The Record Newspaper 28 May 1942

HEnervekriegisbeginningtotell atlastinEngland.And trangelyenoughitisnot amongBritain'sindustrialisedpoorthatthesymptoms haveappeared,butamongthevery leadersofEnglishpolitics.Consider thisparanoicoutburstfromMr.Duff Cooper,ifyoudoubtmyclaim:"Ibelievewearethegreatestpeopleon earth,andIamnotatallsurethat wearenotthegreatestpeoplewho haveeverbeenonearth."Ifthat doesnotarguehysteriaorbomb-hap'iness,Iwoulddearlylovetohavean alternativeexplanation.Formyself, IhaveneverbeenapartisanofMr. DuffCooper,butinmymostvehement detestationofhispolitics,Iwouldnot havebelievedhimcapableofdescendingtosuchdepthsoffatuity.He seemedtothinkhisremarksmightbe construedasboastingandmightthereforeoffendagainstmodesty.Buthis statementisaltogethertoobigfor boasting.ItwouldhavewindedGargantua.Anditdoesnotoffendso muchagainstmodestyasagainstreasonandcredibility.

Idevoutlyhopethematterescapes theattentionofMr.Belloc.For,since hefounditoddthatGodshouldhave chosentheJews,towhatspeculation mighthenotbedrivenattheideaof theEnglishchoosingtheEnglish?And now,moreover,thattheChancellorof theDuchyofLancasterhasgivensuch alead,therewillbenoholdingthe

BritishIsraelites.Forwhateverthey havehithertofoundwritteninthe Pyramids,whichprovestheBritishto bethelosttribeofIsraelandall-in-all insupportablysplendid,willbeas nothingtowhattheymaynowaspire tofindwrittenintheConstitution.It's onlyastepfromLand'sEndto Heaven.

But,ludicrousastheclaimmust haveappearedeventohisEnglishaudience,thewholeaffairhasyetaseriousside.ForthefundamentaldangerweprofessedtofindinNazism

PROPERTYMANAGEMENT

Over30years'experienceinpropertymanagementandrentcollectionenableusto offeryouexpertserviceinthisdirection.

Wealsohaveextensivelistsofprivate homesavailableforpurchaseinallsuburbs. Reasonabletermsarrangedifrequired.

Wecanofferyouspecialisedserviceinall branchesofRealEstate.

DUDLEY&DWYERLIMITED SWORNVALUATORS.

98ST.GEORGE'STERRACE.

ProfitableHobbies AreWorthWhile!

Theyfillinyoursparetimeandincreaseyourincome

Wehave80courses.Belowwelistafew:-

WIRELESS:Canyouserviceandrepairyourown"Wireless" whennecessary?Youcansaveexpensesandfeesofexpertsorthe inconvenienceofsendingyoursettotownforrepairs.Getourpamphlet,"RadiofortheMillion."

TICKETWRITING:Attractiveshowcardsdrawandholdpeople's attentionandareagreataidtosales.Allshopworkersshouldtake thiscourse.Otherstudentsofoursmakequiteanappreciable amountofextramoneybyitsmeans.

SHORTSTORYWRITING:Manyfamousnoveliststriedothercareersbeforetryingwritingasaprofession.Ifyouhaveimagination, cantellgoodstories,orrelateinterestingexperiences,learntowritefor thepublic.Editorsareonthelookoutfornewwriterswithnewideas tointeresttheirsubscribers.

OTHERHOMESTUDYCOURSESincludeSteam,GasandDiesel Engines,SalesmanshipandPersonalEfficiency,BusinessOrganisation andManagement,SanitaryEngineeringforHealthInspectors,ElectricalEngineering,etc. Writeorcallfordetailsofthecourseinwhichyouareinterested.

wasitsMessianiccharacter.Itclaimedadivinemissiontoruletheworld whichwequiteproperlydenied.But thebootwouldbeontheotherfootif we,whoruleaquarterofthehabitable globe,werenowtoclaimwedosoby somekindofdivinevice-gerencyand byourinherentexcellence.Itseemed,moreover,amostinfelicitousoccasionfor"boasting."Nooneshould knowbetterthanMr.DuffCooper, whowasonthespotwhenwelostour Easternbastion-Singapore-andagain whenwereachedstalemateinthedesert,thatweareveryfarfrombeing outofthewoodyet.Intimesoftribulationitismorecustomaryand morereasonabletoproclaimouractual sins-andwehaveplentybothof omissionandcommission-thanto flauntallegedvirtueswhichcauseus notonlytobegood,buttobevery muchbetterthaneveryoneelse. Thereisalsoanotheraspectofthe matter.Ifitistrue,ashasbeenrepeatedlyalleged,thattheItalianmoraleistotteringandtheGermanmorale

FRANCIS GILBERT

becomingunsure,nothingwouldbe bettercalculatedtoreviveboththat suchemptyvauntsonthepartof Britishleaders.Ourenemieswould notbelieveitforaminute,andwe mustfirstconvincethemonthefield ofbattleofourmartialsuperiority beforewecanrationallyexpectthem toacceptthethesisofourgeneral moralexcellence.Again,suchaclaim asMr.DuffCooper'smustrevivein theenemyaninstinctivehorrorthat intheeventofvictorywearecontemplatinganotherVersailles.And thatwouldbethelaststrawforeveryoneiftheAlliesactedunderthe"topdog"complex. Theclaimitselfseemstorestonthe somewhatflimsygroundsthat"wecan takeit."Mr.DuffCooperwasat painstopointoutthat"theEmpireis notmilitant.Itspeopleneverintendedthatitshouldbe."Inthisconnectionitmightberemarkedthat merepassivitymightarguethemoral virtueoffortitude,butitmightwith equaleasearguefatalism.Andwhile itistruethattheEmpireisnotmilitant,itmustatthesametimeberememberedthattheveryexistenceof Empirearguesmilitancyinthepast. AndthestoryofhowEmpiresare carvedoutisnotalwaysthemost gloriousinanation'shistoryorthe surestguaranteeofitsfuturepeace.It maybethattheEnglisharethe greatestpeopleonearth,butgreatness intheeyesofChristianshasremote connectionswithhumility,whichis actuallythecourageofthetruth appliedtoourselves.

AlthoughsomeofthebestConservativesinthecountryregarditas treasonabletodiscusstheconditionof theworkerduringwartime,ImustadmitthatIfounditmostinspiritingto readofarecentmotionconcerningthis matterintheNorthamMunicipal Council.Amotionwascarriedthat infuturetheCouncilshouldpayits employeesthewagebasedonthefiguressuppliedbytheGovernment StatisticiantotheArbitrationCourt. Itwasarguedveryrightlythatunless thebasicwagewasonthecostof living,somepeoplewereboundtosufferfrommalnutrition.AnotherCoun cillorstatedthatabasicwagewhich allowedonlyforaman,hiswife,and twochildrenwasimmoral,andthat thepopulationhadsufferedadecline

becauseofsuchawage.Now,rememberingtheArbitrationCourt'srefusalontwooccasionstoraisethe basicwage,theoppositionofworkers isnotsurprising.Buttofindcooperationfromemployersinlocalgovernmentisanewandheartilywelcome departure.

ItmightberegardedasaProvic.:Pr, tialrewardthatjustatthistimethe thirdofficialCatholicStatementon SocialJusticehasbeenissued,and thatitstheme,"ForFreedom,"hinge onthe"fightforthesmallunitagainst thelarge."Thisappliesnotonlyto economics,thatis,tothechampionshipofthecraftsman,thesmallbusinessman,andthesmallfarmeragainst mass-production,bigbusiness,and large-scaleexploitationofthelandfor profit,butalsotothequestionofgovernment.Whilewerecognisetheprobableinevitabilityofsurrendering.certainindividualandsocialrightstothe interestsofself-defence,thiscanonly beatemporaryandindeedadesperatemeasure.Afterthewarwe insistupondecentralisationtothe verylimitcompatiblewiththecommongood.Ifourpolicyinthisdirectioncanbebroughtintoactionitwill meananincreaseinthepowersof localgovernment,andiftheNortham Councilistypicalofsimilarbodiesin itsoutlookonSocialJustice,ourtrust willnotbemisplaced.Andthewhole businessemphasisesthesanityofdecentralisation.Thepeopleonthe spotbothknowmoreandcaremore forthewelfareoftheirpeople.Localisedgovernmentmustnecessarilybe goodgovernment. InthisconnectionIamheartilybehindthePremiersintheiropposition totheUniformTaxproposals.Anyonewithhalfaneyecanseethatthe FederalGovernment'ssuccessinthis field(anditwillsucceed)isthefirst legintowardstheabolitionofthe StateParliaments,forheruleswho holdsthepurse.ItisnotthatIam anadmirerofthecalibreofStateParliaments.ItistruethatweinAustraliaarehorriblyover-governed,and thattheStateGovernmentshaveprobablybeenquiteasmuddlingandinefficientastheFederalGovernments. Buttheremedyisnotintheirabolition,butinreducingtheirnumbers andincreasingtheirpowers,whiledecreasingthoseoftheFederalGovernment.OncetheStateParliaments havemorepowerweshallhaveareal opportunityofminimisingitbytransferringagooddealofittolocalgovernment.Allthis,ofcourse,presupposessimultaneousactiontoencouragepopulationincountrytowns, ports,andonthelandgenerally.And allthisinturnpostulatesarevolutionarychangeofoutlookonthefunctionsoftheState,onindividualand familyrights,andindeedontheend ofman.Thatwillbethecentraldifficultyofreconstruction-somany thingsmustbemadetomovetogether.Buttheattemptmustbe made"ifwearenottolosetointernal forceswhatwesavefromtheexternal enemy."

Putanendingtoneedlessspending. £10NationalSavingsBondsistheplace foryourmoney.

NOTICETOPROPERTYOWNERS! Youcanwithsatisfactionplaceyour BusinessinthehandsofW.F.SAMSON, 5QUEENSTREET,FREMANTLE, ESTATE&FINANCIALAGENT, SWORNVALUATOR.

Representing:QueenslandInsurance Co.,Ltd.;TheRoyalAutomobileClub ofW.A.(Inc.):GourleyOilandColour Works,Ltd.;"Titanic"Paintsand Oils,Etc.;"Durotint"Kalsomine. 'Phone:L1316(Office);L25,53(Residence).

666666661.1110101 WM%

Rev.FathersO'NeillandO'Connor returnedtothecityduringtheweek. FatherO'NeillpreachedattwoMasses onSundaylast.Stirringaddresses thatleaveusnoillusion.

Thechildren'ssingingoftheBenedictionhymnshasbeenafeatureof theeveningdevotionsduringthe monthofMay.PupilsfromC.B.C. andConventSchoolshavetakentheir turnsandareacredittotheirteachers. Mrs.Rogersandhercommittee wouldwelcomemoreCatholicboysat theweeklylearners'classonTuesday evenings.Otherwiseshereports"all iswell."

Nit.P.J.RussellandMissEileen Russellhavereturnedfromashort holidaytoLeonora.

SeminarystudentsHaroldMiddletonandJohnDoogueareenjoyinga briefvisittotheirhomes.

Detective-SergeantHughMcLernon isaboutagainafteramonth'sillness, includingaspellinSt.JohnofGod Hospital.

ThemonthlymeetingoftheAltar SocietywasheldatthePresbyteryon Sundayevening.

H.A.C.B.S.

St.Mary'sBranch,Kalgoorlie.

Thequarterlymeetingwasheldon MondayeveninglastintheParish Hall.Rev.FatherCarolanattended andreadtheprayers,andthefollowingmemberswerepresent:SistersMcLemon1V.P.),Clarke,Devitt,Hill andDaly,andBros.Hannan(P.P.),

Carley(Sec.),Henneker,Quirke,1111r ley,Walsh,andAlford.

Attentionwasdrawntothefact thatthequarterly.Comfnunionwillbe heldat7o'clockMassonSundaynext, May31.Allareexpectedtoattend inregalia.

Nominationswerereceivedfrom membersforelectiontoofficeforthe nextsixmonths.Theelectionwill takeplaceatthenextmeeting,and allmembersareinvitedtoattend Circularsaretobedistributeddrawing attentiontothedangerofallowiry: contributionstobecomeoverdueand forfeitingbenefitsthereby.

WISDOMFORTHEWEER.

WeneverseeourselvesmoreclearlythanwhenwekneelundertheCrucifixintheSacramentofPenance,and theoftenerwekneelthere,theclearer growsthelightoftheknowledgeof selfinthepresenceofGodandatthe FeetofJesusChrist. Thebestsortofhapinessisrarely visibletothemultitude.Itlieshiddeninquietcornersandoddplaces, andtheeagerworld,whichispresumablyseekingit,hurriespastand neverrecognisesit,butcontinuesto mistakeitforprosperityandriches andlaughter,andfameandmore cheapnotoriety.

ATHOUGHT.

Thereisgoodineverycharacter, onlyinsomeitishiddenbyshynessor reserve,byoutwardrepression,orby circumstances.Onlyarealandreverentloveformanwilluncoverit. Sympathyisthesunshinethatdevelops,thatunfoldsit.Thosewe thinkweknowbestoftengiveusthe greatestsurprisesincharacterdevelopment.Underthestressofagreat emotion,whatbeautifulaswellasterriblerevelationshavebeenmade.We walkthroughlifewithunseeingeyes mostoithetime,andjudge,ah.how oft,toohardly.Orweerrin'overseeing.

CHAPLAINO'CALLAGHANTO LECTUREONMIDDLEEAST CAMPAIGN.

-SeniorChaplainO'CallaghanwilllecturetotheNewmanSocietyatits monthlymeetingonTuesday,June2, intheRefectoryoftheUniversity.A cordialinvitationisextendedtoall. Thelecturewillbeasubjectofintense interest-hisexperienceswiththe A.I.F.abroad. Supperwillbeservedafterthelecture.

OurLadyHelpofChristiansBranch, EastVictoriaPark. Thehalt-yearlymeetingtookplace onMay19,andwaswellattended. Duringtheeveningtheelectionof officerstookplace,andthesewere dulyinstalledbyPastPresidentBro. JohnEgan.Wearepleasedtooffer outcongratulationstoBro.J.Finnegan,whohasbeenelectedtreasureron theDistrictBoard.Thequarterly meetingofthebranchtookplaceon Sunday,May17,andtheattendance wasfair.Thequarterlybalance sheetwasreadatthelastmeeting, andthisrevealedeverythingtobe mostsatisfactory.Thenextmeeting takesplaceonTuesday,June2.

FOURBIGPRIZES. TherearefourbigprizesintheNo. 105aCharitiesConsultationwhichis now fromopen.Thefourprizesrange £100to£1,000.Buyaticket nowandtryyourluck.

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

PresentationofPrizes. AllAssociationmembersandfriends shouldmakeSt.Joachim'sClub,VictoriaPark,theirvenuenextSunday, May31,whentheannualpresentat:Gn ofprizes,wonduringthe1941season, willtakeplace.HisGracetheArchbishophasconsentedtoattendand willmakethevariouspresentations. Duringtheafternoonspectatorswill havetheopportunityofwitnessinga numberofexhibitionmat-hes,in whichleadingmembersoftheAs3ociationaretotakepart.Afternoontea willbeprovidedatthecostat6d,proceedgoingtowardstheAssociation WelfareFunds. ThecommitteeoftheSt.Joachim's Club,togetherwiththeAssociation executive,havearrangementswellin handforthisfunction,soitishoped thattheircombinedeffortswillberewardedwithalargegatheringofmembers.

Iftheweatherisunsettled,youare urgednottostayaway,asthepresen- tationwillthentakeplaceintheKindergartenHall.Therefore,mayyour sloganbe"I'llseeyouattheParkon Sunday."

RacingSelections

W.A.T.C.

AtBelmontPark,Saturday,May30. (BeforeAcceptances.)

RoeStakes:Monisan,1;Yohada,2; Chelham,3. NorthamHandicap:Pointlette,1; Andirich,2;Hillian,3. JuneHandicap:Socialist,1;Euro, 2:Amalion,3. WinterHandicapTempleChief,1; Harford,2;Agu,3. StirlingHandicap:Marbury,1; SkyWarden,2;Rags,3. SuburbanHandicap:Azoth,1;DollarBill,2Bentley,3.

D.HILL

WHOLESALEANDRETAILBUTCHER. NEWCASTLEROAD.MIDLANDJUNCTION.

Tel.118Midland. TRUSSEDPOULTRY.

NorthProvince Election

JOSEPHCHARLESis50year-oiage.

Hasbeeninbusinessfor31yearsasan'Auctioneerand SwornValuer.

HasPastoralinterestsasaShareholderillMurrum Station,Yalgoo;NambiStation,Leonora;Croyden Farm,Goomalling. HisinterestsarePastoralandCommercial.

Heisenterprising,sound,andcapableofrepresenting yourinterests.

PostalVotesmustbereceivedinBroomepriorto13th.day ofJune.

CatholicChurchinAustraliaCelebrates

ArchbishopGilroyReceives

the

FirstCentenary TremendouslaboursofEnglishandIrish pioneerBishopsreviewedbyArchbishop Simmonds

Pallium

QUIETLY,becauseofthecircumstancesofwar,butnone thelesssolemnly,theofficial ceremoniesforthereligiouscelebrationofthecentenaryoftheAustralian HierarchywereobservedatSt.Marys Cathedral,Sydney,recently. Coincidentwiththecentenarycelebrations,thesacredpallium,thesymbolofMetropolitanauthorityand unionwiththeHolySee,wasconferreduponHisGracetheArchbishopof Sydney,MostRev.N.T.Gilroy.The

significanceoftheeventsandoftheir appropriaterelationweredweltupon instrikingoccasionalsermons.

OnFriday,May8,PontificalRequiemMassforthereposeofthesouls ofthepioneerBishops,priests,religiousandfaithfulwascelebrated.His ExcellencytheApostolicDelegate, MostRev.J.Panico,presided,anda large,representativegatheringof Archbishops,Bishops,Monsignori, priestsandreligion,andlaitywas present.

NORTHPROVINCE BYELECTION.

Votetorthecandidatewiththe PROGRESSIVEPOLICYandanintimateknowledgeoftheProvincefrom theMurchisontotheEast!Umberleys.MR.ALEXANGELO,the onlyendorsedNaticnalcandidate,asks youtocastyourvoteonJune13thus

ANGELO,A.C. (1)

Charles,J.G. (2)

Cornish,C.R. (3)

BesureandvotefortheTHREE Candidates.

VoteforCheaperFaresandFreight,a LiberalMineralSchemeandaNew StockRoute.

POSTALVOTESmaybegivenat an:-CourthouseorRoadBoardOffice, ortheStateElectoralOffice.

8ft. 6ft.x9ft... 7ft.6in.x9ft.

(AuthorisedbyC.L.Harvey,A.M.P. Chambers,Perth.)

TheBishopofMaitland,MostRev. E.Gleeson,C.SS.R.,whopreached, saidthatthepioneersoftheCatholic ChurchinAustraliastoodoutamong thegreatmenandwomenwhohad introducedtheFaithintootherlands. Theclergyofthosedaysweremenof faith,unsparingofself,alwaysready forthehardshipsoftheroughand ruggedbush.

OnSunday,May10,aSolemnPontificalHighMassofThanksgivingwas celebratedbyHisGracetheArchbishopofAdelaide,MostRev.M.Beovich. presidedTheApostolicDelegateagain andaftertheMassconferred thepalliumonArchbishopGilroy.

ArchbishopSimondsPreachesOccasionalSermon.

SignificanceofSolemnFormofInvestiture.

Inaneloquentaddress,whichsuccinctlysummarisedthehistoricevents andthepersonalitiesconnectedwith theSeeofSydneyduringthepast hundredyears,ArchbishopSimonds said:

"Wehaveassembledto-daytocelebratethefirstcentenaryofthishistoricSeeofSydneyinanatmosphere ofnationalanxiety.Thoughtheper- ilouscircumstancesofthetimespre- cludeathoroughlyfestivespirit,itwouldhavebeenunbecomingifsuch anotableoccasionhadbeenallowed topassunheeded.Onehundred yearsago,JohnBedePolding,thefirst ArchbishopofSydney,kneltatthe feetoftheseniorCardinalDeaconof theRomanCuriatoreceivethesecond pallium,theancientsymbolofMetropolitanauthority.To-day,attheconclusionofthisSolemnMass,hisfourth successorwillbeinvestedbytheApos- tolicDelegatewiththesamevenerabletokenofthejurisdictionthathe nowenjoysasArchbishopofthis province.Itisahappycoincidence thatboththebeginningandtheend ofthefirstcenturyofhistoryareassociatedwiththatsolemnformofinvestiturebywhichthehierarchical orderoftheChurchisunitedinfa anddisciplinewiththeSeeofPeter, forthehistoryofthepalliumis,toa largeextent,thehistoryoftheArchdiocese.

TheSacredPallium.

eachofthetwodisastrousfiresthat destroyedSt.Mary'sCathedralhe losttheemblemofhisMetropolitan dignity,andtwicejourneyedtoRome topetitionanewone.Hisfirstformalinvestituretookplaceattheconclusionofaconsistorywhichwasheld inthemonthofJune,1842,anditmay besaidthatonthatdaytherealhistoryoftheArchdioceseofSydneybegan.Iaskyoutodwelluponthat sceneforamoment,foritistrulyan historicone,thefullsignificanceof whichseemstohaveescapedhisbiographers.Foranunbrokenperiodof tencenturiesEnglishArchbishopshad beenaccustomedtoreceivethesacred palliumfromtheRomanPontiff,and revereditastheinstrumentoftheir jurisdictionandthesymboloftheir obedientunitywiththeHolySee.In theyear601A.D.PopeSt.GregorysentthepalliumtoSt.Augustine,the firstArchbishopofCanterbury,and forthenextthousandyearstheEng- lishArchbishopseitherjourneyedper- sonallytoRome,likeSt.OdoandSt. Dunstan,totakethesacredsymbol fromtheshrineoftheApostles,or. like receivedAugustineandThomasa'Becket, thetokenoftheirjurisdiction atthehandsofaLegateinEngland. Tothisdaythesacredpallstillfiguresintheofficialcoatofarmsofthe SeeofCanterbury:indeed,itisthe onlychargeemblazonedontheshield. But,formostmodernEnglishmen,it isasymbolwithoutsignificance,for thehonourablepartitplayedinEng- lishecclesiasticalhistoryiseitherforgottenorignored.WhenJohnBede Polding,areligiousbrotherofthefirst ArchbishopofCanterbury,andanEng- lishArchbishop,notindeedofBritain, butofGreaterBritain,knelttoreceivethathallowedsymbolfromthe handsoftheCardinalDeaconhewas bridgingagulfoftime.Hisemotionsmusthavebeendeeplystirredif hereflectedonthehistoricalsignificanceoftheoccasion,for,sincethe daysofCardinalPole,nootherEng- lishArchbishophadmadethatactof homagetotheHolySee,whichfor centurieshadbeentheproudprivilege ofthePrelatesofCanterbury.

PatriarchoftheAustralianHierarchy.

10s.Od.

TheCarpetandLinoleumDepartmentiscertainly worthvisiting.

"Thesacredpalliumwhichhas adornedtheprelatesofthisSeefor onehundredyearsisavestmentsimpleinitsmaterialform,butmomentousinwhatitsymbolisesandvenerableinitshistoricalantiquity.In formitisbutanarrowstoleofwollenweb,thatthePopemaywearin solemnfunctionsatalltimesandin allplacesasasymbolofhisuniversal andabidingjurisdiction.Itisgiven toPatriarchsandArchbishopsasa visibletokenthattheyhavebeenadmittedbythePopetoashareinthe supremepastoralofficewhichwas commitedtoSt.Peterandhissuccessors.Thematerialfromwhichthe palliumismadeisthesubjectof muchcareandinterestingceremonial. Twolambs,whicharespeciallyblessedanddedicatedontheFeastofSt. Agnes,providethefleecesfromwhich thesacredpallsarewoven.Each yearthenewpalliumsaresolemnlyblessedbythePopeontheFeastof SS.PeterandPaul,andarethen placedinasilvercasketonthetombs ofthoseApostlestoawaitbestowal uponthenewly-appointedArchbishopoftheChurch.Thesignificance ofthisceremonialisbothstrikingand instructive.Thehallowedwool whichanArchbishopwearsuponhis shouldersisreminiscentoftheGood Shepherd,Whocarriedthelostsheep intothesafetyofthefolduponHis ownshoulders.Itissenttothe newArchbishopfromtheverybody ofSt.Petertoremindhimthatthe organicunityoftheflockofChristis centredinthePrimacyofPeter,and thatobediencetothesuccessorsofSt. Peterinfaithanddisciplineisthevery touchstoneofCatholiclife.

"ArchbishopSydneyandCanterbury. Poldingworethreedifferentpalliumsinhislifetime,forin

"Whatwasthecharacterofthi. manwhowaschosenbyDivineProvidencetobethePatriarchofthe AustralianHierarchy?Hefacedthe (ContinuedonPage9.)

1 STURMERandSON ' (LateHallion's), : BAKERS.

i 90JOHNSTREET,NORTH s FREMANTLE. (Tel.2739.1

PrizeWinnersRoyalShow.

DeliveriesThroughoutFremantle.

oplyuaeltoMCA

Davis-ClariceWe:ling

DAVIS-CLARKE.

OnApril21,atSt.Brigid'sChurch, WestPerth,averyprettywedding wassolemnised,whenMaryFrances, eldestdaughterofthelateMr.J. ClarkeandMrs.A.Broderick,ofWest Perth,wasjoinedinHolyMatrimony toEnsignJohnFrancisDavis,youngestsonofMr.andthelateMrs.Davis, ofIndiana,U.S.A.

TheNuptialMasswascelebratedby VeryRev.DeanReidy,assistedby Rev.FatherKelliher.

Thealtarandsanctuarywerebeautifullydecoratedwithstatelypink gladioliwithabackgroundofminiatureroseleaf.

Thebride,whoenteredthechurch onthearmofherfather,Mr.W.Broderick,lookedcharminginherbeautifullycutgownofwhitebroderialloverlace,withheart-shapedneckline, theskirtofwhichfellsoftlyintoa fullcirculartrain.Herthree-quarter lengthtulleveilwasheldinplaceby atop-knotoforangeblossom.She carriedamother-of-pearlprayerbook, entwinedwithtrailersofwhiteroses andfrangipanni.

Theonlybridesmaid,MissDaphne Knox,choseaveryattractivefrockof

CATHOLICTEACHERS'GUILD

MissRomenaNeale,B.A.Mt.AllisonUniversity,Canada),delivereda delightfullyinterestinglectureon CanadatotheCatholicTeachers' GuildandtheirfriendsintheCatholicCentralLibraryonWednesday evening,May20.Thelecturewillbe publishedinnextweek'sissueof"The Record.

ThenextmeetingoftheGuildwill heheldintheLibraryonSaturday morning,June6,at11a.m.

CathedralBranch.

Themonth])meetingwillbeheld intheChurchOfficeonMonday,June 1,at8p.m.

Themonthlycardafternoonwillbe heldinNestle'sHouseLeagueRoom onSaturday,June20,at2.15p.m.

ST.MARY'S,LEEDERVILLZ.

OnJune3,amonstercarnivaldance willbeheldatSt.Mary'sHall,Oxfor4-street,LeederviUe.Apopular orchestra,"TheMerrymakers,"will supplythemusic,andanexcellent supper,novelties,andspotdanceswill beamongtheaddedattractions.The committeeappealtoalldancers, bothyoungandold,tocomealong andhelpmakethisfunctiononeofthe mostsuccessfuloftheseason.Admissionisoneandsixpence.

FranciscanSocialCla

SecondFloor,BactonHouse, HaySt.(nextGleddenBuilding).

*LuncheoneveryThursday, 12-2p.m.Lecturetteand discussion.

Women'smeeting230-4p.m. Acordialinvitationisextended toallinterested

DressandFashion

ADVANCENEWS

ofgreatimportanceforout-of-town ShoppersforHEADLINES.

MADELONMILLINERY NO.6PLAZAARCADE (MurraySt,End,opp.Boans). PersonalSupervisionR.MURPHY.

bluealloverlace,withheart-shaped necklineandfullgatheredsleeves.The skirtwasonthesamelinesasthatof thebride.Sheworeatullehalohat effect,trimmedwithflowerstomatch herfrock.Herbouquetofpinkroses withtrailersofCecilBrunnerroses lookedverycharming.

Thetwolittlesistersofthebride, JoanandRoseAnne,attendedheras flowergirls,wearingoldworldstyle frocksofdaintyrosepinkalloverbroderilace,trimmedwithpinkandblue forget-me-nots,withlittletop-knotsto match.Theycarriedposiesofpink andblueflowers.

Thedutiesofbestmanwerevery ablycarriedoutbyMr.JohnDuffy, junr.,uncleofthebride.

MissO'Connorpresidedattheorgan, providingsuitablemusicthroughout theMassandthe"PanisAngelorum" wasverydevotionallyrenderedatthe Communionbyafriendofthefamily.

Aftertheceremonyareceptionwas heldatthehomeofthebride,where Mrs.Broderickreceivedherguests wearinganavyandwhitestripedsheer frock,whitehatandnavyaccessories finishedwithashouldersprayofred roses.

Afterthereceptionthebrideand groomleftfortheirhome,thebride wearingafrockofroyalbluecrepe roubaixwithburgundyhatandaccesMeNAMARA-RARRIS.

ABengalopalpendant(giftofthe bridegroom)waswornbyNorma,eldestdaughterofMr.andMrs.P.V. Harris,ofNorthPerth,whenshedonnedembroideredSwissorganzawith trained,fullskirt,four-tierveil,and bonquetoftuberosesandcamellias,to keepherappointmentatSt.Mary's, Leederville,onEasterMonday,to marryKen,youngestsonofLieut.and Mrs.L.J.McNamara,ofMt.Hawthorn.PupilsofSt.Mary's,Leederville,sangduringtheNuptialMass. RomaHarrisworepinkembroidered organzainpicturestyle,withwide-

sories.Thehappycouplereceived manybeautifulpresentsandtelegrams.

HELPFULHINTSFORTHE HOME

Alittlehotmilkaddedgraduallyto potatoeswhenmashingthemmakes themlightandfluffy. Allvegetablesshouldbeputonto cookinboilingwater,asthisholds themajorportionofthemineral matterandstarchwithin. Bathspongesmaybekeptsoftand sweetifwashedinwarmwater,to whichthejuiceofalemonhasbeen added.

PERSONAL

Tocelebratethecoming-of-ageof Florence,elderdaughterofMr.and Mrs.F.J.Kelly,ofKalgoorlie,asurprisepartywastenderedherbyalarge gatheringoffriendsatBradman HouseonSaturday,May16.Afeatureoftheeveningwasthespecial celebrationsupper,atwhichthehealth oftheguestofhonourwastoastedby Mr.Jce.Lyons.Opportunitywas alsotakenbyMr.FrankKelly(brothertopresentFlorriewiththecustomarykey,whichwaslaterautographedbyallthosepresent.The remainderofthefunctionwasspent indancinginterspersedwithvarious items.Themusicalarangementswere inthecapablehandsofMissMoya MooreandMr.BillOliver.

Amongthosepresentwere:MesdamesElliottandMcCreddin;Misses P.Hickey,P.Fitzpatrick,S.Daly,J. Ryan,K.Mitchell,M.Daly,M.Clamp, G.Smith,I.ParkerD.Garth,M. Moore,S.Fitzgerald,B.McCredden,K. Kirby,E.Flynn,A.DaviesandP. Osbourne;Messrs.L.Ryan,N.Clancy, C.Ryan,P.McGinnity,K.Norrish,G. Powell,E.andG.Flanagan,K.Duffy, M.andV.Medley,P.Kirby,T.Moore, G.andJ.McGuiness,F.O'Mahony, F.Kelly,W.Oliver,L.McCreddin,L. Elliott,J.Smith,J.Lyons,andV. Lester. AnotherWestAustralianwhohas distinguishedhimselfintherealmof studyisDr.C.W.Bourke,whoobtainedhisfinaldegreeinMedicinein Melbournethisweek.Hewasborn inPerthin1918,andwaseducatedat theChristianBrothers'College,Fremantle.Afterasuccessfulfirstyear inMedicineattheUniversity,Crawley,heproceededtoMelbourneto completehisfinalstudies.Dr. BourkeistheeldestsonofMr.J.R. andthelateMrs.Bourke,ofStirling Highway,Nedlands.

McNamara-HarrisWeding

C.W.O.EstablishesDepot forArmedForcesat Fremantle

CatholicsPointTbe xvi waytoFreedom

Forthefirsttimein1940,theAustralianBishopsmadeanofficialStatementonSocialJustice.This,likethePapalEncyclicals,confineditselftoan expositionofthenaturalprincipleswithinwhichreformmustbesetafoot. Italso,inageneralway,surveyedsocialtrendsandconditionsinAustralia, andattemptedtogaugehowtheymeasureduptotheideal.Thisdocumentwasfollowedin1941bytheStatement,"JusticeNow!"whichwasnot anofficialpronouncementoftheBishopsbutwasissuedbytheAustralian NationalSecretariatofCatholicAction,andapprovedbytheEpiscopalCommittee.WhileitdidnothindindividualCatholicstothedetailsofthepolicyitenunciated,itwasatthesametimesemi-officialandauthoritative.It wentagooddealfurtherthantheBishopscouldhavegone,andappliedparticularaspectsoftheChurch'ssocialteachingtoAustralianconditions.It wasconcernedchieflywithanewbasisofwage-fixation;withtheadvocacy oftheownershipofhomes,ofsmallbusinesses,andwork-shopsbythepeople operatingthemagainstencroachingmonopolywithapleaforIndustrial Councils,organisedfrombelowtoplaceindustryonaco-operativevocational basis. * *

Thisyear,SocialJusticeSundaywillbeobservedonMay31st.,andanother Statement,"ForFreedom,"hasbeenissuedundersimilarauspicestothat of"JusticeNow!"Thepreambletothisdocumentpointsoutthatthereis noconflictbetweenthewareffortandaspirationstowardssocialjustice.On thecontrary,theprospectofrealreformsinAustraliansocietywould-bethe surrestguaranteeofsoundnationalmorale."ForFreedom"acceptsthestern war-timecontrolsandthesurrenderofthepoliticalandeconomiclibertiesof peace-timeasnecessary,butwarnsthattheircessionisonlytemporary.Normaltimesmustbringwiththemfreedomfortheindividual,politicallyand socially;freedomforthefamilybythegradualadoptionoftheprincipleof familywagelasopposedtotheunscientificbasicwagepolicy),andultimately thepossibilityofamoderateownership:adisciplinedfreedomforindustry throughthegradualestablishmentofIndustrialCouncils,andtherestoration ofagriculture;freedomforthesmallcommunitythroughdecentralisation.

*

*

ThefirstchapteroftheStatementpleadsfortheextensionofownership. Itshowshowthefreedomoftheworkerhasbeendestroyedinasystemof productionoverwhichhehasnocontrolandalso,howthedevelopmentof the"fullman"isthwartedbymass-productionmethods.Theattemptto findasolutioninthepresenttrendtowardsState"paternalism"(through socialservicesasanendinthemselvesliscondemned.Therealsolutionlies inownership,andCatholicsbelieveitispossibleanddesirabletorestoreand encouragesmallerindustrialunitsandindependentcraftsmanship.Then thepracticabilityoftheFamilyWageisdiscussed,anditisshownhow,again throughsocialservices,i.e.,State"charity,"Governmentstendtousurpthe rightsofparents.Againtheremedyistobesoughtinownership.

*

Thethirdchapterconcerns"FreedomforIndustry"-whichmeansavery differentthingfromtheconceptsoftheManchesterSchool.Therecanbe nocontinuanceofeitherthepresentbureaucracyortheoldindustrialsystemafterthewar.Industrycanattaintoself-governmentthroughtheIndustrialCouncil,providedtheprocessproceedsfrombelowandistherefore gradual.Astrongpleaismadefortherestorationofagricultureasawayof life.Thepresentparlousconditionoffarmingisreviewed.Thegreatevil oftheabandonmentofthelandhasarisenprimarilyfromregardingtheland asaninvestment,asourceofexploitation.Restorationofagriculturedemandsanewoutlook,anddemocracyitselfdependson,astrongrepresentationofindependentfarmers.Ownership-bythefarmerandnotbythe banker-isagainnecessary,andtheestablishmentofaNationalRuralCouncilisadvocated.Thiswoulddealwithlandproblemsintheirnationalaspects-thepreventionofspeculation,stabilisationoflandprices,andwater conservationneedimmediateattention.Itisshownthatthisfundamental landquestionconcernscitypeopleaswell. * * *

Thefinalchapteradvocatesdecentralisation.Healthysociallifedependsonaproperbalancebetweenurbanandrurallife.Defenceand healthalsoreqUirearationaldistributionofpopulation.Decentralisationis quiteapracticalaffairandcouldbegreatlyfacilitatedbyeconomicelectrificationofthecountry-side,bywaterconservation,bythedistributionoffactories,thedevelopmentofsmallports,etc.Apreliminarytothisplanisthe ownershipofhomesteadfarmsasadvocatedin"JusticeNow!"TheStatementconcludesthatpersonalfreedommustberestored,andthat,basically, thatfightisone"forthesmallunitagainstthelarge,"andonetowhich thedutyofallChristiansshouldimpelthem.Trulyamemorableandclosely-reasoneddocument,andbyfarthemostenlightenedandconstructivecontributiontowardstheradicalsolutionoftheproblemswhichmustbeset post-warreconstruction.

ST.MARY'SCATHEDRAL

PentecostSunday

FortyHours'Adoration

HisGracetheArchbishopcelebratedPontificalHigh.Massat11o'clock onPentecostSundayinSt.Mary'sCathedral.HewasattendedbyVery Rev.Dr.KennedyasAssistantPriest;VeryRev.FatherWallaceandFather Lalor,DeaconsattheThrone;FathersMcGillicuddyandDonnelly,Deaconsof theMass;andRev.FatherRaffertyMasterofCeremonies.

AteveningdevotionsHisGracegavePontificalBenedictionoftheBlessedSacrament.TheoccasionalsermonwaspreachedbyVeryRev.Dr. Goody,RectorofSt.Charles'Seminary.

At3o'clocktheArchbishopconferredtheSacramentofConfirmationon twenty-fouradults.TheceremonytookplaceintheCathedral.HisGrace wasassistedbyVeryRev.Dr.KennedyandRev.FatherDonnelly.Rev. FatherRaffertywasMasterofCeremonies. FORTYHOURS'INCATHEDRAL.

FortyHours'DevotionwillcommenceintheCathedralonFridaymorningnext,June5.TheBlessedSacramentwillbeexposedalldayonFriday, SaturdayandSunday(5th.--7th.);andthedevotionswillclosewithaEucharisticHouronSunday.

OpeningCeremonybythe ArchbishoponJune7

BUFFETTOBEPROVIDED

Rev.FatherBreslin,O.M.I.,Port Chaplain,inconjunCtionwiththeCatholicWelfareOrganisation,hasnow succeededinsettingupaDepotatFremantlefortheuseofservicemen.The furnishingis,however,causingsome concern,andassistanceisbeingsought fortheacquisitionofthefollowing articles:-

Billiardcues, Completekitchenequipment, Atypewriter, Ping-pongtables, Abilliardtable(possiblyonloan), Agascooker, Arefrigeratorfalsoonloan).

TheHall,whichwillbeknownas "TheCatholicWelfareOrganisation DepotfortheArmedForces,"ismeetingallthecostsofrepairs,renovations, andelectricaladjustmentsincidentalto theestablishmentoftheDepot.The C.W.O.isalsoprovidingallthenecessaryequipment,suchaswritingtables, stationery,readingmatter,etc. AfeatureofthenewDepotwillbea buffetforprovidingfoodforvisiting Servicemen.Theexpensesofthe buffetwillbeprovidedbytheC.W.O. ataweeklyoutlayof£4. TheDepotwillbeofficiallyopened byHisGracetheArchbishoponJune 7. TheceremonywillfollowMassat 9am.inSt.Patrick'sChurch,atwhich therewillbeageneralCommunionof theArmedForces.ACommunion breakfastwillbeservedafterwardsin theDepot.Whilethegeneralpublic arewelcometoattendthe9o'clock Mass,thebreakfastwillbeconfinedto meninuniform,owingtolackofspace. Noappealwhateverwillbemadeat theofficialopening.

SolemnRequiemfor LateArchbishop Clune

HisGracetheArchbishoppresided atthechantingofsolemnOfficeofthe Dead,whichprecededtheRequiem MassonFriday,May22,inSt.Mary's Cathedral.Theoccasionwasthe seventhanniversaryofthedeathof thelateArchbishopClune.Atthe conclusionoftheOffice,HisGrace celebratedPontificalRequiemMass andpronouncedtheAbsolutionsat thecatafalque.

HisGracewasattendedbyVery Rev.Dr.KennedyasAssistantPriest, VeryRev.FathersWallaceandMcMahon,asDeaconsattheThrone; Rev.FathersO'SullivanandDonnelly wereDeaconandSubdeaconofthe Mass,respectively,andRev.Father RaffertywasMasterofCeremonies. ThePriests'ChoirchantedtheOffice, andtheCathedralChoir,underRev. AlbertLynch,sangtheRequiem Mass.

Amongtheclergypresentinthe SanctuaryweretheRightRev.MonsignoriB.Fagan,VG.,R.I.,andJ. Moloney,V.F.,RI.:VeryRev.Fathers Reidy,Masterson,Goody,andDuffy, C.SS.R.;Rev.FathersMcCormack, Collins,Ahern,Slowey,McBride, O'Reilly,McGillicuddy,Cryan,O'Kane, Kelliher,Boylan,Brennan,andLalor.

tOe

clircObtocese

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

May31:Canonica;VisitationandConfirmationat.stJer;:me'sChurch, Spearwood.

May31.-3p.m.:AttendW.A.CatholicLawnTennisAssociation'sAnnualPresentationofTrophies,at St.Joachim's'lob,Viet(riaPark. June14.-3.30p.m.:AttendAnnual EucharisticProcessionatSacred HeartChurch,HighgateHill. June21.-9.30a.m.:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmation,atChurchof theHolyRosary,Nedlands.

Saint Charks' SCI111.11(10,

***Ott

twenties

ENROLMENTOFSTUDENTSFOR NEXTYEAR.

Alargenumberofboysexpressed theirdesiretobecomestudentsinSt. Charles'duringthecampaignforthe establishmentoftheSeminarylast year.Someofthesearenownearly halfwaythroughthefirstyearoftheir course;somefellbythewayside,and manyweretooyoungtobecomeSeminariansin1942.

Thosewhoarestillperseveringin theirdesiretocommencetheirtraining forthepriesthoodshouldcommunicate withtheRector,theVeryRev.Dr. Goody,immediately,eitherbyletter orbypersonalinterview.Dr.Goody willbeavailableatanytimebyappointment,eitherattheSeminaryin Guildford,orattheArchbishop'sPalace,inPerth.Thetelephonenumber oftheSeminaryisUL310.

NecessaryRequirementsinProspective Students.

1.Theapplicantshouldbereadyin February,1943,toenterhissecond sub-junioryear.Moreadvancedstudentswillbeadmittedalso,ifotherwiseacceptable. AnelementaryknowledgeofLatin isessentialinanyapplicant.Even theyoungestmusthavecompletedthe studyofthedeclensionsandtheactive regularverbsbeforecomingtothe Seminary.Noexceptionwillbemade inthismatter,foreventhoseboyswho maybeattendingschoolswhereLatin isnottaughtasaregularsubject, shouldhavenodifficultyinacquiring privatelythiselementaryknowledge ofLatin.

2.Theapplicantshouldfeelareal desiretobecomeapriest.TheSem inaryisfornoothers.

3.Theapplicantmustbeofaverage intelligenceatleast,forwhich,aswell asforhismoralcharacter,hemustbe abletoobtainsatisfactorytestimonials fromhisparishpriestandhisschoolteachers.

4.Theapplicantmustenjoynormal goodhealth.

Applicationsshouldbemadetothe Rectorimmediately,whowillsendthe necessaryformsandgiveanyfurther detailswhichmayberequired.

(ContinuedfromPage6.1 formidabletaskoforganisingthe churchinanentire'continentwith butsevenprieststosupporthislabours,butbeforetheheavyburden wasliftedfromhisshouldershehad theconsolationofseeingsanctuaries, schools,andreligioushousesestablishedineveryportionofhisformerjurisdiction,andaHierarchyoftwelve Bishopsgoverningwhereformerlyhe hadruledalone.Themostimper-. ishablemonumentwhichthisgreat 'Archbishopbequeathedtoposterity isthenoblecathedralwhereweare nowassembled.Itistruethathe cherishedafonddreamthatSt.Mary's wouldriseasamonasticcathedral, andthatacloisteredclergyofSt. Benedict'ssonswouldbeabletorepeatinthesoutherncontinentthe missionaryandcivilisingtriumphsof theirEuropeanhistory.Although thedecliningyearsofhislifewere saddenedashewitnessedthefutility ofthatdream,yetitisbutjusttosaythatnomaninourhistorydidmore fortheAustralianChurchthanhe,and weshouldindeedbeanungenerous generationif,onthisauspiciouscentenary,wefailedtopaygratefultributetohisimmortalmemory.

ArchbishopVaughan.

"ThenextprelatetowearthesacredpalliumofSydneywastheMost Rev.RogerBedeVaughan,scionof oneofEngland'smostdistinguished Catholicfamilies,and,likehispredecessor.aspiritualsonofDownside Abbey.Hereceivedtheholypall fromtheApostolicSeethroughthe handsofBishopJamesQuinn,of Brisbane,onJanuary13,1878. This ceremonyisnotwithoutitshistoric significance,foritmarksthefirstoccasiononwhichthesolemninvestiture

ArchbishopKelly. haveavividmemoryoftheoccasionofthecardinal'sdeath,foritwas myprivilegetoservethefirstMass whichwascelebratedasArchbishop ofSydneybyhissuccessor,theMost Rev.MichaelKelly.Itwasinthe beautifullittlechapeloftheCardinal's residenceatManly,inthepresenceof themortalremainsofthelateprelate beforetheyweretransferredtoSt. Mary'sCathedralforthesolemnobsequies.Onthatdaythepallorofdeath whichblanchedthelifelessfaceofthe statelyPrinceoftheChurchwasalmostequalledbythebloodlessfeaturesofhissuccessor,whoseindifferenthealthhadledmanytoprophecy averyshortreignforthenewArchbishop.But,thankGod,hefalsified theprophetsoftheday,andwasrestoredtosuchremarkablehealththat hisvigorouslifewasprolongedfor twentyyearsbeyondtheallottedspan. MichaelKelly,thefourthArchbishop ofSydney,receivedthesacredpalliuminthiscathedraljustthirtyyears agothismonth,andwithhisaccessiontothechairofPolding,theArchdioceseentereduponafruitfulperiod ofsteadydevelopmentineveryphase ofCatholiclife.DuringhisepiscopatetheApostolicDelegationwasestablished,andhehadthehonourof welcomingthefirstApostolicDelegate toAustralasiainthepersonofArchbishop,laterCardinal,Ceretti.Perhapsthegreatesttriumphthatever cametotheAustralianChurchwas themagnificentEucharisticCongress of1928.Thekeynoteofthisprelate's longcareerofusefulnesswassounded byhimselfontheoccasionofhisninetiethbirthday,whenhesaidthatit hadeverbeenhisaiminlifetolove hisGod,hisdutyandhisadopted country.

*"THECENTURYOFAUSTRALIAN TRADITIONBECOMESMERGEDIN TheANCIENTANDIMPERISHABLE ONEOFTheSEEOFPETER."*

wasmadeinAustralia.Thesecond ArchbishopofSydney.thoughhistenureofofficewasrelativelybrief,made aprofoundimpressiononthesocial, intellectualandreligiouslifeofhis time.ItisacommonplaceinAustralianhistoryhowvaliantlyRoger BedeVaughanfoughtforthecauseof Christianeducation,andhowheralliedtheCatholicsofthecontinentto thedeterminationtobuildandequip anindependenteducationalsystem ratherthanyieldtothesoul-destroyingsecularismthatwasbeingimposeduponthenation'sschools.To him,also,belongsthehonouroffirst dedicatingthisgreatcathedralfor publicworship.Inasurprisingly shorttimethewallsofthechancel, transeptsandonebayofthenavehad beenraisedsufficientlyhightocarry aroof,andonSeptember8,1882,the bellsofSt.Mary's,whichwerethe Archbishop'spersonalgift,rangout theirmerrypealstoassembleabrilliantgatheringofprelates,priestsand peopleforthefirstsolemndedication.

TheFirstCardinal.

"Forthenexthalf-centurythedestiniesofthisimportantSeewereentrustedtothefruitfulleadershipof twodistinguishedsonsofSt.Patrick, throughwhosewisdomandzealous labourstheCatholicChurchinSydneywasabletokeepevenpacewith thephenomenalgrowthofthecity.

PatrickFrancisMoran,whoreceived thesacredpalliumatthehandsof BishopMurrayonSeptember14,1884, occupiesauniquepositioninAustralianChurchhistoryasourfirstand onlyCardinal.Thedistinctionwhich CardinalMoranconferreduponthis SeeandthewholeChurchofAustralia haditssourcenotmerelyintheprestigeofhisprincelypurpleandhisinspiringepiscopalleadership.The wisdomandforesightwhichhedisplayedindealingwithnationalaffairswonforhimanhonouredplace amongsttheeminentstatesmenofhis day.Perhapsthegreatestclaim whichhisnamehasuponthegratitudeandreverenceofourgeneration isthatheestablishedthetwogreat seminariesofthisdiocese,andtherebyopenedthegatesofthesanctuary toAustralianyouth.Asachurchman,hisinfluenceextendedthroughouteverdioceseofthecontinentand NewZealand.Heconvokedandpres,derlatthreePlenaryCouncils,consecratednofewerthanfourteenBishops,anddedicatedcathedrals,churches,andschoolsineverypartof Australia.So,foraquarterofacentun-,PatrickFrancisMoran,stately, imperiousandaloof,dominatedthe CatholiclifeofAustraliaasitsacceptedleader.

"ForFreedom"

(Continuedfrom

FrontCover.)

ANewEpoch.

"These,"saidArchbishopSimonds. "arethefourgreatleaderswhohave wornthesacredpalliumofthisMetropolitanSeeduringthecenturythat hasjustexpired."

Then,turningfromthecongregation tothesanctuary,ArchbishopSimonds addressedArchbishopGilroyinthe followingwords:

"And,now,myLordArchbishop, youarecalledupontoinitiateanew epochinitshistory,whenthepallium ofSydneywillbeplacedforthefirst timeupontheshouldersofasonof thecityitself.Itseemstomethat intheinspiringceremonyofto-day twostreamsoftraditionmeet.You havebeenmadetheheirofacentury oftraditionthatenshrinesprecious memoriesofthemissionaryzealof Polding,thebrillianceofVaughan, theprincelyleadershipoftheCardinal, andthesinglemindedservicethat yourimmediatepredecessoralways gavetoGod.Butwhenthesacred palliumisplaceduponyourshoulders thismorningthatcenturyofAustraliantraditionbecomes merged intheancientandimperishabletraditionoftheSeeof Peter,fromwhoseverybodythe blessedstolehasbeensenttoyou. ThroughthehandsoftheApostolic Legateyoureceiveaninstrumentof jurisdictionthatgivesyouasharein thefulnessofpontificalauthorityand liturgicallylinksyouwiththepower ofPeter'skeys.Yoursisaweighty charge,foryouarecalleduponto guidethedestiniesofthishistoric Churchinanagethathaslargely squanderedthespiritualinheritance ofthepast,andisnowpoisedonthe brinkofafuturefullofdarknessand uncertainty.Intheperplexingproblemsthatwillconfrontyou,youwill receivestrengthandinspirationfrom thetraditionsyouhaveinheritedfrom yourillustriouspredecessors,butfrom to-daythepresenceofthesacredpall uponyourshoulderswillbeastrength andacomfortfarmoreinspiring,forit istheoutwardandvisiblesignthat henceforthyourepiscopateisvitally llnkedwiththeunfailingfaithof Peter.

"Mayyoubesparedformanyyears towearthehallowedwoolwhichyou receiveto-day."

OnSundayafternoon,at4o'clock, SolemnPontificalVespers,"TeDeum" andBenedictionoftheMostBlessed Sacramentweregiveninhonourofthe episcopalconsecrationofHisHoliness PopePiusXII.Thepreacherfor theoccasionwasHisGracetheArchbishopofBrisbane,MostRev.J. Duhig.

(2)Theremustbefreedomforthe family:Thisinvolvesthegradual adoptionoftheprincipleoftheFamilyWage,andofpoliciestorestore ownershiptothepeople.

(3)Theremustbeadisciplined freedomforindustry:Thisinvolves thegradualdevelopmentofIndustrialCouncils,toensuretheself-governmentofindustryawayfromthe red-tapeofGovernmentcontrol,and atthesametimethepropersubordinationofindustrytothegoodof thecommunity. Inamostfundamentalsectorof thecommunity'seconomiclife,itinvolvestherestorationofAustralian agriculturetoprosperityandsecurity.

(4)Theremustbefreedomforthe smallcommunity:Thisinvolvesa policyofdeliberateandplannedDecentralisation.

CHAPTERI.

MANMUSTBEFREE.

14.Menhavearighttofreedom,and freedomimpliesaseriesofrights. Menhavetherighttolife;theright topreserveanddefendthatlife:the righttomaintainthatlifeatahuman standardinthematteroffood,of clothing,ofhousing.

Theyhavetherighttoberearedand educated.Theyhavetherighttorear andeducatetheirownchildren.

Theyhavetherighttopractise theirreligionfreelyandtherightto followtheirconscience.

Theyhavetherighttowork.They havetherighttorestandtorecreation.

Theyhavetherighttoownership. Theyhavetherighttoreceivejustice fromtheirfellowmen.

TheserightscometomenfromGod. TheydonotcomefromtheState,and astheStatedidnotgivethem,so,in normalcircumstances,itcannottake themaway.

15.AsthesonofGod,manhasbeen endowedwithfreewill.Godcould haveestablishedabenevolentdictatorshipcompellingallmentodoHisWill. Instead,Heallowedmanthechoicebetweenrightandwrong,andtheproperfunctionofthelawistoensure thataman'senvironmentandsocial conditionsreallyallowhimtoexercisethatfreedomaswidelyaspossible. Itisayearsince,inhisPentecost sermon,PopePiusXII.stronglycondemnedthegeneralsocialcondition"in themidstofwhichthecommonpeople cannot,exceptbyheroicactsofvirtue,observetheDivineCommandments,whichremaininviolableinall circumstances."

16.OurFaith,too,proclaimstheespecialdignityofwork,foritisGod HimselfWhohasgiventheexample ofworktothehumanrace.

17.GoditisWhocreateseverything, andWhonotonlycreates,butkeeps thethingHehascreatedinexistence.

18.Inwhateverworkhedoes,inproducingnewgoodsorinmaintainingold ones,mandisplaysaremarkablelikenesstothisactivityofGod's.And justasGodendowswithHisown goodnessandbeautythethingswhich Hecreates,soman,byhiswork,endowshisownproductswithusefulness, andevenwithbeauty.

NobilityoftheWorker.

19.ThatistheChristianviewof work.Thatisthenobilitywithwhich theworkerisrightlyendowed.Itis therealnobility,greaterthananycomingfromtheaccidentofraceorbirth, thenobilityofthesonsofGod.

20.PopeLeoXIII.condemnedas "shamefulandinhuman"theuseoffellowmensimplytomakeprofit:andthe trueCatholiccanneveridentifyhimself withthosewhovaluetheirbrothersno morehighlythanforwhattheycan earnbytheirmusclesortheirother physicalormentalpowers.Thisisa barbaricreturntotheideasandpracticesofancientpagnismtowhichthe CatholicChurchhasalwaysbeenopposed.Evenahumanemanlikethe paganCicerocouldsay"therecanbe nothingennoblinginaworkshop." AgainstthatpaganviewChristianity hasalwaysheldupthepictureofits Founder,whoisGodHimselfandwho wasyetaCarpenter,andtheSonofa carpenter.

TheMenacetoFreedom.

21.Inthemodernworldtwothings imperilthefreedomoftheworker.

Ontheonehandthereisthefact thatinthevastmajorityofcaseshe hasnocontroloverthemeansofproduction.Thesealmostinvariablybelongtoanother-beitaprivateemployer,apubliccompany,ortheState.

Thustheworker,insteadofbeingregardedasaco-operatorinproduction, istreatedsimplyasalabour-unit,a substituteforamachine,supplying goodsintheproductionofwhichhe hasnovoice.Anyspeculator,nomatterhowignoranthemaybeoftheindustry,can,bybuyingafewshares,exerciseaninfluenceontheconductofa business.Theworkerwhodevotesthe toilofalifetimetoproductionhasno voiceinitscontrol.

22.Ontheotherhand,apartfromthe questionofownershipandcontrol, thegreatfactoryinitselfhasalmost entirelydestroyedthecreativework withwhichtheworkermosttrulyexpresseshispersonality.Workinthe factory,insteadofallowingtheworker todevelophisindividualcraftsmanship andtocreatethingsinwhichhecan takeapride,isdestroyingcreative workmanshipasitbecomesmoreand morerepetitiveandmonotonous.No morestrikingstatementhasbeenmade thanthatofPiusXI.,whopointedout that,whiledeadmattercameoutofthe factoryennobledandtransformed,man emergedcorruptedanddegraded.

23.TheCatholic,claimingashedoes thattheindividalmanandwoman shouldbeallowedtoexercisethefree. domwhichispartoftheirnature,cannotreconcilehimselftoanysystem whichdeniesthatfreedom.

24.TheCatholiccannotreconilehis beliefinfreedomandthedignityof man,thesonofGod,withanoppressivesocialsystemwhichdeniestothe massofmentheownershipoftheir homes,theirbusinessesandthemeans ofproduction.Hecannotreconcile hisbeliefwithasystemwhichcasts themassofmenandwomenintothe soul-deadeningmonotonyofthefactory,anddeprivesthemoftheopportunityofcarryingoncreativeworkin whichalonetheirpersonalitycanfind itsfullexpression.Therefore,theCatholicisopposedtothatmodernbrand ofcapitalismwhichdeprivesthemasses ofownershipandconcentratesitinthe handsofafewmonopolists.

25.TheCatholiccannotreconcile hisbeliefinfreedomwithCommunism which,insteadofreturningthecontrol ofthemeansofproductiontotheworker,concentratesitinthehandsofthe State,sothattheworkerisasmucha slaveasever.

AgainstSocialDespotism.

26.TheCatholiccannotreconcilehis beliefinfreedomwiththat"benevolent"socialdespotismwhichisgrowing inAustralia.Underthishidden,but nonethelessreal,despotismtheState, insteadofexercisingitsproperfunctionofensuringthatthefamiliesof workersareabletomaintainandprovideforthemselves,contentsitself withpayingdolesandsupplyingsocialservices,Thefamilyhasaright tomaintainitself.Thedutyofthe Governmentistoensurethatthefamilyhastheresourceswithwhichtodo so.WhentheGovernmentcarriesout thefunctionsofparents,itweakens thefamilyandsowstheseedofitsown destruction.

27.Thedoleisnecessarysolongas thereisunemploymentinthepresent socialorder.Socialservicesaresimilar1:-necessary.Hospitals,babyhealth centresandthelikewillalwaysberequired.Butthetypeofsocialservice whichissimplyasubstituteforjust wagesandallthattheycangiveis onlyastop-gapandisnotapermanent reform.

28.Further,freedomitselfisonlyan illusionunlessthemasseswhohave beendeprivedoftheirheritageofowneishipcanonceagainenjoytheeffectiveownershipondcontroloftheir homes,theirland,theirbusinesses,and themeansofproduction.

29.Thefightforbetterwagestandardswasnecessaryinthepastandremainsnecessary.Butthefightforsocialjusticeshouldnotbelimitedto thatonething.Despitealltheendeavourofthepast,Autstraliaisstill dividedintotwoclasses-mastersand men-anditisrapidlydegenerating intoanationinwhichthereisone master-theGovernmentandthebureaucracy.Somemaybedeludedinto thinkingtheyarefreebecauseofthe highwagestheyreceiveinthepresent abnormaltimes.Butthesetimewill passandpresentwagestandardsmay wellpasswiththem.

30.Thegreatfighttobecarriedonin thefuture,ifthenewAustraliaistobe foundedonjusticeandonfreedom,is thefighttorestoreownershiptothe peopio-ownershipofhomes,ofland, ofworkshops,andofthemeansofproduction.

(ContinuedOverleaf.)

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31.Providedrightpoliciesareadoptedbypublicauthorities,thisgreat idealoffreedom-real,concrete,practicalownershipenjoyedbytheworker-maystillbeachieved.Whilethe greatfactoryandtheconcentrationof workersarenecessaryinafewindustries,thenumberoftheseislimited. Inthevastmajorityofindustriesthe smallunitisasefficient,andsometimes moreefficient,thanthelarge.The developmentofelectricityasasource ofindustrialenergymakesitpossible forthesmallunitandtheindependentcraftsmantocomebackintotheir own,withoutdiminishingtheoutputof modernindustry.

32.However,thistransformationwill notcomeaboutbychanceorbymagic. Unlessadefinitepolicyispursuedby theGovernmentstoensurethedevelopmentofthesmallindustrialunit, electricalenergymaystillfurtheraggravatetheevilsofthelargefactory. Thenecessityforadefinitepolicyto bringaboutDecentralisationisstated inalaterchapter.

CHAPTERII.

FREEDOMFORTHEFAMILY.

33.Manisentitledtofreedomasan individual.Beyondthat,however,the family,too,isentitledtoitsownproperfreedom.Itisacellwithalife ofitsown,andtherightsandduties whichflowfromitneithercomefrom theStatenorcantheybetakenaway bytheState.

34.Theadoptionoftheprincipleof theFamilyWageisanecessarystage inthebattleforthefreedomofthe worker'sfamily.TheFamilyWage givestothefamilyagreatercapacity toacquireownershipforitself.It givesthewageorsalaryearneragreateropportunityofchoosinghisownjob. Ittidesthefamilyoverbadtimes,so thatitwillnothavetofallatonce intodebtorbecomeimmediatelydependentuponGovernmentrelief.It enablesthefamilybettertoresistthe injusticeofunscrupulousemployers, sinceitisabletohusbanditsfinancial reservesagainstsuchacontingency. Tohavethesethingsisfreedom;not tohavethemisservitude.

3,5.ThisstandardoftheFamily Wagewasdefinedby"JusticeNow!" inthefollowingwords:

"AworkercannotbesaidtobereceivingtheFamilyWageunlessthe amountwhichhereceivesenableshim to:

"fa)Securepropersustenancefor himselfandforhisfamily;

"lb'Havetheopportunityofacquiringamoderateamountofpropertyforhimself,sothathewillnot heentirelydependentonhiswages;

"(c)Makesuitableprovision throughpublicorprivateinsurance, foroldage,forperiodsofillnessand unemployment;

"(dImprovetheculturalconditioninwhichheandhisfamilylive" 36.Sufficienthasbeensaidin"JusticeNow."todemonstratethefact thatthepaymentoftheFamilyWage isamatterofjusticeandnotofcharity;thatitisthefirstchargeuponindustry,andthatitcomesbefor:profit ordividends.

37.Theapplicationofthedoctrineof theFamilyWagewouldbringabouta major,evenarevolutionary,changein theAustraliansocialsystem.Forthis reasonithasbeencondemnedasimpracticablebysomewhothinkthat athingisimpossiblebecauseitisdifficult.Others,havinginmindtheprejudicesofthepast,ignoretheprinciple onthegroundthatbecauseofpolitical conditionsitwouldbeinexpedientto applyit.

38.Thesearedangerousideas.To evadeongroundsofpoliticalexpediencyadutywhich,inplainjustice,is owedtotheworkersofAustraliacannotbejustified.

JusticeBefore"Charity."

39.Thosewho,ontheotherhand, maintainthattheFamilyWageisbeyondwhatthenationcanaffordto pay,wouldbewelladvisedtorememberthemillionsofpoundswhichare spentannuallyonsocialservices.

Manyofthese-likethepublichospitalsystem-canonlybecarriedonby theGovernmentandmustbecarried onbyit.Butmanyothers,especially thoseassociatedwiththeproperfeedingandmedicalwelfareofchildren,are morerightlywithintheprovinceofthe parentsthemselves.

Governmentsand,inaddition,that theGovernmentswhichtakeonthe dutiesofparentsarecourtingdisaster, sinceunconsciouslytheyareweakening thefamilybond.Yetitisprecisely inthisspherethatagreatdangerto thelibertiesofAustraliansistobe found."Itmaybeharder,"writes ChristopherDawson,"toresistatotalitarianStatewhichreliesonfreemilk andbirthcontrolclinicsthanonewhich reliesoncastoroilandconcentration camps."

12.Godsodesignedtheworldthat parentsshouldcarefortheirownchildren,andthismendidsuccessfully untiltheabusesofanunbridledcapitalismbrokedowntheeconomicbasis ofthefamily,destroyedthefreedom oftheworker,andmadeitinevitable thatGovernmentsshouldtrytodo whatparents,underthisvicioussystem, couldnolongerdo.

ThepaymentoftheFamilyWage willenableparentsonceagaintocare fullyfortheirownchildren.

OwnershipforthePeople.

43.OfitselftheFamilyWageisnot sufficienttoensurethefreedomofthe family.Fullfreedomdependsupon theeffectiveownershipofhomes,of land,ofworkshops,bythepeopleoperatingthem. ThereismuchthatGovernmentscan dotorestoreownershiptothepeople. Familiescanbeencouragedtoown theirownhomes,andgiventhefinandalassistancetoenablethemtodoso. Greatercreditfacilities,throughthemediumofpublicinstitutions,canbeextendedtocraftsmenandsmallbusiness men.Thetaxationoflargeaggregationsofcapitalandofadvertisingwill helptopreservethesmallman,while acarefulwatchonmonopoliesisnecessarytopreventtheextensionoftheir power.

44.Needlesstosaythesepoliciesof theFamilyWage,andofthespreadof ownershiptothepeople,aregeneral policiestowhichtheGovernmentsof Australiashouldaddresstheirattention.Thesearenotpoliciestobecarriedthroughsuddenlyandwithoutthe mostsearchingenquiryastothebest methodsbywhichtheprinciplesmay beapplied.Butthesearchingenquiry willneedtobemadeandtheprinciple willneedtobeadoptedifthefreedom forwhichouryouthto-dayisfightingis nottobearoseatedreamagainstthe uglyrealityoftheslaveState.

CHAPTERIII. FREEDOMFORINDUSTRY.

45.Thefreedomofindustry-disciplinedandlimited-mustalsobewon fromtheStatecontrolwithwhichthe industriallifeofthenationisthreatened. Itshouldbeunderstoodthatthe crisisofwarprovidesanexceptionto thisprinciple. Exceptionalmeasuresmustbetaken bytheGovernmentifthenationisto bepreservedintimeofdirectdanger. Theconflictbetweenemployersand workersinAustraliahadproceededto suchastage,andtheideaofsocialresponsibilityinindustryhadbecomeso perverted,thattherewasprobablyno alternativetothedictatorialpowers takenbytheFederalGovernment.

46.Thepassingofthewaremergency, however,mustwitnesstheendofthe bureaucraticcontrolofindustriallife which,innormaltimes,willthreaten thefreedomofeveryworker.Itshould neverbeforgottenthatthecontrol whichistakeninwar-time-among otherthingsdenyingtotheworkerthe righttochangehisjob-isnecessary anddesirableonlyinwar-time.Itmust notbeallowedtocontinueintimeof peace. 17Australiacannevergobackto theoldindustrialsystemwhichprevailedbeforetherecentregulations, governingtheeconomiclifeofthenation,cameintofor:e.TheseregulationsexpressedthesoundandChristianprinciplethatindustrydoesnot existprimarilytoprofittheindividual, buttoservethecommongood.The practicaloutlawryofunbridledclass warfare,thedrasticrestrictionson harmfulspeculationbothinlandand inindustry,theprohibitionofexorbitantprofitstoinvestedcapital-these aresoundmeasuresandwillbeapplaudedbyallChristianswhoviewwithdisgustthesufferingandoppressionwhich theseabuseshavebroughtaboutinthe past. IndustrialCouncilforSocialControl.

Obtainable onlyat

40.SincetheFamilyWageisnot paidatpresent,manyparentsareunabletocarefortheirchildrenandprovideforthemastheyshould.To makeupforthisdeficiencyGovernments,forexample,spendverylarge sumsinprovidingproperfoodfor schoolchildren,andinensuring,asfar astheycan,thatchildrenreceivepropermedicalcare.

41.Allsanemenwilladmitthatthis isthefuntionoftheparentandnotof

48.Socialcontrolmustbepreserved, butitiswrongthatitshouldbeexercisedinnormaltimessolelybythe Government.Thiscanonlyplunge AustraliaintoatypeofStatedespotismwhichisdestructiveofallfredom.

49.SocialcontrolmaywellbeexercisedthroughtheIndustrialCouncil. TheIndustrialCouncilisabodycom-

posedofrepresentativesofemployers, employees,andtheState(representing thecommunityingeneral).ItisendowedbytheGovernmentwithlegal powersufficienttogoverntheindustry. Itisorganisedfrombelowtoensure popularcontrol.Itcangivetothe communityaguaranteethatindustry willservethecommongood,without bringingaboutthedestructionoffreedomwhichisinevitablewherebureaucracyrules.TheIndustrialCouncil, inaddition,givestotheworkersaneffectiveshareinthecontrolofindustry. Thisisnotgiveninordinaryschemes limitedtoprofit-sharing.

50.Theself-governmentofindustry, providedthepropersafeguardsarepreserved,isabetterprinciplethanthe dominationofindustrybytheState. Theindustryisregulatedbythosebest fittedtocontrolit,and,beinggivena senseofresponsibility,workersand employersdonotfallintothefatal errorofrelyingforeveryingonthe State.

51.Sincethevocationalorganisation ofindustryisbasedprimarilyonthe principleofserviceratherthanofprofit,itwillregulateproductionaccordingtotheneedsofthecommunity.It offersawayofpreventingthebusiness fluctuationsofthepresentsystem.It enablesthecommunitytoenjoythe plannedeconomiccontrolwhichisindispensableifunemploymentistobe prevented.Itistheonlywayby whichthiscontrolcanbesecuredwithoutthedespotismwhichdirectState managementinvolves.

52.Therearedangers,however,tobe guardedagainstinthedevelopmentof IndustrialCouncils.

53.TheIndustrialCouncilisanend atwhichtoaim.Itoughtnottobe imposedfromabovebytheState. Underpresentconditionsitisalmost certainthatworkersandemployers wouldtakedifferentsides,andtheeffectivedecisionwouldsimplybeleftto theGovernmentrepresentative.

54.Astrikingexampleofthiswas theAustralianIndustrialCouncil,which wasestablishedsomemonthsago,and whichdiedalmostassoonatiswas born.Itisuselesstoignorethefact thatclassantagonisminAustraliaisat themomenttoogreattoallowIndustrialCouncilstofunctionandtoachieve thepurposeforwhichtheyaredesigned.

GradualApproachtoIndustrial Councils.

55.ItisfarbetterthatGovernments shouldkeeptheobjectiveoffullyoperativeIndustrialCouncilsinviewby graduallyincreasingtheresponsibilitiesofexistingtradeunionsandemployers'organisations,byinducing thesetoworktogetherwherepossible andbyremedyinganyabuseswithin them.

56.Afurtherdangertobeavoidedis thatIndustrialCouncils,unlessthey areanimatedbytheproperspirit,may easilyreproducetheworstfeaturesof present-daymonopoliesinseekingprofitforthemselvesattheexpenseofthe community.TheGovernmentshould possesssufficientauthorityoverthe IndustrialCounciltoguardagainst thisdanger.

57.Finally,itmustberecognisedthat IndustrialCouncilswillfailcompletely unlessanewspiritanimatesemployers andemployeesintheirmutualrelations.NowhereistheregreaternecessityforthetrueChristianspiritofcooperation.Class-antagonismwilldestroythisattempttobringaboutthe democraticcontrolofindustrymore effectivelythananyotherfactor.

CHAPTERIV. ASTRONGAGRICULTURE.

58.Inthegreatallocutionwhichhe deliveredonPentecostSundaylast year,PopePiusXII.indicatedoneof thegreatdiseasesfromwhichthemodernworldissuffering,namely,thedestructionofagriculture.

59.Inthefollowingwordshegavethe kernelofasolution "Ofallthegoodsthatcanbethe ob;ectofprivateownership,"wrote HisHoliness,"nooneismoreproper tonaturethantheland,theholding onwhichthefamilylives,andfrom theproductsofwhichitdrawsallor partofitslivelihood.

If,to-day,theconceptofthecreationoflivingroomisatthecentre ofsocialandpoliticalaims,should wenot,beforeallelse,thinkofliving roomforthefamily?"

60.Thisdeclarationmighthavebeen madewithparticularapplicationto Australia.OursisacountrybountifullyendowedbyGodwithcultivable land,markedoutnotonlytobeagreat granary,but,evenmore,tobethe strongholdofaclassofindependent farmers.Freedomisstronglyentrenchedwithinanationwhichboasts avirileclassoffarmers,andwithfreedomtheregoesthatmilitarysecurity whichisforfeitedbythenationwhich -discardsitscountrypopulation.

61.TheconditionofAustralia'sagricultureisAustralia'sshame.Nocontrastissogreatasthatwhichexists betweenwhatisandwhatmighthave been.Insteadofaclassofindependentfarmers,Australiacanboastonly anagriculturewhichishopelesslymortgagedandsavedfromdestructionby periodicdosesofState"charity."The overwhelmingweightofdebtwhichtodaypressessoheavilyonthefarming populationisthegreatanddetermining factorinAustralianagriculture.It affectsthevastmajorityofAustralian farmingfamiliesandcontinuallyintroducestheelementsofspeculationand insecurityintowhatshouldbeasure andprosperouswayoflife.

62.Itistragic,too,thattheidealof theself-containedhomesteadisonly rarelyknown,andstillmorerarely practised,inAustralia.Manyfactors haveledtothis.Ontheonehand thereisthatattitudewhichregardsthe landasasourceofinvestmentrather thanasawayoflife;ontheotherhand thereisthepressureofexistingdebts whichoftencompelsfarmerstoproducesolelyforamarket.

TheFlightFromtheLand.

63.Itisinourownlifetimethatthe manyandcomplexfactorswhichhave deprivedthelandofitssecurityhave culminatedinthewidespreadabandonmentofthelandbyitspeople,aphenomenongraphicallybuttrulydescribed asthe"FlightfromtheLand."This canhaveonlythemostdangerousconsequencesforthenation.

64.ThemanwholovesAustraliaand itstraditionsoffreedomcanneversubscribetotheviewpointofthosewho maintainthattheflightfromtheland isanaturaldevelopment,resultingfrom theimprovementinfarmmachinery, whichenablesvastquantitiesoffood, sufficienttofeedthecities,tobeproducedbyfewermenontheland.

65.Thelanddoesnotexistprimarily tofeedthecities.Thelandisthe naturalhomeofthefamily;andthe family,asaninstitution,flourishesbest whenitislinkedtotheland.

66.Thelandcangivefreedomtothe individualandthefamilyinaway whichisimpossibletoindustry.All thathasbeensaidalreadyaboutthe freedomwhichcomesfromtheownershipandcontrolofthemeansofproductionbytheworkerhimself:allthat hasbeenwrittenofthecreativework whichamancanperformonhisown propertyandwithhisownimplements: thesethingscanheappliedonlywith difficultytothecomplexlifeofthe factoryandofthecity;buttheycan beappliedsimplytothelandandto agriulture.

DemocracyNeedstheLand.

67.Furthermore,democracyitself dependsuponthepreservationofa strongandnumerousclassoffarmers. Switzerlandisanotableexampleof this.Thereisnomoreviriledemocracyintheworldthanthedemocracy oftheSwiss,andthestrengthofthis democracydependsentirelyonthe numerousclassoffarmerswhoown theirownlandandaresecureuponit. Ontheotherhand,thegrowthofgreat citiesnotonlybreaksthebalanceofa nation'seconomy,buthastendedeverywheretotheincreaseofsocialantagonismissuing,inmanycases,inviolent revolutionandleadingtotheriseof dictatorship.

68.Ownershipmustberestoredtothe farmerandgiventothefarm-labourer. Thiswillrequirestrongandeffective actiononthepartofGovernments-in manycasesmoredrasticandfarreachingthanthatwhichisnecessaryin industry.

69.Thecrisisofruraldebtmustbe faced.Itisafactthat,whateverthe originsofexistingdebts,itisphysicallyimpossibleforalargemajorityof menandwomenonthelandtoexercise ownershipandcontroloverfarms which,inreality,arenottheirown,but thepossessionsoffinancialinstitutions.

70.Apropersocialdisciplinemust bebroughtaboutinagriculture.It ismanifestlyunfairthatfarmerswho arerelievedofthepressingburdenof debtsothattheymayagainenjoy thebenefitsofownership,shouldbe permittedtobuildupdebtsofthis natureoncemore.Farmingcan neverbesecureifitfacesafinancial crisiseveryfewyears.

ItisnotthedoctrineoftheChurch thatsimplybecauseamanownspropertyhecandealwithitashewishes. Theownerisatrusteeeforthecommunity,andthecommunityisentitledtoseetoitthathisownership doesnotconflictwiththecommon good.

NationalRuralCouncil

71Themeansbywhichthiscontrolmaybestbeexercisedisthrough theformationofaNationalRural Council,representativeofmenonthe land,farmers,farm-workers,technicians,consumersandtheState,toex(ContinuedonPage12.)

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excisepowersustherealmofagriculturesimilartothoseofIndustrial Councilsinindustry.

72.Amongtheurgentreformswhich suchabodymightimmediatelycarry throughisonewhichisforeshadowedintheregulationsrecentlyframed bytheFederalGovernment-ane1 fectivemeasuretostabilisetheprice oflandonthebasisofitsproductive valueandacompleteembargoonthe speculationwhichhasdonesomuch tobringagriculturetobankruptcy.

73.Equallyurgentisthequestion ofanationalplanofwater-conservation.Thereisnogreaterphysical handicaptotheprosperityofAustralianagriculturethanlackofaregular seatersupplyinareaswhichwould otherwisebefertile.Aproperlydevelopedandexecutednationalplanof waterconservationwillbeeffective inovercomingthisgreatobstacle.

74.Theopportunityistakenhereto drawattentiontothemagnificent workofrebuildingwhichhasbeen achievedinBelgium,inHolland,in theScandinaviancountriesandin NovaScotiabythespreadofrural co-operation.Ineveryfield-producers,consumers,marketingand credit-ithasbeenanoutstanding successandhasledtoagreatruralrevivalineachoneofthesecountries.

75.Itisrecognisedthatthereare manydifficultiesinthewayofcooperation,andthatthegreatestofall isthespiritualobstacle.Unlessmen arepreparedtolookforthegoodof theircomradesandnotonlyforthe goodofthemselves,co-operationwill notsucceed.Somewouldsaythat thisisanimpossibleideal,butthe newspiritgraduallybeingengendered intotheCatholicruralcommunityby theNationalCatholicRuralMovement,ofwhichmanymanifestations havealreadybeengiven,isthepromiseofgreaterthingstobeachieved inthesphereofco-operation.

RebuildingtheRuralCommunity.

76.Amagnificentfieldofactionis openforpublicauthoritiesinimprovingthesocialconditionsofthe land.Thishasbeenwellexpressed already:

"Educationisneededtomakethe farmfamilymasterofitseconomic destinyandtoopentoitsmembers newculturalandintellectualvistas. Educationisneededtochangethe mentalattitudeofthefarmerand thefarmfamily. learntolookuponhisfarmasa home.Heshouldlearntoappreciatethethingsnecessaryfor wholesomeruralfamilylife-amodernhoyse,equippedwithproper sanitation,properlyfurnishedequippedwithlabour-savingdevicesand installations,andsuppliedwith readingmaterialandotherthings ofculturalvalue.

"Theextensionofruralelectrificationshouldmakepossibleatmoderatecosttheeliminationofmuch ofthedrudgerycharacteristicof theaverageruralhome.Rural

STOVES,WoodorGas,newand used,sold,bought,repaired.W.A. StoveCoy.,559WellingtonStreet. B6307.

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electrificationshouldalsostimulate thedevelopmentofhomeartsand crafts-aculturalandeconomic blessingaswellasanothertieto bindthefamilytogether.The farmyardcouldbemadeattractive withlittleexpenseapartfromthe labourofthefamily.Landscaping, includingtheuseoftreesandflowers,wouldgivetothefarmhomeits propersettingandmakeitapleasantandsatisfyingplaceofresidence."

TheLandConcernsCityDwellers.

77.Finally,itcanbesaidwith certaintythattherewillneverbea strongagricultureinthiscountryunlessallAustralians-farmers,citydwellers,Governments-areprepared totakeapositiveinterestinthewelfareoftheland,coupledwithacompletelynewattitudetowardsit.

Concernforthelandisnotonlythe businessoffarmers;itisthedutyof citypeopleaswell.Anyplanofre constructionwhichignorestheland cannotbepermanent.Sinceavast majorityoftheAustralianpeopleare concentratedincities,theyalonecan createthepressureofpublicopinion whichwillcompelGovernmentsto dealfairlywiththeland.

Itisthedutyofthecitytoplay itspartinthereconstructionofagriculture.

78.TheMalvernLEng.)Conference oftheChurchofEnglandemphasised thisview."Wemustrecoverreverencefortheearthanditsresources, treatingitnolongerasareservoirof potentialwealthtobeexploited,but asastorehouseofDivinebountyon whichweutterlydepend."

79. Inthischangedmind,the farmer,freedfromthepressingburdenofdebt,willseekfirsttoprovide forhimselfandhisfamily,andthen toobtainamoneyincomefromthe saleofproductsforthemarket.

80.Hewillrealisethatagriculture tsnotanindustry,butawayoflife. Hisidealwillbe,nottosellhispropertyataprofit,butcarefullytohusbandtheresourcesofhisholdingso thathecanhanditdowntosubsequentgenerations,itsfertilityincreasingcontinuallyasaresultof goodfarmingpractices.

CHAPTERV. FREEDOMFORSMALLCOMMUNITIES.

81.Theconcentrationofvastmasses ofourpeopleinafewgreatcitiesisan obviousdangertothestabilityofAustralia.ItwillbeimpossibletoestablishasocietyoffreeAustralians aslongasthisconditionlasts.A properbalancebetweentownand countrylifemustheattainedifa healthysociallifeistobepreserved.

82,Thedangersofcentralisationare evidenttoeverythinkingAustralian.

83.Fromtheimmediatemilitary pointofview,nothingissoalarming astheconcentrationofvitalindustriesinafewgreatcitiesalongthe Australianseaboardwheretheyare particularlyvulnerabletoenemyattack.Scatteredinsmallertowns throughouttheinterior,ourwarindustrywouldbelargelyimmunefrom fromthisthreat.

84.Fromthelong-rangepointof viewtheveryhealthofthenationis menacedaslongastheslumsseeminglyinseparablefromthegreatcitycontinuetoexist.Mentalandphysical diseasesarethegrimcompanywhich followintheirtrain.

8.5.Itisvirtuallyimpossibletoestablishasoundagricultureaslongas onecitydominateseachStateinthc, ContinuedonBackCover.)

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DEATH.

STOKES.-OnMay18,atSt.Johnof GodHospital,Subiaco,Frances Stokes,lovedgrandmotherofBernard ( Joseph (A.I.F. abroad),Brenda1Corri4inI,James, Desmond,MarcelleandPatricia (Cunderdin).

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INMEMORIAM.

DONEY.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearmotherandsister,FrancesMargaretDoney,whopassedawayMay 26,1941. MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul. -Insertedbyherlovingson,daughter,sisterandbrother.

KENNY.-Sacredtothememoryof ourbelovedmother,JohannaKenny, diedMay29,1917,belovedmotherof Mrs.O'Brien,grandmotherofJim, Jack,Carmel. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul.

WIGGET.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearsister,Ida,whodiedMay29, 1932. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul. -Insertedbyherlovingsisters, MadgeandHilda.

ENGAGEMENT.

GertrudeMary,onlydaughterof Mr.andMrs.ThomasL.Warren,of Nash-street,Perth,toMatthewBernard,thirdsonofthelateEdwardand GraceCarley,ofFrankston,Victoria.

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WantedCook-General;comfortable home;nolaundry;everyconvenience; goodwages.Applyinwriting,Box N1167,G.P.O.

WantedcapableHousekeeper;three men,fatherandtwosons;ciuntry; 30s.perweekandkeep;goodhome. ApplyT.L.,thisoffice.

Wantedyounggirl,mindchildren andassisthousework;countrytown; goodwagessuitablegirl.ApplyM.B., thisoffice.

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THE Busbies'Corner

DearCornerites,-Well,asyouall know,thisisthelastweekofMay.I hopethat,asyoulookbackoverthis monthyoucanhonestlysaythatyou havepaidspecialdevotiontoOur Lady.Haveyoucrownedherthe QueenoftheMayinyourhearts?I hopethatyouhave,forOurLadyis awonderfulfriendtohave.Our LordrarelyrefusesHisBlessed Motheranything,andthroughheryou canobtainyourrequests.Tryand cultivate,then,aspecialdevotionto OurLady,andconfideeverythingin her.Shelovesyou,youknow,becauseyouareherchildrentoo.Let ussee,thenthattheQueenofthe Mayalwaysoccupiesawarmcorner inourhearts,andwewillneverregretthis,forMarywillproveatrue friendtous.

AUNTBESSY.

MARY,QUEENOFMAY.

DearAuntBessy,-Findenclosed tenshillingsfortheBushies'Fund,in honouroftheImhnaculateCondeptionoftheMotherofGod,inthanksgivingforacureIreceived.Wishing theBushieseverysuccess.

AGRATEFULCLIENTOFMARY.

DearClientofMary,-Iamvery pleasedtohearthat,throughthein. tercessionofMary,youreceivedyour request.AndyoushowyourgratitudetoOurLadyinthebestpossible way.Maysheobtainmanyfavours foryou.

AUNTBESSY.

* *

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindenclosedpostalnoteforthreeshillings, fortheBushiesScheme.

SOMEONE.

DearSomeone,-You'renotmerely "Someone"tome,youknow,buta truefriendoftheBushies,andI wouldfeelthatsomethingwassadly amissifIdidnotseeyournamein mymail.Thankyouagainforyour generosity.

AUNTBESSY. * *

DearAuntBessy,-Iamsending youtwoandsixfortheMisisons.I havebeenonholidaysforoneweek,

butnowwehavetogobacktoschool. Daddyhasbeensickinhospitalfora fewweeks,butIhopethathewillget bettersoon.Iwantyoutosendme aprickcardfortheBushies,andI willfillitin.Ithasbeenraininga lotupinKalgoorlie.Hasitbeen rainingmuchinPerth?Ihadaletterfrommyfriend,JannyO'Donnell, thisweek.ShelivesinInglewood.

MARGARETMcLERNON.

DearMargaret,-Iamverypleased tohearfromyou,andIhopethat youenjoyedyourholidays.Theyare funwhiletheylast,aren'tthey?I amsorrytohearthatyourfatherhas beenill,butIhopethathewillsoon recovercompletely.Iwillsendyou aprickcard,Mary,andIknowthat youwillfillitinquickly.Ithas beenrainingveryhardinPerth,but theweatherisquitepassablenow. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-AsmalldonationfortheBushies.Ihopethat yourLemonadeBottleisgradually fillingtooverflowing,evenwithall thecallsonthepurse Au revoir,withawishforaprayerby youforaspecialintentionforme.

NEVERNEVER.

DearNeverNever,-Manythanks foryourgenerositytotheBusbies.I amsurethat,withpeoplelikeycubehindit,theLemonadeBottlewill neverrundry.Itcertainlyneedsreplenishingatthemoment,however. Stillthatwillrightitselfintime,of thatIamcertain.Iwillcertainly prayforyou,andIhopethatyou obtainyourrequest. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Enclosedfind tenshillingsfortheBushies'Scheme, ingratitudeforfavoursreceived.Is theCorrespondenceClassstillworking?Iwouldlikethelessonsformy 10-year-olddaughter.Withevery goodwishforyouandyourwork.Yourssincerely, E.N.

DearE.N.,-Thankyouforyour kinddonationfortheBushies.To helpothersisthebestwaytoshow ourgratitudetoGod,whenweourselveshavebeenfortunate,Withrt..gardtotheCorrespondenceClass,I wouldadviseyoutogetintouchwith MotherMaryAugustine,LoretoConvent,Claremont.Sheconductsthe classes,andIamsurethatshewould begladtohelpyou. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindenclosedpostalnoteforfiveshillings. WillyouhaveaMasssaidinhonour oftheLittleFlower,tograntavery greatfavourtoaworriedmother.If thefavourisgranted,Iwillhave anotherMasssaidinthanksgiving. AWORRIEDMOTHER.

DearWorriedMother,-Ihavemade arrangementstohaveaMasssaidfor you,andIamconfidentthat,ifitis God'swill,theLittleFlowerwillobtainyourrequestforyou.Have confidenceinher,andshewilldothe rest. AUNTBESSY.

11111111.1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111,1111111111118111

LEMONADEBOTTLE.

AcknowledgedWithThanks. s.d.

GratefulClientofMary 100

Mrs.

1119.11110101MIUNIMIHIDIVIMIHIHOUIflifilUIHIMIfil

THLBESTVALUEFORYOUR MONEYAT F.J.DUFF'S WINESALOON.

CornerARUNDELSTREETand SOUTHTERRACE,FREMANTLE.

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CLAREMONT-17BROWNST. Tel.F1717.

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BIINBURY.

LANDandESTATEAGENT

G.H.TEEDE

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Businesses,Farms,Houses,Land ForSale.

J.F.CAIN

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S.BEECROFT-Butcher

181RokebyRoad,Subiaco.

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J.NEILSON,Optician

S.DANNELL,F.S.M.C.(London), W.A.O.A.

OPTOMETRIST. Tel.:B1616

16PLAZAARCADE,PERTH.

INTERNATIONALFISHERIES

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NewHospitalofSt.JohnofGod,Subiaco

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T.R.NICHOLASCOY.LT METROPOLITANMARKETS,PERTH.

RadioInterlude GermanbroadcasttoSpain revealsunbridgeablegulf betweenChurch&

State

NaziPropagandistThrowsOff theMask

"DONALVARO"AND"POLITICALCATHOLICISM"

TheVaticanbroadcastamessagetoSpain.Itwasanarticlewhich hadappearedintheofficialorganoftheVatican,the"OsservatoreRomano,"andcriticisedtheNaziattitudetowardsChristianityingeneral, andCatholicisminparticular.Italianmouthpiece,SignorFarinacci,repliedwithvehemenceinhispaper,"RegimeFascista."

ThecudgelswerethentakenupbytheGermanpropagandist,"Don Alvaro,"whoalsorepliedtotheVaticanstatementinhisownbroadcastto Spain."DonAlvaro"hadhithertoridiculedtheideaofaconflictbetweenNaziGermanyandtheHolySee,butinthistalkhedidnotdisguisethefact.HetoldSpainplainlythattheCatholicChurchwasthe enemyofNazism,"wouldprobablybecapableofjoiningthedevilhimself.' Thefollowingisafulltranslationofwhathesaid:-

"TheorganoftheHolySeemadea violentattackontheNational-Socialist regime,accusingitofanimosity against,andpersecutionof,thecliffe-entChristianreligions,especiallyCatholicism.The'RegimeFascists' comesoutindefenceofthetruthand clearlyrevealsthetraditionalpolicy oftheRomanChurchofapplyinga fastandloosemethodofjudgingfacts accordingtowhethertheyarepleasant ornot.The`RegimeFascista'shows uptheoldhostilityoftheVatican forNational-SocialistGermanyand says'TheHolySeeisalwayspleasod tofindanythingitcaninanyway makeuseoftoattackNational-Socialism,whileitretainsanattitudeofcalculatedsilenceandclosedeyestomore seriousfacts,whichwouldbeanadmissionofthejusticeofGermanyand herallies:Thatverysameorganof theVaticanwhichisanechoofthe untruthspropagatedbyinternational judaismaboutanabsurdandnonexistentreligiouspersecutioninGermany,remainssilentonthegenuine persecutionoftheChristianreligionin CommunistRussia,andclosesitseyes totheinfamousAnglo-SovietAlliance, which,ifvictorious,wouldleaveno stonestanding,eveninSt.Peter'sin Rome.

"The'RegimeFascista'goesonto saythatitwassufficientforanordinaryciviliantopublishanexaltedhook onNational-Socialistideals,forthe 'OsservatoreRomano'tobreakthesilenceithadbeenkeepingontheatrocitiesofCommunistatheisminorderto holdforthaboutreligiouspersecution inGermany,whichdoesnotorcannot existinanycivilisedcountry.The 'RegimeFascista'endsthissensational articlebymentioningthatthePress inthedemocraticcountriesisinspired byjudaismandfreemasonry,and....as enthusiasticaboutthearticleinthe 'OsservatoreRomano'andbroadcastit whereverpossible.

"TheoldtacticsoftheVaticancome tolightagainandittakeseveryopportunitytoattackNational-Socialismaswellasanyrestrictionsimposed upontheChurchinhereagernesstointerfereinaffairsofState.Inthat casetheChurchcanjointheSoviets, justasitjoined theunbelievers againstChristianprincesandasit wouldprobablybecapableofjoining thedevilhimself.

"Thehostilityof theVatican againsttheThirdReichisonlydue tothedefensiveattitudeoftheNational-Socialistregime,forcingthe Churchtokeepwithinherownsphere andtoabstainfromagitatinginthe politicsofState.IntheliberalGermanyof1933theChurchhadgreat politicalinfluence,whichwasequally harmfulfortheStateandforthe spiritualinterestsoftheCatholic clergy.WhentheChurchwas obligedtorefrainfrominterferingin politicsitreactedbycallingitselfpersecuted.National-Socialismwasalwaysrespectfultowardsallreligious creeds,makingthemallequaland givingthemfreedomtoexercisetheir missioninthechurches,butthatwas ofnoavail.NeitherisitofanyconsequencethatthirtymillionCatholics inGermanypractisetheirreligionas freelyasinthemostCatholiccountry ofEurope.

"The1-aticancloseditsearsandits eyestoallthesefactsanddidnothesitatetotakeupthecampaignofinternationaljudaism,whichishypocriticalenoughtomaintainthatNational-SocialismhatesChristiansand Jewsalikeandthatbothshouldform aunitedfrontagainstGermanyinthis war.Thiswasthemainthemelast nightfromRadioMoscow,commentingonthearticleinthe'Osservatore Romano'anddeducingfromitthe necessityofformingaunitedfront oftheAnglo-Saxondemocracies,the SovietUnion,andtheCatholicsofthe world. "WedonotknowifitwastheintentionoftheorganoftheHolySeeto givethisidea,butthedeductionsof RadioMoscowareinteresting,andwe donotdoubtthatthatunitedfront ofCatholicsandAtheistswouldunsettletheequanimityoftheChurch, howevergreatitshostilityagainstNational-Socialismforhavingcommittedtheterriblecrimeofforcingitto refraininGermanyfrompoliticalactivitiesandtokeeptoitsrealmission -thesalvationofsoulsinthechurches.-

WHY THEKOOKABURRA Laughs

Aweddingcarriagewasseendriving throughthestreetsofLondonthe othermorning.Inscribedinchalk onthebackwerethewords:"Result ofCarelessTalk." *

Agroupofmenwereintheclub justbeforedinner.Thetalk,forno goodreason,turnedtomarriedlife.

"Well,-saidonefellow,"thereal comfortinlifearriveswhenyou'vesettleddownwithonewomanyoulove. Youcanargueallyouwant,butits myopinionthat,oncethey'vesettled down,mostmenremainfaithful."

Mostofthemenpresentagreedwith him.Butanoldermaninthegroup shookhishead.

"Idon'tagreeatall,"heasserted.

"Andifyoufellowsarehonest,you'll knowthatI'mright.I'llbetanyman anewhatthatthrereisn'toneofyou whohasn'tstrayedfromthestraight andnarrowsincehe'sbeenmarried."

"I'lltakethatbet,"criedoneswift ly.

"Howlonghaveyoubeenmarried?" askedthecynic.

"SincelastSaturday,"wasthereply. Thecrowdroared,ofcourse-and oneofthelistenerswassoamusedthat hecouldhardlywaittogethometo tellhiswifeaboutit.

Attheendofthestoryhelaughed andlaughed.Buthislaughterdied ashenoticedastrangeexpressionon hiswife'sface.

"What'sthematter?"heasked.

"Don'tyouthinkthestory'sfunny?"

"Veryfunny,"sherepliedquietly.

"Butwhereisyournewhat?"

*

Fromaprovincialnewspaper:"Reliableandhard-workingclerkwhois paidonFridayandisbrokeonTuesdaywouldliketoexchangesmallloans withanotherwhogetspaidonWednesdayandisbrokeonSaturday."

Themanager,interviewingacandidate forthepositionoftraveller,said:"We musthaveamanwithgreatpersuasivepowers."

"Persuasivepowers!"saidtheapplicant."Why,lastweekIsoldtwo egg-cupsandalemonsqueezer."

AverystrictJewwentintoaLon donbutcher's.

"AreyousurethismeatisKosher? heasked.

"Itshouldbe,"repliedthebutcher. "ItranfiveyearsforSollyJoel." *

"MayIaskyouthesecretofsuccess?"onambitiousyoungmansaidto agreatmerchant.

"Thereisnoeasysecret,-repliedthe merchant."Youmustjumpatyour opportunity."

"ButhowcanItellwhenmyopportunitycomes?"

"Youcan't,"snappedthemerchant. "Youhavetokeepjumping."

* * * *

AScotappearedinanEnglishpolicecourtwithhisheadswathedin bandages.

Aman,chargedwithhittingthe Scotwithakettle,pointedtotheinjuredpartyandsaid,scornfully: "Thosebandagesareallshow.He waswalkingaboutwithoutthemye, terday."

"Isthatso?"inquiredthemagi:, trate.

"Yes,"repliedtheScot."Iwanted tokeepthemcleanforto-day."

TelephoneB4757.

Optometristand Optician

SonofLateM.P.Ryan,lateof Fremantle.

ORIENTLINEBUILDINGS. WILLIAMSTREET,PERTH.

Ayoungwoman,newlyengaged, tookherfiancetobe"inspected"bya fearsomeauntwhohadtheuncomfortablehabitofsayingexactlywhat shethought. Astheyoungcouplewereleaving, theauntsaidtoherniece,"Mydear, I'dratherhavehimforlunchthan forlife!"

* * * *

"Sheplaysafairgameofbridge, doesn'tshe?"

"Yes,quitefair,ifyouwatchher."

*

"But,madam,I'mafraidyou're makingamistake.Iamadoctor,certainly,butI'maDoctorofMusic."

knowthat,"repliedtheoldlady, "andthat'swhyIcametoyou.I've aterriblesinginginmyears."

* * * *

Thenervous-lookingmanwasapplyingforajob. thinkIshallbeabletosuitall yourrequirements,sir,"hesaid.

Themanager,afterlookingathisreferences,shookhishead.

"Iamafraidyouarewrong,"hereplied."We'rewantingasingleman."

Theapplicant'seyesnearly'popped outofhishead."But,"hegulped, "whenIappliedyesterday,yousaid youwantedamarriedman!"

"I'msorry,"saidthemanager."it musthavebeenamistake."

"Mistake!"shoutedtheapplicant. "It'sallverywelltositthereandsay it'samistake.WhatamItodo? Yousee,Iwentstraightandgotmarried!"

* * * *

Anelderlywidowerhadbeen spendingaholidaywithanoldfriend, andfoundhimselfverycharmedwith thedaughterofthehouse.

In.fact,hetookthefirstopportunitywhentheywerealoneintheparlourtopopthequestion.

"Oh,Jessie,"hesighedexplosively, "I'dgothroughanythingforyou, darling!"

Thegirleyedhisrecedinghairand obviously"store"teeth.Thenshe replied,withanairofbusiness:

"And,Mr.Macintyre,howmuch, mayIask,haveyougottogo through?"

* * * *

Intheabsence,onduty,ofherhusbandintheNavy,Mrs.Joneswas takinghertwosmallboyshometo herpeopleforaholiday.Andshe wasfindingthejourneymorethana bitofatask. Presentlyfromthecornerofthecarriagecameonceagainaplaintive voice:

"Whatwasthenameofthelast stationwestoppedat,mother?"

"Idon'tknow,"snappedMrs.Jones, "anddon'tbothermewhenI'mreading." Afterafewminutes'silencethe youngsterspokeagain:

"Well,it'sapityyoudidn'tknow thenameofthestation,becauseour Jimmygotoutthere."

* * * *

InarafflethreeIrishmenshareda ticketwhichwonthethirdprizeof £4.Asleaderoftheparty,PatMurphyreceivedthecashanddidsome thinking.

"Now,mates,-hesaid,ashebegan tocountoutthemoney,"I'mnot goingtocheatyou.Equalsharesall roundhasalwaysbeenmymotto--"

"That'sright,Pat!"exclaimedone oftheotherluckyshareholders.

"Well,then,"saidPat,"here'stwo poundsforyoutwoandtwopounds forme,too!" * *

LittleBillyhadjustbeentoldthat anangelhadbroughthimalittlesister.

"Wouldyouliketoseeher?"asked thedoctor.

"No,"saidBilly,"butI'dliketo havealookattheangel."

DEAF?

HEARCLEARLY -With-

WesternElectric AUDIPHONE

ConsultWithoutObligation. SAINKEN&SAINKEN. HAYSTREET, NextAmbassadorsTheatre.

HotelandAccommodationGuide

REDLIONINN

84ABERDEENSTREET,PERTH. A.J.HESFORD'Phone:B1056. UnderNewManagement. (lateofKoorda),Proprietor.

GAYNOR'SHISMAJESTY'SHOTEL

HAYSTREET EXCELLENTCUISINE PERTH. MODERATETARIFF.

HOTELPERTH

000FELLOWS'HOTEL SOUTHTERRACE,FREMANTLE. BESTBRANDSSTOCKED. NewlyFurnishedThroughout. ALLWELCOME. J.G.MULCAHY,Proprietor.

STAN.O'BRIEN COURTHOTEL PERTH.

Phone:B4281

HOTELBEACONSFIELD FREMANTLE. OverlookingtheOcean. SuperiorAocommodation. ModerateCharges. KBYRNE (LateofGrandandShamrock Hotels,Boulder).

SUBIACOHOTEL

FIRST-CLASSACCOMODATION 'Phone:W1028, A.IMcHENRY,Proprietor.

VICTORIAHOTEL

HAYSTREET,SUBIACO. RenovatedThroughout. EssenceofComfort. W.F.ARTIS,Proprietor. (LateofBalmoralHotel,Vic.Park) COUNTRY.

DukeofYorkHotel NARROGIN. ReconditionedandRefund/hob NewLounge,DiningRoom,and CommercialRooms. ARTHURBOYLAN,Proprietor (LateGeorgeHotel,Perth.)

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JACKEDDINGTON, Proprietor.

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GOLDFIELDS.

RodBeaton's

HANNAN'SHOTEL HANNANSTREET, KALGOORLIE.

STAR&GARTERHOTEL

Cnr.HANNANandNETHERCOTT STREETS.KALGOORLIE.

BERTSTARR Propriotor.

'Phone13. Box124.

AUSTRALIAHOTEL

KALGOORLIE

C.T.A.andR.A.C.HOUSE.

OneMinutefromSi.Mary's Church.

HotandColdWaterinHotel Bathrooms.

RefrigerationThroughout. OnlyLock-UpGaragesinthe centreofTown. M.J.DILLON,Licensee.

KeoughsforCatering

AnyNumber,Place,orTime.

ThreeReceptionRoomsforHire.

OnHireCrock,Cutleryand Glassware,etc. PhoneB1724. GLADKEOUGH, NEWCASTLESTREETPERTH.

Official

OrganoftheArchdioceseofPerth ESTABLISHED1874

"ForFreedom"

Continuedfrom

Commonwealth,drawingawaythelife bloodofprovincialtownsandrural areas.Forthemetropolis,indeprivingthesetownsofpopulation,deprivesthesurroundingfarmsofthe localmarketswhichareessentialtoa soundeconomy.And,inaddition,it isdestructiveofthoselocalindustries inwhichthechildrenoffarmersmay findemployment.

CentralisationNotInevitable.

86.Centralisationisnotinevitable. Itisonlythefruitoflongyearsof neglectofthetrueinterestsofAustraliainallowingindustriestobeconcentratedinafewgreatcities.That thiswasnotinevitable,thatitcould havebeenavoidedifGovernments hadactedinafieldinwhichthey shouldhaveacted,isprovedbythe recentreportoftheEnglishRoyal CommissionontheDistributionof IndustrialPopulation.

87.TheReportofthisCommission isamostvaluabledocument.It recommendedthataNationalIndustrialBoardshouldbeappointed"to makeresearchinto,adviseupon,and regulatethelocationofindustry."It recommendedthedivisionofthecountryintothreetypesofarea:

(a)Thoseareasinwhichnewfactoriescouldbeestablishedwithout restriction.Thesewouldbealmost entirelycountryareas.

ft))Thoseareasinwhichtheestablishmentofnewfactorieswould beprohibited.Onlyspecialexemptions,intheinterestofthenation,wouldherebegiven.

(c)Thoseareasinwhichaspecialconsentwouldhavetobe givenfortheestablishmentofnew factories.

88.ThevalueofthisReportliesin itsdeclarationthattheGovernment caneffectivelypreventthegrowthof greatcitiesandguideDecentralisationifitwishestodoso.Themachinerywhichissuggestedisworthy ofstudyforAustralia.

ElectrificationandWaterConservation.

89.Inadditiontothismachinery, thereareseveralmethodswhich, amongothers,wouldassisttheFederalGovernmentinpursuingaconstructivepolicyinthismatter.

90.Theelectrificationofcountry districtsneedstobevastlyexpanded,sothatnewfactoriesmayarisein countryareas.

91.Thespreadofelectricalpower tocountryareaswillgohandinhand withanationalplanofwaterconservation.Withbothplans,however, caremustbeexercisednottoallow thecostofthesetobecomeafinancialburdenonthefarmerorthecountrytown.Itisanerrortoextend thesefacilitiestocountryareas,and atthesametimetosnakethecostof themmorethancountrypeoplecan pay.

92.Theseservicesforthecountry arenecessaryintheinterestsofthe nationasawhole,andtheyshould notberegardedsimplyasmeasures fortheexclusivebenefitofcountry people.

93.Decentralisationcanalsobeassistedbytheestablishmentoffactoriesformanufacturingsubstitutesfrom primaryproductsincountrycentres. Itcanbeassistedbytheradicalreductioninrailfreights.

94.Thedevelopmentofsmall,ports inthedifferentStates,sothatnatural geographicalregionswould,asfar aspossible,havenaturaloutletsto thesearatherthanbedependent upononegreatport,isanothernecessarymeasuredictatedbystrategicas wellasbyothernationalconsiderations.

Page12.)

ABalancedLite.

95.Thereisonegreatdanger,however,inDecentralisationwhichmust beavertedifthetwinaimsofsocial justiceandpersonalfreedom,which areassistedbyDecentralisation,are tobeachieved.Industriesestablishedinthecountrymustneverbeallowedtobecomethecentreofnew slumareaswhichdefacethenatural beautyofthecountryside,andleave theworkersinexactlythesameconditionastheywereinbefore.

96.Tocombatthismenace,andalso topreventDecentralisationbeing usedbythemoreunscrupuloustype ofemployertobreakdownthe strengthofTradeUnionism."Justice Now!'suggestedthathomestead farmsshouldbemadeavailableto workersincountryareas.Thispolicywouldgivetothoseworkerswho desireditahomeoftheirown,ona fewacresofground,onwhichthey couldproduceatleastpartofthefoul supplyofthefamily.

97.Itisobviousthatthetakingup ofahomesteadfarmwouldbe,inall cases,avoluntarymatter.Many workerswillhaveneitherthetimenor theinclinationtoworkhomesteadsof thisnature,andcertainlynoattempt shouldbemadetomouldallworkers tothesamepattern.

98.Buttherewillbemanyworkers whowillhaveboth.Thereduction ofhoursinthefactory,whichseems anormaldevelopmentinviewofimprovedmachinery,wouldgiveanincreasingamountoftimeoutsidethe factorytotheindividualworker.

99.Theopportunityofobtaininga homesteadfarmwillenabletheworkerwhosowishes,toemployhimself creativelyonpropertywhichhecan effectivelyownandcontrol.Itwill preventtheriseofcityslumsinrural areas.Itwillgivetotheworkerthe increasedeconomicpowerwhich comesfromtheownershipofproperty, and,bymakinghimpartlyindependentoftheemployer,itwill strengthenthebondsofhisvoluntary associationinTradeUnions.

CONCLUSION.

SocialJusticecanneverbeachievedifpersonalfreedomvanishesfrom thefaceofAustralia.Thatisthe dangeragainstwhichAustralians mustguardifwearenottoloseto internalforceswhatwesavefromthe externalenemy.

Thefightforfreedomisafightfor thesmallunitagainstthelarge

"Itisaninjustice,agraveevil,and adisturbanceofright-orderfora largerandhigherorganisationtoarrogatetoitselffunctionswhichcan beperformedefficientlybysmaller andlowerbodies.Thatisafundamentalprincipleofsocialphilosophy, unshakenandunchangeable,andit retainsitsfulltruthto-day.Ofits verynaturethetrueaimofallsocial activityshouldbetohelpindividual membersofthesocialbody,butnever todestroyorabsorbthem."(Pius XI.).

ThedutyofChristiansisclear.It isnotenoughforafewtoproclaim thesedoctrineswhichalonewillsave society.Itistheimperativedutyof everyChristiantoplayhispartinthe lifeofthenation,andtoensurethat theseprinciplesbecomepractices.The freedomwhicheveryAustraliandesirescanbefoundedonlyonbeliefin GodandontheChristianFaith.

Itisincumbent,thenuponall Christians,toplaytheirpartinguidingthedestiniesoftheirnation.They mustensurethatpublicaffairsareno longeradministeredinaspiritof practicalpaganism,theresultsof whicharenowbeingwritteninletters ofbloodoverthewholeoftheearth.

CHINA,

OTLEYPLACE,OffMURRAY STREET(RearSavoyHotel) Convents,Colleges,Institutions