The Record Newspaper 15 September 1943

RevolutionWillNotBringSocialJustice

SolutionofLabourQuestionDemands EvolutionThroughConcord,WarnsPope

FalseProphetsofSocial Prosperity

WorkingClassRemainsBound,Choked andTiedtoStateCapitalism

Evolution,notrevolution,isthesecretofsalvationandofjusticefor workers,theHolyFathertoldavastgatheringofItalianworkingmen andwomengatheredintheVaticanonWhitSunday.VaticanRadiodescribesitas"oneofthegreatestPapalaudienceseverheld,"andestimates that26,000workerswerepresent:theyhadcomefromalloverItalyto offertheHolyFatherthehomageofLabourontheoccasionofhisjubilee.NohalloftheVaticancouldholdthegreatassembly,andasthe CortileofSt.Damaso--sometimesusedforbiggatherings-wastoosmall, flowerbedsandsomepalmtreeswereremovedfromtheimmenseBelvedereCortiletoaccommodatethecrowd.

Threethousandworkersfromoutside Romewereattheaudience.Therewere 300fromMilan,200fromTurin,and smallergroupsrepresentingothercities andtowns-"anotableassemblyin viewofthedifficultiesofwar-time travelling,"saidVaticanRadio.

Agroupof1,000womenworkersoccupiedaplacesetasideforthemnear thePapalthrone.

ThebandofthePalatineGuard playedbeforetheHolyFather'sarrival.

WhenthePopeappearedtherewas adeafeningcheerand,seatedonthe red-drapedthrone,HisHolinesshad towaitforseveralminuteswhilstthe crowdroared"VivaitPapa."

ApplausepunctuatedtheHoly Father'sExpositionoftherightsof theworkers.

InhislongaddressthePopereplied withfeelingtotheaccusation-repeatedbyNazipropagandistssomeweeks ago-thatthePapacyhadbrought aboutthewar.

Theweightofthepresentdifficulties isfeltbythemassoftheworkerswho areburdenedandafflictedmorethan others,butitisnotfeltbythemalone, saidtheHolyFather.

Everyclasshastocarryitsownburden,moreorlesspainfulanddifficult tobearasitmaybe.Itisnotonly

thesocialstatusoftheworkers,men andwomen,whichcallsforreconditioningandreform.Thewholecomplexstructureofsocietyisinneedof adjustment,thoroughlyshakenasitis initsfoundations.Butthelabour question,becauseofthecomplexity andvarietyoftheproblemsitentails, andthevastnumberofpeopleitinvolves,meritsspecialattention.

ThePopesaidthatneitherhenor hispredecessorshadlostanyopportunityofmakingallmenunderstand theworkers'personalandfamilyneeds; proclaimingasfundamentalprerequisitesofsocialjusticethosethingswhich theyhavesomuchatheart.

Howeverlaudablemaybevarious provisionsandconcessionsmadeby publicauthorityandthehumaneand generoussentimentswhichinspire manyemployers,whocouldaffirmwith truththatsuchidealshavebeeneverywhererealised?

Workers'Patience.

Inanycase,workingmenandwomen,consciousoftheirgreatresponsibilitytothecommongood,feeland appreciatetheirdutynottoaggravate theburdensofextraordinarydifficulty underwhichpeoplesaregroaning,by presentingtheirclaims,inthishourof universalandimperiousgrief,ina

noisyandinconsideratefashion,but continuetheirworkandfacethedifficultieswithdisciplineandcalm,thus contributinginvaluablesupporttothe tranquillityandsupportorallinthe socialfamily.

That,however,shouldnotleadanyonetothinkthatallthesequestions aretobeconsideredassolved.

TheChurch,GuardianandTeacher ofTruth,inassertinganddefending courageouslytherightsoftheworking classesonvariousoccasions,andin combatingerror,hashadtoraiseher voiceagainstlettingoneselfbedeludedbythemirageofspeciousand fatuoustheoriesandvisionsoffuture well-being,andagainstthedeceptive enticementsandattractionsoffalse prophetsofsocialprosperitywhocall evilgoodandgoodevilandwho, thoughposingasfriendsofthepeople, donotapprovethosemutualagreementsbetweencapitalandlabour,employerandemployee,whichsustain andpromoteconcordfortheircommon progressandadvantage.

FalseProphets.

Suchfalseprophetswouldhaveus believethatsalvationmustcomefrom arevolution,whichshalloverturnsocialorderandattainanationalcharacter.

Socialrevolutionclaimstogive powerintothehandsoftheworking class-emptywords,mirages,incapable

ofrealisation,Infactweseethatthe workingclassremainsbound,choked andtiedtotheforceofStateCapitalism,whichrestrainsandsubjectsall, notonlythefamily,buteventheconscience,andtransformstheworkers intoagiganticlabourmachine

Liketheothersocialsystemand orderswhichitclaimstofight,itclassifies,regulatesandtransformsallinto abrutalwarmachine,whichdemands notonlybloodandhealth,butalsothe wealthandprosperityofapeople.

Salvationandjusticearenottobe foundinrevolution,butinanevolutionthroughconcord.Violencehas everachievedonlydestruction,notconstruction,theinflamingofpassions,not theirpacification,thestimulationof hateanddestruction,notthereconciliationofthecontendingparties.

Itisonlyaprogressiveandprudent evolutioninconformitywithnature, enlightenedandguidedbytheChristianlawsofjusticeandequity,that canleadtothefulfilmentofthehonourabledesiresandneedsoftheworkers:nottodestroythem,buttobuild andconsolidate,nottoabolishprivate property,thefoundationoffamily stability,buttoworkforitsextension asarewardoftheconscientioustoil ofeveryworkingmanandwoman.

State'sDuty.

Nottogivepreferenceexclusivelyto industry,buttopromoteitsharmoniousmarriagewithhandicraftandagriculture.Nottoaimatamaximum ofprofitfromtheprogressoftechniquebuttoavailoneselfofitsadvantagestomaketheworklessarduousand toconsolidatethebondswhichholda man'sfamilytogetherintheplace wherehedwells,intheworkbywhich helives.Nottoaimatmakingthe livesofindividualsdependentirelyon thewilloftheState,buttosecure ratherthattheState,whosedutyitis topromotethecommongood,by' meansofinstitutions,suchasinsurance andsocialsecuritysocieties,willcon,olidatetheeffortofworkers'associationsandespeciallythoseoffathersand mothersoffamilieswhoareearning alivelihoodforthemselvesandtheir dependantsthroughwork.

ChurchandtheWar.

ThePopewentontospeakofpropaganda,ofanti-religiousorigin,circulatingchieflyamongtheworking classes,whichproclaimsthatthe Churchsupportsthewar.

(ContinuedonBackCover.)

FactorsWhichMadeFortheProtestantRevolt

Calvin'smonstrousdoctrinesgiveProtestantismaform

Wearenowatthepeak,thesummit,theconsummationofCatholicismanditsculture.Thiswasthe gloriousthirteenthcentury,theageof thegreatCatholicUniversities,of MagnaCarta,thecenturyofSt. ThomasAquinasandotherfamous scholastics-theSchool-Men;anageof learning,ortechnicaleducation.The GothicCathedralsarose,themasterpiecesofmedievalCatholiccraftsmen, theirpointedtowersliftingtoGodthe praiseoftheirbuilders.Theageof theGuilds,theJustPrice,theLiving Wage,thedoctrineofthestewardship ofwealth:theAgesofFaith,ofMerrieEngland.

Onewisheswecouldlingerhere,at thesummit,fornowthedeclinebe' gins.Wenextconsidertheseriesof eventswhichledtothegreatdisaster oftheReformation.

Throughtheaffectionanddevotion ofthefaithful,andotherreasons,the Churchgrewrich,itacquiredwealth andgreattemporalpower;worldli' nesscreptin.

TherecameaperiodofFrenchdominance,thePapacyremovedtoAvignon,inFrance,from1307to1377. ThistemporarytransferfromthetraditionalSeeofPeterweakenedthe authorityandprestigeofthePope.

TheBlackDeathragedfrom1348-50. Itcarriedoffathirdoftheadultpopulation,tendedtobreeddespairanda reactionagainstreligion.

LongYearsofReligiousWarfare

Atabout1380thereoccurredthe GreatSchism,whentherewereas manyasthreecontendersforthe Papacy.Ofcourseonlyonewasthe Pope,andasinthecaseoftheAvignontransfer,thedoctrineofinfallibilitywasunimpaired.ButPapalauthoritywasfurtherweakened.

TheHundredYears'War,1338-1453, adynasticstrugglebetweenEngland andFrance,causedmoresufferingand death,morereactionagainstreligion.

Nationalismandnationallanguages wererising.Therewasadeclinein Latin,andtheconceptofaunited Christendomunderthecentralspiritual andmoralauthorityofthePopeand thelaypoweroftheEmperorcrowned tyhim.

TheRenaissancecame,therewasa turningbacktothestudyofpaganism, afermentofideas.

Thedemandforreformwithinthe churchwasinsistentforacenturyand ahalfbeforetheReformation;ademandasstrongasthatto-dayforthe removaloftheinjusticesofcapitalism theparadoxofpovertyinthemidstof plenty.

SothatwhenLutherbegantheReformation,in1517,thematterwasan

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DespitetheCounter-Reformation theTendencytoInfidelityGrows

oecumenicalone,astruggleforinternalreform.TherewaslittleoppositiontoCatholicdoctrines,thepeople wantedthemlived,notpervertedby heresy.

However,thefactorofgreedentered;thelandandwealthoftheChurch werelootedinmanyplaces,andthe lootersbegantoworkforthedestructionoftheChurchlesttheylosetheir gains.

ThegeniusofCalvinburstintothe strugglewithabookpublishedin1536, andbegantosetupacounterChurch.

TheessentialdoctrineofProtestantismisitsdenialofcentralauthority. Everymanistoexaminedoctrinesand documentsforhimself,andformhis ownprivatejudgmentuponthem.The naturalresultisasynthesisofheresies.

Anotherdoctrineisthatofjustificationbyfaithalone;thatoneachieves salvationbyfaithinChrist'sredemptivepower,irrespectiveofone'sactions.

Thedoctrineofpredestinationtaught thatmenwerepre-destinedbyGod tobedamnedorsaved,thattherewas hutonewillintheuniverse,God's,and thatmencctacinotinfluencetheir eternaldestiny.Thiswastodeny freewillandadmitevilintotheDivine Nature.

Thedoctrineof"conversion"followedonfrompredestination.Itasserts thatthesavedarevouchsafedprivate revelations,innerreligiousexperiences, inwhichtheyaremadeawarebyGod thattheyareoftheelect.Thefurtherdogmaofthe"indefectibilityof thesaints"laysitdownthatonce "converted"onecanneverloseGrace orbedeprivedofsalvation.Verycomfortingtothesaints,nodoubt,but extremelydiscouragingtothemassof thedamned

Thesedoctrinesobviouslyprovideno incentivetorightlivingandgood works-Thesavedcannotbedamned andthedamnedcannotbesaved.

Thedoctrineofconversionhasled totheemotionalismofProtestantism, theflightfromreason,"feeling"what isrightbyinneremotionalexperience, ratherthanbyrationalthought. ArnoldLunnhaswittilycalledthis thesystemoffifsorfunnyinternal feelings.

FightingbeganinFrancein1559, andcontinueduntil1599.TheThirty Years'WarinGermanywasfoughtbetween1618and1648.Itbegan throughtheendeavouroftheEmperortorestoreunity,Catholicism, andhisownpowerinhisdominions. Hewassucceedinguntilthegeniusof twomenrosetodefeathim:the FrenchCatholicgeniusofstatesmanshipthatwasRichelieuandtheProtestantmilitarygeniusoftheyoung SwedishKing,GustavusAdolphus. ThegreatCardinalwasdevotedtothe CatholicCause,butpassionatelydevotedalsototheFrenchMonarchy. HefearedFrancewouldbecrushedbetweenthegrowingHapsburgpowerof thermperorintheNorthandthe SpanishHapsburgpowerintheSouth.

HeofferedtheProtestantKingtwo 1,thsofgoldtofighttheCatholicEmperor.Gustavusheldoutforthree subs-andgotthem!Hewonincrediblybrilliantvictoriesandalmost anti,ipatedbytwoandahalfcenturitBismarck'sestablishmentofa unitedProtestantGermanEmpire. Howeverhewaskilledinactionat LutzennearLeipsig,in1632,andthe PeaceofWestphaliabroughtthelong wartoanendin1648.

Inthemeantimethespiritualside oftheCounter-Reformationhaddone muchforCatholicism.TheCouncil orTrenthadbeenheld1545-63;the Popeshadsetaboutthereformof abuses;theFranciscanshadpreach- edmissions:andtheSocietyofJesus hadbeenfoundedbySt.Ignatius,to becomethespearheadoftheCounterReformation,andoneoftheabiding sourcesofthegreatnessoftheChurch.

TheCounter-ReformationsavedCatholicism,butafterthelongreligious warsbothsidesfellbackexhausted inthemiddleofthe17th.century. Thebattlehadbeena!drawnone; h,nceforththereweretobe2opposedcultures;Christendomhadsplitinto twohalves.Privatejudgmentwasto furthersplitProtestantismintoan evergrowingnumberoffragments, "thetwoandseventyjarringsects."

Atthemiddleofthe17th.century theProtestantculturewasweakerin numbers,wealthandpower.Hence- forththepositionwastobegradually reversed.Catholicismwasnaturally moreconservativesProtestantism moresusceptibletoinnovation.It hadthefervourofreligiousrevolu- tion:itwasnew,youthful,vigorous. Ittookbetteradvantageoftherise ofmechanicalpower,thediscoveryof newcountries,andofnewmethodsof communication.

Thefreepeasantdeclinedunder Protestantismbecausehewasno longerprotectedbyCatholiccustoms againstrichlandowners.Thismeant moreefficienttillage,butmenbecame dispossessed.Withthelaterriseof IndustrialCapitalismthemassofmen becametheexploitedproletariat,wage slaves,dependentonthefewwhopos- sessedtheland,thewealthandthe power.

Catholicismhadstoodforcontrol,theGuilds,thejustprice,theliving wage,thestewardshipofwealth.Protestantismstoodforlaissez-faire,no interference,liberty-toexploit.The doctrinesofpredestination,justificationbyfaithalone,thesavedelect,the massofthedamned,werethebasisof thissystem-lednaturallyontosuch monstrousconceptionsastheiron,inexorablelawsofeconomics.

'Thedeclineinreligiousfeelingduringtheeighteenthcenturyandthe riseofscepticismhurttheCatholic culturegreatly,tutProtestantismnot much-asyetCatholicismwasdivided;withitsauthoritativedogmasit naturally whereasquarrelledwiththesceptics, theProtestant,guidedbyprivatejudgment,couldholdwhat viewshechose.Faithwasbreaking down:fromtheAgesofFaithwehave cometotheageofinfidelity.

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CleavageofCulturesintheModernStates...

Protestantism'sAscendancyandDecline CatholicRevivalFromLastCentury

HowtheReformation

DenegratedintoModernism

CATHOLICISM-HopeoftheWorld

TheBritishFleetrosetopower,won greatvictories,becameinvincible,unquestioned.Therewasaconsequent riseinBritishtradeandmanufacturing;EnglandgainedcontrolofIndia; theDominionscameintobeing,Canada,Australia,NewZealand.EnglandlostherAmericancolonies,but theyrapidlydevelopedintotherichestcountryintheworld,andAmerica wasatfirstalmostentirelyofProtestantculture.

ProtestantPrussiarose,gaineddominanceinGermany,createdunderBismarcktheGermanEmpire,became alliedtoProtestantEngland.Prussia defeatedAustria,withEnglandwon theNapoleonicwars.HadNapoleon won,theCatholicculturemighthave beenrestored-tosaveEnglandfrom itself.Butitwasnottobe.France wasroutedbyPrussiain1870.

MeanwhiletheothergreatCatholic nationsandEmpireshaddeclined, Spain,Portugal,Austria,theEmpire, Italy.ThePapalStateshadbeen lost.Irelandhadsufferedpersecutionandfamine,theIrishhadbeen dispossessedoftheirland.

Thiswastheageofthedominance 'ofProtestantsandEnglishculture Englishinstitutionswerecopiedall overtheworld.Theseincludedthe Englishparliamentarysystem,unsuitedtopeopleswithastrongsenseof equality.Modernbankingandusury aroseinEnglandandHolland:the syStemofhugeinternationalloans. Therewasusuryeverywhere;itwas restrictedinCatholiccountries,unrestrictedinProtestant.TheeducationalsysteminEuropegrewmore andmoredivorcedfromreligion, moralsdecay,thenewpagansbeginto appear,thenewservilityarises.CivilisationhadturnedfromtheCatholic Church,wasreturningtothepaganismandslaveryfromwhichtheChurch hadraisedit.Rut,asBellocpoints out,thereisagreatdifferencenetween themangoingupthehilltoCatholicismandthemanslippingbackdown thehilltopaganism.

Theturnofthetidecame,thedeclineinthepoweroftheProtestant culture,thebeginningoftheCatholic recovery.Catholicismbegantoreviveduringthelastcentury,toacquiregreaterinfluenceamongtheuniversities,inthoughtandphilosophy andliterature.ThegreatPopeLeo XIIIwrotehisencyclicals,including theepoch-making"RerttmNovarum" (theconditionoftheworkingclasses) CardinalMercierwasanoutstanding figure.TherewasarevivalofinterestinSt.ThomasAquinas;Louvain University,inBelgium,begantoradiateCatholicintellectualenergy throughoutWesternEurope.The Papacyhasgrowninprestigeand moralauthority.PiusXI,thePope ofCatholicAction,followed"Rerum Novarium"with "Quadragesim:, Anno"(fortyyearsafter).

Thereweregreatconverts,thephilosophers,MaritainandBergson;Chesterton.TherecametheCatholicliteraryrevival,Chesterton,Belloc,Ronald Knox.ChristopherDawson,ChristopherHollis,andothers.TheIrishrecoveredtheirland.Salazar'sPortugal hasappeared,pointingthewaytoth thetrueNewOrder,basedonthe PapalSocialEncyclicalsandCatholic doctrine.

ButmoreimportantthantheCatholicrevivalhasbeenthedeclineinthe Protestantreligionfromwithin;the

declineoftheProtestantcultureis merelytheexternalmanifestationof thatinwarddecay.Ithasbecome auto-toxic,self-poisoning.Whatare thereasons?Firstly,theBible.Protestantismbeganinaspiritofsceptical enquiry.Itdeniedtheauthorityof theChurch.Itsaidthateveryman mustexaminedoctrinesanddocumentsforhimself.Illogicallyittook theCatholicdoctrineoftheinspiration oftheScripturesandusedtheBible againsttheChurch.TheBiblebecameall-important,almostanobject ofworship.ButtheProtestantsocalledHigherCriticstooktheBible intheProtestantspiritofscepticalenquiry.Fromalmostworshippingthe textasthewordofGod,theycame todoubtalmosteverythinginit-Gospels,miracles,prophecies.When theyhadfinishedwiththeBibleProtestantismwasamassofruins.The Protestantsectsmultiplydaily.PrivatejudgmenthasbrokenProtestantismintoamyriadfragments,crank sects,Jehovah'sWitnesses,Christian Science,FatherDevine,andsoon.IndividualProtestants,ofwhomDr. Angusisanoutstandingexample,have deniedordoubtedpracticallyevery Christiandoctrine.

Insocialeconomics,too,Protestantismhastendedtodestroythepeasantry,theCatholic,controlledeconomy.Itproducedmodernindustrial capitalism,modernusuriousbanking, cripplingloans,internalandinternational,unrestrainedcompetitionand exploitation.Thesethingsmadethe Protestantnationsrichandpowerful, theirdominancewasbasedonthem. Buttheybredvastsocialevils,povertyinthemidstofplenty,adispossessed,insecureproletariatnumberingmanymillionswhobecamedeterminedtoendtheseevils.TheProtestantdoctrineofman'ssulf-sufficiencyinclinedtowardintensenationalism,worshipofone'sownnation,a formofself-worship.Buttheselfworshippingnationstendedtoquarrel witheachother;eachtobelieveitself thesuperiorrace;withtheurgetotry toproveit.ThelastGreatWarwas aturningpoint;itlargelyshattered thestatusquo.Capitalism,whereit hassurvived,isprecariouslypropped upbyeverysortofdevice.Devices suchastheBeveridgePlanwhich, thoughgoodtoadegree,arenotsufficientlyfundamental.Whatisneededistherestorationofpropertyto thepeople,ownership,independence, truefreedomfunctionalgovernment. TheCatholicReligion,itssocial,moral andotherteaching,isnecessary.

TheProtestantattackhasproduced andmergedintotheModernAttack.

ItisthefruitoftheReformation,in essenceatheistic,materialistic,rationistic.Itdeniestheexistenceof God,assertsthatHeisafigmentof man'simagination,thatmanissufficienttohimself,thatprayerismereselfsuggestion.ItwoulddestroytheCatholicChurchinitsveryfoundations. AtheismandAgnosticism,tormerly confinedtoafewintellectuals,have reachedthemasses.Itismaterialistic initsapproachtosocialproblemsand theirsolution;Communismistheoutstandingexampleofthis.Thereis servilityandnearslaveryinman'ssubserviencetocapitalismandtothe State-asinRussiaandtheother totalitarianStates.Thismodernattackalternatelydeifiesanddecries reason,atonemomentrefusingtoac-

cepttheinfiniteGodbecauseHeis abovetheirfinitecomprehension;the nextrefusingtoaccepttherational proofsofHisexistence.

Whereinliesthehopeoftheworld?

Asalways,intheCatholicChurch, thesameyesterday,today,andforever.WemustlearntoknowourCatholicdoctrinebetterthanwedo,be abletogivereasonsforthefaiththat inus.Aboveall,wemustliveCatholicism,proveittobeawayoflife, theincomparablybestway;likeits DivineFounderandMaster,theway, thetruthandthelife.Communists saythatreligionistheopiumofthe people,aninstrumentofexploitation. Wemustdisprovethat,showthatit isthehopeofthepeople,thattheCatholicChurchisonthesideofthe people.OurattitudetoCommunism, rapidlybecomingourrealandonlyopponent,musthelessnegativeanddestructive,muchmorepositiveandconstructive.Wemustbelesskeento showCommunismwrong,morekeen toshowCatholicismright.Wemust learnCatholicsocialdoctrines.the

greatsocialencyclicals,theBishops' Statements,PatternforPeace;must striveforSocialJusticewithmightand main,torestoreallthingsinChrist. WemustleadexemplaryCatholic lives,beanexampletoallmen.We havethetruth,wemustliveitand giveittoall,thatthetruthshallmake themfree.Wemustovercomeunbelief,despair,materialism,class-hatred, restoreagainanageoffaith,andhope, andcharity.

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Conditionsofan"excathedra"statement

LastweekIremindedvariousreligiousleadersandpoliticiansofthis chroniumageinwhichwelivethatthe verychargelevelledagainstChristby theircounterpartsnineteenhundred yearsagowasoneofsectarianism. Christspokethetruth,andithurt: itstungthemintocampaignsofvilificationagainstHiminpublicandinprivate,theyabusedandcajoledHimby turns,theytriedtobaitHimwithtrick questions,startedwhisperingcampaignsagainstHim,andfinallychargedHimwithdisloyaltytotheKing. Andthepeopleinthehysteriaofdi, momenttookuptheircry,thinkingthat iftheysilencedthevoiceofChristHis doctrineswoulddiewithHim.

Theman-in-the-streetofChrist'sown dayneverpausedtocompareHisdoctrinewiththeteachingofthepoliticalmindedclergyofthetime.Thatwas thetragedyofit,forwhatdidthey havetooffer?Theirfutiledoctrines, sofullofcontradictions,onlymadea parodyofreligion.Menlongsince hadbeguntolosefaithintheirreligiousleaders,andhadbeguntofollow Christintheirthousandsuntilthedetermined,lyingpropagandaofthevestedhypocriteswhoopposedHimbegan topoisontheirmindsagainstHimand againstHisteaching.Itwashardlya reasonedverdictofthepeoplewhen theyrejectedHimasasectarianimposter.Thecharges,strangelyenough, werelevelledagainsttheManHimselfandHisclaims,ratherthanagainst thedoctrinesthatHetaught.What seemedtoaggravateeverybodyatthe finishwasthefactthatHeclaimedto speakwithDivineauthority,thatHe

claimedtobeinfallible,thatHisteachingwastheonlytrueteaching,and thatunlessmenwerebaptisedinto HisChurchtheywouldnotbesaved.

AndjustasmenreactedtoChrist andtoHisteachingthen,soalsohave theyreactedtoHisChurchandtoits teachingthroughouttheyearsthat havepassedsincethen.Thesame charges,thesamestubbornopposition, butstilltheChurchChristfoundedcontinueson-likeagreatbattleship ploughingasteadyprogressthroughall kindsofweather,sometimesfair,somet'mesroughanlistormy,brushingaside theoppositionofsmallercraftwho mightleaveHerscarredfromtimeto time,butstillundaunted,andthere,in HerwakeasSheforgeson,liethedisintegratinghulksoftheshipsthathad on,eopposedHer.

Itseemsthatmenwillneverrealise thatneitheremperorsnorpoliticalregimes,neitherpen,norsword-normicrophone-havebeenabletocrushthe ChurchwhichGodHimselffounded whenonearthasaManamongstus. PitythattheNerosandtheWilliam Cecils,andtheBismarksandthe Leninsofeveryagedidnotheedthe wordsofGamalieltotheCouncilof PhariseesinJerusalemwhentheApostleswerefirstbroughttotrialwithina yearorsoofChrist'sdeath.Said Gamaliel:Andnow,therefore,Isayto you,refrainfromthesemen,andlet themalone:forifthiscounselorthis workbeofmen,itwillcometonought. ButifitbeofGod,youcannotoverthrowit:lestperhapsyoubefound eventofightagainstGod.Andthey agreedwithhim.(Acts5,38-9.)

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PARTNERS:WALLACEA.H.GREEN&GEORGEB.COCKERILL.

SowhyworryabouttheCatholic Church?IfitisnotofGod,itwill cometonoughtintime.Butifitis ofGodyoucannotoverthrowit,for you'llfindyourselffightingagainst GodHimself.Remember,IlepromisedtheApostlesthateventhegatesof hellwouldnotprevailagainstHis Church.Norhavethey norwill they.

Ioftenthinkmyselfthatthething abouttheCatholicChurchwhichmost appealsbothtoCatholicsandtononCatholicswhoadmireHer,andwhich mostexasperatesnon-CatholicswhodetestHer,isthecertaintyandconvictionwhichradiatefromHer.Every- thingissodefiniteaboutHerteaching onallmattersofmoment;thereisno hesitancyorcontradictioninHerdoctrines;Herteachingisthesamein everycountry,andhasnevervaried sincethetimeoftheApostlesthemselves;maybetheCatholicwayoflife isdifficult,askssacrificesthatpresupposealotoffaithandloveforChrist, yetthereisareasonforeverything thatShedemandsofus,foreverysacrificeSheasks.Thereissomethingalmostdisconcerting,too,intheunhesitatingwaywithwhichShetakesthe wordsofChristsoliterally,quiteregardlessofyourfeelingsorminein thematter.Imean,ifChristsaid thatwithoutBaptismwecannotenter theKingdomofHeaven,well,the Churchteachesjustthatandinsists thatBaptismisabsolutelynecessary forsalvation.IfChristsaid:"What Godhathjoinedtogetherletnoman putasunder,"thentheChurchtakes thatquiteliterallyandrefusestorecognisedivorceforanyreasonwhatsoever,simplybecauseChristmadenoexceptions.I'msurewhathelpsmany amantorealisethattheCatholic ChurchringstrueisHerrefusaltocompromisewithanyofChrist'steachings. Shewillnotcompromiseintheques- tionofdivorce,orofbirth-control,or Communism,orextremeSocialism,or intheirdemandsforsocialjustice.She willnotcompromiseonthenecessity ofreligiousteachingintheschool,or inHeroppositiontosexinstruction beinggiveninschool.Shebelieves thatChristwasGod,thatHeisactuallypresentintheBlessedEucharist, thatHerpriestsaregivenpowerby GodtoforgivesininHisname,that thereisaPurgatory,thatthePopeis infalliblewhenhespeaksonmattersof faithormorals,andsoon.Every- thingissoverydefinite,thatatleast oneknowswhereonestands,andthe reasonwhy.Manypeoplemustenvy theconvictionofCatholicsthattheir religionisthetruth;asafriendof mineremarkedrecently,"Well,I'm nothinginparticularmyself,butI guessyouCatholicshavegotsomething."

AndIguesswehave.

PotentialConvert,Subiaco: Q.:"HowdoesthedoctrineofPapal Infallibilitylineupwiththe"Great Schism?"

A.:TheGreatWesternSchismhas nobearingatallonthedoctrineof PapalInfallibility.Itouchedonthis subjectinaprevioussession.There wasneveranyquestionastothefact thattherecouldbeonlyonetrueBishopofRome,andthereforeonlyone successortotheprivilegesandpreroga- tivesofSt.Peter.ThewholeunfortunatedisputewhichcausedtheGreat Schismhingedonthequestionasto whichofthetwoorthreeclaimants wasthelegitimateBishopofRome. Yousee,althoughattimestherehave been thererivalclaimantstothePapacy, hasneverbeenmorethanone truePope,andnoCatholichasever believedotherwise.Forexample,if severalpretendersputforwardto-day theirclaimstobeKingofEngland, theirclaimswouldnotinvalidatethe rightofthepresentKingWhathap- penedintheGreatWesternSchism wasthis:In1378UrbanVIwaslawfullyelectedPopeatRome.Some FrenchCardinals,wronglythinkingor maintainingthathehadnotbeen rightlyelected,setupanotherwhocalledhimselfClementVII.Goodmen onbothsidesbelievedineachPope's right,butnooneadmittedthatboth couldbePopesatonce.Tosettlethe difficulty,anothergroupofCardinals lateronwentbeyondtheirrights,and electedathirdclaimant,AlexanderV. Thisonlyfurthercomplicatedtheposi- tion,soaGeneralCouncilwascalled; thesuccessorofUrban,GregoryXII, resigned;thesuccessorsoftheother twoweredeclaredundulyelected,andthedifficultywasovercomebythe electionofMartinVin1417.Thetrue successionwasneverlost;norwasessentialunity.Allthetimetherewas butonetruePope,andthemistakeon thepartofthefaithfulastowhich wasthetruePopewasnotanerrorof faith.

TheChurch,undertheguidanceof theHolyGhost,weatheredthiscrisis ofinternaldissension,andbutevidencedonceagaintheDivineprotectionwhichtheCatholicChurchhasalwaysenjoyedinvirtueofChrist'spro- misetobewithheralldaystillthe endoftheworld.

Well,thatisthestoryoftheGreat SchismoftheWest,asitiscalled.It hasnothingwhatsoevertodowiththe doctrineofPapalInfallibility,which simplymeansthatinthePope'sofficial teachingsordefinitions,providedhe speaksassupremeheadoftheChurch inquestionsoffaithormoralsand withtheintentionofbindingallthe faithful,Godwouldnotallowhimto defineerroneousdoctrine.

Andthisdoesnotmeanthatthe Popeisinfalliblewheneverhespeaks evenonmattersofdoctrine.No-his decisionsarealwaystobereceived withrespect,butifhespeaksmerely asaprivatetheologianexpressinghis personalviews,itispossiblethathis opinionscouldbemistaken.Hisdecisionsareonlyinfalliblewhenhe speaksinhissupremeandofficial capacityasHeadofChrist'sChurch andonmattersofdoctrine.

(ContinuedonPage8.)

volutionarytheorydoesnotdispensewithCreation OriginofMatter&ofLifeRemainsProfoundMystery

Darwin'sfacilehypothesis ofNaturalSelection

Theworldweliveinpresentsapictureofinfinitevariety;allthegloryof meadow,streamandhill,thebirdsthat filltheairwithflutteringwings,the fishthatflashincrystalpools.Merely tonamethemallmightseemimpossible.Weourselvesarestrangeand wonderfulbeings.

Hastheworldalwaysbeenlikethis?

Ifyouaskedthatquestionafew centuriesago,themajorityofpeople Ithinkwouldhaveanswered:Yes. Afterall,duringthespaceofrecorded historytherehasbeenverylittle change,slightvariationshereandthere, nodoubt,butnothingveryrevolutionary.Alltheevidenceavailablesuggestedthatthingswerecreatedmore orlessaswefindthem.Itistrue thatsomeoftheearlyFathersofthe Church(St.AugustineorSt.Ephrem, forinstance)appeartoteachthatGod endowedoriginalmatterwiththe powertoevolveintohigherforms. Butuptothebeginningofthe19th. centurytherewaslittlescientificdata onewayortheother.

Aboutthistimerockformationswere studiedmorecarefullyandinthese rockswerefoundfossils:actualremainsofshells,fishes,animals,plants, ortheirimpression.Thearrangement oflayersofdifferentmaterialsinthe rockssuggestedthattheselayershad beenlaiddownbyorderlydeposits overlongperiods.Ontheassumption thatthesegeologicallayershadbeen graduallyformedbyprocessessuchas areoperatingatthepresentday,the appearanceofcertainfossilsincertain layerssuggestedthatanimalsand plantsappearedgraduallyontheearth.

Ifthelayersareexaminedintheorder inwhichitispresumedtheyweredeposited,onefinds,firstofall,nofossils,thencarbondeposits,nextshells, fishes,thenreptiles,lateronbirds,and lastofallanimals.Asimilarprogress isobservedinthecaseofplants.There seemstobeagradualrisefromthe simpletothemorecomplex.This gaverisetotheideathatsomesortof evolutionwasatwork;thatpossibly allexistingspeciesofplantsandanimalshadacommonorigin.Thewhole process,judgingfromtheageofthe rocks,isestimatedtohavetakenabout 500millionyears.Sometimesitis suggestedthatthisestimatecontradictstheBiblicalaccountofcreation, butmostCatholicsknow,Ithink,that theword"day"inGen.I,neednotbe interpretedliterally,butmaymean anyperiodoftime.Itiswelltonote, however,thattheageoftherocks, whethercalculatedaccordingtothe rateofrock-formation,ortherate oftransformationofradio-activeelements,isbasedontheassumptionthat therateofeitherprocessisconstant; afactwhichisnotuniversallyadmittedbyscientists.

Itmightbewelltonote,beforegoing anyfurther,thatthetheoryofevolutionhasnothingtosayaboutthe originofmatter.Itissometimesimplied,principallyin'writingsforpopularconsumption,thatevolutionin somewaydoesawaywithcreation;but howanyonecouldbelievethatishard tounderstand.Itwouldseemobviousthatevolutionpresupposesthe existenceofmatterandmostscientists are:Irefultoavoidaproblemwhich is,forthemostpart,philosophical. Thereareindications,however,thatthe universecameintoexistenceinahighlyorganisedstateatadefinitetimein thepast.Theenergyintheuniverse issteadilyassumingalessavailable form,anditisfeltthatanylocalbuilding-upprocesstheremaybe,mustfin-

allybeoverwhelmedbythegeneral tendencytowardsdisorganisation.The energyintheuniverse,then,wasmore ghlyorganisedyesterdaythanitis to-day,andstillmorehighlyorganised thedaybefore.Thisprocesscannot betracedbackindefinitely;because thereisamaximumorganisationpossible.Wemustconclude,therefore, onthisevidence,thatatadefinite momentinthepastaperfectlyorganisedworldcameintobeing.Even ifitcouldbeprovedthattheuniverse existedfrometernity,weshouldstill havetofind,outsideit,areasonforits existence;butthatisaquestionnot withinthescopeofthispaper.

Nordoesthetheoryofevolutionexplaintheoriginoflife.Cheaplittle pamphlets,andhereandthere,amore seriouswork,sometimesteachthatsci. encehassolvedthegreatmystery.We aresolemnlytoldthatlifeevolved(or emerged)fromnon-livingmatterbya chancearrangementofatomsaccordingtosomeprocessforthepresent unknowntous.Onethingiscertain.Anyscientistwhoassumesthat lifearosespontaneouslydoessoon faith,notonscientificevidence.J.W. Sullivan,themathematician,sumsup theirattitudeinhisbook,"TheLimitationofScience.""Carefulexperiments,notablythoseofPasteur,show. edthatthisconclusion(thatlifearose spontaneously)wasduetoimperfect observation,anditbecameanaccepted doctrinethatlifeneverarisesexcept fromlife.Sofarasactualevidence goes,thisistheonlypossibleconclusion.Butsinceitisaconclusionthat seemstoleadbacktosomesupernaturalcreativeact,itisaconclusionthat scientificmenfinddifficultofacceptance.Itcarrieswithitwhatwefelt tobeundesirablephilosophicimplications,anditisopposedtothescientific desireforcontinuity.Itintroduces anunaccountablebreakinthechainof causation,andthereforecannotbeadmittedaspartofscienceunlessitis quiteimpossibletorejectit.Fo, thatreasonmostscientificmenprefer tobelievethatlifearoseinsomeway notvetunderstood,frominorganicmatterinaccordancewiththelawsof physicsandchemistry."Ifyouare anatheist,spontaneousgenerationis, ofcourse,defide.Take,forinstance, thisremarkofWeissmann's:"Spontaneousgeneration,inspiteofallvain effortstodemonstrateit,remainsfor mealogicalnecessity."Whya"logicalnecessity?"Ifyouareatheist youmaybelievethatlifearosebyvirtueoflatentpowersimplantedinmatteratitsbeginningbytheCreator. Thiswastheviewofmanyofthe FathersandScholastics.Itisapossiblehypothesis.

Thetheoryofevolution,ascommonlyunderstood,meansthatallliving things,includingman,developedgeneticallyfromaverysimpletypeofor ganism.Forthemomentweshall excludeman(tosimplifymatters)and examinethetheoryonlyinsofarasit appliestoplantsandanimals.

Whendiscussingevolutionagreat dealofconfusionisboundtoariseif onedoesnotdistinguishclearlybetweenthetheorythatsomethings evolveandaparticulartheorywhich triestoexplainhowtheyevolve.This wasthecauseofmostofthecontroversywhicharoseafterDarwinpublishedhis"OriginofSpecies"in1859, andstillisthecauseofmanymisunderstandings.Mostpeopleassociate Darwinwithevolutioninmuchthe samewayastheyassociateNewton withgravity,thoughDarwinwasby

nomeansthefirsttoproposethetheory.Darwintriedtoprovethat thingsevolved(reptilesturnedinto birds;onespeciesturnedintoanother species)byapurelymechanicalpro..sailed"NaturalSelection."The essenceofNaturalSelectionisthis: Offspringbothresembleanddifferfrom theirparents.Nowifthecondition underwhichaspecieslivesarechanged, thespeciesmustundergosomecorelatedchange.Becauseinanygenerationofthespeciestheremustbea numberofindividualswhoseindividual differencesmakethembetteradapted tothenewconditionsandanumber whoseindividualdifferencesmakeit harderforthemtolive.Andonthe wholetheformersortwilllivelonger andreproducethemselvesmoreabundantlythanthelatter,andsogenerationbygenerationtheaverageofthe oneieswillchangeinthefavourable direction.Letustakeastockexample.Amonggiraffestherearesome withneckslongerthantheaverage.

Nowinadryseasonthesewillbeable toreachleaveshigheruponthetrees andsowilltendtosurvivelonger(survivalofthefittest)andpresumably breedgiraffeswithstilllongernecks, andsoon.

Itlooksanextremelysimpleand commonsenseexplanationofhowevolutionworks-ifyoudon'texamineit tooclosely.

Firstofallitcanonlyaccountfor theeliminationofwhatcannotsurviveinacertainenvironment,butcan nevergiveanyreasonfortheoccurrenceofthefavourablevariation.

Thenthetheorydemandsthatevolutiontakeplacebytheslowgradual accumulationofsmallvariations.Yet thereisnoevidenceofthisinthegeologicalrecord.Thereisnotoneuncontestedseriesofchangingforms passinggraduallyoneintotheother. Forexample,areptileslowlychangingfeetintowings.Itdoesnotexplaintheoriginandperpetuationof ContinuedonPage15.)

EnthusiasticRallyofCatholicSocialGuild... *FatherLalorOutlinesAchievements,Aspirations andSpiritofMovement

CatholicSocialEffortisTowards Security

FreedomRatherThan

AnenthusiasticgatheringofmembersoftheCatholicSocialGuildwas heldonWednesdayevening,August25, attheC.B.C.,St.George'sTerrace.It wastheoccasionofthefirstcallingtogetherofthoseenrolledintheGuild. Themeetingwasnoteworthyforthe enthusiasmdisplayed,andforinterestingandinstructiveaddresses.

"THECATHOLICANSWER."

TheChairman,Mr.F.A.Atkinson, inopeningthemeeting,explainedto thosepresentthatthemainpurposein arrangingtheeveningwastoputbeforememberstheideasoftheGuild, whichwasnowanaccomplishedfact, butwhichneverthelesshadabigjob beforeit.

TheGuildhadalreadyputonthe air"TheCatholicAnswer-andthe "SocialJusticeSession."Ileexpressed,onbehalfofmembers,theappreciationandadmirationtheyfeltfor thegrandworkwhichFatherLalorwas doingthroughhissession.Ifthe Guildhaddonenothingelsethansponsorthesesessionsitwouldhavejustifieditsexistence."TheCatholic Answer"wasdoingmuchmoregood thanimpressionsmayconvey,orevidencewhichmembershadofitssuccesswouldindicate.Manylistenbecausetheyarecurious,andtheaudience,likethesnowball,wasgathering momentumastimewenton.

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"SOGIA.LJUSTICESESSION."

ToputforwardthefabricofCatholic ideasonreconstruction,Mr.Spruhan wasmakingasurveyofthe"Pattern forPeace''-thedocumentpresented bytheAustralianHierarchytothe FederalGovernment.Thissessionwas alsobeingsponsoredbytheGuild, andwasbroadcasteveryMondaynight at9.45fromStations6PRand6TZ, andeverySundayeveningfromStation6KG(Kalgoorlie).Ofcourse, themeresubmittingofsuchastatementwasnotsufficient.Wemust shoutthisplantillwearehoarse.It hasalreadyfallenonfruitfulsoil,and manyhavebeguntotakenoticeof whathasbeenputovertheairupto date.And,incidentally,everyoneof youcandomorethanmerelypaytowardssponsoringthesebroadcastsyoucanenquirewhetheryouracquaintancesarelistening-in,youcandiscuss itwiththem,youcangetotherstolisten,youcanhelpbuildupthepublic Mr.Spruhanhasalreadywon.

Whatismore,everyoneofusmust getdowntotin-tacksandstudythe wholequestion,andourPatternfor Peaceinparticular.Weourselvesdo notposeasexpertsonthesocialproblem,butwedotrytotakeanintelligentinterestinthematter.

Weaimatmouldingpublicopinion, nottoformpoliticalparties."

Mr.Atkinsonthenthankedmembersonceagainfortheirattendance, andaskedtheirprayersfortherepose ofthesoulofalatemember,Mr.Joe Casey.

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FatherLalorwasthencalledupon, andgaveaforcefulandstirringtalk whichcertainlyarousedhislisteners. Heremarkedthatallbigmovements havehadhumblebeginnings.The SocialGuildwasaCatholicAction Movement-itwasanorganisedcooperationofthelaitywiththeBishops inthetasktheyhavebeforethemtoday.TheMovementmusthavebranchesineveryparish,controlledby PraesidiaoftheLegionofMary,but itwasnecessarytocentraliseactivities inthebeginninguntilsuchtimeasthe membersoftheLegionhadgrasped thespiritandmethodstobeemployed inallbranches.Thiswouldensurea uniformspiritandorganisationlater on.Alreadythefirstbranchhadbeen openedatMidlandJunction,andit washopedthatsoonotherbranches wouldbeformed.Inadditionto thesebranchesthroughouttheparishes,thevocationalgroupwasalsoan ultimateaim.Thepenetrationofone's milieuwasnotonlytheobviousand necessarymethodofre-Christianising societybutwasthelineonwhichthe PopeshadinsistedCatholicAction shoulddevelop.

FatherLalorspokeofthesacrifices beingmadebythosemenhelpinghim toorganisetheGuildthroughoutthe diocese.Heappealedtomemberspresentnottobecontentwiththeirfinancialsubscription,buttohelpactively intheworkoforganisingtheMovement.If,ashesaid,someofthemen werepreparedtospend20to25hours aweekintheworkoforganisingthe Guildanditsvariousactivities,and thisinadditiontotheirordinarydaily ties,thensurelyothersamongstour Catholicmenwouldshowequalgenerosityinaworkthatwasbothcritical andvital.Perhapsthebiggestobstacletobeovercomeinspreading abroadandimplementingCatholicSocialprincipleswastheapathyofour Catholicmen.Itwassometimesvery discouraging,andifyouletit,would beatyou.However,theGuildwas growing,mustfasternowthaninthe beginning,andwhenbrancheswereestablisheditsgrowthwouldbegreater still.

TkeGuildreliedonDivineassistance toaccomplishwhattheyrealisedwas ataskfarbeyondtheirowncapacity tobringtoanyfruition-Conscious ofthis,membershadfurnisheda Chapelinoneoftheroomsattheheadquarters.HisGracehadsignifiedhis intentionofvisitingtheroomsand blessingtheChapelonSeptember8, OurLady'sBirthday.Prayerthen wassomethingthateveryonecould contributetowardsthesuccessofthe Movement.Withoutitwewouldaccomplishnothingofanyrealandlastingvalue,eitherforindividualmembersorforthecommunityatlarge.

Itwasnotnecessarythatevery memberanxioustoassistactivelyin theworkoftheGuildshouldjointhe LegionofMary.Sufficientthatthey lettheirintentionsheknownbyringingtheGuildrooms(B2546),andthere wasalwayssomeworkthattheycould begiventodowhichwouldabsorball thetimetheywerewillingtogiveit. FatherLalorthenmentionedbriefly someoftheactivitiesoftheGuild, suchasthedistributionofliterature, thearrangingofpublicmeetings,the organisingofradiocontacts,thebuildingupofthemembershipoftheGuild itself,therunningofdiscussiongroups andstudycircles,etc.,etc.

Concluding,heremindedmembers thatwhatweneededto-daywerefanatics.NotfanaticsfortheRight,or fanaticsfortheLeft;notCommunists orreactionaries-fanaticsforeitherextreme;butfanaticsformoderation. Ourprogrammewastheviamedia,the rationalmiddlecoursethatwasthe onlysolutiongivingjusticetoallsectionsofthecommunity;butthatpeoplemightevenhearofit,wemustbe fanaticsforthatmiddlecourse,understandingitsimplicationsandshouting itfromthehousetops.Theradio broadcastsandthedistributionofliteraturecouldonlyfallowtheground

andmustbefollowedbytheapostolate ofpersonalcontact.Thatisultimatelytheonlywaytoguaranteeresults. Andwewillneversellathingweare notconvincedaboutourselves.NonCatholicsingeneralareshowinga greaterinterestinourSocialJustice proposalsthanthemajorityofourCatholicmen.Wehavegottochange allthat,andthatistheprimaryobjectiveoftheCatholicSocialGuild-to makeeveryCatholicmananapostlefor theChurch'sPatternforPeace.

TheChairmanthenintroducedto membersMr.KeithSpruhan,whoconductstheSocialJusticeSessionssponsoredbytheGuildeveryMondayeveningat9.45fromStations6PRand6TZ. TheCatholicmenatKalgoorliehave alsoarrangedwiththeirlocalStation, 6KG,thatrecordingsofMr.Spruhan's talksbebroadcasteverySundayevening.

Mr.Spruhangavemembersavery interestingtalkonthefunctionofthe ChurchinregardtotheSocialquestion. Heoutlinedjustwhatwerethe Church'srightsand-dutiesinthematter,andwhatweretheimplications arisingfromhersocialdoctrines."It isforuslaypeopletotranslatethe Papalteachingsandapplythemin concreteform.ThePatternforPeace issurelyabeginninginthisdirection -thebeginningoftheconcreteappli- cation.Wesometimestendtowring ourhandsandsay,forfiftyyearswe havebeenpreachingSocialJusticeand nothinghashappened.Well,itpro- bablytakestwogenerationsforthought toseepfromtheintellectualstothe masses.Nowatlast,theideasofthe Popesseemtohavegotthrough,and willbespreadabroadmorethanever throughtheagencyoftheGuild."Mr. Spruhanspokeatsomelengthonthe basicCatholicdemandforfreedom ratherthansecurity,andexplainedthe dangerousbutsteadyadvanceofthe servilestateamongstus.We,too, werehandicappedinthatwecouldnot doastheCommunists,andlie,deceive, usingdirectactionandfanningthe firesofclasshate.Wemustuseeducationratherthanrevolution.

Mr.Spruhan'stalkwasgivenagood reception,andwasfollowedbyafew wordsfromacountrymember,Mr.Dan O'Leary,whosuggestedthatthe GuildarrangeaConferenceofCatholic farmerstobeheldsomewhereabout thebeginningofOctober,todiscussthe ruralproblemwhichformedaninteg- ralpartofthewholesocialquestion.

Beforeopeningthemeetingtogeneraldiscussion,theChairmaninvited memberstojoinstudygroups-asa meansofself-educationandanoppor- tunitytoexchangeideas.

Thediscussionwhichensuedwas enlighteningandextremelyinteresting. Anymanwholeftthemeetingnotfired togreaterenthusiasmwouldhavebeen ahardmantomove.Asonespeaker said,"Wegotthecaneaboutour apathy,anddeservedit.ManynonCatholicshaveaskedmeforcopiesof PatternforPeaceandIhavenotbeen abletosupplythem."Indicativeof thesentimentsexpressedwereanother man'swords:"There'snofaithinthe worldlikeours,andwemustmake sacrifices.Inmyparishwearegrowingweekly,andwewillcontinuetoincrease."

InclosingthemeetingtheChairman urgedallpresenttothrowtheirweight intotheMovement."Apartofthe plan,incidentally,istodisseminateour ideasthroughtheschools-wewantto raiseagenerationofsocialreformers. TheC.S.G.takesnoshareinparty politics,butthatdoesnotpreclude membershavingtheirownpolitical views. Inourideasliesthesolutiontothedangerofrevolution,and thehopeofbetterthings."

Mr.Farmersupportedtheremarks oftheChairman.Headvisedmemberstobecomeveryfamiliarwiththe pamphlet,"PatternforPeace,"andthe fullerStatementonReconstruction, andtoread"RedGlowstheDawn," anexcellentpamphletontheCommunisticmenace.

WELL,aweekhasgonebyand Rev.Mr.Tullochhasnotproducedevidenceofhis''Catholicauthori -hies,"FerrerasandGerhard.YetI firmlybelieveinMr.Tulloch'ssincerityandhonesty,andifhecannotsubstantiatehistoricallywhathehasal leged,Ithinkhewillbemanenough toadmitit.Forhe,liketheCatholics hesomisunderstandsanddislikes,is yetboundbythelawofChristwhich forbidsfalsetestimonyanddemand, satisfactionforthescandalofslander.

Mr.Tullochisatconsiderablepains toprovethat"manyoftheirPopes ,werethebasestofcriminals,theenemiesofallgoodness,notoriouslywicked andheretical,andweseemostclearly hercorruption,andthatsheisapostateratherthanapostolic menof themostinfamouscharacter,guiltyof almosteverymortalsin,havefilledSt. Peter's(?)Chair."ButMr.Tulloch mustknowthatsuchastatementisexaggeratedtothepointoflying.No Catholichistorianhasattemptedto concealthefactthattherehavebeen badPopes,buttheirnumberisvery small,anditisutterlyfalsetoassert thattheycharacterisethePapacyas awhole.Onthecontrary,theamazingnumberofPopeswhohavebeen canonisedgoestoshowthatthePapacyhasallthemarksofthatsanctity which of Christ.

IfoneindulgedinMr.Tulloch'sstyle ofmud-slingingandwantedexamples ofecclesiasticallooseliving,onewould scarcelyneedtogobeyondthehistory ofthe"reformed"churchesfromthe GloriousRevolutionof1688totheWesleyanrevival.Andthatscandalous stateofaffairswasmostpronouncedin Scotland.

Inanycase,Mr.Tullochshouldknow thatthePapacyofmoderntimeshas beenutterlybeyondreproach,andthe saintlycharacterofthePopesinour owndaysshouldconvincehimthathe hasratherlethisanti-Papalenthusiasmrunawaywithhisheadandhistoricaljudgment.

Mr.TullochthenproceedstobeappalledbythefactthatthePapacy duringtheDarkandtheMiddleAges didinfactexercisetemporalauthority.Well,noonedeniesthat,andits resultsweresobeneficialasawhole thatnoapologyisnecessary.Onecan onlyassumethatMr.Tullochisnot -awareofthehistoricalcircumstances ofthosetimes-ofthechaosfollowing thedeclineoftheRomanEmpire,of thefoundationoftheHolyRomanEmpire,andacknowledgeddualityofthe EmperorandthePope.Mr.Tulloch didnotthinkitworthyofmentionof howthePapalauthoritywasemployed toprotectthepeopleofEuropeagainst thetyrannyofkingsandbarons,nor ofhowtheEuropeofthatdaylooked tothePapacyforjustsuchprotection.

Wenowcometothequestionof PapalInfallibility.ThecommontraditionoftheChurchandthedefinition oftheVaticanCouncilisthatthe Popecannoterr,(a)whenhespeaks inhisofficialcapacityastheVicarof Christ,(b)onamatteroffaithor (c)totheuniversalChurch. Mr.Tullochisconcernedtoshowthat theinfalliblePopescontradictedone another.HethereforequotesGregory theGreatascondemninganyonewho callshimselftheuniversalpriest.This isperfectlytrue.Gregoryinvariably actedontheassumptionthatallofthe ChurchesweresubjecttothejurisdiclionoftheRomanSee.Hestoodfirm. lybytherightsandclaimsofhispredecessors.NoPopemoreclearly claimedaprimacy,notaloneofhonour,butofsupremeauthorityoverthe

bilityofhumannature.TheCatholic, orrealist,view,onthecontrary,recognisesthatmanofhimselfisapoorold thing,andthatwherethemotiveof obligationismissing,moralitywillbe onlyaname.

Itispassingstrangethatamanin ourmodernsocietycouldseriously claimthatheisdecentmerelyoutof considerationforhisfellowcitizens. Forifanybreakdownismoreconspicuousthananother,itisprecisely inthematterofsocialmorality.

Philos'sfinalpointisthatwhatwe callsavageorheathenpeoplehave strictermoralcodesthanours,orregardthemmorestrictlythanwedo.

Theanswertothatisthatthesavages ofto-dayarenotprimitivesbutdegenerates,andtheirmoraldemandsare veryfewandsimple.Thestriking thingisthatevenamongtheseun-

UniversalChurch.Ileveryrightly resentedanyattempttorivalthe claimsofthePapacy,andwhenthe PatriarchofConstantinople,Johnthe Faster,laidclaimtothetitleof OecumenicalBishop,Gregorywould notpermitit."Whocandoubt,"he wrote,"thatit(theChurchofConstantinople)issubjecttotheApostolic See?"Hencesofarfrominvolvinga contradiction,Gregory'sclaimisin totalaccordwiththewholehistorical po,itionofthePapacy.Theincident wasanunfortunatechoiceonMr.Ttrloch'spart,asnotonlydoesitnotdisprovetheCatholicclaims,butproves themuptothehilt.

ThecasesofInnocentI.andthe Communionofinfants,andPopesLeo

4y FRANCIS GILBERT

andGelasiusandCommunionunder onekind,areevenworse,fortheydemonstratethatMr.Tullochisunable todistinguishbetweendoctrinaland disciplinarymatters.Eitherofthe abovemattersmightbevariedatany timeforsufficientreason,andnoCatholicwouldbescandalised.Forthey havenobearingwhateveronthedoctrineofInfallibility.NextweekI shallcontinuewithMr.Tulloch'shistorical"discoveries."

THEREisagentlemanwhowrites

Aintheweek-endissueofoureveningcontemporaryunderthenom-deplumeofPhilos.Inpoliticsheis pinkishandinreligion,puzzled.Quite recentlysomeonewrotetohimasking whybemoralifthereisnopersonal God.Thequestionwasapparently rathermorethanourphilosopherbargainedfor,becausehedidnotanswer it.Instead,heveryadroitlysidetrackedtheissuebyattackingthenotionthatmoralitywasbackedby supernaturalsanctions."Ifthemotive behinddecency,"hewrote,"bearewardinoneinstanceandfearonthe other,ithardlyconnotesahighethical standard."Nowthisappearstometo becuriousargumentation.Forwhether morality(withsupernaturalsanctions) orethics(withnaturalsanctions)be involved,thequestionisnotwhether yourethicsormoralsareofanelevatedorlowlynature,butwhytheyexist atall.

Philosclaimsthat"thebirthan:1 growthofmoralitycoincidedwithformationofhumancommunities;itwas largelyamatterofmutualconvenience."Butthisnotionisdesttuctive ofourphilosopher'sformerclaim.:'or nomanwillconsiderthegoodof humansocietyasanobligatorymotive formorality.Oratleasthewillconsideritsoonlyinmattersofasocial character.Fortheresthewillbe constrainedonlybyconsiderationsof whatdeterrentsthecommunitymay beabletolayuponhimforviolations ofthecommonrule.Andthatindeed "hardlyconnotesahighethicalstandard."

Itisacuriousthinginscepticsthat whiletheydenytheplainfactofOriginalSin,theyarebetrayedintothe totallyunrealandobviouslyuntrue positionofmaintainingtheindefecti-

developedpeoplethereisafundamentalandfar-reachinguniformitywith ourownmoralconcepts.Thereisa recurrence,throughthegreatesttime andspaceofwhichwehaverecord,of thecommonfeaturesofordinarymoralitywhichisnotlessimpressivethan thevariationswhichalsoappear.

Thesimilarityrelatestomoralprinciplesratherthantotheirapplication. Theactualrulesofconductdifferwidely.Forinstance,reverenceforparentsmaybeuniversallyacknowledged asobligatory.Yetcertainsavagetribes interprettheirfilialdutiesasrequiringthemtodispatchtheirparents whentheinfirmitiesofoldageadvance.Buttheirprincipleandours isidentical.Theonlyrealdisadvantagetheysufferisthattheirpracticeis alittleaheadofmodernnon-Christian aspirations.

*Sir,-AlthoughIamnotaCatholic, Ireadyourexcellentjournalweekly. Whilenotagreeingwithallyourviews, 1mustsaythatyouaregivingtheAustralianpeopleinformationonissuesof vitalimportance.

Severalrecentlettersinyourcorrespondencecolumnsareparticularly thought-provoking.Theydealwith thequestionoffinancialreform.Perhapsyouwouldallowmetooffera fewcommentsonthequestionoffinancialreforminrelationshiptotheland question,whichisrightlyregardedas afundamentalproblembytheNational CatholicRuralMovement.

FatherDrinkwater,thewellknown EnglishCatholic,haswritten:"Until themoney-and-creditquestionisfaced itisnotmuchusebotheringaboutthe prospectsofanythingelse.Education,art,industry,familylife-noneof thesethingscanbehealthywiththe financialsystemasitis.'

AmemberoftheCatholicFribourg group,whosefindingsformedthebasis ofPopeLeo'ssocialencyclicals,said: "Ifwedonotsucceedintransforming ouractualsystemofcredit,allother meanstorescueusfromthesocial perilwillfail."

Icommendthosewordstorural reconstructionists.Primaryproducers havebeencrippledbyafinancialsystemthatgivesthemaninadequatereturnfortheirproduce,andimposes taxesonanever-increasingscale.There isnosuchthingasprivateownership oflandinthiscountryto-day;farmers, bigandsmall,aremerelytenantscollectingtaxesforthebanks,directlyor indirectly.Thelogicalendofthis procedureisSocialism.Wearebeing subjectedtoabarrageofmisleading propagandainanendeavourtopersuadeusthatprivateenterprisein farminghasfailedandthattheGovernmentmuststepin.

Unlessfarmerscansuccessfullyanswerthegrowingownershipinfavour of"publicownershipofland,"theyare doomed,doomedbecausetheydon't understandthatit'sthepresentfinancialsystemthatisdrivingtheminto thearmsofthesocialists.Ihopethat CatholicRuralReconstructionwillconsiderthisaspectofthesubject.I wholeheartedlyagreewiththemin theirmajorobjective.-Yours,etc.,

Sir,-'Mr.ColinClarkproducesalot offiguresinanefforttosubstantiate hisclaimthatthepresenttrendistowardsSmallOwnership.Ishisturn ofthetideamentalfigmentalongthe linesofcorner-turningofafewyears ago?interalia,WishfulThinking? Hesays70percent.ofthehomesin Queenslandareownedbytheiroccupiers.Asownershiptypifiesholding thetitledeeds,hisstatementtobeacceptedasadeclarationoffactshould specifythepercentageoffreedolds. Failingthatclarification,itisamisnomertodescribethemasowners.Their securityisbasedonthewhimofthe sameoligarchythattoldthousandsof prospectiveownersin1930-31on-Get

-YourEquityhasGone-andthey got. Ifthatisthefoundationonwhich theCatholicclaimtopropertyisbased, ithasacloseresemblancetotheman whobuilthishouseonsand(toolazy todigfoundations).Thissimilarity istypicalofCatholicity'sfailuretoget beyondbeinginterestedinideasand moralprinciples.

"Therighttochoosework'isaninherentclaim,butitcanonlybeamirage,aspectralphantom,amental spook,untilthepeoplehaveregained theirsovereignright,andthisright canonlyberegainedbyorganised effort.Noamountofemphasiseddeclamationretheevilofismscancut anyice.Thenotionthathotaircan cuticeiscorrect,butthenotionthat mancansupplyitinsufficientvolume isnot..Theonlywayisbylegislative enactment,andwhenCatholicityhas aneducatedandorganisedlaityfunctioning,theywillbeinapositionto generateaconcreteefforttogain"ConditionsFitforMen.'Theoveremphasisofanegativetothedetriment ofapositivedoesnotmakesense.Yours,etc., J.S.R.

Sir,-Muchisheardaboutthe Church'sinterferinginpolitics.Where moralityisconcernedtheChurchmust beheard.Thethreethingsthatare ruiningAustraliaiseasydivorce-birthcontrol,andgodlesseducation.These threethingsconcerntheChurch.Many ofourpoliticiansareneverknownto enterachurchandsomeofthemare knowntobeatheists.Thecharacter ofthemanyouelecttoParliamentis mostimportant.Shortlyweareto haveaStateelection,anditisupto theelectorstoseetheyelectmenwith aChristianspiritwhoarepreparedto dosomethingaboutthesethreegreat evils.

Hotellounges,whichwomenandgirls frequent,shouldbeclosed.Whena decentmanisdesirousofmarrying,he doesnotgoroundhotelloungestofind awife.Allscreensinsidehoteldoors shouldberemovedandopenlikeanordinaryshop;screensaretheretobide whatgoesoninside.Milkbarsareall open,whynothotelbars?

Electorsshoulddemandfromcandidatesonthebustingtheirviewsand declarethemselvesonthesethreegreat deadlythings:easydivorce,birthcontrol,andgodlesseducation.-Yours, etc., H.TRACEY,Senr. Wembley,11/9,'43.

EDSELFORD'SSONISA CATHOLIC.

Mr.HenryFordII,sonofMr.Edsel Ford,whodiedrecentlyinDetroit leavingestatevaluedat£73,000,000,IS aCatholic.Hewasreceivedintothe Churchin1940,twomonthsbeforehis marriagetoMissAnneMcDonnellin theSacredHeartChurchatSouthampton,LongIsland.Hiswifeisthe! granddaughterofthelateMr.Thomas E.Murray,whorivalledEdisonasan. electricalinventor.

WasSt.Peter'sSeeActuallyinRome?

ReligiousTeachingShouldbeConfinedtoChurchandHome!

*IsthePriesthoodtheEasiest andMostSuccessfulBusiness?

IgnoranceOvertheQuestionof -MASSSTIPENDS

(ContinuedfromPage4.)

Q.:"TheCatholicChurchsetsgreat storeonthePrimacyofPeter,that is,inassertingthatPeterwasthe firstPopeofRome.Canyougive methedatethatPeterbecame SupremePontiff,andthedatehe died?"

A.:PeterbecameSupremePontiff inthesameyearthatChristdied-mostprobably30or31A.D.Hedied atRomeintheyear67,duringthepersecutionoftheEmperorNero,being crucifiedwithhisheadhangingdownwardsonaninvertedcross.

Q.:"WashisSeeactuallyinRome;if not,where?"

A.:Yes,hisSeewasactuallyin Rome,wherehewentimmediately oftertheCouncilofJerusalem.He hadtoleaveitlaterduringtheperiod whenClaudiusbanishedalltheJews fromRome.HethenwenttoAntioch. FinallyhereturnedtoRome,and wrotetherehistwolettersorepistles, whicharepreservedintheNewTestament.Hetellsusthishimselfinhis letters,whichwerewrittenaboutthe years64and66.

Q.:"ApartfromSacredHistory,are thereanyprofanesourcesfromwhich proofmaybeobtainedaboutthe PrimacyofPeterandthepositionof hisSee?"

A.:Themostconvincingprofane sourcestoconfirmtheinnumerable 'hristianwitnessesare,asIsaidina recentsession,thearchaeologicalmonumentsandremainswhichsoclearly proveSt.PetertohavebeeninRome.

'Q.:"WhowasPeter'simmediatesuccessorasPope?"

A.:IfissuccessorwasLinus.

Q.:"WhatistheattitudeoftheCatholicChurchregardingtheestablishmentoftheChurchbythe State?"

A.:Youmean,Ipresume,fromthe restofyourletter,theCatholicChurch andhereinAustralia.Iamsure thatinthecircumstancesCatholics generallywouldhedefinitelyagainst thesuggestionthattheChurchshould beestablishedbytheState,neverthelesstheStateisboundtorenderevery assistancetotheChurchintheaccomplishingofHerDivinemission.

.Q.:"Shouldyoufailtoanswerthese questionswithinareasonabletimeIshallknowthateitheryou'renot gametotackletheminpublicoryou can'tdosoforsomeulteriormotive."

A.:Mydelayinansweringyourletterhasprobablyconvincedyouerethis thatIhavenotbeengametotackle thesubjectIamsorryifthishas

GASFIRESarecheapestformof heating.NowobtainableatW.A. StoveCo.,561WellingtonSt. B6307.

M1158

beentheimpression.Thevolumeof mycorrespondencehasnotpermitted metoansweryourlettersooner.

Q.:"Rememberthemosthardened scepticmaybecomealoyalconvert. It'suptoyau."

AWhilstIquiteagreethatthe mosthardenedscepticmaycometo seethetruthoftheCatholicChurch, toembraceit,andtoliveit,yet,on theotherhand,inyourowncaseit ishardlyuptome-ratherIshould say,it'suptoyou.

TheCatholicChurchisthere,for everyonetosee.Herclaims,very preciseandalwaysthesameinevery age,arethereforeveryonetostudy. Herhistoryisthere,figuringSaints andscoundrelsamongstHerchildren, pastandpresent.Shehasnothing tohide,muchtoregretperhaps,but everythingtobethankfulfor-forShe hasthetruth,howeverimperfectlyHer membersmightpractiseit.Atthe sametimeitisnotuptoChrist,orto theChurch,ortome,toconvincea maninspiteofhimself.Christ,the Church,andTinHername,cantell youthetruth-teritheryouacceptit, isuptoyou.

E.Bennett,Narrikup

Q.Iwouldliketowriteafewwordsin appreciationofyourSundayeveningtalks.Thereisonefaultwiththem, theyaretooshort.Iwaswondering ifyoucouldgetmeaCatholic Bible.

A.:Iamforwardingyouacopyof theCatholicBible,andtakethisopportunityofthankingyourselfand thosemanyotherswhohavewrittenin lettersofappreciationduringthelast fewweeks.Therehavebeenquitea fewsuggestionsthatthesessionshould beextended,butitisimpossiblefor theStationtoarrangeanyextension oftimeforsomemonthstocome.

Iamanon,Catholic,andasIdon't protestIsupposeIamnotaProtestant.

A.:NotallnonCatholicsprotestagainsttheteachingsoftheCatholic Church.AndtheseinparticularI oftenthinkChristhadinmindwhen Hesaid:"OthersheepIhavethatare notofthisfold:themalsoImust bring,andtheyshallhearmyvoice, andthereshallbeonefoldandone shepherd."

Againthankingyou(orifyouwould prefer)theCatholicChurchforthe CatholicAnswer, Yes,andI,too,withmillionsof others,thanktheCatholicChurchfor theCatholicAnswer tothemystery ofLife'

Consistent,SouthPerth:

Q.:"LastSundayeveningyouasked forbriefletters,andstatedthatone youhadreceivedwouldtaketenminutestoanswer."

A.:Istatedthatitwouldtaketen minutestoread,letaloneanswer.

Q.:"Yetyoutooktenminutesto replytoBirthControlandanother fifteenminutestoeulogiseNuns, ChristianBrothersandCatholic Schools,andmakespitefulreferences toStateadministrationandschools."

A.:Ihavereceivedsomanyletters onboththeCatholicteachingregardingBirthControlandthejustification forthereligiouslifeofNunsandBrothers,thatIthoughtitbettertotreat thesequestionsatsomelengthand

therebyansweratthesametimethe queriescontainedinalltheotherletters,insteadofhavingtoconstantly re-openthesubjectinanswertofurther enquiries.Incidentally,withregard toBirthControlitishardlyfairtolistenerstomerelyreferthem,asone correspondentsuggested,totheBook ofLeviticus.Itisaveryimportant question,andabrieften-minutetreatmentscarcelydoesjusticetotheCatholicattitudeinthematter.And withregardtotheNunsandBrothers, Iamsurethatthousandsofnon-Catholiclistenerstothissessionwould notbegrudgesoshortapublictribute totheheroicservicetheyarerenderingboththecauseofChristianityand ofAustraliancitizenship.Finally,I thinkmyremarksaboutthedisconcertingeffectsofapurelysecularState schooleducationontherisinggenera- tionweremorethanjustified.Surely youdon'tdenythatitisoneofthe contributingcausestothebreak-down ofmoralswhichwearewitnessingtoday.

Q.:"AstheStatesuppliestheschools, andCatholicsintheiregotismconsideronlythemselves,andtheirway oflivingtheonlycorrectone,theresponsibilityrestsonthemselves.The homeistheplaceforreligioustraining,apartfromtheChurch."

A.:YouclaimthatreligioustrainingshouldbeconfinedtotheChurch andtothehome,andexcludedfrom theschcol,andthatconsequentlywe havenorighttoexpecthelpfromthe Governmentifweinsistonkeeping ourownschools.Well,naturally, thisdependsonwhetheroneconsiders religioustrainingasofprimaryorsecondaryimportance.Ifitshouldbe ofmorethansecondaryimportanceit wouldseemcontradictorytoexcludeit fromtheschools.WeCatholicsconsiderthatreligiousknowledgeisof primaryimportance,andconsequently astheschoolsoftheStatedonotsup- plyitwehavebeenforcedtoprovide ourown,whichwedo-atnosmall sacrifice.

Q.:"Aresomeofthequestionstoo embarrassingforyoutoanswer,or doProtestantsknowtoomuchthat youwantbrevity?"

A,:No,thatisnotthereason.Many ofthelettersIreceiverunintofour andfivepages,somegotonineorten, andiftheyhadallbeenasbriefas yoursIwouldn'thavekeptyouso longwaitingforananswer.Asfor Protestantsknowingtoomuch,Idon't know-Ithinkiftheyknewjustalittlemoremaybethey'dallbeCatholics.

DreamyDan,VictoriaPlains: Thislistenerhasburstintoverse,but I'mafraidyoursemi-metricalcontributiontooursession,DreamyDan,is abittoodeepforme.Ican'tquitegraspwhatyou'redrivingat.Perhapstheanswermightawaitthearrivalofatranslation.

FrankStansall,Wembley:

Q.:Youranswerovertheairtothe followingspectacularbitofbusiness willbeappreciatedbytheundersigned. A.:Youwouldn'tbesocynicalifyou weren'tsoveryignorantofCatholic practiceinthematterofMassofferingstowhichyoureferinyourletter. IfCatholicpriestswerethemercenary racketeersthatyouinfer,I'mafraid theywouldscarcelybeheldinsuch highesteemandshowntherespect theyarebytheCatholiclaity.

Q.:"APerthgentlemanrecentlydied andleftabout£33,000.Amongsthis bequestswasoneof£100tohislocal priestinpaymentforthereposeof hissoul."

A.:Thesumof£100wasleftasan offeringforMasseswhichhewished thepriesttoofferforthereposeofhis soul,whichisaverydifferentthing. Thepriest,ifheacceptedtheoffering, wouldbeboundinreturntoofferon

thedonor'sbehalf400Masses,ifbeing understoodinsuchacasethatthe offeringforeachMasswouldbefive shillings.AndifIhadahundredto, mynamewhenIdiedI'ddothesame asthegentlemaninquestion.Like him,I,too,believethatnothingwill meanmoretomeafterdeaththanthe Massesofferedonmybehalf.

Q.:"IfbyjoiningyourfaithIcould risetothePriesthoodandsharein theeasiestandmostsuccessfulbusinessthisworldhaseverseen,Iwould countmyselffortunateindeed."

A.:Now,accordingtoyou,aman diedleaving£33,000,andofthatsum bequeathed£100forMasses,thatis,less thanone-thirdpercent.Itwouldtake averyfewmenaverylongtimetobecomecommerciallysuccessfulonsuch apercentage.MayIalsosuggestthat youseemtobeentirelyignorantof thefactthatthebequestcarriesits awnobligations,sofarasthepriest isconcerned.AsIsaid,itisconditionalonhisofferingfourhundred Massesfortheintentionsofthedonor -whichwouldbindthepriesttoor feringsuchaMassonceadayfor somethinglikeayearandahalf.

Q.:"UponwhatBiblicalauthoritydo youbaseyourrighttochargefor yourprayersforthedeadortheliv- ing?"

A.:InhisfirstlettertotheCorinthians,St.Paulsays:"Theythatserve thealtarpartakewiththealtar.So, alsotheLordordainedthattheywho preachthegospelshouldlivebythe gospel."(ICor.,IX,13.14.)Elsewhere intheBible,too,thepracticeissanctioned,andevenrecommended.I mightadd,thatitisnotaquestionof achargebeingmadebythepriest, butofanofferingbeingmadebythe personforwhoseintentionsheoffers theMass,Sometimestheofferings, aresmall,sometimeslarge,oftenthere isnoofferingmadeatall;nordoesapriesteverquestionthe.amountofan offeringwhenoneismade.ButI havegoneintothisquestioninpre- vioussessions.

AUSTRALIANJOURNEY

AnewandrevisededitionofPaul .McGuire'sentertainingbook,which coversthewholeAustralianScene.- Writtenwithallthestrongfeelingof anAustralianforhisnativeplace,it isoneofthemostsuccessfulofrecent Australianworks.Ithas33finehalftoneplates,andanewmap.

Price,13/6;postageSid.

ReadyShortly.

INSOFTGARMENTS.

AcollectionofOxfordConferences, bytheRightReverendMgr.Ronald Knox.Afinerefreshercourseinthe" fundamentalsoftheFaith. Price,10/-;postage,3}d.

LOUISEDEMARILLAC.

ByM.V.Woodgate.Thisdelight- fulbiographyofagreatlady,whowith St.VincentdePaul,foundedtheOrder oftheFrenchSistersofCharity,is trulyafinebook. Price,10/-;postage,ad.

THEEUCHA:USTIC RENAISSANCE.

AstudyofInternationalEucharistic Movement.ByT.M.Schwertner,O.P. Formerly,10/-;now5/-;postage,5id.

Owingtostaffshortage,onandafter September1st.,ourestablishmentwill beclosedbetween12and1forIsmcheonhour.

PellegriniefCo.Pty.Ltd.

776HAYSTREET,PERTI. AndatBrisbane,Adelaide,Sydney,Melbourne 111111111111111101111111.1111010,111111111011110.1111141.1MIKHOMI

OnlyOneCauseof QuarrelLeft 'BetweenEireand Britain

-"Allsaveoneof thecausesofquarrelsbetweenGreat Britainandourselveshavebeenremoved,thankGod,"declaredMr.de ,Valerarecently,addressingaFianna Failconvention.

Mr.DeValerasaidhebelievedthat statesmanship,bothinIrelandandin Britain,wouldultimatelybringabout asolutionoftheonecauseofthequarrelleft-Partition.Somepeople,realisingthedifficulties,mightthinkthis impossible,butitwasnomoreimpossiblethanthethingsalreadyaccomplished.

Theyweregoingtothepeoplewith .theoldpolicyofanindependentIreland,livingingoodrelationswithits neighbours,playingitsparttotheextentasmallnationcouldplayitspart inworldaffairs,alwaysanxioustosee justiceeverywhere,andusingitsinfluencewhereveritsinfluencecould befeltintheinterestsofhumanhappinessandpeace.

AsfarasthatpartofIrelandwas concerned,thathadbeenaccomplished, forwhichhethankedGodfervently, andtheywereasfreeasanypeopleon theearth;butthefullnationalob.jectivewhichhadbroughtmostof themintopubliclifehadnotyetbeen accomplished.

Warsandconflictweregenerally duetotheantagonismsandquarrels betweenthosewhowerenext-door neighbours.Forthemostpart,they werequarrelshardesttosettle.

Theyhadsetouttotrytobring aboutproperneighbourlyrelationsbei,weenthemselvesandBritain.They knewthatthatcouldonlybedone onthebasisoftheirrightsbeingrespected.

TheirquarrelswithBritaininthe pastwerenotduetotheirrecollections ofthethingswhichhadhappenedin thepast,butwerealwaysduetothe injusticeswhichexistedatthemoffient.Theywouldcontinueinthe hopethattheywouldsecurearemedyfortheonethingwhichwasstill left.

NOW WANTEDTOBUT .11M.,11M. BOOKSANDMAGAZINES.

MAGAZINESHOP, 506HAYSTREET(nearIrwinStreet). LENDINGLIBRARY, LOTTERYAGENCY.

generaInterest

SetbackforCommunists intheArmya-i

Communistattemptsatinfiltration throughthearmedforcesreceivemany asetbackfromCatholicservicemen.

Thisisevidentfromaletterwritten byanAirForcemaninNewGuinea toafriendinSydney.

"Abouttwomonthsorsoago,"he wrote,"anArmyofficergavealecture toourladsupon'SomeMisconceptionsaboutCommunism.'Hisattempt wastopaintCommunismasahumanitarian,altruisticorganisationconcernedwithnothingbutthepropagation ofuniversalbrotherhoodandgoodwill.

"FromrandomreadingsIhadmemorisedsomeratherspicyexhortations fromofficialCommunisticsourcesas totheirmodtiqoperandi,'incessantand unrelentingclasswarfare,'bloodyrevolution,'etc.

NeedofInventing aPope

Inoneofhisessays,G.K.ChestertonstatesthatiftherewerenoPope, itwouldbenecessarytoinventone, says"TheMonitor"(U.S.A.).The pointthathewasmakingwastothis effect.Peoplearestrivingtosetup somekindofauthorityforinternationallife.Ifallormanycountries makeupthisauthority,theauthority becomesanonymous.Moreover,each oftherepresentativesisaninterested partyinwhateverjudgmentisrender-

G.K.CHESTERTON.

ed.Whatisneededisamanwho maybeimpartialinaccordwitha moralcode.Hewillnotbeableto hidebehindthecloakofanonymity, andhisjudgmentwillnotbeinfluencedbythegreatpowersorbythesmall powers.Reasoncriesoutforsuchan authority.Thebeautyofthisproposalisthatthereisnoneedofan elaboratepreparationforpeaceforthe simplereasonthatsuchanauthority alreadyexists-theHolyFather.Very possiblythewaveofoppositiontothe Churchinthiscountryindicatesthat someProtestantleadersknowtheanswerfromreasonbutareunwillingto seetheanswerinhistory.

ALLABOARD.

Allwhowanttowin£1,000inahurry shouldbuytheirticketsnowandget aboardtheNo.175aCharitiesConsultation.Thereisafirstprizeof£1,000 andotherprizestotalling£3,220.

"AtquestiontimeIwasableto forcehimtoadmitthathisParty wasessentiallyun-Australianandcould quitepossiblybecomeanti-Australian. Healsoadmittedthatifthepeople ofAustraliaoranyotherunconcerted country,didnotaccepttheParty's gospelofuniversalloveandinternationalbrotherhooditwouldbeforcedintothemwithbayonetsorblown intothemwithbullets.

"Onequestion,however,hedidnot answer,andthatwaswhatwouldhappentoasoldierintheSovietArmy whoattemptedpubliclytospreada doctrinethatinvolvedtheoverthrow oftheSovietsystembymeansof bloodyrevolution.Hedidconcede, however,thattheregimentalmessor recreationhutwouldprobablynotbe placedathisdisposal.Idonotthink hegotmany,ifany,converts."

MOST.REV.DR.M.BEOVICH. HisGrace,MostRev.Dr.M.Beovich, ArchbishopofAdelaide,willbeheard overtheNationalStationsinaseries oftalksbyChurchleadersonChristianityinworldaffairs,onSunday, 19th.inst.,at3.30p.m.,Easternstandardtime.HisGrace'ssubjectis: "TheMakingofaGoodAustralian."

Debutantes'ReturnDance

AcommitteeofladiesoftheHighgateHillParishareorganisingareturndanceforthedebutantesofthe recentCatholicBall,tobeheldinthe ParishHall,Harold-street,Highgate, onFriday,October15. Thosedesiringticketscanobtainthemfromthe secretary,at97Mary-street,Highgate, orringB4928.

WEDNESDAY,SEPTEMBER

PlainChantFestival,1943

The1943PlainChantFestivalisrichlyfragrantinthememoriesofthosewhowereprivilegedtobeinattendance.Especially doesthisapplytothegraciousbeautyoftheSolemnHighMass sungbysomethousandsofchildreninSt.Mary'sCathedralon theFeastofOurLady'sDolours.Surelyneverbeforeinthis StatehasthegreatFeastofMarybeensofittinglycelebrated.In aCathedraldedicatedtoherhonour,theancientmelodiesthat haveliftedtheheartsofthefaithfultoGodindaysgonebywere sungbyoverathousandchildrenofthisgeneration.Peaceful yetmajestic,calmyeturgent,thegentlycurvingmelodyroseand fell,theChurch'sownvoicesingingtoHerMasterandHisHoly Motherthosethingsthatmerehumanwordscanneveradequately express.Thevoices,freshandsweetlyexpressiveofyouthand innocence,renderedthefeelofeachphrasewithsimpleandunstudiedart,andtherewasmanyalovelymomentbornoftheinspirationoftheoccasion.Howthechildrenkeptsoperfectlytogetherandhowtheyrespondedsosensitivelytothemovementsof theirconductor,speaksvolumesforthecarefulpreparationmade. Thegeneraleffectwassomethingtobetreasured.Inarealistic manneritdrovehomethesometimesneglectedtruththatthe membersofthecongregationareco-celebratorsoftheHolySacrifice,emphasisingthepre-eminenceoftheLiturgyinthefieldof CatholicAction.Itinspiredaconfidenceinthefuturethatso manyothereventsarecalculatedtosap.Herewasthenext generationofWestralianscaughtupinthelifeoftheHolySpirit and,whatevermightcome,atleasttheFaithhadbeensafely entrusted.

Thereasonfortheremarkableprogressthatisevidentisnot hardtodiscover.IndeedthewholesecretofthisFestival'striumphantsuccessistheardent,self-sacrificingspiritanimatingboth theorganisersandtheteachersoftheschools,inspiringinthechildrenanenthusiasmandrelishwhichhasaccomplishedwonders. Andthekeystoneofthisstructureisthewhole-hearteddevotion tohistaskoftheDiocesanDirectorhimself.WestAustraliahas givenaleadtothewholeContinentwiththeinaugurationofan AnnualPlainChantFestival,andhassetastandardofexcellence .ofwhichwemaywellbeproud.

ThemovementtorestorePlainChanttoitsproperplacein theliturgyoftheChurchinaccordancewiththeemphaticwishof thelatePopePiusXI,wasundertakeninacomprehensive mannerintheArchdiocesefiveyearsago.Itsultimateaimis tomakeeveryCatholicfamiliarwiththis,theChurch'sown music-thatwhichSheconsidersthebestwayinwhichGod's praisescanbesung.IftheordinarylaymancanbeenabledtoarriveatagenuineappreciationoftheChant,hewillnolongerfeel excludedfromtheSacredMysteries,butwillbetruly"livingwith theChurch."TheimpressionthatPlainChantisjustanother new-fangledmovementstillhassomecurrency,butinthenear future,whenthelaityhearintheirownparishesthismusicwhich theChurchhashandeddowntousoverthecenturies,theywill notquestionitsmerit.Theywerenotprivilegedtoenjoythe recentChildren'sMasses,forthesimplereasonthatnoroomwas availableonanyoccasion.Butalreadymanyarefamiliarwith theachievementsofSt.Mary'sCathedralChoir,whichhaspioneeredthework,andtowhomspecialpraiseisduefortheincreasinglyfirmgraspoftheclassicalpolyphonicmusic.

OzanamSunday, September19 Celebrationsat St.Mary's

ThroughoutAustralia,wheretheSo. cietyofSt.VincentdePaulhasbeen established,celebrationsarebeingheld inanefforttofurthertheCauseof BeatificationofFredericOzanam,their principalfounder,whichhasbeenproceedingsinceJune,1925.Thus,followingthecustomadoptedinrecentyears bytheirVincentianconfreresinthe UnitedStatesofAmerica,Ireland, EnglandandScotland.

Theformthatthecelebrationswill takeinWesternAustraliaareasfollows:-

CelebrationsatSt.Mary'sCathedral GeneralMeeting-OzanamSunday, September19,at3p.m.(Rosary, Benedictionandaddresson"The LifeandWorkofOzanamandthe CauseofBeatification.)

Ageneralinvitationisextendedto alladmirersofOzanamtobepresent atthese functions.

Thosewhohavebenefitedfrom Ozanam'sexamplemaybedividedinto threecategories:

(1)MembersoftheSocietyofSt.VincentdePaulwhohavereapedspiritualbenefitsfromworksofcorporal andspiritualcharityperformedas membersoftheirconferences.

(2)UniversitystudentswhohavefollowedhisexamplebyfearlesslydefendingtheFaithagainstanti-Christianinfluences.

(3)Amuchsmallergroupwhichis unfortunatelypracticallyrestricted toItaly,whohaveattemptedtofollowinthefootstepsofOzanamas Universityprofessors.

RadicalPaper'sTributetoChurch asChampionoftheOppressed

ARomanCatholicpulpitistheone placeleftinGermanyinwhichaman maypubliclycriticiseNazism,andremainfreetodosoagain,writesthe "NewStatesman."Yetnonetheless itdemandsindependenceofcharacter andgreatcourageforaPriesttowitnesstotheprinciplesoftheChurch inNaziGermany,andtheBishopof Berlin,GrafvonPreysing,showed suchcouurageinhisChristmaspastoralletter.ItsaidnowordofNazismdirectly;butitseverysentence wasavindicationofthephilosophy whichtotalitarianismdenies.The letterwasanexpositionofthesupremacyofthenaturallawwhichis identifiedintheologywiththelawof God.

"Changeyourmodeofthinking," wrotetheBishop."Rightissomethingwhichmustbeenforced,even againsttheinterestoftheindividual andthenation. Ifpowercreates andrepresentsrighttherecanbeno peacefulcommunionbetweenindividualsornations,andthefightofall againstallwillresult.. Nopower onearthmayventuretoforcetheindividualtomakedeclarationsorcommitactswhichwouldbeagainsthis conscienceoragainstthetruth. Allprimevalrightsenjoyedbymankind,namely,therighttolive,toexist unharmed,tobefree,tohaveprefer. ences,tocontractmarriage,theexistenceifwhichdoesnotdependupon thearbitrarydictumofgovernments, maynotbetakenfromanyonewhois notofourbloodorofourlanguage."

There,withobviousreferenceto NazitreatmentofJewsaswellas Christians,speakstheChurchofthe Martyrs,whichinthedayofCaesarworship(whichwastheearlypattern ofFascistpoliticalbelief)witnessed againstthedeificationoftheState, andforthevalueoftheindividual. Ifallchurchmenweresobrave,the Christianfaithwouldseearevival greaterthanhasbeenknownforcenturies;andPrevsingdoesnotstand alone.Hehasfellows,notallofhis fold,inmanycountriesofoccupied Europe.ThepastorsofNorwayhave ledtheirpeopleinendurance.

tOe

ZrcObioceoe

"WhatNameShallWe CallIt?"

PlacingBabiesUnder theCareofSaints

Anameisgiven,saysSt.CharlesBorromeo,toshowthatthepersonisdedicatedtotheserviceofJesusChrist. Thisname,theCouncilofTrent teaches,shouldbethatofsomesaint, inorderthatbybearingthesame namethepersonmaybeexcitedto imitatehisvirtuesandsanctity;and thatwhileendeavouringtoimitatethe saint,hemayinvokehimandpray tohimintheconfidenthopethatthe saintwillbehispatronandadvocate, forthesafetyofhisbodyandthesalvationofhissoul.

"Whatnameshall'wecallit?"isa questionparentsaskeachotherbeforetheirinfantchildisbroughtto thechurchforBaptism.Weanswer: CallitbyaSaint'sname.Forthe saintwhosenameitwillbear,willprotectitlikeaguardianangel,willbea modelforittofollowduringlife,and willbringitsafelythroughthedan,,,,r,thatsurrounditatdeath.This hasbeenauniversalpracticesincethe beginningofChristianity,andgood Christianmothershaveoftensought theadviceofGodinprayerastowhich oftheSaintsHewouldwishtoguard theirchild."Thereisthisvenerable andtime-honouredcustom,"saysa well-knownwriter,"ofgivingsaintnamesinbaptismtoeverynewchildof theChristianfamily,asomethingso beautifulso'deservingofallreverence, sodeeplyrootedintheholiestandfarreachingaffectionsoftherace,thatit isunaccountablehowanyfamilycallingitselfChristianshouldoverlook it,andsacrilegiousinaCatholicfamilytoviolateitbybestowingontheir babessomenameofmodernnotoriethy, andnotseldom,ofverydoubtful fame."

Itwouldbemorethanwecoulddo togiveafulllistofSaints'names fromwhichparentscouldmakea selection.Butwewouldliketodirect attentiontosomenamesthatought nottobeoverlooked.Weowea gooddealtoIrelandfortheposition theChurchhasinAustraliaatthepresenttime;moreoverthegreatmajorityoftheAustralianCatholicpeoplehavehadIrishancestors.From thisitfollowsthatthedearestnames tousafterMaryandJosephoughtto bethoseofIreland'sSaints.The countryofourancestorswasknownto theworldformanyyearsasthe"Island ofSaints."Whyshouldwenotthen selectthenamesofsomeofthegreat saintsofErinforourchildren?

Wemightsuggestsomenamesfrom thegloriousSaintsoftheIrishCalendar:Ailbe,Albert,Brendan,Canice, Kevin,Colman,Columba,Columban, Conleth,Declan,Donat,Aidan,Eunan, Finbarr,Finian,Fintan,Plannan,Kilian,Kieran,Lawrence,Livinus,Malachy,Mel,Rupert,Senan,Virgil,Gerald,Aengus,Adrian,Patrick,Collumcille,forboys;Brigid,Ita,Leila, Dympna,Attracta,Syra,andmany moreforgirls.

AidanandCuthbertarepopular namesinEngland,buttheSaintswho borethesenameswereIrishmen,who labouredsuccessfullyinthemissionfieldofGreatBritain.Celestine,Martin,andGermanusshouldalsobedear tothedescendantsoftheIrish,becausethesesaintswereheldinmuch esteembySt.Patrick.ItwasPope St.CelestinewhosentthegreatApastletoIreland,whileSS.Martinof Tours,andGermanusofAuxerre,had muchtodowithhispreparationforhis missionarylabours.

Thefollowingnamesareuniversally cherishedbygoodCatholics:Peter, Paul,John(theBaptist),Stephen, John(theEvangelist),James,Augustine,Cyprian,Basil,Gregory,Francis Xavier,Vincent,Francis(ofAssisi), Aloysius,Alphonsus,Ambrose,Bernard, Thomas,Andrew,Anthony,Michael, Jerome,Ignatius,Benedict,Raymund, Cornelius,Cyril,EdwardandStaniss laus,forboys:andforgirls:Mary, Martha,Monica,Cecilia,Agnes,ElizabethTeresa,Catherine,Margaret, Rose,Gertrude,Lucy,Agatha,Angela, Frances,Susan,Veronica,Janeand Ursula.

Italy'sFutureandWorld PeaceCallforReturnof DonSturzo

ThroughoutthecenturiestheMediterraneanhasbeenavitalcentrein theworld,andthesocialphilosophiesofthenationsborderingonthatsea have,whentransmutedintoaction,shapedthecourseofgreatworld movements.TherecognitionofthishistoricfactmademanyseeinFascismapermanentpotentialthreatofworldwar.Fascismhasnowcollapsed,andtheworldlookstoseewhatformofpoliticalstructurewill takeitsplae,foruponthephilosophyofthatorganismwilldependthe issue-peaceorwarinEurope.

Theworldexpectsacivilising,constructivephilosophywhichwillbring intoactionagainthosecreativeforces thatmadeforrealandpeacefulhuman evolutioninthepast.Muchthendependsuponthepracticalelaboration oftheclaimputforwardbytheAllies whentheystatedthatwiththeoverthrowofFascismtheirintentionwas toeffecta"restorationofnationaldignity,securityandpeace."

Unfortunately,outsideoftheAllies andforeigntotheiridealsbasedupon Europe'straditionalChristianoutlook, thereareelementsshelteringunderthe mantleofdemocracywhosematerialisticidealsanddisruptivephilosophy haveinthepastcreatedthosevery thingstheynominallyseektodestroy; forthethinkingworldhasatlastbeguntorealisethatFascismisapeople'sreactiontoCommunism.These elementsarenowactiveandwillseek toestablishthemselvesinItalyand quitepossiblywemayseethattheexpulsionofoneevilspiritwillallowfor theentryofsevenworse.

Itislittleknownthatasearlyas 1919thereexistedinItalyaparty whichwasinapositiontochallenge thepowerofFascism.Thiswasthe PartitoPopolariofDonLuigiSturzo, who,asaman however,preferredexiletoplunginghiscountry intocivilwar.Hisyearsofpatient, progressivesocialandpoliticalactivityinhisnativeSicilyhadearnedhim aplaceofconfidenceintheItalian nationwhoreturnedhisnewly-formed PartitoPopolariasthesecondstrongestgrouptoParliament.TheconfidenceoftheItaliansinthismanin 1923isnowsharedbyothernations whohavecometoknowhimduring hisexile,firstinEnglandandnowin theUnitedStates.

Inhisowncountry,DonSturzoprovedhimselftobeaconstructivethinker andapracticalsocialarchitect.His ideasonnationalpoliticallifeare equallyapplicabletointernationallife, and,werehisPartitoPopolaritobecometheGovernmentofItaly,the corldcouldexpectanewerainMediterraneanaffairswithitsconsequent beneficialinfluenceonworldprogress.

OciOperativeOwnership.

TheobjectofthePartitoPopolari wastoapplytoItalianlifetheideals ofChristianDemocracy.Sturzoand hisfollowersadvocated,amongother things,agrarianreform,dividingthe largeestatesoftheland-grabbersand givingeverypeasantandjoblesssoldier asmallfarmorpieceoflandofhis ownonwhich,throughco-operation withothers,hemightattaintothat libertyconsonantwiththedignityofa humanperson.

Sturzoandthepartyunderhisdirectionadvocatedco-operativeownership ofindustry.Thiswasfirstputinto practicebytheworkersinaglassblowingindustrywhoformedacooperativesocietythatgaveemploymenttothemenintheirownplant. Inafewyearsone-halfofthe outputofbottlesinItalywasproducedinthefourlargefactoriesofthe FederatedCo-operativeGlassWorks, ownedandmanagedbytheworkers.

Thesuccessofthisventurewasalessontotheworkersinotherindustries, andsoonalmosteverydepartmentof productioncouldnumberitsenterprises co-operativelyconducted,ownedand managedbymenengagedinthemin opencompetitionwithcapitalisticfactoriesandworkshops.

Duringthewarof1914.18,Don SturzoorganisedtheWarOrphans'

WelfareSociety.Hewaspresident oftheInstituteforWorkers'Housing, founderandpresidentoftheSchoolof CeramicArts,andcouncillorofthe CommunalAgriculturalCollege.These officesgivesomeindicationofhisinterestsandactivitiesandoftheesteeminwhichhewasheldbythe people.

Mussolini'sOpposition.

Themenwhobenefitedfromthese reformsandotherswhowishedtobenefitfromthem,thepeasantsorfarmers andtheworkersinindustry,werethe membersofthePartitoPopolari,the chiefopponentofFascismandtheone thingthatstoodinthewayofMussolini'scompletedominationofItaly.

MussoliniprofessedtobesavingItaly fromBolshevismand:wasnotslowto labelthenewwaveofdemocraticlife withtheterm"WhiteBolshevism."The largelandowners,whodidnotwant togiveupordividetheirestates,and thelargeindustrialists,whohadlittle useforworkers'co-operatives,were naturallyonthesideofMussolini,who adoptedinSouthernItaly,wherethe Popolariwerestrongest,thesameviolentmethodshehadusedinNorthern Italytodestroyopposition.

InApril,1923,whenthelootingand burningandwreckingofPopolariand hispartymetinTurinandaffirmed their"willtocontinuethefundamentalbattleforliberty"andtheir"determinationtofightagainstanycentralisingperversityinthenameofthe pantheisticStateordeifiednation," assertedtheir"solidaritywiththose whosufferfortheidealandforinternalaswellasexternalpeace"andinvoked,"forthewelfareofItaly,respectforhumanpersonalityandthe spiritofChristianbrotherhood-"

ButthetideofFascistrevolution couldnotbedammed,anditwasnot longbeforeDonSturzoandhisparty were,withotheroppositionparties,excludedfrompoliticallife.Rather thanberesponsibleforcivilwarhe wentintovoluntaryexiletoawaitthe daywhenhispeoplewouldbewilling tofollowthewayofradicalreform bypeacefulevolution.

Sturzo'snativeSicilyandthesouthernpartofItaly,inwhichthedemocraticmovementwhichhefostered wasbornandflourished,isnowatheatreofwar.Uponthepeoplewhomhe lovedandfoughtforarefallingand Willfallbombsthatwillbringwith themterribledeathanddestruction.

Thepeopleonwhomthesebombswill fallarethesamepeople,ortheirchildren,whowerefollowersofDon Sturzo.

KALGOORLIE

InreferencetotheHousePartyat St.Michael's,mentionedintheKalgoorlieParishNotes,inPage13,we havebeenadvisedthattherewillbea meetingofthoseinterestedat3p.m. onSunday,September19,tofinalise arrangementsforthePartyonFriday, 24th.inst.

Wagin

MasswillhecelebratedonSunday atLakeGraceat9a.m.,andKukerin at11a.m.

Doyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?Make aregularannualcontributiontohelp enindigentstudent.

ParishofEast Fremantle

(BYJ.R.Casey.;

OnSunday,September5,thesecon. annualRetreatwasheldfortheme, oftheChurchoftheImmaculateCon ception,EastFremantle.

ThedaystartedwithMassandHol Communionbythemen,thentheywertransportedbycarstotheC.B.C.Col lege,Fremantle,wheretheRetreatwa held.TheRetreatMasterfortheda wasFatherBreslin,oftheOblat Fathers,Fremantle,whoduringth courseofthedaygavesomeveryinter estingandinspiringtalks.

At8a.m.themenhadbreakfast,wit spiritualreading,whichwasgivenb BrotherBradley,oftheC.BC. Afterbreakfastspiritualreading privatewasnext,someverybeautifu booksbeingprovidedbytheBrother fortheoccasion.

ThefirsttalkbyFatherBresli wasonthevalueofRetreatsforthela manHepointedouthowitwason dayintheyearmanforgotallabou radio,papers,andsuchthingsofth world,anddevotedallhistimeto inprayerandspiritualreading,an hearhowbesthecouldsavehisimmo talsoul,whichafterallistheonl thinginlifeworthlivingfor.Fo whatwillitprofitamanifhegai thewholeworldandlosehissoul?

TheStationsoftheCrossandRo ary,bothinprivateandpublic,wer partoftheday'sroutine,thepubli onesbeingcarriedoutbymenofth EastFremantlebranchoftheLegio ofMary. Afterlunch,spiritualreadinginpri vetewasindulgedinbythemen LateratalkbyFatherBreslinonth powerofprayerandhownecessaryi wastoprayforhelptosaveoursoul asthedevilandhissatellites,thoug theyarefallenangels,theystillhay angelicminds,whilemanhasonly humanmind,andwithoutthehelp GodandHisangelsandsaintstohelp havelittlechanceofsavingoursouls lefttoourselves.

ThelasttalkwasonConfession,an. hownecessaryitwastomakeagoo one.Manypeoplehadadreadofcon fessionanddidnotliketotellcertai sinstohisparishpriest,becauseh thoughtthepriestwoulddespisehim butitwaspointedouthowthepries knewtheeffortitcostforonepuma beingtotellhisfaultstoanother.S neverbediscouraged,asthedev wouldbetryingallthetimetomak onefalterFatherBreslinalsospok onthenecessityofpreparingforCons munionandthespendingofsometim afteringivingthanksforallourbles ings.Ifpeoplewouldbuildanalta intheirmindsafterCommunionan. taketheletterstheycouldmake: Actsofadoration:B,ActsofLove;T ActsofThanks:A,Actsofaskingfo someblessing:R,ActsofResolve,an. wouldalwayshavesomethingtosay God.

ThelastoftheRetreatwasth Pope'sBlessingtothemen,followe. byBenedictiontoallpresent.

Thementhenadjournedtotea.Thcateringwasinthehandsofmembe oftheladies'branchoftheLegiono Mary,EastFremantle,andwerewe carriedout

ThanksareduetoBrotherO'Connor oftheFremantleC.B.C.,forhishel, andsuggestions:FatherBreslin,ofth OblateFatherswhoconductedtheRtreat,andFatherO'Mahoney,ofEas Fremantle,whoalsodidgreatworki makingtheRetreatthesuccessitwa

QUARANT'ORE

Sunday.

SEPTEMBER.

3rd.-BOULDER:FortyHours' Prayer(17th.-19th.).

4th.-000DSHEPHERDCONVENT, LEIDERVILLE: FortyHours'PrayerandEucharisticProcession.

OCTOBER.

Sunday.

lst.-NEDLANDSFortyHours' Prayer(1st--3rd.).

2nd.-SOUTHPERTH:Forty Hours'Prayer(8th.-10th.).

AnnualRetreats.

TheRetreatsforbothwomenand menwereentirelysuccessful.TheRetreatforwomenwasheldattheSacred HeartConvent,Highgate,on4th.and 5th.inst.,andwasconductedbyRev. FatherLyons,C.SS.R.,andtheSocietyextendsitsmostsincerethanks totheRev.MotherProvincialandSistersfortheirgreathospitalityandkindness,andtoFatherLyonsforhis splendidlectures.

TheRetreatformenwasheldatthe RedemptoristMonasteryon11th.and 12th.inst.,andwasconductedby Rev.FatherRegan,C.SS.R.Avery satisfactoryfeatureoftheRetreatwas thepreponderanceofyoungmembers amongsttheparticipants.Theattendancewasentirelysatisfactory;infact, Rev.BrotherBenedictwasconfrontedbyaprobleminthematterofaccommodation,butthiswassatisfactorilysolved.TheexcellenceofFather Regan'slectureswillcausethisyear's Retreattohavesoimpressedtheretreatantsastohaveanenduringinfluenceonthem.ToFatherRegan,Very Rev.FatherRector,theFathersand BrothersoftheMonastery,theretreatantsandtheSocietyoffertheirmost sincerethanksandappreciationof theirgreatkindness.

St.Malachi'sBranch,Highgate.

Atthemeetingon8th.inst.,the branchwelcomedvisitorsfromSt. LawrenceO'Toole'sBranchandSt. Mary'sBranch,bothofwhichwere wellrepresented.Themembersofthe threebranchesconstitutedabigand animatedgathering,andamostenjoyablenightwasspent.Afullattendanceofmembersisdesiredatthe meetingonWednesdaynext.

St.Brigid'sBranch,WestPerth.

Themeetingon6th.inst.wasfairly wellattended,butafewmoremembersatthemeetingswouldbevery helpfulinenliveningthesocialaspect ofthebranch.Thosewhoareattendingregularlyarehavingamostenjoyabletimeatbadmintonafterthemeetings,buttheywouldlikemoretoparticipateinthatenjoyment.Thenext meetingwillbeheldonMonday,20th. inst. St.LawrenceO'Toole'sBranch,Maylands.

Thebranchmeetingwasheldon August25,andquiteagoodattendanceofmemberswasnoticed.Sister O'Connorwaswelcomedbacktothe branch,andresumedherpositionas vice-president.Sheisnowfullyrecoveredfromherrecentillness.After themeetingmembersfromLeederville BranchandtheMetropolitanSocial CouncilwerewelcomedbythePresient.Gamesoftabletennis,quoits, anddartswereplayed,andanenjoyableeveningwasspentbyallpresent. notablefeatureofthenightwasthe xcellentquoit-throwingbythelady embers.

MetropolitanSocialCouncil.

Membersandfriendsareadvisedthat hepicnictobeheldonSeptember19 willnowbeheldatDarlington,instead fCarlisle,aspreviouslyarranged. rainleavesPerthRailwayStationat 45a.m.sharp.

Ticketsaresellingwellfor"Sarah 'imple,"atRepertoryClub,on19th. nst.,andconcertatCapitolTheatre, nSunday,26th.inst.Bothpromise obegoodperformances,sohelpyourelvesandalsohelptheorphansat stledarebycomingalongonthose 'ghts.PleasereturnmoneyandunoldticketstothesecretarybySeptemer24,whichisthedateofnextcounilmeeting.

Theladies'RetreatatHighgatewas greatsuccess,andthanksaredueto heEditorforkindlyadvertisingthis unction.

PMINIPI STURMERANDSON, (LateHallion's), BAKERS, 90JOHNSTREET,NORTE FREMANTLE. (Tel.2739.)

PrizeWinnersRoyalShow.

DeliveriesThroughoutFremantle.

Third Order ofSaint Francis

OnFriday,October1,at8.15p.m., intheClubRooms,thesecondmonthlysocialeveningfortertiariesandall interestedfriendswillbeheld.Victoria ParkFraternity,pleasenote!Rev. Dr.McMahonwillgiveoneofhisdelightfultalksaboutFairyTalesofIreland,withsupportingprogrammeof choralandsolomusicalitems.Free reservationcardsavailableatClub Room,secondfloor,BonMarche Buildings,Barrack-street.

October4,FeastofSt.Francis:It isproposedtoholdateaandsocial, beginningat6.30p.m.,inClubRoom. Asaguidetocatering,willtertiaries pleasesignifypossibleattendancefor tea.FullattendanceforthecelebrationoftheFeastwouldbeideal.

October6,7,8:Triduum,conducted byRev.FatherVawdry,0.F.M.,in St.Mary'sCathedral,at7.30p.m.

'October10(Sunday):Masswillbe celebratedbyHisGracetheArchbishopat10am.attheCathedral,after whichtertiarieswillproceedtothe Chapelforreceptionandprofession ceremonyandmonthlymeeting.

Intheafternoon,attheCastledare FieldDay,theFranciscanStallwillbe conductedasinotheryears.Gifts forthestallwillbeappreciatedby theorganisingsister,MissP.Walsh.

Nomeetingon1st.SundayinOctober.

SubiacoYoung Men'sClub

By"Ace."

Forsometimenowoverthirty youngmenhavemadeSt.Joseph's HallnoisywiththeirgamesonMondaynights.Andeachweekourmembershipincreases.HolyNameSunday wasonceagainmarkedby100percent. attendance.Welldone,youngmen!

Unfortunatelytherehasbeenanoticeableabsenceofsomeyoungmen fromourfortnightlydancesonSaturdaynights.Wehopethatthisspirit ofabsenteeismwillnotbefoundatour nextdanceonSaturday,18th.inst.

Tournaments.

Thescoresforthevariousteamsare asfollows:St.Roger's,132;St. Thomas',128;St.John's,116;St.Gerard's,112.

DancingLessons.

Oversixtyyoungpeopleattended thefirstofourdancingclassesbeing heldeachWednesdaynightinSt.Joseph'sHall.Thereisonlyoneruleabsolutesilencewhileinstructionsare beinggiven.Weareindeedgrateful toMissBradleyandherableassistants, andtoMrs.Mashmeidt,whosuplies themusic.

Personal.

Oursecretary,HarryJermy,isat presentinhospitalwithaninjuredeye.

Anewmember,inNevilleHarris, waswelcomedintotheClubatourlast meeting.

Wenoticethattheupperlipofan oldmember,Mr.PatKirby,isdarkening.Itlookslike-maybeitis-a moustache.

TheR.AA.F.uniformisnowbeing wornbyanotherstaunchmember,AmbroseBarry.Goodluck,Ambrose!

CharlieCooper,ournewpresident, istakinganoutstandinginterestin theClub,andenjoysthefullestconfidenceofitsmembers.

CatholicTeachers' Guild

ThenextmeetingoftheGuildwillbe heldinBactonHouseonThursday evening,23rd.inst.,at8p.m.

Catholic Girls'Movement

HEADQUARTERSANDCLUB ROOMS:

BankofNS.W.Chambers,65St. George'sTerrace(nearSherwood Court)-Rooms:7-10FirstFloor.

CALENDAROFACTIVITIES.

SHORTHAND-5-.6.30p.m.,Monday, Tuesday,Friday.

DRAMATICS-8p.m.,Tuesday Friday.

HOMECRAFTS-Monday,8p.m.

and p.m.,

E.S.C.-Monday,8p.m. DANCE-CecilBuildings8 Tuesday. NURSES'PRAESIDIUM-8p.m., Tuesday. DRESSMAKING-7--9.30p.m.,Wednesday. MASS,8a.m.Exposition,Benediction, 5.45p.m.;Choir,8p.m.,Thursday.

ORCHESTRAANDSWINGBAND, 8p.m.,Friday.

MILITANTS'MEETING,Friday,September17,8p.m.

CANTEENSERVICES.

L.B.k.Group.

TownHall:September17.

PhyllisDean:October4.

TownHall:October14.

C-GM.Group.

TownHall:September20.

PhyllisDean:October7.

TownHall:October17.

DEBATINGGROUP.

Here'sachancetofloutyouropinionsbeforetheworld!Takeit,and joinournewly-formedbutrapidlyprogressingdebatingclub.Younever knowwhattalentsyoumaybehiding underabushel,ortowhatzenithyou maysoar!Astoundeveryonewith yourremarkableversatilepowers,and incidentallyhaveplentyoffun!

Dstandsfordebutanteinthisparticularart, Eistheeasewithwhichyoutake part.

Bisthebaloneywhicheveryone putso'er, Aisthealtitudetowhichyoumay soar.

Tstandsfor"tain'tahardthingto do," Estandsforeveryone-inotherwords Meeting:Room7,Fridaynight,8 p.m.

ATTENTION.

Allmembersofconcertcastaread. visedthatwearetakingtheshowout totheGoodShepherdConventonSunday,September19,andtheymustassembleattheClubRoomsnolaterthan 7p.m.

MAGAZINE.

Westillhavealargesupplyofthe firsteditiononhandattheClub Rooms.Buyyourcopyassoonas possible.

MILITANTS'MEETING.

Theattentionofmilitantsisdrawn tothedateofthenextmilitants'meeting,Friday,September17,at8p.m.

WANTED.

Wantedforafewmonthsbyayoung girl,accommodationinagoodCatholic home.Forfurtherparticularsplease replytotheSecretary,C.G.M.,orring 134836.

Thelecturepreviouslyscheduledfor September13willtakeplaceonMonday,September20.

DANCINGCLASSES.

Thisactivityisstillbeingheldat theCathedralHalleveryTuesday eveningat8p.m.Modernballroom dancingistaughtandanygirlwishing toattendtheseclassesmayhandin hernameattheClubRooms.

C.GM.BasketBall Fixtures

ForNextTwoWeeks.

Owingtotheconcert,thefixtures thatshouldhavebeenplayedonSeptember11havenowbeentransferred toSeptember25. Followingarethe fixturesforSeptember18and25:-

Saturday,September18:

Cathedral1vLeederville1,atHighgate,3.30p.m.:Umpire:M.Thompson.

Cathedral2v.Highgate3,atHighgate,3.30p.m.Umpire:M.Connor.

Cathedral3v.Highgate2,atWest Perth,3.30p.m.Umpire:R.Atkinson.

Nedlands2v.Leederville3,atNedlands,3.30p.m.Umpire:P.Donohue.

Nedlands1v.Highgate1,atHighgate,2.15p.m.Umpire:A.Higgins. Leederville2v.WestPerth,atWest Perth,2.15p.m.Umpire:P.Halligan.

Maylands1v.Subiaco2,atHighgate, 2.15p.m.Umpire:P.Phillips. Maylands2v.Subiaco1,atNedlands, 2.15p.m.Umpire:R.Vincent.

Saturday,September25,1943:

Cathedral1v.Cathedral2,atHigh. gate,3.30p.m.Umpire:PatPhillips. Cathedral3v.Highgate3,atHighgate,2.15p.m.Umpire:AnneHiggins. Nedlands1v.Highgate2,atNedlands, 3.30p.m.Umpire:PatDonohue. Nedlands2v.Highgate1,atHighgate,2.15p.m.Umpire:RomaAtkinson. Leederville1v.Leederville2,atHighgate,3.30p.m.Umpire:PatMcGrade. Maylands1v.WestPerth,atWest Perth,2.15p.m.Umpire:Mur.Thompson.

Maylands2v.Subiaco2,atWest Perth,3.30p.m.Umpire:BettyRyan. Leederville3v.Subiaco1,atNedlands,2.15p.m.Umpire:PatHalligan.

CASTLEDAREFIELDDAY.

October10isdrawingsteadilynearer,andwecanstilldowithlotsofnoveltiestofillourfancygoodsstall.Now thattheconcertisoverandrehearsals temporarilystopped,wewouldbeglad ofasmuchassistanceaspossible.The bestwaytodothisistocomeupto "Homecrafts"onMondaynightat8 pm.,whereyouwillbegivenplenty todotokeepyouoccupied.

MissionforAdults.

AUHallows'Pariah.

CommencingonSunday,September 19,aMissionwillbeconductedatAll HallowsbytwoRedemptoristFathers. TheMissionwillbeoftwo-weeks'duration,andwiththemilderweatherexpectedatthistimeoftheyear,thema-rite:ofparishionersshouldfindlittle difficultyinattendingthevarious spiritualexercises.

AchangeinMasstimeshasbeenannouncedbytheRev.FatherCarmody, tocommencewiththefirstSundayin October.ThesecondMasswillbeat 9a.m.insteadof10a.m.asatpresent, andshouldbefavourableforoursummermonths.

Personal.

WeregrettohearthatMrs.J.P.Butler,ofWittenoom-street,whohasnot beenenjoyingthebestofhealthlately.isleavingBouldertomakeherhome inPerthnearherdaughter,Mrs.Jack Hodge,ofWembley.Mrs.Butlerwas oneofthepioneersofAllHallows'parishandwasatalltimesreadyand generousinhersupportofallthings connectedwiththeChurchorschools. AllwishMrs.Butlergoodluckandbetterhealthinhernewsurroundings.

Manyvisitorsareatpresentonthe GoldfieldsfortheannualSpringRacingCarnival.Noticedamongthosewho hopeto"makeexes."areMessrs.John Joyce,JimmeyGallagher,andRupert O'Halloran,alloftheHighgateHill parish.

Mr.A.Boylen,ofthestaffoftheNorthamHighSchool,hasbeenholidaying withrelativesatBoulder.

tarranclVarietyoricert

Agrandvarietyconcert,toassist CastledareJuniorOrphanage,hasbeen arrangedforSeptember26.Itwillbe heldintheCapitolTheatre,commencingat8.30p.m.

Theorganisershavebeenfortunate inenlistingthehelpoftheU.S.A. NavyBandandofleadingartistsfrom othermembersofthesNavy.These gentlemenhavebeenextremelygenerousingivingtheirtimeandtalentsto thecauseofcharity.

ThecompereoftheshowisMr.John O'Sullivan,andheisconfidentofprovidingararetreatofmusicandsong forpatrons.Thedemandfortickets isalreadystrong,andintendingpatrons areadvisedtobookearlyatNicholson's,wheretheboxplanisnowopen. Ticketsare2s.and3d.

STOVES:Wood,Gas,newandused. Enamelsheetsforbackofstoves,sinks, etc.Hassell,559WellingtonStreet. DERBY'S

MURRAYSTREET.PERTH.

'Phone:B7777

REGISTEREDW.AT.A.

J.NEILSON,Optician

SDANNELL,F.S.M.C.(London), W.A.O.A.

OPTOMETRIST, Tel.:B2014. 16PLAZAARCADE,PERTH.

TheonlytopicofconversationinSt. Mary'sParishthesedaysistheMission,whichiscontinuingtodraw crowdedcongregations.

ThefirstgeneralCommunionwas verysuccessfulindeed,andwiththe attendanceonSundayeveningwas commentedonbythemissionersas mostgratifying.Thesecondweekis provingevenmoresuccessful,asthe numbersattendingdailysteadilyrises. TheMissionwillcloseonSundaynext September17.

Children'sMission.

Thisimportanteventinthelivesof theyoungsterswasconductedduring theweekendedonSundaylast.It wasattendedbyallstudentsatthe threeparochialschools,andwascertainlymostinspiring.

Personal.

TwovisitorstoKalgoorlie,well knowninHighgate,aretheMisses JoanFallandShirleyBurge.

AShentonParkparishioneratpresentinthesepartsin"Bill"Collins.

Mrs.Corry,ofCheetham.street,has beenunfortunateenoughtohavea spellinhospital.

MissJoanDunneiswellagainand hasleftSt.JohnofGod'sHospital.

HousePartyatSt.Michael's.

Thisimportanteventwillbeheld duringthisweek,September24,and allfriendsandwell-wishersareinvited toattend.

Children'sFeteatSt.Mary's.

ThedatefixedfortheFeteisOctaber2.

CatholicNurses' Association

TheeveningofFriday,September3, markedtheoutstandingsuccessofthe Nurses'firstdance,heldinCecilBuildingsHall,SherwoodCourt.

Gayflowersandtables,arrangedin cabaretstyle,wereanidealsettingfor thesmall,privatehall,andwiththe brightmusicofthe"Will,Stringand Twine"orchestraasaccompaniment, fewcouldresistthefloor.

AtthedoorSisterRoberts(president)andSisterReidy(vice-president),ofPerthHospital,welcomed theguests,aboutonehundredinall, andshowedthemtotheirtables.

Afteradelightfulsupper,forwhich wewouldliketoexpressourthanks toSisterHealy(DietitianofPerth Hospital)andhertwoassistants,Mrs. SmithandMissLynch,fortheirefficientcateringandservingofthesupper.Oneofourguestsfromthe DutchNavyentertaineduswithan imitationitem.Theskillandhumour withwhichthiswasputoverbrought thehousedown,andencouragedavery gayatmosphereforfurtherdancing, anditwaswithgreatregretthatthe eveningclosedwiththechimesofmidnight.

MissesHowardandTownsend,who workedsohardtomakethedancea success,mustbefeelingveryhappy withtheresult,andhavebeenencouraged,wehear,tosuggestanotherone inNovember.

ALEXRODOREDA.

TurfCommissionAgent

802HAYSTREET.

AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES.

Ring

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

GeneralCommunion.

Allarrangementsinconnectionwith Sundaynext,September26,havenow beenfinalised,andallthatisrequired isforthememberstomakeonesupremeeffortandhepresent.Weare notaskingtoomuchofthemembers, andIfeelsurethattheywillturnout andattendinthattrueAssociation spirit.FollowingtheMassandCommunion,therewillbeabreakfastin theCathedralHall,andthenanyof thememberswhoaredesirousofhavingafullday'stenniscanadjournto RobertsonPark,wherecourtswillbe availableforplay.Intheafternoon theusualmonthlytennisafternoonwill beheld,sothatthosememberswho areunabletogotothecourtsinthe morningwillbeabletoenjoyagame intheafternoon.

Nowregardingtransport:Atrain willleaveFremantleat8.5am.and MidlandJunctionat7.55a.m.Trams leavevariousplacesasfollows:Subiaco,7.40a.m.;Nedlands(fromHollywood),7.33a.m.;VictoriaPark,7.55 a.m.(tocarbarnonly),andInglewood 8.37a.m.Ifanyofthemembers shouldhapentobetravellingbycar, itwouldbegreatlyappreciatedifthey wouldlookoutforanyofthememberswhomaybewalkingin.Membersareaskedtomeetatthefront oftheCathedralat8.50a.m.,andwill marchintothechurch,whereseats willbereservedinthefrontonthe righthandside.SoImakethisfinal appealtomemberstoletnothingstop themfrombeingpresentonSunday morningnext,September26. Our ranksmayhegreatlydepleted,butwe anstillbeahundredpercent.

and

11145

MeetingofDiocesanUnion.

Rev.FatherBreslin,O.M.I.,toDeliver Address.

ThequarterlymeetingofthePerth DiocesanUnionoftheHolyName Societywilltakeplaceat8p.m.on Monday,September20,intheCollege Theatre,ChristianBrothers'College, Perth.

Followingthebusinessofthemeetinganaddresswillbedeliveredto membersbytheRev.FatherBreslin, O.M.I.

Allbranchesarerequestedtosee thattheyarerepresentedatthemeetingbytheirSpiritualDirectorsand delegates.Inaddition,anymembers wishingtoattendthemeeting-andto hearFatherBreslin'saddress-arecordiallyinvitedtobepresent.

CENTRALCATHOLICLIBRARY

36PIERSTREET.PERTH.

SUBSCRIPTIONRATES.

Metropolitan.

12Months:Onebook,10s;twobooks, I2s6d;threebooks,f1 fourbooks,£1 7s.6d.

Country.

12Months:Threebooks,11I5s.;foubooks,£25s.:fivebooks,£2lOs. Wepayfreightonbookstothesubscriber.

`InsideFascist +pain"isthelimit

Dropping18,000feetoffilmintohis uployers'lap,M.Pages,"Marchof Time's"cameramanwhofilmedFrano'sSpain,gentlywashedhishandsof esponsibilityforthefinalproduct,accordingtotheEnglish''CatholicHer-1d."M.Pages'excellentworkinfilm,'ngtheVaticanforthe'Marchof ime"wasanOpenSesametoSpain. Hespenstayearthere,filmingeverythinghecouldsee-eventheinsideof thepoliticalprisons.Finally,after ayear'swork,Pagespresentedhisemployerswiththefilm.Theycould,he toldthereporter,havemadeaproFrancopicturefromthematerial,had 'theywantedto.Theydidnotwant to,itseems.Theyneededonlyabout sixteenhundredfeetoutoftheeighteen thousandtomaketheir"Marchof Time";yettheyendupwithapicturethatwithouttheone-sidedcommentarymightbeusedtoproveanythingornothing.Forinstance,ashot ofsomeboysjumpingatthesoundof thebugle-whichmightbeduplicated inscoresofAmericansummercampsbecomesFascistindoctrination.We donotaskforany"MissiontoMoscow"whitewashingofSpain.What wedoaskisthatthemovingpictures shouldnotbeusedtopainteverything inblacksandwhites,givingusonly great-hearteddemocratsandblackheartedFascists.Thatisnothing elsethanthepreparationofafiascoin ourforeignpolicies.

Anobviouslyrefreshedguestwas broughtintothehallofatemperance hotelbyanobligingfriend.The manager,noticinghiscondition,came forwardinalarm.

"Hey,youcan'tbringthatmanin here,"hecried."Thisisatemperanceestablishment."

"That'sallright,"saidthefriend. "He'stootighttonoticeit."

SecondEdition of"BishopSalvado"

"BishopSalvado"(FounderofNew Norcia,WA.).

ThisisthesecondeditionofDr. McMahon'sfascinatingstoryofawonderfulman,wholabouredgreatlyundereveryconceivabledifficultyinhis missionaryenterpriseatNewNorcia.

Thiseditioncontainsmoreillustrationsthanthepreviousone,including anaerialviewoftheMission,and photographsofsomeoftheChapels, showingtheexquisiteandmasterly paintingsofFatherLesmes,0.S.B.,and thedelicatewood-carvingsofthelate JohnCasellas,whoseworkisunexcelled inthiscountry.Abriefnoteofexplanationofthevariouspaintingsis alsoappended.

ButitisthestoryofBishopSalvado,andhow,throughhislongand heroiclaboursunderprimitiveconditions,hebroughttheMissiontoeventualsuccess,thatholdthereaderenthralled.. "Wewateredthatbitof wildsoilnotonlywiththesweatof ourbrow,butalsowithourownblood."

Inthisbriefrecordofalonglifeare mingledtragedyandcomedy,heroism andunfailingdevotiontoduty,and thelightofawonderfulfaithwhich ledRosendoSalvado,sonofanoble house,throughincredibledifficulties andprivations,throughfloodandfire, famineandlaboursofheroicmagnitudetoeventualsuccess.

ProfessorW.Murdoch,inhispreface, says:"WhenNewNorciacelebratesits centenary,in1946,itistobehoped thatafullrecordofthoselateryears willseethelight.Meanwhile,this brief,picturesqueandbreezylittle sketchwillstimulateinmanyreaders anappetiteformoredetailsofthelife andachievementsofanastonishing man."AsentimentwhichwillbeechoedbyalladmirersofNewNorcia anditsfounder,thatmanofdeepchar. ity,unfailingcourage,twinklinghumourandheroicfaith.

AreYouaManualWorker?

Ifso,thatisnoreasonwhyyoushouldnotstudyforyouradvancement.Donotimaginethatthosepeopleemployedinclericaloreducationalworkaretheonlyoneswhomusthavespecialisedinstructionto ensureasuccessfulcareer.

Aspecialisedknowledgeisnecessarytorisetothetopinanytype ofwork.BelowwelistafewofourCourses.

STEAMENGINEERINGandMechanicalRefrigerationforMechanics,BoilerAttendants,EngineDrivers.

INTERNALCOMBUSTIONENGINEERING-preparesmenforthe examinationsheldbytheMachineryDepartment.

WIRELESS-RECEIVINGANDTRANSMITTING-forprofessionalmenoramateurs.

HEALTHINSPECTORS'COURSE-preparesyoufortheExaminationsheldbytheRoyalSanitaryInstitute.

ROADBOARDSECRETARIES'COURSEdealswithclericalduties, administrationandfootpathconstruction, Furtherdetailssuppliedwithoutobligation.

DEATHS OnService.

BARRY,Lieut.EdwardJohn(A.I.F.)

-KilledinactioninNewGuinea, August17,1943,belovedsonofWilliamandAdaBarry(19ClotildeSt., Mt.Lawley),brotherofMaurice (R.A.A.F.),Horace(R.A.A.F.),and Alma,nephewofSistersMonica (Queen'sPark),Regis(Victoria Square),Dolores(Adelaide),Vianney(Parramatta),andCarmel(deceased),alsoEdward(Northampton);aged27years.R.I.P.

HEMY.-P/O Claude Dominic, R.A.F.V.R.,missingairoperations anti-submarinepatrol,BayofBiscay, August3,1942,nowpresumedkilled, dearlybelovedyoungestsonofMr. andMrs.P.H.Hemy,River-road, Kelmscott,lovingbrotherofHenzell, F'Sgt.Observer(R.A.A.F.),M.E., muchlovedgrandsonofthelateDr. H.C.Remy,Mus.Doc.,Newcastle-onTyne,England,andthelateMadame Hemy,Roleystone.

RequiescatinPace.

MALEY,CorporalJohnLawrence.Killedinaction,NewGuinea,August12,dearlylovedeldestsonofMr. andMrs.B.Maley,Wongoondy,via Mullewa;aged32. MaytheLordhavemercyonhissoul.

MALEY.CorporalJohnLawrence.Killedinaction,NewGuinea,August 12,1943,dearlylovedbrotherof Lorry;aged32. Mayherestinpeace.

HOULIHAN.-OnSeptember6,1943, atPerth,passedpeacefullyaway, Michael,dearlybelovedbrotherof Mrs.HannahO'Connor,EastPerth, fonduncleofMichaelJosephRush, lovinguncle-in-lawofEileenLousie Rush,andlittleJohn.R.I.P. Manythankstoallkindfriendsand neighbourswhohavedonesuchwonderfulactsofkindnessforhim.

McKINLEY.-OnSeptember7,1943, athisresidence,162Rokeby-road, Subiaco,Patrick(formerlyofVardenstreet,Kalgoorlie),dearlylovedhusbandofBeatriceMcKinley,beloved fatherofNoreen(Mrs.C.McCarter, Nedlands),fondfather-in-lawof Charlie,grandfatherofPatricia, lovedbrotherofAlec(MoorePark, Moora);aged77years.R.I.P.

CATHOLICWeLfARE ORGANISATION

Fremantle

OnSundaymorning,September5,in additiontotheusualactivitiesatthe Canteen,theChildrenofMary,assisted bytheLadies'Auxiliary,entertained approximately120AirForceCadetsto morningteaafterthe10.30Mass.The coffeeandsandwicheswereapleasant surpriseandwereappreciatedallthe more. Bothseniorofficerspresentspokeon behalfoftheboysandthankedthe ladiesfortheirhospitality.Mrs.Jolley, PresidentoftheC.W.O.Women'sAuxiliary,responded,andassuredtheboys thatitwasapleasurefortheladies todoanythingtheycouldforthem.

RacingSelections

By"TheHawk."

HELENAVALE.

RunatGoodwood,Saturday,September18,1943, MaidenHandicap:LadyLorrie,1; Punchinello,2;Audio,3. DividedPurse(1):StarLad.1; Roselian,2;Tresigne,3. DividedPurse(2) Lympian,1; Luncheon,2;Kopje,3. TrialHandicap:AllLingo,1;Chanteclair,2;Aku,3. HelenaValeHandicap:Loyalist,1; Enchanter,2;Inchaking,3. PerthWelter:Hinds,1;Knight Brook,2;Mylopia,3. PurseHandicap:Nullabung,1;Rags, 2;KickOff,3.

÷ INMEMORIAM

OnService.

LOONEY,Sgt.Pilot(R.A.A.F.).-In lovingandproudmemoryofPat, missing,presumedkilled,overGermany,September16,1942,beloved sonofMrs.andthelateMr.W. Looney,fondbrotherofPaul,Jack andMolly.

MostSaxedHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

EARLE.-InlovingmemoryofAmy, whodiedonSeptember17,1937

-Insertedbyherlovingmotherand family.

BARNHART.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulofFrances Barnhart,whodepartedthislifeSeptember13,1940. Mayhersoulrestinpeace.

-Insertedbyherlovingsister,GertrudeCasey.

DOYLE.-Inlovingmemoryofmy dearUncle,AidanLouisDoyle,who diedonSeptember21,1939.R.I.P. -Insertedbyhisnephew,James DoyleCrozier.

LILLIS.-Inlovingmemoryofmy dearwife,Bridget,whopassedaway September19,1939. Eternalrestgrantuntoher,0Lord, andmayThyperpetuallightshine uponher.

-Insertedbyherlovinghusband, MartinLillis.

LILLIS.-Deepinourheartsliesasad butlovingmemoryofourdarling motherandgrandma,whopassed awaySeptember19,1939.

MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul.

-Insertedbyherlovingdaughter, Ann,son-in-law,Bruce,andgranddaughter,Marline.

LILLIS.-Inlovingmemoryofour darlingmotherandgrandma,who passedawaySeptember19,1939.

SweetJesus,havemercyonhersoul.

-Insertedbyherlovingdaughter, Kit,son-in-law,George,andgrandchildren.

O'CONNOR,HelenMary.-Passed peacefullyaway,atherresidence, Subiaco-road,Subiaco,onSeptember 16,1938.

Mayshedwellinpeaceforever,in thatblissfulhomeabove, InThySacredHeart,dearJesus,in Thineowneternallove.

-Insertedbyherlovinghusbandand children.

SHEEHAN,-Inlovingmemoryof ElizabethAnnSheehan,whodiedat Trafalgar-Victoria,onSeptember19, 1933.

SweetJesus,havemercyonhersoul.

-Insertedbyherlovinghusband anddaughters.

Doyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?Make aregularannualcontributiontohelp anindigentstudent.

ftCostsNoMoretohaveyour PrescriptionsAccurately Dispensed.

ROBERTW.DALBY,M.P.S. Of130OxfordStreet,Leederville, carriesafullsupplyofallAccredited BrandsofToilets,PatentMedicines. FullPhotographicService,Etc.'Phone B6224andreceiveREALService.

SurvivalofNaturalSelectionHopesto EliminateDesignFromNature

BlindFaithandPrejudiceAmongCertainMenofScience

GeologyFailstheEvolutionaryTheory

ModernTendencyistoDemanda Formative,DirectivePrinciple

(ContinuedfromPage5.)

variationswhichintheirrudimentary stagesarenotadvantageous.Every newvariation,remember,mustbean advantageinthestruggleforexistence. Everysmalllittlevariationmustgive anadvantage.Itcannotexplainthe simultaneousappearanceofnumerous variationsandtheirjointpreservation byheredity.Forexample,astronger muscletobeofvaluemusthavecorrespondinglylargerareasofattachment.Itdoesnotexplainthedegenerationofeyesincaveanimals;for therecanbenoquestionofadvantage here.Thenitmustexplaintheevolutionofacomplexorgansuchasthe eye.Ithastoexplainover-refinement ofcamouflageinanimals.The"Kat-.lina"butterflyinIndia,forinstance, presentsastrikingresemblancetoa driedleaf,andthis,accordingtothe theoryofnaturalselection,isofprotectivevalue.Inadditionwefinda spotthatlooksforalltheworldlikea holemadebyafungusoraninsect throughtheleaf. Ttstrainstheimaginationtoassumethatthisfinishing touchhadsomuchadditionalsurvival valuethatbutterflieswithoutitdied out.Therearenumerousotherdifficulties,butwhygoon?AsDriesch,the famousbiologist,says:'Formenof clearintellectDarwinism(Natural Selection)haslongbeendead

Itiseasytoseewhyithasbeen abandonedastheprincipalagentin evolution,byallbutafew.Butit ishardtounderstandwhyitwasdefendedsolongandwhyitisstilldefendedbyanablemanlikeHaldane. Wecansympathisewiththescientific desiretoavoidprematureacceptance ofapreternaturalexplanationwherea naturalonemayhefound,butwefeel thereissomethingmoreinitthanthat. Perhapsitisbecause,asfaraswecan see,naturalselectionaloneappearsto eliminatedesignfromnature.Evenif NaturalSelectionasanexplanationof evolutioncouldbeestablished,it wouldstillhepossibletohold,of course,thatGodiscontrollingthe courseofevolutionbyemploying purelymechanicalmeans.Rutthe atheistcannotadmitdesignatall,becausedesignpresupposesaDesigner. Hemustbelieveinevolutionevenifhe can'tproveit.Ifthisisnotblind faithandprejudice,Idon'tknowwhat is. ProfessorWatson,oftheLondonUniversity,saidin1929:"Thetheoryofevolutionisatheoryuniversallyaccepted,notbecauseitcanbeprovedtrue,hutbecausetheonlyalter, native,specialcreation,isclearlyincredible."Whyisit"clearlyincredible?"

Ihavesaidthatnearlyallscientists ofthepresentdayrejectthismechanicalexplanation;thatdoesnotmean, however,thatthewholetheoryhas beenabandoned.Mostscientistsare evolutionists;butititnottruetosay (aswereadintherecenteditionof theEncyclicalBritannica)that"among competentbiologistsandgeologists thereisnotasingleonewhoisnot convinced."Ihaveherealistof16

CONSULTinto

@rim,tiO

first-classscientistswhohavedefinitely receptedthewholetheoryoforganic evolutionbecausetheyfeelthatthe difficultiesagainstithavenotbeen met,andarenotlikelytobemet.For example,ithasnotbeenpossible,so far,toproducebyselectivebreedinga (formcapableofbreedingbutinfertile withtheparentstock.Yetthewhole fabricofevolutiondependsonthatpossibility.Furthermore,theyarenot convincedbythepalaeontologicalargument.Evolutionsupposesthatfishes turnedintoreptiles,andreptilesturnedintobirds,donkeysandmen,etc. Nowareptiledoesnotbecomeabird completewithfeathersovernight;in fact,theevolutionistnevertiresof stressingtheslownessoftheprocess. Itissurelynaturaltoexpectsomeof thesetransitionalformsamongthefossils.But,no;theonlyfossilthatcan heproducedisArchaeopteryx-afully featheredbird,withteethandareptiliantail.Wesearchinvainamong therocksforanyfossilrecordofa reptileintheprocessofgrowingawing. Nordoesanappealtothemutation theoryhelpverymuch;itisjusttoo muchofamutation.Muchstress,of course,islaidonthesupposedimperfectionofthegeologicalrecord.Fossilisation,accordingtotheevolutionist,isalmostamiracle.Isit?Mr. DewarandMr.Levitt-Yeats,bothFellowsoftheZoologicalSociety,have verycarefullycompiledstatisticsof thefossilisationoftheexistinggenera oflandanimals,which"indicatethat thechancesaregreatthatsomespecimensofeverygenushavinghard partswillbecomefossilisedduringthe periodoftheexistenceofthatgenus."

Itmaysometimeshaveappeared strangetoYouthatourlibrariesare stackedwithpro-evolutionistwritings, andthatwehearverylittlelighton thisinterestingfact.

ArnoldLunn,inhis"FlightFrom Reason,"writes:"TheotherdayImet aFellowoftheRoyalSociety.Iam gladyouaretakingupthisissue,he said,because,ofcourse,weProfessional Scientistscandonothing.Ourhands aretied.Takemyowncase,forinstance.ProfessorXregardsDarwin asaMessiah.Hehasgoodjobsinhis gift,andnojobsaregoingexceptto thosewhoworshipattheDarwin shrine."

Orthis,fromthehook,"Man,aSpecialCreation,"byDewar:"Fewpeoplerealisehowimportanthasbeenthe capturingofthepressbyEvolutionists. To-dayveryfewperiodicalswillpublishanarticleorapaperattackingthe evolutiontheory,andthisappliesboth tothelayandreligiouspress. Generallyspeaking,theeditorsofnewspapersbelieveevolutiontobeanestablishedfact,andinconsequenceregardanyonewhoattacksitasanignoramusoracrank....Scientificjournals,beingconductedbyevolutionists, usuallydeclinetopublishanycontributionthatcastsevenashadowof doubtontheevolutionconcept. Bookpublishers areunwillingto publishabookwhich,asitrunscoon-

PHONEMOE

PRIVATEWM2223

tertocurrentscientificopinion,willbe ignoredorsavagelyattacked.Thus thepublicispermittedtohearonly onesideofthecase theaverage man isledtobelievethatevolution isalawofnatureasfirmlyestablished asisthelawofgravity."

Ofthosewhoacceptthetheorysome aresatisfiedtotakeitasafactwithoutdiscussingitscauses.Somehave returnedtoLamark'stheorythat changesareduetotheuseanddisuse oforgans,andthestrivingofthelivingthingtoadaptitselftochanging environment.Somelookwithfavour

onthemutationtheoryofBatesonand deVries,whichassumesthatorganic evolutionhasproceededbyjumps,or, inotherwords,largemodificationsof structureorfunctionintheindividual. ThereisalsoBergson'svitalistictheory whichattributesevolutiontoapurposefulstrivingmanifestingitselfin matter.

Allthesetheoriesdemandintheir explanationsomeformative,directive principle;theattempttoeliminatedesignandpurposefromnaturehasfailed.

Thetheoryofevolutionmaybetrue oritmaynot,Ifanyonewishesto believethatGodcreateddifferent speciesofplantsandanimalsatdiffer-

(ContinuedonBackCover.)

HotelandAccommodationGuide

HOTEL PERTH. JACKEDDINGTON, Proprietor.

EXCELLENT ACCOMMODATION.

STAN.O'BRIEN, COURTHOTEL PERTH.

'Phone:B4261.

HOTELBEACONSFIELD, FREMANTLE. OverlookingtheOcean. SuperiorAccommodation. ModerateCharges. M.BYRNE (LateofGrandandShamrock Hotels,Boulder).

SUBIACOHOTEL. FIRST-CLASS ACCOMMODATION. 'Phone:W1028. A.J.McHENRY,Proprietor.

VICTORIAHOTEL, HAYSTREET,SUBIACO. RenovatedThroughout. EssenceofComfort. W.F.ARTIS,Proprietor. (LateofBalmoralHotel,Vic.Park) COUNTRY, DUKEOFYORKHOTEL, NARROGIN. ReconditionedandRefurnished. NewLounge,DiningRooms, andCommercialRooms. ARTHURBOYLAN,Proprietor. (LateGeorgeHotel,Perth).

FREEMASONSHOTEL, TOODYAY. ExcellentCuisine. ArtisticaRefrigeratorInstalled. OldandNewFriendsare CordiallyWelcomed. MRS.E.WING,Proprietress.

GOLDFIELDS.

RodBeaton's HANNAN'SHOTEL, HANNANSTREET, KALGOORLIE.

STAR&GARTERHOTEL, Cnr.HANNAN&NETHERCOTTSTS.,KALGOORLIE. BERTSTARR Proprietor.

'Phone13. Box124. AUSTRALIAHOTEL, KALGOORLIE.

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RefrigerationThroughout. OnlyLock-UpGarageshithe CentreofTown. M.J.DILLON,licensee.

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AnyNumber,Place,orTime.

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THEGENERALAGENCYCO. PERTH'SLEADING

29A-30PADBUPYBLDGS.. HOTEL&BUSINESSBROKERS FORRESTPLACE ESTATEAGENTS

Twoflieswerestrollingalongtheceiling.Suddenlyoneofthempaused. "Youknow,"itremarked,"human beingsareverysilly."

Thesecondflyshrugged.

"Peoplearesilly?"itechoed."How doyoumakethatout?"

Thefirstflytappedtheceilingwith itsfoot.

'Welltakealook,''itchirped."They spendgoodmoneybuildinganiceceiling,andthentheywalkonthefloor!"

The'wearyfatherwasmarchingup anddownat1a.m.withawailinginfantinhisarms,whentherecamea knockatthedoor.Itwasthetenantfrombelow,carryingapairofnew shoes.

"Isay,oldman,"hesaid,"while you'reaboutit,youmightbreakthese informe."

Amancamehomeinthesmallhours ofthemorningand,havingawholesomefearofhiswife,decidedtoproceedwithcaution.

Takingoffhisboots,hecreptnoiselesslyupstairs,stealthilyopenedthe bedroomdoor,and,withthegreatest care,cawledintobed.Withasighof reliefhewentofftosleep

Inthemorninghelookedroundfor hiswife,andsuddenlyrememberedshe wasstayingwithanauntforthe night.

* *

Twomenworkedsidebysideina WarProductionBoardoffice.They neverspoke,buteachwatchedthe other.Onemanleftworkdailyat4 o'clock.Theothertoiledontill6 orlater.

Somemonthspassed.Thenthe harder-workingofthetwoapproached theother, "Ibegyourpardon,'hesaid,"butdo youmindtellingmehowyoucanclean upyourworkeverydayat4o'clock?"

"Notatall,"saidtheotherman.

"WhenIcometoatoughpieceofdetail,Imarkit,'RefertoCommander Smith.'Ifigurethat,inadepartmentaslargeasthis,thereissureto heaCommanderSmith.AndImust beright;thosepapersnevercome back."

Theharderworkerstartedtoremove hiscoat.

"Brother,"hesaid,"prepareforaction."I'mCommanderSmith."

* * *

McTavishwastheproudownerofa newcashregister.Oneday,whenan oldfriendcameintohisshopand boughtashillingcigar,thecustomer notedthatMcTavishpocketedthe moneyinsteadofputtingitintothe drawer.

"Whynotringitup?"heasked. "You'llbeforgettingit."

"Oh,I'llnaeforgetit,"repliedthe Scot."YekenIkeeptrackinmy headuntilIgetfiveshillings,an'then Iringitup.Itsaveswear-randtear-r onthemachine."

* * *

YoungPrivateJonesslunkontothe paradegroundtenminuteslate.

Thesergeantglared,thensaid,with icysarcasm:"Soyouhavedecidedto comeonparade.Wewereafraidyou hadsignedaseparatepeace!"

* *

Thevicarwastakingoneofthe youngmenofhisparishtotask.

"Tom,"hesaid,gravely,"Ihearthat youhavebeenraisingfalsehopesin severalmaidenhearts.Rumoursays thatyou'reengagedtoonegirlinthis village,toanotherinLittleMudford, andtoathirdinDitchley.Howcan youdosuch'athing?"

Withanuneasygrin,Tomreplied: "Well,sir,I'vegotabike."

* * *

Shewasfatandoverforty,butshe wasstillkittenish.Theyoungman shehadcorneredatthepartywas thinkinghardforsomeexcusetoescape.

Atlasthemurmured,"Doyouremembertheyoungsterwhousedto tickleyouunderthechinatschool?"

"Oh,"sheexclaimed,gushingly,"so that'swhoyouare "Oh,no,"saidhe,blandly."That wasmyfather."

InasmalltowninIrelandtheinhabitantsdecidedthatsomeboxing boutsmightaddalittletotheexcitementoftheplaceButtheattendanceontheopeningnightwaspoor.

Theprincipalpromotersummedup thesituation,andthen,steppinginto thering,announced."I'vejustreceived atelegramfromtheMarquessof Queensberry,andhesayshemust have£5fortheuseofhisrules.Boys, Iwillnowpassroundthehat."

*

Theheadofthehousewasreadinga newspaperarticleverycarefully.When hehadcometotheendheremarkedto hiswife:"Doyouknow,dear,Ithink there'ssomethinginwhatthisarticle says-thattheclevernessofthefather oftenprovesastumbling-blocktothe son."

Hiswifeheavedasighofrelief.

"Well,thankgoodness,"shesaid, "ourBobbywon'thaveanythingto fallover!"

Therecruitwascausinghissergeant alotoftrouble.

FinallytheN.C.O.wentuptohim andsaidsarcastically:"Doyourealise youaretheonlyoneinstep?"

"Well,"saidtherecruit,"it'snogood tellingme-you'dbettertelltheother fellows!"

AbouttotraveltoIndia,amanwas toldbyfriendstobesurenottomiss thetigershooting.

"It'snotrickatall,"theysaid. "Youhideinathicketatnight;when thebeastarrivesaimbetweenitstwo eyes,shininginthedark.,Itwillfall asifstruckbylightning."

Onhisreturntheyaskedhowmany tigershehadkilled.

"Noneatall,"hereplied,sadly. "They'vebecomealtogethertooclever. Theynowtravelinpairs,andeachone closesaneye-so,ofcourse. ."

* Thevicarhadnotifiedtheschoolmistressthathewouldbecomingto theschooltocatechisethechildrenin religiousknowledge.Ashealways askedthesamequestions,shethought itbesttoprimethechildrenwiththe correctanswers.

"Whenthevicarcomes,"shesaid, "hewillsay:'BoyNumberOne,who madeyou?'andyoumustanswer: 'God,sir.'Thenhewillsay:'Boy NumberTwo,whowasthefirstman?' andyoumustsay:'Adam,sir.'"And soshewentonthroughtheclass.

WhenthevicararrivedBoyNumber Onewasabsentfromhisplace,sohe beganwithBoyNumberTwo,andasked:'Boy,whomadeyou?"

"Adam,sir,"repliedBoyNumber Two.

"No,no,myboy,"saidthevicar,"it wasGodwhomadeyou."

"Please,sir,"hereplied,"theboy Godmadeisoutoftheroomwashing inkpots."

* *

ThestrongmanonavisittoSomersetrodeoutonhorsebacktochallengeafarmerwhosegreatstrength hadgainedhimareputation.Heenteredthefarmyard,tieduphishorse, andapproachedthefarmer.

"Hey,"hesaid,"I'veheardalot aboutyou,andI'vecomealongway toseewhichisthebetterman."

Withoutanswering,thefarmerseizedtheintruder,hurledhimbodilyinto theroad,andreturnedtohiswork.

Whentheloserhadrecoveredhis breath,thefarmergrowled,"Haveyou anythingmoretosaytome?"

"No"wasthereply,"butperhaps you'llbegoodenoughtothrowmemy horse."

Mrs.Briggshadbeenattackedbya dogwhileoutwithherhusband.To herdisgust,Mr.Briggshadimmediatelytakentohisheels,leavinghis wifetoherfate.

"You'reacoward!"shetoldhim later,whenshehadmadeherescape. "Fancyleavingmetobebittenlike that!Whydidn'tyougrabitscollar?"

"Well,dear,"pleadedMr.Briggs, "whenwemarriedweagreedneverto keepanythingbackfromeachother, didn'twe?"

WearequiteconfidentthattheBottlewillbefilledtooverflowingthis year,andwemustthankallourgeneroushelpers.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntBetsy,-Enclosedplease findAugustandSeptembersubscriptionstotheL.B.Enclosedalsois fortheappealforSt.Charles'Seminary.

ANONYMOUS.

DearAnonymous,-YourgiftcertainlywasabigmouthfulfortheLemonadeBottletoswallow.Reallyyour constancyintheBusbies'Causeis mostheartening,andweallsendyoua thousandthanksandpraythatGots willblessyouforyourgenerosity. ThegiftforSt.Charles'hasbeenforwarded.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * * Leederville.

THE Bushies'Corner

DearCornerites,-OnSundayweshall becelebratinginhonourofFrederic Ozanam,thefounderoftheSocietyof St.VincentdePaul.Ozanamwasa manofgreatintellect,whichheemployedverysuccessfullyinthedefence oftheFaith.Healsohadanextraordinaryloveforthepoor,inwhomhe sawChrist,OurLord.Thebrothers oftheSt.VincentdePaulSocietyare prayingveryhardthatGodwillseefit toraisehisservanttothehonoursof thealtar.Wouldn'titbeagrand thingforusalltojoininandaskOur LordandOurLadytoallowustocall thisnobleman"Blessed"?

TheSocietyofSt.VincentdePaul aims,youallknow,tohelpthepoor. Theytrytoprovidethemwithfood,

clothesandshelter,andforthisthe worldholdstheminesteem.Butthe mostimportantpartoftheirworkis spiritual,andinthecourseofvisiting thehomesofthepoortheygiveas muchrelieftosicksoulsastoimpoverishedbodies.Inthistheyimitate theexampleofOurLord.

TheSocietyofSt.VincentdePaul aimstohelppeople,materiallyand -spiritually,ofallreligions."Thetitle ofthepoortoourcommisserationis theirpovertyitself;wearenottoinquiretowhatpartyorsecttheybelong."SothisgreatworkofrealcharityintheChristiansensegoesonsilentlyinourmidst.Surelyweought todoeverythingwecanbyprayerand moneytohelpitonitsway. AUNTBESSY.

LemonadeBottle

EastFremantle.

DearAuntI3essy,-Enclosedplease findP.N.'for3s.foryourBusbies' Scheme,asalittlethanksgivingoffering,andwillyousayalittleprayer formyintention? KAY.

DearKay,-Youmayrestassured thatwewillallsayaprayerforyour intention.Wemustneverforgetour Corneriteswhensayingourprayers, becausethisistheonlywayinwhich wemayrepaythemfortheirgenerositytowardsus.Onceagainthanks foryourofferingof3s.

AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-PleasefindenclosedasmalldonationfortheBushies, inhonourofOurLady'sBirthday. From "NONAME."

Dear"NoName,"-Yoursmusthave beenalovelybirthdaygifttoOur Lady.Generosityisagift,dearCornerite,andIamquitesurethatOur BlessedLadyhasfavouredyouwith thisraregift.

AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindenclosedapostalnoteforfiveshillings, foryourBusbies.Ihopeyougetan overflowoftheLemonadeBottlebe'foretheendoftheyear.From LILYDALE.

DearLilydale,-Thanksforyourgift towardstheLemonadeBottle.Iam quitecertainthatwewillreachour goalthisyear,especiallyiftheBottleiskeptfedasitwasthisweek.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindenclosed£12s6dfortheBushies,in honouroftheSacredHeartandSt. Anthony,forfavoursreceived.Wishingyouthebestofluck. E.G.

DearE.G.,-Wewereverypleased withyourdonationfortheScheme, butIamsurethatwewerenothalf aspleasedastheSacredHeartandSt. Anthonywerewhentheyknewhow youweregoingtorepaythefavours youreceivedthroughtheirintercession. IhopeyouwillalwaysbeasthoughtfulandmayGodblessyouforyour generosity.

AUNTBESSY.

Fremantle.

DearAuntBessy,-Iamenclosing twopostalnotestothevalueof5sfor theBusbies.Itmighthavebeen only2/6,butIhadcarriedthefirst P.N.aroundinmybagforsolongthat myconscienceprickedmeintoadding anotheronebywayofinterestonaccountofthedelay.Itisjustalittle tokenofthanksgivingtoGodforall Hisgoodnesstome.HopingtheL.B. willbefilledtooverflowingthisyear, andwishingyouallthebest.Iwill closenow. "GRATEFUL."

DearGrateful,-Manythanksfor yourdonationtowardstheScheme.I amverygladyourconsciencepricked youintosendingustheextra2/6,becauseeverylittlepennyhelpsandit showsthatyouhaveagenerousheart.

DearAuntBessy,-Enclosedplease findpostalnotesfor5s.fortheBusbies' Scheme,and5s.forCastledareBoys' Home.

WELLWISHER.

DearWellwisher,-Bothpostalnotes arrivedheresafely,andweallthank youverymuch.BoththeBusbies andtheboysatCastledarewillnotforgetyour'generosityMayGodbless youalwaysisourwishforyou.The donotionforCastledarehasbeenforwarded.

AUNTBESSY.

AYoungPriest's FirstMass

(ByanEx-StudentOfSt.Joseph's, Fremantle.)

Lineswrittenontheoccasionofthe OrdinationtothePriesthoodofRev. FatherJamesBourke,August1,1943.

Inthegoldenlightofthemorning, AttheAltarofGodhestands, CladinhissnowyvestmentsAndclaspedhisanointedhands.

Inavoicebothlowandvibrant, HisGodhecommandstodescend: AnddowntothatlowlyAltar ComesJesus,hisMasterandFriend.

HumblyHisyoungPriestadoresHim, AndsweetouremotionsarethenAswegazeonthis"AlterChristus," Theenvyofangelsandmen.

Andlo!attheHolyCommunion, SweetJesusisbroughttoourheart BythatPriestsoyoungandsolowly, Fromthechildrenofmensetapart.

MayGodblessandguidehimforever, AsonwardsthroughlifehegoesMayMary'sbluemantleprotecthim Fromeveryattackofhisfoes.

TheColonialMutualFireInsurance COMPANYLIMITED.

FORALLCLASSESOFINSURANCE,INCLUDINGFIRE,HOUSEOWNER,andHOUSEHOLDER'SCOMPREHENSIVE,BURGLARY, PLATEGLASS,MOTORVEHICLE,CROPS,FIDELITY,GUARANTEE,WORKMEN'SCOMPENSATION,THIRDPARTY. NO.33BARRACKSTREET,PERTH.

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ModernTendencyistoDemand aFormative,DirectivePrinciple

(ContinuedfromPage15.1

entpointsintime,histheorycannot bedisprovedonthepresentevidence available,andhasthisinitsfavour thatitexplainstheabsenceoftransitionaltypes,afactwhichtheevolutionistfindssodifficult.Ofcourse, therearesomewhopointto"missing links"aspositivepiecesofevidence.A strangesortofargument.Ishould verymuchliketohearwhatwouldbe saidofatheologianwhotriedtoprove somethingbyanappealtothemissing pagesoftheBible. ,

Ifyouacceptthetheoryyoumust decidetowhatlimitsyoucanpushthe evidence.Theassumptionthatthe wholeanimalkingdomwasevolved

fromoneprimaryformhasnoscientificsupportwhatsoever.Thesameappliestotheanimalkingdom.That evolutionhastakenplaceinsidecertainspeciesseemstobefairlywellattested;butthisisnotevolutioninthe strictsenseatall.Thehistoryofthe horseisprobablythebestexample,and isusuallygivenintextbooks,with copiousdiagramsshowingaseriesof fossils,startingwithananimal12 incheshighwithfivetoesonthefront feetandfourontheback,andending withthehorseasweknowhim. Whatdoesthisprove?Itstartswith ahorseandendswithahorse.Surely thisisnoproofthatreptilesturninto birdsandanimalsturnintomen.

(TobeContinued.)

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YOUCANDOALLYOURSHOPPINGAT

oftheVatican.

Aneditorialinthe"SanFrancisco Examiner,"alsopublishedinHearst newspapersacrossthecountry,stated; "PopePiusXIIliftedaneloquent voiceagainstthedoctrinairedelusion of'socialrevolution'inhisVatican addresstotheworkers."

Theeditorialconcluded:"EveryAmericancanrespondtoPopePius'exhortation,foritconformstotheAmericanidealofwellrewardedfreelabour,underafreeGovernment."

The"BaltimoreSun"editorialstated thatthePope'saddress"willberead inthelightofthepresentsituationin Italy,"andaddedthatthissituation, particularlyforItalianworkmen,"isa melancholyone."Theeditorialstated that"morethanonetravellerhastold how,asthefolliesofMussolinihave becomemoreapparent,thepeopleof thatcountryhaveturnedtowardtheir ancientreligion,andmadecleartheir abilitytodistinguishbetweenthetemporalandtheirspiritualleaders."

Theeditorialcontinued:"Whatever elsemaybereadintothemessageof PopePius,itisclearthathetook painstoemphasisethisdistinction,and toexcoriatethosewhowouldseekto obliterateit.ItwouldsuitthepurposeofbothHitlerandMussoliniat thisjuncturetodivertthewrathof theirpeoplesfromthemselves.The Popeletsitbeknownthathesees throughthismanoeuvre,anddoesnot intendthattheItalianpeopleshallbe takeninbyitattheexpenseofthe Church.

"TheCatholicChurchofGermany hasalreadyproveditsabilitytomaintainitsintegrityinspiteofallthe pressurewhichHitlerhasbeenableto exert.PopePiusisclearlyseekingto strengthenthehandofItalianCatholics,andhelpthemkeepclearintheir mindsthedistinctionbetweenthe Governmentwhichhasbroughtthemto materialruin,andtheChurchwhich concernsitselfwithspiritualsalvation."

The"BostonGlobe"assertededitoriallythattheaddressofPopePius takesitsplacebesidethegreatEncyclicalofPopeLeoXIII.The "Globe"said:

"TheaddressofPopePiusXIIon 'TheChurchandLabour'isadocumentofhistoricalimportance.For themostpartanexplanationofdoctrineandpolicyoftheCatholicChurch withrespecttorelationsbetweenthe workman,hisemployer,andtheircommonsociety,inanhourofcrisis,neverthelessitbelongsbesidetheEncyclicalofhisgreatpredecessor,Leo XIII,onthejointresponsibilitiesof labourandcapital."

Montreal,July1.-"HisHolinessthe Popehasaddedhisauthoritativevoice tothoseworldleadersamongtheAllied Nationswhohavebeenappealingto labournottotakeadvantageofwar's extremitiestoadvanceitsowninterests,"saysthe"MontrealStar,"daily secularnewspaper,commentingonthe HolyFather'srecentaddress.

"ThePope,"theeditorialcontinues, "laidemphasisuponthefundamental pre-requisitesofsocialconcordandadequatepaywhichwillcoverlivingexpenses,andmakepossibletherearing

ofahealthy,nourished,andclothed familyinadwellingworthyofhuman beings,and'thepossibilityofsecuring forthechildrensufficientinstruction andabecomingeducation;offoreseeingandforestallingtimesofstress,sickness,andoldage.'

"Theseconditions,"HisHoliness warned,"areessentialifsocietyisnot tobeshakenateveryseasonbyturbulentfermentanddangerousuprising."

"ThesignificanceofthePope'saddressismanifest-Hewarnsagainst the'deceptiveenticementsandseductionsoffalseprophetsofsocialprosperity,'whoadvocatearevolution which'shalloverturnsocialorder,and assumeanationalcharacter.'UndoubtedlythePopewashereaddressinghimselftotheItalianworkmen,anddealingwithItalianconditions,buthis wordshaveanapplicationfarwider thanthelimitsofItalianterritory. Hisspeechwasasternindictment, withoutspecificallynamingthem,of theevilforcesofFascismandHitlerism."

"TheNIontrealGazette,"alsoadaily secularnewspaper,saidinitseditorial: "ThePope'smessageistoallthe world,andalltheworldhascauseto heedit.However,hiswordsmust havebeeninspiredchieflybyconditions inAxisItaly,whoselabourersmadeup hisimmediateaudience.Nohintof labourtroubleinsidetheAxishasgot pasttheircensorship,sothePope's wordsaredoublyinterestingasevidencethatItalianlabouratleastmust berestless.

'Inpreciselythesameway,added interestattachestothePope'sdenial ofthe'monstrousandabsurdcalumny' thattheCatholicChurchissupporting thewar.Obviously,this'calumny' mustbeafloatwithinAxisEurope-in thefreeworlditwouldnotbesodescribed.ItisasignificantcommentaryonthestateofAxismoralethat theworstanti-clericalslanderagainst theCatholicChurchshouldbethatitis supportingthewarlordsofBerchtesgadenandthePalazzoVenezia."

REVOLUTIONWILLNOT BRINGSOCIALJUSTICE

ContinuedfromFrontCover.)

Whocannotascertainforhimself thatnooneopposedtheoutbreakof thewarmoreinsistentlythanthe Papacy?"Ourwordsarewitnessesof thisandwedonotdenybydeedwhat weaffirmbyword.. TheChurch doesnotfearthelightoftruth,either forthepast,thepresent,orthefuture.

"Whenthecircumstancesofthetime andhumanpassionspermitorcallfor thepublicationofyetunpublished documentsconcerningtheconstantactivitypursuedduringthisterriblewar infavourofpeacebytheHolySee, whichhasfearedneitherrebuffsnor opposition,thestupidityofsuchaccusationswillappearinthefulllightof day."

HisHolinessaddedthatwhenthe truthisrevealedtheChurch'sdetractors,whotrytothrowonthePapacy theresponsibilityforthewarandwho actoutofaspiritofirreligionrather thanignorance,willbeconfounded.

TheHolyFatherurgedtheworkers toopenandclosetheirdaywithprayer andtokeepinmindthemoralpurpose oflife.Heurgedthemtoupholdand defendtheirpersonaldignityandnever toscandaliseyoungpeoplewhojoined thematwork.

ThePopegavehisblessingtothe workersandtotheirworkshops"that theymaybepreservedfromdangerand harm."