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• NUMBER: 2334*
* PERTH, WA: APRIL 14 — 20, 1983 •
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U.S. bishops' pastoral letter
A typical mushroom cloud from a nuclear test bomb
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WASHINGTON (NC) — Continued condemnation of any first use of nuclear weapons along with a subtle shift a way from support for the nuclear freeze is contained in the new third draft of the US bishops' proposed pastoral letter on war and peace. The letter goes before the 365 Catholic bishops for debate at a special meeting on May 2.
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The third draft does not call every contemplated use of a nuclear weapon immoral, but we are close to that position, said Cardinal Bernardin of Chicago who heads the drafting committee. Cardinal Bernardin said the pastoral letter is sceptical to a point bordering on disbelief regarding the controlled use of nuclear weapons. "We recognise the theoretical possibility of single isolated usage being contained," he continued, "but w e are much more impressed by the evidence suggesting even small scale use may quickly escalate to horrendous proportions. "We never say every con-
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How cartoonist MacNelly saw the letter in the Chicago Tribune
key differences between the second draft of last November and the present third draft:
Cardinal Bernadin
°Implicit support in the second draft for the nuclear freeze movement is downplayed in the third draft. Whereas the second draft urged the immediate end to further development, production and deployment of major new nuclear weapons systems, the third draft simply urges negotiations to curb such testing and deployment.
° The section condemning templated use of any all first use of nuclear weanuclear weapon would pons is amended to include ipso facto be immoral. But recognition of the role that we are close to that posi- N ATO's "flexible restion because of the severe ponse" doctrine has played risk factor involved." in deterring Soviet aggresThe committee decided to sion in western Europe. call for an immediate, But the draft also urges verifiable bilateral curb on flexible response -- the the production, deploy- policy that permits first use ment and testing of nuclear of nuclear weapons if weapons "instead of a halt" NATO forces seem in to such activities as it had danger of losing a convendone in the pastoral's pre- tional war — be replaced vious draft. quickly with an adequate Cardinal Bernardin said non-nuclear alternative. the language of the previous draft had been ° Portions of the second widely interpreted as an draft's section on deterendorsement of the nuclear rence are rewritten in response to comments by freeze movement. But he emphasised pre- several bishops that the vious drafts had not explic- section was the pastoral's itly endorsed that most crucial, and needed to be strengthened. But the movement. "The pastoral does not revised discussion leads to identify with any specific many of the same conclupolitical initiative," he sions, including a "conditional acceptance" of said. In the latest expanded deterrence as a policy for document there are several preventing nuclear war.