The Record Newspaper 29 April 1943

CardinalVanRoey,PrimateofBelgium

*DefendsRightsofCatholics

bekeptinthefutureeventotheend oftheworld.

"Therefore,wemaybesurethatthe Churchwillarisevictoriousfromany difficultywhatsoever.

"Butthismustbeunderstood:the promisehastodowiththeChurchin mass.TheCatholicChurchwillexist throughoutthecenturiesdespitepersecutions,despiteallthedisastersthat maybefallhumanity.Butthisdoes notnecessarilyapplytothisorthat country:thedivinepromiseassuch doesnotcontainspecificallytheassurancethattheCatholicChurchwillbe preservedalways,forexample,inBelgium.France,orinthisorthatnation:andonthispoint,oftenoneerrs. Tomaintainthecontrarywouldbeto contradicthistory.

"Onehasonlytoreviewthehistory fthechurchtorealiseimmediately "Catholicshavetherighttoproclaim.toteach,todefend,andto practisetheCatholicreligion,andCatholicprinciplesinallfields,not onlyindividually,butalsofromthefamilyviewpoint,intheState,in publiclifeandinternationallife,andwithallthemeansplacedat thedispositionofman."ThisdeclarationoftherightsofCatholicsis containedinanaddressbyHisEminenceJosephCardinalVan Roey-successortothegreatCardinalMercierasArchbishopof Malines,PrimateofBelgium,anddefenderoftherightsofhisfellowBelgiansagainsttheinvader-thetextofwhichwaspublishedinfull intheL'OsservatoreRomano.""Inthepresentsituation,intheprofoundmoralcrisisofthishour,whatisthepositionoftheCatholic Church?"CardinalVanRoeyasked."ThatiswhatIamgoingto setforthinthisaddress,sinceIwishtodirectyourattentionto certainpointsofactuality.

"TheChurchevidentlyisexposedto graveperils.Willshearisevictorious fromthiscataclysm?Willsheovercomethesedangers?Thereplyis:The Churchisindefectible,andhasthedivinepromiseofperpetuity:'Thegates ofhellshallnotprevailagainstit.'

ThatisthepromiseofOurLordtoSt. Peter.'Iamwithyoualldays,even untotheconsummationoftheworld,' isanothersolemnpromisewhichHe madetoHisApostlesbeforedeparting forHeaven.Thispromise,ashistory demonstrates,hasbeenkeptandwill

thatthepromiseofperpetuitydoesnot applytotheChurchinthisorthat country,nomatterhowCatholicrr ibristianitmayhavebeen.

"Letusconsidertheearlydays.In AsiaMinor,wheretheApostleslabouredintheregionsclosetoPalestine,and laterinNorthAfrica,Christianity spreadmagnificently.Thencamethe timewheneverythingwasblottedout andnothingremained;whenMohammedanisminvadedNorthAfricaawl theNearEastanddestroyedabsolutelyeverythingthatwasleftoftheearly Christianity.Furthermore,incertain countriesoftheOccidentcruelpersecutionswereunleashed.Whatwas

THESHOPFORBETTERSERVICE. Anygoodssenttocountrynotsatisfactorywepayfreight.

Ourmottois:"Wehaveit;wewill getit,oritcannotbehad."

DefinesRelationsBetween CHURCHANDSTATE

wouldpermitthesuppressionoftheCatholicChurchinEurope,inthatgroup ofcountrieswhichtrulyhaveconstitutedthehearthstoneoftheChurchin thosecountriesinsuchawayasto suppresstheinfluenceoftheCatholic Church;andthereisamplereasonfor believingthis.

"OnthispointIfindadifferenceof opinioninmanycirclesandcurrentin thePress.Therearesome,evenCatholic's,whosay:'Itisoflittleconcern totheChurchwhatthefateofour countrywillbeafterthewar,orwhat regimenwillbeimposed!because'-so theysay-'theChurchadaptsherselfto allregimens.'Whatarewetothink aboutsuchanopinion?

leftoftheCatholicChurchinthose countriesuntilsuchtimeaslibertywas restored?WhenProtestantismarose, inmanysectionsCatholicworshipand alltheactivityoftheChurchweresuppressedentirely.

SuppressioninEurope.

"Thereforeweneednotassumethat wearesureofremainingCatholicsbecauseOurLordhasmadegreatpromisestoHisChurch;butIbelieve thatitcanbeaffirmedthatamassof nationscanhavetheassurance,thecertaintyofbeingsavedaccordingtothe Catholicviewpoint.Icannotimagine, forexample,that 1),,'iderre

"Evidentlythereisneedtodistinguish.TheCatholicChurchadapts herselftoallregimensonconditionthat theseregimenssafeguardherliberty,do notviolateorsuppresstherightsof conscience;butastoadaptingherself toregimensthatoppresstherightsof conscience,toregimensthatpersecute theCatholicChurch,thatcannotbe. Themoreorlesstolerableregimensto whichtheChurchisadaptablearecomparativelyfew,andnotofmanycategories.Iftheseregimensdosafeguardandupholdtherightsofthe ChurchandpermithertofulfilherDivinemission,whichistodoeverythingpossibleforthesalvationofsouls,the Churchacceptsthem,doesnotoppose themandadaptsheractivityinthose places.

"Butitisquiteevidentlyimpossible' forhertoadaptherselftoallregimens_ Letusrefertohistory.Wasthe ChurchadaptedtoMahommedanism? Shewassimplysuppressedincountries whereitdominated.IstheChurch adaptabletoregimensofpersecution? No.

"Thereforeitisabsolutelyfalseto saythattheChurchisadaptableto allregimens.TheChurchfaresasdo humanorganisations.Mencanlive

(ContinuedonBackCover.)

"SchoolTeacher,''N.S.W.:

Q.:Iwouldliketoaskyouropinion ofaviewIhaveheardveryoftenexpressedbymycontemporaries,and towhichIhavenoconvincinganswer,thoughIdonotagreewithit.

TheCatholicDoctrineofChastity WasChrist'sCursingoftheFigTree a

R.:Iamhappy,indeed,tohear thatyoudonotagreewithit.But thesooneryougetaconvincinganswer toitthebetter.Iamspeakinghere fromtheviewpointofargument.I amsurethat,quiteapartfromall theoreticalreasons,youwouldoffera veryconvincingnotoanyeffortsof suchmenastheoneyouquotetoput theirrottenprinciplesintopractice withyourco-operation.Thatyou shouldhaveheardsuchviewsasyou describeveryoftenexpressedbypeopleto-clayisasadcommentaryon theirdriftagefromChristianity,aswell asontheircolossalignoranceofmoral principles.Buttheyarenotmerely ignorant.Theyareguiltyofinsincerityandhypocrisy,pretendingtovirtueevenwhilstpanderingtotheir passions.ThatwillbeclearasIgo on.

RELIGIONTHEENEMY.

Q.:Diningadiscussiononpresent-day morality,amanstatedthatreligion, asitispractisedto-day,isentirely outofdate,andnotinkeepingwith thetimes.

K.:Ofcourse,hewouldnotsuspect thatthetimesareentirelyoutofjoint, andnotinkeepingwithreligion!If religioncondemnswhathewantsto do,thenitisreligionthatmustbe wrong,nothe.Ifreligionisright, thentheconductheadvocatesisdepravityitself,andtheonewhoindulgesinitarotter.Butthatthought istoouncomfortable.Hewantsboth theconductreligiondeclarestobe evil,andtopreservehisself-respectat thesametime.Andtheonlywayto dothatistodenytheteachingsofreligion,declaresinisnotsin,afterall, orevenpretendthatitisvirtue,and goahead.

THEDEVILQUOTESSCRIPTURE.

Q.:Heheldthat,ifanyonekeptthe TenCommandments,whateverhis otherbeliefs,hewouldcertainlygo toheaven.

R.:Theveryauthorityhehasfor theTenCommandments,andforthe possibilityofgoingtoheavenisthe Bible.AndtheBibleitselfcontradictshisglibassertion.If,indeed, theBiblebeGod'srevelation,itisall equallytrue.Onwhatgroundsdoes beacceptonlytheTenCommandmentsandtheprospectofheaven, andthenwipeouttherest.Asa matteroffact,theTenCommandmentsthemselvesexcludetheconduct headvocates,asIshallshowina moment.Didheputhisrottenprinciplesintopractice,hewouldnoteven hekeepingtheCommandmentswhose obligationheadmits.Butwherein theltihlefloe,itsaythatitdoe,:not

1.

ArchbishopofSydney. matterwhateverelseonebelieves,it's allright,providedonekeepstheTen Commandments?WhenChristsaid toHisApostles,"AllthingsthatI haveheardofMyFatherIhavemade knowntoyou.Go,andteachallnations.Hewhobelievesnotshallbe condemned,"hadHetaughttheApostlesnothinginadditiontotheTen Commandments?AndweretheadditionaldoctrinesHetaughtofsolittle authoritythatitdidn'tmatterwhether peoplebelievedthemornot?Itis badenoughforamantorenouncereligionaltogether,andopenlyadvocate immorality.Butitisaddinginsultto injuryforsuchamantoappealtoreligion,distortingittosuithisevilpurposes.

* * *

TRIBUTETOTHECHURCH.

Q.:HesaidthatsomeofthebeliefsexpoundedbythevariousChurches, theCatholicChurchinparticular, werenotincludedintheCommandments.

R.:Consideringhisviews,hisparticularcondemnationoftheCatholic Churchisaparticularcompliment whichthatChurchgladlyaccepts.The moreheblamesherforinsistingthat modesty,purity,andchastity,ar's. Christianvirtues,andthesexualabuse isimmoral,vicious,andsinful,thebettershewillbepleased.Nottheopposition,huttheapprovalofimmoral menisthatwhichshouldgivecausefor

anxiety.Butletmeaddherethathe isaltogetherwronginpretendingthat theparticularbeliefhewantstoattack ismerelythearbitraryteachingofthe Churchbeyondanywillandintention cnthepartofAlmightyGod.Ipass overhiseffronteryintheblandassertionthattheteachingoftheChurch for2,000years,andofalltheologians duringthatlongperiod,iswrongbecauseitdoesn'thappentofitinwith hiscomfortablebeliefs.

MAINTROUBLE-CHASTITY.

Q.:Themainthingheinsistsuponis thatsexualrelationsbetweensingle peoplewerenotforbidden.Only adultery,whichappliestomarried people,wasmentioned.

R.:Ofcourse,everybodyknewthat wascoming.Themaintroubleisthe law,"Thoushaltnotcommitadultery."Andyourfriendassuresus thatthisappliesonlytomarriedpeople.Hewillhavetoforgiveusfor preferringtheinterpretationofChrist HimselfWho,afterquotingthelaw, "Thoushaltnotcommitadultery," added,"ButIsaytoyouthatwhosoevershalllookonawomantolust afterherhathalreadycommittedadulterywithherinhisheart."Whether thewomanismarriedorsinglematters not.Thatthemanwouldnotknow. HehassinnedagainsttheCommandment,"Thoushaltnotcommitadultery,"bydeliberatelyindulgingthe passionoflustindesire.Yourfriend tellsusthat,accordingtotheBible. wehavebuttokeeptheTenCommandments,andwe'llcertainlygoto heaven;butthattheCommandments don'tforbidsexrelationship,orfornication,betweensinglepeople.Listen, then,totheBible,"Theworksofthe flesharemanifestfornication,uncleanness,immodesty ofthewhichI foretellyouthattheywhodosuch thingsshallnotobtaintheKingdom ofGod."(Gal.V.,19,21.)Or,again, "Knowyouthis,andunderstand:That nofornicatororuncleanorcovetous personhathinheritanceintheKingdomofChristandofGod.Letnr, mandeceiveyouwithvainwords.For, becauseofthesethingscomeththe angerofGoduponthechildrenofunbelief."(EphV5.6.1

SEDUCTIONMADEEASY.

Q.:Thismanbelieves,then,thatsuch., relationshipsarenotreallywrong. R.:Hehasnogroundsforhisbeliefsavehiswishthattheywerenot wrong.And,ofcourse,hewouldlike topersuadeothermen'sdaughtersto sharehisopinion,regardlessofthe numberofvictimsleftinhistrailas hewentonwithhispursuitoflust.

Q.:HemaintainsthatGodhasnotforbiddenthem.

R.:Thatisalie.Andhispleathat genuinereligiondoesnotexcludethe vioationofchastityisamockeryof religion,whilsthisuseofthenameof God,andhiscitationofHolyScripture insupportofimmoralityissacrilege.

ALTOGETHERWRONG.

Q.:Hesaysthattheyaremerelysins againstsociety.

R.:Promiscuousimmoralityisop-a. I".sedtothegoodofsociety;butitis intrinsicallyevilinitselfquiteapart fromthat,andviolatesboththenaturalmorallawandthepositiveCommandmentsofGod.Ihavenotdealt atlengthwiththenaturalmorallaw. ButIamquitepreparedtoprovefrom reasonalonethatallsex-indulgenceoutsidethestateofmarriageismorally evil,andalwaysreprehensible.Time doesnotpermitthatnow,butifyou requestit,Iwilldealwiththesubjectfromthatpointofviewonanother occasion.ThemanyouquoteappealedtoreligionandtheBible,anditis sufficienttoshowthatbythemhe standscondemned.Andhewould standcondemnedbyhisownconscience,andbyanyshredofdecencyhe mightstillpossess,didhepayheedto theirverdict.Thedisgustwithwhich histheoriescannotbutfillalldecent peopleisguaranteeenoughofthat.

-TheBarrenFig-Tree

"GratefulListener,"Croydon:

Q.:Willyou,kindly,explaintheincidentofChristandthefigtree,as narratedinSt.Mark'sGospel,XI., 13-14?

R.:Theaccountreadsasfollows: "Andwhenhehadseenafaroffafigtreehavingleaves,hecameif,perhaps,hemightfindanythingonit.And whenhewascometoit,hefound nothingbutleaves.Foritwasnot -thetimeforfigs.And,answering,he saidtoit:Maynomanhereaftereat fruitoftheeanymoreforever.And hisdisciplesheardit."

Later,St.Marktellsusthat,asa resultofOurLord'swords,thefig-tree witheredaway.IndealingwithYour owncomments,Iwillexplainthesignificanceofthisevent.

NOTTIMEFORFIGS.

Q.:St.Markdefinitelystatesthatthe timeforfigswasnotyet,meaning apparentlythatitwasnottheseason forfigs.

R.:Thatistrue.Fortheevent tookplaceinthemonthofApril,and theearliestfigswouldnot,asarule, beripebeforeJune.Buttherewas aspecialpeculiarityaboutthisparticularfig-tree,indicatedbySt.Mark'sdescriptionofitas"afig-treehaving leaves."Thefruitofthefig-treeis 'generallyformedbeforetheleavesbegintoappear.Theprematurefoliage, therefore,suggestedalsopremature figs.ButOurLordfoundnothing butleaves.Itwasfalsetotheexternalprofessionitmade.

* *

WHYCURSETHETREE?

Q.:Why,then,shouldJesus.Whoas God,musthaveknownthisfact, curseanddestroythetreefornot havingfruit?

RTivouthinkonlyofthetreeas atree,theincidentwouldscarcely makesense.Ifyoutakeitasitwas intended,thatis,asaparableinaction,thelessonisobvious.ConformingtoHebrewcustoms,andadapting Himselftothementalityof teners,OurLordtaughtHisdoctrine veryoftenbyparables,whetherin words,orbysymbolicactions.This particulartree,byitsdeceptiveprospectoffruit.symbolisedtheJewsof .Terusalem.Theyhad,onlytheday before,welcomedHimwithgreatdemonstrationsofenthusiasm.aworthlessprofessionoffruitthatwasnot there.For,farfromacceptingthe

salvationHeoffered,theyrejected Huninpractice,andagreedtoHis condemnation.Thefig-tree,withits falsepromi-e.didnotdeserveanyparticulartreatment,goodorbad.It wassimplyaninanimateobject.But itsymbolisedthestateoftheJewsof Jerusalem,andOurLord'streatment ofitgraphicallyrepresentedthetreatmentJerusalemdeserved,andwould receive.

POWEROFPRAYER.

Q.:Secondly,thesentence,"AndHis disciplesheardit,"seemstometo inferthatJesushadnotintendednor wishedHisdisciplestohearHim cursingthetree.

R.:Thatisnotajustifiedinference. St.Markismerelymakingafactual report.ThecontextshowsthatJesus didintendHisdisciplestohearHim. ItmustnotbeimaginedthatHecursedthetreebyhasty,ill-tempered,and vindictiveabuse.Inreality,Heofferedaprayer,"Maynomanhereafter eatfruitoftheeanymoreforever," andusedthefactthatthetreedid,indeed,witherawaytoteachHisdisciplestohavefaithintheefficacyof prayer.Heintendedthemtogain thatpresentlessonfromtheincident,knowingthatthepropheticsignificanceofthefig-tree'sfatewouldbe morethanmadeclearbythefuture destructionofJerusalem.

4, ANUNWARRANTEDDIFFICULTY.

Q.:Briefly,mydifficultyistoreconcilethefactofChrist'sDivinity withwhat,inanyordinarymortal, onewouldfeelinclinedtodescribeas adisplayofbadtemper.

R.:Ithinkmyexplanationhas clearedupthatpoint.Thereis nothingintheincidenttoindicate thatChristspokeoutofmerepassion orimpulse,becausenofruitwasfound onthetree.Thenarrativesuggests onlycalm,dispassionate,conductbyits verymoderationofstatement.But thesenseoftheincidentbecomesclear only itisrealisedthatthebarrenfig-treewasusedasasymbolor typeoftheJewsofJerusalemwhohad givensuchsignsofwelcometoOur Lordthedaybefore,onlytoturn atminstHimsosoon,and'declarethat Hewasnotwelcomeatall.Ifmy explanationseemsinadequate,and ifyoustillhavedifficulties,writeagain, andIwilltrytomakethingsstill clearer.

RighttoFamilyWage

"Catholic,"Sydney:

Q.:Recentlyyouspokeinfavourof the"BeveridgePlan."

R.:Isaidexpresslythatmyintentionwasnottoadvocateit,buttoask afairhearingonitsbehalf,insteadof toohastilycondemningit.

Q.:DoesnotCatholicsocialtheoryinsistthatsecurityfortheworkers shouldbeattainedbyafamilyliving wage,andthatthisfamilywage shouldbeafirstchargeonindustry?

R.:Yes.Foramanisnotmerelya slave.Heisahumanbeing.And byhislabourheshouldbeableto maintainhimselftogetherwiththewife andchildrenhehasanaturalhuman righttopossess.Moreover,heshould haveenough,inadditiontobaremain tenance,tobeabletoprovideforold "age,sickness,andunemployment,by properinsurance,andtobeableto savesufficientmoneyforthegradual purchaseofproductiveproperty.The firstchargeonanybusinessorindustryistoseethatallactivelyengaged initreceivewagesadequateforthese purposes.Onlyafterthatshould dividendsbepaidtoinvestors.By thenaturallawaworkerhastheright tolivebyhiswork,andtheshareholder'srighttoadividendisquite inferiortothat.Adividendmaybe paidonlywhenithasbeenjustly earned.Andithasnotbeenjustly

""Children'snovels,illustratedbooks, andallkindsofstorybookssuitablefor JuvenileSectionofourCatholicLibrary,arewanted.

toeveryfamily,accordingtothe numberofchildreninit.

R.:ThePlanismorecomplexthan that.Theinsurancefund,fromwhich grantsaretobemade,istobebuilt upbycontributionsfromemployers, sothatindustrywillstillhavetodo itsshareoverandabovepaying wages;bycontributionsfromwageearners;andbyallocationsfromconsolidatedrevenuetosupplyanydeficiency.Theacceptanceoffamily allowancesfromsuchaninsurance fundwouldnotbetheacceptanceof charity.Thegrantingofsuchallow anceswouldbeanactofsocialjustice onthepartoftheState,recognising therightsofthosewhoproducethe populationwithoutwhichtheStateitselfcouldnotexist,andseeingthat theywillbeabletodosowithoutunnecessaryfinancialanxietyThePlan shouldnotbecondemnedoff-hand.If itsecureforeverybodyfreedomfrom want,itwillhaveaccomplishedone necessaryreform.ButIadmitthat thereisroomforcriticismontwo pointsatleast:firstly,astowhether theshiftingofresponsibilityfromparentsandindustrytotheStateisnot tooextreme:and,secondly,whether theprovisionundertheschemewillal-

lowsufficientscopeforsavings,theacquiringofmodestproperty,andpersonalprovisionforthefutureofparentsandchildren.

ADEQUATESOCIALREFORM.

Q.:CantheBeveridgePlanhopeto provideadequatesocialreform?

R.:No.Nordoesitprofesstobe abletodoso.SirWilliamI3everidge admitsthatadequatesocialreformwill requireconcertedsocialpolicyinmany fields.Hisplanisconcernedonly withimmediatefreedomfromwant, andforeverybody.Whetherheintendsthathisplanshouldbeembodied inthenewsocialorderpermanently, sidemysidewithotherreforms,Ido notknow.Hemayenvisagethetime whenitwillbesuperseded,andpracticallyrenderedunnecessary,ifindustrialCapitalismcanbemadetogive wastotheco-operativeorganisationof employersandworkersasindustrial partners,chargedwiththecontrolof theirownactivitiesforthegood,both ofthemselvesandofsocietyatlarge. Thatwouldlead,ofcourse,inthedirectionoftheChristianCorporativeState, suchasSalazaraimsatestablishingin Portugal.Buttimewillnotpermit mygoingontodiscussthat.

ArchbishopofSydney

MM.,Lakemba.

Q.:IwouldliketoknowwhyDr.GilroysignshimselfArchbishopofSydney.

R.:BecausehehasbeenlawfullyappointedbytheCatholicChurchtorule overtheArchdioceseofSydney. Q.:TheChurchofEnglandisthereligionoftheBritishEmpire;andas theheadofthatreligionhere,Dr. Mov'llisArchbishopofSydney.

R.:TheChurchofEnglanddoesnot constitutethereligionoftheBritish Empire.ItistheState-established ChurchinEngland.HereinAustraliathereisnoState-establishedreligion.Constitutionally,Australiaprofessesnoreligion,andgrantsliberty andequalitytoall.ThetitlesassumedbytheleadersofthevariousChurchesisentirelyamatterforthemselves.CatholicsrecogniseDr.Gilroy astheirArchbishopofSydney,whilst AnglicansacknowledgeDr.Mowll.In thesightoftheState,thisisamatter ofcompleteindifference.Inthesight ofGod,heisthetrueArchbishop,who presidesoverthetrueChurchinSydney,Formentoknowthemindof Godonthematter,itisnecessaryfor themtodiscoverwhichofthetwo Churches,CatholicorAnglican,isthe trueChurchestablishedbyChrist.

* * * *

ARESPECTEDPOSITION.

earned,ifalivingfamilywagehasnot beenpaidtotheworkers.

BEVERIDGEPLAN'SDENIAL.

QThe"BeveridgePlan"isbasedon thedenialthatindustryhasnoobligationtopayafamilywage,and that,inanycase,itwillbeableto doso.

R.:Catholicscannotacceptthedenialthatindustryhasanobligationto supportisworkersadequatelybypayingafamilywage.Butwhethera givenbusinessorindustrywillprospersufficientlytobeabletofulfilthe obligationisanothermatter.Itis difficulttoaccepttheBeveridgesuppositionthatindustryingeneralcould notdoit.Butweallowforthepossibilitythatsomegivenbusinessorindustrycouldnotdoso,eitherbecause burdenedwithdebt,orthroughloss ofmarkets,orthroughbadmanage. ment.Insuchacase,thebusiness shouldgooutofexistenceratherthan employmenatlessthanthefamily wage,or,ifthesocialserviceitrenders fssufficientlyimportant,theState shouldsupplementthewagesitcan pay,tobringthemuptotheminimumprevailingfamilystandard.That wouldbeoneformofState-granted familyallowances. * *

PROSANDCONS.

Q.:Denyingindustry'sobligationand abilitytopaythefamilywage,the "BeveridgePlan"suggestsaminimumwageinsufficienttosupporta family,andthenchildren'sallowancesgranteddirectlybytheState

Q.:ThisisnotaRomanCatholiccountry,anditneverwillbe.

R,:Itisalwaysrashtoburstinto prophecy.Leavingthefuturetotake careofitself,Iwillinglyadmitthat thisisnotaCatholiccountry.But neitherisitanAnglicancountry:nor

aPresbyteriancountry;noraMethodist,Baptist,Oongregatiortal,orany otherkindofcountryreligiously.It expresslydisclaimsanyreligiousdesignation.

Q.:Therefore,Dr.Gilroyissimplyan Archbishopofnostanding,exceptin theeyesofCatholics.

R.:Thatisnottrue.Itistrue, ofcourse,thatwhenhesignshimself asArchbishopofSydney,heknows thatonlyCatholiccitizenswillacknowledgehisecclesiasticaljurisdiction. Hewouldnotexpectotherwise,But itdoesnotfollowthathehasno standingwithotherswhodonotbelongtotheCatholicChurch.There arethousandsofnon-CatholicsinSydneywhoarewelleducated,cultured, andrefined,andwhoholdtheirCatholicfellowcitizensinesteem,respectingthegreatChurchtowhich theybelong.Andtheyextendthis esteemandrespecttoArchbishopGilroyinvirtueofthepositionheholds inthesightoftheirCatholicfellow citizens.Andtheywouldcertainly resentyourwritinginsuchaway.However,Ihaveexplainedyourquestion astowhyDr.Gilroysignshimselfas ArchbishopofSydney,andhaveshown thattheconsiderationsypuurgedo notrenderitinappropriate.

STURMERandSON

LateHallions), BAKERS.

90JOHNSTREET,NORTH

FREMANTLE. Tel.2739.I

PrizeWinnersRoyalShow. DeliveriesThroughoutFremantle.

Don'twaituntilyouhavea PRESCRIPTION tuthinkofyour CHEMIST!

Rememberhegivesa

THEdeparture II ofDr.IsaacSteinbergfromAustraliaafterastayof fouryearsrevivesaconsiderationof thereasonsforwhichhecametothis country.Theproposalwastosettle perhaps50,000Jewishimmigrantsinthe Kimberleydistrict-aschemetobe financedbytheFreelandLeaguefor JewishTerritorialColonisation,and controlledbytheCommonwealth.Dr. Steinbergreceivedveryconsiderable supportiorthisschemethroughoutthe Commonwealth,buttometheproposalsarefarfromsatisfactory.I knowattheoutsetthatitisimprudent todiscussthematterpubliclybecause oppositiontoitisquicklybrandedby peoplewhoareveryglibwiththecatchcryofanti-Semitism.

Butsomeaspectsoftheproposal meritseriousconsiderationbyallwho areconcernednotonlyaboutthefuture oftheCommonwealth,butalsoabout thefutureoftheJewsinit.

Inthefirstplace,Dr.Steinberghas hadacurioushistory.HewasCommissarforJusticeinRussiaduring Lenin'sregime.Thisfact,ifknown, hasnotbeenmentionedinthedailypapersorintheCommunistpresswhich issoreadytovilifyitsopponents.As Australianswhohavesufferedandsufferfromtheirresponsibilityofthe Reds.wefiavetherighttoknowwhere Dr.Steinbergstandsto-day.Isit proposedtomodeltheKimberleysettlementonthecommunalJewishfarms ofPalestine,whichareovertlyCommunisticineveryway?Andifso,why istheresuchapathyineveryquarter whentheproposalhasbeensouncriticallyreceived?

AbouttheKimberleysettlementitselfthereisplentyofroomfordebate. Thereisgoodreasontobelievethat theschemewillbeanutterfailure,at leastasfarasAustraliaisconcerned. Whetheritwillbeafailureasfaras theJewsareconcernedisanothermatter.Butinallthediscussionsofthis schemetherehasbeennomentionof whatistohappeniftheschemefails. Icanconceivenosafeguardswhichwill toensure refugeesadmittedtotheKimberleys wouldnotsimplydrifttothemore pleasantpartsoftheState.Inany case,itisveryundesirabletosettlea largeblocofforeignerswithinaState. InQueenslandandelsewheretheunwisdomofthisprocedurehasbeenmade evidentduringthewar.ButtheJews constituteaspecialproblemowingto thefactthattheyarenotassimilated intotheraceamongwhichtheydwell. Itwillbenecessaryintheirownintereststogivethem,iftheyareadmitted intothecountry,aspeciallegalstatus andfirmlydefinedrights.Otherwise theunhappyexperiencesofothercountriesmaysomedaybe:epeatedhere.

R.TINDALLreturnstothe '`f allimportantmateroftheafter-life. HesaysIcannotKNOWaboutit,but onlyacceptitonfaith.Whathedoes notrealiseisthatFaithisthehighest kindofknowledgebecauseitdoesnot restforitsconclusionsonthefinite andfalliblemindofman,butonthe infiniteandeternalknowledgeofGod. FaithisarevelationtomeoftheDivineWisdomofGod.Webelievethis andthatbecauseGodhasrevealed thesethingstobeso.Evenhuman knowledgereliestoaverylargeextent onauthority,especiallyscientificknowledgesuchasMr.Tindallquotes.Itis manifestlyabsurdtosupposethatthe individualsofeachgenerationshould havetosetabouttestingeveryfragmentoflearningfrompreviousgenerations.

Authorityisprettyimportant.Communistsaccuseusofnothavingmuch funinthislife,becausewebelievein the"pieintheskywhenwedie."And theysaythereisnoafterlife,sowe arethemugs.Onwhatauthority? Well,itgoesbacktoKarlMarx.But

lotsofotherclevermenHAVEbelievedinGod,soaretheynotgoodauthoritiestoo?Alright,then,what aboutyou?IbelieveinGod,andI knowthatwhenIdie-itwon'tbelong -I'llgotoHim:becausethat'swhere Icamefrom.Onwhatauthority?On theauthorityofaMannamedJesus Christ,whowasactuallyGod.Alright,butonwhatauthoritydoyou knowthat?BecauseHesaidthatif theykilledHim-andHeletthemdo it-Hewouldcomebacktolifeafter threedays.Andhowdoyouknow Hereallydid?Becausefor2,000years peoplehavebeentryingtoproveHe didn't,andtheynearlyallendupby admittingthattheycan't.AndHe sent12simplemenwhosmeltoffish

FRANCIS GILBERT

out,andtheyendedbyconvertingthe world.That'sgoodenoughprooffor me.

HesaidHewouldrisefromthedead, andHedid.

That'snotbadauthority,isit?

Butthehightoneofthediscussion thendropswithacrash.Italmost seemsthatitdoesn'tmattertoMr. Tindall."Whyworry?"heasks.That, ofcourse,dependsonwhatyoubelieve. Tosaythatitdoesn'tmatterwhatyou believeandthatone'sbeliefcan'talter things,istoignorethemostpatenthistoricalfacts-whichare,thattheCatholicChurchwasthechiefformative elementinthemakingofEurope,and thattheworld'sapostasyfromher ranksisthechiefcauseofthemodern chaos(includingthosefundamental economicillsaboutwhichMr.Tindall's worldrevolves).

Thedoctrineof"bestliveto-day"is stillwhatitoriginallywas,butitis entirelylogicalforonewhodeniesthe after-life.Itstrikesmeasstrange thatonewhosincerelyhungersand thirstsforjustice(evenaweirdconceptionofit)likeMr,Tindalldoesnot pausetoconsiderthat,infact,very littlejusticeisdoneinthislife.Surely, unlessitisacompletelylunaticcreation,theremustbe,soonerorlater, someredress.Nearlyallmenarecompelledtothishope,andsouniversal aphenomenoncannotlightlybeset aside.

Mr.Tindallthenreturnstotheattackbywhichhehopestoprovethe PopeaCapitalist.ThePopedoesnot frownontheRussians,richorpoor. HecondemnsnotRussiabuttheBolsheviksystem.Likewisehehasno moreregardforFrancothanforthe humblestworkerhereceivesinaudience.Sohecouldclaimthathehas anabsolutelyequalloveforallmen. Thisenableshimtoremain"perfectly impartial"inthepresentwar.IncidentallyIdon'trememberthePope beingflatteredbyCapitalists,butIdo

5548

rememberPiusXIcomplainingthat certaininterestshadpreventedoneof hissocialencyclicalsfrombeingreadin partsofItaly.

gladMr.Tindalldoesn'twantnme tosendhim"ahugesum.'Likehim, Ihavemypride.Iagreethatworkis alawoflifefromwhichnoneshould beexempted,ButIdonotobjectto amanacquiringwealthbyinheritance, discovery,etc.,providedhestillworks.

Mr.Tindall'snextparagraphdeals withtheChurch's"centuriesoffailure," andaskswhyShedoesnotcondemn usury.Inthefirstplace,Shedoes condemnusuryintheoldsensein whichitwasforbiddentochargeinterestonfungiblegoodsandinthemodernsenseofexcessiveinterest.And inthesecondplace,iftheChurchhas failedforcenturies,howdoesoneexplainHersurvivalandgrowth,andthe positionSheholdsintheworldto-day?

Mr.Tindallprobablyrefersmerelyto herfailuretoendorseSocialisation. TheinvestmentsoftheChurchofEnglandoroftheCatholicChurcharequite legalandmoral,andnoapologyis offeredforthem.Mr.Tindallhasa monomaniauponthissubjectof"land rent,'butheoffersnocogentreasons. Hischargeof"crawlingtorichexploiters"isjustabusive.Idonot wonderathis"scornfulwonder"mergingintoinsult.Itisthepsychology ofprejudice,

NapoleonandhisviewsIamcontent topassoverwithoutcomment.But IwouldremindMr.Tindallthatthe chargeofreligionbeingusedasan "opiateforthepeople"isjustanother Communisticsloganwhichtakessome explaininginthelightofIrishand Spanishhistory.Quiterecentlythe Spaniardswereverylivelyindeedfor adrug-drenchedpeople-muchtoMr. Tindall'sdisgustandtotheconsternationoftheReds,whoapparentlyreally believedthatSpainwasunderthespell ofthepoppy.

Mr.Tindallclaimsthat"allmen"are aftereasymoney,butespeciallyBishops.So,despitehisearlierprotestationsofdisinterestedness,ImustbelievethatMr.TindallandhisRationalistandRedfriendsareincludedin"all

Looking

DR.ISAACSTEINBERG'S DEPARTURE

COMMENTON CORRESPONDENCE

men." Sothatifmoneysingshymns andsay,prayers,itmayalsoshoutblasphemyandunbelief,andpreachprole- tarianism.Mr.Tindallismerelyrant-, ingintheseparagraphs.Yetearlier inhisletterhewaspleadingforanintellectualapproach,etc,Ifusuryon interestisthematerialismoftheologiansandatheists,bywhatname shallwecalltheFrankensteinMr. Tindallwouldcreatetocontrolhissocialisationofland?Idohopethat thebishopsandbankerswillderive someprofit(inthespiritualsense)from Mr.Tindall'sdiscourseonmorals.The purityofRationalistsandFreethinkers issocompelling,especiallyasthey haven'tasinglereasonforbeingmoral. (Morenextweek.)

NUNSMODIFYDRESS

Clothesrationing,laundryrestrictions,gasmasks,hurrieddressingduringnightraids,andthecomplications ofevacuation,areamongthereasons giveninaNewZealandCatholicpaper, "Zealandia,"whynunsarealteringthe dressofmanyyearstomeetpresent warconditions.

Scarcityoflinenandstarcharemakingguimpessmallerandcoifssimpler. Insomecommunitieswimplesarea thingofthepast.Serge,too,isdifficulttoobtainandvoluminoussleeves. excessivepleatsandtrainsaregiving waytoaneater,moreconvenient style,moreorlessonthelinesofthat oftheMedicalMissionariesofMary.

Thesechangesmostlyconcernthe activecongregations.Contemplative nunsarelittleaffectedandtheactive communitiesareretaining,asfaras possible,theiroldhabitinsidetheconventsandwearingthenewausterity habitoutdoorsonly.

Theideaofamoresimpleformof outdoordressfornunswasfirstadopted bytheLadiesoftheGrail,whooutsidetheirconventsdressaswomenof modernbutsimpletaste.

Theausteritychangesinreligious dressinNewZealandarelikelyto continueafterthewar.-"Universe."

Amidthewelterofproductionforthe wareffort,wearenotlosingsightof theaftermath.WhenPLAISTOWE CHOCOLATESandCONFECTIONS areagainavailabletoyoutheywill bringfurtherfametoanalready famousname.

LATE"CARRY"PRENDIVILLE

WeregrettoannouncethedeathrecentlyofPrivateGarryPrendiville, whowas"shotatpoint-blankrangein anassaultonanenemypositioninNewGuinea."Garrywasthe sonofMr.PeterPrendivilleandthe lateMrs.Prendiville,ofthePeninsula Hotel,Maylands,andanephewofHis GracetheArchbishop.

LeavingAquinasCollegein1939, GarrywasstudyingLawattheUniversitywhenheenlistedintheA.I.F. AtschoolhewasappointedPrefect, wasPresidentoftheSt.Vincentde PaulConference,PresidentoftheHoly NameSociety,andinterestedinall schoolactivities.Prominentmember the1st.XVIII,hewascaptainof the1939"Inters"athleticteam,and collegechampionathlete,playedin1st. XI,androwedinFirstFours.Garry hadacharmingdisposition,andwhen atcollegenonewboy,nomatterhow small,waseverallowedtofeelshyon makinghisentrytoAquinas.Ahost offriendswillagreewiththetribute ofhiscommandingofficerinaletter toMr.Prendiville:

"Hisdeathhasbeenagreatdisappointmenttome.Ihopethatdoesn't soundtrivialtoyou,buthewasa well-educated,clear-thinkingboy,who wassettlingdowntogoodsolidwork withateam.Hewouldnodoubt havecometobeagoodofficer."RTP.

THEPURPOSEOFTHE "CHARITIES."

CharitiesConsultationsinthisState dowhatsweepsandtotalisatortaxdo inotherStates-theyhelptofinance hospitalsandcharities.Ticketsare sonsaleintheNo.153aCharitiesConsultation.Thefirstprizeis£1,000.

MARRIAGE.

BeforeHighMass

-anInterlude

Attheentranceofourchapelasmall Americanflagcallsonworshippersto remembertheboysinthearmedforces. Tumbledintotwocompartmentsofa woodenboxundertheflagarehundredsofnames-brothersandfriends ofstudentsandfaculty,husbandsor sunsofalumnae-andunderthenames suchmeagerinformationas"Overseas" or"SomewhereinthePacific,"

ThismorningIstoppedonmyway toHighMass.Ihadprayedharder thanusualfor"JohnReilly,Overseas," whosenamed,haddrawnonmyway toPrimethreehoursearlier,anddecidedIcouldstartprayingforsomeoneelse.ImpartiallyIchose.With oneeye(andahand)ontheribbons markingto-day'sMassinmyMissal, andbothearslisteningforthehymn thechoirsingsbeforeMass,Iglanced casuallyatthename:"John13ruer, PrisoneroftheJaps."SomehowIforgotaboutthehymn,stoppedtoying withtheribbonsandwasbackatSaint Patrick'seightyearsago,teachinghistorytoangelicgirlsandcarefreeboys.

Smartheelsclickedaheadofme intochapelastheresidentstudents, cappedandgowned,tooktheirplaces inthefrontpews.Iknelt,reached forthe"Kyriale"andfoundMassXI.

Fathercamedontheaisle,greencope swayingregallyashewalked,thechoir singingthe"Asperges."DimlyIheard myownvoice:"Aspergesme,Domine, hyssopo,etmundabor.-ClearlyI heardmyownthoughts:Prisonerof theJaps! thatbig,overgrownboy. Hehadthemostcompletelydisarmingsmile.Inevercouldstaymad athim.Iwouldmeantoscoldhim forhandinghismapinlateorfornot knowingthedetailsofMetternich'spoliticalchicaneryorforbeingignorantof thefateofParma,TuscanyandModena.Itwasnotthatheeverconvincedmethathehadagoodexcuse. Itwasjustthatthatbig,genialboyishgrinplayedslowlyoverhisfaceas hebegantodrawl,"Yousee,Sister,it's likethis...."

Hewasagoodkid-is--Icorrected myself.Afterall,beingaprisonerof theJapsmeanthewillstillalive,I hoped,althoughthefirstmessagehad beenthathewasamongtheofficially missing,andtherehadbeenRequiems andmourning.Wherewasheprisoner? Withwhom?Whenhadheheard Masslast?Washerememberingthat thisisSunday-ifitisSundaywhere heis-andwasheperhapsdreaming oftheinnumerabletimeshewent gravelyaboutthealtarservingMass?

AlldayIhavebeenthinkingof John,blue-eyed,candidclean,boyish. IcannotimaginetheJapsbeingmad athimforlong,either.Thatslow, engagingsmile!Godblesshim.He didn'tcareaboutMetternich!-"America."

DUELINTHE DESERT

Christv.Satan

Somemileswest Jerichu,rugged andcraggy,risesMountQuarantal,the hilloftheforty-daysfast.Therein thebleakwilderness,traditiontellsus, afterJesushadkeptthelongvigil whichwecommemorateinourownobservanceofLent,HemetandvanquishedSatan(SaintMatthew,iv.,111).

TheDevilwasanxious.AtthebaptismintheJordan,aheavenlyvoice hadhailedthisManas"belovedson." WasHeanothertorch-tonguedBaptist cometopreachpenance% CouldHe bethelong-desiredMessiah?Satan burnedtodiscovertheNewcomer's identity,andhopedtoentrapHimat thethresholdofHisministry.

Theduelwhichfollowedisastudy forusinthepsychologyoftemptation andanexampletous,asSaintAugustinepointsout.Wilytacticianthat heis,Satanattackstheweaknessin hisvictim'sdefences.

TheManishungry.Perhapsthe needandprospectoffoodwillcause HimtodistrustGod'sProvidence. "Commandthatthesestonesbemade bread."ButChristreplies:"Notby breadaloneslothmanlive."

Rebuffed,Satanreformshisforces. Evidentlythisperiodinthedeesrtwas apreludetosomeenterprise,andmaybeChristwouldbedazzledattheprospectofbeginningitspectacularly,in afashionwhichwoulddrawalleyes toHim.InthefirsttemptationHe hadreliedcompletelyonGod'sProvidence,perhapsHecanbeinduced toexaggeratethatconfidenceintopresumption.

FromthepinnacleoftheTemple SatanadvisesChristtocastHimself down.Thinkofthestiritwould cause,thepublicity.thefame.Again camethecalm.scripturalanswer: "ThoushaltnottempttheLordthy God."

ButSatanisatenaciousandshrewd strategist.Thegross.sensualappeal offooddidnotaffectthisMan:the promiseofswiftnotorietydidnot

LECTURESON

AiSie

CentralCatholicLibrary EVERYWEDNESDAYEVENING AT8p.m.

LastWednesdayevening,attheCentralCatholicLibrary,Pier-street, FatherAlbertLynchcontinuedhis seriesoftalkson"ListeningtoMusic," Hissubjectwastheviolinsoftheorchestra.Heillustratedhistalkwith thefollowingrecordings:Movements fromtheSonatasofCaesarFranck, Faure,andElgar,playedbyThibaud, Heifetz,andSalmons.Movements fromtheViolinConcertosbyBrahms andProkofieff,playedbyKrieslerand Seigetti.AmovementoftheHolberg SuitebyGrieg;"ItisConsummated," byBach,andtheChristeEleisonfrom theBMinorMassbyBach.

Nextweek'slecturewillcontinue withtheorchestra.andagaintheviolinsandtheviolainparticular.Variousrecordedworksexemplifyingthe lecturer'spointswillbeplayed.

cloudHismind.Still,thelustof avaricemightinflameHiswill.

SatanandChristlookon.theworld fromahighmountain.Belowthem isglitteringRomewithherchoked coffers,restlesstriremes,ruthlesslegions;Greece,withherthinkersand artists;Jerusalem,bathedinSolomon's glory.Itwasapicturewhichmight wellconfuseavillagecarpenter,for suchwasChristinthebeliefofSatan. since,SatanwasignorantofChrist's Divinity.

"AllthiswillIgiveyou,"promises theFatherofLies,butthepriceis devil-worship."Begone,Satan."The duelisover.HeWhoislikeusinall things,sinexcepted,hasenduredtemptationsandhasshownushowtoconductourselvesinthefaceofSatanic assault.ThreetimesdidHereject theproposalsoftheevilone:three timesdidHespeakinthesacred wordsofHolyScripture;threetimes didHeturntoGod,HisFather.There onthatgaunthillChrist,atthebeginningofHispubliclife,defeatedSatan, AttheendofHisPubliclife,onanotherhaggardhill,Hewouldbreak Satan'spowerfinallyandforever."America."

CE SleepingJags

LANIGAN-HASTIE.-OnMarch13, atSt.PatricksChurch,Bunbury, withNuptialMass,byRightRev. MonsignorHayes,RobertPatrick (Sgt.R.A.A.F.),eldestsonofMr.and Mrs.JamesLanigan,ofOldCourt, Inistioque,Co,Kilkenny,Ireland,to TheresaChristina(Tres),youngest daughterofMr.andMrs.Thomas Hastie,ofBunbury.

WANTED.

Housekeeper(over45),foraSuburbanPresbytery;nolaundry:wages, 3.5s Applyto'2622,"c/othisoffice. sRefinedelderlylady,wantstwoUnfurnishedRooms,onefrontwithfireplace;Catholichome:nearchurch: goodlocality:permanent.Apply 5.,"thisoffice.

THANES.

IwishtoTHANKRev.Motherand SistersoftheLittleSistersofthePoor, Glendalough,fortheirgreatkindness duringmystaywiththem.-Patrick Mulrihif.

CENTRALCATHOLICLIBRARY

36PIERSTREET,PERTH. SUBSCRIPTIONRATES.

Metropolitan.

12Months:Onebook,10s;twobooks 12s6d;threebooks,fl:fourbooks,El 7s.6d.

Country.

12Months:Threebooks,£115s.;four books,£25s.:fivebooks,£210s. Wepayfreightonbookstothesub scriber.

ALEXRODOREDA

TurfCommissionAgent

802HAYSTREET.

AGENTFORWACHARITIES

RingB5841andB5236.

Snuglycomfortableandwarmsleepingbags.

KhakiServiceColouredCoveringfilledwith 100percentPureMerinoWool.These areusedbymembersoftheServicesduring thecoldmonths,andgivethathappytouch ofHomeComfort.

Catholic

..girls'Vovernent

*HEADQUARTERSANDCLUB-ROOMS: BankofN.S.W.Chambers,65St.George'sTerrace (nearSherwoodCourt)-Rooms:7-10FirstFloor

CALENDARofACTIVITIES

MAY

Saturday,1:CARDEVENINGINCLUBROOMS

Monday,3:Shorthand,5-6.30p.m.Room9. Homecrafts,8p.m.Room7 E.S.C.,8p.m.Room9.

Tuesday,4:Shorthand,5-6.30p.m.Room9 DANCE,CECILBUILDINGS. CATHOLICNURSES'GJILDSOCIAL

Wednesday,5:Dressmaking.6-9.30p.m.Rooms7-.9.

Thursday,6:EXPOSITIONALLDAY.BENEDICTION,5.45pm.. Choir,8p.m.Room9.

Friday,7:Shorthand,5-6.30p.m.Room9.

OrchestraandDanceBand,8p.m.Room9.

Sunday,9:PICNICTOARMADALE.

Monday,10:Shorthand,5-6.30p.m.Room9 Homecrafts,8p.m.Room7. E.S.C.,8p.m.Room9.

Tuesday,11:Shorthand,5-6.30p.m.Room9.

Dramatics,8p.m,Room9. DANCE,CECILBUILDINGS.

Wednesday12:Dressmaking,6-9.30p.m.Rooms7-9.

Thursday,13:EXPOSITIONALLDAY.BENEDICTION,5.45p.m. Choir,8p.m.Room9.

Friday,14:Shorthand,5.-6.30p.m.Room9.

OrchestraandDanceBand,8p.m.Room9.

Saturday.15:CuriaMeeting,8p.m.Room7.

CATHOLICNURSES' dot

SOCIALEVENING

SolomonsOrdeal

*MaristPriestsandBrothers Manacled,SentencedtoDeath ESCAPEFROMJAPS

WhileAmelicanFlyingFortressesandfighterplanesroaredover- head,threeAustralianMaristBrothersandtwoFrenchpriestsof thesameOrder,layontheflooroftheirmissionstationatMarau, intheSouthernSolomons,boundandmanacledbytheJapanese,and undersentenceofdeath.

TheyweretheRev.FathersJohnGoicaud.S.M.,andVanMechelin, SA.,andtheRev.BrothersErvan,JamesandEphrem.

Thestoryoftheiramazingadventureswastoldtoa"CatholicWeek!y"reporterbytwooftheBrothers,whoarenowsafeinAustralia andontheteachingyaitffofSt.Joseph'sCollege.Hunter'sHill.

ThestorybeginsonAugust5oflast year,whentwobigsampansusedas Japanesepatrolboats,enteredMarau Soundnearthemission,andsenta partyofmarines,undertwoofficers, ashore.

Theofficerswereverypolite.Theybowedseveraltimesandthroughan interpretertheyassuredthemissionariesthateverythingwouldbeallright.

Thedistrict,saidtheinterpreter,was undermartiallaw,andtheyhadcome foranyradiosets,weapons,gunsor ammunition,

SampansBombed.

Theirsearchrevealednothingof militaryimportance,buttheireyes sparkledastheysurveyedthepotentialloot.

Theystolewatches,clocks,shoes, shirts,razors,towels;infact,everythingtheyfancied.

ForafewhourstheJapaneseleft themissionalone,buttheywereobviouslyworriedbytheAmericanbomberspassingoverhead.

Lateintheafternoonabomber sightedtheJapanesesampans.

Breakingawayfromaformation,it divedlow,releasedtwobombs,anddestroyedthesampans.

Orchestra

REHEARSALSforthenextconcert willcommenceonFRIDAY,APRIL30, andeveryfollowingFridayat8p.m. onwards,inRoom9,oftheClub Rooms.AstheproceedswillbedevotedtoRedCrossfunds,everymem- bermustmakeaspecialefforttoattendtherehearsalsregularlyandpunc- tually,asthestandardreachedwith theseitemsinthepastdemandsour everyeffortforkeepingfaithwithour audiences.Anynewmemberfor eithergroupkindlyreportattheabove mentionedtimeandplace.

MARIANARTSGUILD

PICNICTOARMADALE.

TheMarianArtsGuildhasaspecial announcementtomake:Therewillbe apicnichiketoArmadaleonSunday, May9.ThisexcursionisnotrestrictedtomembersoftheGuildonly;all thegirlsintheMovementareinvited toattend.Therewillbeanoticepost- edontheboardintheClubRoomsgivingfurtherparticulars.

Don'tforgetthemonthlymeetingof theGuild,whichwillbeheldasusual inRoom9,ClubRooms,onFriday, May14.

ShorthandClasses

HastheChiefbeensayingthings aboutthequalityofyourshorthand? Ordoyouthinkthere'sadangerthat hemight?Ifso,it'stimeyoutook arefreshercourse,andtheC.G.M. classeswillprovidethat.Justcome straightdownafterworkonclass nights,andinafewweeksyou'llfind You'veimprovedoutofsight.Classes areheldfrom5to6.30p.m.:Monday, theory;Tuesday,speed;Friday,theory andspeed.

Wecordiallyinviteyoutoourthird monthlyentertainmentonMay4,at8 p.m.,intheCatholicGirls'Movement Rooms,St.George'sTerrace.Bridge fortheseriousandentertainmentfor thefrivolouswillbethekeynoteofthe evening.AreyourCatholicnursing friendsinterestedinBridge?Ifso, askthemalong-andbooktablesby ringingM.Howard,secretary,MU1433. Goodprizesandsupperwillbeprovided.

llornecrafts

"Oh,Idon'tthinkwe'lldothat;we'll getenoughofitwhenwe'remarried Thegirlwhosaidthathadthewrong ideaaboutHomecraftsaltogether,It's notsomethingdeadlydulllikesweeping andwashingdishes.It'sfascinating, andwhenyoujoininacrowdofgirls it'slotsoffun.Whynotcometothe groupmeetingonMondaynightat8 p.m.,andyou'llseehowveryinterestingitreallyis.Ifyoucanbringany patches,piecesoffelt,scrapsofwool, oranyotherusefulthing,pleasedo,, andwe'llhelpyouturnitintosomethingusefulandornamental,and whichwillmakeyouwonderwhyyou didn'ttryyourhandatHomecrafts before.

Girlsseekinginformationaboutthe C.G.M.shouldringtheSecretary (B2546),oriftheycallinattheClub Roomsduringlunchhourorofaneveningduringtheweek,oneoftheleaders willbetheretoreceivethemandexplainconditionsofmembership,etc., tothem.

Sendalongthoseattractivestory booksthatyouhavenowdiscarded.

TheJuvenileSectionoftheCentralCa tholicLibrarywillappreciatethem,

TheJapanesewerefurious.They rushedtothemissionhouse,andaccusedthepriestsandbrothersofsendingwordtotheAmericansbyradio ofthepresenceofthesampans.

SentenceofDeath,

Theydemandedthattheradiobe surrendered,but,ofcourse,therewas noneatthesettlement.

Theseniorofficer,emphasisinghis wordsbywavinghissword,ordered everyoneatthemissiontobeputto death,

Priestsandbrothersweretiedupand thrownonthefloor.

"Ithoughtmylasthourhadcome," saidFatherCoicaud."Ijustclosed myeyesandcommendedmysoulto God."

Forthreehoursthemissionarieslay huddledtogetheronthefloorwaiting fortheexecutionordertobeputinto effect.

At9p.m.,however,theywereplaced onparoleandadvisednottoleavetheir house.

Dayspasseduneventfully.TheJapanesecampedclosetothemission,and eachdayfromtheirhidingwatchedthe Alliedbombersflyingnorth.

Japanese"Money."

Lackingmeansoftransport,theJapanesesoonfoundtheirfoodsupplies dwindling.

Theyapproachedthemission,and demandedfood,fruitandmeat,which wereforthcoming.Theinvaderspromisedtopayinpapermoney

Indicatingforesightandcarefulplan: ning,theJapanesehadwiththem plentyofJapanesecoins.

Theydiscardedthepapermoney, whichtheyfoundwasquicklydestroyedbyinsects,andthatthenativeswere morepartialtocoins,whichinthis case,weremadeofaluminium.

OnemorningtheJapanesedisappeared.

Wordapparentlyhadcomethrough tostrengthentheirforcesinanother partoftheisland,andtheyjoined1,000 others.

ButtheAmericanswerewaiting,and thedespoilersoftheMaraumissionfield wereamongthosewipedout.

TheBrothersresumedtheirteaching atMarau,andalthoughtheysawno moreoftheJapanese,theyhadplenty ofevidencethatthewarwasstillbeing wagedfiercely, Aerialdogfightsnearthemission werenotuncommon,andonthreeoccasionstheBrothershelpedtorescue Americanflyers.

Onemanwhocrashedintothesea wasawarcorrespondent.

AstheBrothershelpedhimoutof thewaterhisfirstthoughtwasto searchhispocketsforhis"copy."

Draggingitoutinpiecesheremarked,"Bowthatstorycertainlyiswet."

AmericanThanked.

Askedaboutthenativereactionto theJapaneseinvasion,theBrothers saidthenativeswerewillingtotake thealuminiummoneywhichtheJaps distributed,buttheywerenotpreparedtodomuchinreturn.

Thepriestsandthebrothersarevery appreciativeoftheassistancetheyreceivedfromtheAmericans.

Ontheshipsthatbroughtthemto safety,theyhadbeentreatedwith vcrwhelmingkindness.

PROPERTYMANAGEMENT

Over30years'experienceinpropertymanagementandrentcollectionenableusto offeryouexpertserviceinthisdirection. Wealsohaveextensivelistsofprivate homesavailableforpurchaseinallsuburbs.

Reasonabletermsarrangedifrequired. Wecanofferyouspecialisedserviceinall branchesofRealEstate.

.. qeneratInterest

_ -GoodandBad

LItisBadNews

1.MarkHannausedtosay, "Whenadogbitesaman Itisnotnews, butwhenaman bitesadog, Itisnews.

2.Thefactthataman hasbittenadog isnotgoodnews. Itisbadnews.

II.GoodJournalism

1.Totelleverybody thatamandied leavingtwomilliondollars maybejournalism, butitisnot goodjournalism.

2.Totelleverybody thatthemandied leavingtwomilliondollars becausehedidnotknow howtotakethemwith himbygivingthemto thepoorforChrist'ssake w duringhislifetime isgoodjournalism.

3.Goodjournalism istogivethenews andtherightcomment onthenews.

4.Thevalueofjournalism isthevalueofthe

NIII.PublicOpinion.

1.Tobeagoodjournalist istosayinterestingthings aboutinterestingnews orinterestingpeople.

2.Thenewsoftheoccasion istheoccasion forthegoodjournalist toconveyhisthinking tounthinkingpeople.

3.Nothingcanbedone withoutpublicopinion andtheopinion ofthinkingpeople whoknowhow toconveytheirthinking tounthinkingpeople.

IV,RecordedThinking.

1.Adiaryisajournal inwhichathinkingman recordshisthinking.

2.The"JournalIntime," ofFrederikAmiel, istherecord ofthethinking ofFrederikAmiel.

3.Thethinkingjournalist impartshisthinking throughanewspaper byrelatinghisthinking tothenewsoftheday.

4.Byrelatinghisthinking tothenewsoftheday, thethinkingjournalist gb affectspublicopinion.

V.MakerofHistory.

1.Byaffectingpublicopinion thethinkingjournalist isacreativeagent inthemakingofnews thatis"fittoprint."

2Thethinkingjournalist isnotsatisfied tobejustarecorder ofmodernhistory.

3.Thethinkingjournalist aimstobeamaker ofthatkindofhistory thatisworthrecording.

IliVI.ProstitutionofthePress.

1.Modernnewspapermen triedtogivepeople whattheywant.

C.VV.O.Fremantle

Averyinterestingfunctiontook placeinSt.Patrick'sHall,Fremantle, onSundaynightlast.Itisnowthirteenmonthssincethehallwasopened asaC.W.O.CanteenfortheServicemen,andtheymarkedtheoccasionby presentingtheladiesoftheC.W.O. Auxiliarywithalargeframedparchmentsignedbysixhundredmembers 1 theForces.Thecentrepiecewas agroupphotographoftheladies,and underneathanappropriatepoemextollingthe"WomenBehindtheLines." Navalmen,soldiersandAirForcemen paidtributeinmuchapplaudedspeechestothewonderfulworkbeingdone fortheirentertainment.Alargebirthdaycakeoccupiedaplaceofhonour onthelounge,andwasenjoyedduring supper.Itisbecomingquiteaproblemtolookaftertheoverflowing numberscomingtothedances.This canteeniscertainlyamostpopular one.

Theladiesrichlydeservedallthe praisetheygot.EverySundayalone

ThankstothechristianBrothers(two betweenmorning,afternoonandevening,oversixhundredmealsareserved. Recentlytennisfacilitieswereaddedto themanygamesattractions.Racquets, tennisballs,shorts,singletsandshoes areprovidedforplayersfree.Thanks totheChristianBrothers(twograss courts)andtotheShanahanfamily(a hardcourt),everyonehasaset.Showersandhandbasinshavealsobeeninstalledrecently,andaremuchappreciated.

MajorDelvesandCaptainSweeney werepresentatthefunctiononSun dayeveningandweremuchimpressed.

Thiscanteenisprobablytheonly oneintheCommonwealthproviding somuchandyetnotchargingapenny foranything.Notevenavoluntary offeringisacceptedfromthemenin uniform.TheCatholicsofW.A.should beproudofthiscanteen.Theyhave everyreasontobe.

TheFremantleladies(St.Patrick's Parish)predominateinthecommittee, butagroupofladiesfromCottesloe assist;MosmanParkE.D.M.sendsa regularcoterieofyoungladiesonthe dancenights, TheUnitedStates,DutchandRoyal AustralianNavymensentflowersfor thedecorationofthealtarinSt.Patrick'sforHolyThursdayandEaster Sunday.Itwasapicture.Itwas mostedifyingtoseethelargenumberofNavyboysapproachingthealtar railsonEasterSundaymorning.Father Breslin,O.M.I.,theirChaplain,congratulatedthemafterMass.Heagain distributednamesandaddressesof goodCatholicfamilieswhohadexpress. edawishtoentertainNavalpersonnel andexhortedthementobefaithfulto theirdailyprayers.

2.Newspapermen oughttogivepeople whattheyneed.

3.Togivepeople whattheywant butshouldnothave istopander.

4.Togivepeople whattheyneed orinotherterms tomakethemwant whattheyoughttowant istofoster.

5.Topander tothebadinmen istomakemen inhumantomen,

6.Tofosterthegoodinmen istomakemen humantomen.

Meetings.

OnaccountofMondaybeingapubholiday,theexecutivehasdecided topostponeitsmonthlymeetincuntil furthernotice.

Conference.

TheannualConferencewillbeginat 9.45a.m.onMay4.ThemorningsessionwillbeheldintheLeagueRooms, andtheafternoonsession,whichwill beginat2.45p.m.,willtakeplacein theCathedralHall.Murray-street.It ishopedthatallmemberswillendeavourtoattend.Aspecialinvitationtobepresentisextendedtodelegatesfromcountrybranches.

'GeneralCommunion.

Sunday,May9,isthedayappointedfortheannualGeneralCommunion. Onaccountoftransportdifficulties,it hasbeendecidedthatmembersofthe lifferentbrancheswillreceiveCommunionintheirrespectiveparishchurches.

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

ThemonthlymeetingoftheCathedralBranchofthecatholicWomen's LeaguewillbeheldonMondaynext, May3,intheChurchOffices.atRp.m.

BridlgeParty

ABridgeEveningfortheCarmelite SisterswillbeheldonThursdayevening,May13,attheStirlingSocial Rooms,cornerHayandMilliganSts., Perth.Forreservedtablespleasering MissChesson,A.M.P.B9106.ofMrs. McGann,21Roy-street.Mt.Lawley, B6932.

TheAnnualGeneralCommunionof theSocietywilltakeplaceatSt.Mary's CathedralonSunday,May2,atthe8 o'clockMass.MembersoftheSocietywillassembleattheChapterHall, VictoriaSquare,at7.45a.m.

Aspecialtrolley-buswillleavefrom theFireStation,Claremont,at7a.m.

TheCommunionBreakfastwillbe heldattheStirlingSocialRooms,cornerMilliganandHayStreets.

onThursday,April15,theNewman Societyhelditsmonthlymeeting, whichwaswellattended.Thespeaker fortheeveningwasMr.Heffey,ofMelbourne.

Inhisaddress,Mr.'Heffeypointed outthattheChurchisalwaysina stateofcrisis.Intheearlydaysof Christianitytherewereheresies;later theReformation;duringtheFrench RevolutionthePopewasimprisoned: andatthepresenttimethereisnoCatholicdoctrinebeyonddiscussion, whilethereisanunspokencontempt forChristianityasanoutlawedsuperstition.ForthisreasonCatholicstodaymustadoptvigorousmilitantCatholicism.ACatholicmustbeaCatholiceveryday-notonlyonSundays. AsCatholicswemustbepreparedto refutefalseidealsandtodefendour Faithagainstattackers.

Mr.Heffeythenoutlinedthesteps takeninMelbournetoimpressonthe laitythenecessityformilitantCatholicism.ThefirststepwastheCampion Society-formedforinformaldiscussionofvitalproblems-andoutofthis sprangtheCatholicEvidenceGuild. theAssisianGuild,andthe"Catholic Worker"paper.Inconclusion,Mr. Heffeysaidourmottomustbe:"Nota studentwhoisaCatholic,butaCatholicstudent."

SocialJusticeorSocialism?

Itissignificantthatresponsiblepeopleinthecommunitydo notpermittheirpre-occupationovereventsintheMediterranean totallytoobscurethevisionofpost-warAustralia.Ourfuture societywillbedecidedbetweenthealternativeofSocialismand SocialJustice.EverypresentindicationpointstowardsSocialism,andfewbusinessmen,apparently,haverealisedourpresent economicorpoliticaltrends,elsetherewouldbeaseriousoutcry amongthatsectionofthecommunitywhosevoicesgenerally carrytheday.Regardedpurelyfromthestandpointof"Business,"SocialJusticewouldbeabetterbetthanSocialism.We havealreadyhadanexampleofthisintheChildEndowment!egislation,wherethevoluntaryinstitutionofthelivingwageprinciple wouldhavecostindustryandthenationatlargelessthanthecompulsorypay-rolltaxnowinforce.UtterancesonthepartofFederalMinistersaredailyincreasingwiththethreatorpromiseof furthersocialservicestocoverhousing.unemployment,health, etc.Suchapolicyis,ofcourse,byfartheeasiestformenwho havenorealpoliticalphilosophy,whoseoneimmediatedesireis toputasideindustrialunrestwhichimpedesthewareffort.and whosepost-warvisionislimitedtoavoidingchaos.

Nonetheless,alltheseproposalsaremovementstowardsSocialismorStateCapitalism(forbetweenthesetwothedifferences aremerelytechnical,whiletheirsocialeffectswillbeidentical). NowtheattainmentofSocialJusticewillalmostcertainlydemand aconsiderablemeasureofsocialisation,andthispossibilitywasforeseeninthePapalEncyclicalswhichadvocatesomeformofpublic controlofcreditandalsothesupervisionatleastbytheStateof thoseindustrieswhichareofsuchnationalmomentthatcannot besafelylefttothecapriceofprivateindividuals.SuchindustriesinAustraliawouldseemtobetheheavysteelindustries.coal andalliedtrades.InadditionitmightbenecessaryfortheGovernmentafterthewartoassumestrigentcontrolofotherinterests forthecommongood,andprovidedthesemeasureswereurgently necessaryandadequatesafeguardstakentoensuretheirtemporary character,Catholicswouldprobablyraisenoobjectiononthe scoreofjustice.ButthepresentoutlookoftheFederalGovernmentistowardssocialisingthosethingsforwhichtheworker couldandwouldmakesuitableprovisionwerehepaidajustfamilywage.ChildEndowmentwasdelayedforyearsbythebogey (sharedbyLabouralso)thatindustrycouldnotaffordtopay. Thathasbeenbrokendownbytheinstitutionofthepay-rolltax. Similarlyasubstantialincreaseinthebasicxvagewouldenable workerstocontributetoavoluntaryschemeofco-operativeunemploymentinsuranceandmakeadequateprovisionforpurchasingahomeandsilegitardingthehealthofthefamily.

TheFederalGovernmentisdefinitelystartingsocialisationat thewrongend.Thoseverymatterswhichshouldberegarded aspersonalaffairsarrangedco-operativelyonthevoluntarybasis arebeingmadecompulsoryonanationalbasis.Andthroughsuch apolicythedragonteethoffuturediscordwillbesown,notablya clash(alreadyapparent)betweentherightsoftheFederaland theStateGovernments.Ontheotherhand,theFederalGovernmentiscompletelyignoringandleavingtobesettled.asprivately asbeforethevitalissueofthecontrolofcredit,andtheconditions ofthosehugeindustrieswhicharethesourceofalltheindustrial strife.AsimilarstateofaffairsexistsintheUnitedStates,and ourGovernmentoughttobewillingtolearnhowgravethesematterscanbewhenlefttodriftintoachroniccondition.SocialJusticehastwoaspects-thenationalandthepersonal.Thenational aspectofSocialJusticewillbelargelyachievedwhentheGovernmentacceptsthenarrow,well-definedsocialisationindicatedby thePopes,andwhen.moreover.itcompelsemployerstomeettheir obligationbypayingajustfamilywage.Presentindicationsare thattheGovernmentisconspiringwithbigbusinesstodefeatthe endsofjusticebytheprovisionofsocialcharityattheexpenseof all.Thisfataltendencyhasbeenencouragedbythatserviledependenceongovernmentandthatunwillingnesstotaketheinitiativeandacceptresponsibilitywhichissomarkedafeatureofthe Australiancharacter.Butitmusthebrokendownbytheencouragementofalltypesofco-operativeactionwhichhaveproved sosuccessfulinotherpartsoftheworld,andwhichindeedprovide theonlyalternativetoaghastlysystemofthecompulsorynational "services"whichissueintheservilestate.

...ANZACDAYCOMMEMORATION' HisGracetheArchbishopAttends, FatherVavvcrey'sSermon--

AnzacDay,fallingonEasterSundaythisyear,precludedthepossi. bilityofhavin;theusualSolemnRequiemintheCathedral.In. stead,thedaywascommemoratedbyspecialeveningdevotionsat 7.36p.m.,atwhichHisGracethe.Archbishopwaspresent.Repre- sentativesofStateandFederalGovernments,andofthevari3us branchesoftheAustralianandAlliedFightingForcesattended. R.A.A.F.personnelparadedfortheoccasion.TheCathedralBoys' Choir,underthedirectionofRev.A.Lynch,tenderedsuitablemusic byPalestiina,PragliaandDr.C.Edgar-Ford.Alargecongregation heardRev,C.Vawdrey,O.F.M.,Chaplain,RA.A.F.,preachthe followingoccasionalsermon "TheSonofManmustneedssuffer andsoenterintoHisglory."

Forthepastfewdays,mydear brethren,theChurchofGodhasbeen shroudedinaveilofsorrow.During theweekthathasjustended-Holy Week-Shehasrecalledtoherchildren thePassionandDeathofherDivine Spt.useOnebyone,allthescenes ofthattragicdramawhichreachedits climaxonCalvaryhavepassedbefore herweepingeyes.

When,intheshadowsofGethsemane, Christlayprostrate,crushedtoearth bytheweightofhumanguilt,thousandsoflovingsoulswerethere,kneelingbesideHiminspirit.Theyheard thewhistlingofthescourgeswhich rippedandtoreHisSacredFlesh. theyshrankwithhorrorasthethorns weredrivenintothatSacredBrow.

Kneelinginspiritwithintheshadow oftheCross,theChurch,duringthese daysofsorrow,expressedhersadness invividsymbols.Theimagesand picturesofeverychurchwereshroudedinsombrepurple;thebellswere silent;theflowersandcandlesbanishedfromheraltars.

ThissadnessfoundvoiceintheinspiredlamentationsofJeremias,and inthetouchingandexquisiteceremoniesofHolyWeek.

Now,suddenly,allhasbeenchanged.ThesadnessofHolyWeekhas givenplacetothetriumphantjoyof Easter.To-day.throughouttheCatholicworld,altarsareablazewith candlesandbrightwithflowers,the bellsto-Jayringouttheirsongofjoy andtriumph.ForChristhasrisen fromthedead.ThatsameChrist Who,onGoodFriday,diedthedeath ofamalefactor,to-daycameforth gloriousandradiantfromthetomb.

Thisstrikingcontrastofsunshine *andshadow,ofdeep,heartbrokensorsow,quietlyfollowedbyexultantjoy seems,atfirstbewildering.

Andyet,thisparadoxofgloryfrom sufferingisoftheveryessenceof Christianity.Inthisregard,the Churchreflectsthelifestoryofher DivineFounder.TheCrossofCalvaryflungitsdarkandgruesome shadowacrosstheentireearthlylife ofChrist.Butthatshadowwas thrownbythewarmglowofEaster, dawningbeyondtheCrossandCalvary.ForChristtheroadofglory wasHisViaDolorosa.AsHeHimse,.assuredthetwodisciplesonthe roadtoEmmaus,"TheSonofMan needsmustsufferandsoenterinto Hisglory."

ChristOurLordwasborntosuffer. WhenGodbecamemanandwalked ourearthinhumanform,Hecameas aSaviour-asonewithapricetopay. ThepricewasthatdemandedbyDivineJusticeforthesinsofhumanity. Fromitsverybeginning,thelifeof Christmovedunswervinglytothe AltarofSacrifice.

Thisfactwasmanifestevenonthe nightthatChristwasborn-thatnight whentheangels'chorussangtheirmessagetothewatchingshepherds.That messagewas,"Thisnightisbornto youaSaviour,"

HolySimeonperceivedthesame truthinpropheticvisionwhentheInfantJesuswaspresentedinthetemple.Hesawthattheverysightof thesufferingtocomewouldbreakthe heartofMary."Andthineownsoul aswordofsorrowshallpierce."

AllduringHispubliclife,thecomingPassionloomedconstantlybefore theinwardvisionofChrist,notas

somethingrepugnant,butassomething supremelydesired:Ihaveabaptism wherewithtobebaptisedandhowam Istraiteneduntilitbeaccomplished Untilthepriceofman'siniquitywas paid,theGod-ManveiledHisDivinity beneathHisHumanity.Onlyafter thedramaofCalvaryhadreachedits tragicclimaxdidtheSonofGodmade manpermitHisDivinitymomentarily toshineforth.OnEastermorning, Christcameforthfromtheempty tomb,Hisrisenbodyradiantand glorious.

InthelifestoryofChrist,thelink between.sufferingandglorywasintimateandnecessary."TheSonof Manmustneedssufferandsoenter intoHisglory."Thesameistrue ofthatotherlifeofChristwhichis projectedthroughtimeandspacein themembersofHismysticalBody. ForthefollowersofJesusofNazareth,theroadtogloryisthewayof theCross."Ifanymanwillcome1' afterme,lethimtakeuphiscrossand followme."

ThecrossofwhichOurLordhere speaksimpliesallthedifficulties,sorrowsanddisappointmentsofhuman existence.Thoseelementswhichare closelyinterwovenintothetextureof everyhumanlifeare,fortheChristian, aconstantinvitationtocarrythe CrosswithChrist.

Inamysteriousmanner,OurLord invitesustosharewithHimtheredemptionoftheworld.Soclearly didSt.PaulgraspthisamazingfactthathecriedoutinatransportofJoy andwonder:"Ifillupinmybody thosethingsthatarewantingtothe sufferingsofChrist."

AndasthetragedyofGoodFriday wasfollowedbythegloryandtriumphofEaster,sowillitbeforus. ThelessonofEasteristhis:Ifweacceptthesufferingsandtrialsoflife withresignationtoGod'sHolyWill andinunionwiththePassionofChrist, wewillrisewithourcrucifiedMaster wthegloryofaneternalEaster.

Withthistriumphantlessonof Eastervividlybeforeus,it_isappro- priate,mydearbrethren,thatwebe gatheredherethisevening.Itisfittingthatto-nightwearebeforethe AltarofGod,unitedinprayerfulmemoryofthoseyoungAustralianswho havefallenonthefieldofbattle.

ItisappropriatethatEasterSunday andAnzacDaycoincide,sinceitis onlywhenviewedagainstthebackgroundofChrist'sDeathandResurrection,thatthesacrificeofourcomradesinarmsfindsitsdeepestsignificance.

They,likeChrist,havetroddenthe ViaDolorosa.Thosewhogotowar andembraceitshardshipswithfirm faithinGodandwithloyaltyto ChristourcrucifiedKing,prolongthe PassionofChristintheirownbodies.

WithSt.Paul,theycansay,"Ifillup inmybodythosethingsthatarewantingtothesufferingsofChrist."

Rememberingthis,welookback alongtheyearsofwarthatlaybehind.

Weremembertheshatteredlives,the brokenheartsandmutilatedbodies. Wethinkwithespecialtendernessof thosegallantyoungAustralianswho to-nightaresleepingbeenaththesands oftheWesterndesert;ofthosewhose heart'sblooddrenchedtheslimeof Papuanjungles;wethinkofthose whometdeathintherapturousgreen labyrinthsofMalaya,orineveryfarflungbattlefront.Weremember thosecomradesinarmswhoarelan(ContinuedonPage9.)

LETTERS*TOkiltE

(Lettersshouldbeasbriefaspossibleand,evenwnereanom-de-plume isemployed,mustbearthewriter's nameandaddress,asatokenofbonafides.Nonoticewillbetakenof anonymouscorrespondence.)

BOYS'MOVEMENT.

Sir,-Anyfathershouldbeprepared tohelpinwhateverwayhecantoget someorganisationgoingforboys. "Juvenis"mentionedtheL.C.Y.,which I'mafraidIdon'tknowmuchabout, butIforonewouldbewillingtohelp organiseitwithhimandanyothers whoareinterested.-Yours,etc.,

FATHEROFTHREE EastPerth,18/4/.43

LECTURESONMUSIC.

Sir,-MayIexpress,throughyour columns,myappreciationofRev. FatherAlbertLynch'sgenerosityin presentingthegemsofhismusicallibrarytothepublicpermediumofa seriesoflectureswhichheisgiving eachWednesdayintheCentralCatholicLibrary?

Havingderivedbothpleasureand knowledgefromthesecharmingevenings,Icannotbutregretthattheluxuryofsorareatreatisnotenjoyed byagreaternumberoftheyounger generation.

Theexigenciesofwarmustnecessarilycurbourculturalintereststo someextent,butitwillbeatragic consequenceifyouthbecomesdepreciativeofthattreasuryofmusicbequeathedtousbytheoldmasters.

Intheexistingcircumstances,isit notpossiblefortheteachersand friendsofourrisingyoungmusicians tousetheirpersuasivepowersandthus reachacompromisebetweentheobviouspreferencefor''Swing"andthe necessityofcultivatingthetastefor allthatisbestinmusicbeforeitbecomespermanentlyimpaired.-Yours, etc.,

Wembley,April2R,1943.

LIBRARYLECTURES.

Sir,-Thecorrespondenceinyuur lastissueonthecomingseriesofLibraryLecturesrevealsthestandardof educationandinterestinthingsCatholicthatwehaveachievedinour midst."Toolofty-andsolid"!Good heavens,whatkindoflecturesDOpeoplewant?Somethingmerelytoentertainandamuseratherthantoeducateandimprove,spirituallyandculturally.Therearethousandsofsubjectsthatcouldhavebeenchosen. Neverthelessthosedecidedupon shouldbemostinstructiveandinteresting.I'dadvise"Ignoramus"to givethematrialatanyrate,andto havemoreconfidenceinthemanner inwhichsuchafinebodyoflecturers willdiscusstheirsubjects.-Yours etc., E.J.B. WestPerth,26/4/43.

AMATEURV.PRO.

Sir,-Thefightison.ThosebeautifullytimedstraightleftsofFrancis GilberthavefairlyrockedBobTindall. He'sbadlyshaken.Willhelast anotherround?Goodness,he'sgame; he'scomingupformore.Butit's sheermurder-WillnoonesaveTindallfromthelogicofFrancisGilbert? Thelatterhasconsoleduswiththe thoughtthatclevernessisnotessentialtosalvation.Lucifer,theprince ofcleverness(andoflies)isexcluded fromtheCityofGod,buthiscloven hoofisoftenvisibleinthisworld. ChristcommissionedHisChurchto saveallmen-Negroes,Eskimos,Chinese-all,whetherdullorclever(brains notessential,goodwill,yes).Would Tindalleliminatefromnaturethedandelionsanddaisies,becausethelandscapeisnotcoveredwithrosesand

arumlilies?Youcangettoomuch ofonetihng,youknow.Nequid nimis!

Francodidnotspillallthebloodin Spain.WhattheRedsdidinSpain makesthehorrorsoftheFrenchRevolutionlookanaemic(10Bishopsand 15,000religiousmurdered,andmany morecivilians-allnon-combatants). Therearepointsofresemblancein bothrevolutions.Theexcessesof theFrenchRevolutionwerecommittedinthenameofLiberty,Fraternity, Equality.Themoderncatch-cryis different,butreallystandsforthe something-bloodyrevolution.Itis knownastheDictatorshipoftheProleteriat,toachievewhichyouaregivenalicenceforimmorality,asfollows: "I,JosephStalin,authorisethebearer tocommiteverycrimeasoftenas necessary."Anotherpointofresemblance:bothrevolutionshaveendeavouredtolinktheChurchwith Capitalism(theAristocracyinFrance's case),inordertostirupthemasses. EventuallytheleadersoftheFrench Revolutionmetthirfatattheguillotine,victimsofthemonstertheyhad created.Itlooksasifhistoryisonce morerepeatingitself.

Inconclusion,IsuggestthatBob Tindallreduceshisstatusto"amateur,"ratherthantakeonaprofessional,likeFrancisGilbert.Unless thebellsaveshimnextweek,I'm afraidforTindallitwillhe eight nine OUT.

SOCIALISATIONOFLAND RENTS.

Sir,-InreplytoV.Edwards,reSocialisationoflandrents,firstly,letme pointout,iftheFederalGovernment imposedataxof5percent.onall landinAustralia(basedonthelands unimprovedrentalvalue)itwould notmatterwhetherthelandwasprivatelyownedorheldonleaseholdfrom theGovernment;theeconomicreturns inrentals(ortaxes)totheGovernmentwouldbeexactlythesame.So thatknocksoutthepolicyofthesocialisationofprivatelands.Secondly, largeareasoflandheldoutofproductionoruse(merelyheldforincrease inpriceoflandvalues)andareasof landinproduction(orbeingusedlo buildhomes),aretotallydifferent things.Wherelandisheldmerely foraprofitreturn,thePopestates (page18,"ReconstructingtheSocial Order-),itisthefunctionofgovernmentstodealwiththematter.(Will BobTindallnotethisalso?)RegardingMr.Edwards'remarksoninterest, etc.,Imayadd:(1)Banksdonot createcreditmoney:(2),Thereisno profitinindustry;(3),Peoplesave moneybecausetheyareafraidofunemployment,orbusinesslossesinthe future.Becauseinteresthasproduced thegreedstraininhumans,working menaswellascapitalistsdesireto draweasymoneyattheexpenseof theirfellowworkers.

(4)Ifmoneydidnothavethepower toearnmoney(interest).thewagesof machineryinindustrywouldbedividedamongstthosewholabourinindustry,inadditiontotheirpresentwage.

(5)Iknowpeoplewhohavepurchasedablockoflandfor£100,values havedropped,andthelandwassold for£50.Ifamanhasthecourage andthrifttobuyablockofland,and hesellsitatanincreasedprice,why shouldwecriticisehim?Remember wehad(andhavenow)equalrights tobuyland,andopportunities,asthe otherman.Thepriceofachair,wheelbarrow,motorcar,blockofland,etc., isthepriceapersonwillpayforany ofthese.Ifamancanmakealiving outofsellingchairs,whycannothe makealivingoutofsellingland?A saleofanyarticleorpropertyisan agreementbetweenbuyerandseller.Yours,etc., MORLITE.

Perth,24/4043,

BOBTINDALL,

(Continued

Sir,-Asforknowingaboutthis afterlifeofhappiness,youdonot know.Howcanyouknowwhatno maneverknew,butcanonlyaccept onfaith?Thereismoreevidenceto showthatspermandovumcellsare eternalthanthereistoshowthatthe humanmindorindividualmemoryis eternal.Ihavenochoice,andyou havenochoice,buttoplacecomplete trustinwhateverhappenstothepersonalityafterthedissolutionofthe physicalbody.Youdon'tknowwhere thesubstancenowformingyourbody wasfiftyyearsago,oreventenyears ago-andyoudonotknowwherethe atomswillbefiftyyearshence.

Likewise,youdonotknowwhere yourmindandmemorywillbe,foryou haveneverknownthephenomenaof mindandmemorywithoutaphysical body.Whyworry??Youwon'talter thingsbyacceptingorrejectingCatholicdogma,fashionedabouttwothousandyearsago.Bestliveto-dayso thatnofuturepersonwillrisetocuss Yourneglectofeconomicsandyour electoralfolly.Livesothateventhe undertakerregretshavingtoburyyou.

IfyourChurchwasreallyaloofand impartialtowealth,alsoindependent ofitasanofficeofGod,thePope wouldnotfrownonrichRussiansfrom whomhewillgetnothing-orsmile uponFrancoorotherCatholiccapitalistswhocouldandwoulddonateportionoftheirunearnedwealthashandsomegifts.ThePopeshouldnotbe flatteredbyCapitalistsatall.

AcertainmannamedJesusissupposedtohavesaidtoNicodemus,"Go away."

Personally,Idonotwantmoneyfor nothing,andifyouhadtheimpulse tosendmeahugesum,you'dgetit hackbyreturnmail.Iwanttoearn mybread,andIwantallothermen toearn-toproducewealthinorderto acquireit.

Solongasman-mademoneycanbuy landnomanevermade,itwillalways bearinterest,howeverelseitisinvested.Insteadofyourchurchmenopposingthesocialisationoflandrentas "anti-social"shouldtheynot,ifthe Churchreallyandtrulywishestosucceedaftercenturiesoffailure,endorse itandcondemnusury?Studythe causetoremovetheeffects.

YourChurchisnottheonlysinner inChristendom.Iunderstandthat theChurchofEnglandhasmorethan 107millionpoundsworthofinvestments.

Howcurious,thosewhopreachreligioncrawltorichexploitersandare theleastcapableofpractisingmoralitywithmoney.Islandrent"theChurches'onefoundation'?Areyousurprisedthatsomeofuslookonin"scornfulwonder"?

Napoleonsaid,"Yes,wemustseeto itthedoorsofthechurchesareopen toall,anditdoesnotcostthepoor manmuchtohaveprayerssaidonhis tomb."Napoleonwasacapitalist bullyandneverpretendedtobeamoralistanymorethanthedirectorofthe BankofEngland,who,liketherestof therulingmoney-lenders,hasusedreligionasan"opiateforthepeople."All men,frombookiestobishops,areafter easymoney-itspeaksalllanguages,it singshmynsandsaysprayers.Usury orinterestisthematerialismoftheologiansandatheists-andIdon'tmake anydifferencebetweeninterestand usury. Beforewecanexpectmoremoral bishopsandhankers,wemusthavea greatimprovementinthecharacterof thecommonpeople.Therearemore ofthem,sotheyaremoretoblame forthewoesoftheworld.-Yours,etc., BOBTINDALL.

(TobeContinued.)

(SeeMr.Csilbert'sremarksin"WithoutApology,"onPage4.)

Oe

ZrcObi0Ce

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

April30-8p.m.:AttendopeningLectureof1943SeriesatCentralCatholic Library.

May2-8a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral: CelebrateMassonoccasionofAnnualCommunionofNewmanSociety.

12.15p.m.:AttendannualcelebrationsinhonourofSt.Joseph,atthe HomeoftheLittleSistersofthe Poor,Glendalough.

May4:AttendAnnualGeneralMeeting oftheCatholicWomen'sLeague.

May9:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmationatSt.Mary'sChurch,Merredin.

May16:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmationatHolyCrossChurch, Cunderdin.

May23:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmationatSt.Joseph'sChurch, Kellerberrin.

May30:CanonicalVisitationand ConfirmationatSt.Anne's,Belmont.

June13(PentecostSunday):St. Mary'sCathedral: 11a.m.:Pontificate.

3p.m.:AdministertheSacramentof ConfirmationtochildrenfromCathedralParishSchoolsandto adults.

44 DEATHS old

TRAVERS.-OnApril16,1943,at Glenelg,SouthAustralia,Edward Bernard,belovedhusbandofEllen, andlovingfatherofVince,Leo, Clem,Agnes,Catherine(SouthAustralia),Luke(Bolgart),Frances (Mrs.Kenny,Tammin).R.I.P.

014 INMEMORIAM 014

BOGUE.-Insadandlovingmemory ofmydarlingsisterandaunty,VeronicaMay(Molly),whopassedaway May1,1940. SweetHeartofJesus,havemercy onher. Alwaysrememberedbyherloving sister,Margaret.

BOGUE.-Infondandlovingmemory ofourdearestdaughterandsister. MaryVeronica(Molly),whodepartedthislifeonMay1,1940. ImmaculateHeartofMary,your prayersforherextol.

Lovinglyrememberedbyhersorrowingmother,sistersandbrothers.

TAYLOR.-Inlovingmemoryofmy dearwife,RosaTaylor,whodied April28,1939.Restinpeace. MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul. -Insertedbyherlovinghusband.

ANZACDAYCOMMEMORATION

(ContinuedfromPage8.) quishingbehindthewiresofGerman andJapaneseprisoncompounds-God grantthatthedayoftheirliberation behastened.Werememberthose mothers,wivesandlovedoneswho, likeMarytheMotherofJesus,know theanguishoflonelinessandloss.We rememberallthisandaresad.But oursadnessismingledwithjoyand pride,forweknowthatthesefellow Australianshave,likeChrist,trodden thewayofsorrow,eventotheheights ofsupremesacrifice. MaythesufferingGod-mangather uptheirsufferingswithHisown,and offerthemasapleasingholocaustbeforeHisHeavenlyFather,andmay Hesharewiththem,eternally,the gloryofHisResurrection. Mydearbrethren,mayGodinHis mercygranttothesoulsofourfellow comradesinarms,andtothesoulsof allthefaithfuldeparted,eternalrest. Letperpetuallightshineuponthem, OLord,andmaytheyrestinpeace. .\men.

HoldWeek&EasterthroughoutArcilolocese LiturgicalCeremoniesofSacredSeason

TheceremoniesofHolyWeekand Easterwereperformedthisyearwith allthedignityandbeautytraditionallyassociatedwiththismostsacred periodintheChurch'sliturgicalyear. Churcheseverywherewerethronged forthevariousfunctions,andinthe Cathedral,especially,largecongregationswitnessedtheceremonialofHoly Weekcarriedoutliturgicallytothe smallestdetail,Mostgratifyingwas theverylargenumberswhoapproachedHolyCommuniononHolyThursdayandEasterSunday.

St.Mary'sBoys'Choir,underthe directionofRev.A.Lynch,wonuniversalpraiseforthemannerinwhich themusicoftheceremonieswasrendered.

PalmSunday.

ThesolemnityofHolyWeekbegan onPalmSunday,whentheChurch commemoratedChrist'striumphal entryintoJerusalem. Alargecongregationwatchedthestoryofthat entry-beingunfoldedbeforetheireyes inthevividsymbolismoftheceremonial.Thegladcriesof"Hosanna" followedbythetriumphalprocessional music,recalledthetumultousreceptionwithwhichChristwasgreetedby thepeopleofthecity,areception whichdrewfromthewatchingPhariseestheadmission,"Thewholeworld hathgoneafterHim"-aconditionof thingswhichsentthemscurryingto thecouncilchamberstoplotHisdownfall,ButacrossthissceneofgladnessandrejoicingtheCrossthrows itsshadow,astheDeaconsoftnePassionappearintheSanctuarytochant thestoryofthehappeningsofthefirst HolyWeekasrelatedbySt.Matthew.Gonenowisthespiritofjoy andhappinessastheChurchentersa periodofsolemnmourning,whichwill continueuntilthegladsome"Alleluias" ofHolySaturdayannouncethevictory oftheMasteroverdeath.

OnSpyWednesdayevening,Rev, FatherHaugh,0.M.I.,inaneloquent

GratifyingAttendance Sacraments

discourse,explainedthesignificanceof theceremoniesofHolyWeek.

MaundyThursday. TheceremoniesofMaundyThursday receivetheirnamefromthe"Mandaturn,"theceremonialwashingofthe feet,tocommemoratethewashingof HisApostles'feetbyChrist.It mightseemstrangethateverythingin theSanctuaryto-dayindicatesthat theFeastisoneofjoy.Thevestments wornbythecelebrantandministers arewhite,thealtarisdecoratedand

anairofgladnesspervadestheceremony.Yetitisnotstrangewhenwe rememberthatwearecelebratingthe dayonwhichChristgaveusHisgreatestgift-theBlessedEucharist.The Massis,indeed,afestalone,butthe Officeofthedaykeepsbeforeour mindsthesorrowthatistocome,as itnarratesforustheperfidyofJudas.

DuringtheMass,HisGracetheArch. bishopconsecratedtheHolyOils.At theMasstwoHostswereconsecrated, oneofwhichwaslatercarriedtothe AltarofRepose,theretoremainuntil theMassofthePresanctifiedonGood Friday.Theorganwasplayedand thebellsrungattheGloria,andallwas silentthereafteruntiltheGloriaon HolySaturday.Thechoirrendered themusicoftheMass.The"Kyrie" andGloriawerebyPerosi,andtheremainderoftheMasswasbyRefice. IntheeveningthepreacherwasRev. T.Perrott,S.J.ThroughoutHoly Thursdaynight,themenoftheCathedralparishkeptwatchbeforetheAltar ofRepose.

atChurch'sdoctrineandpractice,could notfailtounderstandthatthiswas indeedadayofmourning,northereasonforthatmourning.Themagnificentrenderingbythedoublechoir of"TheReproaches"duringtheAdorationoftheCrosswasagain,asinformeryears,anoutstandingfeatureofthe GoodFridaymorningceremonial.Rev, C.K.Sloweypreachedtheoccasional sermon.

IntheafternoontheCathedralwas filledtooverflowingfortheStations oftheCross,whichwerepreachedby Rev.FatherO'Leary,C.SS.R.,and againintheevennigwhenRev.Father McLaughlin,C.SS.R.,preachedavery eloquentsermononthePassion.

HolySaturday.

IntheserviceofHolySaturdaywe havetheoneremainingexampleof theoldvigilswhichtheearlyChristianskeptbeforetheirgreatFeasts. Theservicewasoriginallycomposed tobeheldduringthenightbetween SaturdayandSunday.Itisdivided intofivemainparts,theblessingofthe EasterFire,andofthePaschalCandle, thechantingoftheProphecies,the blessingoftheFont,thechantingof theLitanies,andthefirstEasterMass. AttheGloriaoftheMasstheorgan andthechurchbells,whichhavebeen silentsinceMaundyThursday,are heardagain,andthevioletcoverings areremovedfromthestatues,signify. ingthattheChurch'speriodofmourn ingisoverandthatthefestiveseason ofEasterhasbegun.

TheanticipatoryjoyoftheChurch intheResurrectionofChrist,lier Founder,whichbreaksforthinthe MassofHolySaturday,reachesitsfull tideintheSolemnMassofEasterSunday.Allbarenessisnowgonefrom altarandsanctuary,andthesignsof joysoevidentintheliturgyofthe dayarebroughthometoourmindsby theflowersandlavishdecorations whichappearonallsides.Asthe ArchbishopandclergyenteredtheCathedralinprocession,themajestic strainsofthe"EcceSacerdosMagnus," sungforthefirsttimetoanewsettingbyDr.EdgarC.Ford,wereheard. Allthebeautyandpompoftheritual wasemployedintheceremonialofthe Masswhichfollowed,andasthestately dignifiedactionoftheHolySacrifice proceeded,onecouldfeelthatthe Church,alwayssoeffectiveinconveyingadefiniteimpressioninherliturgy, excelsherselfinthecelebrationofthe ResurrectionofHerDivineMaster.The musicoftheMass(byPerosilwasrenderedbytheCathedralBoys'Choir, withLotti's"ReginaCoeli"asanOffertorymotet.Rev.FatherRegan, C.SS.R.,preachedtheoccasionalsermon. OnEasterSundayeveningAnzac Daywascommemorated,andisreportedelsewhereinthisissue,

OurCatholicSchoolsandColleges

CHRISTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY.

ONEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSCHOOLSOFWA AQUINASCOLLEGE

TELEPHONE:MU1520.

FORBOARDERSANDDAYSTUDENTS.

BOYSADMITTEDFROM7UPWARDS.

BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanningBridge. ForParticularsapplytoThePrincipal,AquinasCollege,CanningParade,Mt.Henry.

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL

HIGHGATE-PERTH (Conductedby.SistersNotreDameDesMissions). BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORGIRLS.

PUPILSPREPAREDALLEXAMINATIONS.

'Phone:B3810.

MONTESSORISCHOOLFORYOUNGCHILDREN ForProspectusapplyREV.MOTHERPRIORESS

LoretoConvent"Csborne"-Claremont BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE.

GoodFriday.

InthesolemnfunctionsofGoodFriday,andespeciallyintheMassofthe Presanctified,theverystrangenessof therites,soutterlyunlikeanyothers, conveyedatoncethefeelingthatwas adaydifferentfromanyotherday. TheprocessioncomingtotheAltarin deadsilence,thebarenessoftheAltar andSanctuary,theprostrationofthe celebrantandministers,thentheLessonsandCollectswiththeirstrange chant,alltendtoproduceasenseof desolationandofmourning,suchasno otherserviceoftheyearapproaches. Sovividisthesymbolismthatanyone enteringaCatholicchurchonthisoccasion,nomatterhowignorantofthe

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationccimodernlinesinallbranches ofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexaminations.TheSchoolis beautifullysituatedbetweenOceanandRiver,inextensivegrounds, withfineplayingfieldsandprivateSwimmingPoolinRiver. Telephone:F2135. Apply- MOTHERSUPERIOR.

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGE --NEWNORCIii CONDUCTEDBYTHEMARISTBROTHERS. Theschoolisfullfor1944.Boyscanbeacceptedforcommence. mentin1945,orforacceptanceduring1944subjecttovacanciesoccurring. AcharacterreferencefromtheParishPriestisrequired.

ForParticularsApplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR

0.

LithuaniaonCalvarylookstoResurrection

February16ofthisyearwillmark thetwenty-fifthanniversaryof"new" Lithuania'sdeclarationofindependence.Theword"new"doesnotmean thatthissmall,peace-lovingBaltic countryisarecentorapost-warnation Lithuanialivedanindependentlifeas astatefromthethirteenthtotheitixteenthcentury,andlater,inunionwith Poland,whenbothStateswererules bythefamousJagelloniandvnlstyo: Lithuanianprinces.

ButLithuanialostherindependence completelyinthepartitionofthis Lithuanian-Polishstate,in1795,and remainedasubjugatednationuntil 1918,whenanAlliedvictoryallowed hertomakeasuccessfuldashforafree life.

Ontheeveofthismemorableanni Yersarv,asloyalLithuaniansthroughouttheworldandAmerican of Lithuaniapreparetoobservethat"rebirthday,'Lithuaniafindsherselfinthe clutchesofaGermanoccupation,just asshewasonFebuary16,1918,when shedefiedGermanmilitaristsanddeclaredherselfafreenation.

AsinWorldWarI,Lithuania,since thebeginningofthecurrentstruggle, hasagainbeenthehaplessvictimof adoubledevastation,firstbytheRussians,in1940,andthen,in1941,bythe Nazihordes,whoevenatthistimecontinuetowieldtyrannicalruleunder theguiseof"protection."

Afterbeingbled,trampledandahus. edbytheRedsavagesforawhole year,LithuaniahopedthataGerman occupationmightbethelesseroftwo evils.ButoncetheTeutonsbegan their"protecting,"shesawthatthe aggressorsweretwoofakind-both destroyersandkillers,oneabloodthirstybear,andtheotherasnarling wolf.

Inspite conditionsand incomparableodds,thesepeaceful,fair^ skinnedpeoplesoftheNemunasValley, undaunted,burnwithanardenthope thattheirfreedomwillagainberestored.Theyhavebeensubjugated manytimesbefore,butneverconquered.Theyrealisethatall-outresistancewouldbesuicidalbecauseofthe negligibleoffensivemeasuresattheir disposaland,furthermore,becausethey arestillnursinggapingwounds.

YetLithuaniaismeetingherresponsibilitybydoingallshecantohelp herselfandotheroppressednationsregaintheirsacredrighttoleadaselfdetermined,freelife.Inspiteofgreat pressure,andevendeathoftheirloved ones,LithuaniansarefeverishlyresistingtheNaziinvasion.TheyareworkingforanAlliedvictory,basingtheir hopeofsecurityandfutureindependenceontheclear-cuttenetsofthe AtlanticCharter.

Atpresent,Lithuania isliving throughnotonlyanationalorpolitical crisis.Inaddition,deadlythrustsare beingaimedatthelifelinesofherreligiousFaith.Asthelong,slimytentaclesoftheNazioctopustightenabout her-aprostrate,butfightingvictimtheyaimtosnuffoutthelife-giving centresofherdeep,loyalCatholic faith.

Lithuania-whosepeoplesareover eightypercentCatholic-wasthelast oftheEuropeancountriestoembrace Christianity.Nationalconversionwas achievedin1386.whentheLithuanian DukeJogailareceivedinmarriagethe 4

HistoryofHeroicCatholicState

VaticanandWhiteHouseEspouseHerCause

handofJadvyga,heiresstothePolish crown. ThisdelayedacceptanceoftheFaith wasduetotheconditionsofthetimes.

Ontheonehand,theLithuanianswere surroundedbyadecayingEastern church,whichcouldnotofferthema substantialfaith,while,ontheother hand,thosewhocametotheminthe guiseofapostlesturnedouttobepredatorybearersofswordandfire.These -theTeutonicKnightsofthelate fourteenthandearlyfifteenthcenturies-couldmakenopermanentappeal orconvincinglypresentthemessageof Christianity.Somorepropitioustimes hadtobeawaited.

Butoncegatheredintothefold theCatholicChurch,theLithuanians heldsteadfasttotheFaith,weathering allstorms.Thefirstofthesestorms came'towardtheendofthefourteenth century,whentheTartarslaunched theirsweepacrossEurope.Lithuania performedasignalservicetothe Church,aswellastoEuropeatlarge, when,underVytautastheGreat,in 1399,itwithstoodtheonrushofthese Asiatics,aninvasionwhich,haditsucceeded,wouldhaveseriouslyarrested Westerncivilisation.Thedefenceof thisfurthermostCatholicoutpostof EuropewasblessedbyBonifaceIX asaholywarindefenceofaCatholic people.

AsecondgreatthreattotheFaith inLithuaniacameinthesixteenthcentury,withtheProtestantrevolution, whichattemptedtopenetrateLithuaniaitself-butwithoutsuccess.True, thenobilityandlandedgentry,foropportunisticreasons,tooktoProtestantism,butitdidnotappealtothepeasants.Thewealthy,worldly-minded andambitiouslandbaronsattempted tocompeltheirsubjectstoforsakeCatholicismand,followingthepatternof all"reformers,"engagedinasystematic persecutionandannihilationofalladherentstotheFaith.

TheHierarchy,gravelyconcerned overtheseconditionsthreateningthe Faith,andalarmedbyashortageof priests,invitedtheJesuitsfromabroad, andin1579,intheEpiscopalcityof Vilnius,establishedtheAcademy.This institutionwasapprovedbyPopeGregoryXIII,andgrantedalltheprivilegesenjoyedbyCatholicuniversities. TheAcademyexercisedinestimableinfluenceincheckingthespreadofthe revolt.By1803ithadbecomeafullfledgeduniversity,onlytobeliquidatedin1832bytheRussianTsarasan "undesirable"influence.

ThemosttryingperiodfortheCatholicChurchinLithuanialastedfrom 1795to1914,duringwhichtimeLithuaniaremainedsubjugatedtoRussian rule.Theusurperimmediatelysought torobtheLithuaniansoftheirFaith andnationality.At'first,thesubjectedpeopleswereenticedbypromisesof rewardtoforsakeoneheritageorthe other.Whenthisfailed,persecution began.

Thosewhomthetyrantscouldnot 'persuade,"werebanishedtoSiberia bythethousands.Thosetryingtimes

Whatof

bringtolighttheheroicapostolateof oneReligious,aMarianFather,ChristopherSvirmickas,whohadbeenbanishedtoSiberiain1846,andwhofor fifty-twoyearslabouredinIrkutsk.

Otherpriestsvoluntarilypenetrated thedepthsofRussiainordertopreach CatholicismtotheOrthodoxandSchismaticRussians.Incertainbishoprics ofRussia,thepercentageofLithuanian priestswasashighassixty,whilethe conversion,thoughsecret,ofagreat numberofRussianintelligentsia,was duetoLithuanianpriest-exiles.

In1864,theRussianGovernment closedallCatholicschoolsinLithuania. Havingoutlawedtheprintingofall books,exceptinRussiancharacters, Russianpoliceandsoldiersspiedon worshipperslesttheybefoundpraying orsingingfromprayerorhymn-books printedinforbiddencharacters.

Churcheswereclosed,andnonew churchesallowedtobebuilt.Oneof themosttragicepisodesofthisperiod ofpersecutionwasthebrutalattack onthevillagechurchofKraziai,in 1893.TheRussiansonedaymadea surpriseattackuponthislittlechurch, whereLithuanianshadgathered,keepingvigaldayandnight,singinghymns, towardoffenemyattacksandtopreventdesecration.TheFaithfuldid notdesertthechurch,evenwhenthe TsaristGovernorofthedistrictandhis mountedsoldiersenteredthesacred edificeandtrampledtodeaththose whostayedinthepathofthehorses.

Onlytoward1904,afteryearsofsuffering,didRussiarelentsomewhatand granttheLithuanianpeoplesomedegreeoffreedomofworshipandthe

theFuture?

righttoreadtheirownlanguage.This yearmarkedanewrevivalofthe ChurchinLithuania.

In1914whenhostilitiesbetween RussiaandGermanybrokeout,Lithuaniabecameabloodytheatreofwar, andwassubjecttoadoubledevastation,firstbytheretreatingRussians. andthenbythepursuingGermans.

Themostrecentstormandtrialto besettheChurchinLithuaniabeganin June,1940,withtheSovietinvasionof Lithuaniawhich,inrelayfashion,has beentakenupbytheNazioppressors.

TheReddrive,thoughsupposedly launchedonpoliticalgrounds,again struckfiendishlyattheCatholic Church.Immediatelyanetwas thrownouttoroundupleadersand personsexercisinginfluenceinCatholic circlesofLithuania.Manyofthese wereimprisoned,manyexecutedfor resistance.Relativelyfewescapedto carryonactivities.

Churchpropertywasconfiscated: churches,monasteries,seminaries,parishandepiscopalresidencewereconvertedintobarracks,theatres,public hallsandgodlessmuseums.Bishops wereoustedfromtheirresidences,nuns forbiddentoweartheirgarb,andforcedtoreturntotheworld.Eventhe ApostolicDelegate'shomewasseized andoccupied.Lawsrecognisingonly civilmarriagewereintroduced.For thefirsttimeinthehistoryofLithuaniadivorcewasintroducedandmade easy.TheCatholicpresswasrestaffed,andCatholicpublicationsgaveway toCommunisticperiodicals.Anestimated70,000Lithuanianswereruthlesslysnatchedawaylikebeasts,stuff-

(ContinuedonPage12.1

TheNecessary Step-Enrolment WithC.C.C.!

Yourdaughterisonlyaschool girlto-day,butyoumustrememberthatinaveryfewyears'time shewillhavegrownintoayoung woman.

Donotretardherprogress.Give hertheopportunitytohavea careerofherown,toobtainoffice employment,toassociatewithinterestingpeopleanddevelopher ownpersonality.

TheKEYTOHERSUOCESSISTRAINING.Helphertoturn thelockofthedoorofOpportunitybyenrollingherforourJuniorSecretarialCourse.ThisisacompleteBusinessCourse,especiallyinauguratedbyus,anditcoverstuitioninallsubjects.Twelvemonthsfrom enrolmentyourdaughterwillbeworking-earning!

Ifwecanhelpyou,whynotcallanddiscussthismostimportant matterwithus.Weshallbeonlytoohappytogiveyoudetailswithoutobligationtoyourself.Ifyouareunabletocall,writeor'phone 06010,B6561,andwewillforwardthenecessaryinformationtoyou.

.14

Tel.:MU149.

ThepopularTuesdaynightdarnsre commencedonEasterTuesdayevening.Mrs.Rogersisinchargeasusual, andMr.Hennekerisfloormanager. Thisweeklyfeaturewasextremely popularinthepast,andwehopetosee alloldfriendsreunitedthereoncemore. Thesurplusfundsaredonatedtothe schoolsconductedbytheSistersofSt. Joseph.

ChildrenofMarySodality.

ThechiefitemofinterestatthemeetingonSundayeveninglastwasthe

Doyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?Make aregularannualcontributiontohelp anindigentstudent.

electionofMissNancyCarrolltothe vacantpresidency.MissCarrollwas formerlyvice-president,andherap pointmentisaverypopularone.She takesanactivepartinmostChurchactivities,andisalsoaprominentmemberofSt.Mary'sTennisClub.

Personal.

Rev.FatherDiviney,ofNortham, visitedKalgoorlierecently.Ashis tripcoincidedwiththeabsenceofthe Administrator,Rev.FatherCarolan,he foundplentytodointhisbusyparish.

AnotherrecentvisitorwasRev.

Father Sobh.

Wagin

MASSTIMETABLE.

May2:Wagin,8a.m.:ArthurRiver, 10a.m.

May9:Wagin,8a.m.;Dumbleyung, 10a.m.

May16:Kukerin,9a.m.;Lake Grace,11P.M.

May23:Dumbleyung,9a.m.: Wagin,11a.m.

May30:Wagin,8a.m.;Dumbleyung,10a.m.

LithuaniaonCalvaryLooksto Resurrection

(ContinuedfromPage11.)

edintobox-carsandshippedofftothe wildstretchesofSiberia.

InJune,1941,whentheRedsreluctantlyconcededLithuaniatotheNazi conquerors,theconditionoftheChurch remainedbasicallyunchanged.The Nazisleftthingsthewaytheyfound them,exceptthattheycontinuedto snuffoutCatholicinfluence.Inspite ofcensorship,reportsfromround-about sourcesreachingthiscountrytellhow theNazissuppressCatholicorganisations,interferewiththeclergy'sministerialwork,purposelytimeworking hourssothattheFaithfulwillhepreventedfromattendingservices.However,LithuanianBishops,notwithstandingdangertothemselves,are voicingtheirprotestsagainstNazi interferenceinmatterspertainingto religion,especiallyagainstthebrutal NaziattemptstoexterminatetheremainingJewsinLithuania.

LithuaniaisagainascendingCalvary.AsifmakingamendsforhavingbeenlastoftheEuropeannations toembracetheFaith,sheisresolved toresist,atwhatevercost,anyattempt towrenchthatFaithawayfromher.A nationwhich,underGod'sguiding

hand,asthebarrierwhichinthefourteenthcenturystoppedtheinvading Tartarhordesfromover-runningEurope,whichdidnotsuccumbtoProtestantismandtheflatteriesofOrthodoxPro-Slavism,willknowhowto gatherherstrengthforthepresent arosefrom theruinsleftbyovercomingaggressors inthelastwar,andinaperiodofalittleovertwentyyearsbuiltupacountryofpeace-loving,culturedandenlightenedcitizens,willnoteasilyforsakeallthatsuchsacrificehasachieved.,

TheHolyFatherfromtheVatican hassaidthatthecauseofLithuaniais thecauseofright.OurownillustriousPresidentRoosevelthasoffered comfortingwords,whenhesaidLithuaniahasnotlostherindependence,but thatitisonlytemporarilyputaside. IlehaspointedoutthatLithuaniais notnegligiblebecauseitisasmall country.Eventhesmallestnationhas thesamerighttoindependencea'the largestone. Willhistoryrepeatitself?Intheir fightforreligiousandnationalfreedom, Lithuanianshopefornothingmoreardentlythanthattheirhistoryofindependencewillrepeatitself.

Shopping Males for isMadeEasyat WALSH'S LIMITED

SubiacoYoung Men'sClub

Unfortunatelywehavetoannounce toourpatronsthepostponementof ourdancetoaweeklater.Thedance willnowtakeplaceonMay8insteadof May1. Sodon'tforgetthechanged date,aswewillcertainlygiveyoua goodevening'sentertainment.

OnMonday,May3,oneofourformer members,inLieut.Scott,hasagreed togiveusashorttalkonhistravels andexperiencesintheMiddleEast. Thisshouldprovehighlyinteresting,so weanticipatealargecrowdofour boys.

Fivenewmembers,inF.Hughes,K. Wiggins,B.Wiggins,J.SlavinandJ. Williams,werewelcomedintotheclub. Theincreasingmembershipoftheclub showsitspopularity.Ifthereareany boyswhowishtojoin,willtheybepresentofaMondaynightandtheywill beenrolled.

Thedividingoftheclubintosenior andjuniormeetingswillbeagreat benefittoall.Thejuniorboyswill meetofaSundayafternoonbetween2 ,and5p.m.Theywillhaveallthe gamesavailabletothemandwillbe superintendedbysomeoftheoldermen oftheparish.

Thejuvenilesectionhadtheirfirst meetinglastSunday.Thiswasa greatsuccess.Severalnewmembers ereenrolled,butthereisstillroom formoreyet.Sodon'tforgetallboys betweentheagesof11and14years areinvitedtobepresentonSunday afternoons.

ThetriptoCastledarewasgreatly enjoyedbothbytheboysoftheOrphanageandtheS.C.Y.M.boys.The cricketersoftheclubreceivedagreat surprisewhenoneoftheCastledare boys,JimDavis,attainedtopscore. Nicework,Jim!Wewishtoextend oursincerestthankstothekindladies whowentoutwithusandpreparedthe refreshments.

NELSON&SONLIMITED MARKETREPORT

NELSON&SONLIMITEDreport asfollowsfortheirsaleofWednesday, April28,1943: Thesaleto-dayconsistedmainlyof consignmentscarriedoverfromThursdayoflastweek.SuppliesonThursdayweretheheaviestofferedinour Markets,andasthedemandwaspoor, allconsigiunentscouldnotbesold, Alsoseverallotsexrailarrivedafter thesalewasconcluded,andthesewere soldto-day.Thedemandto-daywas quitegood,andvaluesforcockerels andhensimprovedslightly.Ducks anddrakesshowedadecidedimprovement.TheTurkeysofferingwere eitherpoorqualityortooyoungfor thetraderequirements.

QUOTATIONSATPERPAIR.

COCKERELS:Prime,11/6to12/6 (onelotexBassendeana/6);Fair, 9,-to11/-;Staggybirds,6/6to8/6; Medium,6.-to8/-;WL.,6/-to7/-.

ROOSTERS:Heavy,8/6to8/-; W.L,Si-to6/-.

HENS:Heavy,11/6to12,9(onelot 13/6)Medium,8/-to10/6;Light, downto6/-;W.L.,4/6to6/6.

DRAKES:Prime,121-to12/9;Good, 10/-to11/-;Young,downto8/-;Aged, 9/-to11/-.

DUCKSPrime,7/9to89;Medium, 6-to7/-.

GEESE:11/-,

TVELKEYGOBBLERS:Prime,none offering;Fair,37/-to40,-;Medium, 26/-to30/-;Young,downto12/6.

TURKEYHENS:Prime,noneoffering;Fair,15/-to16/-;Small,downto 11/-.

EGGS:Hen,2/3;Medium,1/10.

ADDRESS:MetropolitanMarkets, Perth.

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

CombinedTennisDay.

ThefourthintheseriesofAssociationtennisdayswillbeheldatRobertsonParkonSunday,May2,Twelve courtswillagainbeinuseformembersfrom1p.m.onwards,anditis fullyanticipatedthattheywillbewell occupiedalltheafternoon.Withthe weathernowonthecoolside,and idealfortennis,thereisnownoreason. whyeverymemberintheW.A.C.L.T.A shouldnotbepresentattheseannual "rallydays."HeldwiththesolepurposeofkeepingCatholictennisalive inthesetroublesometimes,thesecombineddayshaveprovedtobethemost successfulandenjoyablefunctionsever yetorganisedbytheAssociationsince itsinception.

WeddingBells.

TheAssociationisstillmaintainingitshighrecordinthenumberofinterclubmarriages.Lastweek-end,two popularmembers,inMissRoseWood (St.Mary's,Leederville),andMr. GeoffGee(St.Kevin's,Subiaco),were unitedinthebondsofHolyMatrimonyatSt.Mary'sChurch.

OnMonday,May2,theAssociation's firstduelweddingwilltakeplace, whentwoSt.Joachimmembers,in LorraineandGretaShanley,willbe marriedtoKevinTracy(St.Joachim's)andJackPeterkin(Theresians respectively.Thesetwopopulartwins arewellknownthroughouttheAssociation,andwillcarrywiththemthe heartiestcongratulationsofallmembersoftheW.A.C,L.T.A.

nnaR,SCHOOLTENNIS.

Theannualtennistournamentbetween theChristianBrothers'Collegeswas heldatFremantleonHolyThursday. Favouredwithabeautifulday,the boystookpartinanon-stopprogrammefrom10am.to5.30p.m.Some splendidtenniswasdisplayedinall divisions,andtheholdersofthechampionship,C,B;H.S.,Highgate,carried offthehonoursagain.Theirplayers weresuperiorintheopen,under14, andunder12sections,whileFremantle wontheunder16division.Someof theplayershadbeenfinalistsorsemifinalistsintherecentRedCross hoolTournament.OutstandingplayersirthedaywereO'NeillandNizcola,ofHighgate:AdamsandAnderson,Fremantle;andHitchcockand Quaine,ofSt.Patrick's,

MURRAYSTREET.PERTH.

'Phone:B7777

REGISTEREDW.A.T.A.

PatroniseOurAdvertisers.

heCatholicAnswer

from

4EVERYSUNDAYEVENINGAT7.15P.M.

The'VaticanandqermanCatholics...

WhyNotExcommunicateVonPapen?

TheChurch'sAttitudeTowardsStrikes

*JustifiedUnder CertainConditions

BeliefinChrist'sPhysical ResurrectionEssential toChristianity

hadnorighttoexistence.Norhas hebrokenoffdiplomaicrelationswith anyexiledGovernmentthathasbeen thevictimofaggression.Naturally, thepresenceoftherepresentativesof theGovernmentsattheVaticanisvery offensivetotheAxisPowers

STRIKES:PHYSICALVIOLENCEISNEVERLAWFUL.

ExcommunicationandPapal Neutrality

"AnIrateListener,"Perth:

Q.:IsitafactthatVonPapenisa RomanCatholic?

A.:VonPapenwasbroughtupasa Catholic,andaslateas1933heidentifiedhimselfwiththeChurchbytaking partinaCatholicprocession.Idon't knowhowhereactedtothePope's solemncondemnationofNaziprinciples lateron.

Q.:Whyishenotexcommunicated fromtheChurchbythePope?

A.Firstofall,Imaysaythatthe questionastowhetheramanshould beexcommunicatedisapracticalone, andapersonwhoissufficientlycognisantofthefactsofaparticularcaseis freetodifferfromthePope'sjudgmentastowhetheritshouldbeimposedornot.However,itisaprinciple ofCatholiclawthatthesentencemust notbeimposedunlesstheimposition islikelytodosomegood.Surelyit mustbeevidentthatnogoodwould beeffectedbytheexcommunication ofVonPapen.IfVonPapenshould havenoregardforthelawofGod,he isnotlikelytotakeanynoticeofthe Pope.Ontheotherhand,heisa Germandiplomat,andifthePopewere

toexcommunicatehim,theaction wouldbeinterpretedasanabandonmentofthepositionofneutralitythe Popehastakeninthiswar.ThereasonswhythePopemustremainneutralwillbeobvioustoeverythinking man.Briefly,sinceneithersideis preparedtostopuntilitisinapositiontocompeltheothersidetoaccept dictatedterms,thePopecannotpass judgmentonthewaruntilsuchtimeas hehasalltheissuesandconditionsof settlementsubmittedtohistribunal. Hecannotwriteablankchequeeven fortheauthorsoftheAtlanticCharter, Forinstance,itmustbeobviousthat thePopecannotcommithimselftoacceptingapeacethatmightinvolvesuch thingsastheprohibitionoftheteachingofreligiontoanypersonunder eighteenyearsofageinsay,Lithuania, Esthonia,andLatvia.Itoughttobe rememberedthatthePopeisconstantlybeingsubjectedtoabusebythe AxisPressforfavouringtheAllies.In pointoffact,hehasimpartiallyupheld thecauseofjusticeaseachindividual issuehasarisen.Thus,hehasnever ceasedtorecogniseandencouragethe PolishGovernment,eventhoughboth GermanyandRussiadeclaredthatit

197BRISBANESTREET PERTH.

PrescriptionsCarefullyandAccuratelyDispensed.CompleteStocksof PatentMedicines.CountryOrdersatCityPrices. 'PhoneB7923.

Q.:IfitistruethattheNazishave endeavouredtodoawaywithestablishedreligion,whydoesnotthePope callonallCatholicsbothinGermanyandItalytorefusetoobey Hitler?

A.ItisnotpartofChrist'steaching thatHisfollowersmustalwaysrefuse toobeyaGovernmentthatistrying todestroyHisChurch.St.Paultold theChristiansofhistimethatthey shouldbeobedientsubjectstothe pagangovernmentoftheRomanEmpireinallmattersthatbelongedtoits jurisdiction.Thatgovernmentwas opposedtoChristianity.Inthesame way,GermanCatholicsarejustifiedin submittingtotheauthorityoftheir Government,eventhoughitisinthe handsofmenwhoaretryingtode. stroyChrist'sChurch..Theyareat thesametimeboundtoresistanyof itslawsthatarecontrarytothelaw ofGod,Theiroppositiontosuch evillawshasalreadybroughtupon themthewrathoftheNaziGovernment.TheCatholicChurchinGermanyhasbeen,andisbeing,subjected tooneofthemostinsidiouspersecutionsinhistory;andthePopeisvery farfromwishingtobringstillfurther sufferingsuponGermanCatholics.

again,Germanyisatwar.Ifthe PopeweretoorderGermanCatholics torefusetoobeyHitler,ascommander-in-chiefoftheGermanforces,he wouldbeorderingthemtofacilitatethe conquestofGermanybytheAllies. Suchaconquestwouldinvolvemore thanthesuppressionoftheNaziGovernment.Itmeanstheunconditional surrenderofallGermanstotheAllies. TheAlliedleadershavedeclaredthat theywillinsistonsuchasurrender, andthePopecouldhardlyorderGermanCatholicstostrivetoreducetheir countrytosuchastateofhelplessness. Sureasweareofthejusticeofthe causeforwhichAustraliaisfighting, weneednotblindourselvesintothinkingthatthedefeatofthepresentGermanGovernmentwillnecessarilymean thecreationofaGOODGovernment inGermany.Notallthecountries fightingontheAlliedsideareChristian;theChurchinPoland,forinstance,hassufferedatthehandsof bothinvaders,andGermanCatholics maybeexcusediftheydoubtwhether eventhosecountrieswhichclaimthe nameofChristianwouldtreatadefeatedGermanyinamannerstrictlyin accordwithChristianprinciples.

Iadviseyoutodoyourpartinthis warinthespiritoftheA.I.F.The DiggershavehittheAxisforceshard anddefeatedtheminbattle,butIhave neverheardaDiggerexpressmalice againsttheindividualsoldiersonthe otherside. Amancanknowhis governmentisrottenandstillfightfor hiscountry.

ConditionsofaJustStrike

(ContinuedonPage14.)

(ContinuedfromPage13.)

A.Thequestionofthemoralityof strikesandlock-outsnecessarilyimpliestheconsiderationofsomanyfactorsthatitisdifficulttoresistthe temptationtotreatthewholesubject insomedetail.Unfortunatelythat, ofcourse,wouldtakemoretimethan Ihaveatmydisposalinthishalf-hour session.Forthereissuchchaosdevelopinginthesocialandeconomic spheresoflifeto-daythatIshouldsay whatismostneededissomestraight, clearthinkingbybothworkerandemployer.Attheoutset,wemightremindourselvesthatinaChristian StateChristianprinciplesofmorality mustdetermineourconsiderationeven ofindustrialproblemssuchastheone proposedinthisletter.

AllwhobelieveinChristmustturn toHimforguidanceastowhatis rightandwhatiswrong.TheCatholicChurchteachesthatthemoral principlestaughtbyChristshouldgovernaman'swholeconduct,thatin every-daylifehisjudgmentsasto whatisrightandwrong,justandunjust,mustconformtotheseprinciples. Religionisnotsomethingthatbelongs toSundaymornings.ReligionisLIFE inallitsaspects,livedasGodIliinself taughtustoliveitwhenonearthas JesusChrist;religionisnottheopium ofthepeople,itisdynamic;ftisnot reactionary,itistheveryDRIVING forceofallhumanprogress.Ifmen wouldonlylistentotheCatholic Church,theywouldgetmuchnearer SocialJusticeandtheywouldbuilda farhappier,moreprosperous,Christian statethantheloud-mouthedadvocates ofCommunismcouldeverevenhope toachieve.ThankGodCommunism

TheResurrenion

"Moderation,"Claremont

Q.:"YouseemtoattachgreatimportancetotheResurrectionof Christ."

A,:Ido;Christianitymeansnothing withoutit.

Q.:"I itsaidthat-Christ's ResurrectionreallymeansthatHe livesintheheartofHisfollowers."

A.:Itisasadtact,thatsomemen whohavelosttheirbeliefinChrist havebeenpreachingthatsortofthing fromwhatwhereintendedtobeChristianpulpits.Itisnowonderthat theypreachtoemptyseats.Itwould bebetterforthemtobefrankandsay outrightthatChristwasafraud,or thatthegospelsaresomuchnonsense. Christmade'Hiswholerighttoahearingfrommendependonthefactthat Hewoulddosomethingquiteimpossibleforameremantodo,i.e,,rise physicallyfromthedead,anditwas onlybysorisingfromthedeadthat HehasjustifiedHisdemandformen's belief.Anymanwhowinstheaffectionofhis-fellow-menlivesonintheir hearts.Christdemandedassentto histeachingandobediencetoHis commandments;ifHehadnotfulfilled Hispromiseandriseninactualfact fromthedead,anysensiblemanwould regardHimasadeceiverandafraud.

Q.:"Notall-ChristiansbelievethatHe reallycamebacktolife."

A.:Nobodycanstopamancalling himselfaChristian,butamanwhodeniesthatChristrosephysicallyfrom thedeadandcallshimselfafollower ofChrist,isjustplayingwithwords. HisclaimtobeaChristianislikethat ofthemanwhoboastedthathewas thetallestdwarfintheworld.

Q.:"Idon'tseewhyyoucan'taccept theGospelsasyourguideinlife withoutbelievingthatJesuscame backtolife."

A.:TheGospelswouldbeapoor guideinlifeiftheirwholeteaching werecentredroundagrossfalsehood; outthewholeteachingoftheGospels iscentredroundthefactthatChrist rosefromthedead.Thereforeeither Christdidrisefromthedeadorthe Gospelsareauselessguide.TheGospelsarequiteclear;theytellusthat ChristforetoldthatHewouldbecrucifiedandthatonthethirddayafterHis deathHewouldrisefromthedead, TheynarratehowHewascrucifiedand diedonthecross,andhow-inorder tomakesurethatHewasdead-one oftheexecutionersranalanceinto Hisside.Hisdeadbodywasthen

*theCatholicAnswer

isnottheonlyalternativetothestatus quo. ButImustgetbacktothepoint. Thequestionofstrikesistopicaland serious,andIwantyoutounderstand clearlyjustwheretheCatholicChurch standsonthematter.

Arestrikesjustifiedornot?Oncertainconditions,yes.Andtheseconditionsare:(1)Ailothermeansofsettlingthedisputemusthavebeentried invainbeforethestrikeweaponmay beresortedto.Whichmeansthata strike,becauseofitsseriousconsequences,mustbecalledonlyasalastresort;(2)workersmaystrikeonlyfor somethingtowhichtheyhaveastrict rightinjustice-forexampleaminimumjustwage(providedthatitcould bepaid),reasonableworkinghours, properworkingconditions,ortheopportunitytoattendtoreligiousduties: (3)theremustbeaproperproportion betweenthegoodwhichisbeingsought andtheevilthatwillbecausedbythe strike;(4),themeansusedincarrying onthestrikemustbelawful;(5),there mustbeareasonablehopeofsuccess. Thatisyouranswerinanutshell,but really,todojusticetoCatholicteachin4inthismattereachoftheconditionsIhavejustmentionedshouldbe amplifiedwithanexplanation.Anyhow,Non-Striker,ifthisanswerisnot adequate,youcanstrikeagainwhile theironishot.

takenfromthecross,andlaidina tomb.TheRomanGovernorhadthe tombsealed,andsoldiersweresetto guardit.Whenthetombwasthrown openonthethirdday,itwasempty. ItwasemptybecauseChristhadfulfilledHispromise;Hehadre-assumed Hisbodyandwasonceagainalive. TheGospelsgoontotellushowChrist showedHimself,aliveandintheflesh, toagreatnumberofHisfollowers.It isquitetruethatChristdidnotchoose topresentHimselfbeforetheRoman GovernorandtheJewishjudgeswho putHimtodeath.Suchanaction wouldhavebeenquiteoutofkeeping withallChristtaught.Henever soughtworldlytriumphoverHisenemies.JustasHehadrefusedtocome downfromthecrosswhenHewas tauntedwiththecry,"LettheChrist comedownfromthecross,"so,after -HisResurrection,HewouldnotparadeHisvictorybeforethesemen.But HegavesufficientproofoftheResurrectiontosatisfythemindofanysincereman;itwasnotHiswilltomake thefactofHisResurrectionsoobvious thatevenevilmenbecoercedintoadmittingit.Theevidenceofthefact wasabundant,butthen,asnow, Christwilledtomakeitpossiblefor menofevildispositiontofindsome dishonestevasionofthetruth.Idon't wantyoutothinkIsaythatevery manwhodoesnotbelieveinChrist's Resurrectionisdishonest;hemay,for instance,beentirelyignorantofthe evidenceforit;butIdosaythis,that theonlythingthatcanpreventaman whoexaminestheevidencefromadmittingtheFACTisthewillnotbebelieve.ChristwouldnotFORCEthe humanmindtoadmitHisclaims.He saidtoHisfollowers:"Ihavenotcalledyouslaves,butIhavecalledyou friends"

Q.:"Anywayhowcanweknownow thatChristreallycamebaskto life?'.

A.:Ihavealreadyshownthatthe NewTestamentisareliablehistorical document.IttellshowChristleft abundantproofofHisResurrection. WhatHedidwasthis:Heshowed Himself,atfrequentintervals,overa periodoffortydays,toagreatnumberofpeople,andespeciallytothemen whomHehadchosentobetheofficial witnessesofHisResurrection,i.e.,to theofficialsofHisChurch-theApostles.St.Paulgivesanaccountof theseofficialmanifestationsofChrist. ItbeginswithChrist'sappearanceto Peter,whomPaulsignificantlycallsby

thenameKephaorRock.Thenhe recordsanappearancetotheApostles togetherwithPeter."Afterthat," continuesPaul,"Heappearedtomore than500brethrenatonce,mostof whomstillsurvive."Lastly,HeappearedtoPaulandrebukedhimfor persecutingtheChurch.Paul'sown commentonallthisis:"IfChristis notrisen,ourpreachingisindeeduseless;andyourfaithisuselesstoo"

Q.:"EvenifJesusdidcommunicate withHisfollowersafterHisdeath, howcanweknowthatHewasbodily alive?"

A.:TheGospelaccountisquiteclear: AfterHisResurrection,Christ'sbody wasnolongerstil,jecttothelimitations thatrestrictthemottementofmanin

hisordinaryearthlycondition,butit wasthesamebodyashadhunglifelessonthecrossandbeenlaidinthe tomb.OurLordinvitedHisApostles totouchHimandseethatHisbody wasreal.Heshowedthemthewounds inHishandsmadebythenailsand thewoundmadebythelanceinHis side,HeespeciallyinvitedtheApostle Thomastofeelthem.Hereclinedat tablewiththeApostles,atewiththem, andspoketothemintheoldfamiliar way.ButreadtheGospelforyourself,andseeifitleavestheleastroom fordoubt.

Finally,Iwillsaythis.Thewhole ofChristianitydependsontheResurrectionofChrist;doyoureallythink thatthewholehistoryofChristianity andofallthenoblethingsthathave beendone,andofthenoblelivesthat havedrawntheirinspirationfromthe risenChrist-doyoureallythinkthat itdependsonagrossfraud?Itcertainlydependsonbeliefinthephysical ResurrectionofChrist.

MarriageOutsidetheChurch

Nowthenextisasignedletterwhich Iintendtoregardasanonymous.I hopethatthewriterislistening.The letterruns:-

'MyfatherisaRomanCatholic,my motheranon-Catholic,marriedin theAnglicanChurch.Isittruethat inyourChurchthatisnotconsideredalegalmarriage,andthatIwould beclassedasnotlegitimate?"

Well,firstofall,I.amaCatholic priest,notanecclesiasticalcourt,and itdoesnotbelongtomyprovincetodecideaquestionofthiskindconcerning aparticularmarriage-norwoulditbe justformetogiveevenanopinionon itsvaliditywithoutfirstbeingfully cognisantofallthecircumstances.So Ishallanswerthequestioningeneral, withoutanyreferencetothisparticular case.

Q.:Yousay"myfatherisaRoman Catholic,mymotheranon-Catholic, marriedintheAnglicanChurch.Is ittruethatinyourChurchthatis notconsideredalegalmarriage."

A.AmarriagecontractedbyaCatholicinanon-Catholicchurchisvalidin thecivillawofAustralia.Itwould neverberightforaCatholictocontract suchamarriage,andinpracticesuch marriagesareinvalidinthesightof God.SinceChristraisedmarriageto thestatusofaChristianSacrament,no baptisedpersonsarecapableofmakingamarriage-contractwhichwillbe validinthesightofGodexceptby fulfillingtheconditionswhicharenecessaryforthereceptionoftheSacrament.Asaresult,thedivineprohibitionwhichbindsunmarriedpersonsto abstainfromintercoursecontinuesto binduntilsuchtimeastheyhavebeen unitedintheSacramentofMatrimony. Nocivilceremonycandomorethan givetobaptisedpersonsthecivilrights accordedbytheStatetothosewhom itregardsasmarried.TheChurchhas powerfromChristtopreventtheformingofthesacramentalcontractofmarriageundercertainconditions,andthe ChurchhasmadealawthataCatholic cannotvalidlymakethemarriage-contra,texceptinthepresenceofaPriest andtwowitnesses.Actually,itisnot thePriestwhoconferstheSacrament onthecontractingparties;theyconfer itononeanother,but,exceptinthe

casewhereitismorallyorphysically impossibleforthecontracttobemade inaccordancewiththislawandtheimpossibilityisofakindthatwillendure foramonth,thefailuretocomply withthislawrendersthemarriagenull andvoidinthesightofGod.

Butnotice,theChurchrecognisesas validthemarriagesDULYcontracted betweennon-Catholics,whetherthey arebaptisedornot.Inpracticethis meansthataconverttotheCatholic faithisheldboundtoamarriagethat hecontractedbeforehisconversionin aProtestantchurchoranywhereelse.

Thewholepurposeofthislawisto safeguardthesanctityofmarriageand toconsultthegoodofthosecontractingit.Thepowertomakethelaw comesfromChrist:Whatsoeverthou shaltbindonearthshallbeboundin heaven;whatsoeverrulinginmatters ofmoralconductandreligionyoushall makeonearthshallberatifiedbyGod. Allowingalwaysforthepossibilityof yourhavingomittedsomeextraordinarycircumstancethatwouldrenderit valid,Icanreplytoyourquestionby sayingthattheCatholicChurchwould declareamarriageofthekindyou mentionnullandvoidinthesightof God.Ofcourse,asIhavesaid,itis validincivillaw.

Thenextpartofyourquestionwould read:IsittruethatinyourChurch Iwouldbeclassedasnotlegitim ate?"

A.:Certainlynot.FromwhatI havesaidyouwilleasilyseethatthe wholeforceofthenullifyinglawis derivedfromtheauthorityofthe Church,andsofromChrist'sauthority. Now,thesameChurchwiththesame authorityhasdecreedthatchildren bornofaputativemarriagearelegitimate.Aputativemarriageisonewhich isinfactinvalid,butwhichisbelieved tobevalidbyatleastoneofthecontractingparties.Nodoubtatleast oneofthepartiestothemarriagementionedbelievedittobevalid,andso thechildrenarelegitimate.Ishould likeyoutonoticethatthereisnoquestionoflegalfictionastolegitimacyitisnotaquestionofpretendlnthat thechildrenofaputativemarriageare legitimate:thegoodfaithofthecontractingpartyisgenuineandsoisthe legitimacyofthechildren.

KnightsofColumbus

Listener,Wyalcatchem

Q.:Someonesaidtome,"Whatdoyou knowaboutthe'KnightsofColumbus'?Doyouknowtheoaththey takeattheirinitiation,Itisamost abominablethingandnodecentman couldpossiblytakeit,particularly myhusband,whohappenstobejust oneofthoseordinarysincereCatholics."Wouldyouanswerthisfor me.ThediscussionovertheKnights resultedfromthecirculationofa copyoftheoathamongtheworkmen intheMidlandWorkshops.

A.:Theoathyoumentionisamaliciousbutchildishforgery.Thatit couldnothaveanybindingforcefor aCatholicman,andthatconsequently

therewouldbenopointinanyone's tryingtopersuadeCatholicstotake itisobviousfromthefactthatthe oathincludesapromisetocommit sin;fortheCatholicChurchteaches thatanoathtocommitsinhasno bindingforcewhatever.Inpointof facttheKnightsofColumbushavea veryhighidealofChristianconduct andprivatelife.,

HelpusbuildupagreatChildren's Library.Don'tletthesilverfisheat uppagesofthatcharmingstorybook youhavefinishedwith.Senditin totheCentralCatholicLibrary,36 Pier-street,Perth.

Of

UnitedStatesandtheBalticQuestion

(TheattitudeofRussiatowardsthe BalticStatesmustbeoneofthemost delicateandimportantpointsinany postwarsettlement.SincetheUnited Stateswillplayaleadingpartinthe settlement,itisnecessarytokeep publicopinionherewellinformedon theBalticsituation.Thisarticlesuppliesmanygrimfactsfortherecord.Ed.)

AllthenationsengagedinthestruggleagainsttheNazisandtheirsatelliteshavegoodreasontohailtheRussiansuccesseswithjoy,andtohopefor theirfinalvictory.Thereforeitmust beamazing,ifnotshocking,tofinI thatinthisverycountryaremore thanamillionpeoplewhocannoteninv thisnewswithoutapprehensionT, hatunhappythrongbelongalmostall theAmericandescendantsofimmigrantsfromtheBalticcountries-Esthonia,LatviaandLithuania-who havecloserelativesstillaliveinthe landsoftheirancestors.Thecloser theRedarmiescometothebordersof thethreeStates,thegreatertheanxiety.Whatwillhappentotheirkinsfolk,andwhatfutureisinstorefor thesecountriesincaseofAlliedvictory?

Therearethreereasonsfortheir nxiety.

ACOMPACT, CONCISE, ACTIVESERVICE PRAYERBOOK

PaperCover 9d.

KhakiClothCover 2/-

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LeatherCover 4/6 (Postage,id.!

CompiledbyRev.G.Butler, M.S.C.,andpublishedbyauthorityoftheC.U.S.A..Queensland,thisnewprayerbookfor CatholicSoldiers,Sailorsand Airmenisthebestyetprinted formenintrainingandonacfiveservice.

ItcontainsthefullMass,all essentialprayersanddevotions andlistsspecialprivileges. Itoffers,aswell,manypagesof blunt,helpfulandsympathetic advicethatwillbewelcomed byeveryCatholicyoungman allina96-pagepocketsizebookonly41inchesdeep by3incheswide.

tirlIrgrini& 776HayStreet,Perth foppFoyG.GibsonI

GrimFactsfortheRecord

First,itisimpossibletobelievethat Moscowhasforgottentheprecipitous retreatofitsarmiesfromtheBaltic countries-especiallyfromLithuaniabecauseofthearmeduprisingoftheir populationsagainsttheRedoccupants attheoutbreakoftheRusso-German war.Moscowconsiderstheoppositionasanactoftreachery,andwill retaliateaccordingly,ifitisgivenan opportunity.Itwouldhevaintoprotestthattheuprisingswereinspired bytheterroristicregimeoftheCommunists,asmeasuresofpatrioticduty andself-defence.Anyoneacquainted withCommunisticmentalityknows whatrevengeisinstoreforthesepeoples,iftheRussiansshouldmarchinto thesecountriesoncemore.

Thesecondreasonfortheanxietyis graver,becauseitisfoundedupon documentaryevidenceandthesad knowledgethatMoscowhasnotonlya firmintention,butminutelyelaboratedplans,forwholesaledestructionof theBalticpeoples,bymeansofdeportationanddispersioninthewide wastesofSiberia.Thismaysound likeNazipropaganda,butitisnot.It isarealtragedy,whosefirstacthas beenalreadyenacted.Herearethe proofs:

Inspiteofallthathasbeensaidby CommunistpropagandistsaboutvoluntaryfederationoftheBalticRepublicswiththeU.S.S.R.,Moscowwell realisedthattheseliberty-lovingcountries,withtheirculturedpeoples, wouldneversubmitthemselvestoa stateofslavery.Therefore,itwasdecidedtosolvetheproblemoftheBalticStatesbyannihilationoftheir populations.

AsearlyasJuly7,1940,Moscow madeitsplans,andstartedtocarry themoutonthenightofJune14,1941. FollowingtheseizureoftheCommun isticofficesinLithuaniabytheinsurgentpopulation,cametolightaRed order:"InstructionforDeportationof Anti-SovietElementfromLithuania, Latvia.andEsthonia,"signedbyState SecurityVice-CommissarSerovofthe U.S.S.R.Thisdocumentispreserved intheLithuanianArchives,Vol.1,1942, andwasbroughttothiscountrytrya refugeelastsummer.ThewholevolumedealswiththeCommunistregime inLithuaniaContributorstothat documentofevidenceareLithuanian CatholicBishops,priests,andhonest country-lovinglaypeople,whoto-day arefightingtheNazioppressorsas theyresistedtheCommunists.Their integritycannotbequestionedThe

DelicateProblemof Post-WarSettlement

limitedspaceofthisarticleduesnot allowgivingthecontentsofthatdocumentinextenso,thoughitwouldbe veryinterestingandinstructivefor Americanstoknowhow"themostdemocraticregimeintheworld"deals withitsopponents.

The"Instruction"isheadedEya notewarningthatitmustbekeptabsolutelysecret.PartIcontainstheinformationthat"thedeportationofantiSovietelementsfromtheBalticcountriesisofgreatpoliticalimportance." Itmustbedonewithout"noise,"to avoidpanic,manifestationsorother disturbancesamongtheprospective exiles,aswellastheirrelativesand neighbours.ChaptersII.andIII.providetheofficialswithminutestdetails concerninginstructionoflocalParty members,meansoftransportation, routes,documentstobefurnishedfor eachofthedeportees.Allmustbe donewiththegreatestsecrecypossible.MostinterestingareChapters IV,V,andVII,concerningtheactual executionofdeportationorders.

Arrestofthepersonssubjectedto deportationmustheaccomplishedin

theearlymorninghours,justatdawn. Allthemembersofsucha"chosen' familymustbeassembledinoneroom, withprecautionstakentopreventall opposition.Acheck-upofthesick andabsentmembersmustbemade, andthewhereaboutsoftheabsentees ascertained.Thenthedeportation officersmustdemandsurrenderofall armsinpossessionofthevictims. Whetheranyweaponsaredeliveredor not,athoroughsearchforarmsmust bemadeofeachindividualandofthe premises.Afterthesearch,thefamily shallbetoldthat,byorderoftheGovernment,itwillberemovedtosome otherdistrictoftheSovietUnion.The

(ContinuedonPage16.)

VictimofRedsandNazisLithuania

(ContinuedfromPage15.)

exilesmaytakewiththemthefollowingarticlesoftheirhousehold,notexceeding,however,onehundredkilograms:clothing,footwear,linen,bedding,afewnecessarykitchenandtable utensils,foodsufficientforonemonth perfamily,theircash,andatrunkora boxforpackingofalltheaforesaidbelongings.Farmersareallowedtotake somesmallertools,axes,sawsandthe like.Allthesearticlesaretobeloadedintovehicles,undersupervisionof thepoliceCommissars.Allpersons whomighthappentodropintothe houseorbeintheneighbourhoodduringtheseoperationsmustbedetained andquestionedregardingtheirrelationswiththefamilydestinedfordeportation.Alldeportedfamiliesmust bebroughttotheappointedrailroad stationbeforenightfall;thereforeall thisactivitymustbeaccomplished withinthelimitsofafewhours,

Sincealargenumberoftheexiles willbearrestedandputintospecial concentrationcamps,whiletheir familieswillcontinuetheirvoyageto

specialanddistantlocalitiesprovidedfortheirsettlement,theseparationofthefamilymembersmustbe keptunknowntothemuntilthe verymomentofactualseparation. Forthisend,thedocumentsofthe headofthefamilyaretohefiled separatelyfromthepapersofthe rest.Thewholefamilyistobe broughttogethertotherailroadstation.Theseparationismadenow while"loading"thetrains,underpretext,thatthey(fathers)willhave separatewagonsforthemselves. Theirbelongingsmustbepacked separatelyfromthoseofthewhole family,underpretextthatmenmust undergoaspecialsanitaryinspection apartfromwomenandchildren.The railwaystationsandthetrainsareto beguardedbytheRedArmy.The loadedwagonsarethentobeclosed.

HopesandFears

Becauseitwouldhavebeendifficult tofindasingleLithuanianinterested inthefreedomofhiscountrywhohad noaffiliationwithsomeculturalor professionalorpoliticalorganisation,it isclearthattheultimategoalof,Moscowwastoexiletheentirenon-CommunisticLithuanianpopulation,to scatteritintheimmensewastesof Russiaandtomakeitdisappearby absorption.

N11158

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SON&CO.

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190ALBANYROAD, VICTORIAPARK.

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OrderNumber0054,issuedNovember23,1940,tellswhoaretobeconsideredas"theanti-Sovietelement," andsubjecttodeportation.Theyare allthemembersoftheformerLithuanianpoliticalparties:allthemembers oftheculturalorprofessionalorganisations:alltheprivatesandofficersof theLithuanianarmedforces-even thoseretired:alltheformerVeterans whofoughtforLithuanianindependencein1918:allthemembersofthe semi-militaryorganisationcalled"Sauliaror"TheHunters":allbusinessmen andmanufacturers,allthosewhomade tripsabroadandthosewhohaveany relativesoracquaintancesliving abroad:allthoseconnectedinanyway withtheLithuaniannationalpress(all theeditors,reporters,contributorsto papersandmagazines);allthemembersandofficersoftheRedCross: philatelists,Esperantists,andman, others.

ForLongWear UseOnly

"Gibsonia" Wools...

Thefirstactofthistragedytook placeintheearlymorningofJune14, 1941. ThousandsofSovietdeportationofficialsrushedintothehomesof thestillsleepingpeopleoftheBaltic countries.Tensofthousandsofhelpless,bewilderedmen,women,children wereherdedintotrucks,loadedinto cattle-wagons(uptosixtypersonsper car),sealedthere,withoutwater, withoutthemostprimitivesanitation facilities.Husbandsweretakenaway fromtheirwivesandchildren;very oftenchildrenseparatedfrombothof theirparents.Theaccountsofeyewitnessestellusofsceneswhichcould hesurpassedonlybythatoftheLast Judgment.

Thenamesofmorethan12,000ofthe exiledreachedthiscountry.They werecompiledbytheLithuanianRed CrossfromthefilesofCommunistprisonsaftertheinvadersleftthecountry.Weknowthattheselistsareincomplete,becausetheNazisstopped furtherinvestigationandpublication cifthecollecteddata.Amongthefirst deportedtoSiberiawastheformerPresidentofLithuania,Mr.Alexander Stulginskas,alsomanyformerMinisters ofStateandotherhighofficials,professors,teachers,farmers.students, labourers.

Withsuchdocumentaryproofat hand,andwithsuchrecentmemoryof terror,howcouldaLithuanian,LatvianorEsthonianrejoiceoverRussian successes?TheseBalticpeopleknow thedoomoftheircountriesandof theirkinsfolkwassignedlongagoin Moscow.Eversincethesigningof theAtlanticCharter,Stalinhastime andagainmadeclaimstotheBaltic countries,haspromisedtheir"liberation."TheAlliedGovernmentshave

RandolphKnapp (W.A.O.A.)

SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN, 12ATWELLARCADE, FREMANTLE.

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Albany,Mt.Barker,Denmarkand Districts,

notprotestedtheseclaims.They ratherfounda"happysolution"of thisproblem:postponementuntilafter thewar.Yes,Ibelieve,incaseof theRussianvictory,therewillbeno moreBaltic"problem." Therefore,thethirdreasonforthe anxietyofalltheBalticpeoplesisthe attitudeoftheAlliedGovernments. TheBalticpeoplesarenotallowedto organisetheirGovernments-in-Exile. ThePresidentofLithuania,nowliving intheUnitedStates,mustkeepsilent. TheBalticpeoplesarenotallowedto organisetheirdivisionstofightonthe sideoftheAllies,astheNorwegians, Austrians,andothersaredoing.Even thementionofLithuania,Latvia,and Esthonia,inhighofficialpoliticalcircles,issaidtobe"tabu.'BypressurefromRussianofficials,theBaltic nationswereexcludedfromtheparade ofsuppressednationsinNewYork, onFlagDay,1942.Theonlyhope giventhusfaristheattitudeofthe UnitedStatesGovernmentwhich,to date,hasnotrecognisedRussian claimstotheBalticcountries;andthe manystatementsmadebythePolish Government-in-Exile,thattheBaltic countriesmustremainindependent afterthewar.Noothersignspromise anyfutureforthesethreecountries.

DearMr.andMrs.America:Doyou understandwhysomanyAmerican heartsarebeingtorturedwithanxiety whilereadingthe"goodnewsabout. Russianvictories"?-"America."

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Bushies'Corner

DearCornerites,-

NextTuesday,May4,istheFeastof St.Monica,themotherofSt.Augustine. Shelivedaverylongtimeago,dear children,intheyear332A.D.Asa child,theloveofJesuswasstrongin her,andeveryactionwasaprayerto God.Youknowthatyoucouldbe likeSt.Monicainthatrespect.God knowsthatwecan'tbeprayingtoHim allthetime,butwecanofferallour actionsupasprayerstoHim,and then,why,we'llfindthatwehardly evercommitasin.St.Monicawas giveninmarriagetoPatritius,apagan, andsheatoncedevotedherselftohis conversion,andherprayersandher goodexamplewereatlastrewarded whenshesawhimbaptisedayearbeforehisdeath.Herson,Augustine, however,causedheragreatdealofsadnessbecauseofhiscarelessnesswith regardtotheFaith,andthewildlife heled.ButSt.MonicaknewthatGod wouldanswer,andthroughherlong, wearyyearsofwaitingshedidnot despair.Shefollowedhersonto Italy,andtherebyhismarvellousconversion,hersorrowwasturnedtojoy. Hermissioninlifewasnowfinished, andhersonwastobecomeoneofthe 4reatestSaintsandDoctorsofthe Church.Afewdaysafter,shehadan attackoffeveranddied,intheyear 387.Now,dearCornerites,youcan seethatprayerwillaccomplishall Ilithings,ifourconfidenceinGoddoes notwaver.JesuslovesustoaskHim forfavours,andtotellHimthatwe haveperfecttrustandconfidencein Him.

AUNTBESSY.

* * *

Kalgoorlie.

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindenclosedpostalnotefortenshillings,for theBushies,inhonouroftheLittle Flower.From AGRATEFULMOTHER.

DearGratefulMother,-Onceagain youhavecometoourCornerwitha "LittleFlower-inhonouroftheLittle Flower.Maysheevercontinueto showerhersweetestbloomsonyoufor yourfaithfulnesstoher.AUNTBESSY.

* * *

DearDora,-ThePrickCard*and2/6 cametohandto-day.TheBushies jumpforjoyeverytimeanyofthe 414littleCorneritesaskforaprickcardto fillin. AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Withbestwishes forahappyEaster,andtoshowI've notquiteforgottentheBushies.From THEOLDGREYCAT.

DearOldGreyCat,-Thanksforthe goodwishesforEaster;theBushies sendyoutheirbestwishes,too,althoughitisalittlelate.Weknew youwouldn'tforgetus.Ihaveheard ofquiteanumberofCatswhocouldn't belost,andIthinktheOldGreyCat mustbeone.However,whengifts likeyoursturnupwiththesecatswe don'tmindintheleast.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Thisisalittle EasterGiftfortheBushies.From "NONAME."

DearNoName,"-Yourlittle"Easter Gift"wasaverywelcomeonetothe Bushies,andweallhopeyouhada veryhappyandholyEaster.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

PalaceofHome,SweetHome, OsbornePark.

DearAuntBessy,-Itisagessince youheardfromme.Ihavenotforgottenyou.Jim,Mary,andRayof Sunshinesendbestwishes.Please sendmefourprickcardsandI'llgive themoneeachtofill.Kindregards. FromyouroldKing, KEVINO'DOHERTYWATERS.

DearKevin-Ireceivedyourever welcomeletterafewdaysbackand wasverypleasedtohearyouhavenot forgottenus.ThankJim,Mary,and Rayfortheirgoodwishes.Ihave sentyoutheprickcardsandIhope yourthreelittlefriendswillhelpyou tofillthem.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindenclosed10s.,inhonourofSt.Joseph. From AFRIENDOFTHEBUSHIES.

DearFriendoftheBushies,-Ihave receivedyourverygenerousgiftfor theBushies,inhonourofSt.Joseph, andweallhopeandprayhewillrewardyouwithfurtherfavoursforyour generosity.

AUNTBESSY, * * * VictoriaPark.

DearAuntBessy,-Iamreturning cardsandmoneytoyou.Grandma andmyauntieshelpedustofillinthe prickcards.AnneandMaria,mytwo sisters,willsoonbehome.Wewill thenhavegoodfun,asbrotherDenisis stillnotverybig,buthedoesalotof talkingandpullsmyhair,andifIam notverycarefulhegivesmeanicelittlebitewithhislittlesharpteeth. Still,AuntBessy,Ilovehim,asheis adearlittlechap.Iwillwriteagain oneday.Withlovefrom

DAVIDANDDENISGRANT.

DearDavidandDenis,-Thecards andmoneyreachedmeto-day,andI amverypleasedthatyourgrandma andauntieshelpedtofillthemin. Yourbabybrothermustgiveyouabad time,butIamgladtohearthatyou lovehiminspiteofallhedoestoyou. Pleasedowriteagain,astheCorner welcomeseveryone. AUNTBESSY.

Sandstone.

DearAuntBessy,-Thisismyfirst lettertoyou,andIwouldliketojoin yourCorner.Iamsendingyou2/6 fortheBushies,andwouldlikeyou tosendmeaprickcard.Iwillclose, Fromyourlovingniece, MAMEMORRIS.

DearMarie,-Iwasverypleasedto receiveyourletterandalthoughitwas yourfirstitwasverygood.Thank youverymuchforyour2/6forthe card. AUNT Ihavesentyouaprick AUNTBESSY.

* * Namban,Brookmeyer.

DearAuntBessy,-Thisismyfirst lettertoyou.Itwon'tbeaverylong one.Iamjustwritingtoletyou knowthatIamsendingyousomeold stampsandhopetheywillreachyou safely.Iamnineyearsoldandam inthirdstandard.IgototheNam. banStateschool.Thereareon'v twelvegoingtotheschool.Imust closenow.InmynextletterIwill tellyouallaboutourfamily.From BERYLFITZGERALD.

DearBeryl,-Iwasverypleasedto receiveyourfirstletter,althoughitwas notalongone.Thestampshavenot arrivedyet,butIexpecttheywillturn up.Nowthatyouaregrowingabig girlandyouareinthirdstandard,we willbeexpectingtohearfromyou againsoon.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * * Rocklands,viaGoomalling.

DearAuntBessy,-Iamanadmirer ofyourBushies'Scheme,andalsohave thepleasureofknowingthatsomeof mygrandchildrenbenefitfromit. I havemuchpleasureinsendingyouten shillingstohelpfilltheLemonadeBottle.-Ibegtoremain,yourssincerely, E.M.LEESON.

DearE.M.Leeson,-Ionlywish thereweremoreadmirersofour Scheme.Thankyouverymuchfor thetenshillings,andIcanassureyou thatyourBushiegrandchildrenwill benefitfromit.Ifalltheirgrand. parentswoulddothesameforthem theLemonadeBottlewouldbefullin notime.

AUNTBESSY, * * * * Balbarrup.

DearAuntBessy,-IhavebeenreadingyourBushies'Pageforalongtime, andwouldliketojoinyou.Please wouldyousendmeaprickcard?We gotoaStateschoolhere,andwelive milesfromthenearestConvent.We aregoingintotheBusbies'schoolvery shortly.Ihavebeenintherebefore. Iamlookingforwardtogoing,and mybrotherPhilisgoinginforthe firsttime.-Yourstruly, PAULLIDDELOW.

DearPaul,-WearedelightedtowelcomeyoutotheCornerandtosupply youwithaprickcard.ItisunfortunatethatyoulivesofarfromaConvent,butyouareveryluckytobe abletogotoaBushies'School.I hopeyourlittlebrotherPhilwilllikeit asyoudo. AUNTBESSY.

Highgate.

DearAuntBessy,-AlltheS.H.PrimaryInfantswishyouaveryholyand happyEaster.Wearesosorrywe cannotsendyouanEasteregg,because theshopshaven'tgotany.Wehope bynextEasterthewarwillbeover. Didyoureadallourletterswesent you?Wehopeyoulikedthem.Goodbye.From THEPRIMARYINFANTS.

DearPrimaryInfants,-Thankstoall theSacredHeartPrimaryInfantsfor theirgoodwishes.YourEastereggs wouldhavebeenverymuchappreciated,butifyousaylotsofprayersfor theBushiestheywillacceptthemas Eastereggs.Alltheletterswerevery nice,andwearelookingforwardto hearingfromyouagainsoon.

AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-IwishYouavery happyEaster,andalltheBushies.I hopeyougetalotofpennies.Weare havingourholidaysfortwoweeks.We hadourschoolexaminationlastweek, andtheinspectorsaidhewaspleased withus.Withlotsoflove,From MARYHAYES.

DearMary,-Thankyouforyour Eastergreetings,andtheBushieswish youthesame.Thankstothegeneros- ityoftheCornerites,wehavequitea numberofpenniesintheLemonade Bottle,butitcouldholdagreatmany more.Iamverygladtheinspector waspleasedwithyourwork,andI hopeyouenjoyyourholidaysafterall theworkyoudidfortheexamination.

AUNTBESSY.

Highgate.

DearAuntBessy,-Wearehaving ourholidays,soIamwritingyoua lettertowishyouahappyEasterfrom alltheboys.Wehavebeengathering upsomepenniesforyou,andwhenI getaprickcardMummywillhelpme tofillitup.Daddyisstillincamp. HelovesbabyDorothy,andbringsherchocolates,soMummygivesusall some.WegotalotofEastereggs lastyear,butnowwecan'tgetany. Ilovereadingthelettersin"TheRecord."IamgoingtoHolyCommuniononEasterSunday,soIwillpray foryou.Sistergavemeanewprayer bookforbeinggood.Goodbyeanda happyEaster.From,

PETERLEE.

DearPeter,-Itwasveryniceofyou togiveupsomeofyourholidaytimeto writetotheCorner.Iamverypleasedtoknowyouhavebeengathering yourpenniesfortheLemonadeBottle, andyourMummyisverykindtohelp you.Yourlittlesisterisverylucky tobeabletohavesomanychocolates. isn'tshe?Ihopeyoudidsaysome prayersforuswhenyoureceived HolyromuniononEasterSunday.

AUNTBESSY

Booksandmagazinesforthetroops maybeleftat"TheRecord"Office, 450Hay-street,Perth,fordistribution bytheC.W.O.

Itiearebeingconstantlytoldthat thiswarisoneofmechanisation.In anageofmachineryitisnotstrange thatthisdescriptionshouldbeacceptedwithoutquestion.Inthelastwar LloydGeorgemadetheassertionthat thecountrywhichhadthemostmoney wouldwin,andhesaidthisrather boastfully.Itwouldperhapssound somewhatcrudetomakethatstatementatthepresentmoment.

Thedescriptionofthewarasmechanicalisahalftruth,writesEdward HawkesintheLondon"WeeklyReview."Iditishorriblytruethat thecountrythatproducesthegreatest numberofweaponshasthebestchance towin,itisalsotruethatmenare necessarytousethem.Moneycannotbuymachinesifthereisnoone tomakethem;andmachinesdonot runofthemselves.

Thereisasenseinwhichmanpower ismorenecessaryinwarthanitever was,becausethecomplexityofthe struggleneedsahigherefficiencyto Airstit Althoughthebattlehas notalwaysgonetothebiggestbattalions,buttothebravest,thekeenest, andthebestorganisation,yetthefundamentalneedofwarismanpower.

Whereisthemanpowercoming from?Thisisalreadyaproblemfor thebelligerents.Therewillcomea timewhenthelimitisreached:when therearejustsomanyworkersto equipjustsomanysoldiers.Wemay

TheCase

beabletoturnoutourtanks,likeautomobiles,butmentaketwentyyears togrow,andskilledworkerstakestill longertoproduce.

ThecaseofAustraliaisagoodexampleofthedifficulty.Itisasking formen.ItwantsmenfromCanada andfromtheUnitedStates.Thereasonisevident.Hereyouhavea wholecontinentwhichhasonlya smallpopulation.

Itwasalwaysso.Whenitwasdiscovereditwasalmostuninhabited. Thefewthousandaboriginescould neverhaveprotectedthemselvesfrom aggressionifsomeneighbouringrace hadthoughtitworthitswhiletoattackthem.

Thattheswarmingpeopleofthe islandstothenorthdidnotthinkit wasprofitabletodosoissomewhat mysterious.Javahas30,000,000people;theotherDutchislandshavetwice asmanymore;India,ChinaandJapan arealsointhepicture.Yetduringthe centuriestherewasnomovementtowardsAustralia,fortheblackmenof thegreatcontinentareasdistinctive astheyarefew.

DecreaseinBirthRate.

WhitemenhavebeeninAustralia foroveronehundredyears.They

U.S.Vice-PresidentDeclaresAgainst

CommunismandFascism

Inanoutspokenaddressdelivered atDelaware,Ohio,theVice-President oftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,Mr. H.A.Wallace,discussedtheChristian basesofaWorldOrderattheOhio WesleyanUniversity.

Itisrareenoughforanyprominent statesmentocometogripswithfundamentalissues,butVice-President facedthefactsofthepresent worldsituationsofranklythatFascists andCommuniststhroughouttheworld havesuddenlybecomealarmed.

IfVice-PresidentWallacehashis way,UnitedStatesforeignpolicywill bedirectedagainsttheextensionofirreligioussystemsbasedonNaziorBolshevikdoctrine.TheVice-President affirmedasthebasicdogmaofpolitical thinkingtheFatherhoodofGodand thebrotherhoodofman.

Religionand,inparticular,Christianity,proclaimedthedoctrineofthe dignityoftheindividualhumansoul andthedutyimposedbyGodonall mentobegoodneighbourstoeach other.

ChristianEducationEssential.

Hedeclaredthisdogmatocutclean acrossthedoctrineofinternational warpreachedbythePrussiansandthe doctrineofcivilandclasswarenunciatedbyMarxists.

ToresistNaziaggression,theUnited Stateshadtowagewar,butMr.Wallacepointedoutthat,astheNazi

Armywasthespecialcreationofthe UnchristianNazieducationsystem,it wouldbenecessaryforChristiandemocratstoestablishinGermanythe elements o: aChristianDemocratic Germancommunity.

TheVice-Presidentwasequallyrigid inhisstricturesofCommunism.As theleadingtenetsofCommunismwere notacceptabletoChristiandemocrats, heinvitedtheBolshevikstoreach somesatisfactoryunderstandingwith theWesterndemocraciesbeforethe endofthepresentconflict.

Ifthatunderstandingwerenot reached,heforesawthepossibilityof RussiaandGermanymakingcommon causeagainsttheWestandtheinevitabilityofathirdworldwar.

TestofDemocracy.

HeintimatedthateffectiveresistancetoCommunismintheUnited StatesdependedontheabilityofdemocracynottoletChristianitydown.

Thedemocracieshadtoresistselfish pressuregroupsandbemuchmore efficientinservingthecommonman byexpandingproductionandfurnishingfullemployment.

Itshouldnowbeobvioustoourown politiciansthat,whiletheUnited StatesisouttobeatHitlerismandto ensurethelibertiesofBritain,Russia andAustralia,itwillundernocircumstancesbeapartytotheextensionof anydictatorialorCommunistregime.-"TheCatholicWorker."

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ofAustraliaisa . .CaseinPoint

havemadeitoneoftherichestcountries,relatively,intheworld,butthe populationisstillsmallandtheimmigrationofcolouredracesisprohibited. Surelythiswasafavouredspot,where thereisnoexcusefordisobedienceto thecommandoftheBible:"Increase andmultiplyandreplenishtheearth. Therewasplentytoeatandeverykind ofnaturalwealth.Indeed,thereis onlyonethingthatAustralianeeds, andthatismanpower.

Herearesomefigurestoshowthat thislackis,inagreatmeasure,dueto thefloutingofGod'slaws.Duringthe tenyears,1921-32,fewermalechildren wereborninthepreviousdecadetothe amazingnumberof180,000.In1914 thebirthratewas17.44perthousand; in1938itwas7.83!

AtthemomentAustraliaisfacing acrisis.Thelostbabiesrepresentnine fullarmydivisions,ortwiceasmany soldiersasfoughtfortheircountryin thelastwar.Thetotalpopulation nowishardly8,000,000.Thisisasmall figurewhenplacedbesidetheteeming millionsinthecountriestothenorth. Thecrisiswillnotbesettledbyavictoryinthepresentwar.Thereisa vacuuminAustraliathatwilltempt aggressioninthefuture.

Therehasbeenforseveralgenerationsacomfortablefeelingthatthe

whitemenhadarighttotheworkui thevastmultitudesofcooliesofvariousraces.Doubtlessthecondition oftheseraceswasimprovedinmany ways.Therewassomeconsciousness ofwhatwascalledthewhiteman's burden.Thatthewhiteman'sburden mightbecomethewhiteman'speril wasnotthoughtof.

InevitableFinalResult.

Itisthoughtofnow.Theinvinci bilityofthefleetsoftheUnitedStates andBritainisnolongercertain.The Easthaslearnteverythingfromus butthereligionthatweprofess.It isbecomingeducatedinourownway ofthinkinganditwantstoshareinour privileges.

But,aboveall,ithasmanpower. Thatisthepotentialitythatcannotbe denied.Itmaytakealongtime,but thefinalresultseemstobeinevitable.

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FrenchBishopsPrevailinAnti-JewishLawsQuestion

VaticanCity.

AcommoninterpretationinVatican circlesoftherecentconversationsbetweenMarshalPetainandTheirEminencesEmanuelCardinalSuhard,Arch-

CARDINALGERLIER.

bishopofParis,andPierreCardinal Gerlier,ArchbishopofLyons,isthat theregimeoftheagedMarshalismost anxioustodissipatetheimpression thataconflictbetweenChurchand StateexistsinFranceasaresultof theanti-Jewishmeasuresadoptedby theGovernment.

Thisviewiswidelyheld,whilethere hasbeennoevidenceinVaticancircles toconfirmtheassertionsinsome

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Frenchpublicationsthattheconversationswereevidenceofanevolutionin therelationsbetweenChurchandState inFranceandthepreludetoanew status,evenanewConcordatbetween theHolySeeandtheFrenchGovernment.

BishopsDefendMan'sRights. Vaticancirclespointtothepowerfulimpressionmadebytheresolute standoftheFrenchBishopsindefenceoftheelementalrightswith whichGodhasendowedman,when theVichyregimeissueditsanti-Semiticmeasures.

Asaconsequence,theGovernment modifieditsanti-Jewishpolicyand shortlythereafterbothCardinals-

CARDINALSUHARD.

spiritualleadersoftheOccupiedand thenUnoccupiedFrance-madedeclarationsoutliningthedutiesofcititheirloyaltytothecivilauthority,butCardinalSuhardstressed-andCardinal Gerlierunderscoredthestatement-

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thatsuch''doesnotimplythatthe teachingauthorityoftheChurch,is

subordinatedtotheestablishedcivil powernorthatintheexerciseofour pastoralofficewearethemouthpiece oftheGovernment."

Vaticancirclesareabletoseea symbolicre-establishmentofthemoral unityofFranceinthevisitofthe CardinalstoMarshalPetain,butthey pointoutitisquiteclearthatinthis reconciliationtheChurchisdetermined tosacrificenoneofherlibertyorindependence.

AletterfromaFrenchProtestant publishedinthe"JournaldeGeneve," Geneva,assaysthesituationand praisestheFrenchBishopsfortheirattitudeinrelationtotheirco-operation withtheVichyGovernmentandfor theirinsistenceonthelimitswithin whichthisco-operationmustbeconfined.Thewriterstatestheexperienceofthelast30yearsinFrancehas madeclearthatdiscordbetweenthe respectivespheresofthespiritualand temporalpowersmustbeavoidedat allcosts.

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CardinalVanRoey'sAddress

(ContinuedfromFrontCover.)

amidtheiceofthenorthorthetorrid heatoftheEquator,buttherearesituationstowhichhecannotadapthimselfbutdiesofasphyxiation.Hecan adapthisorganismtocertainalimentaryregimens,butheseestoitthatthey arenotthekindthatwouldkillhim.

SeeksMostFavourableRegimen.

"TheChurchknowsregimenswhich inanabsolutemannerrespectliberty, thelawsofconscienceandtherightsof theChurch,andotherswhichareless favourablebuttolerable.Shedesires themostfavourableregimenandthat atholicsstrivetowardsthisend.It isgravelyillicitforCatholicstocollaborateintheintroductionintoacountryofaregimenthatpersecutesand oppressestherightsoftheChurch.On theotherhand,Catholicsarerequired todowhattheycansothattheregimenwhichtheChurchmustaccept shallbemostfavourabletoherspiritual action.

"Thereisanotheropinion,Somesay thataregimenmoreorlessrestrictive ofherrightswouldbebadforthe Church.Infacttheyaffirmthat'the clergy,priests,ReligiousandtheEpiscopate,havesometimesoverstepped theirrights,havedeviatedfromtheir mission.'TheChurch,'theycontinue, 'hasnomissionotherthanthis:tolead soulstosalvation.Sheoughtnotto withlife.Theclergy oughtnottobebusyoutsidetheir churches:theclergy'splaceisatthe altar,intheconfessional,inthepulpit -andeventhere,withsomerestrictions.ThesphereoftheChurchisto teachtheFaith,toadministertheSacraments,toholdservices;andallelse ispoliticalCatholicism.Sowhilewe havearegimenthatlimitstheinitiative oftheEpiscopateandtheclergy,restrictingtheirinfluence,theevilcannot beverygravesinceitisinconformity withthewordsofOurLord'Render, therefore,toCaesarthethingsthatare Caesar's.andtoGodthethingsthat areGod's."Thatmeanstosay,rendertotheStatethethingsthatare theState'sandtoGod'chatisGod's. Lettheclergykeepbusyinthereligiousfieldandnotmeddleinthefieldof theState'

"Whatisthereplytothis?

"Itmustbesaidthatweacceptin itsentiretythewordofOurLord.The Churchhasalwaysupheldthisprin. ciple:butevidentlythereisneedofits beingunderstoodproperly.

SacredDeposit.

"Accordingtothismaxim,the Churchclaimsforherselfthatwhich belongstoGod,NowthatwhichbelongstoGodisevidentlytheGospel andalltheGospel;andthetruthcontainedintheGospel.allthetruthcontainedintheGospel;andthemoralsof theGospel,allthemoralsoftheGospel.OurLordentrustedtothosewho representtheChurchthemissionof teachingthistruthandthesemorals tomen.Hebequeathedthissacred deposittotheChurchsothatshemight preserveitintactanddefenditagainst thosewhowoulddiminishit.Thereforeitisnottruethatthesphereof theChurchislimitedtoworshipand theadministrationoftheSacraments Sheispledgedfurthertotheteaching ofallGospeltruth,ofallGospel morals.

"ItshouldbeaddedthattheChurch hastherighttodothiswithallthe Doyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?Make aregularannualcontributiontohelp anindigentstudent.

naturalmeans,thatiswithallthe meansplacedbytheCreatoratthe dispositionofmankind.Whyshould therebemeansbelongingtonatureit selfofwhichtheChurchshallnothave theuse?Thisisessential.Moden inventionsinthenaturalorderareno exceptiontothisrule;theymustbe atthedispositionofall,oftheChurch aswellastheState.Itisnotonly oralteaching,butthewrittenword, particularlythePress,whichmustbe atthedispositionofCatholicsnoless thannon-Catholics.Andtheradiotheworddisseminatedthroughthe ether;andthecinemaand,generally teachinginscholasticinstitutionsand allthatteachingcomprises.Allthis theChurchdemandsforherself,and thisisnotpoliticalCatholicism.

"TheChurchhasnotonlythemissiontocelebrateMass,toadminister theSacramentsandtoassurepreachingofthewordofGod,butshehas also,withparents,themiss'ciiofthe ,cholasti:andmoraleducationc,f youth.Shehastherighttodefend theFaithandmoralsagainstevery hostilepropaganda.

"Catholicshavetherighttoproclaim,toteach,todefendandtopracticetheCatholicreligionandCathoiic principlesinallfields,notonlyindividuallybutalsofromthefamilyviewpoint,intheState.inpublicluteand internationallife,ar.dwithallthe meansplacedatthedispositionof man.

MissionoftheChinch

"\1-hentheytalkaboutpoliticalCatholicism,whataretheyaimingat? Catholicworks,perhaps?Orperhaps Catholiceducation'Butthesebelong totheverymissionoftheChurch.She willneverrenouncethisright.The Churchhastherighttoseethatin institutionswheretheprofanesciences aretaught,theatmosphereisgoodand theeducationChristian.Andthisis theraisond'etreoftheCatholicschool.

"OrpossiblytheinitiativeofCatholicAction?Butthisistheapostolate oftheHierarchyandtheclergyforthe faithful.

"Anditisallthesethingswhich thosewhoareattackingso-called'politicalCatholicism'areaimingat.The Churchalwaysdemandstherightto performactsofeducation,charity,propagationandtheapostolate.Sheregardsasoppressivearegimenwhich woulddisputethisright.

"Tosuppressthisrightistosuppress hergreatestSaints.Considerthecase ofStVincentdePaul.Helivedata timewhentheFrondedisorderswere ruiningthefinestprovincesofFrance; itwasthenthathefoundedhisCongregation.Todogoodheentered uponthetemporalterrainasdidOur LordHimself.Allthisiswhatsome wouldregardas'politicalCatholicism.'

"LetusalsoconsiderSt.JohnBosco. Fromthematerialviewpoint,hebegan byconcerninghimselfaboutunfortunateboyswhowerestrivingforanexistenceatTurin.Heestablishedworkshopsforlabouringyouthwherehe gavethemtraining,teachingandan education,andhebecamethegreat Catholicpecl,agogist.Heengagedin Catholicpropagationbymeansofthe Press,hooksandpamphlets.Thereforehetoowasengagedinpolitical Catholicism.

"Inaword,incriminatingtheChurch inpoliticalCatholicismstrikesatthe principaldoctrineswhichsheteaches andappliesinallfields,andoutside thereligioussphereproperlyspeaking "No,theChurchdemandsandmust continuetodemandtherighttodesignatethemoralprinciplesthatgovern life,notmerelyindividuallyandsec-

retlyforeveryperson,butalsoforsociety,thefamily,andtheState.Heads ofStates,Kings,themostpowerful Emperors,allaresubjecttotheselaws inallfields,inalltheiracts,inthe political.nationalorinternationalfield.

PapalPronouncementsCited.

"TheChurchwillnotrenounceher righttoproclaimthetruth,todemonstratewhatisjustandwhatunjust,to definetherightsanddutiesofindividualsandalsooffamiliesandStates. Todenythisrightwouldbetheequivalentofsuppressingagreatpartof theChurch'sactivity.Toprovethis, oneneedonlyrefertoactsofrecent Popes:TheSyllabusofPiusIXon politicalquestions.TheEncyclical ImmortaleDeiofLeoXIIIonthe constitutionofStates.TheEncyclicalsRerumNovarumofLeoXIIIand QuadragesimoAnnoofPiusXIonsocialandeconomicquestions.

"Noneoftheseisstrictlyreligious, vetnoonecandenytherightofthe Papacytobeconcernedaboutsuch questions.

"PiusXIissuedanEncyclicalon marriage,CactiConntibii,whichalso

isnotentirelyconcernedwithreligious questions;itdealtwiththedutiesof thefamily,husbandandwife,andparents,andtherightsoftheState.Furthermore,PiusXIpublishedanEncyclicalontheChristianEducationof Youth,whichisnot,strictlyspeaking, areligiousquestion.Inthisconnectionalsohespeaksoftherightsand dutiesoftheState,andpassesjudgmentonitspoliticalandsocialdoctrine,contrastingthesewiththeChristianideal.Thesearequestionswhich donotbelongstrictlytothesphereof theFaithinasmuchastheydonot treatofworshiportheadministration oftheSacraments.Butinallthese fieldstheChurchisinherownhouse, remainsthere,andcanjudge-not fromthepoliticalviewpoint,butaccordingtomoralprinciples-theacts ofmenandofworldpowers.

"Opinionsofthiskindarenotof muchuseforcoveringupattacksupon thelibertyoftheChurchandtherights ofconscience.SoCatholicsmust opentheireyes:itispertinentthat Catholicsknowthatthereisareal danger,andthattheymustdowhat theycantowardoffthisdanger."

GoldfieldsSection