THE VISION PAPER | 2024-2025

Iribahan Kabataan organization, together with the selected students from Grade 12-HUMSS-Rothesay, conducted a mini career orientation for the grade six pupils of Goito Pimentel Elementary School at Barangay Mambalite, Daet, Camarines Norte last February 26, 2025.

With the theme “Dream Big: A Step to the World of Student Growth,” the orientation was a success with the help of the 78 pupils, the principal, Glicerio A. Clacio Jr., and two grade six teachers, Brenda Orlango and Junabel Pacao.

Featuring the essence of community engagement, solidarity, and citizenship, Andrea Khim S. Bermundo, founder of Iribahan Kabataan and Jaryn Joe L. Arriola, associate editor of Ang Mabinian, gave their valuable insights about leadership and dreams.

Bermundo encouraged the pupils to engage in volunteerism with the purpose of shaping the youth to become a leader who effectively contributes not only in their school but also in the community.

Arriola on the other hand, shared his own experiences on how he stepped out of his comfort zone to explore new things that made a positive impact on how he handled his confusion in choosing his future career.

The orientation became an eye-opener for the pupils to know that it is never too late to confidently start to believe in themselves and try to look for the things they want to pursue in life.

Imploring the aid of a citizen with a heart to change the future for the better, Bermundo and Arriola extended their purest intention to connect learning to real-world applications for the pupils to foster a supportive environment.

Community Engagement, Solidarity, and Citizenship is a fundamental subject in the Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) strand, focusing on helping us understand our responsibilities and societal roles. This subject encourages us to actively participate in the issues that affect our communities and teaches us the importance of working together to address these challenges. By highlighting the significance of unity, cooperation, and civic responsibilities, it fosters a sense of belonging and accountability within the larger society. It equips us with the mindset and skills necessary to engage in meaningful actions to positively impact our community.

At its core, this subject centers on community engagement, solidarity, and citizenship—key principles that bind us together as active members of society.

Community engagement encourages us to take part in improving the lives of others, whether through volunteering, advocating for necessary reforms, or collaborating with local organizations. Solidarity strengthens our connection to one another, particularly during difficult times, as we support each other in pursuit of shared goals. Citizenship reminds us of the importance of our roles and responsibilities as members of society, urging us to engage in democratic processes and work toward creating a more just and equitable world. These concepts come together to inspire us to act as individuals committed to the well-being of the community, rather than isolating ourselves from the issues that affect the people around us.

In the Philippines, where natural disasters are frequent and devastating, community engagement, solidarity, and citizenship are crucial. As a nation

prone to typhoons, earthquakes, and other calamities, disaster resilience and preparedness rely not only on government efforts but also on our active involvement. We must work together to ensure effective disaster plans, share resources, and support vulnerable groups. Solidarity is essential during and after disasters, as we help those in need with physical, emotional, and material support. Without our collective participation, disaster preparedness will remain a distant goal.

As HUMSS students, this subject offers a valuable opportunity to deepen our understanding of our roles in society. We are being trained to become leaders, educators, advocates, and social workers, and learning about community engagement, solidarity, and citizenship is key to addressing societal issues in our future careers. More importantly, it helps us realize that even small actions can lead to

positive change. Whether HUMSS students or not, understanding these concepts is essential for becoming active citizens who contribute to society’s welfare and progress.

In conclusion, Community Engagement, Solidarity, and Citizenship as a subject is more than just an academic subject—it is a call to action for all of us to contribute to the well-being of our society. By learning to engage with and support one another, we can create a more resilient, compassionate, and sustainable future. Whether in times of disaster, social unrest, or community challenges, these values are at the core of the positive change we all seek. The importance of these values cannot be overstated—they are the foundation upon which a thriving, supportive, and just community is built, and it is up to us to carry this responsibility forward.

DISCIPLINE AND IDEAS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES

by: Von Ivan O. De Los

Social science is more than just a subject in the Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) strand; it is a way of understanding the world. Studying Discipline and Ideas in Social Science (DISS) helps students gain insights into human behavior, societal structures, and interactions. This field of study opens doors to knowledge that not only shapes theoretical frameworks but also equips students with practical tools to address real-world issues. Through an exploration of various social science theories and perspectives, students begin to understand the complexities of human society and their role within it.

DISS encompasses a wide range of theories and approaches that influence how social scientists analyze society. For example, symbolic interactionism emphasizes the role of symbols and communication in shaping human behavior, while rational choice theory explains decisions made based on logic and self-interest. Structural functionalism, another key theory, highlights the interconnectedness of institutions and the need for social stability. Each of these frameworks offers a distinct way of interpreting human actions, providing us students with valuable tools to analyze and understand the nuances of social life.

In the classroom, students engage in case studies, discussions, and research that develop their critical thinking and analytical skills. Through this process, they learn to recognize patterns in human behavior, identify the influence of culture, and understand the role of institutions in shaping society. Most importantly, they become more observant of how social problems emerge and develop a deeper understanding of the complexities involved. This newfound awareness

POOR GETS POORER

prepares students to address contemporary issues by proposing thoughtful and practical solutions.

One of the biggest takeaways from DISS is the recognition that social problems are deeply rooted in history, culture, and social structures. Issues like poverty, inequality, corruption, and discrimination are systemic and require collective action to address. By applying insights from social science disciplines like economics, political science, and anthropology, students can analyze these problems more effectively and suggest meaningful solutions. In this way, the study of social science equips students with the ability to not only diagnose societal issues but also to develop strategies for social change.

However, applying social science knowledge in real-world scenarios can be challenging. Many communities resist social reforms due to deeply ingrained beliefs or fear of uncertainty. HUMSS students must prepare for this resistance by developing resilience and learning to communicate their ideas effectively. Introducing new ideas or policies often

Poverty continues to remain one of the most struggling challenges in the Philippines. Worrying statistics from the most recent Social Weather Stations (SWS) survey portray an alarming increase in self-rated poverty to an all-decade high of 21 years. This increase captures the economic challenges the country is facing and also the deeply rooted systemic problems that haunt millions of Filipinos. The more recent survey results indicate that people see themselves as poorer than before which means there is a lower relative economic status which shifts the perception gap between the country’s aspirations and opportunities for growth.

Several factors inflating self-reported poverty exist. Such as soaring prices of primary goods, such as food and fuel, have rendered it even more difficult for families who experience poverty to maintain their very basic needs. These families, therefore, have no choice but to make sacrifices, forgoing education or failing to buy food in order to afford other necessities. Further, very high unemployment and underemployment, particularly in rural areas

meets with opposition, especially when traditions and familiar ways of thinking are threatened. Additionally, conflicting interests between groups can complicate decision-making, as not everyone agrees on what’s best for the community. Despite these challenges, social science offers solutions by encouraging awareness, education, and engagement, ultimately fostering the potential for meaningful change.

Through DISS, we gain not only an understanding of society but also the tools to influence it. The knowledge and skills developed in this field empower students to advocate for justice, challenge inequalities, and contribute to societal progress. Whether through research, advocacy, or policy-making, HUMSS students have the potential to be the driving forces of change. While the road to social transformation is often long and difficult, every effort counts toward creating a more just and equitable society. In this way, DISS is more than just an academic subject—it is a powerful guide for navigating society and contributing to a better future.

around the country, place most Filipinos in low-paying jobs or unstable jobs which increases their financial insecurity.

These government programs, like the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (or 4Ps), have offered up only momentary reliefs and have not yet thought far enough to address the causes of poverty. The COVID-19 pandemic has further illustrated the failures of social safety nets since millions of people have lost their jobs, and much time elapsed before investments were made. Such short-term measures like these will not break the poverty net that traps so many Filipinos.

Poverty also affects health and education, particularly for children from poor families. Malnutrition and substandard education keep the cycle of poverty intact. In rural settings, lack of health care and education serves to even further abuse the poor families that are already struggling. The government of the Philippines would have to make long-term economic reforms to rectify escalating poverty to generate more jobs, quality education for all, and reduce inequality. Institutionalizing social safety nets is necessary as another

measure

The alarming rise in self-rated poverty shows the urgent need for real and lasting solutions to poverty in the Philippines. The government programs provide temporary help, they do not fix the deep problems keeping millions in poverty. Now is the time for strong action to create more jobs, ensure fair opportunities, and build a better future for all Filipinos. Only by working together and making real changes can the country break the cycle of poverty and achieve prosperity for everyone

In conclusion, poverty stems from various causes, including the government’s focus on temporary aid over lasting solutions. Bold action is needed to create jobs, ensure equal opportunities, and build a nation where all Filipinos can thrive. Future generations must not be left to suffer worsening poverty. Meaningful collaboration between the government, private sector, and society, along with policies promoting economic growth and social welfare, is crucial. Without urgent action, poverty will only deepen.

Silence, the most deafening silence is between the cracks of a mental health crisis in Cebu City. So far in 2024, 54 have taken their own lives. Although this is a bit below the 62 cases of 2023, there is no room for complacency. These are not merely numbers, these are lives tragically lost brothers, sisters, friends, and loved ones whose deaths could have been prevented. The consistent suicide rates at high levels show us a deeprooted systemic failure of the mental health care system. Now is the time to stop hiding from the problem, dismantle the stigma, and take concrete action to save lives.

This was acknowledged by the Cebu City Health Department (CHD). Suicide by hanging still remains the most common method, especially among teenagers and middle-aged adults. Yet behind these figures are many individuals suffering undetected, far too scared to seek help because of judgment and societal stigma. This lethal culture of silence is toxic. It stops those who are struggling from speaking up and strengthens the incorrect notion that mental health struggles are signs of weakness, not a medical fact. If urgent action is not taken, this cycle of suffering will persist and more lives will be lost.

The CHD lists the various serious mental health conditions in Cebu including depression, anxiety, substance abuse and neurological disorders. But, awareness is not enough and where are the real-life, well-resourced support systems? Where is access to mental health services in schools, workplaces, and communities? This approach is still insufficient, and if more persistent action isn’t taken, we will keep grieving over deaths. A multifactorial solution is not a choice it is a must. This, not only in Cebu City but all Regions in the Philippines shall invest in mandating mental health education in schools and workplaces, as well as providing knowledge and coping mechanisms. So we need to expand free mental-health services, so that people in need can receive professional treatment, including therapy and medication. A 24/7 suicide prevention hotline that is widely promoted and properly staffed is crucial. A continuously operational suicide prevention hotline needs ample promotion and well-trained staff to achieve its essential purpose. Communities must show greater involvement through active support from families and neighborhoods for people who need help. We will only respond to disasters after they occur if we fail to implement these preventive measures.

The most significant fight we need to take on is combatting the stigma surrounding mental health. Families along with educators and employers and policymakers need to eliminate their taboo approach to mental health issues. Seeking help is not a sign of weakness but instead it is an act of courage. Society needs to evolve to a place where conversations about depression and anxiety and suicidal thoughts happen as freely as discussions about physical health conditions.

Just like mental health advocate Sheravi Mae Galang said, “Just being there is very helpful. Not saying anything, just being there is enough.” Small acts of empathy, listening, offering support, and showing compassion that can save lives.

Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Science, or DIASS, is an academic discipline that aims to investigate how social scientific concepts can be used in realworld situations to address and resolve urgent societal problems. By bridging several fields like psychology, sociology, economics, and political science, this course enables people—especially social workers and counselors—to significantly impact communities. By emphasizing both individual support and more extensive systemic changes, DIASS focuses on comprehending social issues and applying research-based solutions to address them. Through the study of social issues such as poverty, injustice, and mental health, DIASS gives professionals the information and abilities they need to advance justice and social welfare.

Applying theoretical understanding from the social sciences to practical situations and directly addressing problems that impact people’s lives is the main objective of DIASS. As essential professionals in this field, social workers and counselors assist people, families, and communities in overcoming social and personal obstacles. Their work includes everything from promoting legislative reforms that safeguard vulnerable populations to offering emotional assistance to those experiencing mental health crises. They may successfully use evidence-based solutions thanks to the frameworks that DIASS offers, which blend empathy and pragmatism.

A DIASS-trained counselor, for instance, would be aware of the connections between families, financial hardships, and mental health. The counselor can help people make better decisions by providing counseling services and by promoting legislative reforms that deal with the underlying causes of these issues. Similar methods can be used by social workers in community-based interventions to lessen the impact of poverty, social exclusion, or lack of access to necessary services. Counselors and social workers both support social justice through DIASS by attending to the needs of those who are oppressed or disenfranchised. Moreover, this subject plays a crucial role in addressing mental health issues in the Philippines by highlighting the significance of social workers and counselors in providing support and intervention. The subject equips students with a deeper understanding of psychological and social challenges, enabling them to develop strategies that promote mental well-being. Counselors serve as essential pillars in guiding individuals through emotional struggles, offering therapy and coping mechanisms to improve their quality of life. Meanwhile, social workers engage in community-based initiatives, ensuring that mental health services are accessible, especially to marginalized groups. By fostering awareness, advocacy, and direct intervention, DIASS empowers future professionals to contribute to a more supportive and mentally resilient society.

Learning DIASS is essential for HUMSS students to comprehend the intricacies of society and the various causes of social issues. Students gain critical thinking abilities and a more comprehensive understanding of the role that social work and counseling play in fostering a more fair and just society. Students enrolled in HUMSS programs are equipped to assume positions requiring empathy and a thorough comprehension of human behavior, which are essential for careers in social work and counseling. Gaining knowledge about DIASS is crucial for everyone since it raises awareness of societal problems and motivates people to work toward solutions. It helps people understand the importance of social responsibility and inspires them to become social change agents, which helps to create a better society.

ECHOES OF COMMITMENT

The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) recently vowed to strengthen social work practice in the Philippines. While this pledge sounds promising, one cannot help but ask: how many times have similar commitments been made with little to no tangible results? Social work in the country remains underfunded, understaffed, and undervalued. If DSWD is truly serious about fortifying social work practice, then it must go beyond words and implement concrete, long-lasting reforms that will benefit both social workers and the vulnerable populations they serve.

First and foremost, strengthening social work practice requires adequate funding. Despite the crucial role social workers play in addressing poverty, abuse, and mental health concerns, they are often expected to do more with less. Many social workers endure heavy caseloads with insufficient resources, making it nearly impossible to provide the quality care that marginalized individuals desperately need. DSWD must push for higher budget allocations for social services, ensuring that social workers have access to the tools and support necessary to perform their jobs effectively.

Moreover, improving working conditions for social workers should be a top priority. The field is afflicted with low wages, burnout, and a lack of professional development opportunities. Without better compensation and career growth pathways, the country will continue to see high turnover rates among social workers, which ultimately harms the very people they are meant to assist. If DSWD genuinely intends to strengthen social work practice, it must advocate for competitive salaries, benefits, and training programs that equip social workers with the skills they need to excel.

Additionally, the government must address inefficiencies that hinder social work services. Many social workers struggle with red tape that delays assistance and complicates service delivery. A system meant to uplift the most vulnerable should not be mired in excessive paperwork and administrative bottlenecks.

DSWD must streamline its processes, ensuring that social workers can focus on providing direct services rather than drowning in bureaucracy. in the field.

If DSWD’s promise is to be taken seriously, it must be backed by genuine, systemic change. Half-hearted commitments will not suffice. The government must invest in social workers, remove barriers that hinder their efficiency, and establish policies that truly strengthen social work practice. Otherwise, this pledge will become yet another empty declaration, leaving both social workers and the communities they serve in a perpetual state of neglect.

Overall, DIASS is a crucial course that gives students, counselors, and social workers the skills they need to deal with some of the most important problems facing society. The real-world implementation of social science concepts can result in significant change in a variety of areas, including inequality, poverty, and mental health. Knowing the importance of DIASS as a HUMSS student or even as an informed citizen opens avenues to bettering the lives of others and advancing society as a whole. Ultimately, DIASS serves as a reminder that people who are capable, empowered, and driven to alter the world are the first to bring about social change. We can overcome societal obstacles and create a more just and equitable world by supporting the work of social workers and counselors.

Shadows of a Divided Land

The Israel-Palestine conflict has a strong historical foundation, originally in the 1800s. It primarily began when Jewish Nationalism (Zionism) started the movement of their Jewish homeland in Palestine, which was mainly populated by Arab Muslims. Jews wanted to express and establish a Jewish homeland. However, it significantly upset and dissatisfaction among the local Arab population, who felt threatened on the land they had inhabited for centuries.

After the Ottoman Empire along with the Christians defeated World War I which was part of Palestine. Britain took control of Palestine and promised to support the creation of a Jewish homeland. Leading to more Jewish immigrants. But instead, it only served to escalate tensions with the Arabs fueling the conflict.

Furthermore, in 1947, the United Nations suggested splitting Palestine into two states. The Jews agreed to the proposal, seeing it as a step toward a peaceful resolution.

On the other hand, the Arabs rejected it, as they believed it favored one side, unjust, and imbalanced on the allocation of resources and land.

By 1948, Israel declared itself as a country and led a war with Arabic countries. Israel won gaining more land than expected and Palestinians were forced to leave their homes. Since then, the conflict has been continuously growing with no resolutions between both sides.

At present, the international response and proposal such as U.S. President Donald Trump, proposed relocating Gaza’s population, a plan met with public refusal from Arab nations and international leaders, who viewed it as a form of cleansing. The current state of affairs—marked by fragile ceasefires, controversial proposals, and ongoing humanitarian suffering only demonstrates that military solutions alone will not bring lasting peace.

Nevertheless, the IsraelPalestine conflict is no longer just a regional issue, it has become a global crisis that demands a solution based on justice, equality, and mutual recognition. International countries should push for a comprehensive peace process that prioritizes diplomacy over violence and destruction. Immediate action is crucial, rather than taking sides in the conflict. Understanding the history and knowledge empowers us to support fair resolutions creating informed decisions and actions in any way we can to promote peace and understanding

Although the pursuit of peace requires bold and courageous leadership from both Israeli and Palestinian leaders, it can ensure that both peoples can coexist with dignity, security, and recognition of their rightful claims. Only by mutual respect of each side and addressing issues properly and abide the law can the Israeli-Palestinian conflict move toward a justified and lasting peace.

INTRODUCTION TO WORLD RELIGION AND BELIEF SYSTEMS

Religion and belief systems have shaped societies for centuries, influencing culture, ethics, and governance. The study of world religions explores different faiths, traditions, and philosophies, highlighting their roles in shaping human thought and civilization. It allows individuals to understand the diversity of spiritual perspectives, appreciate cultural differences, and recognize the impact of religion on history and modern society. Learning about these beliefs helps foster respect and coexistence among various communities in an increasingly interconnected world.

Religions have been deeply rooted in human societies, with major faiths like Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Judaism shaping civilizations for centuries. Additionally, indigenous and alternative belief systems continue to influence cultures, traditions, and moral values. Understanding world religions is essential as it gives insights into historical events, ethical frameworks, and the development of societies. While different in doctrines and practices, many religions share common themes of morality, justice, and compassion, which emphasize the importance of studying them in a broader social context.

However, the presence of diverse religions does not always guarantee unity. Religious intolerance and discrimination continue to be pressing societal issues that affect individuals and communities worldwide. Many Muslim Filipinos, especially in Mindanao, face discrimination and prejudice, being subjected to stereotypes that link their faith with extremism. This deepens social divisions and prevents their full participation in society. Indigenous spiritual practices, such as those of the Lumad and Aeta communities, are often marginalized and dismissed as

outdated. These traditions struggle to survive due to the dominance of mainstream religions and governmental neglect. Social media has become a breeding ground for misinformation, toxic debates, and religious hate speech. Misinterpretations of religious doctrines often fuel discrimination, leading to social tensions and misunderstandings.

As HUMSS students and responsible citizens, understanding world religions is essential in addressing these societal challenges. Being knowledgeable about religious diversity helps us develop tolerance, empathy, and respect for differing beliefs. It also enables us to critically analyze issues related to faith and its influence on politics, education, and human rights. Studying this subject allows us to recognize how religion affects legal systems and public policies, providing insights into the balance between religious freedom and governance. Moreover, understanding world religions equips individuals with the awareness to challenge biases and stereotypes, fostering a more inclusive and fair society. By recognizing how religious beliefs shape perspectives on social issues, we become more informed about their impact on policies, justice, and cultural dynamics.

The study of world religion and belief systems is not just an academic pursuit but a crucial tool for promoting harmony and equality in society. Though religious differences can sometimes lead to conflicts, understanding them allows us to appreciate diversity, advocate for religious freedom, and ensure that governance remains fair and neutral. Learning about world religions empowers individuals to engage in meaningful discussions, challenge discrimination, and contribute to building a more just and tolerant world.

The separation of church and state was one of the controversial constitutional principles created. Originated from the writings of thinkers during the Age of Enlightenment and was influenced by events in history, especially in Europe and America. The idea of separation emerged from centuries of political and religious thought.

Church-state separation to put it simply, that the government and religious institutions should stay independent from each other. The government shouldn’t favor any religion and religious groups shouldn’t control the government, creating a balanced structure. Keeping religion and politics separated to protect individual freedoms. The people’s right to believe what they want and keep the government fair to everyone, no matter what religion they follow.

Central to maintaining religious freedom, fairness, and neutrality in our country and so in others. Religious groups should not have the power to influence laws or governmental decisions. Similarly, government policies should not promote or restrain religious beliefs

However, several societal challenges and debates arise from this, especially given the strong influence of religion. While the Philippine constitution pledges this charter, it sometimes creates tensions such as discrimination against minorities and certain religious beliefs. Mainly, Catholic Churches discriminate against the LGBTQ+ individuals. Turning to their interpretations of sacred texts, some churches continue to resist change in desire to preserve traditional aspects within the religious institutions.

Yet another is religious interference in politics. Enforcing influences over the local government decisions or laws in ways that reflect religious beliefs rather than logical reasoning. Due to that, it causes conflicts with the laws, public servants, and the people. Creating confusion and inconsistency in the application of justice.

In addition, the state’s role in church-state separation is crucial, as its implementation or misinterpretation can lead to conflicts in religion, governance, and social relations. A well-known issue is the clash between public services and religious beliefs, such as when religious groups refuse to provide services like abortion and contraception based on their teachings, despite these being legally accessible. These challenges highlight broader issues that the Philippines continues to face in balancing religious influence and state policies.

Furthermore, as HUMSS students. It is always important to engage seriously with societal problems and participate responsibly in any we can. The people should discover more about this topic as it is the foundation for protecting individual rights, including religious freedom. We can gain a deeper understanding of how rights are protected, regarding the freedom to practice and do any religion without the fear of government interference, and ensuring equality in our society with diverse religious beliefs and practices. Affecting political decisions, we can better understand the relationship between religion and politics, helping us attract more insights into the impacts of religious interest on laws, about social issues like education and rights.

To conclude, It was not initially a law or formal principle but rather an evolving idea. No matter the issues of both sides combined, understanding the church-state separation allows us to see how laws can protect citizens’ freedom while ensuring that the government’s power does not favor any religious group and how politics should function without interference from religious aspects, engaging societal problems logically. It empowers us into informed citizens and this could not only help in the academic context but also each human’s lives in shaping our tolerant society becoming more involved in social movements that aim for a more just society.

Unmasking Power and Impunity

The impeachment of Vice President Sara Duterte is a necessary and justified action that upholds the principles of accountability and good governance in the Philippines. The charges against her—ranging from culpable violation of the Constitution to bribery and betrayal of public trust—paint a troubling picture of misconduct that cannot be ignored. Public officials, especially those in high positions, must be held to the highest standards, and Duterte’s alleged actions demonstrate a disregard for ethical leadership, making her unfit to remain in office.

One of the most alarming allegations against Duterte is her reported threat to assassinate President Ferdinand Marcos Jr., First Lady Liza Araneta-Marcos, and House Speaker Martin Romualdez if there were attempts on her life. Such a statement, whether made in jest or seriousness, is unacceptable from a sitting vice president. It not only reveals recklessness but also undermines the stability of the government. If allowed to remain in office, Duterte’s behavior could set a dangerous precedent that high-ranking officials can engage in intimidation and threats without facing consequences.

Additionally, the accusations of graft and corruption, especially the misuse of confidential funds, further support the case for impeachment. Public funds must be used for the benefit of the people, not for personal gain or political maneuvering. The Philippines has long struggled with corruption in government, and allowing Duterte to evade accountability would send a message that powerful figures are immune to justice. By impeaching her, lawmakers reinforce the idea that no one, not even the vice president, is above the law.

Critics argue that the impeachment is politically motivated, given the ongoing rift between the Marcos and Duterte factions. However, political motivations do not negate the validity of the charges. If Duterte is indeed guilty of these serious offenses, it is irrelevant whether her removal benefits certain political groups. What matters is whether she has violated the trust of the Filipino people and if her continued presence in office poses a threat to governance and stability.

The impeachment of Sara Duterte is not just about removing one leader from power—it is about defending the integrity of the country’s democratic institutions. If public officials are allowed to engage in corruption, threats, and abuse of power without repercussions, the government loses its credibility. Upholding the rule of law is crucial in ensuring that the Philippines moves toward a future where accountability is not just a political tool but a fundamental principle of governance.

Balance of HEART AND MIND

A mind that functions and a heart ready to serve—two things that often become the reason for Filipinos in their journey into the world of politics. With the recent filing of Certificates of Candidacy for the 2025 Elections, various ordinary and well-known citizens have shown their interest in public service. However, the true intentions of some candidates are now being questioned whether they genuinely aim to provide efficient service or if they are simply capitalizing on their influence and popularity.

With the 2025 Midterm Elections approaching, many celebrities and social media influencers have filed their candidacy, including TikTok influencer Rosmar Tan, who initially ran for councilor of Manila’s First District. Known for her lighthearted content, she claimed a sincere desire to help, yet when asked about the laws of the country, she simply stated, “Lahat ng bagay, puwedeng matutunan. Hindi naman po ako bobong tao.” While intelligence is not solely measured by education, governance is not a trial-and-error process. The Philippines needs immediate solutions, not leaders still learning the system. Recently, Tan withdrew her candidacy due to pregnancy, a valid reason but one that also highlights her lack of true commitment to public service, proving leadership demands more than popularity and good intentions.

Additionally, another candidate, Deo Balbuena, popularly known as “Diwata Pares,” has also filed his candidacy as the fourth nominee of the Vendors Partylist. A simple citizen whose only goal was to earn and support his family suddenly aims to support the entire nation. In his candidacy, he stated that their partylist aims to improve the livelihoods of

vendors, as their income is insufficient to sustain their families. Like Rosmar Tan, his intentions to help are pure, but being a representative is not as simple as running a business. When asked if he would offer unlimited servings of his famous pares, he jokingly replied, “Magu-unli rice tayo doon, at free soft drinks pa.” In these times, Filipinos need leaders who will serve with both heart and mind, not just those who will bring fame and entertainment to the government. Being discerning in every decision is crucial because smiles and laughter are not enough to save the struggling economy. What is needed are concrete actions and solutions to sustain livelihoods and provide for the needs of the people.

According to Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (Omnibus Election Code), aside from being a Filipino citizen, meeting the required age, and residing in the area they seek to serve, one of the qualifications for candidacy is the ability to read and write. When compared to the requirements needed to secure a job in the Philippines—such as specific educational attainment, certifications, work experience, exams, and interviews— companies demand more proof of competence than the government does for public office. Since both employment and political service aim to serve others, the role of leaders is even more crucial, which is why the screening process for candidates should be stricter. If getting a regular job is difficult, yet running for public office is easy, then the standards for leadership positions must be raised— because the nation’s economy and the welfare of the community depend on these leaders.

A large influence significantly helps a person win an election. When a popular figure enters the government, they carry

Philippine Politics and Governance (PPG) is a highly informative subject, especially for students in the Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) strand. It delves into the intricate workings of the Philippine government, exploring its historical development, structures, and functions. PPG examines key political concepts, ideologies, and processes, providing students with a comprehensive understanding of how power is exercised and how decisions are made within the country. This knowledge is essential for fostering informed and engaged citizens who can contribute meaningfully to the nation’s progress.

PPG covers a wide range of topics, including the Philippine Constitution, the three branches of government which are the executive, legislative, and judicial, political parties, the electoral system, and the role of civil society. It also examines the challenges and issues facing the Philippines, such as poverty, inequality, corruption, and environmental degradation. By studying these topics, students gain insights into the complexities of Philippine politics and the interconnectedness of various political actors and institutions. They learn about the different forms of government, the principles of democracy, and the importance of citizen participation in shaping public policy.

The study of PPG is deeply connected to societal problems in the Philippines. For instance,

understanding the political system is crucial for addressing issues like corruption. By learning about the mechanisms of governance and accountability, students can become more critical of corrupt practices and advocate for reforms. PPG also sheds light on the dynamics of power and how they influence policy decisions. This knowledge is essential for understanding why certain policies are implemented and how they impact different segments of society. Moreover, PPG can empower citizens to engage in political discourse and participate in democratic processes, such as elections and advocacy. By understanding their rights and responsibilities, citizens can hold their leaders accountable and demand better governance.

PPG is particularly important for HUMSS students as it provides a critical understanding of the country’s growing political issues, including corruption, political dynasties, and weak governance. Corruption remains deeply entrenched in the political system, diverting public funds from essential services and hindering national progress. Political dynasties continue to dominate elections, limiting opportunities for new and more competent leaders to rise, ultimately reinforcing inequality and patronage politics. Furthermore, issues such as electoral fraud, lack of transparency, and ineffective policy implementation weaken democratic institutions and erode public trust in the government. By understanding how governance works and recognizing the flaws in the system, individuals can push for accountability and contribute to meaningful change in society.

All in all, PPG is a vital subject that empowers students to

their supporters’ voices into the political sphere. This is an advantage because it allows for widespread communication across the nation. However, just because a person has good intentions does not automatically mean they will govern effectively. Wisdom and knowledge in leadership are essential, not just pure sincerity, because these are necessary for making wise and effective decisions for their constituents.

This is an opportunity for Filipino voters to be critical and discerning in their decisions, especially in choosing the right leaders for the country. In exercising the right to vote, choose wisely and prioritize the needs of the people. And for those aspiring to run for office, they must deeply reflect on their candidacy—not just based on how many supporters they have, but on how much support they can genuinely provide to others. If the government continues to allow unqualified individuals to enter politics, there may come a time when the country’s election laws need to be reformed to raise the qualifications for candidacy. This may be a long and challenging process, but the welfare of the people and the economy is at stake, making it necessary to give this issue proper attention and action.

Now that the power of change is in the hands of the Filipino people, use the right to vote to achieve the life everyone deserves. Everything starts with proper knowledge and information, ensuring careful decision-making. All those who seek public office must be scrutinized to ensure they possess a balance of a heart willing to serve and a mind capable of avoiding mistakes and shaping the nation’s future.

become informed and engaged citizens. It provides a comprehensive understanding of the Philippine political system, its challenges, and its potential for positive change. By studying this, students develop critical thinking skills, gain insights into societal problems, and learn how to participate effectively in democratic processes. This knowledge is essential for building a strong and vibrant democracy where citizens are empowered to shape their destinies and contribute to the well-being of their nation. As we move forward in the 21st century, the need for informed and engaged citizens is greater than ever, and PPG plays a crucial role in preparing individuals to meet this challenge.

Nonfiction has traditionally been grounded in verifiable facts, ensuring that truths are accurately documented and supported by credible sources. This commitment to factual accuracy serves to identify and record significant people and events. However, a contemporary form of nonfiction, known as creative nonfiction (CNF), is redefining the way truth is understood and conveyed. Rather than merely presenting facts, CNF acts as a bridge between the factual foundation of traditional nonfiction and the artistic techniques commonly associated with fiction. Through the use of vivid language, engaging narratives, and character development, CNF allows real-world topics to be explored in a more compelling and relatable manner. It does not fabricate reality but instead enhances its accessibility and emotional impact.

Beyond its informational role, CNF aims to establish an emotional connection with its audience. Description within CNF is not limited to sensory details or biographical accuracy; instead, it incorporates personal experiences and character sketches to humanize complex social issues. While some critics argue that this approach introduces a degree of subjectivity, it remains an effective means of conveying truth and eliciting empathy. Artistic storytelling infuses information with lasting significance by linking it to real lives and tangible experiences. As Joan Didion famously stated, “We tell ourselves stories to live.” CNF, therefore, serves as a means of narrating meaningful truths that shed light on the human condition in ways that conventional nonfiction often fails to achieve.

A major point of contention surrounding CNF arises in the field of journalism. The subjective nature of CNF, while powerful, can blur the distinction between fact and embellishment, potentially leading to misrepresentations and a loss of trust. This concern is particularly relevant in countries such as the Philippines, where freedom of expression has faced significant challenges. When CNF is employed to personalize and humanize pressing social issues, such as government corruption or human rights violations, journalists utilizing these techniques may be unfairly labeled as subversive or even “red-tagged” as communist sympathizers. Such accusations can have dire consequences, ranging from online harassment to actual threats against journalists, ultimately suppressing dissent and hindering investigative reporting.

Given these implications, a thorough understanding of CNF is essential, particularly for students in the Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) strand.

The study of CNF equips students with the critical thinking skills necessary for analyzing narratives and recognizing the rhetorical power of storytelling. This discipline encourages students to engage with issues of identity, social justice, and community development through a nuanced and reflective

lens. As with other academic fields, CNF serves as a foundational tool for enhancing communication skills, benefiting future professionals in journalism, social work, and even science and technology.

Moreover, CNF offers a powerful means of fostering deeper engagement with the world. While it presents certain challenges, especially in contexts where freedom of expression is constrained, it also possesses significant potential for cultivating empathy and critical awareness among Filipino youth. By providing individuals with the opportunity to share their personal stories, CNF empowers marginalized voices and promotes greater understanding within society. When approached with ethical responsibility, fact-checking, and adherence to truth, CNF can serve as a force for positive change, enabling individuals to contribute to a more just and equitable society.

Ultimately, the value of CNF lies in its ability to transform abstract information into narratives that resonate on a personal level. By blending factual accuracy with storytelling techniques, it bridges the gap between knowledge and experience. In doing so, it encourages students and future writers to navigate complex societal issues with both intellectual rigor and emotional depth. As the field of CNF continues to evolve, its role in shaping discourse, inspiring action, and amplifying underrepresented voices remains indispensable.

Jaryn’s passion for storytelling lies not in fiction, but in the art of capturing reality with eloquence and insight. As a dedicated campus journalist, he has a talent for turning everyday experiences into compelling narratives that resonate with readers. His exceptional writing skills were recognized during his 11th grade when he received the award for Best in Creative Nonfiction—a testament to his ability to observe, analyze, and convey the world around him.

From a young age, Jaryn was drawn to the power of words, using them to document moments both big and small. His involvement in campus journalism allowed him to hone his craft, reporting on school events, student achievements, and community issues. With each article, he sought not only to inform but also to evoke emotion and to fight for justice.

Jaryn’s strength lies in his ability to find the extraordinary within the ordinary. His writing is characterized by vivid descriptions, thoughtful

reflections, and a keen sense of empathy. Whether capturing the excitement of a school competition, sharing a classmate’s inspiring journey, or exploring social challenges, Jaryn’s narratives leave a lasting impression.

Receiving the Creative Nonfiction award solidified his belief in the power of storytelling to create connection and understanding. While accolades are gratifying, Jaryn’s true motivation comes from knowing that his words can inspire change and foster a sense of community. He believes that every story holds the potential to illuminate truths and give voice to those who might otherwise go unheard.

With aspirations to pursue a career in journalism, Jaryn remains committed to using his writing to make a difference. Each article, essay, and personal reflection brings him closer to his goal of becoming a storyteller whose words not only inform but also inspire. For Jaryn, creative nonfiction is more than a genre— it’s a way to capture the essence of life, one article at a time.

Mya’s world is a tapestry of words and wonder. Her fingers glide over the keys of her laptop, weaving characters and plots that leap from the screen into readers’ imaginations. For Mya, creative writing isn’t just a pastime—it’s a lifeline to a world where her thoughts and dreams come alive. As a Wattpad writer, she has found not only a platform but a community that embraces her stories.

Even as a child, Mya’s mind brimmed with stories waiting to be told. She would scribble ideas in the margins of her notebooks, dreaming of adventures and distant worlds. It wasn’t until she discovered Wattpad that her passion found an audience. With every upload, Mya’s following grew and her inbox filled with comments from readers who connected with her characters and plots. What sets Myya apart is her boundless imagination. Writing allows her to escape into a world where anything is possible. Her storytelling is vibrant, painting vivid images and evoking emotions that linger long after the final chapter. Whether crafting tender romances, suspenseful

If you are familiar with Wattpad, Songs, and K-Drama, then you already have some ideas about what creative writing is. Creative writing is all about using imagination and skills to express thoughts and feelings uniquely and artistically. It’s not just about following rules but it’s also about breaking them to create something new and original. People write stories, poems, plays, and essays using their imagination. This kind of writing can be entertaining, thought-provoking, or even life-changing.

Creative writing involves much more than just writing. It employs rich and vivid images with such literary devices like metaphors, similes, and imagery to capture an audience’s imagination. Authors narrate things in a tale. It evokes the inner senses and the mind with a many-sensory approach to enter into it deeply. Many a time, it can experiment with a style and shape to find a personal voice–a personal viewpoint, or even play with structure, point of view, or even language itself, for a particular effect. It demands a thorough mastery of language and a unique flair for out-of-the-box usage. The freedom and imaginative space for creativity are very important in a creative writing process.

Even more than that, one person can do creative writing to understand and perhaps respond to problems in the world. Think about a future where history has been changed. Imagine a young student who accidentally discovers or finds some very old books, old diaries, and banned records, and within those records, he or she finds a past that gave him or her shocks because it is very different from what he or she was taught. This student learns that this society is dystopian, where the government has control over the information, and the truth becomes illegal. In that world, there is a secret group of writers whose words serve as weapons in an attempt to fight back against lies and oppression. And I mean figuratively in terms of fantasy. Indeed, these things could be observed around us even in this world today. In 2025, one will again hear voices about historical revisionism and all kinds of lies, especially lies on the internet, in the case of the Philippines. In fact, people are trying to change the memories of significant events within history. Thus, writing imaginatively on themes of truth-memoryjustice, for example, has been even more important now. It brings us through a safe and

thrillers, or fantastical quests, Mya infuses each story with a piece of herself.

Her passion for writing was recognized during her grade 11 days when she received the award for Best in Creative Writing. This achievement further strengthened her confidence in her storytelling abilities. Her connection with readers fuels her passion. Every comment and message serves as a reminder of the power her words hold. Despite the occasional struggle with writer’s block, Mya’s determination never wavers. Her notes app, always within reach, captures fleeting bursts of inspiration.

Mya dreams of one day seeing her name on the spine of a published novel, yet she remains grounded in the joy of storytelling. She believes that writing with heart and allowing the imagination to soar can create stories that touch lives.

As she closes her laptop, a satisfied smile graces her lips. Mya knows her journey as a storyteller is far from over. With every story she shares, she continues to weave dreams into reality—one chapter at a time.

exciting adventure to critically rethink the world out there and the choices to make. How can we know if anything we read is true? How can we know if everything we hear is legit? How can we know if something we watch is factual? No one knows.

As for HUMSS students, we are taught to think critically and understand how complexity manifests in our society. It actually gives us the space wherein such would be expressed in its fullest sense. Creative writing opens our minds to a variety of perspectives, questions certain assumptions, and perhaps trains that feeling of empathy toward others. This is really a good point to learn effective and persuasive communication, which would come in handy regardless of what field one goes into. Among many other things, creative writing is said to be an effective way in which one–not that intent on becoming a writer in any concrete sense–cultivates a broader, less conventional problem-solving approach to self-expression. Also, it can ignite an imagination that gives rise to innovations and new ideas in any field. Hence, creativity is what is required today in this modern world; and creative writing is the way through which it can be achieved.

Creative writing is not just a subject, It becomes truly important when it comes to being able to conceive and understand ourselves in relation to our world. The time has come again when the things or answers that can truly be called truth are always mistaken or misrepresented. Thus, creative writing— both as a practice and a result has the power to unmask lies, inspire change, and even save memories. By embracing creative writing, we can thereby empower ourselves to be more informed, engaged, and compassionate citizens.

The subject “Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century” helps us understand the rapid changes happening around us. In today’s world, everything is constantly evolving—new technologies are shaping how we live, work, and communicate, while social and cultural shifts are changing the way we view our roles in society. This subject is all about looking at these trends, understanding how different networks connect us, and most importantly, developing the ability to think critically about the world we live in. By learning how to navigate these changes, we are better prepared to make informed decisions and become responsible citizens in an ever-changing world.

At its core, this subject is about recognizing the trends and networks that influence our everyday lives. Trends are the changes or patterns that emerge in society, whether in technology, culture, or the economy. Some of these trends come and go, while others have a lasting impact. For example, the rise of social media and online communication is a trend that has completely transformed how we interact with each other. Networks, on the other hand, refer to the systems that connect people, ideas, and resources, like the internet or social media platforms, which have become central to how we share information and stay connected. Critical thinking ties everything together. It helps us analyze, question, and evaluate what’s happening around us so that we don’t just accept things at face value. It enables us to see beyond the surface and make informed choices about how we engage with the world.

One of the most significant trends we are facing today is the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), which is changing how industries function and how we live our daily lives. In the Philippines, the impact of AI is already being felt, particularly in sectors like customer service, manufacturing, and even healthcare. While AI promises many benefits, such as making processes more efficient and opening up new possibilities for innovation, it also brings challenges. For instance, the automation of jobs can lead to unemployment in certain sectors, and there are concerns about data privacy and the ethics of AI decisions. As AI continues to grow, it’s important for us to think critically about these issues. This subject helps us do just that—by understanding the trends related to AI, we can better grasp its potential impact on our society. By being informed and thinking critically, we can contribute to shaping the future of AI in ways that benefit everyone.

As HUMSS students, we study the mechanisms that shape the world around us, and this subject helps us stay informed about the ongoing trends and developments. It encourages us to analyze what is happening in society so that we can better understand potential solutions or interventions to address any challenges. Rather than getting caught up in what is simply trending, we are taught to focus on what is truly functional and beneficial for us. Critical thinking enables us to look beyond the noise of popular trends and make decisions based on what will have the most meaningful and positive impact on our lives and communities.

To wrap up, “Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century” is more than just a subject we study—it’s a guide for how we approach the world. As trends like AI continue to evolve, and as networks become more complex, we must understand the forces shaping our society. For HUMSS students and for everyone, understanding how to navigate the changes around us is essential if we want to build a better future. In a world that never stops changing, the ability to think critically and stay connected is a powerful tool that can lead to positive growth and progress.

In a world where technology moves faster than we can keep up, it’s easy to forget what truly holds us together: our ability to understand, empathize, and care for one another. Behind every screen, every algorithm, there are real people with real stories, facing challenges that numbers and data alone can’t solve. This is where the power of the Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) track comes in—shaping students who are not just future professionals, but compassionate individuals ready to make a difference. This track equips us with the knowledge to deeply understand the world around us, from history and philosophy to psychology, politics, and literature. As HUMSS students, we don’t just learn about the world; we learn how to change it for the better, using words, ideas, and empathy to address human problems that technology can’t fix.

Studying HUMSS is a key part of personal growth.

By exploring the complex field of Humanities and Social Science, we are encouraged to understand both ourselves and the world around us. The subjects we’ve studied—such as Community Engagement, Social Science, Applied Social Science, World Religions and Belief Systems, Philippine Politics, Trends, Networks, Critical Thinking, Creative Writing, and Creative Nonfiction—offer profound insights into human nature. These subjects have helped us understand our emotions, beliefs, and behaviors, while also guiding us through the complexities of society. We’ve learned to see the connections between social systems, personal actions, and the broader world, which has cultivated awareness, broadened our perspectives, and strengthened our ability to engage with diverse ideas and people.

We, HUMSS students are more than just learners; we are future leaders and change-makers, equipped

to tackle significant global issues. Our studies inspire us to ask important questions and approach problems with empathy and open-mindedness. As we engage with real-world issues, we learn to listen, reflect, and take meaningful action. We are not just learning to solve problems—we are being prepared to change lives. With the knowledge and compassion we’ve cultivated, HUMSS students are poised to be thoughtful, innovative leaders who will address global challenges and shape a future built on understanding, unity, and hope.

Despite the vital role that HUMSS plays in shaping future leaders, counselors, educators, and advocates, students in this track often face discrimination compared to those in STEM and ABM. Many assume that HUMSS is an “easier” strand, overlooking the intellectual depth and emotional labor required to understand complex societal issues, analyze human behavior, and address pressing global concerns. Unlike STEM, which focuses on technical expertise, or ABM, which emphasizes business strategies, HUMSS develops critical thinking, communication, and problem-solving skills essential for leadership and social change. The comparison often diminishes the significance of HUMSS, failing to recognize that society needs not just engineers, doctors, and entrepreneurs but also policymakers, journalists, and social workers who advocate for justice and human rights. Overcoming this bias starts with acknowledging that every strand has its own unique challenges and contributions and that HUMSS students are just as vital in shaping the future as those in other academic tracks.

The HUMSS track goes beyond theories and textbooks—it shapes the future. It opens doors to careers where we can make a real impact, whether

in law, teaching, counseling, media, politics, or non-profits. The knowledge we’ve gained helps us understand human behavior and societal issues, skills essential both now and in the future. As the world faces challenges like political polarization, social injustice, and climate change, HUMSS students bring intellect and empathy, seeking solutions that are both practical and compassionate. Our ability to listen, think critically, and empathize makes us key players in building a more just and unified world.

Being a HUMSS student is about nurturing a deep sense of purpose and compassion that drives us to make a meaningful impact. Our journey through the humanities and social sciences has shaped us into individuals who understand society’s complexities and care about creating positive change. We’ve learned to think critically, communicate effectively, and approach the world with empathy. These skills will guide us as we face the challenges of tomorrow, whether it’s addressing social injustices or navigating global crises. We, HUMSS students, are equipped to be the voices of reason, hope, and change, and we carry the responsibility to use