The Record Newspaper 31 July 1941

PiusXIICommemoratestheSocialEncyclical

youhearthevoiceofyourcommon Fathertocallyoutogether,soto speak,inaworld-wideCatholicmeetingsothatyoumayexperienceandenjoyinthebondofpeacethat"one heart"and"onesoul"(Acts4,32) whichheldtogether,undertheimpulseoftheHolySpirit,thefaithfulof JerusalemonPentecostDay.

highermoderatingsocialauthorityhas theimportantdutyofforestallingthe dislocationsofeconomicbalancearisingfrompluralityanddivergenceof clashinginterests,individualandcollective.

breathoftheSpirit,whichthroughit inever-growingmeasurefromthat timeonhasblownonallmankind,that WeonthisfeastofPentecosthave decidedtoaddressyou.

THEfeastofPentecost,thatgloriousbirthdayoftheChurchof Christ,saidhisHoliness,isto Ourmind,dearchildrenofthewhole world,awelcomeandauspiciousoccasion,andonefullofhighimport,on whichtoaddresstoyou,inthemidst ofthedifficultiesandstrifeofthepre- senthour,amessageoflove,encouragementandcomfort,Wespeakto youatamomentwheneveryenergy andforce,physicalandintellectual,of anever-increasingsectionofmankind isbeingstrainedtoadegreeandintensityneverbeforeknownbeneaththe iron,inexorablelawofwar,andwhen fromotherradioaerialsaregoing wordsfullofpassion,bitterness,divisionandstrife.

ButtheaerialsoftheVaticanhill,of grounddedicatedtobetheuncontaminatedsourceoftheGoodTidingsand oftheirbeneficentdiffusionthroughout theworld,fromtheplaceofmartyr- domandthetombofthefirstPeter, cantransmitonlywordsanimated withthe.consolingspiritofthatpreach- ingInw-.valeliahonthefirstPentecost Day, itcamefromthelipsofSt. Peter,erusalemresoundedandwas stirred.Itisaspiritofburning,apos- toliclove;aspiritwhichisconscious ofnomorevividdesire,orholierjoy,thanthatofbringingall,friendsand enemies,totheFeetoftheCrucified OneofCalvary,totheTombofthe glorifiedSonofGodandRedeemerof thehumanrace,'toconvinceallthat onlyinHimandinthetruthtaught byHimandinthelovewhichHe,doinggoodtoallandhealingall,taught byHisexample,eventosacrificing Himselfforthelifeoftheworld,can therebefoundtruesalvationandlastinghappinessforindividualsandfor peoples.

"OneHeart"and"OneSoul."

InthishourpregnantwitheventsthatareknownonlytotheDivine CounselswhichrulethestoryofnationsandwatchovertheChurch,itis forUs,belovedchildren,asourceof sincerejoyandgratificationinletting

Asthecircumstancescreatedbythe warmakedirectcontactbetweenthe SenremePastor,andhisflockinmany casesdifficult,Wegreetwithallthe moregratitudethismostexpedite bridgewhichtheinventivegeniusof ouragethrowsacrosstheetherina flashtouniteacrossmountains,seas andcontinentseverycornerofthe earth.

Andthuswhatformanyisaweapon ofwarbecomesforUsaheaven-sent meansofpatient,peacefulapostolate whichrealisesandgivesnewsignificancetothewordsofHolyScripture: "Theirsoundhathgoneforthuntothe earth;andtheirwordsuntotheends oftheworld."(Psalms18,5;Romans 10.181.Thusdoe,itseemasifwere renewedthemiracleofPentecost,whenthedifferentpeopleswhohad assembledinJerusalemfromregions speakingvariouslanguagesheardthe voicesofPeterandtheApostlesin theirowntongue.WithgenuinedelightWeto-daymakeuseofsowon derfulaninstrumentinordertocall totheattentionoftheCatholicworld amemoryworthyofbeingwrittenin lettersofgoldonthecalendarofthe Church:thefiftiethanniversaryofthe publicationonMay15,1891,ofthe epoch-makingsocialEncyclicalofLeo XIII,the"RerumNovarum."

RightandDutyoftheChurch, Itwasintheprofoundconviction thattheChurchhasnotonlytheright buteventhedutytomakeanauthoritativepronouncementonsocialques- tionsthatLeoXIII,addressedhis messagetotheworld.Hehadnointentionoflayingdownguidingprinciplesofthepurelypractical,wemight saytechnical,sideofthesocialstructure;forhewaswellawareofthefact -asOurimmediatepredecessorof saintlymemory,PiusXI,pointedout tenyearsagoinhiscommemorative Encyclical,"QuadragesimoAnno"thattheChurchdoesnotclaimsucha mission.Inthegeneralframeworkof labourtostimulatethesaneandre sponsibledevelopmentofalltheenergies,physicalandspiritual,ofindividualsandtheirfreeorganisation,there opensupawidefieldofactionwhere thepublicauthoritycomesinwithits integratingandco-ordinatingactivity, exercisedfirstthroughthelocaland professionalcorporationsandfinallyin theactivityoftheStateitself,whose

Itis,ontheotherhand,theindisputablecompetenceoftheChurch,on thatsideofthesocialorderwhereit meetsandentersintocontactwiththe moralorder,todecidewhetherthe basesofagivensocialsystemarein accordwiththeunchangeableorder whichGod.OurCreatorandRedeemer,hasshownusthroughthenatural lawandrevelation,thattwofoldmanifestationtowhichLeoXIIIappeals inhisEncyclical,andwithreason:For thedictatesofthenaturallawandthe truthsofrevelationspringforthina differentmannerliketwostreamsof waterthatdonotflowagainstoneanother,buttogetherfromthesameDivineSource.

ChurchMustFormConsciences.

AndtheChurch,guardianofthe supernatural,Christianorderinwhich natureandgraceconverge,mustform theconsciencesevenofthosewhoare calledupontofindsolutionsforthe problemsandthedutiesimposedby sociallife.

whetherFromtheformgiventosociety, conformingornottothe DivineLaw,dependsandemergesthe goodorillofsouls;depends,thatis, thedecisionwhethermen,allcalled toberevivedbythegraceofChrist, doactually,inthedetailedcourseof theirlife,breathethehealthy,vivifyingatmosphereoftruthandmoral virtueorthedisease-ladenandoften fatalairoferrorandcorruption. Beforesuchathoughtandsuchan anticipationhowcouldtheChurch, lovingMotherthatsheis,solicitousfor thewelfareofherchildren,remainan indifferentonlookerintheirdanger; remainsilentorfeignnottoseeor takecognisanceofsocialconditions which.whetheronewillsitornot, makedifficultorpracticallyimpossible aChristianlifeinconformitywiththe preceptsoftheDivineLawgiven?

GratitudetoPopeLeoXIII.

If,belovedchildren,youaskUstoday,afterfiftyyearsfromthedateof publicationoftheEncyclicals,towhat extenttheefficacyofhismessagecorrespondstoitsnobleintentions,toits thoughtsofulloftruth,tothebeneficentdirectionsunderstoodandsug- gestedbyitswiseauthor,Wefeelthat Wemustanswerthus:Itisprecisely torendertoAlmightyGodfromthe bottomofOurheartOurhumble thanksforthegiftwhichfiftyyears agoHebestowedontheChurchin thatEncyclicalofHisVicaronEartn, andtopraiseHimforthelife-giving

Ourpredecessor,PiusXI,hasalreadyexalted,inthefirstpartofhis commemorativeEncyclical,thesplen- didcropofgoodtowhichthe"Rerum Novarum,"likeafertilesowing,had givenrise.Fromitsprangfortha Catholicsocialteachingwhichgaveto thechildrenoftheChurch,priestsand laymen,anorientationandmethodfor socialreconstructionwhichwasoverflowingwithgoodeffects.

Forthroughittherearoseinthe Catholicfieldnumerousanddiverse beneficentinstitutionsthatwere flourishingcentresofreciprocalhelp forthemselvesandothers,Whatan amountofwell-being,materialand naturalprofithascometotheworkersandtheirfamiliesfromtheCatholicunions!Howefficaciousandsuitedtotheneedhasbeenthehelpaffordedbythesyndicatesandassociationsinfavouroftheagriculturaland middleclass.torelievetheirwants, defendthemfrominjustice,andin thisway,bysoothingpassion,tosave socialpeacefromdisorder!

ExpandingInfluenceofEncyclical.

Norwasthisthewholebenefitof theEncyclical"RerumNovarum." Comingdowntothepeopleandgreet- ingthemwithesteemandlove,it wentdeepintotheheartsandesteem oftheworkingclassandinspiredit withasenseofChristiansentiment andcivildignity.Indwd,itspower- fulinfluencecamewiththepassageoftheyearstoexpandandspreadtosuch anextentthatitsnormsbecamealmostthecommonpropertyofallmen.

AndwhiletheStateinthenineteenth century,throughexcessiveexaltation ofliberty,consideredasitsexclusive scopethesafeguardingoflibertyby thelaw,LeoXIIIadmonisheditthat ithadalsothedutytointerestitself insocia.welfare,takingcareofthe entirepeopleandofallitsmembers, especiallytheweakandthedispossess- ed,throughageneroussocialpro- grammeandthecreationofalabour

(ContinuedonPage5.)

IfIamaskedhowChristianity istobebroughttothemasses. Ireply,"Showthemhowthey canbesavedbyit inthis world,thenperhapstheywill believeyouaboutthenext;but untilyoudo,theyneverwill."

-ThelatefamedBritishMonsignorWilliamFrancisBarry, asiogtedbyAmericannewsazine,"Time."

WHYTHEKOOKABURRA Laughs

Twofarmersdecidedonatripto town.Afteraroundofsightseeng theyenteredanhotel.

"We'dliketostayhereforthenight," saidtheelder.

"Certainly,"saidtheclerk."Would youlikearoomwithabath?"

Theelderfarmerhesitated.

"Goun,Oliver,"urgedhisfriend, "beasport.Weonlyliveonce."

TheleaderoftheAuxiliaryFire Servicecalledatthehouseacrossthe way.

"Pardonme,butareyouthelady whowassinging?"

"Yes,Iwassinging,Why?"

"Well,layoffthetopnotes,please. We'vehadthebloomingfireengine outtwice!"

* * * *

"Thepersonwhotellsofourfaults isourbestfriend."

"You'reright,Buthewon'tbe long." * * *

"MywifeandIhaveajointbank account."

"Howdoesitworkout?"

"Fifty-fifty;Iputthemoneyinand shedrawsitout."

Grandpawashavinghisafter-lunch sleepinthearmchair,andemitting soundsthatmighteasilyhavecome fromacross-cutsaw.Asfatherenteredtheroom,hesawlittleBilly twistingoneofgrandpa'swaistcoat buttons.

"Whatareyoudoing?"hewhispered. "Youmustn'tdisturbgrandpa,Billy."

"I'mnotdisturbinghim,daddy,"explainedthechild."Iwasjusttrying totunehiminonanotherstation."

* * * *

"SoMarytookthericholdmanfor betterorworse?"

"No,shetookhimforworse,buthe gotbetter!" * * *

She:"Joanissurelynotgoingto marrythatlivingskeletonofaman. He'snothingbutskinandbones."

He:"Thenhe'llmakeneramuting goodhusband.-

* * * *

Saidtheinsuranceagenttothenewly-wedAngus,"nowthatyou'remarriedI'msureyou'llwanttoinsureyour life-"

"Awa'wi'ye!"saidAngus."She's no'thatdangerous!"

* * *

Whilstoutforastrollwithhiswife Sandymetaworkmateofhis,andintroducedhimtohisbetter-half.The nextday,atwork,hiscolleaguecongratulatedSandyonhischoiceofa spouse.

"Shesaverysweet.even-tempered woman,Sandy,"saidtheman."You're aluckyfellow Sandyshrugged,andgrimaced.

"Maybe."hegrunted,"butshe's awfullytrying!"

"Icanhardlybelieveit!"exclaimed theother,surprised. 'glutsheis,"wentonSandy,grimly. "Why,mon,it'stwodaysoffherbirthday,an'shewon'tgivemeachance toquarrelwi'her!"

Policeman(toinebriateat3a.m.): "Wheredoyouthinkyou'regoingat thistimeofthemorning?"

Drunkenone(staggeringhome):"Believeishornot,constable,butI'mgoing toabiglecture."

*

* * *

Aclergymanmetoneofhisparishionersinthelane,andsaid:"Oh,Mrs. Roberts,Iwasextremelysorrytosee yourhusbandleavingchurchinthe middleofthesermonlastSunday,I trusttherewasnothingseriouslywrong withhim."

"Oh,no,sir,"repliedthelady,"itwas nothingveryserious,butyousee,sir, thepoormanhasaterriblehabitof walkinginhissleep!"

"IwonderifHowardwillloveme whenI'mold?"

"You'llknowprettysoonnow,dear."

Actor:"Ihaveworkedallmylife, andwherearethefruitsofmylabour?"

Galleryite,,nrowinganover-ripe tomato):"Comingrightover!"

Thetall.long-hairedyouthentered themusicpublisher'sofficecarrying underhisarmasmallrollofpaper.

"Goodafternoon!"saidthepublisher. "WhatcanIdoforyou?"

Theyouthlookednervous.

"Well-er-Ihaveasonghere,"he began,"andIwaswonderingifyou wouldpublishit.Er-shallIsingit?"

"Oh,yes,let'shearit!"saidthepublisher;andtheyouthstoodupand burstforth.

Whenthesongwasfinishedthepublishersatverystillandsaidnothing.

"Well,"askedtheyoungman,"what doIgetforit?"

"Oh,"repliedthepublisher,withan airofresignation,"I'mapublisher,not amagistrate!"

Ginks:"Everynighthecomesinto thepub,neverbuysadrinkallthe week-nothingbutpickledonions. Threepenn'orthatatime."

Binks:"What'stheidea?"

Ginks:"Moreroomintheshelter thatway!"

* * * * "Yes,"saidHenryHubble,"thatdoctorintheair-raidsheltermeantwell. Heseztoone,'Putoutyourcigarette'; toanother,'Putoutyourpipe';toanother,'Putoutyourtorch';toanother. Putoutyourdog';andafterabithe seztomymissue,hesez,'Putoutyour tongue.'"

* * * *

Jones:"Sothatrichuncleofyoursis dead.I'llbetheleftyousomething," Bones:"Hecertainlydid-Heleft mepenniless."

* * Gent:"Haveyouseenmywaistcoat, Stevens?"

Valet:"Youhaveiton,sir."

Gent:"SoIhave!It'sa thingyoutoldmeorIshould goneawaywithoutit!"

good have

*

AbombfellinanEastEndcemeteryanddislodgedaskeleton,whowas caughtbyapolicemanwalkingaway withhistombstoneunderhisarm.

"Hey,what'sthatfor?"saidthepoliceman.

"Identity-card,mate,"saidtheskleton,

Susie,whowasanincorribibleflirt, enteredapalmist'stenttogleanher future.

"Isee,"saidthepalmist,"thatyou willbecomeattachedtoamaninuniform,but,alas,hewillthrowyou over."

"Howromantic!"shesaidquiteunabashed."Whatkindofaman?"

"Anairman,"wasthebriefreply.

*

"DearSue,"hewhispered,"doyou thinkifImarriedyouyourfather wouldeverforgiveus?"

"I'msurehewould,dear,"sheasserted,softly.

"Andwouldhegiveusahouseof ourown?"

Iknowhewould,dearest."

"Andwouldhegiveusenoughto livesumptuouslyon?"

"Iamsureofit,Harry."

"Andwouldhetakemeintothe firm?"

"Certainlyhewould."

"Andletmerunthebusinesstosuit myself?"

"Ofcoursehewould,darling." Shesnuggledtohisbosom,buthe putherasidecoldly."Icannever marryyou."hesaid,hoarsely,"Your fatheristooeagertogetyouoffhis hands."

Itwasafilthyday.Therecruits weredumb,PrivateSmiththedumbestofthemall.

Thesergeantstrodeuptohim:

"Whatwasyourjobincivillife?"he barked.

"Bankclerk,"repliedSmith.

"Isuppose,"sneeredthesergeant, "youdustedthedesksandwashed outtheinkwells,andmadenicecups ofteaforthemanager?"

"Oh,no,"repliedSmith,"Wekept anoldsergeantforthosejobs."

* * * *

"Mydoctor'sorderedmetogiveup drinkingforlife."

`That'stough.Still,cheerup;perhapsyouwon'tlivelong."

AnoldladylivinginthecountryhadasonintheNavy.Ononeofher rarevisitstoaneighbouringtownshe sawasailor,Tremblingwithexcitementsheaskedhimifheknewherboy. Shetoldhimhisname.

"Well,whatshipishein?"askedthe sailor.

"Whatship?"exclaimedtheold lady."Aretheretwo?"

"Dotellmesomethingaboutthe play,"shesaidtotheyoungman. "Theysaidtheclimaxwassuperb."

"Yes,Iaminclinedtothinkitwas verygood,"saidJoe.

"Can'tyoudescribeittome?"she asked.

"Welltheheroinecamestealthilyon thestageandknelt,daggerinhand, behindaclumpofribbons.Thehero emergedfromalargebunchofflowers, andassoonassheperceivedhim,she felluponhim,stabbedhimandsank halfconsciousintoaveryhandsome aigrette.Thismaysoundqueer,but

thewomaninfrontofmewouldn'tremoveherhat.andthat'showitlooked tome."

* * * *

"IbelievethereisaspecialProvidencewhichprotectsbricklayers'labourers.Doyouknowthatonlyyesterdayoneslipedoffaforty-footladderandwasnothurtintheslightest degree?"

"Thatsoundsalmostmiraculous."

"Oh,no-therewasnothingmarvellousaboutit;heslippedoffthebottom rung!"

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"Itis,indeed,"repliedthemanof business,"andI'vewastedlotsofit."

"Byindulginginfoolishpleasures,I suppose,"saidthegoodman.

"No,"repliedtheother;"Ilostitby beingpunctualinkeepingmyappointmentswithothers,"

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TheNazisdideverythingintheir powertosuppressthepublicationof thisEncyclicalinGermany.Apparentlytheyrealiseditssignificance.

* * TOTHERULERSOFINVADED COUNTRIES.

CatholicTeachingonWar

"Layman,"NeutralBay,N.S.W.

Iwanttoknowtheteachingofthe CatholicChurchonthispresentwar,

Inreality,youareaskingtwoques-tions:(a)Whatistheteachingofthe CatholicChurchonwar;(b)Whatis theauthenticapplicationofthatteachingtothepresentwar.Letustake eachquestioninturn.

WhatistheteachingoftheCatholic Churchonwar?

AccordingtoCatholicteaching,war isnotnecessarilyorintrinsicallywrong. Therecanbejustsuchathingasa justwar.

AdefensivewarhasneverpresentedanyrealproblemaccordingtoCatholicstandards.Forthenation,as wellastheindividual,hastherightto useforceinself-defenceagainstanunjustaggressor.

Hencetheproblemofthemorality ofwararisesonlywhenitisamatter ofaggressivewar,namely,awardeliberatelybegunandcarriedoutby onenationinordertoimposeitswill uponanotherbyforce.

InCatholicteaching,anaggressive warismorallyjustifiedonlywhenthe following'conditionsarefulfilled:-

(a)Thatthenationagainstwhich wariswagcdhasbeenguiltyofaseriousviolagnofadefiniteandfundamentaliqht;(b)thatallattemptsto settlethedisputebypeacefulmethods havefailed;(c)thattherighttobe vindicatedisofsuchfundamentaland vitalimportancethatthesecuringofit willmorethancompensateforthe miseryandbloodshedcausedbywar.

Infurtherexplanationofthelast pointitistobeobservedthat,because oftheenormousscaleandhorrorof modernwarfaretheonlycausewhich wouldjustifyanaggressivewarin moderntimesisthecauseofcivilisationitself.

Ifanyoneoftheforegoingconditionsisnotfulfilled,anaggressivewar wouldbemorallywrong.

Furthermore,evenwhenalltheconditionsabove-mentionedarefulfilled, andanaggressivewarismorallyjustified,themeansusedintheconductof warmustbelegitimateinthemselves.

Awar,however,justdoesnotjustify theuseofimmoralmeans.Hencethe indiscriminatekillingofcivilianswould bemorallywrong,whateverthejusticeofthecauseforwhichwarisbeing waged.

SomuchfortheCatholicteachingon themoralityofwar,Letusnow cometotheauthenticapplicationof thatteachingtothepresentconflict.

* * * *

HOWAPPLIEDTOTHISWAR?

Whatistheauthenticapplicationof Catholicteachingtothepresentwar?

I3eforecomingtotheanswertothat question,itwouldbewelltoexplain clearlyhowtheauthenticattitudeof theChurchistobedetermined.

IntIr4,firat-place,itwouldbe'utile toexiselh-,ianinfallibledefinitioneiter bythePopeinpersonorbyanEcumenicalCouncilpresidedoverbythe Pope.Themanwhoasksforsuch adefinitionhasaveryhazyideaof theprerogativeofinfallibility,and knowsnotwhatheasks.

Secondly,onlypersonswhoareout oftouchwithrealitieswouldexpect thePopetoexcommunicatetheleadersofoneorotherside,andabsolve theirsubjectsfromtheirdutyofallegiancetosuchleaders.Suchaprocedurewaseffectiveunderaunited Christendom,beforetheReformation dividedEuropeculturallyandspiritually,andbeforethegodlessLiberalism,whichsweptoverEuropeduring thepasthundredyears,destroyedto sogreatanextenttheinfluenceofthe Churchinsocialandnationallife.

WerethePope,inthepresentcircumstances,toexcommunicatefaithlessCatholicsamongsttheleadersof thebelligerents,hewoulddomore harmthangood,.Manywouldfollow theirleadersratherthantheChurch; wouldlosetheirFaithandprobably theirsouls;whilemanyofthepeople whoarenowmostanxioustoseea PapalexcommunicationofHitleror Mussoliniwouldthenbethefirst congratulatethemontheiropposition tothearrogantandinterferingPope.

Thepossessionofarightisone thing;theprudentexerciseofthat rightintheinterestsofsoulsisquite another. * * * *

WHATISTOBEEXPECTED.

Intheabsenceofinfallibledecrees andsolemnsentencesofexcommunication,theattitudeoftheChurchasa

wholecanbeascertainedfromtheofficialandsemi-officialpronouncements ofthePope;bothinwhatisdirectly stated,andwhatisimplied.Such pronouncementsdonotpossessthe sameauthorityasaninfallibledecree ordefinition.Nevertheless,theyconstituteanauthenticindicationofthe mindoftheChurch.

Secondly,theattitudeoftheChurch canhejudgedfromtheutterancesof CatholicBishops,speakingwiththe knowledgeandapprovaloftheHoly See;as,forinstance,theutterancesof CardinalHinsleyinEngland,andof CardinalFaulhaberinGermany.

Finally,thewritingsofeminentCatholictheologians,moralists,historians -ofmenwhoarethoroughlyversed bothintheteachingoftheChurch andinthefactsofthecasetobe judged-areausefulguideinestimatingthemindoftheChurch,Their opinionsareparticularlyvaluablewhen theyareinunanimousagreementconcerningthemainpointsatissue.

Tocomenowtotheanswertothe question:whatistheauthenticapplicationofCatholicteachingtothepresentconflict?

Hitler'sattackonPolandwhichprecipitatedthewarwasanactofunjust agression,becauseitfulfillednoneof theconditionsunderwhichCatholic teachingregardsanaggressivewaras morallyjustified.Ontheotherhand, Polandwasfullyjustifiedinresisting Naziaggression.

TheEmpirewasmorallyjustifiedin goingtotheassistanceofPoland.For whatanationcandoindefenceofits ownrights,itcandoalsoindefence oftherightsofanothernation.The sameappliestotheotherinvaded countries.

WHOISRIGHTANDWHOIS WRONG?

Iwouldverymuchliketoknowwhois right,andwhy?Andwhoiswrong, andwhy?

Ifyouexpectmetoquotesomeinfallibledefinitioninanswertoyour question,youaregoingtobedisappointed,Inthiscase,yourexpecta tationswouldbequiteunreasonable, andwouldbetrayamisunderstanding, bothoftheprerogativeofinfallibility itself,andofitsexercisethroughout history.

Ifontheotherhand,youarecontentwiththemeansalreadyexplained ofascertainingtheauthenticCatholic attitudeonthematter,theanswerto yourqueryhasalreadybeengivenin replytoyourpreviousquestion.

Iamnotconcernedwithyourprivate opinionastothejusticeofthiswar Iknowthatalreadyfromyouranswerstoenquirers.

Hadyoustudiedthoseanswersalittlemoreclosely,youwouldhavediscoveredthatIexpressednotmerely myprivateopinion-whichdoesn't mattermuch,anyhow-buttheofficial andsemi-officialutterancesoftheHoly See,andtheutterancesoftheCatholicBishopswhoare,invirtueofthe officetheyhold,thequalifiedandofficialexponentsofCatholicteaching anditsapplication,subjecttotheauthorityofthePope.

* *

THEAUSTRALIANHIERARCHY.

NordoIdesiretoknowtheattitude cftheAustralianCatholicHierarchy. Ihaveseenexamplesofpatriotic zealfulminatedbyBishopsand priestsandwhichhavebeenseton byunwarybigotsasinstancesofrecruitingjingoism.

ThatCommunistsandotherunreasonablebigotshavecondemnedthe attitudeoftheAustralianCatholic Hierarchyas"recruitingjingoism"is true.Otherbigotshaveaccusedthe AustralianBishopsandpriestsofthe oppositecrimeofdisloyalty.

Thatthereisnotawordoftruth intheaccusations,orthattheyare mutuallycontradictorydoesnotseem tomatter.Theymustbemadeat whateverexpensetotruthorcommon senseorjustice.Anyaccusationwill doaslongasitisdirectedagainstthe CatholicChurch.Anystickwilldo whenitisaquestionofbeatingthe Romandog.Anymudisgood enoughaslongassomeofitwillstick.

SuchbigotswouldsneeratCatholics whatevertheydo,Sowhybother aboutthem?

ButIthinkyou(andanysensible, fair-mindedperson)willagreethatthe attitudeoftheCatholicBishopsof Australiatothepresentwarisnot

simplythefruitof"recruitingjingoism," buttheresultofanobjectiveandcarefullyreasonedapplicationofCatholic prirkiplestoalltheavailablefactsof thecase.

Subjectonlytothejudgmentofthe HolySee,theirattitudeistobeacceptedasauthoritative.AndnoCatholicwhowishestoknowtheattitudeoftheCatholicChurchtothe presentwarcanrightfullyorreasonablydismisstheirpronouncementsas beingpartisanorunimportant.

WHATTHEPOPEHASSAID.

Sincetheoutbreakofwar,hasthe Popeever,insimplelanguage,per Encyclical,audience,orhisofficial paper,declaredtheNaziwaraims mortallysinful?

Aswassaidinanswertoaprevious question,theattitudeofthePopeisto bejudgednotonlyfromhisexplicit statements,butfromthecircumstancesandimplicationsofthosestatements.Itistobenoted,moreover, thatthe"OsservatoreRomano"isnot thePope's"official"paper.Withthe Vaticanradioitisregardedashaving semi-officialstatus.

LetusnowexaminesomeoftheutterancesofPopePiusXIIwithreferencetothepresentconflict,

(1)OnJanuary11,1940,theVatican RadioreportedthatthePopehadbeen profoundlypainedatthemartyrdom inflictedbytheNazisonPoland,"on whoseinevitableresurrectionhe(the Pope)continuestocountwithsuch confidence."

(2)InhisfirstEncyclicalLetter, "SummiPontificatus,"publishedon October20,1939,thePopewrote: "Thepeopleswhichhavebeenplungedintowarareexperiencingasyet perhapsonly'thebeginningofsorrows: Butalreadydeath,devastation, mourning,calamity.haveovertaken countlessfamilies.Thebloodofso manywhohavebeencruellyslaughter. ed,thoughtheyborenomilitary rank,criestoheaven,especiallyfrom thewell-lovedcountryofPoland.Poland,imperishablycrownedinthe pagesofhistorybythelongrecordof herloyaltytotheChurchandherservicestoChristiancivilisation,should claimfromalleyesabrotherly,ahumantear.Sheputshertrustinthat VirginMotherofGodwhoisthehelp ofChristians,andwaitsfortheday whenpeaceandjusticewillberestored, thedaywhenshewillbeallowedat lasttoemerge,unharmed,fromthe wavesthathaveengulfedher."

(3)Followingupontheinvasionby theNazisofBelgium,Holland,Luxemburg,thePopepromptlysentthefollowingmessagestoKingLeopoldof Belgium:"Whenforthesecondtimeagainst theirwillandrights,theBelgianpeople seesitsterritoryexposedtothecrueltiesofWar,WesendYourMajesty andallyourbelovednationtheassuranceofOurpaternalaffection.PrayingAlmightyGodthatthishardtrial resultsinthere-establishmentofthe fulllibertyandindependenceofBelgium,Weaccordwithallourheart toYourMajestyandtoyourpeople OurApostolicBenediction."

(4)ToQueenWilhelmina,theHoly Fatherwrote:"Welearnwithgreat emotionthatYourMajesty'seffortsfor peacehavenotbeenabletopreserve yournoblepeoplefrombecoming againsttheirwillandrights,thetheatreofwar.WepraytoGod.the SupremeArbiterofthedestiniesof nations,tohastenwithHisAlmighty help,there-establishmentofjustice andliberty."

TotheGrandDuchessofLuxemburg thePopesentthefollowingmessage:

DEAF?

HEARCLEARLY -WithWesternElectric AUDIPHONE

ConsultWithoutObligation. SAINKEN&SAINKEN. HAYSTREET, NextAmbassadorsTheatre.

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HaveyouinvestigatedourHomeBuilding Plan?Ifyouownablockyoumayhave amodernhomeerectedwithoutdeposit,to bepaidoffineasyweeklypayments.Or wewillsupplythelandandthehomecompletefromi50deposit.ModernBrick Homespaidrightoffin15yearsunderour plan.Nofees.PlansandSpecifications Free.Callandchatthematterover-no obligationincurredwhatever.

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'Inthissadmomentinwhichthe peopleofLuxemburg,despitetheir loveofpeace,findthemselvesinvolved inatempestofwarOurheartisclose tothem,andWeimplorefromHeaven aidinlibertyandindependence,and WeaccordtoYourHighnessandto yourfaithfulsubjectsOurApostolic Benediction."

Thesearebutafewpronouncements ofmanymadebytheSupremePontiff.Theyindicateclearlyboththe injusticeoftheGermanaggressionand thejusticeoftheAlliedCause.Add tothemthefrequentcondemnationof theradicallyanti-Christiancharacter ofNazismandtheexposureofthediabolicalcrueltiesoftheNazisinoccupiedterritory,particularlyinPoland,

bythe"OsservatoreRomano"andthe VaticanRadio,andyouwillhavea fairlyaccurateideaoftheattitudeof thePopetothepresentwar.

MayIsuggestthat,inordertoacquaintyourselfmorefullywiththe attitudeofthePapacy,youshould read"ThePopeSpeaks,"byCharles Rankin,and"TheVaticanandWar inEurope,"byDenisGwynn.

ITREMINDSME

Ifnot,whynot?

Inthecircumstances,yourquestion bringstomindthequeryputtoOur DivineLordbytheJewishrulers: "Howlongdostthouholdoursoulsin suspense?IfthoubetheChrist,tell usplainly." (Johnx,24.)Hehad alreadytoldthemplainlyenough.

LEWISandSONSBakers

1 PROCERA,VIENNA,CREMALT,HEALTH,CURRANT.

1 ALLTYPESOFFANCYBREADSANDROLLS. DualCupWinners.RoyalShow,1938. Bakery:McMASTERSTREET,VICTORIAPARK.

I 'Phone.M1379.

OurCatholicSchoolsandColleges

CHRISTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY

OneoftheAssociatedPablic SchoolsofW.A.

AquinasCollege

TELEPHONE:MU520

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Boysadmittedfrom7upwards

BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanningBridge. ForParticularsapplytoThePrincipal,AquinasCollege,CanningParade,Mt.Henry.

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(Conductedby.SistersNotreDameDesMissions). BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORGIRLS. PUPILSPREPAREDALLEXAMINATIONS. MONTESSORISCHOOLFORYOUNGCHILDREN ForProspectusapplyREV.MOTHERPRIORESS

LoretoConvent"Osborne"-Claremont BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE.

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationonmodernlinesinallbranches ofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexaminations.TheSchoolis beautifullysituatedbetweenOceanandRiver,inextensivegrounds, withfineplayingfieldsandprivateSwimmingPoolinRiver. Telephone:F2135. Apply- MOTHERSUPERIOR.

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGE

NEWNORCIL-

CONDUCTEDBYTHEMARISTBROTHERS-

ForParticularsApplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR

WhatanIgnoramus

D.R.,Yelowondi,viaGympie,Queens. land.

Ireallythinkitisagreatshameto haveyouanswerquestionsofwhich youknownothingwhatever. Itwouldbeagreatshameifitwere true.Butitisnottrue;andyourrighteousindignationthereforelacksan object.Itissimplybeatingtheair. Idonotpretendtobeabletoanswer off-handeveryquestionwhichcomes in.ButImakeitmybusinesstofind thecorrectanswerbeforedealingwith itinthisSession.Iwouldbefailing inmydutybothtotheChurchandto listenersifIdidnotatlasttrytofind thecorrectanswer.

Nodoubtyoumaybeabletoanswer questionsconcerningthedoctrinesof "Rome"CatholicChurch,butyou areincapableofansweringBiblical questions.

1amverygratefulfortheconcession. Thereseemstobesomehopeforme afterall.Infact,whenoneremembersthatthewholeSessionisdevoted totheexplanationofCatholicteachingandtheapplicationofthatteachingtohistoricalandmodernproblems, yourconcessionisevenmoregenerous thanyouintendedittobe.

Again,thestudyofCatholicteaching necessarilyinvolvesadetailedstudy oftheteachingoftheBible.Itisthe missionoftheCatholicChurchto teachGod'sRevelationtotheworld. ThatDivineRevelationiscontained intwosources,namely,SacredScriptureandApostolicTradition. Thatiswhyeverypriestmust-as partofhistraining-spendyearsin thestudyoftheBibleundertheguidanceofexperts.Whenpriestsarein needofalittlerelaxationandagood laugh,theymayevenreadalittleof "Judge"Rutherford'sattemptsat Scripturalinterpretation.

SOMEADVICE.

Itisreallyamusingtohearyou.To apersonofintellectyouareabsolutelyabsurd.

Itisgratifyingtoknowthatyou findtheSessionentertaining.

Ifitbeproofofweaknessofintellect toregardtheeffusionsof"Judge" Rutherfordasthegreatestbalderdash everwritten,thenmyintellectisdecidedlyweak,andtheintellectsofCatholicsareweak,andtheintellectsof millionsofProtestantsareweak.In short,mostpeopleofthecivilised worldarechronicimbeciles. Takomyadviceandcloseupyour QuestionBox,becauseyouareonly advertisingyourignoranceandfoolishness.

Youradviceshouldhavebeenmore complete.Itwouldhavebeenfar moreacceptablehadyouadded:"Follow'Judge'Rutherford-forthefollowingofsuchasagewillcoveranyquantityofignoranceandfoolishness. Doyouthinkapersonneedhavetwo eyestoseewhatishappeninginthe worldto-day?

Inmyignoranceandfoolishness,I thinkthateventwoeyesareinsufficienttoseewhatisgoingoninthe worldto-day.Itseemstomethat someknowledgeofelementaryfacts andalittlecommonsensearealso necessary.

"JUDGE"RUTHERFORDANDTHE POPE.

ItisaknownfactthatyourGod,Pacelli,theItalian,issittingonhis throneawaitingforhisopportunity ofrulingtheearth.

Thatisnota"knownfact."Itis simplyasampleofthedelugeoffantasticlieswhichpoursfromthepen

ofanAmericanex-convictandbogus judgeknownasJosephRutherford.

Whenamantakeshis"facts"from onewhoisperhapstheworld'smost fantasticanddangerousliar,itisnot surprisingthathisviewsareoccasionallyalittlewideofthemark. ThisiswhatwereadaboutyourGod, takenfromFerrari'sDictionary(Ec- clestical),astandardRomanCatholicDictionary:"ThePopeisofsuch dignityandhighnessthatheisnot simplyamanbut,asitwere,God andtheVicarofGod.Hencethe Popeiscrownedwithatriplecrown, asRingofHeaven,ofearth,andof hell.Nay,thePope'sExcellence andpowerarenotonlyabouthea- venly,terrestrialandinfernalthings, butheisalsoaboveangelsandis theirsuperior;sothatifitwerepos- siblethatangelscoulderrfromthe faith,theycouldbejudgedandex- communicatedbythePope.Heis ofsuchgreatdignityandpowerthat heoccupiesoneandthesametribunalwithChrist,sothatwhatever thePopedoesseemstoproceedfrom themouthofgod."

Surelyonlyapersonofweakintellectcouldbelievethatrot.

Correct.

Onlyapersonofweakintellectcould believethat.Itisnotbelievedby anyofthe400,000,000Catholics throughouttheworld.Itisnotfound inanyCatholicDictionaryoranyCatholicworkanywhere.Itisfoundwithmountainsofsimilarrujobish-inthepreposterousworksof"Judge" Rutherford.AnditisbelievedofCatholicsbythedupesoftl4elearned JudgeThat-Never-Was.

Asyousay,onlyapersonwfweak intellectcouldbelievesuchrot.

"YOUIRISHMEN!"

IwonderthatyourIrishmencanbe sochildishastobelievesuchafairy tale.

Inthefirstplace,alltheIrishpeople intheworldconstituteonlyasmallpercentageofthetotalnumberofCatholics.AllCatholics,whetherIrishor otherwise,believewhattheChurch teachesaboutthePope.Theydonot believe tales"Judge"Rutherford'sfairy aboutthePope.Itwouldbe proofpositiveofincredibleignorance orplainweaknessofintellectifthey did.

Ishallnotcommentontheremainderofyourletter.Itconsistsalmost entirelyatranscriptionfromRutherford'swritings,andthesearenotable fornothingexceptthefalsehoodsand theabsurd;,misinterpretatiorisof Scripturewhichfillthemfromcoverto cover.Theyarenotwortheventhe cheappaperonwhichtheyareprinted. Theymaybeuseful,however,forthe SalvageController.

S.BEECROFT-Butcher 181

FreshKilledMeatSold 'PhoneW1373.

RegardingtheRichesandPovertyofPeoples

(FromPage1.) code,Hiscallevokedapowerfulresponse;anditisacleardutyofjustice torecognisetheprogresswhichhas beenachievedinthelotofworkers throughthepainstakenbycivilauthoritiesinmanylands.Hencewas itwellsaidthatthe"RerumNovarum"becametheMagnaChartaofChristiansocialendeavour.

Meanwhiletherewaspassingahalfcenturywhichhasleftdeepfurrows andgrievousdisturbancesinthedomainofnationsandsociety.Thequestionswhichsocialandespeciallyeconomicchangesandupheavalsofferedfor moralconsiderationafterthe"Rerum Novarum"havebeentreatedwith penetratingacumenbyOurimmediatepredecessorintheEncyclical "QuadragesimoAnno."Thetenyears thathavefollowedithavebeenno lessfraughtwithsurprisesinsocial andeconomiclifethantheyearsbeforeitandhavefinallypouredtheir darkandturbulentwatersintothe seaofwar,whoseunforeseencurrents mayaffectoureconomicsandsociety, DifficultProblemsofFuture, Whatproblemsandwhatparticular undertakings,someperhapsentirely novel,oursociallifewillpresentto thecareoftheChurchat.theendof thisconflict,whichsetssomanypeoplesagainstoneanother,itisdifficult atthemomenttotraceorforesee.

If,however,thefuturehasitsroots inthepast,iftheexperienceofrecent yearsistobeourguideforthefuture, WefeelWemayavailOurselvesof thiscommemorationtogivesomefurtherdirectifwemoralprinciplesonthree fundamen;t1valuesofsocialandeconomiclife;andWeshalldothisanimatedbytheveryspiritofLeoXIII, andunfoldinghisviewswhichwere morethanprophetic,presagingthesocialrevolutionoftheday.Thesethree fundamentalvalues,whichareclosely connectedonewiththeother,mutuallycomplementaryanddependent,are: theuseofmaterialgoods,labourand thefamily.

TheUseofMaterialGoods.

TheEncyclical"RerumNovarum" expoundsonthequestionofproperty andman'ssustenance,principles whichhavelostnothingoftheirinvigourwiththepassageof time,andto-day,fiftyyearsafter, striketheirrootsdeeperandretain theirinnatevitality.

InOurEncyclical,"SertumLaetitiae,"directedtotheBishopsofthe UnitedStatesofAmerica,\Vecalled theattentionofalltothebasicidea oftheseprinciples,whichconsists,as Wesaid,intheassertionoftheunquestionableneed"thatthegoods whichwerecreatedbyGodforallmen shouldflowequallytoall,according totheprinciplesofjusticeandcharity."

Everyman,asalivingbeinggifted withreason,hasinfactfromnature thefundamentalrighttomakeuseof thematerialgoodsoftheearth,while itislefttothewillofmanandtothe juridicalstatutesofnationstoregulate ingreaterdetailtheactuationofthis right.Thisindividualrightcannotin anywaybesuppressedevenbyother clearand(udisputedrightsovermaterial114itods- Undoubtedly,thenaturalorder,derivingfromGod,demands alsoprivatepropertyandthefreereciprocalcommerceofgoodsbyinterchangeandgift,aswellasthefunctioningoftheStateasacontrolover boththeseinstitutions.

Butallthisremainssubordinatedto thenaturalscopeofmater:algoodsand cannotemancipateitselffromthefirst andfundamentalrightwhichconcedes theirusetoallmen;butitshould ratherservetomakepossIletheactuationofthisrightinconformitywith itsscope.Onlythuszanweand mustwesecurethatprivateproperty andtheuseofmaterialgoodswhich bringtosocietypeaceandprosperityandlonglife,thattheynolongerset upprecariousconditionswhichwill giverisetostrugglesandjealousies andwhicharelefttothemercyand theblindinterplayofforceandweakness. ANativeRight,

Thenativerighttotheuseofmaterialgoods,intimatelylinkedasitis withthedignityandotherrightsofthe humanperson,togetherwiththe statutesmentionedabove,provides manwithasecure,materialbasisof thehighestimportonwhichtorise tothefulfilment,withreasonableliberty,ofhismoralduties.Thesafeguardingofthisrightwillensurethe personaldignityofmanandwillfacilitateforhimtheattentiontoandfulfilmentofthatsumofstableduties anddecisionsforwhichheisdirectly responsibletohisCreator. Manhasintruththeentirelypersonaldutytopreserveandorderto perfectionhismaterialandspiritual

Thetroublewithus(the Church)inthepasthasbeen thatweveretoooftenalliedor drawnintoanalliancewiththe wrongside.Selfishemployers oflabourhaveflatteredthe Churchbycallingitthegreat conservativeforce,andthen calleduponittoactasapolice icicewhiletheypaidbutapittanceofwagetothosewhowork WIthem.Ihopethatdayhas goneby. Ourplaceisbesidetheworkingman.Theyareourpeople, theybuildourchurches,our priestscomefromtheirsons.

CardinalMundeleinof Chicago,1938.

life,soastosecurethereligiousand moralscopewhichGodhasassigned toallmenandhasgiventhemasthe supremenorm,obligatoryalwaysand everywhere,beforeallotherduties.

Tosafeguardtheinviolablesphere oftherightsofthehumanpersonand tofacilitatethefulfilmentofhisduties shouldbetheessentialofficeofevery publicauthority.Doesnotthisflow fromthatgenuineconceptofthecommongoodwhichtheStateiscalled upontopromote?Henceitfollows thatthecareofsuchacommongood doesnotsupplyapowersoextensive overthemembersofthecommunity that,invirtueofit,thepublicauthoritycaninterferewiththeevolutionof thatindividualactivitywhichWehave justdescribed,decideonthebeginning ortheendingofhumanlife,determine atwillthemannerofman'sphysical, spiritual,religiousandmoralmovementsinoppositiontothepersonal dutiesorrightsofman,and,tothis end,abolishordepriveofefficacyhis naturalrightstomaterialgoods.

SocietyNotAnEndInItself.

Todeducesuchextensionofpower fromthecareofthecommongood wouldbeequivalenttooverthrowing theverymeaningofthewords"commongood,"andfallingintotheerror, thattheproperscopeofmanonearth issociety,thatsocietyisanenditself, thatmanhasnootherlifewhich awaitshimbeyondthatwhichends herebelow.Thenationaleconomy,as itistheproductofthemenwhowork togetherinthecommunityofthe State,hasnootherendthantosecure, withoutinterruption,thematerialconditionsinwhichtheindividuallifeof thecitizensmayfullydevelop.Where thisissecuredinapermanentwaya peoplewillbe,inthetruesense,economicallyrich,becausethegeneral well-being,and,consequently,thepersonalrightofalltotheuseofworldly goodsisthusactuatedinconformity withthepurposewilledbytheCreator.

Fromthis,belovedchildren,itwill beeasyforyoutoconcludethatthe economicrichesforpeopledonotproperlyconsistintheabundanceof goodsmeasuredaccordingtoapurely andsolelymaterialcalculationoftheir worth,butinthefactthatsuchan abundancerepresentsandoffersreally andeffectivelythematerialbasissufficientfortheproperpersonaldevelopmentofitsmembers.Ifsuchajust distributionofgoodswerenotsecured, orwereeffectedimperfectly,thereal scopeofnationaleconomywouldnot beattained;for,althoughtherewere athandaluckyabundanceofgoods todisposeof,thepeople,innotbeing calledupontosharethem,wouldnot beeconomicallyrich,butpoor.Suppose,ontheotherhand,thatsucha distributioniseffectedgenuinelyand permanently,andyouwillseeapeople, evenifitdisposesoflessgoods,makingitselfeconomicallysound,

Thesefundamentalconceptsregardingtherichesandpovertyofpeoplesit seemstoUsparticularlyopportuneto setbeforeyouto-day,whenthereisa tendencytomeasureandjudgesuch richesandpovertybybalance-sheets andbypurelyquantitativecriteriaof theneedortheabundanceofgoods,If, instead,thescopeofthenationaleconomyiscorrectlyconsidered,thenit willbecomeaguidefortheeffortsof statesmenandpeoplesandwillenlightenthemtowalkspontaneously alongawaywhichdoesnotcallfor continualexactioningoodsandblood, butwillgivefruitsofpeaceandgeneralwelfare.

Withtheuseofmaterialgoodsyou yourselves,dearchildren,seehowlabourisconnected.The"RerumNovarum"teachesthattherearetwoessentialcharacteristicsofhumanlabour:Itispersonalanditisnecessary. Itispersonalbecauseitisachieved throughtheexerciseofman'sparticularforces;itisnecessarybecausewithoutitonecannotsecurewhatisindispensabletolife;andmanhasanatural,grave,individualobligationto

maintainlife.Tothepersonalduty tolabourimposedbynaturecorrespondsandfollowsthenaturalrightof eachindividualtomakeoflabourthe meanstoprovideforhisownlifeand thatofhischildren,soprofoundlyis theempireofnatureordainedforthe preservationofman.

Butnotethatsuchadutyandthe correspondingrighttoworkisimposed onandconcededtotheindividualin thefirstinstancebynatureandnotby society,asifmanwerenothingmore thanamereslaveorofficialofthe community.Fromthatitfollowsthat thedutyandtherighttoorganisethe labourofthepeoplebelongs,aboveall, tothepeopleimmediatelyinterested: theemployersandtheworkers.If theydonotfulfiltheirfunctions,or cannotbecauseofspecialextraordinaryemergenciesfulfilthem,thenit fallsbackontheStatetointervenein thefieldoflabourandinthedivision anddistributionofworkaccordingto theformandmeasurethatthecommongood,properlyunderstood,demands.

State'sRightsNotUnlimited. Inanycase,everylegitimateand beneficialinterferenceoftheStatein thefieldoflabourshouldbesuchasto safeguardandrespectitspersonal character,bothinthebroadoutlines, and,asfaraspossible,inwhatconcernsitsexecution.Andthiswill happenifthenormsoftheStatedo notabolishorrenderimpossiblethe exerciseofotherrightsandduties equallypersonal;suchastherightto giveGodHisdueworship;therightto marry:therightofhusbandandwife, offatherandmother,toleadamarrieddomesticlife;therighttoareasonablelibertyinthechoiceofastate oflifeandthefulfilmentofatruevocation;apersonalright,thislast,ifthere everwasone,belongingtothespirit andsublimewhenthehigherimprescriptiblerightsofGodandofthe Churchmeetasinthechoiceandfulfilmentofthepriestlyandreligiousvocations.

TheFamily,

Accordingtotheteachingofthe "RerumNovarum,"natureitselfhas closelyjoinedprivatepropertywith theexistenceofhumansocietyanditstruecivilisationandinaveryspecial mannerwiththeexistenceanddevelopmentofthefamily,Suchalink appearsmorethanobvious.Should notprivatepropertysecureforthe fatherofafamilythehealthyliberty heneedsinordertofulfilthedutiesassignedhimbytheCreatorregarding thephysical,spiritualandreligious welfareofthefamily?

Inthefamilythenationfindsthe naturalandfecundrootsofitsgreatnessandpower.Ifprivateproperty hastoconducetothegoodofthefamily,allpublicstandards.andspecially thoseoftheState,whichregulateits possession,mustnotonlymakepossibleandpreservesuchafunctionin thenaturalorderundercertainaspects superiortoallothers,butmustalso perfectitevermore.

Aso-calledcivilprogresswould,in fact,beunnaturalwhich-either throughtheexcessiveburdensimposed orthroughexaggerateddirectinterference-weretorenderprivateproperty voidofsignificance,practicallytaking fromthefamilyanditsheadthefreedomtofollowthescopesetbyGod fortheperfectionoffamilylife.

Ofallthegoodsthatcanbetheobjectofprivatepropertynoneismore conformabletonature,accordingto theteachingofthe"RerumNovarum," thantheland,theholdinginwhich thefamilylives,andfromtheproducts ofwhichitdrawsallorpartofitssubsistence.Anditisinthespiritofthe "RerumNovarum"tostatethat,asa rule,onlythatstabilitywhichisrootedinone'sownholdingmakesofthe familythevitalandmostperfectand fecundcellofsociety,joiningup,ina brilliantmanner,initsprogressivecohesionthepresentandfuturegenerations.If,to-day,theconceptandthe creationofvitalspacesisatthecentre ofsocialandpoliticalaims,shouldnot one,beforeallelse,thinkofthevital spaceofthefamilyandfreeitofthe fettersofconditionswhichdonotpermiteventoformulatetheideaofa homesteadofone'sown?

Ourplanet,withallitsextentof oceansandseasandlakes,withmountainsandplainscoveredwitheternal snowsandice,withgreatdesertsand tractlesslands,isnot,atthesame time,withouthabitableregionsand vitalspacesnowabandonedtowild naturalvegetationandwellsuitedto becultivatedbymantosatisfyhis needsandcivilactivities;andmore thanonce,itisinevitablethatsome familiesmigratingfromonespotto anothershouldgoelsewhereinsearch ofanewhomeland-Then,according

totheteachingofthe"RerumNovarum,"therightofthefamilytoa vitalspaceisrecognised.Whenthis happens,emigrationattainsitsnaturalscopeasexperienceoftenshows: Wemeanthemorefavourabledistributionofmenontheearth'ssurface suitabletocoloniesofagricultural workers;thatsurfacewhichGodcreatedandpreparedfortheuseofall.

Ifthetwoparties,thosewhoagree toleavetheirnativelandandthose whoagreetoadmitthenewcomers,remainanxioustoeliminate,asfaras possible,allobstaclestothebirthand growthofrealconfidencebetweenthe countryofemigrationandthatofimmigration,allthoseaffectedbysuchatransferenceofpeopleandplaces willprofitbythetransaction:the familieswillreceiveaplotofground whichwillbenativelandforthemin thetruesenseoftheword;thethicklyinhabitedcountrieswillberelieved, andtheirpeoplewillacquirenew friendsinforeigncountries;andthe Stateswhichreceivetheemigrants willacquireindustriouscitizens.In thisway,thenationswhichgiveand thosewhichreceivewillbothcontributetotheincreasedwelfareofman andtheprogressofhumanculture.

BasisoftheProspectiveNewOrder, Thesearetheprinciples,concepts andnorms,belovedchildren,with which\Veshouldwishevennowto shareinthefutureorganisationofthe neworderwhichtheworldexpects andhopeswillarisefromtheseething fermentofthepresentstruggletoset thepeoplesatrestinpeaceandjus- tice, WhatremainsforUsbut,inthe spiritofLeoXIIIandinaccordance withhisadviceandpurpose,toexhort youtocontinuetopromotethework whichthelastgenerationofyourbrothersandsistershadbegunwithsuch staunchcourage?

Donotletdieinyourmidstand fadeawaytheinsistentcalloftheSocialEncyclical,thatvoicewhichindicatedtothefaithfulinthesupernatu- ralregenerationofmankindthemoral obligationtoco-operateinthearrangementofsociety,and,especiallyofeconomiclife,exhortingthosewhoshare inthislifetoactionnolessthanthe Stateitself.Isnotthisasacredduty foreveryChristian?

Donotlettheexternaldifficulties putyouoff,dearchildren;donotbe upsetbytheobstacleofthegrowing paganismofpubliclife.

Donotletyourselvesbemisledby themanufacturersoferrorsandunhealthytheories,thosedeplorabletrendsnotofincrease,butofdecompositionandofcorruptionofthereligiouslife;currentsofthoughtwhich holdthat,sinceredemptionbelongsto thesphereofsupernaturalgraceand is,therefore,exclusivelytheworkof God,thereisnoneedforustocooperateonearth,Oh,lamentableignoranceoftheworkofGod!"Professingthemselvestobewise,theybecamefools."'(Romans1,22,)

Asifthefirstefficacyofgracewere nottoco-operatewithoursincereeffortstofulfileverydaythecommandmentsofGodasindividualsandas membersofsociety;a,Cforthepast 2,000yearstherehadrictlivednor perseveredinthesouloftheChurch thesenseofthecollectiveresponsibil- ityofallforall;sothatsoulswere movedandaremovedeventoheroic charity,thesoulsofthemonkswho cultivatedtheland,thosewhofreed slaves,thosewhohealedthesick,those whospreadthefaith,civilisationand sciencetoallagesandallpeoples,to createsocialconditionswhichalone arecapableofmakingpossibleand feasibleforallalifeworthyofaman andofaChristian.

Butyou,whoareconsciousandconvincedofthissacredresponsibility, mustnoteverbesatisfiedwiththis widespreadpublicmediocrityinwhich themajorityofmencannot,exceptby heroicactsofvirtue,observetheDivinepreceptswhicharealwaysandin allcasesinviolable.

Ifbetweentheidealandtherealisatiinthereappearsevennowanevident lackofproportion;iftherehavebeen failures,commonindeedtoallhuman activity:ifdivergenciesofviewarose ontheway,followedortobefollowed. allthisshouldnotmakeyoudepressed orslowupyoursteporgiveriseto lamentationsorrecriminations;nor shoulditmakeyouforgettheconsolingfactthattheinspiredmessageof thePopeofthe"RerumNovarum.' sentforthalivingandclearstreamof strongsocialsense,sincereanddisinterested;astreamwhichifitbenow partlyperhapscoveredbyalandslide ofdivergentandover-powering events,to-morrow,whentheruinof thisworldhurricaneiscleared,atthe (ContinuedonPage17,Column2.1

CrushingtheHeadoftheSerpent

THELEGIONDEFINED.

THELegionofMaryisdefinedby itsHandBookasanassociationofitsmembersbyprayer andactiveco-operation,underecclesiasticalguidance,inMary'sandthe Church'sworkofcrushingthehead oftheserpent,and,advancingthe reignofChrist.

TheLegionhasdrawnitsnamefrom itsheavenlyPatroness,andfromthe armyofancientRome.

Itisorganisedasanarmy,anditis fondofspeakingtoitsmembersin termsofanarmyandofbattles.This iswarrantedbythelanguageofHoly Scriptureitself,whichtellsusthatlife isawarfareandwhichbidsustocomportourselvesasworthysoldiersof Christ.Moreover,themartialideais onewithgreatappealtomankind. Legionaries,knowingthemselvestobe soldiers-arestimulatedtoimparta soldierlyseriousnesstotheirwork;but thearmyandthearmsofLegionaries ofMaryarenotofthisworld.

TheLegionreducesitswarfaretoa definitespirituality:.adefiniteprogrammeofprayer,adefiniteweekly task,adefiniteweeklyreport.Out fromthismouldcomessurelyasoldier,strong,courageous,self-sacrificing, prudent,disciplined.Eachmember isadefinitespiritualforce,interested intheChurch,anxioustoserveit. securinglargeresultsinthatservice, andasabody,irresistible.

IfsuchbereallytheLegion,can thoseinchargeofsoulsaffordtobe withoutit?

ORIGIN, Inamonth'stimetheLegionwillbe twentyyearsold,anditsorigincan hardlyhavebeenmorehumble.It startedonSeptember7,1921,inaback roominoneofthepoorestpartsof Dublin.Ofthosewhoformedtheinitialgroupnotone-unlessweexcept thePriestwhoguideditsdestiny-was ofimportance,astheworldreasons. Theywereallgirlsbutone,youngfactoryworkersforthemostpart,but millionairesinfaith-asgoodasgood canbe.

Tolookatthatmeeting,itwasidenticalwithwhatyouwouldseeto-day

KALAMUNDA.

KalamundaMeatSupply RAILWAYROAD.

E.C.HUM:FREY, BUTCHER.

DeliverstheBESTQUALITY MEATthroughouttheDistrict. 'Phone130.

wereyoutoattendaLegionmeeting inanypartoftheworld.Thetable aroundwhichtheymetboreasimple altar,ofwhichthecentrewasa StatueofOurLady.Itstoodona whitecloth,andwasflankedbytwo vaseswithflowersandtwocandlestickswithlightedcandles.Thissetting,sorichinatmosphere,wastheinspirednotionofoneoftheearlier comers.Themembers'firstcorporate actwastogoontheirknees.The earnestyoungheadswerebentdown. TheInvocationandPrayeroftheHoly Ghostweresaid,andthenthroughthe fingerswhichhadduringthedaybeen toilsomelyemployed,slippedthebeads

For"TheRecord," byLEGIONARY.

ofthesimplestofalldevotions.Then thefinalwordsdiedaway,theysatup, andundertheauspicesof.theQueen ofHeaven-asrepresentedbyher statue,theysetthemselvestotheconsiderationofhowtheycouldbest pleaseGodandmakeHimlovedinHis world.Fromthatdiscussioncame forththeLegionofMary,asweknow itto-day,inallitsfeatures.

Whatawonder!Whocontemplatingthoseinconspicuouspeople-so simplyengaged-couldinhiswildest momentsimaginewhatadestinywaitedjustalittlealongtheroad?Who amongstthemcouldthinkthatthey wereinauguratingasystemwhich wastobeanewworld-force,capableiffaithfullyandforcefullyadministered-ofimpartinglifeandsweetness andhopetothenations.Yetsoit wastobe.

THELEGIONGROWS.

Buteverythingwastomovevery slowly.Sixyearspassed,andalthoughtheLegionofMaryhadgreatly grown,stillDublincontaineditall. Thenitswingswereopenedforits firstflight,andabranchbeganin WaterfordCity.ThefirstbranchoutsideIrelandwasinScotland;andthe dateofthatimportanteventwas April26,1928. Thefirstbranchin theNewWorldwasformedonNovember27,1932,inNewMexico.Thelatterbranch,inviolentdistinctionto thatfirstbranchintheOldWorld, wascomposedofmen.Imustmentionthatmenhadlongsinceflocked tothestandardoftheLegion.This wasnotwithoutacertaingrumbling fromthefeminineelement,whorightlyregardedtheLegionasaspecialachievementoftheirsex,andlooked doubtfullyontheadventofthemen withtheirmoreassertivemannerand

dogmaticspeech,cominginwithanair ofownership-astheladiessay-when themainworkofbuildinguphadbeen alreadydone.Butnowtheyarein it,andIsayitwithduedeliberationinitforthegoodoftheLegion.

To-daythenameoftheLegionof Maryisknownthroughouttheentire civilisedworld,anditsprayersare beingsaidinmorethanfortydifferent languagesanddialects.Throughout thecharacteristicofthatgrowthhas beenitscompletesteadiness.

Therehasneverbeenatimewhen onecansaythattheLegioninany particularplacewasgrowingrapidly. Theprocessofgrowthatalltimes ratherresembledthatofatreewhich seemsfromdaytodaytobestationary,butwhichoveraperiodshows agreatincrease.

GROWTH.

Itwillbeappreciated,however,that thegrowthoftheLegionisaccording togeometricprogression,sothatin duecoursearateofexpansionwillbe reachedwhichnowwouldoverwhelm us.Yet,evenasitis,thedaily growthnarrowstheimmensedistances whichseparateourscatteredunits.Appropriategoverningbodieswillcome intobeingtobindtogetherandto safeguard;andsomedayinthefuture aclosely-knitorganisationwilltake thewholeworldintothescopeofits chivalrouswarfare.

Allthishasbeenaccomplished withoutanyrealpropaganda.The growthoftheLegionhasbeenentirely duetotherecommendationsgivenby onepersontoanother.Considering this,thereiscertainlysomethingofthe extraordinaryintheprogresswhich hasbeenrealised.Couplingthis withtheundeniablyamazingresults whichhaveeverywherebeensecured bythesystematwork,therewould appeartobesomejustificationfor thinkingthatwearelookingatthe beginningsofagreatnewprovidential movementraisedupbyGodtohelp, atatimeofparticularperilforreligion,TH WORLDPERIL.

Thattheworldisinperilatthepresenttimeisbeyondquestion.Whateverthetroublesofthepastageshave been,meningeneralheldaspiritual conceptionoftheirexistence.But nowthecontraryappearstobethe case.Menaregivingthemselvesup tomaterialisticideas.Greatnew movementshavearisenanddominate thewholelandscape,whichhaveas theirobjectnothinglessthantheextirpationoftheveryNameofGod.One standsamazedatthesuccesswhich hasattendedthesestartlingmanifestationsofevil,whichruncompletely contrarytothedeepest-rootedinstincts ofthehumanrace.Weseewhole nationsofpeopledenyinginbulk whateachindividualmanamongst themmustsurelyfeelinhisheartto betrue.Ableorganisationspreads thismilitantatheisminaconstantly wideningcircle,sothatonecannotbut beapprehensive. ThearmsoftheLegionofMaryand oftheforcesdescribedabovearediametricallyopposed,buttheirmethods aresomewhatsimilar.Eachconcentratesontheindividual.Eachhasits ownvivididealismwhichitseeksto impressuponallmenwithenthusiasm, notthatenthusiasmwhichtalksmuch, butanenthusiasmwhichtalksbut little,andmakesitsmembers.under theinfluenceofafirmdisciplinepursueunwaveringlyathought-outplan ofcampaign,Idonotmeanbythis tosuggestthattheLegionofMary hasplaceditselfindeliberateoppositiontothegreatforceswhichIhave justmentioned.Ifintheend,these forcesandtheLegionarefoundtobe facingeachother,itissolelybecause theLegion,pursuingtheaimoftrying tobringGodandreligiontoeverysoul, naturallyfindsitselfinoppositionto aforcewhoseavowedobjectitisto accomplishtheveryopposite.

There,inaword,isthepurposeof theLegion.Itsambitionistohelp tokindletheflamesofdivinelovein everyheart.Itbeginsthisworkin theheartsofitsownmembers,whom itsubjectstoadisciplineofprayer andaction,thewholeblendedand workedintothecomplexionofachivalrywhichsetsupthehighestideals ofself-sacrificeandheroism.

DISTINCTIVECHARACTEROF THELEGION.

SpaceforbidsthatIdilateonwhat theLegionarycharacteris.Icontent myselfbyassuringyouthatitisdistinctive.Asimple,earnestpiety,utterlyfreefromthearrogantorsuperiortone,aspecialdegreeofcheerfulness,courage,competence,loyalty,are itschiefingredients.Allthisisdirectedbythesamesystemwhichhas developedit,towardsthedoingofany workwhichmayservethepurposeof

spiritualisingmen.Itsdesireisto reacheveryindividualwithoutdistinction,totakeintothesphereofits apostolatenotmerelytheneglectful, notonlythepoororthesick.butall.

FrequentlydoLegionariesfindthem.selvesapproachingpersonswhoare holierthanthey.Butevenso,itis notforthemtodoubttheircapacity todogood.Foreventothebestthey willbringnewideas,newdevotions. Theymayenlivenaroutine,Certainlytheycannotfailtoedifyby theircheerfulpracticeoftheapostolic life,followingonahardday'swork, anddoneeveninthedisheartenment ofunemployment.

Toall:therich,thepoor,therespectedorthosewho,forvariousreasons,arenotrespected,theLegionaryapproacheswiththesamerespectful manner.Thisisnot,sotospeak,abusinessmannerassumedforthepurposeofingratiatingthemselves.It hasadeeperrootbyfarinthedoctrineoftheMysticalBodyofChrist. "Sooftenasyoudidituntooneof thesemyleastbrethren,youdiditto me."Withthesewordsimprintedon theirhearts,theLegionariesmustsee theirLordintheirneighbour(whois allmankindwithoutdistinction).Even theunthankful,theevil,andthegreatestobjectsofnaturalrepulsion,areto beviewedinthislight,andtoberenderedareverentialandprincelyservice.

LEGION'SSERVICE.

TheworkwhichbroughtthefirstmemberstogetherwastheworkofvisitingthesickpoorinthegreatDublin Union,andforawhilethiswasthe onlyworkattacked.Itwas,however, recognisedfromthefirstthatanyclass ofworkwouldsatisfythework-obligationwhichmembershipimposed.So littlebylittleothertypes,'ofwork weretakenon.AmongtheseImay mentionthevisitationofhospitals, prisons,lodging-houses,asylums,and allsortsofinstitutions;therunningof classes,clubs,hostels,scoutandguide troops;andespeciallythevisitation ofthehomesofthepeopleinconnectionwiththespreadingofthepopular devotionsandgoodliterature,orfor thepurposeofrecruitingforreligious associations.Infactthereishardlyasingletypeofreligiousactivityin whichtheLegionisnotalreadybusyingitself,

WORKACCOMPLISHED.

Iwouldliketogiveyousomeexamplesofwhatisbeingaccomplished andofthespiritwhichanimatesthe work,Suchexamplesarebothpic- turesqueandnumerous.Buttheexigenciesofspacearesemaphoringa decidednegative.Imust,however, makereferencetotheworkabroadin ordertoshowyouhowfarafieldhas gonetheforceengenderedhere,and alsothevitalthingsthatareatstake.

Iwillquoteherethreeshortextracts fromletters.EachisfromaMissionaryPriest.Eachconcernsabranchof colouredLegionaries,andeachofthese iscomposedofmen.Iaskyoutoacceptmyassurancethattheyareonly typicalofwhatisbeinguniversally done.Imentionmen,notbecause theyaredoingbetterworkthanthe women,forsuchisnotthecase.I doittobringhomeforciblythefact thattheLegionisnotexclusivelya woman'sorganisation.Itexistsfor meninjustthesamedegretasfor women. MyfirstexamplecomesfromNorth WestCanada.Itreads:"MyIndianLegionariesarebusierthaneverWould thatIhadthetimetotellyouallthey aredoing.Asfaraswecanjudge- humanlyspeaking-theLegionaries havebeeninstrumentalinsaving quiteafewsouls.Thenimaginetwo ofourmengoingintoawhiteparish, agooddistancefromhere,inorderto interestthemenintheworkofthe Legion.Forthreehourstheywere questionedandrequestionedonthe Legion.Buttheyneverfaltered. Theystoodthefire.Theywereinvitedtoreturnthenextevening.Back theywentandputthesewhitemen throughatrialmeeting.

Thisisthesecond.Itisfrom SouthAfrica:"MayIsayalsothatI findmyLegionariesveryzealousin theirgoodworkandexemplaryin theirstrictadherencetorules.They areawonderfulhelptomeintheperformanceofmydutiesinadistrict whichcomprisesaboutthreethousand soulsandwhichveryoftenIfindI cannotcopewith."

ThethirdisfromCentralAfrica: "SinceJanuaryIhavebeenbrought backtotheseminarytoteach,andI canonlyvisitthestationattheweekends.ItisfortunatethattheLegion isnowworkingtokeepupthestation intheabsenceofthepriest,Itwill consoleyoutoknowthatthereisa greatawakeningofinterestinreligion amongstthepeople.Thelaxandthe non-practisingarebeginningtorealise thattheirsalvationisaseriousmatterandtotaketheirreligionseriously, TheLegionhasdonethis."

InadequateGrantsFotSt*Wards

HisGraceRestates GrievanceofChurches

ADDRESSATCASTLEDAREFIELDDAY

ABRIEFliftingoftheunpleasantconditionsofthepastfew weekscontributedmuchtothesuccessoftheCastledare FieldDayonSundayafternoon.About1,000peopleattendedandtookpartinthepleasuresofthefete.

DuringtheafternoonHisGracetheArchbishopwasofficially welcomedbytheSuperior(Rev.BrotherO'Neil),andaddressed thepeopleonanimpOrtantaspectoftheadministrationofCastledare-thecontributionsoftheGovernmenttowardstheupkeepof Statewards.

iNhispreliminaryremarks, HisGracesaidthatitwasa delighttohimtobeassociatedNviththeannualfieldday, andhewasgratefultothemany peoplewhohadattended.Speakingofthenewdiningroom,His Gracesaidthatitwouldbeagreat boontothelittleboysandthe staff,whohadbeenconsiderably hatupergintheirworkinthe pastbecauseoflackofproper facilities.OnbehalfoftheBrothersandthechildren,hethankedtheLotteriesCommissionfor thislatestactofkindlyhelp, withoutwhichthenewdining roomcouldnothavebeenbuilt.

Mr.A.ClydesdalespokeonbehalfoftheLotteriesCommission. Hesaidthathisonlyregretwas thatthehelpthatcouldbegiven bytheCommissionwaslimited. Personally,iftherewasanything hecoulddotoassistCastledare andthechildrenhewouldbe happyfortherestofhislife.Castledarewasdoingagreatwork,

andhow,heasked,coulditfailto besuccessfulwithsuchanArchbishopattheheadofaffairs?He paidasinceretributetothezeal andtirelessenergyofHisGrace, especiallyinrelationtothevariouscharitableinstitutionsunder hischarge.

Mr.C.Cross,M.L.A.,alsopaid sinceretributestotheworkof Castledare.Itwasheartening, hesaid,toseesuchalargecrowd ofpeoplepresent.Itseemedto pointtoare-awakeningofthe heartsofthepeople.Andsucha reawakeningwasallthemore necessaryintimessuchasthese Ithenallappealsformoneywere forpatrioticpurposes,tothe neglectofhomecharities.

Hefeltthatitwasthedutyof everyone,howeverlimitedhis means,todigasdeeplyaspossibleinordertohelpincarrying outthecommand,"FeedMy Lambs."Hecouldpromisethat hehimselfwoulddosoandhe couldassurethemthathismeans werenotlimitless.

StatePaysOnlyHalfUpkeep ofItsWards

SPEAKINGonthesubject ofthegrantforState wards,HisGracethe Archbishopsaidthathewas gratefultotheBrothersforthe splendidworktheyweredoing, andhecongratulatedthemon theeff,cisntmannerinwhichthey condedtheinstitution,but theirtaskwasbynomeansan easyone.

Theirdifficultiescouldbeappreciatedwhenitwasconsidered thattheyreceivedfromtheState onlytheentirelyinadequate amountofIs.adayforeachState ward.Theactualcostofmaintenanceforchildreninaninstitutionwasnotlessthan14s.a weekforeachchild,andthissum didnotincludecapitalexpenditure. HisGracesaidthatofthe70 childrenintheHomeatpresent 30wereStatewards.Theremainderwereprivatecases,for manyofwhomlittleornothing wasreceived.This,ofcourse, C.B.C.ST.GEORGE'STERRACE, PERTH.

DISPLAY. InPERTHTOWNHALL, TUESDAY,AUGUST'5,1941,at8p.m. Tickets2s.ReservedSeats,2s6d. BoxPlanatCollege.

wastobeexpected.Indeed,it wasforsuchchildrenthatinstitutionssuchasthiswereprimarily established.

Lastyearrepresentativesofall churchescontrollinginstitutions caringforStatewardshaddecided.inconference,thatthey xvouldasktheGovernmenttoincreasetheallowanceto10s.per xveekforeachStatewardforthe durationofthewar.Surelythis requestwasareasonableone,all themorereasonablebecauseofthe everincreasingcostoflivingdue towarconditions.Andthere wereindicationsthattheGovernmentwassympathetic,foraccordingtoaPressreportonDecember5last,theLegislativeAssemblyhadagreedtoamotion thattheGovernmentshouldgive considerationtoincreasingthe allowancemadetotheinstitutions forthecareandmaintenanceof Statewards.Therewas,itwas reported,nodissentientvoice whenthemotionwasput.

Thatwasnearlyeightmonths ago,andnothinghadyetbeen done.

Furthercommentwasunnecessary.Hesincerelyhopedthat somethingwouldbedoneinthe verynearfuturetoredressthis legitimategrievance.

LarrikinismandReligion

For"TheRecord,"byJOHNHENRY.

AVERYminorcontroversyhas beenrunninginthecolumnsof ourmorningcontemporaryon thesubjectofLarrikinisminpicture theatres.Ithasoccupiedverylittle spacecommensuratewithitssignificance.Butonesentencestruckmymindwithpeculiarforce:"Itisbecause religioustrainingislackingthatLarrikinismprevails,andtheChurchisnot allowedtodoaworkthatwouldabolishtheevil."

Nowtheconnectionisnotatonce evidentbetweentheprevalenceofLarrikinismandtheabsenceofreligious education.Ontheonesideisthe disturbingfactthattherollofjuvenile delinquencygrowsdailymoreformidable.Vandalismintrains,picture shows,publicparks,cemeteries,etc.,to. getherwithpettytheft,isthestock-intradeoftheChildren'sCourt.Onthe other,thereisnobasisofcomparison. Religiouseducationasregardsthemass oftaxpayers,likeRachel'schildren, simply"is"not.Yetitisafactnot tobeglossedoverthatwheresecularismreigns,thedecayofevenmundanevaluesisfirstlyandchieflymanifestedintheattackonproperty.Hand inglovewiththisphenomenonisthe attachmentofmodernyouthtoCommunism-thatsystemwhichisbased onthedenialofman'srighttoown.

Thereis,infact,arealandvitalinterdependencebetweenresponsibleciti. zenshipandreligion.Forcitizenship isavirtuewhicharisesoutofrecognitionof,andrespectfor,thecivillaws. Itmanifestsitselfpracticallyinareasonableobedience.Butthisinterior reverenceforthetemporalpowerand civilauthoritygenerallycannotarise or,risen,besustainedwithoutadequate motivesandmoralsanctions.Actual obediencetolawmaybeenforcedby thepoliceatleastinsofarasitisessentialtoavoidthedislocationofsocial life,butunlessthespiritofreverence animatesit,itismostinsecurelyfoundedandwillbereadilyoverthrown.Now theonlypowerwhichcansupplygenuinemotivesandmoralsanctionsisthat

ofreligion.Bythis,IdonotnecessarilymeanChristianity.Everybody knowsthereweregoodpagans,and perhapstheywillsurviveinmicroscopicnumbers.Butevenpagan Rome,wherecitizenshipwasapopular boast(ofwhichevenSt.Paulavailed himself),stabilisedthetemporalpowerbyfosteringdevotiontomultiplegods. Andcitizenshipinthosedays.with thatmoralauthority,wasarealarid livingthing.IntheChristianerait advancedtremendouslyasonewould expect.ThefloweringofChristian cultureintheMiddleAgesandtheorganicconceptofsocietyintheguilds wereitshighestexpression.

Inourdays,therespectforcivilauthoritydecreasesininverseratiotothe growthofmaterialism.Oddlyenough itisparadoxicalthattheChristian shouldbethebettercitizen,seeing thathebelieveshehasnotherealastingcity.Butevenintheagesof faithmenbuiltthe"civitasDei"preciselybecausetheirhopewasinthe HeavenlyJerusalem.Soto-daywhere moderngovernments,themselvesthe productsofthesecularistoutlook,commitallmannerofenormitiesagainst theChristianfaith,theChristiancitizenisstillboundinconsciencetoobedience.Theinevitableculminationof materialismistodown-razethevery superstructureitselfcreated.Thesecularschoolwilleventuallydestroythe CapitalistState.ThishasbeenrecognisedevenbythetotalitarianStates ofEurope,which,feelingtheneedto stabilisethemselvesbymoralsanctions, andvetlackingatruereligiousoutlook,attempttosubstitutevarious typesofpseudo-mysticconceptsofthe State,racialsuperiorityanddivine nationalmissions.

Butthepointwaswellmadeinthe morningpressthatonlyareligious outicokwhichrecognisesGodasthe sourceofallauthority,andfreelyacceptsresponsibilityonearth,willstem thetideofjuveniledelinquencyand manykindredevils.

Boase-CroganWedding

CelebratedwithNuptialMass,the marriageofPatricia,youngestdaughterofMrs.C.Crogan,ofOrd-street, Fremantle,andthe'lateMr.J.Crogan (ofVictoriaPark),toDaniel,youngest sonofMrs.A.andthelateMr.T.W. Boase,ofHampton-road,Fremantle, tookplaceatSt.Patrick'sChurch,Premantle,onJune28. Thebride,whowasgivenawayby Mr.FrankBoase,walkedthrougha guard-of-honourofChildrenofMary afterenteringthechurch.Sheworea lovelygownoficebluefloralhammer. edtaffeta,withafittingbodice,and goredskirt,whichformedalongtrain,

thenecklineandtrainbeingfinished withicebluewater-lilies,andthethreequarterlengthtulleveilwasheldin placewithicebluewater-lilies.She carriedawhitemissal,whichwasa giftofReverendMother,ofSt.Joseph's Convent.

Theattendants,MissMarieCrogan andlittleJoyAlford,werefrockedalike inpinksilknet,theirshoulder-length tulleveilsbeingheldinplacewith coronetsofCecilBrunnerrosesto matchtheirbouquets.

TheceremonywasperformedbyRev. FatherMoore,O.M.I.-andMr.Roy Priestwasbestman.Thereceptiose washeldatthe"Rendezvous,"where Mrs.Croganreceivedtheguests,wean. inganavyensemblewithwhiteaccess_ sories.ShewasassistedbyMrs.Boase, whochoseagreyfrockwithblackaccessories.

Fortravellingthebrideworea charmingdeepwinefrock,winehat,, andnavyaccessories.

Bewareof"SocialSecurity"

BureaucracyMarchesinAustralia

TheDictatorshipoftheCivilService

ONEofthemostpertinentcriticismsthatcanbelevelledagainst thePressofthisStateisthat, notonlyhasitnevergiventhepublic atrueperspectiveoftheEuropean scene(andthisappliesequallytothe pre-warperiod),butitfailsevento supplytheWestralianpeoplewithan adequatepictureofwhatishappening intheEasternStates.

ThecaseoftheB.H.P.controversy isbutoneillustration.Allwehave learnedofthataffairinthisStateis thataseriesofchargesagainstthe CompanywasmadebytheDeputy LeaderoftheLabourParty;repliedto bythechairmanoftheCompany;the B.H.P.defendedbythePrimeMinister twice),andbytheMinisterforMuni-

tions;whiletheallegationsarereaffirmedbyMr.FordeandMr.Makin, anothermemberoftheWarAdvisory council.

Butofthewaveofpopularindignationandprotestthathasmountedto feverheat,andwhichisretailedby localpeoplereturningfromtheEast, wehaveheardnowordinthepress.

Yetthisisthecruxofthematter andtheultimatetestofthesincerity ofourdemocraticpretensions-willthe Governmentstandoutagainstanunmistakablemanifestationofthepopularwillconcerningmonopolies?

Thisappliesequallytoeverymajor politicalissuewhichhasariseninrecentYears.ThepublicinthisState, furinstance,wasscarcelyawarethat

S.G.TAYLOR,QualityGrocer

1HAMPDENROAD,BEACONSFIELD. L1189.

DELIVERIESEVERYWHERE. AGOODDEALSAVEDBYAGOODDEAL.

J.A.COMPSTON

BUTCHER

CornerSTEPHENST.andHAMPTONROAD. FORHYGIENICSERVICE'PHONEL2492. ATRIALSOLICITED.

PRESCRIPTIONS

theNationalInsuranceproposalshadbeenmootedbeforetheywerelaw. Thereisacaseofthekindatpresent. Therehavebeenthreebriefmentions inthe"WestAustralian"thataParliamentarySelectCommitteeonSocial Securityhasbeensetuptoinquire into:(1)Widowsandorphanscontri- butoryschemes,(2)unemploymentinsurance,(3)contributoryold-ageand invalidpensions,(41anationalhousing scheme-(51acomprehensivehealth scheme,includingchildwelfare,maternalwelfare,nutritionandcommunity medicalservices,includinghospitals.

Allthisisgoodandessentialresearch,butifitpresages,asIfearit does,theextensionofsocialservices, thatisahorseofanothercolour.

Itwillcertainlymakefor"socialsecurity-butnotbymeansofeconomic independence.Ratheritwouldappear asafinalefforttobolsteruptherottingsocialsystembyareversiontothe paganslaveidealsofRome,asexemplifiedinthecryfor"breadandcircuses."Eachtimethesocialdiscontentseemstobeleaningtoradicalism, aGovernmentalsopofsomekindis throwntothepeople.Ifthepeople areneedy,givethembread,andtailing thatcake,isthetrend.Givethem free(.orapparentlyfree)socialservices,givethemStatecharity,but don'tgivethemjusticeandindependence.

NATIONALHOUSING.

Itappearstomeanelementaryand axiomaticprincipleofsociallifethat "itisaninjustice,agraveevil,anda disturbanceofrightorderforalarger andhigherorganisationtoarrogateto itselffunctionswhichcanbeperformed efficientlybysmallerandlowerbodies:' Asappliedtosocialservices,theclear inferenceisthatthereisnooccasion, norindeedjustification.forthecentralgovernmenttodoanythingwhich canbeadequatelycarriedoutcooperativelybythepeopleconcerned. Forinstance,Icanseenoreasonwhy theGovernmentofitselfshouldentertaintheideaofanationalhousing scheme.Whatitshoulddoistoencouragethegrowthofco-operative buildingsocietiesoflimitedmembership.Thisitcoulddomosteffectivelybyprovidingtheinitialcapital(at nominalinterest)whichisnecessaryto getsuchmovementsunderway,and perhapsbysomelegislativeandlegal preferencestowould-behomeowners asagainstrent-payersandflat-dwellers. Or,alternatively,itcouldbegintouse theCommonwealthBankintelligently fortheissuingofbuildingcreditto newly-marriedcouples,etc.,without ruiningmarriageprospectswithintolerableinterestburdens.

Butalmostanythingispreferableto anationalhousingscheme.Rememberingthepast,onecanonlyshudder atthearchitecturalaspectoftheprospectalone.

TheSocial"Security"Committeeis alsotoinvestigate"contributory" schemescoveringwidows,orphans,unemployed,theagedandinvalids.The financialdemandsoftheold-agepensionshas,ofcourse,increasedenormouslyinrecentyears,forlargely owingtobirthcontrolourpeopleare anageingrace.Ithasreachedproportionswhereithasbecomeamajor embarrassmenttolegislators.After thewar,also,therewillbemany widows,orphans,andinvalids.But thereallydistressingfeatureofallthis businessisthetacitacceptancethat large-scaleunemploymentwillbeanormalelementofsociallifeinthepostwar,asithasbeeninthepre-war years.This,morethananythingelse. underlinesthefundamentalbankruptcyofourpoliticiansregardinganythinginthewayofradicalsocialreform.Alreadytheyareproviding againsttheevildayswhentheheartbreakoftheworklessandthehumiliationofthedolewillreturn.

Theargumentsagainsttheprotected spateofsocialservicesaremanifold.

Firstlytheyareshabbysubstitutes forgenuinereformwhichwouldgive themassofthepeopletrueeconomic liberty,security,andindependence, andtotheState,stability.Secondly, theirpurposeisalastdesperateplunge tostaveoffthecrashofthetottering capitalistsystem-politicalaswellas economic.Thirdly,theywillnecessarilyfailintheirintentbecausethey canonlybeprovidedbyamaintenanceoftaxationatthewar-timerate (orgreater),andthisthepeoplewill nottolerate.Fourthly,wehavehad asufficientexperienceofGovernment

For"TheRecord."

"services"tobefranklyscepticalcf theefficiencyoreconomyofanymore.Fifthly,andperhapsmostimportantly, theadministrationofsuchserviceswillincreasethebureaucraticcontrolof Australiawhichisalreadyadvancedto amostdepressingextent.

1IN6. Civilservants,StateandCommon- wealth,atpresentrepresentsomething like17percent.oftheworkingpopu- lation.They,andnotthepoliticians,aretherealadministratorsofthecountry.

ItisnottheMinistersofStatewho s.orkoutandapplythedetailofgov- ernmentalpolicy,buttheCivilService. iheirimportanceaslegislatorsisincreasing.Itisbecomingincreasingly customaryforgovernmenttobring clown"skeleton"bills,thatis,bills whichdulittlemorethanprovidea machinerytomakeregulationscon- cerningthesubjectmatter.Now, theseregulationsareusuallymadeby theCivilService,andthemostcommonprovisioninsuchaskeletonis thatthe"Regulationsshallbecome lawunlessdisallowedbytheHouse" withinacertaintimeoftheirpromul- gation.Inthisway,eachyear,hun- dredsofregulationsbecomelaw,and themassofthemissoconfusingthat theaveragememberofParliamenthas littlehopeofkeepingupwitht'em. Manyregulationsmust,andinfactdo, becomelawwi'houttheadVertenceof manypoliticians.

NoristhistheonlyorchiefsignificanceoftheService.IntheStates theyhavebecomeanelectoralfactor "ofincalculabletonnage,andnopoli- ticiandarebeindifferenttotheirinterests."AddtothisthattheCivil Servantistheoneclassinthenation thatenjoyssocialsecurity.Heis entrenchedwiththeconfidenceofa vestedinterest.Hecannotbedismissedexceptforverygravemisconduct.Furthermorehisirresponsibilityisevergrowing,forthoughintheorytheMinisterinchargeofadepart. mentrunstheroost,inpracticaleffect hehasnoreallyefficientmethodof compellingobediencetohiscommands.

Hehasnohope,forinstance,ofcopingwiththatmostvexatiousandcommonformofinsubordinationknownas "shelving."

Ifallthisbetrueofthepresent,an increaseofsocialserviceswithitsconsequentswellingoftheranksofthe CivilServiceisquiteunthinkable.Our chiefcriticismoftotalitarianismhas beenthatthepartyistheState.Havingfoughtthatevilabroad,itseems quiteprobable,andiscertainly',he currenttrend,thatwewillbepresent- edwiththatidenticalthingathome asa"neworder."Wearemoving swiftlytowardsadictatorshipofthe CivilService.Yetoursalvationlies, itseemstome,inanexactreversalof thattendencyandpolicy.

CHAMBERLAINTOFIVEPOPES PASSES.

Mr.JohnCharlesMatthiasOgilvieForbes,J.P.,D.L.,ofBoyndlie,Aberdeenshire,PrivyChamberlaintothe pastfivePopes,diedrecentlyatUpavon,Wilts,aged97,statesthe"Universe."

Mr.Ogilvie-Forbeswaseducatedat KebleCollege,Oxford,andAberdeen University,andenteringtheAnglican ministrywentouttoCeylonasamissionary.

Returningin1881hewasreceived intotheChurchbyCardinalNewman.

:kfr.Ogilvie-Forbeswasthesonof Prof.GeorgeOgilvie-Forbes.

HissonsincludeSirGeorgeOgilvieForbes,K.C.M.G.,andSqdn.Ldr.Neill CharlesOgilvie-Forbes,R.A.F.

NEWMANSOCIETY

ThenextmeetingoftheSocietywill beheldintheMen'sCommonRoom, University,onTuesday,August5.The lectureoftheeveningwillbegivenby Mr.C.O'Sullivan,LL.B..whowillspeak on"TheLifeandWorksofPopeLeo XIII."Thislecturewillbebothinterestingandinstructive,asitstitle shows,andmembersandfriendsare invitedtoattend.Themeetingwill commenceat8p.m.

TheAnnualRetreatformenand womenwillbeheldatthebeginning ofSeptember,andmembersarere questedtowatch"TheRecord"forfurtherinformationconcerningthem.

Adatetoremember,August15,New NorciaExCollegians'Dance,atCarlton Cafe,Perth.Prot/4dBforQ.W.O.

Thursday,July31,1931.

"THEADOLESCENTYOUNG."

Averyenjoyableentertainmentwas presentedinSt.Joseph'sHall,Subiaco, onFridaynight,July25,whentheSubiacoDramaticClubpresented"The AdolescentYoung,"afarceinoneact. Thiswasprecededbychoralnumbers byMrs.P.McCann,whodelightedtheaudiencewith"RosesofPiccady,"and asanencore"LoveWasBorn."Mr. HarryThurkleplayednumbersonhis piano-accordeon-andMissDaphnePercivalgaveaviolinrecital.Daphne recentlywonagoldmedalintheEisteddfodcompetitions.Hersister, Florence,gaveaverysweetrendering of"TheSecondMinuet,"andreceived anencore.Anoutstandingfeatureof thefirstpartoftheprogrammewere "CowboyCapers,"bytheRockyCanyonQuartette,Messrs.BertMcPartland,HarryNoonan,LeoHickey,and B.IlPatterson.Theywereappropriatelyattiredandsangpopularhill-billy numbersandperformedaspecialdance number.Theyreceivedagreatovation.Mr.W.Pattersonamusedthe audiencewithhisScotchhumourin jokesandsongsofBonnieScotland. MissKath.Donohoegaveaviolinsolo. Theaccompanisteduringtheevening wasMrs.Maschmedt.

Aftertheintervaltheone-actfarce waspresented.ThiswasthefirstpresentationbythenewlyformedDramaticClub,andshowedthatitsmembershadanunusualdegreeoftalent. Thestorycentredroundamotherwho was,;(abusyattendingtowomen's meetings-andaddressingotherson bringinguptheiradolescentsastoforgetherown.AsMrs.Johnstone,hostesstotheOrleanWomen'sClub,Miss MaryGlumtooktheprincipalhonoursofieheplay,whileMissRona Powm1/17asherdaughterFaye,played herpartwell.MissPeggyMcGovern's portrayalofNora,themaid,createda gooddealofamusement.MissPegvieHickeywasidealinherroleofSecretaryoftheClub,aswasMissMary PattersonastheantagonisticPresident oftheClub.Otherswhohelpedmake theplayasuccesswereMissesAdeleneWilliams,PatHannagan.Connie Guilfoyle,EthelwyneSanderson,Enid Carruthers,KathDonohoe,Margaret Morrow,andPatDonohoe.Mr.Bert McPartlandtookthesolemalepart asthePresident'sson.

AmongthosewhoenjoyedtheperformancewereMesdamesWorner,Taylor,Lafferty,Guilfoyle,Mannix, key,Monaghan;MissesS.Williams,B. O'Brien,Taylor,Dudley,P.Worner, A.Creed;Messrs.Creed,Worner,Guilfoyle,Mannix,Gee,Hickey,H.Noonan,B.PattersonandMcCann.

L.C.Y.CARNIVAL.

OnWednesday,July23,theParish Hall,Highgate,presentedagayappearance.ItwastheCarnivalnight fortheLeagueofCatholicYouth.The decorations,whichincludedballoons, papersunshades,streamers,lanterns andgarlandsofmulti-colouredflowers, madethesceneverygayandgavetoe carnivalatmosphere.

Duringtheeveningthereweremany noveltydances'includingluckyspot, streamer;.,etc.Thedelightfulmusic, whichwasafeatureoftheevening, was,suppliedbyMissMaryMulcahy's Orcidtra.Amongthemanydancers

OfGeneralInterest

SOCIALCALENDAR.

July31:St.Patrick'sEx-Students' Dance,CathedralHall, August1:CatholicPatrioticBall,GovernmentHouseBallroom.

August7:SocialGatheringandDance, atOddfellows'Hall,St.George's Terrace.

August9:FeteinSt.Joseph'sSchool, SouthPerth.

August13:TennisAssociationDance, StirlingSocialRooms.

August15:NewNorciaExCollegians' CabaretDance,CarltonCafe,Perth. InaidoftheC.W.O.funds.

August23:"WinterCarnival"Dance. VictoriaSquareCollege.

August27:CombinedL.C.Y.Dance, intheCathedralHall,Murray-street, Perth.

werethefollowing:MissesT.Edwards, R.LePage,E.Casey,P.Ryan,E. Dwyer,E.LeGuier,BiddyHogan, PeggyKnox,MaryClarke,Daphne Knox,MargaretEaston,Kathleen Easton,N.Ilayes,HilaryBrady,Dora Mellendorf,YvonneFermin,Marcia Vooles,GloriaVooles,JoyceWaddell, JoyceMullett,PatSlattery,PatMulcahy,PatTozer,RhodaO'Brien,Peggy Lindquist,ShirleyBurge,NellieCatchpole,JoanMarsland,Kath.Passaris, EileenTaylor,PatFogarty,LanoTrovey,EvelynPassaris,CicelySlattery, CeliaArnold,BridieCoffey,PatPreston,Kath.McLernon,RitaMcMullen; Messrs.Des.Flynn.J.O'Mara,P.Mc(7aul,T.Cogan,K.Francis,Gerard Slattery,RonFlanagan,K.Clohessy,J. Seldon,Doug.Creeper,K.Ryan,T. Davey,P.Ryan,H.Easton,M.Marshall,D.Woods,N.Fogarty,A.Hogan, H.Barry,K.McGrath,P.McMullen,B. Long.Des.Keough,N.McDavitt,E. Mulcahy,Myers(R.A.A.F.),P.Casey, PhilRyan,Des.O'Brien,ClemRyan, PatMcGinnity,andmanyothers.

PRE-WEDDINGPARTY.

Arecentpleasanteveningwasspent atthehomeofMr.andMrs.L.Bur. rowes,CanningHighway,theoccasion beingtobidMissBerniceFlemming everyhappinessonherapproaching marriagetoMr.JohnAngove.Cards andgameswereenjoyed,andaftera daintysupperwaspartakenofthe guestofhonourwaspresentedwith someveryusefullittlegifts.Among thosepresentwereMesdamesL.Burrowes,M.Punch,M.Harford,W. Flemming,senr.,H.Marriott,Maguire, F.Jones,M.MacLelland,W.Flemming,junr.,andBailey;MissesR. Lonergan,J.Harford,M.MacLelland, andMessrs.W.Flemming,McLelland, andBurrowes.

BIRTHDAYPARTY.

Averyenjoyableeveningwasspent onSaturdaylast,July26,attheresidenceofMr.P.McMullen,of802Beaufort-street,Mt.Lawley,theoccasion beingthebirthdayofhissister,Miss NoreenMcMullen.Theeveningwas takenupwithdancing,games,anda scavengerhunt,thewinnersbeingMiss M,FlanaganandMr.G.Smith.A verydaintysupperwasthenserved, andMr.P.H.McCaulproposedthe toast.Manyusefulpresentswerereceived.

Amongthosepresentwere:MissesV. Davies,J.Waddell,B.Hanley,P.Mulcahy,M.Flanagan,Y.Firmin,J.Hullitt,P.Tozer,E.leGuier,P.Slattery, K.McCaul,I.Hartley;Mesrs.P.White, K.Francis,K.Clohessy,P.McCaul,R. Flanagan,G.Slattery,P.McMullen,B. Long,A.Hogan,D.Kehoe,K.Ryan, G.Smith.

PERSONAL.

AmongthoseatpresentinSt.John ofGodHospital,Subiaco,are:Mr.Cain, ofBarker-road,Subiaco;Lieutenant CommanderJudge,ofCottesloe;Mrs. E.Kuhen,Neville-road,Claremont; Mr.A.McHarg,ofMount-street,Perth; Mr.A.J.Rutherford,ofRailwayCrescent,Queen'sPark.

Mr.J.J.Farrell,generalmanagerof theWyndhamMeatWorks,hasbeen appointedaJusticeofthePeacefor thePerthandEastKimberleyMagisterialDistricts.

Mr.SteveMaher,anOldBoyofKalgoorlieC.B.C.,whohasbeenattached totheEducationDepartmentforseveralyears,hasrisentoprominencein localmusicalcircles.Hisdancecomposition,"ModernWaltz,"wasfeaturedforsevenweeksattheEmbassy Cabaretrecently,andonSaturday eveningwasbroadcastbytheA.B.C. DanceBandatGovernmentHouse Ballroom.

V.S.C.EX-COLLEGIANS'MEETING.

TheVictoriaSquareEx-Collegians' AssociationwillholdtheirnextmeetingonMonday,August11.

Mr.C.P.Mathea,inspectingaccount- antoftheStateTreasuryandchairmanoftheWheatProductsPrices Committeesinceitcameintooperation in1938,hasbeenappointedStatePricesCommissioner.Mr.Matheajoin- edthestaffoftheAgriculturalBank asajuniorin1913.In1924hetransferredtotheAuditor-General'sDepartment,wherefrom1929to1935:leoccupiedthepositionofinspector.In 1935hejoinedtheStateTreasuryasinspectingaccountantandthreeyears laterwasappointedchairmanofthe newly-constitutedWheatProducts PricesCommittee,whichdealswith thefixationofpricesforbread,flour, branandpollardandotherwheatpro- ducts.

KOALACLUBEVENING.

Therewasagaygatheringofthe youngermembersoftheWestPerth andCathedralparishesonThursday, July24,attheOddfellows'Hall, Perth.Gamesanddancingwere theorderoftheevening.The presentationofahumoroussketch, entitled"TheSpinstersofLushe,"oy membersoftheVictoriaSquare'Old Collegians'Association,addedgreatly totheenjoymentofthosepresent.

AmongtheguestswereMesdames Keenan,McAdam,Smith,Noseda,Collopy,HallandComerford;MissesMolly O'Dwyer,EileenCollopy,LolaMcAdam, JoanO'Dea,PatriciaTully,Freda Smith,MavisHarling,MerciaMcAdam, PeggyMaslin,JeanAnderson,Ines McAdam,ReneIrwin,CicelySlattery, CourtneyHarling,G.Care,Nellie Catchpole,PatO'Dwyer,PatLynch, BerniceCraig,MavisSmith,Kathleen Yates,JeanByron,MarjorieClancy, K.Rebechi,MarySweeney,J.Brennan, JoanSt.John,M.Child,P.Prendiville, J.Shaddick,G.Caher,M.Wyndham, McKay,Forrest,Dunne:Messrs.P. Sweeney,MichaelO'Dea,C.Clarke,R. Gelle,BillAuld,P.Hinkley,J.Keating,N.Noseda,G.Harcus,B.Craig,H. Comerford,G.Boerron,A.Hall,B. Comerford,B.Collopy,K.McGrath,J. Trainer,A.Christian,J.Smith,H. Hemingway,B.Worner,F.Hayes,J. DunnandB.Brown.

AnotherofthesebrightentertainmentswillbeheldonThursday,August7,attheabovehall,anditishoped thatastilllargercrowdofyoungfolk willbethere.Thecommitteewishto thanktheladiesoftheparishwhoso kindlyprovidedthesupper.

FRENCHNUNMEMBEROFTOWN COUNCIL.

SisterJosephine,oftheSistersof CharityandChristianInstructionof Nevers,whohasdevoted43yearsof herlifetocaringforthepoorandthe sick,hasbeenappointedtotheMun;- cipalCouncilofPerigueux,chieftown oftheDordogne. Arecentlawin Francepermitswomentoserveon municipalcouncils.

SisterJosephine'sCongregationhad togiveupitsschoolsfollowingthe CombesLawsattheturnofthecentury.Sincethenithascaredforthe aged,thepoorandthesick.

St.BernadetteSourbirouswaseducatedbytheseSistersatLourdesand laterenteredtheCongregationat Nevers.

CHANGEOFDATE.

St.Joseph'sEx-Students'Retreat.

ThefirstannualRetreattobeheld undertheauspicesofSt.Joseph'sExStudents'Associationwillbeheldat theConvent,Fremantle,duringthe week-end,September6-8,whichisa weekearlierthanpreviouslyannouncedin"TheRecord."Girlswishingto participateareaskedtoringtheConvent,orthePresident,MissDorothy Tangney(F1619)beforeAugust29.

CATHOLIC

INSTRUCTIONCARDS.

TofacilitatethestudyoftheCatholicreligionbyconverts,Rev.Dr.Rumble,M.S.C.,whoinauguratedtheRadio RepliesSession,featuredin"TheRecord,"hasplannedacardsystemwhich isprovinginvaluabletobothconvert andinstructor.Aseriesof26cards, eachamasterpieceofcondensation, embracesavarietyoftopicsfromGod, Man,TheBible,toSacramentals,After DeathReceptionofConverts.

Dr.Rumblefirstintroducedthemin U.SA.,where200,000setsweresold withinthreemonthsofpublication.

Thecardsareavailableat1/6per set,orseparatelyatonepennypercard (9d.perdozen).Spinaxboundset, forinstructors,2/6.E.J.Dwyer,711 George-street,Sydney.

Magistrate:"Howcomesitthatyou daredtobreakintothisgentleman's houseinthedeadofnight?"

Prisoner:"Why,yourWorship,the othertimeyoureproachedmeforstealinginthebroaddaylight.Ain'tIto beallowedtoworkatall?"

NewNorciaEx-Collegians'Cabaret Dance,tobeheldAugust15,atCarlton Cafe,Perth,inaidofC.Wi0.

"FromCradletoGrave"

AttheannualconferenceofthePrimaryProducers'AssociationheldinPerthduringtheweekenthusiasmranhighforanallinwareffort.Itseemedtobeunderstoodthatasyetweareonly infirstgear,andconferencetookforgrantedthatthemostefficientwayofgettingintotopwasthroughathorough-goingconscription.ThusonTuesdaythreeresolutionswerepassedfavouringconscriptionofwealth,industryandmanpower.One delegate,whosewordsweregreetedwithapplause,puttheideain anutshell:"Wedon'twantanyqualificationofconscription.We wantconscriptionofeverythingfromthecradletothegrave." Couldtherebeamoreadequateconceptof"totalwar"?Taking thewordsinanothersense,couldtherebeamoregraphicphrase todescribeatonceboththepresentdeplorableconditionofthe raceandthecauseofitsplight,thatfatalshiftofemphasisfrom thecradle-tothegrave?Byapeculiarcoincidencethepresent HolyFathersoundedawarningtosocietyfouryearsago,using thesesamesymbols,anddeploring"thattheever-growingexpanse ofcemeteriesthreatenswithaninvasionofgravesalltheground leftemptybytheabsenceofcradles."Adeadlyfearhadattacked theheartofman,andevenbeforeitfoundexpressioninthepresentconflict,hewasovercomewithfatigueandthefearoflife.

Thefutureofthiscountryhangslargelyuponpopulation,the capacitytoabsorbsuitablemigrants,andtomaintainahealthy naturalincrease.Yetludicrousthoughitmayseem,withour stagnantsevenmillions,wefindcomplacencyinmeasureswhich barelytouchthefringeoftheproblem.Itmaybetruethatlast yeararecordnumberofmarriagesandthehighestannualmarriage rateeverrecordedwasshown,andthatthisweekwecanboastof havingdisbursednearlyamillionpoundsinchildendowment.The factremainsthatthesethingsaretheresultofabnormalstimulationandonlyservetocamouflageourbasictrends-thedecayof populationandourindifferencetoit.Whenwerecallthatin ourowncountryto-daythereareonehundredthousand.lesschildrenundertheageof15yearsthanthereweresevenyearsago,we mightwellcalltomindHenryLawson'spropheticbutfutileplea for"thearmyofbravesonsgrownfromthechildrenwhoshould havebeenborn!"Thatisthereasonwhy,to-day,thesonsofthe Anzacsaredriventothedesperateresortofadvocatingconscription-ameasurewhichwasdecisivelyrejectedbytheirfathers halfalife-timeago.Yettherealseatofthedifficultyisnotthe unwillingnessofmentoenlist,butthatourcountryhasbeendenudedofmanpowerbythegrowthofsocialinjusticeandinsecurityexpressingitselfinthescourgeofbirth-prevention.

* *

Sograveisthesituation,thatnormallyreasonablemen,despairingofsalvation,invokethemethodsoftotalitarianismwhich itisourprofessedwaraimtodestroy.Theyturntocompulsion andtosterncentralisedregimentation.Butonecannotcompel thesourcesoflifebyGovernmentalregulation.Forthisisa'matterofmoralsuasionwhichtheChurchalonecanhopetoaccomplish.YettheChurch'sendeavourhasmetwithnosignalsuccess,becauseinthepasttheoppressionofsocialconditionshasso concentratedmen'smindsonthestruggleforlifethatChristian andevennaturalmoralvalueshavebeenallbutstampedout.So toorderthingsanewabeginningmustbemadewithsociallife, andespeciallywiththedistributionofwealth.Foritisonlyin decenteconomicconditionswherethereisindependenceand securitytobehadthroughtheownershipofsomemodestproperty thatwemayreasonablyexpectthefamilytorevive.Andunless thisisachieved,andquickly,ourverysocietywillperish,forthere canbenogenuinesocialstabilitywhichisnotbasedonafreeand flourishingfamilylife.Itwouldbeasirrationalasastatuewithoutapedestal.

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

August1:Receivedebutantesatthe CatholicPatrioticBall.

August10:SolemnlyblessnewChurch ofSt.Patrick,Waroona.

August15:AdministertheSacrament ofConfirmationatSt.Brigid's Church,Collie.

August17:CanonicalVisitationand ConfirmationatSt.Brigid'sChurch, Bridgetown.

August24:CanonicalVisitationand ConfirmationatSt.Joseph'sChurch, Manjimup.

August31:CanonicalVisitationand ConfirmationattheChurchofthe Assumption,Donnybrook.

r' 'r

September14:Solemnlyblessnew ChapelatClontarfOrphanage,

September15:AdministertheSacramentofConfirmationatAquinas College.

September22-26:SeniorPriestsRetreat.

October3:PresideatAnnualPlain ChantFestival.

October6.10:JuniorPriests'Retreat.

October12:CanonicalVisitationand ConfirmationatSt.Patrick'sChurch, Fremantle.

October19:CanonicalVisitationand ConfirmationatSt.Joseph'sChurch, Subiaco.

VaticanInformationBureauDoesExcellentWork

Astaffof100-priestsandlaymenareatworkdailyattheVatican,seekingnewsofprisonersofwar,internees, andothersseparatedfromtheirhomes, andtransmittingthispersonalinformationtoanxiousrelativesandfriends.

TheVaticanInformationBureauis nowdealingwith3.000enquiriesaday, itwasstatedbyVaticanRadio.

Sincetheworkbegan115,000cases havebeendealtwith,andtheofficials engagedintheworkarenowbusier thanever.Theirtaskisdividedinto eightsectionsfordifferentcountries, andforEnglandtherearefivesubsidi arysections.

TheHolySeehastorelyuponits ownresourcesinoollectinginformation.Itdoesnot,VaticanRadiosays, receiveofficiallyanylistsofprisoners ofwar,andconsequentlythetaskof tracingindividualsisadifficultone.

TheHolySee'srepresentativesin belligerentcountrieshavebeenableto gathermuchinformationaboutprisonersofwarandinternees.These listsserveasabasisforfurtherenquiries.

Someoftheselistscoverthousands andeventensofthousandsofpeople.

Radioplaysalargepartinthedisseminationofnewsandenquiries,but asarulethePapalrepresentative abroadhasnomeansofreplyingby radioandmustrelyuponthepostal andtelegraphicservices.

"ThisInformationBureauisdoing excellentworkinthecauseofht1manity,"VaticanRadioobserved.

MOSTREV.DR.HEAVEY,FIRST BISHOPOFCAIRNS.

TheApostolicDelegationannounces thattheVicariateApostolicofCooktownhasbeenraisedtoaDiocese.His LordshipBishopHeavey,O.S.A.,has beenappointedfirstBishopofCairns, bywhichtitlethenewdiocesewillbe known.

TheVicariateofCooktownwascreatedin1876whenCooktownwasthe mostpopulouscentreinthenorth.it wasdesignedasamissiontotheaboriginals,andwasentrustedtopriests fromtheCollegeofSS.PeterandPaul inRome.Dr.Cani,subsequentlyfirst BishopofRockhampton,wasplacedin charge,butlittleprogresswasmade until1883,whentheVicariatewas transferredtoCairnsandgiventothe IrishAugustinianFathers.Dr.John Hutchinson,O.S.A.,wasthefirst Vicar-Apostolic,andonhisdeathhe wassucceededbyDr.JamesMurray, O.S.A.

Dr.Murraydiedin1914,andDr. Heavey,O.S.A..becamethethird Vicar-Apostolic.

US.CATHOLICSTUDENTSASK WORLDUNIONONU.S.LINES.

AFederationofnations,modelledon theUnitedStateswitheachnation keepingitsowninternalgovernment, wasadvocatedbythedelegatesata conventionoftheCatholicStudent PeaceFederationatAlbany,New York,saysNCWC. Thisinternationalunion,itwasmaintainedmustbebasedontheprinciples ofjustice,charityandtheuniversality uponwhichtheCatholicChurchinsists. CentralAuthority. Intensenationalismmustbeprevented,asthisoftendemandsthesurrenderoftheChurch'sandofman's rightsandtheCatholicChurchshould

SPAINANDVATICANAGB.ZEON APPOINTMENTOFBISHOPS.

Ithasbeenofficiallyannouncedin Madrid,statesthe"DailyTelegraph" correspondentthere,thatasatisfactory agreementhaspracticallybeelkreached betweentheVaticanandSpainconcerningmatterswhichhavebeenthesubjectofnegotiation.

Thecorrespondentadds:"Themain aspectofthenegotiationshasbeen agreementontherighttoappointSpanishArchbishopsandBishops.This willconstitutethebasisofanewconcordat.Itisnotstated,however,who willinfuturemakesuchappointments.

"UnderthemonarchytheKing madeappointmentsandtheHolySee ratifiedthem."

Sincethecivilwarwhichbeganin 1936,SpainhashadnonewBishops.

Theonlyappointmenthasbeenthat ofCardinalSegurafromToledotoSevillein1937afterhehadbeenexiled forsometime.

AmongtheseesawaitingnewOrdinariesistheprimatialseeofToledo, whoseArchbishop.CardinalGoma,died lastyear.CardinalVidal,Archbishop ofTarragona,hasbeenlivinginItaly forsomeyears.SeveralBishopswere killedinthecivilwar.

Thereasonforthedelayinappointmentsisduetotheapparentdesireof GeneralFranco'sGovernmenttohave theprivilegeofnominatingBishops. InconcordatswithItalyandPortugaltheHolySeehasmadeitclearthat itwishestodiscontinuethisprocedure.

TheLateranConcordatdeclared:

"ThechoiceofArchbishopsandBishopsbelongstotheHolySee.Before anyArchbishop,BishoporCoadjutor withtherighttosuccession-isnominated,theHolySeeshallcommunicate thenameofthechosenpersongpthe ItalianGovernment,inordertoZesure thattheGovernmenthasnoobjections ofapoliticalnatureagainstsucha person."

Thisconcordatalsoprovidedthat newBishops,beforetheirinstallation, wouldtakeanoathtorespecttheKing andGovernmentastheyareestablishedundertheconstitutionallawsofthe State.

TheconcordatwithPortugal,signed lastyear,alsoprovidedthattheHoly SeebeforeproceedingtotheappointmentofanArchbishoporBishopin Portugalwouldcommunicatethename totheGovernmenttoknowifthere wereanyobjectionofapoliticalcharacter.SilenceonthepartoftheGovernment30daysafterthecommunicationofthenameisinterpretedinthe sensethattherearenoobjections.

beusedmoreasagreatmoralforcein thesettlementofdisputes.

Thestudentswanteachnationto handoveritsinternationalaffairsto acentralauthoritywhosefirsttask wouldbetoarrangeajustandcharitablepeace.Aninternationalpolice forceisalsocalledfor.

Somelibertieswouldhavetobesurrenderedforthegoodofthewholeorganisation,itwasadmitted,and"rights orprivilegeswouldbeaccordedtoindividualnationsinsofarastheydo notoverlapthoseofthehigherorganisation."

Nationsshouldhaveonlyenough self-determinationtobenefitthecommongood.

Thestudents'discussionswerebased onthePope'sPeacePoints.

ImportantChangeinSt.Charlet?&binaryProject

BeautifulGuildford PropertyAcquired

Forsometimepastthefinancialaspectoftheschemefor theopeningofaProvincialSeminaryforWesternAustralia inPerthnextyear,hasbeengivingeverincreasingworryto thoseresponsibleforitsestablishment.Theoriginalestimates, eventhoughtheyallowedforconsiderableincreasesinprices, duetowar-timeconditions,wereexceededsofantastically, whententativetenderswerecalled,thattocontinuewiththe originalprojectwouldhavebeenfarbeyondourbudgetedresources,andwouldhaveplacedanunbearableburdenuponthe CatholicpeopleofWesternAustralia.Nowitseemsthat, trulyprovidentially,ourfinancialdifficulties,forthetimebeing atleast,havebeensatisfactorilyovercome.

THEpropertyatGuildford, knownas"GardenHill." anduntilrecentlytheresidenceofW.Padbury,Esq.,has beenacquired.Itconsistsofa spaciousresidencecontaining thirteenlargerooms,amagnifi centkallroom,aboat-houseon theriver,besidesampleout-house facilitiesandbeautifullykept grounds,includingtenniscourts andplayingareas,togetherwith anoriiardandvineyard.

1hepropertywillbeeasily adaptable,atnolargecost,tothe requirementsofaSeminaryin themostidealofsuroundings.Tts outstandingpracticaladvantage liesinthefactthatitwillbecomparativelyeasynowtok,.!ep withinhelimitsoftheoriginai estimatesforwhichprovisionhas alreadybeenmade.Alsothe

EnclosedWeek-end Retreats

PASTPUPILS'ASSOCIATIONS MAKEARRANGEMENTS.

Arrangementsarewellinhandfor theannualweek-endRetreatsforthe membersofthefollowingAssociations: 'OldIonians."

Aweek-endRetreatwillbeconductedbyaRedemptoristFatheratPresentationConvent,"Iona,"fromSaturday,August23,toMonday,August 25.Acordialinvitationisextended toallpastpupils.Intendingretreatantsshouldcommunicatewithanyof thefollowingbeforeFriday,August 15:Rev.VeberSuperior,"Iona."Tel, F2012. Miiyillolmes,President,"OldIonians. TeX,B7798.

MissM.Leunig,Secretary,14Goldsworthy-road,Claremont. LoretoConvent,"Osborne,"PastPupils' Association.

Aweek-endRetreatforthemembers oftheaboveAssociationwillbeconductedatLoretoConvent,'Osborne," fromSeptember6toSeptember8.IntendingretreatantsshouldcommunicatewithRev,MotherSuperior,LoretoConvent,"Osborne"(Tel.F2135), beforeAugust30. St.Joseph'sConvent,Fremantle,Past Pupils'Association.

Thefirstweek-endinSeptember(6th8th)isthenewdatefortheRetreat formembersoftheaboveAssociation, whichwillbeconductedbyanOblate Father.Intendingretreatantsshould communicatewithRev.MotherSupPrior,St,Joseph'sConvent,Fremantle (Tel.L2135),orMissD.Tangney F1619),beforeAugust29. St.Brigid's(WestPerthandLesmurdie)OldGirls'Association. TheRetreatformembersoftheabove Associationwillbeheldinthefirst weekofOctober,fromSaturday,5thMonday.7th.Intendingretreatants shouldcommunicatewithMrs.P.Giles .(Tel.B1779),407Cambridge-street, Wembley;MissR.Hagen.212Charlesstreet,NorthPerth(B1176);orMrs.T. Brown,299Charles-street,NorthPerth (Tel.B8911).

SacredHeartHighSchool,Highgate Hill,PastPupils'Association. Aweek-endRetreatforasembersof theaboveAssociationwilt6eHeldat SacredHeartHighSchool,Highgate Hill,onadatetobefixed.

difficultynowexperiencedin findingsuitablelabourandmaterialswillbesolvedeffectively.

Theoriginalsiteacquiredfor theSeminaryatAttadalewillremainatthedisposaloftheBishopsoftheWesternAustralian Province,andatsomefuture date,whentimesandconditions permit,theSeminarycanbe movedthere.Whenthetime fortheremovalcomes,theGuildfordpropertywillbetransformed intosomeotherinstitution, theSeminaryfundsusedforits purchaseandimprovements naturallybeingrecoupedforthe continuationoftheoriginalprojectatAttadale.

Thisannouncementwillno doubtbewellreceivedbyCatholicpeoplethroughouttheState, whoaremostanxiousthataSeminaryshouldbeestablished,providedthattheresultantfinancial burdenisnotbeyondtheir capacity.

Theworkofrenovatingthe buildingsandofmakingthe necessaryalterationswillbeproceededwithimmediately,under thearchitecturaldirectionofMr. E.leB.Henderson.

FREDW.BURKE, DENTALSURGEON, hasremovedhissurgeryfromA.M.P. BuildingstoMercantileMutualBuildings,St.George'sTerrace,opposite KingStreet.

CENTRALCATHOLICLIBRARY

£210s. AllRoundReduction. Appreciatingthefactthatpeople havesomanyextrademandsmadeon theirpursesthesedays,andbeing anxioustogiveCatholicswholesome readingmatteratthelowestpossible rates,thecommitteecontrollingthe CentralCatholicLibraryhasrevised thesubscriptionrateswiththehope thatmanymorewillbecomemembers, andthattheLibrarywillexpandand prosperasaresultofthenewpolicy. Henceyouareurgedtojoin,anddo yourbittowardstheconsolidationof aninstitutionwhichisanecessityin aCatholiccommunitywhichisalive toitsowninterests.

EncouragingResponse. Duringthepastmonthaveryenergeticcommitteehasmadeendeavours tointeresttheirfriendsandacquaint. ancesintheLibrary.Althoughthe canvasshasnotbeenanextensiveone. theresponseisindeedencouraging. Shouldyoubeapproached,consider theassistanceyouwillgivebyhelping inapracticalwaythroughbecominga subscriber.TheCentralCatholicLibraryisnotsolelyareferencelibrary fullofbooksonreligioussubjects,but hasawiderangeoffictionandbooks ofasimilarnature.Theaimisnot tomakeprofits,buttosupplythebest possiblereadingcommensuratewith availablefunds.

TheCatholicWelfareOrganisationis sponsoringaRollofHonour,bearing thenamesofCatholicWarCasualties. Thenameswillappearin"TheRecord" andtheorganisationwillarrangefor

ofMassesfor allthoseonthelist.

Relativesofanymembersofthe forceswhohavesufferedcasualtiesare

invitedtofillinthefollowingformand tosenditto"TheRecord,"450Haystreet,Perth(eventhoughthename mayhaveappearedbeforeinanyof ourcolumns).

Namesreceivedwillbeaddedtothe listandwillappearastheycometo hand.

FOROURROLLOFHONOUR

NAME

PARENTS(initialsalso)

IFMARRIED,WIFE'SNAME

PARISH

EDUCATELAT

OCCUPATIONINCIVILLIFE

BRANCHESOFFORCESANDRANK

DATEANDNATUREOFCASUALTY

DEATH.

GAMBLE-MRS.W.GAMBLE(nee

EttieDunn).-OnJuly25,1941,at Sydney,Ettie,beloveddaughterof Mrs.M.andthelateMr.MarkDunn, sisterofMaria(Mrs.W.Kortbosky), Mark,Hugh,KathleenEllen.

MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul.

INMEMORIAM.

BOGUE.-Infondandlovingmemory ofourdarlinggrandsonandnephew, MauriceJoseph('Maurie"),who diedonJuly29,1940. Eternalrestgrantuntohim,0Lord, andletperpetuallightshineupon him.R.I.P. Alwaysrememberedbyhissorrowing GrandmaBogue,AuntiesMargaretand Monica,andUnclesTom,Gerryand Stan.

CULLINANE.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulofCyril Joseph,ourdearlybelovedson,husbandandbrother,whodiedAugust 3,1940. MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

-Insertedbyhislovingmother,wife, brothersandsisters.

HOARE.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thereposeofthesoulsofJohn,who diedAugust4,1927,andMichael,who diedJuly30,1938. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy ontheirsouls. -Insertedbyhislovingwifeand motherandN.Hoare.

LYNCH,-Ofyourcharity,prayforthe reposeofthesoulofMrs.Brigid TeresaLynch,whodiedJuly28.1938. MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul.

MIOORE.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thereposeofthesoulsofJohnand DeliaMoore,whodiedonAugust3, 1925,andJune22,1931,respectively. Alsotheireldestson,AndrewPatrick,diedOctober20,1940. SweetJesus,havemercyontheir souls.

QUARANTORE

AUGUST.

Sunday.

1st.MosmanPark:OneDayof Exposition.

2nd.St.FrancisXavier:One DayofExposition.

3rd.VictoriaPark:FortyHours' Prayer(15th.-17th.).

4th.Fremantle:FortyHours Prayer(22nd.-24th.).

5th.St.Mary's,Kalgoorlie: FortyHours'Prayer(29th31st.).

Sunday.

SEPTEMBER.

1st.Cottesloe:FortyHours' Prayer(5th.-7th.).

FEDERAL-STATE TAXATIONRETURNS

FINAL

HA.C.B.S.

It.Anthony'sBranch,Midland Junction.

Bro.M.O'Loughlinpresidedovera verywellattendedmeetingonMonday night,whenitwashispleasantduty toextendawarmwelcometothevisitingmembersoftheDistrictBoard.The GrandPresidentinitiatedtwonew members,Bros.BrianMcKenzieand DixieBrennan.

Inrespondingtothewelcome,Bro. Hansoncongratulatedthebranchon theexcellentattendanceandonthe acquisitionoftwonewmembers.He exhortedallmemberstokeepuptheir attendanceatquarterlyandannual Communions,andtoattendtheRetreatandtheAquinasProcession.He tooktheopportunityofintroducing thenewmemberoftheDistrictBoard, Sr.M.O'Connor.

Bro.Willett,GrandVice-President, andBro.Edwards,GrandSecretary,andSisterWilliamsonalsospoke.

Rev.FatherMcCormacktoldofthe valuablehelpgiventohimandtothe parishbythemembersofSt.Anthony'sBranch,andwishedthem everysuccess.

Rt.Joachim'sBranch.

Bro.II.TorrenspresidedatthemeetingheldonJuly21.Wearesorryto saythatBro.F.Lewishastakenill againandwishhimaspeedyrecovery. WearepleasedtosaythatBro.M. Featherstonehasrecoveredfromhis seriousillnessandhasreturnedto work.Bro.EddieCorryhasreturned homeafterseveralmonthsspentin hospital.Sr.M.Symonds'clearance toBunburybranchwasgrantedwith deepestregret.Thenextmeetingis onAugust4.

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

Pr"RON."

ShieldCompetition.

Onceagainrainhasinterferedwith thecontroloftheinter-clubshield competition;matchessetdownforlast againbeingpostponed. Conditions,however,werebetteron theSunday,andthemajorityofthe men'sengagementswerecompleted. Competitorsshouldnotethattheround offixturessetdownforSaturday,June 28(AandCGrades)willbeplayed nextSaturday,August2,andthemen's matchesnotcommencedlastSunday willbeplayedonSunday,August3. Atthecompletionofthisroundapremiershiplistwillbepublishedin"The Record."

SocialCommittee.

Allmembersoftheabovecommittee arerequestedtoattendthemeetingto heheldatBactonHouseonFriday, August8.Atthisassemblyarrange. mentswillbefinalisedrethemonster dancescheduledforAugust13.

Thoseinterestedinthenewlyformed dramaticclubarealsoinformedthat attheconclusionofthesocialmeeting agatheringoftheclubwilltakeplace, atwhichwillbeheldtheelectionof thevariouscommittees,etc. Thereforeitwillbeseenthatnext Fridayisanimportantdayfortne W.A.C.L.T.A.,anditishopedthata largeattendanceofmetropolitanmemberswillbepresentatBactonHouse.

St.Thomas'Club.

St.Thomas'TennisClub,Claremont, willholditsfirstdanceinSt.Thomas' Hall,Reserve-street,Claremont,onSaturday,August9,whenitishopedthat alargecrowdofyoungpeoplewillrally roundthecommitteeinitseffortto providealong-feltneedintheparish. Acordialinvitationisextendedtoall membersofneighbouringparishesto attend.Therewillbegoodmusic,an excellentsupper,andagoodtimeis promisedtoall.

COLLIE

SundayMasses. St.Brigid's,Collie:7.30a.m.and10 a.m.

TOODYAY

MASSTIMETABLE,

August3:Toodyay,8ain.;Jennacubbine,10a.m.

August10:Chidlow,8a.m.;Mundaring,9.30a.m.

August15(FeastoftheAssumption):Toodyay,8a.m.

August17:Jennacubbine,8.30a.m.: Toodyay,10a.m.

August24:Clackline,8.30a.m.: Toodyay,10a.m.

August31:Wongamine,8.30a.m.: Toodyay,10a.m.

CATHOLIC WOMEN'SLEAGUE

Meetings.

TheexecutivewillmeetonMonday, August4,at2.30p.m.Thegeneral meetingwillbeheldonWednesday, August13,at8p.m.Bothmeetings willtakeplaceintheLeagueRooms.

Soldiers'Canteen.

OnThursday,August7,members willbeinchargeoftheBarrack-street Buffet.

SewingCircle.

ThesewingcirclemeetseveryTuesdayat2p.m.Manygarmentshave beencutoutandarewaitingtobe machined.Willmemberswhohave timepleasevolunteertotakesewing home,asitisnecessarytohavethe workcompletedquickly.Itishoped inthenearfuturetosendagoodparcelofclothingtoLondontoMrs. Troy,fordistributionamongtheairraidvictoms.Materialsareurgently needed.

Personal.

TheexecutiveregretthatbothMesdamesMartinandBrennanareinhospital,andhopethattheywillsoonrecover.

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

Thelastmeetingofthebranchwas wellattended,andthreenewmembers wereenrolled.Muchimportantbusinesswastransacted.ThenextmeetingwillbeheldonMonday,August4, at8p.m.,thesocialitemfortheeveningbeing"QuestionBox."

HARVEY

OnAugust10,thenewChurchofSt. Patrick,Waroona,willbeopenedat3 p.m.byHisGracetheArchbishop.His GracewillcelebrateMassinthenew churchat9a.m.thatmorning,at whichtherewillbeageneralHoly Communion.

MASSTIMETABLE.

August3:Waroona,8.30a.m.(ConfessionsonSaturdayeveningfrom730 to9p.m.)Devotionsat7.30p.m., onSunday,August3.

August10:Yarloop,8.30a.m.;Harvey,10a.m.

August17:Harvey,8a.m.;Waroona, 10a.m.

August24:Harvey,8a.m.;Yarloop, 10a.m.

August31:Waroona,8.30a.m.(ConfesisonsonSaturdayeveningatthe usualtime.)Harvey,10a.m.

T.VIVIAN, 143Rokeby-road,Subiaco.W1539. FORSEWERAGECONNECTIONS, W1539.

BadWaterPressure,BrokenPedestalPans,BlockedSewerDrains,CisternandRoofRepairs,T.V.Model BathHeater.

CLAREMONTRADIOAND ELECTRICALSERVICE, 118STIRLINGHIGHWAY, CLAREMONT.

'PhoneF3068. INSTALLATIONANDREPAIRSTO ANYTHINGELECTRICAL.

RADIOSALES-CASH011,-TtRMS. IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 114111FMS4

.1)}1,.ne115524.

INMEMORYOFST.FRANCIS

FrancisandtheLepers

FOUNDINGOFTHEFIRSTORDER

FREEwiththetruefreedom,that ofthechildrenofGod,Francis soughtthemostsolitaryplaces wherehecouldbesthearthevoiceof hisBeloved;traversedthewoodsand mountainssituatedtothenorthofAssisi,and,undertheactionofthe divinefirethatinflamedhimoften sang.Itwasbeautifultohearhim alternateFrenchcanticleswiththe holyKingDavid'scryofgratitude: "Thouhastbrokenmybondsinsunder;IwillofferuntoTheethesacrificeofpraise,andwillcalluponthe nameoftheLord."

Althoughleprosymayhavealmost entirelydisappearedinourdays,still itwillnotbewithoutinteresttoknow thatitwasintheMiddleAgesamong Christianpeoples.Thathideousmaladythenassumedadoublecharacter; itwasatoncecontagiousandsacred -sacredonaccountofthesymbolical partitplaysintheOldandNewTestaments.HasnotIsaiasrepresented thefutureMessiahasaleperstricken ofGodandhumiliated?Andhadnot theMessiahHimselfduringhismortallifethegreatestcompassionforthe lepers?Dreadandveneration,such arethesentimentstheyinspiredin thoseagesoffaith.

TheBishopswerespeciallycharged withthem,andhadtoprovidefortheir wants.)Thefaithful,recognisingin then'''''AckonesofthegoodGod," neverpassedwithoutdroppingacoin intotheirwoodenbowl,andrecommendingthemselvestotheirprayers. Noble,pure-heroicsoulslovedtoconsecratethemselvestotheirservice,and Godmultipliedmiraclestofosterthis devotion.Nevertheless,howeverpopularitwasatthetimeoftheCrusades, Francis,beforehisconversion,experi-

NewNorciaEx-Collegians'Dance,in aidofC.W.O.,atCarltonCafe,Perth, August15

encedaninvinciblerepugnancetothe lepers,theverysightofwhomhorrified him.NothingcouldbemoreadmirablethanalwayOurLordundertakes tocorrectandinstructhimandhow Heendsbyestablishingthereignof graceontheruinsofnature.

Ashewasridingovertheplainthat extendsbelowAssisi,heperceiveda leperadvancingtowardshim.Hehad agreatstrugglewithhimselfatthis unexpectedencounter.Hisfirstthought wastogoback;but,quicklyreverting totheprojectsofperfection,hewas alreadyentertainingandremembering thatthemostgloriousanddifficultof conquestsisself-conquest,heover-

For"TheRecord,"byC.McD. comeshisdisgust,alightsfromhis horse,approachesthepoorleper,and, kissinghishand,dropsacoinintoit. Then,remounting,helooksaroundfor thestrickenoneofthegoodGod,but invain;hefindshimselfaloneinthe midstoftheimmenseplain.

Atender,heoricdevotiontothe lepers,suchisthedistinctivecharacteristicofFrancis'sconversion;hewill preserveitallhislifeandextenditto hiswholeOrder.Letussayatonce hisexamplewillspreadbeyondthe gratedcloisterandthelimitsofUmbria,willdiffuseitselffaroff,likea sweet-scentedperfume,andreanimate fervoureveninthemidstoftheworld. Alegionofheroicsoulswillfollowin hisfootsteps,andwewillseetheLouis IXofFrance,HenryIIIofEngland, ElizabethofHungary,AngelaofFoligno,CatherineofSiena,treadthe samepath,and,likehim,esteemitan honourtotend"thesickonesofthe goodGod."

THEFIRSTFRANCISCANS. Therearetwothingsinthedivine orderthataddanunparalledrayof grandeurtothebrowofman-the gloryoftheapostolate,andthatof beingfounderofanOrder.Happy thesoulswhomGodmarksoutforthe respectandvenerationofpeoplesby oneorotherofthoseexcellentgifts!

Now,St.Francishastherareprivilege ofcrowninghimselfwithboththeseincomparableglories;andweshallsee resplendentinhimalltheself-devotionofanapostleandallthecreative energyofthefounder hegathered aroundhimtwelvedisciples,who,like thedisciplesoftheDivineMaster, werethecolumnsoftheFranciscanedifice.

ItwasthegloryofAssisitohave furnishedFranciswithhisfirstcompanions.AttheirheadappearsBernardofQuintavelle,alearnedandprudentman-scionofoneofthenoblest andrichestfamiliesofthatcity,where heenjoyedgreatauthority.

Itisnecessaryatthispointtomake abreakinthecontinuityofthestory astoldbyFatherCherance,inorder tointroducebrieflythemenwhobecamethefirstFranciscans.Significant isthefactthatthisfirstbandnumberedtwelve.ChristchoseHisfirst twelvefromthepoorestfishermen,but strangelyenough,themenwhofollowedFranciswere,withafewexceptions,noblemenandmenofwealth andlearning.Inmanyrespects,however,theyboreanincredibleresemblancetotheFirstTwelve,even,unhappily,tothetreasonofaJudas.

Strangemusthavebeentheeffect onthemultitudesasthefirstFranciscansappearedinthecitiesandon thehillsides,wearinggreysmocks, whitecordsandcarryingthestaffof thepilgrim.Theytrampedlongdistances,beggingtheirfoodandpreachingthenewwayoflifeandreceiving atthesametimebothinsultandadmiration.Buttheywereahappylot. Francis,withhisinimitablehumour, hadnicknamesforthemall.Even whenexpellingalazynoviceatone timehewittilyreferredtohimas "BrotherFly.'Himselfhecalled "BrotherAss."Gileswas"TheKnight oftheRoundTable"andPeterwas "LordPeter."Frequentlywhilethey wereallsinging,Franciswouldplay animaginaryinstrumentwithtwo sticks.

BernardofQuintavalle,awealthy noblemanofAssisi,wasthefirstman tosellhisgoods,distributethemoney tothepoorandfollowFrancis.Francisalwayscalledhimhis"first-born." ThenquicklyfollowedPeterofCataneo, BEWARNED.

Bewarnedingoodtime.TheNo. 92CharitiesConsultationwillbeclosingsoon,andifyouhaven'tgotyour ticketsyou'llbeleftoutofachance towin£6,000.Everytickethasan equal chance.

SOUTHAUSTRALIANMINOR SEMINARY

FOUNDATIONSTONEOFST. FRANCISXAVIER'SLAID.

AVERYlargecrowd,estimatedat 6,000,witnessedtheceremonyof theblessingandplacingofthe foundationstoneofthenewMinor SeminaryfortheAdelaideandPort AugustaDioceses,onSunday.The siteisontheMorialtaRoad,nearRostevorCollege,andthecostofbuilding andequipmentwillbe£20,000.

TheblessingwasperformedbyHis GraceArchbishopBedvich,andthe 11:,hopofPortAugusta(MostRev.T. McCabe)assistedinplacingthestone inposition,TheRector(VeryRev.A. G.Johnston),well-knowninthisState, presided.The"VeniCreator"and "SalveRegina"weresunginGregorian ChantbythechoirofC.B.C.,RostrevonTwothousandHolyNamemen formedaguardofhonour.

Attheconclusionofthereligious function,theArchbishopandBishop addressedthegathering,andRt.Rev. Mgr.Clune,V.G.,ofPortPink,made theappeal,towhichtherewasasplendidresponse.Thevoteofthankswas proposedbytheVicarGeneralofAdelaide(Rt.Rev.Mgr.M.Hourigan),and wassupportedbyMessrs.Gunsonand Travers,onbehalfofthelaity.

AspecialmessagefromRomewas readfortheoccasionandthePapal Blessinggiven.

amanofgreatlearning,wholaterbecamethefirstVicar-Generalofthe Order;thehandsomeandeloquent Masseo,thefamousBro.Juniper,"hero ofahundreddeeds,assoft-headedas theywerelarge-hearted,"andthebelovedBro.Leo,towhomweowegrati- tudeforthemessagesofFrancis.A shylittlepriest,butanablepenman, hewasthe"Secretary"oftheOrder, andto-dayinAssisihisfadedbutlegiblewritingscanstillbeseen.John ofCapella,thesixthtojoin,became theFranciscanJudas.FriarWilliam, anEnglishman,tooktheplaceofJohn justasMatthiastooktheplaceof Judasofold.Hereisthetragedyof JohnastoldbyFatherCherance: "Chargedwiththedutyofdistributingthealmstothebrethren,hegradu- allybecameattachedtotemporalgods, acquiredworldlytastes,andlostthe spiritofprayerandpoverty.Invain theSeraphicFatherwarnedhimofthe perilhissoulwasincurring;invain hetried,sometimesbypaternalexhortations,sometimesbysharpreprimands,toleadhimbacktotheway ofabnegation. Johnonlyhearkenedtothevoiceofpassion.Then,accordingtothepredictionoftheman ofGod,thedivinejusticeflashedforth, justandterrible.Afrightfulleprosy coveredthewholebodyoftheguilty man,torturinghimdayandnight.He hadnotthecouragetobearthistrial, threwofftheholyhabitofpenance, returnedtotheworldand,givingway todespair,hangedhimselflikeJudas. Itwasintheyear1212.Oneofthe foundationstoneshadtumbledinto theabyss.Francis,theninRome,was overwhelmedwithgriefwhenheheard thissadnews;liketheoldPatriarch Jacob,hewouldnotbeconsoled.His companionsdarednotspeaktohimwhenanewpostulantknockedathis door:itwasasonfromdistantEngland.HisentranceintotheOrder coincidedtoowellwiththeapostasy ofJohnofCapellanottoseeinitthe lovingcareofProvidence."

(Nextweek:FrancisBeforeLutes centM.BrotherLeo.)

SAVEMONEYonStoves,CoppersBaths,BathHeaters,andrepairstoaL Stoves.W.A.STOVECOY.,cornet WellingtonandQueenStreets,Perth. 1.11.101=14010111114M4411101=104=1011=011111

WM.R.SWEENEY

PURVEYOROFHIGHCLASS MEATS. Phone:F2391.

91SHENTONROAD, SWANBOURNE.

DailyDeliveryNedlandsto Cottesloe. PersonalService.

A.F.CLARKE--F2483

LIC."A"GRADEELECTRICIAN.

17LILLIANSTREET,COTTESLOE. WHENINTHEDARK-RINGFOR CLARKE.

RANDOLPHKNAPP

M.O.O.A.,N.S.W. OPTOMETRIST.

12ATWELLARCADE, FREMANTLE.

KeoughsforCatering

AnyNumber,Place,orTime. ThreeReceptionRoom.forHire. OnHireCrocke-Cutleryand Glassware,etc. PhoneB1724. GLADKEOUGH.

NEWCASTLESTREET,PERTH.

J.F.CAIN

17STIRLINGHIGHWAY, COTTESLOE.

'PhoneF2121,DayorNight. LICENSEDSANITARYPLUMBER, IRONWORKER,SHEETMETAL WORKER.

NORTHAM.

E.0.TRESISE, M.P.S.,S.A.andW.A. MANUFACTURINGAND DISPENSINGCHEMIST. ForServiceandQuality. Tel.:61Northam.

ALBANY.

H.C.PriorFuneralDirector

ALBANY(Established1921). PrivateMortuary.MotorVehicles, ChargesModerate. 'Phone215. Albany,Mt.Barker,Denmarkand Districts,

BUNBURY.

R.HANCOCK&SONS

LIMITED MONUMENTALSCULPTORS. ImportersandManufacturersof Monuments,HeadStones,Church TabletsandGraveRailings.

13SPENCERST.,BUNBURY.

LANDandESTATEAGENT

G.H.TEEDE

'Phone31 Private267. SMITH'SBUILDINGS, WELLINGTONST.,BUNBURY. Businesses,Farms,Houses,Land ForSale.

FatherOdoSays1%zisrn WillDiewithHitler

AFEWmonthsagetherewasa gooddealinthepapersabout anallegedmissiontotheUnited StatesofFatherOdo,thePrinceof Wurtemberg,whoisaBenedictine monk,toundertakereligiouspropagandathereonbehalfofHitler.

AccordingtoFatherOdo'sownaccountofhimself,sofarfrombeingHitler'sagent,heonlyescapedfromGermanywithhislifebecauseoftheaccidentthataNaziofficer,whohadservedunderhiminthelastwar,hadseen hisnameonthelistofthoseprescribed forexecution,andthereforehastily hadhimdeportedoutofthecountry.

Odo,iihoisnowDirectorof theInternationalCatholicHelpforRefugees,hasgivenanumberofinterestingfactsaboutwarrefugees,reprinted in"TheTablet."

Hecomputesthetotalnumberofrefugeesongroundsofrace,faith,and politicalopinionsatapproximately 18,500,000.DomOdodiscussedthe variousplansthatwereproposedand thatfailedforvariousreasons.Many Statesofferedtoreceiverefugeesin limitednumbers,butnoneofthese offersmaterialised."Myexperiencein theselastsevenyearswiththeSouth AmericanGovernments,"saidFather Odo,"isthattheypromiseeverything andholdtonothing."

Ofhisownplanhesaid:"Icome backtoaplanwhichIsubmittedtwo yearsagoinLondontoQueenMary, forasolutionofthewholerefugeeproplem.Itistheplanforsettlements inAustralia.QueenMaryandher secretcounsel,LordBaldwin,the formerPrimeMinisterofEngland,favouredit,butthelatePrimeMinister Chamberlainturneditdown,forfearof givinganexcusetotheGermansfor claimingAustraliaasaGermancolony. ButnowIseethatthecircumstances aremuchmorefavourable.TheAustralianGovernmentisfearfulofthe impendingthreatsofaJapaneseinvasionofAustralia.Thiscountry, whichislargerthantheU.S.,hasonly 13,000,000!)inhabitants.Thereis plentyofroomforrefugees.whowould bearampartofprotectionagainst suchadanger."

Hegaveindetailthestepsofthe schemewithregardtochildrenand adults.liewouldsettlethechildren intheVirginIslands,andtheolder peopleinMadeira,asintermediatestations,priortosettlementandagriculturaltraininginAustralia.

Recentlyatapublicquestioningat St.Mary's,Baltimore,U.S.A.,Father ,Odogavetheseinterestingreplies:0DidnotHitlerpreservetheGer-

FreshMilkDaily

S.J.WADE

TRALEEDAIRY. 120FOURTHAVENUE, MT.LAWLEY. 'Phone:U2532. #044,411.4,M0.4.0.0.00......041,0000000.4

RacingSelections

CANNINGPARKRACES,AT GOODWOOD.

Saturday,August2,1941. (BeforeAcceptances.)

SprintHandicap(1):Momalong,1; Aon,2;Fraction,3.

SprintHandicap(2):Bonori,1; LadyBerger,2;Lympian,3.

WelterHandicap:Dawnlist,1;Mylopia,2;Imaking,3. MaidenHandicap:Oredanus,1; MaoriLass,2;Sansfoy,3.

Hunters'Handicap:Claroic,1;Black amoor,2;Verilate,3. CanningHandicap:1YLoorianty,1; WestWind,2;BonneFoi,3.

TrottingSelections

GLOUCESTERPARK.

CarnivalRaces.

Atthe-.HorsesinAction"carnival atGloucesterParkonSaturdaynight therewillbethreeordinaryhandicap races.Acceptanceswillbetakenat scale.Selectionsforthethreeevents

areasfollows: FreybergHandicap:RchdaLou,1; WeeTaraire,2;iCavanChief,3. BlarneyHandicap:MasterWhips,1; BlackElla,2;WorthyShasu,3. WavellHandicap:EmeraldPride,1; LostChoice,2;RedBay,3.

TheOblatesofMaryImmaculate

Contributed.1

mannationfromtheingressofCommunism?

A.ThestorythatHitlersavedGermanyfromtheRedsisfalse,foratthe timeofhisrisetopowertheRedsdid notconstitutearealthreatinGermany.

Q.WhatistheattitudeoftheGermanpeopletowardstheFuhrer?

A.Hitlerispopularlyregardedasan inevitableconsequenceoftheinjustice ofVersailles.ThePrussiansapprove ofhisleadershipandhispolicies.Of theothers,wemightdividethefactions thus:15percentfavourHitler;30per centsupporthiscausesolelyforselfish reasons;55percentaredefinitelyopposedtohim.Despitetheirnumericalmajority,however,theselastcan donothingatpresent.TheGestapois controlledbyHitler,andtheGestapo hasthemachineguns.

Q.IthasbeenauthoritativelywrittenthattheGermanpeoplewerepreparedforHitlerbytheirmilitarismof thepasthundredyears;isthistrue?

A.OnlyofthePrussians.Whatever supporttheymayhavereceivedfrom thesouthernGermansresultedfrom theirsuppressionofthesepeoples,not fromthepeoples'conviction.

Q.InwhatregarddotheItalians holdHitler?

A.Thisisoneofthestrangestalliancesofallhistory.TheGermans ridiculetheItalians'militarymachine, andtheItalianshateHitlerandhis people.

Q.Whoistoblameforthewar?

A.Hitler,certainly.

Q.IstheGermannationconfidentof victory?

A.Hitlerisveryconfident,butthe peoplearequitesceptical.TheyenjoyedhighhopesthatthefallofParis wouldmarktheendofhostilitiesand anAlliedsurrender.ThedeterminationofBritaintocarryondespitethe Frenchcapitulationhasalarmedthem.

Q.WhatareHitler'splansforadefeatedEngland?

A.ThedestructionoftheEmpireand theappropriationofthecolonies.In hisDecember15th.addresstohisofficers.Hitlerannounceddefiantlythat Englandmustbedestroyed.

Q.WouldthedeathofHitlereffect anygreatchangeinGermany,oris thereanotherreadytofallheirtohis positionandhispolicies?

A.Itisgenerallybelievedthatthe movementwilldiewithHitler.Goebbels,Goering,andtheotherswillstrive fortheposition,buttherewillresult onlytheriseofindividualfactions, nonestrongenoughtocontinuethe Nazimovementasweknowitto-day.

Q.Whatisthestrengthofthe ChurchinGermanyto-day?

A.Atpresentthesituationismost unsatisfactory.TheCatholicsofGermanyfailedtorealiseeightyearsago thedangerthattheNaziSocialist Partywouldproveitselftobe.If theyhadopposeditfromtheoutset, theymighthavestoppedHitler.There were3,000,000organisedCatholicyouth andalmost1,000,000organisedProtestantyouth,asopposedtothesmall bandofNazis.However,theleaders ofthesestronggroupsregardedHitler simplyastheleaderofanewpolitical party.To-day,however,theyknow. IntheCatholicchurchesthatstillfunction,onefindsonlychildrenunderten yearsofageandadultsofforty-five ormore.Theyouthandyoungpeople areaway,intheArmyorinthecamps. Theirstatusisunknown.Wemaybe sure,however,thateveryeffortpossibleisbeingmadetodriveGodand religionfromtheirhearts.

Q.In"MeinKampf"Hitlersaysthat hewillridiculetheChurchoutofexistence;isthisthetactic?

A.PerhapshesaysthisinthepopulareditioncirculatedinAmerica.However,inthehandprintedfirsteditionhe saysthathe"mustdestroytheChurch." Thisattitudehasbeensoftenedsince bysuchremarksas"wemustsaveour youthfromthepriests"and'wemust equipourhospitalswithNazi-nunsfor thesakeofefficiency."

BISHOPAPPEALSTOWORKERS TOSAVEDURINGBOOM.

Anappealtoworkerswhohadexperiencedabadtimeduringtheyears ofdepressiontoputsomethingaway forarainydaynowtheyareearning goodwageswasmadebyBishopFlynn, ofLancaster,preachingatSt.Mary's, Cleator,inconnectionwiththejubilee ofthe"RerumNovarum,"saysthe "Universe."

"OneofHitler'ssupremeerrorsis thatheteachesthatmanismadefor theStateandnottheStateforman, saidtheBishop."Hehassubjugated hispeople,promisingtogivethema stakeintheworldiftheywillgive themselvesbodyandsoultotheState."

Onamemorableoccasionwhenthe VicarofChrist,PopeLeoXIII,was receivinginaudiencedistinguishedrepresentativesoftheOrderofMaryImmaculate,assembledinRomefortheir GeneralChapter,hefoundhimselfdeliveringanallocutiontofar-flungmismionaries-heroesoftheCrossgatheredaroundtheCommonFather ofChristendomfromeveryraceunder heaven,asforaPentecostalblessing.

Inwordsofpropheticvision,the mightyLeoacclaimedthem"Martyrs ofthecold,"evenasanillustrioussuccessorofyesterday,PopePiusXI,exclaimedofhisbelovedOblatesof Mary,that"theyfillthemostdifficult MissionsintheCatholicChurch."

WeareindebtedtotheAugusteditionof"TheAnnalsofOurLadyof theSacredHeart"(Sydney),fora brief,ifeloquent,descriptionofthe wondrouslaboursoftheOblatesof MaryindistantCanada,alandwhich inthemaininspiredthosenobletributesfromthevenerablePontiffsto theseapostolicmen,whosemissionary zealforGodandforfrailhumanity flingsbacktheterrorsofanArctic climeanditseternalPolarsnows.

Howfaithfultotheirimperishable scroll: "Evangelizarepauperibusmisitme."

"OneHundredYearsinCanada"

"Ottawa.-Thisyearisthecentenary ofthearrivalofthefirstOblatesof

NEWSPORTINGFEATURE.

Infuturethesportingcolumns of"TheRecord"willbedevoted mainlytoresultsanditemsof interestregardingsporting eventsinwhichCatholiccolleges andschoolsareparticipating.

SPIRITUALREVIVALAMONG ITALIANPRISONERS.

TheApostolicDelegateinEgypt, ArchbishopTesta,hasbeenvisiting Italianprisonersinhospitalsince March,andhasfoundthatthemedical attentiontheyreceiveisperfectand thereligiousattention"allthatcould bedesired,"saidVaticanRadioina recentbroadcast.

Theannounceradded:"Itisgratifyingtoseethespiritualrevivalamong theprisonersandtheirspiritoffaith.

"Englishdoctorsandofficialshave expressedtheiradmirationofthemore thanusualcourageshownbyItalian prisoners."

Mostoftheprisoners,itwasadded, arewellonthewaytorecoveryand someofthemhavebeenmovedinto Cairo.

MaryImmaculateinCanada.In1841, fourpriestsandtwolaybrothers cametoCanadafromFrance.Todaythereare1,200priestsandlaybrothersoftheOblatesengagedin spreadingtheWordofGodthroughout thiscountry.HisEminenceRodrigue CardinalVilleneuve.Archbishopof Quebec,andelevenotherBishopsin CanadaareOblates.

"Downthroughthecentury,fromthe exalteddignitariesoftheChurchto thehumblemissionariesexistingfor yearsmerelyonfrozenfishintheice hovelsfarnorthoftheArcticCircle, theOblateshaveshownthemselvesto bebuildersofCanada.Pioneersin thefullestsenseoftheword,they havebravedhardshipsofeverysort, andtwooftheirnumber,FathersRouviereandFatherLeroux,in1913,were martyredpushingbackpaganism amongtheEskimosinthenorthern wastesofthisnation."

ItwillbeofmorethanpassinginterestforWestAustralianreadersto learnthatthelateVice-Provincialof theOblateFathersinAustralia,and nowofInchicore,Eire,VeryRev. FatherNeville,O.M.I.,ofhappymemory,andthepresentVice-Provincial, VeryRev.FatherHayes,O.M.I.,of theOblateFather'sNovitiate,Geelong. Victoria,andformerlyofFremantle, werefellowstudentsattheOblateSeminarywiththeaforementionedmartyrsofChrist.

MissionaryMunition Workers

For"TheRecord,"byCUSHLASULLIVANand

T4,15p.m.onSaturday,July12, eightyyoungCatholicgirlsknelt intheGrailChapelat"TayCregian,"MelbourneHeadquartersofthe Grail,andthere,unitedwithOurLord, preparedfortheMissionsWeek-end, whichrevealedsomeamazingstories, storiesthatmadeusproudtobeCatholics,buttherewereotherswhich madeusashamedofourownsmell partintheworkoftheMissions.

ThePropagationoftheFaith.

Manyofusarenotevenmembersof thisgrandandgloriousorganisation, which,undertheguidanceoftheHoly See,directsandgoverns,throughits NationalDirectors,theactivitiesof theMissionsthroughouttheworld.

Wearedeeplygratefultoourown NationalDirector,Rt.Rev.J,J.Hannan,D.D.,D.Ph-,fortheuntiringinterestandenthusiasmwithwhichhe devotedpracticallythewholeofhis week-endtogivingusadeeperunderstandingoftheMissions,andafuller appreciationofthewonderfulwork whichmenandwomenaredoingfor Godatthepresenttime.Theyseek tobuildtheKingdomofGod,while somanyothersareconceivingplansto destroy',Christianityinanyform.

ItisthepeopleontheHomeFronttheCatholicsallovertheworld-who areresposableforthecontinuationof theMisAftrns,anditisnotonlyourresponsibility.butourdutyandacommandfromGod.

TheFieldAfar.

IntheChapelMgr.Hannancommencedbyspeakingonthenecessity ofCharityandSympathyinallApostolicwork.WithoutCharitywecannotsucceed,andnotuntilthebarrier againstthecolouredracesiscompletelydestroyedwillthepathwayofthe CatholicMissionaryhesmooth.

IntheeyesofGod,thesoulofalittleaborigineboyisasbeautifuland preciousasthatofanyChristian,and itisthesoulsofthepoorpaganpeopleforwhichGodhasyearnedsince OurLordwasonearth.

"TheFieldAfar"beganthecourseof lectures,tellingafullandtruestoryof paganismasitexiststo-day,inallits squalorandmisery.Itisnotthe noblethingmanyofusareinclinedto imagine,becausethepoorcreatures destinedtothislifedespiseGod'scharityandmercy-theyfeelnothingfor eachother'ssufferingsandunhappiness.Popularnovelsmaygiveus ideasofthe"SplendidSavage,"but suchideasquicklyfadeinthefaceof reality,whenwehearofsuchpracticesasthestoningtodeathoflepers, offellowhumanbeingsbeingleftto dieinthestreetsofstarvationanddisease. Thepaganpopulationoftheworld isatpresentincreasingattherateof 40millionsayear,andtheseconditionswillcontinuetoexistamong them,unlessweCatholicsrealiseour respo-tyanddosomethingtangible givethemtheFaith.

NearerHome.

OnSaturdayeveningtherewasa screeningof"BlackGold,"afilmwhich vividlyportrayedthepitifullivesof theAboriginesintheDesertsofCentralandNorthAustralia,Intheir nativestatetheironlymeansofexistenceistodiggrubsfromthedecayed rootsofold,buriedtreestumps,and thenwanderaroundfromplaceto placetryingtofindenoughfoodto keepbodyandsoultogether,because theyhavebeendrivenintothedesert wastesbytheencroachmentsofthe Europeansontheirformerhunting grounds.

Thesecondhalfofthefilmshoweda greatcontrast-onebroughtaboutby theinfluenceofChristiancharityand teachingonthelivesofAboriginesin aMissionStation,whereasmallsettlementhasgrownuparoundtheChurch. andwherethenativeshavetheirown homesandfamilies,andtheirwork,to givethemsomeambitiontoliveas humanbeingswithsoulstosave.The wellclothedchildrenarehappyat school.withtheSistersofSt.Johnoi Godinchargeofthem,andtheyget theirrecreationatbasketballandfootballjustasotherchildrendo.

PATERSON'SSUPPLYSTORES

123CI42EMONTCRESCENT, SWANBOURNE.'Phone:F2571. GROCERANDGREENGROCER. DeliveriesfromNedlandsto MosmanPark.

PartofthegreatworktheseSisters aredoing,also,isthetrainingofAboriginegirlsintheirnovitiate,andthe deepCatholiclivesofthesegirlsishavingaconsiderableinfluenceontheir fellow-natives.

NativeClergy, Mgr.Hannanalsospokeoftheaim oftheChurchinsendingmissionaries topaganlands-toestablishanative clergytocarryontheworkbegunby them,Thisisanobviousnecessity, noforeignercanfullyunderstandthe mindorphilosophyofpeoplewho havebeensteepedinthehabitsofpag- anismforthousandsofyears.InJapan andIndo-Chinaastronghierarchyhas beenformedwhichwillensurethe.continuityoftheChurchintheseregions.

Ithasbeenveryslowwork,because theChurchcannotaffordtotake chanceswiththePriesthood,anduntil thereisanIndianorChinese"St. ThomasAquinas"theworkofthemissionariesinthesecountrieswillbe verydifficult.

MissionsandtheWar.

OnSundaymorningafterDialogue MassournexttalkbroughtusalltogetherintheTudorHouse,andhere Mgr,Hannanspokeon"Missionsand theWar."

Atthepresenttimeitisveryeasy tolookuponthepresentwarasthe PrimaDonnaofto-day,withallthe spotlightsoftheworldfocussedon her;butweforgetthattheCatholic Churchhaswitnessedeverywarfor 2,000yearsandwillcontinuetodoso aslongastherearenationstofight- andwhatisfarmoreseriousweforget thattheCatholicChurchhasherown spiritualwartowage,herownDivine Empiretoincrease,andherown"InternationalProblems"-theMissionstoface.

Sheneedsammunition,sheneedsan Army,andsheneedsConvoytopave thewayfortheMissionaries.WeCatholicsmustrealisethatourprayers willprovidetheammunition,ourzealoussoulstheArmy,andourmembershipinthePropagationoftheFaith thefinancialandspiritualconvoy.

SbsurelynowtheCatholicChurch's workof"construction"isjustasimportantatthistimewhennationsare fightingbattlesof"destruction."

TheChurchApostolic.

Whenwerealisethat,owingtothe War,theHolySeehasbeendeprived ofhalfofitsincomefordistribution, itisnowmorenecessarythanitever wasforCatholicstogive"tillithurts" totheApostolicworkoftheChurch.

Australiaisnowresponsibleforthe continuationortheextinctionofmany totteringmissionsettlementsinthe SouthSeaIslands,Unlessthewhole Catholicpopulationbecomesreally "mission-minded"andactive"shareholders"inthePropagationofthe Faiththistimenextyeartherewill benoMasscelebratedandnoinstructiongivenwhereto-daythenativesare gatheringintheirbamboochurches.

InsteadtheMissionstationswillbe awilderness,thebuildingsover-run withwildpigsandrats,simplybecausetheMissionariesdidn'thavethe fundstocarryon.

God'sWorkMustBeDone.

Lastworktherewasanincreasein membershipoftheAssociationforthe PropagationoftheFaithof50percent. -thisprovidedasumof£7,500,which isonly1percent.ofwhattheHoly SeehaslostbecauseoftheWarfurthermoreitrepresentsamembershipofonly15inevery100Australian Catholics!

Theneedisurgent,andhelpmust come,notonlyfromthepursesofthe nation,butfromtheheartsofthe people,too,forifwehavearealand intenseloveoftheApostolicWorkof theChurchandgivetheMissionsa constantplaceinourthoughts,then weshallspreadittoothers.Itis God'swork,andwhatcanbemore importantthanthesalvationofhumansouls?

Atangibleresultoftheweek-endwas theformationofplansforMission Sunday,andpropagandaforitssuccesswassuppliedbytheweek-enders, brightideastodesignMissionPosters forthecampaign,whichalsoincluded prayersandextensivecanvassingfor newmembersofthePropagationofthe Faith. UnderthedirectionofRev.L. O'Rourke,MelbourneDiocesanDirectoroftheA.P.F.,agroupofgirlswill worktogetheruntilMissionSundayin October,inordertomakethisfunction agreatsuccess.

"Itisnowaboutthreeyearsago thatIsaidupontheradioin NewYorkCitythatMr.P.G. Wodehousewasthebestwriter ofourtime." Belloc. 5'

LETusconsiderthesingularand arrestingcaseofDr.Pelham GrenvilleWodehouse,whofrom beingsomethingofanationalinstitutioninEnglandhassuddenlydeclined becauseofsometalksbyhimbroadcastfromBerlintotheUnitedStates, Justwhatthesubstanceandmanner ofthesebroadcastsactuallyarewedo notknow.Howeveracoupleofshort newsitemsinregardtotwoofthem suggeststhatthecreatoroftheincom-

parableJeeveshadcommentedrather favourablyontheprisontreatmenthe receivedinGermany.

ButothersbesideWodehousehave donethis.

Onlylastmonth,forexample,the "Herald"publishedreportsfromdelegatesoftheInternationalRedCross fashion,supportstatementsonthis subjectallegedtohavebeenmadeby Wodehouse.Arecentletterinthat newspaperoffersadditionalproof. Further,withinthepastfortnightor soaresponsiblestatementinthepress reportedthattreatmentandconditions inprisoner-of-warcampsinGermany are"punctiliouslycorrect." SomeFacts, However,Idonotintendtodiscuss theverybaldaccountstohandofreputedmisdeameanoursatthemicro-

phonebytheratherbaldWodehousethoughInotethatthegenerallysober London"DailyTelegraph"statesthat hemaybetriedforthemafterthe war(if/andwhen,nodoubt!). ThefactsinthecaseWodehouseappeartobethathewascutoffbythe swiftGermanadvanceinMayoflast yearatLeTouquet,France,wherehe ownedavilla.HisAmerican-born wifewasreleased.Amonthorsolater itwasreportedthathewasquitesafe, andthat"effortswerebeingmade

ByP.I.O'L.,inthe"Advocate." toobtainpermissionforhimtogoto theUnitedStates."Itwasalsostatedthathehadsoughtnaturalisation asacitizenofthatcountry, Sincethen,readersofournewspapershavelearnedthathehasbeen releasedfromwar-prisononparole; thathehaswrittenanewbookand takentotheradio.

Wodehouseinprintwas,itappears, anationalidol;Wodehouseoverthe air,arenegade,atraitor.Well,of courseitalldependsuponwhathe said.Andwedonotknowwhathe said.Idon't,anyhow.

Mr.O'CaseyTakesaHand.

ImentionedtheLondon"DailyTelegraph."Itwasinthatpaperwhich is,apparently,interestingitselfprofoundlyinthecaseofWodehouse,that Mr.SeanO'Caseylastweekattacked thecapturedandexpatriatehonorary DoctorofLetters.

Sean,whooughttobethelastman totalk,orwrite,aboutanyone'sbelittlement,realorreputed,ofhiscountry,likesWodehousejustasmuch, andaslittle,asamorecelebrated writerlikethemysteriousDr.Fell.

Sean,whohandlesahurleywellin controversy,iscontemptuousofNode. house.

"Itisamusingtoread,"hewrote, "variouswailsaboutP.G.Wodehouse's villainy.TheharmdonetoEngland's causeandEngland'sdignityisnotthe poorman'sbabbleinBerlin,butacceptanceofhimbythechildishpartof thepeopleandtheacademicgovernmentofOxford,deadfromthechin up,asapersonofanyimportancein Englishliterature.

"Itisanironictwistofretribution onthosewhobanishedJamesJofte, authorof'Ulysses.'andhonoured Wodehouse.IfEnglandhasanydignityleftinthewayofliteratureshe willforgetforeverthepitifulantics ofEnglishliterature'sperformingflea. IfBerlinthinksthepoorfishisgreat, somuchthebetterforus."

Sean'sPoorLogic.

This,thoughexcellentinvective, patentlydoesnottouchthequestionof Wodehouse'sradiooffences.Itmerely revealsO'Casey'sfailuretoappreciate Wodehouse'sundeniablequalitiesasa writer-afactwhich,inmyjudgment, alsorevealsacriticallimitationanda literarydiscernmentofdullededgeon thepartoftheauthorof"Junoand thePaycock."

Whatevermay,ormaynot,bethe meritsofJoyceasaliteraryinnovator, orevenwriter-andIthinkthatthey areremarkablemerits-anypossible "dishonouring"ofhimdoesnotnecessarilydisprovethatthehonouringby OxfordUniversityofWodehouse,in theformofanhonorarydoctorate,is tobecondemned.Forallhiscaustic words,thelubberlySean,hereaselsewhere,iscounterfeitandevencontemptibleinhis"logic."

ItmaybegoodfuntocallDr.\Vodehouse,"Englishliterature'sperforming flea"and"apoorfish','andtospeak ofhis"babble"andhis"pitifulantics" (aboutwhichallegedactivities,bythe way,Seanhasnopity).

Butitisnotsogoodfunasthat \Vodehouseprovidessoabundantly, happilyandsowhollywithoutasperityinhisbooks.

Moreover,itdoesnotproveanything savethatSean-astoutladwitha literaryshillelaghatanytime,itmust headmitted-isouttocrackWodehouse'salmostbilliardbaldskull, MasterofHisTrade.

Aliterarycontemporaryoftheassail. edDoctorofLetters.onemuchmore eminentthanMr.O'Casey,maybe quotedtofurnishacorrectivetothe corrosivecriticismofthelast-named TheappreciationIquoteisaltogether remarkablealikeinitsintensityand initsauthorship.Itakeitfroman articlebyMr.HilaireBellocentitled "HomagetoP.G,Wodehouse."

Thatarticleopenscharacteristically: "Itismybusinesstoexpresshere andnowsomethingwhichIhavelong

hadinmindandwhichIhaveaslong postponed.Idesiretopaytributeto thatoneofmycontemporarieswho seemstometobetheirchiefinhisdepartmentandmyown."

'Why?'asksBelloc.Andanswers:

"Becauseheisthemasterofmy trade.Andwhattradeisthat?The ancient,theburdensome,theout-at. elbowstradeofwriting.Thetrade ofHomer,ofSwiftandofTheorcitus."

Here,surely,ishighcompanyfora "performingflea"-evenoneofliterature,(Notthatfleasmaynotocca- sionally-andliterally-hopintoeven thehighestcompany.)

Mr.Bellocasks,again:"Whatmakes amanagoodwriter?Whenwegive tooneparticularwriter'sworkthisor thatplaceinourscaleofvalues,what testshouldwerationallyuse?

"Thetestofexcellenceinwritingis simplythis:'Howfarhasthewriter byachoiceofwrittenwordsandthe useofthemintherightorderproduc-edtheeffecthedesiredtoproduce?' Hereinliesthetestofcraftsmanship; andacraftsmancanonlybetestedby hismasteryofthecraftwhereinheis engaged."

"BestWriterofOurTime"?

ThearticlefromwhichIquotewas publishedlastAugust.Itproceeds:

"Itisnowalmostthreeyearsago thatIsaidupontheradioinNewYork CitythatMr.P.G,Wodehousewas thebestwriterofourtime.

"Wordsspokenundersuchcircumstancesreachavastaudience;anaudienceofmanymillions;andIwas notsurprisedtoreceiveabigcorres-pondenceuponthejudgmentIhadpro- nounced.Butwhatdidsurpriseme atfirst(thoughIhavecometounderstanditbettersince)wasthejargepro- portionofthoseamongmy9Frespondentswhoweresurprisedthatacomic writershouldbeadjudgedsupremacy. Ishouldhavethoughtitobviousthat thegeneralnatureoftheemotion whichawriterseekstoarousewas somethingquitedistinctfromhistalentorgenius)inarousingit.The objectofthisparticularwriteristo amuse.Hepresentshumanrelations asaccidentsoflifesoastoprovoke anythingfromahighlysatisfiedsmile toloud,irresistiblelaughter.Inany oftheseenterpriseshesucceedsmore fullythanhasanyotherofhiscolleaguesnowusingtheEnglishlanguage. "Thereisnotoneofthemwho,settingouttomoveourterror,oursense ofbeauty,oursenseofironyandcontradictioninthings,reachesthesame levelofachievementasdoesMr,Wodehouseinhisaimatmovingthecomic sense.Hedoesitexactlyandfully allthewayalongthelinefromacertaininternalcontent,whichisless eventhansmiling,totheunroarious satisfactionorfarcesocompellingthat itmovesthereaderasthoughby visibleactiontakenbeforehiseyes." Effortsthatproducesuchresults cannotjustlybedismissedas"pitiful antics."Theyarenotantics.They arenotpitiful.

IdonotagreewithBellocthat \Vodehouseis"thebestwriterofour time,"neitherintheabsolutesensenor inthesenseandqualifiedsignificance

ofMr.Belloc'suseofthephrase.Bellochimselfhasamuchhighertitleto thedistinctionthanWodehouse. However,onemaybelessthanthe bestandbeagood,evenagreat.writer.Shakespeare,abidingourquestion,mayoutsoarotherimmortalwriters.Butthosearenotthelessimmortalforthat.

ThreeQualities.

Mr.Bellocdoesserviceindirecting attentiontothreespecialqualitiesknit andwovenintothetextureofWodehouse'sworks-themasterlyprodluotionofthedesiredeffectwithinthe formchosen,aneffortlessinweaving intothefabricofWodehouse'swriting, ofhisclassicerudition,andanunfailing fountoffigureandtrope,Inthis, thoughinadifferingmanner,heislike Lamb.

"Youwillfindhimoverandover againbringinginbyallusion,without emphasis,asthoughitwerepartof somesentenceofhisown,notbetween invertedcommas,theblossomsofold thought;andninetimesoutoftenhe doesitinanadmirablespiritofcomedy."Wodehouse'suseofmetaphor andfigure-vivid,exact,drivingwith life-neverfailshim."Itneverfails thosereaderswho,likemyself,read himinconstantexpectationofsuch joys,Hissimileandmetaphorgivea recurrentvitalitytoeverystatement, everydescription,everymentionof whathischaractersdo.And,mark this:nooneelsecandoit.Ourmodernstuffispackedwithcommonsimile andmetaphor,wornthreadbare.None ofitreallysticks."

Thereareotherswhohaveanextraordinary,fommandofthefigurative andthesimulitudinous.Bellochimself doesnotgoinforthesemuch.But someothevwritersaboundinit.I couldcop.iehalfadozenatleast whohaveagreatersenseof"correspondency"thanWodehouse-Belloc, atleastinthecaseofChesterton,called it"parallelism"-whichisnotan exact,ifEuclidean-soundingterm.

MeetJeeves.

BellocholdsthatWodehouseisutterly-andthewordisutterly-national. Ithinkthisasoundopinion.(This, bytheway,makesitallthemoredifficulttoassociateWodehousewithanythinganti-national,thatistosay,in hiscase,anti-English.)

Ofallthecharacters,Wodehousehas evokedfromthevoid,themostnationalisJeeves.This,again,isa correctgrading.

"JeevesisEnglishineveryoneofhis thoughts,actionsandwords-inhisgesturesforthatmatter.HeiscompletelyEnglishinhissocialphilosophy. Thethingissoadmirablydone,the portraitsolive,thatweconferpraise andblameorwewithholdthem,when Jeevessaysordoesoreventhinksanything,justaswewouldgiveorwith. holdpraiseorblameinthecaseofa fellow-beingatourside.InthematterofJeeves,itisasthoughMr.Wodehousehassaidtohimself,'Ihavegiven youallsortsofotherpeopleinaphrase ortwo,sometimesinasingleword.I willnowshowyouwhatIcandoin detail.'Andthereisnotonedetail thatdoesnotfitinwiththerest.I shouldsearchlongandfeeblyforadjectivesbeforeIcouldpitchonthe rightonetosuittheoccasion.Iwill ventureupononeobviousadjective andnot4aaviolent,thoughstrong.

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Jeevesismiraculous.'Somegoddid this "Miraculous,""Somegoddidthis!" Well,it'snogood,atthislatehourin theday,quarrellingwithBelloc's phrases. Buthedoesconveyherehisusual dogmatismabout(and,whatmany missinhiswritings,hisusualenthusiasmfor)Wodehouse.Iamverymuch withhiminthis.

AGenuineHumorist.

Wodehouseis,ofcourse,anentertainerbymeansofstoryandthewrittenword.Thatiswhatheaimedto be,andwhat,asBellochaspointedout, heachieved.Thereisnopretensionof didacticismaboutWodehouse.Heis notamentor,norahortator.Heis agenialhumorist,relatinginaninimitablewayincidents,inventedorcooptedof,generally,entirelysuperfluousbutoftenchildishlylovablecharacters.

"Agenialhumorist,"Isay.Ahumoristofgeniuswouldbemoreapplicable.ForWodehouseisagenuine masterofthecomedicart-inhisown wayandidiosyncrasyofcourse,asis eachhumoristofwarrantandrank.

Hehasanenormouscapacityfor theextraordinaryfelicitousstuffthat poursfromhispen-asignitselfof abilityandofplenitude.Bellocrefers tothisqualityas"thefulnessof"the "river'sflow."Itscontinuanceand spontaneityareremarkable."Icallit 'thefulnessoftheflow,'"saysHilaire, "becauseitalwaystopsthebank,doing 'allthatisrequired,butneverspilling over."

Here,asIsay,youhaveabundanceandhereyouhavehumourthatIchallengeanyonetosaythatWodehouseis notinthetruelineandtraditionof thegreatEnglishhumorists,who,each inhisownway,revealedthecharacter oftheircountrybytheir"pitifulantics."

BrilliantSocialCriticism.

WhatBellocandSeanO'Caseyhave bothmissedisthatWodehouse'snovels aresocialcriticismofahighorder,for alltheirhighspirits,or,rather,becauseofthese.Forsuchaltitudeof spiritsisasilluminating"asinthesocialregistration"inWodehouse's works.

Ifeverthe"ColonelBlimps,"the stuffyandpretentiousnobodiesofthe effetesocialsystemofBritainwere "guyed,"theyhavebeen"guyed"by Wodehouse.Hisdeftnessandartistic pilloryingishidden,but,likethegem ofthefable,themorevaluablefor beinghidden.

Belloctouchesthefringeofthis whenheobserves:"Theparticular worldwhichMr.Wodehousehashalf created,halfrecorded,isalreadygone. EnglandwillnolongerbetheEngland ofthepublicschools."Thisgetsclose totherootofthematter.

ForWodehouse-Dr.Wodehouse, rather-hasnotonlypointedtotheabsurditiesandfatuousnessesassociated withthe"oldschooltie."Hehasifyoulookcloseenoughyoucansee it-madetheoldschooltieanoose, Thinkthatoneout.

TEXTOFHOLYFATHER'S PENTECOSTMESSAGE.

(ContinuedfromPage5.1

outsetofthatreconstructionofanew socialorderwhichisadesireworthy ofGodandofman,willinfusenew courageandgrowthinthegardenof humanculture, BrotherlySocialSpiritNeeded.

Keepburningthenobleflameofa brotherlysocialspiritwhichfifty yearsagowasrekindledinthehearts ofyourfathersbytheluminousand illuminatingtorchofthewordsofLeo XIII;donotalloworpermitittolack nourishment.Letitflareupthrough yourhomageandnotdie,quenched byanunworthy,timid,cautiousinactioninthefaceoftheneedsofthe pooramongourbrethren,orovercome bythedustanddirtcarriedbythe whirlwindoftheanti-ChristianornonChristianspirit.Nourishit,keepit alive,increaseit;makethisflame burnmorebrightly;carryitwherever agroanofsuffering,alamentofmisery,acryofpainreachesyou;feedit evermorewiththeheatofalove drawnfromtheHeartofyourRedeemer,towhichthemonththatnow beginsinconsecrated, GotothatDivineHeartmeekand humble,refugeofallcomfortinthe fatigueandresponsibilityoftheactive life;itistheHeartofHimWhoto everyactgenuineandpure,givenin HisNameandinHisSpiritinfavour ofthesuffering,theharciptessed,of thoseabandonedbythe.worldor thosedeprivedofallgoodsandfortune,haspromisedtheeternalreward oftheblessed:(YoublessedofMy Father!Whatyouhavedonetothe leastofMybrethrenyouhavedoneit toMe.)

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TheChurchKnows AboutWar

GODWAITSFORUS.

Prayerisa"familiarintercourse"betweenthesoulandGodItissobecauseitistheexpressionoflove.On onesideisourpoor.lukewarmlove; ontheothertheboundlessperfectlove ofGod.Ourprayermaybecramped andfeeblebecauseoftheinadequacy ofourloveandtherestofourimperfections;buttheinfiniteloveofGod placesnoimpedimentstohinderour approach.

Asamotherstandseagerly,withher armswideopen,waitingforherlittle childtolearntowalkthefewsteps whichwillbringhimtoher,sodoes GodwaitforusasweapproachHim inprayer.InHimthereiscomplete understanding,becauseHeknowsthe secretsofourheartsmoreintimately thanweourselvesdo;forourweaknessandfoolishnessHehasnocontempt,andforoursinsHispardonis offeredmoreswiftlythanwecanturn andseekit.

Keepclearlyinyourmind,then,that primarilyprayerisanexerciseoflove, wherebythelovingsoulapproaches nearerandnearertotheobjectofits love.whichisGod,growingtherebyin graceandintheknowledgeofGod, whichiseternallife.

Anationatwarisanationprofoundlyalteredinmanyways.The mostimportanteffecttakesplacein thespiritualrealm.Itoftenhappens thattheimminenceofsuddendeath onalargescaleshockspeopletotheir senses.Theeternitytheyhadenvisionedasremote,far-offandsubtly unrealbecomesofasuddenmoreimportantthantime.GodtakesHis properplaceofpre-eminence-creaturesaresubordinated.

Theonsetofwarhasmeantformany peopleachancetothink,torecover

MARTYREDPOLAND

Anexposureoftheeffortsmadeby Russiatostampoutreligioninthe Polishprovincessheoccupied-efforts reportedintheSovietPress-appearedinarecentissueof"Osservatore Romano."

FromtheSoviet"Teachers'Newspaper"the"OsservatoreRomano"recountsthestorytoldbyaSovietschool teacherofhowalittlegirlnamed Zosiadefiedtheteacher'seffortsto provethat"Goddoesnotexistand thatreligionisjustopiumforthepeople."

Zosia'sreactionwastoburstinto tearsinfrontoftheclassandshout: "No,itisn'ttrue;Goddoesexistand weshallallbelieveinHim."

Fordays,ledbyZosia,theclassdefiedtheteacher,andrecitedtheircustomaryschoolprayers.Finally,followingthreats,theydarednotpray aloud,buteventhenZosiamadethe signoftheCrossopenly,whichaccordingtotheSovietpaperwas"thecause 01 arguments."

Thefollowingissueofthe"OsservatoreRomano"containedaspecialarticlebytheeditor,CountDalla Torre,entitled"Zosia,"extollingthe heroicandtraditionalspiritoffaith ofthePoles.

"Yourpersistentprayer,Zosia,"concludedthearticle,"raisesyoutoa symbolofourChristiancivilisation andofyourMotherland,which,with itsrichfaith,ispersecutedforthat veryreason."

ThePolishMinistryofInformation inLondonstatesthatinthemartyred townofPlock,the86-year-oldArchbishopNowowiejskiandtheAuxiliary Bishop,Mgr.Wetmanski,withCanons oftheChapterandprofessorsof seminaryhavebeendeportedtoGermany,andofthepre-war11churches and100priestsnowonlyonechurch andtwopriestsareleft.

Severalhundredpriestsareamong the30,000Poles,CzechsandAustrians internedintheOswiecimconcentrationcamp,where,itisreported,from 200to400dieweeklyfromtorture, famineandcold.

InthiscamptheworsttypeofGermanprisonersactaswarderswithpromisesofmitigationoftheirownsentencesiftheysucceedin"treatingthe prisonerswithalltheseveritytheydeserve."

HowtheSovietauthoritiesrefused manyPolishpriestspermissiontoaccompanyparishionerstoSiberiaconcentrationcampstohelpandcomfort themintheirmiseryistoldbyMme. OlgaKochanska,widowofaPolish violinist,whohasreturnedtoher nativeChicagoaftersevenmonthsin aSiberiancamp.

ManythousandPoles,mostlyofthe intellectualclass,havebeenthrown intothesecamps,shestated,working inthefieldsundercruelsuperiors,livingindirtyandwretchedhutsand deprivedofallreligiouscare.

All

themselves,andbeginthetaskof savingtheirimmortalsouls.

Butthereisasinisterobviousside. Some,intimeofwar,becomepossessed ofaspiritofdumbfatalism.Familiarlandmarksareobliteratedinasinglefrightfulconcussion.Oldfriends disappear.Anydayoranymoment theirturnmaycome.

Then,insteadofthrowingthemselves intothearmsofGodandfacingthe chancesofwarwithasteadfast,manly courage,theyindulgeindebauchery theywouldhavescornedinanormal mood."Letuseat,drinkandbe merry,forto-morrowwedie."Any instanttheremaycomeanendtoall drinking,eatingandmerriment. livethemomentyouhavetothefullest.Laughatdeath-makeobscene jokesaboutdeath-sneeratit for, whendeath,theconqueror,strikes, mouthswillbesilentforever.Hearts willbesilentforever,Aboutmuch ofthedrolleryexchangedinthecafes ofawar-tornstreet,thereisaquality ofhysteria,ofinsanity. Allwarsgenerallyhaveadisinteg- ratingeffect.Mencomingbackfrom thestrainoffront-lineaction,releasedfromthefearofdeath.sometimes allow'themselvesanarchicliberties. Andwargovernmentsarenotinterestedinmorals;theyareconcernedwith winningthebattle.Notalonedo theyfailtocondemnmoralexcesses; theysometimesprovideoppertunities.

TheChurchknowsallaboutwarand theeffectsofwar.Inherexperience, moralssuffer. Sheknowsthatamongthedisasters whichfollowinthewakeofanywar, theworstisthebreak-downofthose safeguardsandrestraintswhichwere cultivatedduringaneraofpeace.

THOUGHTSFORTHEWEEK.

Sunday:Nolanguagecanbeconceivedmoreardent-absolutethan thatinwhichtheearliestrecordsof Christianity-theliturgies,theFathers, speakoftheMotherofOurLord.Spotless,sinless,thriceholy,holierthanthe Seraphim,theholiestnextafterGodthesearethedescriptionsofhersanctity.-CardinalManning.

Monday:10myJesus,crucifiedfor me,pouroutThyselfuponme,and withthenailsofThyloveattachmy wholebeingtoThyself.-St.Bernardine.

Tuesday:Whyshouldwefretbecausemendonotappreciateuswhen wereflectthattheyspatintheFace ofJesus,andhadnopromotionfor HimbuttonailHimtotheCross?

Wednesday:Whenyoucommita faultwhichhumblesyouandforwhich youarereallysorry,itisagaininsteadofaloss.

Thursday:Wemustwaitforourrewardtillweshallbeathomeinour Father'shouse.-St.JohnVianney.

Friday:OurLordsaidtoSt,Mech. teldis:"Receiveitasamostcertain truththatifanyonehearsMasswith devotion,Iwillsendhimatthehour ofdeath,asaconsolationanddefence, asmanygloriousspiritswhostand aroundMythroneashesillhave heardMasseswithfervourand4re."

SundayExperienceismarrtwisdom,DoingrightisGod's.

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daysandeveryonesaysitwillbenice downtherethen.

ALANJOHNSON.

DearAlan,-Iwassopleasedtohear fromyouagainandtoknowthatyou arekeepingonwiththegoodwork.I receivedthestampsandI'mlooking forwardtoreceivingtheprickcard back.ItwillcertainlybeanicesurpriseandtheLemonadeBottleneeds manysuchsurprisesyetbeforethe£100 becomesareality.HoweverIamsure theCorneriteswillcomeforwardin largenumberstohelpthisworthy cause.EveryoneisplanningforholidayssoonandIhopetheweatherwill befineandwarm,thoughIdothink Albanyisalittlecoldduringthemonth ofAugust.However,Iamsureyou willhaveaverynicetimedownthere andwillfindplentyoffun.

* * *

AUNTBESSY.

-Telephones--L1460 MEAD,DON&CO. FUNERALDIRECTORS.

190ALBANYROAD,VIC.PARK 33CANNINGHIGHWAY. EASTFREMANTLE.

ST.DOMINIC, whosefeastisonAugust4.

DearCornerites,-Tuesdayisthe FeastofOurLadyoftheSnow.This uniquefeastofOurLadycommemoratestheold,oldstoryofhow,longcenturiesago,achurchdedicatedtothe Virgin-Mother(nowthemostfamous churchinRomeandperhapstheoldest,saveSt.MariaAntiguainthe Forum)wasbuiltbyapiousRoman patricianatidiviswifeonaspotmiraculouslymarkedoutbyanunaccountable fallofsnowinearlyAugust.The feastofOurLadyoftheSnows,from amerelocalcelebrationinRomehas nowbeenextendedtotheChurchall overtheworld,andmaybeaccepted byusallasauthentic,asithasalways beenacceptedbythepeopleofRome. Thebasilicaisoneofthemostbeautifulandperhapsthemoststrikingof allCatholicchurches.Itsstrikingcolumnsweretakenfromatempleof Junoandnowdividethegreatnave fromtheaisles.Greatmenhaveloved thisnoblechurch.ThepoetTasso sangitspraises,andthebelovedSt. CharlesBorromeousedtoleavehis splendidpalaceandclimbtheEsquilineonhiskneesinordertopraywithin thesesacredwalls.InRomeonTuesdayatHighMassintheBasilicathe legendofthemiraculoussnowiscommemoratedbyashowerofwhiteroses fromthedome.Thisisoneofthe greatestRomansummerfestivals. AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

Mundaring.

DearAuntBessy,-Ihavereadmany ofyourcornersandIlikethemvery much.Ihavesentyouanenvelopeof stampsandIhopeyoulikethemvery much.Ihavetwosisters,Daphneand Kathleen,andtwobrothers,Sydney andRobert.Pleasetellmewhata prickcardisandImightbeableto fillone.IamgoingtoFremantlefor theAugustholidaysandIamsureI willenjoyitthere.Ihaveneverwrittenbefore.IaminFifthStandard andam12yearsold.Mundaringisa veryniceplaceandisveryhealthy.I hopeyoumanagetoget£100thisyear. Manypeople beenverygenerous givingdononsfortheBushies'Corner. EDITHSALT.

DearEdith,-Nowthatyouhave joinedtheCorner,Iwantyoutowrite inregularly,asIdoliketokeepin touchwithCornerites.Ihavesent youaprickcard,andasyouwillsee itisapinkcardwithanumberof squaresonit.Youmayaskyour friendsforapennyfortheBushies,and whenyougetone,orwhenyouputby oneyourself,youputaprickonthe cardinoneofthesquares.When youhave30pricksinthe30squares, thatis,oneineach,youshouldhave 30penniesalsotosendbackwiththe prickcard.Allthepenniesgointo theLemonadeBottletohelptheBushies'cause.Ihopeyouwillenjoyyour holidaysatFremantle.AUNTBESSY.

* * DearAuntBessy,-Itisalongtime sinceIwrotetoyoulast,butIhave notforgottenyounortheBusbies,and Iamworkinghardontheprickcard yousentme.Mysisterissavingher penniesforyoutoo,sowewillsoonbe abletosendyouanicepleasantsurprise.Iamenclosingsomestamps whichwehavesavedfromdaddy'smail andwewillsendyoumorelateron. WearegoingtoAlbanyfortheholi-

T.N.MURGATROYD

58ERICSTREET,COTTESLOE.

HOUSERENOVATORPAINTER&DECORATOR.

'PHONE:F2054.

DearAuntBessy,-Inoticedyou werestillalongwayfromthe£100,so wouldliketohelpyou.Iusedtolive upintheBushmyselfafewyearsago, soIknowwhatgoodworktheBushies' Schemedoesandhowmuchitmeans tooutbackchildren.Icameupto PerthwhenIwasfourteen,butIhave beenbackhomeforholidaysevery year.Ifyouwillsendmeacoupleof prickcardsIshallfillthemupforyou withsparepennies.

DONALDAIKEN.

DearDonald,-Ihavesentalongthe twoprickcardsandIhopeyouwill havenodifficultyinfillingthem.Being anoldBushieyourselfyouwould-of course,appreciatethedifficultiesfacingchildreninoutbackareas,particularlyinthematteroftheirreligious education.Itisagreatstruggle,but itisverymuchworthwhilewhenwe getthe£100andthroughitdosomuch good. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Ihavesentyou abigparcelof'stampstohelpthe Busbies.Ihavebeensavingthemfor alongtimeandtheyhavemadequite abigparcel.Wehaveallhadthe'flu hereathomeandfatherhasjustgone backtoworkafteraweekinbedwith it.Hasn'titbeencoldandwetlately? Igotverywetgoinghomefrom schooltheotherday,asIwascaught inadownpourwheretherewasno shelter.Ifyousendmeaprickcard IshallfillitinfortheBusbiesand helpyoutogetthe1100.

JOANANDERSON.

DearJoan,-Ireceivedthestampsin goodorderandwassopleasedwith them.Therecertainlywerealotof themandIthinkyoumusthavebeen savingforyears.Iamsorrythatyou haveallbeensickathome,butwinter timeisalwaysatryingtimeforcolds and'flu,andtheweatherhascertainly beenverywetandmiserablelately.Still wemusthaverainandthemorethe betterforthefarmers.Ihavesentyou theprickcardbythefirstmail.

AUNTBESSY.

11114111111111111111111111111111101111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

ADOPTABUSHIE.

Thereisstillalonglistofnamesof BusbieswhowouldliketoreceiveCatholicliteraturefromCornerites.If youwouldliketohelptheBusbiesin thisway,sendastampedaddressedenvelopetoAuntBessy,c/oBoxA35, G.P.O.,Perth,andanameandaddress willbesenttoyou...Donotsendliteraturetothisofficefordistribution,only thestampedaddressedenvelopeforthe nameandaddressofaBushie.You willbedoingagoodwork,averygood work,inhelpingtospreadtheCatholic faithbydistributingCatholicliterature andwillalsobehelpingbushchildren tolearnmoreabouttheirfaith.

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WEREYOUONEOF

FatherD'ArcySaysCommunism MaySweepEurope

Communism,ifwearetojudgevariousindications,willsweepEuropeat theendofthiswar,warnedFather MartinD'Arcy,&J.,attheCatholicSocialGuildweek-endschoolinGlasgow.

The-Universe"reportsays:

"Wewillhavetofaceuptothisrevolutionarymovementandtothisunharnessedanduntoldpowerwhich combinesinRussiaandwhichcallsitselftheSovietSystem.

"IsuspectthatGreatBritainwillbe inastateofexhaustion,becausethe aftermathofwarhasalwaysformeda staleness.Greatdifficultieswillbe feltowingtopoverty.Propertywill becrippled.

"Inthesedifficulties,"FatherD'Arcy pointedout,"itwillbeeasyforthe Governmentinthenameofgenerous benevolenceorstep-mothertotake chargeofthingsandmoreandmore dominateliberty.

ServileStateDanger.

"Ifeelthatwemustwatch,lest, throughanyparticulartheorybehind it,weslipintoaformofbureaucracy whichwillresembletheServileState...

"TheformofdemocracyinEngland wemustholdontoistheonewhich hasitsrootsinthepast,givendownto usanddevelopedoutofaChristian origin.WithoutthisChristianorigin, democracyisboundtofalltopieces.

"Ibelievethisisthereasonwhy, whenothernationscollapsed,when otherpoliticiansshowedthemselves withoutsubstanceorpermanencein thiscrisis,thiscountrystoodfirm.It wasfoundedonChristiantraditions andthesetraditionswerenotdeaden- ed....

"Ademocracythathascomedown frommedievaltimeswithatruesense ofChristianprincipleswillsurvive.It isverysignificanttomymindthatin thecoronationserviceoftheKingit ispointedoutthatallpowerandauthoritycomesfromGod.

"ClingtoTradition."

"Youwillhavetowatchthepeople whowanttodestroythesetraditions. Wemustclingtothem,notdestroy them.Theonlyhopeforthefuture liesinaChristiandemocracy.Ifyou believeinGod,believethatevilisevil andgoodisgood,thenyouaregoing backtotheonlyauthoritywhichwill governouractionsanddirectthemas awhole."

INDIANCATHEDRALFORSALE.

TheoldCathedralofOurLadyof Hope,Bombay,hasbeenclosedandis tobesold,withitssite,byspecialpermissionoftheHolySee.

AnewCathedralisbeingbuilt. Thisispartofareorganisation schemefortheparishesofthecity adoptedbyArchbishopRoberts,S.J. Newboundarieshavebeenfixedfor theparishesandthreenewonesadded. Theoldcathedralwasbuiltmore than100yearsagoasanordinary church.Itbecameacathedralin1887 hutsincethenitsparishhasconsiderablydecreasedowingtomigrationof thepopulationanditissituatedina paganandunpleasantpartofthecity. eltianitomilismissuamosisinuitsgissionasimuittisiluni

ONEPRIEST ONECHURCH

ONECATHOLIC

ThelittletownofLakelandinFloridahas1Priest, 1Church, 1Catholic.

Thepriest-FatherJosephCassidy, O. sanewcomer.

Thechurchisnew;itwasdedicated recentlybyBishopO'Hara,ofSayannahAtlanta TheCatholicisnew-aconvert.

Why,then,thechurch?

BecauseFatherCassidyvisitedLakelandandtookhismotorchapelto thetownlastyear,andtheresponse tohisopen-airsermononwhatthe Churchteacheswasimmediateandremarkable. Withinaveryshorttime100colouredpeople,nowunderinstruction, willbebaptised.-"Universe."

PRESIDENTOFDUTCHCATHOLIC

PARTYDIESINNAZICAMP.

Mr.C.Goseling,presidentofthe DutchCatholicPartyandMinisterof JusticeintheColijnCabinet,hasdiedintheGermanconcentrationcampat Buchenwald,announced"TheTimes." HewassentthereaftertheGerman occupation.

Mr.Goselingwasattachedtothe DutchQeneralStaffwhentheinvasionbegan.

JUBILARIANNUNSERVED FATHERDAMIEN.

Honolulu.

SisterM.Elizabeth,oftheSistersof St.Francis,whopreparedandserved mealsforFatherDamienwhen-alreadystrickenwithleprosy-hevisited Honolulutoappealforhispatientsat Kalawao,hascelebratedhergolden jubilee.Shehasspent40ofher50 yearsinreligionwiththelepersof Molokai.

bornSisterElizabeth(OlindaGomes), inFunchal,Madeira,cameto Honoluluwhenshewas17.

TouchedbyFatherLeonore'splea ferhelpattheKakaakoreceivingstation,whereMotherMarianneandtwo othernunscaredforseveralhundred lepers,sheenteredthenovitiate.-"Universe."

ThePope'sNeighbours

Inadditiontothenewlymarried coupleswhoalwaysreceiveprideof placeintheHolyFather'sweeklypub- licaudience,therewererecentlyabout athousandpersonsfromtheparishof St.JohnoftheFlorentines,whichlies justacrosstheTiberfromtheVatican. Sincethisparishnowincludesthatof SaintCelsus,inwhichPiusXIIwas born,manyofthoseattheaudience werethePope'sschool-fellowsandthe neighboursofhisyouth,

Inthecourseofhisallocution,His Holinesssaidthatthesightofthefaces fromhisnativeparishbroughtback tohismindkindlymemoriesofthe parish,where65yearsagohewasborn, andwherehewasbaptisedthefollowingday.

Ineverycountry,saidtheVatican radiocommentatorreportingthisaudience,theloyalcitizensareanxiousto knowthedetailsofthefamilylifeof theirrulers,andwemay,therefore, giveafewdetailsaboutthefamilyof PiusXII.

ThePope'sfather,whowasbornin 1837,anddiedin1916,wasDeanof theConsistorialadvocatesattheVatican.HemarriedVirginiaGraziosi whodiedin1920,aged76),andthey hadfourchildren,ofwhomthePope isthethird.Theeldest,Giuseppa, wasbornin1872,andmarriedin1902. Shehasonesonandonedaughter.The second,Francesco,bornin1874,and diedin1935,wasoneoftheHolySee's chiefnegotiatorsinthepreparationof theLateranTreaty.whichreconciled theHolySeeandItaly.Hehadfour sons,oneofwhomdiedin1928asa Jesuitscholastic.Theyoungestsister ofthePope,Elisabetta,wasbornin 1880,andmarriedin1914.Shehastwo daughters,oneofwhomwasrecently married.

ThePacellifamilybelongstoOnano, Viterbo,butresidesinRome.Itwas inscribedinthegoldenbookofItalian nobilityin1853.ThePope'sbrother, Francesco,wasmadeaPapalMarquis byPiusXI,inrecognitionofhisservicesinconnectionwiththeLateran Treaty,Thetitleishereditary,passingtohiseldestson,anditwasrecognisedinItalybyletters-patentin1931. TwoofFrancesco'ssonsareadvocates. Theeldestisageneralcouncillorofthe VaticanCityState,andholdsmany otherofficesthere.Theothertwo arecolonelsinthePapalGuards,and oneofthemisadinterimCharge d'AffairesoftheLegationofCosta RicatotheHolySee.

CATHOLICNEGROESBULWARKTO COMMUNISTINFLUXINAFRICA

EUROPEANadministratorsinthe Africancoloniesreadilyadmit thatCatholicnativesarethe bestrampartagainstCommunism, whichhasbecomeagreatdanger amongnegroworkers,statedaspeaker ontheVaticanRadiorecently,who wentontosaythattheCatholic Churchhasaccomplishedagreatdeal inthesolutionoftheAfricansocial crisis.Ithastrainednativestowork andgiventhemaneconomicstanding.

PointingtotheexampleofthefamousmissioncentreofMarianhill,which hasworkedfortheculturalandeconomicdevelopmentoftheKaffirs,the speakermentionedthat"itpossesses thebestSouthAfricannegroschools andsplendidagricultural,industrial, handicraft,andsocialinstitutions,its economicandethicalprinciplesbeing recognisedofficiallyasamodelforgov- ernmentactivityinsimilarspheres."

Intheworkofimprovingthepeople's health,missionhospitalsandmaternityhomeshadbeenthemeansofreducinginfantmortality,whichamountedin1926inEastAfricatofarabove 50percent.ofbirths,to35percent. inthecourseoftenyears,whilethe

influenceofmissionarieshadcaused agreatdecreaseinhumansacrifice,poi- soningandimmorality.Thenatural conceptionofdeathhadreplacedthat ofwitchcraftasthecauseofdeath, which,initsturn,hadtobeavenged byviolence.

Statisticsontherapiddevelopment ofCatholicmissionsinAfricaaregivenbythesamespeaker,whosays:"Taking FrenchasaninstancetheCameroons, EquatorialAfrica,theBelgian CongoandUganda,in1927therewere inthishugeterritory1,063,000Catholics,whiletenyearslaterthenumber was3,909,000.TheCameroonsalone hadin191428,000,andin1939asmany as369,000Catholics.

"ThetwodiocesesoftheWhite Fathers,RuandaandUrandi(Belgian Mandate),hadin1920,32,000Catholics; in1938616,000,withmorethan300,000 prospectiveconverts.

"In1923thewholeof'Africahad 2,660,000Catholics,andin1939they numbered7,549,000.Therewerethen 51,000schoolswithtwo4j1ahalfmillionpupils,368hospitals,5,900Europeanpriests,and100nativepriests."