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EVENTS PRIOR TO MUSSOLINI'S DOWNFALL cision, They had had no time to make up a plan of their own. Then Hitler flew back to Germany, and Mussolini took the night train back to Rome. While Mussolini had been away, Rome had been bombed. When he arrived at his office on the morning of the 20th, it was not a good day to bring up the questioning of abandoning to the enemy Rome itself, and more than half of Italy. He delayed bringing up the matter until the 28th, with the results
(Continued from Front Cover.) tainous and a good line to defend. Unless the Allies first march through the Balkans, or in south France and the Riviera, the proposed line could not be turned. The Allies would have to attack it from the front, under conditions which would give the Axis more than a fighting chance to win. The alternatives are very difficult operations. The German plan is militarily sound. The generals at Verona were joined on the morning of the 19th. by Mussolini, who had come up on the night
Late of JOHN DYNON 6 CO.
Intellectual Aspect of the Revival Typified in Ozanam (Continued from Page 13.)
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FREDERIC OZANANL Fur they had been challenged to "show
their works.' "Faith without works is dead;" "by their works you shall know
them." So was born the St. Vincent de Paul Society. Back to Lyons in 1836, and professing Commercial Law, at the same time founding a Conference of the St. Vincent de Paul Society and doing all in his power for the Society for the Propagation of the Faith. (How God blesses those who help the Foreign Missions! We see it over and over again in the history of individuals and nations and Orders. Missionary activity seems a very fair index of the health of the Church in any age. God will not be outdone in generosity. I know that we Australian Jesuits are anxiously awaiting the day when, like the larger Provinces, we shall have our own foreign mission.) In 1837 his father died, and his mother shortly after, "a living image of Iloly Church, our other Mother." After a year at Lyons he was chosen to substitute for the ageing Fauriel in the Chair of Foreign Languages at the Sorbonne; to become his successor in 1844, when he was thirty.one. For tewlve years he lectured, courses broken by ill-health. All the time his pur. pose was to show how the Church "saved the human intellect." So open and direct was his service of the truth that had given him peace that one day a cynic scrawled across the door of his lecture-hall, "Cours de Theologie;,' but it was a "theology" of such brilliance that the University authorities, none of whom were Christians, had made him full Professor on Fauriel's death. His lectures were almost as famous as Lacordaire's conferences at Notre Dame-conferences, incidentally, which Osanani had been instrumental in founding.
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Successful, ambitious, most happily married, the young Profesor died on Oar Lady's Birthday, September 8, 1863-not much over forty years old. Great as his work had been, he considered himself just ready to begin the task he had set himself twenty-two years before. He found it hard to relinquish these things: above all he
!nod to be allowed to grow old by the side of his dear wife and daughter, consecrating his life to teaching and to the service of the poor. But God asked more: "Is it myself that You demand' If so, I am ready when you shall call me, I have no right to camplain. If these pages are the last that I write, may they be a hymn of thanks. giving to Your goodness!" Crnd call.
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ed. He went, following Ampere along the ligne perpendiculaire laid down by the Patriarch, What had he done? He had shown the world that a Catholic could be a scholar. His intellectualism did much
to combat the easy emotionalism of the Romantics for whom the Middle Ages were a second Eden and men were angels. His faith did more: it showed them the Rock on which the culture of the Middle Ages was founded and the Source from which it drew its inspiration-the Church. His leadership gave new strength to the Catholics at the University. It is still the inspiration of many young Catholic University men and women-especially in Italy, where we have had outstanding professors like Toniolo and Frassati. In England now we have Dawson and Beales (both converts), in Ireland O'Rahilly, in America Mercier and Allers (refugee from Austria), and Gilson (from France). These men are recognised leaders; and they are layman. There are very few Catholic professors in Australia. What of that other work, the St. Vincent de Paul Society? It is the answer to the challenge, "Show us your works." "What will you seven do to relieve the poverty of Paris?" the Saint-Simonians asked him. "We have our all -embracing plans: you are a handful." Well, the handful has grown; even in Ozanam's lifetime it reached a quarter of the poor of Paris, without distinction of creed. And it had done it in a human way, the way of love: "Help is honourable when it treats the poor man with respect, not merely as an equal but as a superior, since he is suffering what we are perhaps incapable of bearing; since he is the messenger of God to us, sent to try our justice and charity, to save us by our works. Such help is honourable because the hand that you clasp clasps yours in return; because the poor family that you love, loves you in return, and will have largely acquitted themselves towards you when the old man, the poor mother, the little children, shall have prayed for you." Love, the bond of society, the very bond of God and man: that is what Ozanam showed in answer to the challenge-something much more effective than an all -embracing plan, an all embracing love. Love and learning and faith: how different from the spirit of the age, Ozanam laboured to relieve the pov erty he found: for he believed "the poor you shall always have with you." It is a facile optimism that thinks otherwise. But then a new challenge rose: the Church was accused of inventing Charity to dispense itself of the obligation of Justice. What was being done to remove the causes of poverty? What attempt to see that workmen got decent wages and decent conditions-that they should not be treated as mere chattels? In a world largely non-Catholic something more definite was needed than the preosidair of the Gospel. The Spirit of Grist had mitigated and finally overcome slavery; but it had taken centuries to do it Something more immediate was needed, That something. the answer to the final challenge, we And provided by Bishop von Ketteler, whose work was crowned in the W.,,k. ingman's Charter of Leo XIII "Reruns Novarum." (To be Continued.) .
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Do yea finish to help 'dual' a ter work la Weston Aostrallat a regular amend iseatribatioa to help as indigent student.
Mee. 410 Ray Streak Par*