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ladratiauOBIii itrrtirtt. SUBIACO, SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1875.
No. 12.
PRICE 6D.
This Council lasted one month i.e., Council extended not to the canons of Mopsuesta, who was Nestorins' master, which it was discipline but only to the definitions of the writings of Theodoret against St. from the 24th Sept., on Cyril of Alexandria, and the letter of opened, to the 23rd October. There with. were 8 sessions. Translated from the Latin Document The Third (Ecumenical Council.- Ihas of Odessa to the priest Maris, a In this Council, after it was made Persian, are designates!. The Three compiled and published by Mgr Faster, Ephesus. already considered clear that the principal churches of the were Chapters See etn,y of the Vatican Council. and This Council was held at Ephesus in deserving of censure because they Catholic world were of one mind with printed by permission of the Master of 431 under Pope St. Celestine the First, favoured Nestorius, who had already the Pope in approving of the use of holy Palace.) .'acred the on account of the heresy of Nestorins, images and paying them due reverence, been condemned. THE FIRST (ECUMENICAL COUNCIL.- Bishop of Constantinople, who taught The Acts of this Council are still and after it had been shown from the NICE. in Jesus that there were two persons writings of the Holy Fathers that such extant in old Latin. This Council was held in 325 under Christ, and that the Blessed Virgin There were 165 Bishops present; but had ever been the tradition of the of or should tiot be called Theotokos, Pope Silvester the First, on account neither the Pope, although staying just Church founded upon the Sacred Scripthe Arian heresy. Its Acts are not ilother of God. then at Constantinople, nor any legates t ores, the errors of the Iconoclasts, thus There were 318 Bishops at The Acts of this Council are still appointed by him, attetided Council. refuted, were condemned, and the dogma extant.. this Council. 'I he Emperor himself', extant both in Greek and in un old Latin There were 8 conferences ( Collationes). of the Catholic faith on the point was There were 210 Bishops Constantine the Great, was also present, version. unanimously proclaimed by all the as the sessions of this Council are styled seated on a golden throne in a more present, who were most vehemently in the old record of its Acts. There were likewise They Fathers present. The number of opposed by about 30 other Bishops who humble positioe. began on the 9th of May and closed on 22 canons regarding ecclesiastical dissessious at this Council is net known. had favoured Nestorius and joined the the 2nd of June the same year. cipline drawn up and published. This Council was opened on the 1911s the schism. After a diligent inquiry had been The Eiyth (Ecumenical Council.-The Fourth the Socrates, sessions, or of June, or according to There were seven actions of Constantinople. made into the whole case, and had been Church historian ( Ilk. t, eh. 13), en the first of which took place on the continued through several sessions, this was summoned by Pope This Council the 20th May, and closed on the 25th 22nd ofJnne and the last or seventh on Council " The Three Adrain the Second. It commenced on condemned the 31st August, so that this Council Chapters." ol Agenst. It likewise published 14 the 5th of October, 869, and continued liy this Council was published the lasted 2 months and 9 days ; although dogmatic articles, in which some until the last day of Feburary, 870. well-known Nicene Creed, by which, as the bishops, on account of the absolute heresies, together with their authors, It was summoned to examine the case by a shield, the Faithful were driveled nature of the oecrees which they had were anathematized. of Photius and to determine whether spread inwidely the very through were, then the in Council, made against This Council is acknowledged as (Ecu- Photius himself, who had for some time the divinity denied a manner in who trigues of their enemies, error of Arius. menical because it afterwards received occupied the See of Constantinople, or Moreover, the forcibly detained by order of the of the son of God. the sanction of the Popes. St. lgnatus, who had been onjustly wits Easter concerning Emperor for some time afterwards. controversy turned out of that See and sent into day on This detention cawed the Bishops the The Sixth ecumenical Council.-The Third brought to a termination, i.e., the of Constantinople. exile, was the true and lawful Patriarch which the Feast should be henceforth greatest annoyance. The Acts of this This Council was held in 680 and of Constantinople. In this Council Nestorius, on account kept by all was determined. There were Pope St. Agatho on account Council are still extant in Greek. Anasal -n twenty canons published regarding of his impious heresy, was condemned 681, under the Librarian presented a Greek The Pelagians, with of the heresy of the Monothelites, who tains deposed. ecs is-iastical discipline, whirls greatly and was only one will copy of the Acts of this Council to the tended at that time by a wise naixtuse their errors, and other heretics, were asserted that there in Christ. This here-yr Pope, who commissioned him to translate of mildee-s and severity to restore to the likes ire condemned. There were also and operation under a new form, them into Latin. This Latin version is revive, to attempted ways many the so by its order forward external brought eases Church some error, which had been still extant. the Monophysite persecution, late canons a few the and decided, di-turt)est during Bishops and Besides the Pore's legates and the and to correct sine grave abuses, as well of ecclesiastical discipline promulgated already condemned. The Acts of this Council still remain, Vicars of the Patriarchal Sees, there as to avert the dangers and evil- ariing which had for object to repress the evil both in Greek and in an old Latin were 102 Bishops present at this at that time from heretics. and schis- doings et the followers of Nestorins. version. There were about 170 Bishops Council, and at some of its sessions the matics, and half-converted Gentiles. Council.(Ecumenical Fourth 1 he The Eniperor Constantine Emperor Basil. There were 10 sessions present. The Council.(Ecumenical Chulcedon The Set -aid Pogonatus also attended some of the altogether. First of Constantinople. This council was held at Chalcedon sessions. There were 18 actions or In this Council, after a careful examiThis Council was held in 381 under iii 451. It was summoned by Pope sessions, which lasted 10 months and nation of the whole case, Photius was Pope Dam,sus the First, on account of Nt. Leo the Great to oppose the heresy 10 days, from the 7th of November, solemnly deposed and formally anathethe heresy of Nlacedenius, who denied of Eutyches, Abbot at Constantinople, 680, to the 16th September, 681. matized as an illegitimate usurper of the who asserted that there was only one the divinity of the H. ly Ghost. In this Council, after a careful exami- Patriarchal See of Constantinople, Hence this heresy nation of the doctrine concerning the whilst Ignatius was acknowledged by The Acts of this Count if are not torture in Christ. extant. There woe present 151) Catholic is called the Monophysite heresy. We one or two wills in Christ as taught to all to be the true and lawful Patriarch. Ifisheps. There were likewise present still posses it) Greek and itt old Latin be of Catholic faith by former general There were likewise 27 canons drawn up 36 1;ishops ol the Macedonian sect, who the Acts of this Council. Councils and the Holy Fathers, Macs- to secure for the atirch henceforth '11sere were 630 Bishops present, and rius, Archbishop were newillieg to make the Nicene of Antioch, who as far as possible good and pernatuent profession of Faith, and therefore lett at one of its sessions, the 6th, the obstinately maintained that there was peace. The Emperor Mercian was present. There the Synth! 1)efOre its close. only one will and operation in Christ, The Ninth OEcumenical Council he First nuthl ei of sessions is not known. This were 16 sessions, and &indiums two was condemned as a heretic and deposed. of Lateran. July mail May day. The front same the were held on Council continued The authors, and other supporters of This Council was held in 1123 at of the same year, according to Socrates, Council lasted three weeks, i.e., from this heresy, even those who were dead, in the Basilica of St. John Rome, mei at Church historian (Bk. v, ch. 8), the 8th of October to the end of the were likewise condemned. And in order Lateran, from which it takes its name. its close some canons and definitions sante nimith. strictly Fathers, the error this to uproot It was summoned by Pope Callistus the were published. It; this Council. after a judicial adhering to the Constantinopulittin in order to re-establish in the It was at this Council, on account of examination of the case of Dioscorus, Nicene Creed, and to the profession of Second, Church and ill the Empireorder, then very the Macedonian error, that the Fathers the Archbishop of Alexandria and the Faith made in the Coinicil of Chalcemach disturbed by the contention about added to the Nicene Creed a tulles chief ,upporter of Enty ches, and after his don, as also to the teaching of the Investitures, and the fatal quarrels that doctrine of the Catholic as opposed faith Catholic the deposition. ex plahations Roman Pontiff, published a definition had ensued, and had degenerated into Holy of the Eutyches Nestorius and Divinity the of concerning to the errors of the true true faith on this point, and schism. Another subject of the Council Moreover, various con- as they were not published in the last Ghost, and hence from that tree it has was defined. was to secure the supplies required in " Constantieopolitae the the in Church been called troversies that had arisen (Ecumenical Council, cations regarding the Holy Land. The Acts of this Nicene Creed." were solemnly adjudged, and 30 canons ecclesiastical discipline were published Council are not extant. The Pope What the halters did at this Connell regarding ecclesiastical discipline were in this. St Leo, the successor of It. himself presided, and more than 300 follow, they themselves tells us as drawn tip. I weiity - seven of them, Agatho, confirmed this Council. Bishops were present, and a very great " lu the first place we have strengthened however, had already received the Council.-The number of Abbots. The number of The Seventh (Ecumenical the !linnet elam lard that has ever existed approbation of the Roman Pontiff. Second of Nice. its sessions is not known. From the amongst I114. We have in the next place It is worth notice that in the 5th This Council, called together in 787 records of it which remain, we gather by a few sliest defin:tious confirmed the session 23 Fathers including the Pope's First, was sum- that it lasted only 10 or 11 or at the faith' of the Fathers of Niee, and full legates and the mote distinguished of ny Pope Adrian the of the then most bitter very most 19 days, i,e., from the 18th of horror sit the perverse heresies slid the Bishops present, were appointed to moned on account and to the 28th of March, or at most to the depraved opinious that have arisen since look to the careful wording of the defini- strife that existed about the use Its 6th of April. sacred images. those Fathers sat in Conecil, we have tion of fUith that was to. be presented to veneration of In this Connell, in order to pot an by the with anathema condemned these stuns? the Coinicil, and that the definition when impious abettors are well known end to the long contest about Investiheresies and opiniohs. We have also pre-ented was unanimously received and name of Iconoclasts. The Acts of this Council are still tures, the Cuneordat of Worms, between made certain canons in order to regulat e approved of by the universal acclamapreserved in an old Lutist version of Pope Callistus the Second and the the position and reform the dicipliue of tion of the Fathers. Anastasius, Librarian of the Roman Emperor Henry the Fifth, was conthe Church." Fifth CEcunienival Council -The Church. They also exist in Greek. firmed, and from that time through 'this Council, to which the Roman The Second of Constantinople. There were 367 Bishops at this many centuries it had the effect of law, Pontiff did nut send legates, for it conThis Council was summoned by Pope Council. At the last session, during and very satisfactorily regulated the cerned the Church of the East only, is in 553 in order to bring the which before all the people was solemnly rights of the Couch and of the Vigilius (Ecumenical, all as by acknowledged The Three Chapters to a proclaimed the dogma of faith, the Emperors in that most serious business about dispute I'ope DAUM. by because it was confirmed At Photius himself declares. termination. By this title, " The Three Empress Irene was present with her son of election of Bishops and Abbots. as sus the end of the Council 22 canons were Although the confirmation of this Chapters," the writings of Theodore Constantine.
SUMMA CONCILIORUM BREVIS-
SIM A.
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