The Record Newspaper 22 March 1944

HowtheApostle.Broughttoa Pagan.RaceChrist'sTeaching "FragrantwiththeBreath ofEphesus" DevotiontotheMotherofGod hasCharacterisedIrishFaith for1500Years-

*Australia'sDebttoPatrick'sNeophytes

SolemnhighMasswascelebrated inSt.Mary'sCathedralat9.30a.m.on March17,tomarkthecelebrationof theFeastofSt.Patrick.ThecelebrantwasRev.J.P.McGillicuddy,assistedbyRev.P.DonnellyasDeacon andRev.H.BrennanasSub-Deacon. HisGracetheArchbishoppresided. HisGracewasassistedatthethrone byVeryRev.E.Kennedy,D.D., Adm.,andRev.FatherF.Lyons, M.S.C.,ChaplaintotheForces.Rev. J.P.O'FarrellwasAssistantPriest. Ceremonieswereunderthedirection ofRev.J.J.Rafferty.St.Mary's CathedralChoir,conductedbyRev. A.E.Lynch,renderedthemusicof theMass.Theoccasionalsermonwas preachedbyRev.H.Lalor.Addressingthelargecongregation,Father Lalorsaid:-

MyLordArchbishop,Rev.Fathers,and mydearpeople,Iwouldrecalltoyourmindsthis morninga'sceneintheCityofthe Popesfifteenhundredyearsago.The HolyFather,PopeCelestine,wasa sickandtiredman.Thelittleceremonyhewasnowperformingwasto be'hislastofficialact,forChristendom wouldmournhisdeathinbutafew daystime.Yet,althoughtheholy Pontiffperhapsneverfullyrealised thesignificanceofthislastcommissionthathewastogiveanditsfarreachingconsequencesforgood,inactualfactithaslivedintheannualsof historyasperhapsthegreatestdecisioninaneventfulreign.Looking backoverthelastdifficultandanxious yearsofhispontificate,Celestine mightwellhavefeltathrillofconsolationintheknowledgethatunder Godhehadfinallydestroyedthetwo greatcancerousgrowthsthathadattackedtheChurch,thePelagianand Nestorianheresies.Butmoreconsol-

ingstillwasthememory,stillfresh,of theimperishablewreathofhonourrecentlydecreedtotheMotherofGod intheCouncilofEphesus.Thewhole ChurchwasstillrejoicinginthedefinitionofthedogmathatMarywasnot onlytheMotherofthehumanity'of Christ,butthatshewastheMotherof God.Itiswelltorememberthat,for thegreatCouncilhadpronouncedits decisiononlyafewmonthsbeforethis scenethatIwishtorecallforyou,and itisagainstthebackgroundofthis teachingconcerningtheMotherof God,thisteachingsofullofdogmatic truthandofdevotionalandmoralconsequence,thatthevenerablePontiff gavethis,hislastcommissiontothe Youngmankneelingbeforehim. StrangelyenoughCelestinehadpreviouslyrefusedthepermissionthathe nowsoconfidentlygranted.Andit wasthatthisverydeterminedyoung manshouldgotothelittleislelying offthecoastofBritain,andminister asBishoptothe"Scots(that,isthe Irish)believinginChrist."TheHoly Fatherbestowedontheyoungapostle manyrelicsandotherspiritualgifts, andfireflygavehimtheLatinname &f"PAlierciusor;;,Patritius,"nota's mhonorarytitle,tfutasforeshadowingthefruitfulnessdmeritofhis apostolatewherebyhebecame"pater civium"-thefatherofhispeople. Andsotheconversionofanationwas begun,begunbyagiantamongstthe SaintsoftheChurChwhobroughtto apaganpeoplethedepthandtherichnessofChristfragrantinitstelling withthesweetbreathofEphesus.And thebeautifuldeepdevotionofPatrick totheMotherofGodbecamesoingrainedintothereligiouscharacterof theIrishpeoplethatnotallthepersecutionandvicissitudesoffifteen hundredyearshavebeenabletodisfigureitorrobthemofit.

Manyatimeandoftyoumusthave listenedwhilstothershavetoldyouof thelifeofPatrick.Theywouldhave knownitbetterandwouldhavetold itbetterthanI,andIfeelitmore fittingofthisoccasionifinsteadthis morningIpaidagratefultributeto thememoryofagreatman,alovable man,rugged,determined,andaSaint. AndIamhappytobegiventhisopportunityofvoicingthesentiments thatmustrightlyfilltheheartsofmy owngenerationandoftheCatholic youthofAustralia.Forthefaith thatweareheirtoisthefaithofPatrick.ItistohimamongstallGod'sgreatestSaintswelookastoour FatherinChrist.Wehavelearntthe depthandtherichnessofChristas Patricksaw withtheIrish ofold,sotoowithusto-day,ourunderstandingoftheChristiansynthesis isthemorecompletebecauseofthe sweetaromaofEphesusthatpervades itstill.

AndinthisArchdioceseofPerthwe shouldfeeldoublygratefulforthi's beautifulIrishtraditonwhichcanbe tracedbackthroughthecenturiesto Patrickandthemonthshespentin Romeontheeveofhislife'smission. Forourdiocesehasbeenconsecrated totheMotherofGod;thisCathedral, too,hasbeenconsecratedtoher maculateConception;andthefuture apostolateofCatholicActioninwhich suchgreathopeisplacedisalsobringingChristonceagaintoHismembers, andabovealltoouryouth,throughdevotiontoMary.That,surely,ishow Patricktaughtthetruthsofourfaith! ThatmostcertainlyishowtheChurch wouldhaveusabsorbandunderstand them,sothatseengthemmore throughMary'seyesandlessthrough ourownwemaycomethebetterto understandandlivethem,

So,too,wecantruthfullysaythat Patrick'steachingisstillaliveto-day, thatitisstillhandeddownfromgenerationtogenerationoftheChurchin Australia.NotthatPatricktaught anythingbutthedoctrineofRome,for nineyearsafterthedeathofCelestine,PopeLeoapproved"Patrick,the Bishop,intheCatholicFaith,"and nosuccessorofSt.Leodowntoour presentHolyFatherhaseverseenfit toalterorsuppressthatconfirmation. But,theyouthofIreland,too,had everbeenPatrick'sconsolation.He wasfilledwithadmirationforthemultitudeofyoungmenandgirlswho passedthroughthecriticalyearsof adolescencewiththeirpurityofmind andbodyinviolate,andthenconsecratedtheiraffections,asmonksand nuns,toGod.AsIsay,itwasone ofthegreatApostle'smostprofound

consolationsbeforehiseyeswereclosedindeath.Andthespirithehimselfhadgiventhemsurvived,inspite ofthetraditionofmorallaxityinheritedfromthepaganpast.Ithas surviveduntilthisveryday,forstill wewelcomeasapostlesto.ourshores themoderncounterpartsofthosefirst youngneophytes,andtheystillbring withthemtheloveofpurityanddevotiontotheMotherofGodthatcharaeterisedtheyouthtowhomSt.Patrickhadtaughtthenewwayofthe Christianlife.

Norshouldouryouthto-day,and aboveallthoseengagedinCatholic Action,forgetthatotherdoctrineso consistentlytaughtbyPatrickand whichis,even1,500yearslater,theinspirationofCatholicAction-thedoctrinewhichteachesustoseeChristin everyoneandineverything.Yourecall,perhaps,howPatrickenshrined thatdoctrineinlinesthatallofus shouldknow;heissaidtohavecomposedtheminpreparationforhisvictoryoverPaganism.Hefirstbegs utGodandallcreatednaturetohelp himinhistremendoustaskandfinally hespeakstoChrist,hisLord: Christ,protectmeto-day, Againsteverypoison,againstburning, Againstdrowning,againstdeathwound,That Imayreceiveabundantreward.

Christwithme,Christbeforeme, Christbehindme,Christwithinme, Christbeneathme,Christaboveme, Christatmyright,Christatmyleft, Christinthefort,Christinthechariot seat, Christinthepoop, Christintheheartofeveryonewho thinksofme, Christinthemouthofeveryonewho speakstome, Christineveryeyethatseesme, Christineveryearthathearsme,

Thatisthefaiththatweareheir to!ThosewordsofPatrickmight wellhavecomefromthelipsorthe penofSaintPaulbeforehim,andI can'thelpthinkingthattheyhadmuch incommon.Atleastbothofthem hadthevisionoftheSaintswhich piercesthroughthewondrouspattern ofdoctrinesthatChristrevealedtoes, andseesinalltheirtremendousimplicationthosetruthswhichform,asit were,theveryheartofCatholicism. Bothofthemhadrealsedthetrue meaningofthatphrasethatwebandy aboutsomuch:seeingChristinour neighbour.

Andeversincethisgreat,loveable manpreachedtheloveofChristinour (ContinuedonBackCover,)

EnglandtoAustralia,Returnintwo\karst

Alady'saccountofthejourney100yearsago

ReflectionsonDevotiontoMaryand ConventLifeandtheEstablishedChurch

HorrorsoftheslavetradeatBahia

Thehistoryofourearlysettlersis fullofinterest;sowhensometimeago Icameonhalf-a-dozenoldJournals andDiariestellingofSwanRiverand VanDieman'sLand,Isettoreading themavidly.Thatlittlereadinghas ledtothefollowingaccountofone ofthem,MissJaneRoberts'"Two YearsatSea,"publishedinLondonin 1834.Soshortanarticlecannotdojusticetoherwork:still,itmaybeworth while;foritgivesavividpicture-or atleastavividsketch-oftwocolonieswhosehistoryisnotaswellknown asthatoftheEasternStates.

OtheraccountsofwhichIhavemade useare:Moore's"TenYearsinWestternAtistralia";Stokes's"Discoveries inAustralia";Hodgson's"ReminiscencesofAustralia";Ross's"Hobart TownAlmanack"and"VanDieman's LandAnnual"for1836;andvarious 'diariesandnotesinthe"Proceedings" oftheW.A.HistoricalSociety-amotleycollection.Myquotations,therefore,arenearlyallfromoriginalsources;thoughIhavemadenoattemptto fillindetailsorexpressajudgmentof theirvalue.

OFFTOSEA.

TheWansteadleftPortsmouthfor VanDieman'sLandinAugust,1829. Sheberthedagainin voyagelastingtwoyearsandthree days,havingtouchatMadiera,Bahia, theCapeofGoodHope,theNewSettlementoftheSwanRiver,andVan Dieman'sLand:returningthroughthe TorresStraits(whereshecutadrift inthenight)andtouchingatthe Half-wayIsland,Timor,Singapore, PuloPenang,thePedierCoast,theCar NicobarIslands,Rangoon(whereshe wentaground),Calcutta,Madras,and theIslandsofSt.HelenaandAscension."Howmanypassengersthe WanseadcarriedIdonotknow;all butoneofthemsheleftatSwan RiverorHobartTown,andthatone, MissJaneRoberts,wrotein1833the storyofhertravels:TwoYearsatSea: beingtheNarrativeofaVoyagetothe SwanRiverandVanDieman'sLand, duringtheYears1829,30,31.

Onthetitlepageshesetsaquotationfrom"TheTempest":"Thoughthe seasthreaten,theyaremerciful." That,ifyoulike,isthemotifofher story;though,sheprotests,"Asitis anywishtorendermyvolumeasuniversallyinterestingandpleasingaspossible,Ishallnotenterintoastatementofmyownfeelings. ."Indeed,sheassuresusthatbesides"all thedangersrelatedinthefollowing

work,"therewere"manyotherdeeper caresandsorrowspassedoverinsilence."Butletusfollowherstoryas shetellsit,fillingitouthereandthere withextractsfromothertravellers.

EnglandtotheCape.

Thepassengerscrowdaboardthe ship;notoneofourgreatliner's,but atinyvesselofperhaps400tons-of theshipsthatcametoHobartTown in1835,theheaviestwasaprison-ship, theMangles,595tons;andthelightestatraderfromMauritius,the77-ton Jess:mostwerewellunderthe400.

"Over-excitedincollectingandexpendingtheirpropertytothebestadvantageinendeavouringtoanticipateandprovideforeveryfuturecontingency;andintearingthemselves fromtheirhomes,connexions,and friends,(they)feel,asthevesselrecedesfromtheirnativeshore,helpless andalmosthopeless.Thecountrytheyleaverisesbeforetheminmeridian splendour,whilsttheonetowhichthey aregoingappearsenvelopedingloom anduncertainty,

"Thesefeelings,however,cannot lastlongTheattentionisrousedto ascertainwhythevesseldoesnot'scud beforethewind'assheoughttodo:or sicknessensues,whichgenerallyattackseventhestoutest-a that,fancywhisper's,nothingbut terrafirmacanassuage,sothatthe landofgloomagainseemstosmile, andinvoluntarilytheywishtheywere there."Landofgloomitwastobe formanyofthem,too;formasters andservantsalike-sothatmanyleft, goingfromSwanRivertoVanDieman'sLand,andfromVanDieman's LandtoNewSouthWalesor,later, PortPhilip,andmanyreturnedto theirnativecountry;andmanydied inhardshipfoundingthesenewest colonies.

MadieraWasthefirstportofcall,and thepassengerstookfulladvantageof thechancetogoashore,seventeen daysoutfromPortsmouth.They didn'tevenwaittohavebreakfaston board;buthastenedtoanhoteland ordered"teaandcoffee.withavariety ofcakesandbread,eggs,fish,andbeefsteaks;oranges,grapes,peachesand bananasItwasamusingtohearthe differentpastsengersexpresstheiropinionsoftheirfare,allagreeingtonote down,forthebenefitoffuturevisitors, thatthebeef-steakswerethetenderest andbestevereaten"-notlikesome thatearlydiggersintheWestgavein despairtoblackswhovisitedtheir camp'Thentheysetaboutseeing

PROPERTYMANAGEMENT

Over30years'experienceinpropertymanagementandrentcollectionenableusto offeryouexpertserviceinthisdirection. Wealsohaveextensivelistsofprivate homesavailable purchaseinallsuburbs. Reasonabletermsarrangedifrequired. VVecanofferyouspecialisedserviceinall branchesofRealEstate.

DUDLEY&DWYERLIMITED

SWORNVALUATORS. 98ST.GEORGE'STERRACE.

thesights,theladiesinpalanqeensand"delightedwiththeirnovelmode ofconveyance"-thegentlemenon horsesandmules.'MissRoberts thoughtthestatueofOurLadyin theshrineon"theMount"frightful (sheprintsitinitalics,too);butperhapsthatwaspartlybecauseshebelievedthateven"thewiseandthe goodoftheRomishfaith"hold"the falsedoctrineoftransferringto:he Virginthatwhichrelatesalonetothe Redeemer."

Memoryofthis,reinforcedbya"very disagreeable"journeyunderaburning sun,mayhavecolouredherreportof somenunsshevisitednextday"We werepreparingtodepart,whenthe eldestoftheSisters,puttingherface closetothegrating,asked,inan under-tone:'WhatnewsfromEngland ofDonMiguel?'Never,Ithink, werepeoplemoreastonishedthanwe athavingpoliticsthusstarted.

"Engagedaswehadbeenpreviously toleavingEngland,andnothaving y enapaper,wehadalmostforgottentheexistenceofDonMiguel; but,afteralittleconversation,weans.

,,r1thatDonnaMariahadbeen kindlyreceivedbyourmostgracious MonarchGeorgetheFoalth,andthat thepeopleofEnglandfeltassuredher Ministerswouldactforthebest,although,whenwesailed,theywerein ignorancewhichwaythatwouldbe lhenunsthenaskedseveralother question,alltendingtothesame point,talkedmuchandloud,andwe leftthem,thinkingtherewasanything butthatpeaceandquietwithinfor whichtheyclaimcredence."

Slavery,

Tendaysfairsailingbroughtthem toBahiaforsheepandcattle;and herethetravellershadtheirfirstexperienceofslavery."Severalblack servantsstoodaround,toassistinany necessaryarrangements. Afine lookingboy,fromhisawkwardshy manner,attractedourattention,when weweretoldhehadonlyjustarrived, andwas,therefore,unusedtothedutiesofhisplace.liehadbeenpurchasedforfivehundreddollars. Wesoonlookedonthemratheras happyandcontentedservantsthanas wretchedslaves.Isaythisinjustice toourhostandhostess(aDutchmerchantandhiswife),butnotatallin defenceofasysteminitselfradically wrong."

H.M.sloopBeaglewasafrequent calleratBahia.In1836,whenDarwinwasonhiswayhome,thetown was"inanythingbutasatisfactory condition:thewhitepopulationdividedamongtstthemselves,andtheslaves concertingbyonebloodyanddesperateblowtoachievetheirfreedom,"as CommanderStokeswritesinhisDiscoveries.Andhegivesapictureof theslaveships;of"thehorrorsofthe passage-horrorswhichnoimagination canheiuhten,nopenadequatelypourtray:Thepoorvictimsofcrueltyan'd fraudandavarice,intheirmostrepulsiveforms,arepackedawaybetweeh decksscarcelythreefeethigh,insmall vesselsof30or40tons,andthussituatedhavetoencounterthecoldand stormypassagearoundtheCape:the averagemortalityiiS,ofcourse,most frightful,butthesmallnessofthevesselsemployeddecreasestheriskofthe speculator'sinhumanflesh,whoconsiderthemselvesamplyrepaid,ifthey saveonelivingcargooutofeveryfive embarked! Itwouldswellthisportionoftheworktoanunreasonable extent,togiveanylengtheneddetails oftheworkingofasystem,about whichamonemyreadersnotwoopinionscanexist.Letitsufficetosay thattheEuropeansaregenerallybetterandlessexactingmastersthanthe Brazilians."

InthecoloniesofNewSouthWales andVanDieman'sLandthereswas anotherkindofslavery, TheChurch.

AstheWansteadsailedoutofthe magnificentbayourchroniclersadly records:"Thegreatestcomplaint amongthemerchantswasthehaving

noclergymanoftheEstablished ChurchofEnglandatBahia.So anxiousweretheyuponthesubject, thattheysaidtheywerewillingtosubscribesixhundredayear,toremunerateanyworthymanwhowouldreside amongstthem."Interestinglyenough, thereweretwoparsonsonboard:the Rev.J.B.Wittenoom,goingouttothe churchalreadybuildingforhimat Perth,underthedirectionofArchdeacontheVen.ThomasHobbesScott, whocametotheWestliterallybyaccident;andtheRev.RowlandR.Davies, B.A.,boundforVanDieman'sLand, whereinturnhebecamechaplainat Longfordatonly£250perannum), RuralDean,ArchdeaconofLaunceston(1850),andfinallyArchdeaconof Hobart(1854-1880).NorwasBahia theonlyplacewithoutclergy.ChristopherHodgsonhasleftinhisReminiscences"afew-wordsaboutour churchmanagement,inthewildbush especially.Ourdistrict(theDarling Downs,Ithink)wasfirstsettledupon in1840.Fromthatperioduptothe dateofmyleavingitin1845,aProtestantclergymanhadactuallyvisited usonce. NeversincehasaministeroftheChurchofEnglandbeen amongstus:andIdoubtifeverhe will,unlessitistofillhispocketsby persuasiveappeals.Itisatrulydisgracefulfact,thatthesleepydefenders andadvocatesofourfaithwilllook uponthezealouseffortsoftheirPapistantagonistswithoutfeelinganyof theirardour,orendeavouringtocounteracttheevilstheymaydisseminate.. IhavemetRomanCatholic priestsalloverthecountry;theyare alwaysonthewing-itinerantministers,Andthatisthestyleofperson wewant-agentleman,yetonewho wouldridefromstationtostation,an exampleofmorality,andapatientexpounderoftheWord."

TheCape.

Thisexcursionmustservetocarry usoverthefiveandahalfweekpassagetotheCape.Duringthistimea boydiedwhohadcomeaboardsick; another"fellfromtheriggingandhurt hishead,butnotseriously;anda Youngwoman,inthesteeragepartof theship,wasconfined,andlosther child.Shewasnewlymarried,and wasgoing,withherhusband,witha viewtosettleinVanDieman'sLand. Shewasnaturallythesubjectofmuch conversation.and,Iamsorrytosay, ofwhatmightbeconsideredill-naturedobservation.Shewassaidnotto careforthelossShehadsustained,and torecoverherillnesstoosoon.Peopleareapttodifferonthesamesubject;fortomesheappearedpainfully resigned,.herlooksseemingtosay, 'Mineisasorrowwithwhicha ,trangermeddlethnot.'Whichofthe twoopinionswascorrectnow'avails hernot,'for,onherarrivalatVan Dieman'sLand,shedied," ArrivedattheCape,thepassengers "allhastenedonshoretoprocurea temporaryhabitation. Aboardinghouse,keptbythewidowofaDutch merchant,wasgenerallyselected,and gavegreatsatisfaction" Herethey heardill-newsofthenew'settlement, TwoservantshiredattheCapehad broughtbackreportoffailureandstarvation."Thesetidingsnaturallyexcitedagreatsensationamongtheintendedsettlers;but,aftersomeconsideration,itwasdeemedwisetolistentonothingbutwhatthementhemselvesstated,andtogetthemtocome tothehoarding-housewhenmostofthe passengerswerepresent.Theyaccordinglymadetheirappearance,and, forawholeevening,underwentthe strictestexamination. Atlength theyweredismissed,andtheanxious inquirerslefttheroom,onebyone, withdismayandgloomdepictedon theircountenances.

"Itwasnottobesupposedthatany pleasurecouldbethoughtofatthe Capeafterthis;notevenasmallparty couldbeformedtovisitthefar-famed Constantia Aftereightdaysofextremecareandanxiety'weagainset (TobeContinued.)

Variousavocationsinlifehave beenhallowedbySaints

WhoisYourPatron?

Soldiers-ST.ADRIAN (September8,A.D.904). wasapaganofficerattheimperial courtatNicomediaintheopening yearsofthe4th.century.Movedby theconstancyof23Christiansunder torture,Adrianexclaimed:"Countme inwiththesemen,forIalsoama Christian."Afterhislimbshadbeen brokenandhishandsandfeetcut og,hediedamartyrofChrist.

Soldiers-ST.GEORGE (April3,4th.Century).

PubliclyproclaiminghisFaithin ordertoarrestapastasy.St.George underwentgreattorturesandwas miraculouslypreservedfromothers. -cwasfinallydecapitated.St. GeorgewasaChristianknight,butthe famouslegend'ofthedragonandthe princessdidnotemergedefinitely untilthe12th.century.

Soldiers-ST.SEBASTIAN (January20,A.D.288).

"1'h,Siintappearstohavejoined theArmy,notfrominclinationbutto enablehimtohelptheChristians.He iSsupposedtohavebeenpiercedby arrows,and,atlast,beatentodeath bycudgels.

Artillery-ST.BARBARA (December4,aboutA.D.235).

Verylittleisknownforcertainof thismartyr,someevendoubtingher existence.ButsheenjoyedanenormouspopularityintheMiddleAges, herpatronagebeinginvokedfora verywiderangeofinterests.

Infantry-ST.MAURICE (September22,aboutA.D.286).

AnofficeroftheThebanLegion,St. Mauriceandmanyofhissoldierssufferedmartyrdomratherthansacrifice topagangodsandundertakethemassacreofChristians.

Sailors-6T.PETERGONSALEZ (April14,A.D.1246), becameconfusedwithSt.Erasmus, andis-alsoinvokedbysailorsasSt. Elmo.Turnedfromworldlinessby ahumiliation,BlessedPeterbecamea DominicanandchaplaintoFerdinand IIIofLeonandCastille.AreformerofCourtmorality.healsopreached aCrusadeagainsttheMoors.Later he.devotedhistalentstothepoor andthepeasantsandwasparticularlydevotedtothewelfareofsailors. meninensummememenommuonsainsmousuentnimus

HangingCalendars for1944

Stronglymadeofsurfacedcardboard, picturewithCalendarunderpicture.

No.11307,Size7in.x41n. Varioussubjects,withordinary Calendar. 7d.each.

No.11318,Size9in.xSin.

SimiliPhotopicturewithCatholic CalendarshowingallFeastDays. 1/9each.

Otherlinesinstock.Pricesgladly sentonapplication.

CATHOLIC)POCKETCALENDARS. FOR1944.

Withbeautifulpicturesindelicate coloursonfront.CompleteCalendar showingFeastDayforeachdayof theyear,FastDays,HolidaysofObligation,andpagesformemos.Six differentsubjects;size24in.x44in. 6d.each-5/6perdozen.

Obtainablefrom PellegrinisiCo.Pty.Ltd. 776HAYSTREET,PERTH (Opp.CoyandGibson). rtnitaiatioups.itimmisimmicmoucommironimmi

Sailors-ST.EULALIA (December10,A.D.304).

Whenamerechild,thisSaintvoluntarilyconfessedtheFaithandsufferedacrueldeath.ThemostcelebratedvirginandmartyrofSpain, hertombismuchvisitedbyseamen beforestartingonavoyage.

Sailors-ST.WALARIC (April1,aboutA.D.822).

AmonkofLuxeuil,underSt.Columbanus,St.Walaricevangelisedthe PasdeCalaisandthewholeeastern shoreoftheEnglishChannel.He becameanabbotnotedforhisgentleness,andwasthefriendofbirds andanimals.ThisSaintwasspeciallyinvokedforafavourablewindby WilliamtheConquerorbeforesetting outforEnglandin1066.

PrisonersofWar-ST.LEONARD (Novembed6th.,VI.Century).

LittlewasknownofthisSaintuntil fourcenturiesafterhisdeath,butin the12th,centuryheenjoyedaremarkabledevotioninBavaria,northwestEuropeandEngland.

Painters-ST.CATHERINEOF BOLOGNA (March9,A.D.1463).

Afterbeingmaidofhonourtothe MarquiseofFerrara,Catherinepoined aCommunityofAugustinianNuns, wholaterbecamePoorClares.From barkerandnovice-mistressshebecame superioressoftheBolognahouse,Her visions,bothdivineanddiabolical, wereremarkable,especiallyoneof OurLadyandtheDivineChild.She wasnotedforherpowersofhealing lierintercessionforsinners.She hadsometalentasapainterandillustrater.Herbody,shrunkenand blackwithageandsittinginachair ispreservedtothisdayinBolana.

Hospitals,Innkeepers,Travellersand Boatmen-St.JuliantheHospitaller(February12).

Accordingtoanoldbutprobably fictitiouslegend,St.Julianslewhis ownparentsinerror,andbywayof penancebuiltahospicebyariver wherehecaredforthepoorandferriedtravellersacross.Manyhospitals wereandarededicatedtohim,and heisthepatronofinnkeepers,travellers,andboatmen.

Hunters-St.Hubert(November3, A.D.727).

Afterthedeathofhiswife,St. HubertreceivedHolyOrdersandwas eventuallyselectedasBishopofLiege, ofwhichcityheishonouredasthe founder. Azealousmissionary,St. HubertevangelisedintheforestofArdenne,whereheissaidtohavehad hismiraculousconversionfromsecular lifewhilehunting.Hencehebecame patronofthosewhohuntintheforest. TheSaintdiedin727,andhisfeast isobservedonNovember3. Bell-Founders-St.Agatha(February! 5,aboutA.D.251).

Verylittleisknownwithcertainty ofthelifeofthisSaint,butshereceivedthepalmofmartyrdomduring thepersecutionofDeciusaboutthe year251.Sheistraditonallysaidto havediedindefenceofherchastity, Sheisinvokedagainstvolcaniceruptionsandoutbreaksoffire,andispatronessofbell-founders.St.Agatha's feastdayiscelebratedonFebruary5. Lawyers-St.NoHerlory(May19, A.D.1303).

Thepatronoflawyers,St.IvoHeloryfollowedthatprofessionformany years,becomingwell-lovedforhisprotectionofthepoorandorphans,and theimpartialmannerinwhichheadministeredjustice.

In1824hewasordainedpriest,and hebuiltahospital,andtended-the sickwithhisownhands.Hepractisedmanymortifications,andwasin greatdemandasapreacher. HisfeastdayiscelebratedonMay 19.

Continued.)

Thingsyouhearabout -everyday

Dr.RumbleGivestheCatholicAngle

PARENTHOODISALVATION

Itisquiteobviousthateventhough herchildshouldbeinHell,agood motherwouldgotoHeaven.Otherwisewewouldhavetosaythatthe motherofeveryhumanbeinginhell isalsoinhell.Andasthatmother wouldbethechildofanothermother, hemotherwouldalsobelost.We wouldthushavetogobackthrough analmostinterminableseriesof"lost mothers."Andthatwouldbeabsurd. Eachindividualmustworkouthisown destiny.Howevergoodamothermay be,thesonordaughtercantakethe wrongroad,howeverunlikelyitmay seemthatsuchachoiceshouldbe made.Anditisthechild,notthe mother,whoisresponsiblefortheevil choice.

Weknowbyrevelationthat,ifaman goestohellhewillbemiserable;and thatifhismothergoestoheaven,she willbehappy.Thetwothingsmust becompatible.Afterall,Godisthe SupremeAuthorofourexistence.He ismoreinterestedinusthanany mother.YetHeisinfinitelyhappy despitethesufferingsowidespread eveninthisworld.Thosewhoattain heavenwillshareinHishappiness, andnosufferingsofotherselsewhere, eitherinthisworldorthenext,will beabletointerferewithit.

Astheconditionsofheavenwillbe quitedifferentfromthoseweknow onearth,theknowledgeweatpresent possessdoesnotenableustounderstandfullyhowthingswillbeadjustedthen.Igrantthatitisalmostimpossibleforustoimaginehowany mothercouldbehappyinheaven, wereherownchildtobemissingthere, ifshewerestillsubjecttoconditions askeknowthem.Butthatwillnot bethecase.Allmerelynaturallove willbeabsorbedintoone'ssupernaturalloveforGod,andthegoodnesswhichaloneHeloves.Andthat willmeanaverygreatchangeinoutlookbeyondourpresentcomprehension.

EVOLUTION

Matterandenergyareingredients usedinthestructureoftheuniverse justassteelandsteamcontributetowardstheexistenceofarunninglocomotivebuiltandcontrolledbyman, Theatheistmuststillfacethequestion:Whencecamethematterandenergy,andunderwhosecontroldid theyoperatetoproducethisparticularkindofuniverse.

Evolution,ofcourse,supposessomethingevolving.Toescapeadmitting thecreationofthatsomethingbyGod, and,therefore,theneedandexistence ofaGodatall,atheistshaverecourse totheassertionthatmatterandenergy arethemselveseternal.Butthatdoes nottouchthepoint.Evendidthe atheist,notmerelyassert,butprove, theeternityofmatterandenergy,he wouldheasfaroffaseverfromdemonstratingthatthereispoGod.For it'snotaquestionofhowlongmatter andenergyhaveexisted,butofthe sourceoftheirbeing.Aretheyselfsufficient,containingwithinthemselvesthereasonfortheirownexistence?We'vegottofindasufficient cause.Youcouldn'taccountfora runningtrainmerelybysaying"Itwas alwaysrunning."Thattheuniverse

isaself-madeandself-runningeternal machineisnotareasonablesupposition.Itsmanyandobviouslimitationsprecludethat.Theonlyreasonableconclusionisthatthereisasupremeextra-mundaneBeing,aboveand beyondlimitations,'whoisresponsible forthemakinganddirectionofthe machine,whetherHeexercisedHiscreativepowerseternally,orintime.That BeingwecallGod.

Noonedeniespartialevolutionwithinthesametypes.Butit's.afallacy toconcludefromparticularcasestoa universalfact.Majororuniversalevolutionisstilldeniabledespiteminor andlimitedevolutioninsuchparticularcasesashavebeennoted..

Itisnotdefinitelyknownthatnearlyeverythingelseinlifehasevolved intheabsolutesense.Thatthere havebeencertainprogressivedevelopmentsincertainlinesisadmittedby all,Butthatdoesnotjustifyjumpingtotheconclusionthateverything hasevolvedfromprimitivechaos, withouttheinterventionofaCreator. Yetitisthisabsoluteanduniversal evolutionthattheatheisthasto prove.Hecannotdoso,andhehas tofallbackonwishfulthinkingunworthyofanintelligentman.Science, certainly,affordshimnogroundsfor hisconclusion.Hehastoholda spontaneousgenerationoflifefrom non-livingsubstances,andamutation oftypes,againsttheweightofallscientificevidence.Andevenwereit provedthatmansbodyhadevolved, therewouldstillbehissoulandintelligenceandfreedomofwilltobeaccountedfor.Sciencedoesnotaffirm thatmanistheproductofblindevolution,andallitsfactstellratherin favourofcreationthanotherwise.By revelationweknowthattheuniverse didoriginatebycreation-adoctrine infullaccordwithsoundphilosophy. Andthehistoricalevidencesforthat revelationhavewithstoodallattempth tounderminethem.

TEMPTATION

Inconsideringthequestion,"Does Godtemptus?"itwouldcertainlybe wrongtoimaginethatOurLordwould positivelyarrangethatweshouldbe temptedtosin.Butthepetitionis notdirectedagainstthatpossibility. WhatweaskisthatGodwillsoprotect,andguide,andleadusthrough thislifethatwemayescapeasmany ofitstemptationsaspossible.Itis impossibletoavoidalltemptations. But,ifwearelefttoourselves,weare verylikelyinourimprudenceand follytotaketheverypathwhich'will leadusintomanymorethanweneed encounter.SoweaskGodtotake chargeofus,andleadusbyapath thatdoesnotrunheadlongintotemptations,butawayfromthem.Thus wearetaughttotrustinGodrather thaninourownresources.Now, thatcompletesmytreatmentofyour questions,andIconcludebywishing yousomedaythegiftoftheCatholic Faithwhichwillenableyoutotrust intheprovisionOurLor,dhasmade foryourguidanceintheCatholic Church,insteadofrelyingonyour owneffortstostrugglethroughthe difficultiesofScripturebyyourself, withtheconsequentmuddleofwhich youarealreadyaware.

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*TheCatholicAnswer

HowChrist'sCounselson PovertyareReconciledwithanExpensive .. WasCardinalNewmanan

ConfusionabouttheBlessedTrinity ThreeDivinePersonsbutOnlyOneGod

DecidingWhoisaCatholic ForthePurposeofMarriage

Protestant,Mt.Hawthorn: Q.:Ilistentoyoursessionandwish youtoanswerthisquestion:Ifyour fraternity,namelyFathersand Nuns,arecompelledtolivefrugally inacellorroomwithjustaplain habit(thisiswhatyoutellus),why isitthatyoucanaffordtheexpensivesession,ontheair,whenyou coulddothesameserviceinthecolumnsofyourpaper."TheRecord"?

DoyouthinkthatChristwouldpreferHisChurchtofeedandclothe hisapostlesfirst?

A.:Firstofall,yourefertotheCatholicclergyandreligious.Itisjust aswelltounderstandthatIhave neversaidALLofthemliveinacell inaplainhabit.CertainOrdersor Congregationsofreligiousmenand (womendo,butnotall.Thosewho haveembracedalifeofpovertyhave donesovoluntarily,andthereason whytheyhavefreelychosentolivea lifeofpovertyisthattheymaymore perfectlyimitatetheirDivineMatter whohadnotwhereontolayHis Head.Goddidnotcommandall mentopractisesuchpovertyasthis, hutIledidsaythatifwewouldbe perfectweshouldsellwhatwehave, givetothepoor,andfollowHim,And thosewhoseeknotmediocritybut perfectionintheCatholicChurch oftenbindthemselvesbyavowtoa lifeofpovertyandchastityandobedience.Buttheydosovoluntarily, andarenotcompelled,asyouSay,to livefrugallywithjustaplainhabit. Sorememberingthatveryimportant point,thereisnoreasoninyourquestion.Thefinancingofthissession hasnothingwhatsoevertodowiththe austeritiesgladlysufferedbyclergy andreligiousthattheworkoftheRedemptionmaybeextendedtoallmen. Ifyouwishtoknowhowitisthat thissessionisaffordedthenyouand IhavetothanktheCatholicbody genprally,whosecontributionsmake itscontinuancepossible.

YouaskifIdon'tthinkthatChrist wouldpreferHisChurchtofeedand clotheHisapostlesbeforesponsoring aregularradiobroadcastonCatholic teaching?Well,inviewofwhatI havejustsaidaboutHisapostlespreferringpovertytorichesandthereasonwhy,Ithinkyouwouldfindthat aGallupPollamongstallwhomyou considersobadlydonebywouldrevealthattheywouldfarrathersee Catholicdoctrinebroadcastthanthat THEYshouldbesuppliedinstead withallmod.con's.Theyremember Christ'srebuketoSatan:Notinbread alonedothmanlive,butinevery wordthatproceedsfromthemouth ofGod(Matt.IV.,4).Andinany case,asIsaid,itisnotamatterof

robbingPetertopayPaul.The"CatholicAnswer"isnotsponsoredby sweatingandstarvinganybody,and thosewhomyouimaginehavebeen victimisedwouldbethefirsttosupportthesefewobservationsthatI havemadeaproposofyourquestion.

Enquirer,Sixth-Avenue,Maylands:

QUnlessIammistaken,yourecentlydescribedMartinLutherasan apostatemonk.Would)youpay thatCardinalNewmanwasnotalso anapostate?Thiswordmeans, accordingtotheConciseOxford Dictionary,"oneguiltyofapostasy"-whichmeans"abandonment sofreligiousfaith,vows,principlesor Party."

A.:MartinLuther,asIsaid,was anapdstatemonk,whopubliclyrenouncedtheCatholicfaithandstarted theso-calledProtestantreform.He wasanapostatebothinthebroad popularmeaningofthetermandalso inthestricttheologicalsense.For theword"apostate"isusednowadaysnotonlyinthetraditionalChristiansenseofonewhohasdeserted thetruereligion,andespeciallyone whohasdonesoinbadfaith,butalso inamoregeneralsensetosignifyone whohasdesertedANYreligiousfaith orprinciples.Sothat,strictlyspeaking,andIshould'saycorrectlyspeaking,CardinalNewmanwasbyno meansanapostate.Toabandonerrorfortruth,ashedid,isnotapostasyinthetrueandcorrectsenseof theterm.ThatwasjustthedifferencebetweenNewmanandLuther. Oneactedtogoodfaith,theotherin badfaith.Anyonewhoisfamiliar withthehistoryofMartinLutherwill knowthathewasbornandbrought upaCatholic,andthathetookthe vowsofaCatholicpriestandmonkor friar.Beforehebrokeawayfrom theChurchhehadalreadyfailedin hisobligationsasapriest,anditis notunreasonabletosupposethatthe violentandindecenttiradesinwhich hegavehisreasonsforhischangeof religionwerebuttheexpressionofa mindconsciousofitsownbadfaith.

Ontheotherhand,ifanyonedoubts Newman'ssincerityorgoodfaithhe hasonlytoreadtheCardinal's"ApologiaproVitaSua"tohavehisdoubts setatrest.ItisuniversallyadmittedthatNewman'sbookisnotonly amasterpieceofprose,butoneofthe mostsincerebookseverwritteninthe Englishlanguage.

Aposthsyreallymeans,then,to abandonthetruth.CardinalNewman,ontheotherhand,recognised andembracedthetruthwhenhebecameamemberoftheCatholic

Church,whichwastheveryopposite ofapostasy.

AListener,EoyupBrook:

Q.:YousaidthatChristwasGod. Howcanthisbe,wheninMatthew 16,16,Petersaid,"ThouartChrist, theSonofthelivingGod"?Christ alsosaid,inverse17,"Forfleshand bloodhathnotrevealeditunto thee,butmyFatherwhichisin heaven."HereagainChristdidnot claimtobeHisownFather.I've alwaysbelievedthatChristwasalwaystheSonofthelivingGod.

A,:"YousaidthatChristwas God"-yes,I'vesaiditmanyatime, andIsayitagainnow:JesusChrist wasGodHimself,wholivedonthis earthforthirtyoddyearsasaman amongstus.Butyourdifficultyseems tolieinthepreciserelationbetween ChristandtheBlessedTrinity.Now, firstofall,inGodwebelievethere arethreedivinePersons,quitedistinctfromoneanother,eachofthem infiniteineveryway,andyetthese threePersonsarebutonebeing. ThereisonlyoneGod,butINGod therearethreedivinePersons:the firsttwecalltheFather,thesecond wecalltheSon,andthethird,the HolySpirit.TheFatherisGod,the SonisGod,andtheHolySpiritis God-eachofthemisGod.

ButwhenGodwantedtobecomea manamongstusonlyOneofthethree divinePersonscouldbecomeincarnate,forwehumanbeingshaveonly asinglepersonality.Anyhow,we knowfromwhatChristtolduswhen onearththatHewastheSECOND PersonoftheBlessedTrinity.ThereforeHeHimselfwasGod,equaltothe FirstPersonandtheThirdPerson tooinallthings.HemadeHimself equaltotheFatherandtheJews wantedtostoneHim,butHewas right-astheSecondofthethreedivinePersons,ortheSonofGod,He WASequaltotheFatherandHewas, therefore,Godjustasmuchasthe FatherwasGodandtheHolySpirit wasGod.Christwasthereforethe SecondofthethreedivinePersons, andHebecameincarnatewithahumanbodyandsouljustlikeours-in otherword'sHebecameaman,even totheextentofbeingconceivedmiraculouslyinawoman'swomband beingbornofherinjustthesame waythatwewereallbroughtintothis world.Hegrelwuptomanhoodand workedasavillagecarpenterfor al,utthirtyyearsIsupposeina placecalledNazareth,FinallyHe spentsometwoorthreeyearspreachinginPalestineandworkinginnumerablemiraclesuntilflefinallygave Iirnselftothepriestlycastewho hatedHim,andallowedthemtocrucifyHimoutsidethegatesofJerusalem.ButallthetimethisChrist Whomtheyhadsetouttotrapand crucifywasoneofthethreePersons oftheGodhead,HeWASGod,but theyrefusedtoadmitit.Theyknew jollywellwhatHemeantwhenHe saidHewastheSonofGod,thatas theSonofGodHewasequaltothe Father-thatiswhytheywantedto stoneHim.Yousee,tomakeyourselfequaltoGod,inotherwords,to claimthatyouwereGodHimself,was

RadioSession Apostate?

blasphemytotheJews,andthatwas whytheywantedtostoneChristto death,becauseHehadblasphemed whenHeclaimedthatastheSonof GodHewastheSecondPersonofthe BlessedTrinityandthereforeGod justasmuchastheFatherandthe HolySpiritwereGod.

Onemorepoint.ChristwasGod andmanatthesametime.SometimesHespokeasGodandsometimesasman.AsGodHewasequal totheFather,asmanHewasnot.As GodHecouldsay:IandtheFather areone,anditsaysintheGospelthat "theJewsthentookup'stonesto stoneHim."AsmanHecouldsay: TheFatherisgrEaterthanI But whereyouseemtobeconfusedisin thefactthattheSeconddivinePersonoftheGod-headiscalledtheSon ofGod,thereforewhenSt,Petersaid: "ThouareChrist,theSonofthelivingGod,'hemeant"ThouareChrist, theSecondPersonoftheTrinity,and thereforeThouartGodHimself,'and THATiswhyChristsaidtoHim, "Blessedartthou,Simon:because fleshandbloodbathnotrevealedit tothee,butmyFatherwhoisinheaven."Simon,orPeter,ashewas calledlater,couldneverhaverealised thatChristwasactuallyGodHimself unless,asChristsaid,HisFatherin heavenhadrevealedittoPeter.It wasanawfulbigactoffaithon Peter'spart,youknow,tolookat thatmanstandingthereinfrontof himandsay,"IbelieveyouareGod." Well,Ionlyhopethisexplanation hasbeenworththetimeIhavespent onit,andthatIhavemadethequestionofChrist's'divinityclear.I'm notsettingouttoprovethatChrist wasGod-youdidn'taskmeto-but hivetriedtoshowyoufromthe textsyouquotethatChristclaimed tobeGodandthatbothfriendsand enemiesunderstoodHimtomeanthatHeclaimedtobeGod,though naturallyastheSonHedidnotclaim tobeeithertheFatherORtheHoly Ghost! So-whatyousayistrueChristdidnotclaimtobeHisown Father,butHeclaimedtobeGod nevertheless.

AFool,Cottesloe:

Q.:IwasbaptisedinaCatholic Churchbutwasneverconfirmed.I marriedaProtestantinaRegistry Offiec,laterIdivorcedherforadultery.Ihavetakenitforgranted thatIamnolongeraCatholic.Was IeveraCatholic,andifsowhatis mypositionwiththeChurch?Could InowmarryaCatholic?

A.:I'mafraidwe'llhavetowade throughalotofifsandbutstogive youacompleteanswertoyourquestions,Tostartwith,youwerebaptisedinaCatholicchurch,butnever confirmed,butforthepurposeofansweringyourquestions,thefactthat youwerenotconfirmedmakesnodifferenceatall.I'llexplain,laterwhat Imeanbythat.Thefirstquestion toansweris,wereyoueveraCatholic?Well,whenconsideringtheobligationofCatholicstoreceivetheSacramentofMatrimonybeforeaCatholicpriestandtwowitnesses,thelaw thatgovernsthecaseisthis:(1)All (ContinuedonPage13.)

014 DEATHS 014

BRADY.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thereposeofthesoulofArthur GeorgeBrady,whodiedatKew,Victoria,onFebruary28,1944,loving husbandofSusan,fatherofStella (Mrs.L.Gibbons,Guildford),Dr. WilfredBrady(Kew);brotherof Prances(Mrs.F.M.Campbell),Vincent(deceased),andSisterMary Dominic(VictoriaPark).

MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

PARKER.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thereposeofthesoulofHerbertStilwell(Bert)Parker,whodiedon March13,1944,lovedbrotherofG. J.Parker,brother-in-lawofMrs. Bogue(Kellerberrin)andMiss-Kinsella(Armadale).

MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

Mayherestinpeace.

014 INMEMORIAM 44

CLARK,MaryTeresa-Infondax lovingmemoryofourdearwifeand mother,whodepartedthislifeon March23,1942.

Sweet,Jesus,havemercyonher dearsoul.

-Insertedbyherlovinghusband, Matt.Clarke,Jennacubbine.

CONDON.-Sacredtothememoryof StephenCondon,whodiedonMarch 28,1939.

SweetJesus,havemercyonhissoul.

-Insertedbyhislovingwifeand daughters.

CROSSETT.-Ofyourcharitypray forthereposeofthesoulofJames Crossett,whodiedMarch20,1938.

MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

-Insertedbyhislovingwife.

FLYNN-Inlovingmemoryofmy dearsonandourbrother,Edmund, whopassedawayMarch25,1941.

OurLadyofPerpetualSuccour,pray forhim.

-Insertedbyhislovingmother,sistersandbrothers.

FLYNN.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearhusbandandfather,whopassed awayMarch25,1941.

Eternalrestgiveuntohim,0Lord. Mayherestinpeace.Amen.

Everrememberedbyhiswifeand family,OsbornePark.

MULCAHY,ThomasJ.-Whodiedon March27,1938.

MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

-Insertedbyhislovingwifeand family.

S.BEECROFTButchel

181RokebyRoad,Subiaco.

DnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSolo losPhoneW1373

OODFELLOWS'HOTEL SOUTHTERRACE,FREMANTLE. BESTBRANDSSTOCKED. NewlyFurnishedThroughout. ALLWELCOME. J.G.MULCAHY,Proprietor.

PERTHFISHERIES

489WELLINGTONST.,PERTH FISHANDPOULTRYSUPPLIED. WholesaleandRetail. Phone:B5992. CityDeliveries. CountryOrdersCateredFor.

M1158 Telephones-L1460

Catholic Girls'Movement

HEADQUARTERSANDCLUB

ROOMS:

BankofNS.W.Chambers,66St. George'sTerrace(nearSherwood Court)-Rooms:7-10FirstFloor.

CALENDAROFACTIVITIES.

MASS:8a.m.Exposition.Benediction5.45p.m.,Thursday.

SHORTHAND:MondayandFriday, 5.15-6.20p.m.;TuesdayandFriday, 7-8p.m.

E,S.C.:8p.m.,Monday.

DANCE:WinnieWright's,Wednesdays,8p.m.

NURSES'PRAESIDIUM:8.p.m., Tuesday.

CHOIR:8p.m.,Thursday.

ORCHESTRA:Friday,8p.m.

BRAILLE:Wednesday,8p.m.

LITURGY:Monday,8p.m.

DRESSMAKING:Wednesdays,7-9.30 p.m.

DANCINGCLASS:Monday,inCathedralHall,at8p.m.

PICNICAFTERNOON.

Amostenjoyableafternoonforboth thegirlsoftheC.G.M.andthechildren fromSt.Joseph'sOrphanagewasspent onSunday,March19, Thekiddies weretheguestsofthemembersofthe Movement,whohadagreattimeorganisinggames,pushingswingsand see-saws,andgenerallyhelpingto makethingsasuccess.Afternoontea andcooldrinksweredistributed,amt itwasaveryhappycrowdthateventuallygotbacktotheOrphanage about5p.m.Mr.Paterson,onbehalf oftheSisters,thankedthegirlsfor contributingtothehappinessofthe children,andwe,inturn,wouldlike toconveyourthankstoMr.Patersor andtheothermenwhocamealongand helped,

BASKETBALLPRACTISE.

Thefirstcombinedpractiseforthe newseasonwilltakeplaceatHighgate courtsonSaturday,April1st.,at2p.m. sharp.

Asthegradingwillbefinalisedat thispractise,itisessentialthatevery girlinterestedinthisactivityshould attend.Ifthereisanyonewhose namehasnotbeenputonthislistand :whowishestoplaythisseason,would theypleasecometothispractise,as nonewnameswillbeacceptedafter thisdate,

CANTEENDATES.

C.G.M.Group.

PhyllisDean:Thursday,March30.

Undernocircumstanceswillagirlbe admittedwithoutabadge.Wewish toremindallmemberstoattendat7 p.m,sharp.

RIVERTRIP.

UnitedbusesleavePerth(nearlyoppositeKing-street'.Allbusesmarked "M,""J,"or"W,"pastClaremont Jetty,fromwhichtheboatleavesat 8p.m.

TimetableofbusesleavingPerth: 6.30p.m.,6.40p.m.,6.50p.m.,7p.m., 7.15p.m.,7.25p.m.,7.35p.m.

TheboatreturnstoClaremontJetty at11p.m.sharp.TheUnitedBusservicehaskindlyarrangedforaspecial bus,"thedouble-decker,"tomeetthe boatat11p.m.,anditproceeds straightthroughtoPerth.

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

TennisAfternoon.

Thisusualmonthlytennisafternoon willbeheldonSunday,March26,at RobertsonPark.Therearestillmany oftheoldmemberswehavenotseen alongthereyet.Sowearehoping youwillmakeeveryeffortandcome along.

Manualilleetiug.

The17th.annualmeetingoftheAssociation(washeldintheAssociation RoomsonFriday,March3.There wasanexcellentattendance,andfrom thediscussionswhichtookplacethe membersshowedthattheywerevery keentokeeptheaffairsoftheAssociationgoing,andwearethereforelookingforwardtoaveryactiveandsuccessfulyear.Lastyear'sannualreportandfinancialstatementsdisclosed thattheAssociationhadhadafavourableyearandthateverythingpossible hadbeendone,andwasstillbeing done,tokeeptheclubsandmembers together.untilsuchtimeasweare againbacktothenormalactivities.

ThePresidenturgedallthemembers presenttodoalltheypossiblycould tokeeptheirclubsactive,because,he said,thatthemembersofthevarious clubsrwhoareservingintheForces wouldcomebackandexpect'tofind theclubstillfunctioning,andhefelt sure,therefore,thatthemembers woulddoalltheypossiblycouldto helpinthismatter.

Theelectionofoffice-bearersresulted asfollows:Patron,HisGraceArchbishopPrendiville;president,Mr.A.E. Heagney(unopposed);vice-presidents, SenatorD.TangneyandMr.L.McGovern;secretary,Mr.J.W.Wall(unopposed);treasurer,Mr.P.Reilly(unopposed);auditors,MissMcCorryand Mr.W.Waltho(unopposed).

Followingthemeetingasocialwas held,duringwhichsupperwasserved. Allmemberspresentagreedthatitwag amostenjoyableandsuccessfulevening.Thesuccess of 'theeveningisduetothosetwoyoung ladiesoforganisingandcateringfame, MissesSlatteryandArnold.Weextendoursincerethanksandappreciationtoboth,andhopetheywillcontinuewiththegoodwork.

Personal, WeextendtoMr.OwenHanlon,of St.Anthony'sClub,MidlandJunction, ourbestwishesandhopethathewill besuccessfulinthecomingelectionfor theSwanseatintheStateParliament. Goodluck,Owen!

Iheardduringtheweekofthe deathofMr.jackClarke,ofSouthAustralia.Jackwasakeenworkerfor CatholictennisinSouthAustralia,and willnodoubtberememberedbymany oftheCarnivalplayersinthisState, ashewasaprominentfigureinallInterstateCarnivals.Tohisrelatives andfriendsweextendourdeepestsympathy.R.I.P.

BONDSBACKOURBOYSMakeanadvancesubscriptiontothe FirstVictoryLoan.

SubiacoCatholic Boys'Club

Lastweekthenamesofthoseboys whoweresuccessfulintheathletic championshipswerementioned.On Saturdaylastsomeofthoseboysgainedfurtherlaurelsforthemselves,and thedubcongratulatesthemheartily.

Atthesametimeitwouldbewrong topassbythosewhoalsoran,butdid notgainaprize.Thesedidtheir bestandtheclubisproudofthemtoo, Perhapsfirstamongtheseladswas W.Hodge.Duringtheseasonheturned16,buthewouldnotbebeatenby abirthday!Runningnowinthe under19section,hesecuredthirdplace inthe100yardschampionship.Well done,Bill!

AnotherladwhotriedwasP.Hiekey.DuringthecompetitionsPat Securedseveralplacesfortheclub.His runninghasimprovedgreatlyand greatthingsareexpectedfromhimin futureyears.

Intheunder14section,RonGreene gaveseveralgoodperformances,and thenhisbirthdayintervenedandspoiledeverything,.M.Weeks,alsodid someverygoodrunning,butwasdebarredonSaturday.Itwashisfourteenthbirthday,and,althoughhe pleadedthathewasnot14untileight o'clockatnight,thecasewasgiven againsthim.Fewcanrememberthe exacthouroftheirbirth,but,who knows,Mervynmight!

TheexcellentrunningofRonJeffries mustberememberedalso.Andthose variousboyswhowentoutandtook partinthefieldeventswithlittle hopeofwinningdidtheirbestforthe sakeofthecompetitions.

OnSaturdaylastJ.Carmodyadded the220yardschampionshiptohislist, whileperhapsthebestperformanceof thedaywasgivenbyRayGreen,who ranthe880yards,under19,inatime thatwasone-tenthofasecondslower thantheStaterecord.

Finally,theclubwouldliketothank allthoseofficialsandrepresentativesof theSportsAssociationwhoorganised andconductedtheSaturdaymeetings soefficiently.Theirswasnoeasy taskandtheydidit'verywell.

Tennis.

Theinter-clubtenniscompetitions wereheldatRobinsonParkonSunday last.Bothcompetitorsandspectators enjoyedtheafternoonthoroughly.SubiacoCatholicBoyswerethewinners andNorthernSuburbsweresecond.

Cricket.

Thecricketseasonhascometoan endforthecricketteam.Theydid notreachthefour,buttheyplayed manyenjoyablegames.CongratulationstotheteamandespeciallytoJ. Hodge,thecaptain.

WANTED.

Farm:Capablewoman(over45) wanted,tocookonlyforadultfamily, 8,7men;modernhome;allconveniences.ReplyBox57,Kulin.

Allgirlswhohaystheirnames downonthelistareaskedtocallinat theClubRoomsfortheirticketbefore Wednesday,March22.Anytickets uncalledorunpaidforbytheabove datewillbehandedtogirlswhose namesareonthewaitinglist.

Bringyourownsupperandcool drinkswillbesoldonboardat3d.per glass.

ForInformationregardingtheCatholicGirls'Movement,kindlyringB4836, orcallinattheClubRoomsanyweek

Wednesday,March22,

OnTuesday,February2,themarriageofIrene(Girlie),onlydaughter oftheHon.andMrs.J.JKenneaily, ofMt.Lawley.toSapperFrankRyan sonofthelateJ.J.andMrs. Ryan,Nedlands,tookplacewithNuptialMassattheSacredHeartChurch, HighgateHill.VeryRevFather Wallace,Adm.,officiated.

TheSistersoftheSacredHeartConventdecoratedthealtarandsanctuaryfortheoccasion,thebride.being aformerpupiloftheirs,andthesalmonpinkgladioliarrangedincrossed swordseffectwasathoughtfultribute tothebridegroom,atpresenthomeon leavefromNewGuinea.

MissEileenKenneally,cousinofthe bride,renderedappropriateviolinselections,andMissMaryBuggysangan AveMariainthecourseofthecelemony,theircombinedtalentadding muchtothereverenceofthesceneThedark-haired,petitebridelooked charminglygirlishassheenteredthe churchwithherfather.Herbeautifulmodelgownofcreperoubaixwith flaredskirtwasadornedwithinsetsof marquisetteinivyleafpatternonthe sleeves,train,andcorsageofthetightlyfittingbodice.Shecarriedawhite missal,thegiftoftheChristianBrothers,andamother-of-pearlrosary beads,thegiftofanotherintimate friend..HergracefulveilofEnglish netandoldlacewasembroideredwith bridalemblemsandwithitwasworn ahighcoronetoforangeblossombothbeingtokenofesteemfromthe SistersoftheGoodShepherd.Asatin horse-shoeandtrailoftuberrosesand frangipanicompletedhertoilette.

Thematronofhonour.Mrs.Allan Jones,andthebridesmoid,MissMary Ryan(sisterofthebridegroom)made

acharmingpictureinsmilargofvnsof Madonnablue,withshorttulleveilsand coronetsofthesamedelicateshade, andsilvershoes.

Sig.NormanDavenport,whohad journeyelwiththebridegroomfrom NewGuinea,wasbestman,andthe dutiesofgroomsmanfelltoPt.Jack Ryan,oftheR.A.A.F.(brotherofthe bridegroom-.

Theearlymorningsunbeamsshining daM-nonthebridalparty,allofwhom wenttoHolyCommunion,seemedto giveatouchoflightandglorytothe dignityoftheceremony,andinthe peaceofGod'sholysanctuarytherecentexperiencesofjunglewarfare musthaveseemedaremoteadyenture tothesoldierspresent.

Andwhatofthethoughtsofthe brideandherparents?Itwasin thischerishedchurchthatIrenehad beenbaptisedbythatinimitablesoggartharoon,FatherTomCrowley. FromhispriestlyhandsshehadreceivedherFirstHolyCommunion,and, here,too,shehadbeenconfirmed. Yes!surelythesethoughtswerepresenttothethree,andwerenotadistraction,butasilentpreludetoa tripleprayerforthecontinuedwellbeingoftheonewhosenamewillbe eternallylinkedwiththeparishof HighgateHill.To-dayinthissame churchthelittlebrideiskneelingto receiveherfirthSacrament,andonher bridegroomalsothatgraceisbeing conferred. Asolemn,sweetand weightygracetowhichareattached sacredobligationswhichwilllasta lifetime,but,withtheblessingof theirownNuptialMasstheyfacethe futuretogether,sereneintheconfidencethattheirmarriagehasbeenratifiedinheaven. Smallwonderthat'attheconclusion ofthisspiritualfeastmanynon-CatholicandJewishguestspresentatsuch forthefirsttime,pressedforwardto expresstothehappyparticipants theiredifiedastonishmentofthe beautyofthatmorning'sceremony, andtovoicetheirnewlyformedopinionthattheChurchandnottheregis.

Exposition intheCity

expositionoftheBlessedSacrament isheldeveryThursdayintheChapel oftheCatholicGirls'Movement,Bank ofN.S.W.Chambers,65St.aeorge's Terrace,nexttoWarwickRouse.A oordialinvitationisextendedtothe Catholicpeoplegenerallytopaya visitduringtheday.ltxpositioncommencesafterMauat8o'clock,and concludeswithBenedictionofthe BlessedSacramentat6.46p.m.Those desiringtodosomayplatetheir namesontherosteroutsidetheChapel

tryofficeistheonlyrightplacefora wedding.

AreceptionwaslaterheldatStirling Hall,!whereMrs.Kenneallyreceived herguests,robedinagownofnavy bluecrepedechene,embroideredwith crimsontrimmings,andfinishedwith ashouldersprayofthesametoning.

Mrs.Ryan(motherofthebridegroom)woreacostumeofthesame shadeandmaterialwithautumntrimmingsandshotilderspray.Manycongratulatorytelegramswereread, among'thembeingonefromPrivate JimKenneally(twinbrotherofthe bride)andSergeantKevinRyan(brotherofthebridegtoom),bothofwhom areabsent'withourForces Atele gramwasalsoreceivedfromthePrime Minister,whoisaclosefriendofthe bride'sfamily,andthehappycouple weretherecipientsofmanyvaluable chequesandpresents.

Thehoneymoonwasspentinthe South-West,thebride'stravellingensemblebeingofpowderbluecrepe. withhatofblackEgyptianstrawand blackaccessories

jMLSS,rUANITA(NITA)AQUILARCUNNINGHAM, ofMaddington,recentlyenteredthe PerthHospital,tocommenceherstudiesinthenursingprofession.In adoptingthisnobleprofession,Nitais followinginthefootstepsofher mother,(whoalsotrainedatthePerth Hospital,andwhoisatpresent'doing herbitinthewareffortbydoingfulltimedutyattheEdwardMillenHome atVictoriaPark.AllNitaismany friendsintheparishwishherevery successinherchosenprofession.

MEXICANPRIESTSTOLDTO WID.

ABilltomakemarriageobligatory forallpriestsandotherministershas beentabledintheMexicanSenate.It hasbeenproposedbytheSocialistbloc oftheStateofYucatanasanamendmenttotheFederalConstitution.

Similarlawswerepassedinthe StatesofTabasco,in1924,andPuebla, in1934. Manypriestswerefinedor imprisonedforrefusingtoobey,and theBishopofTabasco,MostRev,Dr. Dias,S.J.,wasorderedtomarryifhe wishedtoreturnfromexile.

*InfiniteProofsofGod'sFriendshipforMankind

TheIncarnationAloneShouldLeaveUsSpeechlesswithWonder

StrivingforaStrong PersonalAttachment toChrist.

ContinuinghisspecialcourseofLentensermonsinSt.Mary'sCathedral onSundayevening,Rev.FatherBreslin,O.M.I.,preachedon"Jesus,Our Friend."Takingashistext,"You aremyfriendsifyoudothethings thatIcommandyou''(JohnXV.,IC,. FatherBreslinsaid:`

SaintsandsagessayLife)'schoicest blessingisthepossessionofatrue friend.Heisararetreasure;a strongdefence;morepreciousthan wealth,thefavourofkingsorthe plauditsofthecrowd.Heisendlesslyunderstanding,yetnevercomplacentwithourfollies.Onewhoknows ourweaknessesandlovesusinspite ofthem.Theessenceoffriendship seemstobeentireness,atotalmagnanimityandtrust.Heisasecond self.Theysaynopainsshouldbe sparedtopreservehim:thatheshould begrappledtooursoulwithhoops,of steel.Sincerityseemstobethetest ofallenduringfriendship.Sacred Scripturewarnsusagainstfalse friends;nottocalleverychanceacquaintancebythesweetnameof friend.Fromthehighstandarddemanded,itappearsobviousthata shallowcharacterisincapableofbeing afriend.Onemustnecessarilybe loyal,understandingandunselfish.A truefriendwillnevertakeadvantage ofus;neverinterferewithourduties; neverdousbodilyorspiritualharm. Lovetendstounion,sohewillseek ourcompanyandwewillbefreeand unconstrainedwithhim.

InourDivineRedeemerwehavea faithfulfriend.SeewhatHehas doneforus.FreelyHecamedown fromHeaven,wasborninpovertyand livedahard,laboriouslife.FTomthe wind-sweptstableofBethlehemtothe heightsofCalvarywasalongrugged road.Itwascheerfully,gladlyenduredforsheerloveofus.Earthly friendsoftengiveuscreditforgood pointstheythinkwepossess.Ifour admirerssawu'saswereallyare,how disillusionedtheywouldbe!Jesus seesusaswereallyare:'ourmeanness, pettiness,oursins,andfrailties;our prideandbrokenpromises.Inspite ofallHelovesus.He,theOmnipotentGod,lovesustothepointoffolly. MenhavebuttogazeupontheCrucifixandseethemangledlifelessbody oftheIncarnateGod.Thereisproof sufficienttoconvince.Andrecallthe !scourging,themercilesstearingofthe flesh,thefoulspittle,theblowsofthe mailedfist,theeviltriumphofsinful sensualmen,theburningthirst.It showsalove,adepthofaffectionso east,soundeservingthatitunnerves

OnedropofHisPreciousBlood wouldhaveredeemedthesinsofa thousandworlds-Hesufferedevery possibleagony-shedeverydrop,emptiedHisveinstoshowus,toprove beyondcaviltoman'spurblindweak intellectthatGod'slovewasafactno onecouldpossiblydeny.TheIncarnationitself,apartfromthesufferings ofCalvary,leavesusspeechlesswith wonder.WemarvelwithCrashaiw:

"ThatthegreatAngelblindinglight shouldshrink Hisblaze,toshineinapoor'shepherd'seye

ThattheunmeasuredGodsolow shouldsink

AsPrisonerinafewpoorragstolie.

ThatfromHisMother'sbreastHe milkshoulddrink, Who-feedswithnectarHeaven'sfair family.

ThatavilemangerHislowbedshould rove

Whoinathroneofstars,thunders above.

ThatHeWhomtheSunservesshould faintlypeep Throughcloudsofinfantflesh:that Hetheold EternalWordshouldbeachildand weep, ThatHeWhomadethefireshouldfeel thecold; ThatHeaven'shighmajestyHiscourt shouldkeep

Inaclaycottage,byeachblastcontrolled Thatglory'sselfshouldserveour griefsandfears

AndFreeEternitysubmittoyears."

WerecallhowJesushasgivenIts healthofbody,talents,thelovingcare ofparents,humanfriends.Every joyweeverhadinlife,everythingthat makeslifeworthliving,hascomefrom Him.WithlavishprodigalityHehas enrichedourpilgrimagewiththings ofbeauty.Fromthemomentwe cameintotheworldwhichshould,as befittedaplaceofexilehavebeen bleak,wehavebeensurroundedbylovingcare,affectionandsympathy.In preferencetomillionsHecalledusinto HisOneTrueChurch,helpedbythe SacramentswebecomechildrenofGod, participatorsintheDivineNature. Whentheangelssinnedtheywerecast outofHeaven.Theynevergota secondchance.Jesusneverwearies oftakingusbackafterwebetrayHim, HegaveusachanceofsharingHis homeinHeaven;HegaveusMary, HisImmaculateMother,tobeour Motheralso.HegaveusHisown bodyandbloodtobeourdailyfood. CouldevenGoddomorethanthis? NowonderforSt.ThomasAquinasto saythatonewouldimagineGodwas ManandmanwasGod,Hehasdone somuchtoserveHiscreatureandwin hisaffection.

JesuswantsustobeHisfriends. "Ihavenotcalledyouservants-but friends.'Heloveseachofusasif therewerenonebesides.Hisloveis infinite-beyondhumanunderstanding.Hedoesn'tloveusinageneral way-asoneinacrowd.Human loveisboundtoweakenandloseits intensitywhenspreadoveramultitude,ButsinceJesusisGod,He loveseachwithaninfinitepersonal love.Justasnonumberofpeopleenjoyingthehealth-givingraysofthe sun,needbeafraidoflesseningits heatoritseffectonothers.Eachone hasthefullbenefitofthesunbath.So eachoneofusisregardedasanindividualandgivenfullindividualattention.Hewantseachoneofus.Each ofuscandosomethingforHimthat noothercando.

Natureabhorsavacuum.Wemust lovesomething.Wecravetoopen ourheartunreservedlytoasympatheticunderstandingfriendwhowill makeunfailingallowanceforus.Can wefindanyonemoredeservingofour friendshipthatOurSaviour?Human lovesarefromHim.Everygiftwe possessweowetoHim.Heshould comefirstandforemostinourlives. Heisthebestoffriends.Loyaland truetotheend.Thebestofhuman friendshipsmaygrowcool.Thedevelopmentofcharacterondiverging lines;newandengrossinginterests, thedividingseas,thesunderingyears mayberesponsible.Absencedoesn't alwaysmaketheheartgrowfonder.

OncemoreinChristwehavea friendonwhoseundyingfidelitywe cancounttotheend.Humanfriend. shipsfailalwaysinthis.Ourfriend isanunstablehumanbeing,There

isalwaysthepossibilitythathewill ceasetoregardusashedoesnow. Anyfwayheismortalandsomedayhe mistpartfromus,andwefromhim. DeathwillbreakthebondsoffriendshipAtleastwhereearthi4concerned.Jesuswillneverforstaceus unlesswefirstforsakeHim.Andin ourdyingmoments-inthatlastgreat struggle,Hewillbetheretoaidand strengthenus.Thebestofhuman friendswillstandhelplesslyby,but Hetwillbetheretotheendandbeyond,

IfwewishtohavethesupremeconsolationofhavingJesusforour FriendwemustfirstofallknowHim. Wecannotlovewhatwedonotknow. ToreadalifeofOurDivineLordby oneofthestandardauthor'sisthepreliminarystep.TostudytheGospels. Hehasthisuniquedistinctionthatto knowHimistoloveHim.Menof everyage,everyrace,havebeenunable towithstandHismagneticpersonality. KnowledgeofHimwasthesurestep tolife-longallegiance.

Thelatewell-knownIrishauthor, CanonSheehan,wroteasfollows:"St. Alphonsusemployedbyfarthebest antidoteagainstirreligioninapersonal loveforJesusChrist-thesamelove thatarmedinnocentvirginsinRorne againsttheargumentsofphilosophers andthefiercerargumentsofthefire andthebeast-thesamelovethat touchedtheheartofSt.Paulandmade himeloquentbeforetheGreeksat Athens-thesamelovethatinevery ageismorethanamatchforsubtlety ofargumentandcharmofeloquence onthelipswhentheheartiscoldand silent.And,therefore,St.Alphonsus, withhisowngreatwisdom,interpretingrightlythewordsofJesusChrist: "Icametocastfireupontheearth andwhatwillIbutthatitbekindled." strove,firstofall,tocreateinhisown soulapassionateloveforHisDivine Master,thenthatlovehewouldcommunicatetohisbrethrenintheorder heestablished,thenitwouldflowfreelyonsoulsthatwouldquickenintolife underitsblessedinfluence;andheenshrinedthatgreatpassionofhislife intwolittleworksthatwillbereadin thechurchesofFrancelongafterthe fiendishworksofVoltaireareforgotten:"TheVisitstotheBlessedSacrament"andthe"LoveofOurLord

JesusChrist."Andalthoughwhen writingagainstDeistsandMaterialists heshowedwonderfullearningand greatreasoningpower,yet,asIhave said,hepreferredtomeetthisevilby increasingtheloveofJesusChrist." AstrongpersonalaffectionforOur DivineMasterissomethingeasytoattain.YetwhatatremendousdifferenceitmakesinthelifeofaCatholic. "Love,"saysthe"ImitationofChrist," isnotweigheddownbytheweightit carries,butmakesallthatisbittersweetanddaintytothetaste."Or, asSt.Augustineputsit:"Wherethere islovethereisnolabour;orifthere belabourthenthelabouritselfisloved."Yes,ifwecouldrealisewhat loveofChristcoulddoforus,how easyandsweettosanctifyourselves, howattractivethestruggleagainstour passionswouldactuallybecome.If wereallyanddeeplylovedHimwe wouldstrivetobelikeHimineverything:tobepurebecauseHewaspure andhadaspecialloveforHolyPurity. Tobekind,forgivingbecauseHewas so.TohaveHisattitudetowards life;Hisoutlookoneverything.ImpressonyourmindsthatJesusnot onlyallowsustoenterHeaven,but wantsustogothere;thatHishuman heartfeels,loves,yearnsforus.He hasbuttobeknownandHemustbe loved.Godcamedownpurposely fromHeaventoattractanddrawus. Hecannotfailtodoso.Godmust haveadoptedthemostperfectmeans fortheaccomplishmentofHisplan; fortheexecutionofHiswishes.So justgettoknowtheGod-manonce andyouwillbeHisforevermore, "TheMasterissofair, Hissmilesosweettofallenmen, ThatthosewhomeetHimunaware Canneverestonearthagain."

WeshowourloveforChristby obeyingHisCommandments."You aremyfriendsifyoudothethingsI havecommandedyou.""Hethat lovesmekeepsmyCommandments." Thatistheacidtest.Ifwewould havetheSonofGodforourfriendwe muststrivemanfullyandperseveringly tokeepHisholylaw.Andwenotice

(ContinuedonPage11.)

WANTEDTOBUY:Stoves,Wood, Gas;PlainandOldRoofIron,Coppers, Heaters.BestPrices.RingB6307.

ThreeAspectsofWar

Morality

IntheearlymonthsofthewarwhenFrancehadcollapsedand theterriGleblitzwhichRotterdamhadexperiencedwasextended toLondonandotherEnglishcities,therewerepeopleenough tocomplainbitterlyabouttheGermanpracticeof"totalwar"and tocondemnroundlythemoralityofindiscriminatelybombing civiliansandnon-militaryobjectives.Butnowthatthefortunes ofwarhavechangedandthetideofsuccessisrunningslowlybut surelyintheAllies'favour,onescarcelyhearsamurmurabout theterrificmassedairattacksonGermanandItaliancities.Or,if onedoes,itisinaratherapprovingvein."They'reonlygetting whattheygaveus."Thisisoneindicationthatournotionsof socialmoralityaredegenerating.Foritisstillutterlywrongand immoraltoengageinindiscriminatebombingattackswhichinvolvethelivesofnon-combatantsandnon-militaryobjectives. TheHolyFatherhasrepeatedlyprotestedagainstsuchpractices. Andiftheybemotivatedbyorreceivedinaspiritofrevengethe evilisdouble-headed.Itmakesourtalkoffightingforspiritual principlessheerhypocrisy.

AnothermatterwhichtheChristianspiritcannotregardwithoutgravedisquietandconcernistheproposedmethodofbringing tojusticethoseagainstwhomwarguiltisalleged.Itisindeed anunpleasantlynovelwayofsecuringtheendsofjusticetobring theaccusedfortrialtotheplacewherehismisdeedswereallegedly committed.Ofthecombinedforceofmasshatredandskilfully engineeredpropagandawehaveseentoomuch.tosupposethatjusticecouldpossiblyprevailinthesecircunistances.Justiceand thedesireforretributionwillbefartoodifficulttodifferentiate.In anyeventitisobviouslycontrarytoalllegalproceduretoallow theinjuredpartytobeatonceprosecutor,judge,juryandexecutioner.IfanymattershouldbehandledbyaninternationalCourt ofneutralsitissurelytheissueofapportioningandpunishingwar guilt.TheuglybusinessthathasalreadyoccurredinRussia shouldforewarnusofthesavagerywhichthecontinuanceofsuch proceduremayandinevitably-willunleash,

Thereisathirdsubjectwhichsymptomisesaweakeningof moralsinourranks,andthatisthecavaliertreatmentofthesmall neutrals.FirstlySwitzerlandwaswarnedagainstgivingsanctuarytowarcriminals;thenTurkeywascutofffromfurtherwar supplies;SpainwascompelledbyeconomicsanctionstoceasetradingwiththeAxisincertainwarmetals,andfinallyEireisunder threatifshedoesnotclosetheAxisembassies.Agreatdealof thisprocedureisaviolationoftherightsofneutralsunderinternationallaw,andouronlyattemptatjustificationhasbeen"military necessity."Asaprincipleofmoralsitisnotgoodenough.And amongthesmallnationsoftheearthitmusthecausingverygrave doubtsofoursincerityinthepost-warsettlement."Ifthese thingstheyhavedoneinthegreenwood,whatwilltheydointhe dry?"Ifourgrowthinmilitarymightisininverseratiotoour beliefinandpracticeoftruemorality,itwillbeindeedwoetothe vanquishedandtothehopesofapeacefoundedonjusticeand charity.Wpetothevanquishedindeed,forweshallhavedefeatedourownends.

6IISSINGPERSON.

BRIDGETROCKwasborninIrelandabout70yearsago.Shewasthe daughterofJOHNROCKandANN McGOEY.ShewenttoAustraliaand marriedastonemasonorsculptor namedHANRETTY.Herrelatives lastheardofherin1896.Iflivingshe isentitledtoseveralthousanddollars. Anypersonknowingofherwhereaboutsisaskedtocommunicatewith J.J.Dwyer,Attorney,40WallStreet, NewYork.

HelpusbuildupagreatChildren's Library.Don'tletthesilverfisheat uppagesofthatcharmingstorybook youhavefinishedwith.Senditin totheCentralCatholicLibrary,M Pier-street,Perth.

CATHOLICNURSES' ASSOCIATION.

MajorDalySmithwilllecturethe CatholicNurses'Association,on"Sulphonomides,"onTuesday,March28,at 8p.m.,inC.G.M.Rooms,BankofNew SouthWalesBuildings,St.George's Terrace.Thelectureisnotrestricted tomembersoftheAssociation,andall Catholicnursesareinvitedtoattend.

NEWINDULGENCE.

TheHolyFatherhasgrantedapartialindulgenceof500daysandplenary indulgencemonthlyontheusualconditionstoallthefaithfulwhosaydevoutlyandcontritelytheinvocation (inanylauguage):"Domine,salvenos, periratis"--"Lord,saveus,weperish."

St.Mary'seatbedral

TIMETABLEFORHOLYWEEK

PalmSunday: 10.45a.m.SolemnBlessingof Palmts.

7.30p.m.EveningDevotions.

Preacher:Rev.FatherBreslin,0.M.I

SpyWednesday: Confessions:12noonto1p.m.; 4p.m.to6p.m.;andafter EveningDevotions.

EveningDevotions:7.30p.m.

Preacher:Rev.J.Murphy.

HolyThursday: 6.45a.m.to8.15a.m.:HolyCommuniontwillbedistributed.

8.45am:PontificalMass. 7.30p.m.:EveningDevotions. Preacher:Rev.J.Lynch.

GoodFriday: 10a.m.:MassofPresanctified, AdorationofCross,andPassionSermon.Preacher:Rev. H.Brennan.

3p.m.:StationsoftheCross. ConductedbyaRedemptorist Father.

7.30p.m.OfficeofTenebrae. Preacher:AnOblateFather. Confessionsimmediatelyafter EveningDevotions.

HolySaturday: Ceremoniescommenceat6.45 a.m.

Confessions:12noonto1p.m.; 4p.m.to6p.m.;andfrom 7.30onwards.

SacredMinisters fortheHoly Ceremonies

PALMSUNDAY.

DeaconsofthePassion:

Christus:Rev.F.O'Connor.

Narrator:VeryRev.L.J.Goody.

Turba:Rev.J.McGillicuddy, HOLYSATURDAY.

,Chanters:Rev.J.McGillicuddy,Rev. T.Ahern. GOODFRIDAY.

Morning:

LectorVeryRev.J.Wallace.

Celebrant:Rev.H.Lalor.

Deacon:Rev.K.Slowey.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.T.Ahern.

Tenebrae:

Chanters:VeryRev,L.J.Goody, Rev.J.J.Rafferty.

Lamentations:

First:VeryRev.L.J.Goody.

Second:Rev.H.Lalor.

Third:Rev.JMcGillicuddy.

Lessons:

IV.:Rev.C.K.Slowey.

V.:Rev.T.Ahern

VI.:RevF.O'Connor.

VII.:Rev.P.Kelliher.

VIII.:Rev.J.Murphy.

IX:VeryRevJ.Wallace.

Choir:

VeryRev.J.Wallace,Rev.E.Collins,Rev.F.OConnor,Rev.J, Brennan,Rev.P.Woods,Rev.T. Ahern,Rev,J.J.Rafferty,Rev.J. McGillicuddy,Rev.P.Kelliher, Rev.C.K.Slowey,Rev.H.Lalor, Rev.J.Murphy,Rev.T.O'Kane, RevP.Cryan,Rev.W.Costelloe, Rev.S.Haiwe,Rev.M.Delahunty, Rev,J.Leech,Rev.J.J.O'Dwyer, RevJ.Bourke,Rev.H.Brosnan.

(Note:Allmembersofchoirarerequiredtoattendapractice,whichwill beheldintheChapterHall,Victoria Square,at6pm.onThirsday,March 30,andbringtheLiberUsualiswith them.)

HOLYSATURDAY.

Celebrant:Rev,F.O'Connor.

Deaoon:Rev.J.McGillicuddy.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.P.Donnelly.

Choir:Rev.J.Murphy,Rev.E.Collins,Rev.A.Lynch,Rev.T.Ahern, Rev.C.K.Slowy,Rev.H.Lalor, Rev.H.Brennan QUARANT'ORE Sunday.

MAIM

4th-2.11DLANDJUN'CITON:Forty Hours'Prayer(24th.-90th.).

APRIL lst.-PAIMYRA:OneDayofExposition.

clircObiocese

AROHBIaHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

March26:

ConfirmationandCanonical tionattheChurchoftheAssumption,Donnybrook.

April2(PalmSunday): St.Mary'sCathedral:11a.m.,Pontificate.

April3: 8p.m.:AttendAnnualGeneralMeetingoftheHolyNameSociety.

April6(HolyThursday): St.Mary'sCathedral-8.45am.: Pontificate.

April7(GoodFriday): St.Mary'sCathedral-10a.m.:PretideatMassofthePresanctified. 3p.m.:AttendStationsoftheCross 730p.m.:PresideatOfficeofTenn brae.

April8(HolySaturday): St.Mary%Cathedral-8.15a.m.: PresideatSolemnHighMass.

April9(EasterSunday): St.Mary'sCathedral-11a.m.:Pontificate.

DAILYEXPOSITIONorTHE BLESSEDSAORAMZNT.

ExpositionoftheMostBlessed SacramentwillbeheldinSt Mary'sCathedraleachday(until furthernotice),betweenthehours of12.30pim.andL46p.m,

LivingWiththe Church

Sunday,March26: PassionSunday.MassProper, withouttheGloria.2nd.Prayerfor thePope.Creed.Prefaceofthe Cross.

Monday,March27: St.JohnDamascene,Confessorand Doctor.MassProper.2nd.Prayer oftheFeria;3rd.Prayerforthe Pope.Tract.Creed.Prefaceof theCross.LastGospeloftheFeria. -ORMassoftheFeriawithoutthe Gloria;2nd.PrayerforthePope; 3rd.PrayerofSt.Damascene.No Creed.PrefaceoftheCross.Prayer overthepeople.

Tuesday,March28: St.JohnCapistran,Confessor.Mass Proper.2nd,PrayeroftheFeria; 3rd.PrayerforthePope.Tract. PrefaceoftheCross.LastGospel oftheFeria.

-OR-MassoftheFeriawithoutthe Gloria.2nd.PrayerofSt.John Capistran.3rd.Prayerforthe Pope.PrefaceoftheCross.Prayer overthepeople.

Wednesday,Manch29: MassoftheFeria,withouttheGloria. 2nd.PrayerforthePope.Preface oftheCross.Prayeroverthepeople.

Thursday,March30: MassoftheFeriawithouttheGloria. 2nd.PrayerforthePope.Preface oftheCross.Prayeroverthepeople.

Friday,March31: TheSevenSorrowsofOurLady. MassProper.2nd.Prayerofthe Feria;3rd.PrayerforthePope. Tract,StabatMater.Creed.PrefaceofOurLady("Ettointransfixione").LastGospeloftheFeria. -ORMassoftheFeriawithoutthe Gloria,2nd.PrayerofOurLady; 3rdPrayerforthePope.NoCreed. PrefaceoftheCross.Prayerover thepeople.LastGospelofOur Lady.

Saturday,April1: MassoftheSaturday,withoutthe Gloria.2nd.PrayerforthePope. PrefaceoftheCross.Prayerover thepeople,

TheCeremoniesofHolyWeek

WiththeceremoniesofPalmSundaybeginstheliturgicalcycleofHoly Week,Thebeautyoftheelaborate,thoughrestrained,symbolismofthe manyfunctionsduringthisweekisoftencompletelylostonthecasual observer,and,onlytoofrequently,lit,leappreciatedevenbythosedevbut peoplefromwhomgreaterinterestwouldhavebeenexpectedThe crowds,however,whichyetiafteryearthrongtheCathedraltooverflowing, aresignenoughthattherearemanyforwhomashortexplanationwillbe usefulandabetterunderstandingoftheceremoniesreallyappreciated.

PALMSUNDAY

The.triumphantentryofChristinto JerusalemandHisenthusiasticreceptionbythepopulace,musthavebeen atrueconsolationtoOurLord,aconsolationandahappinessnevertheless temperedbysadnessandtheapprehensionofthetreacheryofthosesame peoplefivedaytlater.Thisdouble characteristicofhappinessanddepressionisconveyed,forceablyinto-day's ceremonial.TheblessinganddistributionofthepalmsbeforeMass,tothe accompanimentofthehappyshoutsof "HoSsannainthehighest,"renderedby thechoir,thentheprocessionwiththe palmbranchesoutsidethechurch,folto)Wedbytheinterestingceremonyat thedoorsoftheCathedral.Thedoors areclosed,theprocessionreachesthem fromtheoutside,andthehymn, 'Glory,praiseandhonourbetoThee, OChristRedeemer,"isalternatedbetweenchanter'sontheinsideandthe wholeprocessionoutside.Finallythe cross-bearerknocksuponthedoors withthebaseofthecross;theyare openedandtheprocessionstreamsinto thechurchoncemoreasChristandthe attendantcrowdstreamedintoJerusalemonthefirstSundayofthePalms. ThentheSolemnMassbeginsand quicklyreachestheimpressivechantingofthePassionofOurLordaccordingtoSt.Matthewbythreedeacons standinginthesanctuary.ThisaccountofOurLord'ssufferingand deathaswellasthoseotherceremoniesdescribedabove,shouldbefollowed carefullybyeveryone,Bookscontainingeverythinginfullareeasyto obtain.

ThefunctiononPalmSundaywill commenceat10.45a.m.

HOLYTHURSDAY.

OrtheThursdayoftheLord'sSupper.

Theoutstandingcharacteristicof thisday'smostsolemnceremoniesare:

First:TheCommemorationofthe InstitutionoftheBlessedEucharistby OurLordJesusChrist.

Second:TheBlessingorConsecrationoftheHolyOils.

Third:TheStrippingoftheAltar.

1.Althoughthefullliturgicalfeast dayoftheBlessedSacramenthasbeen transferreduntilafterPentecost,to CorpusChristi,itisobviousthatceremonialonHolyThursdayisessentiallyoneinhonouroftheEucharist.The ,whitevestments,thedecoratedaltar, thefinalpealingofthebell's,allpoint toaspiritofjoyandofthanksgiving forthisgreatmystery,eventhoughit beshroudedonbothsidesbythesorrowfuleventsofOurLord'sPassion.

Immediatelyafterto-day'sMassa consecratedHdstistakeninsolemn processiontoasidechapel,wherethe AltarofReposehasbeenprepared. HereItremainsfortheadorationof thefaithfuluntilItisbroughthackto theHighAltaronGoodFridayforthe Priest'sCommunion.Thisperiod whiletheBlessedSacramentislying intheAltarofReposeistakentosignifymysticallythetimeduringwhich theBodyofOurLordwaslyinginthe tombofGethsemane.

celebrantoftheMass(inthecaseof theCathedral,HisGracetheArchbishop)stripstheHighAltarandthe sidealtarsoftheirclothsandother adornments.Thissignifiesthatthe ChurchisreturningonceagainwithundividedattentiontothesorrowfulcontemplationofOurLord'sPassionand DeathafterthebriefjoyfulcommemorationoftheInstitutionoftheBlessed Eucharist.

ThefunctiononHolyThursday morningwillcommenceat8.45a.m.

GOODFRIDAY.

ThesolemnceremoniesonGoodFriday,fromaliturgicalpointofview, areamongthemostinterestingofthe wholeyear'scycle,containingasthey domanysurvivalsofancientecclesiasticalusage.

Themorningfunctionmaybedividedanddistributedunderthefollowing headings:-

1.ThereadingofpassagesfromHoly Scripture,

2.The"Bidding"prayersforallthe estatesoftheChurch.

3.TheUnveilingand"Adoration"of theCross.

4.TheMassofthePresanctified.,

I.Itwasaninvariableruleafew centuriesagothattwolessonsfrom ScriptureshouldprecedetheGospel. Thisoldpracticesurvivesto-day.The passagefromtheProphetOseaand anotherfromMoses'bookofExodus precedethesingingofthePassionGospel,thistimeaccordingtoSt.John.

2.Next(weareinvitedor"bidden" bythepriesttoprayforthePope,for ourBishop,fortheclergy,forallthe faithful,forthoseunderinstructionin theChristianfaith,forpagans,andfor theJews.Theformofthese"bidding"prayersisnow-a-daysrare,althoughthegeneralruleinpasttimes. Thepriestinaloud,clearvoice,enunciatestheintentionoftheprayer,the deaconbidsthepeoplekneelandpray, alittlelaterthesub-deacontellsthem toarise,andthenthepriestina"Collect"collects,asitwere,theprayers ofallandinaconciseformpresents ittoGod.

3.Thecharacteristicceremonyof GoodFridaynowfollows.TheCross, whichhasremainedveiledsincePassionSunday,isunveiledinthreeimpressivestagesbythepriest,assisted bythedeacon,andaftereachsuccessiveuncoveringallkneelandworship theSaviourwhoisrepresentedbyHis imageontheCross.Theunveiled crucifixisthenlaidonacushionbeforethealtarsteps,andalltheclergy comet)wobytwoandafterthreesuccessivereverences,kissthefootofthe Cross.Thisistheancientceremony knowninoldertimesas"creepingto theCross."

ies,andthefirstEasterMasstakeoit anewsignificance. Thesequenceoftheceremoniesis:

1.BlessingoftheNewFire.

2.BlessingandLightingofthePaschalCandle.

3.Prophecies.

4.BlessingoftheBaptismalFont.

5.TheLitanies.

8.TheFirstEasterMass.

1.Allilluminationisextinguishedin theChurchandnewfireiskindledin abrazierintheporchofthechurch; thisfireisblessedbythepriest.A taperisthenlitfromthefireandthis isusedsubsequentlytolightthePaschalandothercandles,Intheporch arealsoblessedfivesmallspikesofincense,whichareafterwardsinsertedin thesideofthePaschalcandle.The clergythenmoveprocessionallytothe Sanctuary,where-

2.TheblessingofthePaschalCandle commences.Thisblessingisalmost uniqueinsofarasitispronouncedby thedeaconwho,naturally,neednot necessarilybeapriestatall.Theformulafortheblessingiscalledthe"Exsultet,'whichissungbythedeacon, andiscreditedwithbeingoneofthe finestpiecesoftheChurch'schantin existence:Thischantisinterrupted severaltimes,fortheinsertionofthe spikesofincense,forthelightingof thecandle,andforthere-illumination ofthechurch.

3.FollaiwingtheblessingofthecandleisthereadingoftwelvelongpassagesfromtheOldTestament(called the"Prophecies,'becauseallofthem eitherdirectlyorindirectlyreferto thefuturecomingoftheRedeemer). Theyrefertothecreationoftheworld, theflood,thesacrificeofAbraham,the escapefromEgypt,theBabylonian

captivity,etc.,TheseinterestingextractsfromtheBibleservedtopass someofthetimeduringtheEaster Vigil,

4.Thewaterinthebaptismalfontis blessedsolemnlytwiceayear(andprivatelyasoftenasthesupplyneedsteplenishing),atEasterandatPentecost.ThefreshoilofCatechumens andthenewChrism,blessedandconsecratedtwodayspreviously,arepouredinandmixedwiththewater,andif thereisanyonetobebaptisedheis baptisedimmediately.

5.Theclergyreturnoncemoreto theHighAltar,andthere,prostrating themselves,theyremaininprayer, whiletwochanterssingtheLitanyof theSaints.Towardstheendofthe Litaniesthesacredministersariseand, inthesacristy,changeintowhitevestmentsfortheMass.

6.ThisMasswasoriginallycelebratedjustaftermidnight,andsowas andisstillconsidered,thefirstMass ofEasterSunday.TheonlySurvival oftheoldVigilMassthatexiststodayistheMidnightMassatChristmas. DuringthisMassthe"Alleluia"isrestoredtotheliturgyoftheChurch, ExcludedsinceSeptuagesima.Sunday, nineweeksbefore,thisshoutofpraise -"Alleluia"isHebrewfor"praisebe toGod"-isthesignofgreatrejoicing. Itissungthreetimesinanascending scalebythepriestandthedeacon, andthentakenupbythechoir,who willcontinuetosingitwithgreatSolemnityduringtheremainderofthe ChurchYear.

ThefunctiononHolySaturdaywill commenceat6.45a.m.

(NamesoftheministersforHoly ThursdayCeremonieswillappearin nextweek'sissue.)

"Sonotone"Hearing AidsDepartment

2.InCathedralchurchestheHoly Oilsareto-dayconsecratedbytheBishop.TheoilofthesickisblessedbeforetheCommunion,whiletheconsecrationofthechrismandthebleSsing oftheoilofcatechumenstakesplace aftertheCommunionoftheMass.The impressiveceremoniesconnectedwith thisfunctionrequiretheservicesofa numberofpriests,deaconsandsubdeacons,allintheirdistinctivevestments,tobringthevesselscontaining theunconsecratedoilsbeforetheBishopandtoreturnthemagaintothe sacristyaftertheblessingshavebeen pronounced.Duringtheblessingor consecrationoftheoils,theBishopis seatedbeforeasmalltablesituatedtowardsthecentreofthesanctuary,

3.AttheconclusionoftheceremoniesforHolyThursdaymorning,the

4.ThelastpartoftheGoodFriday functionisquicklycompleted;aprocessionisformedtotheAltarofRepose,andtheConsecratedHost,which wasdepositedthereyesterday,i, broughtbacktotheHighAltarand thepriestconsumesItinHolyCommunion.Thisiswhatiscalledthe MassofthePresanctified,becausethere isnoOffertory,noConsecration,but onlythePriest'sCommunion,withthe SacredSpeciespre-sanctifiedorpreconsecratedthedaybefore.ThisMass concluded,thealtarsarestripped again,andexceptforthegleamasof arayofhopefromtheunveiledcrucifix,theChurchreturnsonceagainto thebarenessofsorrowandmourning.

Thefunctionon'GoodFridaymorningcommencesat10am.

HOLYSATURDAY.

Foraproperunderstandingofthe ceremoniesofHolySaturdayitis necessarytorealisethatoriginallyall thatwenowwitnessonSaturday morningwasthenperformedduring thenightprecedingEasterDay.It wasaVigil.Undersuchcircumstancesthenewfire,theblessingandlightingofthecandle,thelengthyprophec-

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DidPopeLeoinspireChurchilltobring "averagestotherescueofthemillions"

SOCIALSECURITYGIVEN

5

0YEARSAGO

'TEL.:

Itiscleartoanyonewhoreadsthe encyclicalsofPopeLeoXIIIandPope FiusXTthatthePapacyformallyand officiallyapprovedofthedoctrineof SocialSecurity.

SocialSecurityisregardedgenerally asanewidea,astheproductofthe presentdayworld'splanforsocial andeconomicreconstruction.But thatisnottrue.

Thebasicprinciplesofthedoctrine wereclearlyenunciatedoverfifty yearsagobyLeoXIII.Infact,his famousencyclical,"RerumNovarum," isthefoundation,andthegreatestjustification,ofeveryorthodoxprinciple ofsocialsecurityofwhichwehearso muchto-day.Andthereisnodoubt thatitisthedirectinspirationofthe basicplansofSirWilliamBeveridge's nowfamousreportandMr.Winston Churchill'scolourfulphrase"bringing averagestotherescueofthemillions." CardinalManning'sTribute.

"Sincethedivinewords,'Ihave compassiononthemultitude,'were spokeninthewilderness,"wroteCardinalManning,''novoicehasbeen heard,throughouttheworld,pleading forthepeople,withsuchprofound loveandsympathyTorthosethattoil andsuffer.NonebuttheVicarof Christcouldsospeaktomankind.NoPontiffhassoeverspoken. NoPontiffeverhadsuchanopportunitytospeak,fornevertillnowhasthe worldoflabourbeensodependanton therich,soexposedtothefluctuations ofadversity.andtothevicissitudesof thetrade."

Thefamousencyclicalwasbutthe timelyexpressionofLeo'slifetimeinterestintheworker,.Hehadcalled BishopKettlerofGermany(whosesocialreformswerelateradoptedbyhis country)his"greatpredecessor."He hadpatronisedthesocialreconstructionofFrance,begunin1870byAlbertdeMun.Hecommendedthe workofthesocialcongressesofItaly. Germany,BelgiumandSwitzerland. In1887,hereceivedattheVaticana greatpilgrimageoflabour,composed of100employers,1,900workmen,and 300priests.Hewasconstantlyat handtohearandencouragethethousandsofworkmenpilgrimswhowere alwayscallinguponhim,andtowhom helistenedwithkindsympathyand towhomhespokewordsofencouragementandhope."Weshallnever ceasetodoforthebettermentofyour conditionallthatOurofficeandOur fatherlyheartcansuggest."Nowondertheworkershailedhimas"their fatherandtheirprotector."

AndonMay15,1891,hegavetothe worldthemostfamousEncyclicalof alltime,the"RerumNovarum,"which hassincebecomeknownastheMagna Chartaoftheworkingclasses,adocumentwhichhasmeritedtheenthusiasticcommentofCatholicandProtestantalike,andwhichhashadtheprofoundestinfluenceonsociallegislation bothcivilandreligious.Itsanctifies thecauseofsocialimprovement:it strikesthenoteofaffectionatesympa- thyfortheworkerwhilechampioning totheutmosttheinterestoftheemployerandthelandlord;itexaltsthe personaldignityofmananditproclaimsthedutyoftheStatetointerestitselfinsocialconcernsandsafeguardtheworker,theinfirm,theindigentandtheunemployed.

TheChurch'sSolicitude.

TheChurch,hedeclares,isnotconcernedwiththesoulalone,nordoesit neglectthetemporalandearthlyinterests."Herdesireisthatthepoor shouldriseabovepovertyandbetter theircondition.""Christianmorality leadsofitselftotemporalprosperity, foritmeritstheblessingofGodWho isthesourceofallblessings."It provesthatsolicitudebysponsoring variousassociationsformedforthereliefofpoverty.

Onthepartoftheworkman,iteR jointhonesty,fairnessandpeaceableness.Onthepartoftheemployerit enjoinsrespectforthedignityofthe labourer,andteachesthatdueregard

mustbemadeforreligiousduties,morality,sexandstrengthWagesmust bejust.

Thewealthymustusetheirwealth rightlyandthepoormustremember thatlabourisnodisgrace,andthat goodnessistherealwealthoflife. Classhatredanddistinctionmustbe extirpatedFriendshipandbrotherly loveshouldunitebothclasseswho sharealikeinthecommonhumandignityandwhobenefitslamfromthe someinheritanceofGod'ssonshipand redemption,wroughtbyChrist.

DutyetState

Andinnoequivocaltermstheencyclicalstatestheresponsibilityofthe Stateinregardtotheworkersandthe poor.TheStatemustprotectthe rightsofall,butasthewealthierclass hasmanywaysofprotectingitselfand asthepoorhavenoresourcestofall backupon,"wageearnersshouldbe speciallycaredforbytheGovernment. Notonlyshouldtheirspiritualand mentalinterestsbesafeguarded,but theyshouldbeprotectedagainstexploitation(astoworkinghoursconditionsofemployment,restandrecreation.)

Inregardtowages,sincelabouris personalandnecessary,amanmay notworkforinadequateremuneration.

Whilethecontractbetweenthelabourerandemployerisafreeagreement,stillthisagreementpresupposes "adictateofnaturaljusticemoreimperiousthatanybargainbetweenman andman,namelythatwagesoughtnot tobeinsufficienttosupportafrugal andwell-behavedwageearner."

Iftheworkman'swagesaresufficienttosupporthimself,hiswifeand hischildren,hewillfinditeasyto practisethrift,and,toputbysome littlesavingstosecureamodest sourceofincome.Thelawshould favourownershipanditspolicyshould betoinduceasmanyaspostibleto becomeowners.TheStatewouldbe unjustandcruel,if.-underthename oftaxationitweretodeprivetheprivateownerofmorethanisfair."

TradeUnions.

TheEncyclicalcommendsprivateassociationsthatguaranteetherights ofthemembersandgivemutualhelp, suchassickbenefit.Thesesocieties, providedtheyarelawful,cannotbe prohibitedbytheState.Inparticu1.1r,thePontiffrecommendstrade unions.Amongstthepriorendsof suchsocietiesshouldbethearrangementforacontinuoussupplyofwork atallSeasons,andthecreation"ofa fundoutofwhichthemember'smaybe effectuallyhelpedintheirneeds,in casesofaccident,insickness,oldage andindistress.

HerethePopehasclearlychampion-ed(almost,itwouldseem,beforedue time)thedoctrineofsecurityandthe doctrineofthelivingwagewhichpro- videsforwifeandfamily,aswellas allowingamodicumtopichateand securepropertyorland.Securityis notmerelynecessaryforthislife,but isthelogicalpreparationforahealthy spiritualandmorallife:andtheobligationofprovidingforthelabourer whoseworkisto"hiscredit,"enablinghimto"earnhislivinginanhonourableway")fallsnotmerelyonthe employer,butinthecaseofhisnegligence,ontheState.

Thisencyclical,eventhoughitbut re-expressestheteachingoftheChurch fromtheearliestages,cameasarevelationtotheworld,CatholicandnonCatholicalike.Ithasborneabundantfruit,andhasinspiredeveryact ofsocialameliorationeversince.The non-Catholicpressappreciateditspracticalwisdomanditsepigrammatic grandeur.The"Spectator"wrotein 189that"itwascleartoaudacity,andalmostoversteppedtheboundsofPontificaletiquette,andwouldgivenew hearttomillions."Howsoundwere itsprinciplesandhowprolificofgood, canbestbeevidencedbyastudyof PiusXI'sencyclical;"Quadragesimo Anno,"issued40yearslater,whichreaffirmsitsWisdom,andrejoicesinrecallinglthegreatbenefitsithis broughttohumanity.

Purity...

aPrerequisiteof DivineFavour

(ContinuedfromPage7.)

therewasonevirtueinparticulirHe lovedandreverenced-HolyPurity. HewasbornofaVirginMother-a maidwhohadsuchaloveforchastity thatshe!wouldhaveforegonethesublimedignityofbeingtheMotherof Godifitwouldhavemeantbreaking hervowofvirginity.St.John,the VirginApostle,wasHisfavourite. JesusallowedtheDevilstotemptHim threetimes-butneveragainstthe holyvirtue.Hisaccuser'scharged Himwithmanyfaults,butneverwith anysinagainstPurity."Blessedare thecleanofheartfortheyshallsee God,"Hepromised.SeeHimhere belowbyfaith-hereafterbyvision. Godhasalwayshatedimpurityabove everyothersin.Hehaspunishedit withmoreterrifyingseveritythanany other.TotheyoungmeninthecongationIappealtokeeptheirbodies, mindsandheartsfreefromthedegradingviceofimpurity.Ifayoungman ispurethereislittlefearforhim.The HolyGhostsays:"Butforhimthatis pure,hisworkisright."(Prow,xxl.,8). IfyouwouldhaveChristforyour friend,beaman.Thesexappetiteis thestrongestwehave:youknowyour duty,andwheninspiteofthefoul seductionsofthe(world,inspiteofthe attractivenessoflustunderanyguise, youconquer,youkeepyourselfunspotted,undefiled,thenyoureallyare aman.Anycadcantellasmutty story;anymoroncangratifyhispassions;anyweaklingcangivein,butit takesmanhood,truemanhood,toput downwithafirmhandtheuprisings ofourfallenhumannature.tosay "No"whenthewhiteheatofpassion knocksattheportalsofoursoul.You proveyouryoungmanhoodbyconqueringyourself.Thatvicewill eitherconqueryouoryouwillconquer it.Whichisittobe?

Wehearmuchclap-trapinthese dayswhenloosethinkingandundefinedtermsaresomuchinvogue.."Manhood"isamordinpoint.Itdoesn't ,onsist,asmanyseemtoimaginein possessingaforty-two-inchchest,welldevelopedcalvesorbigbiceps.One manyfindthesoulofadegeneratein thebodyofanathleteandthesoulof aherointhebrokenbodyofacripple. Thetestoftruemanhoodisthe strengthofyourwill-notofyour body.Ifyoupossessgoodphysique youmaybejustafinespecimenofanimal,butnotnecessarilyofmanhood. Manbydefinitionisa"rationalanimal,"andyouarerationalwhenyour reasonactsinaccordancewiththedictatesofyourconscience;andyourconscienceisformedbythelawofGod asexplainedbytheChurchofGod.So whenyouobeyyourconscience,when youarepure-inthought,(wordand deed,youareactingrationally,likea man.Soneverletanyonetellyou thatsinismanly.Especiallyinthese daysyoushowstrengthofcharacter whenyoukeepastainlessheartin spiteoftheloudguffawandthecheap sneerofthosewhowouldhaveyou comedowntotheirlevel.Theatmosphereinwhichweliveissocorrupt nowthatittakesthecourageofaman tobravepublicopinioninfactoryor workshopandbedifferentfromthe rest. Wehearalotaboutthenecessityof physicalculture;thebestmethodof developingthebody,soastoraisethe standardofthenation'shealth.When thecampaignstartedsomeyearsago inMelbourne,oneoftheleadingdoctors,whenaskedhisopinionregardingitschanceofsuccess,replied: "Therewillbenophysicalfitnesswithoutmoralfitness."Unlessayoung

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manconquershispassionshisbodybuildingexercisesareasheerwasteof time.Cleanliving,selfmastery,are thenecessarypreludetothebodyperfect.Soeveninthenaturalorder purityisanecessity.Itisallthe morenecessaryifyouwouldhave Jesusforyourfriend.Bepare.He whomyou'seek"feedsamongthe lilies."It'saremarkablethingthat theconvertsIhaveinstructedhavealwayshadahighregardforthisangelicvirtue.Perhapsthat'wasthe reasonGodgavethemtheinestimable giftoffaith.TheHolyGhosthas saidtheinnocentofhandandcleanof heartascendthemountainofthe Lord.ThegreatPascalsaid,"Ifyou wishtobeconvincedofeternal truths,donotaugmentyouraguments, butweedoutyourpassions."On theotherhand,anenemyofthe Churchoncewrote,"letusstriveto populariseviceamongthepeople; makemen'sheartscorruptandyou willhavenomoreCatholics."

Ifthenyousincerelywishtodraw closetoJesusChrist,toenjoythe sweetnessofHisfriendship,strive manfullyagainstthedegradingviceof impurity,UsethemeanstheChurch hasplacedatyourdisposal.Makea goodconfessionandfollowassiduously theadvicethepriestofGodgivesyou. Prizethismanlyvirtueofholypurity aboveallotherandyourlifewillbe happyinthisworldandinthenext. Especiallynowduringyouthpray earnestlytoGodforit.Letyour mostferventprayerbeforobtaining thatgrace.Saywiththepoet:

"Giveme,myGod,apureheartand abrain, ButifThouwouldstimpart Oneonlyofthosegiftsofheavenly grace, Denymeintellect,andinitsplace Givemeastainlessheart."

Therewillbeverifiedinyouthat glorioipromiseofChrist,"Ifany oneloveMe,hewillkeepMywordand MyFatherwilllovehimandiwewill cometohim,andwillmakeourabode withhim."(JohnXIV.,23.)Inother words,therewillbeginoneartha friendshipthatwillendurethroughout eternity,Amen.

TheLoyalOrange Lodge

TheOrangeLodgewasoriginallyan associationofProtestantsfoundedin 1680.IttookitsnamefromWilliam ofOrange,aGermanPrincetowhom Protestantsofthetimeofferedthe BritishThroneafterhavingdeposed andexpelledKingJamesII,whowas aCatholic.Oncethethronehad beensecuredforProtestantism.the Orangemovementgraduallylapsed; however,troubleinIrelandbrought abouttherevivalofOrangeismin 1795,addingtoitsanti-Catholicspirit astronganti-Irishelement.Butonce moreOrangeismisonthewane.It hasnothinglikethevogueitenjoyed someyearsago,andfewpeopletake the"LoyalOrangeLodge"seriously.

Theobjectsofthislodgearechiefly tofosterandpropagateanti-Catholic bigotry.Itcallsitselfthe"oldest worldlijdeanti-PapalOrder."However,itst,originalobjectwastodefend andsecuretheProtestantsuccessionto theThroneofEngland.Theone thingOrangemenwouldreallydread wouldbean,ActoftheBritishParliamentrepealingthelawforbidding theKtngtobeaCatholic,andgrantinghimfreedomofconsciencetoprofesOsanyreligionhemightwish.I see.noprospectsofthe...presentKing wishingtobeaCatholic,butthe OrangeLodgeinsiststhatbylawhe mustprofesstobeaProtestant.What thefuturewillbring,religiouslyand constitutionally,wedonotknow.But onethingiscertain:The"Orange Lodge"haslittlevitalitytoday,and israpidlyapproachingthestagewhen itwillhavenone.Fewpeopleareinterestedinitseffortstokeepbygone c.ntroversiesalive.

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TheBird of

SuccessfulConcertatHis Majesty's MemorableEntertainmentin HonourofSt.Patrick

Owingtotheimpossibilityofengagingasuitabletheatreonthenightof theFeast,theannualSt.Patrck'sDay ConcertwasheldonSundaynight, March19,atHisMajesty'sTheatre. Thelargeaudiencewastreatedtoa splendidlybalancedprogrammearrangedbytheDiocesanDirectorof Music,Rev.A.E.Lynch.

Previousyearshaveneverseena moreenthusiasticandappreciative audienceataSt.Patrick'snightconcertthanthatwhichcrolwdedHisMajesty'sTheatrelastSundaynight; manyindeedhadtobeturnedaway.

TheJuniorOrhestrafromtheConventofMercy,VictoriaSquare,not onlyopenedtheconcert,butplayed otheritemsduringthenight.Their contributionwasfarfrombeingleast inimportance.Theirtonewasbright andsoundedsurprisinglyvoluminous inthebigtheatretohavecomefrom such,insomecases,tinyplayers.

Lovelyqualitycharacterisedthe singingbypupilsofSt.Brigid'sHigh School,WestPerth,oftwoIrishsongs, "The"FairyTalesofIreland"and "TheMeetingoftheWaters,"between whichitemslittleNoraSmithdanced theIrishJiginmdstspiritedfashion.

PupilsofLoretoConvent,Osborne, presentedabeautifulandunusualspectacle,thatofatableauofafamous painting,"TheEmpressEugeniesurroundedbyherladies-inwaiting,"whichmergedintothemostgraceful dancingofagavotte.

ThebeautyofoldIrishmusicwas mademanifestbythe'singingbyMiss MarciaHodgesoftwooldIrishcountrytunes.ArmstrongGibb's"Padraic theFiddler,"inwhichthesingerwas supportedbyaviolinobbligato(playedbyCarmelBurrows),provedtobe acharmingtrifle,charminglyrendered.

Thewellknown"Naila"Waltz,elaboratelytranscribedforthepianoby Dohnanyi,wasplayedsoconvincingly bytheyoungpianist,FrancesMoran, thatitprovedtobeoneofthemost popularitemsofthenight.

Amostcaptivatingphysicalculture displaybythechildrenofSt.Joseph's, VictoriaSquare,withmusicplayedby theorchestra,wassplendidlydoneand warmlyreceived.

Thetrialsofacameramancauseda greatdealofamusement,andthepreliminaryannouncementthatallthe actorsreallywereboysfromtheChristianBrothers'College,Highgate,was notunwarranted,especiallyinthecase ofthebeautifulbride.

AftertheintervalpupilsofSanta MariaCollege,Attadale,presenteda completelittleconcertinoneact,takingtheformofan"AtHome."There waschoir,orchestra,dances,andparticularlythesoloist(PatriciaHolmes), allvieingwitheachothertomakethe "WidowCarey'sEveningParty"the greatsuccessitwas.

Schubert'severbeautiful"Ave Maria"wasmostexpressivelyplayed bytheyoungviolinist,CannelBurrows,whoseplayingevinceswanirth andsincerity.CoupledwiththeAve Mariaweretwoshortnurserytunes, "SweetLavender"and"LittleMiss Muffet,"cleverandeffectivepiecesby BrewsterJones.

"TheRoseofTralee"soundedvery effectiveasharmonisedbyanonette ofgirlsconductedbyMargaretO'Hara, and,ofcourse,isalwayspopular.

Dancinghasalwaysmadetheheart beatfastersincethebeginningofthe world,andnoIrishbreastcouldremain indifferenttothechallengingrhythm ofPatriciaConden'sIrishdancing, !whichwaswarmlyapplauded.

The"LondonderryAir"wassung byRev.FatherMcGillicuddy,who gavewarmthandunderstandingto thatsong,whichofallIrishsongs,so wellsung,couldsendthehugeaudienceawayattheendofafineconcert consciousofhaving'spentanighthappilyandwell.

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Is"TheCatholicAnswer"Evasive,SolelyRelianton Authority,Unscriptural. andafraidofEducdion

WhytheChurchresistsasystemwhichproduces"magnificentpagans" SothePopeis"Squealing" AbouttheFateofRome!

TheAlliesMustAvoidthe ImmoralityofTotalWar-

(ContinuedfromPage4,) baptisedCatholicsareboundtothe Catholicformofmarriage,evenwhen theycontractmarriagewithanonCatholic,except(2),apersonwho isbaptisedaCatholic,yes,butwhose parents(oratleastoneofthem)are non-Catholic,andthe'personwasnot broughtupintheCatholicfaith.

So,inyourcase,ifyourparents werebothCatholicsyourmarriage wasalwaysinvalidintheeyesofthe Church,andsincethecivildivorce hasreleasedyouintheeyesofthe civillaw,youwouldnowbefreeto marry.Thefactthatyouwerenot confirmeddoesnotaffectyourpositioninthesecircumstances.But,on theotherhand,ifbothoratleastone ofyourparentswasanon-Catholic, thewholequestionofthevalidityor otherwiseofyourmarriagehinges aroundthefurtherquestionofwhether ornotyouwerebroughtupinthe Catholicfaithandnotwhetheryou wereconfirmedornot.Ifyouwere broughtupinthefaith,evenfora shorttimeyouwouldhavebeen boundallalongtotheCatholicform andYourmarriagewouldhavebeen invalid.Havingobtainedacivildivorceyouwouldnowbefreetomarry again.If,however,youwerenot broughtupinthe.Catholicfaith,even forashorttime,thenyouwould neverhavebeenboundtotheCatholic formofmarriageandthemarriagecontractedintheRegistryOfficewas thereforevalidintheeyesofthe Church,andyouwouldnotnow,in spiteofyourdivorce,befreetomarry again.

CommonSense,eastFremantle:

Q.:YourFatherFaheyisofopinion thatgolfisnotagamebutadisease,butafterlisteningtoyouevery sessionsinceyoucommencedthe"CatholicAnswer,"Ihavecometothe conclusionthattheRomanCatholic Churchisnota'religion"buta game,"forthefollowingreasons:-

(a)Thatwhenyouareaskedto animaaquestionwhichinvolves thepracticesoftheChurchwhich arecontrarytoChrist'steachings, youalwaysfallbackontheauthorityoftheChurch:

A.:Youmakeseveralaccusations amongstthesevariousreasonsofyours, butyoudonotquoteanyinstanceof myhavingdonethethingsyoumention-Ifyouwouldbegoodenough togiveconcrete.examplesofmyevasivetacticsinfallingbackontheauthorityoftheChurchwhenallegedly tryingtodefendCatholicpractices contrarytotheteachingsofChrist, thenIshallbepleasedtodealwith eachcaseyoumentionsAsthings standatthemomentIsimplydeny suchanuntrueandsweepingaccusation.There'sanoldLatintag,you know,"quodgratisasseri's,gratis negatur,"whichmeans,"whatyou simplyassertisjustassimplydenied." Inanycase,Ihaveneverattempted todefendthepracticesoftheChurch whicharecontrarytoChrist'steachings,forthe'simplereasonthatno practiceoftheChurch,assuch,iscontrarytotheteachingsofChrist.They couldn'tbe,forChristsaidtoHis Church,"BeholdIamwithyouall days,eventotheconsummationof

theworld."AndsinceChristkeeps Hispromises,HewouldnotallqwHis Churchtoerr.Bythat,Idonot mean,ofcourse,thatthepracticesof individualCatholicsarenevercontrarytoChrist'steachings,theyoften are,butyouspeakoftheerringways oftheChurchHerself,notofindividualCatholics,andthatIcertainly deny.

(b)Thatmostofyouranswersare notfoundedonScripturalauthority:

A.:ThattooIdeny.Ifyouhave listenedtoevery'sessionofthe"CatholicAnswer,"asyousayyouhave, surelyyoumustadmitthatIhave repeatedlyappealedtoScripturalauthority.ButhereImustremind youthattheauthorityofTraditionin theCatholicChurchisequaltothatof Scripture,andtheyarethetwosourcesofauthoritythatIquote:ScriptureandTradition.

(c-Thatyouareseekingtostrengthenthefaithoftheseofyourown faithwhoarebeeesninglukewalm, aseducationhasemboldenedthem tothinkforthemselves:

A.:ThatIseektostrengthenthe faithofCatholicsthemselvesthrough thesesessionsI'willinglyadmit,and manyindeedhavethankedbothDr. Goodyandmyselfforthehelpthat wehavebeentothem.Isthere anythingwrongintryingtohelpCatholicstounderstandtheirownfaith betterthroughlisteningtothese broadcasts?Doesthatnecessarily meanthattheCatholicChurchis thereforenotareligionbuta"game," asyousonaivelysuggest?I'mblessed ifIcanseetheconnection.Why, evengoodCatholicscanbenefitbylisteningtothevariousdoctrinesof theirfaithbeingexplainedforthe benefitofothers.Idon'tthinkany Catholic,priestorlayman,wouldconsiderthathekneweverythingabout hisfaith;weallhavealottolearn andaregladoftheopportunitythat modernscienceaffordsustoseeyet alittlemoreclearlythedepthand therichesofChrist'srevelation.And asforCatholicsbeingemboldenedto thinkforthemselvesthroughthesavinggracesofeducation,sure,Iadmit thattoo,buttheChurchhasnothing tofearfromtrueeducation..Onthe otherhand,Shehaseverythingto fearfromthematerialisticeducation thatisfastwarpingtheoutlookon lifeofthemoderngeneration.You can'thaveeducationwithoutreligion, itjustdoesn'tmakesense,andthere ispreciouslittlereligioninmuchof ourcontemporaryeducation.The CatholicChurchdoesfeartheeffect ofthatkindofup-bringingonour youthofto-day,'whetherCatholicor non-Catholic;ShelookswithunfeignedalarmattheprospectofmuchSf ourmoderneducationbothduring andafterschoolyearsproducinga raceofmagnificentpagans.There's noharm,incidentally,inthinkingfor one'sself-solongasonedoesthink forone'sself,andone'sthinkingis notbiassedwithprejudiceandcrackpotideasrightfromthestart.But then,again,inmattersthatconcern man'ssalvation,oneisnotatliberty tothinkforone'sself.Christrevealedcertaintruthstous,andthose truthsweMUSTaccept:itisnota questionofbeingfreetothinkaswe likeaboutthesethings.That'sjust

averysimple,butverybigmistake thatmanypeoplemaketo-day.

Someofyouperhapsmayhaveoverheat('thesameremarkinthetramor busgoinghome-aremarkthatisas contemptuousaLitisignorant,and myselfFreardonemansayto another:"IseethePope's-squealing againaboutthebombingofRome.' Ladiesandgentlemen,HisHoliness PopePiusXII.isnosquealer.Asa manhestandswithWinstonChurchillandFranklinRoosevelt,pre-eminentamongstthemanygreatfigureson theworld'sstage.to-day.Asapriest andtheVice-gerentofChriston earthhestandsABOVEWinston ChurchillandFranklinRooseveltand therestofmen.Hisprobityand sanctityandtheChristianprinciples thatinspirehiseverypronouncement andhiseveryactionarerecognisedby allresponsiblegovernments,38of whomhaveaccreditedMinistersto theVatican,includingBritainand theUnitedStates.Noleaderof anysinglenationhasanythinglike theresponsibilitiesoftheHoly Father,!whosesolicitudeextendsbeyondthe400,000,000Catholicsthroughouttheworldandembracesallmen irrespectiveofraceornation.Itis asdivinelyappointedFatherofall mankindandthecustodianofour ChristianheritageandtheverySoul ofourcivilisationthathespeaks whenappealingtobothbelligerents torespecttheinviolabilityofRome, Itisdifficulttoimaginewordsmore solemnandmovingthantheHoly Father'swhenhedeclared:"Howcan itbepossibletoturnthisimmortal cityintoabattlefield?Thosewho wouldturnRomeintoabattlefield (wouldforeverbearacurse.Such anactwouldnotbeexcusedatthe barofhistory.Theseraidsandacts which,fromamilitarystandpoint,are ingloriousaremorallyindefensible."

Therehasbeenagreatdealofinconsequentcontroversyovertheneed andthemoralityofbombingRome. Menwhohaveforgottenthepasthave pointedoutthatnocapitalinEurope hasbeenspared,buttheHolyFather answers:"Romebelongstothewhole world,thewholeChristianfaith."It issheerintellectualdishonestyorignorancewhichfailstorecognisethat Romeisnotjustanothercity,not justthecapitalofItaly,butinaniche apart,unique.Ifthemenofto-day arenot'stirredbythememoryoftwo thousandyearsofimperishableChristianhistorywhichhaspivotedaround

Rome,atleasttheymightpauseto reflectthateverinthesecularsphere RomeisthecradleofWesternman. ButtheChristianfaithandtradition arenotsodeadasthenewspapers wouldleadustobelieve,andthere arethousandsofmen'onbothsides (andamongthebravest)andhundredsofmillionsthroughoutthe world,towhomRomeisinexpressibly holy,anditswantondestruction wouldbetothemnothingshortof sacrilegeandbarbarism.

AdmittedlytheAllieshavetaken everyconceivableprecaution,andPresidentRooseveltandMr.Hullhave recentlydeclaredthattheywillcontinuetodoso.Romewasdeclared an"opencity"beforeMussolini's downfall,butitsoccupationbythe Germanarmyhasimmenselyincreasedtheproblem.Yet,astheformer ArchbishopofCanterburyrecently suggested,evenatemporarymilitary advantagemightwellbesacrificedif necessaryinordertoavoidirreparable losstocivilisationandreligion.CertAinlynocontributionismadetothe controversyifitisregardedmerely intermsof"historicmonuments"and humanlives.Itmustberemembered thatVaticanCityandmanychurches andotherbuildingsthroughoutRome areneutralterritory,andifthesovereignrightsoftheVaticanaretobe violatedforreasonsofstrategicconvenience,wewouldseemtohaveendorsedthecardinalprincipleofour enemy'sphilosophy.WehavecertainlynotadoptedsuchaMachiavellianattitudeinregardtoTurkey, SpainorEire,andisthesovereignty oftheVaticanStateoflessimport thantheirs?

Thereisnomerequestioneitherof preservinghistoric'monumentsinthe senseofantiquitiesgenerally.For theshrinesofRomesymbolisealivingfaithandasecredtradition.Nor hasityetbeenshownthattoavoid thedestructionofRomewillinvolve anincreasedsacrificeoflife,whileit iscertainthatatotalattackwould takeanenormoustollofcivilianpopulation.Ifboththeseconsiderations aretobesetasideinthenameofmilitarynecessity,there!wouldbelittle tochoosebetweenourmethodsand ourenemies,andweshouldhave givenapprovaltothemoralityof totalwar.WhichGodforbid!

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aWHILE

TheMayorhadresignedhisoffice owingtoill-health.

Afewdayslaterherushedintothe editor'sofficeofthelocalnewspaper.

"Whatthedevild'youmeanbyit?" heshouted.

"Bywhat,mydearsir?I'mafraid Idon'tfollowyou."

"No?Well,youknowI'veresigned?"

"Yes,andInotifieditinourlast issue,"

That'sthetrouble,"roaredtheirate ex-Mayor"Whyinheaven'sname didyouputitundertheheadingof 'TownImprovements?'"

"Theworldisaverysmallplace," saidthebore,ashetookhisseatinthe smoking-roomofthevillageinn."Now, listentothis:

"LastyearinParisImetaman wholivesinthesamestreetasIdo. LateronImethiminVenice,thenin Rome,againinAlexandria,and,finally,IcrossedtheChannelyithhim onthewayhome.Nowwhatdoyou thinkofthat?"

"Well,"saidthefed-uplistenerin thecorner,"whydidn'tyoupayhim whatyouowedhiminthefirstplace?"

* * * *

Theschoolteacherwastakinga classinlocalgeography.

"Now,boys,"saidhe,"canyouname anyofthechiefproductsoftheMidlands?"

"Hardware,sir,"saidBobby,asthe teacherpointedtohim.

"Quitecorrect,"repliedtheteacher; then,turningsharplytoaboyinthe frontrowhesaid:"Whatishardware,David?"

"Corduroytrousers,.sir,"wasthe promptreply.

* * * *

"H'm-anotherScotwonagolftournament."

Wonderhowitisthey'resosuccessfulatthegame?" that'seasy.It'ssoideally suitedtotheirnationalcharacter."

"How?"

"Why-itcomesnaturallytothem torealisethatthefewertimesthey striketheballthelongeritwilllast!"

* * *

"Haveyousomenicepork?"

"Pork,madam?I'vegotsomepork herethatwillmakebetterchicken saladthananyvealmoneycanbuy." * * *

DearOldThing:"Iwant5s.onthe favourite,please."

Bookie:"Doyouwanttobackit bothways,ma'am?"

DearOldThing:"Oh,Ididn'tknow theyranthereandbackagain!"

Mrs.Noowed:"IfIwereyou,dear, Ishouldnothavefish.I'vebeen toldto-daythatanumberofpeople havebeenpoisonedwithit."

Mr.Noowed:"Whotoldyouthat tale?"

Mrs,.Noowed:"Thebutcher." * *

Willis:"Itookupgolftoreduce myweight."

Gillis:"Didyousucceed?"

Willis:"No,butIreducedmybankingaccount,myhoursattheoffice, andmyreputationforveracity."

* * * *

Threetailorsestablishedthemselves inthesamestreetinLiverpool.The firstwroteonhissign:

"Thebesttailorinthistown."

Thesecondadoptedashismotto: "Thebesttailorintheworld."

Butthethird,whowasthesmartest ofthelot,gotawaywiththemallby puttingonhissign: ''''Thebesttailorinthisstreet."

* * * *

AScotsmanandanEnglishman wereindulginginanargumentabout theirrespectivecountries.

"Well,afterall,"saidthelatterat last,"thereisverylittledifferencebetweentheEnglishmanandtheScotsman."

"Perhapsyouareright,"repliedthe Scot,"butthankheavenFr'rzAedifferen,e."

* * * *

"That'sMrs.Wippleton.I'veheard she'shadherfacelifted."

"Hasshe?Well,theliftmusthave beenoutoforder!"

"Doesyourwifeeverpayyouany compliments?"

"Onlyinthewinter."

"Inthewinter?Howdoyou mean?"

"Whenthefiregetslow,shesays 'Alexander,thegrate!'"

* * * *

Theyhadbeenmarriedjustfive yearsanditwasherusualcustomto makeherhubbyacake.

"George,mydear,"shesaid,"this isouranniversary,andI'vebakeda fruitcakefortea,"

Herhusbandputdownhispaper andtookoffhisspectacles.Itwas easytoseethathewaspreparingto makeaspeech.Heclearedhis throat.

"Howthoughtfulofyou,mydear!" hereplied."Ihavealwayslooked backonthepreviouscakesasmilestonesinourlife."

* *

TheScotwantedtobuyacar.His wifelikedthelookofatwo-seater.

Scot:"Atwo-seater!Andwhere isthefriendtositwhocomeswithus tobuythepetrol?" * *

Thefranticfemalebargedintothe editorialsanctumanddemanded:

"Idiot,whatdoyoumeanbythis?"

Thenshethrustapaperunderthe officialnoseandpointedviolentlyto theoffendingparagraph,whichread: "Mr's.Thumpa,inanendeavourto assistherplaywrighthusband.improvisesincidentalmusicohi the piano.Whilesheplayshewrithes."

* * * *

He:"Iwonderwhatthemeaning ofthatoilpaintingis? Theyouth andthemaidenareinatenderattitude."

She:"Oh,don'tyousee?Hehas justaskedhertomarryhim,andshe isacceptinghim."

He:"Ah!thetitleisappropriate."

She:"Idon'tseeit!"

He:"Whythatcardatthebottom says`Spld'!"

* * * *

"Mothersayscanshehaveapound ofbutterandsomesugarontrusttill fathercameshome,"saidthelittle girlinthegrocer'sshop.

"Andwhydoesn'tyourmother comeherself?"askedthegrocer,suspiciously.

"Oh,"saidthechild,fullofinnocence,"mother'stryinganother shop,"

* * * *

Ahammer-throwerexplainedtoa doctoroverthetelephonethatwhile hewaspractisingwithhishammer onapieceofsparegroundthehammerbroke,andhehadaccidently struckhismother-in-law,whowas visitinghim.

"Oh,that'sserious,"saidthedoctor."IIIbeoverrightaway.What areyoudoingabouttheaccident meantime?"

"It'sallright,"repliedthehammer-thrower."IhaveanextrahammerandI'mpractisingwiththat!"

* *

Ayoungflourmillerandhissweetheartwerestrollingaboutinachurchyardandadmiringallthedifferent flowers.

"Willyouputalittlefloweron mygravewhenIdie?"riskedhis sweetheart.

"Iwill,"saidtheflourmiller."I'll putawholesackful."

* * * *

Shewasapainterinwater-colours andveryproudofherwork;alsoher complexionwastheenvyofheracquaintances.

Ataparty,onenightshesatnext toashy,awkwardyoungman,Who cudgelledhisbrainstofindsomethingtosay. Shetriedtoopenconversationwith him-Withbecomingmodestyshe said:"Iexpectyouhaveheardthat Ipaint?"

"Yes,"herepliedgallantly,lool:ng atherface."ButIdon'tbelieve it!"

* * *

"Whatdoyouthinkofmynew hat?Iearneditformyself."

"Howwasthat?"

"Itrainedmyhusbandnotto smoke"

poem.IampublishingitintheCorner,andIthinkitisverygood,althoughthelastlineisnotquiteup tothestandardoftherest.Asthis isyourJunioryear,youwillhave quitealotofstudytodo,butIhope youwillhavetimetofillthetwo prickcardsIhavesentyou.Iwill asktheBitshiestosayalittleprayer forthesuccessofyourexam.,and particularlytheEnglish,shallI?You haveagoodchoicethere,anyway, Shirley,forEnglishisasubjectthat remainsinterestinglongafteryou haveleftschool,Letmeseesome moreofyoureffortswhenyounext write, AUNTBESSY.

ANAUSTRALIANB171111-DAY.

Tllf

anofferingtoOurLadytograntmy intention,and5s.asanofferingfora Massforallfallenservicemenwho havenoonetoprayforthem.

MOTHEROFTWOSERVICEMEN.

DearMotherofTwoServicemen,MayOurLadygrantyourintention, andmaythekeepyoursonsfrom harm.Wecanonlypraytothat end,but,toquoteTennysonabeauti _fullines:

"Morethingsarewroughtbyprayer

Thanthisworlddreamsof." The5s.hasbeenpassedonforthe Mass,andtheremustbemanygrata fulsoulsinPurgatory.

AUNTBESSY. a a a

92NorthBeach-road,Mt.Hawthorn.

Bushies'Corner

Dearcornerites.-Eastertimeisn't soveryfarawaynow,isit,andIhope youwillbeabletofeel,onEaster Sunday,thatLentwasindeedtheseasonofself-denialforyou.

Wehavearatherimportantfeast dayonthe31st.ItistheSevenSorrowsofDui*Lady.Cananyofthe CorneritestellmewhattheSevenSorrowswere?Well,incaseyouaren't quitesure,Iwillwritethemdown foryou,andyoucanlearnthemby heart.Theyare:

1.TheprophecyofHolySimeon.

"TherewasamannamedSimeon,and hewasjustanddevout;andhesaid untoMary:'Thineownsoulalsoa swordshallpierce.'" 2.Theflight inEgypt."Arise,andtakethe ChildandHisMotherandflyinto Egypt;andbethereuntilIshalltell thee." 3.ThethreedaysdisappearanceoftheBoyJesus."Son,why hastThoudonesotous?Behold,thyfatherandIhavesoughttheesorrowing...4.ThepainfulprogresstoCalvary."AndbearingHisowncross Hewentforth.Andtherefollowed Himagreatmultitudeofpeople,and ofwomenwhobewailedandlamented Him. 5.TheCrucifixion "And whentheywerecometotheplace whichiscalledCalvary,theycrucified Himthere.Nowtherestoodbythe CrossofJesusHisMother,"6.The takingdownfromtheCross."Joseph ofArimathaeabeggedthebodyof Jesus.Andtakingitdownfromthe CrossHisMotherreceiveditinher arms."7.Theentombment."Whata sadnessofheartwasthine,0Mother ofSorrows,whenJosephwrappedHim infinelinenandlaidHiminthe sepulchre."

Wecanhardlyrealisehowdeep musthavebeenOurLady'ssorrow. Wemustalltrytobegoodsothat wedonotincreasehersorrow,for everylittlewrongactionwedohurts OurLadydeeply.

* *

AUNTBESSY.

Armadale.

DearAuntBess.,-Enclosedplease findf2lOsfortheBushies,inhon.,urofSt.AnthonyandSt.Anne, Wishingyouabigvictoryinthecomingyear.

THANKFUL.

DearThankful,-Well,youheadthe listthisweekwithyourdonation.I thinkweshallhaveeveryopportunityofaccomplishingouraimifevery weekisasfruitfulasthis,thanksto friendslikeyourself.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

Bunbury.

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindenclosedpostalnotefor£1,foraspecial

LemonadeBottle

ACKNOWLEDGEDWITHTHANKS s.d. Thankful 2100

AParishionerofQueen'sPark 100

St.JohnVianneyStudy

Group 100

AFriend 100

MotherofTwoServicemen 50

FrankRyan 26

favourreceivedthroughSt.Anthony. Wishingyoueverysuccess. D.C.

DearD..C,-Thankyousomuch foryourpostalnote,andyourgood wishes,oneaswelcomeastheother. St.Anthonyisafavouriteofmine also.Mayhecontinuetohelpyou inyourneed. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Tenshillings,in honouroftheSacredHeart,Our BlessedLadyandSt.Joseph.From APARISHIONEROFQUEEN'S PARK.

DearParishiqneeofQueen'sPark,Onceagainmyoldfriendsspringto thefore.WhenIthinkofthetroubledworldaroundus,itcompensates irealittlet2iknowthatthereare stillsomefolkintheworldwhohave theirlittleideals,andliveuptothem. TheBushies'Causeisalmostnegligiblewhen()the;thingsareconsidered, outitisoneofthetinybeginnings fromwhichgreatthingsspring. AUNTBESSY.

*. * NewNorcia.

DearAuntBessy,-Ihopeyouare wellandhappy-Willyousendme twoprickcards,please?Iforgotto askyouwhenIsentmycardback.I gotoSt.Gertrude'sCollege.Iam eightnowandIwillbeninethisyear. IaminIIIClassnow.Wehavea catanditsnameisPat,andwehave adognamedPunch.Ihaveto closenow.Withlovefrom LAUREL.

DearLaurel,-Goodnessme,whata lotofprickcardsIhavetopost thisweek,Perhapsyou'dbetterread FrankRyan'sletterandseeifyou'd liketoenterthelittlecompetition, too.I'mgladtohearaboutPatand Punch.Dotheyfightatall?Ihave twopets,acatnamedSnodgrassand achickennamedGuissie.Iamsorry tosaytheyarenotthebestof friends.Snodgrasssayehelikes chickens,but,unfortunately,he meansthathelikesthemcookedand onadish,andGussiewon'tagreeto thatatall.Idon'tblamehim,do you?Thankyouforallthekisses. TherearesomanythatI'msureyou won'tmindifIsharethemwiththe Bushies. AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sConvent,Fremantle.

DearAuntBesty,-Asthisis'my firstlettertoyou,Imustintroduce myself.MynameisShirleyAntonio, myhomeisnearNortham,butIam boardingatSt.Joseph'sinFremantle andloveit.ThisyearIamtaking myJuniorexamination,sowillyou sayalittleprayerformysuccess, please?Pleasesendmetwoprick cards,whichIshalltrytofill.I readtheBushies'Cornerin"TheRecord"everyweekandwouldliketo beamember.Englishismyfavouritesubject,andIamsendingyoua littlepoemwhichyoumightlikefor yourCorner. Imustclosenow, \untRessy.Withlovetoyouand alltheCornerites.

SHIRLEYANTONIO.

DearShirley,-Iwaspleasedtoreceiveyourletter,andalsoyourlittle

Thedawnsogentlycreeping, Showsusthebush-landstill; Eastwardthesunispeeping O'ercrestsofdistanthill. Thekookaburra'smerrylaugh Repeatshismorningsong; Whileinthemightyforest Bell-birdstheirnotesprolong.

Ahush-thehotnoon-tideiscrome; Bushbirds-bothfriendsandfoes Alike,seekshelterfromthesun, Wherecoolthe'streamletflows, Andnow,whenhomewardpathswe wend 'TisGodalonewethank, ForourAustralianbushlandjoys, Thefirstofabrightrank.

Perth.

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindenclosed10s.fortheBushies.With bestwishesfromSt.JohnVianney StudpGroup, DearS.J.V.S.G.,-Ithankyouon behalfoftheBushiesforyourdonationandyourgoodwishes.TheLemonadeBottle,onthenotverymeritoriousprinciplethat"themoments ofgreatestcontentarethoseofphysicalrepletion,"islookingforwardto experiencinggreatcontentmentinthe nearfuture.

AUNTBESSY.

DearFriend,-Youcreptinwith yourdonationasquietlyasamouse, andtherebyhangsatale.Yes,atale tothetuneoftenshillings.Thank yousomuch,Iamsureyouwillbe rewardedforyourgenerosity.

AUNTBESSY,

DearAuntBessy,-Pletsefindenclosedapostalnotefor10s. Five shillingstotheLemonadeBottleas

DearAuntBessy,-Ihopeyouare *ell;Iamthesame.Iamsending apostalnotefor2/6andwouldhie anotherprickcard,please.Iama bitlatesendingthisonein-Imust closenow.

FRANKRYAN.

DearFrank,-Ireceivedyourpostal note"allserene,"astheysayinthe pictures.Don'tworryaboutbeing alittlelateinsendingyourcardinmuchbetterlatethannever,you know.I'vepostedyourprickcard toyou,andthathasmademethink ofalittlecompetition.Perhapsyou wouldliketohavearacewithBerne, detteThompsontoseewhocanfilla cardfirst.Ipostedthecardstogether,soyou'restartingscratch. AnywayI'llbeeagerlywatchingthe mailbagtoseewho'llbethevictor.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

NewNorcia.

DearAuntBessy,-Willyouplease sendmeaprickcard?Iamenclosingsomestamps.Ihopeyouand theBushiesarewell.Thisismy firstlettertoyou.

BERNADETTETHOMPSON.

DearBernadette,-Welcometothe Corner.Ihopeyouwillwritetome oftennow,Thankyouforthe stamps.Ihavepostedyourprick cardtoyou,andIhopeyouhaveno difficultyinfillingit.Seeingitis.for suchagoodcause,Idonotthink anyonewillrefusetospareyoua penny.Perhapsybu'lliketoenter intoalittlecompetitionwithFrank RyantoseewhoisthebetteratbeggingpenniesfortheBusbies.Ihope youwill,becauseI'msureFrank wouldlikeit.

AUNTBESSY.

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(ContinuedfromFrontCover.) neighbourthroughoutthelengthand breadthofIrelandthegenerosityand thehospitalityoftheIrishhasbeen proverbial.FortheloveofChristin theirneighbourtheyhaveforcenturies lefthomeandkindredtobringtothe NewWorldandtousthefaiththat Patricktaught.Buttheybrought withthemtoo,morebeautifuland moreconsolingthanalltheirother gifts,Patrick'sownloveforthe MotherofGod.

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STAR&GARTERHOTEL, Cnr.HANNAN&NETHERCOTTSTS.,KALGOORLIE. BERTSTARR Proprietor.

'Phone13. BoxI2 AUSTRALIAHOTEL, KALGOORLIE.

C.T.A.andR.A.C.HOUSE. OneMinutefromSt..Mary's Church. HotandColdWaterinHotel Bathrooms. RefrigerationThroughout. OnlyLock-UpGaragesinthe CentreofTown. M.J.DILLON,licensee.

KEOUGH'SforCATERING

FirstClass Accommodation.

M.CRANLEY,Proprietor.

FREEMASONSHOTEL, TOODYAY. ExcellentCuisine. AmaticeRefrigeratorInstalled. OldandNewFriendsare CordiallyWelcomed. MRS.E.WING,Proprietress.

HOTEL PERTH. JACKEDDINGTON, Proprietor.

EXCELLENT ACCOMMODATION.

STAN.O'BRIEN, COURTHOTEL PERTH. 'Phone:B4261.

HOTELBEACONSFIELD,

SUBIACO