The Record Newspaper 28 July 1943

"Taste Tells"

CharlemagneRevivestheRomanEmpire WiththeFaithastheBondofUnion

TheChurch'sRoleintheSubsequentDisintegration . ImportanceofKnightlyChivalryandGuilds

HowtheHolyRomanEmpire SurvivedUntilOurOwnTime

Mohammedanism.

In622ahalf-crazedArabscampered acrossthedesertfromMeccatoMedina.Therewasnothingtosuggest thatanyimportanceshouldeverbe attachedtothisjourney;buttheman wasMohammed,andhisjourneywas the"FlightofProphet,"andfromit theMohammedansstilldatetheirera. Mohammedreturnedtohisnativecity attheheadofanarmedbandofhis followers,andtheyconquered.Many centuriesweretopassbeforehisfollowerswouldbehaltedintheirwhirlwindcareerofconquest.By711they hadconqueredthewholenorthern coastofAfricaandinvadedSpain, wheretheChristianGothsfledtothe mountains.OnandoverthePyrenees swarmedthehostsofIslam,andthey seemedtobeabouttooverrunthe ChristianWest,whentheywereconfrontedwiththeFranks,mustered underCharlesMartel,theMayorof thepalaceandall-butkingofthe Franks.Thismanhurledthemback overthePyrenees,andhisgrandson, CharlemagnegavetotheWestanew inspiration;forwiththesanctionof thePope,Martel'ssonassumedthe Frankishcrown,andinturn,atthe biddingofthePope,Martel'sgrandsonaddedtotheFrankishcrown,the imperialcrownofanewRomanEmpireoftheWest.

Charlemagne.

Europehasknownmanywarlords, andmostofthemhavebeenagentsof destruction;butCharlemagne,who spentmostofhislifeinthesaddleat theheadofarmedmen,realisedthat truemightdoesnotlieinthesword alone.Farfrombeingguiltyofwantonaggression,hestroveinhisvarious campaignstoestablishorderinthe placeofbarbarianconfusion;hisaim wasnotonlytosubduehisenemiesbut tocontroltheilliterateprincelingsthat governedhisdominionsashissubordinates.Tothisend,hesetupasys-

ternofroyaloverseerswhowereto actasjudgesandadministratorsin eachdistrictunderhisauthority. Charlemagne'sempirewasnotdestined tosurvivehimformanyyears,andit wouldhavehadbutlittleinfluence onhistory,hadhenotformedaclose alliancewiththeHolySee.Called intodefendthePopeagainsttheLombards,CharlemagnereceivedtheimperialcrownfromthePopeonChristmasDayintheyear800.Thememoryofthegreatpastwasstillstrong, andtherevivalatthehandsofthe PopeoftheRomanEmpiregaveto theChristianworldanewideal-that ofanempireinwhichtheChristian faithwastobethebondofunion.

UnderthedirectionofhisEnglish Benedictinefriend,Alcuin,Charlemagnestruggledtoprovidehisilliterateempirewithmonasticschools.

ThesecentresoflearningweretosufferinthecollapseoftheCarolingian empire,butstillitwasthroughthem thatCharlemagne'sinfluenceforgood provedlasting.Andtheideaofthe Christianempirewastosurvivehim. However,theempirediddisintegrate, andtheconfusionandturmoilofthe ninthcenturycanbestbesummedup bythestatementthatcivilianlifeceasedtoexist.Ontheonehand,there werethefightingmenwhodivided theirtimebetweenhunting,war,and harassingpeasants;ontheotherwas theChurch.Townsinsofarasthey existedwereecclesiasticalsettlements --groupsofartisanssettledround themonasteryorepiscopalseewhich theyserved.Buteachseeandeach monasteryhaditsschool.Andsowe cometothetenthcentury,andifwe omitItaly,wheresomeremnantsof theancientcivilliferemained,wesee theChurchbeginningherworkofplantingcivilisationinasoilthathadfallen backintoitsvirginstate.

Itwouldtakemetoolongtogive anyadequateaccountofhowthetask

ofcivilisingEuropewaseffected;I shallcontentmyselfwithpointingto afewheadsunderwhichthematter mightbegrouped.

TheTenth.CenturyMonasticSchools.

Apartfromtheteachingofthe Faith,themonasticcurriculumwas verylargelyinspiredbytheCompendiumofCassiodorus.Thiswork,which hadsurvivedfromitscompositionas amonastictextbookinthesixthcentury,comprised:grammarbasedon Donatus,rhetoricfromCicero,anddialecticsfromBoethius.Thesesubjects wereknownasthe"Arts,"andthe modernuniversitywhichconfersdegreesinartsstillbearswitnesstoits descentfromthemonasticschools. FromtheArts-laterknownasthe "Trivium,"theCompendiumledthe studentontothefourdisciplines, whichinturnweretobeknownas the"Quadrivium"-arithmetic,geometry,astronomy,andmusic.The twelfthcenturysawagreatincrease intheattendanceatthemonasticand episcopalschools,andthatsamecentury-largelyasaresultoftheCrusades-foundthemindsofChristian menbeingdisturbedbyaprofounder discipline-thephilosophyofthe ancientGreeks,reintroducedfrom Arabsources,whereithadundergone somechangesfortheworse.Inorder tomeetthemenacetotheFaith,the ecclesiasticalschools,now,attheend ofthetwelfthcentury,takingonthe proportionsofuniversities,badtoturn tothestudyofphilosophy.ButIam goingbeyondmyperiod:bythetime theschoolstooktophilosophy,the civilisingoftheWestwasnolongera processoftillingthevirginsoil,butof reapingarichharvest.Tosayso littleoftheChurch'sworkforthe schoolsandforlearningistoleavea noblestoryuntold,butImustsay awordoftheChurch'sworkforthe warriorsofEurope.

Chivalry.

Tospeakoftheknightlycodeas thoughitweresomethingwhollydevisedbyecclesiasticalreformerswould betocommitagrossblunder.Much ofitwasduetothewarrior'sproudrefusaltotakeadvantageoftheweaknessofhisopponent;stillmorewas

duetothewarrior'seagernesstowin thefavourofthefairsex,andnota littleofitsetiquettewasborrowed, throughSpain,fromtheMoslem courts.WhattheChurchdidwasto baptisethewarrior'sheart.Fighthe must,thenlethimvownevertodraw hisswordexceptinthecauseofjusticeandoftenindefenceoftheweak. Again,lethisregardforwomanbe governedbytheChristianconceptof womanhood,exaltedinthepersonof Mary,tothedignityofGod'simmaculateMother.Sotheconferringof knighthoodbecameareligiousceremonyprecededbyConfessionanda vigilinthechurch,andthenewknight sanctifiedhisvowswiththereception ofHolyCommunion.Itwasinevitable thatthefightingshouldgoon;the cattleofEuropewerealldescended fromherdsstolenandstolenbackat thepointofthesword,norcouldany tribunaldecidetheownershipofland; sotheChurchtriedtolimitfeudalwarfaretosomanyhoursaweek.The "TruceofGod"wasestablishedto sanctifySundayandtheweek-end. Sometimesthebanonwarfarecovered thepenitentialseasons,too.Finally, thecalltotheCrusadesgavethewarriorsofEuropeacauseforwhichthey couldfightwithoutqualmofconscience,andincidentallytheybrought Europeintocontactwiththesplendour andcultureoftheEast.Fortwo wholecenturiestheknightsoftheWest streamedacrossEuropeinaneffortto haveChristendomfromtheadvance ofIslam,andiftheCrusadershad butintermittentsuccessinattaining theirimmediateobjectofwinningback theHolyPlacesfromtheInfidel,it mustberememberedthattheydid succeedinholdingbacktheadvance oftheSaracen.TheysavedtheWest.

IhavespokenoftheChurch'swork forthescholarandtheknight.Now, awordaboutthemerchantandthe craftsman.

TheTowns.

Itwouldbeanexaggerationtosay thatthemedievaltownswerethecreationoftheChurch;indeedwehave manyinstancesoftownsstruggling towintheirindependenceofmonastic control;butthefactremainsthat

(ContinuedonBackCover.)

*ByFatherLalor

*TheCatholicAnswer

HasaCelibate AnyRighttoGiveAdviceonMarriage?

ThreeoutofeveryfourMarriagesendindivorce!!

WhatistheChurch'sAttitudetoLongEngagements?

*Church'sStandonDivorce

ourbodyatdeath,butweareswept Buthumanlifewithitstremendous

isatoceintanerworld. urdestinyniseteronal,ontheverending.OHuman dant,estinyand i isjmportant. ustastremendouslysignific beingsarenotmereanimals,forwhomQ."Inaradioaddressaphysicianon

BasedonNaturalLawandShe

WillNeverModifyit

destinedtoshareafterdeathinthe allisoveratdeath;theyarepersons, thestaffofabighospitaloncesaid kindoflifethatGodlives,withbodies thatmarriageisafailure,thatthree outoffourmarriagesendindivorce, asradiantaswasChrist'sasHestood andthattheonethatenduresdoesso

A.:Ithinkit'snonsense.AndI knowthatstatisticscanprovehiscontentiontobeabsolutelyincorrect.

Thereis,however,ontheotherhand, onlyonereligionwhosedoctrinescan makeforpermanentandsuccessful marriage,andtheCatholicChurchis theonlyorganisationintheworldthat stillbelievesinthesanctityandthe beautyandthepossibilityoftheSACRAMENTofMatrimony.

transfiguredonMountThabor. riage,thechannelthroughwhichhuAndthatisthereasonwhymaronlybecauseofreligiousreasonsor becausetherearechildreninthefamily.Whatdoyouthinkofthis?' manlifecomesintotheworld,isinthe eyesoftheChurchenormouslyimport- Q.:"Whatrighthasanunmarriedoftenofthesolutionswhichtheyant.Marriageisnotthechancemat- priest,boundbythevowsofcell-themselveshaveworkedout.Innurn-ingofbeasts.Itistheunionof bacy,togiveadviceandcounselonerablepeoplecometohimtotalktorational,immortalchildrenofGod.It marriage?" him,toconsulthim,toworkoutwithmakespossibletheproductionof A.:Maybeyourememberthestoryhisadvicetheirlife'svocation. humanlifethroughanactthatiswonoftheliterarycriticwhowastaunted 4.Thepriesthasanotherdecidedad-derfulandbeautifulco-operationwith becausehewhohadneverwrittenavantage:Hecandrawontherichex-thecreator.Andwhenhumanlifeis novel,hadthepresumptiontocriticiseperienceoftheChurch,whofortwentybeautifullyandsafelybroughtinto novelsandnovelists?Thecritic'scenturieshasbeendeeplyconcernedtheworld,andwhenthatlifeistrainanswerwasbriefbuttothepoint:"Iwithhumanhappinessandwiththeedandeducatedforitseternaldestiny, don'tknowhowtolayanegg,butIdopromotionofallthatmakeslifelessalliswell.Butwhenwedonotco- knowhowtotellagoodomeletfromdifficultandmoresatisfying.EveryoperatefullywithGod,theconseabadone." resourseoftheChurchisatthepriest'squencestothehumanracemaybeap-

Apriestisremarkablywellequippedcommand,andthosewhoseekhisad-palling. todiscussmarriageproblems,for: viceandcounselaretherebybenefited.

TheChurchknowsthatChristcon- Whenapriestgivesadviceorcounsel

1.Thefactthathehimselfisunmar- sideredthishumanrelationship-mar- onloveormarriage,heisnotoffering riedpermitshimtoviewmarriage riage,sufficientlyimportanttoraiseit hisprivatejudgmentonthesematters: withoutprejudiceorbias. tothedignityofasacrament. heisspeakingwiththeage-old,world-

2.Inhisownfieldthepriestisina

Iwouldbeafooltoinsistthatthere issuchathingasamarriagewithout difficulties.Butthenthereisnocareerofanykindthatdoesnotpresent difficulties.Ibelievethatallmarriagessufferfromtrialandstrain.But thesameistrueofanycareerthata manorawomanundertakes.

ButIbelieve,too,thatpeoplecan anddomakeasuccessofmarriage.I knowthatpeopledocomethrough theirdifficultiesandattainpeaceand calmandasenseofachievementin theirhomeandtheirchildren.Ibelievethatbecauseofmarriagethese peoplehavefounddeephappinessand strength.

Marriageistheonlymeansbywhich

TheChurchknowsthatGodpunishes ly-wiseexperienceoftheCatholic positionsomewhatanalogoustothatofChurch. anyabuseofmarriageasHepunishes aphysicianoralawyer.Thesuccess noothersin.Wehearalotto-day ofaphysiciandoesnotdependonhis Q."Isn'ttheChurchrathermedievalaboutcertainsocialdiseases,andthe havinghadthediseasethatheistry- inherwholeattitudetowardsmar-ravagestheyaremakingamongstour ingtocureinhispatient.Thesac- riage?IreallyfeelthatShesur-youngpeople.Wellthesesocialdiscessofalawyerdoesnotdependon roundsitwithtoomanyunnecessaryeasesareamongtheterriblepunishhishavingbeeninadifficultysimilar things,likebanns,promises,engage-mentsthatGodplacesuponthosewho totheonefromwhichheistryingto molts,andeventheritualofthesinagainstloveandmarriage. extricatehisclient. marriageitself?"

Quitethecontrary.Boththephy- A.:Medieval?Yes-ifitismedievalhumanlifecansafelyentertheworld, sicianandthelawyerareexperts.toregardmarriageasaverysacredtheonlywayinwhichchildrenshould. Eachhasbeentrainedinhisprofes-andaverysolemnthing;ifitismedic-begiventoGod,theonlyGod-approvsion.Thehealthierthephysician,thevalfortheChurchtoregardhumanedwayofreplenishingtheearth. betterfittedheistocareforhislifeasveryimportantandverybeau- SotheChurchrightlyinvestsmarpatient;themorelaw-abidingthelaw-tiful. riagewithdignity.Shewishesher yer,themoreableheistosatisfyhis Wesometimesforgetthatmarriagechildrentobemarriedatthealtarof clients.Andthepriest,whoistrain-wasinstitutedbyGodprimarilytoin-God,withChrist,intheEucharistas edtohandletheproblemsthatarisesurethebringingofhumanlifeintothefirstguestoftheirweddingfeast. fromhumanrelationships,hasthetheworld.Ifyou,likemanymoderns, Sheaskstheyoungcoupletopermit righttogiveadviceandcounselonconsiderthatthehumanbeingisnothebannstobeproclaimedthreetimes marriage,because: morethanananimal,thenyoumust,duringatleastthreesuccessiveweeks

(a)Hisknowledgeofmoraltheologyofcourse,considertheChurchold-beforethemarriage.Threeweeksare showshimallanglesofloveandmar-fashioned.Thorthen,fromyourview-ashortenoughspaceoftimeforthe riageastheyhavepresentedthemsel-point,theunionofhumanbeingscouldconsiderationofastepasimportantas vesinallagesandastheyhavebeenbenomoreimportantthanwouldbetheonetheyaregoingtotake. interpretedbytheChurch. theunionofanyotheranimals,and TheChurchblessesthebridewith

(b)Hisstudiesinpastoraltheologythenew-bornchildonlyatriflemoreveryspecialblessings.Forthebride havetrainedhiminthesympatheticsignificantthananew-bornape;theisveryimportant.Shewillbethe approachtoandunderstandingofhu-associationandsexrelationsofani-bearerofhumanlife.Shewillmother manrelationships, maleandthebirthofoneanimalmorechildrenofGod.

(c)Hisreadingofprofessionalpriest-orless,couldnotbevastlyimportant. Themodernslipshodcontemptfor lyjournalskeepshimcurrentlyinform- Lifegivesmanthatonegreatoppor-marriageisjustanotherindicationthat edonthenewestthoughtanddevelop-tunityofearningtheintense,dyna-themodernworldhasgrowncontempmentsinthisfield. miclifewiththetrinitythatawaitstuousofhumanbeingsandofhuman 3.Hispriestlyexperiencegiveshimusafterdeath,Youknow,oncewelife.Thatcontemptispartofthe averydecidedadvantage.Manypeo-beginourlifeashumanbeingsweignobleattitudethatregardsmanasa ple,marriedandsingle,tellhimofneverceasetoexist,notevenforthemereanimal.Andanimallife,even theirproblemsanddifficultiesandfractionofamomentaswepartfromnewanimallife,isnotvastlyimportant.

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Iamwillingtoadmit,however,that thekindofmarriagethatthedoctor probablyhadinmindislikelytobea failure:amarriagebasedonpassion; enteredintowithouttheblessingof God'ssacrament;lived,notinahome, butinanefficiencyflat;shotthrough withrefusalstoaccepttheresponsibilityofchildrenandwiththoughtsofa possible"out"throughdivorce;completelylackinginthosesmallbutessentialsacrificesthataredemandedof husbandandwife;andperhapspunctuatedwithalittlewinkingatinfidelity. Thatkindofmarriageisverylikely tobeafailure.

ButthenwearethinkingofChristianmarriages.

Q.:"Howlongdoyouthinka()Duple shouldkeepcompany?"

A.:Longenoughtoknoweachother thoroughly,tohaveseeneachother undervariousandvariedcircumstances,tohavelearnedhowmanyintereststheyhaveincommon,andtohave testedthedurabilityoftheiraffection, or,ifyoulike,thedepthoftheirlove. Butthecompany-keepingshouldbe shortenoughsothattheywillnotgrow tiredofeachotherorbecometheocca-

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sionofdangeroustemptationforeach other.

Hawlongisthat?Thatdepends entirelyonthecouple.

Q.:"WhatistheChurch'sattitudetowardslongengagements?"

A.TheChurchhasthesameattitude thatanypersonoranyorganisation withasenseofmoralityandhonour wouldhavewithrespecttohumanhappiness.

Sometimeslongengagementscan't beavoided.Unforeseendifficulties mightcropup,marriagebecomesim. possible;it'sjustunfortunate;everybodyissorryforthecouple--theymay evenhesorryforthemselvesiftheir marriageislongdelayed.

Butthereisquiteadifferencebetweenadeliberatelylongengagement andanengagementthatislongbecause ofunavoidabledifficulties.Adeliberatelylongengagementisgenerallya greatmistake.

Firstofall,suchanengagementis likelytobethecauseofmoraldanger toboththemanandthewoman.If theyareengaged,theyevidentlyar.. inlove;theyhaveagreedtomarry; theyintendtomarry.Stilltheydonot marry.Well,theyhavethenatural passionsanddesiresthatarecommon tomostmenandwomen.Thesethey cannotlegitimatelysatisfyoutsideof marriage.Sotheirsituationbecomes difficultanddangerous,andoftennervouslyirritating.

Then,too,alongengagementisusuallyveryunfairtothewoman.Often longengagementsdonotendinmarriage.Unsoughtandunwantedspinsterhoodisasadandquitetoocommonconsequenceoflongengagements.

Q.:"IsitsinfulforaCatholicgirlto gowithamanwhoregardsthe Churchasutterlyinsaneandher moralstandardsasridiculous?"

A.:Thereisjustoneinsanefactor inallthis,andthatisthegirl'sgoing withamanwhothinksthatway.

Imaginetrustingyourlifetoachap whothinksthatthemoralstandards bywhichyouliveandwillcontinueto liveareridiculous!Howcouldsucha unionultimatelyleadtoanything otherthanunhappiness?

Infact,aunionlikethatjustdoesn't makesense.

But,then,manymarriagesthese daysseemnottomakesense.

Q."Howlongafterbecominginterestedinanon-CatholicshouldtheCatholicbroachthequestionofthe Church'sattitudetowardsmarriage?"

A.:ThesensibleCatholicwouldsubstitutetheword"before"forthe word"after"inthatquestion:"How longbeforebecominginterested.. " AwiseCatholicwouldascertainthe non-Catholic'sreactiontotheChurch's attitudeonmarriagebeforehebecomes seriouslyinterestedinorinvolvedwith anon-Catholic.

Iknowofanumberofpossiblemarriagesthatwentupinsmokethemin. utetheCatholicmentioned-evencasually-whattheChurchteachesabout birthcontrolordivorceorfidelityin marriageorCatholiceducation.

WhentheCatholicdidmentionthe Church'sstandonanyofthesesubjects, thenon-Catholiceitherlaughedorlook. edsurprise,ordumbfounded,orbegan toargueviolentlythattheChurchis outofdateorimpossible,orhideously cruel.

Manynon-Catholicsareinclinedtobe resentfulofCatholicprinciples,even thoughtheseprinciples,whilereinforcedandclarifiedbyChrist'slawandrevelationandbackedbytheexperience ofhistory,proceedreallyfromthe naturallaw.

Soitisbettertohaveashow-down beforetheheartbecomesinvolved;bettertolearnthesethingsearlythan tohavetoendureconsiderableagony ofsoullateron.

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Q.:"IsitwrongforaCatholicgirlto gotoutwithadivorcedman?"

A.:Itisdecidedlywrong;itisunutterablystupid;itisfrightfullydishonest.

Itiswrongbecausethegirlisplacingherselfintheoccasionofsin-in thiscasethesinofadultery.Itis wrungbecauseaCatholicgirlwhogoes withadivorcedman,evenifshedoes

questionfully,butImightperhaps bringthesepointstoyournotice:

1.Thelawagainstdivorceisasold asismankind;itispartofthegreat naturalmoralcode.Thatcodewas relaxedfortheJews"byreasonofthe hardnessof(their) hearts,"as Christsaid.Butdivorcehasalways beenintrinsicallywrong,becauseithas alwaysmilitatedagainstlove,against

ancientlawinallitsvigour.Inthis, asinallHislaws,Hewasactingfor thehappinessofmankind.

3.Divorcemakesiteasyformento castwomenaside,forwomanissae weakerandlessprotectedpartytothe marriagecontract;divorcedeprives childrenofahomeandthejointprotectionandtrainingthatamother andafathertogethershouldgive.

TheChurch'sstandondivorceis outofdate?Evenatthetimeof Christdivorcewasuniversal.Only theuninformedpersonthinksofdivorce asaninstitutionpeculiartoourtimes. WhentheRomanshadlostrespectfor marriage,andhadgrowncontemptuousofhumanlife,theybegantopracticedivorce.WhentheJewslosttheir ancientrespectformarriage,theywere permittedexceptionandtheypracticeddivorce.

EvenifChristhadbeenmerelya humanlegislator(andHecertainly wasmorethanthat),Hewouldhave beenjustified,infaceoftheterrible effectsofdivorcethatHesawall aroundHim,inpromulgatingalaw againstdivorce.HeknewthatHe wasacting,notcruelly,butforthe goodofmankind,whenHerestated theancientnaturallawandthelawof God.

TheChurchwillnevermodify Christ'slawondivorce.Fortheindissolubilityofmarriageis:

AlawofGod;

Alawofnature;

TheclearlyexpressedlawofChrist.

Divorce,toputthecaseverybriefly, iswrong,because:

1.Itisforbiddenbynature,byGod, andexplicitlybyChrist.

2.Itisdestructiveoftheessential unityofmarriage.Divorcecorrupts marriage-theonlymeansbywhich childrencansafely,honourably,and legitimatelybebroughtintotheworld.

3.Itdestroysthehome,inwhich childrenshouldbesafelyandhappily rearedandeducated.

4.Itabetsandisassociatedwith,as historyclearlyshows,widespreadnationalimmorality.

Humanlifemustbesafelybroughtintotheworldandsafeguardedby parents,whoarepermanently,nottransiently,united. notintendtomarrytheman,gives scandalandencouragesotherCatholic girlstogooutwithdivorcedmen.It iswrongbecause,whateverhernoble intentions,sherunstheriskoffalling inloveandofprecipitatingallthe perilsofa"marriage"whichisnomarriageatall.

Itisstupidbecausesheiswasting hertimeonamanshecannotmarry. Sheisindangeroffallinginlove withhim,whichmeansthatsheeither willhavetoputupwithaheartbreakwhenshepartsfromhim,orwill havetosufferthelossofherreligion ifshemarrieshim.

Itisfrightfullydishonest,because inGod'seyesthatmanisstillmarried. Hisloyaltyandloveanddevotionbelongtoanotherwoman.Thegirlwho isgoingoutwithhimischeatinganotherwoman.Anditispossiblethat sheisinadditionpreventingareconciliationbetweenthemanandhiswife. Perhapsifhedidnothavethesolace ofthisgirl'ssocietyhewouldreturn tohis-wife.Sothegirlisperhapsaidingandabettinginkeepingtheman andhiswifeapart.

Believeme,alongthewayofkeepingcompanywithadivorcedmanlies nottheslightestpossibilityofhappiness.

Q.:"IcannotbutfeelthattheChurch's standondivorceiscruelandoutof date,andwillcertainlybemodified intime."

A.:TheChurchdidnot,strictlyspeaking,originateherstandondivorce.The lawagainstdivorceisthelawofGod, andwasfromtheverybeginningadictateofthenaturallaw.Thelawwas repromulgatedbyJesusChrist,the DivineTeacher.Andinherstandon divorcetheChurchismerelyacting astheguardianofthelawwhichfrom thebeginningGodlaiddownforthe protectionofhumanity,thestability ofthefamily,andthesafetyofwomen andchildren.TheChurch'sattitude inthisregardisbasedonhergreat respectforhumanlife,whichmustbe safelybroughtintotheworldandsafeguardedbyparentswhoarepermanently,nottransiently,united.

Thereisnotimenowtogointothis

thehome,againstthesafebearingand thesoundrearingofchildren.

2.Christ,themercifulandtender Friendofhumanity,broughtbackthe

5.Itisasignofnationaldegeneracy andleadstoyetdeeperdegeneracy.

Allthisismoreorlessbywayofa synopsis.Thequestionofdivorcehas beenadequatelyandsplendidlytreatedinbooksthathavebeenwrittenby Catholicswhoareauthoritiesonthe subject.

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'WhentheJewishSacrificesBeauneaHollow Pretence. 'WalachiaProphesiedtheVass

"Acleanoblation auniversal NeedofInteriorSelf-Offering

(ARecentSermonPreachedinSt.Mary'sCathedral byRev.Dr.J.T.McMahon,M.A.)

TheOldLawwentbeforeandpointedthewaytotheNewLaw.The Jewishfaithinitsdoctrine,inits moralcode,andinitssacrificeswasa shadow,afigure,asymbol,atypeof whatwastosucceedandreplaceitin theCatholicChurchfoundedbyChrist.

TheJewishsacrificeswereacceptabletoGodwhenman'sselfsacrifice wasjoinedtothevictim'sdeathand thevisiblegiftrepresentedtheinvisible offering.TheJewishsacrificeswere effectivewhentheywereofferedinthe nameandinthehopeoftheRedeemer tocome.Atlength,sacrificeamong theJewsdeterioratedintoanempty ceremony,anexternalparadeaccordingtotheletteroftheLaw.All therequirementsoftheLaw,aspresentedintheBookofLeviticus,were fulfilled;theanimalswerecarefully chosen,theywereslainandtheirblood pouredbesidethealtar,buttherewas nodevotionintheheartsoftheofferers.Priestsandpeoplecaredonly fortheexternalact,itsprocession, ritual,andvestments.Thehearts oftheoffererswereunturnedtowardsGod,andtheirwillswereheedlessofHislaw.Apureintention,a cleanheart,andanuprightlifewere notexpressedbythevictim'sblood. Theywerephysicallypresentatthe altarofsacrifice,andnothingmore.

ThenGodspokethroughHisprophet wordsthatrejectedforevertheSacrificesoftheOldLaw,wordsthatclosed itsTemple,andextinguishedthefires onitsaltars.Malachias,whosename signifies"theAngeloftheLord,"the lastoftheprophets,spokethesewords somefourhundredyearsbeforethe comingofChrist:-

"Ihavenopleasureinyou,saiththe Lordofhosts; AndIwillnotreceiveagiftfromyour hand.

Forfromtherisingofthesunevento thegoingdown, MynameisgreatamongtheGentiles: Andineveryplacethereissacrifice Andthereisofferedtomynamea cleanoblation.

FormynameisgreatamongtheGentiles, SaiththeLordofhosts.

(Malachias,1,10-11.)

Thesewords,visiblyaflamewiththe authenticfireofprophecy,arefulfilled to-day,andwemustask:Where?

"Ihavenopleasureinyou,"rings thedeathknellofJewishworship.The Jewishsacrificeswererejected,notso muchbecausetheywereinferior,just figuresandtypes,butbecauseman hadmadethemahollowpretence,a coldofficialceremonyinwhichthere wasnoself-offeringtoGod.

"AndIwillnotreceiveagiftofyour hand,"forposturingcanneverdeceive God,andHewillnotbesatisfiedwith thebarrenceremonialofanexternal worship.

"Forfromtherisingofthesuneven tothegoingdown."Theprophet piercestheveilofthefutureandhe seesasacrificewhich lastaslo.lg astimelasts,adaily rificewhich goesroundtheearthwiththedawn,

offeredineveryaleani.:everyland, "andineveryplacethereissacrifice."

"Andthereisofferedtomyname acleanoblation."Gonearetheholocaustswhichdailywereofferedbefore theAltarofHolocaustsfacingtheentranceoftheCourtoftheTabernacle. Gonearetheblood-sheddingsacrifices sofavouredintheOldLaw.Andin theirplacewillcomea"cleanoblation,"moreacceptabletoGodthanall thesacrificesoftheOldLaw.

"Formynameisgreatamongthe Gentiles."Whatwordsarethese fromaJewishprophet?AreGod's "chosenpeople"tobecastasidefor theheathenGentiles?Daringwords, surely!WordsthatwillnotbewelcometotheJews,whosenationwasa holyone,andwhosereligionwasanationalone.ThataJewishprophet shouldariseanddeclarethecomingrejectionbyGodofthosesacrifices whichdatebacktoCainandAbel, whichthePatriarchsoffered,and whichhadbeenunceasinglyoffered fromthetimeofMosestotheday oftheprophet,wasanunnationalanri unpatrioticsentiment.But,thatthe samevoiceshouldprophecythatthe ancientriteoftheirfatherswastobe replacedby"acleanoblation,"which wouldnolongerbetheprerogativeof theirrace,butwastobeoffered everywhere,auniversalsacrifice,was ascandalintheirears,andabsolutely abhorrenttothem.Thisbreakwith thetraditionsofhisracewassensational,butitmakesofMalachiasthe greaterprophetifhiswordsaretrue.

WhereisThisProphecyFulfilled?

ThissacrificespokenofbyMalachias isnottheSacrificeoftheCross,which wasofferedonlyonceonGoodFriday, atoneplace,nearJerusalem,andina bloodymanner,sheddingthelastdrop ofHisBlood.Itcannotbeasacrificeofthesoul,forthatisnothing new,andwasneverrejectedbyGod. Asacrificeexiststo-day,foritisessentialtotheworshipofGod.Consequently,wemustconcludethatMalachias'prophecyisfulfilledintheSacrificeoftheMass,whichisabloodless sacrifice("acleanoblation"),which hasbeenunceasinglyofferedsinceits institution("fromtherisingofthe suntothegoingdown"),andisauniversalsacrifice("ineveryplacethere issacrifice").

Godliftedtheveilofthefuture,so thatMalachias,wholivedfourhundred yearsbeforeChristcameonearth, couldlookintotheupperroomatthe LastSupper,andhearChrist'scommand:"Dothisforacemmemoration ofMe,"andseemanobeyingitfrom risingtosettingsun,whenthepriceof ourransomishandedovertoGod anewoneveryaltar.

Christperformedasolemnactof worshipbeforetheattentiveeyesof theApostles.Takingbreadandwine Hespokeextraordinarywords,which fellupontheireagerears,nevertobe forgotten.Swiftlyflewtheirthoughts tothatsceneatCapharnaum,theday followingthemultiplicationofthe

YellowCabs RepairsAllMakes ofCars

sacrifice unceasinglyoffered"

allduetothat"cleanoblation"which isoffereddailyfromouraltars.Itis theMassthatmatters.Ineverynationwherethealtarsofsacrificeare multipliedandwellserved,therethe faithflourishes.Andwhatistrue ofapeopleisequallytrueofindividuals.RecallthosewordsofrejectionofMalachias:"Ihavenopleasure inyouandIwillnotreceiveagift fromyourhand."Thepeopleofold deservedthembecausetherewasno self-offeringintheirsacrifices.They theyremainedcoldandindifferent. HaveyouandInocauseforheartsearching?Eachoneofusmayask ourselves:arethesewordsofwarning addressedtome?DoIalsofulfil theletterofthelawbyamerephysical presenceatMassonSundays?Today,asintheOldLaw,theLordexpectsthatinsacrificetheofferercomes withthegift.IntheOldLawthe JewsbroughttheanimalstotheTempletobesacrificed,butmanyofthem lefttheirheartsathome.Whatgift dowebringwithustoMassonSundays?Dowebringthegiftsthe Lordwantsfromus,thegiftofourselves,thegiftofadisciplinedand chastebody,thegiftofalovingand trustingheart,thegiftofsorrowand reparationforoursins,thegiftofresignationandsubmissiontoHisHoly Will,nomatterhowheavilythehand ofsufferingmayleanuponus,andthe giftofanunselfishlife?

Sacrificeisasign.Ofolditbecameanempty,hollowsign,andwas, conseqently,rejected.TheSacrifice oftheMassmayalsobecomeapretence,unlesswestirourselvesand joinwiththeexternalactofworship ourinteriorself-offering.

ITISTHEMASSTHATMATTERS.

loavesandfishes,andHiswordscame echoingbacktothem.

"Amen,amen,Isayuntoyou:ExceptyoueatthefleshoftheSonof Man,anddrinkHisblood,youshall nothavelifeinyou.

"HethateatethMyflesh,anddrinkethMyblood,hatheverlastinglife, andIwillraisehimuponthelastday.

"ForMyfleshismeatindeed:and Mybloodisdrinkindeed.

"HethateatethMyflesh,anddrinketh Myblood,abidethinMe,andIinhim."

(St.John,VI.,54-57).

HereintheSupperroom,ontheeve ofHisdeath,thosewordsofpromise arefulfilled.TheHolySacrificeof theMassisinstitutedastheApostles andtheirsuccessorsarecommanded: "DothisforacommemorationofMe," andindoingitSt.Paulsaystheyshow forthChrist'sdeathtotheendof theworld.Godconfirmsthewordsof Malachias,Hisprophet.

Malachias'Warning.

FromtheMasshasflownastream ofblessingsthroughtheWest,growing withtheyears,asthestreamgrows asitrunstothesea.Thereisonly oneexplanationoftheprogressof theCatholicChurchinthisState:itis

Shouldafatheroramotherlearn fromthecommentsoftheirchildren thattheynolongerheldtheiraffection,howcouldanygiftsthefamily mightmake,nomatterhowexpensive theymaybe,beaccetabletothat fatherormother?Thefatheror motherwouldlookuponsuchgiftsas keepingupapearances,asanidlegesture,asanactofinsincerity.

TheMassisthehighestactofworship,themostpreciousgiftthatwe canofferbacktoGod.TheMassis anexternalactofworshipinwhich wearecommandedtoparticipateon Sundaymornings.Butitcandeteriorateintoanactofinsincerityunless ourinteriordevotionandgenerous self-offeringarejoinedwithourattendanceinChurch.TheMasswill enrichusaccordingtowhatweput intoit.ItistheMassthatmatters, butitwillmatterforusonlywhen weprayitfromwithin.

-Washdaysare Easier

RelaxSoapwilltakethehard workoutofwashdaysfor YOU,Relay.isgentleonthe fabricandyourhands;washes clothesasnowywhite;and NOhardrubbingisnecesEASY sary.AlwaysuseRELAXin YOURwashtub(Obtainableinthreesizes.)

MADEINW.A.BYWEBTRALIANSOAPSLTD.

SEVERALpointsofinterestwere containedinanaddressbyProfessorG.E.Nichollsduringtheweek toaninformalgatheringofmembers oftheUniversitySenateandteaching staff.TheProfessorwasadvocating theteachingofbiologyasthemostsatisfaetoryintroductionfortheadolescenttothefactsoflife.Therewasin biologyplaceneitherforpruderynor prurience;therewasnothingcommon orunclean,theProfessorcontended. "Inthis,asinitsinsistenceontruth, itshouldformanessentialpartofthe studiesinschools-themoresothat inmodernStateeducationreligiousinstructionisnotprovided."

Thisisaverygracefultributeto thereligiousschools.FortheProfessorwasobviouslyawareoftheperils attendingtheimpartingofsexknowmonsueminenininonsosnemmuummiemensoommeheus

AUSTRALIANJOURNEY

AnewandrevisededitionofPaul McGuire'sentertainingbook,which coversthewholeAustralianScene. Writtenwithallthestrongfeelingof anAustralianforhisnativeplace,it isoneofthemostsuccessfulofrecent Australianworks.Ithas33finehalftoneplates,andanewmap.

Price,13/6;postage51d.

IIIsorrGARMENTS.

AcollectionofOxfordConferences, bytheRightReverendMgr.Ronald Knox.Afinerefreshercourseinthe fundamentalsoftheFaith.

Price,10/-;postage,31d.

LOUISEDEMARILLAC.

ByM.V.Woodgate.Thisdelightfulbiographyofagreatlady,whowith St.VincentdePaul,foundedtheOrder oftheFrenchSistersofCharity,is trulyafinebook.

Price,10/-;postage,31d.

THEEUCHARISTIC RENAISSANCE.

AstudyofInternationalEucharistic Movement.ByT.M.Schwertner,O.P. Formerly,10/-;now5/-;postage,5/d.

ANEWARRIVALOFBOOKSBY REVERENDFATHEROWEN FRANCISDUDLEY.

WillMenBeLikeGodsPapercover,4/6;postage21d.extra.

WillMenBeLikeGods?Clothcover,6/9;postage21extra.

ShadowontheEarthPapercover,5/6;postage,2/d.extra.

ShadowontheEarthClothcover,6/9;postage,31d.extra.

TheMasterfulMonkPapercover,5/6;postage,31d.extra.

TheMasterfulMonkClothcover,7/9;postage,41d.extra.

ThePageantofLifePapercover,6/9;postage,31d.extra.

ThePageantofLifeClothcover,8/3;postage,31d.extra.

ComingoftheMonsterPapercover,5/6;postage,41d.extra.

ComingoftheMonsterClothcover,7/9;postage,4/d.extra.

TheTremaynesandtheMasterful MonkPapercover,6/9;postage,3/d.extra.

TheTremaynesandtheMasterful MonkClothcover,8/3;postage,41.extra.

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111111111111111111HOUOUB11101.8.1NOMIIIIIIIHIHOUI,101111111a

ledge,unorientatedbyreligiousprinciples.ButtheStateschoolsarein thatinvidiousposition.Howeverclean asubjectbiologyis,initself(andI grantitfreely),andhoweversaneand balancedaviewofsexrelationsmay beobtainedthroughitsstudy,theultimateoutlookofthestudentisnaturalistic.Hehasstudiedmanconsideredsheerlyasananimal,andthatis onlyhalfofthetruthandbynomeans thebetterhalf.Indeeditcannotbe regardedinthisfractionalmannerat all.Itisratherasifthestudenthad consideredacorpse-thebodyofman, uniformedandunmotivatedbythe soul.

(-)y FRANCIS GILBERT

Thequestionofsexeducationcannotbesolvedbybiologyalone.For itisfarmorethanastudyofprocesses. TheChristianFaithviewsitinthe highsupernaturallightofthecreature co-operatingwiththeCreatorinthe productionofnewlife,notonlyfor timebutforeternity.Marriageisliftedoutoftherutofanimalism,which isallitcanmeantothematerialist, andplacedonthehighestpeakof humandignityandprivilege.Religionalsogiveshumanlifeanewvalue andavastsignificancewhichnomere naturalismcando.

ButtheProfessorhadotherinterestingthingstosay.Forinstance,heis reportedassayingthat"theideathat thereisafundamentalantagonismbetweenbiologyandChristianityseems tomeunsound."Ithasalwaysseemedunsound,nottosayridiculous,to theCatholicChurch,HowGod,Who istheAuthoralikeofnatureandof Revelation,couldbeatoddswithHimselfwasadilemmawhichonlythe 19th.centurymaterialistscouldbe foundtoassert.TheChurchhasonly quarrelledwiththescientistswhen theywerenothonest.Thatis,when theyconfusedtheoryandhypothesis withfact,whentheymadeunwarrantableintrusionsintophilosophyonthe strengthofassumptionsandwhenthey triedtoemploypseudo-scienceasa stickwithwhichtobeatChristianity. Andeventhenthequarrelwasnotof theChurch'schoosing.TheProfessor claimsthatChristianityandscience shouldbeallies.Weheartilyagree. Andboththelateandthepresent Popeshavegivenagreatleadinthe PontificalAcademyofScience.

Inparticularwasthetheoryofevolutionsoused.Initselfitargues nothingagainstChristiantruth-quite thereverse.Itaddsnewsplendour andprofunditytotheOmniscience andOmnipotenceofGod.Catholics areperfectlyfreetoacceptthetheory iftheywish.

ButwhenmenlikeHuxleylettheir imaginationgetthebetteroftheirintelligenceandbeganannouncingthey haddiscoveredtheoriginoflife,itwas timeforeverypersonofcommonsensetobesceptical.Professor Nichollsrightlysaidthatthealliance ofreligionandsciencewouldsetus freefromthelastgreattyranny-superstition.Weonlyhopethatherealisesthatthathasmoreapplication totheextravaganceofscientifictheorisingthantothespeculationsoftheologians.

SocialJusticeSessions

BROADCASTFROMSTATIONS6PR--TZ,JULY23,AT6.30p.m.,AND FOLLOWINGWEEKS.

ANEXPLANATIONOF"PATTERN

FORPEACE"

ByMR.K.F.SPRUHAN,Editorof"TheRecord." (SPONSOREDBYTHECATHOLICSOCIALGUILD).

BASSENDEANBAKERY N.LOVELOCK

'TEL.:U1.128.

BAKERANDPASTRYCOOK,ETC. WESTROAD,BASSENDEAN.

WEAVER&LOCK HIGHCLASSAERATEDWATERS

Tel.:MU149.

WESPECIALISEINCORDIALS.

SUBURBANROAD,SOUTHPERTH.

PEERLESSBREADMANUFACTURERS

145FITZGERALDSTREET,PERTH.

OurMotto:"QUALITYandSERVICE."

Specialties-VIENNABREADandROLLS. 'Phone:B1041.

A.E.HANSENFamilyButcher

654ALBANYROAD,VICTORIAPARK.

OrdersCalledforandDeliveredDaily ATrialSolicited.

Terms:CashWeekly.

PHONEM1184ANDLETYOURPAYENVELOPELIVELONGER.

D.HILL

WHOLESALEANDRETAILBUTCHER. NEWCASTLEROAD,MIDLANDJUNCTION. Tel.118Midland.

SubiacoYoung Men'sClub

By"Ace."

TheClubdancesheldinSt.Joseph's Hall,Subiaco,willbecontinuedon August14. Agrandevening'sentertainmentisassuredtoourpatrons. Therewillbeluckyspotsandother novelties. Tournaments.

Thetournamentsbeingconducted bytheClubarerunningwell.The pointsattheendofthefirstroundare asfollows:St.Gerard's,44;St.Roger's, 43;St.Thomas',30;St.John's,26. Thereisstillroominthecompetitionsformoremembers,socomealong toourClubmeetingsonMonday nightsandenjoyyourselvesinagood Catholicatmosphere.

Personal.

Wearepleasedtoseetwoofourmost ardentClubmembers,inKevinHodge andJohnHayes,excellingthemselves nilthefootballfield.

AnotheritemofnewsisthatKevin HodgeistakingaholidayinKalgoorlie.Wehopeyouenjoyyoursojourn inthecountry,Kevin.

Wearesorrytoannouncetheloss ofourpresident,B.Moxham,whohas joinedthemilitaryforces.Barney hasservedtheClubwellforthepast sixmonths,andwearesurehewill dowellinhisnewsphere.

Anotheritemofgoodnewsisthe announcementofournewpresident, CharlieCooper.AlthoughCharliehas onlybeenamemberoftheClubfora shortwhile,hehasalreadyestablished hispopularitywiththeboys.Weare suretheClubwillcontinuetoprosper underhisguidance.

CENTRALCATHOLICLIBRARY

36PIERSTREET,PERTH. SUBSCRIPTIONRATES. Metropolitan.

12Months:Onebook,10s;twobooks, 12s6d;threebooks,fl;fourbooks,£1 7s.6d. Country.

12Months:Threebooks,£115s.;foilbooks,£25s.;fivebooks,£210s.

Wepayfreightonbookstothesub. scriber.

Dressmaker q/IppealforJeacher

TheCatholicGirls'Movementarein needofaqualifiedteacherfortheir DressmakingClasses,heldeveryWednesdayeveningfrom7p.m.onwards intheClubRooms.Therearesome 40girlsattendingtheclassandthe presentteacherswouldappreciatethe assistanceofanotherqualifiedhelper tocopewithincreasingnumbers. Shouldanyreaderknowofanyone 'whowouldbewillingtohelpwiththe classes,eithervoluntarilyorforsome remuneration,wouldtheybekind enoughtogetintouchwiththeSecretary,65St.George'sTerrace,orring B2546.

DEATHS

OnService.

DALY.-Inlovingmemoryofmynephew,ReginaldDaly(Reg),A.I.F. (DepartmentAgricultureandStock, Brisbane),killedinactionrecently, NewGuinea;aged26years.Anold "Riverview"boy.

Greaterlovehathnoman,andthis dayyouwillbewithmeinParadise. -Insertedbyhissorrowingaunt, EllenorO'Leary.

WHITE.-OnJuly23,1943,atSt.John ofGodHospital,Subiaco,Margaret Mary,widowofthelateThomas EarlandlovingmotherofVera, Cyril,Connie(SisterMaryEymard, oftheSacredHeartConvent,HighgateHill),andTom. RequiescatinPace.

014 INMEMORIAM 44

OnService.

ELLYARD.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thereposeofthesoulofP/0Ronald Victor,killedatDarwin,August2, 1942. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhissoul.

-Insertedbyhismotherandbrothers.

BOGUE.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thesoulofMauriceJosephBogue, belovedsonofDouglasandAgnes Bogue,andlovingbrotherofBrian, Patricia,andKevin.

OLord,theGodofpardon,giveto thesoulofThyservant,Maurice Joseph,whoseanniversaryofdeparturewecommemorateonJuly29,a placeofrefreshment,happinessof rest,andthebrightnessofeternal light.Onwhosesoulandallthe soulsofthefaithfuldeparted,Sweet Jesus,havemercy.

ROGUE-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thereposeofthesoulofMaurice Joseph,accidentallykilledonJuly 29,1940,belovednephewofLew (R.A.A.F.)andNora,lovingcousin ofPauline,Maurice,andVeronica (deceased),andRamsay.

SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhissoul.

McGURK.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearmother,MaryMcGurk,whodepartedthislifeonJuly22,1942. R.I.P. -Insertedbyherlovingfamily, Neal,Jack,Lilly,Annie,andBrian.

RAMSAY.-InlovingmemoryofVeronicaAnn,whopassedawaysuddenlyonJuly23,1942,darlinglittle daughterofLew(R.A.A.F.)and Nora,lovingsisterofPaulineand Maurice;aged4years.

BEREAVEMENTNOTICE.

Thesonsanddaghtersofthelate Mrs.HannahElizabethOutridgewish tosincerelyTHANKallkindfriends andrelativesforletters,telegrams, cards,floraltributesandpersonalexpressionsofsympathyintheirrecent sadbereavement.Willallpleaseacceptthisasapersonalexpressionof theirdeepgratitude.

WANTEDTOBUY:Stoves,Wood andGas;OldRoofIron,Coppers, Heaters,etc.BestPricesPaid.B6307.

OFqeneralInterest

CATHOLICSERVICES'GUILD North-WestArea

OFFICIALOPENING.

OnSunday,July4,theCatholicServicesClub,North-WestArea,wasofficiallyopenedbySeniorChaplainH. J.Reid,M.S.C.,inthepresenceofa distinguishedgatheringofofficersand menfromthevariousAlliedServices.

OnthedaiswithFatherReidwere theCommanderoftheAreaandrepresentativesfromtheNavyandAir Force,andHisHonourJudgeWells.

ChaplainJ.Dwyerwelcomedthe officialguestsandsaidthatthearea hadlonghopedforaclubsuchasthis andnowhappilythosehopeswere beingrealised.

THEBASILICAOFST.LAWRENCEOUTOFTHETOWN.

WhichwasDamagedintheRecentBombingofRome.

ItwasbuiltbyConstantinein330,in anestateofSt.Ciriaca.SixtusIII andPelagiusIIlatermaderemarkable restorations.

PopeHonoriusamplifieditandaddedtoitthemagnificentporticoadornedwithmosaic.In1657theLateran Canonswhoattendedtoit,madefurtherrestorationstotheceilingofthe Presbytery.

In1864,underPiusIX,otherarchi-

WA.

O'LEARY-CAREY.

Aquiet,butveryprettywedding, wassolemnised,withNuptialMass,at St.Mary'sCathedral,Perth,onJune 5,byFatherLeech,ofMidlandJunction.

ThecontractingpartieswereEllenor Erin(ofBrisbane),youngestdaughter ofthelateJohnandMargaretCarey, ofToowoomba,andtheDarling Downs,Queensland,andPatrickGerald,sonofD.J.andthelateMargaretO'Leary,ofWalgoolan,W.A.

Thebride,whowasgivenawayby Mr.JackBrennan(afriendofthe bride'sfamily),lookedverysweetina whitestiffenedlaceoversilverlame. Sheworeafingerlengthcuttulleveil, fallingfromaJulietcap,andhaloof orangeblossom.Shecarriedaprayer bookwithtrailsoftuberrosesfalling fromit.

Thebridegroom'sniece,ShielaMcCarthy,wasflowergirl,andworean oldworldfrockofbluetulleover matchingtaffetaandaMaryStewart headdressoftulle.Shecarrieda silverbasketofpinkcarnations.The dutiesofbestmanwerecarriedout bythebridegroom'sbrother,Corporal FrankO'Leary.

tectural,pictorialandsculpturalworks byDeRossi,VespignaniFracassini, Mariani,Cochettowereadded,andin thePiazzawaserectedtheColumnof Easterngranite,onthetopofwhich isthebronzestatueofSt.Lawrence. TheinterioroftheChurchisadorned withpreciousworksofartandrelics ofvariousepochs.Thepavementis bytheCosmati.InthisBasilicais buriedPiusIXandotherPopes.

ThereceptionwasheldatReno's. Thebride.andgroomleftlaterfor theirhoneymoon,whichwasspentat Yallingup.

HEARNE-MA.PLESDEN.

NuptialMasswascelebratedatSt. Columba'sChurch,SouthPerth,on July10,bytheRev.FatherMurphy, whenHilda,onlydaughterofMr.and Mrs.J.R.Maplesden,ofSouthPerth, wasmarriedtoDouglas,thirdsonof Mr.andMrs.W.M.Hearne,ofSouth Perth.

Thebridelookedattractiveina bridalgownofembossedsatin,witha sweepingtrain,andalace-edgedveil, heldinplacebyatop-knotoftuberroses.Shecarriedabouquetof cameliasandtuberroses.

ThebridewasattendedbyMissGertrudeHearne(sisterofthebridegroom),andlookedcharminginasoftlydrapedfrockofbluegeorgette,with longsleevesandafullskirt.She'wore atoquetomatch,andcarriedabouquetinfuschiatonings.

Thebridegroomwasablyassistedby hisbrother,BombadierRobertHearne.

Masswassungbythechildren's choir,withMiss0.McLernonatthe organ. ThereceptionwasheldatReno's. Whentheusualtoastswerehonoured, thebridecutthetwo-tieredwedding cake,andmanycongratulatorytelegramswereread.Laterthehappy coupleleftbycarfortheirhoneymoon.

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THE"A.C.A."

A.C.A.BUILDINGS,KINGST.,SYDNEY. ASSETSEXCEED£1,750,003.

ALLCLASSESOFLIFEANDENDOWMENT ASSURANCEPOLICIESTRANSACTED.

SAFEGUARDTHEFUTURE

BRANCHOFFICESINALLSTATES.

W.A.Office: "WARWICKHOUSE,"ST.GEGRGE'STERRACE,PERTH P.ENGELBRECHT,ResidentSecretary.

FatherReid,indeclaringtheClub open,saidhewasconfidentthatit woulddoitsjobwellandallowtroops fromvariousunitstomeettogetherin aninspiringatmosphere.

AhighmilitaryofficialcongratulatedtheorganisersoftheClubonthe untoldgoodtheyweredoing.He wishedtheClubeverysuccess.

ChaplainFrankFlynn,inmovinga voteofthankstothespeakers,pointedoutthattheClubwouldcontinue toarrangelectures,debates,study groupsandinstructionclassestodevelopthemindsofthetroopsandinterestthemintheimportantissuesof life,besidesprovidingfortheirrecreationandentertainment.

Hethankedallwhohadhelpedin establishingtheClub.Muchhadbeen accomplishedinafewmonths,yet

SOCIAL COMING-OF,AGEPARTY.

Ahappycrowdofyoungpeople gatheredattheStirlingSocialRooms lastTuesday,ontheoccasionofthe coming-of-ageofGeoff,eldestsonof Mr.andMrs.Worner,ofWembley.

Dancingoccupiedmostoftheevening,interspersedwithanumberof soloitems,whichweremuchappreciatedbyallpresent.Duringtheservingofabuffetsupper,thetoastof thehonouredguestwasproposedby Mr.RonMorris,whocongratulated Geoffonreachinghismajorityand wishedhimeverysuccessinthefuture. Amidsttheresoundingtunesof"For he'sajollygoodfellow"and"Why washebornsobeautiful?"Mr.Worner,senr.,presentedGeoffwiththetraditionalkey,whichwaslaterinscribed byall.Aftertherecipienthadresponded,thethree-tierbirthdaycake wascutanddistributed.

morestillremainedtobedone.He expressedhisappreciationespeciallyto theClub'smanyfriends,andtheWelfareOrganisationsintheSouthern cities.

Duringtheafternoonselectionswere renderedbythemilitarybandand lightrefreshmentswereservedinthe grounds.

Intheevening,afterBenediction,an informalconcertwasheldattheClub. MatronMudgesang,accompaniedby SisterMaurice.Communitysinging andquizzesaddedtothejoyofthe evening.

Thecommitteewishtothankthefollowingfortheirgenerousassistance: CatholicWelfareOrganisation(Melbourne),£100;C.U.S.A.(Queensland), £50;CatholicSoldiers'Guild(Adelaide)andC.W.O.(Perth),forwriting material,pamphlets,rosaries,etc. Alsothemanyanonymousfriendsof theClubwhohavehelpedinvarious ways.

Decarboniseasyoudrive!Increaseyourmileage.Reducepinking.UsePetrotabsforextrapetrol energy.Petrotabscontainingredientswhichdissolvecarbon,binding gums,andsodecarboniseyourengineasyourun.Energiseyour

12TASLITSpetrol.Reducedetonation(pinkfeeing).After300milesadd3tablets

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FatherLynchtoBroadcast PlainChantOverState Net-Work

Fools'Paradise

Communism,atleastinitsorigins,haditseconomicdoctrines laidinatheoryofhistory.Marxreadallhistoryastherecordof astrugglebetweensocialclasses,betweenoppressorsandoppressed.andthisstruggle,heclaimed,wasthekeytosocialevolutiontheforcewhichimpelledmenalongthepathofprogress.Yet,by astrangeanomaly,theinevitabilityofthisconflictis,intheconsummationofCommunism,tobeinexplicablydisplacedtogive waytoaclasslessandStatelesssociety.UnhappilyfortheCommunistcontention,however,allthatCommunismhasbeenableto achievetodatehasbeenadictatorshipoftheproletariatandthe totalsubordinationandsacrificeofhumanitytotheStatemachine Sofarfromwitheringaway,theStateinRussiaisfromdayto daygrowingstrongerandmorecentralised.AsfarasMarx's theoryofclasswarfareisconcerned,itisenoughtosaythat,from theearliestdaysofwhichwehaveanyrecord,menhavefeltthe needoflivingincivilsocietiestoattaintheirmaximumtemporal welfarebytheirco-operativeefforts.Itisincrediblethatinternal conflictshouldbeanessentiallawofanassociationbasedupona naturalneedforco-operation;conflictandco-operationareoftheir essencecontradictory.

Thoughitisplainthatneitherinclass-organisedcivilsociety, norintheeconomicprocess,isclass-struggleinevitable,stillithas existedinthepastandwillexistinthefuture.Theseunfortunatemanifestationsofclasshostilityhadtheirrootsinmoral causes,mainlyinselfishness.Thisarisesfromtheselfishnessof thememberofaclassandfromamisconceptionoftheirtrue interests.Sincetheevilisamoralone,so,insiststhePope,isthe remedy.Theonlylastingcureistheadoptionandpracticeofthe anti-selfishprincipleofjusticeandcharity.Animportantpoint torealiseisthatthepracticeofthesevirtuesinindustrylieswith individuals.Therehasbeenagreatdealoflooseandvaguetalkingof"classes."Aclassassuchhasneithervicenorvirtue. Thesearethemoralqualitiesoftheindividualswhocomposethe class.Socialreformdependstoaverylargeextentonmoralreformanditisindividualswhomusttaketheinitiativeinresisting anyactionbyothersoftheirclasswhichtheirconsciencedisapproves.Themoralisationofsocialrelationsdemandsaspiritual revolution.

WehavesaidlittleofacriticalnatureinregardtoCommunism,becauseitwouldseemmoreprofitabletooffertheconstructiveteachingofthePapalEncyclicals.ItisnotenoughforCatholicstobeabletodiscernthefallacieswhichunderlieCommunisminitsmoral,socialandeconomicaspects.Theymusthavea positivesetofprinciplestooffer,andthesearetobefoundinthe clearsocialteachingsofthePopes.Wehavealreadyspokenof theCommunismtenetofclasswar.Therearetwootherinstitutionswhichareattackedwhicharefundamentaltohuman nature.Oneistherighttoprivateownershipandtheotheris thefamily.Astothefirst,thedestructionofprivateownership isagainstjustice,because"topossessprivatepropertyasone'sown isarightgiventomanbynature"-itisthelawofnature.And thefamily,aswellastheindividual,hasitsrights.Asasociety itispriortotheState,itsatisfiesmorefundamentalneedsand fulfilsamoreessentialfunction.Thehumanracecouldcontinue toexistanddevelopwithouttheState,butnotwithoutthefamily. Thebond,moreover,whichloinsthemembersofafamilyismore deeplyrootedinnaturethanthatwhichunitescitizensinaState. Themanwhowouldtamperwiththesethingsisofferingtheworld atypeofparadisethatcouldappealonlytothefool.

BoysofCathedralChoir WillDemonstrate

TheRev.FatherLynchwillbroadcasttotheschoolsoftheArchdiocese onFriday,July30,andFriday,August 6,from2.30p.m.to3p.m.Theboys oftheCathedralChoirwilldemonstrate.MassNo.XI,"OrbisFactor," CredoNo.3,theAdoroTe,AveVerum, TantumErgoNo.1,andAdoremusNo. 1willbedealtwith.

Thisboadcastshouldreachallthe schoolsoftheArchdiocese.Themetropolitanschoolscanalleasilyhear either6PRor6P111;theWheatArea 6AM,andtheSouth6TZ.

TheGoldfieldsbroadcastfrom61EG willberelayedonAugt.st4and11,at 11am.

ThoseschoolsnotpossessingaRadio shouldmakearrangementsfortheir scholarstohearthesebroadcasts,and thechildrenshouldhavetheirtext

books,e.g.,"PlainChantforSchools," orthemanualissuedbyRev.DomS. Moreno,O.S.B.

Themetropolitanexaminationswill takeplaceinAugust,andinthecountryduringSeptember,Octoberand November.ThecombinedChildren's Mass,atwhichHisGracetheArchbishopwillpreside,istobecelebratedon September15,inSt.Mary'sCathedral; onSeptember14,inFremantle,andin Kalgoorlieatadatetobeannounced later.

AttheHighMasstobebroadcast fromSt.Mary'sCathedralonSunday, August1,over6WF,thechoirwill singtheMass"OrbisFactor"(No. XI).ThiswillgiveteacherstheoprortunityofhearingtheMassprescribedforthe1943PlainiChantcourse sunginfull.

SocialJusticeSessions

InauguratedonFridayLast AWeeklyTalkover6PR-6TZ on"PatternforPeace"

CatholicSocialGuild'sLatestVenture

TheinauguralSessionoftheSocialJusticeSessionswaspresentedbyMr.K.SpruhanonFridayeveninglastat6.30p.m.over Stations6PR-TZ.TheSessionsaresponsoredbytheCatholic SocialGuild.

Mr.Spruhangaveanoutlineofthemajorpointsofpost-war reconstructioncontainedinthe"PatternforPeace."Reportsreceivedtodateindicatethatthereceptionwasclearthroughallthe areacoveredbythetwostations.

OnFridaynext,Mr.Spruhanwilldiscussthecausesofthe populationdeclineinAustralia,andoftheneedofcheckingthe trend.Hisaddressesarebeingrecordedandwillberelayed from6KG,commencingonAugust8,atatimetobeannounced later.

TheCatholicSocialGuildisanxiouseventuallytohavea State-wideradiohook-up,sothatitsSessionsmayheheardinall partsoftheState.Theonlybartotheextensionofthisactivity isthequestionoffinance,andanyassistanceinthisdirection willbemostwelcome.

ThenexttalkintheSocialJusticeSessionswillbegivenon Stations6PR-TZonFriday,30th.inst.,at6.30p.m.

Convent,Highgate,onSeptember4, commencingat2.30p.m.,andconcludingonMondaymorning.Intending participantsnotifybranchsecretaryor ringB2857(MissJoyce).

Enclosed etreats

("TheRecord"willbepleasedto publishinthiscolumnnoticesofRetreatstobeconductedformembersof ourvariousCatholicorganisations throughoutthecomingyear.Wesuggestthatadvicebesenttousassoon asarrangementshavebeencompleted ineachcase.)

Ex-studentsofSacredHeartConvent,Highgate,areinvitedtoenclosed week-endRetreat,commencingSaturday,September4,at2.30p.m.Those intendingtoparticipateringConvent asearlyaspossible.

TheH.A.C.B.S.annualRetreatfor ladieswillbeheldatSacredHeart

C

BOOKREVIEW

TheFlyingTigers.ByRussellWhelan.

AninterestingstoryoftheAmerican VolunteerAirGroup,whichfoughtthe JapanesefromChungkingandlater fromBurma.Toldinaverypersonal way,ittakesthereaderintotheconfidence,asitwere,ofthebraveparticipantsinalltheirepisodes.Ifwe musthavewarbookstheyshouldbe likethisone.Hasoneortwodigsat BritishpolicyinBurmathatcould warrantareplyfromtheproperquarter.

Doyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?Make aregularannualcontributiontohelp anindigentstudent.

tOe

ciircObioceot

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

Augustl-9.30a.m.:Ordinationtothe SacredPriesthoodattheChurchof theHolyRosary,Nedlands.

Afternoon:CanonicalVisitationand ConfirmationatSt.Joachim'sChurch. VictoriaPark.

August2-4p.m.:PresideatReception CeremonyatSt.Mary'sConvent, Leederville.

August6-8.30a.m.:PresideatCeremonyofReceptionattheNovitiate oftheSistersofMercy,Victoria Square.

August8-10.30a.m.:PresideatSolemnHighMassattheRedemptorist Monastery,NorthPerth,ontheoccasionofthecelebrationoftheFeast ofSt.Alphonsus.

August8-3p.m.:OpeningofnewSocialRoomsoftheThirdOrderofSt. Francis.

August15:CanonicalVisitationand ConfirmationatSt.Mary's,Kal goorlie.

August22:CanonicalVisitationand Confirmation,atAllHallows',Boulder,andSt.Mary's,Coolgardie.

CHANGEOFPUBLISHING DAY.

Asfromthisweek,"TheRecord"willbepublishedonWednesdaysinsteadofThursdaysas inthepast.Thischangehasbeen decideduponinorderthatsubscribersmayreceivetheircopies bySunday,whichsomewerefailingtodoowingtothewartime dislocationofpostalservices. Advertisementsandcopymust henceforthreach"TheRecord" OfficebymiddayonTuesdayof eachweek.

CatholicTeachers' Guild

ThenextmeetingoftheGuildwill beheldat11a.m.onSaturdaymorning,August14,atBactonHouse.Membersmaybringuptheirideasfordiscussion.

BeIMMIIMOMPOMWM.0.11M.I.

ANNUALBOXINGTOURNAMENT

CHRISTIANBROTHERS'HIGH SCHOOL,HIGHGATE. HOLLYWOODSTADIUM, AUGUST7-

AfternoonandNight.

Instructors:F.Robins,R.McCaulay. Referee:MajorKenny.

StreetAppeal,..for "Boys'Town"

Castledare,Clontarf BindoonandTardun toBenefit

TherewillbeaStreetAppealforthis greatworkonAugust13,bypermissionoftheChiefSecretary,andHis Gracewishessuccesstothisappeal,the firstofitskind.Allmembersofall thevariousbranchesoftheCatholic Women'sLeagueareearnestlycalled upontohelp.Willalldelegatesbe suretoattendexecutivemeetingon August2at2p.m.,inordertobeable toinformmemberswhatwillberequiredofthemonAugust13.Allsuccessto"Boys'Town,"WAMembersofotherCatholicsocieties orindividualswhowouldbewillingto actasstreetcollectorsonAugust13 areaskedtosendintheirnamesto thisoffice.

LibraryLectures

FRIDAYNIGHT,AUGUST6,AT THECENTRALCATHOLICLIBRARY,36PIERSTREET,PERTH. "SPREADINGTHECHURCHIN THENEWWORLD."

TheprincipalspeakerattheLibrary lecturenextFridayeveningwillbe VeryRev.FatherHaugh,0.M.I.,of Fremantle.FatherHaughwillspeak ofthegreatexpansionoftheChurch intotheNewWorlddiscoveredby Columbus,whichinnumbersmore thanmakesupforwhatwaslostin theoldworldthroughtheReformation.Moreparticularlythelecturer willdealwithsomeaspectsoftheOblatemissionsinCanada,whichto-day areamongthemostspectacularinthe Church.

Thistheme,"theexpansionofthe Church,"isimportanttoallofus,for PiusXIhascalledusalltoanew crusade-theexpansionoftheChurch toourneighboursandworkfellows throughCatholicAction.

Thesupplementaryspeakerwillbe Rev.FatherBreslin, whowill talkaboutbeatificationandcanonisationprocesses.

Fixthisdate,Friday,August6,at 8p.m.,inCentralCatholicLibrary.

FORREMAINDEROFSEASON.

August6:Rev.FatherHaugh,O.M.I.-

"TheExpansionoftheChurchinthe NewWorld."

August20:Mr.K.Summers"TheGreatHeresies."

September3:Mr,K.F.Spruhan"TheRootCausesoftheReformationinEngland."

September17:Rev.FatherKelly,S.J.

"TheReformationandCounterReformationontheContinent."

October1:Lieut.Batten,R.A.N."CatholicisminEnglandSincethe Reformation."

Tickets,3s.(Ringside,atGleeson's, Barrack-street),2s.andls.

TeaandCakesAvailableAfternoonand Night.

,IM141411011114

CATHOLICPATRIOTICBALL

EmbassyCabaret

MONDAY,SEPTEMBER6,1943

8.30to1.30.

TICKETS,8/6SINGLE (ObtainableatDoor).

BookingsopenatEmbassyfor Logues,Tables,etc.,onMONDAY, AUGUST16,1943.

PROCEEDSINAIDOFC.W.O.

October15:Tobearranged"TheCatholicRevivaloftheNine teenthCentury."

October29:Rev.NoelRyan,S.J."TheCatholicLiteraryRevival."

November5:Mr.H.Goerke"CatholicSocialTeaching."

November19:Rev.FatherLalor"TheFightTo-day-Everyone'sDuty -CatholicAction."

QUARANT'ORE

JULY:

Sunday. AUGUST. lst.-BUSSELTON:OneDayofExposition. 2nd.--MOSNIANPARK:OneDayof Exposition.

3rd.-ST.FRANCISXAVIER'S, WINDSORSTREETand DONNYBROOK:Onedayof Exposition.

SEWANDSAVEFABRICS AT Ahern's

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GRAFTON ANTI-SHRINKSILKS, 9/9

TheseAnti-ShrinkGraftonSilksarein floralsandfancydesignsinthewell knownLavenelleandGrafainestyles. Theycannotshrink,stretchorfade. 36in.9/9and7/10yard. 3Coupons.

BRITISHSPUN DOMINOSPOTSILKS, 3/11

ThisBritishSpunSilkfeatures groundswithsmallandmedium dominospots.36in. 3/11 3Coupons.

navy white yard. Mal

HAYANDMURRAYSTREETS

PatroniseOurAdvertisers

Parents'Wedonotemployordinaryclassmethodswithourstudents. TheTutors-allspecialistsintheworktheyundertake-movefrom onestudenttoanother,checkingworkcompletedandexplainingnew work.Brightstudentsthereforearenotheldbackbydullones,while slowstudentsdonothavetorushinanendeavourtokeepupwiththe restoftheclass.

AllgraduatesofourJUNIORSECRETARIALCOURSEgetGold EfficiencyBadges,practicalexperienceinourownoffices,afirstappointmentandaguaranteeofFREEEMPLOYMENTSERVICEFORLIFE.

Wehavenosetterms-studentsmaycommenceanyday.Ifyou havesonsordaughtersover14enrolthemNOW'P. Call,writeor'phoneB6010,B6561,fordetails.Noobligation.

Catholic qirls'Vovement

*HEADQUARTERSAND

CLUB-ROOMS

: BankofN.S.W.Chambers,65St.George'sTerrace (nearSherwoodCourt)-Rooms:7-10FirstFloor

CALENDARofACTIVITIES

SHORTHAND-5-6.30p.m.,Monday,Tuesday,Friday.

DRAMATICS-8p.m.,TuesdayandFriday.

HOMECRAFTS-Monday,8p.m.

E.S.C.-Monday,8p.m.

DANCE-CecilBuildings,8p.m.,Tuesday.

NURSES'PRAESIDIUM,8p.m.,Tuesday.

DRESSMAKING-7-9.30p.m.,Wednesday.

MASS,8a.m.Exposition,Benediction,5.45p.m.,Thursdly.

ORCHESTRAANDSWINGBAND,8p.m.,Friday.

Sunday,August1:Debutantes'

YouthSpeohe

JOINOURNEWACTIVITY.

Girls,thisisjustwhatwehavebeen waitingfor-adebatingclub.Itmight soundabitoutofyourdepthatfirst, butifyougetdowntotin-tacks,debatingiswithinthereachofall,and besidesbeinginterestingitprovidesa neverendingstreamofhumourat times.

Thetopicswhichweproposetodiscussrangefromcosmetics,inwhich youareallinterested,topost-warreconstruction,andevenifyoudonot wishtovoiceyouropinion,comealong andlisten-in.Believemeyouwill haveathrillingnight.

Anygirlwhoisinterestedmaycall inattheClubRoomsandhandinher name,andshewillbenotifiedfurther.

Picnic

InplaceoftheusualmonthlySocialintheClubRooms,thegirlsare goingtoorganiseapicniconSunday, August15. Thisisrathershort notice,butwatchthispagenextweek forfurtherdetails.

Rehearsal.

CanteenService

Thefollowingdateshavebeenarranged:C.G.M.Group.

August14:PhyllisDean.

September10:PhyllisDean. L.B.A.Group.

August11:PhyllisDean.

September7:PhyllisDean.

Dressmaking

TheDressmakingClassisinneedof anotherteacher,andanyonewhocould fillthepositionisinvitedtoapplyto theSecretary(B4836).Forfurther particularsseeadvertisementelsewhereinthisissue.

Debutantes

KindlynotethattheFIRSTREHEARSALfortheCatholicPatriotic BalltakesplaceonSunday,August1, at11o'clocksharp,attheCathedral Hall,Murray-street,Perth.

Girlsseekinginformationaboutthe CatholicGirls'Movementshouldring B4836,orcallattheClubRoomsduringlunch-hourorofanevening.

WEREYOUONEOFTHELUCKYONESTHISTIME IFNOT,GETYOURTICKETFROMCHARLESWATSON&CO. 76BARRACKSTREET(NextWilsonandJohn's). £1,000FOR2/6.OtherPrizesbytheThousand.

SAVECHARGES! SAVEFREIGHT!

ImprovetheValueofYourWoolbyhavingitSCOURED TheSWANWOOLSCOURINGCO. ofW.A.Ltd.Fremantle theoldestbusinessofitskindinthisState,withitsmostefficientmodernplant,employstheverylatestmethodstosecureforclientsbetter returnsfortheirwool.

ConsigntoNORTHFREMANTLE,andobtainrebatesof40percent. ofthefreightforallquantitiesoveroneton. Address:BOX2,POSTOFFICE,FREMANTLE. 'PHONES:L1031-2.

By"Ron"

RevivalorCombinedAnnualGeneral Communion.

Atameetingoftheexecutiveheld lastweek,itwasdecidedthataneffort shouldbemadetorevivetheAssociation'scombinedannualgeneralCommunionatSt.Mary'sCathedral.It ismanyyearssincethisgreateventhas beenheldattheCathedral,andthe executivefeelssurethat,despitethe smallermembership,theAssociation canworthilyorganisesuchagathering inthesetimes.However,tomakeit successful,wemustobtainthefullest supportofallmemberswhowillbe willingtomakesacrificesinorderto achievethegreatestresult.

TheSundayselectedforthisevent isSunday,September26,andtheCommunionwilltakeplaceatthe9o'clock Mass.Arrangementsconcerningthe breakfastandthetransportareunder considerationbytheexecutive,andwill be thesemadeknowntomembersthrough columnsintheverynearfuture.

Clubsecretariesarenowurgedto commenceorganisingtheirclubsto rallytothisspecialattraction.There aremanyclubmembersintheForces; itisthesewewanttosee,so,secretaries,letthemknowthedateanddo yourbesttoarrangetransportfor them.

ThisannualgeneralCommunionwill bethegreatestdayinthehistoryofthe Association,andwithsupportfrom eachandeverymember,pastandpresent,theexecutiveisconfidentthat thegatheringwillrankhighamongst similareventsheldbyCatholicorganisationsinthemetropolitanarea.

AnotherSuccessfulGathering.

RobertsonParkwasagainthevenue formanylastSunday,whenanotherof theAssociation'smonthlytennisdays tookplace.Asinpreviousgatherings,itwasencouragingtoseethe numberofnewcomerspresent,particu- larlythosefromotherStateswhoare atpresentservingintheForces.The occasionwasalsohonouredwiththe presenceofRev.DeanReidy,whoexpresseddelightatthesuccessofthe afternoon.Thenextmonthlydaywill beheldonSunday,August22.

Amongstthosewhotookpartwere: Rev.FathersDunneandO'Farrell; MesdamesK.Graham,H.Wigmore, V.Armstrong,G.Knox,J.Toone,T. Piecey,M.Slyth,H.NevinandP. Somers;MissesM.Pyke,I.Cogan,E. O'Connor,M.Corry,B.Austin,N.McGuire,P.Fletcher,M.Longstaffe,M.

Watts,K.McCaul,N.Dunn,D. Schuts,Z.Keogh,C.Arnold,C.Slattery,M.Reilly,K.Quinn,S.O'Neill, I.McGrade,M.Wynham,P.McGrade, S.DalyandM.Daly;Messrs.L.McGovern,A.E.Heagney,J.Eastcott,J. Elliott,J.Costello,H.Nevin,J.O'Connor,G.Edwards,A.Hinds,G.Somers, F.Collopy,L.White,M.Medley,J. McEncroe,R.Bovell,A.McGuire,W. Hughes,F.Anderson,B.Burns.J. McNamara,T.Steeks,G.Dwyer,J. Quigley,V.Medley,J.Knox,0.Hanlon,T.Toone,K.Hales,H.Woodings, L.Pusey,W.McFadden,W.Bennett, W.Slyth,P.Ryan,P.Ladyman,K. Somers,J.Tully,P.Reilly,J.Wall,R. Morris.

DeathofProminentMember.

Itwaswithdeepregretthatthe manyfriendsofNeildFarrarheardof hissuddenanduntimelydeath,which occurred"SomewhereinAustralia" lastweek.Neildwasaprominentandmostenthusiasticmemberofthe HighgateClub,andwasoneofthe leadingyoungplayersoftheAssociation.HislosshasbroughtmuchsorrowtotheHighgateclub,whohave nowlostthreeoftheirmalemembers inthepastsixmonths.

TheW.A.C.L.T.A.offersitssincerestsympathytohissorrowingrelatives intheirtragicloss.R.I.P.

PersonalPoints.

ManyofKalgoorlie'sprominentCatholicwomentennisidentitieshave driftedtothecityrecently.Zella Kehoewaspresentatthelasttennis day,whilstMargaretDawsonand BethClarkehavebeenseenaroundin theirA.W.A.S.uniforms.

WhenJackEdwardsleftforthe EasternStatesrecently,avacancyoccurredontheexecutive,thatofvicepresident.Atthelastcouncilmeetinganelectionwasheld,andRonMorriswas

Theelectedtotheposition. kindredinterestsoftwoStates wereunitedlastSaturday,whenMiss JoyceWood(Victoria)andMaxMcDermott(W.A.)weremarriedat theHolyCrossChurch,SouthCaulfield.Botharerespectivechampions oftheirownStateAssociations,and havedonemuchtoupholdCatholic tennis.Heartiestcongratulationsgo tobothfromtheW.A.C.L.T.A.,and wearelookingforwardtothedaywhenbothwillbeseeninactionagain inourowninter-clubcompetitions.

AllmembersoftheHighgateClub areremindedthatonSunday,August1,theyaretovisitSt.Mary's,Leederville,totakepartinasocial match.Thisisthefirstoccasionthat thesetwoclubshavearrangedsucha function,anda100percent.attendanceisdesired.

Itwaspleasingtotheexecutiveto seeJackO'Connor(BrightonClub, Victoria),BillMcFadden(Parramatta,N.S.W.),andBillBennett(Sydney),takingpartinthetennisday.

"Whyisit,"askedtheirritablecustomer,"InevergetwhatIaskforin yourshop?"

"Perhaps,madam,"saidtheassistant,smilingcoldly,"wearetoopolite."

TheColonialMutualFireInsurance COMPANYLIMITED.

FORALLCLASSESOFINSURANCE,INCLUDINGFIRE,HOUSEOWNER,andHOUSEHOLDER'SCOMPREHENSIVE,BURGLARY, PLATEGLASS,MOTORVEHICLE,CROPS,FIDELITY,GUARANTEE,WORKMEN'SCOMPENSATION,THIRDPARTY. NO.33BARRACKSTREET,PERTH.

W.L.CARTER,Manager.

W.H.BRANCH STONEHAMSTREET, OSBORNEPARK.

ESTIMATESGIVENFORALLKINDSOFEL1,CTRICALWORK BREAKDOWNSPROMPTLYATTENDEDTO.

Tel.B9681

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Wednesday,July28,1943.

HolyHour.

ThemonthlycelebrationoftheHoly HourtookplaceonSundayevening last.Rev.FatherMcCarthyconductedthedevotionsand"ThePreciousBlood"wasthesubjectofmeditationandspiritualreadingduringthe ExpositionoftheBlessedSacrament.

Thereisroomforgreatimprovement intheattendanceofparishionersat thisbeautifuldevotioneveryfourth Sundayevening.

C.W.O.AnnualAppeal.

MenoftheparishwereinattendancebeforeandafterallMasseson Sundaylast,makingtheannualappeal forsubscriberstothisworthycause. Asknowledgeoftheworkofthe C.W.O.isnowwidespread,thisyear's resultsshouldbearecord.

Teachers'Guild.

ThevisitingDiocesanInspectorof Schools,Rev.FatherJohnMurphy, addressedtheGuildatthefortnightly meetingheldonWednesday,July21.

CatholicWomen'sLeagueSocial.

August2isthedateofthenext monthlymeetingandsocial.Bythe way,themoneyraisedatthissocial willbedonatedtothecauseofthe PropagationoftheFaith.Agood attendanceofmembersisexpected. AltarSociety.

Themonthlymeetingtookplaceat thePresbyteryonSundayeveninglast.

Owingtoseveralyoungladiesjoining upintheServices,therearevacancies inthecollectorsranksatthemoment. C.B.C.Parents'andFriends'Association.

Membersoftheabovemetatthe CollegeonThursdayafternoonanddecidedtofollowthepracticeofformer yearsandholdahousepartyatthe CollegeduringAugust.TheBoulder representativeswillconductastallas usual,andfromthevariousattractionsdiscussedthepartyshouldbe welluptostandard.Friendsofthe College,pleasewatchoutforthedate, whichwillbeannouncedshortly,and givethefullestsupporttotheboys' school.

MAJORS.

ThenextmeetingofSt.Mary's BranchwillbeheldonMonday,August2,at7.45p.m.Atthelastmeetingthevice-president,SisterDaly, tookthechairintheabsenceofBro. Ilenneker,whowasabsentthroughillness.AmongthosepresentwasBro. L.McDonald,alwaysafaithfulmember.Hewasenjoyingshortleave.

Wagin

MASSTIMETABLE.

August1,Wagin,8a.m.:Wedgecarrup,10a.m.

August8,Wagin,8a.m.;Dumbleyung,10a.m.

August15,LakeGrace,9a.m.;Kukerin,11a.m.

August22,Dumbleyung,9a.m.; Wagin,10a.m.

August29,Wagin,8a.m.;Dumblevunc.10a.m.

STOVESWood,Gas,newandused, SoldBought,Repaired.HASSELL'S 559WellingtonStrett.B6307.

J.NEILSON,Optician

S.DANNELL,F.S.M.C.(London), W.A.O.A. OPTOMETRIST,Tel,:B2014. 16PLAZAARCADE,PERTH.

F.HUFNER

29MABELST.,NORTHPERTH. TUNESANDREPAIRSPIANOS ANDORGANS. 'PhoneB5824.

Third Order ofSaint Francis

Aftermanymonthsofillness,the deathoccurredrecentlyofMissMargaretFitzgerald(SisterGertrude>.ReceivedintotheThirdOrderofSt. Franciseightyearsago,SisterGertrudewasafaithfultertiaryanda willinghelperinFranciscanworksof charity.

Mrs.CatherineCasey(SisterTheresa),ofCarr-street,WestPerth,died onJune15,afterthreeyearsasaferventtertiary.

Mrs.(Nurse)Morton(SisterMagdalene)diedinSydneyrecently.

Thepassingofthesesistersisa greatlosstotheThirdOrderofSt. Francis,andtheprayersofalltertiariesareofferedforthehappyreposeoftheirsouls.R.I.P. SocialClubNotes.

ThenewSocialClubRooms,34Bon MarcheBuildings(2nd.floor),willbe officiallyopenedbyHisGracethe ArchbishoponSunday,August8,at 3p.m.Interestedvisitorsarecordiallyinvitedtoattend,alongwith tertiariesandtheirfriends.Musicand afternoonteawillbeprovided.

SIIBIA00BRANCH.

AtitsJunemeeting,thebranchdiscussedplanstoobtainfundsinconnectionwiththeLeague'sbursaryfor St.Charles'Seminary.Ithasbeen decidedtoholdaseriesofbridgeafternoons,detailsofwhichwillbeannouncedlater.TheSubiacobranchhasat presentanumberofwelfarecases underitscare.

Thenextmeetingofthisbranch willbeheldat3.30p.m.onSunday, August8,inSt.Joseph'sHall.

OATHEDRALBRANCH.

Theusualmonthlymeetingofthe CathedralBranchwillbeheldinthe ChurchOfficesonMonday,August2, at8p.m.

St.Joachim'sBranch.

Thepresident,Sr.N.Daly,presidedatthemeetingheldonJuly19. MemberswillbesorrytohearthatSr. Flanaganisnothavingthebestof healthatpresentandareaskedtorememberherintheirprayers.Weare pleasedtosaySr.J.O'Connor,whohas beenillforthepastfewweeks,has nowreturnedtowork.Memberswill regrettoknowthatSr.Symondshas toputherbabyinhospital.Sr.Ellvard'ssmallsonhasalsobeeninhospitalforsomeweeks.Wetrustboth childrenwillsoonbewellenoughto returnhome.Wearesorrytosaythat Bro.P.Reidyhasfallenavictimto the'flu,andwishhimaspeedyrecovery.Sr.D.Priestisspendingafew weeksinthecountry,andwehope thechangewillbebeneficialtoher. Bro.H.Flanagan(A.I.F.)ishomeon afewweeks'leave.Bro.T.P.MurphyisnowatNarroginandsendshis regardstoallmembers.Thenext meetingisonAugust2,andwehope toseeanimprovementintheattendance.

OLDROSARIES

EASTPERTHBY-ELECTION

11 E.CALLAGHAN.

INDEPENDENTCANDIDATE.

Ihavehadconsiderableexperience intheTradeUnionMovement,and Executiveofficeinotherpublicassociations.Isawserviceduringthe lateWarintheRoyalAustralian Navy,whichIjoinedattheageof141 years.Iamatpresentservinginthe RoyalAustralianNavy,andmyson, Harold,isalsoservingwiththeR.A.N.

Followingdemobilisationin1920,IbecameamemberoftheTimberWorkers' Union,inwhichItookanactiveinterest,butin1922transferredtothePerth ElectricTramwayUnion,andhave beenanactivemembereversince. Afterservingasamotormen'srepresentativeandvice-presidentatthelast electionofofficers,Iwasonlydefeated fortheofficeofpresidentonthecastingvoteofthereturningofficer.I wasamemberofthisUnion'ssub-committeecontrollingthestrikeduringthe regulationdisputeseveralyearsago;a memberofthesuperannuationsubcommitteein1930;andthemining committee,whichwasresponsiblefor thefinancingofanumberofunemployedtramwaymeninminingpursuits,whichschemeisstilloperating.

WhentheStateSectionoftheexNavalMen'sAssociationwasformedin 1926,Iwaselectedtothefirstcommittee,haveheldcontinuousofficeever since-includingtwotermsashonorary secretary,threetimesasseniorvicepresident,twiceStatedelegatetoFederalConference-andamnowinmy secondtermofofficeasFederalVicePresident.ForservicestothisAssociation,FederalConference,ontherecommendationoftheWesternAustraliansection,bestowedonmethehonouroflifemembership;thusbecoming theonlyrecipientofthishonourin WesternAustralia.

Asakeenstudentofpublicaffairs andpoliticaleconomy,Ihope,ifelected,topursuemyinquiriestherein,thus improvingmyefficiency;and,bydevotingmyactivitiesexclusivelytomy Parliamentaryduties,tofaithfully servetheinterestsoftheindustrial workersofEastPerthandtheother partsoftheCommonwealth.

Yoursfaithfully, H.E.CALLAGHAN.

Wehavebeenaskedtoappealfoi oldorbrokenRosaries,forwhichthe ownershavenofurtheruse.Owing tothelackofsuppliesofreligiousobjects,themenintheForcesareoften obligedtogowithoutRosaries,Mis sals,etc.TheSistersoftheCarmel iteMonastery,Nedlands,haveoffered tomendoldorbrokenRosaries,which willbethendistributedtothetroops Rosariesandotherpiousobjects maybeleftcloCatholicWelfareOrganisation, ChurchOffice, VictoriaSquare,Perth WHOSAIDTHAT?

Thiscanbequotedascomingfrom theLotteriesCommission:"Thefirst prizeintheNo.167aCharitiesConsultationis£1,000,andeverytickethas anequalchance.Towinyoumust bein." Weekly

167a

£1000

toyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?Re. memberSt.Charles'SeminaryEducationFundinyourwill.

OBITUARY

OnJuly19,attheresidenceofher sister,Mrs.MunroMcDermott,ofSubiaco,thesuddendeathoccurredof MissMayMorgan,daughterofthelate Mr.andMrs.W.J.Morgan,of"Bardun,"Northam.

ThelateMissMorganwasofakindly,retiringdisposition,andinpast yearswasafaithfulChurchworker. Shewillbesadlymissedbyherlarge circleoffriends.

Thefuneral,whichtookplaceat Northam,waslargelyattended.The pall-bearerswere:Messrs.C.Throssell,C.Mills,F.Chidlow,J.French,W. PavyandHerb.Withnell.

DEATH.

BUCKLEY.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthesoulofmydearlylovedhusband,John,whodiedsuddenlyon July19,1943.R.I.P. -Insertedbyhislovingwifeand family.

INMEMORIAM.

OnService.

RODDA.-Inproudandloving memoryofourdearsonandbrother, BernardRay,whodiedofwounds receivedatRuinRidge,July28, 1942.

Everrememberedbyhissorrowing mother,sisters,IvyandLulu,brothers,Harold,Patrick(A.I.F.),and Bill.

BOGUE.-Ineverfondandloving memoryofourdarlinggrandsonand nephew,Maurice,whodepartedthis lifeonJuly29,1940. ImmaculateHeartofMary,your prayersforhimextol. 0,SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhissoul. -InsertedbyhisgrandmaBogue, unclesandaunties.

PLEASENOTE!

TheTelephoneNumberof"The Record"hasbeenalteredfrom B9141toB6950.

AuthorisedbyHerbertGrimbley,

Party,underno obligationtoFinancialDomination,Iwillfightagainstallsecret andoutsiderule.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

WeLiveinanAgeof Novel-Reading IsitaGoodHabit?

SomeHardWordsAboutaHighly-Developed Art

Alltheworldlovesagoodstory. Fromtimeimmemorial,mankindhas soughtoutthecompanionshipofthe goodstory-teller.Inthedaysgone by,theJesterandtheMinstrelheld positionsofeminenceandwerethe honouredofmen.Inoldentimes,the menofAsiawerewonttogatherround tolistentothewondroustalesthat wefindinthe"ArabianNights."

Inthisdayandage,westillhave ourtime-honouredRaconteurs,more numerousandwithlargeraudiences thaneverbefore.Theirstoriesare givenusinthemodernformofthe Novel.

WehavereadoftheGoldenAge andtheIronAgeandtheothervarious Agesintheworld'sgrowth.Truly, thereseemssmalldoubtthatweare nowlivingintheageoftheNovel.The worldisfloodedwithastreamof books,pouringoffthepressesofall countries,andthevastmajorityof thesebooksareNovels.Lendinglibrarieshaveincreasedwithalmostthe samerapidityaspetrolpumpsafew yearsago.Thereisalibrary,perhapstwo,inalmosteverycitydistrict.TheliteraryworldhasdevelopedahighlyefficientmethodofProductionandDistribution-twoproblems thatarepresentlyharrassingourCaptainsofCommerceandIndustry.

Highly-DevelopedArt.

Theconsiderationofthesethings causesonetowonderwhat,whence, andwhyisthenovel.Novel-reading issuchanimmenselypopularpastime thatitseemsitsimplymustbeabad habit.Itdoesnotseempossiblethat areallygoodhabitshouldbeacquired soenthusiasticallybysomanypeople.

Inearliertimes,whentheworldwas yetyoungandcivilisation'wasasimplething,notatallthecomplicated affair(wealmostsaidmess)itistoday,thestory-tellertoldsimpletales toasimplepeople.Notsimple-mindedpeople-butratherpeopleofsimplehabits,andhealthy,happywaysof living.Thesuccessfulstory-teller, justasthesuccessfuljournalistto-day, reflectedthelifearoundandabout him.Consequentlyaslifebecame morecomplex,thestoriesthatwere toldbecamemorecomplextoo.The plotsofstoriesbecamemoreelaborate andmethodsofnarrationmoresubtle.

Inthiswaythenovelwasevolved.It isthemosthighlydevelopedwayof

Wm.A.YOUNG FAMILYBUTCHER.

CornerJOHN&FITZGERALD STREETS,PERTH. FORQUALITYMEATYOU'LLLOVETOEAT. 'PhoneB1416.

ONFELLOWS'HOTEL SOUTHTERRACE,FREMANTLE. BESTBRANDSSTOCKED. NewlyFurnishedThroughout. ALLWELCOME. J.G.MULCAHY,Proprietor.

truthormoralofpurestgoldbepresentbeneaththesurfaceofthestory, itisnotalwaysfound,andstillless frequentlyisitsoughtafter.

Infact,westillleelthat,despitethe goodthathasbeenachievedbythe novel,thejudgmentpronouncedon thenovelbyacertaindistinguished novelist,issubstantiallycorrect.We (moteverbatim:

"Itmaybesafelyassumedthatmost ofthenovel-readingwhichpeoplefancy isanintellectualpastime,istheemptiestdissipation,hardlymorerelatedto

tellingastory.Itisaformofnarrationbywhichsuspensemaybebuilt upandinterestsustaineduntiltheend -eventothebitterend.

DafoeandScott.

ThefirstnovelintheEnglishlanguagewasouroldfriend,"RobinsonCrusoe."Itwaswritteninthe18th.centurybyDanielDafoeandattained widespreadandlastingpopularity.Sir WalterScottinthenextcentury broughttothisnewfieldofliterature thetouchofgeniusthatsettheworld afire,sotospeak.Scottdisplayed aninventivepoweralmostwithout parallel,andthevolumeofstoriesto whichhisfacilepengavebirthis ratherbreath-taking.Heitwaswho laidthegroundworkforthemodern novel.

ItissurprisingtoreflectontheextentandimmensityofScott'sinfluence.Hechangedthecharacterof story-telling,notonlyinEnglandbut almostinmostofEurope.Hesponsoredaromanticoutlookonlife.From anethicalpointofview,hepopularised certainstandardsofconduct,justas hehelpedtoawakeninterestinthe lifeandreligionoftheMiddleAges. Incidentally,theinterestthatwas arousedinthingsmedieval,pavedthe wayfortheOxfordMovement.

Thelater19th.centurynovelistsattemptedtocometogripswithlifeand bringaboutreformsthroughlegislation.Greatindustrialchangeswete takingplaceinEnglandwhichcreated manyproblemsofhumanwelfare. Dickens,bymeansofhistremendouslypopularnovelsaccomplishedmarvellousreformsinthesocialsystemof England.

Post-Victorian.

ThepostVictorianerarepresentsa verymarkedperiodofchangeinthe literarylifeofEngland.Previousto thattimethemovementsofthought andfeelingontheContinenthadnot greatlypenetratedEngland.Englishmenasawholedidnotpayagreat dealofattentiontowhatotherpeople thoughtandsaid.

From1890on,however,Englishliteraturehasbeeninfluencedbycontact withforeignbookswhoseauthorsregard"Sentimentalism"asthegreatest ofevilsandwhosecardinalprinciples areirony,clevernessandrealism.The FrenchnovelsofBaudelaireandZola; theplaysoftheNorwegian,Ibsen;the philosophyoftheGerman,Neitzche, andtheRussiannovelist,Tolstoiand Dostoevski,setinmotioncurrentsof thoughtandemotionalattitudeswhich hadpreviouslybeenentirelyforeign toEngland.TheEnglishoutlookbecameCosmopolitan.

ThisPost-VictorianeraofEnglish lettershasproducedabrightgalaxy ofshiningliterarylights,outstanding amongwhomwemightmentionthe CatholicnamesofChesterton,Belloc, andBenson.

OpiumoftheMind?

Whydopeoplereadnovels?Simply andalmostsolelybecausetheyliketo doit.Authorswithalessontoteach, amessagetogivetheworld,havefrequentlyclothedtheirdoctrineinthe outwardtrappingsofanovelsoasto reachthegreatestnumberofreaders. Asarule,however,peoplereadnovels forentertainment,andthoughthe

thoughtorthewholesomeexercise ofthementalfacultiesthanopium-eating,ineithercase,thebrainisdrugged,andleftweakerandcrazierbythe debauch.

"Ifthismaybecalledthenegative resultofthefictionhabit,thepositive injurythatmostnovelsworkisbyno meanssoeasilytobemeasuredinthe caseofyoungmenwhosecharacter theyhelpsomuchtoformordeform, andthewomenofallageswhomthey keepsomuchinignoranceofthe worldtheymisrepresent."

HotelandAccommodationGuide

OntheRoad

FirstClass to AccommoCityBeach. dation.

'Phone:B3418. M.CRANLEY,Proprietor.

GAYNOR'SHISMAJESTY'SHOTEL HAYSTREET EXCELLENTCUISINE PERTH. MODERATETARIFF.

HOTEL PERTH. JACKEDDINGTON, Proprietor.

EXCELLENT ACCOMMODATION.

STAN.O'BRIEN, COURTHOTEL PERTH.

'Phone:B4261.

HOTELBEACONSFIELD, FREMANTLE. OverlookingtheOcean. SuperiorAccommodation. ModerateCharges. M.BYRNE (LateofGrandandShamrock Hotels,Boulder).

SUBIACOHOTEL.

FIRST-CLASS ACCOMMODATION. 'Phone:W1028. A.J.McHENRY,Proprietor.

VICTORIAHOTEL, ITAYSTREET,SUBIACO. RenovatedThroughout. EssenceofComfort. W.F.ARTIS,Proprietor. (LateofBalmoralHotel,Vic.Park)

COUNTRY.

DUKEOFYORKHOTEL, NARROGIN. ReconditionedandRefurnished. NewLounge,DiningRooms, andCommercialRooms. ARTHURBOYLAN,Proprietor. (LateGeorgeHotel,Perth).

FREEMASONSHOTEL, TOODYAY. ExcellentCuisine. AmaticeRefrigeratorInstalled. OldandNewFriendsare CordiallyWelcomed. MRS.E.WING,Proprietress.

GOLDFIELDS.

RodBeaton's HANNAN'SHOTEL, HANNANSTREET, KALGOORLIE.

STAR&GARTERHOTEL, Cnr.HANNAN&NETHERCOTTSTS.,KALGOORLIE. BERTSTARR Proprietor.

'Phone13. Box124. AUSTRALIAHOTEL, KALGOORLIE.

C.T.A.andR.A.C.HOUSE. OneMinutefromSt.Mary's Church.

HotandColdWaterinHotel Bathrooms.

RefrigerationThroughout.

OnlyLock-UpGaragesinthe CentreofTown. MjDILLON,Iicensee.

KEOUGH'SforCATERING

AnyNumber,Place,orTime.

ThreeReceptionRoomsforHire.

OnHire:Crockery,Cutleryand Glassware,etc.'PhoneB1724.

GLADKEOUGH.

NEWCASTLEST.,PERTH.

BRYANT&WATERS, SOto90STIRLINGST.,PERTH. WOOD&COALMERCHANTS.

OrdersPromptlyAttendedTo. 'Phone:B3938.

T.VIVIAN, 143Rokeby-road,Subiaco. W1539. FORSEWERAGECONNECTIONS, W1539. BadWaterPressure,BrokenPedestal Pans,BlockedSewerDrains,Cistern andRoofRepairs,T.V.Headlight MaskstoApprovedDesign.

.111H1.811111111.1111.1H1111.11111110.1111111111111111401111111111111

He:"You'regoodatconundrums; trythisone."

She:"Sure,goahead."

He:"Takeawaymyfirstletter,take awaymysecondletter,takeawayall myletters,andIamstillthesame. WhatamI?"

She:"That'seasy.You'reapostman."

* * *

Adisputeaboutprecedenceonce arosebetweenaBishopandaJudge, and,aftersomealtercation,thelatter thoughthewouldquiteconfoundhis opponentbyquotingthepassage,"For onthesetwohangalltheLawandthe Prophets."

"Doyounotsee,"saidthelawyerin triumph,"thateveninthispassageof Scripture,wearementionedfirst?"

"Igrantyou,"saidtheBishop,"you hangfirst."

"But,mydear,"bleatedthepoor littlehen-peckedhusband,"you'vebeen talkingforhalfanhour,andIhaven't saidaword."

"No,"snappedhiswife,"youhaven't saidanything,butyou'vebeenlisteninginamostaggravatingmanner,and I'mnotgoingtostandforit."

*

"Don'tgivemesuchwordlyreports whenyoumakethemoutinfuture," saidtherailwayinspectortotheline overseer."Justputdowntheconditionofthetrackasyoufindit.Leave outeverythingthatisn'ttothepoint. Iwantabusinessletter,notanovel."

Theoverseerrepliedthathegrasped theidea.Afewdayslatertheline wasbadlyflooded,andtheoverseer wrotehisreporttotheinspectorinthe newstyle.Itread:

"Wheretherailwaywastheriveris.* * *

Doctor:"Imustwriteyouaprescription-now,whereismyfountain pen?"

Patient:"Youputitundermyanti sometimeago."

Native:"Whatdoyouthinkofour town?"

CollegiateYouth:"Well,itcertainly isunique."

Native:"Whatdoyoumeanby unique?"

CollegiateYouth:"Well,itcomes fromtwoLatinwords-'unus"meaning 'one,'and"equs,'meaning'horse.'''

Thecharwomanwasaskedbyher mistresstoviewthenewwallpaper andfrieze.

"Whatdoyouthinkofthefrieze?" saidthemistress.

"Oh,Ithinkit'slovely,"repliedthe char."IthinkI'llhaveminefrozen justlikethat."

* * *

"I'lltakethispair,"saidtheyoung athlete,whohadbeenlookingattrack shoes.

"Theotherpairwillgiveyoumuch betterserviceinthelongrun,"suggestedthesalesman.

"Oh,butI'mnotinanyofthelong runs.I'monlyinthefifty-yarddash."

"IheartheGadabouts'homewas sweptbyfirelastnight,"saidthe neighbour.

"Well,thatisthefirsttimethat woman'shousehasbeensweptbyanything,"snappedtheother.

* *

"Thatwomanhasyettobeborn," observedthemanwhooccasionally thinksaloud.

"Whatwomanhasyettobeborn?" askedaninquisitivepersonwhooverheardtheremark.

"Theonethatcanlookataholein anewspaperwithoutwonderingwhat wascutout,"repliedheofthenoisy thoughts.

ForLongWear Use

"Gibsonia" Wools...

Writer'sWife:"Whydoyoukeep thelightburningforsomanyhours, John?"

Writer:"Todomywriting."

Wife:"Whydoyouwritesomuch then?"

Writer:"Topaythelightbills."

* * *

Thebarber,havingsoldabottleof hairrestorertoacustomer,said:"Excuseme,sir,butdoyouhappentoplay billiards?"

"Yes,why?"

"ThenImustwarnyou,sir,after usingthislotion,tobesuretowash yourhandsbeforesomuchastouchingabilliardball."

* *

"Theyalsohaveahatattendantat thenewhotel."

"Whatkindofacreatureisthat?"

"Oh,that'sthefellowyougiveyour hattowhenyougoinandbuyitback fromwhenyoucomeout!"

* * *

Thefarmer'swifewasfamousfor milesaroundforhersharptongue,but onedayshehadtostopnagging.A farmhorsekickedhersobadlythat shehadtogotohospital.

Duringherabsencetherewasaceaselessstreamofcallersatthefarm.

Thefarmerwastouched.

"It'sveryniceoftheneighbours,especiallythemen,tocallandaskafter themissus,"heremarkedtothemaidof-all-work.

"Aye,sir!"repliedthegirl,"but mostofthemwanttoknowifyou'll sellthehorse."

* *

"Isay,didyousayIstolethatsixpence?"

"No.Ionlysaidthatifyouhadn't helpedmetolookforitImighthave foundit!"

RandolphKnapp (W.A.O.A.)

SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN. 12ATWELLARCADE, 'PHONE:L1582-Fremantle.

ALBANY.

H.C.PriorFuneralDirector

ALBANY(Established1921), PrivateMortuary.MotorVehicles, ChargesModerate. 'Phone215. Albany,Mt.Barker,Denmarkand Districts.

"Well,mylittleman,"theladyaskedtheBoyScout,"whatwasyourgood deedforto-day?"

"Therewasonlyonedoseofmedicineleftinthebottle,"theScoutanswered,"soIletmylittlebrother haveit."

Twolittleboyswereinswimming. Onethrashedaboutwildly,butmade littleprogress.

"Hey,Jimmie,"shoutedtheother, "keepyerfingerstogetherwhenyer swimmin'.Yewouldn'teatsoupwith afork,wouldyer?"

"IpayasIgo,"declaredthepompouscitizen.

"NotwhileIhavechargeofthese houses,"saidtheagent."You'llpay asyoumovein."

* *

Abusinessmantellsofafriend whosaidtohimoneday:"Life-well, it'sjustnotworthliving;it'sjustone troubleafteranother.ButI'mgoing totryoutanewscheme....I'vejust engagedaman,andwheneverIhave aworry,I'mgoingtopassitonto him,andhe'llhavetotakecareofit."

"That'sagoodidea,"saidtheother. "Whatareyougoingtopayhim?"

"Athousandayear."

"What'sthat?Youcomplainofbad trade,andpayamanathousanda yeartotakecareofyourworries. Whereareyougoingtogetthe money?"

"Well,"saidthefriend."Ireckon that'sgoingtobehisfirstworry."

* * *

"Say,doctor,"growledJoe,inhospitalwith'flu,"Iaskedthenurseto putahotwaterbottleatmyfeet,but shestuckuphernoseandwalked away."

"Well,whatelsecouldyouexpect?" retortedthedoctor."She'sthehead nurse."

"Oh,"queriedJoe,"dotheyspecialisethatmuch?Thengetmeafoot nurse."

timesaweek.OntheFeastofthe SacredHeartIandanumberoflittle girlsfromourschoolwereHolyAngels. Well,dearAuntBessy,Iwillclose now.Hopingyouarewell.

KATHLEENTOWNING.

DearKathleen,-Iwasdelighted withyourlittleletter.Itmustbefun listening-intothewireless.Didyou knowthatthereisalotofCatholic broadcastingonSundaysandFridays? Youwouldbetoolittletounderseand ityet,butthereisplentyofgood musicyouwouldlike.Youareareal angeltohelptheBushies. AUNTBESSY.

youthatweshallhaveagreatrally ofoldfriendsbeforetheyearends.

AUNTBESSY.

Bridgetown.

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindsmall chequeenclosedandobligemebyacceptingsame.£5istogotowards theBusbies'Corner,andother£5to behandedtoRectorofSt.Charles' Seminary,tohelpeducatesomestudent.Sameisinthanksgivingfor manyblessingsreceivedfromthedear SacredHeart.

AFRIEND.

THE Bushies'Corner

DearCornerites,-Mondayisthe FeastofSt.AlphonsusLigouri.We shouldallrememberhimwithgratitudeastheFounderoftheCongregationoftheMostHolyRedeemer,or theRedemptoristFathers.Weall knowthegoodworktheydo,wehave allbeentotheirmissionsandretreats, andweshouldprayonMondayespeciallyforthesuccessoftheirwork,especiallyfortheconversionofsinners.

OnTuesdayistheFeastofSt.Stephen,whowasthefirstmartyr.He ,givesusanexampleofhowwemust giveopenprofessionofourreligion whenthegloryofGodorourneigh-

bour'sgoodrequiresit.Atallevents weshouldneverbeashamedofour Faith,butfeelprivilegedandbeable todefenditinpublicwhenrequired todoso.

OnFridayistheFeastoftheTransfiguration,bywhichOurLordtriedto cheertheApostlesbyshowingthem that,althoughHemustdieonthe Cross,itwasbydoingsoHewould enterintoHisglory.Ourdestinyis thesame-tosuffercheerfullythetrials ofthislifeforHissake,andsoone dayshareHisgloryinHeaven. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-We,thechildren oftheJuniorHighSchool,Highgate, havesavedupourpenniestofillina fewprickcardsfortheBusbies.We hadransomedsevenblackbabies,so SistersaidforthemonthoftheSacred Heartwewouldgiveourpenniesto helptheBusbies.Wearesopleased tobeabletofillinsixcards.Weall loveschoolandareworkingveryhard aswehaveamedalforeachclass.In ourroomareclassesI,II,andIII. Well,dearAuntBessy,wewillclose now.Hopingyouareverywell.We

LemonadeBottle

ACKNOWLEDGEDWITHTHANKS. £s.d.

AFriend 500

AnOldFriend 10

A.O'R. 40

DoraMaguire 29

willnotforgettoprayforyouandthe Bushies.

THECHILDRENOFTHEJUNIOR HIGHSCHOOL.

DearChildrenoftheJuniorHigh School,-Thankyouallsomuchfor yourgoodnesstotheBushies.You areallgreatapostlesatHighgate.It wasgreatworkransomingthoseseven blackbabies,butIamsogladyoudid notforgetthewhitebabiesofourown country.For,sadtorelate,somelittlechildreninAustraliagrowupjust aspaganasnegroesintheheartof Africa.Ihopeyoualldowellat schoolandthatGodwillblessyou.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Iamwritingyou alittleletter.Wesavedsomepennies fortheBushies,andSisterissending themtoyou.Iamaboarderatthe SacredHeartHighSchool,Highgate. LastWednesdaywasmybirthday.I wassevenandIspentthedaywith Mummy.Igotaprettypicturebook, andIcannearlyreaditall.Ihave alittlebrother;hisnameisTerry,and heisaboarderattheConventinCoolgardie.Well,dearAuntBessy,I thinkIwillsaygood-byeforthistime. HopingyouandtheBusbiesarewell.

PATBROOKS.

DearPat,-Yourletterwaslovely andacredittoyourselfandthegood Sisterswhoteachyou.I'llbetyou enjoyedyourbirthdaywithmother. WhatapityTerrycouldnothave beenhome.Still,you'reluckytobe atexcellentschools.TheBushiesand Ithankyouforthepennies.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Ifeelverypleasedtobeabletowriteyouthislittle letter.Wesavedsomepenniesto helptheBusbiesandaskedSisterto sendthemtoyou.IgototheJunior HighSchool,Highgate.IaminStandardIII.Ilovegoingtoschool.We workveryhardeachdaytogetmarks. Thelittlegirlwhogetsthehighest wearsthemedal,sowealltryhard. To-dayIbroughtmylittlesisterPam toschool.Iamsureshewilllike school,too.Wehavegoodfunat playtimewithourlittleplaymates. Well,dearAuntBessy,Iwillclose now.Hopingyouarewell.

LORRAINEVENTRIS.

DearLorraine,-ThankyouforhelpingtheBusbieswithyourpennies.I'm gladyoulikeschoolandworkhardto winthemedal.Bytheway,whata prettynameyouhave.Didyou knowthatitisthenameofapartof Francefromwhichcameoneofthe leadersoftheGreatCrusadeagainst theMohammedans?YouareaCrusader,too,andIexpectPamwillturn outlikewise. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Iampleasedto writeyouthislittleletter.Igoto theJuniorHighSchool,Highgate.I willbesevento-morrow.Iamin StandardI.Mylittleplaymatesare writingtoyoualso.Ilovecomingto school.Wehaveawirelesssetand listen-inatschool.Welisteninthree

DearAuntBessy,-Iamwritingyou alittleletter.IgototheJuniorHigh School,Highgate.IaminStandard I.WeallhelpedtosavesomepenniesfortheBushies.Myuncle,Rev. FatherCunningham,isinQueensland, andwhenhecomeshomeheisgoing tobringmea'possumandabandicoot.Ilovegoingtoschool.Iplay withallmylittleplaymates.Well, AuntBessy,Imustsaygood-bye.Hopingyouarewell.

PAULINEO'CONNOR.

DearPauline,-YoLrletterwas doublywelcome,becauseIknowyour uncle,FatherCunningham,verywell indeed.Idohopehebringsmehome abandicoot,too.Ihavealwayswantedoneandabunyip,also.Thanks foryourpennies;theywillhelpransomaBushie. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Itisalongtime sinceIsentyoualittleletter,butI havenotforgottenyou.Wehave beensavingupsomepenniesforthe Busbies,soIwantedtowriteyoua letterandsendthemin.IhelpSistersuchalot.Shecallsmeherrighthandman.IaminStandardI.My bigbrotherStaniscominghomefrom NewNorciatojointheAirForce.My Dadcamebackfromthewarandwe weregladtoseehim.Good-bye,Aunt Bessy.

ALLANMURPHY.

DearAllan,-Itdoesn'tmatterhow longsinceyourlastletter.Itwas goodtohearfromyouagain,andalso toreceivethepennies.TheBushies willbedelighted.Youmustbea greathelptoSister.Whatagreat dayitmusthavebeenwhenDadcame homefromthewarandStanjoining theAirForce,too. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Youknowalittle girl;hernameisAnnePatriciaTracey. Sheisnearlytwo,soshecan'twrite yetandSisterissendingyou'theprick cardherMummyandNannyfilledin forher.HerNannylivesinClifton Crescent,Mt.Lawlev.Sheisalways kindtotheBushies.WhenAnncomes toschoolshewillbeabletowriteher lettersbyherself.Good-bye.

ANNPATRICIATRACEY(perK.M.)

DearK.M.andAnn,-Itwasgood tohearfromyouboth.Itseemsthat kindnesstotheBusbiesrunsinthe family.Iamlookingforwardtothe daywhenAnncanwriteherself.In themeantime,givehermyloveandacceptsameyourself.Manythanks. AUNTBESSY. * * Pinjarra.

* *

DearAuntBessy,-AmenclosingIs. instamps(justamite),andaparcel ofusedstamps.Hopingsomekind peoplewillhelpyouwiththeBusbies' fund.

ANOLDFRIEND.

DearOldFriend,-Yourmitewas veryacceptable.Andit'sagreatpleasuretohearfromoldfriends,evenif they're"stonybroke."Ihopewith

DearFriend,-Yoursmallcheque wasagreatsurpriseandagreatpleasure.I'msuretheRectorofSt. Charleswillbeequallydelighted.You knowthereisaconnectionbetween theworkoftheSeminaryandthe workoftheBushies.Becausewetry tosupplyinalittlewayforthosepeopleandplacestowhichthepriestcan't getatallorveryseldom.Thanksindeed. AUNTBESSY.

Highgate.

DearAuntBessy,-Enclosedis2s. fortheL.B.,inthanksgivingtoSt.Anthonyinsendingmyumbrellaback, and2s.inhonourofSt.Vincentde Paul,whosefeastdayitisto-day;also somestamps.Pleasesendthename andaddressofsomechildreninthe bushandIwillsendthembooks,etc. Lotsofluckandbestwishes.

A.O'R.

DearA.O'R.,-Whataluckydayfor uswhenyoulostyourumbrella. Thanksindeedtoyou,toSt.Anthony, andtoSt.Vincent.Ihavesentyou thenameofabushfamilywhomyou havenow"adopted."I'msureyou willsendthemCatholicliteratureregularly.Youcouldn'tengageina worthierworkofCatholicAction.

AUNTBESSY.

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125Hanbury-street,Kalgoorlie.

DearAuntBessy,-Iamsorrythat Ididnotwritebefore,butIremember atschoolbutathomeIforget.The dayIgottheprickcardyousentme Ihadthemoneyforit.Iwasgoing tosenditbackstraightaway,butI didnothavetime.Iamgoingtobe ConfirmednextmonthatSt.Mary's Church,Kalgoorlie.Mylittlesister, Frances,canwalknow;shehastwelve teethandisfourteenmonthsold. Pleasesendmeanotherprickcard.I havetogotobednow.Cheerio!

DORAMAGUIRE.

DearDora,-We'reallabitforgetful, butifwerememberintimeall'swell. NextmonthyouwilljoinOurLord's specialarmythroughtheSacramentof Confirmation,andwe'llexpecteven biggerthingsofyouthen.Isuppose thelittlesisterkeepsyoubusy.Prick cardhasbeenforwarded.Thanksfor yourhelp. AUNTBESSY.

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St.Joseph'sCollege,Fremantle.

DearAuntBessy,-Iamwriting onceagaintoaskyouforsixBushie familiestowhomwecansendCatholic literature.SincethelasttimeIwrote manyofushavehadveryniceletters thankingusforthepapers.Iamvery pleasedtosaythatwewerethefirst totakeonBusbiesasLegionofMary work,butmanyothersarenowdoing so,whichnodoubtpleasesyouvery much.Iwillclosenow,andsaygoodbyeuntilnexttime.

MARYO'CONNOR.

DearMary,-Myword,youarea Trojan!Nofewerthansixfamilies youwanttoadopt!Icanwellimaginehowgratefulthoselonelycountry familieswouldbe.TheLegionislendingusabighandandwe'reverythankfulindeed.Thankyouathousand times. AUNTBESSY.

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town-lifegrewupaboutthemonasteriesandepiscopalsees.Thecraftswere keptaliveinthemonasteries,andbesidesanecclesiasticalsettlementa towncouldgrowincomparativeimmunityfromfeudalwar.Moreover, theguildsweretheoutcomeof,and kepttheformof,religioussocieties. Eachgroupofmerchantsandeach craftwasorganisedasareligiousconfraternity,whichregulatedworking conditions,prices,andstandardsof quality,andsoughttosecurejustice tobothproducerandconsumer.The guildkeptthefeastdayofitspatron saintwithasolemnMassandprovidedsuffragesforitsdeceasedmembers, notforgettingtomakecharitableprovisionfortheirsurvivingdependents.

'Christendom."

Itwouldtaketoolongtomakeeven summarymentionofthetriumphsof medievalartandculture,butImust concludebysayingsomethingofthe structureofthemedievalworld.Somewhattothedetrimentofchronological perspectiveIhaveleftthismatterto theend.Togoback,then:wesaw thatthenotionoftheRomanEmpire hadbeenrevivedinthetimeofCharlemagne.Hiscoronation,fallingexactlyintheyear800,isadatethatis easilyremembered.Isaidthatthat empiredidnotlongsurviveitsfounder;buttheideaoftheChristianempiresurvived.Intheyear962Otto. kingoftheSaxonsandleaderofall eastFrankland,wascrownedEmperor oftheWest.Hisdominionsstretched eastwardfromtheRhine,coveringthe GermanlandsbutexcludingPrussia. Ottoandhissuccessorsrelied,almost exclusively,ontheepiscopateforthe consolidationandsecurityofthenew empire;infacttheeasternboundary washeldbyalineoffortifiedepiscopalsees,towhichwascommittedthe taskofconvertingandcurbingthebarbarians.Inbct,sonecessarywere thebishopstotheimperialsystem, thatthequestionoftheirappointment ledtoadisputeofmorethanacentury'sdurationbetweentheemperors andthePopes.Butwearenotconcernedwiththedetailsofmedieval history.Theimportantthingisto

grasptheideathatlaybehindthis RomanEmpireoftheWest.Known tohistoryastheHolyRomanEmpire, thisChristiansociety,presidedoverby thePopeandanEmperorcrownedby thePope,seemedtomedievalChristianstobethenaturalpoliticalexpressionoftheirFaith.Asanidealit informedthemindsofmentilltheReformation,andasapoliticalstructure itlastedtillNapoleon,impatientofa rivalwhocouldclaimtowearasenior crown,forcedtheEmperortoassume thetitleofEmperorofAustria.It willbeseenatoncethatinthislatter guisetheempireoftheWestlasted tillourowntime,beingfinallyextinguishedin1918,thoughOttoofHapsburgstillmaintainshisclaimtothe imperialthroneandthepresentruler ofHungarybearsthetitleof"Regent"outofdeferencetohisclaim.

ThenotionthatChristiannations shouldbewhollyseveredfromonean. otherwithoutanyadmissionoftheir communioninthebrotherhoodofthe Christianfaithissurelyrepugnantto theChristianmind,anditwascertainlyforeigntothemedievalmind.That iswhy,whiletheHolyRomanEmperorsneversucceeded,norcame withinsightofsucceeding,inestablishinganadministrativesystemcoterminouswiththeChristianWest,the ideaofChristianunitydidinformthe mindoftheWest.SuchcommoneffortsastheCrusadeswerepossible; scholarsflockedeasilyfromnationto nation;andtheexcessesofnationalistichatredswerekeptincheck.While theEmperor'swritdidnotrunfurther thanhecouldleadhisknights,thenotionofChristendom-theconceptof theChristianityformingasocietyof freenationsunderthepresidencyof anEmperorcrownedbyChrist'sVicar -didgivetotheChristianWesta senseofunity,and,forallitsdefects, theHolyRomanEmpiretowhichall Christianprincesregardedthemselves atleastinsomevaguewayaffiliated, didgivesomeimperfectexpressionto thefactthatallChristiansareunited intheMysticalBodyofChrist.No LeagueofNationsthatdoesnotadmit thedominionofChristandman'sneed ofunityinChristcaneversatisfythe Christianmind.

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