as resolutions for their

P300,000.

3. Delays in energy projects and high cost of energy. Energy infrastructure remains one of the most critical determinants of investment decisions, particularly for energy-intensive industries such as semiconductors and data centers. Delays in energy projects and high energy costs limit the country’s ability to attract largescale investments.

In 2024, Filipino households paid an average of P12.60–P13.00 per kilowatt-hour (kWh) for electricity, second only to Singapore at P13.70–P14.00 per kWh. Despite the wide disparity in per capita income, Filipino households pay almost the same rate as Singaporeans. Rates in the Philippines were nearly double those of its neighbors like Thailand (P8.00), Indonesia (P5.70), and Malaysia (P1.70). Additionally, these countries have higher per capita income than the Philippines but pay u PAGE 7

BECAUSE our government has never been good at thinking long term and planning for contingencies, every crisis brings about a flowering of populist knee jerk ideas that will make things worse.

Our current oil crisis is no exception. Members of Congress out for good optics or sound bites suggest things like re-nationalizing Petron. Yet, we all know how inept our government is in managing anything these days.

We should thank our lucky stars Petron is now in private hands. Not only did San Miguel keep the refinery when scrapping it made more business sense; San Miguel invested $2 billion to upgrade it so that it can now produce more diesel and gasoline per barrel of crude oil.

R&D into fermentation and immune health has repositioned Korean food as a “science-backed lifestyle choice.” Simultaneously, the government provided aesthetic subsidies, consulting on interior design and providing high-end traditional tableware, ensuring that overseas restaurants felt like premium cultural spaces rather than mere dining halls. u PAGE 7

removal are being debated. The reported allegations are shocking and deplorable. But merely removing him from our pantheon of heroes does not resolve the underlying conditions that enabled such behavior, so to speak. Despite being sexually assaulted, Huerta decided to remain silent at that time. From the interview she gave NPR after the exposé, one of the reasons she cites is that no one might believe her. During the period in question, the mid-1960s to the 1970s, the burden of proof on accusations of sexual assault or rape usually fell on women, if they could withstand the public scrutiny and negative innuendo that follow such accusations. Many women have chosen to just remain silent, coming out years later when they “felt safe.”

Maria Hinojosa shared her story to empathize with Dolores Huerta during their interview, saying, “we are both survivors of rape.” This derision and skepticism when women make accusations of sexual assault against men is gender inequality, part of an invisible knapsack of advantages and privileges

that men carry and take for granted. We are probably in a better place today, thanks to the feminist movement, and more recently, the “me too” movement. But much work still needs to be done, for this requires a cultural change where men, too, consider such behavior as “unthinkable.”

The broader context which constrained Huerta was the task of building a farm worker movement that challenged growers for higher wages and better working conditions, and at the same time, undertaking a political campaign for legislation for farm worker civil rights. Chavez had become the face of the movement, which still was in its infancy. To build this movement required farmworkers, hundreds of volunteers, and support from political leaders. It also required a leadership that was beyond reproach. Had Huerta accused Chavez of misconduct during that period, support from volunteers and politicians could have collapsed. Farmworkers, too, would feel hesitant to join and pay dues to a union led by someone u PAGE 7

drop in demand and a sharp drop in international oil prices. Petron had more expensive crude stock in normal storage resulting in inventory losses.

If the government buys back Petron now, it will be run by incompetent political supporters of whoever is in the Palace. That’s what happened to PNOC. The top positions in PNOC became sinecures for loyal political supporters.

If the government has money to buy back Petron, which is doubtful, it is better used to build crude and product storage tanks in Bataan and product tanks in key regional centers so that we will have a national strategic oil storage capability.

Government ownership of Petron will not guarantee stability of pump prices nor assure stability of supply because those are driven by the international market. Government ownership guarantees interference and favors to feed the greed of politicians.

Incidentally, Petron also lost P11 billion during the pandemic due to a combination of unprecedented

It was a very different time when the government bought Esso which became Petron. It inherited a very well-trained staff of oil industry professionals with a work ethic and a system of operations that worked well in Esso’s worldwide operations. Petron also didn’t lose its private sector identity. Its employees were members of SSS, not GSIS. It operated without most of the constraints of government corporations so it can compete with Shell and Caltex.

Ayuda is another knee jerk response popular with the public and our politicians. There is no denying our masa needs help at times like this but we must start to build the institutional processes that will make implementation of ayuda smooth, fair and free of corruption.

DSWD, with the help of LTFRB, must maintain a list of drivers who are qualified to receive aid when fuel prices rise significantly. Such a list can be done. We did it for the Pantawid Pamilya program. Government agencies must not be conjuring such a list only when it is needed.

Until that’s done, the only help that could be managed well is reducing or eliminating taxes. We will not dispute the contention of economists that this is a less desirable means of helping in a crisis but it is the quickest and least susceptible to corruption leaks.

Because the targeted assistance or ayuda now being given to drivu PAGE 7

DOJ extends visa relief for foreigners in PH until May 1

by giDEon tinsay Philstar.com

THE Department of Justice has extended its visa relief program for foreign nationals affected by the Middle East conflict.

DOJ Sec. Fredderick Vida announced on Mar. 31 that the department is extending the program to May 1 under Department Order 219.

“We do understand that there are still some visiting foreigners who have difficulty going back because of the restrictions

PAGE 6

and the various constraints.

So, based on the order I signed yesterday, we’re extending this to May 1,” Vida said in a press briefing.

“(W)e did this unilaterally for humanitarian reasons and the premise of compassion. So, their stay will no longer be a worry regarding the lack of a legal basis to stay in the Philippines would be a worry for them.”

On March 13, Vida signed a department order directing the Bureau of Immigration to allow foreigners whose visas expired

last Feb. 28 to legally stay in the Philippines until April 1. This comes with no additional fees, fines, or penalties. Vida added that the visa relief program emphasizes the country’s commitment to humanity in times of global crisis.

Several airlines have temporarily suspended flights to Dubai amid the US-Israeli war on Iran. Link for list of affected trips https://philstarlife.com/newsand-views/142891-list-airlinesthat-have-temporarily-suspended-flights-to-dubai?page=2 .

Emergency measures...

ers. However, there must be discipline to ensure that emergency assistance goes to those who are in most need without overspending public funds.

The third – and most strategic – priority is accelerating energy resilience. Lessons from past oil crises show that over-dependence on imported fossil fuels is a structural vulnerability.

We have made great progress in expanding renewable energy. Our natural advantages in solar, wind and geothermal energy can help shield us from global oil price spikes. It is urgent therefore that approvals for renewable projects be streamlined. Investments in grid modernization must be accelerated, and policies that encourage private sector participation must be strengthened and made more predictable.

Ensuring a reliable power supply will require a mix of transitional sources, including natural gas, as we shift towards a more sustainable and cleaner future.

In Washington, discussions increasingly reflect a dual approach – managing immediate risks while investing in long-term transformation. The United States and its

allies are focused on stabilizing oil markets and reshaping the global energy landscape through innovation, strategic reserves and strengthened partnerships. This presents a clear opportunity for the Philippines to gain.

Enhanced cooperation with other like-minded partners can play a vital role in strengthening our energy security. This includes not only access to supply but also collaboration in clean energy technology, infrastructure development and investment. At the same time, we must not overlook our neighbors in Southeast Asia who share common vulnerabilities when it comes to energy dependence. Greater regional coordination – whether through shared reserves, joint procurement mechanisms or enhanced information exchange –can significantly improve collective resilience. Oil crises are inherently unpredictable, but their consequences can be managed through foresight, coordination and decisive leadership. As ASEAN chair, the Philippines is in a unique position to elevate energy security as a regional priority at a time when it matters most. Ultimately, what

is required is not alarm – but preparedness.

The Philippines has weathered similar challenges before, and it can do so again with sound policy, strong alliances and a clear strategic direction.

I was reminded of this in a recent conversation with a senior energy analyst who has seen multiple crises unfold over decades. His observation was both simple and sobering: markets recover, but the countries that act early before the full impact is felt – emerge stronger. Declaring a national energy emergency this early is the right path.

Because in the end, energy security is not just about keeping the lights on – it’s about protecting livelihoods, preserving stability and securing the nation’s future. In moments like this, the difference between vulnerability and resilience is simple: those who act early endure. (Philstar.com)

* * *

The opinions, beliefs and viewpoints expressed by the author do not necessarily reflect the opinions, beliefs and viewpoints of the Asian Journal, its management, editorial board and staff.

Email: babeseyeview@gmail.com

Sexual assault on women, girls, and children...

PAGE 6 morally compromised. Hers was a personal hurt, while the farmworker movement involved a large constituency of farmworkers, volunteers, and political leaders. She said it was her cross to bear.

It is important to understand why the farm worker movement in California, spearheaded by the UFW, was a civil rights movement, not just a movement to unionize farm labor.

The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 gave urban workers, e.g., autoworkers, nurses, teachers, truck drivers, etc., the right to organize and bargain collectively. Urban workers have since taken this act for granted, organizing workplaces whenever they felt a need for better wages and working conditions. But farm workers were explicitly exempted from these protections by this law. And in California, agribusiness corporations took advantage of this exclusion to exploit farmworkers. Without bargaining agreement rights, it often took great organized effort among farmworkers to get growers to agree to higher wages. Even then, such agreements were often seasonal and regional. Philip Vera Cruz, the Filipino Vice President of the UFW, tells how growers would agree to somewhat higher wages during the Coachella Valley harvest early in the season, but would rescind those agreements later when the harvest moved up to the Delano area.

There was a group of farm workers that was able to successfully strike and negotiate for better wages. These were the Filipino migrant farmworkers; they had clout in their numbers, being able

PAGE 6

Global Filipinos as the Architects...

PAGE 6

Global Filipinos: Transitioning from Presence to Power

The Philippines has finally begun to bridge this capital gap, moving from passive promotion to active intervention. In March 2026, the DTI’s P2-billion ($33.2 million) Negosyo Fund for overseas workers and the P3-billion ($49.8 million)loan facility for exporters represent the first major financial pillars for Global Filipinos looking to scale. This marks a departure from the “organic growth” of the past; it is the state finally acting as a venture capitalist for its own culture.

Furthermore, the infrastructure of food tourism has evolved into a narrative experience. With Iloilo recognized as a UNESCO Creative City of Gastronomy and the Philippines hosting the 2026 UN Tourism World Forum on Gastronomy Tourism in Cebu, the nation is constructing the institutional scaffolding necessary to compete for the global “experience economy.”

The Structural Imperatives of Gastro-Diplomacy

For the Philippines to fully capitalize on this momentum, the

PAGE 6

to quickly organize along ethnic lines as the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC), and even get sponsorship from a national labor union, the AFL-CIO.

In the meantime, Dolores Huerta, a community social worker, and Cesar Chavez, a community activist, met and decided to start organizing Mexican farmworkers under the National Farm Worker Association (NFWA). This organization was just three years old when its path would intersect with AWOC. AWOC decided to strike the table grape growers in Delano, California, and invited NFWA to join. In the beginning, Chavez and Huerta were hesitant, but a week later were prevailed upon to join. This new strength in numbers enabled them to picket more farms and prevented growers from hiring one group against the other. A year into the Delano grape strike, both AWOC and NFWA merged to form the United Farm Workers of America, now simply known as the UFW. This larger entity would mount the farmworker civil rights campaign that included marches to Sacramento to lobby for legislation, and grape boycotts at supermarkets where volunteers passed out leaflets urging people not to buy non-union grapes. These led to the passage of the California Agricultural Labor Relations Act (CALRA) of 1975, which granted farmworkers the right to organize and bargain collectively. CALRA 1975 was the first of its kind, nationwide, to give collective bargaining rights to farm workers. The New York Times’ reporting that the icon of the farm worker civil rights movement faced serious allegations is sad and tragic. It is especially so for everyone who

supported this movement: the farmworkers, the volunteers who gave hours of their time during the grape boycott and the marches to Sacramento, and the political leaders like the Kennedys who identified with his crusade. The late Senator Robert Kennedy thanked Chavez and the farmworkers for their support in winning California’s presidential primary. Tragically, he was assassinated that same night. Ethel Kennedy celebrated communion with Chavez as he ended his 36-day fast in 1988.

I remember spending a couple of weekends at 40 Acres, hammering nails into the wood frame of a building that would become Agbayani Village, the retirement home of aging Filipino farm workers.

Cesar Chavez’s exit from the pantheon of heroes offers an opportunity for us to address what has heretofore been an intractable problem: the gender-based inequalities that enabled such behavior, along with many other men who have assaulted women, young girls, and children. How much more of a consciousness-raising campaign do we need to make sexual violence unthinkable? We can start by unconditionally supporting its victims, encouraging them to speak out, and making outcasts of its perpetrators.

*

The opinions, beliefs and viewpoints expressed by the author do not necessarily reflect the opinions, beliefs and viewpoints of the Asian Journal, its management, editorial board and staff.

* * * Enrique de la Cruz is Professor Emeritus of Asian American Studies at California State University, Northridge. He currently serves as a Commissioner for Human Relations with the City of Los Angeles.

Knee jerk ideas...

ers is so small, do not expect them to drive their routes without a fare increase given the significant rise in diesel prices. This ayuda is merely designed to show BBM is doing something.

Price control is another stupid idea. That will just make oil products disappear from the market. We have no control over oil prices. That’s controlled by the international market that is subject to geopolitical events like wars.

Some people are probably thinking that the government must cap domestic oil prices. Not only is it unfair to require the oil companies paying higher international prices to lose money, price control also doesn’t work.

As The Economist explains, “such interventions will do more harm than good. High prices and fat profits tell consumers to economize on energy while encouraging producers to find and sell more…

“It is arithmetically impossible for every government to shield its consumers from the energy shortage. So long as the Strait of Hormuz remains closed, the world has lost 15 percent of its oil supply; add in damage to Qatar’s facilities, and the global supply of

LNG is down by about a fifth. No amount of subsidy can bring this back. Global energy consumption must fall.

“Regulatory interventions do not cost money, but are just as likely to backfire…”

The only thing the government can control is the tax component of gasoline and diesel pump prices. The problem with government technocrats at the finance department is a single-minded focus on collecting with ease even in the face of a national emergency like what we have today.

Former congressman Joey Salceda recalled how the DOF opposed a CREATE provision that changed the prevailing system requiring Petron to pay taxes and duties on crude oil immediately upon arrival. CREATE made the taxes and duties payable when the processed petroleum products leave the refinery.

Salceda recalls how he fought for that CREATE provision.

“What it does is stop the government from using the refinery’s working capital as a float. Without it, Petron finances VAT and customs duties on every crude shipment before producing a single

liter of gasoline. It will be difficult for any refinery to survive that cash flow structure…

“Five years later, the provision is earning its keep…”

Cong Joey estimates that based on our national consumption of roughly 20 billion liters per year, Petron is saving us P30 billion to P40 billion annually in additional consumer spending, which would have otherwise flowed out of the country to Singapore refiners and international traders.

Assuring the nation there is a sufficient supply of oil products is wrong when we know our inventory level is precarious. Such assurance will bite back BBM and DOE if our supply dries up as the war extends. It is better to prepare for the worst-case scenario. If it doesn’t come, we can celebrate. We should not be caught by surprise.

(Philstar.com)

* * * The opinions, beliefs and viewpoints expressed by the author do not necessarily reflect the opinions, beliefs and viewpoints of the Asian Journal, its management, editorial board and staff.

* * * Boo Chanco’s email address is bchanco@ gmail.com. Follow him on X @boochanco

evolution of Global Filipinos from community cooks to international ambassadors requires four critical shifts in state strategy: 1. Institutionalizing Quality: Mirroring the Thai model, a formalized global certification is no longer optional. A “Philippine Select” seal must grant priority access to subsidized, high-value exports - such as premium Calamansi, Barako coffee, and heirloom rice - ensuring that a diner in London experiences the same authentic linamnam(savory deliciousness) as one in Manila.

2. The Digital Logistics Vanguard: Utilizing the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) 2026 Food Systems Transformation agenda, the nation must establish a digital “Fresh-to-Foreign” pipeline. Modernizing cold-chain logistics ensures that essential, volatile ingredients like the Batuan (Garcinia binucao) fruit - the clean, sharp souring agent of Western Visayan cuisine - are accessible globally. Without it, our global kitchens are forced into compromise, diluting the “soul” of our regional identities.

3. Cultural Convergence Branding: Much like the Korean model,

the state must link culinary promotion with entertainment. Strategic “food-placement” in global streaming content will normalize the vocabulary of Filipino dishes, transitioning them from “exotic” curiosities to “essential” global cravings.

4. Technical Diplomacy: The negotiation of bilateral “Chef Visas” with major hubs of Global Filipinos remains a vital necessity. Ensuring that restaurant owners abroad can recruit master chefs trained through programs by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and the Department of Tourism (DOT) ensures that this culinary “Coming of Age” is backed by world-class technical precision and historical authenticity.

The Sovereignty of Flavor Filipino food has outgrown the need to explain itself or negotiate for space. By treating our unique flavors as a strategic national asset and empowering Global Filipinos with real capital, we are doing more than exporting meals; we are exporting our history. The plate is the ultimate archive and the world is finally ready to read the story. (AJPress)

Addressing bottlenecks...

much less for power.

The Philippines already struggles with high electricity costs which could be worsened by the Iran–United States–Israel conflict driving up crude oil and natural gas prices.

To streamline approvals, the government established the Energy Virtual One-Stop Shop (EVOSS) platform to integrate permits, licenses, and clearances for energy projects, but as of September 2024, only 56 of 103 processes were included. A 2025 study by the World Bank Group noted that developers are still required to secure numerous permits and licenses from LGUs, various agencies, and bureaus, often revisiting the same offices multiple times at different stages. Transmission projects also face major delays, largely due to rightof-way (ROW) acquisition issues. About 75 percent of the projects of the National Grid Corp. of the Philippines (NGCP) are delayed due to ROW. Such delays raise project costs and uncertainty. Conclusion and recommenda-

tions. Unlocking the Philippines’ investment potential requires urgent reforms across key sectors.

Key recommendations include:

1. Incentivize LGUs to adopt eBOSS and EVOSS. The government should provide financial and technical support for LGUs with lower development and digitization capacity. These include providing information technology infrastructure and digitalization capacity-building for staff.

2. Enhance port efficiency. In the short term, the BOC can reduce the maximum dwell time to 60 days from 90 as well as further increase penalties to up to P500,000. Key solutions include scheduling trucks with precise time slots to avoid queues, using digital tracking for trucks and cargo, and ensuring smooth processing of customs paperwork.

3. Speed up grid expansion by allowing private investments. In October 2025, the Department of Energy released a draft department circular (DC) allowing generation companies to finance and build transmission facilities

to connect new power plants, with costs later reimbursed by NGCP. As of end February 2026, the DC is still under review. The DC should be finalized and issued as soon as possible to accelerate the construction of transmission infrastructure and other energy projects. By strengthening regulatory efficiency, accelerating digitalization, and enhancing infrastructure, the country can attract more investors, especially those who are considering relocating their businesses from the Gulf states due to the ongoing Middle East conflict. The Philippines must position itself as a competitive investment destination in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations region. (Inquirer.net)

* * * The opinions, beliefs and viewpoints expressed by the author do not necessarily reflect the opinions, beliefs and viewpoints of the Asian Journal, its management, editorial board and staff.

* * * Gary B. Teves is a Filipino politician and public servant who served as secretary of the Department of Finance.

PAMPUBLIKONG PAGDINIG NG LUNGSOD NG ALAMEDA TUNGKOL SA PLANO NG AKSYON NG CDBG PARA SA FY 2026-27

Ang Lungsod ng Alameda (Lungsod) ay isang Lungsod ng Karapatan sa Programang Blokeng Gawad sa Pagpapaunlad ng Komunidad (Community Development Block Grant, CDBG) ng Kagawaran ng Pabahay at Pagpapaunlad ng Kalunsuran (Housing and Urban Development, HUD) ng U.S. Sa Mayo 5, 2026, susuriin ng Konseho ng Lungsod ang iminumungkahing at Planong Aksyon ng Taon ng FY 2026-27. Nakasaad sa Taunang Plano ng Aksyon para sa FY 2026-27 ang plano ng Lungsod para matugunan ang mga Pangangailangan ng Lungsod ng Alameda kabilang ang paggamit ng mga pondo ng HUD mula sa CDBG at Programa ng HOME para sa Pamumuhunan sa Pabahay (Investment Partnerships, HOME). Ang mga ispesipikong layunin para sa parating na taon ay tatalakayin sa iminumungkahing Planong Aksyon na sasakop sa panahon na Hulyo 1, 2026 hanggang Hunyo 30, 2027. Ang iminumungkahing Planong Aksiyon ng FY 2026-27 ay maglalaan ng humigit-kumulang na $1 milyon sa Mga Pondo ng Karapatan ng CDBG at tinatantiyang $60,000 na Kita ng Programa ng CDBG at humigit-kumulang $180,000 ng mga pondo ng HOME.

MAKUKUHA PARA SA PAGSUSURI NG PUBLIKO

Simula Abril 3, 2026, ang Plano ng Aksyon para sa FY 2026-27, kasama ang mga detalye ng pagpopondo, ay maaaring ma-access sa website ng Lungsod ng Alameda sa https://www. alamedaca.gov/Departments/Housing-and-Human-Services

PAGKAKATAON NA MARINIG

Ang publiko ay hinihimok at iniimbitahan na lumahok sa proseso ng Planong Aksyon ng CDBG/ HOME at upang magkomento tungkol sa mga plano sa pabahay at pagpapaunlad ng komunidad, nang pabigkas o nakasulat, sa sumusunod na nakatakdang Pampublikong Pagdinig: Mayo 5, 2026 Pulong ng Konseho ng Lungsod sa 7:00 p.m.

Pampublikong pagdinig tungkol sa iminungkahing Plano ng Aksyon para sa FY 2026-27 para sa mga pederal na pondo ng CDBG at HOME. Para tingnan ang pampublikong pagdinig, bisitahin ang website ng Lungsod ng Alameda sa: https://alameda.legistar.com/Calendar.aspx

Ang mga komento tungkol sa iminungkahing Plano ng Aksyon ay maaaring isumite sa Housing and Human Services sa (510) 747-6890 o clerk@alamedaca.gov (email). Mangyaring magbigay ng mga komento bago lumampas ang 5:00 p.m. sa Mayo 4, 2026. Ang Konseho ng Lungsod ay makikinig sa mga komento at magsasaalang-alang ng pagpapatibay ng Planong Aksyon sa regular na pulong nito sa 7:00 p.m. sa Mayo 5, 2026. Ang publiko ay hinihimok na lumahok.

MGA PROBISYON PARA SA MGA TAONG MAY KAPANSANAN

Kung ang isang tao na may interes na lumahok sa programang ito ay isang taong may kapansanan gaya ng nilinaw ng Seksyon 504 ng Rehabilitation Act of 1974 at nangangailangan ng kaluwagan upang makalahok o nagkaroon ng interes, ang isang kahilingan para sa kaluwagan ay maaaring gawin sa Housing and Human Services sa (510) 747-6890 (Boses) o sa pamamagitan ng email sa housing@alamedaca.gov. Ang naturang kahilingan ay dapat kabilang ang isang paglalarawan ng kaluwagang hinahangad, kasama ang isang pahayag ng kapansanan na nangangailangan ng kaluwagan. Anumang kahilingan para sa kaluwagan ay dapat suriin at ang isang sagot ay dapat ipagkaloob sa loob ng limang araw ng trabaho pagkatapos matanggap ang naturang kahilingan. Ang paunawa ng anumang kaluwagan na iginawad ay ipagkakaloob agad sa humiling.

MGA PROBISYON SA MGA RESIDENTENG HINDI NAGSASALITA NG INGLES

Ang Lungsod ng Alameda ay may ugnayan ng mga empleyadong nagsasalita ng 45 wika na maaaring kumilos bilang mga tagasalin para sa mga residente na naghahangad ng impormasyon na nauukol sa mga programa ng CDBG/HOME. Kung binigyan ng paunawang maaga ng dalawang araw ng trabaho, maghahanda ang Lungsod para makakuha ng isang interpreter. Mangyaring makipag-ugnayan sa Housing and Human Services sa (510) 747-6890 o sa pamamagitan ng email sa housing@alamedaca.gov.

PATAKARANG WALANG DISKRIMINASYON

Ang Lungsod ng Alameda ay hindi nagdidiskrimina laban sa sinumang mga tao dahil sa lahi, kulay, relihiyon, bansang pinagmulan, angkan, seks, kasarian, kinikilalang kasarian, pagpapahayag ng kasarian, oryentasyong sekswal, katayuang marital, katayuang pampamilya, pinagkukunan ng kita, henetikong impormasyon, kondisyong medikal, kapansanang pisikal o kapansanan ng isipan, o anumang ibang kategoryang protektado ng batas.

Managing your type: Type 2 diabetes and its implications

by Don VelAsco Inquirer.net

TYPE 2 diabetes is one of the most prevalent problems modern society faces. Previously referred to as “adult-onset diabetes,” it is now starting to become more common in younger adults and even children. This marks a global shift in lifestyle and dietary habits. Understanding this condition is the first step in managing a very real risk to your long-term health.

What is Type 2 diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic condition that affects how your body processes blood sugar (glucose). Glucose is the primary source of energy for your body’s cells, and it comes from the food you eat. Once digestion begins, it needs to move glucose from the bloodstream into the cells. To do this, your pancreas produces a hormone called insulin.

For a healthy individual, insulin acts like a key that opens the “doors” of your cells. In someone with Type 2 diabetes, this key is often used too often. As a result, one of two things happens: either the body’s cells become resistant to the effects of insulin or the pancreas eventually loses the ability to produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood sugar levels. When the “key” no longer works or isn’t available in sufficient quantities, sugar builds up in the bloodstream instead of fueling the cells. Over time, these high blood sugar levels can cause significant damage to various systems throughout the body.

The health implications of Type 2 diabetes

The danger of Type 2 diabetes lies in its systemic nature. Because blood flows to every part of the body, chronically high glucose levels can lead to a wide array of medical complications. These issues tend to develop silently over several years.

One of the most common implications is cardiovascular disease. People with diabetes are at a significantly higher risk for heart attacks, strokes, and narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis). Having high sugar levels can damage the inner lining of your blood vessels. This makes it easier for plaque to build up.

Your kidneys also become highly vulnerable. Also known as

diabetic nephropathy, this condition occurs when the tiny filtering systems in the kidneys are damaged by high blood sugar often due to inflammation. In severe cases, this can lead to kidney failure or end-stage renal disease, requiring kidney dialysis or, in extreme cases, a transplant.

Diabetes is also a leading cause of vision loss. Diabetic retinopathy involves damage to the blood vessels in the retina, which can lead to blindness if left untreated. On top of these, other nerve-related issues, known as neuropathy, are caused by diabetes. This often manifests as tingling, numbness, or pain, particularly in the hands and feet. Because neuropathy can reduce the ability to feel pain, minor cuts or blisters on the feet can go unnoticed. Diabetes also makes wound healing more difficult, potentially leading to serious infections and even amputation.

The good news is that Type 2 diabetes is largely preventable, and in many cases, its progression can be halted or even reversed through proactive lifestyle changes. Here are four critical strategies to reduce your risk:

1. Prioritize whole, nutrient-dense foods

Your diet is the most powerful preventative tool. Focus on shifting away from highly processed carbohydrates and refined sugar as these cause rapid spikes in blood sugar and put a heavy load on your pancreas. Instead, fill your plate with fiber-rich foods like leafy greens, legumes, whole grains, cruciferous vegetables, and berries. Fiber slows the absorption of sugar, leading to a more gradual rise in blood glucose levels. Additionally, incorporating healthy fats (like those found in avocados and nuts) and lean proteins can help keep you satiated and maintain stable energy levels throughout the day.

2. Incorporate consistent physical activity

Exercise does more than just burn calories; it actually makes your cells more sensitive to insulin. When you engage in physical activity, your muscles use glucose for energy. This keeps your blood sugar levels in check without requiring extra insulin. Start with at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity per week. You may begin with joint-friendly efforts such as brisk walking,

cycling, or elliptical. Adding resistance training twice a week is also largely beneficial. This helps build muscle tissue and is more metabolically active and significantly better at utilizing glucose than fat tissue.

3. Maintain a healthy weight

While genetics play an important role, excess body weight—particularly around the abdomen—is the single greatest predictor of Type 2 diabetes. This is called visceral fat, which is metabolically active. It releases inflammatory chemicals that contribute to insulin resistance, making your condition worse.

Research has shown that losing even a modest amount of weight five to seven percent of your total body weight) can significantly reduce the risk of developing the condition, more so if visceral fat drops significantly. Focus on sustainable, long-term habits rather than “crash diets” to ensure the weight stays off. To shed more amounts of visceral fat, avoid things like excessive alcohol, processed foods, and, of course refined carbohydrates or sweets.

4. Stay hydrated and mind your portions

Drinks are mostly composed of empty calories. Sugary sodas, energy drinks, and even many fruit juices marketed as “healthy” are often loaded with “hidden” sugars. These contribute to weight gain and insulin resistance. Making water your primary beverage is an easy way to cut hundreds of calories and grams of sugar from your weekly intake. Unsurprisingly, practicing portion control (e.g. using smaller plates or being mindful of serving sizes) can prevent the overconsumption of calories.

Type 2 diabetes is a serious condition, but it is not an inevitable part of aging or helplessly tied to our genetics. By understanding how insulin works, recognizing the long-term risks of high blood sugar, and making concrete steps to manage these factors, you can nip this problem in the bud. Incorporate small yet consistent changes in how you eat, move, and live. This can create a powerful defense tactic against this disease.

Remember, ensuring a healthier and more vibrant future is rooted in taking action today. This is the best investment you can make in your long-term well-being.

Where priests train for battles of ‘Liberation’

by AllAn PolicArPio Inquirer.net

MANILA — At first glance, the white three-story structure along St. Bernardino Street at Barangay Guadalupe Viejo, Makati City, looks just like any other modern office building, with its large windows and glass doors that open to a spacious lobby. But within its walls is a training ground for a spiritual battle that has raged for ages.

Known as the first exorcism center in Asia, the Saint Michael Center for Spiritual Liberation and Exorcism is where Catholic priests train to deal with individuals the Church believes may have been possessed by evil spirits.

Completed thanks to donations, the center was inaugurated last Feb. 23 and currently serves as the headquarters of the Philippine Association of Catholic Exorcists (PACE), a group under the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of the Philippines and headed by Manila Archbishop Jose Cardinal Advincula. According to Fr. Jose Francisco Syquia, PACE secretary general and chief exorcist of the Manila Archdiocese, an increasing number of Filipinos are seeking the help of the Church as they face “all kinds of moral challenges,” usually arising from financial hardship.

Dogs, Cats Give You Joy and Protection

IN March 2026, U.S. President

Donald J. Trump signed the Fiscal Year 2026 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), prohibiting Department of Defense (DOD) funding for “painful research” on domestic dogs and cats.

The measure, approved through a 77–20 bipartisan vote in the U.S. Senate, marks the first time federal law has explicitly defunded such experiments within the Pentagon.

In the Philippines, existing laws and regulations also restrict the use of dogs, cats, and other animals in scientific testing, providing a framework against cruelty.

I asked six respondents: (1) Tell me something about your pet(s). (2) In what ways have your pet or pets helped you?

Their responses: The Ilano family (PX, Ssheng, Elia, and Ximone) owns a Shih Tzu named Hope.

(1) “We got him during the pandemic, a time filled with uncertainty and isolation. He became our ray of sunshine and everyday happy pill. Now six years old, Hope carries a story bigger than himself. His name represents comfort and light when everything felt unsure. With his gentle nature, he fills our home with warmth and laughter. He isn’t just a pet; he is a symbol of resilience and love.”

(2) “Hope has helped us beyond companionship. He grounds us on difficult days and turns silence into peace. He has taught us patience, responsibility, and unconditional love. He reminds us to slow down, appreciate simple moments, and choose joy even when life is hard.”

Marissa Z. Burgos, Rajah Tours Director of Operations for the Japanese Division (retired but still handling special projects), has four female mini dachshunds: Twixie, Meiji, Patchi, and Toffee.

(1) “They sleep with us and we call them our babies. We feed them boiled chicken with vegetables cut into small pieces.

Meiji is closest to me. Patchi is attached to Chloe, while Twixie sleeps with my niece Sheryl. Toffee sleeps wherever she feels comfortable.”

(2) “Dogs relieve stress. They stay by your side and sense when you are sad. They hug and kiss you. They make me happy.” Vlogger and dog trainer Rolly Santos of Quezon City owns a golden retriever named Lucy.

(1) “She loves bringing me her toys, offering them like peace tokens.”

(2) “Lucy makes the world feel friendlier. She pushes me to go outside and meet people, leading me into the sunshine each morning. She turns a simple walk into a parade of smiles.” Maria Alyssa Varsovia, a graduate of Saint Joseph’s College Quezon City and SoFA Design Institute, has huskies named Kobe, Mosshi, and Pochi.

(1) “Pochi is Kobe’s offspring before he was neutered. We got Kobe during the COVID-19 lockdown, followed by Mosshi and Pochi.”

(2) “Dogs teach responsibility and provide companionship.”

Milaflor Mahinan, a retired Manila public schoolteacher, has a cat named Koda and six dogs: Chikito, Kiani, Chu, Mai, Choi, and China.

(1) “Chikito and Kiani are siblings, both 8 years old. Their father was an aspin and their mother a mixed-breed poodle. The others are aspins. I adopted Chu during the pandemic while she was pregnant; she later gave birth to four puppies. My dogs are affectionate but wary of strangers. Koda was given to me in July 2023 when she was still a kitten. She prefers cat food and fish.”

(2) “My dogs guard the house and bark at unusual sounds or ‘kaluskos.’ They help protect us and relieve stress. Koda, though less affectionate, plays with me and helps catch insects and small rats.”

Jojo Broce of San Carlos City, Negros Occidental, has a dog named Russ.

(1) “Russ is a cross between a Shih Tzu and a Jack Russell. He is full of energy.”

(2) “He keeps me smiling and relaxed. I feel at peace whenever

we are together.” The Platters Concert in Manila I recently attended The Golden Sound of The Platters concert at City of Dreams Manila, seated in the SVIP section. Thanks to Ma’am Lalaine of La Visual Corp. for the invitation. I was joined by fellow 2026 Philippines Finest Business Awards and Outstanding Achievers awardees — solar energy leaders Richard and Cynthia Lunas of Solarich Enterprises Corp., and celebrity photographer Jamin Lim. Formed in Los Angeles in 1952, The Platters rose to international fame with enduring hits that remain staples of American popular music. Birthday Greetings Dr. Allen M. Quirit of World Citi Medical Center (March 28); former President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (April 5).

“Whenever people are getting poor, they will look for other powers. First of all, they will try to enter the occult, witchcraft, Satanism,” he told the Inquirer. “They will try to look for powers outside of the Catholic faith.”

“Secondly, because of poverty and all these problems, they fall into all kinds of moral challenges. It’s more tempting to sin now,” he added. “Because of that, [they] fall into moral problems, which are actually spiritual problems.”

Inquiries from youth

As more and more Filipinos yearn for spiritual healing, Syquia stressed the importance of training more exorcists through the center.

There are currently around 200 exorcists in the various dioceses across the country, still a “small” number compared to the number of people experiencing “diabolical attacks,” he said.

Before the center’s establishment, the exorcists would gather for training conferences every year. Now they have a dedicated facility complete with classrooms, viewing areas and prayer rooms. They generally learn from each other by sharing their experiences. Training involves not just readings and conferences, but also exposure to many different cases of possession.

Becoming an exorcist is in itself a process not without traps and pitfalls. Training takes almost two years, and along the way the devil can react and attack the trainee in ways that cannot be controlled, he said.

Since its opening, the St. Michael Center for Spiritual Liberation has been receiving an average of 10 inquiries through its official Facebook page every day, most of them from young people seeking succor from the crushing weight of negative emotions, such as anger or sadness.

Many Filipinos have also turned to occult practices, believing in amulets, talismans, crystals or statues of pagan deities as a source of “luck,” Syquia noted.

“You have to understand that Filipinos are religious in nature. There’s a good side and a bad side to that. The good side is that God becomes central in their life. But the bad side is that they tend to go to occult practitioners or do occult practices without thinking that this is not of God,” he added.

Modes of attack

“Filipinos, when they get sick for example or feel they have a problem, medically they go to the ‘albularyos,’ ‘magtatawas,’ the occult practitioners. Or they go to fortune tellers, faith healers, ‘espiritista.’ So you see, there are many ways by which a devil is invited to a person’s life,” said Syquia.

In extreme cases of possession, the devil may take over the body, “desecreting” it, making the person act in ways not human or tempting the mind with negativity, a state called “diabolical obsession,” said Syquia. In other cases, the devil can cause illnesses that doctors cannot heal, or manipulate the emotions to keep a person fearful or depressed.

“It’s a spiritual affliction because it comes from a spiritual source which is diabolical, the devil, who is an evil spirit,” he said. “He comes in and attacks, we may say, spiritually. His weapons are spiritual, but you will see the effects physically.” It is not easy to discern this, Syquia said, but trained exorcists should know how to look for signs of whether an evil spirit is causing a person’s condition.

“Usually, one of the signs is that there’s really no cause…

‘Why do I have these fears? Where do they come from?’ And there is no natural cause,” Syquia explained. “Or maybe you did something wrong, but the effect is much worse than what it should be.”

Before performing an exorcism, Syquia said, a trained exorcist will first interview the subject individual to understand his or her history—the person’s spiritual or moral life, or the lack thereof.

For exorcism to work, the person must have a strong faith in God, for “only Jesus who has the power because He is God. He has the power to expel the demons, and in His name we expel the demon.”

Beyond Lenten ‘obligations’

The success of an exorcism requires a return to the Church, a rekindled relationship with God. It is also important to learn forgiveness, to let go of resentments and other negative emotions, so that the devil cannot come back, he added.

“The devil came in because the person lived a life that invited the demon in, and it could have taken years. So, he has to also change his life to drive away the demon,” he said. “Once that is fixed, the devil has no more right to stay in that person’s life.”

During Lent, Syquia said, it is thus important to undergo moral conversion and not just “fulfill our holy obligations.’’

“[Because] after Holy Week, we go back to our old ways. Stealing, cheating, lying; that’s why we have so much corruption,” he said. “When there is an immoral environment, the demon thrives there.”

“The most important thing is we allow God to change us and become more and more like Jesus. That’s the essence of Holy Week. It reminds us to carry our crosses, to forgive people who hurt us, to really live a life that is like Jesus,” he added.

ASIAN

Friday, April 3, 2026

Sheryl Cruz’s daughter Nicole enters showbiz as Nicole Sonora

by aJPress

MANILA — A second-generation talent is entering Philippine entertainment, as the daughter of veteran actress Sheryl Cruz formally begins her show business career under the screen name Nicole Sonora.

Nicole Sonora, whose given name is Ashley Nicole Bustos, is the daughter of Cruz and her former husband, Norman Bustos, a private individual outside the entertainment industry. She was introduced publicly through a recent television appearance alongside her mother, marking her initial step into the field.

In interviews, she described a long-standing interest in acting and creative work, noting that performance had been a personal inclination prior to pursuing it professionally.

Academic foundation Before entering show business, Nicole completed her studies in the United States. Reports indicate that she graduated from San Francisco State University in 2023 with academic distinction. Her decision to shift toward entertainment followed a period of reflection during her final years in school, supported by encouragement from academic mentors.

Balancing legacy and independence Cruz, whose career spans decades in Philippine television and film, acknowledged initial reservations about her daughter entering the industry, citing its demands and unpredictability. She ultimately expressed sup-

Oscars to exit Hollywood in 2029

The Academy Awards will leave the Dolby Theatre after 2028, relocating to a larger downtown Los Angeles venue as production and staging requirements evolve.

by aJPress

LOS ANGELES — The Acade-

my of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has announced plans to relocate the Academy Awards from Hollywood to downtown Los Angeles beginning in 2029, marking a significant shift in the staging of the film industry’s most prominent honors.

The transition, confirmed Thursday in a joint statement with AEG, will conclude the ceremony’s long-standing residency at the Dolby Theatre. The 100th Academy Awards in 2028 will serve as the venue’s final ceremony before the event moves to the Peacock Theater within the L.A. LIVE district.

A strategic shift in presentation

The relocation reflects a broader repositioning of the Oscars within Los Angeles and signals evolving priorities in production, scale, and audience engagement. Under a 10-year agreement extending through 2039, the new venue is expected to support expanded staging and integrated programming across the L.A. LIVE campus.

and global accessibility, though specific broadcast arrangements beyond existing agreements have not been fully detailed.

Expanded scale and infrastructure

The move to the Peacock Theater introduces a significantly larger capacity, accommodating approximately 7,000 attendees compared with roughly 3,400 at the Dolby Theatre. The agreement outlines several operational enhancements:

torically been staged across

tiple Los Angeles venues. The inaugural ceremony in 1929 took place at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, while later editions were held in downtown Los Angeles at the Biltmore and Ambassador Hotels, as well as the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium during the mid20th century. The announcement follows the 98th Academy Awards held on March 15, 2026. By relocating to downtown Los Angeles, the Academy positions the ceremony within one of the city’s primary sports and entertainment corridors, aligning its second century with evolving industry dynamics and audience platforms. port, emphasizing discipline and preparation. Nicole’s entry carries a defined showbiz pedigree. She is the granddaughter of actor Ricky Belmonte and actress Rosemarie Sonora (younger sister of Susan Roces) and the niece of Sunshine Cruz and Donna Cruz, all established names in Philippine film, television, and music. While family lineage may provide early visibility, industry observers note that sustained success depends on audience reception, performance, and project selection. No major acting projects have been formally announced. Nicole’s introduction through media appearances reflects a measured entry into a competitive and evolving entertainment landscape.

“For the 101st Oscars and beyond, the Academy looks forward to closely collaborating with AEG to make L.A. LIVE the perfect backdrop for our global celebration of cinema,” Academy CEO Bill Kramer and President Lynette Howell Taylor said in a joint statement. Officials indicated that future ceremonies will place increased emphasis on digital distribution

• Production infrastructure upgrades: Permanent stage and backstage modifications tailored to the technical demands of the ceremony

• Expanded event footprint: Use of the broader L.A. LIVE campus, including adjacent venues and public spaces, for arrivals and affiliated events

• Digital distribution capabilities: Enhanced infrastructure

HEALTH @HEART

Philip S. Chua, MD,

OBSTRUCTIVE Sleep Apnea

(OSA), where the tongue falls backwards to block the airway passage during sleep, resulting in breath-holding for 30 seconds or so, and for up to 1 to 2 minutes in severe cases. Normally, we breathe every 3 to 5 seconds. The prolonged apnea (not breathing) in OSA, which can happen even more than 100 times per night, leads to an oxygen deficit for the brain, heart, liver, kidneys, and other vital organs. Some OSA cases developed stroke or heart attack during sleep due to prolonged oxygen deprivation. Untreated, OSA increases the risk for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, Alzheimer’s, and even cancer. Around one billion people globally have Sleep Apnea. Around 80 percent of OSA remains undiagnosed and untreated.

Those who wake up feeling fatigued and become sleepy by the late morning or early afternoon, whether they snore or not, are suspects for OSA and need a Sleep Study for confirmation of diagnosis. If positive, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy is initiated. CPAP has been the gold standard treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea since its introduction in 1981, and the younger the age at diagnosis and the age at which CPAP started, the healthier the person becomes.

The CPAP (computerized) machine delivers prescribed pressurized air through a face mask, a nasal pillow, or a nasal cushion into the oropharyngeal (throat) area, inflating it and pushing the tongue down, preventing it from falling backward, keeping the airway open during sleep. CPAP, considered a lifesaver, is covered by Medicare.

CPAP masks might sound uncomfortable to sleep with, but 10 million Americans find using CPAP to be quite tolerable, even soothing, and CPAP also provides security and peace of mind. Most users could not sleep without CPAP, even while traveling abroad. Restful sleep is vital to health and longevity.

Confusion

The advertisement about Inspire as treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea, which was introduced in April 2014, has confused the public with its wording: “No mask. No Hose. Just sleep.” The TV Ad message is not transparent and honest enough to point out that CPAP is the gold standard medical care for OSA, and that Inspire is only an alternative for those who cannot tolerate CPAP therapy, and that Inspire requires surgery. While the use of Inspire is only 12 years

CPAP vs Inspire

old (about 125,000 implants so far), CPAP has 41 years of proven effectiveness, safety, benefit, and value, as a non-invasive treatment, now being used by 10 million. Longer experience with Inspire in the years ahead will show what potential long-term complications this treatment might cause, if any.

Surgical Inspire

For those who are claustrophobic or uncomfortable with the mask and unable to tolerate masks, Inspire is an option. This requires surgery to implant a lead with a stimulation cuff at the base of the tongue, connected to an Inspire Implant (a pacemaker-like device) that senses breathing and delivers the impulse to stimulate the tongue when needed to prevent it from falling backward. The Inspire implant device needs to be changed every 10-11 years. Up to about 8 percent of patients required surgical revision due to lead malfunction, and about 4.6 percent due to intolerable discomfort. More than 90 percent report satisfaction.

Side-effects and complications

Minor complications of CPAP therapy include dryness of nose and mouth, skin irritation from the mask, nasal congestion, aerophagia (air swallowing), eye irritation, headache, and ear pressure.

As for the Inspire implantation, since it is an operation, it carries risks associated with the surgery and the actual stimulation therapy. Serious complications are rare, less than 2 percent. Potential side-effects include tongue soreness and tingling, throat discomfort, dry mouth, swallowing and speech changes, and tongue abrasion. Infrequent possible surgical complications include infection, bleeding/hematoma, nerve damage, pain-scarring, pneumothorax (air-leak into chest cavity - rare).

Garlic wonder

While garlic breath may be repulsive to people and to vampires, a new meta-analysis randomized clinical data from 180 randomized controlled trials among 7,000 adults showed “that consuming raw, cooked, or supplemental garlic improved cardiovascular risk factors like LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure — especially in those with elevated cardiovascular risk.”

In Asia and in the Mediterranean, garlic is indispensable in cooking. Worldwide, over 29 million metric tons of garlic are produced, 73 percent from China, with an average consumption of 31.5 pounds of garlic per person each year. The Philippines (117.5 million in population) uses about 143,000 tons of garlic a year. The Middle East (about 700 million in population) consumes about 375 tons of garlic in 2024, about 8-10 pounds per person (highest in Qatar) annually. It is always best to ingest garlic

in food. Natural garlic is superior and preferred to pills. Meds and dementia There are roughly 40,000 different prescription medications and about 300,000 over-the-counter drugs available around the world. While some of them are so familiar and commonly used, a few of them could have adverse side effects on our brain health. Some of the popular medications increase the risk for cognitive decline and dementia. They include those with strong anticholinergic effects, like overthe-counter diphenhydramine (Benadryl), Advil PM, Tylenol PM, Zzzz Quil, Aleve PM, etc., sleep aids and decongestants. Drugs for control of overactive bladder, GI meds, like scopolamine, PPI drugs (Esomeprazole, etc.), anxiety/anti-depressant meds (Valium, Ativan, Doxepin, etc.). Never start or stop medications on your own. Always consult your physician. The fewer medications we take, the better. Prescribed drugs are essential to health and must be taken as ordered by physicians. Not taking them as prescribed could be dangerous, like a patient who developed a stroke because he forgot to take his blood pressure meds. Poor adherence to medications is linked to a nearly 4-fold risk of dying from stroke. Today, we are lucky to have efficacious and safe medications. Let’s take advantage of this progress in medical science and technology, and do our share of discipline and responsibility. God will do the rest.

* * * The opinions, beliefs and viewpoints expressed by the author do not necessarily reflect the opinions, beliefs and viewpoints of the Asian Journal, its management, editorial board and staff.

* * * The main objective of this column is to educate and inspire people live a healthier lifestyle to prevent illnesses and disabilities and achieve a happier and more productive life. Any diagnosis, recommendation or treatment in our article are general medical information and not intended to be applicable or appropriate for anyone. This column is not a substitute for your physician, who knows your condition well and who is your best ally when it comes to your health.

*

* * Philip S. Chua, MD, FACS, FPCS, a Cardiac Surgeon Emeritus based in Northwest Indiana and Las Vegas, Nevada, is an international medical lecturer/author, Health Advocate, medical missionary, newspaper columnist, and Chairman of the Filipino United Network-USA, a 501(c)3 humanitarian foundation in the United States. He is a decorated recipient of the Indiana Sagamore of the Wabash Award in 1995, presented by then Indiana Governor, US senator, and later a presidential candidate, Evan Bayh. Other Sagamore past awardees include President Harry S. Truman, President George HW Bush, Astronaut Gus Grissom, pugilist Muhammad Ali, David Letterman, distinguished educators, scientists, etc. (Wikipedia). Websites: FUN8888.com, Today.SPSAtoday.com, and philipSchua.com. On Amazon.com, search for “Where is My America?” Email: scalpelpen@gmail.com.

What’s cooking in Ji Chang-wook’s Filipino restaurant?

In “Kumusta,” chef JP Anglo serves Filipino favorites in Seoul and reveals the one dish Ji Chang-wook can’t get enough of

by AllAn PolicArPio Inquirer.net

IN creating the menu for the Filipino Korean culinary variety series “Kumusta,” chef JP Anglo curated a selection of what he believes are “blockbuster” dishes that could potentially appeal to Korean taste buds. There’s  sinigang, but this time inspired by the spicy pork neck soup, gamjatang.  Palabok is always a good idea, he says, because it’s versatile—“you can make your own version of it wherever you go.” And with the addition of local crab fat, his hybrid take on the rice noodles dish “is pretty hard to beat.”  Chicken is enjoyed virtually everywhere, and Anglo says our inasal is right up there with the best. They kept the kare-kare faithful to its traditional preparation, which was “a gamble” because its creamy texture, slight sweetness, and the punch of  bagoong “can be an acquired taste.”Of course, he adds, you can’t have a Filipino menu without lechon, pork sisig and gising-gising

In between helpings of the mains—and in keeping with the Korean custom of serving banchan—small side dishes of dilis, atsara, and tokwa’t baboy (well, without the pork) were laid out. Calamansi juice washed everything down, while halo-halo provided a sweet, colorful finish.

The cherry on top, however, wasn’t the dishes themselves, but the people cooking and serving them. Don’t be surprised if South Korean star and beloved action hero Ji Chang-wook swaps his guns for an apron, and comes out with your food or turns the lechon on the spit.

Joining the staff at Kumusta, the series’ namesake Filipino pop-up restaurant set up in

Seoul’s posh Gangnam district, is a cast of Filipino actors, whose cooking experience varies from existent to nonexistent. Jodi Sta. Maria and Francine Diaz are part of the waitstaff. Janella Salvador assisted Anglo in the kitchen. Meanwhile, all-arounder Arci Muñoz shuttled in and out of the kitchen and front of house, wherever needed. Watch out as well for Korean actors Seo In-guk, Kim Myungsoo, and Kim Min-seok, who appear in different episodes as guests or part-time staff, jumping in to help Wookie when the restaurant gets overwhelmed. “One reason I chose to serve is because I’m not good at cooking. If I went to the kitchen, it would have been a big trouble for them!” says Ji Chang-wook, who describes “Kumusta” as a “very human-centered” program, to which he ends up feeling a personal “attachment.” “It’s going to be the funnest kitchen ever.” Moments of levity and drama In this show, harmony is found not only in the flavors but also in the people. The cast reportedly worked 12 hours, seven days straight, and in such a pressure cooker situation—where not everyone has the skills and experience to match—contrary to the poised exterior we usually see onscreen, which eventually gave way to their unguarded selves.

All the while, Filipino cast members have to navigate cultural and language barriers. At one point, Sta. Maria might as well be playing a game of charades, trying to explain what a calamansi is to the local diners. The same goes for Ji Chang-wook when interacting with his co-workers. Shot near the winter season, working al fresco in chilly temperatures added a layer of exhaustion that

‘Tunnel’ director hopes to share Filipino heart with Korean audiences

An upcoming rom-com starring a Korean actor and a Filipino actress highlights cross-cultural collaboration and the Philippines’ hidden gems

by AllAn PolicArPio Inquirer.net

SOUTH Korean director Nam Ki-hoon has an extensive filming history in the Philippines. But while he has always known about the warmth of its people and the talent of local film workers, it wasn’t until his fateful personal trip last year that he truly experienced the true spirit of Filipino hospitality.

During the month he stayed in Cebu, he was struck by how friendly the people were and how easy it was to talk to them. He could be just walking or jogging outside, and his day wouldn’t be complete without someone waving at him and smiling at him—something he says isn’t common in Korea.

Lasting impression

But on one of his usual walks, he was caught in a 6.9 earthquake— the one that devastated Cebu in September 2025—and watched as throngs of people rushed outside their homes. But just when one might expect the instinct for self-preservation to kick in, the people went against it and looked after one another.

“They weren’t just focusing on themselves. They cared for each other, they took care of me,” he tells Lifestyle Inquirer. “That scene left a lasting impression on me.”

Best known for the iconic crime thriller series “Tunnel” (2017), Nam Ki-hoon has used the Philippines’ urban and natural landscapes as a backdrop for his other notable works.

The crime comedy “Confidence Queen” (2025) featured Pampanga’s modern infrastructure and quaint, scenic drives. Meanwhile, the action series “Big Bet” (2022)—starring screen legend Choi Min-sik—was predominantly set in the gritty streets and glitzy casinos of Manila.

Although these titles give Korean and international audiences a fairly good insight into what the Philippines is like beyond its famed beaches, the director feels their genres may be too dark or heavy to properly capture the warmth and kindness of the Filipinos that he has gotten to know firsthand.

A more lighthearted fare

What better way to do that than with a lighthearted romantic comedy? For his upcoming project, Nam is collaborating with Filipino producer Tristan Cheng of Trifecta Brand Lab and Korean producer Lee Il-ho on a film that will star a popular Korean actor and a Filipi-

no actress. The film follows a burned-out

Korean superstar who finds himself reminiscing about the time he spent in a charming town in the Philippines. He remembers the hotel there as a peaceful place. Upon returning, however, he learns that things are no longer what they used to be, after being ravaged by natural disasters.

Confused and unsettled, the jaded actor eventually meets a hotel worker. As they get to know each other, they set out to restore the place to its former beauty. Along the way, heartwarming encounters with the locals remind him of the things that first made him fall in love with the Philippines.

“Now, we’re focusing on the more human side of the Philippines,” the director says, adding that he hopes that this movie will help dispel outside notions that the country is dangerous as well as other negative misconceptions. “We want to show how thoughtful and passionate Filipinos are in how they treat others.”

While his past productions in the Philippines relied mostly on Korean crew members—roughly “80 percent Korean to 20 percent Filipino”—this upcoming film will tip the scale the other way. And if his past experience working with Filipinos is any indication, this upcoming project is in very capable hands.

“‘Confidence Queen,’ for instance—even though we only worked together for four days—I saw how efficient they were and how good they were at solving problems. I also loved that we all ate together,” Nam says.

Enticing tourists

The film—slated for a Philippine theatrical release—is still in the early stages of production, with

script and casting being finalized. With a first draft already in hand, the team is also seeking Filipino screenwriters to localize the material.

The lead stars have yet to be confirmed, but three Korean actors—all of whom are said to have “ticket-selling power should they hold a fan meeting in the Philippines”—have already been shortlisted. As for the leading lady, producer Lee says the team has already met with various local networks and companies to discuss potential candidates. If needed, they will hold auditions to find someone “cute, bright, energetic” who, most importantly, has chemistry with the lead actor.

Boracay and Cebu might seem like obvious shooting locations, but this time, the team prefers to showcase lesser-known spots that are equally beautiful and deserving of the spotlight. To help scout these locations, they will be working with the Department of Tourism. Lee, who had done multiple commercials for Korean brands in the Philippines, had previously tapped the agency when he coordinated the Cebu scenes for Blackpink member Jisoo’s Netflix romcom “Boyfriend on Demand.”

“Hopefully, after they see the movie, more Koreans will be enticed to visit the Philippines,” producer Cheng says.

Indeed, “K-pop, K-dramas, and K-movies have played a big role in boosting tourism in Korea,” Nam points out. Through this project, the team hopes to do the same for the Philippines.

“We want to show that our cultures can collaborate like this on an international level,” the director says. “I hope this can serve as a bridge for future opportunities.”

Filipinos aren’t used to.

But before long, they forgot the cameras were even there, revealing moments of vulnerability and drama—Salvador burning herself with a torch and Diaz mixing up the orders. There are moments of levity and humor with the surprise guests. And then, at last, the thrill and satisfaction of seeing the light in people’s eyes as they take their first bite.

“You see so many sides of a person, so many emotions. The moment you enter the kitchen, the cameras are already rolling. There were no cameramen getting in the way, so everyone was just real,” Anglo says.

And for someone of Ji Changwook’s stature, Anglo was struck by how normal he is in real life. “He was fun, sobra. He was a trooper and a professional. He was really good in the sense that he didn’t slow down. Tuloy-tuloy lang siya,” he says.

But perhaps the biggest surprise of all was seeing just how much Ji Chang-wook could eat. The guy loves his snacks, too, Anglo says, and he couldn’t help but wonder where in his lean body he was putting it all. “Grabe ang lakas niya kumain!” And Filipino food at that.The actor especially loved palabok, sisig, and halo-halo. He seemingly came around to enjoying sinigang. “But his favorite is chicken inasal,” Anglo says. “When we saw each other a while back, he kept telling me, ‘Inasal, inasal, inasal! The rest of the crew was a joy to work with. Anglo would pinch himself talking to Sta. Maria, because he used to just watch her on television. Muñoz was a ball of energy that kept the mood light. Anglo felt that Salvador had developed a newfound respect for kitchen workers. Diaz, “the bun-

so,” powered through despite feeling under the weather. “Kahit magkamali siya, makukuha ka niya sa charm,” Anglo says.

“It didn’t feel like we were doing a show,” he adds. “Parang may pop-up restaurant  lang talaga kami. We made mistakes, but we had fun—and most importantly, the food was good!”

Produced by Echolive Korea’s E&S Partners, “Kumusta” which premieres on TV5 and streams on Viu on May 24—was envisioned as a cultural bridge: a program that fosters greater understanding between Filipinos and Koreans through food and friendship.

For the most part, it’s Filipinos who consume Korean entertainment and culture. This show hopes to flip the script. While their Korean guests couldn’t express their appreciation for the food in words, the empty plates said it all.

“Many of them have never really tried our food, so it makes us proud to see that they loved it. The show being the bridge for them to experience our cuisine is a big thing,” Anglo says.

And at the end of the day, Ji Chang-wook says, “Even though we’re from different nations, in front of delicious dishes, we’re just all the same people.”

Philippine Consulate in Los Angeles receives medical equipment donation from

nurses group

Donation supports on-site health response for Filipinos accessing consular services.

LOS ANGELES – The Philippine Consulate General in Los Angeles has received a donation of medical equipment and supplies from the Philippine Nurses Association of Southern California to strengthen on-site medical readiness for consular clients.

Consulate officials, representing the Department of Foreign Affairs, accepted the donation as part of ongoing collaboration with Filipino-American professional groups.

The equipment includes automated external defibrillators, blood pressure monitors, first aid kits, and medical consumables, along with health education materials for public distribution.

The Consulate serves Filipinos across Southern California, South-

ern Nevada, and Arizona, handling a high volume of passport, visa, and civil registry services. Officials said the presence of elderly clients and extended wait times make on-site medical capability a practical safeguard.

The Philippine Nurses Association of Southern California, a nonprofit affiliated with the Philippine Nurses Association of America, has partnered with the Consulate on prior health outreach initiatives.

Lurie signs legislation

small businesses like these that make downtown a

“It’s no secret that San Francisco’s permitting process was something of a mess for many years. I was encouraged to see Mayor Lurie prioritize fixing that mess through PermitSF, and more than a year er real results for San Franciscans,” said President Mandelman. “I’m looking forward to seeing more flowers across our neighborhoods and am happy to

“Flower stands add vibrancy to our streets, and I riers for micro-enterprises and foster more diverse small business ownership,” said Supervisor Chen. nomic recovery, and this legislation will encourage Public Works will partner with the Office of Small Business to identify and welcome new vendors, with a focus on the downtown corridor where foot traffic

Phenomenal Filipina Girl Group Ignites

“At

“San Francisco’s flower stand vendors have been part of the fabric of our neighborhoods for generations,” said Carla Short, Director of Public Works. “Today’s legislation is a long-overdue recognition of their place in our city and a commitment to making it easier for them to blossom.”

East Bay innovation awards draw record honorees, consulate backs regional ties

San Diego County approves $14M housing plan as production rises in unincorporated areas

at Pechanga Resort Casino on May 14

“The flower stands that used to dot the sidewalks of downtown San Francisco brought not only charm, but economic opportunity to the businesses that ran them,” said Katy Tang, Office of Small Business Director. “Whether for the upcoming Mother’s Day, birthdays, or anniversaries, San Franciscans will soon have more options to shop for their loved ones while supporting small businesses.”

Federal funding plan advances affordable housing and services as homebuilding trends show gradual gains

SAN DIEGO – SAN DIEGO

— The San Diego County Board of Supervisors has approved its 2026–27 Annual Plan, allocating more than $14 million in federal funding to support affordable housing, community development, and services for low-income residents.

The decision comes as new data show continued growth in housing production across unincorporated areas. The county’s 2025 Housing Progress Report recorded 932 housing units permitted last year, reflecting a broader upward trend despite challenges including high construction costs, interest rates, wildfire risk, and land-use litigation.

The county continues working toward a state housing target of approximately 6,700 units under California requirements. Officials cite a mix of discretionary projects and increasing accessory dwelling unit construction as key contributors.

Philippine Tourism Spots Shine at Bay Area Travel & Adventure Show

The Annual Plan outlines the use of federal funds administered through the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, including: • Community Development Block Grant for housing rehabilitation and anti-displacement programs • HOME Investment Partnerships Program for affordable housing and first-time buyers

TEMECULA, Calif. — The BestSelling Girl Group in Philippine History is bringing their electrifying choreography and iconic hits to Southern California. Pechanga Resort Casino proudly presents the “SexBomb Get, Get Aw!” U.S. Tour on Thursday, May 14 at 8 p.m. happening inside the Pechanga Summit Events Center.

and bringing Market Street and our downtown back.”   San Francisco has 16 permitted flower stand locations in Union Square, the Financial District, the Castro, the Tenderloin, and North Beach, but many have sat dormant for years. San Francisco’s rules governing sidewalk flower stands had not been substantially updated since 1976, leaving hopeful vendors subject to outdated requirements that are out of step with modern city business practices. The new policy updates the city’s sidewalk flower-vending program by opening permits to licensed San Francisco businesses that are in compliance with city business and tax regulations and removing the family-only transfer requirement that had left stands vacant for years.

Renowned for showcasing world-class Filipino entertainment, Pechanga Resort Casino continues its commitment to delivering elevated, culturally resonant experiences for its Filipino American guests and the broader Southern California community.

the group first gained national attention on the iconic noontime show Eat Bulaga! as the “Chicken Sandwich Dancers.” What began as supporting performers quickly evolved into a cultural force, propelled by their signature choreography, charisma, and mass appeal.

By 2002, the group expanded into specialized singing and dancing units, marking the beginning of their meteoric rise. Their debut album Unang Putok, led by the hit single “Bakit Papa,” cemented their status as household names across the Philippines.

“Flower stands bring cheer and beauty to our streets and remind us of days when flower markets dotted corners downtown. With this legislation, those days may return,” said Supervisor Sauter. “It’s another step that we’re taking in San Francisco to make life easier for small business owners so that they can focus on their craft and creativity.”

This landmark reunion brings together original and fan-favorite members for a rare, high-energy celebration—offering audiences a nostalgic journey through the music and moments that defined an era of Philippine pop culture.

A Legacy Defined by the “Spaghetti Song” — and Beyond

“Flower stands are a cherished part of our downtown sidewalks, especially on Market Street,” said Supervisor Dorsey. “The city is here to support the

The 2026 Reunion: A 16-Star Lineup

The 2026 U.S. Tour features a powerhouse roster of 16 original and longtime members, led by original member and iconic group leader Rochelle Pangilinan.

(City of San Diego Release) File photo/www.countynewscenter.com

• Emergency Solutions Grants for shelters and rapid rehousing • Housing Opportunities for Persons With AIDS for rental assistance and supportive services Since 2017, the county has committed more than $334 million toward housing initiatives, supporting over 3,400 units, with about 2,600 more in development. Federal housing programs also assisted more than 70,000 residents last year. Officials said the plan supports the county’s “Housing for All” strategy, focused on expanding supply, streamlining permitting, and strengthening partnerships to address long-term housing demand.

viral cultural milestones, the SexBomb Girls have proven their “Get, Get, Aw!” spirit is timeless. This tour is more than a concert—it’s a celebration of nostalgia, resilience, and a lasting connection with fans. With a history of sold-out performances, guests are encouraged to secure tickets early via the Pechanga Box Office at 1.888.810.8871 or online at www. pechanga.com.

Pechanga Summit features a 40,000-square foot area for concerts, live sporting events, trade shows, weddings, or other large groups, as well as another 20,000 square foot foyer. ***

Under the old rules, a flower stand permit could only transfer within the permit holder’s immediate family—even upon death—with no path for new businesses to enter. The new legislation changes that, allowing surviving spouses or domestic partners to retain priority placement for the same location. If a family member declines the opportunity, Public Works can issue the permits to a new business, keeping stands active and storefronts vibrant rather than sitting vacant. It also streamlines the process by transferring permit approval authority from the Board of Supervisors to the director of Public Works. The ordinance preserves the core character of what makes flower stands special. At least 75% of goods displayed or sold at any stand must be cut flowers, evergreens, potted plants or wearable flowers—keeping these permits focused on floriculture, not general retail.

“When the Super Bowl was here, downtown felt alive again,” said Valerie Chieng, who has operated a sidewalk flower stand at Montgomery Street and Post Street for more than 26 years. “It reminded me of the days when flower stands lined Market Street. The energy never really left, it’s just been gone for a while. It’s time to bring the flower stands back.” (City of SF release)

Sky River Casino Accelerates spring momentum with April promotions and million-dollar milestone

The lineup includes: Jopay Paguia, Aira Bermudez, Sunshine Garcia, Mia Pangyarihan, Weng Ibarra, Evette Pabalan, Monic Icban, Che-Che Tolentino, Sugar Mercado, Johlan Veluz, Cherry Ann Rufo, Grace Nera, Mae Acosta, Jacky Rivas, and a special appearance by Izzy Trazona.

The SexBomb Girls became synonymous with high-energy, novelty-driven pop, reaching peak cultural impact with the “Spaghetti Song” — a nationwide dance craze embraced across generations. Their influence extended beyond music. In 2003, they starred in the long-running television series Daisy Siete, which spanned an extraordinary 26 seasons. By 2005, their album Sumayaw, Sumunod achieved Platinum status.

ELK GROVE, CA – Sky River Casino is heading into April with strong spring momentum, highlighted by the ongoing $1,000,000 Audi Q7 Giveaway, the return of the $130,000 Weekly Blackjack Tournament, and the celebration of more than $1 million in February progressive table game jackpot payouts.

With more than 12 million records sold, including four million studio albums, the group earned recognition as the best-selling girl group in the Philippines of the 2000s and was later inducted into the Box Office Entertainment Awards Hall of Fame.

$1,000,000 Park Your New Ride Audi Q7 Giveaway Continues

Together, they deliver a production that reflects the scale, energy, and legacy of one of the Philippines’ most influential pop groups.

From Cultural Phenomenon to Pop Legacy

Sky River’s Park Your New Ride promotion continues through April 25, offering guests the chance to win cash prizes, Free Play, and a luxury Audi Q7 SUV. Two Grand Finale drawings— March 28 and April 25—where the Audi Q7 is guaranteed to be awarded.

Founded by Joy Cancio in 1999,

In 2023, select original members reunited in a widely celebrated campaign appearance, reaffirming the group’s enduring cultural relevance.

Don’t Miss the Moment From international stages to

Sky River Rewards members earn entries daily through slot and table game play using their rewards card. Each Saturday provides multiple drawing opportunities with escalating prize tiers leading up to the grand prize drawings.

$130,000 Weekly Blackjack Tournament Returns Each Wednesday Every Wednesday through April 29, from 5 p.m. to 10 p.m., Sky River Casino hosts its weekly blackjack tournament, featuring:

• $10,000 in guaranteed weekly prize pools

• Top prize: $5,000 in promotional chips

• Complimentary entry for Sky River Rewards members, with an optional $50 re-buy

The tournament is designed for players of all skill levels, offering multiple opportunities each week to secure a winning finish. Guests must be Sky River Rewards members and 21 years of age or older to participate in casino promotions. Com plete promotion details and tournament sched ules are available at SkyRiver.com.

About Pechanga Resort Casino Pechanga Resort Casino offers one of the largest and most expansive resort/casino experiences anywhere in the United States. Voted best casino/resort in the United States by readers of Condé Nast Traveler , the best casino outside of Las Vegas by Newsweek and rated a Four Diamond property by AAA since 2002, Pechanga Resort Casino provides an unparalleled getaway, whether for the day or for an extended luxury stay. Offering 5,500 of hottest slots, 152 table games, a 1,100 room and suite hotel, dining, luxury spa, and golf at Journey at Pechanga, Pechanga Resort Casino features a destination unrivaled anywhere in California. Pechanga Resort Casino is owned and operated by the Pechanga Band of Indians. For more information, call toll free (877) 711-2946 or visit www. Pechanga.com. Follow Pechanga Resort Casino on Instagram, Facebook and on X @PechangaCasino. (Advertising Supplement)

Federal rule update triggers eligibility reviews while county expands outreach and food access programs

SAN DIEGO – A federal policy change that took effect April 1, 2026, has made certain categories of noncitizens ineligible for CalFresh benefits, prompting San Diego County to begin case-by-case eligibility reviews and expand outreach to affected households.

Over $1 Million in February Progressive Jack pot Payouts

Sky River Casino reached a major achievement in February 2026, awarding $1,012,238 in to tal progressive table game jackpot payouts from February 2–28—one of the largest monthly totals since opening in August 2022.

County officials said individuals currently enrolled in CalFresh, including refugees and asylees, will not face immediate termination of benefits. Instead, eligibility will be reassessed at each household’s next scheduled renewal, in accordance with federal guidelines. Determinations will remain individualized and based on verified documentation.

Players captured significant wins across several popular table games, including:

• Ultimate Texas Hold ’Em Progressive

• Three Card Poker

• Face Up Pai Gow

• Bonus Spin Xtreme

This milestone follows Sky River Casino’s re cent 20,000squarefoot gaming floor expansion, which added 312 new slot machines, bringing the total to 2,500 across the property. Additionally, construction has been completed on the newly opened fivestory, 1,600stall parking garage, which now connects seamlessly to the expanded gaming floor through an enhanced valet area and porte cochère—delivering a more efficient and welcoming guest arrival experience.

Bake Me Happy Gift Collection

Guests who earn 750 sameday Tier Credits can claim a new baking-themed gift on select Thursdays and Fridays in April. Those who collect the

CalFresh, California’s Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, operates under federal standards set by the United States Department of Agriculture, with administration carried out at the local level by counties such as the County of San Diego. County officials said they are implementing the updated federal requirements while working to minimize disruptions for eligible recipients.

Residents who may be affected are advised to submit renewal paperwork on time, maintain updated contact information through the BenefitsCal, and respond promptly to any requests for documentation. Additional assistance and referrals are available through the County Office of

ANNOUNCEMENT LEGAL SERVICES

SD#0466

Advertisement for Bids

Notice is hereby given that the San Diego Unified School District, acting by and through its governing board, will electronically receive bids for the furnishing of all labor materials, transportation, equipment, and services for:

CP26-0874-52-00-00

LINCOLN HIGH SCHOOL BASEBALL AND SOFTBALL

SCOREBOARD REPLACEMENT

A mandatory site visit is scheduled for 9:00 a.m. on THURSDAY, APRIL 9, 2025, outside the main office of Lincoln High School, 4777 Imperial Ave, San Diego, CA 92113. All attendees must preregister with the District prior to attending the site walk at sandiegounified.org/sitewalks. The Bid and Contract Documents may be downloaded free of charge at the District’s online Planroom at sandiegousdplans.com. All bids must be received electronically via PlanetBids before 1:00 p.m. on THURSDAY, APRIL 23, 2026. Prime contractors interested in submitting a bid must go to tinyurl.com/SDUSDPlanetBids then search under “Bid Opportunities” for “Invitation number” CP26-087452-00-00 Lincoln High School Baseball and Softball Scoreboard Replacement. For new vendors, please register under “New Vendor Registration.” The project estimate is between $175,000 and $205,000, inclusive of allowances. This is not a PSA project but requires the District’s prequalification for projects estimated under $1 million. The District requires that Bidders possess any of the following classification(s) of California State Contractors License(s), valid and in good standing, at the time of bid opening and contract award: A, or other appropriate license, subject to District approval. SAN DIEGO UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT, George A. Harris III, Director, Fiscal Controls and Information Systems, Facilities Planning and Construction CP26-0874-52-00-00

LEGAL SERVICES

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9005797

Safe Harbor Therapy located at 10089 Willow Creek Road Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92131.

Registrant: Jeanette Balajadia Shepherd,10089 Willow Creek Road Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92131. This business is conducted by An Individual. REGISTRANT HAS NOT BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) ABOVE.

Signature: Jeanette Balajadia Shepherd . Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/13/2026. AJ 1881 03/20, 03/27, 04/03, and 04/10/2026. AJSD 1881

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9006574

Nerod Sports located at 4315 Pluto Ct., Bonita, CA 91902. Registrant: Ne Rod Incorporated, 4315 Pluto Ct., Bonita, CA 91902. This business is conducted by A Corporation. REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 03/23/2026. Signature: Blanca N. Espinosa. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/23/2026.

AJ 1887 03/27, 04/03, 04/10, 04/17/2026. AJSD 1887

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9002663

Thrasher Structural Welding located at 4905 Meadowbrook Dr., Oceanside, CA 92056. Registrant: Andrew Maurice Pinal, 1112 Hibiscus Way, Oceanside, CA 92054. This business is conducted by An Individual. REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 01/30/2020. Signature: Andrew Pinal. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 02/04/2026. AJ 1882 03/20, 03/27, 04/03, and 04/10/2026. AJSD 1882

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9006396

Ed’s Gelato located at 735 Arroyo Ct., Chula Vista, CA 91910.

Registrant: a. Edwin J. Dayrit, 735 Arroyo Ct., Chula Vista, CA 91910. b. Rosemarie Z. Dayrit, 735 Arroyo Ct., Chula Vista, CA 91910. This business is conducted by A Married Couple.

REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 03/16/2026. Signature: Edwin J. Dayrit. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/19/2026. AJ 1888 03/27, 04/03, 04/10, 04/17/2026. AJSD 1888

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9005609

MC Auto Performance located at 3683 Dalbergia St. San Diego, CA 92113. Registrant: Angel Isaac Rodriguez, 6157 Alderley St, San Diego, CA 92114. This business is conducted by An Individual. REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 03/01/2026. Signature: Angel Isaac Rodriguez. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/11/2026. AJ 1883 03/27, 04/03, 04/10, 04/17/2026. AJSD 1883

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS

NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9006344

Angels Haven 4 located at 395 Pismo Bay Court, Oceanside, CA 92057.

Registrant: Angels’ Haven, Inc., 3988 Limber Pine Road, Fallbrook, CA 92028. This business is conducted by A Corporation. REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 02/13/2026.

Signature: Art F. Lopez. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/19/2026. AJ 1889 04/03, 04/10, 04/17 and 04/24/2026. AJSD 1889

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9004803

Massage Envy - Carmel Mountain located at 11720 Carmel Mountain Road, Unit #158, San Diego, CA 92128.

Registrant: Twin River Inc., 11720 Carmel Mountain Road, Unit #158, San Diego, CA 92128. This business is conducted by A Corporation.

REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 10/05/2025.

Signature: Weiqun Fang. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/03/2026. AJ 1875 03/13, 03/20, 03/27, and 04/03/2026. AJSD 1875

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9005272

TB Motorworx located at 3517 Buena Vista Ave, Lemon Grove, CA 91945. Registrant: Aweis Mumin Adde, 3517 Buena Vista Ave, Lemon Grove, CA 91945. This business is conducted by An Individual. REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 01/01/2011.

Signature: Aweis Adde. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/06/2026. AJ 1878 03/13, 03/20, 03/27, and 04/03/2026. AJSD 1878

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9005787 DO SUNRISE INVESTMENTS LLC located at 890 N. Santa Fe Ave, Vista, CA 92084. Registrant: DO SUNRISE INVESTMENTS LLC, 890 N. Santa Fe Ave, Vista, CA 92084. This business is conducted by A Limited Liability Company. REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 01/01/2020. Signature: Lenny Buss. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/13/2026. AJ 1884 03/27, 04/03, 04/10, 04/17/2026. AJSD 1884

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9006905

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9004447

Antonio Adrid DBA Reel Moves located at 1630 Oak View Terrace, Bonita, CA 91902.

Registrant: Antonio Edgar Adrid, 1630 Oak View Terrace, Bonita, CA 91902. This business is conducted by An Individual.

REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 02/01/2026. Signature: Antonio Edgar Adrid. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 02/25/2026. AJ 1876 03/13, 03/20, 03/27, and 04/03/2026. AJSD 1876

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9005740

All Cleaning Solutions By Sam located at 2242 Bonita Ct., Lemon Grove, CA 91945.

Registrant: Sadiq Alizada, 2242 Bonita Ct., Lemon Grove, CA 91945. This business is conducted by An Individual.

REGISTRANT HAS NOT BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) ABOVE.

Signature: Sadiq Alizada. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/12/2026. AJ 1879 03/20, 03/27, 04/03, and 04/10/2026. AJSD 1879

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9006093

Ladybug ABC Childcare located at 777 Ada St Unit 11, Chula Vista, CA 91911. Registrant: Maria Del Pilar Felix Rodriguez, 777 Ada St Unit 11, Chula Vista, CA 91911. This business is conducted by An Individual. REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 03/17/2026. Signature: Maria Del Pilar Felix Rodriguez. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/17/2026. AJ 1885 03/27, 04/03, 04/10, 04/17/2026. AJSD 1885

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS

NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9004440

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS

NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9003807

Assisted Living Options located at 275 So. Worthington St, Space 45, Spring Valley, CA 91977.

Registrant: Margarita D Hill, 275 So. Worthington St, Space 45, Spring Valley, CA 91977. This business is conducted by An Individual. REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 05/16/2017. Signature: Margarita D Hill. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 02/19/2026. AJ 1877 03/13, 03/20, 03/27, and 04/03/2026. AJSD 1877

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9005667

M&M Fabwerx located at 1550 Frontage Rd #3, Chula Vista, CA 91911.

Registrant: Marco A Robles, 1409 Gerlar Ln, Ramona, CA 92065. This business is conducted by An Individual. REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 01/27/2005.

Signature: Marco Robles. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/12/2026. AJ 1880 03/20, 03/27, 04/03, and 04/10/2026. AJSD 1880

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS

NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9006461

NACU FC located at 16767 Bernardo Center Dr Ste L1#270104, San Diego, CA 92128. Registrant: Paul Nathan Nacu, PO BOX 270104, San Diego, CA 92128 This business is conducted by An Individual. REGISTRANT HAS NOT BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) ABOVE. Signature: Paul Nathan Nacu. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/20/2026. AJ 1886 03/27, 04/03, 04/10, 04/17/2026. AJSD 1886

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS

NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9006884

Erick’s Hair Studio located at 1177 3rd Ave Suite 1, Chula Vista, CA 91911. Registrant: Heriberto McIntyre, 1453 Fourth Ave #1114, San Diego, CA 92101. This business is conducted by An Individual. REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 12/14/2021.

Signature: Heriberto McIntyre.

Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/25/2026. AJ 1890 04/03, 04/10, 04/17 and 04/24/2026 AJSD 1890

Signature Care Group located at 3534 Syracuse Ave, San Diego, CA 92112. Registrant: Signature Care Provider Group, LLC, 3534 Syracuse Ave, San Diego, CA 92112. This business is conducted by A Limited Liability Company. REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 01/01/2026. Signature: Zuly Pineda. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 02/25/2026. AJ 1891 04/03, 04/10, 04/17 and 04/24/2026 AJSD 1891

JLC located at 9750 Via De La Amistad #6BZ, San Diego, CA 92154. Registrant: JLC Cars & Trucks LLC, 2498 Roll Dr Unit 810, San Diego, CA 92154. This business is conducted by A Limited Liability Company.

REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 03/23/2026.

Signature: Julieta Lineth Castillo Ruiz. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/25/2026. AJ 1892 04/03, 04/10, 04/17 and 04/24/2026. AJSD 1892

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS

NAME STATEMENT NO. 2026-9006349

a. Western Transport Refrigeration located at 3272 F St, San Diego, CA 92102. b. American Refrigerated Rentals located at 3272 F St, San Diego, CA 92102. Registrant: WTR Corporation, 3272 F St, San Diego, CA 92102. This business is conducted by A Corporation. REGISTRANT FIRST BEGUN TO TRANSACT BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME(S) AS OF 03/01/2026.

Signature: Kenneth Hardwick. Statement filed with Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on 03/19/2026. AJ 1893 04/03, 04/10, 04/17 and 04/24/2026. AJSD 1893