The Record Newspaper 15 April 1943

RativeIllanpowerinItorthAfricanCampaign

HighQualityMorale,CourageandEndurance inVariousDesertTribes

ThewriterofthefollowingarticleintheNewYork"Commonweal,"J.Paar Cabrera,isaspecialistinmilitarymattersandhashadconsiderablefirsthandexperiencewithvariousEuropeansoldiers.Hegivesaninteresting pictureoftheFrenchfightingmanpowerinNorthernandWesternAfrica,a descriptivesurveywhichshouldbeofespecialinterestatthepresenttime.

TheterritoriesofNorthernandWesternFrenchAfricaareinhabitedby some31,000,000natives,manyofthem warlike.Moreover,theconscription systemhasbeeninvigoursincebefore thefirstWorldWarinAlgeria,Tunisia, andSenegal.Aspotentialeffectives againsttheAxistherearethethree hundred-oddthousandsoldiers-active dutyandfirst-linereserves-ofthe FrenchArmyinNorthernandWesternAfricaandanadditionalsixhundredthousandnativesofmilitaryage withtraining.

ThefirstunitsofSenegalese"tirailleurs"weremustered,drilledandledin combatbyofficersoftheColonialinfantry,whichwas,initsturn,abranch oftheFrenchMarines.Hencethe Senegalesetirailleursarestillunder thejurisdictionoftheFrenchNavy Department.Traditionbeingstrictly respectedintheFrenchmilitarysystem,thismayexplainwhytheprevalentlySenegalesetirailleurgarrisonof DakarresistedGeneraldeGaulle,was nottheobjectofanappealbyGeneral Giraud,andobeyedtheordertoline upbehindtheAmericanarmedforces intheserviceoftheAlliedcausesent tothembyAdmiralDarlan-with wholeheartedenthusiasmbecauseAmericaislovedandrespectedinFrench Africa.

TheSenegalesesoldiersproperbelong generallytotheAuloffandSereres tribes.Theyaretallandmuscular Negroeswhothinkthattheyareas goodasanywhiteman,andbetter thanmost.Theyhaveadisconcertinghabitofcriticisingandanswering backroughly,buttheyareconvinced thattheyareFrenchmenfirstand Senegalesenext,andarefaithfulunto deathtotheirofficersinwar.

SenegalesearenotasenduringasAlgeriansorasfearlessasMoroccans. Theyareexcellenthand-grenadethrowers,poormarksmenwithrifles,run-ofthe-millmachinegunners.Verydangerousfortheenemywhenthecombatrunsintheirfavour,theyrally easilyafteraminorsetback,butmay becomedispiritedandpassiveifthey becomeconvincedthattheoddsare

hopelesslystackedagainstthem.From suchafunktheymaybesnappedby officersabletocrackjokesincrucial moments,orbyofficerswhotakelong chanceswhenthegoingisparticularly tough.

HighQualityMorale.

TheSenegaleseformofworshipisa mixtureofMohammedanismandidolatry.Ithasbeenofrealassistance ,toFrenchcolonialleaders.Thusthe lateMarshalLyauteycouldsendSenegalesetirailleursagainsttheworstoppositionconfidentthattheywould smashthrough,becauseSenegalese superstitionheldthathehadthe"Baraja,"orgiftofinvulnerabilityandsuccess.ThelateGeneralMangincould dowhathewantedwithSenegalese tirailleursbecauseoftheirbeliefthat hehadthepowerofputtingtheevil eyeonwhoevermethisdispleasure.

But,inmanyinstances,sheerenthusiasmandnotsuperstitionhasenabled theSenegalesetirailleurstoturnapparentdefeatintovictory.Inthe waroftheRiffsomebadlybeaten Senegalesebattalionsralliedandseizedtheenemypositioninasurgeof martialspiritwhentheirofficerssuddenlyintonedtheircorpsanthem, whichisthatoftheoldInfanteriede Marine,andwhichdoesnotmention theSenegaleseatall.

Suchananthem,toapleasantbut notmartialtune,beginswiththe words:"Pourfaireunsoldatdemarineitfautavoirdanssapoitrinel'ame d'unmatelotetcelled'unsoldat,"or, tobecomeamarineinfantrymanone musthaveinhisbreastthesoulofa sailorandthatofasoldier,etc.ActuallytheSenegalesetirailleursinclude NegroleviesfromSouth-easternMauritania,theUpperVolta,thebasinof theNigerRiver,etc.

TheHardyArab. NumericallysuperiortotheSenegalesearetheregulartroops,classes ofreservistsandpartiallytrainedmen ofmilitaryageofAlgeriaandTunisia, whoaremostlyso-calledSabirand Ksour-ortownandvillage-Arabiof

*CurseofUsury,Family FeudsandOtherCustoms ofMoroccanFighters

13erher-Semiticstock,Berbersandsons ofwhitecolonists.

TheAlgerianArabssiftedwithtremendousendurance,cancovermarches offiftyorsixtymileswithfullyloadedpacks,restingafewminutesevery coupleofhoursorso,andgointo battleimmediatelyafter,freshasdaisies.However,althoughnoteasily frightened,theyprefertoavoiddeath andwoundsiftheycanhelpit.Consequentlytheyneedfirmsupervision andproddingunderfire.

TheTunisianArabshave,toaminor extent,allthegoodqualitiesofthe AlgerianArabs,alltheirfaultsandare, besides,inordinatelylazy.Theyrespond,however,toenlightenedaction ofcommand.

TheAlgerianBerbers-thosefrom Kabyliaespecially-makesteady, braveandreliablesoldiers.Theyare exceptionallyhard-workingandtough becauseofthestrenuousrunoflifeof theircommunities.Kabylesaremostlylight-complexioned-manyofthem haveblueorgreyeyes,andlightbrown orreddishbeards.Theyarestrong andtirelessworkers,whoexploittheir landstothelimitandliveinhouses ofsun-hardenedclaywithanappearanceofsoftdough.

InKabyliahardwoodisscarce,and whiteantsabundant.Consequently insteadofchairs.tablesandbeds,the Kabylianhousesareequippedwith bigslabsofhardenedclayjutting fromthefootofeachwallwhichhave aneerieappearanceofsarcophagi.The Kabylianhousesupplies-enormous clayjarswhereinarestoredgrains, driedfruitoroliveoil,thepottery,the wicklamps-areshapedlikethedomesticimplementsusedalongthe shoresoftheMediterraneanSealong beforeRomewasbuilt.

TheCurseofUsury. BeforethepresentwaritwascustomaryforKabylianyoungmentogo

toworkaslabourersandlongshoremen inFranceduringthewinter.Backin Kabyliainthespringwiththeirhoardedsavingstheyoftensquanderedthem inprolongedbanquetingorgambling. Kabylianmoneylenderslooklikebeggars,andcarryoftenmillionsoffrancs incurrencyintheirmoneybeltsfastenedundertheirgandourahsor tunics.

Theylendbytheweek-theloannot repaidontheappointeddaybecomes double,afteranadditionalweekqualruple-andsoon.Therehavebeen caseswhenanoriginalloanoften francshaseventuallyplacedinthe poweroftheusurerthehouse,the landandthelivestockofthedebtor. TheFrencheffortstoeliminatethe evilofusuryinKabyliahavemade littleheadwayagainsttheingrained powerofage-oldcustomandtheKabyliasecretiveness.

TheKabylesknowhowtomanufacturecruderiflesandblackgunpowder.Thereforethepracticeofthe Baroudcannotbeeradicatedamong them.TheBaroud,meaningliterally powder,isafeudintowhicharedraggedthemalerelationsandfriendsof thecontendingparties.Wheneverthe Frenchauthoritiesdon'tinterfere quickly,itdegeneratesintopitched battleswithplentyofcasualties.

Thesearethereasonsprovingthat. theKabylementalquotientisinferior totheKabylestamina-whichexplainswhymilitarydutyandevenwar areeasieronKabylesthantheirstrenuoustribalwayofliving.Usuryand theBaroudarethecursesofKabylia.

FightingisaPleasure.

ThesixmillioninhabitantsofMoroccoareunderthenominalruleofthe Sultan,andtheeffectiveoneofthe localFrenchadministrationwhichhas musteredseveralbattalionsofMoroccantirailleurs,Moroccanartillery,

(ContinuedonBackCover.)

OurLordwasatonceClodandVatt HenceHisTemptationsandHisAgony WereReal.

"EarnestInquirer,"City

Q.:Inenclosesomequestionswhich Iwouldlikeyoutoanswerforme.

R.:Thisisthefifteenthyearsince thissessionfirstwentontheair,forI commenceditin1928.Duringthose yearsthequestionsyousendhaveall ofthembeensentinagainandagain. Butifyourpen-name,"EarnestInquirer,"correctlydescribesyourdispositions,youaretheveryfirstwho haseverreallywantedthemanswered. Alltheotherssenttheminhopingthat theywouldnotbeanswered,fondlybelievingthattheycouldnotbeanswered,andregardingthemasagoodexcuseforrenouncingaChristianity whichonquiteothergroundstheydid wanttoaccept.You,however,are therareexception:thoughImustconfessthatIfinditdifficulttobelieve suchtobethecase.

NOTWITHOUTEFFORT!

Q.:Ihavetriedtoputtheminaway thatwouldnotcauseyoutothinkI hadanyobjectexcepttolearnthe Church'steachinginthesematters.

R.:Youhavenotsucceededvery well,foryourveryfirstquestionconcludeswithanairoftriumphcommon torationalists,whoimaginethattheir appealconstitutesanimpregnableargumentagainstthetruthofChristianity,andsettlesitonceandforall.In anycase,youshouldnothavehadto "try"toputyourquestionsinsucha wayasto"lead"metothinkyousincere.Consciouseffortisfatalinsuch cases.Thereallysinceremandoesn't havetotrytoappearsincere.Hejust is.-Onefurtherremark.Ihaverepeatedlyrequestedenquirersnotto exceedonepage.Youhavesenttwo pages.Consequently,Iwillhaveto answeronepageonlyto-night,reservingthesecondpagefornextSunday'ssession.

TEMPTATIONOFCHRIST.

Q.:Christwas,is,andalwayswillbe God.

R.:Thatistrue,butHewasnot merelyGod.HewasGodaspossessingatrulyhumannature,bornofthe VirginMary,andsharingwithusin alltheconditionsofhumannature, exceptliabilitytosin.

Q.:WhenthedeviltemptedChrist withthepromiseofworldlyadirantage,didnotbothChristandthe devil(whoisalwaysquotedasbeing verycunning)knowthatthepromisewasabsolutelyabsurd?

R.:Onlyaninadequatelyinformed andsuperficialmindwouldthinkso. Inthefirstplace,thedevildidnot knowthatChristwasactuallyGod. Hisverymodeofaddress,"Ifthou betheSonofGod,"showsthat.He, thereforeadaptedhistemptationsto

thehumannaturehedidknow,hoping thatifChristwerenotGod,but merelyahumanandfallibleMessiah, He,too,mightrebelagainstGodand throwinhislotwithhimself.The promiseofworldlyadvantageswasnot absurd,forthedevilknewthatthe wholehumanracewasunderhisinfluencebysin,thatallnations,with theirwealthandtheirarts,withtheir literatureandcultureandsociety,were markedwithhismarkandsealedwith hisseal.Inaverytruesensethe wholehumanracewashis,evenasit was-fromhimthatthehumanracewas toberedeemed.Anditwasnotab-

surdtosuggesttoChrist:Ruleover thisworldwithme,insteadofpaying thefearfulpricenecessarytodethronemeandruleoveritwithout me.Isaythatthiswasnotanabsurdoffer,inthelightofthedevil's ignorancethatChristwasindeedGod. Christ,ofcourse,knewthatHewas God;butHepermittedthetemptationbothtoprovethatHehada trulyhumannaturecapableofhaving temptationsproposedtoit,andthat Hewasstrongerthanthetempterto whomtheotherhumanbeingsHehad toredeemhadyielded.Thereis nothingabsurdinthisepisode,andthe confidenceofonewhodeclaresitabsurdhasnothingtojustifyit.Infact, onlythemanwholacksknowledge, anddoesn'trealiseit.couldspeakwith suchunjustifiedconfidence.

*CatholicSocialTeaching CondemnsthePrimacyofthe ProfitMotive *DilemmaofaCatholicwho AttemptsMarriageOutside TheChurch

CHRIST'SPRAYERTOGOD.

Q.:IntheagonyinthegardenChrist prayed,"Father,ifitbepossible,let thischalicepassfromme;nevertheless,notmywillbutthinebe done." iiirrect.

Q.:TowhomwasHespeaking?

R.:HewasspeakingtoHisHeavenlyFather,theFirstPersonoftheMost HolyTrinity.

Q.:ChristwasGodHimself.

R.:ChristwastheEternalSonof God,sharingwithHisHeavenly FatherintheDivineNature,yetpossessingalsoaperfecthumannatureby virtueofHisincarnation.Thatthe EternalSonshouldaddresstheEternalFatherisquiteintelligible.That Heshouldexpressthereluctanceof thetrulyhumannatureHehadassumedtoendureuntoldsufferingis alsointelligible.AndthatHeshould, nevertheless,conformHishumanwill inthatnaturetotheDivineWillis againintelligible.

* * *

HUMANWILLOFCHRIST.

Q.:ThereisandwasonlyoneGod.

R.:Thatistrue.Butitisalsotrue thattheoneDivineNatureofGodis sharedbyThreePersons,ofwhomthe SecondDivinePersonassumedalsoa humannature.ThattheEternalSon shouldconformthehumanwillinthat

humannaturetotheDivineWilldoes notsuggestthatthereismorethan oneGod.

Q.:WhenChristsaidthosewords,did itmeanthatHewishedtoescape thedeathontheCrossnecessaryfor ourredemption?

R.:ThatIhavealreadyexplained. Ileexpressedthenaturalreluctanceof Hishumannaturetofacesuchanordeal,butmanifestedawillstronger thansuchreluctance.Thenatural wishwouldbetoavoidit;butthewill wasstrongerthanthewish.

THECRYONTHECROSS.

Q.:Whatwasthemeaningofthecry, "MyGod,myGod,whyhastThou, forsakenMe?"HeHimselfwasGod, andknewallthings,past,present, andfuture.

R.:KeepinmindthatChristwas theSonofGodaspossessingahuman nature.Hiscry,"MyGod,myGccl. whybastThouforsakenme,"express. edthesenseofderelictionHeallowed Hishumannaturetoexperience,and hadnoreferencetoHisDivineNature. ThekeytothesedifficultiesistorememberthatChristwasaDivinePersonpossessingtwonatures,thatof Godandthatofman.Hecould thereforespeak,nowinvirtueofHis beingGod,nowinvirtueofHisbeing man.ThecryfromtheCrosswasin thelattercapacity.

SocialViewsofMr.Menzies

"Producer,"Sydney

Q.:Iencloseanarticlefromthe"Telegraph,"ofMarch10,byMr.R.G. Menzies,whomthepapertermsthe "mostlucidexponentoflaissez-faire." R.:The"Telegraph's"descriptionof Mr.Menziesasanexponentoflaissezfaireisquiteunjust,andcontradicted bytheveryarticlehewrote.ForMr. Menziesdidnotadvocateleaving thingsastheyare.Hedemanded veryfar-reachingchangesinthepre-

5/3qr.;1100,8/-qr.23yrsandunder25,5/5qr.;1100,8/4qr.25yrs.andunder30,5/10qr.;f100,9/2qr. Membersupto51accepted.AlsoSickness,MedicalandHospitalBenefits.

J.EDWARDS,GrandSecretary,WestAustralianChambers,St.George'sTerrace,Perth. Tel.tB78111.

sentsystem,merelycondemningthe ...eathatitisnecessarytodestroythe`" wholestructurerather,thandeform theabusesofit.Thememberofthe "Telegraph's"staffwhodescribedMr. Menziesasanexponentoflaissezfaireeitherlackedtheintelligenceto understandhisarticle,orallowedbias todictatethecaption.

THEPROFITMOTIVE.

Q.:Iamparticularlyinterestedinhis referencetoindustrialcapitalism,and

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wouldbegladifyouwouldcornmeatonthepassagesIhavemarked.

R.:Iwilldoso,asfullyastime willallow.Butyourealise,ofcourse, thatthesubjectistoobigforfull treatmenttobegiveninsuchasession asthis.

Q.:IfIrememberrightly,Dr.Ryan wroteanarticlesometimeagofor the"SydneyMorningHerald,"condemningthe"profitmotive"inindustry,theverythingMr.Menzies hereupholds.

R.:ItistruethatDr.Ryanwrote anarticleforthe"SydneyMorning Herald,"condemningthe"profitmotive"inindustry.ButIdonot thinkMr.Menzieshimselfunderstood thesenseinwhichthe"profit-motive" wascondemned.Infact,muchof whathesaysisalsoacondemnation ofthe"profit-motive"inthesensewe intend.ButletusturntothesectionsofMr.Menzies'articleyouhay,marked.

*

ANECESSARYINCENTIVE.

'Q.:"Ifwebelieveintheideaofprogress.ofincreasedstandardsandbet terconditions,andmorehappiness." writesMr.Menzies,"wemustnot putindividualinitiativeononeside, foritisthegreatestdynamicforce ineconomicprogress."

R.:TothatIobjectfromonebasic pointofview.Idenytheimplicationthatitiseconomicprogresswhich willgiveincreasedstandardsandbetterconditionsandmorehappinessall round.Noamountofeconomicprogresswillbenefiteverybodyunlessits benefitsareequitablydistributed. Again,allmustnotbesubordinatedto economicprogress,asthoughthat werethechiefthingtobeattained. Therearemoreimportantformsof progressthanthat,andtothemeconomicprogressmustitselfbesubject.

Atthesametime,IagreewithMr. Menziesthatindividualinitiativemust notbeputononeside,foreconomic progresswithinitspropersphere mustcontinue,andforthatindividual initiativeisnecessary.Now,suchindividualinitiativedemandsanincentive.Theoldsocialisttagthateach shouldcontributetothecommongood, accordingtohiscapacity,andthat eachshouldreceivefromthecommon goodaccordingtohisneeds,doesnot work.Ifamanisnotgoingtoreceivemorethanhisbareneedsfor puttingagreatercapacityanddevotednessattheserviceofsociety,he won'tbebothereddevelopingthe greaterdevotedness.Everymanhas arighttogreaterrecompensefor greaterservices.Andwithoutthat incentive,individualinitiativewill vanish.

THECOMMONGOOD.

Q.:"Whatwemustdo,"continuesMr. Menzies,"istorealisethatthedynamoispartofthemachine,and thatitsworkmustbedirectedand controlledinthecommoninterest."

R.:Idonotlikethemechanicalconceptofsocietywhichthatstatement, onthesurface,suggests.However, noonecoulddenythevalueofthe 'thoughtitexpresses.Industry,fin-

royouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?RememberSt.Charles'SeminaryEducadonFundinyourwill.

ance,business,thesethingsconstitute onlyapartofsociety.Andsociety mustnotbeordainedtothem.They mustbeordainedtothegoodofsociety.Andtheymustbedirected andcontrolledinthecommoninterest. Thathasnotbeendoneinthepast; andhow,aftersuchademand,anyone canaccuseMr.Menziesofalaissezfairepolicypassescomprehension.

NEWCAPITALISTOUTLOOK.

Q.:"Thecapitalistmustaccept,not clAminishing,butincreasingresponsibilitiesforgoodindustrialconditions,ajustsharingofprofits,and, tothegreatestpossibleextent, stableemployment."

R.:Withthatnosensibleperson couldquarrel.Thereare,ofcourse, hot-headswhoinsistthattheremust benotasinglecapitalistleftinthe worldtoacceptanyresponsibilities. Buttheyspeakirresponsiblythemselves.Therewillalwaysbesomein thisworldwho,bytheirgreatergifts andpossessions,willbeabletoprovidemeansofproductionandemployment.Andtheywillrepresent capital,notasopposedtolabour,but. :tistobehoped,asco-operatingwith labour,forthecommongood.

Q.:"Inotherwords,thecapitalist mustbemadetoacceptexpanding socialandindustrialresponsibilities."

R.:Hemustbemadetodoso,unlesshewantstodoso.Butifsociety wereverytrulyandcompletelyreformedintheChristiansenseofthe word,hewouldwanttodoso.And thatwouldbemuchbetter.

ABOLISHTHEPROFIT-MOTIVE.

Q.:''Tospeak,assometheoretical peopledo,oftheabolitionofthe meltmotive,istoignorethemost fundamentalinstinctsofmankind, whicharenotonlythoseofsecurity, butalsoofadvancement."

R.:Tospeakthusofthosewhodemandtheabolitionoftheprofit-motive istoshowacompletemisunderstandingofwhattheyintend.Wedonot saythatoneshouldnotprofitbyhis investments,ability,orlabour.Personalgainisaquitelawfulmotivein industryandwork;andweinsist,with Mr.Menzies,thatitisnecessary,inaccordancewiththemostfundamental instinctsofmankind,thatsuchar fitshouldbeassured.Whatwedo attackisthe"primacy"oftheprofitmotive,itspredominance,andthe factthatotherandmuchmoreimportantconsiderationsareregardedas quitesecondary,andevenofnoaccount.Itisthisattitudetowards profitsthatwewanttoseeabolished: andwearenotmeretheorists.The abolitionoftheprofit-motiveasthe be-allandend-allofcapitalisticindustryisintenselypractical,essentialto theestablishingofsocialjustice.Mr. Menzieshimselfpartiallyagreeswith uswhenheadmitsthatindustrialcapitalismmustbedirectedandcontrolled inthecommoninterest:thatis,that itmustbesubordinatedtothecommongood,insteadofbeingordained solelytotheproductionofdividends forinvestors.Butthereism'" moretoitthanthis,andastimewill notpermitmorethisevening,Iwill returntothesubjectlater,explaining fullyjustwhatwemeanbythe"profit-motive."theevilstowhichitgives rise,andtheoutlookwhichmustbe adoptedinstead,ifthereistobeajust reform.

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W.A.Office: "WARWICKHOUSE,"ST.GECRGE'STERRACE,PERTHP.ENGELBRECHT,ResidentSecretary.

CatholicsandCivilMarriage

"WelcomeMe,"N.S.W.:

Q.:WhatisthepositionofaCatholic manwhomarriesanon-Catholic girlintheRegistryOffice?

R.:WhilsttheStateregardshismarriageasvalidincivillaw.theCatholic Churchdeclaresthathismarriageis notvalidindivinelaw.Formarriageisnotmerelyacivilcontract;it is,forCatholics,aChristianSacrament.AndtheCatholicChurchdeclaresthataCatholiccannotreceive theSacramentofMarriageinaregistryoffice;hemustreceiveitinaccordancewiththeritesofhisreligion, andcomplywiththerequirementsof theCatholicChurch,towhichhebelongs.If,therefore,aCatholicgoes throughtheformofmarriageinaregistryoffice,hecannotregardthatmarriageasvalidforhiminthesightof God,norishejustifiedinlivingwith hispartnerasmanandwife.Before hecoulddothatinconscience,he wouldhavetogethismarriagerectifiedaccordingtoCatholicrequirementsinthepresenceofhisparish priestandtwowitnesses.

SACRAMENTSRENOUNCED.

Q.:Ifthemanrefusedtodenyhis Faith,orgiveuphisChurch.atthe requestofthegirl.canhegoto ConfessionandreceiveHolyCommunion?

R.:Itisgood,ofcourse,thathis Faithmeantsomuchtohimthathe wouldnotdenyhisreligionandabandonhisChurchinfavourofanother. Butit'sapitythathisFaith,whichalreadymeantsomuchtohim,didnot gofurtherandpreventhimfromviolatingthelawsoftheChurchconcerningmarriage.Asthingsstand,heremainsaCatholic,andheisobliged toattendMassonSundaysasusual. Butbecause,beforeGodandinconscience,heislivinginasinfulstate,he cannotgotoConfessionorreceive HolyCommunionuntilheisprepared toceaselivingwiththegirlconcerned, orhashiscivilmarriagerectifiedin accordancewiththerequirementsof theCatholicChurch.

* FAITHOFTHECHILDREN.

Q.:Thewifesaysthat,ifthereare anychildrenbornofthemarriage, shewillnotallowthemtobebap tisedandbroughtupasCatholics.

R.:Thatmakesthingsmoredifficult.FortheCatholicChurchhasnot thepowertorectifythemarriageaccordingtoGod'slaws,unlessboth partiesgivetheirsolemnassurance thatallchildrenbornofthemarriagewillbebaptisedandbroughtup asCatholics.TheCatholicmantherefore,cannothavehismarriageput rightinaccordancewithhisreligion untilhepersuadesthegirltoagree thatallthechildrenwillbeCatholics. Untilhesucceedsindoingthat,heis reducedtoachoicebetweenthegirl andthegraceofGod.Ifthegrace ofGodmeansmoretohimthanthe girl,hewillhavetoceaselivingwith her.Ifheinsistsoncontinuingto liveasahusbandtoherhecannot havethegraceofGod.Itwouldbe uselessforhimtogotoConfession,for nopriestcouldgivehimabsolution whilstheintendstocontinueinastate ofsin;andwithoutabsolution,he cannotreceiveHolyCommunion.He isobligedtoattendMassonSundays, therefore;butiscutofffromtheSacramentsaslongaspresentconditions continue.

AMOTHER'SSORROW.

Q.:Iamtheboy'smother,andam heart-brokenthatmysonshould havemarriedoutsidetheChurch andwithouttheblessingofGod.

R.:Youwouldnotbehismother, andyouwouldnothavethefaith,were younotdistressed.Butyoumustrememberthateachoneisresponsible forhisownsoul,andevenamother cannotmaketherightchoiceforher children,oncetheyhaveattainedto theageofpersonalresponsibility.In yoursorrowthatyourownsonhas madeawrongchoice,allthatremains toyouarepatienceandprayer.But, remember,too,thatifchildrenfail theirmother,shemustnotfailthem. However,theyfailinlife,ingoodness, andevenintheirfaith,herloveand sympathymustnotslacken.Your sonmustknowthathestillhashi's placeinyourheart,andinyour prayers.Andifyoudoprayforhim, andkeepyourconfidenceinGod,showingcharityalways,youhaveevery reasontohopethatGodwillheara mother'sprayers,andbringeverythingrightintheend.

OurCatholicSchoolsandColleges

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ForParticularsApplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR

ROFESSORAnderson'sreaction tothemotionpassedintheLegisislativeAssemblyofN.S.W.waspassingstrange.TheAssemblydeclared thathisremarkswereunjustifiedin thattheypresentedatravestyofthe Christianreligionandwerecalculated tounderminetheprinciplewhichconstituteaChristianState,anditwas decidedtoprotesttotheUniversity.

ProfessorAndersonmettheseobjectionsbysayingthattheAssemblyset itselfupasanauthorityinmattersof theoryandasabodysittinginjudgmentonthestatementsofindividuals. Hecontendedthattheyhadignored thefactthatthefreestcontroversywas aconditionofintellectuallife.Now thesepleasappeartometoberemarkablyunphilosophic.SurelyifProfessorAndersonhastherighttoattack religioninpublic,themembersofthe N.S.W.LegislativeAssemblyhavethe nightodefendit.

Andifitcomestoaquestionofan authoritybeingsetup,noonecould havebeenmorepontificalordogmatic intheformofhisstatementsthanthe Professor.Moreover,sodebasedis oursociety,thattheProfessoralways prevailsagainsttheplainman,and evenagainstthepoliticians.Itisan ageofworshipfortheexpert.So thattheProfessors,andnotthepolitician's,wordborethe"ex-cathedra" imprint.

ProfessorAndersonassertedthatthe freestcontroversywasaconditionof intellectuallife.Butapparentlyhe doesnotwantanyintellectuallifein ourLegislatures,forinferentiallyhe deniesthemtherighttochallengeor discusshisviews.Ifthatisnotto claimsacrosanctprivilegeandtoinyokeauthorityagainstliberty,Ican makenothingofitatall.

ActuallytheProfessorseemedanxioustomodifywhathehadsaid.He spokeofcondemnationof"reported fragments"ofhisaddress,andpleaded thatpeopleshouldattendtothelogical characterofanargumentratherthan toitsconclusion.Allofwhichleaves ;mebreakthless.Surelytheconclusions ofanargumentaremerelytheclimax andthesummaryoftheprogressive logicallinks.Isitconceivablethat theconclusioncouldbequiteotherwise thanthegenerallogicalcharacterof thematter?

Inanycase,theProfessordidnotsee fittoquoteanyreferencesfromhisaddresstoillustratethatthepublished "fragments"gaveafalseimpressionof hisviews.Sohewasslapped,anddeservedlysoItisapitythatthe Universitiescannotrestraintheirstaffs frommakingpublicfoolsofthemselves. Itisofrecentyearsbecomingthecustomratherthantheexception. LS

CONTINLINGwithMr.Tindall's letter:HeaskswhyIthink thatsocialisationofland-rentsisantisocial.ThePapalsocialencyclicals bringtwomainargumentsagainstthe transferofpropertyfromprivate bandstothecommunity.Theseproposalsareunjust,firstly,becausethey wouldrobthelawfulpossessor,and,

secondly,becausetheywouldbring Stateactionintoaspherenotwithin itscompetence.Manhasanatural righttotheownershipofproperty,and whilehemay,ifhewishesvoluntarily, renouncethisright(asintheReligious OrdersoftheChurch)theStatecannot justlyexpropriateit.However,the righttopropertyisnotabsolute,and ifindividualsareemployingitagainst thecommongood(andtheyfrequent. lydoinoursocialdisorder),theState hastherightanddutytorestricttheir activities.Itmayrestricttheuseof propertybutnotdenytherightof ownership.Todosowouldbeimmoralandcontrarytothecommon

FRANCIS GILBERT

good,andhenceanti-social.Land rentvaluesarguenothingagainstthe righttoproperty.Thereisnoreasonwhythesevaluescannotbestabilisedjustasthepricesofothergoods arepeggedatpresent.

Irepeatthatitisthefunctionof theStateandnottheChurchtomake practicalregulationsfortheordering ofsocietyinitseconomicandpolitical needs.Mr.Tindall'sparallelbetween theseniortradesmanandtheapprenticelacksparity,becausetheChurch andtheStaterepresentdifferentorders ofreality.ItisnotI,butMr.Tindall, whomakesthesurprisingstatements. Hence:"IfthePopeisinfallible,he oughtsurelytohavethebrains,etc." Thepossessionofbrainsandorganising abilityhasabsolutelynothingtodo withtheInfallibilityofthePope. Franco,despiteMr.Tindall'ssneers,is agoodexampleofamanendeavouring torebuildsocietyonChristianprinciples.HeincidentallysavedSpain fromthehorrorsofBolshevism(and probablyEuropealso),andhispresent neutralityisofincalculablevalueto theAlHet.

IdonotthinkitnecessarytoquarrelwithMr.Tindalloverthebrains ofCatholics.ItisnopartofCatholic doctrinethattheyareclevererthan free-thinkers,butfromwhatIcansee

PROPERTYMANAGEMENT

Over30years'experienceinpropertymanagementandrentcollectionenableusto offeryouexpertserviceinthisdirection. Wealsohaveextensivelistsofprivate homesavailableforpurchaseinallsuburbs. Reasonabletermsarrangedifrequired. Wecanofferyouspecialisedserviceinall branchesofRealEstate.

DUDLEY&DWYERLIMITED SWORNVALUATORS. 98ST.GEORGE'STERRACE.

oftheopposition'sarguments,Ithink they.mightmodestlyclaimatleast equality.JustasCatholicsarenot clevererthannon-Catholics,sotheCatholiceducationsystemmaynotbe superiorintheimpartingofsecular knowledgetonon-Catholicandsecular schools.Butinbothincti.licesthey havetheadvantageofknowingsupernaturaltr.t'7heyowethisbenefit nottotheirbrainsorinitiative,butto thegraceofGod.Itistrueuptoa pointthatCatholicshavebeeninthe pastsomewhatapatheticaboutapplyingCatholicprinciplessocially.This islargelyduetotheirrelianceonevolutionaryratherthanrevolutionarymethodsandtothehistoricalfactthat they'navebeenforcedonthedefensive forthepastfour,hundredyears.But, liketheAllies,wearelearninggraduallytheadvantageofoffensivetactics.

IamsorrytohearthatProtestant schoolsarestilltaughtthatFrancis Drakewasahero.Iquiteagreeabout hispiracy,butwehaveknownthisfor samecenturies.IhopeMr.Tindall's historicalresearcheswillrevealtohim theeconomicconspiracybehindthe ReformationunderElizabethandthe truthabouttheGloriousRevolutionof 1658.TheaverageCatholicwould notheexpectedtobeabletodiscuss Papalpolicies.HemightmakeenormitiesofthecalibreofMr.Tindall's. I'msosorrywearenotallintellectuals andregrettonotethatProtestantsare noteither.Apparentlythisisaclosedpreserveforrationalistsandfreethinkers.

Mr.Tindallseemstosuggestthat "commonworkers"arenottooculturedbecauseofsomenefariousactivity onthepartoftheChurch.This,of course,isnotso.Ithasonlycome aboutsincetheStategrappedthe

ADON'SDIFFICULTIES COMMENTON CORRESPONDENCE

mon(,polyofeducation.Thehistoricalmonumentswhichsurvivefromthe agesoffaithwouldseemtoindicate thattheworkerinthosedayswasdecidedlycultured,evenifhedidnot havemuchformaleducation.Itis preciselywhenyoumakepeople"free" tothinkthattheyceasethinking.No amountofcompulsory,seculareducationhasbeenabletosolvethisintellectualbankruptcyofmoderntimes. Mr.Tindallsaysfurtherthat"you" can'texploittheworkingmanifheis cultured.ActuallyIdon'twantto, nordoestheChurch.Sheistrying toliberatemenbygivingthemownershipasfastasMr.Tindallandhis schoolaretryingtoenslavethemwith Socialism.

Mr.Tindallaskshowmoralissues canbeseparatedfromfundamental economicsandmoneytransactions. Thatiseasilyanswered.Ifawoman wantstoknowhowtoincreaseher meansandhowtolivewithinthem, shehadbetterconsultsomeonewho hasexperienceandknowledgeofdomesticeconomy.IftheMinisterfor Financewantstobalancethenation's budget,heshouldconsulteconomicexperts.Ifapersonstartsafactory formakingnewhats,hewillsearchthe Papal invainforadvice howtorunitsuccessfully.Forthose thingsinthemselvesareoutsidethe provinceoftheChurch.Economic activityisoutsidethesphereofreligionstrictlyunderstood.butitdoes notlieoutsidethefieldofmorals. HencetheChurchdeclareswhatis rightandwronginbusinesstransactions.Shecannottellthehousewife howtoincreaseherincome,butshe can,anddoes,tellhernottoincrease itbytheft.

(Morenextweek.)

EnglishCatholicChemists PlanCampaign

INDEFENCEOFMARRIAGE, HOMEANDFAMILYLIFE.

TheCatholicChemists;PharmaceuticalGuild)ofEnglandareplanninga nationwidecampaignindefenceof Christianmarriage,thehome,andfamilylife.Intheirpositivecampaign themembersoftheGuildwant:

(1)Nation-widepublicitycampaign throughPress,publicmeetings,B.B.C. anddistributionofliterature.

(2)Revivalofthe"LeagueofNationalLife"toorganiseandcarryout thecampaign.

(3)Familyallowancesandguaranteedminimumwage.Plansforrationalhousing,inwhichtheneedsoffamilyandchildrenarethefirstconsideration.

(4)Betterinstructionforchildren inthemeaningofmarriageandsexinstructionthatshouldmainlybegivenbyproperlyinstructedparents.

Intheirnegativeandsecondary campaignthechemistswant:

(1)Theprohibitionofthemanufactureofcontraceptives.

(2)Actiononthepartofthepublic-especiallywomen-thatcontraceptiveadvertisementsbestoppedin papers-especiallyinwomen'spapers, wheretheyarebecomingaplague.

MorePamphlets.

Mr.CharlesMacbeth,thesecretarytreasureroftheGuild,wantstheCatholicTruthSocietytopublishmorepamphletsonthehome,familylife, andchastity.

Anotherpointhestressedisthat childrenshouldbetaughtbytheir parentsthedevelopmentofthebody.

"Thisdutyisoftenleftbytheparentstotheteachers,whointurnleave ittothepriests,wholeaveitforthe confessjonalorformissiontime.I knowthatCatholicsdon'tknowtheir dutyinthisrespectthroughtheconversationsIhavewiththematmy chemist'sshop.Idonotcriticisethe clergy,butIdocriticisetheparents forshirkinganunpleasantduty"

Mr.Macbethsaysacampaignshould bestartedtoprohibitthemanufacture ofcontraceptivescompletely.

SubiacoYoung Men'sClub

LastMondayweekwewerepleased towelcomeournewChaplain,Father Depiazzi,totheClub.Althoughthis washisfirstmeeting,FatherDepiazzi showedhimselfvastlyinterested,and promisedtoattendeveryMonday evening.

Atlastthedateofourfirstdance hasbeenarranged.Thiswilltake placeonMay1. Sodon'tforgetthe date,folks.Wewillguaranteeyoua grandevening.

NextSundayadayatCastledarehas beenarranged.Thiswillconsistof acricketmatchandlateronteaand gameswillbeparticipatedin.Soroll along,boys.Wewillmeetatthe schoolat12.45p.m.Transporthas beenarranged.

Ithasbeendecidedtodividethe S.C.Y.M.intotwosections-Seniorand Junior.TheJuniorwillbeforboys betweentheageof11and14years,who willmeeteverySundayafternoon.The SeniorwillmeetontheMondaynight asusual.

Fournewmembers,inK.Byrth,P. Good,P.Merrit,andP.Mullen,were welcomedintotheclub.Itisvery pleasingtoseethesenewmembers stilljoining,andspeakswellforthe club.

Well,thefameoftheS.C.Y.M.isstill spreadingaroundtheparish.Several oftheeldermenoftheparishattended themeetingtoseehowtheclubwas progressing.Themenwerefavourablyimpressedwiththeclub,sokeep ourgoodreputationgoing,boys.

NextMondaynighttwoshortlectureswillbegivenbyJ.HayesandK. Norrish.Johntellsmethathehas aspecialtreatfortheboys.Sodon't forgettorollalongandshowhimthat wearelookingforwardtohistalk.

CATHOLIC WOMEN'SLEAGUE

Meetings.

ThemonthlymeetingoftheExecu tivewillheheldonMonday,May3,at 2.30p.m.,intheLeagueRooms.

Aconferenceofallmembersofthe Leaguewillcommenceat10a.m.on Tuesday,May4,intheLeagueRooms. Itistobehopedthatallmemberswill endeavourtobepresent.Delegates fromcountrybrancheswillbemade especiallywelcome.

GeneralCommunion.

Sunday,May9,isthedayappointed fortheAnnualGeneralCommunion. Onaccountoftransportdifficulties,it hasbeendecidedthatmembersofthe differentbrancheswillreceiveCommunioninabodyintheirrespectiveparishchurches.

Raffle.

Allbuttsandmoneyandunsold ticketsfortheraffleinaidofthePrisonersofWarFundmustbereturned immediately.

HIGHGATEHILLBRANCH.

Theannualmeetingwasheldon Thursdayafternoon,April8,andthe followingoffice-bearerswereelectedfor theforthcomingyear:President,Mrs. O'Sullivan:vice-president,Mrs.Morris; secretary,MissMaryO'Connor;treasurer,Mrs.Moyle;auditors,MissNell WallandMissKitBaldwin.

Thebalancesheetandannualreport showedasuccessfulyearofwork,and thecommitteewishestothankthe priestsoftheparish,themembers,and theirfriendsfortheirco-operationand assistance.

Welfareworkwaspromptlyattended to,althoughthecallswerenotasnumerousasinpreviousyears.

Allappealsfromtheexecutivecouncilforcharitableinstitutionsandpatrioticcauses,especiallytheappealfor thePrisonersofWarFund,metwith areadyresponsefromthisbranchat alltimes.

TheSeminaryBursewasalsowell contributedtobyourmembers.

Twosuccessfulentertainmentswere heldduringtheyearintheParishHall.

H.A.C.B.S.

St.Malachi'sBranch,Highgate.

Atthelastmeetingofthebranchwe hadthepleasureofadmittingtomembershipandwelcomingtheMissesJ. Jacques,PhyllisFriedlander,Agnes GrayandPatriciaChaunceySister Kath.Maher,amostenthusiasticmemberofthebranch,isnowresidingat VictoriaPark,andhastransferredto St.Joachim'sBranch.Wearevery sorrytoloseher,butourlosswillbe St.Joachim'sgain.

89

10

TheDemandfor GirlsTrained forBusinessHas NeverBeenSo

AtthemeetingonWednesdaynext themembersofSt.Mary'sBranchwill betheguestsofSt.Malachi'sata socialevening.Everymemberofthis branchisaskedtoattendandthus helptomakethefunctionasuccess.

CENTRALCATHOLICLIBRARY

36PIERSTREET,PERTH.

SUBSCRIPTIONRATES.

Metropolitan.

12Months:Onebook,10s;twobooks, 12s6d;threebooks,fl;fourbooks,El 7s.6d.

Country.

12Months:Threebooks,lbs.;four books,125s.;fivebooks,1210s. Wepayfreightonbookstothesub. scriber.

MAGAZINESHOP.

506HAYSTREET. FewdoorsfromIrwinStreet).

LENDINGLIBRARY,LOTTERY AGENCY,ANDBOOKSOFEVERY DESCRIPTION.

PRICESREASONABLE.

StationsoftheCross.

OnSundaymorninglast,theattentionofthecongregationwasdrawnto theverygreatindulgencestobeobtain. edbymakingtheStationsoftheCross inprivateaswellaspublicly.These canbeobtainedthroughouttheyear, andareappliabletotheholysouls also.Inthesedaysoflittlefastand abstinence,itisaparticularlygood formofpenance.

HolyNameSociety. TheusualmonthlyCommunionwas wellattended,andaftertheevening devotionsthemonthlymeetingofthe SocietywasheldinSt.Mary'sHall.A motionwascarriedtotheeffectthat copiesoftheHolyNameMonthlyor "Record"beforwardedbythebranch tothe75percent.oftheadultmemberswhoareservingwiththeForces.

.1welcomewasextendedtoBro. White(oftheRailwayDept.),now stationedatMerredin,butrecentlyof Geralclton.Inresponse.hegavean interestingaccountoftheactivitiesof theSocietyatGeraldton.

ChildrenofMary. MembersoftheSodalityareremindedtobepresentinregaliaatMassand Communionat7am..andatthemeetingintheeveningafterdevotions.

HAMM.

ThefortnightlymeetingheldonMonday,April12,waswellattended.Attentionwasagaindrawntothenecessityofnotifyingthesecretaryatonce incaseofillnessandfillinginand signingprescribedformscorrectly. Bro.Hannanwaswelcomedhomeafter hisvisittoPerth.Thenextmeeting willbeheldonEasterMondayevening. HolyWeekCeremonies.

Solemnblessinganddistributionof palmswilltakeplace'before7o'clock MassonPalmSunday.Masseswill becelebratedasusualat7a.m.,8.30 a.m.,and10a.m.,atStMary's,at8 a.matButler-street.and9am.at C.B.C.Eveningdevotions,including StationsoftheCross,commenceat7.30 p.m.atSt.Mary's.

HolyMasswillbecelebrateddaily at7am.,andRosarysaidnightlyat 7.30p.m.

OnSpyWednesday,Stationsofthe Crosswillbeheldat7.30p.m.Confessionswillheheardfrom4to6p.m., andintheeveningafterdevotions.

HolyThursdayceremonieswillcommencewithMissaCantataat7o'clock, andattheconclusiontheBlessedSacramentwillbecarriedtotheAltarof Repose,whereItwillremainforthe adorationofthefaithfuluntilGood Fridaymorning.Parishionersareexhortedtomacefrequentvisitsduring theday.Confessionswillbeheard from5to6p.mandafterdevotions. Themenoftheparishwillkeepvigil beforetheBlessedSacramentfrom9 o'clockonThursdaynightuntil7 o'clockonFridaymorning.

OnGoodFridayMassofthePresanctifiedandAdorationoftheCross willbeheldat9o'clock.Stationsof theCrossat3o'clockintheafternoon, andagainat7.30intheevening,followedbyasermon.

TheceremoniesoflightingthePaschalFire,blessingtheBaptismalFont, andPaschalCandlewillbeginat6.30 a.m.onHolySaturday.

OnEasterSundaytherewillbea GeneralCommunionofallthepeople oftheparishtocommemoratethe greatFeastoftheResurrectionofOur DivineLord.

(Continuedfootc.fnextcolumn.)

Wearegladtobeabletoannounce thatorganisationfortheraisingof fundsduringtheyeartomeetourliabilitiesisformed,andisworking smoothly.Atourannualparishmeeting,twenty-eightladieswerepresent, andapologieswerereceivedfrom seven.Fulldiscussionontheways andmeansofraisingmoneyinthese difficulttimesdrewfromalmostevery ladypresentexpressionofherideas. Completeagreementwiththestarting ofaweeklydanceinSt.Joseph'sHall settledquicklythatportionoftheprogramme,andthedancesarenowgoing well,fourladiestakingdutyatthese eventseachMondaynight.Thenext itemdiscussedwasthedoortodoor collection,andforthistheparishhas beendividedintothreesections,viz., thetownship,SouthBunbury,anda beltlyingbetween.Sevencollectors, withauxiliaries,undertooktheonerousdutyofcollectingfromdoorto door.Uptodatelistsofnameshave beensuppliedfromthePresbytery.Alreadythecollectorsareonthejob. LaterintheseasonanAmericanTea willbeheldinSt.Joseph'sHall,and laterstillonewillbeheldinSt.Mary's School,SouthBunbury.Fromtwo suchfunctionslastyearwenettedthe sumof£100.Becausemanyofour peopleareaway,itseemstoberealised thatthoseremainingareunderheavier obligationsthanusual,anditisgratifyingtoseethattheyaremeetingthe increaseddutiescheerfully.

OurVisitors.

EversinceChristmasthepopularity ofBunburyasaholidayresorthasbeen confirmed.Anotablepercentageof visitorsfoundtheirwaytotheChurch onthehill,anditseemstousthatno onebutgood,onemightsayexemplary, Catholicscometovisitus,forthey havecertainlyedifiedusbytheirassiduityinattending,notonlySunday Mass,butweek-dayMassesalso,andin thereceptionofHolyCommunion.It isrightandjust,too,thatawordof gratitudeshouldbespokenfortheir generositytotheChurch.Allthese visitorswillbemostheartilywelcome torepeattheirvisitswhenthesummerseasoncomesagain.

SundayMasses.

St.PatricksChurch:7.30and9.30 am.

Wagin

MASSTIMETABLE.

April18:LakeGrace,9a.m.; Kukerin,11a.m.

April25:Dumbleyung,9a.m.; Wagin,11a.m.

May2:Wagin,8a.m.;ArthurRiver, 10a.m.

May9:Wagin,8a.m.:Dumbleyung, 10a.m.

May16:Kukerin,9a.m.;Lake Grace,11am. May23:Dumbleyung,9a.m.; Wagin,11a.m.

May30:Wagin,8a.m.;Dumbleyung,10am.

PersonaL

ThemanyfriendsofMrs.M.Duggan, ofBrookman-street,arepleasedtosee heraboutagainafterherrecentspell inhospital.

MissAnnErceg,ofBrookman-street, isatpresentonavisittoherparents. Sheintendstojointhenursingprofessionshortly.

Catholic

*HEADQUARTERSANDCLUB-ROOMS

: BankofN.S.W.Chambers,65St.George'sTerrace (nearSherwoodCourt)-Rooms:7-10FirstFloor

CALENDARofACTIVITIES

Monday,19:CURIAMEETING,8p.m.

Thursday,22:TherewillbeNOEXPOSITIONoftheBlessedSacramenton thisday-HolyThursday.

TheGeneralMeetingofMilitantswillbeheldonnextThursdayevening,April29.at7p.m.Room9.

THEUSUALMEETINGSANDACTIVITIESOFTHECLUBROOMS WILLBECANCELLEDFROMHOLYTHURSDAYTOEASTER SUNDAY.

LegionariesareremindedthatfromEasterMondayonwardsthevarious Praesidiameetingswillbeheldatthefollowingtimes:-

MotherofGoodCounsel;Monday,6.30p.m.Room7.

ReginaPacis:Tuesday,7p.m.Room9.

HealthoftheSick:Tuesday,8p.m.Room7.

Queen

Queen

BeaufifuNewItabylons orNewNazareths?

LandandAustralianCulture

Pertinentcommentonthebearing ofthelandquestionontheproblemof AustralianculturewasmadebyMr.D. G.Jackson,notedVictorianCatholic writerandspeaker,atthefinalsessionoftheNationalCatholicRuralConventionheldrecentlyinMelbourne.

Mr.Jacksonsaidthatthefutureof theworlddependedupontheanswer giventothequestionwhethersociety wastoberegardedasaspiritualorganismoraneconomicmachine.In eithercaseplanswouldbeneeded,but theywouldbeofaverydifferentkind. Inthefirstcase,weshouldtrytocreateasocietyinwhichmaterialinstrumentswerestrictlysubordinatedto therequirementsofthefullpersonal developmentoffreemen;inthesecond, theobjectivewouldbeacarefullyregulatedandsmoothlyworkingsocial machine,withhumanlifeconformed tothedemandsoftechnology.On thewhole,thesecondviewreallyprevailedintheAustralianworld,despite lip-serviceto"spiritualvalues":sothat attemptstoresistthegrowthoflargescaleindustryandthetrendtoward humanservitudewereregardedasabsurdand"reactionary."

CanteenService

C.W.O.GROUP.

GIRLSONTEAROSTER(5p.m.--7 p.m.),APRIL28,ATPHYLLIS DEAN.

BariAtkinson,RomaAtkinson,MargaretAtkinson,PamCooke,Judy Cooke,SheilaDella,Win,Devine,Pat Donohue,FrancesDoyle,NaonieFoster,FaySmythe.

Girlsondutyarerequiredtoattend assoonaspossibleafter5p.m.,to helpwaitontables,washanddryup, etc.

April28:PhyllisDeanHall,Irwin Street.

May8:TownHall.

L.B.A.GROUP.

April26:PhyllisDeanHall.Irwin Street.

May5:TownHall.

Wm.A.YOUNG FAMILYBUTCHER.

CornerJOHN&FITZGERALD STREETS,PERTH. FORQUALITYMEATYOU'LLLOVETOEAT. PhoneB1416.

E.0.TRESISE, M.P.S..S.A.andW.A. MANUFACTURINGAND DISPENSINGCHEMIST. ForServiceandQuality.

Tel.:61Northam.

ShorthandClasses

Thisclassisgrowingbydegrees,but westillhaveroomformore.Nomatterwhatyourgrade,whetherbeginner,advanced,orspeedwriter,wecan giveyouthelessonsyouneed.Theory classesareheldonMondayandFriday, andspeed(anyspeedyoulike,orneed) onTuesdayandFriday,from5to6.30 p.m.Probably5p.mistooearlyfor you;thereareotherswhofindthe same,butdon'tletthatdeteryou. Comeassoonafter5asyoucan-you won'tregretit.Ifyou'reindoubt aboutjoiningtheclass,whynotdrop inatlunchtimeandtalkitoverwith oneoftheleaders?We'llbegladto tellyouallwecan,andthatapplies toeveryotheractivityoftheMovementalso.

Homecrafts

Thisactivity,likemostothers,has beenmovedtoanothernight,andin futurewillmeetonMondaynightat8 p.m.,inRoom7.Wehavedecidedto holdaJumbleSaleonJune5,which meansthatweshallhavetoworkvery hardtobereadyintime,andweneed morehelpersandmorematerials.We areconcentratingonchildren'stoys andothersoftgoodsforthepresent, butanyotherwork,suchaspapier macheorpottery,willbewelcomed.So gothroughyourpatch-box,bringout allthosebigandlittlepieces,allthose bitsofwoolfromyouroldjumpers,or eventheravelledremainsofthejumpersthemselves,thatoldfelthatthat evenpovertyandpatriotismcan'tinduceyoutowear,andbringthem, withneedlesandpins,scissorsand papers,oranythingelsethatisuseful,totheHomecraftsGroupmeeting onMondaynight.

ARTHURE.DAVIES&CO. funeralDirectorsanbEmbalmers

IERTH: Cr.Beaufortand BulwrStreets. B9400.

CLAREMONT: Opposite RailwayStation. 72177.

PARTNERS:WALLACEAH.

FREMANTLE: 85Market Street. L2225.

Thefutureoftheland,inparticular,wasdiscussedinpurely"economic" terms,withreferencetoworldmarkets, homefoodsupply,andsoforth;itwas assumedthat"primaryindustries" oughttoberegardedlikeotherindustries,and"progressive"mechanised methodsintroduced,sothat"powerfarming"wouldproducethesupplies neededinthecitiesandoverseas.The speakerreferredbrieflytotheevilsresultingfromfarmingconductedinthis spirit-the"rapingofvirginsoil" whichhadledtoexhaustionanderosion.Morefundamental,however,was theevilofdestructionofanoble,humanwayoflifewithoutwhosesurvivalcivilisationitselfmightperish.

Certainmodernwritersandstatesmenwouldhaveusbelievethatthe "goodlife"wastobefoundin"beautifulBabvlons"ratherthaninNazareth, andsneeredattheadvocatesofagrarianismas"medievalromantics."They wereneithermedievalistnorromantic, however;theirideashadbeenshown asworkableinanumberofmodern progressivecommunities(heinstanced thoseofnorthernEurope)anddidnot involvetherejectionofrationalmechanisation.Theystoodforabelief thathadbeenheldbywisemenand ablestatesmenthroughouthistorythatgreatcities,andasocietyoffew ownersandmanagers,andmanydispossessedweresignsofdecadenceand death.Againstthemwere"Utopian" modernswhodreamedofmechanised supermen,politicianswhomerelydrifted,andrichmenwhosemotiveswere thoseofself-interestandwhoencouragedbeliefthattheirwaywasanin evitableprocessofnature.Men,however,wereonly"economicallydetermined"whensocietyceasedtobeactivatedbymoralaims.

Agrarianlife,hesaid,wascommendedasgoodbecauseitwashuman,natural,andcreative,notbecauseitwas comfortable-heemphasised,especially, itsclosecontactwithnature'scycle, theloseassociationsoffamilyand neighbourhoodwhichitinvolved,and itsadvantagesfromthepointofview ofnutrition.Citylifeshoweditself asunnatural,becauseitwassterile. andmustdrawuponthevitalityofthe landtosurvive.Itdisintegratedthe family,andinducedartificialbirthpreventionandmoralindiscipline,symptomsofa"TaediumVitae"characteristicofthisphaseofciviliseddevelopment.Thedoomwhichhadfallen onNinevehandotherancientcities mightfallto-morrowonMelbourne andSydney

Thespeakerwentontospeakofthe problemofAustralianculturewithrelationtotheland.Wesuffered,he said,fromhavingourthought"overlaid"bythatoftheolderworld,and havingasenilesocialorderimposedon ouryoungnation.Oneoftheliesof thepromotersofindustrial"leisure state"culturewasthatmass-productioncouldbeusedto"promote"appreciationofgreatartandcreative effort.Thiscouldnotbeso,because its"museumart"wasdivorcedfrom life,whileitssegmentationofworkand leisurewasdestructivetothesensitiv, balanceofthehumanspirit,sothat themassproductionofbadandsensationalstuffwouldalwaysbemoreprofitable.Finally;educationin"humanities"tendedtoyieldtothedemandsofasepcialisationwhichproducedabnormaltypes.Theescape fromthisimpasselayinarestoration ofthevaluesandsanitiesofagrarian life,bringingmanagainincontact withtheexternalveritiesofnature,and givinghimworkandleisureofahuman kind.Cultureandtheartsflowered outofasane,humanwayoflife,"asa songspringstothelipsofahappy child":andnationalfeelingbecame pureandnobleastheloveofmen fortheirmothers.

Mr.Jacksonconcludedbysaying thattochangetheoutlookofapeople -thetaskbeforethem-involvedgreat spiritualzealaswellasrationalpracticality.TheymustliveasChristian countrymen,rejectingtheeasyliving andfalsevaluesofthecity,accepting thehardshipandlabourneededto buildafreeChristiansociety,andlovingChristintheirfellow-farmers.If theydemandedsomethinglikeasocial miracle,theywereonlyaskingwhat theHolyFatherhimselfwasseeking throughthepowerofGodmanifested inCatholicAction.Theybelieved thatthepatternofsocietywasapattern,notadoom,andthatitcouldbe changed,ifmenhadmoralenergy,into themorehumanpatternneeded,so thatAustraliamightlive.

itCostsNoMoretohaveyour PrescriptionsAccurately Dispensed.

ROBERTW.DALBY,M.P.S. Of130OxfordStreet,Leederville, carriesafullsupplyofallAccredited BrandsofToilets,PatentMedicines FullPhotographicService,Etc.'Phone 10224andreceiveREALService.

EightyPerCent.ofthePopulation

AreAfflictedwithSomeFormof SpinalDefect,thatisthecauseofso muchNervousness,Indigestion,Headache,Rheumatism,MentalWeakness, andothergraveanddangerousDiseases.

tionsofanyofthefollowingparts maybecausedbyNERVESImpinged atthespinebyatithluntedvertebra

BRAIN EYES CARS LJ

(10sATChiropractic CART (SPINAL)

Adjustments

SrC)

A(4'C'17;:S Will SPLEEN Removethe KIDNEYS SMALLsowerCauseof LARGEBOWEL GENIALORGANS 'MONSANOLEGS

CONSULTTHEQUALIFIED

S E A S E

atMcLAREN'S CHAMBERS,144WILLIAMSt., PERTH. 'PHONEB2582. "TheChiropractorneverresortsto DrugsorSurgery;hemerelytriesto

NOCHARGEFORCONSULTATION

a 4

opqeneratInterest

*SilverJubilee ofSisterMow Benebitt,O.P.

TheSilverJubileeofSisterMary Benedict,0.P.,wascelebratedatSt. Dominic'sPriory,Dongarra,onThursday,April1.

VeryRev.FatherGallagher,Adm., officiatedatHighMass,withCaptain ChaplainMeyers,C.SS.R.,deacon,CaptainChaplainCosgrieff,M.S.H.,subdeacon,andRev.FatherJ.Cullen (Dongarra)masterofceremonies.Rev. FatherM.Lynch,ofThreeSprings, andCaptainChaplainLyons,M.S.H., werealsopresentinthesanctuary.

ThechoiroftheDominicanLadies' CollegesangS.Moreno's"MissaDecima,"andattheOffertory"Veni Sponsa"wasfeelinglyrendered.

Rev.FatherGallagher,intheunavoidableabsenceofHisLordship, BishopGummer,ofGeraldton,congratulatedSisterMaryBenedictonthe attainmentofherSilverJubilee.He thankedheronbehalfoftheBishops andthepriestsforherworkinthe PrioryandintheMissionHousesof theDiocese,andwhiledoingso,said hewishedalsotothankthewhole Communityfortheirloyalco-operation throughouttheyearstheyhadbeenin theDiocese.

Itwashardlynecessarytoremind hishearersthat"Veritas"wasthe mottooftheDominicanOrder.It wasbypreachingandteachingTruth thatSt.Dominicfoughtagainstthe heresiesofhisday,andthroughoutthe centuriessincehistimetheworkhad continued.

Therewasneedfortheteachingof truthintheworldto-day.Asa teachingOrderitwasessentialtoimpressuponthechildrenthenecessity fortruth,whichshouldhaveagreater influenceonthelivesofourpeople. Weshouldrealisethiswhenwelook attheconditionoftheworldto-day. Inconclusion,FatherGallagherwishedthejubilarianGod'schoicestblessings,andhopedtheywouldallmeet tocelebrateherGoldenJubilee.

Thealtarwastastefullydecorated fortheoccasionwithchoiceflowers fromtheCollegegardens.

AftertheMass,theclergywereentertainedbyMotherPrioressGeneral andSistersatadaintydejeuner.

TheJubilarianwastherecipientof manygifts,wiresandlettersfromwellwishersinvariouspartsofAustralia.

AirHeroAsked

forMasses,Notfor Presentsao

LosAngeles.

"Wecanskipthepresentsfromnow on.JosthavesomeMassessaidfor Nomessagewasevermorewelcome tothemotherofaherosonthanthis receivedinaletterfromCaptain RobertB.Sullivan,threetimesdecoratedforhisexploitsinthePacific, byMrs.MargaretSullivan,ofLosAngeles.

Itcameasaresultofthereceiptof Christmasgiftsforhersonandother membersoftheflyingcommandwith whichheisfightinginthePacific,and whichhasseenactiononwidelyscatteredfieldssincePearlHarbour.

Itmeant,shesaid,thathersonand hiscomrades,almostallofwhomhe reportstobeCatholics,werethinking ,fthingseternalmuchmorethanof -reaturecomforts.

CaptainSullivan,whowasreported innewspaperdespatchestobethehero ofaremarkableairencounterlastOctober,whenhisFlyingFortressencountered50Japaneseplanesand knockeddownfouroftheenemyto comeoutunscathed,hasbeensucces-

Mackin-'O'MearaWedding

OnMarch3,atSt.MarysChurch, Guildford,byRev.Dr.Kearnan,NuptialMasscrownedthemarriageofJohn PatrickMackin,ofTammin,andKathleenAnneO'Meara,ofTrayning. FatherBenedict,O.S.B.,celebratedthe Massonthehappyoccasion,forthe O'Mearafamilyhavealwaysbeena greathelpintheaffairsoftheChurch atTrayning.

Attiredinwhitebroderieanglaise, Kath.wasescortedtothealtarbyher father,hertraingracefullycarriedby hernieceandnephew,CarmelO'Meara andGeraldMcCormack.Theduties ofbestmanweresafeinthehandsof FrankO'Meara,andMissEileenMackin,inafrockofbluespottednet, madeacharmingbridesmaid.

TheearlinessoftheMassdidnotpreventquiteanumberofrelativesand friendsfromthecountryfromattending,andMrs.Gordonablyhelpedat theorgan.

Atmiddaytheweddingbreakfast wasservedintheroomsofMrs.O'Connell,inHay-street,Perth,andbetween 50and60friendsfromfarandnear joinedthebridalcoupleintherepast.

Towardstheconclusionofthemeal thegoodwishesofallpresentwere addedtothosesentbytelegramfor thehappyfutureoftheyoungcopple inthespeechesmadebythedifferent friends,andhightributeswerepaidto

sivelyawardedtheDistinguishedFlyingCross,theOakLeafClusterand theFlyingMedal.

Attributingthefearlessnessofhis companionstotheirferventreligious zeal.CaptainSullivanwritesofthedevotionwhichhisconfrereshavetoOur BlessedMother.Wheneverpossible theyreceivedHolyCommuniondaily, hesays.

theparentsandmembersofbothfamilies.FatherKearnanactedaschairmanfortheoccasion,whileFathers O'HalloranandCameronwerealso amongthenumberoftheguests.

...15,000JAPS

Weshould,ofcourse,prayforthem always:thedead,Imean.Butthe thoughtoffifteenthousandofthem,all withinafewhours,fifteenthousand yellowbodies,inthewater,someof themblowntopieces,bringsithome. Allthosebodies.ofcourse,meanso manysouls-fifteenthousandmenfacingGod.Theyareourenemies,yes; butoncetheywereonthewater,that didn'tmattermuch;someofourenemiesmaybeverygoodfriendsofGod. Iprayeachdayforallthesoldiers whohavedied,andfirstofallforour ownboys.But,somehoworother,the fifteenthousanddeadmeninthewater sticksinmymind.IthinkIwillmentionthemespecially.

Itiseasytogetdisgustedwiththe uselessnessofitall.Thatdrowned Japanesedivisionmusthavehadsome oftheirbestmen.Or,takeourown ArmytrappedinMalaya.Allthese years-soitseems-oftheirmagnificentmanhoodspentintheprison camp,wastedmanhoodbreaking stones,makingroadsonwhichmoresoldierswilltraveltodie.Andsomany rottenwithfever.YetIsupposeajob hastobedone,andwemightaswell, infactwemust,gothroughwithit.

WhatdoesGodthinkofitall?There ishopehere.Hewentthroughitall. NolifeseemedmorewastedthanHis. HisbestfriendswalkedoutonHim, andleftHimonHisown.AndHe musthaveknownallalong,thatis,for alleternity,thatthehumanbodywas goingtosinkprettylow.AndHe couldhavesavedtheworldinother waysbesidesbecomingman.But thatwashowHechose-amanjust liketherestofus.Wearenotmuch tothinkof,wemen,whenyousee 15,000bodiesinthewater,orbigger numbersinthesnow,readytorot,and otherspushingthroughthefilthy swampsofthenorth.ButChristwas notmuchtothinkof,either,whenthey hadfloggedHim,beltedthethornsinto Hishead,spatinHisface,andleftHim todie,hangingnailedalivetoacross. Hissuffering,however, thing:andsowillours.Itmakesus likeChrist,whateverelseitbringswith it;andbeinglikeChrististheonly thingthatmatters.

PatroniseOurAdvertisers.

KNITTINGWOOL andACCESSORIES

We'rereadywithallyourequireinknitMgWoolsandAccessories.Veryextensive stocksofallhestknownWools.including Lincoln's,Paton's,andExcelsior plusall accessories.Seethemthisweekat

AlockmP insrimase

Inanageerminedwithcatch-words,whichactasasortof opiatetotheuniversalrestlessness,onehasbeenintonedsooften andsoferventlythatithasbecomesomethinginthenatureofa universalhymn.Itistheideaofprogress.Butradically,that ideainvolvednothingmorethana"goingforward"withtheirrestiblesweepoftime.Thecompanionnotionthatthisadvance wasnecessarilyameliorativeandindeedinevitablyso,wassimply apieceofpseudoscientificquackery.MenofthecalibreofMr.

H.G.WellscouldgliblydescribetheChurchasconservativeorreactionary,simplybecausewhentherewasaquestionofadvancing, theChurchwantedtoknowwhatwasthegoal.Thatprogress isfutileandchimericalwhichisattemptedwithoutaprofound andintelligentretrogressionintothepast.ThatiswhytheCatholicChurch.xvhoseprogressisguaranteedtotheendoftime, insistsuponreturningannuallytotheplaceandtimewhereall began.andwhenceallhumanactivityreceivesits eternalsignificance.EachyeartheChurchreturnsinpilgrimage toCalvary,where,strangelyenough,inthedeathofGod.all thingsweremadenewandallmenhornagain.

*

Amongthehostofbewilderingparadoxescontainedinthe ChristianFaith,noneisstrangeryetmorecertainthanthatby whichtheChurchrestoreshervitalityandregainsheryouthin thedeathofChrist.Andthisisso,notbecauseCalvaryisactually theculminationofthelifeofChrist,butrathertheRusurrection morning.Theattentivestudentoftheliturgymustbestruckbythe "impatience"oftheChurchinthe"anticipated"DivineOfficeof HolyWeek.Butjustatthispointoftime,ifitbetruethatthe worldishome-sickforBethlehemandforNazareth,itisathousand timesmoretruethattheworldneedsapilgrimagetoCalvary. Therootofallmodernheresyissentimentality,ahorridsoftening ofthespirit,withoutstrengthandwithoutgentlenessalso.Our modernsocialreformersarefullofsuggestionswhichviolat,2 Christianprinciplesandwhichmakeformerecomfortandspiritual flabbiness.Andtypicalofthisweaknessistheemotionalruthlessnesswithwhichitshallbeachieved.Thesamesymptomsof hystericalrageandabandonareevidentinaneuroticwoman.

ThemodernworldonpilgrimagetoCalvarycouldlearnthat painisnotevilandthatitneednotbefutile.Iftheworldwere sincereinitsattachmenttounconventionalityitwouldseefrom CalvarythattheChristianreligionisanythingbutflatanddull. Aboveallelseitisarevolution,acompleteturningupsidedown ofeverythingthatispracticalandacceptedbythecommon-sense peopleoftheworld.Andinthisutterreversalofvalues,themost extraordinarythingsfindaplace.Pain,loss,loneliness,failure anddesolationofspirit-thesehaveanessentialandindispensable placeintheChristianschemeofthings.Theyarenotinthemselvesends,asthestoicsandthefakirsmakethem.Buttheyare powerfulanddecisivemeans.TheyillustratethattheChristian lifeisreallythe"full"lifeinwhichaccountismadeofeverything, andtherationallifeinwhich"ought"isthekeywordofprinciple insteadof"feel."Aboveall,themodernworldcouldregenerate onCalvarytheconceptionofthemeaningoflove.whichithasso debased.Itcouldlearnthatloveisnotentirelyormostimportantlysensuous.Thatitmeansdeedsandharddeedsforthepersonloved.AndGodsolovedtheworldthatHegaveupforus HisonlybegottenSon,whointurnwasobedienteventothe deathoftheCross.

"PlannedParenthood"

AmericaGrowing AlarmeIo

CoinsNewSlogantoPopularise LargeFamilies

"ParkAvenueisNotReproducingItself"

Inthepastlargefamilieswereregardedasshocking.To-dayallthat ischanged.Largefamilies,among themiddleandupperclasses,areagain highlyrespectable.

Whatwasonceknownasbirthcontrolisnowpopularlyreferredtoas plannedparenthood.To-daybirth controlisbeingstronglychallenger?by thosewhohavebecomeseriously alarmedbythetremendousslackeningofourrateofgrowth.Ourintellectualleaders,whowerethefirst toapproveofandendorsebirthcontrol,arenowbeginningtochangetheir mindsonthesubjectandarebecomingincreasinglyhostiletothepractice.Eventuallytheirhostilitywill communicateitselfthemasses,andas manynewspapereditorialsandarticles willbewrittendenouncingthemovementaswerewritteninthepastin praiseofit.

Theharmfuleffectsofthedownwardpopulationtrendpresentadiscouragingview.Overthepastyear aloneinAmericaonehundredand fiftyteachersweredropped.Notonlywilltherebefewerteachingpositions inthefuture,butlessneedforfood clothingandhousing.Aconstantlydwindlinghomemarketforour stantlygrowingproductionfacilities willcallforsomeexceedinglydifficult economicadjustments.

Theattitudeofalarmandmisgiving isbynomeansexclusivelyCatholic.It issharedto-daybymanysociologistandbywell-informedpeopleinall walksoflifewhohavethebestinterestsofthecountryatheart.Even birthcontrolgroupshavebecomesensitivetotherisingchorusofcriticism anddisapproval.Theircurrentsolicitationoffundsisnowbasedonanew typeofpropagandaappeal.Birth controllersaresineine-newtune. Theycallitplannedparenthood.

Aftertwenty-fiveyearsofconstant anduntiringeffort,thebirthcontrol peoplearesomewhataghastatoneof theindirectresultsoftheircampaign. ParkAvenueisnotreproducingitself. NeitherisMainStreet.Thewivesof professors,doctors,lawyers,industrialistsandmerchantsarehavingfamilies ofonlyoneortwochildren.Manyofthemarerefusingtohaveanychildrenatall.Atthesametime,the leastfortunatethirdofourpopulation, theunderprivileged,areproducingtwothirdsofthecitizensofto-morrow.At thisrate,sinceoureducatedpopulationisnotmaintainingitself,future Americawillprobablyberecruited fromourretardedareas-fromour shantytowns,ourslums,andourpooresttenantfarms.

Inordertomeetthissituation,if possible,itisnowsuggestedthatan effortbemadetobringaboutamore evendistributionofchildrenamong economicclasses.Theuppereconomicclasses-thosewithaboveaverage intelligence,education,ulturalandeconomicadvantages-willbeencouraged tohavemorechildren,whilethelower economicclasses-thosedecidedlybelowparinintelligence,ineducation, andinculturalfacilities-willbeurged tohavefewerchildren.

Advocatesofplannedfamiliesrealisethattheymustinculcatearealdesireformorechildrenamongthese groups.Collegestudentsarenow beingencouraged,toagreaterdegree thaneverbeforeinourhistory,topatterntheirlivesonsocialaswellasindividualgoals.Theyarebeingtold, withrisinginsistence,thatnohealthy youngparentswithmoderateintelligenceshouldfeelaclearconscience

withlessthanthreechildren-theminimumnumberrequiredtomaintain theirgroup.One-childandtwo-child families,intheupper.incomebra,: kets,areseverelycondemned.

Fortwenty-fiveyearsandmorethe Americanpeoplehavebeentaughtthe doctrineoffamilylimitation.Itis nottobeexpectedthat,inthetwinklingofaneye,millionsofAmerican citizensaregoingtoaccept,andput intopractice,theoppositedoctrineof familyincrease.Havingbeenrepeatedlytoldthatlargefamilieswere neitherpropernorrespectable,they arenotgoingtoveeraroundatonce totheconclusionthatlargefamilies arenowaninescapablesocialresponsibility.Oncethepopulationhasbeguntodiminish,thecurvedownward cannotbecheckedbycutelittlepropagndapamphlets.Thereisnoquick andsurecureforselfishnessandsoft living.

Fromalong-rangepointofview,itis absolutelyessentialthatweengagein atotalreconstructionofsocietyaccordingtoChristianprinciples-areconstructionthatislongoverdueand thatcannotbepostponedindefinitely. Thiswillinvolvethere-establishment ofChristianprinciplesandidealsin everydepartmentoflife,butprincipallyinthehome.

MusicinHoly Week

TheCathedralBoys'Choirwillsing foralltheceremonies.OnHolyThursdaytheKyriewillbebyPerosi,the GloriabyPerosi,theremainderofthe MassbyRefice.TheTantumErgoby Palestrina.

GoodFriday:TheReproaches, "PopuleMeus"fordoublechoir,byPalestrina,andthemotet,"Tristisest" byVictoria.

EasterSunday:The"EcceSacerdos Magnus"willbetoanewsettingbyDr. C.EdgarFord,whichwillbesungfor thefirsttime.TheMasswillbeby Perosi,andthe"ReginaCoeli"by Lotti.

OnEasterSundaynighttheBoys' ChoirwillsingmusicbyPalestrina, Praglia,andDr.Ford.

LECTURESONMUSIC.

NextWednesdaythelectureinthe CatholicCentralLibrary,byFatherA. Lynch,willcommenceat8.30p.m., andwillbeon"ReligiousMusic."

HEKEPTGOING.

Thewinnerofa£250prizeinaCharitiesConsultationrecentlysaidthathe hadbeentakingticketsfor10years. Bypersistenceheshowedagoodprofit.TheNo.151aCharitiesConsultationisopen.Firstprizeisf1,000.

Sunday.

QUARANT'ORE

APRIL

3rd.KellerberrinandCunderdin:One DayofExposition.

TherewillbeneitherMASSnor 4' EXPOSITIONoftheBlessedSacramentonThursdaynext(HolyThursday)intheC.G.M.Chapel,St.George's Terrace.

(Lettersshouldbeasbriefaspossibleand,evenwnereanomde-plume isemployed,mustbearthewriter's nameandaddress,asatokenofbonafides.Nonoticewillbetakenof anonymouscorrespondence.)

SHEEPSKINSFORRUSSIA.

Sir,-Whatpuzzlesmeiswhythe CommonwealthGovernmentdoesn't takethematterintoitsownhandsof sendingsheepskinsandmedicalaidto Russia,insteadofrecognisingandconsultingwithsuchself-appointedbodies whichcallthemselves"Sheepskinand MedicalAidforRussiaCommittees."A gestureofsuchnationalanddiplomatic importanceshouldcomefromAustraliaasanation,insteadoffromthe promptingsofaverylimitedsection renownedfortheirone-waycomplexSovietRussia.

EnglandandAmericaaresending thousandsoftonsofsuppliestoRussia atgravepersonalandnavalrisks.It ishardtoimaginesuchcolossalundertakingsbeingpromotedunderthepartialauspicesofabove-mentionedbodies inthosegreatcountries.Iwassurprisedtoreadinthedailypresswhere ourPrimeMinisterwroteapersonal lettertothelocalsecretaryofthe "RussianMedicalAidCommittee,"re suppliesofsheepskinstoRussia.The secretaryrequestedthatwholeshiploadsbesenttoRussiaasafreegiftwell! IalsoreadwherethePresidentoftheMetropolitanCouncilof theAustralianLabourPartywithdrew fromameetingconvenedforthepurposeofraisingfundstosendsheepskinstoRussia.whenhediscovered thattheRussianMedicalAidCommitteewasassociatedwiththeappeal.To thecourageousMr.NashIsay BRAVO.

"DOINGWITHOUT."

Sin-Ifthiswarcontinuesmuch longer,andthereseemsnotmuchhope ofearlycessation,thedisciplineof "doingwithout"willhavetobe preachedinyourmuch-readpaper. Verysoonthegrowingscarcityoffood mustbegrappledwith.Meanwhile.we canbestadjustourdemandstothe changingcharacteroffoodsupplies andwillhavetocastourmindsback totheearlypioneeringdaysandthink ofthefrugallivingofthemenand womenwhomadethiscountry.Such thoughtsmaywellbekindledinevery household.Onedoesnotwanttobe pessimistic.butfactsarestubborn things.-Yours,etc., OLDTIMER.

MONEYLENDINGAND MONEY.

Sin-In"TheRecord,"datedApril 1,youstatethat"moneywasformerlyemployedmerelyasatokentofacilitatetheexchangeofgoods."Nowadays,apparentlyitisinstrumentof GovernmentandPower.Inolden timeswhenamanlentanything,he didlendsomethingofvalue,andstood achanceoflosingathingthatwas hardtoreplace.Helentgold,silver. copper,acamel,horse,coworass.If asafarmerheborrowedabagofwheat, bounteousnatureenabledhimtopay backahundredfold.Hewouldreturntothelendertwobagsofwheat. Inmoderntimes,abankerslipshis penintheink,writesupfiguresina ledger,handsusoveracheque-book andchargesanythingupto10percent. interest.This,ofcourse,isnotusury! Afarmerwhoborrowsmustpayhis interestinmoney.Althoughhemay beagrowerofwheat,heisnotpermittedto"grow"themoneytobuythat wheat.Thosewhoatputtingusback onthelandshouldbearthisfactin mind.Fromthecradletothebathchairwedependonmoney,andthose whocontrolitcontrolallouractivities.-Yours,etc., INKSPOTS.

BOBTINDALL!!

Continued 1rumlastissue.)

Sin-Willyou,Mr.Gilbert,showme whyyouthinkthesocialisationoflard rentsisanti-social? Iclaimtohave quiteasmuchsincerityofcitizenship asyoucanmuster,andconsiderthere canbenothinganti-socialaboutsocialisinglandrents,becauseeconomists admit,evenlandlordsthemselvesadmit,thatlandrentvaluesarecreated by.thepeople-notthetitledeedholders.Thedenserthepopulationthe greaterthesitevalue.Letaplague wipeouthalfthepopulationanddown comestheeconomiclandrentvalue.

Foraneducatedman,youmake somesurprisingstatements.Forinstance,"WetheChurch)arewaiting forasocialreformerwhowillstudy PapalEncyclicalsandbuildanewsociety."Further,yousay,"It'snot theChurch'sbusinesstodotheorganising."That'slikeaseniortrad'ss manwaitingforanapprenticetodo thejob.

IfthePopeisinfallible,heought surelytohavethebrainstodotheorganisingandnotwaitforsomeone elselessdivineandmoreclumsy(like Franco),towadethroughbloodand forcethewillofthePope,thesubstituteforJesus,whocondemnedmoneychangersandusurers.

Unfortunately,individualCatholics havenotthebrainstotaketheinitiative.TheirCatholiceducationalsystemisnobetterthanself-righteous Protestantschoolingwherechildrenare taughtFrancisDrakewasahero,when itisobvioushewasasgreatapirate asSpaniardsontheMaine.Infact theaverageCatholicadultcannomore discussPapalpoliciesthantheaverageProtestantcandiscourseonBankingandMorality.

Itwasnotintendedthatcommon workersshallbetoocultured-you can'texploithimifheis.Alsoyou say:"ThemainconcernoftheChurch (God,Ipresume)isnoteconomicreform."Howcanyouseparatemoral issuesfromfundamentaleconomicsand moneytransactions?-Yours,etc., BOBTINDALL.

(TobeContinued.)

(SeeMr.Gilbert'sreplyin"Without Apology,"onPage4.)

LET'SDOSOMETHING.

Sir,-"Paul"lastweekseemstohaxe hitseveralnailsonthehead.Firstof all,onemustagreewithhimthatoverguidanceandover-governmenttendto rendermencomparativelyhelpless.On theotherhand,guidanceandgovernmentarenecessary.Whattoooften seemstobelacking,inAustraliansas awholeandCatholicsinparticular,is asenseofpersonalresponsibility.for thestateofaffairsinwhichweliveand inwhichourchildrenaregoingto havetolive.TheChurchhasgivenus guidanceinthematterofsolvingthe Socialquestion,butweallseemto hewaitingforsomebodyELSEto startimplementingtheseprinciples.Or elsewehangon,whimperingandwaitingforthe"Government"todosomething.Whydon'twegetintoitourselves:gettogether,organise,DO something.-Yours,etc., PETER.

Maylands,13/4/'43.

(IrecommendyoucontacttheCatholicSocialGuild,'phoneB2546,with committeeroomsatNationalMutual Buildings,81St.George'sTerrace, Rooms26--28,secondfloor.-Ed VICTORYSUITS.

"THECATHOLICANSWER."

sir,-"TheCatholicAnswer"isbeginningtocreatequiteabitofcomment. Itissurprisinghowmanypeople,nonCatholics,too,havelistenedtothe lastcoupleofSessions.Itistobe hopedthetimewillnotbealteredany more,thoughIsupposethatcouldn't behelpedinthecircumstances. Wouldn'titbepossibletohaveCatholicsocialteachingexpoundedinthe sameSession?Thatissomething badlyneededatthemoment.-Yours, etc. LISTENER.

Perth,12/4/'43.

COMMUNISTSDON'TREST.

Sir,-Inreplyto"FedUp,"reCommunism.Unfortunatelywiecannot giveCommunismarest.Communism wouldnottakearest.Neithershould werest.Canwefeelsmugwhilstour neighboursarebeingeatenupbythis wolfinsheep'sclothing?GoodcitizensarebeingdupedbyCommunism. Moneyisbeingcollectedfromthese innocentvictims,laterhopingin"that earthlyparadise,"theywillgivevotes Thenwemayhavearepetitionhereof theSpanishupheaval.Otherslike "FedUp"whoknowsomuchtruth aboutCommunism,coulddomuch goodfortheirnotsofortunateneighbours.Youarewellarmedfor"active service."Getintothefrontline,attendCommunistmeetings,letyour voicesbeheard;preach"SocialJustice"whenopportunityarises.Ifour Faithisworthhaving,itisworthfightingfor.-Yours,etc., "INTERESTED." Buncubbin,April4,1943.

BOYS'MOVEMENT.

Sin-ThequestionofaBoys'Movementcroppedupinyourcolumns sometimeago,andafterthatenthusiasticoutbursthassincebeendropped again.Idon'tthinkitshouldbe. Nowifeverweneedtohaveanorganisationforourboyssuchasthe L.C.Y.promisedtobe.Itwouldbe atragedytoallowthedifficultiesfrom war-timerecruiting,andconsequent scarcityoftrainedleaders,toprove aninsurmountableobstacle.Surely togoodnessthereareenoughmen aboutstillandsufficientlyinterested inthisvitalquestiontoassistinreorganisingtheL.C.Y.forthebenefitof the14--18agegroup,whowouldthen haveatleastacoupleofyearsinthe Movementbeforebeingdraftedinto theServices-withallthatthatmeans. Don'tletuswaituntilafterthewar totakethisMovementupagain.Do itnow,whenitisneededmorethan even-Yours,etc., JUVENIS. Claremont,14/14143.

SouthPerth MAYPROCESSION

tOe

crircObtocese

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

April18(PalmSunday).-11a.m.:PontificateinSt.Mary'sCathedral.

April22(HolyThursday):St.Mary's Cathedral,8.45a.m.,Pontificate.

April23(GoodFriday):St.Mary's Cathedral,10a.m.,MassofthePresanctified:Preside.

3p.m.:AttendStationsoftheCross.

April24(HolySaturday):St.Mary's Cathedral,8.13a.m.,SolemnHigh Mass:Preside.

April25(EasterSunday):St.Marys Cathedral,11a.m.:Pontificate.

April30-8p.m.:AttendopeningLectureof1943SeriesatCentralCatholic Library.

May2-8a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral: CelebrateMassonoccasionofAnnualCommunionofNewmanSociety.

12.15p.m.:AttendannualcelebrationsinhonourofSt.Joseph,atthe HomeoftheLittleSistersofthe Poor,Glendalough.

May4:AttendAnnualGeneralMeeting oftheCatholicWomen'sLeague.

May9:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmationatSt.Mary'sChurch,Mer redin.

May16:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmationatHolyCrossChurch, Cunderdin.

May23:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmationatSt.Joseph'sChurch, Kellerberrin.

May30:CanonicalVisitationand ConfirmationatSt.Anne's,Belmont.

June6.:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmationatSt.Anthony's,Wanneroo

June13(PentecostSunday):St. Mary'sCathedral: 11a.m.:Pontificate.

3p.m.:AdministertheSacramentof ConfirmationtochildrenfromCathedralParishSchoolsandto adults.

June18:10a.m.:PresideatQuarterly ConferenceofPriestsoftheMetropolitanArea,attheChapterHall, VictoriaSquare.

June20:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmationatSt.Mary's,Guildford.

LINTIN

SZRMONSATST.MARY'S OATRIDRAL,

Rev.FatherRegan,C.SS.R.,ofthe RedemptoristMonastery,NorthPerth, willpreachthesixthofhisseriesof LentenSermonsinSt.Mary'sCathedralonSundaynext,April18.The subjectofhissermonwillbe"TheJoy ofBelief."Eveningdevotionscommenceat7.30p.m.

Enclosedletreats

Sir,-Cananythingbedoneinthe wayofprotestingagainstwhatone couldconsidertheworstfeatureofthe "victorysuit"-thenarrowtrousers?I recentlytriedonseveralpairsand foundthatonecouldnotbendthe kneewhenwearingthem.-Yours.,etc., "KNOBBYKNEES."

At3p.m.onthefirstSundayin May,theannualprocessioninhonour ofOurLadywillbeheld.The,occasionalsermonwillbepreachedbythe Rev.FatherBreslin,0.M.I.,Fremantle.ThecadetsofAquinasCollege willformtheguardofhonour.Men andwomeninuniformarecordiallyinvitedtowalkintheprocession.Of coursetheChildrenofMarySodalities ofthesuburbanparishesareagainwelcomedthisyear.Theprocessionwill leaveSt.Columba'sChurch,Forrest. street,SouthPerth,fortheschool groundsat3p.m.

AstherewillbenoEucharisticProcessioninOctober,theHolyName parochialbranchesarewelcometoparticipateinthisMayProcession.If delegates-fromanyoftheparochial branchescome,itwouldbeanadditionalfeatureweretheytobringtheir HolyNamebannerswiththem.

("TheRecord"willbepleasedto publishinthiscolumnnoticesofRetreatstobeconductedformembersof ourvariousCatholicorganisations throughoutthecoiningyear.Wesuggestthatadvicebesenttousassooa asarrangementshavebeencompleted ineachcase.)

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'OLDBOYS' ASSOCIATION.

Theannualweek-endRetreatofthe aboveAssociationwillbeheldatthe Monastery,NorthPerth,overtheweekendcommencingMay1. FurtherdetailsoftheRetreatwillbepublished inthiscolumnlater.

TheCeremoniesofHolyWeek

PALM SUNDAY

ThetriumphantentryofChristinto JerusalemandHisenthusiasticreceptionbythepopulace,musthavebeen atrueconsolationtoOurLord,aconsolationandahappinessnevertheless temperedbysadnessandtheapprehensionofthetreacheryofthosesame peoplefivedayslater.Thisdouble characteristicofhappinessanddepressionisconveyedforceablyinto-day's ceremonial.TheblessinganddistributionofthepalmsbeforeMass,tothe accompanimentofthehappyshoutsattributedtotheHebrewboysof"Hosannainthehighest,"renderedbythe choir,thentheprocessionwiththe palmbranchesoutsidethechurch,followedbytheinterestingceremonyat thedoorsoftheCathedral.Thedoors areclosed,theprocessionreachesthem fromtheoutside,andthehymn, "Glory,praiseandhonourbetoThee. OChristRedeemer:'isalternatedbetweenchantersontheinsideandthe wholeprocessionoutside.Finallythe cross-bearerknocksuponthedoorswith thebaseofthecross;theyareopened andtheprocessionstreamsintothe churchoncemoreasChristandtheattendantcrowdstreamedintoJerusalem onthefirstSundayofthePalms.Then theSolemnMassbegins and quicklyreachestheimpressivechantingofthePassionofOurLordaccordingtoSt.Matthewbythreedeacons standinginthesanctuary.ThisaccountofOurLord'ssufferinganddeath aswellasthoseotherceremoniesdescribedabove,shouldbefollowedcarefullybyeveryone.Bookscontaining everythinginfullareeasytoobtain.

ThefunctiononPalmSundaywill commenceat10.45a.m.

Theministerswillbeasfollows:

Celebrant:Rev.J.J.Rafferty.

Deacon.Rev.H.Lalor.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.P.Donnelly.

MasterofCeremonies:Rev.J.O'Far sell.

DeaconsofthePassion:

VeryRev.L.J.Goody(Narrator). Rev.J.McGillicuddy(Synagogue). Rev.F.O'Connor(Christus)

WiththeceremoniesofPalmSundaybeginstheliturgicalcycleofHoly Week.Thebeautyoftheelaborate,thoughrestrained,symbolismofthe manyfunctionsduringthisweekisoftencompletelylostonthecasual observerand,onlytoofrequently,littleappreciatedevenbythosedevout peoplefromwhomgreaterinterestwouldhavebeenexpected.Thecrowds, however,whichyearafteryearthrongtheCathedraltooverflowing,aresign enoughthattherearemanyforwhomashortexplanationwillbeusefuland abetterunderstandingoftheceremoniesreallyappreciated.

processiontoasidechapel,wherethe AltarofReposehasbeenprepared. HereItremainsfortheadorationof thefaithfuluntilItisbroughtbackto theHighAltaronGoodFridayforthe priest'sCommunion.Thisperiod whiletheBlessedSacramentislying intheAltarofReposeistakentosignifymysticallythetimeduringwhich theBodyofOurLordwaslyinginthe tombofGethsemane.

2.InCathedralchurchestheHoly Oilsareto-dayconsecratedbytheBishop.Theoilofthesickisblessedbe-

1 St. Mary's Cathedral

TIMETABLEFORHOLYWEEK

PalmSunday: 10.45a.m.:SolemnBlessingof Palms.

7.30p.m.:EveningDevotions.

Preacher:Rev.FatherRegan, C.SS.R.

SpyWednesday:

Confessions:12noonto 1p.m.: 4p.m.to6p.m.;andafterEveningDevotions.

EveningDevotions: 7.30p.m.

Preacher:VeryRev.T.Haugh, O.M.I.

HolyThursday:

6.45a.m.to8.15a.m.:HolyCommunionwillbedistributed.

8.45a.m:PontificalMass.

7.30p.m.:EveningDevotions.

Preacher:Rev.T.Perrott,S.J, GoodFriday: 10a.m.:MassofPresanctified, AdorationofCross,andPassion Sermon.Preacher:Rev.C.K. Slowey. 3p.m.:StationsoftheCross.Conductedby Rev.Father O'Leary,C.SS.R.

7.30p.m.:EveningDevotions.

Preacher:Rev.FatherMcLaughlin,C.SS.R Confessionsimmediatelyafter EveningDevotions.

HolySaturday: Ceremoniescommenceat6.45: a.m.

Confessions:12noonto1 p.m.; 4p.m.to6p.m.;andfrom7.30 onwards.

AssistantPriest:VeryRev.E.Kennedy,Adm.

DeaconsatThrone:VeryRev.F. Duffy,C.SS.R.,VeryRev.T.Haugh, O.M.I..

DeaconofMass:RevF.O'Connor.

Sub-DeaconofMass:Rev.P.Donnelly.

MasterofCeremonies:Rev.J.J. Rafferty.

AssistantMasterofCeremonies:Rev. J.O'Farrell.

TwelvePriestsoftheHolyOils:

VeryRevs.J.T.McMahonandJ. Wallace,Revs.J.Dunne,H.Kearin,F. Kearnan,P.C.Smith,E.Collins,J. Brennan,J.O'Mahony,J.Henebry,C. K.Slowey,andanOblateFather.

SevenDeaconsoftheHolyOils:

Revs.J.Murphy,V.O'Sullivan,P. Kelliher,P.O'Sullivan,T.O'Kane,S. Hawe,andaRedemptoristFather.

SevenSub-DeaconsoftheHolyOils:

Rev.P.Cryan,W.Costelloe,M. Delahunty,J.Leech.C.Nolan,G. O'Leary,andaJesuitFather.

N.B.:Thepriests,deacons,andsubdeaconsoftheHolyOilswillplease bringtheirownvestmentsandput themonbeforeMassstarts;thecolour iswhite.Thevestmentsrequiredby thepriestsaresurplice,arnica,stole andchasuble.Forthedeacon,surplice,amice,stoleanddalmatic.For thesub-deacon,surplice,amiceand tunicle.

asitwere,theprayersofallandina conciseformpresentsittoGod.

3.Thecharacteristicceremonyof GoodFridaynowfollows.TheCross, whichhasremainedveiledsincePassionSunday,isunveiledinthreeim pressivestagesbythepriest,assisted bythedeacon,andaftereachsuccessiveuncoveringallkneelandworship theSaviourwhoisrepresentedbyHis imageontheCross.Theunveiled crucifixisthenlaidonacushionbeforethealtarsteps,andalltheclergy cometwobytwoandafterthreesuccessivereverences,kissthefootofthe Cross.Thisistheancientceremony knowninoldertimesas"creepingto the('ross."

4.ThelastpartoftheGoodFriday functionisquicklycompleted;aprocessionisformedtotheAltarofRepose,andtheConsecratedHost,which wasdepositedthereyesterday,is broughtbacktotheHighAltarand thepriestconsumesItinHolyCommunion.Thisiswhatiscalledthe MassofthePresanctified,becausethere isnoOffertory,noConsecration,but onlythePriest'sCommunion,withthe SacredSpeciespre-sanctifiedorpreconsecratedthedaybefore.ThisMass concluded,thealtarsarestrippedagain, andexceptforthegleamasofaray ofhopefromtheunveiledcrucifix,the Churchreturnsonceagaintothebarenessofsorrowandmourning.

ThefunctiononGoodFridaymorningcommencesat10a.m.

Thesacredministerswillbeasfollows:-

Celebrant:Rev.H.Lalor.

Deacon:RevC.Slowey.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.T.Ahern.

AssistantsatThrone:VeryRev.F. Duffy,C.SS.R.,VeryRevE.Kennedy, Adm.

Lector:Rev.V.O'Sullivan.

Preacher:Rev.C.K.Slowey.

DeaconsofPassion:AsonPalmSunday.

MasterofCeremonies:Rev.J.J.Rafferty.

AssistantMasterofCeremonies:Rev. J.O'Farrell.

HOLYSATURDAY.

Foraproperunderstandingofthe ceremoniesofHolySaturday,itis necessarytorealisethatoriginallyall thatwenowwitnessonSaturdaymorningwasthenperformedduringthe nightprecedingEasterDay.Itwasa Vigil.Undersuchcircumstancesthe newfire,theblessingandlightingof thecandle,thelengthyprophecies,and thefirstEasterMasstakeonanewsignificance.

GOODFRIDAY.

Thesequenceoftheceremoniesis:

1.BlessingoftheNewFire.

HOLYTHURSDAY,

OrtheThursdayoftheLord'sSupper.

Theoutstandingcharcateristicsof thisday'smostsolemnceremoniesare:

First:TheCommemorationoftheInstitutionoftheBlessedEucharistby OurLordJesusChrist.

Second:TheBlessingorConsecration oftheHolyOils.

Third:TheStrippingoftheAltar.

1.Althoughthefullliturgicalfeast dayoftheBlessedSacramenthasbeen transferreduntilafterPentecost,to CorpusChristi,itisobviousthatceremonialonHolyThursdayisessentially oneinhonouroftheEucharist.The whitevestments,thedecoratedaltar, thefinalpealingofthebells,allpoint toaspiritofjoyandofthanksgiving forthisgreatmystery,eventhoughit heshroudedonbothsidesbythesorrowfuleventsofOurLord'sPassion. Immediatelyafterto-day'sMassa consecratedHostistakeninsolemn

foretheCommunion,whiletheconsecrationofthechrismandtheblessing oftheoilofcatechumenstakesplace aftertheCommunionoftheMass.The impressiveceremoniesconnectedwith thisfunctionrequiretheservicesofa numberofpriests,deaconsandsubdeacons,allintheirdistinctivevestments,tobringthevesselscontaining theunconsecratedoilsbeforetheBishopandtoreturnthemagaintothe sacristyaftertheblessingshavebeen pronounced.Duringtheblessingor consecrationoftheoils,theBishopis seatedbeforeasmalltablesituatedtowardsthecentreofthesanctuary.

3.Attheconclusionoftheceremonies forHolyThursdaymorning,thecelebrantoftheMass(inthecaseofthe Cathedral,HisGracetheArchbishop) stripstheHighAltarandthesidealtars oftheirclothsandotheradornments.

ThissignifiesthattheChurchisreturningonceagainwithundividedattentiontothesorrowfulcontemplation ofOurLord'sPassionandDeathafter thebriefjoyfulcommemorationofthe InstitutionoftheBlessedEucharist.

ThefunctiononHolyThursday morningwillcommenceat8.45a.m.

Thesacredministerswillbeasfollows:-

Celebrant:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Archdeacon:Rt.Rev.MonsignorB. Fagan,R.I.,V.G.

ThesolemnceremoniesonGoodFriday,fromaliturgicalpointofview,are amongthemostinterestingofthe wholeyear'scycle,containingasthey domanysurvivalsofancientecclesiasticalusage.

Themorningfunctionmaybedividedanddistributedunderthefollowing headings:-

1.ThereadingofpassagesfromHoly Scripture.

2.The"Bidding"prayersforallthe estatesoftheChurch.

3.TheUnveilingand"Adoration"of theCross.

4.TheMassofthePresanctified.

1.Itwasaninvariableruleafew centuriesagothattwolessonsfrom ScriptureshouldprecedetheGospel. Thisoldpracticesurvivesto-day.The passagefromtheProphetOseaand anotherfromMoses'bookofExodus precedethesingingofthePassionGospel,thistimeaccordingtoSt.John.

2.Nextweareinvitedor"bidden" bythepriesttoprayforthePope,for ourBishop,fortheclergy,forallthe faithful,forthoseunderinstructionin theChristianfaith,forpagans,andfor theJews.Theformofthese"bidding" prayersisnow-a-daysrare,althoughthe generalruleinpasttimes.Thepriest inaloud,clearvoice,enunciatestheintentionoftheprayer,thedeaconbids thepeoplekneelandpray,alittlelater thesub-deacontellsthemtoarise,and thenthepriestina"Collect"collects,

2.BlessingandLightingofthePaschalCandle.

3.Prophecies.

4.BlessingoftheBaptismalFont.

5.TheLitanies.

6.TheFirstEasterMass.

1.Allilluminationisextinguishedin theChurchandnewfireiskindledin abrazierintheporchofthechurch; thisfireisblessedbythepriest.A taperisthenlitfromthefireandthis isusedsubsequentlytolightthePaschalandothercandles.Intheporch arealsoblessedfivesmallspikesofincense,whichareafterwardsinsertedin thesideofthePaschalcandle.The clergythenmoveprocessionallytothe Sanctuarywhere-

2.TheblessingofthePaschalCandle commences.Thisblessingisalmost uniqueinsofarasitispronouncedby thedeaconwho,naturally,neednot necessarilybeapriestatall.Theformulafortheblessingiscalledthe"Exsultet,"whichissungbythedeacon. andiscreditedwithbeingoneoftte finestpiecesoftheChurch'schantin existence.Thischantisinterrupted severaltimes,fortheinsertionofthe spikesofincense,forthelightingof thecandle,andforthere-illumination ofthechurch.

3.FollowingtheblessingofthecandleisthereadingoftwelvelongpassagesfromtheOldTestament(called the"Prophecies,"becauseallofthem

(ContinuedonPage11.)

LibraryLectures

ThefortnightlyFridayeveninglectureswillberesumedshortly.Thelecturers,sogenerouslygivingtheirservicesforyourbenefit,areamongthe bestscholarsandspeakersintheState. Theirsubjectsconcernwhatyouwish toknow,whatyoushouldknow.

Thenearlycompleteprogramme, printedbelow,showsanambitiousattempttoprovidetalksthatwillbenot onlyinformativebutofabsorbinginterest.

LECTUREPROGRAMME

April30-Rev.FatherLalor:TheLegionofMary-itsScopeinourWorld

May14-Rev.FatherMcBride:DiscussionsontheOldTestament,with ferencetoRecentArcheologicalDiscoveries.

May28-Rev.FatherO'Mahoney:The FirstSpreadofCatholicism.

June11-VeryRev.Dr.Goody:The PresentPositionoftheOriental Churches:TheirOriginsandRites.

June25-Rev.FatherLawler,S.J.:The CivilisingofWesternEurope.

July9-Rev.FatherBreslin,O.M.I.: LifeintheAgesofFaith.

July23-Mr.K.F.Spruhan:TheCrusades.

August6-Rev.FatherHaugh,0.M.I.: TheExpansionoftheChurchinthe NewWorld.

August20-Tobearranged:TheGreat Heresies.

September3-Mr.K.F.Spruhan:The RootCausesoftheReformationin England.

September17-Rev.FatherKelly,S.J.: TheReformationandCounter-ReformationontheContinent.

October1-Lieut.Batten,R.A.N.:CatholicisminEnglandSincetheReformation.

October15-Tobearranged:TheCatholicRevivaloftheNineteenthCentury.

October29-Rev.NoelRyan,S.J.:The CatholicLiteraryRevival.

November5-MrH.Goerke:Catholic SocialTeaching.

November19-Rev.FatherLalor:The FightTo-day-Everyone'sDutv CatholicAction.

Airman'sLastLetter-

Esauseliehadapremonitionthat deathwasnear,SergeantPilotJ.E. Albertson,R.A.F.,wrotealastletterto hisparents,wholiveatKilbtrnie.Wellington.Theletter(extractsfrom whicharequotedhere1waslaterdeliveredtothemonthereceptionof thenewsofhisdeath.

DearMumandDad,-

Whenthisletterreachesyouyou willalreadyknowthatGodhascalled metogivemylifealongwiththethou-. sandsofotherswhomthiswarhas claimed.

Iamwritingthismostdifficultletter -difficultinthesensethatIcannot hopetoexpressthethoughtswhichI wishtoconveytoyou-justpriorto thetimewhenIshallbeenteringthe mostdifficultandhazardouspartof mytrainingandbeforeIcommence operationalflying.Manyfinelads, someofthemmyfriends,havefailed tosurvivethisphase.

IwantyoutoknowthatIamentirelyinGod'shands.

Ihavenocomplaintstomaketo Him.Hegavemethemostwonderful parentsintheworldandabrotherand sisterssecondtonone,andIconsider thatIhavehadfarmorethanmy

Booksandmagazinesforthetroops maybeleftat''TheRecord"Office, 450Hay-street,Perth,fordistribution bytheC.W.O.

TheCeremoniesofHolyWeek

(ContinuedfromPage10.)

eitherdirectlyorindirectlyreferto thefuturecomingoftheRedeemer). Theyrefertothecreationofthe world,theflood,thesacrificeofAbraham,theescapefromEgypt,the Babyloniancaptivity,etc.TheseinterestingextractsfromtheBibleservedtopasssomeofthetimeduringthe EasterVigil.

4.Thewaterinthebaptismalfontis blessedsolemnlytwiceayear(andprivatelyasoftenasthesupplyneedsreplenishing),atEasterandatPentecost.ThefreshoilofCatechumens andthenewChrism,blessedandconsecratedtwodayspreviously,arepouredinandmixedwiththewater,andif thereisanyonetobebaptisedheis baptisedimmediately.

5.Theclergyreturnoncemoretothe HighAltar,andthere,prostrating themselves,theyremaininprayer, whiletwochanterssingtheLitanyof theSaints.Towardstheendofthe Litaniesthesacredministersariseand, inthesacristy,changeintowhitevestmentsfortheMass.

6.ThisMasswasoriginallycelebratedjustaftermidnight,andsowas. andisstillconsidered,thefirstMass ofEasterSunday.Theonlysurvival oftheoldVigilMassthatexiststo-day istheMidnightMassatChristmas.

DuringthisMassthe"Alleluia"isrestoredtotheliturgyoftheChurch. ExcludedsinceSeptuagesimaSunday, nineweeksbefore,thisshoutofpraise"Alleluia"isHebrewfor''praisebeto God"-isthesignofgreatrejoicing. Itissungthreetimesinanascending scalebythepriestandthedeacon,and thentakenupbythechoir,whowill continuetosingitwithgreatsolemnityduringtheremainderoftheChurch Year.

ThefunctiononHolySaturdaywill commenceat6.45a.m.

Thesacredministerswillbethefollowing:-

Celebrant:Rev.F.O'Connor.

Deacon:Rev.J.McGillicuddy.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.P.Donnelly.

MasterofCeremonies:Rev.J.Farrell.

Schola:Revs.A.Lynch,T.Ahern,C. Slower,J.J.Rafferty,H.Lalor.

ThoseprieststakingpartintheceremoniesofHolyWeekareadvisedthat theywillreceivenonoticeorreminder otherthanthatcontainedintheabove notes.Theyareparticularlyrequestedtobepresentingoodtimebefore thecommencementofthefunction.

Doyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?Make aregularannualcontributiontohelp anindigentstudent,

61,63andKINGST.,PERTH

TheLeadingLeatherMerchant WESUPPLYANYTHINGINLEATHER SaddleryandHarness,SuitCases,Etc.SuedeSkinsforFancyWork

SOLEAGENTSFOR-

Dr.Scholl'sFootAppliances."Salvitis"StockRemedies,forHorses,Cattle Sheep,Pigs,Poultry,Dogs.FreeBookletonApplication

shareofHisblessings,soifAlmightyGodwishestorecallmeitisO.K.bymeandIwouldlikeyoutolookatit inthatlightalso.Thislifeisephemeral;wemustalldieeventuallyand Iwilllookforwardtothetimewhen wewillallbereunited-pleaseGodinheaven.

Iwishtothankyou,dearestonesfor allyourselfsacrificeingivingmea goodeducation,awonderfulhomeand areligionwithoutwhichIdon'tknow whereIwouldhavebeen.

WritingthisletterhasmademerealisemorethaneverjusthowmuchIam indebtedtoyouandtomyfriendsfor thegoodfortunethathasalwaysbeen mine. Nowordscanexpressmygratitude -allIcansayis"Thankyou-thank youfromthebottomofmyheartfor everything."

Ihavebutonewish-thatyouwill notmournformeundulybutwillaccepttheadditionalcrosswhichGodhas imposeduponyou,withfortitudeand courage.'Iknowitisnotnecessary formetoaskyoutoprayforme.

Iamverygratefultoyou,toGrandmaandtheothersatPortforthe prayersinthepast-Iknowthatsomeonehasbeenprayinghardforme... Good-bye,dearones-mayGodbless youall.

Yourlovinganddevotedson, JOHN.

D.HILL

Tel.118Midland.

TRUSSEDPOULTRY.

"GlacierPriest" Perfects Flying Suit

Rev.BernardHubbard,S.J.,the"glacierpriest,"hascompletedsuccessfulexperimentsinAlaskaandtheAleutianswithanewArcticflying suitofquiltedeiderdownweighingonlysevenandahalfpounds,and designedtoreplacethebulkyfiftypoundsofclothingnowwornby serviceflier.ThegarmentwillberecommendedtotheU.S.A.Army.

CatholicsandReading

DoCatholicsread?Iftheyread, whatdotheyread?asksCharlotte Meagherinanarticlein"TheMagnificat."InanumberofinterviewsrecentlysponsoredbytheCatholicGirls' HighSchoolinWestPhiladelphia,the youngjournalistsmetsomeinteresting, evenamazing,answerstothesequeries.

OneofthoseinterviewedwasFrances ParkinsonKeyes,arecentconvertand authorofthreedeservedlypopularCatholicbooks:"WritteninHeaven," "TheSublimeShepherdess"and"The GraceofGuadalupe.""Catholicsare notagreaterforceintheliterary world,"Mrs.Keyessaid,"becauseas Catholicstheyarenotreaders-asa rule."Shegoesontostate:"Catholicsmaybegreaterreadersasindividuals,buttheydonotmaketheeffort theycouldandshouldtoencourage writerswhoarestrivingtointerpret theirreligion."

Isthistrue?Iftrue,whyisitso? Andwhatarewegoingtodoaboutit? Forifwetakelogically,seriously,the greatgiftoftheFaiththatisours,we shouldbedoingsomethingaboutthis andabouteveryotherfacetofour Catholicliving,notaspiousdevotees butsimplyasconvincedCatholics.

Itisanacceptedfactthatweare nowinthemidstofaCatholicrenaissanceinliterature.Thisisaprivilegegratuitouslyofferedus.But,as witheveryprivilege,sowiththisone, therewalksaresponsibility."Noblesse FORCHEFIPER

oblige"carriesinthisCatholicliterary revivalaswellasinanyotherphaseof living.Wehavegreatobligations, andwemustnotstandidleinthevineyard. IthasbeensaidthatCatholicsindividuallymanifestastrongsuperiority complex,whilecollectivelywecarry withusitsopposite.Asreaderswe apparentlyhavethisinferioritycomplex.Wewhodoreaddemonstrate thisalmostcontinuouslyinourchoi,e ofreadingmatter.Ourshelvescarry thebestsellers,butnottheCatholic bestsellers,sinlesstheyhapp-ntocoincide,asdoessometimeshappen.

FranzWerfel'smagnificent"EmbezzledHeaven"wasthechoiceofboth theLiteraryGuildandtheCatholic BookClub;themuchmooted"Keys oftheKingdom"wastheselectionof theformerclub,butisbeingmuchread byCatholicgroups.Butwhilethe LiteraryClub'soutputgoesintomillionsofhomesintheland,theCatholic Book-of-theMonthClubhasfrequently neverbeenheardof;orifheardof, neverinvestigated.Someofusare horriblyafraidofappearingnarrow: narrowisanepithetwecannotbrook.

Ofthemagazines,wefinddisplayed inourliving-roomsanynumberofsecularonesandseldomaCatholicpublication.Yetthereareanumberof Catholicperiodicals,allfine,alldemonstrablyworthyofourpatronageand ourperusal.AslogicalCatholicscan wewithholdthispatronage?Ifwe continuetoignorethesehigh-classjournalsandtheCatholicbookclubs,need webesurprisedif,liketheArabs,they shallfoldtheirtentsandsilentlypass away?

Specificallywecandosomething more.Inthefirstplacewecanmake ourinfluencefeltinourpubliclibraries.IfyourlibraryhasnottheCatholicbookthatyouwant,makeouta requisitionslip,getyourfriendstodo thesame-andwhenthebookisput upontheshelves,drawitoutandkeep itmoving.

L1460

M1158

Anotheravenueofinfluenceagainst undesirableliteratureandradioprogrammesisbywayofletters-letters tothepress,themagazines,thepublishers,thebroadcastingstations.Don't letthedemonof"What'stheuse?" temptyouhere.Letterwritingdoes dogood.

Girlsseekinginformationaboutthe r'atholicGirls'Movementshouldring B2546,orcallattheClubRoomsduringlunch-hourorofanevening.

014 DEATHS

PENTONY.-AtMorisset,Sydney,on April8,1943,CaptainPhilipPentonypassedtohiseternalrest,and wasburiedinSydney.Requiem Massforcelebrated.

-InsertedbyA.T.Kirkpatrickand Ross. DormiatinPace.

Afairwindonyourhomewardboundrun,CaptainPhil.

PENTONY.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulofmydear friend,CaptainPhilipPentony,who diedmostpeacefullyatMorisset,on April8.BuriedSydneyApril10, 1943,afterRequiemMass.

0,SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhissoul.

01, INMEMORIAM

O'NE1LL.-Ineverlovingmemoryof Gladys(SisterM.St.Martha),who diedApril18,1938.R.I.P. Everrememberedbyherloving mother,fatherandsister.

McKINNON-Inlovingmemoryof LenaFrancesMcKinnon,whodepartedthislifesuddenlyatSt.John ofGodHospital,March22,1942.

0,SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul.

MONAGHAN.-Insadandloving memoryofourdarlingwifeand mother,whopassedawayatFremantle,April14,1940.

MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul.

-Insertedbyherlovinghusband andfamily.

MURPHY.-Insadbutlovingmemory ofmybelovedhusband,Michael, whopassedawayatSouthernCross April19,1936. Sevensadyearsoflongingforthe husbandIhavelost; OnlyGodinheavenknowswhatthat sadpartingcost.

MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyuponhissoul.

-Insertedbyhissorrowingwife, Christine.

VINER.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearNellie,whodiedonApril18,1938. OurLadyofPerpetualSuccour,pray forher.SweetJesus,havemercy onherdearsoul.Sadlymissed.

-Insertedbyherparentsandsisters.

WILLIAMSON.-IneverlovingmemoryofCatherine,ourdearwifeand mother,whodiedonApril19,1941. R.I.P.

-Insertedbyherlovinghusband andfamily.

WANTED.

Wantedurgently,House.3bedrooms,betweenPerthandFremantle. Mrs.Smith,2Viewway,Nedlands. FOUND.

Asoldier'sbrownleatherpietykit. Ownermayobtainsamebyapplyingto thisoffice.

,4,0,4,0,0,41.04......1.40.0vpinINPIne STURMERandSON 1 t BAKERS.

(LateHallion's),

4 90JOHNSTREET,NORTH FREMANTLE. (Tel.2739.)

PrizeWinnersRoyalShow. DeliveriesThroughoutFremantle.

NELSON&SONLIMITEDMARKETREPORT

NELSON&SONLIMITED,report asfollowsfortheirsaleofWednesday, April14,1943: Supplieswereheavy,thequalitygenerallywasveryfair,andvalueswere firmtoagooddemand.Cockerels werehigherthanlastFriday,good hensfirm,MuscoviesshowedanimrrevEment,andcompetitionwaskeen forgoodTurkeys,ofwhichquitea numberwereavailable.

QUOTATIONSATPERPAIR.

COCKERELS:Prime,11.'6to12/9; Fair,9-to11-;Medium,6'-to8,-; Small,downto5/6.

ROOSTERSHeavy,6- to8/-; W.L.,4-to5

PULLETS:B.O.,8/-to10/-;W.L. (good),11/6;Small,3/3to5/-.

HENS:Good,11/6to12/6Medium, 8to10/-;Small,6/-;W.L.,4/6to6/-.

DRAKES:Prime,11/6to12/9: Good,9/-to106;Medium,8/-;Young, 7/-;Aged,7/-to8/-.

DUCKS:Prime,6-to73;Medium, IV-to6/6;Aged,5/6to6/-.

TURKEY-GOBBLERS:Prime,70.6 to73/-;Good,53,-to65"-;Medium, 33/-to43/6;Young,17,'-to25/, TURKEYHENS:Prime,27/6to 30,,-;Medium,19/-to25 Young, 12/6.

EGGS:StandardNewLaid.2/2; MediumHen,2'01;Pullet.1111;Cookinggrades,10d.adozenlowerthannew laidrates.

ADDRESS:MetropolitanMarkets. Perth.

Children'snovels,illustratedbooks, andallkindsofstorybookssuitablefor JuvenileSectionofourCatholicLibrary,arewanted.

111111llllllI 1,1IhIHI

TrottingSelections

By"TheHawk."

GLOUCESTERPARK.

Saturday,April17,1943. DunedinHandicap:Lin'sRelic,1; WorthyShasu,2;JennyDerby,3. RotoruaHandicap:BaronAntique, 1;LadyWatheroo,2;Dawning,3. WellingtonHandicap:Tarabon,1; DesertLady,2;JulianWilver,3. ChristchurchHandicap:BalgayJim, 1;LittleSheik,2;DirectLady,3. EasterCup:TennesseeWood,1; LouisAgain,2;Kolrock,3. AucklandHandicap:Minting,1; LuluMick,2;Percy'sLad,3. TimaruHandicap:SilverEmblem. 1;LibyanLady,2;LadyMedina,3.

MURRAYSTREET,PERTH.

'Phone:B7777

REGISTEREDW.A.T.A.

ALEXRODOREDA

TurfCommissionAgent 802HAYSTREET.

AGENTFORWA.CHARITIES.

RingB5841andB5236.

Proofs Christ'sClaimtobegod

WhyLATIATasChurch'sOfficialLanguage?

Non-Catholic,Perth:

Q.:WouldyoumindquotingthechapterortextintheBible',hueit mentionsthattheCatholicChurch wasthefirstChurch'

A.:InmytalklastweekIcitedSt. Matthew'sGospel,Chapter16,verses18 and19,andIpointedoutthenthat ChristfoundedonlyoneChurch.He calledit"MyChurch"and"the Church."InthelastchapterofSt. Matthew'sGospelandinthelastchapterofSt.Mark'sGospelyouwillfind thatChristgivestheofficersofHis Churchacommandtoteachallmen. andthatHerequiresallmentobelieve theirteaching.Hecouldn'tsay,"And you'renottoconfuseMyChurchwith sheotherChurches,"for,yousee,they didn'texist.ButHedidsaythatHis ChurchwastobefoundedonPeter. andasyouknowtheCatholicChurch alonehasasuccessionofPopesgoing backtoSt.Peter,thefirstPope.Therefore ButsinceIhavetreatedthis questionsorecently,Ishallpasson nowtoyournextquestion,though thereisagreatdealmorethatIcould say.

WASCHRISTACATHOLIC?

Q.:WheredoesitsaythatChristbelongedtothatfaith?

A.ChrististheHeadoftheCatholic Church,notamemberofit.You don'tseemtorealisethatChristisnot amereman.IwouldjustliketoexplaintoyouwhoChristclaimedtobe. HeWassentencedtodeathona chargeofblasphemy,becauseHe claimedtobetheSonofGod.His teachingisbrieflythis:Thereisonly oneGod,butinGodtherearethree DivinePersons-theFather,theSon

ADivineFounder

Anxious,Perth:

Q.:Ilistened-intoyoursession,''The CatholicAnswer,"lastevening.I doadmitthatitseemedverypromising.Youclaimtospeakforthe CatholicChurch-yes:butwithwhat authoritydoesthatChurchspeak?

A.WithChrist'sauthority.Hesaid: "Hethathearsyou,hearsMe.Hethat despisesyou,despisesMe.Andhe thatdespisesMedispisesHimthat sentMe."

CHRIST'SCLAIMTOBEGOD.

Q.:HaveyouorthatChurchforwhich youclaimtospeak,anymoreauthoritythananyofthehundredsof othervoicesthatjamtheair?

A.Theothervoicesovertheairare verynumerous;somehavenoauthoritywhatever,othershavemuch.Ifa

andtheHolySpirit.ThesePerson: arereallydistinctandequalinall things.Theyhaveoneandthesame divinenature.Now,theSeconiPerson,theSon,wholiketheothersexistedbeforetheworldwascrewed. tookahumanbodyandsoul,being bornoftheVirginMary,andisknown asJesusChrist-amaninthefullest senseoftheword,thoughHenever ceasedtobeGodinthefullestsenseof theword.Isupposethatallsounds verystrangetoyou,butthatiswhat Christianityisallabout.Christmas recallsthedayonwhichGodwas bornintothisworld:GoodFridayrecallsthedayonwhichHediedtomake peacebetweenGodandman,whohad sinned;andEasteristhedayon whichhearosefromthedead,and camebacktore-affirmallthatHehad taught.

Q.:IhavealwaysbelievedHimtobe aJew.

A.ChristbelongedtotheJewish raceinsofarasHewasbornofaJewishmother.Hehadnohumanfather.

Q.:AsHealwaysenteredintotheJewishsynogogue.

A.ChristenteredintotheJewishsynagoguebecauseGodhadpromisedthe JewsthatHewouldsendthemaRedeemer,whowastofoundaspiritual kingdomthatwouldembraceallnations.Christpreachedtothemthe gospelorgoodnewsthatHewasthat Redeemer.Thegreatbulkofthe JewishpeoplerejectedChristandtheir leaderscrucifiedHim.TheJewish faithwasthetruefaithuntilChrist came,andfulfilledinHimselfallthe promisesGodhadmadetotheJews. TheJewishfaithnowconsistsinwaitingforaRedeemerwhohasalready come.

manofsciencespeaksonhisownscience,andkeepstoit,hehasonhis particularsubjectmuchmoreauthoritythanIshouldhave.ButIamnot heretospeakMYopinions.Iam expoundingtheteachingofChrist's Church,andabouttheteachingofthat ChurchIhavesomethingmorethan anopinion-Iknowittobetrue.

Youmaystillask:Grantedthatthe ChurchhasauthorityfromChrist, whatauthorityhasHegot?I'llgive youastraightanswertothat.Christ claimedtohavecomeintothisworld asaspecialmessengerfromGodto teachmen;Heclaimedtobenotonly maninthefullestsenseoftheword, butalsoGodinthefullestsenseofthe word.HeprovedHisclaimtobe true:

(1)Bytheextraordinarygoodnessof HislifeandthesublimityofHisteaching; PHONE

TheInquisitionAgain CatholicsDispensedFrom FridayAbstinence

(2)ByworkingextraordinarywondersthatonlyGodcouldwork;

(3)ByfulfillinginHimselfallthe propheciesthathadbeenmadeabout themanGodwastosendintothe world.

Anybodywhowillexaminetheevidencecanseeforhimself:(at,thatthe prophecieswereactuallymadehundredsofyearsbeforeChrist,and(b), thattheywerefulfilledinChrist.

(4)HeprovedHisclaimbythesupremetruthofrisingfromthedeadbyallowingHimselftobekilledbeyondalldoubt,andthencomingback toreaffirmthetruthofwhatHesaid.

HethensetuptheCatholicChurch tocarryonHisworkofteaching,and guaranteedthatitshouldnotgo wrong.

Andforallthis,mindyou,thereis evidencethatwillconvinceanyman whohasnotjustsethismindagainst belief.Nooneofuswaspresentat hisownbirth,butamancan,and usuallyisindutybound,tobelieve thathismotherIShismother.And anyonewhowillapplyhimselftothe caskcangetascertainaknowledge ofthetruthofwhatIhavesaidabout ChristandtheChurch.

Asforauthority,well,itdoesmake adifferenceifamanrisesfromthe deadtoreaffirmHisstatement.

Theothervoicesovertheairmay speakonmanythingswithmuchauthority,butinthematterofreligious truthChristhasappointedtheCatholicChurch-"Hethathearethyou, hearethMe."

SalvationofNon-Catholics

"Fair-Go,"Claremont

Q.:WhydoesyouChurchteachthat allnon-Catholicsgotohell?

A.Itdoesn't.

Q.:That'sthesortofthingthatgets people'sbacksup.

A.Yes,thatthesortofthingthat getspeople'sbacksupagainsttheCatholicChurch-prejudice;:oundedon ignorance.Youspokeoutyourobjectionandthereistheanswer.There aremanysuchsillynotionsaboutCatholicteachingbeingpassedfrom mouthtomouth,andIonlywishthat everyonewouldbeasstraightforward asyou,andgivetheChurchanopportunityofspeakinginsteadofcondemningitwithoutahearing.

TheUseofLatin

A.B.Joss,EastGuildford

Q.WhyisitthattheRomanCatholic preacherrendershisserviceinLatin, when99percent.ofhiscongregation cannotunderstandwhatheissaying?

A.:ThatquestionisratherlikecomplainingthatChristdidnotspeak Englishonthecross.ForwhileOur LordpreachedbyHiswordsonthe crossthegreatestsermonofalltime; yetwhatHedidonthecrosswasinfinitelymoreimportantthatwhatHe

Q.:PersonallyIthinkoneChurchis asgoodasanother.

A.:Well,there'sthisdifferencebetweentheCatholicChurchandthe other"churches,"astheyarecalled. TheCatholicChurchwasfoundedby JesusChrist.Heguaranteedthatit wouldnevergowronginteachingHis doctrine.Thevariousotherchurches werefoundedbymeremen-theydo notevengobacktothetimeof Christ.And,unliketheother"churches,"theCatholicChurchhasbehind hertheauthorityofaManwhocame backfromthedead.AsIsaidafei6 momentsago,thatDOESmakeadifference,youknow.Remember,too, thatManclaimedandprovedthatHe wasmorethanman-GodIncarnate. Thatoughttobeenoughforanybody.

said.HeofferedHislifeinsacrifice 1,.rthesinsofmen.Andsincethe MassisthesameSacrificeso,too,itis whatthePriestDOESattheMassthat mats,eventhoughhisactionisperformedthroughthemediumofhuman speech.So,too,itisimmensemore importantthatthecongregationshould understandthegreatACTthatthe Priestisperforming,ratherthanfollow themeaningofthewordshesays.If youhavenoti_-dcarefullyyouwill

(ContinuedonPage14.)

(ContinuedfromPage13.)

haveobservedthatatthemostsolemn partoftheMassthePriestspeaksin anundertonethatcannotbeheardby anyonebuthimself. Itdoesnot makemuchdifferencetothecongrefationwhetherthePriestswhispersin Latinorthevernacula!

ActuallyMasswasnotalwayssaid inLatin.WhentheApostlesfirst saidMasstheysaiditintheirnative tongue-Aramaic.Whentheywent abroadtopreachtheGospeltheyusuallysaiditinGreek,andsincethefirst ChristiansatRomebelongedforthe mostparttotheGreek-speakingcolony,itisprobablethatMasswasat firstsaidinGreekatRomeitself,but sincetheWesternhalfofEuropethen belongedtotheLatin-speakingRoman Empire,Masswasverysoonsaidin Latinthroughoutwhatarenowthe greatEuropeancountries.Butin Abyssinia,intheMiddlesEastand India,therearesmallcommunitiesof Catholics-realCatholicsinfullunion withthePope-whosepriestssayMass inoneorotheroftheancientlanguages.Thus,itwillsurprisesomeof myCatholiclistenerstohearthatthere isaCatholicChurchinSydneywhere MassissaidinArabic.Toeitherof thesechurchesanyCatholicmaygo forhisSundayMass.Butnotice,it hasalwaysbeenfounddesirableto keeptoanancientlanguage.the Churchisdestinedtolastforalltime, andlanguageschangeasthecenturies pass.Itwouldbeimpracticableto keeponchangingthelanguageofthe Masstosuitthechangesinpopular speech.YouwilleasilyseewhatI mean,ifyouthinkoftheBible.The languageoftheEnglishbiblessounds abitstrangetous;peopleoftenmisunderstandit,becausethemeaningof Englishwordshaschangedinthe300

*theCatholicAnswer

yearsthathavepassedsincethecurrenttranslationsoftheBiblewere made.But,oncealanguagehasceasedtobeusedaspopularspeech-asa vernacular-thenthemeaningsofthe wordscannotchange.Thus,since Latinisnolongerusedinevery-day speech,meaningsofLatinwordscan't change.Itisforthisreason,among others,thattheCatholicChurchuses Latinasherofficiallanguage,notonly intheMass,butinofficialdocuments, letters,andsoon.Bykeepingher officialteachinginalanguagethatdoes notchange,sheadoptsahumanmeans toaidherinherworkofkeepingher teachingfreefromobscuritiesthroughouttheages.

AnotherimportantreasonforhavingtheMassinLatinisthis:TheCatholicChurchisreallyworld-wideall universal.JustasGodisFatherof allmen,soisHisChurchforallmen. ItisonlynaturalthatsuchaChurch shoulduse,notthelanguageofonenation,butalanguagecommontoall nations.Thus,apartfromafew placeswherespecialcircumstancesprevail.whereveraCatholicgoes-toEngland,Ireland,America,France,Germany,Italy,AlaskaorTimbuctoo,he willfindtheMasssaidinLatin.The servicewillbefamiliartohim,and noneofhishabitsofprayerordevotionwillbedisturbed.ItoftenhappensthataCatholiclivingabroadfinds thatitisonlyduringhisSundayMass thathefeelsathome,andatChurch, inGod'sownhouse,isjustwherehe oughttofeelathome.

ThePopesandtheInquisition

Tolerant,Perth.

Q.:Werethe"doingsoftheHoly Office"establishedinItaly,Spain, andPortugalbyPopeGregoryIX, in1235,inaccordancewiththe teachingsofChrist?

A.Theinaccurateuseoftheterm "HolyOffice"showsmethetypeof bookyouhavebeenreading.Itbelongstothatmountainoffictionand twaddlethathasbeenwritteninthe medievalinquisition.Buttoanswer yourquestioninbrief:Theinstitution ofthesecourtsofInquisitionwasin accordancewithChrist'steaching;the doingsofthejudgesweresometimes NOTinaccordancewithChrist'steaching.Thepurposeofthesecourtswas torepresstheteachersofevildoctrines, buttheChurchdidnotmakethefirst moveinthematter.Firstofallwe findhereticsbeinglynchedbythe peopleandputtodeathbythecivil courts,despitetheprotestsofecclesiasticalauthoroties.Asthethreatto Christendomincreased,churchmenbecameconvincedthatvigorousaction wasnecessary,andatthetimeyou mentionthePopesorderedthatspecial ecclesiasticalcourtsshouldbesetup whichwouldbemorecompetentto cleatwiththesematters.Theywere composedforthemostpartofupright menwhosavedmanyinnocentpeople frompersecutionatthehandsofharsh princes.However,itisquitetrue thatthereweremanyinstanceswhere ecclesiasticaljudges,oftenindirect contraventionoftheirorders,copied

MeatonFriday

Curious,Claremont:

Q.:Havingheardyouinvitequestions aboutyourChurch,Iwouldlikeyou toanswerthisone.Hasyour Churchaltereditsteachingon Fridaymeat-eating?

A.No,ithasn't.Whatithasdone istogivecertainbishs.;:spowertodispenseCatholics,forthedurationofthe war,fromtheobligationtoabstain

PAINTING

thecivilcourtsintheirharshtreatmentofunconvictedprisoners.Such conductcannotbeexcused.

ButbothChurchandStatewere certainlyrightinwishingtoprevent thespreadofevildoctrines.Apoisonerisacriminal,anditdoesn'tmattermuchwhetherhepoisonshisfellow'sfoodortheirminds.Totakean examplefromthetimetowhichyou refer:oneofthehereticaldoctrines wasthatmarriagewasevil,andthat ifamancouldnotremaincontinent heshouldtakerefugeinfornication. Suchevilteaching,whichwascalculatedtodestroyalldecentfamilylife andmankinditself,wasRIGHTLY broughttocourt.

However,sinceIhavenoreasonto supposethatyouareabigotjustbecauseyouhavebeenreadingsome bigot'sbook,Ithinkitworthwhileto addthis:Inpointofactualfact,the influenceofthePopeswasalwayson thesideofclemency.Theymade manyregulationsinanendeavourto safeguardjusticeandconstantlymitigatedsentences.But,ofcourse,there arebigotswhohatetheCatholic ChurchmorethantheyloveGod.If youmustgoonreadingtheirbooks, rememberthatChristpromisedthat Hisfollowerswouldbehated.The bigotwhohatestheChurchisjustone moreargumentinitsfavour.

Q.:DoestheRomanCatholicChurch believeinusingforceinmakingpeoplereligious? A.

fromfleshmeatonFriday.TheChurch madethelawinthefirstplace,and theChurchhaspowerthereforetoabrogateorsuspendthelawshouldit choosetodoso.ChristsaidtoPeter, thefirstPope,"Whatsoeverthoushalt binduponearth,itshallbebound alsoinheaven:andwhatsoeverthou shaltlooseonearth,itshallbeloosed alsoinheaven"IftheChurchhas

powertobind,shehaspowertoloosenherrestrictionstoo.Inthiscase shehasdoneso,havingregardtothe greatdfficultyexperiencedinobtainingfreshfishinmanyplacesandthe necessityforthoseengagedinstrenuouswar-worktohavesufficientmeat intheirdiet.TheChurchinthisinstancehasleftittothediscretionof theindividualbishoptodecide

whetherornotthedispensationshould begrantedintheirowndiocese.The ArchbishophasgrantedthedispensationhereinPerth.TheCatholic Churchdoesnotteachthatitiswrong toeatmeatonFriday,butasadisci!). linarylawrequireshersubjectstoabstainfrommeatasanactofChristian self-denial.

Q.:Recentlyoneofmytablemates, whoisregardedasa'pillar"ofthe ChurchofRome,hasbeenhelping himselftoanicejuicysteakatFriday'sdinner.

A.Well,allIcansaytothatis:God blesshisappetite.

LanguageoftheBible

Biblical,Fremantle:

Q.:IunderstandthattheBibleaswe knowitto-dayisatranslation.

A.Youarequiteright;theBible asinitsfamiliarEnglishformisa translation.Butitwouldbeamistaketothinkthattheoriginaltexthas beenlost;forpracticallyallofthe booksoftheBibleareextantinthe langtiageinwhichtheywerewritten. Sincetheyaretobefoundinallbig libraries,Icanmakeasafeguessthat youwillfindtheoriginaltextsnotonly inthelibraryofanybigreligioushouse butalsointhePublicLibraryin JamesStreet.

Q.:Inwhatlanguagewasitwritten originally?

A.Asperhapsyouknow,ifyoulook atacurrentversionoftheBible,you willfindthatitisdividedintothe booksoftheOldTestamentandthe booksoftheNewTestament.The

OldTestamentcomprisesthebooks writtenbeforethetimeofChrist.With theexceptionofafewwrittenin Greek,allthesebookswerewrittenin Hebrew,theancientlanguageofthe Jews.Anddon'tthinkthatthereis noonelivingnowwhocanreadit. Anyboyorgirlwhowishestodoso maytakeHebrewasasubjectinthe Junior.TheNewTestamentconsists ofthebookswrittenbycontempories ofOurLord,thelastofthembeing writtenbytheApostleSt.Johnabout seventyyearsafterOurLord'sResurrection.Withtheexceptionofthe GospelofSt.Matthew,thesebooks wereallwritteninGreek.TheGospelofSt.MatthewwasoriginallywritteninAramaic-akindofpopularHebrewspokeninOurLord'stime;itwas translatedalmostimmediatelyinto Greek,andsomescholarshavesuggest. edthatitwasSt.Matthewhimself whodidthetranslation.

-SwissDailyPaperAnalysesaCrucialQuestion WhatAboutReligioninRussia

MilitantGodlessnesssoft-pedalledforthesakeofunity

Fribourg,Jan.15.

"LaLiberte,"SwissCatholicdaily, carriesanotablearticleontheproblem-sensedtheworldover-asto thepresentattitudeoftheGovernmentandofficialpartiesinRussiato theChristianreligion.

"Thepropagandaofthetwogroups ofbelligerentsgivediametricallyopposedanswerstothisquestion,""La Liberte"says."Passionratherthan realisticconsiderationscausesthe Kremlinanditsadversariestopaint thereligioussituationeitherasrosy orasblackaspossible."TheSwiss paperadmitsthatitisdifficulttoobtainauthenticreportsontheinternal affairsoftheSovietUnion,and"this appliesparticularlytoreligiousfacts."

"LaLiberte,"oneofthetwomost importantSwissdailiesappearingin theFrenchlanguage,hasbeenpublished atFrili,,tir.; since October1,1871. Itwasfoundedfollowingaresolution adoptedatanationalassemblyofthe PiusVerein,aSwissCatholicorganisationforthedefenceoftherightsof SwissCatholicswhichwasbegunin and named inhonourofPope PiusIX.TheFribourgmeetingin 1871votedthecreationoftwoCatho-

ACOMPACT, CONCISE, ACTIVESERVICE PRAYERBOOK

PaperCover 9d.

KhakiClothCover 2/BlueClothCover 2/LeatherCover 4/6 (Postage, CompiledbyRev.G.Butler. M.S.C.,andpublishedbyauthorityoftheC.U.S.A.,Queensland,thisnewprayerbookfor CatholicSoldiers,Sailorsand Airmenisthebestyetprinted formenintrainingandonactiveservice.

ItcontainsthefullMass,all essentialprayersanddevotions andlistsspecialprivileges. Itoffers,aswell,manypagesof blunt,helpfulandsympathetic advicethatwillbewelcomed byeveryCatholicyoungman allina96-pagepocketsizebookonly4iinchesdeep by3incheswide.

lirlItgrittiScTn.Pig.

776HayStreet,Perth toppFoy&Gibson)

licdailies-"'aterlandforGermanspeakingSwiss,and"LaLiberte"for theFrench-languagecantons.

Thearticlewasoccasionedbythe publicationof"TheTruthAboutReligioninRussia,"inwhichtheVicar ofthePatriarchateofMoscow,Serge, MetropolitanofMoscowandKolomna, seekstoexplainandjustifytheattitudeoftheRussianOrthodoxChurch towardstheSovietssincethebeginningofthewar.

BeforeJune,1941,"LaLiberte"says, Moscowhadnoparticularreasonfor boastingaboutreligioustolerance,exceptinthecaseofMohammedanism andBuddhism"becauseofpropaganda inAsia."TheSovietUnion,itisrecalled,establishedalegationatthe courtoftheguardianoftheMohammedanholyplaces,MeccaandMedina,andexcellentrelationswiththe lamasofMongolia:butinEurope, nothingindicatedthattheatheistic sectarianismoftheThirdInternational hadabdicated."The"extendedhand" policyinFrancewasonlya"gross propagandamanoeuvre,"andtheoccupationoftheBalticandPolishterritories,theeditorialadds,"wasfollowedbynumerousvexatiousmeasures withrespecttobothclergyandfaithful.

"Ithadbeenobserved,however," "LaLiberte"continues,"thattheRed authoritieswishedtoavoidtheappearanceofopenpersecutionandpreferredtoresorttotheindirectmethods., di, -editreligionanditsservitors. Partyleadersandpoliticalcommissarsremainedmilitantmaterialists. buttheydeemeditbettertocontrol ratherthanridiculethereligioussentimentofthemasses."

AfterJune,1941,SovietRussiawas confrontedwithbothdomesticand foreignreasonsforachangeinpolicy regardingreligion.Nationally,the Swisspapernotes,"afteraquarterof acenturyofMarxistdictatorship, believerswerelegion,"andinorderto haveessentialunityinfacinganinvader,itwasnecessarythat"theconsciencesofthefaithfulceasetobein conflictwiththeirdutiesascitizens." Internationally,theSovietUnion "founditselfassociatedwithChristian nations-GreatBritain,Poland,Norway,Belgium,theNetherlands,and later,theUnitedStates,Brazil,and otherAmericanrepublics."

-Fromthenon,""LaLiberte"says, Russiawasforced"nolongertoappear asthefocusofGodlessagitationand 'EnemyNo.1'ofChristianity."But,it adds,distrustremainedinawideAnglo-Saxoncircleagainstaregimewhich haddefinedreligionas"theopiumof thepeople,"andtheMoscowGovernmentandLondonandWashington partisansofaidforRussia,"hadto quietpioussoulswiththeassurance thatAxispropagandahadlaunched theanti-Bolshevistcrusadesloganso astosapthemoralunityoftheallied nations."

TheSwissdailythenproceedsto analysethematterfromtheviewpoint ofaneutralnation,andindoingso presentseightpoints:

1.Sovietleadershavesofarfurnishednoproofofadefiniteandsincere

Tenderness andFineFlavourAlways.

ProofsofaDefiniteandSincere ChangeofAttitudeLacking

changeintheirattitudetowardsreligion.

2.Theirdesiretoappearnolonger aspersecutorsofChristianityis,neverthelessmanifest.

3.SomeoftheOrthodoxclergyare disposedtocredittheSovietsandto supportthemintheconductofthe war;andthisappliesnotmerelyto theRussianOrthodoxChurch,butalso totheschismaticChurchesoftheBalkans.

4,ResponsibleheadsoftheChurch ofEnglandandotherAnglo-Saxon Protestantcommunitieshaveputfaith intheassertionsoftheKremlin.

5.Moscowhastriedonseveraloccasionstoestablishcontact withthe HolySee.

6.TheVatican,aswellasCatholic circlesinbothEnglandandAmerica, remainsomewhatscepticalaboutthe inferredrevisionoftheSoviet'santire'-_iouspolicy.

tsnlnsusulWu

7.TheVatican,despiteeverything, hasabstainedfromanexpressandabsolutecondemnationofRussiaatwar, andtheSovereignPontiffhasrefused tosanctionrecognitionofthe"antiBolshevistcrusade."

3.IntheAxiscountries,authorised representativesoftheChristianchurchesneverthelesshaveasssociated themselvesv,'iththissloganmoreor lessenthusiastically,theanti-CommunistwingoftheOrthodoxChurch affordingthe"maximumofvehemence."

Indiscussingthesepoints,"LaLiberte"cities"aseriesofdetails,many ofwhichhaveescapedtheattention ofthegreatEuropeanpublic."

First,theSwisspaperpointsout thattheMetropolitanSerge,who,on June22,1941,madeastirringappeal tothefaithfulto"defendthecountry andfollowthedirectivesofthecivil (ContinuedonPage16.)

Vatican

(ContinuedfromPage15

DistrustDespite

Fascism,torthevictoryoftheTrue Crossoverthehookedcross."

andmilitaryauthority,'.andwhoorderedpublicprayersforthesuccess oftheRedArmy,isthesameonewho, formerly,hadprotestedagainstthe EncyclicalsofPopePiusXIwhichdenounceCommunism.He,withother membersoftheOrthodoxHierarchy, excommunicatedtheBishopssubiect totheKarlovtsiSynod,whohadexpressedawillingnesstocollaborate withtheinvadersintheoccupiedterritories,

AccordingtoSerge'srecentbook, "TheTruthAboutReligioninRussia," personsoutsideRussiawhodiscuss theSovietpersecutionofreligion,are guided"eitherbypoliticalprejudice, orbythedesireforthere-establishmentoftheclergyoftheRussian Churchinapoliticallyandsocially privilegedposition."But"theaverageChristian,"hecontends,"oughtto rejoiceatthedissociationbetween ChurchandStatebroughtaboutinthe SovietUnionsinceitleadstheclergy toreturntotheoriginalprinciplesof asimpleChristianlifefoundedonthe exampleoftheApostles."Headmits nevertheless,thatsincetherevolution theRussianChurchhasseenthenumberofitsflocksgreatlydiminished"thosewhorejectusforpoliticalmotives,associatinguswithCzarism," andalsothose"whohadbeenmistaken"inthinkingthattheOrthodox Thurch"wouldnotadoptanti-Soviet attitudeofothersects."Heseesno ambiguityinitspresentconductwhich signifiesitsrefusalto.benefitatthe handsofa"cruel.extortionary,and sacrilegiousenemy "TheoldChristianOrientandallChristianityare withus,"hesays,"andtogetherwe prayGodforthefinalvictoryover

TheremarksoftheMetropolitancf Moscowserveasaprefacetothebook properwhich,"LaLiberte"notes.was publishedunderthedirectionifNicholas,'MetropolitanofKievandGalicia, "andcontains-accordingtoaLondon journal-animportantanthologyof essays,documents,andphotographs relatingtotheactivityoftheRussian OrthodoxChurchinwartime,aswell asthesufferingsofchurchesandcommunitiesundertheyokeoftheGermaninvaders. Thevolumeis, withoutanydoubt,themostsumptuouspublicationtocomeofftheSoviet pressessincethebeginningofhostilities. 50,000copieshavebeen printed."

TheSwissjournal,insteadofreferringtoan"obviouslypropaganda work,whichatleastshowsStalin'sdesiretoassureawidecirculationtothe losephite.viewsontherecognised Church,"preferstotakethistestimany oflessinterestedsourcessuchasforeigndiplomatsandofficerswhohave recentlycomeoutofRussia:

"Theysaythat,onthewhole,the Orthodoxclergyplaceswhatitconsidersitspatrioticdutyaboveevery otherconsideration,andiscollaboratingwiththeauthoritieswho,ontheir side,toleratereligiouslifeinthesense thatbelieverscanfinallyattendserviceswithoutfearofannoyance.At Christmas,1941,andEaster,1942.the remainingMoscowchurcheswerefilled withfaithfulandthecurfewwasliftedtopermitanumerouscrowdtoattendnightservices.OfficersandsoldiersoftheRedArmymayattend Mass.Orthodoxclergyintheservice havebeenexpresslyauthorisedtoex-

ForLongWear UseOnly

"Gibsonia" Wools...

RapprochementRumours HopesoftheRussian OrthodoxClergy

erciseuponrequesttheirpriestlyfunctions.

"Furthermore,`Bezbojnik,'organof theGodless,hasceasedtoappear-becauseofthescarcityofpaper,More discretionhasbeensuggestedtothe movementasawhole,butitsleader, Taroslaysky,alwaysoccupiesanimportantpostsomewhereintheadministration.Finally,grossblasphemies andbaseinsultstoreligionareno longerfashionableandhavedisappearedfromthepress."

TheseconcessionsnotonlyarecausingrejoicingamongtheOrthodoxin Russia,theeditorialsays,but"suffice tocausesomeoftheschismaticclergy inSerbia,'Greece,TurkeyandCzechoslovakia,andintheDiasporaofGreat Britain,theUnitedStates,andCanada,togivestrongsupporttoaidfor Russia."Also,itadds,PrimateTempleoftheAnglicanChurch,andDean JohnsonofCanterbury,anumberof clergymenandsomelaymen,suchas SirStaffordCripps,agreewithDean Johnson'sviewsthat"theRussiansare gloriouslyChristian"and"allpossible assistanceshouldbegiventhem."It alsocitesthevisionofAlexandre Blok-who"beingRussianandapoet" isentitledtovisions-avisionin whichtheRedArmywasonthemarch whensuddenlyaSoldier,untilthen invisible,appearedatitshead:"Jesus Christ,transfiguredinawhiterobe."

"CantheCatholicChurchapprove suchdis.gressionseveniftheymay havebeeninspiredbyasincereandby nomeanssacrilegioussentiment?"the Swissdailyasks."ShouldRome abandonherneutralitytotheadvantageofabelligerentwhoonlyyesterdaydisplayedsuchcoldhostilityto thewordofGod?CertainlytheHoly Seedoesnotdesirethedeathofasinner,eventheworst,andwouldrejoice athisconversion.Assuredlycertain externalsmarksofrelaxation,suchas there-establishmentofthecareof soulsforPolesinRussia,havebeen notedwithsatisfactionTheBishop

RandolphKnapp

SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN, 12ATWELLARCADE, FREMANTLE, ALBANY.

H.C.PriorFuneralDirector ALBANY(Established1921). PrivateMortuary.MotorVehicles, ChargesModerate. 'Phone215. Albany,Mt.Barker,Denmarkand Districts,

ofthePolishArmy,Msgr.Gawlina,enjoyedallfacilitiesduringhisvisitto Juibyshevandchaplainshavebeen admittedtothePolishdivisionscomposedofformerprisonerscapturedby theSoviets.Thatissomething,but notsomuch.Ifitistrue,asthey pretend,thatStalinhimselfhasdirectlyaddressedalettertoHisHoliness PapePiusXII,wouldthissufficeto effacethememoryofthousandsofBishops,Priests,andfaithfulwhowere executed,deported,andoppressed?

"FullandentirelibertyfortheCatholicChurch-alibertywhichthe Bolshevistshavenotbeenalonein denyingher-certainlyhasnotbeen re-established.Onemustwaituntil thetormenthaspassed,tobeconvincedthattherelativetoleranceoftodayisnotaphenomenonofephemeral opportunity:tobelievethat,even undertheSoviets,Christianitycanbe rebornandfloweronthe'holysoilof Russia.'"

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THE Bushies'Corner

DearCornerites,-Nextweekthe mostsolemncelebrationofallthe FeastsoftheChurchoccurs.CommencingwithPalmSunday,theChurchrecallshowthepeoplegreetedOurLord's entryintoJerusalemwithanenthusiasmwhichebbedawayalltooquickly attheinstigationoftheSanhedrin. OnHolyThursdayiscelebratedtheInstitutionoftheBlessedEucharist, WhichOurLordhadpromisedayear beforetotheJews,onlytobedeserted anddoubted.OnGoodFridayOur LordvoluntarilygaveupHislifethat wemightberansomedfromthebondageofsin.Hediedthatwemight havelifeandhaveitmoreabundantly. Atlastcomesthatmostsplendidofall days-EasterSunday-whenOurLord rosefromthedead,victoriousover deathandsin,andtheworld,proved HimselftobeVeryGod,andgaveus asurepledgeofimmortalityandan eternityofhappiness.

Weshouldalltrytoenterintothe spiritofthisannualcommemoration ofChrist'sDeathandResurrection,becausetheyarethemostvitalfactsof ourreligion.Iftheyarenottrue, nothingis.ThebestwaytounderstandthesesacredmysteriesandtoderivespiritualfruitfromthemistofollowcloselytheLiturgyoftheChurch. Itisverybeautifulandverypowerful, andthroughityouwillcometoknow thattheChurchisindeedtheMystical BodyofChrist,livingHislifeinitsful. ness,sufferingwithHiminHisagony. andguidingusalltoshareatlastin HisfinalVictory. AUNTBESSY.

LemonadeBottle

TheZoo(notS.Perth).

DearAuntBessy,-Iamreturningto vousomeofyour"Wallflowers"and£1. ThemembersoftheZoohavegiven themaverygoodtimeandwewould bedelightedtowelcomesomemoreof yourspecialpets;thatisifyoucould trustthemtoourcare.Wepromise nottokeepthemtoolongawayfrom yourtendercare.Hopingthatthe liushies'Schemewillcomeuptoyour expectationsthisyear.Withbest wishestoyouandtheBushies.-Your littlefriend,

WILLIEWAGTAIL.

DearWillieWagtail,-WhatalovelyZooyoumusthave.Thankthemall forme,please,fortheirfineworkon theWallflowers,sixmoreofwhichI

onethingworriesmeaboutyouand thatisthatyoushouldnotcontribute sooften.Peoplehaveagreatmany callsthesedaystohelp"ourlovely morningland,"andIdon'twantanyonebleedingwhiteovertheCause. AUNTBESSY.

* DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindenclosed10s.,inhonouroftheSacred Heart,OurBlessedLady.andSt.Joseph.From APARISHIONEROFQUEEN'S PARK.

DearParishionerofQueen'sPark,GodblessVOUforaconstantheartand thanksforyoursoregularhelptothe Cause.I'msuretheHolyTrinity willlistentotheBushies'prayersfor youandgrantyousomespecialbig graceforEaster AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Itisafewyears sinceyouheardfromme,andasthe L.B.isnotfillingupquicklyenough, pleaseacceptenclosed£1.Ihavea lotofusedstampsroughlytornfrom envelopes,aretheyofanyusetoyou? Withbestwishes.

O'DONNELLABOO.

DearO'DonnellAboo,-Wereally oughttohaveapartytocelebrate;our returntothefold.Iwasabsolutely thrilledtohearfromyouagain,and whatagenerousgiftyouthrewin withyourhat.IonlywishSandy wereheretojoinintherejoicings,but thepoorchapisaprisonerofwar.He triedtoteachjiu-jitsutoaTap.The usedstampswillbeveryusefulanddo writeagainsoon. AUNTBESSY.

DearAnonymous,-Yourgenerous dollarhasbeengreedilygobbledbythe LemonadeBottle.Whatanappetite

thewretchhas.Hehasbeenasking mewhoyouare,andIcouldtruthfully sayIdidn'tknow.EvenifIdidI wouldn'tdiscloseyouraddressforfear theL.B.wouldmakeanuisanceof himself.Anyhow,thanksagreatdeal foryourhelp.

AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Enclosedplease findP.N.for5sfortheBushies.Trustingyouwillsayaweeprayerformy intention. KAY.

DearKay,-Ofcourseweshallrememberyourintention.Wouldn'twe bemonstersofingratitudeifwedid notrememberallthosekindfriends withoutwhoseassistancetheScheme couldnotbecarriedonfromyearto year.Thankyoukindlyforyour help,andwillyoutrytointerestafew moreintheCorner?Duringwar-time weneedextra friends.

AUNTBESSY.

14Franklin-street,Leederville.

DearAuntBessy,-Isupposeyou arewonderingwhyIdidnotwrite.I amsendingyousomestampsandhope theywillbeofsomeuse.Ihopeyou reachyourObjectivethisyear.-Your lovingniece, ANNRODAN.

DearAnn,-Manythanksforyour letterandthestamps.Iwasnotworryingaboutyou,knowingyouwould writeatsometimeorother.StillI wasverypleasedindeedtoseeyou werestillinterestedintheCornerand watchingtheObjectivegrow.Seeif youcanfindafewmorenieces,will you? AUNTBESSY.

Sendalongthoseattractivestory booksthatyouhavenowdiscarded. TheJuvenileSectionoftheCentralCatholicLibrarywillappreciatethem,

havegladlysentyou.Idohopeyou neverhaveoccasiontogivethem beans-mostoftheanimalsprefer nuts.Theblotsonthepaperdon't worrymeascrap-itstheblotsonthe CorneriteswhohaveforgottentheCornerthatareserious.Thanksforyour goodwishesandtheexcellenttraining youaregivingthemenagerie.They maybeaskedonedaytogiveaspecial performanceintheHeavenlyCircus withyourselfleadingtheChoir. AUNTBESSY.

* * * * LakeCamin.

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindenclosedasmalldonationandafew stamps,hopingitwillbesomehelpto theBushies.Withhestwishes,and mayGodblessyourworkandthe Bushies.Withlove,from, MARGARETMcLEAN.

P.S.:Couldyoupleasesendmea prickcard?-M.M.

DearMargaret.-Thatlittleshilling fromoneofmysmallfriendswasas welcomeaspoundsfromothers.Thank youforsendingitandthestamps. TheywillbothbehelpfultotheBusbies.MyselfandtheBushieswishyou allthebestinreturn,andsendbarrowloadsoflove.Aprickcardhasbeen forwarded. AUNTBESSY.

* * *

DearAuntBessv,-Alittlethanksoffering.throughtheintercessionofSt. Anthony,for"TheRecord,"of2/7/'42. "Godblessourlovelymorningland, Australia!"andtheBusbies. AFRIEND.

DearFriend,-Thoselovelypolished coinswerea-greathelptous,and thankyousincerelyforthem.Only

TWINCURSESOF DivorceandContraception

Mr.NeedhamSlates

AttempttoWidenGroundsofDivorce

Earlyintheyear,afourthannualattemptwasmadeinthelocalLegisr'laturetoamendtheSupremeCourtActinsuchawayastowidenthe groundsofdivorce.WhereasthepreviouspresentationofasimilarBillhad beenonlynarrowlydefeated,thecomfortablemajorityagainstthepresent attemptwasdueinlargemeasuretotheuncompromisingstandtakenby Mr.E.Needham,M.L.A.Wereprintbelowhiscommentsatthesecond readingoftheBill:-

Ifmymemoryservesmearight,this isthefourthtimeinthepastfewyears thatwehavehadaBillofthisnature beforeus.Oftheothermeasures,one wasintroducedbyamemberofthe CountryParty,onebytheLeaderof theNationalParty,andthethirdby amemberofthepartyonthissideof theHouse.NowanIndependent member,theMemberforEastPerth, hasintroducedthisBill.Theobject ofeachofthosemeasureshasbeento amendthedivorcelawsandthusmake thepathtotheDivorceCourtsmootherthanitisatpresentandaccessto theCourteasier.Thehon.member enumeratedthemanygroundsalreadyexistingonwhichdivorcemay heobtained,andthroughthisBill heproposestoaddmoregrounds.The pleanowputforwardisonbehalfof awomanseparatedfromherhusband whoregularlypaysthemaintenance orderbutcannotsecureareconciliation.IfthisBillispassedforthat reason,lateronsomeothergrounds willbediscoveredandsoonadinfinitumuntilthelastremnantofthe marriagetiedisappears.Thatisthe reasonwhyIhaveconsistentlyopposedmeasuresofthisnature,havingfor theirobjectthewideningofthelaw manygroundshavebeenprovidedfor peopledesirousofseveringthemarriagetie.Iobjectonprincipleto divorce,anddonotdesiretoseethe safeguardsoftheDivorceCourtrelaxedanyfurther.

Inthiscommunityto-dayweare sufferingthetwincursesofdivorce andcontraception.Thiscommunity isnotsingularinthatregard.Unfortunately,thefactorsIhavementionedarewidespread,hutthedanger ofthoseevilsinthemoralandeconomicsensesis.tomymind,intensified duringtimeofwar.Thiscivilisation ofoursisindeadlyperil.Werealise theshortageofourmanpowertodefendit,andthemoreeasywemake theapproachtotheDivorceCourt thelessmanpowershallwehavetodefendourcountryintimeofdanger. TheBillproposestoreducethedesertionperiodtothreeyears.Thisisan additiontotheeightorninegrounds onwhichdivorcecanbeobtainedalready.AsIindicatedatthebeginningofmyspeech,thereareeightor ninegroundstoomany.Anyfurther additiontothosegroundswillbean openinvitationtopersonstoenter intopracticallyillicitsexualrelations. Unfortunately,peoplehavebecomeso accustomedtodivorcethatitisquite common.Atthesametime,although ofcommonoccurrence,divorcealwav leavesastigma.Underthelawasit nowstands,adivorcecanbegranted onlyonthegroundofseparationof theparties,iftheseparationisby orderoftheCourt,orbydeedor agreementorofseparation.Thepar-

tiesmustbeseparatedforaperiod ofthreeyearsormore,andtherespondenthusbandmusthavefailed duringthatperiodentirelyorrepeatedlyorhabituallytomakepayment oftheallowancesgrantedbytheCourt tothewife,andforanychildrenof themarriage.Thatisthepresent law,anditcanbesummarisedunder threeheadings:1,Separationbyorder oftheCourtordeedoragreement;2, Separationforaperiodofatleast threeyears:3,Failureduringthatperiodonthepartofthehusbandto maintainthewifeandanychildrenof themarriage.

Thisprovisionwasbroughtin,Iunderstand,during1925.andfromthen untilnowithasnotbeenaltered.I believethatintheattemptthenmade forfurtherrelaxationofthedivor-o: lawthatwasasfarasitwasthought propertogo.TheBillnowbeforethe House,shoulditbecomelaw,willbp anabsolutenegationoftheprinciples ofChristianmarriage.Itsimply saysthatifamarriedcouplereartin apartforthreeyears,eitherpartycan dissolvethemarriage.Thatistantamounttointroducingwhatwasonce triedinAmerica,the"companionate marriage'.'Thismeantamananda womanlivingtogetherasinmarriage, andiftheydidnotlikeeachother theycouldseparate.EveninAmericathatsystemcouldnotlastlong, Again,companionatemarriagesomewhatresemblesformsofmarriageexistingintheU.S.S.R.

ThestandItakeisthat,whilstdivorceisrecognisedinourcommunity, itshouldnotbemadeanyeasierthan itisnow.TheBill,ifTreaditcorrectly,willrenderitdifficultforman andwomantoremainboundbythe solemntieofmatrimonyiftheyhave theknowledgethatshouldtheyseparateandstayapartfortheperiodof threeyears,thebondcanhesevered. Inthatthereisadangerofcollusion. whichisforbiddenbythepresentlaw. TheprovisionsoftheBillcanbeshortlydescribedas"divorcemadeeasy." Therehastobeculpabilityoneither sideatpresent.IftheBillbecomes law,thereneednotbeanyculpability oneitherside.Allthepartiesneed doistoliveapartfromeachotherfor threeyears.Thereneedhenoorder oftheCourt,ordeedoragreement;no failurebythehusbandtopayforthe maintenanceofhiswifeandofthe children,ifany.Such,Ithink.willbe theresultsiftheBillisenacted.True, Clause3hasaprovisototheeffect-

TheSpeaker:Order!Thehon.memberisnotinorderinquotingclauses.

Mr.Needham:MayIputitthis way,Sir,thattheBillprovidesthata divorceshallnotbegrantedifitis opposedbytherespondent,whoproves thattheseparationisduetothe wrongfulactorconductofthepetition er.Thatprovisocertainlyiscon

DressedPoultry

READYFORTHEOVEN,ALWAYSAVAILABLEATMACFARLANE&CO.LTD.

48MURRAYSTREET.

'PHONES:B3777:B1438. HOTELS-CAFES-TEAROOMSSUPPLIEDBY

CREAM

"Practicallydestroys theprincipleof ChristianMarriage"

tainedintheBill,butitgiveslittleor noprotectiontothewrongedparty, andthefactofitsbeengivendoesnot inanywayinvalidatethemainobjectionIhavetothemeasure.In myopinion,thechiefobjectiontothe measureisthatitpracticallydestroys theprincipleofChristianmarriage.It allowstwopeopletoagree,beforeor aftermarriage,thatsoonerorlater theywillseparateandstayapartfor threeyears,sothateitheroneofthe twocangetthedivorce.MyconstructionofthatfeatureoftheBillis thatitamountstonothingmoreor lessthancollusion.Infact,however,evenanagreementtothisextentisnotnecessary,asisapparent whenonegivestheBillfurtheranalysis.Ifonepartytakesintohisor herheadtogoawayandstayaway forthreeyears,eitherpartycanobtainthedivorceattheendofthat period.

Itwillbeseenthatwideasisthe dooroftheCourtto-day,andsmooth theroad,thisBillwillopenthedoor stillwiderandmaketheroadtothe Courtshorterandsmoother.Under itsprovisionstheguiltypartyisentitledtoadivorce.Theprovisodoes notdefinewilfulseparationasawrongfulact.Whicheverwayonelooks attheBill,itisobjectionable.Whateverobjectionscouldhavebeenand werelodgedagainstitspredecessors, ImaintainthisBillismuchworse. Manyotherobjectionscouldbeadancedagainstit.Propertyrightsare oftenaffectedbymarriage;sometimes thepropertyrightsofathirdparty mightbeinvolved.Underthepresentlaw,Iunderstand,suchproperty isexcepted.Asettlementofpropertymightbemadeinconsideration ofoneofthetwopartiesbecoming married.Thesettlementwouldpre-

(ContinuedonPage19.1

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SIGHTTESTING BYREGISTERED

64

WhatSells

BestSellers?

WriterTellsTruthaboutModernFiction

Inthisarticleaprofessionalwriterforthesecularpressgivestheinside storyof"popular"magazinesandnewspapers.Hecallstheirfrontofvirtueabluffwhichcloaksaninsidiousevil.

Duringthepastthirty-oddyears writesH.Bedford-Jonesinthe"SundayVisitor")Ihaveearnedaliving bywritingbooksandmagazinefiction forall-ornearlyall-descriptions.

Myproductshavebeenmostcatholic, ifnotCatholic,fromchildren'sbooks tohistoricalmonographsand"redblooded"adventures.Theyhave quitefranklybeenwrittentosell.So youmayassume,Ithink,thatIknow whatI'mtalkingaboutwithinthe limitsofmyownprofession.Onewho haspublishedbetweensixtyandseventybooksshouldknowhissubject.

RecentlyIwastalkingwiththeeditiorofa"confession"magazineofsuch greatcirculationthathissalarywas closeonfiftythousanddollarsayear.

HesaidthatIcouldproduceexactly thesortof"true"storieshewantedto publish,andnamedhighpricesthatastonishedme.

"Ineedthemoney,"Isaid,"but I'vealwaysunderstoodthatyour magazinewentinforsexquiteheavily."

"No!"hecried,vehemently."On thecontrary!Weleanoverbackward beingvirtuousandpointingoutthe wagesofsin!"

TheWagesofSin.

Methoughthedidprotesttoomuch, andIinvestigatedtheprofferedmarket.This"front"ofvirtuewas strictlyabluff.\Vhatwaswanted wasa"true"confessionwhichwould haveamoral;andonthewaytothat moral,wouldsodetailthedelightsof passionastoleavemightylittletothe imagination.Further,eachstoryhad tobe"true,"accompaniedbyanaffidavittothateffectfromtheauthor, orasignedstatement.

Ifound,further,thatmanywellmeaningwomenandmenwritersofthe toprankwereturningoutthesesame "true"relations,eitheranonymously orundernoms-de-plume.Theywell might.Thepricepaidbythatparticularmagazineforonesuchstoryis morethantheaverageparishpriestreceivesforanentireyear'slabour.Read thatsentenceagain,friends:itmeans something.Itisstrictlytrue,andit containssomethought-provokingimplications.

ThoughtChurchWasFussyOld Woman.

Why,youask,dosuchmagazines maintainthisfrontofvirtuousintention?Simplyinorderthattheymay notbebannedfromthemailsand fromthehomes.Awolfinsheep's clothinggetsalongmuchmore7oni. fortably,youknow.

I'mnocampaignerforuplift,butI dothinkthatCatholicreadersough:, tobetoldsomethingsbylaymenwho know,inregardtotheChurch'scampaignagainstimmoralliteraturethat floodsthenews-stands.Letmebe honest:IusedtothinktheChurch waslikeafussyoldwomaninthis respect.Buttheyearshavetaught methevalueofthoughtsandofwords, andtheirillimitablescopeandpowcrandthereasonandnecessityr)rsuch acampaign.

Mytypewriterpouredoutamillion ortwomillionwordsperyearinto*his

floodoffiction.Iflattermy:: noneofithurtyou,ifyoureadit.In timesofneedmanyflatteringoffers havebeen,andstillare,madetometo goinforrealism.Ihavenodoubt thathadIdoneso,to-daywouldfind mefartheradvancedinreputationand bankcredits.Still,Iameatingregularlyifnotluxuriously,andnoneof mystorieshastobedisownedorhiddenawayfrommychildren.

Itisquiteeasytogetabookpublishedprovidedittouchesuponsome popularthemeandthenincludes enoughsordidscenestogetittalked about.Thisisfact,notexaggeration.

D.H.Lawrencebecamefamedasan "artist"becausehewroteaboutwords thatdonotenterintopoliteconversation,andhereisaveryimportant point.

Whydonotsuchwordsenterinto politeconversations?Theydealwith humanfactstowhichnoneofusare blindorimmune.Thean.e---issimplybecausewehaveadvancedtoa higherstandardofculturalvalues thanthosewhoseconversationdeals withsuchthemes.Tofin'suchdiscussionspublishedinabook,then,is ashockingthing;andthemoney-mad foolswhopublishsuchbooksatenor mousprofitsthinkitartistictodrag suchscribblingsintothedrawing-room.

Thereisaverypopularwoman's magazine-andverywealthy-whose editorwasdiscussingwithmehis needsinfiction.Therewasonlyone thingIshouldremember:makemy femalecharacters"sophisticated,"he said.Inotherwords,sexuallyprovocative.

Magazinesdonotadmitthatsuch aretheirprinciples.Theycryoutto highheavenagainsttheintolerance andinjusticeoftheChurchinbanning them.Andtheyareliars.

WorkoftheEvilSpirit.

OnethingCatholicismhasincommonwithnearlyallthereligionsof earth-abeliefinangelsanddevils,in spiritsofgoodandofevil.Sofundamentalandwidespreadabeliefisof necessityfoundedonavitaltruth, andpersonallyIthinkofmuchofour present-clayliteratureasbeinganemanationofevilspirits.Imeanthis quiteliterally,inamatter-of-factway.

WereItowriteapopulartaleof adulteryorincestorillicitlove-who wouldwriteitinreality?NotI;my brainisaphysicalthing.puttinginto wordsthepromptingsofthemind andsoul.Notsomegoodspirit,inspiringmewithsuchthoughts,certainly.Itcouldbetheworkonlyof anevilspiritseekingtheruinfsouls -andifyoudonotbelievethisyou hadbetterpaymoreattentiontothe prayersfollowingMass.

No,myfriends;hereisoneprofessionalwriterwhovoicesnoshriek thatthefreedomofthoughtandof thepressisassailedbythecampaign oftheChurchagainstvileliterature. Rather,sayI,Godfurtherit! ,And toyouotherwriterswhoseeksuccess, letmegiveasimpleandefficacious prescriptiontoinstilintoeachoneof yourstories:dosoandyoucannotfail. Hereitis,intwowords-BeNoble.

GAYNOR'SHISMAJESTY'SHOTEL

HAYSTREET

EXCELLENTCUISINE PERTH. MODERATETARIFF.

TWINCURSESOF Divorce

(ContinuedfromPage18.1

andContraception

,houlilhesitatebeforeitpassessuch ameasure.

supposeagenuinemarriage,whereas infactbypre-arrangementtheparties couldgetmarriedwithoutanyrealintentionofremaininginthatstate. Thereisyetanotherseriousobjection tothemeasure.Itis,Iunderstand, avitalprincipleofdivorcelawthat thereshouldbenocollusionbetween theparties.Theremustbetheguilt ofadultery,habitualdrunkenness,imprisonment,wilfuldesertion,andfailuretomaintain.ShouldtheCourt suspectthatthepartiestodivorce proceedingshadconspiredtogether andframedacase,itcould,uponproof, refuseadivorce.Ifadivorcewere grantedastheresultofsuchaction, anditwassubsequentlyprovedthat therehadbeencollusion,thenthe Crowncouldinterveneandhavethe decreeobtainedfromtheCourtset aside.ThisBillwillleavethedoor wideopenforcollusionandtheHouse

Those,briefly,aremyobjectionsto themeasure,andIhopethesecond readingofthisBillwillmeetthesame fateasdiditspredecessors.Weare livinginabnormaltimesandourduty is,asfaraspossible,nottoslacken lawsrelatingtothemoralsofourpeople,but,onthecontrary,totighten themup.Sincethisworld-widestrugglebegan,wehavehadampleevidenceinourcityanditssuburbsof thenecessityfortighteninguplawsso thatouryoungpeoplemayhekept,as faraspossible,onthepathofmoral rectitude.Thatbeingso,thereisall themorenecessityforustobeparticularlyanxioustopreservethesanctity ofthemarriagetie.Wearenotgoing toremedythepresentstateofaffairs byeasydivorcelaws.Rather,byso doing,arewegoingtoaddtoour troubles.IsincerelyhopetheBill willbedefeatedonthesecondreading.

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OfficialOrganoftheArchdioceseofPerth ESTABLISHED1874

FalseTheoriesofEducation

Inthefaceoftheconstantlychangingstandardsofourtime,itisvery importantthatCatholicsshouldhave correctideasontheChurch'sprinciiies inthematterofeducation.Bertrand Russell,whois,perhaps,themos*outspokenadvocateofanti-Christianedu-

MOSTREV.DR.J.D.

cation,remarkedthat theoriesof educationare,intlicf.nalanalysis,dependentontheviewsoneholdsabout thedogmaoforiginalsin.Thoughthis istheopinionofaveryaggressiveneopagan,Ifindmyselfinagreementwith it.Itispreciselyourviewsaboutthe natureanddestinyofthechildthat separatetheCatholicconceptofeducationfromthenaturalisticsystemsthat areclamouringsoloudlyto-dayfor acceptance.

IntheUnitedStatesofAmericathe influenceofJohnDeweyineducation isadominatingone,andhisinfluence isbeingincreasinglyfeltinAustralia, outsideoftheCatholicschools.His conceptofthefunctionofeducationis colouredbyacompletelyunspiritual viewofthechild.Redemption,salva-

tion,graceandtheworkoftheCliv:n forthespiritualelevationoftheindividualarescornfullyexclud'dfrom thephilosophyofeducationtaughtby Dewey,whosaysthattheoutworn "ideasofthesoulanditsdestinyhave beenmadeimpossibleforthecultivatedmindoftheWesternworld."Philosophersandscientistshavelaboured withconsiderablesuccesstoconvince theeducatorsthatthechildisnota spiritualbeingwithasupernaturaldestinybutismerelyagraduateape, whosecharacterislargelytheresultof abundleofinheritedinstinctsandconditionalreflexes.

Thisconceptofmanisfastbecoming dominantamongsttheleadingexponentsofeducationaltheoryandpractice.Wemustbeundernoillusions abouttheradicaloppositionbetween thephilosophyandtheCatholicteachingoneducation.Ourteachersmust bewareofeveryattempttocompromise withtheerrorofnaturalism.Pope PiusXIhastaughtusthattheproper andimmediateendofChristianeducationis''toco-operatewithdivinegrace informingthetrueandperfectChristian;thatis,toformChristHimself inthoseregeneratedbybaptism. HencetheproductofChristianeducationisthesupernaturalman,who thinks,judgesandactsconstantlyand consistentlyaccordingtorightreason, illuminatedbythesupernaturallight oftheteachingandexampleofChrist. Inotherwords,tousethecurrentterm, itisthetrueandfinishedmanof character."

Sinceeverybaptisedchildisachild ofGod,itsprimaryendisnottoobtainagoodpositioninsociety,butto attaintothebeatificvisionofGodin eternity.Thereforetheteachingand thepracticeofreligionmustbebrought intoasclosearelationaspossiblewith everyphaseofordinarysecularlearningateachstageofthechild'sgrowth inknowledge.Henceanycompromise withthedominantsecularoutlookthat wouldrelegatereligioustrainingtothe levelofamerelyoptionalorsuperaddedsubjectinthecurriculumisa betrayaloftheprincipleslaiddown bythePope.Thesupernaturalvalues mustbemadetoinfluencetheformationofallthechild'sideas,otherwise hewillnotdevelopatrulyChristian mind.

PATRONISEOURADVERTISERS. BASSENDEANBAKERY

*NativeManpowerin (ContinuedfromFrontCover./ MoroccanSpahis,etc.TheseMoroccantroopsareaheadachefortheir commandingofficersinpeace,and theirdelightinwar,becausetheMoroccanhasananarchicturnofmind anddoesnottakewelltogarrisondiscipline;butheinstinctivelyknows whattodoateveryturninacombat.

Hemustbestoppedfromremoving thesightsfromhisriflesbecausehe thinks'theyareintheway."But evenwithasightlessgunhehassuch keeneyes,steadyhandsandsteel nervesthatheseldommisseshismark atlessthanathousandyards.Me chanicallyinclined,hehandlesmachineguns,flamethrowersandtrench mortarswell.Heisanefficienthandgrenadethrower,andheinvariably senseswheretheenemywilllaunch theirmainattack,andwhichpoints oftheenemyarrayareliabletoprove weakest.

OntopofthattheMoroccanisonly stoppedbydeathontheattack.In defence,heneverknowswhenheis licked.MarshalFochusedtosay, "Wheneverasituationbecomesdesperate,senduptheMoors."TheMoroccantribesarebasicallyBerber,but notethnicallyuniform.TheEastern Riffsareveryfair-ruddy,withblue orgreyeyesandredbeardsforthe greaterpart.TheWesternRiffsare partlyArabs,anddarkercomplexioned.TheChleus,whostubbornlyresistedtheFrenchuntil1934,presenta mixtureofbothtypes.TheremainderoftheMoroccantribesmenareof prevalentlyBerbertstock-likethe

NorthAfricanCampaign

Riffsinbodilyshape,butwithdarker beardsasarule.

DisliketheGermans.

InthepasttheMoroccanSultanimportedgreatnumbersofNegromercenaries.Afterthebreakdownofthe Sultan'sauthorityintheinterior,these Negroessettledassub-tribesofvariousMoroccanconfederationsoftribes. ThustheveryfairBeniAmart,Beni UrriaghelandBeniTuzinincludeseveralall-Berbersub-tribes,andalesser numberofNegroauxiliarytribes,who fightattheirsideiftheneedarisesbut whoarenotallowedtointermarrywith them.

TheMoroccancommunityisessentiallyagriculturalandpastoral.It recogniseslocalwrittenlaws,hasa nominalchiefwithoutmuchauthority, acouncilofeldersendowedwithadvisoryratherthanlaw-enforcingpowers.TheMoroccanhillmendidn'texactlywelcometheadventofthe French,buttheydisliketheGermans evenmore,becausetheirturnofmind istheoppositeoftheGermanone,and becausethebattalionsoftheForeign Legion,whichmakesupthebackbone ofthetroopswhobroketheirresistance,werecomposedmostlyofGerman soldiersandnon-cornsunderFrench officers,andunderforeignofficersof allnationalities.Ontheotherhand. theMoroccanswhohavebeeninthe UnitedStateshavereturnedtotheir nativehillswithglowingtalesofAmericanwondersandgenerosity. So thatactuallyAmericaistheKuminationmostpopularandrespectedin Morocco.

Requiescat44inPace W.

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