P1LKINGTON'S open in VICTORIA PK.! W.A.'s Suit Specialists now have two Modern Stores • 857 ALBANY HWY., VICTORIA PARK The icewcrks is opposite
• 602 HAY STREET
BY THE
The Town Hall is opposite
AUSTRALIAN WATCHING OFFICIAL
ORGAN
OF
THE
ARCHDIOCESE
No. 3079. Perth, Thursday, April 18, 1963.
OF
PERTH
4Registered at the G.P.O., Perth, or transmission by post as a Newspaper.)
"FAMED
Price 9d.
SUITS"
FOR
Pope's Statement In Encyclical To All Men: Peace Is Problem 01 Morals Not Power
it is not always tice requires nations to proPeace is a problem of morals not power, His Holiness Pope John pdesirable, ossible that the geographimote the "human developcal frontiers of a nation ment of minorities through ...oincide with ethnic froneffective means which favXXIII said in his newest Encyclical, urging "all men of good will" ftiers. But he added: our their language, their culture, their customs and "It must rather be stated than love strive most on fear. for a peace based on to theit economic vesowces explicitly that an action Pacem in Terris is the encyclical addressed first not only to Catholics but also to all men of good will. The closely reasoned 11,000-word papal letter calls for elimination of racism, of ethnic encouragement minorities and voluntary establishment of a world authority capable of dealing -with problems of the universal common good on a worldwide scale. The opening sentence sets the tone of the document: ' Peace on earth, which men of every era have most eagerly yearned for, can be fimly established only if the order laid down by God be dutifully observed." The encyclical's five main parts deal with: • Order between men; • Relations between individuals and public authorities in a single state; • Relations among states; • Relations of human beings and of political cornmuities with the world cornunity, • Pastoral exhortations. The encyclical's preamble contrasts the marvellous order of the universe with the disorder existing among men. This, the Pope noted Points up the error made by many who think "that relationships between men and states can be governed by the same laws as those governing the forces and irrational elements of the universe." On the contrary, the Pope said, the laws governing men are quite different from those governing brute nature and are to be found where the Father of all things wrote them; that is in the nature of man. Since the problem of peace is rooted in man's nature, it is fitting that his words should be addressed to all men and not to Catholics alone, the Pope said.
Basic Rights
The basic principle of the encyclical, as outlined in the first part, is that every human being is a person with rights and duties. Society can be considered to be founded on truth when t he rights and duties of each subject to each othei subject are sincerely recognised, it s tates. Justice rules that society when it provides for e ffectual respect of those rights and loyal fulfillment of the corresponding duties. Charity must enter to complete and vivify society and to insure mutual co0Peration based on the essential social nature of human beings, the encyclical states. Moreover, this society must be based on freedom Which respects the dignity Of man when he takes on r esponsibility for his own actions. These qualities — truth, Justified, charity and free-
dom — pertain to the moral order, the Pope said, and therefore such an order has as its objective foundation the one true God. The Pope said three characteristics of modern society give him hope for a society permoted by these principles. He listed these as the progress made by the working classes, the participation of women in public life and the widely held conviction of the equal natural dignity of all men.
•
their natural dignity. Consequently, neither are there political communities which by nature are superior or political communities which by nature are inferior. All political communities are equal in their natural dig-
nity since they are bodies whose limbs are formed by human beings themselves."
Between States Touching on justice in relations states, between the Pope said that, although
directed toward constraining or suffocating the vital flow of minorities is a grave violation of justice and it is all the more so when it is performed with the aim of eliminating them." Rather, the Pope said, jos-
Turning to relations between men and the civil state, the Pope said that the purpose of public authorities is to promote the common good. This consists ?oncretely in assuring the respect, acknowledgement., co-ordination, efficaciousness and protection of the rights of the human person as well as in promoting them, the Pontiff said. ut he stated that a careful balance must be observed to avoid a situation where "certain individuals or social groups derive special advantage from the fact that their rights have received preferential protection" or that "governments in seeking to protect these rights, become obstacles to their full expression and free use."
•
"There are no human beings who by nature are superior or inferior, but all human beings are equal in
Zappia
Dominic
s tands
behind
sev-
eral of the life-sized figures in wood portraying the Last Supper that
took
him
f our years
to
com-
plete in Kansas City. The
All this, the Pope says, makes .it necessary that those entrusted with publi? authority be persons of high moral conscience and that "in keeping with their dignity as persons, human beings should take an active part in government." Applying the moral law to relations between states, the Pope said that such relations must be harmonised in truth and justice, in working solidarity and freedom.
Racism
At the same time, the Pope warned ethnic groups not to place too high a value on their state "to the extent of placing it above human v alues." Continued PAGE FOUR
Last Supper In Wood
Men And State
Truth requires, in relations between states, the elimination "of every trace of racism." This recognises the "principle that all political communities are equal In natural dignity." Noting that human beings are essentially equal despite differences in knowledge, v irtue, riches or genius, the Pope said: "Political communities can differ among themselves in their level of culture, civilisation or economic development. "But this can never jusfact that some tify the states should make their superiority prevail unfairly over others. It can constitute instead a reason for them to feel more committed to the task of general improvement.
and undertakings."
figure
at
the and
r ight
is
Jesus
t he
one
at
left is
Judas, holding a bag of silver.
The entire
panel shows the 12 apostles, each weighing 200 pounds. Zappia's may be the first life-sized
sculpture
in wood on the subject.
Big Scholarship Offer Will Honour Famed Doctor, Good Catholic •
lic candidate who, after graduating with distinction, shall in the opinion of the Committee—
A scholarship worth £1,500 a year is to be a warded to a Catholic graduate of outstanding character and ability to enable him to pursue advanced studies abroad. The scholarship wil; be of two years duration. Details of the scholarship released by the Chief Executive Officer of the Knights of the Southern Cross indicate that this scholarship is the biggest yet to be provided from any source inside Australia. It is named after the late
Dr. Horace Nowland, K.C.S.S., and will be called the Dr. Horace Nowland Travelling Scholarship. Details of the scholarship are as follows: (I) The Dr. Horace Nowland Travelling Scholarship shall be awarded to a Catho-
• Possess the qualities of character and general ability which would justify the hope of his becoming competent to serve Australia in some phase of public life, such as politics, journalism or an academic career; 4* Give evidence of real capacity for successful research;
Committee has power to decline an award_ in any particular year. (2) The Committee shall give preference to applicants—
• Who intend afterwards to pursue a career in Australia;
• Who are graduates of an Australian University. ( 3) The Amount of the award to be allotted shall be 5:1,500 per annum.
• Satisfy the Committee that his financial position warrants a grant from the Fund to enable him to pursue postgraduate studies at Universities abroad.
( 4) The duration of the Scholarship shall be two years. Travelling expenses are not separately provided. The selected candidate may apply for a free passage through the Vice-Chancellor of his University.
Provided always that the
Continued RACK PAGE