The Record Newspaper 22 April 1943

and

al"TheGermanshavesparednoatrocity,crimeorvillainy

*GeneralSikorskiHonouredinWashington

ArchbishopChancelloron'theRapeofPoland'

PrimeIllinister'sVagnikentReply

Washington

GeneralSikorski,PrimeMinister andPolishCommanderinChief,spoke atanimpressiveceremonyheldinthe McMahon Archbishop

Curley,ofBaltimoreandWashington. ChancelloroftheCatholicUniversity, conferreduponhimthehonoraryde greeofDoctorofLaws.

ProlongedapplausegreetedArchbishopCurleywhen,inhisaddress,he salutedthePolishnationandaddress-

"Iamdeeplyconvincedthatthe partwhichtheCatholicChurch

willplayinthefuturemoralreconstructionoftheworldwillbe enormous

whethertheworldwillachievetherea-Polandactedasshedidinaccordance edapleatoGodto"keepandconserve lisationofthehighestideals,orbede-withhertraditionsofthepast,with Poland." featedbyaprimitivebarbaricmater-thatphilosophy,moralityandcivilisa-

CharacterisingtheNaziattemptsto ialismwhichreducesmentobeasts.tionwhichshehadrepresentedforgendenationalisethePolishpeopleas"the WearefightingamortalwarwhicherationsinthefamilyofcivilisednarapeofPoland,"HisExcellencyadded:"Menmaytrytocrushthebodies ofpeople,buttheycannevercrush

GENERALSIRORSKI. willdecideaboutnations,continents, andthefateofthewholeworld.Such isthetruenatureofthiswar.

tions.ThePolishnationwithallits dynamicqualitiescouldnotgiveup, whatevertheodds,orevercontemtheirsouls.IsalutePoland.GodFaithandherreadinesstobearthe "Ihavefrequentlyheardexpres-platesurrender.Thatnationwill keepandconservePoland.Longlivegreatestsacrificesinitsdefence sionsofsurprisethatPolandtookupneveraccepttheyokeofslavery. Poland!"

ThegreetingsoftheUniversitywere presentedtoGeneralSikorskibythe 4, RightRev.Mgr.PatrickJ.McCormick,acting-Rector,andtheRev.Dr. JohnJ.Rolbiecki,ofthefacultyof philosophy,whoextendedawelcome inPolish.

Amongtheprominentguestswere LadyHalifax,wifeoftheBritishAmbassador;VladimirHurban,Minister ofCzecho-Slovakia;CimonP.Diamantopciulos,MinisterofGreece;andattachesofEmbassiesandLegationsof theUnitedNations.

"IhavereceivedtheDegreeofDoc-thechallengetofighttheinvader "Justice,mercyandhonestywere

torofLawsatatimewheninmyagainstsuchoverwhelmingodds,and countrytheinvaderproclaimsthatthatshehasneverceasedtofight.It rightandlawaretheexclusiveprivi-appearsthatitislikewisenotclear legeofrulersandofthemighty,andtoeverybodywhythemostruthless thatthePolesasaninferiorandweak-andthemostinhumanmethodsof

ItistheRuleofJustice whichgivesBirthtoFreedom

ernationareplacedoutsidethelaw.exterminationarebeingappliedtoPoInviewofthis,thehonouryouhaveland.

declaredbythecreatorsoftotalitarianismtheweaponsoftheweakanddegraded,forstrongpeoplecalledtorule shouldnotacknowledgeethicalorlawfulstandards,"GeneralSikorskiasserted."Totalitarianismbasicallydenies allmoralstandards,includingChristianmorality,thegreatestethicalachievementofmankind.

"Thetotalitarianideologydrawsits:, inspirationfromtheGermanphilosophersofthepast.Germanphilosophy builtupthebeliefinthesuperman longbeforeHitler'stimeandtheGermannationsecretlybelievedinthe

Inthecourseofhisaddress,Generalbestoweduponmecomesasatribute "TherewasneveranydoubtamongtheoryofGermanracialsuperiority. Sikorskisaid:"AllowmetoexpressmytothePolishnationwhoseintrepidthePolishpeoplethatwhenHitlerThatnationwassystematicallypregratitudeforandappreciationofthetightindefenceofthereignofrightchallengedPolandthatchallengeparedbythePrussianschoolof highhonourbestoweduponmebytheandlawhasentereduponitsfourthwouldbeunhesitatinglytakenup.Thethoughtforthetheoryofnational CatholicUniversity.Itwasgrantedyear. entirenationknewthatthiswasgoingsocialism. tomeastotherepresentativeofa "Thiswarisnotanordinarywartobeadecisiveconflictbetweenthe "Howtotallydifferentwasthetrend countryinwhichtheRomanCatholicformaterialinterestsorterritorialReichandthePolishnation.WeknewofPolishthought.Whenintheend Faithisdominant,andwhosefidelityambitions.ItdoesnotresemblethatourAllieswouldstandbyus,thatoftheeighteenthcenturythePolish tothisFaithisgreat.Inthepastthoseconflictsofthepast,theoutcometheUnitedStatesandtheotherAm-nationlostitsindependentpoliticalexandinthepresentPolandhasgiven countlessproofsofherdevotiontoher ofwhichwasdecidedinsinglebattles. Onthecourseofthiswardepends ericanRepublicswouldlendustheir support.Butal,oveallotherthings, istencePolishphilosophers,statesmen, (ContinuedonBackCover.)

Rl eigionintheU.SS.R.

"Wemustconvincethemassesthat CommunismandReligioncannotgotogether"

Questions

ontheResurrection . andtheAscension

*Mr.MenziesAgainandthe

R.:FromtheChristianpointofview thatistrue.AtheisticCommunism, ofcourse,doesnotadmitthatitis Satanic,foritdeniestheexistenceof God,andofSatan,andofanyrealities ofinteresttomanbeyondthismaterial world.Whatitdoesopenlyprofess (thoughnotsoopenlyjustatpresent) isthatitisdeterminedtooverthrow allbeliefinthepowerofGod,andthe senseofobligationtoserveHim.No one,therefore,whoisconvincedofthe existenceofGod,ofHissupremerights overthewholeofHiscreation,andof ourobligationtoserveHimbythe observanceofHislaws,canhaveanythingtodowithCommunism.And theeffortsofCommuniststotradeon sympathiesbasedonotherconsiderationsaltogethermustbegivenno quarter.

pearanceinmorethanonewiseat differenttimesandplaces?

"P.andW.,"Balmain:

Q.:Weareatpresentbeingsubjected toaterrificbombardmentofCommunistpropaganda.

R.:Nobodycoulddenythat.But itwouldbesurprisingifsuchwerenot thecase.LocalCommunistswould heveryslowiftheydidnotmakethe mostofpresentconditionstofurther thecauseofCommunismintheirown interests.Weshouldbeprepared forthis,andbeonourguardagainst it,despiteourbeingpre-occupiedwith worldevents,andthewinningofthe -war.Notforamomentshouldwe -allowCommunismtotradeonour sympathiesforitsownpurposes.

* * * *

HATREDOFRELIZION.

Q.:ButIhavebeenreadinTabook called'ReligionintheU.S.S.R.," writtenbyE.Yaroslaysky,President oftheLeagueofMilitantAtheists,in whichhedeclaresthatReligionand Communismarequiteincompatible.

R.:Onthatpoint,atleast,heagrees wholeheartedlywiththeCatholic Church.ForthePopehasrepeatedlywarnedthefaithfulthatCommunismisopposedtoGodandtoreligion, andthatnoChristiancaninanyway supportit

Q.:Donotthefollowingquotations fromhisbookrevealtheabsoluteoppositionofCommunismtoallforms ofreligion?

THERESURRECTION

R.:Theydo.Iwillreadthequotations,ofwhichIhavecheckedtheaccuracyfromYaroslaysky.sbookitself. Hewritesasfollows:

"Wemustconvincethemassesthat Communismandreligioncannotgotogether."

"ApersoncannotactasaCommunistifhisbrainispoisonedbyreligion."

"ItisimpossibletobeaCommunist, andatthesametimegotochurch."

"EveryCommunistmustbeableto explainwhyaCommunistcannotsupportreligion,whyCommunistsfight againstreligion."

"Ourfirsttaskistoacceleratethe creationofconditionsthatwillcause thedisappearanceofallreligiousbelief."

"Religiousbeliefswillbedestroyed, nutprimarilybyanti-religiouspropaganda,butbytheconsciousanddeliberateplanningofallthesocialandeconomicactivitiesofthemasses."

SowritesYaroslaysky,Presidentof theLeagueofMilitantAtheists.

TSITSATANIC?

Q.:IsnotthisadesperateandSatanic bidtooverthrowthepowerofGod, andtomakethewholeworldchallen-:,-eHimwiththerebelliouscry, "Iwillnotserve."

Christ'sBodily Resurrection

"InterestedListener,"Pymble:

Q.:Wouldyoubesokindastoanswertheenclosedquestionsonthe FourthArticleoftheAnglican"ArticlesofReligion"?

R.TheFourthArticlereadsasfollows:OftheResurrectionofChrist. Christdidtrulyriseagainfromdeath, andtookagainhisbody,withflesh, bones,andallthingsappertainingto theperfectionofman'snature;wherewithheascendedintoheaven,and theresittethuntilhereturntojudge allmenatthelastday.

Q.:DoesthisalsorepresentCatholic teaching?

R.:Yes.WhentheChurchofEnglandwassetupinoppositiontothe CatholicChurch,thisisoneofthe Catholicdoctrinesitretainedintact. ItwasonothermattersthatitabandonedCatholicism.

RISENBODY'SNATURE.

Q.:WhatwasthemodeoftheResurrection?DidChristresumeaphysicalbody,whichappearedtomen; oraspiritualbody;orwastheap-

R:IntheResurrectionChristresumedthesamephysicalandintegralbody thatHepossessedpriortoHisdeath. But,aftertheResurrection,Hisbody wasnotsubjecttothesameconditions asbefore.Ithadundergoneamysteriouschangewhichwecanexpress onlybysayingthatitwas"glorified." Ifyouwish,wecouldsaythat,though itremainedthesamebodyasregards identity,itwasspiritualisedincharacter,beingconditionedbythespiritualsoulratherthanrestrictingthe soultoitsownmateriallimitations. Everysingleactivityofthebodywas, therefore,subjecttothespiritualwill. Christ'srisenbodycouldbepresentor absentinanygivenplaceatanygiven momentasHewilled;and,whenpresent,couldappearunderanyformHe willed.Thus,Hisspiritualisedbody appeared,asyousuggest,inmorethan onewiseatdifferenttimesandplaces. Forexample,afterspeakingofHisappearancetoMaryMagdalen,St.Mark says:"Afterthatheappearedinanothershapetotwoofthemwalking, astheyweregoingintothecountry." (Mk.XVI12.)

VARIOUSAPPEARANCES.

Q.:Ifitwasaphysicalbody,with flesh,bones,etc.,whatoftheappearancetoSt.Paul,longaftertheAscension?

R.:Difficultywouldarisethereonly ifonethoughtofthephysicalbody, withflesh,bones,etc.,inapurelynaturalstate,transcendingspace-timeconditions,Christ'sphysicalbodynow existsinastatetranscendingthe merelynaturalorder.andthatnew stateisitsnormalstatehenceforth. But,abnormally,andatwill,Hecould allowthatbodytomanifestitselfon ournaturallevel,withinthespacetimeframework,andinawaydiscerniblebyoursenses.Thishedid toSt.Paul.

Q.:Doyouholdthattheappearance totheholywomenandthedisciples wasthatofaphysicalbody,per-

S.BEECROFT-Butcher

181RokebyRoad,Subiaco.

DnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSold 'PhoneW1373

cawedobjectivelybythesenseslike anyothermaterialobject?

R.:Yes,though,ofcourse,itwas abnormalforaspiritualisedphysical bodytobeallowedtooperateeven momentarilyonthelowermaterial levelofbeingabovewhichitbad beenelevated.But,atthewillof Christ,itcoulddothis,anddidit.

THEACTUALPHYSICALBODY.

Q.:Ifitwasaspiritualbody,whythe troubleofapologiststoprovethat Jesuswasreallydead,andthatafter theResurrectionHeengagedinordinarybodilyacts?

R.:Itwasnutaspiritualbodyin anysenseofhavingceasedtobethe identicalphysicalbodyoffleshand boneandblood,aspossessedbefore thecrucifixion.Itwasthesameintegralphysicalbodyunderdiverse conditions.ToproveitsrealidentitywiththebodythathadbeensubjectedtodeathontheCross,Christ permittedittofunctiononthenaturalmaterialhumanlevelbeforevari'ouswitnesses,foritwasnecessarythat weshouldhaveconfirmationbyevidenceonourownplaneofChrist's greatestmiracle,Hisbodilytriumph overactualdeath.Thatrequired proofthatthesamebodythattruly diedtrulyrosefromthegraveas Christhadpredicted.

Q.:Ifitwasnotaphysicalbodyof fleshandbone,etc.,whatwasits nature-aphantasm,ghost,or spirit?

R.:Itwasaphysicalbody,buta bodythathadbeenspiritualised,and sotransformedthatitwasnolonger subjecttomerelymaterialconditions. Yet,thoughnolongersubjecttomaterialconditions,itcould,atthewill ofChrist,manifestitselfinamaterial way.Whenitdidso,itwasnota phantasm,whichsuggeststheunreal; norwasitaghostorspirit.Itwas theactualphysicalbodyofChrist,now miraculouslyendowedwithspiritual properties,butallowedforoccasional purposestoexercisethematerial powerspreviouslypropertoit.

CHRIST'SPLACEINHEAVEN.

Q.:Whenweusetheexpression,"He ascendedintoheavenandsittethat therighthandofGod,"arewenot employingthelanguageofmythand allegory?

R.:Wearenotemployingmythical language,foramythisopposedto reality.Weareemployingallegorical language,foranallegorymakesuseof imagerytodescribewhatisareality. TheAscension,ofcourse,isnotallegory;itisactualhistoricaldescription.ThatChrist"sitsattheright handofGod"isallegory,thedescriptionofChristasseatedsignifyingHis entranceuponHisfulldominionand majestyandjudicialpower;andHis beingattherighthandofGodsignifyingthatHishumannature,inits glorifiedstate,enjoysthehighestplace

ofhonouranddignity,nexttoGod,in heaven.

ALITERALASCENSION.

Q.:To-daywecannolongerthinkin termsofaBabylonian,orAristotelian,orPtolemaicuniverse;andwe knowsomethingaboutthephysical conditionsobtaininginspace.

R.:Thatistrue.Butthatdoesnot affectone'sbeliefintheAscension ofChrist.Atmost,itaffectsourinterpretationofit.

Q.:Canwebeexpectedtobelievethat Christ'sbody,withfleshandbone, asperArticleIV.,literallyrosefrom thesurfaceoftheearth,andmigrat edtosomedistant"place"called heaven?

R.:WearerightlyexpectedtobelievethatChrist'sspiritualised,though stillintegralandphysicalbody,really manifesteditselftothesensesofthe disciplesasascendingfromthesurface oftheearthagivendistance,untila cloudformeditselfbetweentheascendingChristandthemselves,hindering anyfurthervisionofHim.Thatwas sufficienttoimpressuponthemthat Hewasenteringintoastateofexistencedifferentfrom,andverymuch loftierthanconditionsofearth.But wearenotexpectedtobelievethat Christmigratedtosomedistant "place"calledheaven.Talkof"distance"and"place"arespace-timeconceptswhichcannotdojusticetowhat actuallyoccurred.

WHEREISCHRIST'SBODY?

Q.:Youhaverepeatedlypointedout thstheavenisnotaplaceinthe spatialsense.

R.:Igladlyreassertthatfact.

Q.:Ifnosuchphysicalascensiontook place,whatbecameof'Christ'sbody?

R.:Thephysicalascensiontook place,and,literally,totheextentof Christ'sbodilyelevationfromthesurfaceoftheearthuntilthecloudintervenedandcutHimofffromthesight ofthewatchingdisciples.Thenall thatwecansayisthatChristallowed thesupernaturalqualitiesofHisspiritualisedbodytoassertthemselves,anc Hisbodybecameindependentofall earthlyconditionsandlimitations.It simplypassedintoanotherstateof being,evenasthethoughtsembodied intheaudiblewordsyounowhearare passingintoanotherstateofbeing withinyourmindasyouunderstand them.Andthenewstateintowhich Christ'sbodyenteredrendersuseless allcalculationsbasedonvisiblenoalit;esasweknowthem.Christ'sphysicalbodyisexistingunderconditions ofwhichwehavenoexperience.Faith merelytellsusthatChrist,inHiscompleteandglorifiedhumannature,has thehigestplaceofdignityandauthoritynexttoGodinthedomainthatis propertoGod,andwhichwecall heaven.AndwiththatIconcludeyour letter,trustingthatIhavethrown somelightonthesubject.

GodandFreewill

"EarnestInquirer,'City

Q.:IfGodknowseverything,howis thatcompatiblewithman'sfreewill?

Athingcannotbeknownuntilitis past,orunlessitisinevitable.

R.:Nomanonearthcangiveyoua satisfactoryanswertothatquestion. Norshouldyouexpectit,ForGodis inatotallydifferentorderofexistencefromthatwhichweknow.We arecreaturesofspaceandtime,and wethinkintermsofspaceandtime. ButGodisnotconditionedbyspace andtime.Andtherelationshipofa timelessknowledgetoeventsina time-sequenceonlyGodknows.But ourinabilitytoseethefullsolution doesnotjustifyadenialofthefacts wedoknow.Godmustknowall things,orHewouldn'tbeGod.And manisfree.Youfreelychosetowrite `yourletter.Ifreelychoosetoanswer yourquestions.Icouldhavethrown themintothewaste-paperbasket. God'sforeknowledgeisafact.Freewillisafact.Ifwecan'treconcile themtoourcompletesatisfaction,we arenotgoingtobesofoolishastogo backandtamperwiththefacts.

NECESSITYOFBAPTISM.

Q.:IfChristhastakenawaythesins oftheworldbyHisdeathonthe

actionswhichwe intheGospels.Hemayhaveduneso.And,in anycase,thereisnoreasonwhythis particulardoctrineshouldhavetobe recorded.Meantime,theprinciples justifyingthepracticeareimplicitin theteachingsofboththeOldandthe NewTestament.

DOUBTFULDISPOSITIONS.

Q.:Whendidthispracticestart,and bywhomwasitauthorised?

R.:Thepracticeofaskingoneanother'sprayersisasoldasthehuman race,andwasauthorisedbyGod.It isabsurdtoholdthatweareallchildrenofGod,yetcannotincludeeach other'sinterestsinourprayerstoour HeavenlyFather.Nordoesitmake anydifferencewhetherthosewhopray foroneanotherareinheavenoron earth.Iwillcontentmyselfwithsayingthatmuch,withoutgoingmore deeplyintothematter.Ifyouare notsatisfiedwiththesereplies,itwon't makemuchdifference.Foryoupro-

bablyhavedozensofothersupposed difficultiesreadytoproduceassoon astheseareanswered.Itwouldbe easytotrotouthundredsofthem; andwhenyouhavegonethroughyour stockofcaptiousquestions,Icould provideyouwithanotherthousandto whichyouhaveneveradverted.Itis afavouritetrickforpeoplewhoabandonthepracticeofreligiontocover uptheirtracksbypouringoutanunendingstreamoftheoreticaldifficulties, howevertrivialtheymaybe.And theytakerefugeinthesmoke-screen, findingprideandself-satisfactionin theirabilitytocataloguethethings theydon'tknowasanexcusefor neglectingtopracticewhattheydo know.Yourquestionsareofthe usualtypeprovidedbysuchpeople, andonlyyourdescriptionofyourself asan"earnestinquirer"leavesroom forthedoubtthatyoumightnotbe oneofthem.Youmustaskyourself whetherthebenefitofthedoubt should,indeed,begiveninyourfavour.

Mr.MenziesandProfits

"Producer,'Sydney

Q.:Instatinghissocialviews,Mr.R. G.Menziessaidthat"tospeak,as sometheoreticalpeopledo,ofthe abolitionoftheprofit-motive,isto ignorethemostfundamentalinstinctsofmankind."

R.:Thatwouldbetrue,itwehad inmindwhatMr.Menziesthinkswe intend.ButMr.Menzieshasmisunderstoodourposition,asIexplained toyoulastweek.

Q.:Whatdoyoumean,whenyou speakofabolishingtheprofit-motive?

R.:Wedonotmeanthataman shouldnotprofitbyhislabourand servicestothecommunity.Personal gainisalawfulandnecessaryincentive,inducingmentogiveoftheir best.Wedomeanthattheprofitmotivemustceasetodominatethe policyofindustrialcapitalismtothe exclusionofotherandmoreimportant motives.Wedemandarightattitude towardsprofits,sothatthefirstconsiderationinindustrywillbeitsadaptationtotheneedsofthecommunity, andthegoodofallengagedinit, ratherthanthefinancialinterestsof investors.

THEWRONGMOTIVE.

Q.:What,precisely,iswrongwiththe profit-motive?

abusinesswilladvertisetocreatean artificialdemand,sothatitcansellto peoplewhattheydon'tneed,andreap theconsequentprofits.Again,industrialcapitalism,asweknowit,doesn't existtodistributegoodsjustly.Foodstuffshavebeendeliberatelydestroyed becausetheprimaryideaisnotthat theyaretobeeaten,butthattheyare tobesold.Itisintelligiblethatpeopleshouldgohungrywhenfood doesn'texist;butit'sinsanethatthey shouldstarvewhilstgoodfoodrotsor isdestroyed.Buttheprimarymotive isprofit:andongoesourindustrial capitalism,heapingupwealthatone endofthesocialscale,andcreatingdestitutionattheother.Finally,industrialcapitalismdoesn'texisttoproducegoodssothatpeoplemayhave freedomfromwant.Thecapitalist rejoices,notintheideathatpeople benefitbythegoodstheypurchase,but onlyintheideathatthemorethey purchase,themorehecanproduce,and themoreprofithewillmake.

THEONLYREMEDY.

Q.:Whatistheremedyforitsdeficiencies?

Cross,whyisBaptismnecessaryto salvation?

R.:ItisnotclaimedthatChristhas takenawaythesinsoftheworldby HisdeathontheCross.'ByHisdeath ontheCrossHehasmadeitpossible forallwhowillcomplywithcertain conditionstobesaved.Hewon'tsave peopleagainsttheirwill.OnenecessaryconditionHehasappointedisthe receptionofBaptism.Therefore, Baptismisnecessaryforsalvation.It isnotforustotakeHimtotaskfor appointingsuchacondition.Itisfor ustomakeuseofit-andgratefully.

4.

PRAYEROFSAINTS.

Q.:DidChrist,atanytimeinHislife onearth,suggestthatHisfollowers shouldappealtoHisMother,orto anyoneelsebutHimselforHis Father?

R.:Heespeciallycommandedusto believeandobeytheteachingofthe ChurchHeestablished,commissioned, andguaranteed.Partoftheteaching ofthatChurchisthattheinvocationof Maryandofthesaintsisbothlawful anduseful.WhetherChristparticularlyreferredtothisindividualdoctrineoftheChurchisnotrecordedin thepartialaccountsofHiswordsand

R.:Keepinmindthefactthatwe aredealingwiththe"primacy"ofthe profit-motive.Andifyouaskme whatiswrongwithmenrunningindustryorbusinessprimarilyfordividends,Ianswer-everything.Lookat theposition.Withthewidespread driftagefromtheChristianreligion, menfranklygavethemselvesuptothe merelysecularoutlookofsheermaterialism.Notlivingforahigher destinythatthisworld,theysetoutto getalltheycouldonearth.Andthat meantaraceformoney.Industrial capitalism,therefore,wasordainedto themakingofmoney.Somuchso, thattheonlyconsiderationwhichdetermineswhetheranyenterprisecango oniswhetheritcanproducefinancial gainforinvestors.Bigfirmsadvertisethattheyaregivingsocialservice. Butthatisentirelysecondaryasregardstheirpermanence.Cutoutprofits,andthey'llclose.Idonotsay theyoughttocontinueataloss,or withoutsomeprofits.Imerelysay thatprofitsaretheirmainconsideration,theirpredominantmotive.

PERVERSITYOFCAPITALISM.

Q.:Whatmotivewouldyousuggest insteadoftheprofit-motive?

R.:Wedon'twanttosuggestamotive"insteadof"theprofit-motive,but severalmotives"superiorto"theprofitmotive.Industryshouldexistfor theproductionofwhatpeopleneed, andthejustdistributionofthegoods produced,inorderthatpeoplemight havefreedomfromwant.Butindustrydoesnotexistforanyofthose things.Itseesnopurposebeyondits ownfinancialgain.

Itdoesn'texisttoproducewhat peopleneed.Solongasabusiness pays,itwillgoonproducingevenuselessandharmfulthins.Ifnecessary,

R.:Oureconomictroublescanbe suredonlybygettingawayfromeconomicmotives.Solongastheprofitmotiveispredominant,basedon greed,self-seeking,andacquisitiveness, nothingbutinjustice,strife,anddivisioncanresult.Suchevilsarenot accidental.Theyareinherentinour presenteconomicsystem.And,tested byChristianideals,thatsystemfails miserably.Carlylewasrightwhenhe saidthattheonlyideaofasocialbond wasacashbond,inoursystemofmaterialisticcapitalism.Whatisneeded isacompletechangeofoutlook.More thananexternalchangeinoursocial systemiswanted.Theremustbean internalchangeinmanhimself.To changetheplanofsocietyisnecessary; buttodothatwithoutchangingthe manwillbeuseless.Manmustbe moved,notmerelybythemotiveof personalgain,thoughthegainingofa livelihoodis,initsplaceandmeasure, aperfectlypropermotive.Buthe musthavehighermotivesthanmere profit.Insteadofmenexistingto producethings,andthingsexistingto producemoney,withGodnowhere,. moneymustbeputintoitsproper placeasameanstowardsthejustdistributionofthings;thingsmustberegardedasproducedforman,instead ofmanbeingregardedmerelyasacog inthewheelofproduction;andman mustregardhimselfassubjecttoGod, responsibletosomeonehigherthan himselfforhisconductinhisownlife andtowardsothers.Inotherwords, unlessreligiousmotivesgovernhuman law,andhumanlaw,inaccordance withthosemotives,regulatesproduction,distribution,andconsumptionfor thecommongood,adjustingourfinancialadministrationtoallthreeneeds, therewillbenolastingremedyforthe illsofsociety.AndIthinkitwillbe cleartoyouthattheremedysuggested wouldmeantheabolitionoftheprofitmotiveasthepredominantconsiderationintheindustrialandbusiness world.

Tseemstomeanunfortunate coincidencethatAnzacDayfalls onEasterSunday,andthattheauthoritieshavedecidedtocommemorateitonthatday.Therecentunhappycontroversyoverthesuggested useofthepulpitforaidingtheLiberty LoanmayeasilyberevivedbyMr. Curtin'spleaforthe"activeparticipationofthechurchesincommemoratingtheday."Itisaholyandawholesomethoughttoprayforthedead,and ithasalwaysbeenanintegralpartof Catholicbeliefandpractice.ItisespeciallypraiseworthytorememberbeforeGodthosewhodiedinthesacrificialspiritofpatriotism.Butthere isamaladyinthemodernmindwhich tendsconstantlytolendeverythinga merelynaturalinterpretation.Itis forthisreasonthatIregrettheincidenceofAnzacandEasteronthesame day.

TheFederalGovernmentwasapparentlyawareofsomesuchdifficulty,for inaskingfortheparticipationofthe Churches,therequestadded:"sofar asitiscompatiblewiththeirobligation inconnectionwiththecelebrationof thegreatChristianfestivalofEaster." Mr.Curtinwas,however,quiteconfidentthattheatmospheresurrounding AnzacDay"wasinharmonywiththe spiritofEaster."

Now,nobodywishestostirtroubled waters,butitmustbemadeplainto allwhoprofesstheChristianreligion thatitisaverydangerousbusiness toconfusethetwocommemorations. Itisnotuncommoninthestressof warforsomechurchmentocompare thesufferingsofChristandtheirhope ofregenerationwiththeResurrection. Suchparallelsareirreverentandtotallyoutofplace.Themostthatshould bedoneinthisregard,andbyfarthe best,isfortheleadersofnationsto unitetheirpeople'sanguishwithChrist andsosupernaturalisethehorrorsof war.

AdaysuchasAnzacisnotatall comparablewiththeFeastofEaster. Theone,howevergreat,isonapurely naturalplane.Easter,ontheother hand,commemoratesChrist'ssalvific Death,bywhichallmenmightlive again.HisResurrectionwasHisvictoryofdeathandoversin.Anzac gavepromiseofnationalre-birthapromisethathasbeenlargely thwartedbythesettingasideofChristianmoralprinciples.Calvarygives certainhopeofforgivenessfornational apostasyandpromiseofeternalsalvation.Anzacstirredhopesofnational butmerelytemporalgreatness.Easter isapledgetoallmenofimmortality andfinalsuccessintheVisionofGod.

Msorrythenewsserviceisso badinPerth,butit'scompensationthatit'ssogoodinWiluna.I havetoconfessashamedlythatI haven'theardaboutthefussinthe VaticanwhenCatholicinvestments werethreatened.Ofcourse,history issolongandthepublicmemoryso short.PossiblyMr.TindallisreferringtothetimewhenHenryVIII. stolethemonasteriesandtheproperty oftheGuilds.Orperhaps,morerecently,whenthefollowersofSpain's "constitutionalGovernment"burned outtheChurchesandlootedChurch propertyinSpain.DoesMr.Tindall thinkitverywickedandcapitalistic tomakeafussovertriflesofthissort? Thepointhedoesmissisthatthe dividinglinebetweenmoralsandmaterialpossessionissosharp,andthe Churchsodisinterestedaboutthelatter,thatShecarriesonevenwhenthe materialaidshavebeenremoved.In theLateranTreatytheChurchpositivelyrefusedtoacceptlargertemporalpossession,thoughShehadevery righttothem.Mr.Tindalldoesn't wanttheChurchtobeasoupkitchen,

buthedoeswantittofixthesocial disordereventhoughhehatesthePope forabloatedcapitalist.Really,Mr. Tindall,whataboutmakingupyour mind?

Mr.Tindallthenmovesontodiscuss eternityandtime.Heseemstoinfer thatbeliefinanafter-lifeissomekind oftricktolullintoquiescencethepeoplewhosufferundersocialinjustice. Evenarudimentaryknowledgeofthe Church'steachingwouldhavespared himfromthis"howler."

Oneofthepopularargumentsofthe anti-Godbrigadetakestheformof thewitticism."Pieinthesky,"meaning,ofcourse,thatChristianitypromisesyouhappinessinheaven,whereascommon-senseoftheRationalist

FRANCIS GILBERT

typetellsyouthattheonlyhappiness youcanevergetisinthisworld,so Behappyhereanddon't wastetimedreamingofahereafter thatdoesn'texist,andsoon.Consequentlyyou'dassumethatiianyone oughttobehappyinthislifeit'sthe unbeliever.

Buthowdoesitworkout?The plainfactisthatthehappiestpeople onthiseartharethosewhoselivesare governedbyactiveChristianfaith,by thebeliefintheirspiritualdignity andeternaldestiny.Thegenuinely Christian-livingpersonistheonewho getsmostrealjoyoutofthislife onearth,theonewhoismostserene inthefaceofsorrow,theleastdowncastinmisfortune:imbuedwitha steadypeacefulnessofsoulwhichis theutteroppositeoftheappalling modernurgetowardescapefromthe realitiesoflife.Foritisinaconsiderationoftherealitiesoflifethatthe Christianmindactuallyfindspeace.

InthenextparagraphMr.Tindall isbackridinghishobby-horsewithintensezest.Noonemorethanthe Churchregretstheproletariandependenceofthemassofmankind.But Mr.Tindall'ssocialism,sofarfrom remetb-ingit,willmakeitatonceuniversalandstabilised(i.e.,capableof indefiniteprolongation).Hesees nothingmoralaboutrentandinterests.Well,wedo.Therentandinterestsystems,likethewagesystem, arenotinthemselvesunjust.But theyaretheproductsofahighlyunbalancedsocietyandlendthemselves toallkindsofabuseswhichwedeploreevenmorethanMr.Tindall.But theremedyisnottomaketheState thelandlordandtheusurer.Rather itistomakeasmanymenaspossible independentownersthroughtherestorationofproductiveproperty.

T couldn'treallysayoff-hand whetherthePopeassociateswithhighcastelandlords.IknowChristassociatedwithpublicansandsinnersto

PEERLESSBREADMANUFACTURERS

145FITZGERALDSTREET,PERTH.

OurMotto:"QUALITYandSERVICE."

Specialties-VIENNABREADandROLLS.

'Phone:B1041.

ANZACDAY

COMMENTON CORRESPONDENCE

thescandalofthePharisees.Butfor thelandlords'sakeIhopetheydoassociatewiththePope-itisaboutthe onlyhopetheirtenantshave.But hereagainMr.Tindallrevealsthathe isnotinpossessionofthefactsabout Catholicteachingwhichhasconsistentlycondemnedastheft,excessiverents andinterest.Buttheoffenceisnot somuchagainstmanbutagainstGod -whichmakesnonsensecfMr.Tindall'sphraseabout"economicsin."

Mr.Tindall'snextsentenceinterests metremendously.Hesaysnoone hasamoralrighttoliveontherent oflandortherentonmoney.Idisagree.Iadmititisveryundesirable tohaveasocietychieflycharacterised bythesepractices,butinthemselves theyaremorallyindifferentprovided therateisjust.Mr.Tindallsayshis contentionappliesequallytoCommunists,atheistsandpriests.AtrueCommunistdeniestheexistenceofany rightatall,whileanatheistisconstitutionallyunabletobelieveinany moralright.Thequestionofcompensationforlandlords(presumably

intheeventofSocialismcoininginro being+isquitepertinent.Itismanifestlyunjustandaformoftheftto takeawayaman'spossessionshonestly, acquiredinfavourofahypothetical commongood.Evenwheretheinterestsofthepeoplearegenuinelyconcerned,somecompensationwouldhave tobemade.

Mr.Tindallthenproceedstolecture thePope,theEditor,andmyselfon stricteconomics.Heiswelcometo hisopinion.Idonotproposetodiscussthesemattersexceptinsofaras theybearonreligiousissues.Onthis scoreImayassureMr.Tindallthat IFIgettotheeternalabodeofblissfor1:.2tterorworse-Ishallbevery littleconcernedwiththetaxationpositiononearth.Asfortheposition hereandnow,whatdoesMr.Tindall expectmetodo?Whatishedoing? HeproposedapanaceawhichIthink isworsethanallthesocialdiseases combined.Unlessheispreparedto submitevidencewecanonlyagreeto differ.

(TobeContinued.)

ReportsLinkingPopeWithPlanto SpareRomefromBombsare WithoutAuthority

RumourshavereachedLondonthat theHolyFatheristakingsomepartin negotiationstohaveRomemadean opencityandtherebysafefrom bombing.

Inthewordsofthe"DailyTelegraph,''theyarequitewithoutofficial confirmationandmaybegroundless."

Thenewspapersvaryintheirreports oftherumours.SomegivetheimpressionthattheHolyFatherhas takentheinitiativeinthematter; otherssayHisHolinessistheintermediaryinnegotiationsbetweenGreat Britain,theU.S.A.,andItaly.

VaticanRadiohasmadenoreferencetothematter.

Onenationalnewspaperhasseenfit tomaketherumoursanexcuseforattackingthePope,implying,forinstance,thatHisHolinessmadeno effortstosavethecivilianpopulations ofothercities.Itdoesnotsayhow theHolyFatherwastoanticipateattacksbytheLuftwaffeuponthese samecities.

TheHolyFatherhasneverasked forpreferentialtreatmentforthepeopleofRome.Forthiswehavehis ownassurance,givenlastChristmas

"Welove-andinthiswecallupon GodtobeourWitness-welovewith equalaffectionallpeopleswithoutany exceptionwhatsoever.

Advertising Rates

Engagements,Marriages,Deaths,InMemoriam,andBereavement Notices,4s,aninsertion(35words),ld.perwordover.Allcasualadvertising,4s.persinglecolumninch.Engagementannouncementsmust besignedbybothparties

ReportsofFuneralschargedforat2s6d.perinch,singlecolumn (about50wordsinoneinch).

WeddingReports:2s.persinglecolumninch,forspaceusedby blockandletterpress,pluscostofphoto.block.Reportswithoutphoto. 3/-persinglecolumninch.ReportstobesignedbyParishPriest.

ForSale,ToLet,SituationsWantedandVacant,andBoardandResidence,oneinsertion(notexceeding20words),2s6d,Id.perwordover 20. Reducedrateforseveralinsertions.

ParagraphAdvertisements,9d.perline,singlecolumn.

SchoolResultsmustbecoveredbyletterofauthorisation,andmust beTypewrittenorinBlockLetters,andwillbepublishedintheorder receivedatthisoffice.

CONTRACTRATESforgeneraladvertisingonapplicationtothe AdvertisingManager. TheManagementreservetherighttorefuseanyadvertisemntitdeems unsuitable,andacceptsnoresponsibilityforanylosssustainedfromerrors nromissionswhichmayoccurinadvertisements.

AllenquiriesconcerningAdvertisementsshouldbeaddressedtothe ADVERTISINGMANAGER,"THERECORD,"450HAYSTREET, PERTH,WestAustralia.'Phone:B50andB9141.

-CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

"RON

CombinedTennisDay.

WithEasterSundayfallingunthe fourthSundayofthemonth,theusual monthlytennisdayconductedbythe Associationwillbepostponeduntilthe firstSundayofnextmonth,i.e.,May 2. Thiswillbethefourthofamost successfulseriesoftennisdaysarranged 1,vtheAssociationexecutiveinan endeavourtokeepCatholictennis aliveinthemetropolitanarea.To dateattendanceshavealwaysbeenin thevicinityofthe100mark,buton thiscomingSundaywearehopingthe participantswillincreaseto150. For thosewhohavenotyetbeenalong, thesedaysareheldatRobertsonPark, whichissituatedinFitzgerald-street. Togettherepatronsarerequestedto ,,catchNos.13.14,15or16trams,and alightatFitzgerald-streetandwalk north.

Onceagain12courtshavebeenbookedforMay2,andthesewillbeavailableformembersfrom 1p.m.onwards.Aspecialcommittee,comprisingMessrs.J.Wall,R.Morris,andJ. Eastcott,willbeinchargeofarrangingthevariousmatchesandkeeping thefunctioninfullswing.Therefore, puteverythingelseasideandkeep yourappointmentwiththeW.A.C.L.TA.atRobertsonParkonSunday. May2nd.

CouncilMeeting.

Theusualmonthlycouncilmeeting washeldlastFridayeveningatBartonHouse.Thepresident,Mr.A.E. Heagney,presided,andthechaplain, Rev.FatherRafferty,wasalsopresent.Delegatesfrommostclubs attendedandtookparticularinterest inthediscussionsthatwereheld.At themeetingelectionofvariousoffice. bearerstookplace,andresultedasfollows:-Councilmemberstotheexecutive,Messrs.R.A.MorrisandJ.Tully: financecommittee,Messrs.r. CarterandE.Farmer:presscorespondent. ,Mr.R.A.Morris:permitcommittee, MissD.TangneyandMr.J.J.Edwards.

PersonalPars.

MembersofthecouncilandtheAscociationingeneralweresorrytolearn ofthesuddenillnessofMissCecilia Arnold,popularmemberoftheHighgateClub.Latestnewstohandstates sheisnowoutofhospital,andisgraduallyimproving.Weallhopetosee herupandaroundagainshortly.

Congratulationsareextendedtoa greatfolloweroftheAssociationin MissNorineWall.whoseengagement toJerryHaire,ofDenmark,wasannouncedrecently.

PopularSt.Joachim'ssecretary,Jim Tully,isnowontheimproveafterhis fewweeks'illnessinSt.JohnofGod Hospital.Itwon'tbelongnowbeforeJimisbehindthereinsagainat thepopularVictoriaParkclub.

WeddingbellsaretoringforanumberofAssociationmemberswithinthe nextfewweeks.Itisrumouredthat fourclubsaretoherepresentedinthe comingevents.

St.Kevin'sTennisClub.

Thecommitteeoftheclubmetlast weekandarrangedseveralsocialevents forthemembers.Inter-clubmatches havebeenscheduledandabrieflinetipforMayisasfollows:May2,Associationtennisday:May9,visitto Highgateclub;May16,visittoStar oftheSeaClub,Cottesloe;Max'23, visitofSt.Joachim'sClubtoSt. Kevin's;May30,rallydayattheclub.

OvertheEasterperiod,playwillbe heldonSaturday,Sunday,andMonday,anditisanticipatedthatthe courtswillbeoccupiedonallthree days.Withtheweathernowonthe coolside,itisidealfortennis,andthe committeearelookingforwardtoseeingnewtalentappearingeveryweekend.Wecanstilldowithplentyof juniors,andappealurgentlyforthem tocomealongandjoinup.

PINJARRA

MASSTIMETABLE.

EasterSunday,April25:Pinjarra,S a.m.;Mandurah,10a.m.

11-N-s

Theannualprocessioninhonourof OurLadywilltakeplaceatSt.Columba'sChurch,SouthPerth,at3p.m.on Sunday,May2.

TheSouthPerthbranchoftheabove Societyinviteallbranchestosendrepresentatives,anditistobehoped thattherewillbealargemusterof membersatthisauspiciousceremony. Branchesattendingtheprocessionare requestedtobringtheirbannersif possible.

Fortheinformationofthosewishing toattend,membersshouldboardaNo. 27or28tramattheTownHall,Perth, at1.55p.m.,2.7p.m.,or2.20p.m. AlightatForrest-street,andwalk north.

Itisparticularlyrequestedthatall membersintendingtotakepartinthe processionbepresentnotlaterthan 2.45pin.,toenablemarshalstoform theprocessionbefore3p.m.

Third Order ofSaint Francis

SOCIALCLUBNOTES.

TheweeklyluncheonoftheF.S.C. havebeenpostponedduringHoly WeekandEasterWeek.Thenext luncheonwillbeonThursday,May6, at1p.m.,atwhichMrs.Keenanwill giveatraveltalkaboutherjourney throughEuropeandAssisi.

CATHOLIC WOMEN'SLEAGUE

CatholicTeachers' Guild

ThenextmeetingwillbeheldatBac. tonHouse,Hay-street,onThursday, April29,at8p.m.Wewouldliketo seeagoodroll-upofmembersandto welcomesomenewones.Someinterestingdiscussiononstudygroupsis expected.

Countryteachers,donotforgetthat wewouldbeveryhappytoseeyouon May12,andtoentertainyouthenat BactonHouse.Weareholdingalittlesocialgatheringandafternoontea onthatday.AllCatholicteachers, andparticularlycountrymembers, willbeverywelcomeindeed.In thesedaysofdifficulttravelwedonot seemuchofourcountryconfreres.

÷ DEATHS 44

PENTONY.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thereposeofthesoulofmyvery dearfriend,CaptainPhilipPentony, whodiedmostpeacefullyatSaint Joseph's,Morisset,onApril8.Buried SydneyApril10,1943,afterRequiem Mass.

0,SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhissoul.

-InsertedbyKathleenM.Beavitt.

St.Joachim'sBranch.

Atthemeetingonthe12th.inst., sickpaywaspassedforfourmembers. WeareverygladtoreportthatSr.D. CarrollandBro.J.Tullyhavelefthospitalandareprogressingsatisfactory.

WearepleasedtoseeBro.DanO'Connor,junr.,whorecentlyjoinedthe R.A.N.,backagain.MembersareremindedthatowingtotheEasterholidays,thenextmeetingofthebranch willtakeplaceonWednesday,April 28.

MetropolitanSocialCouncil.

Delegatesareaskedtoattendnext meetingofcouncilonApril30,when nominationofofficerswilltakeplace.

Asnumerousenquirieshavebeen maderegardingthecomplimentary dancesorganisedbythesocietyfor membersofthevariousforces,the councilhopestoarrangesomething earlyafterEasterifpossible.Best wishesareextendedtoSr.BessiePalmerandBro.ArthurMcCarthy,on theirrecentengagement.

Wagin

MASSTIMETABLE.

April25:Dumbleyung,9a.m.; Wagin,11a.m.

May2:Wagin,Sa.m.;ArthurRiver, 10am.

May9:Wagin,Sa.m.;Dumbleyung, 10a.m.

May16:Kukerin,9a.m.;Lake Grace,11axo.

May23:Dumbleyung,9a.m.: Wagin,11am.

CENTRALCATHOLICLIBRARY

36PIERSTREET,PERTH.

SUBSCRIPTIONRATES.

Metropolitan.

12Months:Onebook,10s;twobooks, 12s6d;threebooks,£1;fourbooks,£1 7s.6d.

Country.

12Months:Threebooks,£115s.;four books,£25s.;fivebooks,£210s. Wepayfreightonbookstothesub scriber.

ThePrisonersofWarFundshould benfit,wehope,substantiallyfromthe proceedsofaFeteandSaleofWork, tobeheldintheStaroftheSeaHall onSaturdayafternoon,May1,openingat3p.m.Theladiesofthebranch areworkingveryhardforthisworthy object,andaverycreditabledisplayof hand-madeanimal.etc.,toys,ofthe cuddleykind,infact,articlestoonumeroustomention,includinghomemadejams,sweets,picklesandcakes, willbeofferedforsale.Afternoontea also. Inconnectionwiththeabovea bridgeeveningwillbeheldinthesame hallonTuesday.27thinst.,at8p.m. Thebusstopsatthedoor,cornerStirlMcNeil-street.Come alongandhelpushelpourprisoners ofwar,surelyadeservingcause.

SocialtoMissNora Gallagher

Averypleasanteveningwasspent atMrs.Dore'sresident,Hutt-street, Mt.Lawley.onSaturdayeveninglast, whenMissesMaryDoreandMaryGallagherarrangedakitchenteainhonourofMissNoraGallagher,whosemarriagetoMr.H.Nolanistotakeplace onEasterMonday.Music,games,and competitionshelpedtopassaveryenjoyableevening.Amongthoseprementwere:MesdamesDore,Nallen, Albrecht,Troy,BishopandBoylan; MissesM.Stanbury,G.Sheridan,D. Hardy,E.McCarthy,J.Naylor,M. andE.Dore,E.Truslove,E.Johnson, V.andF.Albrecht,M.Gallagher, MaureenNallenandMargaretFoss.

ANIMPORTANTACTION, Signingyournametoareceiptfor £1,000isanimportantaction.Get readytosignyournameforfirstprize 41,000)intheNo.152aCharitiesConsultation.Ticketsareonsaleeverywhere.

RacingSelections

B.TheFlauk

W.A.T.C.

Saturday.April24,1943.

NaturalisteStakes:Nikh,1:Rivian, 2;Belmont.Sally,3.

BeverleyTrialHandicap:Imaking, Merapi,2;Athene,3.

Sires'ProduceStakes:FortRoyal, 1;BobbyBreen,2;Kalamunda,3. EasterCup:Amalion,1;Skyro,2; Smithie,3. BrooktonHandicap:FlameLady,1; Skylark,2;Atorna,3. BeverleyTrialHandicap:Penchop, 1;FlamingRush,2;Binkec.3. PingellyHandicap:EasterMoney, 1;Nina,2:MollyReilly,3.

INMEMORIAM ÷

McCLINTOCK.-Inlovingmemoryof Yvonne(Girlie),whopassedaway April27,1937.

Youarealwaysinmythoughts, dearGirlie, Withgriefthatisdeepandtrue. OnlyGodknowsthesilentheartache

AsIkneelandprayforyou. -Insertedbyhersorrowingmother. McMAHON.-Treasuredmemoriesof ourbelovedmother,whopassed awayonApril22,1924.Restinpeace. -Insertedbyherlovingdaughters, ;onPat,andgrandsonTomMcMahon.

WANTED,

WantedBoard,forbrotherandsister;privatefamily.ApplyX.Y.Z., c/othisoffice.

POUND.

Asoldier'sbrownleatherpietykit. Ownermayobtainsamebyapplyingto thisoffice.

ENGAGEMENTNOTICE.

TheengagementisannouncedbetweenAlice,daughterofMr.andthe lateMrs.Heyen,of14View-street, Subiaco,andCorporalWilliamJoseph, sonofMr,andMrs.F.Collins,senior, ofMountBarker.

VICTORIASQUAREOLD COLLEGIANS.

AnnualGeneralCommunion.

VictoriaSquareOldCollegianswill holdtheirAnnualGeneralCommuniononSunday,May9,atthe9o'clock MassinSt.Mary'sCathedral.Afull attendanceishopedfor,despiteexistingtransportdifficulties.Forfurther particularsringMissM.Wyndham. 1B49281.

Catholic ...

HEADQUARTERS

Vovement

ANDCLUB-ROOMS

: BankofN.S.W.Chambers,65St.George'sTerrace (nearSherwoodCourt)-Rooms:7-10FirstFloor

CALENDARofACTIVITIES

APRIL

Monday,26:Shorthand,5-430p.m.Room9. Homecrafts,8p.m.Room7. E.S.C.,8p.m.Room9.

Tuesday,27:Shorthand,5-6.30p.m.Room9. Dramatics,8p.m.Room9.

DANCE,CECILBUILDINGS.

Wednesday,28:Dressmaking,6--9.30p.m.Rooms,7..9.

Thursday,29:EXPOSITIONALLDAY.BENEDICTION.5.45pm.. Choir,8p.m.Room9.

Friday,30:Shorthand,5-6.30p.m.Room9. OrchestraandDanceBand,8p.m.Room9.

MAY

Saturday,1:CARDEVENINGINCLUBROOMS

Monday,3:Shorthand,5-430p.m.Room9. Homecrafts,8p.m.Room7. E.S.C.,8p.m.Room9.

Tuesday,4:Shorthand,5-430p.m.Room9.

DANCE,CECILBUILDINGS. CATHOLICNURSES'GUILDSOCIAL.

Wednesday,5:Dressmaking,6.-9.30p.m.Rooms7-.9.

Thursday,6:EXPOSITIONALLDAY.BENEDICTION,5.46 Choir,8p.m.Room9.

pm.

SydneyHoldsFirst LegionAdes

SplendidGrowthRevealed

AvividillustrationofthesteadygrowthoftheLegionofMaryduringits firstyearsactivityintheArchdioceseofSydneywasgivenatSt.Patrick's Church,ChurchHill,recently. Thechurchandgallerywerecrowdedwhen700Legionaries-menand women,youngandold,andpriestsoftheArchdiocese-pledgedthemselves anewtotheimmaculateleaderattheirfirstaciesmeeting.

theyareproperlyarmed.Inthewarfarewearewagingthattruthwas learnedlongago.SotheLegion sendsyouforthinthenameandpower ofJesusandMary.

"Doyourealisewhatthatmeans?

DoyourealisethatbyBaptism,that vitalunionbetweenyouandChrist hasbeenestablished,thatChristdoes andcanliveineachoneofus?That iswhatHemeantwhenHesaid:"Iin youandyouinMe.'

AddressbyFatherR.J. Murphy,S.J.

Friday,7:Shorthand,5--6.30p.m.Room9. OrchestraandDanceBand,8p.m.Room9.

he]pwaita-,table:,washanddryup, etc.

April28:PhyllisDeanHall.Irwin Street. May8:TownHall.

L.B.A.GROUP.

CanteenSerTke

C.W.O.GROUP.

GIRLSONTEAROSTER(5p.m.-7 p.m.),APRIL28,ATPHYLLIS DEAN.

BariAtkinson,RomaAtkinson,MargaretAtkinson,PamCooke,Judy Cooke,SheilaDella,Win.Devine,Pat Donohue,FrancesDoyle,NaonieFoster,FaySmythe.

Girlsondutyarerequiredtoattend assoonaspossibleafter5p.m.,to

April26:PhyllisDeanHall.Irwin Street. May5:TownHall.

DramaticGroup

Tuesday,April27,willbeacasting nightforplaysforthenextConcert. Wehavethreeplaysonhand,andall girlsinterestedareaskedtocome along.Don'tforget,Tuesday,April 27,at8pmintheClubRooms.

POLANDWILLBETHETEST

HaditnotbeenforanundertakinggivenbyBritaiatoPolandjust fouryearsago,Europemightnothavebeeninthemiddleofoneof themostterriblewarsinallrecordedhistory.ButBritaingaveher wordtomaintainPolandasanindependentstateandtothehonouroftheEnglishpeopleinSeptember,1939,Britainkeptherword. BritainenteredthewartomaintaintheintegrityofPoland.When thefightingisoverandthediplomatssharpentheirknivesbeneath theconferencetable,thetestwillbethen,asinSeptember,1939--Poland.

ThePolishpeopleinhabitawide openplainonthegreathighwaybetweenBerlinandMoscow.Asmall people.apoorpeople,thePoleshave forcenturiesbeenalternatelycrushed bythemightofCzaristRussiaand ImperialPrussia.ButtheresurrectionofPolandwasrecognisedbyboth NaziGermanyandtheSovietUnion. NaziPerfidy.

Onthe26th.January,1934,Poland andGermansignedaPactofNon-Aggression.TheGermanGovernment declared,asdidthePolishGovernment, thatinnocasewoulditresorttothe useofforcetosettleanyquestionin dispute.

InJanuary,1939,Hitlercelebrated thefifthanniversaryofthePolish-GermanPact,fullyendorsingit.Eight monthslater,indefianceofherpledged word,Germanbrokethepact,resorted toforceandwithoutjustcausewaged waronPoland.

Onthe25th.July,1932,Polandand theUnionofSocialistSovietRepublics,byapactofnon-aggression,recordedthefactthattheyrenounced warasaninstrumentofnational policyintheirmutualrelationsand reciprocallyundertooktorefrainfrom takinganyaggressiveactionagainst orinvadingtheterritoryofeachother, eitheraloneorinconjunctionwith otherpowers.

GermanyandRussia,bothofthem pledgednevertowagewaronPoland, byasordidandterriblebargaininvadedPolandanddividedbetweenthem thehomelandofthePolishpeople.A Christiancommunitybecamesubjectto theoverlordshipoftwoantiehristian powers.

Germanybrokeherword.Russia brokeherword.Britainkepther word.UntilPolandisrestoredthere willbenopeaceinEurope,forPoland isthetest.-"TheCatholicWorker."

Thechurchwasinsemi-darkness. Exceptfortwocandlesonthehigh altar,onlyalife-sizestatueoftheImmaculteConceptionwithcandlesin front,stoodatthealtarrailsinthe spotlightofsidelamps.

Twobytwo,thelegionariesapproachedthestatue,and,placingtheir handsonit,inwardlypronouncedthe pledgetheyhadtaken12monthsbefore.HymnstoOurLadyweresung duringtheceremony.

TheRosarywasdevoutlyrecited, andaspecialaddresswasdeliveredby theRev.FatherR.J.Murphy,S.J.

Bycontrast,thechurchwasbrilliantlylightedforBenedictionofthe MostBlessedSacrament,asthesacred ministersingoldvestmentswereprecededonthesanctuarybyacolytes bearinglanterns.Thehighaltarwas decoratedwithhundredsofcandles andmassesofroses.

Inthecourseofhisaddress,Father Murphysaidthatasaresultofthe12 monthsgonebytherewere1,750membersand2,500auxliariesintheArchdiocese.

"Thesefigurescannotanddonottell usofthebuildingupandfortifyingof thespirituallifeofeverylegionary," hesaid.

"Theycannottellusofthemiracles ofgracewroughtbyMarythrough herfaithfulworkers,ofthebattleswon forChristbythosewhofoughtunder thebanneroftheLegion.

"Aswethinkofthesethings,thefirst thoughtthatmustoccurisunbounded 'gratitudetoAlmightyGodandHis MotherforwhatOurLadyhasdone forandthrougheachoneofusinthe last12months.

"Butgratitudeisnotenough.As theaciesyouareasanarmydrawn upinbattlearray.Toputthatin modernlanguage,youareinthefront line.Asyougoforwardto-nightto renewyourconsecration,youmustrememberthatyouwillbecalledupon tomakegoodthepromiseyouare goingtorenew.

FutureoftheLegion.

"Inagreatmeasure,inourhands reststhefutureoftheLegioninSydney.Asweare,sowillfuturegenerationsbe.Wehavetosettheheadlineinwhichthey,intimestocome, willfashionthemselves.Ifwefail,if wearemediocre,ifourloveofOur Ladyisonlyofthelipsandnotofthe heart,then,indeed,wouldwehaveto lookwithmuchmisgivingonthefuture oftheLegioninSydney.

"Butyouarenotalone.Thereis onethingthatthiswarhastaughtus -that,howeversuperiorthecourage ofthemenmaybe,itisuselessunless

"Hespeaksofthisunionintheterms ofthevineandthebranches.St. Paul,theApostle,speaksofitinthe termsoftheheadandmembers.It doesnotmatterwhichyouchose.They bothmeanthatJesusChristlivesand dwellsineachofus.Hehasnohands inthisworldbutourhands,nofeetto visitthesickbutourfeet,nolipsto speakawordoftruth,comfortand strengthbutours.Intruth,weare, asSt.Paulsays,'Ilive,notI,but Christlivethinme.'

"TheLegionputsitsidealbeforeus. Itsstandardsarehighandheroic.It demandsachildlikesubmissiontoauthority,asenseofdutythatnever sleeps,perseveranceinthefaceofdifficultythatwillneveracknowledgedefeat.Itasksaloyaltyneverfailing, andaself-sacrificethatnevercounts ,hecost TheDoctrineofLove.

"Soitiswecanlearnofthegreat doctrineoflove.TheFirstCommandmentis'Thoushaltlovethe LordthyGod,withthywholesoul, withallthystrengthandwithallthy mind.'BecauseofthatunionbetweenourselvesandChrist,welove Himwithallourheart.WeyieldourselvesuptoHim-unionofhearts, unionofmind.

"Thesecondpartofthedoctrine teachestheSecondCommandment: 'Thoushaltlovethyneighbourasthyself.' f* Weareconsciousofthefact thatinthemwehaveJesusChrist,and inthemweserveHim.

"Youhaveherethatdoctrine.Do yourealiseit?Isitsomethingthat isreallyinmylife?OrisitsomethingIforgetmostofthetime?There isaremedyathand.Turntoher whoisthemotheroftheMystical Body.Ifyouwanttounderstandthis doctrineoftheMysticalBody,you havetogototheheartoftheMystery' oftheIncarnation,whereyouwillfind themother.Maryfirstbroughtforth thehead.Shewatchedoverit,tendedit,caredforit,followeditthrough life,andwaspresentatitsdeath.BeforeHedied,Christgavehertous asourmother.Sheisthemotherof usall.Turntoherasaloving mother,andaskhertodeepeninus everydaythatloveofJesusChrist, thatwemaybecomebetter,morelov ngandfaithfulfollowersofJesusand Mary."

ALEXRODOREDA

TurfCommissionAgent

802HAYSTREET.

crIvr\ITFORWACHARITIES RingB5841andB5236.

ofgeneralInterest

RomeSeesfilm

Depictingthe Pope'sCareer

"PastorAngelicus,'afilmrecordof theHolyFather'slife,wasshownin Romeforthefirsttimerecently.

Thefameofthisfilm,saysVatican Radio,owesnothingtoromance; neitherisitmeredocumentation.

TheSistineChoirplaysalargepart init-itschantisheardincreasingly asEugenePacelli'sbrilliantcareer bringshimevernearerthesplendour ofthePontificalthrone.

CanadianCardinal Tellsof"Attachment toRussia"

LENINONRELIGION

PILOTOFFICERSTANLEYP. KELLY,A.I.C.A., recentlyreceivedhisCommission,asa Pilot,andwashomeonleaveforafew days.SonofMrs.E.Kelly,of41 Gregory-street,Wembley,andthelate Mr.JosephKelly,Stanwaseducated attheChristianBrothers'College(now Aquinas),andinhisLeavingyear sharedtheDuxofthatschool.In sportmostofhistimewasdevotedto footballandswimming;hewasalso aninter-schoolswimmer.Hebecame ahockeyplayerforOldAquinians afterleavingschool,andwaspresident ofthatclubforatime.Heisat'AssociateoftheCommonwealthInstitute ofAccountants,andpriortoenlisting intheR.A.A.F.wasattachedtothe CommonwealthBank,Perth.Hewas alsodoingapart-timecourseatthe UniversityforhisBachelorofEconn. micsDegree.

TENPOINTSfOR CATHOLICSERVICEMEN

Mgr.Nelligan,BishopofPembroke andOrdinarytotheCanadianForces, hassenttoeveryCatholicServiceman aprayerbookcardbearingthese10 "reminders":

1.BetruetoGod,toyourself,and toothers.

2.BepracticalCatholics;attend Massregularly,gofrequentlytoConfessionandCommunion,edifyallby yourexample;rememberyourepresenttheCatholicChurchinyourunit.

3.SeekouttheCatholicchaplain themomentyoujoinaunit;make himyourfriendandadviser.

4.CarryamedalandPledgeofVictoryCross(thisisCardinalHinsley's Cross);kissthelatterdevoutlyeach timeyouputonyourtunic;useyour prayerbookandrosarydaily;realise thatprayeristhelifeofthesoul.

5. Whenthereisaquestionof marriage,lookbeforeyouleap;consultyourchaplainandfollowhisadvice.

6.Avoiddrunkenness,blasphemy, uncleannessinanyform:thesearenot themarksofthestrongbutofthe weakling.

7.Putyourfreetimetogooduse; improveyourreligiousknowledgeby joiningadiscussiongroup;ifthereis noneinyourunithelpthechaplainto organiseone.

8.Writehomeoften:encloseaCommunioncardfrequently;nothingwill bringyourlovedonesgreaterconsolation.(Communioncardsnotethe datewhenthesoldierreceivedHoly Communionandaresignedbythe chaplain).

9.Beanapostleinyourunit;help thechaplainbringbackfallen-away ratholics;thisisrealCatholicAction.

10.Offeryoursacrificeseveryday inunionwiththesufferingsofOur BlessedLordinHisSacredPassion; rememberthatyouhaveonesoulto save,OneGodtolove,oneEternityto expect.

ThefilmshowsthePope'sworkfor prisonersinthelastwar;itshowshim intheVaticanGardens,inthegrandeurofdiplomaticaudiencesandin thehomelinessofthe"VaticanWednesdays"-theaudiencesinwhichthe

CARDINALVILLENEUVE.

CardinalVilleneuve.Archbishopof Quebec,makesacleardistinctionbetweentheRussianpeopleandatheisticRussianCommunisminamessage toMr.J.S.McClean,chairmanofthe CanadianAidtoRussiaFund.

Canadians,saysHisEminence,while admiringthevalouroftheRussian peopleintheirresistancetothecommonenemy,mustcontinuetoprotect theircountryagainstatheisticCommunism,"thepropagationofwhich wouldembroilourpeopleinclassstruggleandrevolution.

"Christiancharitynaturallyinclines oursoulstoaidthemintheirtroubles, toalleviatethemiseryofallthosewho sufferasvictimsofanunjustwar.

"Thereisforthosewhodemurthe admirableexamplegiventotheworld

POPEPIUSXII.

Popedelightstomeetandtalktothe newly-weds.

"PastorAngelicus-tookeightmonths tomake.Nearly100,000feetoffilm wasused,butofthisonly6,000feetis seeninthefinalrevision.

Notasinglescenewasactedforthe film,whichisdescribedbyVatican Radioas"asimplepresentationofthe lifeandativityofPiusXII."

Meetings,.

OnMonday,May3,at2.30p.m.,the executivewillmeetintheLeague Rooms.

OnMonday,May10,themonthly generalmeetingwillbeheldinthe LeagueRoomsat2.30p.m. Conference.

TheannualConferencewillbeginat 10a.m.onMay4.ThemorningsessionwillbeheldintheLeagueRooms andtheafternoonsession,whichwill beginat3o'clock,willtakeplacein theCathedralHall,Murray-street.It ishopedthatallmemberswillendeavourtoattend.Aspecialinvitationtobepresentisextendedtodelegatesfromcountrybranches. GeneralCommunion.

Sunday,May9,isthedayappointedfortheannualGeneralCommunion. Onaccountoftransportdifficulties,it hasbeendecidedthatmembersofthe differentbrancheswillreceiveCommunioninabodyintheirrespectiveparishchurches.

Inhisbook,"Religion,"Leninsays:

"Atheismisanintegralpartof Marxism.Consequentlyaclass-consciousMarxistpartymustcarryon propagandainfavourofAtheism."

"Thepartymustnotbeindifferent tolackofclass-consciousness,toignoranceorinsanityintheshapeofrefiliousbeliefs."

Lenin'sviewsonanti-religiouspropaganda"AtthesametimetheProletarianStatecarriesonanti-religious propagandawithallthemeansatits command,andreconstructsthewhole ofitsinternationalworkonthebasis ofscientificmaterialism."

BRIDGEPARTY.

ABridgeEveningfortheCarmelite SisterswillbeheldonThursdayevening,May13,attheStirlingSocial Rooms,cornerHayandMilliganSts., Perth.Forreservedtablespleasering MissChesson,A.M.P.,B9106,ofMrs. McGann,21Roy-street,Mt.Lawley, B6932.

byPopePiusXI,who20yearsago organisedacommissiontoaidtheRussiansinallsortsofprivations. "To-dayagain,ifourhelpshould servetoliftthemoutofadeepermisery,weshouldnothesitatetoprocure somereliefforthem,asamarkofors sympathyandmostsincereattachment."

AHIERN'S

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PERTH,THURSDAY,APRIL22,1943.

TResurreciion

Amongthemany-sidedaspectsofthePaschalFeast,noneis moreimportantthanthepracticalandpersonalonethatappliesto theindividual.FromthisangletheResurrectiontypifiesapersonalspiritualresurrection,arisingfromthebondageofsintoa lifeofgrace.TheperiodofLentreallyrepresentsahugecorporateretreat,inwhichtheUniversalChurchparticipates,culminatingonEasterSunday.VeryappropriatelyhastheChurch placedtheminimumobligationofapproachingtheSacraments withinthePaschalseason.Eastershouldmeanformanythefavourableannualopportunityofbeginningthespirituallifeafresh. EventothemostlaxandlukewarmoftheChurch'schildren. hereissomethingveryspecialaboutEaster.Itisthefeastof incrediblehope.PreciselybecauseOurLordconquereddeath anddespair,istherehopeofspiritualregeneration.evenforthe mostabandoned.throughthemeritsofthatvictoryconsummated onCalvaryandforeverconfirmedontheEasternmorn.

*

Corporately,Easteristheseasonofjoythroughoutthewhole Church,whichis"exceedingglad"inthetriumphofHerLord. Primarilythisspiritcentresaroundthepersonalvindicationof ChristoverHisenemies.Butitisaspiritverydifferentfrom thatoftheshallow,ephemeraljoyofthehedonist.Foritsprings notfromthegratificationofthesensesoranyselfishpleasure.It isChristocentric,havingitssourceinHimWhoistheAuthorof everygoodandperfectgift.Moreover,itiseternalasGodHimself.Amazinglyenough,itcananddoesco-existwiththetrials anddifficultiesofevery-daylife.AndthisisasChristmeantit tobe.HeconceivedHisChurchasareligionofjoy-anaspectof Catholicismwhichisnotsufficientlyemphasised,andonewhich inanageofalternatingphilosophicdespairandartificiallybolsteredpleasure,cannotbetooconstantlyreiterated.And.indeed.on purelyrationalgrounds,theworldwillhavelittlehopeandlessreal happinessuntilitrealisesthatChristisindeedrisenandestablishedontherighthandofHisFather,asKingofmenandnations.

* * *

AfinalstrikingconsiderationoftheResurrectionofJesusis thatitsuppliestheonlyreallyadequateexplanationofwhathas beencalledtheproblemof"evil."1Vhvthegoodsufferandthe evilflourishhaslongbeenastumblingblocktothemoralist. seeming,insomewaysderogatoryaliketotheWisdomand GoodnessofGod.Nodoubttheexplanationsofthephilosophers aresoundenough,butfewhavetalentortimeenoughtodigest them.ButChrist,inHisrisingfromthedead,standsforthe ultimatetriumphofgoodoverevilandtruthoverfalsehood.And thisfinalvictory.moreover,isgiveneternalfixity.Sothattemporalmiseries,greatastheycanbe,areyetnotworthy.asSt.Paul observed,tobecomparedwiththeglorytocome.Andlastly,in theResurrectionofOurLordisthepromiseandthepledgeof ourownresurrection,wherebyweshallshareintheultimateVictoryoftheKingshipofChristinthemeasureinwhichwehave strivenfortheattainmentofthatKingdomonearth.

Vatican-SovietTreaty'

AnalysisofitsImplications

PapalAttitudeto Russia

AproposoftherumouredrapprochementbetweenRussiaandtheVatican, thefollowingilluminatingarticleappcaredasaneditorialinthelatest issuetohandoftheMelbourne"Tribune"-

Itremainstobeseenwhetherthere isanytruthintherumoursnowcurrentofadiplomaticunderstandingto heattemptedbetweentheVaticanand SovietRussia;buttheirassociation withthenameofArchbishopSpellman, ofNewYork,andwithMichaelWilliams,ofthe"Commonweal"-whoisa Catholicauthorofsomerepute-seem toindicatethattheremaybesubstance behindthetalkofanegotiation.We havesaidbefore,andnowrepeat,that noillwilltowardstheRussianpoweror peoplehaseverbeenthemotiveofthe PapalcondemnationoftheSovietsystem.Thewarwasdeclar;,d,noti Rome,butbyMoscow,whenitproceededtoapply,indealingwiththe Catholics,aswellasotherreligious bodiesunderSovietrule,theprinciple ofanti-religiousmilitancylaiddown byMarxandLeninasalogicalconse quenceoftheirphilosophyofrevolutionarymaterialism.

Now,theconcernofVaticanpolicy indealingwithGovernmentsto-dayis averysimpleone.ThePontiff'scbjectiveistheprotectionofhisflockin theirrighttoworship,topreachthe Gospel,tolivetheChristianlife,and tobringuptheirchildreninaChristianfashion.Heisnotconcerned,in hisdiplomacy,withconvertingrulers fromtheirsocialorreligiousheresies, orwithpersuadingthemtoacceptthe CatholictheoryofStaterights.If theyarewillingtoguaranteetheminimumofreallibertyrequiredforthe Catholiclifetobemaintained,andis thereisareasonablehopethatthe pledgewillbeobserved,anagreement cangenerallybereached.

InthecaseoftheU.S.S.R.,thePapacy,throughanunofficialenvoy,Mgr. D'Herbigny,madetheutmosteffortto arriveatanunderstandinginthefirst yearsoftheRevolutionaryregime.The limitofpossibleconcessionwasoffered-and,intheopinionofsome,even exceeded,butwithoutsuccess.The intensityofanti-Christianactivityhas variedatdifferenttimesinthelast twenty-fiveyears;butthesechanges weremeremattersofstrategy.The principleofhostilityremained;the basisoftheStatewasnotneutrality. butsectarianatheism,anditsobject wastheextinctionofthe"disease"of religionbyonemeansoranother.The "FreedomofWorship"nominallygrantedwasseverelyrestricted,andthose whoexercisedit-especiallyclergywere"suspect"andcontinuallyharassed,manyofthembeingimprisoned, oftenunderappallingconditions,onthe lightestpretext.Alleducationwas State-controlledandbasedonmaterialism;publicChristianpropaganda, andtheteachingofreligiontochildren under18,wereforbidden.Christian workscouldnotbeprintedonSoviet presses;noplacesexistedfortraining theclergywhichwereofficiallypermittedorrecognised.Ontheotherhand, thepropagandaofatheismwasactively anddiligentlypursued,bothamong theyoungandadult,andnoonebuta reliable"Partymember"acceptingthe officialideologycouldhopetoriseto anypostofresponsibleauthorityinthe civiladministrationortheServices.

Thearticlepublishedinourlastissue givessomeindicationthatthissituationhasbeenseriouslymodifiedin practiceunderstressofthewaremergency.Theannoyancetoreligious

worshippershasceased;officers,aswell asmen,oftheRedArmymayattend theOrthodoxMasswithoutmolestation.Thepressnolongergrosslyinsultsreligion,andpapershortagehas ledtothedisappearance:iftheGodlessorgan,"llezhbozhnik."This,itis obvious,isfarfromjustifyingtheview, heldbysuchzealotsastheDeanof Canterbury,thatRussiaisgloriously Christian;and,sofarastheCatholic Churchisconcerned,itistobenoted thatalltheCatholicseesinRussiaare vacant,andtheonlyofficiallyrecog. nisedpriestisthechaplaintothe Frenchlegation.TheBishopwhowas permittedtoactasChaplaintothe PolishForcesinRussiawasnotallow. edtomakecontactwithanyofthe numerousPolishpopulationoutsidethe army.Finally,theattitudeofthe CommunistPartyinBritain-which maybepresumedtoconformtothe ":eneralline"dictatedbyMoscowshowsnosignofcompromiseinits secularisthostilitytoChristianeducation.

ThePapacyhashadrecentexperienceofaConcordatwithHitlerwh;ch hasbeenconsistentlyandbrutallyviolated;anditistobepresumedthat PiusXII.willtakealltheprecautions inhispowerindealingwiththeSoviet, tominimisetheriskofbeingdupedan-1 befooledbymenwhomighthave:1 intentionofcarryingouttheirpledrs, butbesimplyconcernedwiththeex. pediencitsofwar-propaganda. Th-possibilityexists,however,thatan agreementmightbeconcludedwhich wouldimprovethesituationofOath°. hi,inRussia,andredoundtothebenefitofotherbelieversalso,thoughobviouslythePopecannotcontractexceptonbehalfofhisownspiritualchildren.Ifpermanenttolerationwere achieved,itwouldimplythatthepure doctrineofMarxandLeninhadceasedtobethebasisoftheSovietState. thoughamodifiedformofitwouldno doubtberetained,withofficialvenerationoftherevolutionaryheroesand fathers.

Finally,itmustberealisedthat, whatevertermsmaybemadewith theRussianState,therecanbeno alterationintheChurch'sofficialattitudetotheThirdInternationaland theCommunistPartyhere,whiletheir philosophyandpoliticalmethodremain whattheyareto-day.ThematerialistschemeforwhichtheystandinvolvesadenialoftheRealityofGod, andaradicalperversionoftheview ofhumanlifeanditsmeaning;their doctrineofthetrucelessclass-warinvolvestheacceptanceofallmethods ofaction,howeverunscrupulous,as legitimateinordertoachievetheobjectiveofproletarian-socialistdomination,terrorandoppressionbeingregardedasnormalmeansof"liquidating"theclassesopposedtothem, whethertheindividualsconcernedare guiltyorinnocent.Moreover,their revolutionaryinternationalisminvolves adenialofthedutyofcivilobedience andloyaltytowhichallcitizensare normallybound.While,then,Communismremainswhatitis,Christian, whoknowwhatspirittheyareof, havenocoursebuttoopposeitrelentlesslyasasystem,howevermuchthey mayadmirecertainparticularfeatures orachievementsofSovietRussia,or sympathisewiththeMarxistrevolt againsttheinjusticeandhypocrisyof capitalism.Apeaceontermswitha paganorhereticStatedoesnotinvolvecondonationofpaganismorheresy;andaRussian-Vaticantreaty wouldleavetheChurchpreciselywhere ithasbeeninrelationtotheworld activitiesoftheRedRevolution.-"The Tribune."

(Lettersshouldbeasbriefaspos Bibleand,evenwnereanom-de-plume isemployed,mustbearthewriter's nameandaddress,asatokenofbonafides.Nonoticewillbetakenof anonymouscorrespondence.)

SLEEPINGSICKNESS.

Sir,-Somepeopledon'tseemtiirealisejustwhatsortofaworldwelive inwhentheytalkofourgettingtoo muchdisheduptousonCommunism. IfourCatholicsweren'tsohopelessly ignorantaboutitandsufferingfrom suchabadattackofsleeping-sickness, wemightnotbeinthepresentsocial messwithrevolutionthreateningto rearitsuglyheadoverthehorizon.Your!,etc., SNAPOUTOFIT.

Perth,19/4/'43.

GROUNDRENTALS.

Sir,-"That'swhatIstandfor-the Socialisationoflandrentsandthe abolitionoftaxation."Ourtaxation

1 hasbeensoframedthatthemiddle manisableto"passthebuck"onto theconsumer,andthiswillapplyto groundrentalsaswell.SurelyMr. BobTindallisnotsuchansimpleton astoimaginethatthemiddlemanisso altruisticallymindedastorefrainfrom passingonhisshareoftaxationwhen inthepositiontodoso?Possiblyhe considersthatsuchataxcannotbe passedon.

Alargecityemporiumafterpaying thegroundrentaldemandedofit, couldputanextrapennyonthe1,000,000articlessold,whereasasuburban shop,payingasmallergroundrental, neednotputmorethanoneextra pennyon250,000articlessold,andstill beabletocompetewithitsmorepow erfulrival.Callarosebyanyother name,anditwillsmellassweet.

ItisuptoMr.BobTindalltoshow howtaxationwillbeabolishedbycollectingallgroundrentals.Asecond gentlemanwithaone-trackmindisthe personwhoconsidersthatinterestis therootofallevil.Thereareatleast fourothersthatplayabigpartin causingashortageofpurchasing power:

1.Overaperiodofyearsbankers havebeencancellingmoneyatagreaterratethantheyhaveissuedit.

a SouthernCross.

2.Noindustrypaysoutenoughin courseofmanufacturetoequalthe pricesofthearticlesputonthemarket.

3.Somepeoplesavemoneyoutof theirwagesandreinvestitinnewproduction.

4.Machineryisdisplacingmanpower. Andtothiscanheaddedunearned increment-ablockboughtfor£100 andsoldfor£500.WiththepermissionoftheEditor,thesepointscanbe treatedindetail.-Yours,etc., V.EDWARDS.

LIBRARYLECTURES.

Sir,-ItwaswithsomedismayI readthroughtheprogrammeofLibraryLecturesinyourissueofApril 15.Abit"solid,"don'tyouthink?Imeanthesubjectstobediscussed.Or amIjustan IGNORAMUS? VictoriaPark.

LOFTY? I

Sir,-IseethatthefortnightlylecturesattheCatholicCentralLibrary aretoberesumedonApril30.Good work!Atfirstsightthesubjects-or atleastsomeofthem-wouldseemto berather"lofty,"butinthehandsof theverycapablespeakerslisted,they shouldbeofgreatinterestandmost informative.-Yours,etc., WELLWISHER. Fremantle.

BRAINSORCOURAGE NEEDED.

Sir,-TheincorrigibleMr.Tindall says,amongstotherthings,thatifthe Popeisinfallible,heoughttohave thebrainstodosomeorganisingto implementthedoctrinesheteaches. ThePopeisonlytheheadofthegreatestorganisationonearth-theCatholicChurch!

Mr.Tindallsays,too,thatindividual Catholicshavenotthebrainstotake theinitiative.Maybethere'ssomethinginthat-orisitthattheyhave thebrainsbutnottheenergyorcouragetousethem?---Yours,etc.,

E.J.B.

Leederville,19/4/1:;

STILLMR.TINDALL!

(Continued,.)

Sir.-IftheChurchisnutconcerned witheconomics,whythefussinthe VaticanwhenCatholicinvestmentsare threatened?Again,"TheChurchwas nottosupplymenwithbreadandbutter." Iagree. Idon'twanttosee thehurchbecomeabigsoupkitcheneither.LetmenEARNtheir foodandothergoodsinadecenteconomicorder,wheretherearenobludgerswholiverichlyandproduce nothing.

Letable-bodiedmensupplytheir ownbreadandbutterbyhonestwork. Furtheronyousay,"TheChurch'stask istoleadmentoeternalhappiness." Eternitytomymindembracesthe wholeoftime,pastandfuture.Grantingthisdesire,veryhuman,thisaim tosecureaeonsofpost-datedhappinessatsomeotherpointinspace, Icannotforthelifeofmeseehow,by neglectingamoraldistributionof wealthhere,byneglectingmoralissues onthisplanet,oneisentitledtoafterworldhappiness.Itsoundslikean excusefordodgingtheissue.

Whenvastportionsoftheland'ssurfaceoftheeartharerentedoutto whomthePopedoescallGod'schildren,bytheforemostlandlordswho appropriateenormousrentsfromchoice positions,andlendthisunearnedrent togovernments(?)atinterest,it'slike payingfortheprivilegeoflivingona worldvirtuallyownedbyCapitalists.

Iseenothingmoralabouttherent andinterestsofpettylandlords,orthe highcastelandlordsthePopeassociateswith.

TheHolyFatherwouldcriticisethe manwhoseduceda1,000womenmore thanhewouldcriticisethemanwith onlyonelapseinthisdirection.How isitthePopedoesnotcondemnthose powerfullandlordswhocollectathousandtimesmorerentandinterestthan themeanslumlandlord?Bothtypes arelivinginsin-economicsin.

Itdoesnotmatterwhetheraman isaCommunist,AtheistoraPriest,he hasnoright,NOMORALRIGHT,to liveontherentoflandortherenton money.Anytalkofcompensating landlordsislikesuggestingcompensationforpickpockets.

Rent,interestandwagesaretheonly threeitemsincommerce.Doyou realiseyouonlygetone-thirdofyour wages,theothertwo-thirdsgoasrent andinterest(taxes)totherulinglandlordsandmoney-lenderswhoreap wheretheyhavenotsown?

DoesthePoperealisethis?Sixteen hours'payforforty-eighthourswork!

Areyousatisfiedwiththat,Mr.Editor andMr.Gilbert?

When,orshallIsayIF,yougetto thiseternalabodeofblissbeyondthe "rare,andyoulookbacktoseeyour children,andallthechildrenofmen, strugglingtopaytaxes,youhavehelpedtopileupinyourlifetime-doyou thinkyouwillbeabletofeelanyhappiness?

Thebiggestdufferatschoolwillsee that7,000,000Australianscannotpossiblypayoffanationaldebtnowex-

(cedingoneandaquarterthousand millionpounds. WillVOUnutcareadamnforyour childrenortheNationalDebtonceyou passfromtheCatholicportionofthe cemeterytotheCatholicportionof Heaven?

You'dhavetohaveaheartofstone andIamnotgoingtoindulgein"vulgarabuse"bysayingyouhave. I canonlyplaceyouontrialandletyou givetheverdictnextweek

Imayhavelimitstomyflightsof fancy,butevenifIdidmakeafetish of"eternalhappiness,"Iwouldnotbe sounintelligentastothinkIcould endurethateternalhappinessby neglectingtostudythemoralityofrulingrentandintereststealers,whoin everycountrycontrolthepress,educationandradio-eventheCatholic Church,itseemstome,ifthePope doesnotencouragethestudyof,andis notconcernedwithShylock'seconomics.Iwantreligiontostudythe grimrealitiesofthislife.

InJapanthereisreligionandthe "bigstick"tosuppresseventhementionofthesocialisationoflandrents, butiftheVicarofChristismorally superiortotheSonofHeaven,he shouldhavesomethingtosayabout thisobviouslymoralquestion.

Ihavegonetoalotoftroubleto showyouthatthesocialisationofland rentsisNOTcontrarytonaturallawnotanti-social,notimmoral,notdishonest.-Yours,etc., BOBTINDALL.

(TobeContinued.)

(SeeMr.Gilbert'sremarksin"WithoutApology,"onPage4.)

CATHOLICNURSES

SOCIALEVENING

Wecordiallyinviteyoutoourthird monthlyentertainmentonMay4,at8 p.m.,intheCatholicGirls'Movement Rooms,St.George'sTerrace.Bridge fortheseriousandentertainmentfor thefrivolouswillbethekeynoteofthe evening.AreyourCatholicnursing friendsinterestedinBridge?Ifso, askthemalong-andbooktablesby ringingM.Howard,secretary,MU1433. Goodprizesandsupperwillbeprovided.

EASTERSUNDAYAT ST.MARY'SCATHEDRAL

ANZACDAYCOMMEMORATIONAT

7.30p.m.

Masseswillbecelebratedat7,8,9, 10,and11a.m.The11o'clockMass willbeaSolemnHighMass,atwhich HisGracewillpreside.Rev.Father Regan,C.SS.R.,willbethepreacher.

TheCathedralBoys'Choir,underthe directionofRev.A.Lynch,willrender themusicoftheMass,whichwillbe byPerosi.Lotti's"ReginaCoeli"will besungattheOffertory.A-feature ofSunday'smusicwillbethepresentationforthefirsttimeofanewsettingofthe"EcceSacerdosMagnus," byDr.EdgarC.Ford.

EVENINGDEVOTIONS.

EveningDevotionswillcommenceat 7.30p.m.SincetherulesoftheLiturgyprecludethepossibilityofhaving theusualSolemnRequiemonAnzac Day(whichfallsonEasterSunday) thisyear,thedaywillbecommemoratedatEveningDevotions.Rev.C. Vawdrey,0.F.M.,Chaplaintothe R.A.A.F.,PerthArea,willpreachthe occasionalsermon.TheCathedral Boys,Choir,underthedirectionof Rev.A.Lynch,willrendermusicby Pallestrina,Praglia,andDr.C.Edgar Ford.

00

citreObioCeoe

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

April30-8p.m.:AttendopeningLectureof1943SeriesatCentralCatholic Library.

May2-8a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral: CelebrateMassonoccasionofAnnualCommunionofNewmanSociety.

12.15p.m.:AttendannualcelebrationsinhonourofSt.Joseph,atthe HomeoftheLittleSistersofthe Poor,Glendalough.

May4:AttendAnnualGeneralMeeting oftheCatholicWomen'sLeague.

Mar9:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmationatSt.Mary'sChurch,Merredin.

Rev,FatherRegan,C.SS.R.,will preachon"TheFaithoftheResurrection,"atthe11o'clockMassatSt. Mary'sCathedral,onEasterSunday.

NEWMANSOCIETY

TheAnnualGeneralCommunionof theSocietywilltakeplaceatSt.Mary's CathedralonSunday,May2,atthe8 o'clockMass.MembersoftheSocietywillassembleattheChapterHall, VictoriaSquare,at7.45a.m.

Aspecialtrolley-buswillleavefrom theFireStation,Claremont,at7a.m. TheCommunionBreakfastwillbe heldattheStirlingSocialRooms,cornerMilliganandHayStreets.

EnclosedI\etreats

("TheRecord"willbepleasedto publishinthiscolumnnoticesofRetreatstobeconductedformembersof ourvariousCatholicorganisations throughoutthecomingyear.Wesuggestthatadvicebesenttousassoon asarrangementshavebeencompleted ineachcase.)

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGEOLD BOYS'ASSOCIATION.

AsLabourDay,Monday,May3,is nowagazettedholiday,theOldBoys' RetreatwillcommenceonSaturday, May1,at8p.m.,andwillincludeSundayandMonday,concludinglateMondayeveningorearlyTuesdaymorning Retreatantsareadvisedtogetin touchwithJackO'Halloran(B5705or B4690),orGeorgeJeffs(L2581)assoon aspossible.Don'tforget,theRedemptoristMonastery,NorthPerth,onSaturday,May1.

SouthPerth MAYPROCESSION

At3p.m.onthefirstSundayin May,theannualprocessioninhonour ofOurLadywillbeheld.Theoccasionalsermonwillbepreachedbythe Rev.FatherBreslin,0.M.I.,Freman tle.ThecadetsofAquinasCollege willformtheguardofhonour.Men andwomeninuniformarecordiallyinvitedtowalkintheprocession.Of coursetheChildrenofMarySodalities ofthesuburbanparishesareagainwelcomedthisyear.Theprocessionwill leaveSt.Columba'sChurch,Forreststreet,SouthPerth,fortheschool groundsat3p.m.

AstherewillbenoEucharisticProcessioninOctober,theHolyName parochialbranchesarewelcometoparticipateinthisMayProcession.If delegates-fromanyoftheparochial branchescome,itwouldbeanadditionalfeatureweretheytobringtheir HolyNamebannerswiththem.

ChristopherHollisDefendstheClassics

RidiculousModernTheories onEducation

StudyWhatYouLikeEndsinStudyingNothing

Therehasbeenagreatandinsufficientlynotedchangeintheprogrammeofeducationalreformersaver thelastquarterofacentury.When theoffensiveagainstclassicaleducation waslaunchedduringthelastwar,it waslaunchedbysincere,ifmisguided, people,whohonestlythoughtthatboys andgirlswouldturnintobetterand moreefficientcitizensiftheywere taughtatschool"useful"subjectsinsteadofthelong-deadclassics.Most unfortunatelythosereformershaveto alargeextentwontheirvictory.While cantstilldenouncesthepublicschools asthehomesofconservatism,infact thoseschools,withtheirearshumiliatinglytotheground,haveallowedthem selvestobechangedalmostbeyondrecognitionandalmostentirelyforthe worse.Ashasbeenwellsaid,thetwo greatmarksofareactionary,inthe jargonofprogressiveeducation,areto objecttochildrenbeingsentcompulsorilytoschoolandtosuggestthat theyshouldbemadetolearnanything whentheygetthere.Fewpeopleany longerkeepuptheseriouspretence thatunderanyofthealternativeoptionstoclassicaleducationanybodyin factlearnsanythingwhatsoever,and whathashappenedisthatinthename ofeducationalreformeducationhas beenfranklyandfirmlyabolished.At

"Aformalsystemofeducationcannot possiblyproduceaShakespeare."

thepublicschooltheparentpaysan enormoussumofmoneynottohave hischildeducated,andatthefree schoolthetaxpayerpaysasimilarsum asaninsuranceagainstthereappearanceofanycultureinthecountry.

Butwhatissoextraordinarilyinterestingisthatthisisnolongerdenied inprogressivecircles.Theoriginalattackontheclassicswasmadebythe oldprogressiveswhoarguedthata classicaleducationwasabadeducationandunfittedthepupilsforthelater battleoflife.Butthenewprogressiveattackstheclassicaleducationfor exactlytheoppositereason.Itisno longerdeniedthatitisagreatadvantagetohavebeentoapublicschooland tohavehadaclassicaleducation,but itisaskedwhyshouldafewchildren havethisadvantage,whiletheunprivilegeddonothaveit?Whohas venturedtoexcuseamoietyofthe Gadarene',winefromattendingthe compulsoryparade?

Thedebateistosomeextentwhatis byacuriouseuphemismstillknownas academic-asifanythingwaseverdebatedanylongerinouracademies!But thereisaperfectlydefinitereasonwhy itisforthegoodofallthatsomepeople,atanyrate,inasocietyshouldbe possessedofacertainamountofcultureandwhy,ifallcannotbecultured, itisatanyratebetterthatsomeshould bethannone.Mr.Eliotputsthat argumentmostadmirablyandlucidly inhisaddresstotheclassicalassociationon"TheClassicsandtheManof Letters,"whichImosthighlyrecommend.Itisperfectlytrue,totake

theexampleofthewriter,thatthe qualitieswhichmakethegreatscholar arebynomeansthesameasthequalitieswhichmakethegreatcreative writer.Itwouldbeahighimprobabilitythatthegreatscholarwouldalso beagreatwriter.Therearetemptationstopedantryinover-greatlearning thatitisalmostbeyondhumannature whollytoresist,andacademicmen rarelywritewell.Weare,ontheother hand,sooftentoldthatShakespeare had"littleLatinandlessGreek."But, ifShakespearecouldwritehisplaysalthoughhehadbutlittleLatinandless Greek,itissufficientlyobviousthathe couldnothavewrittenthemunlesshe hadlivedinasocietyinwhichagreat manyotherpeopleknewalotmore LatinandalotmoreGreekthanhedid. Aformalsystemofeducationcannot possiblyproduceaShakespeare.Such menareGod'sgiftstoMan.Whata formalsystemofeducationcandois toproduceabodyofpeoplewhocan

"Though.StalindoesnotattackMarx,

nooneseriouslysuggeststhathebelievesinhim."

understandShakespearewhenthey readhim.Ourdemandsaremodest. Thatisallthatweaskofourmodern education.Itisademandwhichit lamentablyfailstosatisfy.

Thewholemoderndemandthatpeopleshouldbeallowedtostudyat schoolwhatevertheywanttostudyis alamentablefolly,whichhasendedin theirstudyingnothing.Intheold daystherewasnocompulsivelawor conventionthat,becausepeoplehad firstlearntLatinandGreek,therefore theyshouldnever,throughoutalltheir life,learnanythingelse.Thebusiness oftheschoolwasratherfirsttoteach themhowtolearnand,thatlesson mastered,theycouldinafterlifeturn theirmindswhereverinterestornecessitymightleadthem.But,ifasociety wastobeasocietyatall,thenthere mustbeagenerallyacceptedstandard ofachievementwhichwasrequiredbeforeamancouldbeconsideredaseducated,andacommonlanguagein whicheducatedmencoulddiscusstheir problems"TheGreektonguebecause itwastheperfecttongueandtheLatin becauseithasfoughtandconquered thecenturies"satisfiedthesedemands astheycouldneverbesatisfiedinany otherway.Throughtheircommon culturegenerationcouldspeaktogeneration,andwritingwasnotintolerably dated,asithasbecomesincetheclas-

sics'decline.Withoutsuchcommon standards,literatureandcontroversy merelydegenerateintoabawling match.

Itistothat,thatallmoderncontroversieshavecomeorarerapidlycoming.Reasonedargumentisimpossible, becausethereisnoagreementatall uponthemeaningoftheterms,andwe degeneratetotherulefirstofthebarbarianfanaticandthentothatofthe barbariancynic.First,wegetthe manwhointhenameofhisnewgospel ruthlesslycrushesallopposition,and afterhimcomesthemanwhoseesthat thereisnoreasonwhyheshouldeven believehisowngospel.Itissufficientthathemerelysaysthathisisthe neworthodoxy,andifanybodyquestions,itismucheasiertoshootthan toanswer.LeninbelievedinMarx. Lenin'sopponentsattackedMarx,but, thoughStalindoesnotattackMarx, nooneseriouslysuggeststhathebelievesinhim.Itismucheasierjust toassertthatMarxwouldhaveapprovedofeverythingthatStalinwants todo.And,ifStalinwantstodotodaytheoppositeofwhathewantedto doyesterday,whythen,ofcourse,Marx wouldhaveapprovedofthattoo.

Thereisacuriousandsomewhatsinisteralliancethesedaysbetweenthe fewremainingclassicalscholarsandthe Philistines.Theclassicalscholars, losingtheirnerveasdonsdowhenthey havenoreligion,havebeencontentto pleadpatheticallyfortoleration,asif theywereanoddlittleesotericsect liketheHolyRollers."Whatharm canwedo,"theysay,"puttingtheaccentsontotheGreekwordsinour corner?Wepromisefaithfullynotto interferewithyouinallyourbuilding ofthenewJerusalem."ButGreekand Latinhaveplayedtoolargeapartin theformingofEuropeandintheformingofEnglishhistoryforsuchaminimisingroletobepossible.Noman cansaveEuropewhodoesnotunderstandGreek,andnomanwhounderstandscaninhonourremainsilent whileothersaremurderingEurope. GreekandLatinarenotinourculture bizarreirrelevancieslikePatagonianor classicalChinese.Theymustbeon thecommontongue.Theymustbe quotedagainintheHouseofCommons,

MarxwouldhaveapprovedofeverythingthatStalinwantstodo!!! ifevertheHouseofCommonsisgoing toregaintherespectofthenation.The man-in-the-streethasarighttoclaim withthescholarthatheistheinheritoroftheculturethathascomefrom GreeceandRome.Mr.Eliotwrites wiselyandbravelyof"theneed,ifthe presentchaosisevertobereducedto order,ofsomethingmorethananadministrativeoraneconomicunification -theneedofaculturalunificationin diversityofEurope,"andhebelieves "thatanewunitycanonlygrowon theoldroots:theChristianfaithand theclassicallanguageswhichEuropeansinheritincommon.Theseroofs are,Ithink,inextricablyintertwined. ThecultureofEurope,suchasit is,isaChristianculture,and,conversely,thetraditional'chylousfaithofEuinoludineBritain.cannotpreserve itsintellectualvigourunlessahigh standardofLatinandGreekscholarshipismaintainedamongstits teachers."

MyMother-in-Law

IfanythingeverhappenstoJack," Iremarkedcasuallyatmybridgeclub theotherday,"Iwouldliketolive withmymother-in-law."Thethree womenatmytablereactedasone. Theyputdowntheircards,leanedback intheirchairs,andstaredatme.

"Youwould?"Maryasked,anoteof wonderinhervoice."Minejustscares metodeath.Doyoureallylikeyour mother-in-law?"

"I'mcrazyabouther,"Isaid."We'd haveamarvelloustimelivingtogether."

"That'sbecauseyourmotherisn't living.Yourmother-in-lawhasbecomeasubstituteforyourown mother."

"Shehasnot,"Ideclared."She's 110moreamothertomethanahalfdozenotherwomenIknow,andlike less."

"Anyonecan,getalongwithher mother-in-lawifshedoesn'tmindbeingadoormat,"saidEdith,pickingup hercards"ThelessIseeofmy mother-in-lawthebetter."

"Howcanyoubesureofthatif you'venevergivenherachance?"I asked."Youmightfindshe'salovablepersonifyou'dmakeanattempt toknowher."

"Idon'tthinkit'sworththeeffort," sheyawned."Twospades."

Thatendedthesubjectforthebridge club,butnotforme.Whyshouldnt Ilikemymother-in-law?She'san intelligent,well-balanced,fair-minded personwithasparklingsenseofhumour.Ifweweretomeetatbridgeor teaoranysocialgathering,we'dbe immediatefriends.Thenwhyshould

Idislikehersimplybecauseshe'sthe motherofthemanImarried?I shouldn't,butbeforeIknewher,I did.Theverywordmother-in-law broughttomymindcountlessjokes andcartoons,alltheunpleasantremarksofmyfriendswhichsuggested adragonwho,ifgiventhechance, wouldtorturemefortherestofmy life.

TwodaysafterJackhadproposed tome,IreceivedanotefromNancy, hismother,invitingmetotea.Itwas afriendly,graciousnotesayingthat shewashappyJackhadfoundthe rightgirl.

"Softsoap,"Imutteredtomyself, andthrewthenoteinthewaste-basket.Nevertheless,Idressedcarefully, andwenttoherhomefortea.Asthe maidadmittedme,Ithought,"Gotell HerMajestythatExhibitAhasarrived."

Duringteawediscussedseveral writers,comparedourtastesinmusic, andfinally,Nancysaid,"Ihopewe willbecomegreatfriends,youandI. Wesharequiteafewinterests."

"Hereitcomes,"Ithought,andrushedtomeetit."Yes,"Isaidaloud, "ourgreatestcommoninterestbeing Jack."

"Instead,"sheansweredslowly,"I'd sayourgreatestbarrierisJack."

"Whatdoyoumean?"

"Notsomanyyearsago,Iwasin yourposition-adaughter-in-law.The

LibraryLectures

ThefortnightlyFridayeveninglectureswillberesumedshortly.Thelecturers,sogenerouslygivingtheirservicesforyourbenefit,areamongthe bestscholarsandspeakersintheState. Theirsubjectsconcernwhatyouwish toknow,whatyoushouldknow.

Thenearlycompleteprogramme, printedbelow,showsanambitiousattempttoprovidetalksthatwillbenot onlyinformativebutofabsorbinginterest.

LECTUREPROGRAMME

April30-Rev.FatherLalor:TheLegionofMary-itsScopeinourWorld

May14-Rev.FatherMcBride:DiscussionsontheOldTestament,withReferencetoRecentArcheologicalDiscoveries.

May28-Rev.FatherO'Mahoney:The FirstSpreadofCatholicism.

June11-VeryRev.Dr.Goody:The PresentPositionoftheOriental Churches;TheirOriginsandRites.

June25-Rev.FatherLawler,S.J.:The CivilisingofWesternEurope.

July9-Rev.FatherBreslin,0.NI.I.: LifeintheAgesofFaith.

July23-Mr.K.F.Spruhan:TheCrusades.

August6-Rey.FatherHaugh,O.M.I.: TheExpansionoftheChurchinthe NewWorld.

August20-Tobearranged:TheGreat Heresies.

September3-Mr.K.F.Spruhan:The RootCausesoftheReformationin England.

September17-Rev.FatherKelly,S.J. TheReformat:onandCounter-ReformationontheContinent.

October1-Lieut.Batten,R.A.N.:CatholicisminEnglandSincetheReformation.

October15-Tobearranged:TheCatholicRevivaloftheNineteenthCentury.

October29-Rev.NoelRyan,S.J.:The CatholicLiteraryRevival.

November5-MrH.Goerke:Catholic SocialTeaching.

November19-Rev.FatherLalor:The FightTo-day-Everyone'sDutyCatholicAction.

CrazyAboutHer

*GET

TOKNOWYOURS

AS ANINDIVIDUAL

constantantagonismbetweenmy mother-in-lawandmeeventhreatened mymarriage.Eachofusthought Ralphherspecialpropertyandfought overhimasoveranunsurveyedpiece ofland.Neitherwassurewhatbelongedtoher,andsowebothclaimed thewhole.Ittookustenunhappy yearstorealisethetruesituation.But oncewedidit,webecamefriends.

SuddenlyIrememberedthatallthe mother-in-lawstoriesIhadheardwere one-sided."Justwhatisthetrue situation?"Iasked.

"Sinceit'salwaysthesame,wemight aswelluseusasexamples.Yousee, IknowJackasaboy-myson.You knowhimasaman-yourfiance.They aretwodistinctpersons.Thelove thatTackgivesmeisahangoverfrom hischildhood.Itwillnevergrowun: itwillneverchange.Thelovehe givestoyouisentirelydifferent.I havenopartinit.Itisanadult emotion.That'sasitshouldbe.As longaswebothrememberthis,hewill notbeaharrier.Otherwise,wemay findourselvesenemiesoverthepossessionofsomethingthatcan'tbepossessed."

Isatquietlythinkingaboutwhat shehadsaid.Itmadesense,allof it,butcouldIbelievethatshereally wantedtobemyfriendbecauseIwas IandnotjustbecauseIwastobe Jack'swife?

Asifshewerereadingmythoughts, shesaid,"Ofcourse,Jackisthereason

ourfriendshipisdesirable.Buthe can'tmakeusfriends.That'swhy Iaskedyoutocomehereto-daywhile heisgone.Ifwearetobefriends, wemustlearntoknoweachotheras individuals.Doubtlesswe'llfind somethingsabouteachotherwewon't like,butthat'strueinanyfriendship. Thequalitieswedislikewillbeofno consequenceunlesswemakethemso."

Afewdayslater,Nancycalledme onthetelephone. suchalovely day,"shesaid,"I'dliketodriveinto thecountry.Wanttogo?"

ThatdayIdiscoveredhersenseof humour.Welaughedandtalkedabout ourchildhoods,politics,aviation,psychiatry-anythingwethoughtof-and laughedsomemore.

EachtimeIwaswithherhelpedto dissolvetherestraintIhadfeltatfirst. Once,Istartedtoquotesomething Jackhadsaid,andprefacedmyremark with,"Jack-myfiance-."Weboth laughed.

"onitimestheoldprejudicewould creepintomyvoiceorperhapsIwould justlookadaughter-in-lawlook. Nancywouldpretendnottonoticeor wouldtalkaboutsomethingthathad noconnectionwithJack.

GraduallyIlearnedtotrusthersincerity.Icametorealisethatshehad carefullythoughtouthertheoriesand livedthem.Fromherownexperience, sheknewthattheyworkedfromeither thedaughter-in-lawormother-in-law

(ContinuedonPage12.)

Father Ledochowski

*GreatPriest-StatesMan

Sikorski'sTribute

NewYork.

Onreceivingwordofthedeathof FatherVladimirLedochowski,GeneraloftheJesuits,GeneralWladyslawSikorski,PolishPrimeMinister andCommander-in-ChiefofPoland's ArmedForces,issuedastatementpaying.glowingtributetothegreatPolishpriest-statesman.

"ThepassingofFatherVladimir Ledochowski,oneofthemainpillars oftheChurch,ismournedbyallPolishCatholics,"hesaid."Althoughhe didnotliveinPoland,FatherLedochowskiwashonouredandrespectedby allofus.HecombinedthehighdignityoftheChurchwithhisdutiesas aPole.AtatimewhentheChurch inPolandissubjectedtoterribleper secutions,whenmembersoftheSocietyofJesusareharassedandilltreatedbytheGermans,thedeathof theheadoftheSocietyisindeeda greatblow.

''FatherLedochowskicameofafamilywhosemembersrenderedmanyen-

forgettableservicestotheChurch. TeresaLedochowskiwasaworthymissionaryanddiedasaintlywoman.

MotherUrsulaLedochowski,who foundedtheUrsulineSisters,waswell knownforheractivities.AndCardinalMiecislausLedochowski,ApostolicDelegateinNewGrenadain SouthAmerica,andlaterArchbishop ofGniezno-Poznan,foughtinhistime fortherightsoftheChurchwithBismarck,andwasvictorious.Imprison. edbythePrussiansinOstrowforopposingtheuseoftheGermanlangua.,;,, intheteachingofreligion,hewasmade aCardinal.HewasthefirsttounmaskGermannationalismbeforethe world.

"ImetFatherVladimirLedochowskiinSwitzerland,duringthefirst WorldWar.Hewasareligiousand socialwriter.FromSwitzerlandhe directedtheworkoftheJesuitOrder inallpartsoftheworld.Hehadjust beenmadeGeneraloftheSocietyof Jesus,andwasfacedwithunusually importanttasks.Notwithstandinghis manydutieshestillrememberedPoland,andherindependencewasever closetohisheart.

"Iwassadlyastonishedtoreadin certainnewspapersthatFatherLedochowskiwasidentifiedasanAustrian. ThisismerelyGermanpropaganda. Eveninannouncingthedeathofa greatman,itdoesnotdaretomention thewordPoland.Thisdoesnotsurpriseme,asthenewswasbroadcast totheworldbyMussolini'sradio, whichoncesaidthat'LaPoloniaeliquidate.'

"Ibelieveitfittingformeatthis timetoquoteanexcerptfromatele-

gramofFatherVladimirLedochowski.Hesentmethistelegramthe daybeforehedied.InithebidsPolandfarewell. Ireceiveditjusta shortwhileago.ThisisFatherLe.lochowski'smessage:

"'PleaseexpresstoGeneralSikorski-whomIhavealwaysdeeplyhonoured-mysinceregratitudeforhis solicitudeandthatofthePolishGovernmentduringmyillness;whereI shallgofromhere,pleaseGod,Ishall neverforgetPoland.'

"Thosebeautifulwords,dictatedby faithandloveforPoland,giveatrue pictureoftheeminentPoleandservant oftheChurch,andofhiswonderful character."

MyMother-in-Law,,-,)ntinuedfromPage11.) angle,dependinguponwhichtookthe initiative.

Ifyousincerelywanttolikeyour mother-in-law,throwawayallpreconceivednotionsofwhatsheislike.Get toknowherasanindividual,apart fromherson.Discoverherhobbies, tastes;you'recertaintofindcommon interests.Behonestwithher.Keep yoursenseofhumour,yoursenseof balance.Don'tbequicklydiscouragedbyarebuff.Anypersonintime willrespondtofriendliness.Above all,letherknowthatyouexpecther tobeyourfriend,andthechancesare shewon'tletyoudown.Iknow, I'veevenlivedwithmymother-in-law.

OnthedayofmyweddingIhappenedtooverhearaconversationbetweenNancyandaguest.

"Doesn'titbreakyourhearttohave youronlysonmarryandleaveyou?" theguestasked.

"Heavens,no,"Nancyreplied."He's marryingmybestfriend.Iknow she'stherightgirlforhim."She madenoattempttoconcealthepride inhervoice.

Don'ttellmeitisn'tworththe efforttobefriendswithyourmotherin-law

TheCrib,theCrossandaPromise

I.ENTLYaMothergazeduponthelimpformlyingacross herknees.Theeyes.blackandswollen,wereclosed,but shesawagainthosebabyeyesthathadlaughedtheirlove herlaplungyearsbefore.Theywereclosednow,covered withbloodandspittle.Thetinyhandsthatoncehadstrokedher cheekhung,stiff,andeachwithagapingwoundwherethenailshad Leendug.Thosetinyhandsthathadgrown,beautiful,strong. andgentle,thathadhealedsomanycrippled,diseased,blindand possessed,thosehandsofhercarpenterSon-thehandsofGod, laylifelessinthefoldsoftheshroud.Thelittlefeetthatshehad firstkissedthatnightinBethlehem,thathadtrudgedthelength andbreadthofPalestine,tirtd,dusty,aching,lookedhideousnow soswollenwerethey,bruisedandblood-stained,cutand,likethe hands,gapingwithholeswherethenailshadbeendug.Thelips thathadfedontheeucharistofherbodywerepurplednowwith Hisownblood-thoselipsthathadbroughttomentheknowledgetheyhungeredfor,werestilledindeath.Andthebodyof herbabethatshehadpressedsooftentoherbreastbutyesterdayjustalacerated,bleeding,stiffeningformstretchedacrossher knees.

TheCribandtheCrossseemedallconfusedinthatbrief momenttotheMother.TheytookHimfromherthen,gently. and"wrappedHimupinthefinelinenandlaidHimina sepulchre...."

Dry-eyedshehelpedthem.Borninanother'scave,now buriedinanother'scave,herSonhadlefttheworldasHecame intoit-unknown,unwanted,possessingonlytheBodyshehad givenHim.Yetastheysealedthestoneattheentrance,His wordskeptrunningthroughherhead:InthreedaysIshallrise again.

And.eveninhergrief,sheneverdoubtedthatHewould.

TheCatholicAnswer

THEBIBLE

WhenwasitWritten?

ProofthatGodwastheAuthor What"Inspiration"Means

ModernOutlook,Fremantle.

Q.:Idon'twanttobeoffensive.

A.Sincerityisnotoffensive.

Q.:ButsomehowtheCatholicChurch andChristianitydon'tseemtofitin withmodernscience.

.1.Don'ttheyWell,it'svery strangethatgreatgcientistsshould beabletoliveanddieintheCatholic Churchwithoutnoticingthattheyare outofplace.Modernscienceowes somuchtotheCatholicChurch,that itoughttoraiseitshatwheneverthe twomeet.Forinstance,thegreat universitiesoftheworld-suchasOxfordandCambridgeandParis-arethe creationoftheCatholicChurch.Yes, thewholeuniversity-systemofto-day hasitsoriginintheChurch'sencouragementoflearning.AndasforCatholicScientists,itwouldtakemore thanahalf-hoursessiontonamethem andtheirachievements.Butthat bringsmetoyournextquestion:

GREATCATHOLICSCIENTISTS....

Q.:TohearyoutalkabouttheCatholicChurchoversuchamodernthing astheradioseemsqueer.Ican understandyourfeelingreligiousin Church,butIwonderyoudon'tlose yournervebeforethemike.

A.:No,mynerveisfeelingpretty steady,thankyou.Yousee,wireless

telegraphywasinventedbyagreatCatholicscientist--Marconi-andyou willsee,incidentally,fromanother questioninto-night'ssessionhowhe, intheveryheightofhissuccess.submittedtotheauthorityofChrist's Church.Andwhatismore,thismicrophune,forexample,belongstothe worldofelectricalscience;now,that worldisthicklypopulatedwithCatholicscientists.Gooutintoyourbackkiti-henandhavealookatyourelectricmeter.Youwillnoticethatthe currentismeasuredinampsandvolts. AmpsformAmpere,agreatCatholic scientist;voltsfromVolta,agreatCatholicscientistAndifyourkitchen hasagalvanised-ironroof,well,that isfromGalvani,agreatCatholicscientktandifyouhaveabottleofpasteurisedmilk,thatisnamedafterPasteur,agreatCatholicscientist,and thefatherofmodernmedicalscience. willnotbotheryouwithanymore names;IhavejustmentionedtheCatholicscientistswholivewithyouin yourbackkitchen.Whenyouhave gottoknowthemyoucanenquire abouttherest.

Q.:Don'tbotheraboutansweringthis letterifitwouldputyouofflike. \.No,itdoesn'tputmeoff;it temptsmetogooffonalongdiscourseontheChurchandScience,but Iwon'tdothat.I'lljustthankyou foryourgoodwill.

OriginoftheBible

Interested,Perth:

Q.:WhatistheoriginoftheBible andtheTenCommandments.

A.:Nowthisissomethingthatshould interesteverybody,andIthinkIought toanswerthisquestionatsomelength.

Ifyouexamineamodernversion theBible,youwillseethatitconsistsoftwoparts-theOldTestament andtheNewTestament.TheOld Testamentcomprises46books(or,in Protestantversions,39books),and theNewTestamentcontains27books.

Whenwerethesebookswritten?

Well,thisistheyear1943.That means1,943yearssincethegreatest eventinhistory,thebirthofJesus Christ,whichcutsthestoryofthe worldintotwohalves-thetimebeforeChristandthetimeafterChrist.

Now,thefirstfivebooksoftheOld Testamentwerewrittenabout1,400 yearsbeforeChrist,i.e.,about3,500 year,ago.Theyaresubstantiallythe

workofMoses-aJew-whowasborn inEgypt,andlaterledtheJewish peoplebackintothelandthatwenow callPalestine.TheBiblenarrates howhehadsomeextraordinaryvisions ofdivinethings,duringthecourseof whichGodinstructedhimtohandon totheJewishpeoplewhatarenowcalledtheTenCommandmentsofGod,in whicharesummarisedthedutiesof mantowardsGodandhisfellow-men. ThiseventoccurredonMountSinai, amountainwhichmostDiggerswill haveseentostarboardastheywere goinguptheRedSeaontheiroutward trip.

Itwouldtaketoomuchtimetogo intotheoriginofeachbookoftheOld Testament,butImaysaythis:the writerscanbegroupedroughlyasfollows:First,therearehistorians;they relateespeciallyhowGodcausedthe Jewishpeopletodevelop,overthe courseofcenturies,fromasmallfam"THESTOREOFQUALITY." 'Phone:F2I98.

STIRLINGHIGHWAY,MOSMANPARK.

RHODESILSONS GROCERS.IMPORTERS,WINEANDSPIRITMERCHANT. Goodsdeliveredtoanypartofthedistrict.

TheMarconi-O'BrienDivorce CiIIII/CLICJUL-NHS:ISintheKitchen

flygroupintoa,,n-iderab:erace, andhowHepromisedtosendthrough themateacherwhowouldfounda spiritualkingdomandbetheSaviour andGuideofmankind.Sinceitwas customaryamongtheJewstoanointa manwithoil,asasymbolofhishavingsomesacredorkinglyworktodo, thisteacherwasoftenreferredtoas the"AnointedOne,"or"theChrist"; forthatiswhat"Christ"means-the "AnointedOne.-

Secondly,therearethewritersof whatcouldalmostbecalled"General Literature";fortheBiblecontains practicallyalltypesofliterature.To mentionsomeofthemostprominent forms,therearereflectionsonthe meaningoflife,storieswithamoral, prayers,exhortation,toleadagooI life,commentariesuncurrentevents, andreligiouspoems.Thecentral themeofallthisliteratureisthe Christ-theAnointedOne-tocome.

Thirdly,therearetheprophets. Thesemenlived,andwrotetheirbooks atintervals,atwidelydifferentdates betweenroughlytheyear1,000to400 B.C..though,ofcourse,someofthe propheciesintheBibleweremadeat amuchearlierdate.IntheBiblea prophetmeansamanwhoisauthorised byGodtospeaktomenonHisbehalf. Claimingthattheyhadreceivedtheir knowledgefrhmGod,thesemenfrequentlyforetoldfutureevent",and onceagaintheconstantthemeoftheir propheciesisthecomingoftheChr:st. Theyforetoldmanythingsatcethow Christwouldbehorn,howHenoald live,howHewoulddie.andhowHe wouldariseagainfromthedead. Strangetosay,allthesethingswere fulfilledinJesus.Orisitstrange?

IsitstrangethatGodshouldbeable sotoworkuponthemindsofmen thattheyshouldutterpromisesinHis nameorthatHeshouldfulfilthepromises?Everyinformedmanmust admitthatthepropheciesweremade centuriesbeforethetimeofChrist; everymanwithanopenmindwill havetoadmitthattheywerefulfilled inJesusChristInfact,Testisgot

hissecondname-"Christ"-fromthe factthatHeprovedHimselftobethe Christ. SowecometotheNewTestament. ItcontainsfouraccountsofChrist's lifeandteaching,eachofwhichis calledagospel.Thesegospelsare namedafterthemenwhowrotethem -Matthew,Mark,LukeandJohn. Thenfollowsanaccount,writtenby St.Luke,ofthemissionaryactivityof theApostleSt.Paul,withanexplanatoryintroductionontheeventsthat happenedintheyearsimmediately followingChrist'sdeath.SinceSt. PeterandsomeoftheotherApostles arefrequentlymentionedinthispart, thewholeworkcametobeknownas theActs,ordeeds,oftheApostles. Afterthiscometwenty-oneEpistles, orLetters,someofthemofgreat length,writtenbyvariousApostles.

Mostofthesewerewrittentothe ChristiansinoneorotheroftheGreekspeakingcitiesoftheEasternMediterraneancoast,butsomewereforgeneralcirculation,andoneortwotoparticularpersons.Finally,thereisthe Apocalypse,orBookofRevelations, ofSt.John.Thiswaswrittennot laterthantheyear96oftheChristian era,andmostprobablyintheyear,95, i.e.,about63yearsafterOurLords deathandresurrection.Sincethiswas thelastofthebooksoftheNewTestamenttobewritten,andsincethe earliestwaswrittenabouttheyear50. wemaysaythattheNewTestament waswrittenbycontemporariesof Christandduringaperiodextending fromsomeseventeentosixtyyears afterHisdeath;butitmustberememberedthewriterofthelastbook -St.John,had,asaveryyoungman, beenanintimatefriendofChrist. SuchthenistheoriginoftheBible. Itiswelltonotethat,sincethebooks oftheBiblewerewrittenatvarious datescenturiesapart-manycenturies hadtopassbeforetheycouldbebound togetherasonevolume.Inpointof fact,eachbook,orgroupofbooks wasinancienttimeswrittenona (continuedonPage14.)

(ContinuedfromPage13.)

scrollof roundwriting-materialandwrapped astick.Notverylongafter thetimeofChristthepracticeof writingonsheetsandbindingthem intobook-formwasintroduced,though eventhenitwasnotcustomaryto bindallthebooksoftheBibleinto onebook.Forsincewritinghadtobe donebyhand,thevolumewouldhave beenverybigandclumsy.Further, aswellasthebooksnowtobefound intheBible,thereweremanyother scrollsor,weshouldsay,books,which purportedtorecordsacredeventsand togivemessagesinspiredbyGod.Who wasit,then,thatdecidedwhatbooks weretoberegardedastheofficialliteratureofChristianityandultimately tobeboundintothebookthatwe nowknowastheBible?Theanswer is:theCatholicChurch.Itwasthe CatholicChurchthatcollectedthe booksoftheBibleandhandedthem downastheofficialliteratureofChristianity.Later,whenthefirstProtestantsectsbrokeawayfromtheCatholicChurch-fifteenhundredyears afterthedeathofChrist-theypublishedtheirowntranslationsofitand omittedsevenofthebooksoftheOld Testament.Theirreasonsfordoing

WritersoftheB

Q.:"I'vebeentoldit'sthewordof God,butitseemstohavebeenwrittenbyalotofdifferentchaps.How canweknowthatHetoldthem whattosay?"

A.:Goddidnotalwaystelltn^writerswhattosay.Sometime-,thewritersintheBiblearerecordin:'events thattheyhaveseenthemseivf;.These passagesoftheBibleareinspiredby C,-1butnotrevealedbyHim.Our :,nl\sureguaranteeforthefactthat thewriterswereinspired---,.e,socontrclledbyGodthattheywouldwri.:e whatGodintendedtliellt-,write -istheteachingoftheCatholic Church.

Q.:"Itseemsratherqueertosaythat theCatholicChurchistruebecause theBiblesaysitis,andthatthe BibleistruebecausetheChurch saysitis.That'slikehandingthe babyfromonetotheother, A.:Well,Digger,ityouwouldonly openyoureveswideenoughandtake

*theCatholicAnswer

sowerenotsound,but1shallnotgo intothemnow.

Q.:DoestheCatholicChurchtielieve theBibletobeGod'smostholy Wordandpreachaccordingly?

A.Yes.ButIwantyoutonotice thatitisonlythroughtheCatholic Churchthatwecanknow,(a)that theBibleisthewordofGod,and(b) whatbooksaretoheincludedinthis collectionofdivinelyinspiredbooks.TheBibledoesnotmentionitself,nor doesanywriterinitgivealistof whatbooksaretoberegardedasthe wordofGod.

ButIshallinterruptmyanswerto youtoreplytoanotherletterIhave received:sinceitmakesthepoint clear:--

"Ralf-a-mo,Padre,"writesfromSomewhereinAustralia:

Q.:"YoukeeponcitingtheBible. Whatisitanyway?"

A.:IthinkIhavealreadyexplained thatto-night

ibleInspired

a lookattheCatholicChurchas itisintheworldto-day,youwould findampleevidenceforconcluding, "ThisthingisofGod,"eventhough youshouldneverhaveheardofthe Bible.Butletussupposeyoudo wishtoapproachChristianitythrough theBible.Naturallyenough,you don'twanttoaccepttheBibleasthe wordofGod,untilyouhavegoodevidencefordoingso.Alright-suppose, forthemoment,thattheBibleisnot inspired.Takeitjustasacollection ofhistoricaldocumentswrittenbyso manydifferentwriters.Weknowlittleaboutsomeofthebooksofthe OldTestament.Alright,leavethem aside.Butthereisaveryremarkable thingaboutthehistoricalbooksofthe OldTestament.Archaeologistshave beenverybusyinBible-lands,digging upthefoundationsofthecitiesmentionedintheBible.Onediscovery afteranotherconfirmsthebiblicalaccountofthepast.Maneeminent

OurCatholicSchoolsandColleges

CHRISTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY.

ONEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSCHOOLSOFW.A.

AQUINASCOLLEGE

TELEPHONE:MU1520. FORBOARDERSANDDAYSTUDENTS.

BOYSADMITTEDFROM7UPWARDS

BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanningBridge. ForParticularsapplytoThePrincipal,AquinasCollege,CanningParade,Mt.Henry.

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL HIGHGATE

-PERTH

(ConductedbySistersNotreDameDesMis'ons). BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORGIRLS

'Phone:B3810.

PUPILSPREPAREDALLEXAMINATIONS. MONTESSORISCHOOLFORYOUNGCHILDREN ForProspectusapply REV.MOTHERPRIORESS

LoretoConvent"Csborne"-Claremont BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE.

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationonmodernlinesinallbranches ofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexaminations.TheSchoolis beautifullysituatedbetweenOceanandRiver,inextensivegrounds, withfineplayingfieldsandprivateSwimmingPoolinRiver. Telephone:F2135. Apply- MOTHERSUPERIOR.

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGE

NEWNORCIA CONDUCTEDBYTHEMARISTBROTHERS

TheSchoolisfullfor1944.Boyscanbeacceptedforcommencementin1945,orforacceptanceduring1944subjecttovacanciesoccurring. AcharacterreferencefromtheParishPriestisrequired.

ForParticularsApplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR

men,suchasSirCharlesMarston,have beensoimpressedbythesediscoveriesthattheyhavewrittenenthusiasticallyinsupportofthehistorical veracityoftheBible.

Suchconfirmationfromsecularsciencewouldnot,ofcourse,showthat theBiblewasthewordofGod,butwe arenotenquiringaboutthatnow,but onlyastowhetheritshistorialaccountsofthepastarereliable.Now, whenwecometotheNewTestament, thething.isclear.There'snotthe leastroomfordoubt:takenjustashistoricaldocuments,theGospelsstand outasauthenticatedinawaythat movesevensuchexactingscholarsas SirWilliamRamsay,toplacethehighestconfidenceintheirhistoricalreliability.Yousee,theyaresupported byavastlibraryofancientwriters, manyofwhomhadneverheardofthe Gospels.Forinstance,therearereferencestocurrentevents,laws,and customs,intheGospelsanditiseasy tocheckthemwithotherwritersof thetime.Theystandthetestwell. Again,thoughthereareobscurities, hereandthere,thereferencesmadeby theGospelstoplacesanddistances allgotoshowthatthewritersknew whattheyweretalkingaboutand wereexceptionallyreliablemen.I cannotgointotheevidenceinfull;but anyopen-mindedscholarhastoadmit thattheGospelsarereliablehistorical documents.MuchwaswrittentodisparagetheGospelsduringthecourse ofthelastcentury,butsubsequent studyhasmorethanvindicatedthe Gospelsagainsttheircritics.

Gothentotheseutterlyreliablehistoricaldocumentsandseewhatthey sayaboutChristandHisChurch,and youwillfindampleevidenceforconcludingthatHeclaimedtobeGod, provedHisclaim,andsetuptheCatholicChurchandguaranteedthatit shouldnevergowronginteachingreligioustruth.ThisChurchwillthen

Thursday,

handyoutheBibleandtellyouthat itisthewordofGod.Yousee,you taketheGospelsashistoricaldocuments.YoufindthatChristestab. lishedaChurchwithauthorityto teachmen,andbyvirtueofthatauthoritytheChurchdeclarestomen thattheBibleisthewordofGod. Beioreyougolightlyontoyourremarkaboutpassingthebaby,youwoulddowelltostopandprayto Godforlight. Now.inanswertobothletters.I mustexplainwhatwemeanbysaying thattheBibleisthewordofGod.The CatholicChurchteachesthatallthe booksoftheBiblehaveGodfortheir author;thevariouswritersfromMoses toSt.Johnweremerelythehuman instrumentsGodchoseasawayof enablingmentoreceiveHismessage. Godrespectedthehumanmindthat Hehadgiventoeachwriter,andHe willedthateachoneshouldwriteinthe literarystyleofhistimeanduseways ofspeechthatwerenaturaltohimand histime.Normustyouconcludethat allthewritersreceivedvisionsof thingshiddenfrommen,noreventhat theywerenecessarilyawareofthefact thatwhattheywrotewasinspiredby God.ItiseasyforGodtogivean impulsetothemindandwillofone ofthemenHehascreated,sothat thatmanwillwritejustwhatGod wants,willcopyoutofanotherbook justwhatGodwantshimtocopy,will recordofthethingshehasseenwith hisowneyesjustwhatGodwants himtorecord,andnomore.Byso controllingwhatamanwrites,God takesresponsibilityforwhatiswrittenandbecomestherealauthorofit. ThatiswhattheChurchmeansbysay- ingGodistheauthorofthebooks oftheBible.Naturally,theCatholic Churchteaches,thatsinceGodisthe authoroftheBible,theBiblecannot containanyformalerror,i.e.,that, takeninitsfullcontextandinthe senseoriginallyintended,everystatementintheBiblemusthetrue.

QHowandwhendidtheProtestant religionstart?

A.:Ihavetakenalongtimeover thesetwoleters,andImustleavethe answertothatquestiontoalatersession.

TheMarconiDivorce

Interested,Nedlands:

Q.:WhydidtheRomanCatholic ChurchgiveMarconiadivorce?

A.:Itdidn't.TheChurchdeclared, afteracarefulscrutinyoftheevidence, thattheso-calledmarriagebetweenthe MarcheseMarconiandMissO'Brienwas nullandvoid.Youseetheyhad madeacontract,andmadeitina churchwithallthefestivitiesofawedding,butitwasnotamarriage-contract.Youwill,Ithink,seethatthere isadifferencebetweenacontractto livetogetherforaperiodafterthemannerofmanandwifeandacontractof marriage.Farfrombeingamarriagecontract,thefirstcontractisanagreementbetweentwopeopletoliveina mannerquiteabhorrenttoChristian morality,though,ofcourse,itispossiblethatmisguidedpeoplecouldmake itingoodfaith.Thepointisthat marriageisessentiallyacontractthat laststilldeath.

NowtheChurchwouldnottakeany noticeofthemereassertiononthe partoftwopresumablymarriedpersonsthattheyhadnotintendedtheir marriagetobeapermanentcontract; butinthecaseoftheMarconi-O'Brien marriage,itwasprovedbeforeacourt ofhighly-skilledlawyersthatthere hadbeenadefiniteagreementthatthe contractshouldholdgoodonlysolong astheycontinuedtoenjoyone another'scompany:assoonasthey tiredofoneanotherthecontractwas tolapse.Actuallytheymadethis contractingoodfaith,quiteunaware ofthefacttheconditiontheymadeit underrenderedthecontractquiteinvalid.Aftermanywitnesseshad beenexamined,thecourtdeclaredthat theMarcheseandMissO'Brienwere singlepersons,whohadmistakenlybelievedthemselvestobemarried.The verdictofthecourtwas,then,adereeofnullity,notadecreeofdivorce. Thetwothingsareverydifferent,and eveninAustraliancivillaw,adecree

ofnullityisquitedifferentfroma decreeofdivorce.

GRAFTINTHECHURCH.

Q.:Ibelievethatinfluenceandmoney playanimportantparteveninthe ChurchofRome.

A.:Yourbeliefisquiteunfounded, andsinceyouarestraightforward enoughtogivetheCatholicChurcha chancetorefutethislibel,Ithinkyou willbesatisfiedwiththeevidencefor itsfalsity.

Letusconsiderwhatactuallyhappens.Thereare,asIexpectyou know,nearlyfourhundredmillionCatholicsintheworld-about57times thepopulationofAustralia.Nowif youconsiderthenumberofdivorces thataregrantedinasinglemonthina singleStateinAustralia,andcompare themwiththenumberofdecreesof nullitygrantedforthewholeCatholic worldbythePapalCourt,youwill easilyseethatsuchdecreescannotbe boughtinRome.Thusintheperiod oftenyears,from1920to1930,some 120marriagesweredeclaredinvalid inRome.ThelawoftheChurchis thatlitigantsbeartheexpensesonly iftheyareabletoaffordthem.In thetenyears,in69casesthelitigants paidexpenses;inninecasesanominal feeonlywaspaid;in39casesthefees weretotallyremitted.Nordidthe paymentoffeesmakeanydifference tothedecisionsgiven.66percent.of thosewhopaidobtainedfavourable decisions;while89percent.ofthose whocouldnotpayreceivedfavourable decisions.Thesimpletruthisthat notallthemoneyintheBankofEnglandcouldpersuadethePapalCourt togiveadecreeofnullityinthecase ofavalidmarriage.

Doyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?Make aregularannualcontributiontohelp anindigentstudent.

WatchYourMatrimonialStep

SOME"DON'TS"FORGIRLS

"NeverExpecttoFindSomeOneWhoisPerfect None ofUsCanClaimtoBeThat"

Thehopeoffindinglastinghappiness,asfarasthatispossibleinthis valeoftears,isthemotivatingimpulseinmarrying(writesRightRev. Msgr.P.M.H.Wynhoven).Anyone whomarriesprincipallyformoneyisas muchafoolashewhoentersthematrimonialcontractmainlybecauseof physicalattractionorbeauty.Enduringhappinessneverwasfoundin wealthorinlooks.Thesetwoattributescanhelpmateriallyincreating satisfactiontoacertainextent,but theynevercanbringaboutpermanent bliss.Theproofofthislieswithin everybody'sken;relatively,wefind moreshipwreckedmarriagesamong richpeopleandHollywoodbeauties thaninanyotherclassofsociety.

Themercenaryelementinthecontemplationofmarriageis,asarule,of

2/-

2/-

4/6 (Postage,id.)

CompiledbyRev.G.Butler, M.S.C.,andpublishedbyauthorityoftheC.U.S.A.,Queensland,thisnewprayerbookfor CatholicSoldiers,Sailorsand Airmenisthebestyetprinted formenintrainingandonacfiveservice.

ItcontainsthefullMass,all essentialprayersanddevotions andlistsspecialprivileges. Itoffers,aswell,manypagesof blunt,helpfulandsympathetic advicethatwillbewelcomed byeveryCatholicyoungman allina96-pagepocketsizebookonly41inchesdeep by3incheswide.

To.Vitt.

776HayStreet,Perth cppFoy&Gibson)

greaterimportwithgirlsthanwith youngmen,althoughexceptionsare manyandsignificant.

Thereisalogicalreasonwhyasensiblegirlshouldconsideramarital prospect'sbankaccount.Itis,indeed, follytomarryanymanwhowillexpecthisbridetolivemostlyonlove. Thehoneymoonwillbeofshortduration,andnotsosweet.Moonlightand roses,asasteadydiet,becomeintime quiteindigestible.

Ayoungmanshouldbeoldenough ingoodsensenottomarryagirlhe cannotsupport.But,girls,youshould nevermarryprincipallyformoney,or foragoodposition.Rathereatyour unbutteredbreadwithanhonestand uprightdaylabourer,whomyoutruly love,thanbecometheboughtchattel ofamillionaire,forwhomYoucan havelittleaffection.Youwillsoon growwearyofapompoushusband, evenahandsomeone.

SomeDon'tsforGtrh.

Nevermarryamantoreformhim. Don'tmarryamanwhoisnotfond ofhismother;whodoesnotlikechildren:whodoesnotrespectwomankind.Don'tmarryamanwhoisinordinatelyjealousanddistrustful. Don'tmarryamanwholacksambitionoroneoverwhomyoucandomineer,andbewareoftheonewhoisa spendthriftasmuchasyouwouldof thestingyman.Don'tmarryaman whoisrestlessathomeandwantsto beonthegoallthetime.Bewareof themanwhochangesjobsfrequently. Don'tsignupalifecontractwitha manwhocanoffervouonlysentimentalities.And,byallmeans,donot marryamanwhoisnotreligious,tor hehasbetrayedorisshirkingagreat principleandhewillnothesitateto overlookotherprinciplesthatnecessarilyinvolveyourhappiness.Analyse aman'scharacterclosely,ifyouare seriouslyconsideringhimasyourlife partner.Getadefiniteanswertoyour mentalquestion:Willhehetheright fatherformyfuturechildren?Itis herethathisreligiousattitudeshould hecloselyscrutinised.

DESERVETHEBEST.It youconsultS.andS.your eyeswillreceivequalifiedattention.

Don'tmarryonewhohasbeenneglectfulinhischurchpracticeorwho scoffsatreligion.Donottrusthim, evenifhedoesgotochurchwithyou occasionallyduringcourtshipdays.Let himfirstprovehissincerityonthis score.

Itstandstoreasonthatifbyhis religiousnegligencehegrievedhis mother,whotaughthimtorespect God,hewillnothesitatetobreakyour heartafteryouaremarriedawhile. Hereexactlyliesthegravedangerfor yourchildren'stemporalandeternal welfare.OnlybythespecialgraciouskindnessofthegoodGodcanthey growupinanywayappreciativeof HimandHisCommandments,ifthey mustdailyseethewrongexampleand comeundertheinfluenceofthekind offatherwhonevercares.Evenwhen hisadviceisgooditwillnotbetaken intheend.Badexamplemocksat goodadvice.

The"Perfect"ManDoesNotExist.

Inconsideringmarriage,figuresoberlyandcollectivelywhatconstitutes anideallifepartnerforyou,and, whenyouhavesettledthisinyour

mind,lookaroundandseeifyouknow sumeonewhowillcomeclosetofilling thebill.Neverexpecttofindsomeonewhoisperfect,fornoneofuscan claimtobethat.Neverbecometoo friendlyortoointimatewithonewho isnotsuitedtoyou,because,inthis way,thereisdangerthattemporary infatuationmaycauseyoutomakea decisionthatyouwillregretforthe restofyourdays.

Thematrimonialstepisthemost importantinyourlife.Onitwilldependallyourhappinessormisery hereand,mostprobably,hereafter; yourdecisionmaycausethesmilesor tearsofmanyinthefuture.Prayfor God'sguidance.

Tyr.#04111441.441~4P4s111~40441.1PNIWIAP44

LENTthewholeChurchonRetreat!

Thewordsoftheliturgystandout likecutstone.Twoorthreeshort phrases,nakedandexact,willexpress sumuch,thatwemoderns,feddaily onamillionwords,passovertheir depth;and,thoughreadingthebrevi aryorthemissalwillunfailinglybring calm,thehabitof"liturgicalprayer" comesslowly,wemustsimplifyour mindsandtakewordsliterally.Sometimes,inaprayerfulmoment.wesuddenlysee,andaphrase,orperhapsa Psalmwillshineoutinitsmarmoreal perfection."Outofthedepthshave Icried .""Lord,whoshallstand it. ""Istretchedforthmyhands tothee. .,"camebacktoDorothy DaywheningaolinOccoquan,andshe sawherself,notasanindividuallivingonesmalllife,butasMan,theuniversalman,placedintheuniverse,terrifiedandstricken,caughtupinthe miseryofhiscreatednothingness.In suchmoments,theselittlewordstake onanew,andtheirreal,meaning.For, whenonethinksitover,astrongman willfaceacourtmartial,androtinthe trenches,anddivetohisdeath-and hewillnot"cryout"nor"stretchforth hishands"formercy.Butwhenhe comesbackintohisownbeing,and seeshimself,"cineresetnihil,"ashes andnothing,andlooksup"outofthe depths:thenwillhesuddenlyandliterallycryout,andstretchforthhis hands,tremblingandafraid,likealittlechild.Thesearethewordsofthe liturgy.Thisisthemindofprayer.

Sucharethetextswhichoccur againduringLent,when,astheprefacesays,"byfastingofthebody"we enabletheFatherto'curbourvices, 7iftupourminds.giveusstrengthand reward.-Ourpartisthefastingof

DorothyDayinGaol asMan

thebody,throughwhichwearespirituallyrenewed,andthesewords-rememberingalwaysthatitisGod'swork-givebrieflythewholecharacterof Lent.Butthereisamoreprofound liturgicalsensepenetratingtheseason, towit,thegreatspiritualstrugglebetweentheforcesofdarknessandof light.ItwillendinthePassion,when Jesuswillconquer,andthenthe ChurchwillsingitstriumphantAlleluia.IntheearlypartofLent, ChristisconfrontedwithSatan.''And whenHehadfasted40daysand40 nights,afterwardsHewashungry.And thetemptercoming ."-atfirst,it wasSatanwhocame,and"tookHim up"intoJerusalemandtheveryhigh mountain.Now,laterinLent,inthe GospelitisChristwhoattacks,Christ drivingouttheprinceofthisworld, the"lightofmen"conqueringthe darkness."Foryouwereheretofore darkness,"saysSt.PaulintheEpistle, "butnowlightintheLord.Walk thenaschildrenofthelight:forthe fruitofthelightisallgoodnessand justiceandtruth."

LentistheperiodwhentheChristian goesintoretreatwithChrist.AsDom Thibautsays:"ThegreatannualretreatoftheChristianmilitia,"preparingforthePassion.Weareleading uptotheactofobediencethatChrist willmakeinthegarden,atthatawful momentwhentheFatherandtheSon arequitealone.ThenHewillgoon toHisdeathandthedisobedienceof Adamwillhavebeenexpiated.The

ForLongWear UseOnly "Gibsonia" Wools...

ThoughtstheLiturgySuggests

redemptiveactistheculminating pointinthegreatmysteryofGodmade man,andinthismysteryweparticipate.Thefaithisnot,asmostmen haveletitbecome,anethicalcode.The priesthoodofChristiswithus,andin itweallshare.Butwebecomefascinatedbylife,seeingthingsonlyin anaturallight,althoughtheChurch remindsusoften,throughtheliturgy, thatwearesharersinthedivinelife. "Mercifullyabsolveus,webeseech Thee,0Lord,fromallguiltanddan-

COMMUNISTPARTY ATTACKSRELIGIOUS EDUCATION

ANTI-CHRISTIANAIMLAID BAREINBRITAIN.

Theabolitionofreligionfromall schoolsinBritainisadvocatedbythe CommunistPartyinamemorandum entitled,"Britain'sSchools,"whichwas issuedinDecemberlast,statesthe Melbourne"Advocate."

"TheCommunistParty,"saysthis document,''supportsallsectionsofthe peoplewhodesirethefullincorporationofChurch-schoolsintotheState system.Atthesametime,webelievethattheadultdisputeoverreligiousbeliefsshouldnotlongerbe broughtbeforethechildren.

"Wethereforeadvocatethecompleteremovalfromtheschoolsofthe religiousquestioninanyform,whether ofteachingorcontroloftheschools. Thismeansthatsecularsubjectsonly wouldbetaughtintheschoolsandreligionwouldberegardedasamatter fortheprivateindividuaL"

TheCommunistprogrammedoesnot eventoleratethe"agreedsyllabus" whichtheGovernmentistryingtointroduce,withtheagreementofthe AnglicansandtheNonconformists,into theStateschools."Theadoptionin CouncilSchoolsofreligiousinstruction approvedbythe"Churches,"saysthe memorandum,"willopenthewayto specialistdogmaticteachingandinspectionbyreligiousbodies"

RandolphKnapp (W.A.O.A.)

SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN, 12ATWELLARCADE, FREMANTLE.

ALBANY.

H.C.PriorFuneralDirector

ALBANY(Established1921). PrivateMortuary.MotorVehicles, ChargesModerate. 'Phone215.

Albany,Mt.Barker,Denmarkand Districts,

gers:whomThougrantesttobepartakersofsogreatamystery."

ThespiritualityofLentisagood simplespirituality,comingdownfrom theearlyChurch,andonemightalmost callitBenedictine."Tamethebody," asBrotherPetrocsaysinawellknown book,"thatthesoulmaygofree."AccordingtotheLentenPreface,"bodily fasting"isourmeansofpurification. SomeoftheCollectsarestronger,and talkof"maceratio,"or,asanSaturday, ofthe"castigatio"ofthefleshwhich wehavetakenuponus."Wecan,too, askourselvesifwehavereallytaken ituponus,forthistamingofthebody anditsmodernlikingforcomfortisa seriousbusiness,and,astheprayeron AshWednesdaysays,itiswithselfdenialthat"wedobattlewiththe spiritofevil.""Ifthisobservanceis everrelaxed,"saysBenedictXIV.,"it istothedetrimentofthegloryof God,tothedishonouroftheCatholic religion,totheperilofChtristiansouls, anditisnottobedoubtedthatnegligenceinthisrespectbecomesasource ,fcalamitytonations,ofdisasterto publicaffairs,andofmisfortunetoindividuals."

F.HUFNER

29MABELST.,NORTHPERTH. TUNESANDREPAIRSPIANOS ANDORGANS. Phone114e)24.

E.0.TRESISE, M.P.S..

THE Bushies'Corner

DearCornerites,-We11allfeelvery proudonEasterSunday,won'twe,betatiseEasterSundayisthemostimportantfeast-dayoftheyear.Before JesusdiedHepromisedHisdisciples andfollowersthatHewouldriseagain onthethirdday.Now,haveyou everstoppedtothinkwhatwouldhave happenedifJesushadnotkeptthat promise?ButHedid,andbydoing so,HeprovedthatIlewasGod.That iswhyweregardEasterasthe"foundationstone"feastofourChurch. Withoutittherewouldhavebeenno Catholicreligion,forifJesushadnot risenfromthedead,Hisfollowers wouldhavesaid:''ThisMandidnot tellusthetruth,thereforeHisreligion mustbefalse."Buttheycouldnot saythatofJesus,Whoneverbrokea promise,becauseHewasGod.That iswhyIwantyoutosaynextSunday, 0,Jesus,thankyouforkeepingYour promise,thankyouforEaster."

AUNTBESSY.

DearLittleBoysandGirlsofHighgate,-Beforeacknowledging the week'smailIwanttothanksincerely allthelittleboysandgirlsfromHighgatewhohavesentmesuchlovely lettersandplentyofpenniestoo.I amverypleasedtoseethesegirlsand boystakingsuchanMerestinthe Bushies,andtheysetanexample whichIwishmanyotherswouldfollow.IamlookingforwardtohearingfrommylittlefriendsfromHighgateagaininthenearfuture.

AUNTBESSY.

* *

DearAuntBessy,-MynameisNoel, andIwanttowritealettertoyou.I hopeyougetalotofpenniesforthe Bushies.SometimesMummygets"The Record"onSundays.soIwillseemy letterinit.Ourbaby'snameisDorothy:sheisoneyearold.Peteris insecondstandard,andIaminfirst standard.Daddyisasoldierincamp. HecomeshomeeveryWednesdayto seeus.Iwishyouaveryhappy Easter.Withlovefrom NOELLEE.

DearNoel,-Itisverynicetoknow thatyouwantedtowritetome.I hopeyouwillwriteagainsoon,and

LemonadeBottle

ACHNOWELDOZDWITHTHANKS.

Bill

d. 26 50 50 26 50

DoloresGiri 26

Peggy

Teddy

26

ClemCroft 26

VeraRiley 26

PattyJackson 26

PrimaryKindergarten 26

NormanRyder 26

NoelLee 26

AGratefulMother 100

brownuniform.Wewillhaveour holidayssoon. Iwishyouandthe BushiesahappyEaster.Withlove, from KATHLEENMURPHY.

DearKathleen,-Yourpenniesfor theBusbieswereverywelcomeindeed. Itisverynicetoknowthatyour Mummyandbigsisterhelpedyouto fillintheprickcard.Iamgladyour bigsisterlocksniceinherbrownuniform.ThankvoufortheEaster greetings,andtheBushiesallwishyou thesame. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Thisismyvery firstlettertoyou;Ilikewritingletters.IlivewithmygrannyandIgo totheSacredHeartSchool.Ifilled upmyprickcardinonenight.Fay helpedmeandIhelpedherwithher card.Iaminfirststandard.Granny saysIamgettingonwell.MyDaddy isinNewGuinea.Ihavethreebrothersandonesister;hernameisMar. garet.Well,good-bye.Ihopeto getaprickcardsoonagain.From, DOLORESGIRT.

InfantJesuswillblessyouforhelping yourBushiefriends.

AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Enclosedisa smallgiftinhonourofSt.Anthony. Goodwishestoyou. BILL.

DearBill,-Thankyouverymuchfor yourverywelcomegift.Iamsure St.Anthonywillnotletyourgenerositygounrewarded.

AUNTBESSY.

* * *

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindenclosed5s.notefortheLemonadeBottle.From, LILYDALE.

DearLilydale,-Thankyoueverso muchforyourgenerousgifttothe Bushies'Cause.Itisindeedaworthy causetosupport,sinceitbenefitsthe childrenofourSunnyWest,andsurelytheyshouldhavefirstconsideration ofourhelp. AUNTBESSY.

*

DearAuntBessy,-Pleaseacceptthe attachedP.N.for5s.foryourBushies,inhonouroftheHolyFamily.I

hopesomeofyourlittleschool-mates willwriteandsendtheirpenniestoo. TheLemonadeBottletakesalotof penniestofillit,youknow.Iam gladyourDaddycomeshometosee .youeveryweek.TheBushieswish youandyourbrotherandsisteravery happyEaster.

AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessv,-Iamwritingto youalittleletter,totellyouIhave filledupaprickcardforyou.My nameisTeddy,andmybrotherBillyandsisterLucycometoschoolwith me.Daddyisincamp:heiscoming hometo-night.Ourbaby'snameis MarieTherese:sheisoneyearold. MummywassadwhenSheilaMary died.ThisisallIhavetosay.Goodbye,from

TEDDYBELL.

DearTeddy,-Theprickcardand yourwelcomeletterarrivedthismorning,andIwasverypleasedtoget them.Itmustheverynicetohave alittlebrotherandsistertogoto schoolwitheachday.WhenisMarie Theresegoingtostartschool?Ihope yourDaddyarrivedhomesafely.The BushiessendyoualltheirEastergreetings.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Itisalongtime sinceIwrotetoYou,butIhavenot forgottenyou.Wehavebeengetting penniesfortheBushies,andIhave filledupaprickcard.Iknowyou willbeglad.DaddyandMummy helpedme.Itistimeforschool,so good-byeandahappyEaster.From VERARILEY.

DearVera,-Iknewyouwouldnot forgetus,althoughyouhadn'twritten forsolong.Iamverygladthatyou filledintheprickcard,andyour MummyandDaddywereveryniceto helpyouwithit.Ihopeyouwill haveaveryhappyEaster.Iknow theBushieswillwhentheyseehowthe LemonadeBottleisfilling.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

489Beaufort-street.

DearAuntBessy,-Iamwriting youalittleletter.Sistertoldus Youwantthechildrentowritetoyou. EverydayIhelptotidyupourschool. Iaminfirststandard.Wethinkthe inspectorwillcomesoon.Lastweek wehadourCatechismexamination. GivemylovetotheBushieboys.I hopeyouhaveagoodEaster.From ALLANMURPHY.

DearAllan,-Iamverypleasedto hearthatSisterhadtoldyoutowrite, becausetheBushieslovetohearfrom theirlittlefriendsinthecity.Ihope youdidwellinyourCatechismexam. lastweek.TheBushieboyswillhave achanceoflearningCatechism,too, withthehelpofyourpennies.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

489Beaufort-street.

DearAuntRessy,-Iamsendingyou theprickcardwiththepenniesI gatheredfortheBushies.MummyandmysisterPathelpedme.Pat.is intheArmyandlooksniceinher

E.4STERMOR.VIXG

DearDolores,-Iwasverypleased togetyourfirstletterandyourpenniesfortheBushies.Yourletterwas er,good,andIhopeyouwritenice letterslikethattoyourDaddyinNew Guinea.Iwillsendyouanotherprick cardandyoucanfillitinwhenyou can. AUNTBESSY.

* * *

Highgate.

DearAuntBessy,-MynameisFay, andIaminfirststandard.Wewill haveourEasterholidayssoon.IhelpedtofillinaprickcardforyourBushies.IlikehelpingtheBushies.I gaveallthepenniestoSister.My babysister,Kathleen,died;shewas nine.Iamgoingtomakemyfirst CommunioninJuneandIwillsaya prayerforyouandtheBushies.Goodbye.Withlovefrom, FAYGIRI.

DearFay,-Thankyouverymuch foryourpennies,whichhelpsomuch. Iwassorrytohearofthedeathof yourbabysister,andIamsureall theBushieswillbetoo.Youarea veryluckygirltobemakingyourfi:st HolyCommunion,andIhopethelittle

wishtodonatetheremaindertoSt. Charles'Seminary,butamrather vagueastowhotoforwarditto,so wouldyoupleaseoblige?

ANONYMOUS.

DearAnonymous,-Manythanksfor yourgenerosity.IhopetheHoly Family,towhichyouaresodevoted, willgrantallthegracesyouneed,and youcanbeassuredoftheaidofthe Bushies'prayers.Yourverygenerous offeringforSt.Charles'Seminaryhas beenforwardedontothem,andIam sureyouwillberememberedintheir prayersalso.

AUNTBESSY.

* * *

DearAuntBessy,-JustasmalldonationtohelptheBushiesalong.They seemtobedoingbetterthisyear,in spiteofthewar.Pleaseprayfor somebadCatholics.

MAGDALEN.

DearMagdalen,-Thankyouvery muchforyourkinddonation.Everythinghelpsonthegoodwork,andit certainlydoesneedalotofhelping thesedays.Iwillcertainlysaya prayerforyour"badCatholics,"and IamsuretheBushieswilltoo.

AUNTBESSY.

ATreatiseonC ItsValueinPersonalDevelopment

Themeaningofloveinmarriage andthecaseforPerfectChastity

Wecannotformatrueconceptoftheethicsofmarriagewithouta properappreciationofthemeaningandfunctionofChastity.This virtueis,indeed,thefoundationofthemonogamous,indissolublemarriagewhichisordainedbytheNaturalMoralLaw.ItisnecessarytorealisethatthehealthorillnessofSocietydependsinno smalldegreeuponthepracticeofChastitybymenandwomen, withinandwithoutmarriage.Wehavealreadydealt,atleastindirectly,withthequestionofchastitywithinmarriage.Inthissection,weshallbemainlyconcernedwiththequestionofextra-marital chastity,whethertemporary,orperpetual.

Chastitymaybedefinedas:Thevir tuewherebyapersonbringsandkeeps thesex-instinctunderthecontrolof reason,inorderthathisspiritualdevelopmentmaynotbeneglected.

AbsoluteChastitysignifiestherenuniationofallsexualpleasure,whether bodilyormental.

RelativeChastitysignifiestheuseof thesexualactwithinthelimitsprescribedbytheMoralLaw.

AbsoluteChastityissaidtobePerfectwhenitisreinforcedbyadeterminationoravowtorefrainperpetuallyfromallvoluntarysexualpleasure,inordertoaffordthepossibility ofanunreserveddevotiontothedirectandimmediateserviceofGodand ofpersonalspiritualadvancement.

TheSocialValueofChastity.

TheMoralLawimposesaveryconsiderablemeasureofcontinenceupon allmenandwomen.Itrequiresthat thesex-functionbeusedsolelywithin theboundsofmarriage.Marriage, however,isaveryseriousundertaking demandingqualificationsofahighorderandareasonablematurity.Apart fromeconomicconsiderations,boys andgirlsforaconsiderabletime afterpubertyareneitherbodilynor mentallyfittoundertaketheduties ofthisstate.Theyare,consequently, boundtothepositiveobservanceofAbsoluteChastityduringthefirstfive ortenyearsoftheiradolescentlife-a time,indeed,whenpassionisoftenat itsstrongest.Itmayevenhappen thatmarriagemayneverbepossible forthem,and,so,alltheirlifelong theyareboundtoAbsoluteChastity.

Nowthefactisthatthesex-instinct, innormalmenandwomen,isvery strong-obviously,inordertoinduce mentoovercometheirselfishnessand toundertaketheburdensofmarriage; Thisvehemenceofsexmakesitscompletecontrolamatterofgreatdifficulty.Itis,consequently,nottobe wonderedatthatintheancientPagan worldpre-maritalchastity-and,of course,absolutechastityingeneralthoughcommonlyadmiredandextolledwas,forthemostpart,regardedas anunattainableideal.Despitethis. manyofthegreatPaganthinkersrealisedthatifmenandwomenareto makeacompletesuccessofmarriage, itisnecessarythattheyenteritwith theirvitalimpulseintact.Manhas butalimitedamountofemotionalardour,and,ifheistoachieveanything

worthwhile,thisenergymustnotbe fritteredaway.Itissadtothink thatmanymarriageshavecrashedbecausethepartnershave,priortotheir entryintothemarriedstate,blunted theirenthusiasm,loweredtheirideals andtheirrespectfortheoppositesex anddegeneratedmentally,morallyand physicallyintheirpursuitofbarren pleasure.

Itmaybesaidthatthemorallaw ofChastityishardandthatrelatively fewmencarryitoutinitsentirety. Inreplyletusnotethat,thoughhard, itiswellwithinthecapacityofany properlytrainedmanorwomanand furtherthat,becauseofitsneglect, manymarriagesaretoagreaterorlesserextentunhappy.Disharmonyin marriageinvolvesdisharmonyinsocietyatlarge,sincethefamilyisthe basicunitofsociety.Atnotime, probably,intheChristianerahasthe impactofthisdisharmonybeenso severelyfeltasitisbeingfeltto-day. Doctorsandnursescanperformaninestimablebenefittosocietybyimpressinguponthosewithwhomtheycome incontactthesocial-aswellasthe personal-necessityfortherigidadherencetoextra-maritalChastity.It istruethatthemostimportantelementinthepracticeofChastityisa soundreligiousandmoraltraining. Environment,ontheotherhand,isan almostequallyimportantelementand environmentisverylargelyconditionedbyasoundpublicopinion.A soundpublicopinionwouldtendto renderimpossiblethemaintenanceof thecorruptcinema,commercialised vice,theproductionofbadbooks,immodestdress,drinkingbyyoungpeopleandthemodernfashionofundue familiaritybetweenyoungpeopleof oppositesex,allofwhichconspireto makethepreservationofchastity,particularlybytheadolescent,increasingly difficultto-day.

APersonalValueofChastity.

Chastityisnotonlytheguardian virtueoftheinstituteofmarriageand ofsociety,itisalsooneofthevirtues indispensabletothepersonaldevelopmentofman.Chastitytendstomake youngpeopleserene,cheerfulandcontentand,so,providesthemwiththe essentialbackgroundforanormalhealthyphysiologicalandpsychologicaldevelopment.Precociouslust,onthe contrary,lowersenergy,enervatesthe will,engendersmelancholy,anda

-Washdaysare Easier

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senseofdiscouragementandtendsto developgrossselfishnessandcallousnessinitsvotaries.Amostbaneful ideaissometimescurrentamong youngmenthatamanneedstohave sexualintercoursetodevelophismanhood.Thisideaiseagerlyseizedon, asanexcuseforaweakwillandselfishindulgence.Thetruthisthat medicalauthorityinthismatterisin completeaccordwiththeMoralLaw. TheBritishSocialHygieneCouncil publishedthefollowingstatementin March,1926:

(1)Thereisoverwhelmingevidence thatirregularsex-relations,whetherin marriedorunmarried,leadtophysical mentalandmoralharm.

(2)Thereisnoevidencefromphysiologyorexperiencethat,fortheunmarried,sexualintercourseisanecessityforthemaintenanceofphysical health.

(3)Thereisnoevidenceeitherfrom psychologyorfromexperiencethat, fortheunmarried,sexualintercourse

isanecessityforthemaintenanceof mentalhealth.

Evenwithintheboundsofmarried life,sexualexcesstendstodegradethe partnersandtodragdowntheirideals. Thelovewhichwillmakehusbandand wifereallyhappymustbe,primarily, aspirituallove-eventhoughithasa deep-seatedbasisofphysicalandsentimentallove."Conjugallovepervadesallthedutiesofmarriedlifeand holdsprideofplaceinChristianmarriage.Formatrimonialfaithde-, mandsthathusbandandwifebejoinedinanespeciallyholyandpurelove, notasadulterersloveoneanotherbut asChristlovedtheChurch.. The love,then,ofwhichwearespeakingis

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SocialValueoftheUnmarried

notthatbasedonthepassinglustof themoment,nordoesitconsistinpleasingwordsonlybutinthedeepattachmentoftheheartwhichisexpressed inaction,sinceloveisprovedby deeds.Thisoutwardexpressionof loveinthehomedemandsnotonly mutualhelpbutmustgofurther:must have,asitsprimarypurpose,thatthe manandwomanhelpeachotherdaybydayinformingandperfectingthemselvesintheinteriorlife,sothat throughtheirpartnershipinlifethey mayadvanceevermoreandmorein virtue."

Inthislastsentence,wehavethe keytotheproblemoftheesteemin whichreligiousmenofalltimeshave heldthe,atfirstsight,contradictory notionsofMarriageandPerfectPerpetualChastity.TheprimarypurNposeoflifeistheattainingofone's finalend,i.e.,unionwithGod,and though,fromthepointofviewofSociety,marriageisintendedforthepropagationoftherace;fromthepointof viewoftheindividualspartakinginit, itisinthelastanalysisintendedto drawthem,throughhumanlove,to theloveofGod.Thereis.however,a quicker,amoresecure,amoreperfectwayofreachingoutofGod'slove -itisthewayofPerfectChastity.

PerfectChastityisbaseduponthe ideathattheuseofthesensestends todivertusfromGod,byimmersing usinmaterialthings.Itrenounces thejoysofmarriage-notbecausemarriageisevil:farfromit:butbecause suchrenunciationopensthewaytoa quicker,moreperfect,wayofreachingunionwithGod.Thus,St. Thomassays:"Ifamanabstainsfrom bodilypleasureinordermorefreelyto givehimselftothecontemplationof Truth,thisisinaccordancewithright reason.Now,holyvirginityretrains fromallvenerealpleasure,inorder morefreelytohaveleisureforDivine Contemplation."

Thesocialaimofmarriageistheprocreationofchildren.Thesocialaim ofPerfectChastityistheprocreation

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ofspiritualchildrenbecause,though theprimarymotiveofPerfectChastity isloveofGod,yetloveofGodimplies anintenseloveofallmankind.Consequently,thosewhoareconsecrated inPerfectChastitytoGod'sdirectservicearealsoipso-factodedicatedto thespiritualregenerationofhumanity.Thisistruenotonlyoftheactivepriestorreligiouswhoworksexternallyforthesalvationofsoulsbut, alsoandinparticular,ofthecontemplativewhouseshisorherspecial powerofintercessionwithGodforthe spiritualgenerationandregeneration ofhumansouls.Thus,thoughmarriagebasedonhumanloveisfruitful socially,PerfectChastitybasedon Charityismoreprofoundlyfruitful still.Marriageis,forthemany,the waytounionwithGod:PerfectChastityis,forthechosen(relatively)few, thewaytotheperfectionofthatunion.

Note:(1)Itmayhappenthatapersoninthemarriedstatemayattain morequicklyandmoreperfectlyto God'slovethanapersoninthestate ofPerfectChastity.Thereasonis that,inthisinstance,theformercorrespondswhole-heartedlywiththe gracesofthemarriedstate,whilethe latterisslowandreluctantincorrespondingwiththehighergracesof thestateofPerfectChastity.Thus. thoughhisstatebelessperfect-i.e.. offerslessopportunitiesofperfectionthemarriedpersoninthisinstance attainstothegreaterperfection.Normally,however,themoreperfectstate willnurturemoreholychildren.Thus, thoughmatrimonyproducesmany saintsofahighorder,PerfectChastityproducesmoresaintsandofhigher orderstill.

Note(2):Thereareaconsiderable numberofmenandwomeninsocietywhodonotenterintothemarried state,forvariousgoodreasons:religious,moral,social,economic,etc.These peopleoccupyamostimportantplace inthesocialsystem.Firstly,theyhavegreateropportunitiesofpersonal sanctificationthanthoseinthemarriedstate.St.Paulthussumsitup: "Hethatiswithawifeissolicitous forthethingsoftheworld:howhe maypleasehiswife.Andheisdivided.Andtheunmarriedwomanand thevirginthinkethonthethingsof theLord;thatshemaybeholein bodyandspiritButshethatismar-

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viedthinkethonthethingsofthe world:howshemaypleaseherhusband."AsregardsSociety,thesocialvalueofunmarriedpeopleis-very great.Onethinksofintellectualand culturalresearch,careofthesick,domestichelpandthevariousvoluntary worksofsocialimportance.Students inSocialquestionsascribetothisclass ofcitizenaplaceofuniqueimportanceinSociety.Wemust,however, carefullydistinguishfromthese"busy bees"anotinconsiderableminorityof "drones"whorefrainfrommarriage forpurelyselfishmotivesandwhodevotetheirpettylivestothesatisfyingoftheirown,asocialselfishness.

Note(3):Itiswelltoreferbrief!: tosomeofthenaturaladvantagesof thecelibacywhichtheCatholic Churchdemandsfromitsministers. Freedfromthecaresofafamilythe Catholicpriestmay,withoutanxiety, takeuponhisshouldersthedirection ofthelargehumanunitcommittedto hiscare.Hispublicprofessionof PerfectChastityisanever-insistent

idealwhereonispatternedthatrelative chastitywhichistheguardianof happymarriedlife.Aboveall,the celibatepriestisinanunassailably strongmoralpositionwhenhedemandsfromtheunmarriedmanand womanthemaintenanceofthatabsolutechastitytothepracticeofwhich thepriestisfreelyyetirrevocably vowed.

Note(4)Thetext"IncreaseandMultiply"is,sometimes,putforwardas containinganinjunctiontoallmenand womentomarry.

R.:Thereisadutyuponthehuman racetoperpetuateitself,butthisgeneraldutywouldbecomeobligatoryon anindividualonlyifthecontinuation oftheracedemandedit.Thus,the obligationfellinfullforceuponOur FirstParents.Apartfromthat,the propagationoftheraceissufficiently guaranteedbythenaturalurgeto marriagewhichmostmenandwomen accept.Thedutyofprocreation, therefore,fallsonnoindividualinparticular.

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ADramatic Moment

silicawassolemnlyconsecratinghis childrenofRome,thatthroughherintercessionGodmightgrantthegraces necessaryinthistimeofsorrow.

Itwasaspontaneousoutpouringof theRomanfaithful,andtheyhad come,therewasnomistakingit,to pourouttheirheartsinprayertothe BlessedVirginMarythatshemight obtainforthemandfortheworldthat "peaceinthetruthandjusticeand charityofChrist."

TheceremonywithintheBasilica wassimpleandyetmostimpressive; therewasnobrilliantlighting,nolong procession,nospecialchoir.Thealtar, richlyilluminatedbymyriadcandles, stoodoutagainstthesombrebackground.Thesingingwasthespontaneousandheartfeltchorusofthe congregation.

VaticanCity.

Thespontaneousacclaimofthevast crowdgatheredinSt.Peter'sSquare onDecember8whenHisHoliness PopePiusXIIappearedontheBasilicabalconytogivethemhisblessing,hascausedmuchcommentin secularnewspapers.

.1sthe,unslowlysetbehindthe Vaticanhilltobringtoaclosethe FeastoftheImmaculateConception, HisHolinessPopePiusXIIunexpectedlyappearedonthebalconyofSt. Peter'sBasilicatoimparttothehuge gatheringoftheRomanfaithfulinthe squarebelowhisApostolicBenediction.

Itwasatonceamagnanimousand significantgesture,forHisHoliness hadbeeninformedthatmorethan 50.000ofthebelovedfaithfulofthe EternalCity,whohadcomeinreponsetohispastoralappealtojoin himinaHolyHourofimpetration andexpiation.foundtheBasilicafilled tooverflowingandwereobligedtoremaininthegreatsquareofSt.Peter's. Theretheystoodinsilentprayerto theBlessedVirginMary,.towhoseImmaculateHeartPopePiusXII,as BishopofRome,fromwithintheBa-

JailsSaidto PapalFunds

The"NewYorkTimes"quotesa statementfrom"Catholicsourcesin HongKong"thattheJapanesemilitaryauthoritiesinHongKongseized 40,000dollarsofthe100,000dollarsgivenbytheHolylatherfortherelief ofpersonsinJapaneseinterment C4111136.

Itissaidthatthemoneywassent fromtheVaticantotheJapaneseauthoritieswithinstructionstodistributeittothoseinterned.

TheJapanese,itwasunderstood, keptallthemoneyuntiltheVatican

Theimmensecongregationkneltin perfectsilenceasHisHolinessrecited theprayerofconsecrationtotheImmaulateHeartofMary,whichhehimselfcomposed.Itwasamovingsight andonehadtheimpressionthatthe heartofRomewasoverflowingindevotionandimpetrationastheBishopof theEternalCitystormedHeavenin soulfulsupplicationwithhisbeloved flock.

AfterimpartingBenedictionofthe BlessedSacrament,theHolyFather wascarriedfromtheBasilicaonthe gestatorialchairandwentimmediately tothebalcony,whereheblessedthe assembledcrowdsandthecitywhich herulesasBishop.

Hereindeedwasadramaticmoment whichwilllivelonginthememoryof allpresent.RomeandRomansrestedeasierthatnightintheknowledge thattheBlessedVirginMaryhadbeen calledupontoactasspecialmediatrix inthecauseofworldpeace,andthat thecityandthefaithfulhadbeenplacedinaveryspecialmannerunderher protection.

PresentintheapseoftheVatican BasilicaduringtheHolyHourwere twentyCardinalswithmembersofthe diplomaticcorps,includingrepresentativesfromtheUnitedStates,Great BritainandthevariousCentraland SouthAmericancountries.-"The SouthernCross."

HaveSeized

protestedandthentheJapaneseinsistedonkeeping40,000dollars"forthe JapaneseArmy."

"RighteousMission.

TheJapaneseinstructednewspapers andradiostationstoreportthatthe Popehassent40,000dollars"forthe comfortsofJapanesetroopsinrecognitionofourrighteousmission."

(TheApostolicDelegationinLondonstatedlastOctoberthatthesubsidysentbytheHolySeetoHong Kongwasintendedforandwasin factdistributedtothosesufferingfrom thewarwithoutdistinctionofnationalityorreligion.Themoneywasfor prisoners,theinternedandmissionaries.)

GeneralSikorski's NotableReply

(ContinuedfromFrontCover.)

poetsandPolishleaderswhoweretryingtofindananswertothattormentin:,question-whydidthishappen andhowtorestorefreedomtotheir country?-alwaysfoundtheanswer: thatitistheruleofjusticewhich givesbirthtofreedom.Thatiswhy fromthetimesofKosciuszko,whereverthestruggleagainstoppression broke,Polesfoughtforhumanfreedom."

OftheNazipersecutionofPoland GeneralSikorskisaid:"Theclosingof allsecondaryschoolsanduniversities, theimprisonmentandmurderofuniversityprofessors,thekillingof Priests,theprohibitiontoprintbooks andperiodicals-thesearethemethods appliedsystematicallytodestroyand annihilatethecultureofthePolishnation.TheGermanshavesparedno atrocity,crimeorvillainyinorderto forcethemtoabandontheircourse, andallisdonetodepravethemorals ofPolishyouthinordertoweakenthe spiritofthenation.Inthisstruggle

thePolishnation,ledbyidealsof Christianmorality,willcontinuetoresist.

"Thevictorythatwillbeoursmust firstrestorethosemoralstandards whichtheGermansandtheirsatelliteshavedestroyed.Thiswillbe difficultandweshallencountermany obstacles.Butwemustpersevere. Mankind,sogreatlytried,cannever departfromitsdevotiontothelaws ofGodwhichmustruletheworldif itisnottobecomeahell.

"Suchwillsurelybethecase.In themidstofthebattlewearealready witnessingastrangebutatthesame timeamostcharacteristicphenomenon.Manyofthosewhoadvocatedmaterialismandthesubstitutionof thelawsofGodbytheethicsofwhat theycalledpurereason,admitthat theyarenowinneedofChristianmoralityandturntothelawsofGod.

"Iamdeeplyconvincedthatthe partwhichtheCatholicChurchwill playinthefuturemoralreconstructionoftheworldwillbeenormous"TheSouthernCross."