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TeL B7988 SEVENTIETH YEAR
PRIOR THRZIPINOZ,
PRE= WEDNESDAY, DICZNBIR 1, 1943.
NO. 3,10i.
Salazar
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Sizes Up the Veto Order
Twentieth century man not yet capable of solving world problems by world organisations National . . . Free and Independent Entities Best Basis of Co -Operation
Three Tendencies to be Feared in Setting World Right .
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tively declared that this order must be accepted willingly or by force. Hence we, too, in any case, are concerned in delivered on April 27, has now reached us, and we give below his remarkable the matter. analysis of the New Order which' we Factors That Will Determine New are promised in the post-war world. Order. in Perhaps the most interesting point Life to -morrow, in many of its asdeis Salazar's this masterly analysis pects, will not depend on who wins the claration of his faith in national, free victory, and civilisation will be susand independent entities as the best tained by ideas which are already alive basis for organisation, and for the solu- everywhere, in the midst and in spite tion of world problems. While recog- of the conflict, and are producing their nising the interdependence and fellow- own atmosphere in every country in ship of States he considers that twen- Europe and America. Nevertheless it tieth century man is not yet capable is certain that the procedure and perof resolving such problems by means of haps even some of the solutions will supra-national, continental or world depend on the victors and on the reforms of organisation. lative state of their forces at the end Being out of the conflict, we might of the war. For this reason, perhapF, unand because the war unfortunately ourselves quite naturally consider affected by the result of the war, Dr. threatens to be a long one, neither side Salazar said. This cannot be so since has gone beyond making vague statethe non-combatant countries are in the ments which, from prudence or from inThe reason for herent difficulties, leave somedof the war like the others. essential points unanswered, Thus is t, be found in the widespread cogveninature of the conflict, in the fact of even if it were legitimate and the inin ent to do so one would not be able to and international solidarity tention of the principal leaders to im- enter into any discussion. prove the occasion by reforming the Three Tendencies to be Feared. world. For my part, perhaps unjustifiably, I the Reforming the world means simply fear three particular tendencies in to lay down some rules of life for the scheme for setting right the world-the peoples of the world and to develop desire for an ideal state of affairs, givthe social and political ideals likely to im- ing an unreal value to aspirations; prove the life of men and to promote rut of war in the habit of a collectivised life; the predominance of economic 1 the progress and well-being of nations. considerations, that is, the subordinaA new order is awaited, but only the result of the war will determine who tion of all solutions to the economic authoritaexigencies which would make civilisaIt has been is to define it. The full text of the speech which lir. Salazar, the Portuguese Premier,
For, Value
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tion lose the charm and value which humanity has put into it, and would revolutionise the world without bringing peace.
Whatever form these plans may take, they will rest on two basic problemsorder and international collaboration. With the exception of Communism, which will continue to be a factor of disorder, the immediate concern of all will be to see that order is maintained where it still exists and is re-established where it has been destroyed. The problem is all the greater and more serious on account of the hatred, the trail of violence, destitution and other results of the war, and no sensible direction of events may challenge the internal organisation of any State 'which is in itself a guarantee of order. Only Communism in my opinion is the greatest human problem of all times, I mean that it is a problem of the basic concepts of humanity and of individual and social life, and therefore a matter of the gravest risk to Western or Christian civilisation. Extinction of Liberty. It is probable that no concept of life has ever before exhausted itself so completely in the course of a social experiment. Never before, it seems, have science, technology, and organisation been substituted for that human and spontaneous initiative that makes for the sweetness, richness and attraction of other interpretations of what life and man represent. It has been shown that so-called material progress-military power, marvellous machines and industrial plants-may co-exist with the diminution and extinction of free Where the State and the Mawill. chine absorb man, there is no room It is doubtleft for human liberty. ful whether these essential aspects of the question can ever be forgotten-no
matter what fellowships war may ink pose. World Not Ready For Supra-National
Organisation. What will be the foundation for that close co-operation between nations which everyone now regards as an essential condition of peace and of future well-being? The answer is of great interest to us as our economic and political nationalism may, on that account, be found outside the general lines of war reorganisation, with a corresponding need for future adjustments. The fact that wars arise from conflicts betvieen countries-and now intercontinental aspects are becoming apparent -leads many, very naturally, to seek the remedy for such great ills in supranational, continental or world forms of organisation. It is not in accordance with my views, nor is it the principle of our Revolution, to deny the interdependence and fellowship between States nor the need for a formula for international organisation of labour which should settle problems in common and determine what co-operation Should be rendered I merely state my sincere conviction that twentieth century man is not yet capable of seeing or solving world problems except through national, free and independent entities. People of exalted imagination, arm-. chair politicians engrossed in abstract solutions and unconcerned with the many realities bound up with the life of peoples, will maintain the view that Neversomething better is possible. theless, prudent persons will agree that solid, still the most is a national basis the easiest and safest on which peoples can co-operate for their mutual wellbeing. (Continued on Page 13.)
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