The Record Newspaper 04 June 1942

C.W.O.INITIATIVEATFREMANTLE

ChurchParadeatOfficialOpening, Sunday,duneI

ThenewC.W.O.DepotforAlliedServiceMenwillbeopenedbyHisGrace theArchbishoponSundaynext.His Gracewillcelebratethe9o'clockMass inSt.Patrick's,Fremantle,andConfessionswillbeheardforanhourpreviouslyItisanticipatedthatavery largenumberofAlliedServiceMen willreceiveHolyCommunion.FollowingMass,aCommunionBreakfast willbeheldintheDepot.Owingto thelargenumberofServicemenanticipated,itwillbenecessarytocon. fineattendanceatthebreakfastto themalone.Duringthebreakfast, HisGracetheArchbishopwilldeclare theDepotofficiallyopen.Nofinancialappealwhateverwillbemadeon thisoccasion.

whichTheCatholicWelfareOrganisation, iswellandfavourablyknown throughtheHutsitmaintainsinthe NorthamandMelvilleMilitaryCamps, hasnowcompletedarrangementsfor theopeningofaDepotfortheAllied ArmedForcesinFremantle.TheParishHallhasbeenmadeavailablefor thispurpose,andwiththeconsiderablerenovationsandadditionalelectricalinstalationswillnowmakea verycomfortablecentreforthemenof theArmedForces.Allexpensesconnectedwiththerepairsandrenewals, amountingtoover£200,hasbeenpaid outoftheC.W.O.funds.Abuffetfor theprovisionofmealshasalsobeen arranged,and,aftertheofficialopening,specialdancenightswillbeheld at SundaytheDepoteveryWednesdayand evenings. Thestaffingofthebuffetwillbe undertakenbytheC.W.O.Auxiliary whichisalreadyengagedinvisitationanddistributionofcomfortsin MilitaryHospitalsandinstaffingthe publicbuffetsinturn).Theseladies willalsoactashostessesanddancing partnersatthebi-weeklydancesat theFremantleDepot,whichwillbe

conductedunderthesupervisionof thePortChaplain,Rev.FatherD. Breslin,0.M.I.,R.A.N.V.R.

TheFremantleDepotwillbeconductedalongsimilarlinestothoseof theotherC.W.O.Huts,whichhave provedsopopularwiththetroops.The

aimistoprovideaquietrecreational centre,wherethemenmayread,write,listenintothewireless,orplayindoorgamesincomfortduringthe daytime.Theeveningmaybeoccupiedindancing,communitysinging, etc.Inaword,everyendeavourwill

Americans "b

LieutrChaplainMasin,oftheU.S. Army,respondingtothewelcomegiventoUnitedStatesvisitorsatthe CommunionbreakfastoftheBrunswickandCoburg(Melbourne)group oftheCatholicWarVeteransonAnzac Day,rousedgreatenthusiasmbyreferringto"brothers,notcousin,Americans."

"Webrother,notcousin,Americans,"hesaid,amidagreatburstof applause,"feeldeeplywithyouthe sentimentswhichthisdayarebound tostirwithinyourhearts.Wehope thatasthedaysgoby,weinyour midst,and,throughus,the130,000,000 Americansbackhomeinourbeloved UnitedStates,willsharemoreextensivelyandmorethoroughlyinyour joysaswellasyoursorrows;inyour extensionofvitality;intheconcrete awarenessofyourwell-being.We likewiseexpressthedesirethatthis feelingoffriendshipandunderstandingbemutuallyreciprocated.

"Intheominousthunderofthe drumsofwarresoundingthroughout theworld,wepauseto-daytopaytributetothosemenwholaiddowntheir

livesinthedefenceoftheircountry inthelastWorldWar.Overbroad fieldsnowreposingfromtheirlabours, overthemightymountainsdimlytoweringinthedistance,fromoutthe gravesstrewnovermanylands,their spirithovers,anddimlyyetreassuringlycometheirvoices,'Wegaveup allforGodandcountry.'Itisfitting, therefore,thatwesetthisdayasideto paythemtribute;tolaudtheirbravery;toprayforthereposeoftheir souls;topledgetothemanundying assurancethattheprinciplesforwhich theyfoughtanddiedwillneverbe givenup,butwillbefoughtfor,even astheyarenow;willbediedfor,even asthousandsarelayingdowntheir livesatthishour,forliberty,justice, andthepursuitofhappinessofallmen.

PrivilegetoFightSidebySide.

"WeAmericanshavealwaysregard- editasanunusualfavourtohavehad theprivilegetofightsidebysidewith theundauntedandheroicmenofAustraliainthelastworldstruggle.We areproudandhappytofightsideby sidewiththeminthepresentcrisis

hemadetosupplysomethingofthe homeatmospherewhichthetroops mostmiss.Allfacilitiesrequiredfor thesepurposeswillbeprovidedbythe C.W.O.,whichwillalsodefrayallexpensesconnectedwiththemaintenanceoftheDepotandtheBuffet. againstacommonfoe,whoactswithoutsense,withoutconstraint,and withoutshameinabloodypanorama thatwasgottenupforthebenefitof theirownselvesandtheirficklepride, withultimateruinanddestructionfor theircountryandfellow-men.Buttoday,inmemoryoftheWorldWar dead,letuspassovertheconsiderationofthese'lordsgreatonlyinthat strangespell,aname,'theirfollyand theircrimes.

"Thereisnodoubtthatthoseof youwhohavesufferedthelossofone belovedbyyouinthelastwarfeel somewhatbitter.Perhapssorrowand tribulationtearatyourheartsto-day.Butrememberthatsufferingisnot necessarilyanevil,nomatterwhat formofcrossordisappointmentitmay takeinlife.Itcaneasilybegoodfor thesufferer.Lackofitcanleavehim softandundeveloped,withthesame effectsaslackofconditioningin Torts.Amanwhohasneversuffered lacksthatstabilityandpoisethatindicatesstrengthandmaturity.A certainamountofsufferingisnecessaryineveryman'slife.Lookaround you,especiallyatcertainadultswho haveweatheredstormsandadversity.

(ContinuedonPage10.)

RegisteredattheG.P.O.,Perth,fortransmissionbypostasanewspaper.

TheQuestionofChurchAttendance,andthe "Secular"'ViewofSunday DoctrineoftheRealPresenceAgain

DoCatholicsWorshipImagesofMenandWomen?

WhatdidChristmeanby saying"TheFatherisgreater thanI"

"Curious,"Sydney:

Q.:IencloseanarticleonSundayobservance,writtenbytheRev.Alan Tory,andpublishedinthe"Herald" ofApril23.

R.:TheRev.AlanToryisaProtestantminister,attachedtoSt.Stephen'sPresbyterianChurchinSydney. Oneshouldnotbesurprised,therefore,tofindhimwritingfromtheProtestantviewpoint.ButIagreethat hedoesmanifestanastonishingconfusionofthoughtinthepassagesyou haveindicated.

Q.:Wouldyou,please,commenton thesectionsIhavemarked,and whichIfindverypuzzling?

R.:Iwilldoso,gratefulthatyoudo notwantmetodiscussthewholeartic:e,whichisratherlong, CHURCHATTENDANCE.

Q.:Mr.Torysaysthatitisdoubtful ifmorethanatenthofthepopulationofthiscountryattendtheworshipofourChurches.

R.:AsaProtestantminister,Mr. ToryprobablyhadinmindtheProtestantchurches.ForitisawellknownfactthatCatholicsattendtheir churches,fillingthemfourandfive timesoveronSundaymorningsat Mass.Howevertheymayexplainit, Protestants,themselves,admitthat Catholicshaveafargreatersenseof dutywherechurch-attendanceisconcernedthantheythemselves.One cansaywithoutexaggerationthatitis theruleforCatholicstoattendchurch onSundays,whilstitistherulethat themajorityofprofessingProtestants donotdoso.Yet,strangely,Mr. Toryoverlooksthisdistinctionbetween ProtestantsandCatholicswhenhe speaksof"atenthofthepopulation ofthiscountry."Heshouldhave said,"atenthoftheProtestantpopulationofthiscountry."TheCatholic Churchcannotbetreatedasifitwere simplynon-existentinourmidst.

* *

THEPURITANCONCEPT.

licmindforMr.Torytospeakofthe attitudeof"theChristianChurch" withoutmakinganyallowanceforthe differencesbetweentheCatholic ChurchandtheProtestantChurches, andwithnoreferencetotheunique positionoftheCatholicChurch.

DUTYOFWORSHIP.

Q.:Mr.TorydeclaresthatthesecularistandtheChristiandifferinthat theChristianbelievesthatthecentreofgravityofthedayofrest mustbeworship,andthatitsother activitiesmustbereconcilablewith worship. R.IngivingtheChristianview Mr.TorygivestheCatholicview,not theProtestantview,withstillgreater confusionasaconsequence.Isay thatitisnottheProtestantview.For,

onhisownadmission,ninetypercent. ofProtestantsdonottakethatview. Theyneitherattendworshipnorbelievethatworshipmustbethecentre ofgravityaroundwhichSunday shouldbebuilt.Again,inusingthe word"must,"Mr.Toryintroducesthe ideaofdutyandofobligation.Now, everyoneknowsthat,intheCatholic Church,attendanceatworshipon Sundayisamatterofobligation.All Catholicsknowthattheymustassist atMassonthatday.Butithasbeen thecustomwithProtestantstoattack theCatholicChurchpreciselyorthe scorethatshemakesattendanceat worshiponSundaysamatterofobligation.TheaveragePratestant gloriesinthefactthat,whilstCatholics havetogotoMassonSundays,Protestantshaven'tgot.toattendtheir churches.AndtheaverageProtestantcertainlywouldnotsubscribeto Mr.Tory'sassertionthatthecentral actofSundaymustbeattendanceat divineworship.Forhimthatis quiteanoptionalmatter;andhe wouldregardtheideaofobligation underpenaltyofsin,andofoffending God,asanideapropertotheCatholic religion,andnottoanyformofProtestantism.

Imaginationand

"Waiting,"Crow'sNest,N.S.W.:

Q.:Itisimpossibletoacceptthe

words,"ThisisMyBody,"inaliteralsense,asCatholicsdointheir doctrineoftheRealPresenceof ChristintheEucharist.

theEucharist

theconsecrationoftheEucharist.By anexerciseofHisdivinepowerHe changedthesubstanceofthebread intothesubstanceofHisBody,leavingthequalitiesofthebreadunchanged.AndHeexpectedHisdisciplestobelieveinthisconversionof thebreadintoHisBody,notthrough anyevidenceperceivedbytheirsenses, butbyfaithinHimself.

EUCHARISTNOTAMIRACLE.

Q.:Whereisthemiracleinthecaseof theEucharist?

Q.:SpeakingofthestrictPuritanconceptionoftheSabbath,hesaysthat thishasbeenrejectedexplicitlyby thesecularist,andimplicitlybythe ChristianChurch. R.:Thesecularistrejectsmorethan thePuritanicalexaggerationsintroducedbyardent,unbalancedProtestants.ForthesecularistrejectsallreligioussignificanceattachedtoSunday. Mr.Tory'sfurtherremarkthatthe Puritanconcept,explicitlyrejectedby theChristianChurch,cannotbeacceptedasanexactstatement.Tobe exact,onemustsaythattheCatholic Churchhasalwaysexplicitlyrejected thePuritanconcept.OftheProtestantChurches,somehaveimplicitly abandoneditbyquietlynotinsisting onrigidrulestheyoncethoughtessential,whilstotherProtestantChurchesstillstandexplicitlyforthePuritanspirit.Itisconfusingtothepub-

R.:Youmean,ofcourse,thatyou believetheacceptanceofsuchaloc. trinetobeimpossibleinthelightof Scriptureandofreason.Inreality, allthedifficultiesurgedinyourletter arebased,notuponreason,butupon theimagination.Yourebelagainst accepting,onthewordofChrist,somethingthatyoucan'timagineHewould orcoulddo.Thatisyourchief difficulty.YouhavefaithinChrist, butwithlimits.Andyourappeals toSacredScripturereadlikeakind ofafter-thought,asthoughyousought thereforpassagesyoucouldmaketo fitinwithvourpreconceived ideas. Butnoneofthepassages,asamatter offact,hasanyrealbearingonthe subject.ThatIhaveshowninprevioustalks;andthatImustshow againto-night.

MEANINGOFMIRACLES.

Q.:WhenmyLordwroughtamiracle, therewasalwaysanotablechange inthepersonorobjectoperated upon.

R.:Inthesenseinwhichyouare usingthewordmiracle,thatistrue. ButnomiracleoccursintheEucharist accordingtothesenseyouhavein mind.Soit'snouseobjectingthat thechangewhichoccursintheEucharisthasnotthecharacteristicsof amiracleinthatsense.Letmeexplainthismatter.Theword"miracle"comesfromtheLatinword "mirari"-tobeastonished.Itisreservedforanextraordinaryevent whichweperceivebyoursenses,but forwhichnonaturalforcescanac-

count.Now,thechangingofthesubstanceofthebreadintothesubstance ofOurLord'sBody,whichoccursin theEucharistatthemomentofconsecration,isnotperceivedbyour senses,andisnotmeanttobeperceivedbyoursenses.Thatchange, therefore,doesnotcomeunderthedefinitionofamiracle.Itisasupernaturalchangewhichweknowto occur,notbysensibleperception,but byfaithinthewordofChrist.So, forexample,whenChristsaidtothe mansickofthepalsy,"Son,thysins areforgiventhee,'itwasasupernaturalact,butitwasnotamiracle. FaithinChristalonecouldgivecertaintythattheman'ssinswereforgiven.Therewasnoexternalevidenceofthefact.Butthosewhohad nofaithinChristobjected.TheyaccusedChristofblasphemyindaring toclaimdivinepower.Then,to provethatHehadthedivinepower, Christwroughtamiraclebeforetheir eyesbycuringtheman,tellinghim toarise,takeuphisbed,andwalk. Andtheparalyticdidso.

THEMIRACLEATCANA.

Q.:WhenOurLordchangedthewater intowine,Hedidnottelltheweddinggueststhatitwouldstilllook likewater,andtastelikewater,but thatitwouldbereallywine.No. Theyknewbythetasteandother qualitiesthatitwasagoodwine. R.:InthiscaseChristintendedto performamiracleinthestrictsenseof theword.ThechangeHewrought was,therefore,anastonishingmanifestationofHispowerperceptibletothe senses.Notonlythesubstance,therefore,buttheexternalqualitieswhich aretheobjectofsense-perception werealsochanged.ButHehadno intentionofperformingamiraclein

R.:AstheCatholicChurchdoesnot claimthatanymiracleinthetechnical senseofthetermoccursattheconsecrationoftheEucharist,yourquestionisreallymeaningless.YoucannotargueagainstCatholicdoctrine becausenomiracleisevidentwhereno miracleissupposedtobeevident.You maysay,"Well,whenChristexercised Hissupernaturalpowerbyforgiving thesinsoftheparalytic,Hewrought anevidentmiracletoproveHispower tothosewhodoubted."Butwhen, bysupernaturalpower,Hechanged thesubstanceofthebreadintothe substanceofHisBody,Hewasnot surroundedbydoubters.HewassurroundedbyHisdisciples.Theyhad witnessedmorethanenoughmiracles earliertojustifytheirfaithinHim. Aboveallwhen,asrecordedinthe sixthchapterofSt.John'sGospel,He hadpromisedthatthebreadHewould givewouldbeHisveryflesh,theyhad witnessedthemiracleofthemultiplicationoftheloaves;andwhereothers hadsaidofHispromise,"Thisisa hardsaying:whocanhearit?"and walkednomorewithHim,theApostlesstayed,andmadetheiractoffaith thenandthereinthefuturegift.And inthelightofthatfaiththeyaccepted HiswordsattheLastSupper,"Thi. isMy.Body,"justasCatholicsdotoday,

THECHARGEOFMAGIC.

Q.:Butyoupriests,afteryouhave gonethroughtheregularformula, andsaidthemagicwords,"Hocest corpusmeum,"mustadmitthatthe biscuitstilllookslikebiscuit,smells likebiscuit,andtasteslikebiscuit.

R.:Youdonotdojusticetoyourself,asonewhobelievesinChrist,and lovesChrist,byindulginginsarcasm andirreverenceworthyofsomemockingunbeliever.Inaprevioussession Icommentedonyouruseoftheword biscuitinsteadofbread,whichadds nothingofvaluetothepointyou wishtomakeintheseriousmatterwe arediscussing.Nordoyounowadd weighttoyourcontentionsbygiving OurLord'swords,"ThisisMyBody," intheLatin,"Hocestcorpusmeum," andsneeringlycallingthemmagic words.Innosensecantheterm "magic"beusedinconnectionwith theCatholicdoctrineonthissubject. Amagicianclaimstobeabletoperformastonishingthingsbyhisown innateandpurelyhumanpowers,or bythehelpofevilspirits.Now.accordingtoCatholicdoctrine,nopriest claimsthatthewordsofconsecration attaintheireffectbyanymerelyhumannowerspropertohimself,orby anysupernaturalpowerotherthan thatofChrist.Inotherwords,accordingtoCatholicdoctrine,Christ HimselfexercisesHisowndivine

powerthroughthepriestasaninstrumentthatHeexercisedpersonallyand immediatelyattheLastSupper.The Catholicdoctrineissuch,therefore, thatanychargeofmagicagainstit becomesachargeofmagicagainst ChristHimself,andwouldapplyto everysupernaturalaction.Heeverperformed.Ofcourse,youdidnotrealisethis,oryouwouldneverhavewrittenasyouhavedone.Asregards yourremarkthat,aftertheconsecration,thepriestmustadmitthatthe breadstilllookslikebreadandtastes likebread,Icanonlyreplythat,of course,thatisthecase.Itwouldbe averysurprisingthingifsuchwere

ImageWorship

N.Munro,Sydney:

Q.:DoesthestatementinDeut.IV., 16-24,forbidtheworshippingof images?

R.:Yes.

Q.:Why,then,doCatholicsworship imagesofmenandwomen?

R.:Theydunot;andtheirreligion strictlyforbidsthemtodoso.The CatholicChurchwouldbeveryfoolish toteachherpeople,"TheLordthy Godshaltthouadore,andHimonly shaltthouserve,"andthenturnround andtellthemtoadoreandworship images!Ifshedidthat,noreasonablepersoncouldeitherbecomeaCatholic,orremainaCatholic.

DIVINITYOFCHRIST.

Q.:HowdoyoureconcilethestatementofPaulinI.,Cor.,XV.,28,with yourviewthatJesusChristisequal withGod?

R.Theverseyoumentionreadsas follows:"Andwhenallthingsshallbe subdueduntoHim,thenshalltheSon alsobesubjectuntoHimthatputall thingsunderHim,thatGodmaybeall inall."Now,thosewordsinnoway conflictwiththedoctrinethatChristis equallyGodwiththeFatherandthe HolySpirit.Tounderstandthisitis importanttokeepinmindthatthe EternalWord,whowasGod,wasmade fleshanddweltamongstus.TheEternalSonofGod,withoutceasingtobe God,unitedHimselfwithhumanityin ordertounitehumanitytoGod.Christ, therefore,wasbothGodandman.As God,Hecouldsay,"IandtheFather areone:"asman,Hecouldsay,"The Fatherisgreaterthan1''Itwasin HishumanitythatHereconciledman withGod.Manneededreconciliationbecausehehadrebelledagainst God'spurposes.Hemustbebrought intosubjectiontoGod'swill.This willbeaccomplishedthrough,with, andinChrist.Ourhumanity,by beingblendedwithorincorporatedin thehumanityofChristwillbeasperfectlysubduedasHishumanityto HisownDivinity.So,intheharmonyofheaven,therewillbeaperfect adaptationofallthings,allelsebeing submittedthroughandwiththehumanityofChristtoGod,Whowillbe allinall.St.Paul'sreferencetothe SonHimselfbeingsubjecttoGodconcernsChristastheSonofMan,and notinvirtueoftheDivinityHeequallyshareswiththeFather.

THE"THREEWITNESSTEXT.'

Q.:InquotingI.,Jn.,V.,7,tosupport thedoctrineoftheTrinity,areyou

notthecase. ForCatholicdoctrine teaches,asIhavealreadyexplainedto you,thatthesubstanceofthebread onlyischangedintothesubstanceof theBodyofChrist,whilstallthequalitiesofthebreadremainastheywere. Andthosequalitiesgiverisetothe samesense-perceptionsaftertheCon secrationasbefore.Onewhowishes todisprovetheCatholicdoctrine wouldhavetoprovethatitisimpossibleevenforGodtochangeshesubstanceofthebreadintoanothersubstance,withoutchangingtheexternal qualitiesofthebread.Butneither scientifically,norphilosophically,can thateverbeproved.

notusingaversereputedtobean interpolation?

R Ididnotquotethatverseas scripturalproofoftheTrinity;andno onehaseverheardmedoso. 1am wellaware,asyousay,thatitismost probablyaninterpolationwhichhas creptintolatercopiesofSt.John's epistle,andwhichwasnotintheoriginal.Theverseruns:"Forthereare threethatbearrecordinheaven,the Father,theWord,andtheHolyGhost; andthesethreeareone."AsIhave said,however,knowingtheauthentic ityofthatversetobedoubtful,Ihave alwaysrefusedtouseitasascriptural argumentfortheTrinity.Possibly theverseoriginatedasamarginal noteinsomeveryearlymanuscript,a latercopyistmistakenlytranscribing itintothetext.AtmostIwould regardtheverseasanindicat'onthat Christiansintheveryearlytimes whenthosewordsfirstappearedheld exactlythesamedoctrineoftheTrinityasorthodoxChristiansto-lay

Q.:Thisverseisnotcontainedinany Greekmanuscriptwhichwaswritten earlierthanthefifthcentury.

R.:Thereisapossibilitythatit founditswayintotheGreekmanuscriptsfromastillearlierLatinmanuscript;andareferencetotheverse appearsinthewritingsofSt.Cyprian. wholivedinthethirdcentury.However,thatisimmaterial,fortheverse isnotusedasindisputablescriptural proofoftheTrinity,asyouhave wronglysupposed.Nordoesproofof theTrinityrequiretheuseofthattext.

* * *

PROOFOFTHETRINITY.

Q.:Itistheonlypassageinthewhole oftheBiblethatgivesthedoctrine support.

R.:Inthatyouareagainmistaken. LeavingalltheEpistlesononeside,we findthedoctrineoftheTrinitytaught mustclearlyintheGospels.TheGospelsarefoundedthroughoutonthe doctrineoftheTrinity,andonthe greatfactsoftheincarnationofthe EternalSon,andoftheworkofthe HolySpirit.Whenallthepassages referringtoeachoftheDivinePersons areputtogether,thedoctrineofthe Trinity-emergesastheonlyintelligible explanationofthem.Andallthese passagesculminateinthegreatcommissiongivenbyChristtoHisApostles,"Go,teachallnations,baptising theminthenameoftheFather,and oftheSon,andoftheHolyGhost." ThereallthreePersonsarementioned asofequaldignityandauthority,clearlyestablishingtheChristiandoctrine oftheTrinity.

IsMaryinHeaven?

HewdoyouknowtheVirginMaryis inheavenyet?

Iwillreplytothatquestionas ChristrepliedtoHisadversarieson anothermatter.Doyouremember howthechiefpriestssaidtoHim oneday,"Tellusbywhatauthority Thoudostthesethings?"andHereplied,"Answermeonequestion,and thenIwilltellyou.Thebaptismof John,whencewasit,fromheavenor fromearth?"Theywouldnotanswer. Nowletmeaskyouaquestion.IftheVirginMaryisnotin heavenyet,whereisshe?Willyou suggestthatOurSaviourdidnotsave HisownMother,andthatsheisin hell?Or,ifyouwon'tadmitthat, willyousuggestthatsheisnotin heavenyetbecausesheisstillinpurgatory?Iknowthattheveryword purgatorygivesyoutheshivers.However,youcantakeyourchoiceofthe alternativesIhaveputbeforeyou.

* * *

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PRAYINGTOMARY.

TellmewhereOurBlessedLordtold ustopraytoHismother. ThatyoucanspeakofChristas "OurBlesedLord"givesmesomehope foryou,andmakesitimpossiblefor menottoforgiveatonceanyinsulting

wordsyouuseconcerningmyself.I loveOurLordenoughtoknowthatif youloveHimtooyourwordscannot bedictatedbyanyreallymaliciousdispositionsinyourheart.Ignorance, andthat"zealwithoutknowledge"of whichSt.Paulspeaks,canaloneaccountforyourattitude.Butnowfor yourquestion.WheredidOurLord tellustoprayforHisMother?The answertothatiseasy.Nowheredirectly.ButnowheredidHetell usthatwewerenottodoso;and Heexpresslytellsusthatwearetobe guidedinourreligiousbeliefsand worshipbytheteachingoftheCatholicChurch,guaranteeingtopreserve thatChurchfromerroralldayseven totheendoftheworld.Likewise,in theGospelofSt.Luke,Maryherself, undertheinspirationoftheHoly Spirit,declared,"Henceforthallgenerationsshallcallmeblessed."That prophecyofSacredScriptureisfulfilledintheCatholicChurch.You certainlydonotfulfilitbyyourefforts tobelittleher.

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the

HEmonthofJunehasbeenspe ciallysetasidebythe hurdhfortheveneration oftheSacredHeart.The HeartofOurLord,beingthe HeartofGod,isinItselfworthyof worship.Inaddition,thehuman heartisalwaysregardedasthecentre ofemotionallife,andhencehascome tobeacceptedasthesymboloflove. SothatthedevotiontotheSacred HeartrecallstoCatholicmindsmost vividlytheall-embracingloveofGod formen,andshouldexciteustoayet moregenerousloveinreturn.DevotiontotheSacredHeartoriginatedin therevelationsmadetotheVisitation Nun,St.MargaretMaryAlacoque,towardstheendofthe17th.century,and waspropagatedbytheBlessedClaude delaColombiere.AppearingtoSt. Margaretonseveraloccasions,Our LordremindedherofHisintenselove formen,andcomplainedoftheirresponsivenessofthegenerality."Behold,"Hesaid,"thisHeart,whichhas lovedmensomuch,thatIthasspared nothingtotestifyItslove.Inreturn Ireceiveonlyingratitude,byreason ofthecontempt,irreverences,sacrileges, andcoldnesswhichtheyshowMeinthe SacramentofLove."

Asthethemeoftheserevelations wasthecoldnessandindifferenceof men,sotheemphasisofthedevotion wastobereparation-vicariousatonementdirectedchieflytowardstheSacredHeartintheBlessedEucharist. TheFeastofCorpusChristihadalreadybeenlonghonouredbythe ChurchinhonouroftheBlessedSacrament,butaspecialFeast-dayofreparationonthefirstFridayafterthe

FRANCIS GILBERT

Octavewasrequested.ThiswasgrantedandthedayisobservedastheFeast oftheSacredHeart.OurLordHimselfexplainedtoSt.MargaretMary howHewishedtheFeasttobeobserved:"OnthisdaythefaithfulshallreceiveHolyCommunionandasolemn ActofReparationshallbeofferedfor theindignitiesMyDivineHeartreceivesduringthetimeItisexposedon Myaltars."

TheDevotiontotheSacredHeartis transcendentalbecauseitwasinstituteddirectlybyChristHimself.The HolySeehassanctioneditwithfull authority,andhasenrichedthevariousexercisesoftheDevotionwithinnumerableIndulgences.Chiefamong theapprovedpracticesarethefrequentreceptionofHolyCommunion, theninefirstFridays,SacredHeartSodalities,theHolyHour,andtheApostleshipofPrayer.Thesearethemost effectivemeansoffosteringsubstantial devotiontotheSacredHeart.And OurLordHimselfrevealedthatHe wouldsetneithermeasurenorlimitto

thegracesHewouldbestowuponthose whosoughttheminHisSacredHeart. Thesespecialgracesareenumeratedin theTwelvePromises.Theyrepresent allthatmortalmenmighteverhopeto attainonearth.Butthelastofthem isquiteoverwhelming:"Ipromisethat thosewhospreaddevotiontoMySacredHeartshallhavetheirnamesinscribedintheBookofLife,neverto beeffaced."Thissurelymustbethe lastwordinfavourofdevotiontothe SacredHeart.

Thequestionofdeath-bedrepentances isoneofperennialinterest.Everyone, forinstance,hasheardofthecaseof Voltaire.Someonewrotefacetiously ofthecauseofhislossoffaith:-

"ItwasahabitofVoltaire's Toforgettosayhisprayers, Andone,whichtohisshame, Heneverovercame."

Buthoweverthatmayhavebeen(and itislikelyenough)itisquitecertain that,shortlybeforehisdeath,hecalledforapriestandsoughtreconciliationwiththeChurch.HeseemeddeterminednottoberefusedChristian burial.Itistruethatsomedoubtthe sincerityofhisconversion,claiming thatthehabitsofalife-timecannotbe instantaneouslyreversedandthathe madenofullandclearretractionofhis blasphemiesanderror.Ofthisone speakshesitantly.Whatwedoknow forcertainisthefactthathedidmake somegestureofrepentance.

Anevenmoreinterestingcaseoccurredduringtheweek.Itwasthedeath ofJohnBarrymore,thefamousactor.It wasmoreinterestingbecause,whereas Voltaire'sdefectionseemedtohavean intellectualbasis,Barrymore'shada moralone.Itwasalsomoreinterestingbecausewehaveall,moreorless, bothseenandheardtheactorinthe films.Barrymoremarriedonceand attemptedmarriageonthreeotheroccasions.SoobscurewashisCatholicism thatfew,Iimagine,duringhislifetime,knewhehadbeenbaptisedinthe Church.Yet,aspneumoniatookits tollofhismortality,Barrymorecalled forapriest,confessedhissinsandreceivedthelastSacraments.Hewas

butoneofperhapsalargenumberof Catholicswhohangtheirphilosophy onthatlastshakypeg: "Twixtthesaddleandtheground Mercysoughtandmercyfound." Yetsovastandsostrangeisthemercy ofGodthatBarrymorefoundforgivenesseveninhispresumption.But casesofthekindarerare.

Theattitudewhichreliesona death-bedrepentanceisoneofappallingtemerity.ForitisclearlywrittenintheScripturesandisafactof every-dayexperience,thatamansows whathereaps-hesowsthewindbut hereapsthewhirlwind.Itistruethat St.Augustinesetoutinsomethingof thisframeofmind.Hewantedchastity-butnotyet,0Lord,notyet.

ButasIhavesaidthesearerareand predelictedcases.Oddlyenough,what militatesmostagainstdeath-bedrenentancesfromanaturalpointofview isthefactthat,owingtomodernmeditalpractice,comparativelyfewpeople (Feconscious.Atanyrateconsider. ablyfewerdothanintheolddays whenmeansofallieviatingpainwere unknownandpeopleperhapsdidnot viewpainasanunmitigatedevil.

Evenifallwerecertainofretaining consciousnesstothelast,anyonewho hasseenadeath-bedwillagreethatit isnotanidealplaceforcomposureof mind,clarityofvision,andthoseother qualitieswhichhelptowardsagood Confession.Itisnotfornothing thattheChurchasksforitschildren provisionagainstasuddenanduntimelydeath.

ThewarhasbroughttoEngland somethinginthereligiousspherewhich theAnglicanBishopofLondondescribedduringtheweekas"sucha measureofjointactionashasnothappenedinBritainsincetheReformation."Hereferredtothesettingup ofajointcommitteerepresentingAnglicans,NoncomformistsandCatholics toassistandstimulatetheco-operation whichhasalreadybeguninmanydif'erentlocalitiesandparticularlyto co-ordinatetheworkofthe"religion andlife"movementandthe"Swordof theSpirit.-Thecommittee,whose mponentbodiesareactingunder officialapprobation,hasagreedupona

4 f

platformofthreeplanks.Theseare:

1.Thatacompellingobligationrests onallChristianstomaintainour Christianheritageandacttogetherto theutmosttosecureitseffectiveinfluenceuponsocial,economicandcivil problems.

2.Thatthereisalargeareaofcommongroundonwhichfullco-operation ispossibleandisalreadyoccurring withoutraisingultimatequestionsof churchorderanddoctrinewhichdivide us.

3.Thattheremustbefreedomfor Christianbodieseverywheretoworshipaccordingtotheirconsciences;to preach,teachandpersuadeinaspirit ofChristiancharityandbringup childrenintheirparents'faith.

Thisreallydoesseemtobeanunusualgestureofinter-denominational desiretohaveaChristianFront.And itisundoubtedlydueinthefirstplace totheactivityofthe"Swordofthe Spirit"whichwascalledintobeingbyCardinalHinsleyforthisverypurpose.

ItiscleartoallthattheChurches willhavetomakeaunitedanddeterminedstandiftheNewOrderisnotto betheoldpaganOrderwithanew relish.

Thequestion,ofcourse,immediately ariseswhethersuchco-operationisdesirableorpracticableinAustralia.It seemstomethatourcasemorenearly parallelsconditionsintheUnited StatesthaninEngland.Co-operation incertaindirectionshasprogresseda fairdistanceinAmerica,butitwasinterestingtonotethatsoastuteanobserverasRev.Dr.L.Rumble,M.S.C., whileinAmerica,expressedtheopinionthatthemovementwasone fraughtwithconsiderabledangerofindifferentism.However,solargeare theproblemsaccumulatingagainstthe post-warepochandsodeterminedsz thefoesofChristianity,thatnopracticableendeavourtofindabasisof commonChristianactioncanaffordto beneglected.

"BiggestCoward,Bravest Man"

Itispeculiarlyappropriatethatwith warsoneartoustheAustralianCatholicTruthSocietyshouldpublisha shortLifeofFather"Willie"Doyle, &J.,underthetitle,"ABraveSoldier." Fr.Doylewas,infact,describedbya certaincolonelwhoknewhimwellas "thebiggestcowardinthe16thDivision,andthebravestmanintheBritishArmy."ThatwasbecauseFr. Doyle,withahighly-strung,nervous systemandvividimagination,knew fear-"hadallthephysicalelements ofcowardice"-but,nevertheless,went withapparentcalmintothethickof thebattle.Asoldierwhoseleghad beenhorriblysmashed,saidtoF. Doyle,whowasattendinghim: "Father,Idon'tbelongtoyour Church.""No,"repliedFr.Doyle, "butyoubelongtomyGod."Fr. Doylediedinsuchanactofcharity. Hehadcrawledouttoanexposed positiontoassistawoundedmanand wastryingtobringhimtoasafer place.Hegothimtoapill-boxand waspassinghimawaterbattlewhena shellburstinthemidstofthem.

"Thereistheextraordinarystoryof thegirlcondemnedtodeath,whofrom theLondonprisonsent,ontheeve ofherexecution,forFr.William Doyle,S.J.,whowasinIreland.She knewnothingofreligion,butachance meetingwithFr.Doylehad1:ftan impressionthathadanastonishing sequel.AnumberofLivcsofFr. Doylehavebeenpublished;heisa well-knownpersonality,butthislittle pamphlet,veryvividlywritten,will serveasanexcellentintroductionfor thosewhohavenotyetmadetheacquaintanceofFr.Doyle,andasan excellentmeansofrefreshingacquaintanceforthosewhohave.

ABraveSoldier:Fr.WilliamDoyle,S.J. By E.M.G.AustralianCatholicTruthSociety publicationforApril.

Fremantle

arish

CROWNINGOFTHEQUEENOF MAY.

OnSundayevening,31st.ult.,avast congregationassembledinSt.Patrick's Church,Fremantle,towitnes.;the memorableceremonyofthecrowning ofMaryImmaculateasQueenofMay. ItisatraditionwiththeOblr,to Fatherstocelebratethisfestivalwith duesolemnitywherevertheirmiss;ons areestablishedthroughouttheworld. Itisbutthehumbletributeofan OrderundertheaegisofMary,tothe QueenofAngelsandofMen. Andnotwithstandingthatamidthe clashofarmsthedestinyofmankind istremblinginthebalance,andper-, haps,becauseofit,thisyear'scelebrationatSt.Patrick's.forsimple grandeur,isworthyofthebrightest effortsofotherdays.

ActingundertheguidanceandinspirationoftheirSpiritualDirector, Rev.FatherConway,O.M.I.,theChildrenofMaryofferedacrusadeof MassesduringthemonthofMayin honouroftheirHeavenlyQueen.That morning'sgeneralCommunionofthe membersoftheSodalitymeansso muchtotheirdearMotherland,Australia,andtous.Thedevotions beganwiththerecitaloftheHoly Rosary,followedbytheLitanyofthe BlessedVirgin.Thenintermsof simpleeloquenceandpower,Father ConwaypicturedforhispeopletheattributesoftheMotherofGod,her divinematernity,and"ourtainted nature'ssolitaryboast." "Nosorrow,"hebegan,"likethat whichtheheartenduresinsecret-of whichweourselvesareconscious. Howwelongforasympatheticfriend. Whereshallwefindsuchatender

TrottingSelections

RICHMONDPARK.

Saturday,June6,1942.

W.A.Breeders'Handicap:Arabian Lass,1;LadyHilton,2;AdmiralSheik, 3. MelvilleHandicap:Adaloma,1; DavidFayette,2;Thebes,3. President'sHandicap:LouisBraden, 1;NiceVin,2;Casatar,3. FremantleHandicapNoalimba,1; LadyLizzie,2;RoyalSheik,3. RichmondParkHandicap:Kolrock, 1;BlackBertha,2;BlackElla,3. BictonHandicap:AuburnChile,1; LadyCynthia,2;MasterWhips,3. CommitteeHandicap:Rairewyn,1; Lin'sRelic.2,LeeTennessee,3.

ga3ttati.

heart'Itmaybewearepoorand desolate,forthepoorhavesofew friends.But,beingfrailhumanityat best,welongforthesympathyofa friend,thesolaceofthosewelove. Friendshipisrareinacoldandheartlessworld.Andyet,thoughthe worldbeagainstus,onegreatfriend remains.Howconsolingtoremember,thereisonememberofthehuman familyonwhomwecandependMary,theMotheroftheEternalSon ofGod,willneverforsakeus,willremainwithustotheend.

Weareallfamiliarwiththestory oftheFrenchpriestinaParischapel, andagreatclientofMary,who, whenthelittlechildrendrewround him,forfearofthegatheringstorm thelightningflashaccompaniedby thethunderrolltotheirplasticminds soliketheangerofanoffendedGod), toldthemthatasintheirinfantyears theyfoundrefugeinamother'sarms, sotootheymustinthehourofdanger flytoMary,theirLife,theirSweetnessandtheirHope."

"ThatOurLordchoseHisown Mother,"concludedFatherConway, ''isnotdifficulttounderstand.In hisDivinethoughtfulnessforman Hehadchosenherfromalleternity tobetheMotherofthehumanrace'WomanbeholdthySon-Sonbehold thyMother.'TheCatholicChurch clowntheageshaseveracclaimedMary theMotherofGod.Therefore,how sublimeourdestiny!Howgrandfor us,herchildren,isourChristianheritage!"

FollowingthesermontheChildren ofMary,-underthedirectionofFather Conway,O.M.I.,asmasterofceremonies,andprecededbytheirbeautiful bannerette,movedforwardinprocesion,bearingthestatueofOurLady. Nextcametwotinypages,Masters JohnMcNamaraandGrahamStone, andthecrown-bearer,AliciaWilliams, andattendant,ElizabethKing.Last ofallwasMissPaulineWhitely,havingforladies'attendants,DorothyWilliamsandGleniceVagg,andfortrainbearers,FaySweeneyandAnneWilliams.ArrivingbeforetheAltarof OurBlessedLady,tastefullyadorned bytheSistersofSt.JosephoftheApparition,thefinalscene,thecrowningofourHeavenlyQueen,wasperformed.

BenedictionoftheBlessedSacrament,givenbytheSpiritualDirector, Rev.FatherConway,O.M.I.,brought theannualceremonytoaclose.

Squares: 9ft.x10ft.6in

x12ft. t:141Os.0d.

Runners:

27in. 226yard.

36in. 316yard.

Rugs: 226 27/6.

11/6yd.

Disposeofyouroldfurniturefor new.Youwillbeastonishedat whatyouroldfurniturewill realise.

PLEASERING-B8177--FORAVALUATOR.

WearepleasedtohaveRev.Father NIcCarthybackagain,lookingwellafter hisrecentsojourninSt.JohnofGod Hospital.Heresumeddutiesthisweek.

Rev.FatherNolanhasbeenappointedChaplaintointernees,datingfrom lastweek.

Thelast"call-up'wasresponsible forthedepartureofMr.RubenFitzpatrick.Rubewasalwaysprominent inChurchaffairs,beingaveryactive memberofalltheparishsodalities, etc.,andawellknownChurchcollector.Thebestwishesofallgowith him.

Mr.andMrs.J.Regan,oftheTown Hall,havereceivedadvicethattheir son,L.A.C.WalterJamesRegan,of theR.A.A.P.,ismissing,believedkilled,astheresultofanaircraftaccidentatBundaberg,Queensland.Deep sympathyisextendedtothestricken family.

Themonthlysocialmeetingofthe CatholicWomen'sLeaguewillbeheld afterBenedictiononMondayevening next.Alargeattendance,please.

Theeveningarrangedbythelocal branchoftheChildrenofMarytook placeonWednesdaylast.Members fromtheBoulderSocietyjoinedin thefunandspentseveralhappyhours ingames,music,dancingand,of course,supper.Theseeveningsshould growinpopularity,astheydeserve,as theseasonprogresses.

SacredHeartSodalitymembersare remindedthatthemonthlyCommunionofmemberswilltakeplaceat7 o'clockMassonSunday.Ameeting ofmemberswillbeheldintheParish Hallaftereveningdevotions.

"C"Gradetennisteamhadanother victoryonSundayweek,butonlast Sundaytheluckwasoutandboth "A"and"C"weredefeated.Thedefeatwastakeninaverysporting manner,andwillactasaspurinfuture encounters, Savingsmeanssafety,wastemeans disaster.

\ortham arish

HolyNameSociety.

TheHolyNameNovenawasheldin Northam,asinotherparishes,from Saturday,May16,toSunday,May24. ManyHolyNamemenmadethesacrificenecessarytobepresentatthe morningMassandagainintheevening,whenthespecialnovenaprayer wassaidaftertheRosary,

SacredHeartConfraternity.

Aretreatofthemembersof theSacredHeartSodalitywill takeplaceinNorthamfromFriday,June5,toSunday,June7.Mass willbecelebratedat6.30a.m.,and willbefollowedbyashortinstruction. IntheeveningtherewillbeRosary, SermonandBenediction.Father McLaughlin,C.SS.R.,willgivetheretreat.

LegionofMary.

TheLegionofMary,whichisestablishedinseveralofthesuburbsof Perth,istomovefurtherafieldinthe Archdiocese,anditwouldseemthat Northamistobethefirstcountry parishinW.A.toformapresidium. Withthisendinviewfourmembers ofthePerthCuria,Messrs.Mulligan andWeedon,Mrs.Sullivan,andMiss Brennan,journeyedtoNorthamon Sundaylastandmetmanyoftheparishioners.Athalf-pasttwoMr.Mulliganaddressedameetingofabout50 menandwomeninSt.Joseph'swell appointedhall,andinaveryinterestinglecturetracedthehistoryofthe Legionfromitshumblebeginningsin Dublin'spoorestquarterlessthan20 yearsagotoitspresentworld-wideorganisation.Thelecturerlucidlyexplaineditspurposeasaparishactivityandstresseditsspiritualnature. Itwas,thelecturerexplained,inno smallwaythefulfilmentofthelate HolyFather'sinjunctiontothelaity tobeactiveCatholicActionists,and ifestablishedinNorthamwouldachieveresultscommemsuratewith thoseachievedinthemetropolitan area.Afterthemeetingthosepresentandthevisitorspassedtothe church,whereBenedictionwasgiven byVeryRev.FatherLynch.

NorthProvince Election

JOSEPHCHARLESis50yearsofage.

Hasbeeninbusinessfor31yearsasan_Auctioneerand SwornValuer.

HasPastoralinterestsasaShareholderinMurrum Station,Yalgoo;NambiStation,Leonora;Croyden Farm,Goomalling.

HisinterestsarePastoralandCommercial.

Heisenterprising,sound,andcapable frepresenting yourinterests.

PostalVotesmustbereceivedin-.Broomepriorto13th.day ofJune.

RollsmaybeinspectedatCommitteeRooms,W.A. Chambers(nextPalaceHotel).

LibraryLeCCtuIPes

PlaceofReligioninthe Soldier'sNeeds

LieutenantDonohueDescribes CatholicLifeintheU.S.

HowCatholicActionFunctions

AgreatcrowdheardLieut.Donohue's talkon"CatholicisminAmerica"last Fridaynight.Mr.T.P.Barryacted aschairmanfortheevening,andthe committeeservedsupperasusual afterthelecture.TheLibrarypremisesat36Pier.street,areholding "capacityhouses"forthisyear'sLeetuseSeries.

TheLibraryLectureswillcontinue cnFriday,June12,whenMr.J.J.Hannan,LL.B.,ofSydney,willbethe speaker.Mr.Hannan,whoisamemberoftheCommonwealthTaxation BoardofReview,isaprominentCathcliclaymaninNewSouthWales, andhaspreviouslybeenheardin Perthon"TheUtopiaofSt.Thomas More.'"SocialJustice,"andothersubjects.Thosewhohavebeenprivilegedtohearthislecturerareassured thattheywillhearanothersoundbut wittyaddress.

Afterthislecture,furthertalkswill notbegivenonFridayevenings,as hitherto.Thursdaywillbethefortnightlylectureevening,commencing onJune25th.

Itis\crykindofyourgrouptoinvitemetospeaktoyouonCatholicism inAmerica.Ithinkitsuitableatthis timetosayafewwordstoAustra''in, particularlyCatholicAustralians,for thekindandgenerouswayyouwelcomedusintoyourmidst.Trulyit isanobjectlessontomeintheproof oftheCatholicChurch'smarkofbent, "universal."Inthisdistantspotfrom ourhomesthe-Catholicsoldierofthe UnitedStatesArmyfindshimself amongpeopleofhisfaith,Catholic priestswhoarereadytoservehim. and,inyourbeautifulchurchesaplace forprayerandopportunitytotakepartintheHolyMass.Youcan't measuretheimportanceofthese itemsinthelifeofoursoldiers.To sayitgivesthemstabilityandcourageistoputinmildly.

Foryourinformation,Idon'tpose asanauthorityontheCatholicChurch mystationintheCatholicChurchof mycountryissimplythatofa"practicalCatholic." Mycommentson theChurchinAmericaarethoseofa laymanwhoprofesseshisChurchtobe thetrueChurchandisintenselyproud ofhismembershipinit.TheUnited StatesisnotaCatholiccountry-its Catholicmembershiptotalsover21 millionsinalandpopulatedbyover 130millionsofpeople.Ontheother handthevarioussectsinmembership claimmillionsofotherAmericans, thoughalargegroupofAmericansare notchurchmembersandindesignationareknownas"Protestants."Becauseofitsunityandsolidarity,the CatholicChurchplaysalargepartin patternandcurrentofAmericancivilisation.

IntheUnitedStatesproperthe foundations,growth,andstrengthof theChurchisduetothefactthatimmigrantsfromEuropebroughttheir "faith"withthem-theIrish,French, Italians,Germansandothernationalitiesfosteredthe"faith"intheirnewfoundhomes-theirbeginningswere noteasy.However,throughsacrifice. sufferingandinthedeterminationof theirconvictions-theChurchprogressedaseachdecadepassed.The strengthoftheChurchisnotuniformthroughoutthenation.Inmany partsoftheUnitedStatestheCatholicpopulationissparse,anditsstructureandnaturenotwellknown, whichhasledtogrowthofignorance -andofprejudice.Yetinthepast20 -yearsmuchhasbeendonetoeducate andenlightencertaingroupsandlocalitiesontheChurch-itstruthsand practices.Thereasonforthefaith notbeingpropagatedincertainsectionswasduetothefactthatimmigrantsdidnotsettlethere,butfor themostpartelectedtostayinthe Northernpart,particularlyaround themoredenselypopulatedandindustrialereas.Forexample,theCatholicDioceseofHartford,Connecticut,hasaCatholicpopulationofover 600,000persons,andthedioceseof

Dallas,Texas,has45,000Catholics.On thebasisoftotalpopulationinthe latterareaandincomparisonwith Hartford,ourCatholicpopulationin Dallasissmall.IntheArchdioceses ofBoston,Chicago,NewYork,andthe dioceseofBrooklyn,theCatholic populationtotalsaround4,600,000. Theencouragingfeatureofthesituationisthatwearegrowing,andconvertsin1939numberedover65,000.

Imentionedamomentagothatthe establishmentanddevelopmentofthe CatholicChurchwasonlycarriedout byitspioneers,bothclergyandlaity, intheUnitedStates,throughsacrifice andsuffering.Idon'twanttobranch )flintohistory,sufficeittosaysince -firConstitutionwaspropoundedin 7,7,therehasalwaysbeenwhatIlike 1.,call"theAmericanheritageofreligiousfreedom."InourDemocracy thepeopledemandedour"Billof Rights:"thereare10articlesinthe BillofRights.Article1states:"Congressshallmakenolawrespectingthe establishmentofreligion,orprohibitingthefreeexercisethereof."The Spiritandstrengthofthisarticlehas permeatedthenation,butthepresence prejudcesandbigotryisnotentirelyabsentinAmerica,thoughsuch attitudesarenotasopenandbrazen 3,indaysofold.Andthereasonfor thesuccessinkillingoffthesepre-...1 has1-centheactionofthe

Churchtostepoutinpublictoexplain itsfaithandrefutefalsehoods.The Churchhasalsoadoptedpositive ratherthananegativeplan,preventiveratherthancorrectivemeasuresto counteractitsenemies.TheChurch "militant"canmeet,itstoeswith "truth"andcourageanywhere. I wouldliketociteanexampleofsuch servicebyaCatholiclayman,one RichardRied,oftheStateofGeorgia. HewasthepublisherofaCatholic newspaperinthisState,thinlypopulatedbyCatholics.Ilesawevidences ofbigotry,sawpublisheduntruestatementsabouttheChurch,andgeneral ignoranceoftheCatholicChurch.He madeitapointtoseekoutthesource tithebigotry,wroteletterstocertain newspapereditorsandmagazines,and wroteclean-cutarticlesontheChurch inhisownpaperandinthepressof theStateofGeorgia.HewontherespectofthepopulaceofthatStateand theUniversityofNotreDameawardedhimin1936theLaetareMedalfor outstandingservicetotheCatholic ('hurt-h.Hehassincebecomethe editorofalargeCatholicpaperinNew YorkCity.

CatholiceducationintheU.S.isa highlyratededucationalset-up-one findstheChurchdirectingtheeducationifyoungpeoplefrontthekindergartentotheuniversity.Itisalarge seals,enterprise,anditowesitsexist-

encenuttothefactthatthepublic schoolsdonotdoagoodjobofeducating,orhaveaharmfuleffectonthe youngCatholic,buttothefactthat theChurchrealises,inordertoproduceastronggenerationofCatholics, itsbestmethodistosupplementthe familyCatholicinstructionwithanintensiveandthoroughtraininginthe preceptsoftheChurch.Wellover twomillionchildrenattendCatholic schoolsinAmerica.Thereareover 200seminarieswithover16,000students,181colleges,and670acadamies forboysandgirls,respectively;1,300 highschoolswithover400,000students. Parishschoolsnumberover7,500. 311orphanagestakecareof36,000 youngsters;homesfortheagedtotal 167,andhospitals,manyofthemthe finestintheworld,total679.All theseinstitutionsareownedandoperatedbytheChurch.Iwon'tdiscuss thefinancialcostoftheseinstitutions, butifthereservicesweretobeputon thepublictaxbill,I'msuretheAmericanpublicwouldrealisetheirsize andscope.TheChurchrunsthese welfareandeducationalinstitutions bythecharityoftheCatholicswho payforthem,inadditiontopayingfor publicwelfareandeducationalservices. OnemayfindtheSisters,Brothersand Prieststeaching,administeringand labouringineverycommunitywhere theparishordiocesehasseenfitto organiseaschool,orphanageorhosvital.Itamazesthenon-Catholicto seetheseCatholicinstitutionslabouringtoeducate,guideandcomfortits

(ContinuedonPir,12

Q14-,LEADJE-to

THE L.CY HIGHGATE

Overtwohundredyoungpeoplehad awonderfultimeattheHighgateParishHallonWednesday,May27,the attractionbeing"ANightinMay"with theL.C.Y.HighgateBranch.Hundredsofgailycolouredflowersand streamersdecoratedthehall,andaddedmuchtotheNlaytimeatmosphere. DuringtheeveningShirleyBurgeand MariePrancesangseveralpopular numbers,andErnieLevesque,ourAmericanfriend,againdelightedtheaudiencewithanexhibitiononthe drums.Last,butnotleast,cameour "MayFlowers"intheBalloonDance. AmidstmuchlaughterKevinRyan, CharlieNallen,PatLynchandBill Pottsmadeafairy-likeentrance,in theirprettycolouredballetfrocksand blondewigs,eachcarryingaballoon, anddancingtothestrainsof"Valse Lente."NeilFogarty,dressedas Topsy,causedrenewedlaughterwhen, quiteunexpectedly,hetrippeddown fromthestageandjoinedinthelight fantasticwiththeMayFlowers.The dancewillberepeatedonWednesday, June10.whenwehopetomeetallour youngfriendsagain.Therewillbe manyaddedattractions,including prizesforMonteCarloandluckyspot dances.Theadmissionis1/6anda specialsupperwillbeserved.Remember,thedateisJune10.Theguest artistswillbeYvonneandAlanCarrier,Hawiianguitarists.

WISDOMFORTHEWEEK.

Itisafundamentallawofahappy andusefullifethatwemustkeep sweet,forbitternesspervertsthejudgment,andcorrodestheheart.

Confidenceisnoteasilygainedwhere exaggeratedloveofselfisfoundto exist.

TheCrossisaletterfromOurLord tothesoul,whereiniswritten"Ilove thee."

Asingleactcannotproveaman goodorbad.Oneflowerdoesnot makeabouquet

Howlittledotheyseewhatis,who frametheirjudgmentsuponthat whichseems.

ATHOUGHT.

IfIhavenotacross,Iwillmakeno progresstowardHeaven Acrossthatistosay,anythingthatdisturbs us-isthestingthatstimulatesus, andwithoutwhichwewouldremain stationary,receivingallthedustof theroad,andperhapssinkingbydegreesintoevil.Acrossisthespringwhichpushesusforward,inspiteof ourapathy.

WE'VEgotthefightingspirit-WE MUSTGETTHESAVINGSPIRIT. Saveandbuy£10NationalSavings Bonds.

FranriscanSocialClue

SecondFloor,BectonHouse, HayStInextGleddenBuilding)

*LuncheoneveryThursday. 12-2p.m.Lecturetteand discussion.

Women'smeeting2.30-4p.m. Aeardialinvitationisextended luallfit/,req,d

DressandFashion

ADVANCENEWS

it,:reatimportanceforout-of-town ShoppersforHEADLINES.

MADELONMILLINERY NO.6PLAZAARCADE (MurrayStEnd,opp.Boans). PersonalSupervisionB.MURPHY.

l-atholicWomensLeastie

nnuatil/leetins

HisGracehearsFineRecordof PatrioticWork

TributesfromBritain.

TheannualmeetingoftheCatholic Women'sLeaguewasheldintheCathedralHallat3p.m.onMay25.His GracetheArchbishop,atendedbythe LeagueChaplain,VeryRev.Father Haugh,O.M.I.,Rev.FatherBreslin, O.M.I.,R.A.N.V.R.,andFatherRafferty,waspresent.Delegatesfrom tenbranchesoftheLeaguewererepresented.Theannualreport,submittedbytheHon.Secretary,MissE. Furze,wasasfollows:

Thereareatpresentapproximately 460financialmembersintheeleven branchesoftheLeague.Ithasbeen ayearofhardworkformanyreasons; thesetimesbeingsoveryabnormal andmostoftheworkofapatriotic nature.Wehavebeencalledonto takepartinallthemanystreetappeals,andtheresultsinourownboxes havebeenverysatisfactory.TheMilitaryauthoritiesrequestedustoprovide700milkjugcoverstofightthe mosquitoandflyplagueinthemilitarycampsandhospitals,and1,200 weresupplied.Knittershavemade 300pairsofsocksandotherwarmarticlesfortroops,airmenandthenavy. Membershavecontinuedtoassistat theCitizen'sBuffet,TownHall,and theY.A.L.Canteens.

Whenvisitingtroopsarrivedthe C.W.L.entertainedthemintheCathedralHall.Alargecrateofboxesand games,besidesagramophone(given bythreemembers),andthreeother parcelsofgiftsfromothermembers wasdespatchedtoRottnestGarrison. 175pairofpyjamasweresenttoone campandmuchappreciated.Mobile canteenmembershavebeenorganised tohelpfirst-aidandotherhelpers shouldthisbecomenecessary.

Buttheoutstandingworkhasbeen thelargecasesofclothingmadeand senttotheAgent-GeneralforWesternAustraliainLondonforthelittle air-raidvictims,thecontentsofwhich finallyfoundtheirwaytotheSisters ofNazarethatHammersmith,and "TheCrusadeofRescue,"Tavistock Hill,London,andweredistributedto themostneedy.Anotherlargeconsignmentwassentatthebeginningof thisyear,buthasnotyetbeenacknowledged.

Homecharitieshavenotbeenneglected.Garmentshavebeenmade forClontarfandtheSt.Vincentde PaulSociety.AtClontarfopening ceremonyandCastledareFetememberstookchargeoftherefreshments. Somewelfareworkhasbeenaccomplished,butthisisnowlessnecessary owingtoChildEndowmentandMilitaryallotments.Fortnightlyvisits havebeenpaidtoPerthHospitalin connectionwithRedCross.work.The

Recipe

CreamofLettuceSoup.

Ingredients: 3cupschickenbroth, Ismallonion, potato, 1slicestalebread, 2cupfulsmilk, lk teaspoonssalt, Pepper, 2tightlypackedcupsshreddedlettuce.

Method: Placethelettuce,stock,breadand potatoandslicedonioninasaucepan. Boilforonehalfhour.Strain,andadd themilk,thenbringtotheboiling pointandseasontotaste.

HomeofPeacehasbeenvisited,and heretheSubiacoBranchhasdone goodwork.TheAlexandraHomeis caredforbytheHighgateHill Branch;theBrailleSocietyHomefor theBlindisworkedfromVictoria Park;Fremantlehaschargeofsoldiersandsailors,anddistributed2,000 freemealstotheminthatdistrict. Maylands'specialeffortwasaconcert, whichbroughtin£18fortheConvent there.CathedralBranchhas,besides otherwork,specialisedinliteraryevenings,andKalgoorlieorganisedassistanceatdailyMassforpeace. NedlandsPresident,Mrs.J.J.Farrell,wastheofficialdelegatetothe 10th.InterstateConferenceofCatholic WomenheldinAdelaide,duringNovember,1941,andpresidedoverbythe MostRev.M.Beovich,D.D.The HighgateBranchhadthehonourand greatpleasureofofferinganaltarto St.CharlesSeminary.AttheBindoonFarmSchoolopeningceremony. therefreshmentswereinthehandsof membersoftheLeague.

May3,FeastofOurLady,Mother ofMankind,allwhocoulddosoreceivedtheirannualComunionintheir ownparishchurches.

TheExecutive.

Generalmonthlymeetingsandtho'-e ofallbrancheshavemetveryregularly.TheLeagueis'representedon thesecommittees:NationalCouncilof Women;ChildEvacuees'Council; Citizen'sReception;PureMilkand BlindSoldiers'Committees,meetings ofwhichhaveallbeenregularlyattended.

Socialealtadai

June10:L.U.Y.dance,intheHighgateParishHall June24:L.C.Y.dance,atHighgate.

HELPFULHINTSFORTHE HOME

Powderedstarchis'undidforpolishingsilver.

Beforeplacingaspongecakeinthe oven,sprinklealittlefinewhitesugar overthetop.Thisformsarich, brown-lookingcrust.

Whenpeelingonions,beginatthe rootendandpeelupwards.The onionwillthenscarcelyaffecttheeyes atall.

Eggspoachedinmilkareexcellent fortheinvalid'stray.

Agoodcreamtoeatwithaplain gelatineismadebyaddingaripe bananatothewhiteofaneggbeaten stiff.

Apinchofbakingsodastirredinto milkthatistobeboiledwillkeepit fromcurdling.

Pastry,justtakenfromtheoven, shouldbelefttocoolinawarmplace, otherwiseitwillbetough.

Beforecookingsago,putalittlebutterinthebottomofthesaucepan. Thiswillmakethewashingupofthe saucepaneasier.

PERSONAL

Mr.F.Anderson,aprominentCatholiclayman,hasbeenappointedDeputyDirectorofRationinginWesternAustralia.Mr.Anderson;st'ie SecretaryoftheMetropolitanMarket Trust,andalsotakesanactiveinterestintheaffairsofex-navalmen, beingthepresidentof.theirAssociation.HeisamemberoftheDiocesan CounciloftheHolyNameSociety,and wasalwaysoneoftheorganisersof theEucharisticProcessionatAquinas College.

LUCKMOVESFASTER.

EverytimethereisaCharitiesConsultationdrawing511peoplearelucky, becausethereare511prizes.Luck movesfastnowadays-thesweepsfill inaboutaweek.Getaticketinthe No.106a.

19-12.

SmallorLarge?

ForFreedom-thenewStatementonSocialJustice-drives agreatdealdeeperthanitspredecessors.Theveryterm"social justice"hastendedtoconfineCatholicsocialthoughttotheproblemswhichbesetmanviewedcorporately.InAustralia,anyhow,theemphasishasbeenonthevocationalgroup,andthistendencyhasmadenaturallyforconcentrationonindustrialandhence urbanproblems. ForinAustraliansocietythereisonlyone groupandthatisthe1)101)wecallthecapitalcity.Hencetwo issuesofmajorimportancehavebecomeratherobscured.Oneis thequestionofthelibertyoftheindividualandtheotherthelibertyofthefarmer.Toalargeextentthesetwoproblemsarc reallyone,foras`TorFreedom"pointsout:"Thelandcangive freedomtotheindividualandthefamilyinawaywhichisimpossibletoindustry.".allthatisdesirableaboutowningthemeans ofproduction'canbeappliedonlywithdifficultytothecomplex lifeofthefactoryandofthecity;buttheycanbeappliedsimply tothelandandtoagriculture."

* * * *

IthasbeensaidthatuptothemomenttherehasbeeninAustraliamoreemphasisupononeaspectofthesocialquestionthan uponothers.Itmayevenbetruethattherearetwoschoolsof thought.Withoutadoubt,someseemedtothinkthatthepresentarrangementofsocietycouldbeadjustedandthemachineage Christianisedsimplybythesubstitutionofthevocationalgrouping andtheco-operativespiritinplaceoftheartificialdivisionsof LabourandCapitalandthespiritofclasswar.Yetothers,notably theDistributistschool,feltthataradicalsolutionlayintherestorationofeconomicfreedomtotheindividualandtothesmall group,i.e.,thefamily.Thiswouldapplyprincipallytoagriculture,andwouldbeasimple,thoughrevolutionary,change-over.In thecityitwouldlargelyentailtherestorationofthecraftsman. Manypeopleinsubstantialagreementotherwisethoughtthis latteridealquiteimpracticablebecauseofitscomplexity,and 'chieflybecauseoftheattachmenttomass-productionmethodsas progressive,economicalandinevitable.Butonthefaceofit, thereseemsnoreasonwhy(grantedachangeofheartoverthe valueofmoneyinlifeandthesocialuseofwealth)thesametechnicalinventivenesswhichproducedlargescalemachineryshould notbeabletoprovideeconomicalsmallunits.Ifthisispossible, thereturnofthecraftsmenisnotimpossible. * * *

Inthisrespect,"ForFreedom"isarevolutionarydocument evenamongCatholicsocialstudents.Ithascommitteditselfto "thefightforthesmallunitagainstthelarge"-aprincipleclearly enunciatedbyPiusXI.,andoffundamentalimportance.Itmakes athorough-goingprogrammeoutofwhatsomefearedwasformerlyaforedoomed,idealisticattempttowhitewashmass-production.Atthesametimeithasmadetheprocessofsocialreform infinitelymorecomplex,notonlyastoactualpracticalmeasures, butastopropaganda.Thedoctrineinitspresentdevelopment isdefinitelyahardsaying.Whocanhearit?Thereisadeeplyrootedbeliefinprogress.Ithasnotbeenseriouslyshakeneven bythecataclysmofwar."Sifractusillibaturorbisnonmovear." Itisnotapassionatedevotiontothingsastheyare.butakindof dull,defeatistfatalism.Wearecaughtupimpotently,theyargue, inthestreamoflife.Thereisnogoinghack.Thisismost powerfullyreflectednotonlyinthehumourprovokedbythe slogan"BacktotheLand,"butbythesloganitself.Therestorationofagricultureonabasisofsmall-scale,self-sufficiencyisactuallyregardedasretrogression.Thegrowthofthecitiesisa suretokenofprogress.Ourfight.then,willbefirstlyagainstthe ideabeforeweevenarriveatthethingsithascreated.Oncemore itisthefightforthesmallagainstthelarge-inideas.Forthe largeideahasturnedouttobeanillusionratherthananidea,and therefore,howeverinadvertently,alie.Butthesmallidea,especiallyaboutproperty,hasthesavinggraceofhumilityand thereforeoftruth,andinactualfactmeasuresupbesttothestature .ofman.

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

June3.--S.30a.m.:PresideatSolemn HighMassatSt.Mary'sCathedral, ontheoccasionoftheopeningofthe FortyHours'Prayer.

June7.-7.30p.m.:PresideatEucharisticHouratSt.Mary'sCathedra,

ArchbishopMannix SilverJubilee

ThisyearHisGraceArchbishopManiliacelebratesthetwenty-fifthanniversaryofhissuccessiontotheSeeofMelbourne.InitsissueforMay,1917, "TheAdvocate"markedtheoccasioninaleadingarticle.Prophecy perhapsisariskybusiness,buttime hasverifiedthepredictionsmadethen, andwhichhavebeensofullyrealised duringtheArchbishop'slongandhistorictenureofoffice."Dr.Mannix," saidthatarticle,"isasgoodanAustralianasifhewereborninthiscountry, andnotonlytheCatholicsofVictoria, butthecitizensgenerally,aretobecongratulatedonanappointmentwhich securesfortheCommonwealthagreat churchmanandapublic-spiritedcitizenofwhomanycountrymightbe proud."Asagreatecclesiastic,as leader,asadministrator,aseducationalist,asbuilder,theArchbishopof Melbournehasbeenastirelessashe hasbeendevoted.ThatHisGrace mayyetbesparedformanyyearsto continuehislaboursinthelandofhis adoptionistheferventprayerofthe CatholicsoftheCommonwealth.Ad multosannos.

OLDROSARIES

Wehavebeenaskedtoappealfor oldorbrokenRosaries,forwhichthe ownershavenofurtheruse.Owing tothelackofsuppliesofreligiousobjects,themenintheForcesareoften obligedtogowithoutRosaries,Missals,etc.TheSistersoftheCarmeliteMonastery,Nedlands,haveoffered tomendoldorbrokenRosaries,which willbethendistributedtothetroops. Rosariesandotherpiousobjects maybeleftc/oCatholicWelfareOrganisation, ChurchOffice, VictoriaSquare,Perth.

FOUND.

AreturnedA.I.F.manhasbrought backavaluableTreasuryoftheSacredHeartPrayerBook(Pellegrini), whichwasfoundatKilo89Camp, Palestine.Onlynamesonitare "Jack"and"Jean"-(thedonor).Will "Jack"or"Jean:'oranyonewhomay knowthem,communicatewithP.P., Box36,Mt.Morgan,Q.?

DEATH.

STOKES.-OnMay17,atSt.Johnof God's,Subiaco,FrancesCaroline, dearcousinandlife-longfriendof Mrs.M.Kirwin,17HoveaTerrace, SouthPerth. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul.

ontheoccasionoftheclosingofthe FortyHours'Prayer.

Tune14.-3.30p.m.:AttendAnnual EucharisticProcessionatSacred HeartChurch,HighgateHill.

June21.-9.30a.m.:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmation,atChurchof theHolyRosary,Nedlands.

1Z Broadcastsfrom CatholicChurches During1942 UNIQUERECITAL.

Auniqueandinterestingbroadcast wasgivenfromSt.Mary'sCathedral onWednesdaynight,June3,whenthe Rev.AlbertLynch,inconjunction withDr.EdgarFord,theeminentEnglishorganist,gavearecitalforviolin andorgan.Thefirstnumberplayed wastheninthSonatabyCorelli,for violinandfiguredbase.Thiswasa lovely,freshexampleof16th.century writing.Theoutstandingworkgiven wasthe2nd.Movementofthegreat ElgarViolinConcerto.ElgariscertainlythegreatestEnglishcomposer, andthefinestmodernCatholiccomposer.Thesolopartwasplayedwith greatwarmth,andthereproductionof theorchestralpartontheorganwasa masterpieceofrepresentation.The thirdandfinalnumberplayedwasthe brilliantPreludiumandAllegroby Pugnani(Kriesler),wherenoble harmoniescombinedwithviolinbrillianceinamostsatisfyingway.It isalongtimesinceFatherLynchwas lastheardovertheair,andhisreappearanceincompanywithsucha finemusicianasDr.Fordwassomethingwhichwillnotbesoonforgotten.

Thef.,11,wingbroadcastshavebeen arrangedthroughStation6WN

June7-11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral. Preacher:Rev.Father11.Lalor. June21-4p.mSt.Brigid'sChurch. WestPerth.

July5-11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral.

August2-11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral

August16-4p.m.:St.Patrick's,Fremantle.

September6-11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral.

September20-4p.m.:St.Bhigid's, WestPerth.

October4-11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral.

October18-11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral(MissionSunday).

October25-4p.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral(FeastofChristtheKing).

November1-11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral.

December6-11am.:St.Mary'sCathedral.

December24-Midnight:St.Mary's Cathedral.

CATHOLIC WOMEN'SLEAGUE

Membersareaskedtonotethearrangementsforthecanteensassetout below:-

BarrackStreetBuffetFriday,June 19:Sunday,July12.

PhyllisDeanHall:Saturday,June13: Wednesday,July8.

TownHall:Tuesday,June23:Saturday,July18. SewingCircle.

InfuturemembersoftheSewing CirclewillmeetonWednesdayafternoons,insteadofonTuesdayafternoon,at2p.m. HighgateHillBranch.

TheHighgateBranchoftheCatholic Women'sLeaguemeetsintheParish Hallat2.30p.m.onthesecondThursdayofeachmonth.ThenextmeetingwillbeonThursday,June11.Membersofthesewingcirclewillbewelcornedatthemeeting,andmaterial willbeissuedtowould-besewers.A goodattendanceislookedforwardto.

Ladygraduateoutlinesromantic historyofmissionaries&traders LinkwithAustraliathroughEmpireAirScheme

Thefollowinginterestingtalkon CanadawasgivenrecentlybyMiss RowenaNeale,B.A.,totheCatholic Teachers'Guild,attheCentralCatholic Library:-

BeforeIbegintotalkaboutCanada Ishouldliketothankyouforinviting metocomeandspeaktoyouto-clay.

Iamsureyouwouldalllovetotail: aboutAustraliawereyouinanother country,andifIcanhelptobringa clearerunderstandingbetweenourtwo sisternations,Iwillbeverypleased.

SinceIleftVancouvertwoyeArsago andwatchedthesnow-cappedmountainsofBritishColombiafadeintothe easternhorizon,Ihavebeencalledan American.AsfarasIamconcerned, thisisquiteallright.Butstrangelyenoughtheword"American"toan Australianmeansanythingpertaining totheUnitedStates.Immediately peoplearetoldthatIamanAmerican,theyaskmeaboutfilmstarsand NewYork,butasfarasCanadais concerned,itmightaswellbenonexistent.WhenIlandedinSydney ayearagoandpaidavisittothebank, Iwasasked,"DoyouuseBuckley's Canailiol?"Ihadn'theardofituntil thattime,althoughsincethenIhave metCanadianswhohadheardofit butneverdareduseit.

WouldthisbeallthatCanada couldclaimasarighttoface?GraduallyInoticedthatthereweretwo otherthings:theDionnequintuplets! andtheRoyalCanadianMountedPolice.MostAustraliansseemedtothink thatthesepolicedressedindazzling redandgolduniforms,ridingthrough theforestssingingIndianLoveCalls, wereseenateverybendintheroad,or shouldIsaytrail?Ishouldliketo makeitquiteclearhereandnowthat Ihadneverseenaredcoatuntilthe KingvisitedCanadatwoyearsago, andveryfewmountiesridehorses. Aeroplanesandmotor-cycleshavereplacedtheseandalsotakenacertain amountofromancefromthesesupposedlyromanticmen.

Ihavewonderedveryoftenlately justwhyAustralianshadsomuchdifficultyindifferentiatingbetweenCanadaandtheU.S.Perhapsitisbecausethereisnosetboundary,suchas ariverormountainrange.There arenoguns,noforts,reallynotrade barriers.Thecentreofcommerceis inNewYork,asisalsothecentreof culture.NorthandSouththesetwo countriesareone.EveryCanadianhas certaincharacteristicsthatareessentiallyAmerican,whetheritmeans CanadianoroftheUnitedStates.We areallimpatienttogetajobdone, eagerforindividualsuccess,interested inthefuture,imbuedwithastrong senseoftheChristianprinciplesof rightandwrong.

ButaswellastheNorth-Southaxis, thereisanEast-Westone,withits centreinLondon.CanadiangovernmentiscontrolledbytheStatuteof Westminster,Britishcapitalcontrols thewheatandappleindustries.

ThereisalwaysthisconflictinCanada:allegiancetoNewYorkorto London?Uptothepresenttherehas beennodecision,wehavefoughtforit andnothinghasbeendecided,andtodayCanadaiswonderingwhather statuswillbeafterthewar.Willshe heBritishorwillshebethepricepaid forAmericanintervention?

Iampleasedtofindthatpeoplein PerthareinterestedinCanada.Many ofyourmenarenowinourAirTrainingSchools.Theyhadonlybegun whenIleft,buttheywerespringing upalloverthecountry,andwewere proudtohavebeengiventhisrolein theEmpire'swareffort.Thenthe ill-fatedCanadiangarrisonatHongkongremindedtheworldofourfightingforces.Eachdaythereisnewinterestinourcountry.

Itisnecessaryforanyonewhowishes tounderstandacountrytofirststudy herhistory.Canada'sisaveryinterestingandromanticone.Twofactors particularlystandout:humancourageandendurance,andavastand marvellousgeography.FromHalifax toVancouverisadistanceof3,500

miles,andfromMontrealtotheArctic Circle2.000miles.Butthesizeis notawe-inspiringwhencomparedwith thatofAustralia,particularly.However,whenyoumaytravelfromthe AtlanticOceanwithitsicebergsand EskimostotheheightsoftheRockies, whereMt.Fairweathertowers15,000 feet,andthendownagaintotheaqua greenwatersofthePacific,wherethe Douglasfirsgrowveryhigh,hunt polarbearsinthenorth,harvest wheatontheprairies,andinvestcapitalintheoilwellofSouthernAlberta, youbegintorealisethevastnessand illimitableresourcesofCanada.

Afewyearsagotherewaspublished anamazingbookcalled,"TheNorthwestPassage."Probablythemajorityofyouhavereadit.Incidentally thebackgroundofitisabsolutelytrue. Itstheme,thatoftheNorth-westPassage,isthekeynoteofCanada'shictory.ItwasthedesireoftheElizabethanmerchantsandseamentofind ashortroutetotheEastthatledto thediscoveryofCanada.However,it didnotstopthere.Evenafteracolonyhadbeenbuiltontheshoresof theNorthAtlanticthatpassionstill ledCanadianswestward,untiltheyhad foundgreatriversandmountains,and theyultimatelystoodupontheshores ofthePacificandfacedthefabulous East,notdreamingthattheyhadalreadyfoundwealthinexcessoftheir

ers,missionaries,andadministrators, wholaidthefoundationofthecountrystrongandtrue.Champlainis thefirst,actuallyamapmakerandgeographer.HefoundedthefirstsettlementinCanadain1609.Merchantsin Francewerealwayseagertosend moneyandsuppliestothisnewworld. TheChurch,too,waseagerforconverts.Handinhandwiththeexplorerwentthemissionary,indeed oftenthemissionarywentfirst.Champlainsawinthefutureagreatand powerfulcountry.Hebuiltthecity ofQuebec,foundedschools,startedindustries,andsentexplorerseverwestward.UnfortunatelyhealliedhimselfwiththeAlgonquinIndians,and throughthemgainedthehatredofthe Iroquois.However,thesetwotribes hatedoneanotheranyway,andultimatelytheCanadianswouldhavehad toallaythemselveswithoneorthe other.

IntheclaysoftheFrenchinCanada thepriest,thesoldier,thenobleruled. Theignorantlight-heartedpeasant knewnothingaboutpopularrights andcivilliberties.Thesettlements alongtheSt.Lawrencewerelikeafarextendedcamp,whereanarmylayat rest,readyforthemarchorforthe battle,andwherewarandadventure, nottradeandtillage,seemedthechief aimoflife.Thelordsofthesoilwere noblemen,forthemostpartsoldiers,or

VotreatholieLecturer's

TributetoCatholicism

desires."TheNorthwestPassage,"in theimaginationofallfreepeople,isa shortcuttofame,fortuneandromance-ahiddenroutetoGolcondaand themysticEast.Oneverysideof usaremenwhohuntperpetuallyfor theirpersonalNorthwestPassage,too oftensacrificinghealth,strengthand lifeitselfinthesearch,andwhoshall saytheyarenothappierintheirvain buthopefulquest,thanwiser,duller folkwhositathomeventuringnothing, and,withsourlaughs,deridingtheseekersforthatfabledthoroughfare-that panaceaforalltheafflictionsofa humdrumworld."

JohnSebastianCabotwasthefirst seeker.HesailedfromBristolin 1497,andlandedontheshoresofCape Breton.AllEnglandfetedhim,but whenhecouldnotbringbackcargoes ofsilksandspicesandrareperfumes, themerchantswithdrewtheirsupport andforgothisdiscovery.However, itwasCabotthatplantedtheflagof theTudorsuponthesoilofCanadaand establishedtheclaimofprioritythat enabledEnglandtoreturnlaterand coloniseit.

TheFrenchtookthenextstep, nearlyfortyyearslater.CartiersailedfromSt.MaloandfoundtheSt.LawrenceRiver.Convincedthathehad foundtheNorthwestPassage,heexpectedtoseestatelytemplesandEasternspiresateverybendintheriver. HenamedtherapidsabovethepresentcityofMontreal,LaChine.But heonlyfoundthesqualorofIndian tepeesandgreasy,dirtybravesintheir feathersandfurs.Hetriedtoestablishacolony.Thecruelwinterand thepovertyoftheIndiansconvinced himthathemustlookelsewherefor CathayandtheFrenchdepartedfrom theriver.

Imentionedafewmomentsago thatthetwooutstandingfactorsin thehistoryofCanadawerethecourageofthepeopleandthegeographyof theland.Nowhereisthismoreapparentthanintheearlycolonisation oftheFrench.Fewcountrieshave beenservedbymenofgreaterforesightandcouragethanCanada.After Cartiercameasuccessionofadventur-

thesonsofsoldiers,proudandostentatious,thriftlessandpoor,andthe peopleweretheirvassals.Overeach clusterofsmallwhitehousesglitters thesacredemblemofthecross.The church,theconvent,andtheroadside shrinewereseenatevery-turn,andin thetownsandvillages,onemeteach momenttheblackrobeoftheJesuit, thegreygarboftheRecollet,andthe formalhabitoftheUrsalinenun.The namesofthesaints,St.Joseph,St. Ignatius,St.Francis,wereperpetuatedinthecapes,rivers,andislands,the fortsandvillagesoftheland,andwith everydaycrowdsofsimpleworshipperskneltinadorationbeforecountlessaltarsoftheRomanfaith. Champlainhadsaid,"Thesavingofa soulisworthmorethantheconquest ofanempire."FourFranciscan monkscamewithhiminhisfirstvoyage.Andmanytimesthetaskofcolonisationwouldhavebeenabandoned butforthehopeofcastingthepure lightofthefaithoverthegloomy wastesofheathendom.AllFrance wasfilledwiththemissionaryzeal. MontrealwasfoundedasacityofGod inthewilderness.Itwasthemissionary,FatherMarquette,whofoundedthegreatMississippi. From1609to1763,Canadawasknown asNewFrance.QuebecCitywasthe centreofgovernment,Montrealthatof trade.TheSt.Lawrencewasthe routebetweenthetwo,andactedas theroad.TheoldFrenchsystemof landtenurewasadoptedwhichgave securitytothecolonistsasfaraspossible.Thelordofthemanorprotectedhispeopleandallowedthemto grindtheirwheatathismill,baketheir breadathisoven,hideinthesafetyof hisfortduringseige.Theyrepaid himinkind.Regalpompsimilarto thatofPariswascontinuedinQuebec withgoldbraid,fanfareoftrumpets, andcourtballs.Ican'timpresstoo muchuponyourthecompletenessof thisFrenchoccupation.,Thesettlers lovedCanadaandputintoitpermanenttraditionsandcustoms.Themen werenotagriculturalists,butrather furtraders.Theylovedthewildlife oftheforests.Theylovedthewild

lifeofthenative,theromanceofthe campfire.Thenarrowmethodsof Englishrulewerealientothem.They couldn'tunderstandrepresentative governmentwhentheyhadbeenused topaternalism.IwantyoutorememberNewFranceinthepictureofQuebec,Montreal,Peasantfarms,Indian tradingposts,largestonechurches, waysideshrines-andoveralltheindomitablefaithofRomanCatholicism.

Strangelyenough,Englandrefused torecogniseNewFrance,andcontinuallysentoutsettlers.BritainfoundedHalifaxin1749andbegantheconstructionofastrongBritishcitadel.In thenorththeFrenchbuiltLoiusburg. Thenin1756the7Years'Warstarted andsettledthefateofCanadawithout theconsentoftheCanadians.The MarquisdeMontcalmcommandedthe FrenchatQuebec,andtheEnglish wereledbyGeneralWolfe.Bywhat weto-daywouldcallFifthColumnactivity,thecitadelwastakenandNew FrancewasturnedovertotheEnglish. ThisisthecruelpartinCanada'shistory.Atthetimeofthevictorythere were65,000FrenchinCanadaascomparedwith400English.Atfirstthe conquerorsattemptedtoforcetheir lawsandcustomsupontheFrench. Thiswasaghastlyfailure,andone thateverytrueBritontriestoforget. Perhapsyouhavereadthestoryof EvangelinebyLongfellow.ThousandsofAcadianfarmerswhohadlivedforyearsupontheirsmallfarms weremercilesslyevictedbytheBritish andplaceduponshipsboundforunknownports.Noattemptwasmade tokeepfamiliestogether,andthese poorpeoplesawtheirhomesburnas theysteppedontotheships.Butthe FrenchCatholicisstrong.Suchtreatmentonlymadehimmoreresolutely Catholicandanti-British.Ultimately thetroublewasrightedintheQuebec Actof1774.Religiousfreedom,freedomoflanguage,customandcivillaw was.giventotheCanadians.This treatyisimportantto-day,becauseit isthepivotuponwhichFrench-CanadiansupportforEnglanddepends.The French-Canadianofto-dayisintensely religious.CanadaisthegreatestCatholiccountryintheworld.The Churchleadershaveoriginallyderived theirpowerfromEngland.Inorderto betruetohisChurch,everyFrenchCanadianistruetoEngland.They aretherealCanadians;theywillfight forCanadaandfortheirChurch,but neverdirectlyforEngland. TherevoltoftheBritishcoloniesto thesouthfinallydecidedtheissuein Canada.One-thirdoftheAmericans didnotwanttorevolt,andweresent outofthecolonies.TherewereUnitedEmpireLoyalists.Themajorityof themcametoCanada-40,000ofthem, TheysettledinNovaScotia,New Brunswick,andOntario.Nowthe twonationalitieswerefairlyequally distributed,CanadawouldremainBritish. Canadanowsettleddowntoaperioi ofsolidation.Incidentallytherewas awarbetweenCanadaandtheUnited Statesin1812.Itmatterslittletcday.Noconcessionsweremadeto eitherside,andnoboundarieswere changed.ItactuallyhelpedCanada inthatitshowedtheCanadiansthat theywereanationandthattheir homeswereworthfightingfor.

Afteryearsofbitternessanddebate, andevenbloodshed,thetwonational groups,FrenchandEnglish,cameto anagreementin1867,andthedominion ofCanadawasreallyformed.Itwas calledadominionafterthepsalm72: "Heshallhavedominionalsofromsea tosea,andfromtheriveruntothe endsoftheearth."Itwasadelicate state:twoverystrongpoliticalandreligiousgroupssidebyside.Againthe questfortheNorthwestPassagedecidedtheissue.

WhiletheCanadiansintheEastwere livinginluxuryandsecurity,therewere IndiansintheWestthathadnever seenawhiteman.Herdsofbuffalo grazeduntouched,mountainstowered unseen,preciousmetalslayjustbelow

(ContinuedonPage12.)

IRISHNATIONALSTEPDANCING.

Thesecondofthe1942-1943seriesof IrishNationalStepDancingCompetitions,conductedunderstandardregulationsandconditions,willbeheldat CathedralHall(Opp.Hospital),Murray-street,Perth,onSundayweek, June14,at2.30p.m.,andwillbeconcludedintimetoattendBenediction attheCathedral.Allinterestedare invitedtoattend,andmembersofthe AustralianandAmericanForceswho desiretoattendwillbeaccordeda warmwelcome.Thedancingwillbe interspersedwithitems.

ControlCommittee.

TheIrishNationalForestershave beenveryfortunateandgreatlyappreciatesecuringtheenthusiasticsupportofRev.BrotherMaguire,whohas afullknowledgeoftheartofIrish stepdancinganditscontrolandadvancementinMelbourneandSydney, andinincorporatinghiminthecommitteeitconstitutedin1934tocontrolIrishnationalstepdancing,is quiteconfidentthatitsidealtorecaptureandperpetuatecorrectIrish stepdancingwillreceiveanimpetus whichwillcrowntheworkofthose whohaveappreciatedtheSociety'sobjectiveandhavebeengivingmuchof theirtimeintheconductandarrangementofcompetitionswithsuccess.

MeetingofOfficialsandJudges.

Atawellattendedmeeting,calledby theControlCommittee,heldonSunday,May24,muchconstructivediscussionandsuggestionshasresulted inthefollowingdecisionsbycommittee: 1

1.Thatitbestronglyrecommended toallcompetitorsthatdressforcompetitionsbe:-Girls:Whitefrock,sash wornaroundwaist),green,rosetteof greenandgold.Thoseovertenyears towearstockings.Infolkdancing (i.e.,eight-handedreel,etc.),greencape linedgoldtobeworn.Boys:Dark knickers,whiteshirt,greentie,green sash(wornaroundwaist),golfhose, greenandgoldrosette.Nodancerto wear"tips"onshoes.

2.Music:Thistobevaried,asthere areinnumerablebeautifulIrishjigs, reelsandhornpipes,andteachers shouldweantheirpupilsfromthe ideathatthe"IrishWasherwoman," howevernice,asitmaybe,istheonly jig,andsoon,thatexists.

3.Steps:Messrs.JimHealy,Ryan, andB.Condrenwereappointedto drawupsixstepsforIrishjig,reel, andhornpipe,toberecommendedto teachersforcompetitionpurposes. This,ofcourse,doesnotpreclude teacherswhomaybeabletogettraditionalIrishstepsfromotherswho maybeproperlyqualifiedtoimpart them-butgreatcaremustbetaken toensurethatsuchstepsarereally Irishtraditionalones.ThisisadefinitemovetohavenothingbutcorrecttraditionalIrishstepdancingand toeleminatewhatissooftenlabelled Irishstepdancing,butisnothing morethanagymnasticdisplaywith Irishmusic-goodrhythm,perchance, butdefinitelyanexhibitionofbad tasteorcompleteignoranceoftheart.

MeetingofDancingTeachers, Immediatelyaftercompetitionon 14th.inst.,eachandeveryteacherwho maybeinterestedisrequestedtoattendameetingatwhichMessrs.Healy, RyanandCondrenwillbepresent.

TheRev.BrotherMaguirewillalso bepresent,asheisparticularlydesirousofmeetingeveryIrishmanwho hasaknowledgeofIrishstepdancing,andtothesetheI.N.F.extendsa mostcordialinvitationandearnestappealtoattend,andisquiteconfident thatallwhoareinterestedwillbepresent.ToolonghastheartofIrish stepdancingbeentheobjectoftravesty.

IRISHNATIONALSTEPDANCING COMPETITIONS.

1942--1943SERIES.

IRISHREEL-4Grades.

SUNDAY,JUNE14,at2.30p.m.

CATHEDRALHALL OppositeHospital', MURRAYSTREET,PERTH.

-YOU-andallinterested,aswellasMembers ofForces,cordiallyinvitedtoattend. NoAdmissionChange.

FortheIrishNationalForestersJIMDWYER,Gen.Secretary. 17CarnarvonStreet,VictoriaPark.

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

SocialMatches.

TheAssociationexecutivehasbeen pleasedwiththesuccessoftheinitial seriesoforganisedsocialmatches,and itisanticipatedthatthefurtherfixturesarrangedwillprovejustasenjoyable.Thesecondserieswilltake placeonSunday,June14,andareas follows: St.Thomas'andSt.Brigid's,tomeet Nedlands,atNedlands;St.Joachim's tomeetSt.Mary'satLeederville;St. ColumbatomeetSt.Patrick's,atFremantle;StaroftheSeaandSt.Anthony'stomeetTheresians,atInglewood. ThematcharrangedbetweenSt. Kevin'sandHighgate,atHighgate, willbeplayedonthe21st.inst.,insteadofthe14th.

SIXTHCATHOLICTOWIN

VICTORIACROSS.

TheVictoriaCrosshasbeenawarded posthumouslytoLieutenantJames Jackman,whocommandedamachine guncompanyatTobruk.Lieutenant Jackmanbecomesthe23rd.recipient oftheVictoriaCrossinthepresent war,andthesixthCatholictoreceive thehonour.BorninDunLaoghaire, Eire,thelateLieutenantJackmanwas educatedatStonyhurstCollege,England,conductedbytheJesuitFathers. HeisthesecondpastpupilofthecollegetoreceivetheVictoriaCrossin thesecondWorldWar,andtheseventh inallwars.MajorErvine-Andrews, firstmilitaryofficertoreceiveaV.C. inthiswar,wasalsoapastpupilof Stonyhurst.

AMERICANS"brothersnotcousins"

(ContinuedfromFrontCover.)

Somehavereallygreattribulationin life,andiftheydominateit,itbutenriches,purifiestheircharacterasonly greatheatcanmakethefineststeel outofcommoniron.

"Thereisanoldsayingthatsorrow contractslittlesouls,butexpandsbig ones.Besurethatsorrowofany kinddoesn'tmakeyoupettyandselfish.Evenso,lookingacrossthespan oftimefromthelastWorldWarto thepresentday,wefindthatinthe Divineplanitwasdecreedthatthe sorrowsencounteredbythelossofso manylovedoneshavepurifiedandenrichedbothyourandournational character;havenotcontractedus,but expandedus;havenotleftussoftand undeveloped,buthaveconditionedus spirituallytowithstandthebloody onslaughtsofourenemiesto-day.We arenolongerpettyandselfish,but liberalandanxioustodorightand justicetoall.

PeaceWithJusticeForAll.

"Rememberingourdeadofthelast WorldWar,maywewhisperasincere prayerthatfortheirsacrificeGod maygrantthemeternalpeace.For theirsakeandthesakeofthosethousandsofmenenmeshedinthenetof battleto-day,letusjoininprayerfor aspeedyrestorationofpeace,apeace fortheworldwithjusticetoallnations andpeoples.Withoutdesecratingthe solemnityofthisday,orthememory ofthedeedsofoursoldiersgonebeforeus,Isaythat,ifourcivilisation istobesaved,itcannotbedoneby humanpowerorhumansciencealone. Itcanbeaccomplishedonlybythe bringingintolivingcontactthespirit ofGodwiththespiritofpatriotism. TheunhappyforgetfulnessofGodthat hasmarkedourcivilisationmakesit hardformanypeopletorealisethat humbleprayerandcleanChristianlivingalonecanchangethefateofnations.Forthesakeofthemenwhose spiritandmemorywecommemorate today,inthishourofworldcrisis,let usshowforthourconfidenceinthe powerofprayer.WithGodonour sideandtheheroicspiritofourpa- triotstoguideus,wewillmarchover breastworkandfallenfoe,overcannon belchingforthitsfireofdeath;wewill marchontovictory."(Prolongedapplauwe.)

STOVES,allenamel,newandused; lowestprices;promptrepairs...W.A. StoveCo.,559WellingtonSt.(B6307.)

*BlackoutinBritaitt

* PROSANDCONSOF ATOTALBLACKOUT

INBritain,atotalblackoutwascontinuouslyenforcedthroughout citiesandcountrysidefromthe outbreakofwar,notonlyafterair raidwarningshadbeengivenCutall nightandeverynight,evenduringthe manymonthswhenmostareashadno warnings.Theonlyexceptionswere certainspeciallyexemptedopen-air work-places(suchasrailroadmarshallingyards)whereworkessentialtothe wareffortcouldnotbecarriedonin totaldarkness.

Arigidlyenforcedtotalblackout facilitatesthepreventionoffifth-columnactivitiesduringairraids.Sig nallingtohostileaircraftbylightsis discouragedwhenthesmallestsign oflightislikelytoleadtoinvestigationbypoliceorwardens.Onthe otherhand,atotalblackoutinevitably addstothedifficultyofcarryingon usefulactivities,andhasadepressing effectonthepopulation.

Thefollowingnotesarebaselupon Britishpracticedesignedtosecurea totalblackout.Ifonlyapartialblackoutisrequired,thispracticecouldbe suitablymodified.

Light-InsidetheBuildings.

InBritain,internalilluminationis maintainedduringairraids.Importantworkmustnotbeinterrupted,and manypeopleprefertocarryonwith theirnormaloccupationsunlessbombs arefallinginthenearvicinity.Darknessinsidebuildingswouldhavebeen badformorale;itwould,moreover, hamperfire-fightingandattentionto casualties;itmightfacilitatesabotage. Theblackoutisobtained,therefore,by thetotalscreeningofallwindows,skylights,doors,andotherapertures, againsttheegressoflightfromwithin.

Amethodofscreeningwindows whichisbothsimpleandsatisfactory isthatofusinglightproofcurtains curtainswhichcanbedrawnacross thewindowduringthedarkhours.A completeblackoutisobtainablebyliningmostordinarycurtainswithone thicknessofcloselywovenblackcottoncloth.Thecurtainsmustbeso arrangedastopreventlightfiltering roundthesides,top,andbottom;i.e. byhavingaconsiderableoverlapbeyondtheedges,topandbottomofthe window,andwheretwocurtainsmeet inthemiddle,byhavingthemoverlaponeanother.Theoverlapmust beoneofatleastsixinches.The curtainsmusthangclosetothewindowaperture,otherwisereflectedlight escapes.Alternatively,thecurtains maybecontinuouslyattachedatthe sidestoawoodenbattennailedtothe wall,maybealittlelongerthanis necessarytoreachtheground,anda .4.4,041,P.....#0M+PMINPOIMIP.41#

ATTADALEDAIRY. FREMANTLEROAD,MELVILLE.

EDWINH.MITCHELL

MILKFROMATTADALEDAIRY.

MilkDeliveredtoanypartof FremantleandSuburbsDaily. TEL.L1443.

CLAREMONTRADIOAND ELECTRICALSERVICE. 118STIRLINGHIGHWAY, CLAREMONT. 'PhoneF3068. INSTALLATIONANDREPAIRSTO ANYTHINGELECTRICAL.

RADIOSALES-CASHORTERMS vimmulummuumummInminimn.w.mum....

TelephoneB4757.

MARTINP.RYAN (M.W.A.O.A.)

Optometristand Optician

SonofLateM.P.Ryan,lateof Fremantle.

ORIENTLINEBUILDINGS, WILLIAMSTREET,PERTH.

blackclothvalancemaybeinstalled atthetopsoastohangoverthetop ofthecurtaintoadepthofatleast 6inches.Theblackliningcanbe temporarilyattachedtothecurtains withsafety-pins.Itshouldbeattachedtotheouter(windowsideofthe curtains;ifattachedtotheinnerside itgivesafunerealeffectintheroom. Thecurtainsshouldbecarefullyarrangedeachnightbeforedarkfall,and theblackoutshouldbeinspectedfrom outsideassoonasdarkhasfallen.

Windowsmustbekeptclosedduring blackouthours,ifthereisanyilluminationintheroom,unlessarrangementsaremadetopreventthewind disturbingthecurtainssothatlight canescape.

AlternativeMeasures.

Anothermethodofblackingout windowsistohavecarefullyfittedto thewindowrecessashutterofstout cardboardorofplywood,whichcan bereadilyplacedinpositionatdarkfallandsecuredbywedges,hooks, screws,orsomeothermethodappropriatetotheconstructionoftheindividualwindow.Asanadditionalprecaution,stripsoffeltmaybeglued alongtheouteredgesoftheshutter. Theshuttermustbekeptawayfrom radiatorsinthedaytime,sincetheheat mightcausewarpingandsocausethe shuttertobecomenolongerlighttight.Theseshutters,ifsecurelyfastened,havetheadditionaladvantage ofgivingsomeprotectiontotheoccupantsoftheroomagainstflying glass,ifabombfallsoutside.

Stillanothermethodofblackingout windowsistocoverthemwithathick coatofblackpaint.Thisisunsatisfactory,exceptasatemporaryemergencymeasure,inroomswhichare occupiedforconsiderableperiodsata time,sincecontinuousartificiallight hasadepressingeffectonthespirits andabadeffectonhealth.Themethodmay,however,besuitableinbathrooms,toilets,staircases,hallway.;, storerooms,etc. Insteadofpaintingthewindows, blackpapermaybefixedtothewindowglassbystrongadhesivepaste. Thishasthesamedisadvantageas paint,andinadditionthepapersometimesbecomesperforatedortorn. Venetionblindsdonotbythemselvesprovideatotalblackout.

Shafts,evenblackones,donotprovideatotalblackoutunlesstheyare wideandlongenoughtooverlapthe windowglassbysomeinches.

BewareofDirectLight.

Unlessthescreeningofthewindows isveryefficient,nodirectlightshould beallowedtofallonthewindowsfrom lightswithinthebuilding.Electric lightsmaybeshadedontheside nearestthewindowbyasheetofdark paperorcardboard,orbyapieceof darkcloth,whichshouldnottouchthe electricbulb.

Theventilationofroomsduringthe blackoutcanbesecuredbysuitable modificationofthewindowscreensso astoconstitutealight-trap.Alternatively,thelightsintheroomcanbe extinguishedfromtimetotimein orderthatthewindowsmaybethrown openforashortperiodandtheairin theroomchanged.Ifbedroomwindowsareleftopenduringthenight, occupantsmustbecarefulnotto switchonthelight,iftheywake, withoutfirstclosingthewindowsand arrangingthescreens.

Skylightsoverstaircases,andin roomswhichhavewindows,areusuallycoveredwithblackpaintandmust bekeptclosedduringdarkhours.

Opendoorsallowlighttoescape fromanilluminatedinterior.Instores, apartmenthouses,offices,andfactories,plywoodpartitionswithorwithoutcurtainsmaybeinstalledsothat nolightcanescapeevenwhenthedoor isopened.Inhouses,thelightinthe lobbyorhallmaybesodrastically reducedandscreenedthatnoneescapesfromthedoorwhenopen;acurtainacrossthedoorwayisanadditionalsafeguard. Externalandstorewindowlighting isprohibited,butasmallanddimlyilluminatedsignmaybedisplayedif placedinsideawindoworwithina (ContinuedonBackCover.)

Turf

...SOTHISISCANADA

(ContinuedfromPage9.)

thesurfaceofthenorthernforests. WhiletheEnglishsettlersontheAtlanticbuiltuptheirseabornetradeand watchedrichharvestsrisefromtheir labours,theFrenchwereboisterously pushingintotheunexploredwest,settingupfortsandtradeposts.One suchtrader,PierreRadisson,sawthe valueofthewesterntrade,andasked helpfromtheFrenchauthorities.This wasbackintheFrenchperiod.He wasofferedsuchunfairtermsthathe turnedtoEngland.In1670theHudson'sBayCo.wasformed.Thiswas knownastheGovernorandCompany ofAdventurersTradingintoHudson's Bay,andheldswayoverallthelands drainedbyriversflowingintoHudson'sBay.

Itwasafurtrader,AlexanderMcKenzie,whocrossedtheRockiesand cametothePacific.

Thegreatcentralwheatcountrywas foundedbyScots.Theyhadbeen drivenfromtheirhomesontheborderlandsofScotland,andundertheleadershipofLordSelkirk,voyagedacross theAtlantic,toHudson'sBay,down theAlbayRivertothepresentsiteof thecityofWinnepeg.Theywere

harassedbyIndiansandhalfbreeds, whofearedthatthenewcolonistwould killofftheirmeansoflivelihood.

Winnepegto-dayisthegraincityof theworld.

Usuallypopulationforcesnewmodes oftransportation.ThereweresettlementsinWesternAustralialongbefore theEast-WestR.R.wasbuilt.InCanadatheR.R.camefirst.Thebuilding oftheC.P.R.wasanepicofdanger anddifficulty,andagainitwasaScot whoachievedtheimpossible.Crossingthemountainsthelinehadto climbto5,000feet.

TheimmediateresultofitscompletionwastheopeningupoftheWest. TheunrestandrevolutionsinEurope filledthetrainwithimmigrantsfrom everycountry.Settlementssprang upacrosstheWestwhereverthesite presenteditself.Therailwaylinked EasttoWest.ThePacificwasasimportanttoWinnepegastheAtlantic. Canadabegantogrow.

WhatoftheCanadaofto-day?

Therearenownineprovinces:Nova Scotia,P.E.I.,NewBrunswick,Quebec,Ontario,Manitoba,Saskatchewan, Alberta.andBritishColumbia.HalifaxisaBritishtownruledbythe militarycolonelsandtheAnglicanBis-

TheLibraryLectures

(ContinuedfromPage6.) chargeswithoutanyapparentoutwardcompensation,beingintheserviceoftheChurch,andChrististhe inspirationbehindtheSisters,Brothersandclergy-theironlycompensation.

TheCatholicActionprogrammein America,inmyopinion,isnotaswell organisedandassertiveasitmight be.Thereare,however,verygood signsofthedevelopmentofitsorganisationalworkandevidencesofCatholic Actiongettingthedesiredresults.,In manychurches,studygroupsanddiocesanclubsareverycommon.You can'talwaysfallbackonthepriestfor theanswertothequestionsofthenonCatholic-thenthebestwaytoarm theCatholicistoeducatehim(the adult)withthevalidChurchviewon questionsofasocial,religious,orpoliticalnature.Iwasamemberofsuch astudyclubinSt.James'Church,in Manchester,Conn.

AnothergroupIthinkworthyof mentioninAmericaintheprotection oftheChurch'sinterestsanditspromotionistheKnightsofColumbus.I speakasamemberofthisorganisation,whichcelebratesits60th.birthdaythisyear.Itsmembersarein everyState,everyprovinceofCanada,Mexico,Cuba,PuertoRico, CanalZone,Philippines,andinNewfoundland.Ithasover2,400Councilsandover400,000members.MembersmustbepracticalCatholicsand theKnightsofColumbusengagesin fraternal,religiousandwelfareactivi-

Wm.A.YOUNG FAMILYBUTCHER.

CornerJOHN&FITZGERALD STREETS,PERTH.

FORQUALITYMEATYOU'LLLOVETOEAT. 'PhoneB1416.

HomeofGoodShepherd Laundry,Leederville

UnderDirectionoftheSistersof theGoodShe-'herd.

DRYCLEANINGANDART

NEEDLEWORKASPECIALTY, VESTMENTS,HANDLACE, FANCY-GOODSSUPPLIED.

BRIDALVEILSCANBEHAD ONHIRE.

CountryOrdersPromptly Despatched.

'Phone:B1185.

DEAF?

HEARCLEARLY -WithWesternElectric AUDIPHONE

ConsultWithoutObligation. SAINKEN&SAINKEN. HAYSTREET, NextAmbassadorsTheatre.

hop.St.Johnisthecentreofthe U.E.L.stock.ItisproudofitstraditionandprofoundlyBritish.CharlottetownisScotchandfamousforpotatoes. Itwasherethatthefirstplanofconfederationwasconceived.BeforeLord SelkirkstartedhiscolonyatWinnepeghehadatrialonehere.Quebec Cityistheromanticandhistoricgem ofAmerica.Theoldcitadelinwhich CountFrontenacheldhisglorious courtstilldominatestheHeightso: Abraham.TheoldUralineConvent, theCathedraldelaVictoire,theBishop'sPalace,thelittlemarketwaggons, thecobblestones-theseareQuebec. Ontheoutskirtsofthecitylifegoes onasitdidinthedaysofNewFrance. Thenarrowstripsoffarminglandrunningdowntotheshoresoftheriver, thegayhookedmatshungonthe woodenfences,themusicofsleigh bellsinthewintertime,thelaughter andsingingfromthehabitantcottages, thebake-ovensintheyards,-themassivestonechurches-Quebecwillalwaysbeaglimpseofthepast,never thecolourless,smooth,steel,worldof to-day.Montrealisthethirdlargest Frenchcityintheworld.Itisthe tradecentre,thecentreofgaylife, bigbusiness,money.

OttawaisthecapitalcityofCanada. HerearetheParliamentbuildings,the PeaceTower,thehomeoftheGovernor-General.Itisbuiltonthesiteof afamousbattleinthedaysoftheIndianraidsontheFrenchcities.

ties.ManyofitsmembersareCatholicpriests,whoareactiveinthe organisation.

IshouldliketoclosewithafewcommentsontheCatholicsoldierinthe UnitedStatesArmy.HeistheAmericanthatmostofyouwillcomein contactwithandwillobservewhilehe isservinginAustralia.HeistheCatholicwhowantstokeepuphisfaith whileintheserviceofhiscountry.

HeisaboutasgoodaCatholicashe wouldbeifhewereincivilianlifeinotherwords,heislukewarm"now ifhewas"lukewarm"whenhejoined theArmy.WehaveatypicalAmericanArmy,composedofallraces,coloursandcreeds.Everyrosterwill revealnamescharacteristicoftheEuropeanlandstheirancestorsorparents camefrom.You'llfindtheminmany waysretainingtemperamentsand traitsoftheirancestry,butallpossessanAmericanstampaboutthem.

TheArmyisfullyawareofthesoldier'sreligiouswelfare,andprovides chapelsandchaplainsforhim.You'll findeveryArmycampintheU.S.A. dottedwithchapelsthatarefinebuildings,simpleandbeautifulindesign.

I'veseenasmanyaseightchapels atoneFortwherethesoldierpopulationmightbe25,000men.Onhis identificationtags,or"dogtags,"as theboyscallthem,isstampedinthe lowerright-handcorneraninitialsymbolofhisreligion-sohe'llhave properattentionandspiritualservice shouldbebecomeillorbecomea casualty.

TheNationalCatholicWelfareConferenceisoneoftheorganisations whoareparticipatingwiththeUnited ServiceOrganisationinmanagingthe soldiers'recreationprogramme.All theorganisationshavejoinedhands andco-operatethroughthisagency, knownasthe"U.S.O."tothemen.It meansinsteadofaduplicationofservicesandamultitudeoforganisations drawingformoney,theunifiedbody bringsaboutamorecompleteand moreefficientservicetothemembers ofthearmedforces.Welearntone lessoninthelastwar.Wehadtoo manyagenciesandwelfarewhichgeneratedjealousies,andtheirservicesto thesoldiersandsailorssuffered.The new"U.S.O."ideaisworkingoutvery well,andtheAmericanpubliclikes oneagencyaskingforfundsinsteadof halfadozendrives.

MajorGeneralArnold,oftheUnitedStatesArmy,isthechiefChaplain. HeisaCatholicpriestwhohasmade manyadvancesintheArmy'sreligiousprogramme.BishopJohnF. O'Hara,formerpresidentofNotre DameUniversity,istheAuxiliaryBishopoftheArmyandNavy,andhas probablythelargestandmostwidespreaddioceseintheworld.

TheAmericansoldierandsailorisin everycorneroftheglobe,andwillfight whereverhecanmeettheenemy.He preferstofighthimontheenemy's homesoil.Hegoesanywhereonthe commandofhisgovernment.Heis endowedwithaspiritoffreedom.Most ofusAmericansthoughtourfreedom wasinherited,butweknownowthat wehavetofightforit,andearnitat times.Wetrustourcausetoinsure thisfreedomwillbesecuredearly, andIknowourfaith,theCatholic Faith,willhelpustoachieveit.

TorontoisthelargestcityinCanadaandisBritishtothecore.There isnothingcosmopolitanaboutthis citywithitswelllaidoutstreetsand massivepublicbuildings.Ontario containsone-thirdofthepopulationof Canadaandmorethanhalfthewealth. Allthefactoriesaswellasthegreatest minesarethere.Inthesouththeclimateisidealforfruitgrowing.The mightyfallsofNiagarasenduntold electricpowertothemanufacturing centres.TheGreatLakesformaninlandsea;LakeSuperioritselfis largerthantheStateofIreland.

WhatcanIsayoftheRockies?One mustseethemtorealisetheirimpressivesizeandbeauty.Theyareadark reddishbrowncolour,gorgedwithdark ravinesandvalleys.Tallgreenpines growatthebase,'dwindlingintostubby brownbushesastheygetclosertothe snowline.Theretheglaciersbegin, endinginrushingmountainstreams greenandemeraldinthesunshine.The lakesarebottomlessandicy.Buffalo grazeontheplainsbelow.

BritishColumbiaisabreathofanothercountry,almostAustralia,theclimateissosimilartothatofPerth.Vancouvernestlesintheshadowofthe Rockies,ontheshoresofthePacific. Thereare60,000Chineseand40,000 Japaneseinthisprovince.

WehavecrossedCanadaandlooked atitshistory.Whatofitsfuture? Thismustnecessarilydependuponits wealthandcommerce.Ithasapopulationoftenmillion,ofwhichfivemillionareEnglishandtwoFrench.The remainderaremixed.Thereligionsreflectthenationalities:55percent.Protestantand41percent.Catholic.Completetolerationisgiventoallreligious groups.

Similarlytheliteratureandartand musicspringfromthesenationalgroups. Canadaisstillpioneering.LikeAustralia,shehasnothadtimetobuild upacultureofherown.

IfeelthatIdon'twanttostopnow thatIhavestarted.Iwanttotell youaboutourpeopleandourcustoms andourhomes.ButImuststopand merelyimploreyoutorememberthat thereissuchaplaceasCanadaand thatwhenthewordismentionedthat itstandsforfargreaterthingsthanthe DionnequintupletsandtheMounted Police.

T.VIVIAN, 143Rokeby-road,Subiaco.W1539 FORSEWERAGECONNECTIONS, W1539.

BadWaterPressure,BrokenPedestalPans,BlockedSewerDrains,Cis ternandRoofRepairs,T.V.Headlight lished;andhewithdrewfromanyoffiMaskstoApprovedDesigns. noo#41~4.04.00~........,MONNNPAINOM

Rwastreadinganold-fashionedreel, Withaslowandsteadypace; InacotillonstoodgracefulN, And0,withhisbigroundface, Twaspreciseandprimasapole, Inastatelyminuet, WhileSandMwentwindingabout Witheverylettertheymet.

Zwentstaggeringoverthefloor Withastepmoreboldthanneat: Andhecoulddanceaswellonhishead Ashecoulduponhisfeet.

THE Bushies'Corner

DearCornerites,-Well,hereweare inthemonthofJune,anditisalovely month,becauseinJunewepayspecialdevotiontotheSacredHeart.I supposethatatschoolyouoftensing thatlovelyhymn,"AMessageFrom theSacredHeart.'Thewordsare beautiful,aren'tthey:

AmessagefromtheSacredHeart, WhatmayItsmes,:agebe? Mychild,mychild,giveMethyi,ea:t, MyHearthathbkiforthee. ThisisthemessageJesuss,:nds, Tomypoorheartto-day', AndfromHisThroneinHtavenHe bends TohearwhatIshallsay.

Now,dearchildren,whatisyour answer?Thereisonlyonethatyou willgive,isn'tthere?Anditis,"Come, Jesus,reignwithinmyheart."We singalotofhymnstotheSacred Heart,andIhopethatwemeanthem. Letus,then,inthemonthofJune, prayveryhardtotheSacredHeart, andtryandgettoknowHimbetter andtoloveHimmore. AUNTBESSY. * * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Howareyougettingon?IamverysorrythatIhave notwrittentoyouforsuchalong time.Willyoupleasesendmefour prickcards,andIwilltryandfillthem infortheBushissassoonasIcan.In thisletterIamsendingyoutwoshillingsfortheBushies,whichmyGrandmagaveme.Wehadabigstorm abouttwomonthsago.Itfilledour dam,washedfencesaway,filledinrah. bitburrows,andthewallofourfriend's damoverflowed.Therainstarted aboutfiveo'clockandstoppedabout teno'clock.Youshouldhaveseen thelightningandheardthethunder!

Thenextmorning,whenIlookedatour dam,thebullfrogswerepoppincupand downalloverit.Theyseemedtobe aninchapart,andweremakingthe biggestnoiseIhaveeverheard.The concertlastedforacoupleofdaysand nights,andtheneasedup.Thereare stillplentyoffrogs,buttheydon't makemuchnoisenow.Ithinkthat Iwillclosemyletternow,AuntBessy. Sogood-byeforthistime.

TOMMASSAM.

DearTom,-Thatwasaninteresting letter,andIhopethatIwillhearfrom youquiteoften.InfactIenjoyed readingitsomuchthatIforgaveyou fornotwritingbefore.Thatmust havebeenanastystorm,Tom,and I'mgladthatIwasn'tthere.Wehad onealmostasbadinPerthaboutthe sametime.Iamsendingyouthe prickcardsstraightaway,andIhope *hatyoudosomegoodworkwiththem. AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Itisalongtime sinceIwrotetoyoulast.Ihavefilledintheprickcard,andamsendingit in.Ihopethatyoureachthehundred poundsthisyear.-Yourlovingniece, IRENECHEGWIDDEN.

DearIrene,-Itisindeedalongtime sinceIheardfromyoulast,butI'llforgiveyouifyouwritemoreoftennow. Thankyouforfillingintheprickcard, andI'msurethat,withallmyfriends tohelpme,thehundredpoundswill justcomerollingin. AUNTBESSY. millosolumolmmulm...4...migummellint LEMONADEBOTTLE.

AcknowledgedWithThanks, s.d. TooBusy 50 TomMassam 20 111110101111111MNIMMINNIMMONS9SHOIUNINIUMINHOU1111

DearAuntBessy,-Ihopethatyou arewell.Wehaveonlyaweekforour holidays.Thereisanewboys'school atLeederville,andmytwobrothersgo thereIt'salongtimesinceIhave writtentoyou.-Yourlovingniece, TERESARODAN.

DearTeresa,-I'mverygladtohear fromyou,andIhopethatyouwillkeep onwriting.I'msurethatyourtwo brotherswillliketheirnewschool,and Ihopetheystudyhardandpassall theirexams.Thankyouforthe stamps,Teresa. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-PleasefindenclosedfiveshillingsfortheBusbies.Ihope thatyouarewell.Wishingyouluck.

TOOBUSYTOWRITE.

Dear"TooBusy,"-Youmaybebusy, butyoustillhavetimetothinkofthe Busbies,asisshownbyyourgenerous donation.Pleaseacceptmythanks, andIhopetohearfromyouagain. AUNTBESSY.

"BeholdthisHeartwhichhasloved mensomuch."

THE Alphabettall

Haroldwenttothealphabetball, Wherehesawthequeerestsight, ForeveryletterfromAtoZ

Wasdancingwithallitsmight.

BroadIIwentbalancingupto

AndPseizedQbyhercurl: Whenlockedineachother'sarmsthey flew

Aroundtheroominawhirl.

A,BandCmovedsoeasily ThatHaroldjoinedinthefun. WhenEcametrippingupafterD, Assoftandsweetasanun, Finafrolicisnotalwaysfirst, Althoughheisfirstinafight, AndG,whocomesinthemorninglast, Comesearlyenoughinnight.

Gwassocrossherefusedtodance, AndYhoppedononegreattoe; Jjumpedinajig,whileclumsyoldK Pushedinwhere'erhecouldgo.

Lwasagentlemansopolite Thatheneverfailedtoplease, Sobeautifulpartnerseverywhere Hefoundwiththegreatestease.

Butthenthefunniestthingofall WastoseeoldDoubleU, WhogotsomixedupwithUandV Ilescarcelyknewwhattodo.

AndHaroldwokewiththemorning bright Whenheheardhismammacall, Andtoldherallhiswonderfuldream Aboutthealphabetball.

Andnowwithalphabetblockshebuilds Ahousethatistallandtight; ButhelongstoseeYandB Danceagainsomeothernight.

Ifyourdaughterhasturned14, donotletherwastehertimeat theordinaryschools.Anditisa wasteoftime-especiallynowwhen everyonecapableofdoingajob shouldbeworkinginordertoreleaseothermoreexperiencedpeopleforWarwork.

GiveyourdaughterNOWthe soundtrainingwhichwillenableher toearnherownliving.

THEC.C.C.JUNIORSECRETARIALCOURSEFORGIRLS carriesonwheretheordinary schooleducationhasleftoff,and addsathoroughgroundinginbusinesssubjects.Thecoursetakes aboutnineortenmonths,attheendofwhichtimesheisgivenpractical experienceinourownoffices.Whenshehasgraduatedweawardhera goldEfficiencyBadgeandgiveher

THEFREEUSEOFOUREMPLOYMENTBUREAUFORLIFE.

Atpresentthedemandforgirlsforofficepositionsgreatlyexceeds thesupply,buttheremaycomeatimewhenthepositionwillbereversed.ThatiswhentheinfluenceoftheC.C.C.EmploymentBureau'will beofinestimablevaluetoyourdaughter.INSUREHERAGAINST FUTUREUNEMPLOYMENTbyenrollingherwithusNOW.

11IHIRIMIDIRIMIHSHOU101.101HIHIMIHIDIMIHIMI

THEBESTVALUEFORYOUR MONEYAT F.J.DUFF'S WINESALOON.

CornerARUNDELSTREETand SOUTHTERRACE,FREMANTLE.

'Phone:L1902. .11.1.1MIHIHIH81111111.1a101111U1111111HIHSHIMIHIP110

L.CHARLESWORT1-1, Dip.D.S. DENTALSURGEON.

CLAREMONT-17BROWNST. Tel.F1717.

SUBIACO-133ROKEBYROAD Tel.W1191.

BUNBURY.

LANDandESTATEAGENT

G.H.TEEDE

'Phone31 Private267. SMITH'SBUILDINGS, WELLINGTONST..BUNBURY. Businesses,Farms,Houses,Land ForSale.

J.F.CAIN

17STIRLINGHIGHWAY, COTTESLOE. 'Phone72121,DayorNight. LICENSEDSANITARYPLUMBER, IRONWORKER,SHEETMETAL WORKER.

S.BEECROFT-Butcher

181RokebyRoad,Subiaco.

DnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSold 'PhoneW1373.

J.NEILSON,Optician

S.DANNELL,F.S.M.C.(London), W.A.O.A.

OPTOMETRIST. Tel.:B1616 16PLAZAARCADE,PERTH.

INTERNATIONALFISHERIES

FRESHFISHTWICEDAILY. 131BARRACKSTREET. DELIVERIESANYWHERE. PHONEB2974 SupplierstoHospitals,EducationalandReligiousInstitutions. WEARETHEOLDESTANDLARGESTFISHDISTRIBUTORSIN WESTERNAUSTRALIA.

OLIVEOILINLARGEORSMALLQUANTITIES.

NewHospitalofSt.JohnofGod,Subiaco SPLENDIDUP-TO-DATEACCOMMODATION. ConvenienttoSubiacoandLeedervilleRailwayStationsandTrams. RecentAdditionsconsistofaFully-EquippedX-RAYDEPARTMLNT andCHILDREN'SWARD. PatientsMaySelectTheirOwnMedicalAdvisers. UnfinancialPatientsmaybeadmittedonDoctor'sRecommendation. OPENTOALLDENOMINATIONS.

FRUIT,VEGETABLESWHOLESALE,

WEREYOUONE

SecretsDPthe... CODEWAR

Grippingincidentsofhistory

FrancisBaconleftamessageincipherwhichnocryptographerhasbeen abletointerpret.Itmayholdthe answertothatlong-debatedquestion ofwhetherornotthislearnedphilosopheractuallywrotetheplaysattributedtoShakespeare.

MaryQueenofScotslostherhead becausehersecretmessagesweren't cleverenoughtobafflecryptographers. ThefamousFrenchCaptainDreyfus wasfirstexiledtoDevil'sIsland,later releasedandhonoured,allthroughthe decipheringofsecretmessages.The ManintheIronMask,amysterious prisonerwhowalkedthewallsof Frenchprisonswithhisheadshrouded,wasdiscoveredbyacryptographer tobeGeneralBulonde.Bulonde,whose disobedienceandcowardiceresultedin hisimprisonment,wasa200-yearmysterytoFranceuntilaFrenchArmy officerbrokedownthegreatcipherof LouisXIV.in1890andrevealedhis identity. Thismysteryisusually regardedasunsolved.-Ed.)

Butitwasn'tuntiltheoutbreakof theWorldWarthatthesecretwriting artreacheditspeakofimportance. EvenintheBoerWar,thewell-informedBritishofficerswereabletosend secretmessagesbysimplywriting theminLatin,alanguagewhichmade anyscriptacryptographtotheless learnedBoers.

Foreverycipherthatwasdevised therewasacryptographerwhocould breakit.ThatsinglefactwasresponsibleforsomeofthemostdramaticepisodesoftheWar.

StartingwiththatAugustdaywhen German-ownedradiostationsflashed outthemessage,"ASONISBORN" (theircode-phraseforwar),everyvictoryandeverydefeathaditsecho inthecode-roomsofthewarringnations.

OnthenightofSeptember2,1914, oneGermanarmy,commandedby vonKluck,wasorderedbyradioto drivetheFrenchsouth-eastawayfrom Paris.VonKlucknevergotthemessage,buttheFrenchdid!Crypt°. grapherseasilyworkedoutitsmeaning.GeneralJoffrechangedhisplans. TheFrenchArmysweptfromParis intotheBattleoftheMarne.

In'October,1917,twoZeppelins,returningfromaraidonEngland,hita stormovertheChannel.Onewas blownacrossFranceanddisappeared foreverintheMediterraneanSea.The othersettledmoreorlessgentlyina FrenchfieldandwascapturedsinglehandedbyaverysurprisedoldFrench policeman.

ColonelRichardWilliams,ofthe UnitedStatesArmyIntelligencesection,wasveryinterestedinknowing whathadhappenedtotheZeppelin's code-books.Theycouldn'thavebeen droppedonland.Theycouldn'thave beenburnedwithahydrogen-filled bagabovethecrew.Buttheymight havebeentornupandthrownoverboardjustbeforetheshipcametoearth-andtheyhadbeen!

ColonelWilliamsgotadetailofmen. Themengot22sacksfullofpaper scraps.Thejobofpiecingthemall togetherprovedtoogreat.Colonel Williamswasabouttogiveupwhen anotherofficer,aformeryachtingenthusiast,noticedsomepalebluepieces amongtheotherscrapsofpaper.Collectedandpiecedtogether,theyprovedtobethecodechartofallGerman watersforwhichtheAllieshadyearnedfortwoyears.Inadditiontothis chartasmallbookwaspickedup. ItcontainedapictureofallGerman navalcraft,togetherwithalistofthe calllettersandchangesincallletters foreach!

That'swhyNovember,1917,marked anewlowforsubmarinewarfare.Six wenttothebottomthatmonth.Shipsinkingalsosanktoanewlow,alow fromwhichitneverrecovered.The cryptographshadsolvedthesubmarinemenace.

ItwastheirskillinreadingandsendingRussiancipherthatallowedthe GermanstocarryoutwhatwasperhapsthebiggestjokeoftheWar.

TwoGermancruiserswerebasedat Constantinople-atthewesternendof theBlackSea.Naturallythesetwo Germanvesselsweregreatlyoutnum-

beredbytheRussianfleetwhichcontrolledthatbodyofwater.They wantedtoaccomplishsomething,but todoitwhiletheRussianswerenear bywouldhavebeensuicide.

SotheGermanswaiteduntilthe RussianFleetputtosea.Thenone ofthecruiserssneakedbetweenthe Russiansandtheirlandbaseandsent amessageinRussiannavalcode.The messageorderedthewholefleettoTrebizond-attheoppositeendofthe BlackSea!

Dayslater,whenthepuzzledRussiansreturned,theydiscoveredthat thetwoGermancruisershadmade gooduseoftheirabsence.Portfacilitieshadbeenraidedandcoastwise tradehadbeenbadlycrippled.

Inthematterofsendingtheirown secretmessages,too,Germanyhitupon anoveland,foratime,verysuccessful scheme.TheAlliesrealisedthatsomethingofthesortwasgoingon.Each evening,afterthegreatGermanradio stationatNauenhadcompleteditsregularbroadcast,alotofwhatwascalled"lightninggibberish"flowedout overtheether.Toofasttobeunder stood,letalonedeciphered,this"static" continuedformonths.

TheAlliesrecordedit,playedit over,butstillremainedentirelyin thedarkastoitsmeaning.Thatis, theyremainedinthedarkuntila groupofboredBritishnavalofficers gatheredinthewardroomoftheir smallvesselinahotharbourinthe EasternMediterranean.

Withnoplacetogoandnothingto do,theysatsippinglongdrinksand listeningtoaportablegramophone. Finallythelasttunehadbeenplayed.

"Nothingleftbutsomerecordings ofthatNauenlightninggibberish," oneofficerannounced. "Putinon.Anything'sbetterthan nothing."

Therecordwasputon,butthe gramophonewasn'twoundup.The blurredsignalsslowed,becameclear. Acodeofficer,whowasthere,satup excitedly.HerecognisedtheoldpreWarGermancipher,longagocracked bytheAllies.Themessageonthe recordwasfromtheGermanHigh CommandtoageneralinEastAfrica. TheGermans'trickhadsimplybeen torecordthemessageasonewoulda gramophonerecord;thentoplayitat fiveorsixtimesitsnormalspeedover theair.Byfailingtowindthegramophone,theBritishofficerhadreduced thatspeedtonormalandsolvedthe secret. It'sadangerousandfascinatingand veryimportantbusinesstothenations oftheworld-thisartofcryptography. Trapsaresprungandvictorieswon whensecretwritingremainssecret. Headsandkingsandcountriesfall whentheydon't.

PUZZLE

LittleRuth,whowasspendinga holidaywithheruncleandauntinthe country,wasstillnervousoftheir largeAlsatiandog. OnemorningRollo,whohadbeen rompingonahead,suddenlyturned backtoRuthandheruncle.The smallgirlatonceslippedherhand intoheruncle's.

"Surelyyou'renotafraidofpoor oldRollo?"heaskedherteasingly.

"No,uncle,"shereplied,"notexactly,buthemightaswellseethat we'rerelations." * * *

"MissPounder,"saidtheboss,"you areaveryhandsomeyoungwoman."

"Oh!"saidthetypist,blushing.

"Youdressneatlyandyouhavea well-modulatedvoice.Imightadd thatyourdeportmentisalsoabovereproach."

"Youshouldn'tpaymesomany compliments."

"Oh,that'sallright,"saidtheboss. "Imerelywanttoputyouinacheerfulframeofmindbeforetakingup thematterofyourpunctuationand spelling."

"Youkeptacookforawholemonth, yousay?"

"Yes."

"Howonearthdidyoumanageit?"

"Wewerecruisingonahouse-boat andshecouldnotswim." * * * *

"Papa,mayIstudyelocution?"

"Indeedyoumay,myboy,ifyou wish.Youdesiretobecomeagreat orator,rloyou?"

"Yes,that'sit."

"Andsomedayperhapshaveyour voiceringinginthevaultedchamber ofthefirstlegislativeassemblyinthe world?"

"Ishouldn'tcareforthat.Iwant tobeanafter-dinnerspeaker."

"Ah,youareambitiousforsocialdistinction,then."

"No-Iwantthedinners."

* * * *

"Howdoyoulikeyournewboss, Elsie?"

"Oh,he'snotsobadonthewhole. onlyhe'sabitbigoted."

"Whatdoyoumeanbybigoted?"

"Well,heseemstothinkthatwords canhespelledonlyinhisway."

* * * *

WhenMacphersoncamehomefrom workhetoldhiswife:"I'mjoiningthe Army,Maggie.I'lljusttakemytea andgoand'list."

"Oh,Sandy,"sheexclaimed,"what everhasputitintoyourheadtobea soldier?"

"Weel,it'sthisway,'heexplained. "I'vebeengivingapennyaweekto thecomfortsfundfortwomonths now,andI'mjoininguptogetmy parcel!"

* * *

"Man,"criedJones'friend,afterMrs. Joneshadlefttheroom,"whydidyou giveyourwifeapearlnecklaceforher birthday?Don'tyouknowthatpearls meantears?"

"Ioughtto,"growledJones,"shehas criedaboutthreemonthsforthem!"

Salesman(latelypromotedtocurio department):"Thisnecklace,madam, wasoriginallyownedbyAnneofAustria.W'e'resellingquitealotof them."

* * * * Mrs.Warrichwasveryproudofthe newfurcoatherhusbandhadgiven her,andwantedtoimpressallher friends.

Afterpausingforachatoutsidethe grocer's,shesaid: "Well,darling,Imusthurry.I'm afraidit'sgoingtorain,andthatwill spoilmynewfurcoat."

"Don'tbotheraboutthat,my dear,"repliedherfriend."Didyou everseearabbitcarryinganumbrella?" *

"What'sRobinlookingassolemnas anowlabout?"

"Oh,hisgirlgivehimthebird."

Outforadriveinherpony-cart,an elderlyladymanagedtogetinvolved insomeArmymanoeuvres.Asshe approachedabridgeasentrystopped her.

"Sorry,madam,"hesaid;"youcan't crossthisbridge.It'sjustbeendestroyed."

Theoldladypeeredatitthrough herspectacles. "Itlooksallrighttome,"shemurmured.Then,asanothersoldier camealong,sheasked:

"Excuseme,butcanyoutellme what'swrongwiththisbridge?"

Thesoldiershookhishead.

"Don'taskme,lady,"hereplied; "I'vebeendeadtwodays."

Asthesecretaryofthegolfclub wascrossingthecoursehesawaplay. erdrivingoffaboutafootinfrontof thetee-mark.

"Here,"heexclaimedindignantly, "youcan'tdothat!You'redisqualified."

"Why?"demandedtheplayer.

"You'redrivingoffinfrontofthe mark." "Don'tbeasass!"wasthetersereply;"I'mplayingmythirdshot.-

*

"Yes,Icamefacetofacewithalion once,"saidtheclubliar,"andIwas aloneandunarmed."

"Heavens,whatdidyoudo?"asked anewmember,whodidn'tknowhis man. "WhatcouldIdo?Itriedstaring straightintohiseyes,buthejust continuedcrawlingtowardsme."

"Howdidyougetaway,then?"

"Ijustlefthimandpassedontothe nextcage."

Feelinginratheralivelymoodone eveningduringthefestivalseason,the meninDHutgatheredroundareally raw-lookingrecruitandstartedpulling hisleg. Butthe"rookie"remainedquite calmandcollected.

"Cripes,man!"burstout"Nobby"

Clarkeatlast."Can'tyouhearwhat we'resaying?"

"Sure,Ican,"wasthereply,"but I'mquiteusedtoit.Yousee.in CivvyStreet,I'manattendantina lunaticasylum." * * *

Barber:"Doyouwantahaircut, sir?"

Customer:"Well,Ireallycameinto getthemallcut."

"Yourhusbandisamartyrtodys pepsia,Ibelieve?"

"Notexactly,"replied'thelongsufferingwife."Hehasdyspepsia allright,butIamthemartyr."

Brown:"Mywifepersistsintalking toherself.

Jones:"Sodoesmine,butshedoes notrealiseit.ShethinksI'mlistening."

* *

"IneverknewtillIgotacar,that profanitywassoprevalent."

"Doyouhearmuchofitonthe road?"

"Why,nearlyeverybodyIbump intoswearsdreadfully."

Totesttheeffecthislectureongas hadhadonthesquadofrecruits,the instructorinvitedanearnestyoung mantosaywhathehadlearnedabout acertainwargas. Anxioustomakeagoodshow,the recruitstartedoff:

"Thisisaverydangerousgas,so dangerousthatabaddosecanproducefatalresults,suchas-"He thoughthardforamomentandthen addedbrightly:"Suchasdeath!"

* * * *

AnAustraliantriedtoenlistat Sydney.Hewasrefusedonaccount ofbadfeet.Nextmorningheappliedagain.

"It'snouse,Ican'ttakeYou.You couldn'tstandthemarching,"saidthe medicalofficer."Butwhyareyouso insistent?"

"Well,"saidtheother,"Iwalked 187milestogethere,andI'dhateto walkback."

Twochildrenwereabouttopresent theirgrandmotherwithanewBible, whenthelittleboysuggestedthey oughttowrite"somethingnice"inside thecover.

HotelandAccommodationGuide

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"ButIthoughthesaidshewasa perfectduck." "Shewas-butshewentoffandjoinedtheWrensforalark."

"Iknowwhatwe'llput,"exclaimed hiseldersister."I'veseenitinlots ofDaddy'sbooks," Sotheyagreedandwrote,muchto Granny'ssurprise,"WiththeAuthor's compliments.'

M.CRANLEY,Proprietor.

GAYNOR'SHISMAJESTY'SHOTEL. HAYSTREET EXCELLENTCUISINE PERTH.

Mrs.Greenwasproudlydisplaying anewhattoMrs.Gray.

"It'slovely,"saidMrs.Gray;"but howdoyoumanagetogetsomuch moneyfromyourhusband?" "Quitesimply,mydear,"wasthe triumphantreply."Ijusttellhim I'mgoingbacktomother,andheimmediatelyhandsmethefare."

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VICTORIAHOTEL

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CONSULT withour ADVERTISERS forallyour REQUIREMENTS

itheIlecera

OfficialOrganoftheArchdioceseofPerth ESTABLISHED1874

FranceStillfightsforliberty

REMARKABLEDOCUMENT.

Aremarkableandmovingdocument hasreachedGeneraldeGaulle'sheadquartersinLondon.Itisaddressed tothe"workersofthefreeworld,"and comesfromthetradeunionistsof France.Thisiswhatitsays:-

"Itisinconfidenceandhopethat we,activetradeunionistslivingin France-membersofunitedandChristianunions-whohaveremainedfaithfultothenationalandsocialtraditionsoftheLabourmovementwith theknowledgethatwerepresentthe unanimousopinionofFrenchworkers, onthisfirstdayofMay,1942,callupon workersallovertheworld,andmore especiallyuponBritish,Americanand Russianworkers,whosharetheheaviestresponsibilityinthetaskofliberation.

"Comrades,wedonotaskyourpity. Yetourcountryisplunderedandbetrayed-plunderedbyapitilessenemy whostealsourmachines,ourfood,and ourlabourtowageawarofslavery. Ourcountryisbetrayedbythemost despicablemaninFrance,amanwho servedhisapprenticeshipintreachery atourexpense.

"Ourplightisserious.TheGermans imposelowwages,interferewithfood suppliesandorganiseblackmarkets. TheirexportofNationalSocialismis fundamentallybasedonsocialinequality.Ourlibertiesaredead.Wehave

S.

nolongeranymeansofexpression, anyfreetradeunions,oranysocial security.

"Wedonotaskyourpity,butwe askyoutomaintainyourconfidence inus.Wearenottheaccomplicesof traitors.Germanyforcessomeofus toworkforherbysheerforceorby threatofstarvation.Theyliewho wouldmakeyoubelievewecollaborateintheleastdegreewiththeinvader orhishenchmen.Onthecontrary,it isinyou,comrades,thatweplaceour confidence-inyouwhoareworkingto freeus,inyouwhoaremakingplanes, tanksandshipsforvictory.Weare readytodoeverythingtohelpyou;to sabotagetheenemy'sproductionastve can,toacceptjustifiedbomWrgof factoriesworkingforGermanyandto followtheinstructionsyoumaysend us.

"Ourcountryisstillatwar.Our representative,therepresentativeof thepeopleofFrance,Generalde Gaulle,fightswiththeAllies.Although hisarmyisstillsmall,thereisahuge imprisonedforcebehindhiminFrance. Theenemywillnotperhapsbeable tokeepthisforceenchained.

"Comrades,onthisfirstofMay,so fullofmemoriesforyouandforus, ourheartsbeatwithyours.Th,nk ofusoftenandrememberthat,like minersworkingtoreachtheirfriends afterapitexplosion,youareworking forcomradesinperil."

THEBLACKOUTINBRITAIN

(ContinuedfromPage11.)

doorway.Itmustbeinconspicuous 100feetaway. TheBritishpublicwasreminded thatitisasimportanttoblackout windows,doors,etc.,atthe buildingsandinwellsandcourtyards, astoscreenthosefacingthestreet. Policeandairraidwardensdrewthe attentionofoccupiersofpremisesto anycasesofimperfectblackout.Exceptincasesofgrosscarelessnessorof repeatednegligence,orofrefusalto perfecttheblackoutimmediately(by turningoffthelightsifnoothermeans wereavailable),nofurtheraction againsttheoccupierwastaken.In manycasesneighbourshelpedone anotherbycallingtopointoutinstancesofimperfectblackout.

StreetLightingandVehicles.

Allstreetlightingwasdiscontinued attheoutbreakofwar.Later,"starlight*.lampswereinstalledinsome cities.Theselamps,whichconsisted ofverylowcandle-powerlightsscreenedsoastothrowallraysdownward, didinfactprovideilluminationno greaterthanthatofstarlight.They wereusefullargelyinmarkingthe positionoftheedgeofthesidewalk.

InBritain,sidelightsandstop-lamps mustbetreatedsothattheapertureis oneinchindiameter,andsothatthe lightisclearlyvisibleat30yardsbut invisibleat300yards.Thiscanbe donebyapplyingblackpaintbothinsideandoutsideofthefrontglass,exceptforacircleoneinchindiameter; andinadditionbyeitherreducingthe powerofthebulbsbyputtingaresist.

anceintheelectricalcircuitorbyapplyingwhitepainttotheclearspaceof thefrontglass;orbyinsertingapiece oftissuepaperornewspaperbehind thefrontglass.

Headlightsmustbefittedwitha maskofanofficiallyprescribedtype, usedwithabulbofsuchpowerthat thelightoutputat10feetfromthe lampdoesnotexceed2ifootcandles. Themaskmustbesoadjustedthatno lightisthrownupwardonalevel road.Amaskedheadlightmaybe usedduringairraids,butmustbeextinguishedwhilethevehicleisparked orontheinstructionofapoliceman.

Bumpersandrunning-boardsmust bepaintedwhite. Duringtheblackouthours,all vehicles(exceptfire,ambulance,orpolicevehiclesonurgentbusiness)are subjecttoaspeedlimitof20milesper hour.

Torchesmustnotbeusedoutof doorsduringtheblackouthoursunless thelightaperturehasbeenreducedto notmorethanoneinchindiameter anddimmedbytheinsertionbehind thefrontglassofapieceofnewspaper. Thelightmustbewhite,andthetorch mustalwaysbepointeddownward.

Correctlydimmedtorchesmaybe usedduringanairraidunlessthepoliceorderthemtobeputout.

Ifbirdscansingwhenstormclouds high

Obscurethesunandhidethesky

Thenwhy

Can'tI? -T.L.Stewart. 110...41.

LEWISandSONSBakers PROCERA,VIENNA,CREMALT,HEALTH,CURRANT. ALLTYPESOFFANCYBREADSANDROLLS. 1 I

DualCupWinners,RoyalShow,1938. Bakery:McMASTERSTREET,VICTORIAPARK. 'Phone.M1379. - -

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CornerSTEPHENST.andHAMPTON