The Record Newspaper 27 March 1941

WeMustCo-operateWit

MrPaulMcGuireAddresses Australian-AmericanAssociation

Aneworderwasboundtocomecutofthepresentcrisis,andinthe taskofpost-warreconstructionitwasessentialthattheBritishand Americanpeoplesshouldworkincloseco-operation,saidMr.Paul McGuire,thewell-knownAustralianCatholicauthorandlecturer,in anaddressatthelargely-attendedinauguralmeetingoftheAustralian-AmericanAssociationattheCityHall,Brisbane.Mr.McG,iirs hasjustcompletedanextensivetouroftheUnitedStatesandEurope,andhisaddressgavehisaudienceaclearperceptionofthe thingswhichBritishandAmericanshadincommon.

Twoandahalfyearsago,when hehadspokentoaBrisbaneaudience, hehadprophesiedwar,saidMr.McGuire.Onthatoccasionhehadfelt alittlegrim,ashehadjustcomefrom Europe,andwasfeelingtheeffectofall hehadseenthere.Nowthewarwas anactualfact,buthismoodwasnot sogrim.Oneknewnow,notonlythe dangerstobefaced,buttheabilityof thepeopleto"takeit."Therewas anewhopethatweshouldcomeout victorious,andalsothataneworder wouldcome,inwhichallthepeople wouldbeabletolivelivesofreasonable libertyandsecurity.Suchanew ordermightcomeoutoftheappalling crisisofto-day.Buttheyhadtoface uptotheenormityofthetaskahead ofthem.

Itwasplainthatinthepresentcrisis the'-'wantedthehelpofAmerica,and itTduldbestupidanddishonestto ignorethatfact.EveryAustralian owedittoAustraliathattheyshould makeanefforttoestablish,withAmerica,asystemoforderthatwould securetotheirchildrenaheritagein theirownland.

Post-WarProblems.

Butthewarwasnottheonlything intheirminds,saidMr.McGuire.They werethinkingalsooftheproblemsof thepost-warworld.Thatworldwas goingtobeaprettyhardone,whoeverwonthewar.Theywerenot goingtocomethroughthewarwithoutgreatsocialandeconomicchanges, thatwereboundtoaffecttheirwhole wayoflife.Butevenrestrictingthe tasktotheimmediateproblemsof copingwithdisease,ofre-employment, oftrade,ofrepatriation-theywould befacedwithanenormoustask,and oneinwhichtheyneededthefullcooperationoftheAustralianpeopleand theAmericans.

WorldUnion.

Itshouldbeobviousbynowthat somesortofworldunionwasinevitable.Theywerenotgoingbackinto theanarchyandexcessivenationalism

oftheimmediatepast.Inscience,in education,intrade,inculture,they weremovingtowardsaworldthatwas growingknit;thatwasinasenseone comunity.Theymustthereforehake anexpressionofthepoliticalorderto correspondwiththateconomicandculturalorder.Hitlerhadhis''new order";they,too,mustrecognisethat theycouldnotkeeponastheyhad beengoing;theyhadtotrytodraw peoplestogethersothatthenations couldlivetogetherinorder,peaceand security.Andwithallthetalkof "neworders,"theonlypossibleorder forthemwasthatonewhichmeanta freeassociationoffreepeoples.

Historyhadgiventwoexamplesof suchanassociation:firstinthatextraordinaryexperimentwhichwascalledtheBritishcolonies,andagain, amongstallthepeopleswho,drawn fromahundredcountries,wenttoform theAmericannation.Itwasinthe experiencesoftheBritishCommonwealthofNationsandtheAmerican nationthattherealhopeofawider andlargerworldorderla's-,forwhile, ashehadsaid,theworldwasgrowing closer,iftheywantedtoformacommunity,theyhadtostartwithpeople whowerealreadyoflikeminds,andit wasplaintothekeenobserverthatthe BritishandAmericanpeopleswereof thattype.Theyshouldrecognise,then, thattheco-operationofthosetwo peopleswasthefirstbasisofthenew system;theyhadtoworkforit,and workhard,bothinAustraliaandAmerica.

AttheAustralianend,theirfirst taskwastoformastrongbodyofinstructedandeducatedpeople,who wouldbeatdownprejudicesthatexisted,andwouldbegintothinkclearly abouttheworkofco-operation.They hadtofacethefactthatprejudicedid stillpersistamongthemselves.Such prejudicewasalmostalwaysirrational, andtheyhadtofightagainstit.But, ontheotherhand,itwasnecessaryto recognisealsothethingsinwhichthe

MR.PAULMcGUIRE. theyshouldmakeitclearthat Americahadsomethingtogainfroma closerco-operationwithAustralia. twopeoplesdiffered,whileemphasisingwhattheyhadincommon.

TheAmericanRace.

PointingoutthattheAmericanwas notsomesortofcolonialBritisher,who tooksomestrangeturnintheEighteenthCentury,Mr.McGuiredrewa comparisonbetweentheBritishand theAmericans,andoutlinedthechief characteristicsthathadmadetheAmericanracewhatitisto-day.Like theBritish,theAmericancameofa mixedstock.Itwasextraordinary torealisethatinrecentyears32,000,000 immigrants(almostequaltothepopulationoftheBritishIsles)hadflocked totheUnitedStatesfrommanydifferentcountries.Thatracialmixture broughtitsproblems,anduptothis stageitwasverydifficulttoexpect inthecountryacommonmind.Yet, inhisoponion,therehadbeenaccomplishedaremarkabledegreeofprogress towardsunity.Inbarelytwogenerations,withanextraordinaryvarietyof peoples,theyhadpracticallybuilta nation.Thathadbeenpossiblebecausethenationhadadoctrine.It hadbeenabletoteachthepeoplethe democraticdogma-forthatwaswhat itamountedto. Isolationism.

Still,intheendlessvarietyofthe Americanracethereremainedaseriousproblem.Itexplained,forexample,Americanisolationism.Atthe rootofthatwasthefactthatthemajorityofthepeoplewhowenttoAm-

ericadidsotoescapethetroublesof Europe.Theysoughtinthenewland peaceforthemselvesandtheirchildren,andtheirtendencywasnowto stayoutofthetroublesofEurope, whichtheyhadleftbehind.Theyhad apassionforpeace.Theywouldfight onlywhentheybelievedtheirlast rightswerechallenged.

ButhewassurethatwhateverSenatorWheelerandtheextremeisolationistsstillhadtosay,theAmericanpeoplewerefirmlyconvinicedithatthe presentwarwasastrugglebetween whattheyhadalwaysseenaslight andwhattheyhadalwaysseenasdarkness.

Theirinterestscoincidedwithour interests,buttherewasaneedforAustralianstomakeeveryefforttosee whyAmericahadstoodout,andnotto judgerashly.Andtheyshouldlook beyondthewar,andthinkofthefuture,fortherewasachancethat,when thewarwasover,theAmericansmight reactastheydidattheendofthe lastwar,andreturntoisolationism.

TheDogmaofDemocracy.

Thespeakerdealtatlengthwiththe greattraitoftheAmericancharacter, apassionforfreedom.TheAmerican,hesaid,believedpassionatelyin thedogmaofdemocracy.Itwassomethingintheheartandmindofevery American,clearlyseenandclearlyunderstood.

Thenewlyarrivedimmigrantswere taughtthatdoctrine,whichwasto themnotmerelyanintellectualconelusion,hutalmostwhattheCrownwas totheBritish-thecentreoftheirloyaltyandtheverycoreoftheirnational' life.Itwasexpressedinthenoblest ofphrases:"Menarecreatedequal, andendowedbytheirCreatorwith certaininalienablerights."Thatmeant something,andexpressedsomethingof whatwasfeltalsoinAustralia,and wasdeartoAustraliansundertheheadingofsocialjustice.

TheAmericanbelievedthatagood societywasonewhichdevelopedfrom thatideal,andinAmerica,morethan almostinanyothercountry,therewas thepursuitofthatideal.Itmeant thattheyshouldhavethepossibility ofareasonablyorderedanddecent life,socialsecurity,protectionoffamilylife,allthatwasunderstoodbySocialJustice.ThatwastheAmerican idealwhichreallyexisted,thoughit mightnotalwaysbeputintopractice.

Unfortunately,itwasnotaworldwideideal.Therewerepeoplewho preferredtheblaringtrumpetsandthe trappingsofmilitarymight;whopre- ferredthesubjectionoftheindividual tothatstrangeentity,theTotalitarian (ContinuedonBackCover.)

WHY THEKOOKABURRA Laughs

Thejudgeaddressedtheprisoner. "Wasanyotherpersonwithyou:in this?Didyoucommittherobbery quitealone?"

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YoungFather:"Inyoursermonthis morningyouspokeaboutababybeing anewwaveontheoceanof Minister:"That'sright.Doyou thinkafreshsquallwouldha.'ebeen nearerthetruth * * * *

Whenthetimecametochooseacareer,thesonandheirtoldhisfather thathethoughthewouldliketotake uppoultry-farming.

Fatherwasfranklysurprised.That wasnotthesortofbirdhe'dexpected hissontobeinterestedin.

"Well,"hesaid,withasniff,"you mightmakeastartwithowls;their hourswillsuityoubetter."

Goeringwantedmorenightbombers -veryurgently.Sohewentalongtoa factory. "Iwantadozenofyourplanes,"he ordered;"theymustbereadythree nightsfromnow."

"Impossible!"exclaimedtheworks manager. "Icommand."roaredGoering."The crewswillbehereatthetimestated."

Thetimecame,andsodidthecrews. Germanefficiencyhadtriumphed; thereweretheplanes.Withoutloss oftimetheysetoutfortheirtargetEngland.

OverLondontheleadingpilotpulled thebomb-releaselever-andoutdroppedthreeofthefactory'snightshift.

Shehadjustbeeninterviewinganew gardener,withthebenefitofher mother'sadvice.Afterthingswere fixedupandthemanengaged,sheaskedtheolderlady:

'Whydidyouinsistonmetakingthe littleone?Thetallmanhadthenicer face."

"Whenyou'rechoosingamanto workinthegarden,mydear,facesdo notcount,"repliedmother."Lookat histrousers.Ifthey'repatchedatthe kneesyouwanthim;ifthey'repatchedontheseatYoudon't."

Hewassmall,butverypompous.Enteringtheteaship,hesatdownata tableandeyeciwithdisgustafew crustslyingthere.

Pickinguptheclothbyitsfourcorners,hestruttedtothedoorway,shook theclothintothestreet,returnedtohis table,replacedthecloth,andsatdown again.Bythistimethewaitresshad arrived.Glaringatherangrily,he said: "DoyouknowwhoIam?I'mMr. Beascom,fromtheHall."

"Oh-"repliedthegirlcalmly."I thoughtyouwereMr.Bats,fromthe Belfry!"

Meetingthenewlodgeronthestaircase,thelandlordbeamedathim.

"Good-morning,sir,"hesaidpleasantly."Andhowdoyoulikeyournew quarters?"

Thinkingoftheroomshehadjust seenforthefirsttime,thelodgerreplied: "Quarters? They'reonlysixteenths!" * * *

Travellingonabusroutestrangeto her,theoldladywasveryanxiousnot topassherdestination.Suddenlyshe leanedforwardandpokedtheconductorintheribswithherumbrella.

"IsthattheBankofEngland,my goodman?"sheasked.

"No,ma'am,"repliedtheconductor coldly;"it'sme!"

Twowomenmetinthestreet.One wascarryingaparcelandwasasked whatitwas.

"Oh,it'ssomeham,"wasthereply. "IalwaysbuyhamatSandy'sStore. Myhusbandisveryparticularand likesSandy'shambest."

Theotherthoughtshewouldtrythe hamandoffshewenttoSandy'sStore.

"Iwantsomeham,"shesaid. "Whatkind?"askedtheshopkeeper. "10h,thesameasMrs.McDonald gets."

Therehadbeenabrassbandcontest inaScottishtown,andthewinners werereturninghomebytraininvery jubilantcondition.Thesmallestman ofthepartysatinacornerseatand persistedinsinging"ScotsWhaHae," "WillieBrewedaPecko'Maut,"and otherditties.Theinstrumentswere packedinthecarriage.

Atthestationjustbeforereaching Edinburghaticketcollectorappeared atthedooraniidemandedtickets.The littlemanbecameseriousatonce,and said,solemnly,"I'velostmaticket!"

"Lostyourticket?"saidthecollector. "Youcanthavelostyourticket.They werecheckedatQueensferry."

"Idon'tknowaboutthat,"saidthe littleman,dolefully,"butI'mtellin'ye I'velostmaticket."

Thecollectorinsisteduponthelittle mansearchinghispockets,thetrain beingheldupmeanwhile,buttheinvestigationwasinvain.

"I'mtellin'I'velostmaticket!"the manrepeated.

"Butyoucan'thavelostit,"saidthe collector,It'simpossible!"

"Impossibleisit?Thenletmetell veit'snaethineofthekind.young man,forI'velostmabigdrumas well!"

Anoldfarmerandhiswifedrovet, marketonewetday.Largepoolsof waterhadformedontheroadwaybetweenthefarmandthetown.Onthe returniourneyhemetanoldfriend.

"(Andhowareyouto-day?"wasthe friendlygreeting.

"Verywell,thankyou,"answeredthe farmer.

"Howisthewife?"continuedthe friend.

"Fine,"saidthefarmer."She'sbehindthere"-ierkinehisthumbtowardstheharkofthewagon.

"She'snotthere!"exclaimedtheastonishedfriend. Thefarmerturnedandlookedover hisshoulder.Thenhesaid,coolly. "Humph!Thataccountsforthe splash."

"NewsfromtheOutpost,"published byAmericans-in-BritainforAmericans athome,givesthefollowingextract fromaletterwrittenbyan"evacuated" Londonschoolteacher:-

"Mychildren arewildlittlecreatures,eightypercent.ofwhomhave beenthroughthebattleofLondonup todate.ButtheyhavetheCockney airofdefiance.Yesterdaywecame acrosstheline'Oh,tobeinEngland!' Iwaitedforsomeonetogoon,butno sign.ThenIsaid,'Thatisthefirst lineofafamouspoem.Doyouknow whowroteit?'Hitler!'someone shouted.Therewasawildyellofjoy fromthewholeroom."

"Speedingthepartingguest'might bedescribedasoneofthenegative virtuesofhospitality.Awomanrather overdidthepart.

Shewassayinggood-byetosome visitorswhohadlongoutstayedtheir welcome.

"Itwassosweetofyoutoletusstay solong,"theysaid,witheffusion.

"Oh,I'msogladyou'vebeen,"she replied,withobviousrelief.

Thesoldierwasexplainingthetheory ofshootingtohisgirlfriend.

"Yousee,wehavetocalculatethe distanceoftheobjectwewanttohit, andthenallowforthepowerofattractionoftheearth."

"Butsupposeyouareshootingover water?"

"Oh,that'smorethanyouwouldunderstand-besides,I'mnotinthe Navy."

Mrs.Dumblywiswaitingtobeservedinthebootshop.Presentlyagirl assistantapproachedher.

"Whatsizesl doyouwear, madam?"sheinquired.

"Well,"saidMrs.Dumbly,"Ibought sizefourlasttime."

Thegirllookedpuzzled.

"Yes,madam,Iremember,"shereplied;"butyou'rebuyingthispairfor Yourself,aren'tyou?" * * *

Anenemybombfellclosetothe cottageofanoldwomanwholivedby herself.Thebombdidnotexplode, andtheA.R.P.wardenswenttotell hershemustleavethecottage.

"Oh,aye,"shesaid."Willyoutell mewhy?"

"Hitlerdroppedatimebomboutsideyourdoorway,"repliedawag amongthewardens."Itmaygooff anyminuteandblowyouup."

Theicegavewayandagreatholeappeared.Thenaman'sheadcameup. Theparkkeeper,crawlingcautiously alongaladder,reachedtheedgeofthe ice."Comecloser!"heshouted,"and I'llhelpyouout!"

"Notmuch,"saidthevictim."I

Theshopkeepersmiled,andleaning confidentiallyoverthecounter,asked: "Wham'syerbottle?"

"Well,lookyouhere,"saidtheold woman."I'verefusedtoleavethis housefort'landlord;I'verefusedto leavefort'bailiffs;andI'llbehanged ifI'llleaveitforHitler."

can'tswim." "Can'tswim?"sneeredtherescuer. Why,it'sonlyuptoyourarmpits!"

"Oh,no,itisn't,"wastheretort."It's aboutsevenfeetdeep.I'mstanding onthechapwhobroketheice!"

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ReligionandScience

"Enquirer,"Hamilton,N.S.W.: IamnotamemberofyourFaith,but Ihavebeenveryinterestedinitfor someyears.

IamsureyourinterestintheCatholicChurchwillincreaseasyoulearn moreaboutit. Earneststudywill certainlybewellrepaid.

Iwouldliketohearyouranswerto thefollowingdifficultieswhichIhave culledfromvariousbooksandarticles.ItisnotthatIpersonally attachanygreatweighttothem,but Iwouldliketoheartheotherside. Youropen-mindednessdeservesevery commendation.

WhatistheattitudeoftheChurchto theconflictbetweenreligionandsci ence?

Whatconflictbetweenreligionand science?Thereisnotinfact,and therecannotbeinprinciple,anyreal conflictbetweenatruthofreligionand atruthofphilosophyorexperimental science.

Thereisnoconflictinfact,forour opponentscannotmentionanyestablishedtruthofsciencewhichcontradictsanyteachingoftheCatholic Church.

Therecanbenoconflictinprinciple becatiseGodistheauthoroftherevealedreligiontaughtbytheCatholic Church,aslieistheAuthorofreason andofnature.NowGodistruthand truthisone.Truthcannotcontradicttruth.Whathasbeenshownto betrueinanygivenscienceholdstrue foreveryintellectandallscience.

Whilethereisnotandcannotbeany realconflictbetweenanestablished truthofscienceandatruthofreligion, theremaybe-andsometimesis-a conflictbetweenthetruthsofreligion andthetheoriesputforwardbyscientists.Buttheoriesarenotfacts;and nooneismorekeenlyawareofthis thanthegenuinescientist.Thenumberofseeminglywell-establishedtheorieswhichhavefoundtheirwaytothe junk-headofscienceismorethansufficienttocounselcautionwhenoneis temptedtoconfuseatheorywithademonstratedtruth.

Finally,itmaybeobservedthat whatisusuallycalledthe"conflictbetweenreligionandscience,"isnearly alwaysaconflictbetweenreligionand materialisticphilosophymasquerading asscience.Forthepurposeofattackingreligionallsortsoftheoriesare portrayedas"undeniablefacts,"andit isthenconfidentlyassertedthatreligioncannotbereconciledwiththese facts."Thatisthemethodemployed byH.G.Wellsandotherpurveyorsof thedeadMaterialismoftheXIXth. Century.Butitisnotscience;itis pseudo-science;materialisticphilosophyabusingthenameandpopularityofsciencebecauseithasnoworthwhilegroundofitsownuponwhichto stand.

ThePlaceandWorthofMan.

YourChurchholdsmaninhighesteem asthehighestcreatureintheuniverse,andteachesthattheindividualpersonisofinestimableworth.

TheChurchteachesthatmanismade intheimageandlikenessofGod;that hepossessesaspiritualandimmortal soul;thathisdestiny,subjecttoman's freeco-operation,istheintimateand everlastingpossessionoftheInfinite Good,whichisGod.Heisthehighestcreatureinthevisibleuniverse.

Butinabookcalled"TheMysterious Universe,"SirJamesJeansshows thatman,theearth,and,indeed,the wholesolarsystemareutterlyinsignificantamongstthevastbodies whichpeoplethealmostunthinkable spacesanddistancesoftheuniverse.

SirJamesJeansisrighttotheextentthat,asfarasmeresizegoes, manandthewholeearthtowhichhe belongsareutterlyinsignificant.But heisguiltyofahugefallacyinmeasuringquanitativestandards;injudgingthembytheirsize.Themostinsignificantfishishigherinthescaleof realitythanthewholevastoceanin whichitlives;forthefishisliving andtheoceanisnot.

Manpossessesintelligenceandfree will.Forthatreasonheishigherin thescaleofrealityandhisintrinsic worthisgreaterthanalltheanimal creations,andallthestarsofspace combined.Intelligenceandfreewill arehigherkindsofrealitythanmasses ofincandescentgas,evenwhenthey happentobemillionsofmilesindia-

meterandaremillionsoflightyears awayfromtheearth.

Theintelligenceofmancanapprehendthestars;measurethem;ascertaintheircompositionandthelaws whichgovernthem.Butthelargest ofthestarscannotknowormeasure theveryleastofmen.SirJames Jeanscanstudythestars,butthestars cannotstudySirJamesJeans.

TheBibleandtheOriginoftheEarth.

Heshowsthattheplanetsoriginated byaccidentwhenapassingstardraggedhugemassesfromtheoriginal sunbytheforceofgravitation.These massesgraduallycooledtoformthe planetswhichweknowto-day.

Ifbytheword"shows,"youmean thatheprovesthis,theansweristhat hedoesnothingofthekind.Heproposesthattheoryasapossibleexplanationoftheoriginoftheearth andotherplanets.Buthedoesnot provenorattempttoprovethatthe planetsoriginatedinthisfashion.Much lessdoesheattempttoshowthatit happened'byaccident." Howwouldyoureconcileitwiththe accountofthecreationofthesun, theearth,themoonandthestarsas givenintheBookofGenesis?

Itwillbetimeenoughtothinkof reconcilingtheteachingoftheBookof Genesiswiththetheoryunderdiscussionwhenfourpointshavebeenestablished:(a)whenithasbeenshown beyondreasonabledoubtthatthe planetsoriginatedinthemannerenvisagedbythetheory;(2)whenithas beenshownthatthewholeprocess wasaccidental,withoutanyguidingintelligencebehindit;(3)whenthelaws ofPhysicsandChemistry-whichhave beenoperatingatthetime-havebeen satisfactorilyexplainedwithoutreferencetoaDivineIntelligence;(4)When ithasbeenshownthatthe"original sun"andtheotherstars,oratleastthe matterofwhichtheyarecomposed, areself-existentandself-explanatory, andneednoCreator.

Untilthesefourpointshavebeendemonstrated,thereisnoreasonwhy weshouldbecalledupontoreconcile theMosaicaccountofthecreationof theheavenlybodieswiththetheory underdiscussion.

But,assumingforthesakeofargument,thattheplanetsdidinfactoriginatethroughthemassesdragged outoftheoriginalsunbyapassing star-atheorywhichisprobable snoughexceptfortheunnecessaryand unwarrantedassertionthatallhappenedbyaccident-therewouldbenothing inthesupposedfactopposedtothe teachingoftheBookofGenesis.It istherestatedthatGodcreatedthe earth,thesunandalltheheavenly bodies.Butthereisnoreasonfor supposingthattheywerecreatedimmediatelyanddirectly.Itisfarmore likely,andquiteinconformitywith theteachingoftheBible,thatGoddirectlycreatedthematteroftheuniverse.Fromthismatterdirectly createdbyGod,thebodieswenow findintheuniversegraduallyarose bytheoperationoftendenciesimpressedinmatterbytheCreatorfrom thebeginning.

Ontheotherhand,thetheoryunder discussiondoesnotattempttoaccount forthefirstoriginofthestellaruniverseorthematterofwhichitiscomposed.Thereforeitdoesnottouch thequestionofcreation.Thewhole universe,beinglimitedandcontingent, isneitherself-explanatorynorselfexistent,andthereforenecessarily pointstoacreativeIntelligenceasits ultimateSourceandExplanation.And oncetheexistenceofGodisadmitted, itisabsurdtosaythatanythinghappensbychanceoraccidentasfaras Godisconcerned.

* * *

thegreatercomesfromtheless;the effectcontainsmorethanthecause, andwethusfindourselveswithacroi' ofhugeabsurdities.

SirJamesJeanssetsouttogiveus scienceand.asfaraspossible,toavoid philosophy.Nevertheless,throughout hisbookheturnsfromsciencetophilosophy-perhapsunconsciously.That isverymuchtoberegretted;forwhile hissciencemaybeexcellent,hisphilosophynotinfrequentlybordersonthe childish.

God'sInterestinHumanAffairs.

Inviewofwhathesays,Ifindithard toseehowtheCreatorcanhavethat interestinhumanaffairswhichtheologyattributestoHim.

Yourdifficulty,likethatoftheauthoryouquote,isoneofimagination. Becausemanissopunyandinsignificantontheearth,andtheearthitselfsotinywhencomparedwiththe scoresofmillionsofimmeasurably largerbodiesandtheunthinkabledistancesofspace,youcannotconceive howGodcouldbeinterestedinwhat happensuponearth;anymorethan youcanconceivehowamancouldbe interestedinwhathappensonagrain ofsandinsomevastexpanseofdesert orseashore.Inotherwords,unconsciouslyandinspiteofyourself,you arethinkingofGodasasortofsuperman,withthepowersandlimitations ofasuper-man.Youforgetthat,if Godexistsatall,HeistheInfinite Being,infiniteinpowerandwisdom andeveryotherperfection.Andby "infinite"Imeanin-finite;absolutely withoutendorlimit.PreciselybecauseGodistheInfiniteBeing,and notasortofgreatbigman,Hisknowledgemustextendtoeverythingthat is,knowingeverythingthatisknowableaboutitinminutedetail.BecauseHeistheCreator,Hemustbe intimatelypresentineverythingthat is,sustainingitinexistence.BecausefieistheinfiniteLordandRuler oftheuniverse,HisProvidencemust extendtoeverythingthatexists,guidingeachindividualandtheuniverse asawholetotheendsforwhichthey werecreated;measuringthingsnot merelybytheirsize,butbytheirin trinsicdignityandworth.

* * *

GalileoandPapalInfallibility. WhatisthebearingoftheGalileo episodeonthePapalclaimtoinfallibility?

Itdoesnotaffectoreventouchthe Papalclaimtoinfallibility. The ChurchteachesthatthePopeisinfalliblewhenhespeaks"excathedra."' namely,whenhespeaksofficiallyas theSupremeHeadoftheChurchon somepointoffaithormoralstobeheld byallCatholics.

*

TheOriginofLife.

SirJamesJeansmaintainsthatlifein generalandmanlikewisecameinto existencebyaccident. Hesuggeststhatview,butdoesnot attempttoproveit.Thefactisthat hecannotproveit.Fornotonlyhas thatviewnosolidscientificevidence tosupportit,butitisfundamentally irrationalandunsound.Iflifein general,andhumanintelligenceand personalityinparticular,originatedby accidentfrominorganicandnon-living matter,thentheplan,designandfinalitysoobviousinlivingthingsowe theirorigintoanirrationalaccident;

NowthecondemnationofGalileo wasnottheworkofthePopeinperson,butofagroupofofficials;itwas notaddressedtothewholeChurch; andnofinaldefinitionwasgiven.It shouldbeclear,then,thattheprerogativeofPapalinfallibilitywasnotinvolvedinthecondemnationofGalileo.

But,without'botheringtoascertain themeaningofthedoctrineofPapal infallibilityorthefactsoftheGalileo case,peoplewithacontroversialax: togrindhavenothesitatedtouse Galileoasanargumentagainstinfallibility,orasproofthattheChurchis theenemyofscience.

Bytheway,howdoyoureconcilethe Papalclaimtoinfallibilitywiththe factthatthePopeisamereAMP?

Itishumantoerr!

Infallibilitydoesnotmeanthatthe Popeisfreefromtheinnateliability ofhumannaturetomakemistakes.It simplymeansthat,whenadecision,involvinginfallibilityistobegiven, ChristHimselfwillseetoitthatthe Popedoesnotmakeamistake.The reasonofinfallibility,therefore,isnot inthePope,butinChristOurLord, whoisGodaswellasman;whocannotdeceiveorbemistaken;whowill preserveHisChurchanditsearthly headfromerrorasHepromisedtodo.

AnOldLegend.

Isthereanytruthinthestory,which Ireadsomewhere,thatintheXVth. CenturythePopeorderedthechurch bellstoberunginordertoscare awayHalley'scomet?

Nonewhatever.ThestorywasinventedbvLaPlace,wholateradmittedthatithadnofoundationinfact. Neverthelessithasbeenrepeatedin -:ariousformsbysupposedlyrespon-

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HOMEDESIGNERSANDBUILDERS. 98ST.GEORGE'STERRACE.

sibleauthors.ThePopeisportrayed asexcommunicating,exorcising,anathematising,cursingandconjuring awaythecomet;whileDraperpictures himasattemptingtoscarethecomet awaybytheringingofchurchbells. Thedocumenttowhichsuchauthors refer,thePapalBullofJune29,1956, doesnotevenmention.thecomet.It simplyasksfortheprayersofthe ChristianpeopleagainsttheTurkswho weremenacingthecivilisationofthe West.Theringingofchurchhells wasthen,asitisto-day,simplyacall toprayer.

Itstruckmeatthetimeasbeinga rathertallstory. Youarefortunatelynotoneofthose whoseprejudiceissuchthatthey wouldbelieveanystoryabouttheCatholicChurch;thetallerthebetter.

MayIsendinmorequestionslateron, ordoyourestrictquestionstoone letter?

Withinreason,youmaysendinquestionsasoftenasyouplease.Ihope youwillfindtheanswerstothoseyou havealreadysentinsatisfactoryand helpful.

A"BibleChristianfl

"BibleChristian,"PortAugusta,South Australia.

IamaconstantreaderoftheBible andatrueChristian.

Thefactthatyouareaconstant readeroftheBibledoesnotnecessarily meanthatyouareatrueChristianin

thesensethattheformofChristianity whichyouprofessisthecompleteand genuineteachingofChristHimself. Beforeyoucanreasonablyclaimtobe atrueChristianinthesenseexplained, youmustbeabletogiveasatisfactory answertothefollowingquestions:(1)

OurCatholicSchoolsandColleges

CHRISTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY

OneoftheAssociatedPnblie SchoolsofW.A.

AquinasCollege

TELEPHONE:MU520

ForBoardersandDayStudents Boysadmittedfrom7upwards BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanningBridge. ForParticularsapplytoThePrincipal,AquinasCollege,CanningParade,Mt.Henry.

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL HIGHGATE-PERTH

'Phone:B3810.

(ConductedbySistersNotreDameDesMissions). BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORGIRLS. PUPILSPREPAREDALLEXAMINATIONS. MONTESSORISCHOOLFORYOUNGCHILDREN ForProspectusapplyREV.MOTHERPRIORESS

LoretoConvent"Osborne"-Claremont BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE. TheSchoolprovidesasoundeduca:ionunmodernlinesinallbranches atstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforal'examinations.TheSchoolis beautifullysituatedbetweenOceanandRiver,inextensivegrounds, withfineplayingfieldsandprivateSwimmingPoolinRiver Telephone:F2135. Apply- MOTHERSUPERIOR

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGE

NEWNORCIL

CONDUCTEDBYTHEMARISTBROTHERS.

ForParticularsApplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR

Onwhatgroundsdoyouassumethat theBiblecontainsthewholeteaching ofChrist?Thereisnoclaimtothis effectintheBibleitself.(2)What guaranteecanyougivethatyourinterpretationoftheteachingcontained intheBibleisthetrueinterpretation?

WhileyourwilltofollowChristis tobecommendedandimitated,itmust beadmittedthatthegroundsupon whichyoubaseyourclaimtopossess Hisfullteachingareexceptionally flimsy.

* * * "ElaborateDogmasandRitual." Christpreachedasimplereligion,very differentfromtheelaboratedogmas andritualoftheRomanCatholic Church.

IfyouthinkthatChristpreacheda simplereligion,freefromdifficultand mysteriouselements,andrequiringno particulardoctrinalbelief,youwould bewelladvisedtotakeuptheNew Testamentonceagain,andstudythe wordsofChristrecordedtherein.Are yousurethatyoupossessthecorrect

Thursday,March

interpretationevenofapparentlysimplepassages?Wouldyouclaimfor yourselftheinfallibilitywhichyou denytothePope?

Whatyoucallthe"elaboratedogmasoftheCatholicChurch"aresimplyaccurateexpressionsoftheteachingof Christ,formulatedbytheinstitution foundedbyChristHimselftoteach Hisdoctrinetomen. ChristtaughttheloveofGodabove allelse,andstressedtheserviceof ourfellowmen.

Correct.Christcommandedusto loveGodaboveallthingsandourfellowmenforHissake.Andthatisa dogmaoftheCatholicChurch.But Hetaughtmanyotherthingsaswell, thethreefoldPersonalityofGod,forinstance,andtheexistenceofHell.He didnotleavemenfreetodenyone iotaofwhatHetaught.

TheChurchdoesnot,asyouseemto imagine,obscureorperverttheteachingofChrist,butsafeguardsandex plainsit,sothatallmenmaykno'w withcertaintythefullteachingof Christ.

CatholicEducation

"J.B.H.,"Sydney.

Ihavelistenedtoyoursessionoverthe airandhaveoftencondemnedthe Catholiceducationsystem. ManypeoplecondemntheCatholic educationalsystem;usuallybecause theyknowlittleornothingaboutit,or areunawareofthevitalimportanceof religioninalleducationworthyofthe name.

TheCatholicChurchhasalwaysinsistedthatreligionmustbethevery coreofrealeducation.Andthedisastrousfailureofgodlesseducationhas ledmanyleadingnon-Catholicthinkers tothesameconclusion.Thus,forexample,theRev.Dr.Barton,Protestant ArchbishopofDublin,declaredina recentSynodalAddress:"Theidea,all tooprevalent,thatsecularteaching canbedivorcedfromreligiouseducationwillhavetoberealisedtobeutterlyfalse.Ifanewworldistobe built,thelivesoftheyoungergenerationwillhavetobebuiltupontruth, andtheultimatetruthisGod."

Similarly,Prof.M.L.Jacks,Director ofEducationintheUniversityof ford,writesasfollows:

"Alloureffortstowardsabetter worldorderhavefounderedonthe samerock:wehavelackedafaith-a faithinGodwithapurposeformankind,andafaithinmankindastheinstrumentofHispurpose.Wehave,in fact,triedeverythingexceptreligion.. WehaveleftGodout.Theworld lacksasoul,andallthemachinerywe havecreatedforamorepeacefulorder lacksananimatingspirit:thusthe worldisdying noeducationalsystemcanendureexceptinsofarasit isrootedandgroundedinGod and GodmustbeineducationifHeistobe inlife."("GodinEducation.")

Theforegoingaretypicalofthenumerousstatementswhichcouldbequotedfromthewritingsandspeechesof prominentnon-Catholicswhohave cometotherealisationthatwithout religionthereisnorealeducation.But theCatholicChurchanticipatedthem bycenturies.

Moreover,itmaybeobservedhere thattheCatholicChurchhasnoneed toapologiseforhermethodsandachievementsinthesphereofeducation. TheChurchfirstpopularisededucation, foundedpracticallyallofthegreatuniversitiesofEuropeand,ingeneral,has donemoreforgenuineeducationthan anyotherinstitutiononearth.

AHappyResult.

ButIwassurprisedtoseeagirlfrom aCatholicschooldosowellinan essaycompetition.

YouareapparentlyreferringtoMiss PatriciaGarside,apupiloftheSisters ofCharity,St.Francis'School,Paddington,whowasawardedthefirst prizeintheCommonwealthfortheallschoolcompetitionon"TheValueof WarSavingsCertificatesasPartof Australia'sWarEffort."Shewas;also thewinnerinasimilarcompetitionconductedwithintheStateofNewSouth Wales.InMartinPlace,shewaspre- sentedwithachequebythePrime Ministerforherremarkableachievement.

LastFridayIwentalongtoMartin Placetoseeherandwasagaintaken abacktoseesoniceagirl,andthe wayshespokemademethinkofall thehardthingsIhadsaid.

YouroppositiontotheCatholic Churchwasobviouslynotduetomalice,buttothefactthatyouknew nothingaboutit.Whatyouthought youknewaboutitwasdoubtlessdrawn fromsuspectsourcesandwasallwrong. Ihavewatchedthedailypapersbut couldfindnoaccountofheressay. Thatisnotsurprising.Butthetext ofheressaywaspublishedintheSydney"Freeman'sJournal,"issueofJanuary23,1941.Ifyousendmeyour nameandaddress,Ishallpostyoua copyoftheessay.

PerhapsIwillnotbesoreadytorun Catholicsdowninthefuture.You mustgivehonourwhereitisdue. Yourreadinesstoretractviewswhich younowrealisetohavebeenunjust anduntrueisproofofyoursincerity andgoodwill;andverymuchtobe commended.Youarehappilyriot oneofthosemisguidedpeoplewhoare so prejudicewarpedandpoisonedbyingrained andbigotrythattheywould notallowanyweightofevidenceto altertheirviewsoftheCatholicChurch.

* * * *

MISCELLANEOUS.

"OddBod,"CentralQueensland.

ThoughtheNationalCatholicRural Movementisprimarilyamovementof thelaity,itissponsoredandstrongly recommendedbytheCatholicBishops ofAustralia.Ithagalsoreceivedwarm commendation fromnon-Catholic bodiesinterestedinruralmatters.

TheVirtueofPatriotism

LOVEOFCOUNTRY SUBORDINATEDTO LOVEOFGOD

Patriotism,likeothervirtues,toberightlyunderstood,mustbeviewed initstotality.Distortioncreepsinimmediatelywhenoneaspectofit isstressedtotheexclusionofothers.Oneofthecommonesterrorsofthe dayistheconfusionofPatriotismwithexclusiveNationalism.The truePatriot"serveshiscountryaccordingtotheWillofGod,not contrarytothatWill."

Oneofthemostcharacteristicand atthesametimedistressingfeatures ofthelastonehundredyearshasbeen thequestioningofallestablishedbeliefsandmoralvalueswhichhasaccomplishedthegrowthofscientificagnosticism.TheVictorianagnostics, whileunderminingbeliefintheChristianCreed,atthesametimeinsisted thatthevirtuesandmoralcodebased onthatteachingshouldremain.Itis notsurprising,therefore,thattheir descendants,actinginamorelogical manner,shouldalsoincludethelatter intheirattack.

Oftherecognisedvirtuesnonehas beensubjectedtomorecriticismand ridiculethanPatriotism.Tothe Pacifistitisapurelyartificialandundesirablesentimentwhichisfostered bythepresentmethodsofteaching historyandwhichnowthreatensthe veryexistenceofourcivilisation.The MarxistontheotherhandseesinPatriotismameanswherebytheruling classisendeavouringtoperpetuatethe subjectionoftheworkers.

PatriotismTrueandFalse.

Theprobableexistenceofanelementoftruthinboththeseviewpoints mustbeadmittedwhenwerealisethat thewordPatriotism,whichshoulddenoteloveofone'sFatherland,hasbeen misusedalmostasmuchastheword Loveitself.Justasthelattercovers, inadditiontoreallove,calflove,brutallustandegoism,soPatriotismisextendedtoincludeanumberofsimilar perversions.

Particularlyatthepresenttime whensomuchthatisobjectionable masqueradesunderthenameofPatriotism,itisdiffifficulttorefrainfrom joiningwiththesehostilecriticsinreferringtothisqualitywithcynical contempt.

ButweasCatholicsshouldavoid fallingintoerrorbecauseofthedangerweshareincommonwithallheretics-theinabilitytoseeanythinginits rightperspectivebecauseourattention isfocussedtoointenselyononeofits particularaspects-andweshouldtry todiscoverwhatthePatriotismasdescribedinScott'simmortalpoemhas incommonwiththemodernbrandof Nationalism.

Withintheheartofeverynormal manthereissomethingdeeperthan personalinterestsandpartyfeeling; thedesiretodevotehimselftotheserviceefhiscountry.Thisbondofthe membersofanationwasconsidered bythegreatthinkersofancientGreece andRomeasthehighestofthenatural virtuesdisinterestedserviceofthe State,1-eingregardedastheidealof humanduty.

WhetherPatriotismistoremaina virtueandnotdegenerateintoavice dependsontheideainthemindsof thecitizensandtherulersastothe natureoftheState.

Itisessentialtorealisethetunda mentalprinciplethattheStateisnot necessarilyworthmorethantheindividualinthefamilyseeingthatthe goodofthefamilyisthecauseandreasonfortheorganisationoftheState. ThistrueconceptionoftheState wasvaguelyappreciatedbytheGreeks andRomansofthepre-Christianera, butitwasnotuntilclassicalthought hadbecomepermeatedwithChristian teachingonthesubjectsofjusticeand charitythattheidealeverapproached realisation.

ThenoblePatriotismofearlyRome asexpressedinthefamouslineofHorace,"Dulceetdecorumestpropatria mori"("Itisrightandnobletodiefor one'scountry")graduallydegenerated untiltherearoseinthemindsofrulers theideathattheStatewassimplya Molochonwhosealtarlivescouldbe lawfullysacrificed.ThegrowingdespotismoftheCaesarsduringthedecliningyearsoftheEmpirenourished theideathattheStatewasomnipotent andthesolearbiteronallquestionsof rightandwrong.

InthereconstructionofEurope whichfollowedthebreak-upofthe ancientcivilisation,theChristianteachingandpracticeexercisedaprofound leaveningeffectonman'sconception ofthenatureandfunctionoftheState. TheidealthattheStateexistsforthe commongoodofitsmemberswasmore

nearlyrealisedinpracticeduringthe MiddleAgesthanatanyotherperiod intheworld'shistory.

TheteachingoftheChurchwasnot alwaysabletorestrainthenationalistic aimsofsomeambitiousrulers,butby thegreaterpartofthepopulationduringtheMiddleAgesthevirtueofPatriotismwasplacedinitstrueposition. Therewasaprofoundappreciationof thefactthatthethingswhichbelong toCaesarareoflessimportancethan <MM..

By"MILES,"inthe"N.Z.Tablet."

thosewhichbelongtoGod,andloveof countrywasgenerallysubordinatedto loveofGod.

Moreover,thereexistedinEuropea universallyrecognisedauthority-the Pope;buttheReformation,following ontheRenaissance,repudiatedthis authorityandsincethenPatriotism hasdevelopedinvariousundesirable ways.FrombeingtheloveandserviceoftheNationinthepositiveaspectwhichprizedthecontribution madebyone'snationtotheintellectualandspiritualprogressofmankind, Patriotismhasgraduallydevelopedits negativeaspectwhichpointswith greatestpridetothewealthorthe powerwhichthenationhasseized fromtherestofmankind.

WhiletheReformation,bydeprivingEuropeancultureofitsorganic unity,wasoneoftheprimarycauses ofthedegenerationofPatriotisminto therabidgrandofNationalismsoprevalentto-day,itmustberealisedthat suchadevelopmentisnotconfinedto Protestantnations.ThesubordinationofPatriotismtoReligion,thatis, thesubordinationofloveofone'scountrytoloveofGod,isnomoreprevalentinpracticeinCatholicthaninProtestantcountries.

Oneseeksinvaininthehistoryof thelastfourcenturiestodiscover whereCatholicshaveplacedtheirreligionbeforetheirnationwhenreligious andnationalloyaltieshaveclashed.On theotherhand,thecaseswhereReligionhasbeensacrificedtoNationalism areonlytoopainfullyobvious.Inthe 17th.centuryCardinalRichelieu,the politicalleaderofCatholicFrance,alliedhimselfwiththeProtestantprinces ofScandinaviaagainstCatholicAustria,ofwhomhewasjealous;during theSpanishCivilWartheI3asqueCatholicssupportedtheRepublicancause againstFrancointhehopeofgaining regionalautonomy,whileatthepresenttimewefindCatholicItalyalignedwithpaganGermanyandAtheist Russia.

WantofConscience.

TheexistenceofthisclovenconscienceamongCatholicswithregardto socialmatterswasscathinglycondemnedbythelatePope,butitisevenmore deservingofcondemnationinthepoliticalfield.AsFatherStratmanpoints outinhisbook,"TheChurchand War,"thereisnoplaceinCatholic theoryforaPatriotismthatinsistson onemoralityfortheFatherlandand anotherforprivatelife;butmanyCatholics,beingmenandpatriots,succumbtothistemptationanddivide theirChristianityintoSundaysand week-days,forgettingthattheirreligionmustgowiththemeverywhere andalways,notexceptingtheirpoliticallife, ThisattitudeonthepartofCatholics betraystheinfluenceofthetheory thatthestandardofStatemorality cannotbethesameasthestandardof theindividual,whichwasfirstpropoundedbythatevilgeniusoftheRenaissanceperiod,NiccoloMachiavelli.

Itisagraveindictmentofmodel"' civilisationthatthemajorityofrulers andlegislatorsarefarmoreinfluenced byhisphilosophyofpoliticalopportunismthantheyarebytheteachingof Christ.Thisstateofaffairsindicates notonlyawantofconsciencebutalso wantofinsight,foranimmoralpolicy alwaysfailsinthelongrun.

ThegravestofEnglishstatesmen, WilliamGladstone,utteredaprofound buttoooftenneglectedtruthwhenhe

said:"Whatismorallyfalsecannever bepoliticallytrue."

Oneofthemostcharacteristicfeaturesofthelasttwodecadeshasbeen thegrowingtendencytodividemen onallimportantquestionsintotwo mutuallyexclusiveandhostilecamps. Whatisdemandedisanarrowpartisanspiritwhileanyobjectiveeffort todiscoverwhatistrueintheteachingsofeithersideincursthehatredand contemptofbothparties.

Thechildishpolicyofexclusiveness, soobviousintheidealogicalfield,has insinuateditscontaminatinginfluence aroundthequestionofPatriotismand placesthemodernChristianina awkwardposition.Forhimcompro- miseisoutofthequestion;toconsistentwiththeteachingofChrist hemustnotonlydisapproveofthat Chauvinismwhichisnourishedmore byhatredofothernationsratherthan byloveofone'sown,butalsoatthe sametimecondemntheattitudeof thosePacifistswhoclaimtheyhaveno dutiestowardstheircountry.

Patriotismremainsinahealthyconditiononlyifitoccupiesitstruepositioninthelifeoftheindividual.Unless thePatriotrecognisesthathemust neverallowhisnaturalloveofhis countrytodisregardtheclaimsof Faith,JusticeandCharity,whichvirtuesdependonChristianteachingfor someobjectivestandardofreference, thereisalwaysthedangerofhisPatriotismdevelopingintoanexclusive., typeofNationalism.FortheChristianloveofhiscountryshouldbesubordinatetohislovefortheKingdom ofGod.

AsFatherStratmann,theGerman Dominican,pointsout,"heonlyisa truepatriotwhoiszealousforhisnationtoresembleGod,wholoveswhat GodlovesandhateswhatGodhates, whoserveshiscountryaccordingto theWillofGod,notcontrarytothat Will."

WM,R.SWEENEY

PURVEYOROFHIGHCLASS MEATS. PhoneF2391.

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THEBREADBAKEDBY- CORLETTBROS. (Late isSuperiortothatbakedbyothers.DeliveriesSouthPerth,Victoria Park,andBelmont. Procera,White,and100percent.Wholemeal,Vienna,andHerculesTheStarchFreeGermLoaf. 'PhoneM1278,orcallattheBELMONTBAKERY.

FORPLEASANTSHOPPINGANDFRIENDLYSERVICE, TRADEWITH W.J.STAMMERS,CanningHighway FORSMALWOODS,PRODUCE,HARDWARE,PAINTS,WINES, ALESANDSPIRITS,ANDTHEFRESHESTGROCERIES. MELRAYSTORENO.8.

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3McMILLANSTREET,VICTORIAPARK: 877BEAUFORTSTREET,MAYLANDS. 'PHONES:M1227andU1439. "THERE'SALOAFOFQUALITYINEVERYSLICE."

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128BROADWAY. NEDLANDSLEADINGBUTCHER.

PEERLESSBREADMANUFACTURERS

BahamasBecomeVicariate WithBenedictineBishop

ThePrefectureoftheBahamaIslands-ofwEchtheDukeofWindsor isGovernor-hasbeenraisedtothe statusofaVicariateApostolic,Vatican R'tdioannounces. ItisunderstoodthatthefirstVicar Apostolic--whowillberaisedtothe episcopate-willbeDomFelixNelles, 0.S.B.,ofSt.John'sAbbey,Collegeville,Minnesota.

Forseveralyearsthefiveislands lavebeenunderthejuri:o.ctionofBishopJohnBernardK,vsnhoersts:, 0.S.B.HehasbeenthePrefectApostolic.PrefectsarenotusuallyBishops, buthewasconsecratedin1933,four yearsaftertheislandshadbeenseparatedfromtheNewYorkArchdiocese. Before1929theBahamaswereunder thejurisdictionofCardinalHayes,who visitedthecapital,Nassau,eachyear forhisholidaysandtoconductepiscopalvisitations.

Twelveofthe14priestsintheBahamasareBenedictinesfromCollegeville, andwiththeexceptionofoneIrish-AmericantheyareGerman-Americansor Austrian-Americans.BishopKevenhoersterwasborninGermany.The AbbotatCollegeville,DomAlcuin Deutsch,isthechiefpromoterinthe UnitedStatesofaliturgicalmovement tocounterwhathedescribesas"the heresyofCommunism,NationalSocialism,andFascism."

Theofficialinaugurationofthenew prefecturein1932wascelebratedwith HighMassintheopenairattendedby CardinalHayesandthepresentArchbishopofBoston,CardinalO'Connell, andbytheGovernorandCommanderin-Chief,theHon.SirBedeClifford,a Catholic.

TheerectionoftheBahamasintoa vicariateforeshadowstheeventualestablishmentthereofanewdiocese."Universe."

UsurpingthePrivilegesof Parenthood

GREATRISESINFRIGHTENING STUDENTSINTOVIRTUE.

Analarmingtendencyoftheschools tousurp,unbidden,theprivilegesof parenthoodisdecriedbyAnnL.Crockett,apublicschoolteacher,inanarticleentitled"ShouldtheSchools TeachSex?"inthemagazine"Liberty,"saystheNewYorkNCWCNews Service.Sheanswerspositivelyin thenegative,andmentionsmany harmfulresultsthatwouldcomefrom suchaprogramme.

"I'veseentablemanners,health habits,'respectforparents,'obedience, honesty,unselfishnessandallother commonvirtuestaughtbyabewilderedteachertrainedinmathematics," thewritersays,inhercriticismof thosewhobelieve"aparentnomatter howthoughtfulorwisecannotpossiblydobetterthanturnovertothe schoolsthebiologicalentityknownas achild.Justfeedhim,clothehim, gethimtoschoolontime;theteacher :willdotherest."

"UnimaginativeBlundering."

"Someofthemoderneducators' ideasareharmlessenough,"thearticlecontinues."Butwhentheyproposetointroducesexeducationinto thepublicschools,whentheybrazenlyassumeomnipotenceinallfieldsof emotionaswellasknowledge,Icannotrefrainfromprotestingagainst theirunimaginativePlundering."

Afterreviewingstatisticsandquotingspecificcasesofdelinquency,Miss Crockettsays:"Whatdothesestatistics,thesedeplorablecases,show?Do theyprovethatthereisneedforsex educationintheschools,forenlightenmentastothefact;oflife?Iflatly refusetoadmitthattheydo.They provemerelythat,amongmillionsof highschoolyoungsterstherearesome wholackapropersenseofmoral values,ofpersonalrestraint.Inno casesfrommyschool-andI'veknown dozens-wastheoffenderignorantof theconsequencesofthesexualact.

"Toexplaintothem,inaformal courseofstudy,thefactsoflifeand punishmentofsocietyhassetupfor transgressorswhogetcaughtwouldbe aboutaseffectiveasitwouldheto explaintoJohn,anincurablethiefrecentlyexpelled,thatstealingwas wrongandpunishal-,1:.bylaw.To maintainthatinformationastoconsequenceswillactasadeterrentis simplychildish.Theyknowwhere babiescomefrom.

"Granted-andIhesitatetogrant eventhismuch-thatanoccasional boyorgirlmightbesavedfromdisgraceandruinbybeingtaughtin schoolthefactsconcerningvenereal diseasesandchildbirth,itwouldcome atacostfartoohighwhenmeasured intermsofharmfuleffectsuponnormalboysandgirls.Icanseenojustificationforthetremendousrisksinvolvedinadoubtfulattempttofrightenafewstudentsintovirtue. IndividualDifferences.

"Howcantheproponentsofsex educationthinkofpupilsascontainers intowhich'weteacherscanpourexactlytherightamountofinformation atexactlytherighttime?Here,asin noothercourse,wouldthepsychologist'sknowledgeof'individualdifferences'needtoberevoked.Further, itisamistaketoassumethatthereis

anydefiniteageorgradewhensex mightbegintobetaught.Theappropriatetimetobeginiswhenthe childmakesacommentorasksa question.

"I'mafraidthecrusadersarenot sufficientlyrealistictoseethegreatest mockeryofall:themockeryofsettingupaprogrammewhichwould havetobecarriedout,inthelast analysis,byemotionallyimmature spinsterschoolteachersandcallow youngmenwhoareteachingbecause theycannotfindaplaceinindustry. Ifmyfacultyistypical,Ishudderto thinkoftheconsequencesofalecture onsexfromanyofour50oldmaidsor 10timidyoungmen,allofwhom mightlistenthemselveswithprofit."

S.BEECROFT-Butcher

181RokebyRoad,Subiaco. DnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSold. 'PhoneW1373.

ROC/ETONROADSTORES (W.H.BEVAN).W.M.1337. SPECIALISESINDRESSED POULTRYANDFRESHEGGS. AlsoStocksGroceries,Vegetables, SmallGoods,etc. OurPricesArePerthPrices.

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JOSEPHEDWARDS

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SECRETARY

Land,EstateandGeneral CommissionAgent AgentforAbsenteesandInvestors MortgagesArranged,Rentsand InterestCollected,SecretarialWork Undertaken.

MISSMARYEDWARDS, ForTypingandDuplicating

WestAustralianChambers, IFirstFloor)

St.George'sTerrace toPsl..ceHotel)

Rev.BrotherKeaney'sSilver

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GlowingTributestoBrotherKeaney andClontarf

AGATHERINGrepresentativeOf themanyfriends,inmany spheresoflife,madebythe Rev.BrotherKeaney,Diroctorof Clontarf,sincehecametothisState sixyearsago,metatthePalaceHotel lastThursdayevening,whenacomplimentarydinnerwastenderedtohim inhonourofhissilverjubilee.

Includiec1amongtheguestswere VeryRev.Dr.McMahon,Rev.Canon E.M.Collick,Mr.PresidentDwyer, Mr.A.Schroeder,S.M.,Messrs.H.Millington,E.Needham,I.G.Boyleand C.Cross,M's.L.A.,theLordMayor(Dr. Meagher),theMayorofFremantle(Mr. F.E.Gibson),theMayorofSubiaco (Mr.W.Richardson(,theCommission. erofPolice(Mr.D.Hunter),ChiefInspectorDoyle,theChairmanofthe LotteriesCommission(Mr.J.J.Kenneally),theTownPlanningCommissioner(Mr.D.L.Davidson),Drs.T.H. Donnelly,B.O'KeefeJ.W.Horan, CouncillorsBoasandT.Langley,Lieu. tenant-CommanderGabbedy,R.A.N.; Messrs.T.Ahern,F.F.Anderson,H.L.Brisbane,A.Brown, E.F.Brown,R.J.Bryant,J.Chesson, H.Church,W.A.Clowes,A.Clydesdale,F.J.Collins,R.Connabear,V..1 Crock,M.F.Crowne,T.Cullity,P. Davidson,A.Davies,T.Deane,D.B. Dease,M.Dillon,H.A.Doust,C.G. Evans,J.Farrell,W.Flynn,J.Filewood,P.Fitzpatrick,J.Gaynor,J.H. Glowrey,E.W.Godfrey,L.Good,J. Higgins,L.J.Hopgood,H.C.Howard, W.Hunt,J.Jennings,L.Johnston,C. Kavanagh,H.G.Lynch,J.F.Lynch (lateDirectorofTechnicalEducation), J.Lyons,L.McColl,W.E.McInerney, J.J.Monaghan,P.J.Mooney,M.E Murphy,M.Nallen,F.Nicholson,J.G. O'Dea,P.F.O'Dea,T.Outridge,J.J. Prendergast,J.J.Raphael.H.G. Reedy,E.J.Reilly,L.J.Rodereda,A. Rutter,D.L.Ryan,W.A.Schurer,A. D.Scott,R.Shanahan.L.E.Shapcott, A.Smith,C.Strickland,E.Tomlinson, J.H.Townsend,J.Tully,J.L.Walsh, F.Webb,andW.Young.

TheorganiserwasMr.F..J.Bryant

TheChairman(Mr.PresidentDwyer) andsupportingspeakerspaidmanyeloquenttributestoBrotherKeaney. Theyhadgatheredtopayhonourto BrotherKeaneyonthe25th.anniversaryofhisadmissiontotheIrishChristianBrothers,saidMr.President Dwyer.HisOrderhadbeenstarted in"rtrelandinthe19th.centuryto bringtheblessingsofeducationtothe poor.Ithadsucceededwellinits purposeanditsschoolsandcolleges werefoundineverypartoftheEnglish-speakingworld.Andnotonly hadtheOrderfoundededucationalinstitutionsbutorphanages,farmschools, industrialandtechnicalschoolsand homesforthesub-normal.Inthis StatewehadsomeoftheseinstitutionsinClontarf,TardunandCastledare.Therechildrenwhohadlost theirparentswerebroughtupinfine surroundings,wheretheircharacters coulddevelopunderthebestpossible environment.

Onthisoccasion,however,theywere mainlyconcernedwithClontarf,for thatwastheinstitutiontowhichBrotherKeaneybelonged.Clontarftodaywasalittletownsite,anditspresidinggeniuswashisdearoldfriend, BrotherKeaney.Hewouldcallon otherspeakerstoproposeandsupport thetoastofBrotherKeanev,andhe couldsaythatwhateverwordsof praisetheyutteredwouldfindaresponsiveechoinhisownheart.

ThetoastofBrotherKeanywasproposedbyMr.J.J.Kenneally,whosaid thathehadbeenassociatedwithhim formanyyearsinmanycapacities,in thatBoys'TownatClontarf.lieknew himforamanwhoneversparedhimselfincarryingouthisduties,andwho neversparedhimselfifhesawgoodto hedoneoutsidehisownparticular sphere.Manyaboyowedhissuccess inlifetoBrotherKeaney,formanya boyhadbeengivenupasanincurable delinquentuntilBrotherKeaneycame along.BrotherKeaneysimplytook theboyunderhiscare,andassurely ashedidsoanotherboywasputon therightroad.Hewastheboys'

friend,anddidnotaskwhereaboy camefrom.Inotherdaysthedestiny ofanorphanedchildwastobeahewer ofwoodandadrawerofwater-he couldneverbeanythingmore.This wasnotsosinceClontarfhadcome intobeingandbeenorganisedalongits presentlines.Inmanycasestheorphanswerebettercaredforthanwere otherboysintheirownhomes.

IftherewereanychangeofdirectorshipatClontarf,saidMr.Kenneally,it wouldbeagreatlosstotheInstitutionandtotheState.ForBrother Keaneyneversatbacktotakesatisfactionfromwhathehadachieved.He alwaysaimedashighasitwaspossible toaim,andthatwasthesecretofthe growthofthelittletownofClontarf. ItwashishopethatBrotherKeaney wouldremainatClontarftoputthe copingstoneontheworkthathehad begunandhaddevelopedsofar.

VeryRev.Dr.McMahon,whowas thenextspeaker,saidthatherepresentedHisGracetheArchbishop,and thathewaschargedtoconveyBrotherKeaneyHisGrace'sfelicitations andcongratulationsontheattainment ofhissilverjubilee.Dr.McMahon readaversehehadwritteninhonour oftheoccasion.Itwasgreatlyappreciatedandroundlyapplauded.

Mr.AlwynSchroeder(SpecialSragistrateoftheChildren'sCourt)referred tohiscloseassociationwithBrother Keaney,andsaidthathehadcometo relyonhimsomuchthathewasdreadingthedaywhenBrotherKeaney mightbemovedtoanotherinstitution. Mr.Schroederrecalledthatwhena magistratefromMelbournehadpassed throughPerthattheconclusionofa worldtour,hehadmarvelledatClontarf.Hehadsaidthatinallhistravelshehadneverseenanythingtosurpassit.Herecalledalsothatwhena partyofpsychologistsfromtheUniversityhadundertakentovisitallthe institutionsandtoreportonthemthey hadbeguntheirreportbydescribing BrotherKeaneyasagenius."Heis amanaftermyownheart,"saidMr. Schroeder.''WhenIfirstsawClontarf andtheworkofBrotherKeaney,I saidtomyself:'Hereistheworkthat Ishouldliketobedoing.'But1realisedthatIcouldneverequalthe geniusofBrotherKeaney.

"WhenIhavea'toughguy'and don'tknowwhattodowithhim,"continuedMr.Schroeder,"IcallinBrother Keaney.'I'lllookathim,'isallhe says.Wellhehas'alook'athimand IknowthenthatIshallneveragain haveanytroublefromthatboy."

BrotherKeaney,hesaid,wasaboy amongboys.Heunderstoodandlovedthem,andtheyunderstoodandlovedhim.Hecouldmakeanyboy's eyessparkleandhecould'pullany boy'sleg"untilhehadhimopenmouthedwithwonder.

OnefeatureofClontarfwasthatany oldboyoftheinstitutionwhowasout ofworkwouldalwaysfindshelter there.ItwasatributetoBrother Keaneyandtheinstitutionthatthey werealwaysgladtocomebackfora timeuntiltheygotontheirfeetagain

Atthisstageofthefunction,Mr. FrankBryant,theorganiser,readseveraltelegramsandlettersoftribute.

Thefollowingsentmessagesofapologyfortheirinabilitytoattend:The Premier(Mr.Willcock),Mr.Justice Wolff,Mr.W.J.Wallwork,P.M., Messrs.E.Nulsen,A.R.G.Hawke, RossMcDonald,C.G.Latham,andP. Collier,M's.L.A.;InspectorCampbell, Dr.D.A.Quinlan,theHeadmasterof HaleSchool(Mr.C.Hadley),Messrs. C.B.Gibson,J.P.Durack,K.C.,L. Doyle,Si.Lynch,J.H.Stewart,J.J. Mather,E.0.Davies,M.Cranley,L V.O'Hara,E.A.Dunphy,E.LeB. Henderson,F.Tully,F.Connaughton, M.Cogan,P.Collier,junr.,P.R.Jackson,J.Fitzpatrick,R.Paxton,andC. O'Malley.

ItwasannouncedalsothatWingCommanderPearcehadrungfromMel-

Jubilee

REV.BROTHERKEANEY. bournetothehoteltoexpressregret athisabsenceandtodeliverapersonal messageofcongratulationtoBrother Keaney.

Mr.T.AhernspokeoftheTardun FarmSchool,withwhichBro.Keaney hadbeenconnectedwhenhefirstcame tothisState.To-daythisfarmschool wastraining100Englishboyswhohad recentlycometoWesternAustralia saidMr.Ahern,andtheboyswerereceivinganeducationequaltoare givenatthesecondaryschools.Already12werebeingpreparedforthe Juniorexaminationandothersforthe LeavingCertificate.

HerecalledthatwhenBrother KeaneyfirstwenttoTardunhehad nothingbutatentforhisquarters.Todaythefarmwaswellequippedwith allthenecessaryfarmbuildings,a schoolandaconvent,wheretheSistersattendedtothehealthandwellbeingoftheboys.

Glowingtributeswerealsopaidto BrotherKeaneybyChiefInspector Doyle,CanonCollick,Mr.L.E.Shap.

cott,Mr.J.J.Monaghan,theLord Mayor,andtheMayorofFremantle. CanonCollickexpressedhisgratitude fortheassistanceBrotherKeaneyhad giveninestablishingtheSwan138-ys' (Anglican)Orphanageonthesame linesasClontarf.Itwasduetothe generousassistanceofBrotherKeaney thattheSwanBoys'Orphanagewas insuchagoodpositionto-day,said CanonCollick ApresentationwasmadetoBrother Keaneyonbehalfofthosepresent.

31BULLIONPICTURESOF PETAIN.

InParisalonethree-and-a-halfmillionportraitsofMarshalPetain,head oftheFrenchState,havebeensold, theproceedsgoingtoafundfor Frenchprisonersofwar.

BEFORETHEENDCOMES.

ItwillnotbelongbeforetheNo.93 CharitiesConsultationwillclose.A fewticketsremainforsale.Getone ofthesebeforetheendcomes.Every ticketyoubuyintheNo.93Charities Consultationhasachancetowinthe firstprizeof£6,000.

CENTRALCATHOLICLIBRARY 36PIERSTREET. LIBRARYRATES. Metropolitan.

1Bookfor12months 12s.6d.

2Booksfor12months

3Booksfor12months f17sed

OLDCLOTHESWANTED FORST.VINCENTDEPAUL SOCIETY.

MEN'S.WOMEN'S,ESPECIALLY CHILDREN'S.

EuthanasiaaWarProblem

AirRaidsbring"MercyKilling" UnderDiscussionAgain

Dr.ThomasColvin,whocontributed thisarticletothe"CatholicTimes,"has diedsuddenlyinGlasgowattheage of78years.

FEWSundaysagoFatherEu,s.

tareDudley,S.J.,whenpreachingintheChurchoftheSacred Heart,Edinburgh,saidthattheadvocatesofeuthanasiawereincreasingin numbersandininfluence.Hissermonremindedmethat,fiveyearsago, whentheVoluntaryEuthanasiaBill forlegalisingsuicideforthosewho weresufferingfromapainfulandincurablediseasewasbeforethepublic, Istronglyopposeditinthenon-CatholicScottishpress,solelyonmedicosocialgrounds.Italsoremindedme thateuthanasiamayloomlargeinthe publicmindafterthewarbecause therewillbesomanypeoplemaimed andmutilatedwhowillbeaheavyfinancialburdenoneverybelligerent State.

Thoseinfavourofeuthanasiaargue thatifwehadadog,oranyotheranimal,inpainandwecouldnotrelieve itspainwewouldkillit.Whynot putoutofexistenceahumanbeing withapainfulandincurabledisease? AsFatherDudleyandothertheolo giansclearlypointout,thereisno comparisonbetweenthelifeofananimalandthatofahumanbeing.Our soulsandbodiesarecreatedbyGod. Theyarenotours,butIlis.Hencewe havenomoralrighttodisposeof themasweplease.Wehavealsoa dutytoourneighbour.SinceGod hascreatedhimanddestinedhimfor acertainenditisourdutytoprotect hisrighttolive,nomatterhowpainfulorincurablehisdisease.

LivesNotOurOwn.

Itishereinterestingtonotethat eventhelawofGreatBritainrecognisesourlivesarenotabsolutelyour own,forifweattemptsuicideanddo notsucceedweareliabletobepunish. edforouract.Inarecentcaseatthe OldBaileyaprisonerwastriedforattemptingtokillhiswife.liepleaded "mercifulkilling."Hesaidthaton accountofhisfinancialworrieshesaw thatmiseryandstarvationwerethe futureofhiswifesoshewouldbeLaterdead.

Insentencinghimtoimprisonment theJudgesaidthereweretoomuch sloppythinkingon"mercifulkilling." Itwasthecivillawofthelandthat nohumanbeing,nomatterhowmiserablehislotinlifemightbe,hadthe righttodeterminehisowndestinyor thatofothers.

IncurableDisease.

Whatisapainfulandincurabledisease?

Fifty-twoyearsdgo,whenIwasa studentattheUniversityofGlasgow, myteacher(whowasoneofthegreatestphysiciansthatScotlandeverproduced-thelateSirW.T.Gairdner,

F.R.C.)alwaystoldusthatinthe vocabularyofatruephysicianora truesurgeonthereshouldneverbethe term"anincurabledisease."Ifthey werebaffledintheireffortstocurea diseasetheyshouldpersevereandalwaysstrivetofindacureforit.

Manydiseaseswhichwelookedupon inmystudentdaysasincurableare curableto-day.Surgicaloperations thatwouldnotbeperformedhalfa centuryago,fortheywouldhave meantdeathtothepatient,arenow performeddailywithanabsolutecertaintyofcuringthepatient.

Inmystudentdayswedidnotknow oftheexistenceofXandotherrays, ofradium,andendocrinology,orvitaminsandothermethodsofcure,so thatthedeathrateto-dayisonlyhalf thatoffiftyyearsago.Henceenthansiawouldbeanadmissiononthe partofthemedicalandsurgicalprofessionthattheywerebankruptinresearch,andalibelonthelabourious andbrilliantworkofresearchersin everylaboratoryintheworld.

Whatisapainfuldisease?

Thetypicalexampleofapainful diseaseiscancer,andyetIhaveseen manycasesofcancer,wherethenerves werenotinvolved,inwhichthepatient wasfreefrompainandlived,notonly months,butyears.Atthepresent daywhenwehavesomanyexcellent anodynes-ananodynerelievespainnooneneedsufferpain,andthedoctorwhoknowshisprofessionwillnot allowthemtosufferpain.

'Safeguard/1ratEuthanasiaBill.

WhatarethesafeguardsoftheEuthanasiaBill?

Thepatientwhowouldbequalified toapplyforenthanasiamustbetwenty-oneyears'oldandofsoundmind. Imighthereinterjectthatnooneof soundmindwouldapplyforwhatwas actuallysuicide.Hemustbecertified bytwodoctorsthathisdiseasewas painfulandincurable.Isthediag nosisoftwodoctorsthatadiseaseis incurableaninfalliblediagnosis?Dr.

R.A.Fleming,oftheRoyalHospital forIncurables,inEdinburgh,haspubliclystatedinhisannualreportof thatinstitutionthatformanyyears theaveragenumberofpatientswho werecertifiedbymedicalmenasincurable,andwhoweredischargedas curedandabletoreturntotheirwork, wastenpercent.oftheinmates.In otherwords,twentypatientswhowere certifiedbymedicalmenasincurable wereeveryyeardischargedascured.

Ihaveoftengivenexpertmedical evidenceinaccidentcasesinGlasgow andEdinburghlawcourtsandhave heardtwo,oritmightbethree,eminentsurgeonsononeside,flatlycontradicttheevidenceofanequalnumberofeminentsurgeonsontheother side.Asforthelawyers-andthey wouldhaveabigsayintheadministrationofaeuthanasiaBill-theywere evenmoreatseathanthedoctorson themeritsofthecasebeingtried.

TheWilltoLive.

Isnotthewilltolivethedeepestand mostintenseofallourdesires?Imust havesignedinmydaythousandsof deathcertificates.Forty-sixyearsago, whenresidentphysicianintheCity ofLondonhospitalforChestDiseases, Isigned,onanaverage,threedeath certificateseveryday,forthepatients hadadvancedlungandheartdiseases. InallmylargeandvariedexperienceofseeingpeopledieIhavenever yetbeenaskedbyadyingpatientto putanendtohisexistencebyan anodyne.Ialwayssawfromtheir speechandfacialexpressionthattheir uppermostthoughtwasadesiretolive andnottodie.

Dr.Fleming,whoseopinionIhave alreadyquoted,statesthatnotoneof hismanyso-calledincurablepatients haseveraskedhimforananodyneto sendthemtothenextworld.

Wouldeuthanasianotdestroythat implicitconfidenceinhisdoctorwhich isoneofthetraditionsofthemedical profession?Whatwouldbethe thoughtofapatientifheknewhis doctorhadthelegalpowertosend himintothenextworld?Woulda patientnotrefusetogointoanhospitalfornecessarytreatmentwhenhe knewhewouldbeonlyclinicalmaterialtoteachmedicalstudents,and later,post-mortemmaterialforthe pathologist?Wouldeuthanasianot temptunscrupulousrelativestogetrid ofapatientforthesakeofhismoney oraheavylifeinsurance?Wouldcallouschildrennotbeencouragedtoget ridoftheirparentsintheiroldage whomtheyhadtosupport,andcallousparentstogetridofchildrenwho weremaimedforlifebyaccidentand forwhomtheyhadreceivedalarge sumofmoney?

VoluntaryBill-AndWhy.

ItistobenotedthattheBillisvoluntaryforthesimplereasonthatitis easiertopassaBillthatisvoluntary throughtheHouseofLordsorthe HouseofCommonsthanacompulsory measure.Andisisnotafactthata voluntarylegislativemeasureislikely tobecomeacompulsoryonewhenits advocateshavesufficientpowerto makeitso?Ifcompulsory,itwould meantheputtingoutofexistenceall thosewhowereoldandfeebleandde crepitandaburdenonthepubicrates.

Compulsoryenthanasia,inpractice, woulddryupallthesourcesofpity andcompassionforhumansuffering andbeNazisminitsmostbrutalform.

Afterthewartherewillbemany schemesbyParliamentandbysocial reformers,foranewandbetterBritain.Amongtheseschemesarecertaintobeproposalstomeettheenormousfinancialcostofthewar.This willbeagoldenopportunityforthose whoadvocateeuthanasia.Theywill argue:whycripplethefinancesofthe nationbykeepingalivethosewhowere maimedandmutilated,beyondany hopeofrepair,inbattlestosaveour lives,orinairraids?Whynot,for theirsakesandforthesakeofour financialstability,putthemoutof existence?Everyrightthinkinghumanbeing,andespeciallyeveryCatholic,mustbeonthealerttooppose, withallhismight,sofoulandsobrutalaproposalforthesemennobly foughttosaveourlives,andthewomen andchildrenwhowerevictimsofair raids.

CatholicsandtheWar.

Thereisnodoubtthat,attheend ofthewar,itwillbefoundtheCatholicsofGreatBritainhavebeenthe greatestsufferersbyit.

MysonandIhaveaverylargegeneralmedicalpracticeofallclassesand allcreeds,sowhenthewarbeganwe tookacensusofourpatientswhohad joinedthecolours.Weinvariably foundthatamongourCatholicclienteleweremanyfamilieswherethere weretwoorthree,orevenfourof them,inthearmedforces.Nolater thanlastnightanoldpatientofmine toldmeshehadsixsonsonmilitary service,fourintheairforceandtwo inScottishregiments.Nowitwas rareforustofindmorethanoneson ofournon-Catholicpatientsonactive service.

Thereasonwasnotfartoseek.For aquarterofacenturyIhavebeenwritingintheCatholicpressonbirthcontrolanditsdisastrouseffectonour nationallife.

MusicintheCathedral onPalmSunday

I.-BlessingofthePalms.

Theceremonyopenswiththechoir singingthewordsofthemultitudeat Christ'striumphalentryintoJerusalem,-HosanatotheSonofDavid; blessedisHethatcomethinthename oftheLord.KingofIsrael!Hosanna inthehighest!"Thisisaveryfine pieceofGregorianChant.Between anEpistleandGospelthatthenfollows,thechoirsingtheResponsorium: "OntheMountofOlivesHeprayed totheFather:'Father,ifitbepossible, letthiscuppassfromme.Thespirit isready,butthefleshisweak;nevertheless,Thywillbedone.Watchand pray,thatyeenternotintotempta- tion."

Afterthecelebranthasblessedthe palms,duringthedistributionthechoir singthefollowingAntiphon,firstin GregorianChantandthentoPalestrina'smusic.Thecarefulobserver willfindinthelatterawonderfuldescriptioninmusicofthewholescene. Theeffectofthecrowdshouting"Hosanna"attheendisveryremarkable.

DuringtheprocessionthechoirsingshortexcerptsoftheGospels,describingthetriumphalentry.Whenthe processiongoesoutofthechurchseven boysremainbehindandthechurch doorisshut.Frominsidethechurch theysingthehymn"Glory,praiseand honourbetoThee,0Christ,Kingand Redeemer,"whichisansweredbythe processionwaitingwithout.Thiscompleted,thedoorisopened,thechoir singingastheprocessionenters,the church. IL-TheMass.

ThisislikeanyordinaryMass,apart fromthesingingofthePassion.The MasstobesungisPalestrina'sMissa "AeternaChristiMunera."TheOffertory"Improperium"willbesungtoa four-partsettingbyMitterer.Thisis ofasadsombrecolour,asthewords, heregiven,demand:

"Myheartexpectedreproachesand misery,andIwaitedforonewhowould sorrowwithme,andtherewasnone;I soughtforonewhowouldconsoleme, andIfoundnone.Theygavemegall inmyfood,andinmythirsttheygave mevinegartodrink."

Theorgan,ofcourse,issilentduring thewholeceremony.

Haditnotbeenforthepropaganda ofMarieStopesforbirthcontrol,and widespreaddisseminationofbirthcontrolliteratureandtheestablishment ofbirthcontrolclinics,Britainwould havehadto-dayamillionmoremen ofmilitaryage.

Iwishittobeclearlyunderstood thatIneveradvocatedthebringingof childrenintotheworldtobeused, whentheygrewup,ascannonfodder, butalwayspleadedforthebirthof childrenwho,whentheyreachedmanhood,wouldbeabletoprotecttheir parentsandthemselvesandtheireq,untryagainstnationswholookedupon increasedbirthsassomuch"cannon fodder."

CatholicTroops.

Toconfirmourestimateofthegreat numberofCatholicsintheBritish forcescomparedwiththeCatholicpopulationofBritainanditsnon-Catholic population,Ihaveaskedtheopinion ofseveralCatholicchaplainsatpresent withtheBritishforcesandtheywere unanimousthattherewereanoverwhelmingnumberofCatholicswhen weconsideredtheratioofCatholics tothenon-Catholicpopulation.

LetmeherealsostatethatMarshal Petainsaidoneofthemaincausesof thecollaspeofPranceinthepresent warwastherampantbirthcontrolof theFrenchsincethelastwar.

TheWarCabinet,itisstated,has appointedaspecialCommitteetoplan forabetterBritainafterthewar.The twomainobjectsofthisCommittee are(1)betterhousingconditionsand townplanning,and(2),moreequitable economicadministration.Wouldit nothavebeenwisetoappointaCommitteetoenquirewhetherthepresent warisnotduetothefactthatthevast majorityofthepeopleofBritainand ofEuropehavethrownreligionoverboard?

ThereneverwillbeabetterBritain, orabetterEurope,untilthereisareturntoreligion,andareturnnotin theory,butinactualpractice.1'Col\in,KSG,MD.

TheCeremoniesofHolyWeek

WiththeceremoniesofPalmSundaybeginstheliturgicalcycleof HolyWeek.Thebeautyoftheelaborate,thoughrestrained,symbolism ofthemanyfunctionsduringthisweekisoftencompletelylostonthe casualobserverand,onlytoofrequently,littleappreciatedevenbythose devoutpeoplefromwhomgreaterinterestwouldhavebeenexpected. Thecrowds,however,whichyearafteryearthrongtheCathedralto overflowing,aresignenoughthattherearemanyforwhomashortexplanationwillbeusefulandabetterunderstandingoftheceremonies reallyappreciated.

PALMSUNDAY.

ThetriumphantentryofChristinto JerusalemandHisenthusiasticreceptionbythepopulace,musthavebeen atrueconsolationtoOurLord,aconsolationandahappinessnevertheless temperedbysadnessandtheapprehensionofthetreacheryofthosesame peoplefivedayslater.Thisdouble characterofhappinessanddepression isconveyedforceablyinto-day'sceremonial.Theblessinganddistribution ofthepalmsbeforeMass,totheaccompanimentofthehappyshoutsattributedtotheHebrewboysof"Hosannainthehighest,"renderedbythe choir,thentheprocessionwiththe palmbranchesoutsidethechurch,folowedbytheinterestingceremonyat thedoorsoftheCathedral.Thedoors areclosed,theprocessionreachesthem fromtheoutside,andthehymn, "Glory,praiseandhonourbetoThee, OChristRedeemer,"isalternatedbetweenchantersontheinsideandthe wholeprocessionoutside.Finallythe cross-bearerknocksuponthedoors withthebaseofthecross;theyare opAiedandtheprocessionstreamsinto thechurchoncemoreasChristand theattendantcrowdstreamedinto JerusalemonthefirstSundayofthe Palms.ThentheSolemnPontifical Massbeginsandquicklyreachesthe impressivechantingofthePassionof OurLordaccordingtoSt.Matthewby threedeaconsstandinginthesanctuary.ThisaccountofOurLord'ssufferinganddeath,aswellasthoseother ceremoniesdescribedabove,shouldbe followedcarefullybyeveryone.Books containingeverythinginfullareeasy toobtain.

ThefunctiononPalmSundaywall commenceat10.45a.m.

Theministerswillheasfollows:Celebrant:HisGracetheArchbishop.

AssistantPriest:VeryRev.E.Kennedy.

DeaconsattheThrone:VeryRev.A. Kelly,S.J.,VeryRev.J.Wallace.

Deacon:Rev.J.Rafferty.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.J.McGillicuddy.

DeaconsofthePassion:

Synagogue:Rev.F.O'Reilly.

Christus:Rev.F.O'Connor.

Narrator:Rev.L.Goody. MasterofCeremonies:Rev.1.. Goody.

OFFICEOF"TENEBRA,E.."

OnWednesday,Thursday,andFriday EveningsofHolyWeek.

Thisservice,called"Tenebrae"or darkness,becauseofthegradualextinctionofalllightswhichtakesplace tost-ardstheendofthefunction,isreallytheofficeofMatinsandLaudsfor thefollowingday.Consequently "Tenebrae"onWednesdayeveningare theMatinsandLaudsforHolyThursday,onHolyThursdayeveningthose forGoodFriday,andonGoodFriday eveningthoseforHolySaturday.

Themarvellousappropriatenessof thensalmsandthelessonsofthisoffice andthepoignantbeautyoftheLamentationsofJeremias,cannotpossitly beappreciatedexceptbythosewho takethetroubletohavesuitablebooks forthefollowingofthisservice.

Tenebraeeachnightwillcommence at7.30pm.

TheChantersandLectorsatTenebraeforthethreenightswillbeas follows:

SpyWednesday.

Chanters(eachnight)Rev.F.O'Reilly,Rev.J.McGillicuddy.

Lectors: (Lamentations):

1.Rev.J.McGillicuddy.

2.Rev.L.Goody.

3.Rev.F.O'Reilly. (2nd.Nocturne):

4.Rev.J.Boylan.

5.Rev.T.Ahern.

6.Rev.J.Brennan. (3rd.Nocturne):

7.Rev.G.Hussey.

8.Rev.J.Doyle.

9.Rev.H.Kearin. Preacher:ARedemptoristFather. HolyThursday. (Lamentations):

1.Rev.J.McGillicuddy.

2.Rev.L.Goody.

3.Rev.F.O'Reilly. (2nd.Nocturne):

4.Rev.J.Cullen.

6.Rev.P.Donnelly.

6.RevH.Lalor.

(3rd.Nocturne):

7.Rev.J.Lyne.

8.Rev.F.Kearnan.

9.Rev.M.McArdle. Preacher:A.JesuitFather. GoodFriday. Lamentations):

1.Rev.J.McGillicuddy.

2.Rev.F.O'Reilly.

3.TheChoir. )2nd.Nocturne):

4.Rev.V.O'Sullivan.

5.Rev.J.O'Mahony.

6.Rev.E.McBride. (3rd.Nocturne):

7.Rev.E.Collins.

8.Rev.P.C.Smith.

9.Rev.J.T.McMahon. Preacher:AnOblateFather.

TheWayoftheCrossonGoodFridayafternoonat3o'clockwillbe preachedbyaRedemptoristFather.

HOLYTHURSDAY,

OrtheThursdayoftheLord'sSupper.

Theoutstandingcharacteristicsof thisday'smostsolemnceremoniesare:

First:TheCommemorationofthe InstitutionoftheBlessedEucharist byOurLordJesusChrist.

Second:TheBlessingorConsecration oftheHolyOils.

Third:TheStrippingoftheAltar.

1.Althoughthefullliturgicalfeast dayoftheBlessedSacramenthasbeen transferreduntilafterPentecost,to CorpusChristi,itisobviousthatcere. monialonHolyThursdayisessentially oneinhonouroftheEucharist.The whitevestments,thedecoratedaltar, thefinalpealingofthebells,allpoint toaspiritofjoyandofthanksgiving forthisgreatmystery,eventhoughit beshroudedonbothsidesbythesorrowfuleventsofOurLord'sPassion.

Immediatelyafterto-day'sMassa consecratedHostistakeninsolemn processiontoasidechapel,wherethe AltarofReposehasbeenprepared. HereItremainsfortheadorationof thefaithfuluntilItisbroughtbackto thehighaltaronGoodFridayforthe priest'sCommunion.Thisperiod ,chiletheBlessedSacramentislying intheAltarofReposeistakentosignifymysticallythetimeduringwhich theBodyofOurLordwaslyinginthe tombofGethsemane.

2.InCathedralchurchestheHoly Oilsareto-dayconsecratedbytheBishop.Theoilofthesickisblessed beforetheCommunion,whiletheconsecrationofthechrismandtheblessingoftheoilofcatechumenstakes placeaftertheCommunionofthe Mass.Theimpressiveceremoniesconnectedwiththisfunctionrequirethe servicesofanumberofpriests,deaconsandsub-deacons,allintheirdistinctivevestments,tobringthevesselscontainingtheunconsecratedoils beforetheBishopandtoreturnthem againtothesacristyaftertheblessings havebeenpronounced.Duringthe blessingorconsecrationoftheoils,the Bishopisseatedbeforeasmalltable situatedtowardsthecentreofthesanctuary.

3.AttheconclusionoftheceremoniesforHolyThursdaymorning,the celebrantoftheMass(inthecaseof theCathedral,HisGracetheArchbishop)stripstheHighAltarandthe sidealtarsoftheirclothsandother adornments.Thissignifiesthatthe Churchisreturningonceagainwith undividedattentiontothesorrowful contemplationofOurLord'sPassion andDeathafterthebriefjoyfulcommemorationoftheInstitutionofthe BlessedEucharist.

ThefunctiononHolyThursday morningwillcommenceat8.46a.m. Thesacredministerswillbeasfollows: Celebrant:His Archdeacon:GracetheArchbishop. Rt.Rev.MonsignorB. Fagan. AssistantPriest:VeryRev.E.Kennedy. DeaconsattheThrone:VeryRev,F. Duffy,C.SS.R.,VeryRev.T.Haugh, O.M.I. Deacon:Rev.F.O'Connor. Sub-Deacon:Rev.E.McBride. SixPriestsforhePolyOils:Rev. P.C.Smith,Rev.F.Kearnan,Rev. M.McArdle,oneJesuitFather,one RedemptoristFather,andoneOblateFather.

ThreeDeaconsfortheHolyOils:Rev. J.Brennan,Rev.J.O'Mahony,and Rev.J.Murphy.

ThreeSub-DeaconsfortheHolyOils. Rev.P.Donnelly,Rev.J.Boylan, andRev.W.Browne. MasterofCeremonies:Rev.L.J. Goody.

N.B.:Thepriests,deacons,andsub. deaconsoftheHolyOilswillplease bringtheirownvestmentsandput themonbeforeMassstarts;thecolouriswhite.Thevestmentsrequiredbythepriestsaresurplice,amiee, stoleandchasuble.Forthedeacon, surplice,amice,stoleanddalmatic. Forthesub-deacons,surplice,amice andtunicle.

GOODFRIDAY.

ThesolemnceremoniesonGoodFriday,fromaliturgicalpointofview,are amongthemostinterestingofthe wholeyear'scycle,containingasthey domanysurvivalsofancientecelesi. asticalusage. Themorningfunctionmaybedividedanddistributedunderthefollowing headings:

1.ThereadingofpassagesfromHoly Scripture.

2.The"Bidding"prayersforallthe estatesoftheChurch.

3.TheUnveilingand"AdorationtheCross.

4.TheMassofthePresanctified.

I.Itwasaninvariableruleafew centuriesagothattwolessonsfrom ScriptureshouldprecedetheGospel. Thisoldpracticesurvivesto-day.The passagefromtheprophetOseaand anotherfromMoses'bookofExodus precedethesingingcfthePassion Gospel,thistimeaccordingtoSt.John.

2.Nextweareinvitedor'bidden" bythepriesttoprayforthePope,for ourBishop,fortheclergy,forallthe faithful,forthoseunderinstructionin theChristianfaith,forpagans,andfor theJews.Theformofthese"bidding"prayersisnow-a-daysrare,althoughthegeneralruleinpasttimes. Thepriestinaloud,clearvoiceenunciatestheintentionoftheprayer,the deaconbidsthepeoplekneelandpray, alittlelaterthesub-deacontellsthem toarise,andthenthepriestina"Collect"collects,asitwere,theprayersof allandinaconciseformpresentsit toGod.

3.Thecharacteristicceremonyof GoodFridaynowfollows.TheCross, whichhasremainedveiledsincePassionSunday,isunveiledinthreeimpressivestagesbythepriest,asssisted bythedeacon,andaftereachsuccessiveuncoveringallkneelandworship theSaviourwhoisrepresentedbyHis imageontheCross.Theunveiled crucifixisthenlaidonacushionbefore thealtarsteps,andalltheclergycome twobytwoandafterthreesuccessive reverences,kissthefootoftheCross. Thisistheancientceremonyknownin oldertimesas"creepingtotheCross."

4.ThelastpartoftheGoodFriday functionisquicklycompleted;aprocessionisformedtotheAltarofRepose,andtheConsecratedHost,which wasdepositedthereyesterday,is broughtbacktotheHighAltarand thepriestconsumesitinHolyCommunion.Thisiswhatiscalledthe MassofthePresanctified,becausethere isnoOffertory,noConsecration,but onlythepriest'sCommunion,withthe SacredSpeciespre-sanctifiedorpreconsecratedthedaybefore.ThisMass concluded,thealtarsarestrippedagain, andexceptforthegleamasofaray ofhopefromtheunveiledcrucifix,the Churchreturnsonceagaintothebarenessofsorrowandmourning. ThefunctiononGoodFridaymorningcommencesat10a.m. Thesacredministerswillbeasfollows: Celebrant:Rev.H.Lalor.

Deacon:Rev.C.Slowey.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.T.Ahern. AssistantsattheThrone:VeryRCN'.F. Duffy,C.SS.R.,VeryRev.E.Kennedy.

Lector:Rev.V.O'Sullivan. Preacher:Rev.A.Valentine. DeaconsofthePassion:AsonPalm Sunday. MasterofCeremonies:Rev.L.J. Goody.

HOLYSATURDAY. Foraproperunderstandingofthe ceremoniesofHolySaturday,itis necessarytorealisethatoriginallyall thatwenowwitnessonSaturday morningwasthenperformedduringthenightprecedingEasterDay.It wasaVigil.Undersuchcircumstancesthenewfire,theblessingandlight- ingofthecandleandotherlampsof thechurch,thelengthyprophecies,and thefirstEasterMasstakeonanew significance. Thesequenceoftheceremoniesis: 1.BlessingoftheNewFire.

2.BlessingandLightingofthePaschal Candle.

3.Prophecies.

4.BlessingoftheBaptismalFont.

5.TheLitanies.

6.TheFirstEasterMass.

1.Allilluminationisextinguishedin theChurchandnewfireiskindledin abrazierintheporchofthechurch; thisfireisblessedbythepriest.A taperisthenlitfromthefireandthis isusedsubsequentlytolightthePaschalandothercandles.Intheporch arealsoblessedfivesmallspikesofin cense,whichareafterwardsinsertedin thesideofthePaschalcandle.The clergythenmoveprocessionallytothe Sanctuarywhere-

2.theblessingofthePaschalCan. dlecommences.Thisblessingisalmostuniqueinsofarasitispronouncedbythedeaconwho,naturally,need notnecessarilybeapriestatall.The formulafortheblessingiscalledthe "Excultet,"whichissungbythedeaconandiscreditedwithbeingoneof thefinestpiecesoftheChurch'schant inexistence.Thischantisinterruptedseveraltimes,fortheinsertionof thespikesofincense,forthelighting ofthecandle,andforthere-illuminationofthechurch.

3.FollowingtheblessingofthecandleisthereadingoftwelvelongpassagesfromtheOldTestament(called the"Prophecies,"becauseallofthem eitherdirectlyorindirectlyreferto thefuturecomingoftheRedeemer) Theyrefertothecreationofthewprld, theflood,thesacrificeofAbraham,the escapefromEgypt,theBabylonian captivity,etc.TheseinterestingextractsfromtheBibleservedtopass someofthetimeduringtheEaster Vigil.

4.Thewaterinthebaptismalfontis blessedsolemnlytwiceayear(andprivatelyasoftenasthesupplyneedsreplenishing)atEasterandatPentecost. ThefreshoilofCatechumensandthe newChrism,blessedandconsecrated twodayspreviously,arepouredinand mixedwiththewater,andifthereis anyonetobebaptisedheisbaptised immediately.

6.Theclergyreturnoncemoreto theHighAltarandthere,prostrating themselves,theyremaininprayer, whiletwochanterssingtheLitanyof theSaints.Towardstheendcfthe Litaniesthesacredministersariseand, inthesacristy,changeintowhitevestmentsfortheMass.

6.ThisMasswasoriginallycelebratedjustaftermidnight,andsowas, andisstillconsidered,thefirstMass ofEasterSunday.Theonlysurvival oftheoldVigilMassthatexiststodayistheMidnightMassatChristmas. DuringthisMassthe"Alleluia"isrestoredtotheliturgyoftheChurch. ExcludedsinceSeptuagesimaSunday, nineweeksbefore,thisshoutofpraise -"Alleluia"isHebrewfor"praisebe toGod"-isthesignofgreatrejoicing. Itissungthreetimesinanascending scalebythepriestandthedeacon,. andthentakenupbythechoir,who willcontinuetosingitwithgreatsolemnityduringtheremainderofthe ChurchYear.

ThefunctiononHolySaturdaywill commenceat6.45a.m.

TheSacredministerswillbethefollowing:

Celebrant:Rev.A.Valentine.

Deacon:Rev.L.Goody.

Sub-Deacon:Rev.P.Donnelly.

ChantersofthePhophecies:Priests fromtheChoir.

MasterofCeremonies:Rev.H.Lalor.

TheministersforthePontificalHigh MassonEasterSundaywillbethefollowing:

Celebrant:HisGracetheArchbishop.

AssistantPriest:VeryRev.E.Kennedy. DeaconsatThrone:Rev.J.Rafferty andRev.P.Donnelly.

Deacon:Rev.J.McGillicuddy. Sub-Deacon:Rev.H.Lalor.

MasterofCeremonies:Rev.F.J. Goody. Preacher:Rev.FatherMcLoughlin. C.SS.R.

Thoseprieststakingpartinthecere moniesofHolyWeekareadvisedthat theywillreceivenonoticeorreminder otherthanthatcontainedintheabove notes.Theyareparticularlyrequestedtobepresentingoodtimebefore thecommencementofthefunction. Anyenquirieswillbeansweredgladly bytheMasterofCeremonies.

L.J.GOODY, MasterofCeremonies.

Acompletelistofallprieststaking partintheceremoniesofHolyWeek isincludedonpagenine.Therev. clergyarerequestedtolookthrough thislistcarefully.Noothernotificationorreminderwillbegiventothem.

TheShapeofThingstoCome

Whiletheofficialdepartmentstudyingpost-warreconstructioninBritainunderSirJohnReithhasnotyetgivenanyclearindicationofpossibletrends,severalrecentstatementsfrominfluentialpartiesonbothsidesofthepoliticalfenceareofspecialinterest.ConservativeLondonopinionasrepresentedbythe "FinancialTimes,"isreportedtohave"uneasyfeelings"aboutthe rapiddevelopmentofmonopoly,butlooksstaggeringlytoasolutionin''aspecificandconsiderablemeasureofgovernmentcontrol overindustry."Apparentlythereisastrongcurrentofopinion inLondonalsoinfavourofthereconstructionofindustryoncorporativelines.Thatthishasacertainpersistenceandstrength isinferredfromthefactthatthe"FinancialTimes"hascondescendedtonoticeit,albeitinhostilefashion."Thepolicythattradeassociationsthemselvesshouldadministeressentialcontrol,"writes thepaper,"isopentogravecriticism,becausetheinterestsofindustryasawholearenotnecessarilyidenticalwithnationalinterests."Suchanattitudeisveryextraordinaryinaquarterwhich bewailsthefactthatwenowappeartobewitnessingtheactual extinctionoflaissez-faire.Furtheritispassingstrangethatdread ofmonopolyshoulddriveonetoanadvocacyofSocialism-itsfinal andmostperfectexpressionasameansofcontrollingit.

Howlittlethe"FinancialTimes"understandstruecorporatismwhereinthereisthegreatestpossibledivisionofpowerasregardsownership,management,andthesharingofprofits,isindicatedbythefactthatitcouldconfusethissystemwithmonopoly, whichisitsveryantithesis.ThesuprememonopolyofSocialismis,however,invoked"topreventthiscorporateandfundamentallybackwardsystemdeveloping."Itpuzzlesonetounderstand howthereturnoftheguildwouldbeworsethanthereturnofCaesar.InsimilarveinwasaspeechbyLordForms.amemberofthe WillingdonMissiontoSouthAmerica.Heenvisagesanew order,enactedprimarilythroughtheresumptionofinternational trade,andthetrickeryofforeignexchange.Inthis,ofcourse. Britainmustbestilltopdog,forheaddsnaively,"wedonotwant Germanstoresumetheirbartersystemandotherunfairtrading methodsunderournoses."ButwhiletheToriesarewillingto :acceptSocialismtopreservetheoldorder,Labourapparentlyis thinkingatleastalongsounderlines.InarecentspeechMr. Bevin,theMinisterforLabour,lookedforwardafterthewar"to creatingevengreaterwealthofarealkindthanthewealthhithertoknown,buttheproperuseofwealthmustheoftheprimaly purposeoftherevolutionarychangethatmustoccur."Thisis strangelyreminiscentofPapalteachingand.thetraditionalCatholiccontentionthattheuseofwealthcannotbedivorcedfrom socialobligations.

MeanwhileacrosstheAtlantictheChairmanoftheFederal MonopolyCommitteeinWashingtonisexercisinghismindwith theproblem"ofincreasingtheincomeofthelower-incomegroups." ItwasrecentlyreportedthatMr.°Mahoney"stressedtheenormousimportanceoftheoverconcentrationofwealthinthehands ofafewvastcorporations."Mr.O'Mahoneyalsoreferredtocorporations,butheusedthewordinreferencetotheamazingconcentrationofwealthanddividenddistributionintrustsandcombines.Heindicatedtheshapeofthingstocome,andhepointed outthat"thelargecorporationstendedatarapidlyaccelerating ratetoinvesttheirsurplusesinGovernmentfunds,andtheinevitableandinescapableresultofsuchprocesswasthefinaltriumphofbiggovernment..."Sothatwhilethetrendamongthe ownersofwealthinEnglandistowardsSocialism,Americanbig businessisbuyingoutthegovernmentinfavourofwhatwecall StateCapitalism.Thedistinction,ofcourse,ismerelytechnical. insofarasitspracticaleffectsonthenationatlargeareconcerned.

Itisthetechniqueofthebusinessthatisinteresting,anditisacurrentcuriositytoremarkthatinthismatterAustraliaisfollowing theleadofAmericaratherthanthehomeland.Butsocialthought aswellassocialconspiracyisapparentlymoreadvancedinthe formerthaninthelatter,forwehearpublicmeninAmerica.but notinEngland,proposingasapost-warremedythat"newbusinessandsmallenterprisearenecessaryforthepurposeofencouragingnewbusinessandthewiderdistributionofwealth."

p

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

March30:CanonicalVisitationatthe ChurchoftheImmaculateConcep tion,Busselton.

AcuteProblemsforthe ChurchinBritian

AproblemofenormousmagnitudeconfrontstheCatholicChurchin Britain,writesDennisGwynn,asaresultofthewidespreaddestructionofchurchesandotherreligiousbuildingsbytheGermanair raids.Whenthevoxends,theproblemofreconstructionwillhave beenvastlyincreasedbythedispersionofCatholicsfromtheindustrialcitiesinwhichtheyhavebeencentredforthepasthundred years.

ITwasapparentwhenthewarstartedthatthediffusionoftheCatholicpopulationwouldproduce anupheavalsuchastheChurchhad neverexpected.Broadlyspeaking, theCatholicsofEngland,Scotlandand Waleshavebeenconcentratedfora centuryintheindustrialcities,andespeciallyinthegreatshippingcentres, asaresultofthesuddenimmigration ofrefugeesfromtheIrishfaminea centuryago.

Theirnumbersweresolargethatthe CatholicpopulationofGreatBritain rosefromaboutaquarterofamillion ahundredyearsagotosometwomillionwhentheimmigrationwasatits height.Therewasadeclinewhenthe olderimmigrantsdiedoff,and"leakage"hasgreatlyreducedthenatural rateofincreasethatwouldhavebeen expected,sothatthetotalCatholic pcpulationofEnglandto-dayisonly about2,300,000,withanadditional halfmillioninScotland.

ThedevelopmentoftheChurchin bothcountrieshasbeenverylargely cirminatedbythefactthattheseCatholicimmigrantsgenerallycongregatedintheindustrialandshippingcentres,wheretheyobtainedemployment duringtherapidindustrialexpansion ofthelastcentury.Theretheybuilt theirchurcheFandtheirschools,and theircorporatestrengthincreased whiletheCatholicrevivalscarcelypenetratedintothelesscrowdedpartsof thecountry.

CatholicPopulationLargelyUrban.

Itwassoonevidentwhenthewar beganthattheareasinwhichthe bulkoftheCatholicpopulationhad settledwerethosemostlikelytosuf. ferfromairraids,ifthewarwasto beconductedonthedestructiveand mercilesslinesthatwereatfirstexpected.TheGovernmenthadacompleteschemereadyforevacuating schoolchildrenfromthethreatened areas,andverysoontheCatholic Churchwasconfrontedwithamore acuteproblemthanthatofanyother denominationbecausetheotherchurchesaremoreevenlydistriblited.

InScotland,forinstance,sometwothirdsofalltheCatholicpopulation liveinandaroundtheonecityofGlasgow,andtheremainderarechiefly congregatedinotherindustrialcentres,whichweresoonexposedtoattack.

InWalesthereisstillmoremarked concentrationoftheCatholicpopulationinandaroundtheshippingand coalminingcentresofCardiff.and Swansea.InEnglandmorethanhalf theCatholicpopulationhadtheir homesinthesmallindustrialandshippingareaaroundLiverpoolandManchester.AfurthersixhundredthousandlivedinandaroundLondon,especiallyinthepoorquartersaround theLondondocks.Andoftheremainder,allbutasmallfractionare similarlycongregatedeitherinTynesideinthenorth-east,orintheMidlandfactorytownsaroundBirmingham,orinsuchsouthernseaportsas Southampton.

Alltheseplaceswereobviouslydestinedtobecomethechieftargetsfor Germanairraidswhentheraidsbeganinearnest.TheGovernmenttook norisksandputitsevacuationscheme intooperationbeforewarwasactually declared.FortheCatholicChurchthe effectwasthattheCatholicchurches andschoolsinthecrowdedareaswere immediatelydeprivedofagreatpart oftheirnormalnumbers,whilethe childrenweresenttotheso-calledsaf-

COURSEOFLENTENSERMONSATST.MARY'S CATHEDRAL.

"TheReasonablenessofOur Faith."

Rev.FatherE.McLoughlin, C.SS.R.,oftheRedemptorist Monastery,NorthPerth,willdeliverthefifthofhiscourseof LentensermonsinSt.Mary's CathedralonSundayeveningat 7.30p.m.FatherMcLoughlin dealwiththeBible.

etyareaswhereCatholicchurchesand schoolswereextremelyfew.

AyearagotheCatholicChurchin GreatBritainwasfacedwiththebafflingproblemthatitsreligiousbuildingswerebeingleftemptywhilethe Catholicpeoplewerebeingdispersed intoregionswherechurchbuildinghad scarcelybegun.Nowitisfacedwith theactualdestructionofchurchesand religiousbuildingsonsuchascalethat theirrebuildingmaybeutterlyimpossiblewithinageneration.Suchhavoc hasbeenwroughtinpartsofmany citiesthatitisverydoubtfulwhether theywilleverberebuiltonthesame scaleasbefore.

'OutlookonReconstruction.

Similardestructionhas,ofco,b.se, beenfoundineverycountrywhichhas becomeamaintheatreofwar.But theChurchinEnglandandScotland hassufferedwithpeculiarfortebecause ithasbeenalmostentirelycentredin citiesmostexposedtoattack.In France,forinstance,andinPoland, therehasbeenfearfuldestructionof churchpropertyinthosepartswhere thefightingwasmostintense.But elsewherethechurcheshavenotsufferedtoanygreatextent,andtheChurch cancontinueitsworktherewhilereconstructionproceedsinthedevastatedareos.

PROPAGATIONOFTHEFAITH ,ANDHOLYCHILDHOOD.

Contributions,1940. s.d.

PalmyraParish(additional)2142 St.Patrick'sSchool,York 100

QUARANTORE

1941. MARCH.

Sunday

5thKalamunda:OneDayofExposition.

APRIL.

Sunday

1stNorseman:OneDayofExposition.

"ndMidlandJunction:OneDay ofExposition.

3rdPalmyra:OneDayofExposition.

4thKellerberrin:OneDayof Exposition.

LENTENLECTUREIV

Protestant Populationof WorldShrinks

CATHOLICS,duringthepastfew centuries,especiallythoselivingincountriesdominatedsociallyandeconomicallybythehereAes thatwerestartedbyLuther,Calvin, andHenryVIII,havebeenfartooinclinedtolookonProtestantismasan organisandhomogeneousreligion,a kindofperversionofCatholicismindeed,butonethathadlongendured andwouldcontinuetoendure,sidebysideandincompetitionwithCatholicismtotheendoftime,writesacorrespondent.

ThesefailtogetProtestantisminto theperspectiveofhistory.TheyforgetthatthebarqueofPeterhasever sailedamidtherocksthrownupby hereticaleruption.Inthethird, fourthandfifthcenturies,Arianism splittheyoungChurchintwo,causing proportionatelygreaterlossesthanProtestantismhascausedinlatertimes. It,too,hadthesupportofthesecular power.Emperorsandbarbariankings spreaditwiththeswordinThrace, Italy,Africa,SpainandGaul.

Andyet,howmanyknowto-day thattherewaseveraheresycalledby thkname?

Pelagianismfollowed,andEutychian ism,andNestorianismandLollardism andWvcliffitism,andathousand othersoflessername.Therewasthe GreatSchismwhenanti-PopesdisputedtheChairofPeter.Andtherewas theschismoftheEasternChurchwhich sweptawayhalfofthefaithful,the ravagesofwhichareonlyto-daybeing slowlyandhardilyhealed.

ThesereflectionshavebeensuggestedbyareportrecentlyissuedbyDr. CarlBrueschweiler,headoftheFederalBureauofStatisticsatBente, Switzerland,areportthatrevealsa trendwhichtheauthorconsiders "alarming." TheaveragenumberofbirthsannuallyinSwitzerlandtoevery1,000 womencapableofchildbirthisto-day only125.Theminimumrequiredto maintainastablepopulationlevel wouldbe170.

ButamongCatholicsinthefederation,thenumberofbirthstoevery 1,000womencapableofchildbirthis 185,afiguresatisfactorilyabovethe maintenancelevel.AmongProtestantsitisonly130,andamongJews75. Thirtypercentofmarriedcouplesare childless;20percenthaveonlyone child,andanother20percenthave onlytwochildren.

Thesefiguresspeakforthemselves. Theyforeshadowthedwindlingaway cfProtestantisminthelandwhichinflictedCalvinontheworld.

Andquiteapartfromasteadyflow dfconverts,theCatholicpopulation continuestogrowbyreasonoftheexcessofbirthsoverdeaths.

WhatishappeninginSwitzerlandis happeninginmanypartsoftheworld.

AnanalysisoftherecentofficialstatisticsfromtheSixCountiesshow thatthebirth-ratesamongtheProtestantsectsissubstantiallylowerthan amongCatholics.AndintheTwenty-

SixCounties,between1911and1926, thenumberofProtestantsfellby32.5 percent,whilethenetdecreaseinthe Catholicpopulation-notwithstanding theterrificemigrationinthoseyears fromtheSouthandWesttotheUnited States-wasonlyabout2percent.

Between1926and1936thenumberof Protestantsfellby11.9percent,while Catholicsincreasedby0.8percent.

ThesametrendisnoticeableinHolland,one-timefortressofanti-Catholicism,whereCatholicsarenowthe gestreligiousandsocialforce,andpromisesoontoexceednumericallythe combinedforcesofthenon-Catholics. ItholdsgoodforCanada,wherethe CatholicFrench-Canadiansandabig proportionofpeopleofIrishbloodare makingtheChurcheveryyearamore importantfactorinpubliclife.Itis trueoftheUnitedStates,whereCatholicsnowconstituteconsiderably morethanathirdofallprofessingany religion,andat20,000,000exceedthe totalofthethreebiggestProtestant sectscombined.

Thereisnoneedthentoconsider Protestantismasapermanentrivalto theChurch.Asmysteriouslyasit cameweseeitdisintegratingbefore oureyesintotheabyssofhistory.

Fe(tooneChurchalonewasgiven thepic.misethatthegatesofhell worldnotprevailagainstit.-"Standard."

TheOxfordMovement

AseriesofLentensermonsonthe reasonablenessofourFaitharebeing deliveredoneachSundayeveningduringtheHolySeasoninSt.Mary'sCathedralat7.30p.m.Thepreacheris Rev.FatherE.McLoughlin,C.SS.R.,of theRedemptoristMonastery,North Perth.Asummaryofthefourthlectureappearsbelow:-

Ehaveseeninourlastlecaure, theAnglicanattitudetothe CatholicChurch:thattheCatholicChurchfellintoerrorafterthe fifthcentury;thattheMass,Holy Communion,prayersforthedead,and otherdevotionalpracticescharacteristicoftheCatholicChurch,wereabuses utterlyunknownanduntaughtinthe CatholicChurchofthefirstcenturies; thattheAnglicandivinesattheReformationrejectedthosedoctrinal abusesandsuperstitiouspractices,and theAnglicanChurchnowrepresents theearlyCatholicChurch.Wemaintain,onthecontrary,thattheRoman CatholicChurch,anditalone,isthe faithfullinealdescendantoftheearly CatholicChurch Wehaveseenthatthereisabundanceofevidenceofourpositioninthe massofwritingsleftbythesaintlyand scholarlyChurchmen,wholivedin thosecenturies.Thoseearlywriters arestyledthe''FathersoftheChurch." Consequently,thevoiceoftheFathers isofsupremeimportanceindeciding theissuebetweenCatholicandAnglican.Yet,itisworthyofnote,that Anglicandivinesrarely,ifever,appealedtothewritingsoftheFathersin disputingdoctrinewithCatholics;they appealtotheBibleindefence.After all,iftheearlyChurchtaughttruthas Anglicansadmit,itsinterpretationsof theBibleshoulddecidetheissue.Yet theBible,asinterpretedbyprivate judgment,remainedthebulwarkof theirdefence.

Intheyear1833,amovementstarted withintheUniversityofOxford,which wasofparamountimportanceindecidingthequestion:"Whatwerethe doctrinestaughtbytheearlyChurch?" OxfordisthegreatestschoolinEngland,carryingthroughthecenturiesa highreputeforscholarshipandculture.

Intheyear1833,agroupofOxford scholars,nearlyallofthemAnglican divines,startedareformationofthe AnglicanChurch.Theywereofopinionthatthenationalchurch,becoming acreatureoftheState,wasfastdecliningfromitsreligiousoffice.The objectofthemovementwastorescue theindependenceoftheirchurchfrom Stateinterferenceandrestoretoitthe discipline,organisationanddoctrineof theearlyChurch,ofwhichsheprofessedtobethelinealdescendant.

Thefirstblastofthetrumpetwas soundedbythefamousAnglicandivine, Rev.JohnKeeble,inpublishinghis pamphlet."NationalApostacy."This wasfollowedbyavolumeofcorrespondenceonthepartofhisassociates, expoundingthedoctrines,practicesand disciplineoftheearlyChurch.These expositionsofthespiritandteaching oftheChurchoftheFathers,entitled "TractsfortheTimes,"arestedtheattentionofallwhowereinterestedin theAnglicanChurch."Backtothe Fathers"becamethesloganoftheOxforddivines,asinlecture,sermon-and tract,theybroughtintohighreliefthe Churchoftheearlycenturies.RemembertheOxfordmovementwasessentiallyanAnglicanmovement,whose sponsorshadsuchlittlesympathywith theRomanCatholicChurchthattheir ablestchampioninvisitingRomesaid, "IdetesttheRomansystemsomuch thatIcannotdetestitmorebyseeing it."Yettheportraitdrawnofthe earlyChurchbythepensoftheOxford divines,socorrespondedtotheAnglicanChurch,thattheOxfordMovement evokedastormofprotestfromthe AnglicanChurch.TheOxfordMovement,aftertwelveyearsofexistence, wascondemnedbytheAnglican Church,andtheOxforddivinesaccusedofdishonesty,inholdingofficein theAnglicanChurch,whileatheart theyweremanifestlyRomanCatholics.

IAfewoftheOxforddivinesremainedintheAnglicanChurch,butthe vastmajority,depairingoftheAnglicanChurch,joinedtheRomanCatholiccommunity.SeveralhundredAnglicanclergymenandthousandsofthe laityjoinedtheCatholicChurch.

ThemanwhogavesoulanddirectiontotheOxfordMovementwasthe Oxforddivine,JohnHenryNewman. HismasteryoftheEnglishlanguage, hisprofoundknowledgeoftheteachingsoftheFathers,hisluminousexpositionoftheirdoctrinesin"Tracts

fortheTimes,-markedhimoffasthe championoftheMovement.When theMovementspentitself,hejoined theCatholicChurch,identifyingitas theChurchofthefirstcenturies. Hisauthorityiscompellingindecidingtheissuebetween'Anglicanand CatholicconcerningtheearlyChristianChurch.Hewrites:"Ijoinedthe CatholicChurchbecauseIbelievedthe CatholicChurch,anditonly,tobethe ChurchoftheFathers.'Againhe writes:"NootherformofChristianity, butthepresentCatholiccommunion, hasapretencetoresemble,eveninthe faintestshadow,theChristianityofantiquity.TheChurchcalledCatholic nowisthatverysamething,inhereditarydescent,inorganisation,inprinciples,inposition,whichwascalledthe CatholicChurchthen;nameandthing haveevergonetogetherbyanuninterruptedsuccessionfromthentillnow." Suchisthejudgmentoftheman, whomthe"EncyclopediaBrittanica" calls"themostremarkableecclesiastic ofthenineteenthcentury;"andof whomthefamousProtestanthistorian, J.A.Froude,writes:"Inmanyways Newmanwasthemostremarkableman ofthenineteenthcentury,andperhaps themostremarkablemanpossessedby theEnglishChurchinanycentury. Everywordthatdroppedfromhislips atOxfordwastreasuredasanintellectualgem and'IbelieveinNewman' wasagenuinesymboloffaith."Such wastheintellectualstatureoftheman whoreversedthejudgmentoftheProtestantReformationintheOxford Movement.

ThoughtheOxfordMovementwas condemnedbytheAnglicanChurch yetitsmemoryisstillcherishedwithinit.Itscentenarywascelebrated in1933withgreatpompbya"High 11fass"inthepresenceof40,000people. TheinfluenceoftheOxfordMovement hasmanifesteditselfintheHigh Church,whichnowembracesinits ritualnearlyeveryCatholicdevotion, anditsinfluenceontheAnglicanChurch ingeneralwassopronouncedthatthe AnglicanbishopsintroducedsubstantialchangesalongCatholiclinesinthe BookofCommonPrayerattheLambethConference.Sosubstantialwere thesechangesthatParliamentrejected thenewBookofCommonPrayeron twooccasions. (Thenextlecturedealswiththesubjectof"TheBible.")

JonahandtheWhale FalklandIslandsIncident

Our"RadioReplies"contained areferenceonMarch13,tothe feasibilityofamanlivingthree daysinsideawhale.Acorrespondenthasforwardedthefollowinginformationconcerning anincidentthatoccurredtowardstheendoflastcentury. Itisunderstoodthatasimilar caseoccurredsometwelveyears ago:

In1891theAmericanwhaler,Star oftheEast,wasofftheFalklandIslandswhen,intheexcitementandconfusionofacatch,aseamannamed JamesBartleywentoverboardandwas givenupforlost.Thewhalewaskilled,broughtalongsideandstrippedof itsblubber.Nextdaythestomach wassearchedforambergris.Thesearchersnoticedthatsomethingaliveseemedtobestirringinthefoldsand creases.Investigating,theyfoundthe doubled-upandunconsciousfigureof Bartley.Hewasdeliriousforafortnightbutwhensufficientlyrecovered, hetoldhowwhenhehadfallenoverboard,presentlyhefoundhimselfin thewhalesstomachwheretheheatwas terrific,butwhereacertainamountof airreachedhim.Soon,however,he lostconsciousness.

Bartleyrecoveredcompletelyfrom histerribleordeal,exceptforthefact thathisskinbecameafixedbleached white.Ithasalsobeenrecordedthat theskeletonofan18footsharkwas foundinthestomachofacaptured whale.Thesetwothingsarehappeningsinthenaturalorderofthings.

ItisnotrecordedofJonahthathis threedays'tripunderunusualcircumstancesrenderedhimunconsciousor bleachedhisskin.SofarastheBiblicalrecordsgo,hedoesn'tseemto haveturnedahair.Only,avoyage inthestomachofawhaleisnotan impossibilityeveninthenaturalorder, thoughnoonewouldtakeitonfor preference.

CanonicalvisitationbyHisGrace theArchbishopwasmadeoftheparish church,schools,hospital,etc.,onFridaylast,andonSundayeveningHis GraceadministeredtheSacramentof Confirmationtoeighty-sixchildrenand tenadults.HisGraceaddressedthe childrenaftertheceremonyandthen spoketothecongregation,thechurch beingpackedtocapacity.The7 o'clockMasswascelebratedbyHis Grace,andatthesecondMasshe spokeonthedayofprayerforalastingpeacewithjusticeandcharity.

ExpositionoftheBlessedSacrament wasfromtheendofsecondMassuntil 4.30p.m.,closingwithBenediction. AttendanceatthetwoMassesand ateveningdevotionswasextremely good,asalsoduringExposition.

St.Patrick'sBallwasaverygreat success,approximately£40beingclearedafterexpenses.OfficersandtroopersoftheLightHorsepatronisedthe ballwell,asalsodidourCatholicpeople.Theladies'committeemustbe congratulatedonthelovelysupper providedbythem.Thehonorarysecretaryandorganiser,Mr.W.Mahon, deservesgreatpraiseforhissuccess, obtainedbyveryhardwork.St.Patrick'sBallfor1941isamongourmost successfulfunctions. St.Patrick'sChurch. SundayMasses7am.and9.30a.m. r#04.04,44,11,04.00.0.4104,04.41.041.4141.41.4.04P.

MONTHLYBROADCASTS FROMST.MARY'S.

OnEasterSundayinsteadof PalmSunday.

AsthefirstSundayufAprilfalls onPalmSunday,andowingto theunsuitabilityofthePalm Sundayceremoniesforbroadcasting,arrangementshavebeen madeforthebroadcasttobeon EasterSunday(secondSunday ofthemonth)instead. Thisarrangementisforthe monthofAprilonly.The broadcastwillbegivenasusual onthefirstSundayoftheother monthsoftheyear.

DEATHS.

Mc'UARTHY.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulofAlice Mary,whodiedatherresidence,336 Bulwer-street,Perth,March20,1941, dearlylovedwidowofthelateKenny McCarthy,devotedandfondmother ofWilliam,Christopher,John,Alice, Kathleen,andMary,lovingmotherin-lawofAlice,EileenandElsie,and fondgrandmaoflittleMaryCarmel. MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonherdearsoul.

OPITZ.-OnMarch22,1941,Alice, dearlylovedwifeofCharlesEmannuelOpitz,ofKeysbrook,beloved motherofMargaret(SisterMary Francis,Ballarat),Gladys(Mrs.Higgins,Perth),CharlesandLouis,loved mother-in-lawofGerald(deceased), fondgrandmotherofGladys,Gordon, AnneandGerald.R.I.P.

PRING.-Ofyourcharity,prayforthe eternalreposeofthesoulofWilliam ThomasPring,whodiedatPerth, March10,dearlylovedhusbandof Sara,lovingfatherofEdward(deceased),belovedbrotherofWilhelmina(deceased),Frederick(deceased),andSisterM.Gerard,St.Joseph'sConvent,Fremantle. MyJesusMercy.

INMEMORIAM.

CONDON.-Sacredtothememoryof StephenCondon,whodied28th. March,1939. SweetJesus,havemercyonhissoul. -Insertedbyhislovedones.

NOONAN.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor theeternalreposeofthesoulof DavidDanielNoonan,whodied March30(GoodFriday1934. MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

O'DWYER.-Ineverlovingmemory ofourdearlittleboy,"Pattie,'"who diedonMarch26,1939. Yearswillrollandtimewillfly, Everyleafwillfadeanddie, Everyrisingsunwillset, But,Pattie,dear,weshallne'erforget.

-Insertedbyhislovingparents, brothers,Brendan,Stephen,Francis, andsister,Maria.

ria

KamanSatitti4

(W.A.),

'Phone:

Welcometo"Freshers."

OnMonday,March31,therewillbe ageneralget-togetherofmembersof thesocietyintheRefectory,beginning at8p.m.All"freshersareexhorted toattend.Comealongandmeet everyone-makethisagoodstartof agrandyear.Therewillhedancing, ofcourse.

UniversitySunday, Don'tforgetSunday,April20.Mass atSa.m.attheCathedral;breV(fast tofollowintheKingEdwardHotel; academicdresstobewornifatall possible.Tellyourfriendswhoare studentsorprofessionalmentocome alongandtakepartinthispublic demonstrationoffaith.Transport arrangementswillbepublishedinensuingisuesof"TheRecord."

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

By"RON."

CountryCarnivalCancelled.

Thisyear'scountrycarnivalhas necessarilybeencancelledowingtothe inabilityoftheGeraldtonandBoulder clubstoparticipate.Thisisrather unfortunate,asearlyinthemonthit seemedasifalltheclubswouldbe represented.Thiscancellationisthe firstsincethecarnivalwasinaugurated tenyearsago. SpecialMeeting.

Withtheobjectofformingadramaticandmusicalclub,thesocialcommitteehascalledaspecialmeeting,to beheldinBactonHouseonFriday, April4. Allclubsareearnestlyrequestedtosendalongdelegatestothis importantmeeting.Thereasonfor thisnewventureisthattheassociation isconfidentthatithassufficienttalent initsownrankstoorganise.,conduct andpromoteplaysamongitsCatholic members.Suchundertakingshave beendoneverysuccessfullybythe VictorianandQueenslandAssociations, andthereisnoreasonwhythe\Vest shouldlagbehindinthisregard.Thereforeitisexpectedthatmemberswill attendthismeetingingoodnumbers andendeavourtodotheirbestinpromotingthisnewscheme.

TennisDayofZoo.

ThisSunday(March30),theZoologicalGardens,SouthPerth,willbethe venueofAssociationmembers,when acombinedtennisdayinaidofthe C.W.O.willbeconducted.Tencourts havebeenhired,beingavailablefrom 10.30a.m.Thetournamentwillcorn menceat2p.m.Thesubscriptionwill be1/6each,plusentryfeetotheZoo.

ShieldMatches.

MassTimeTable.

St.Mary's:7a.m.,8.30a.m.,10a.m.

ConventofMercy:8a.m.

ChristianBrothers'College:9a.m.

NationalDayofPrayer. TheattendanceatallMassesonSunday,March23,wasexceptionallygood, andthroughoutthedaymembersof theChildrenofMarySodalitykept vigilbeforetheBlessedSacrament. Therewasaconstantstreamofworshippersduringthemorningandafternoon,andthedayofprayerconcluded withaHolyHourintheevening.

H.A.C.B.S.

Mr.L.McDonald,secretaryofthe KalgoorlieBranch,isholidayingin Perth,andMr.O'Halloranisacting secretaryinhisabsence.Atthelast meetinganewinember,intheperson ofMr.P.'O'Connor,joinedthesociety.

Allowanceof20/-onoldRacquetsreceive75/-Racquetfor55!-atWimbledonSportsDepot,81(Basement) WilliamStreet.

Theinter-clubshieldcompetitions willcommenceonSaturdayandSunday,April26and27,respectively,entry ofteamsforwhichwillcloseonMonday,March31,at5p.m.Clubsecretariesareremindedthatanentryfee of5s.mustaccompanyeachteamsubmitted,togetherwithlistsofplayers gradedintheirsinglesorder.No teamswillbeacceptedafterMarch31. ST.MARY'SCLUB,LEEDERVILLE.

Attheannualmeetingthefollowing officerswereelected:President,Mr.J. Edwards,senr.;vice-presidents,Messrs F.CrippsandJackEdwards;secretary,Mrs.L.Harris;treasurer,Mr.K. Hales;captain,Mr.A.Marsh;vicecaptains,MissD.Furlong,Messrs.P. CaseyandG.Furlong;committee. MissesRoseWood,llmaNicholson, VernaHales,Messrs.J.T.Edwardsand K.Dillon.

Theannualtournamentisnowin progress.Theentrieswerefairlysatisfactory,althoughconsiderablysmallerinnumberthanusual.Theclot, hasseveralvacanciesonitsmembershiplist,andinvitesparishionersparticularlytojoin.Thesubscriptions areveryreasonable,anditisnotrequiredofanyapplicantformembershipthatheorsheshouldbeableto playtennisuptoanyparticularstandardorevenbeabletoplaytennisat all.Beginnerswillbehelpedbyexperiencedplayerstogetagoodaria correctgroundinginthegame.The clubhasfoursplendidcourts,situated inBrittannia-road,Leederville.The addressofthesecretary,Mrs.L.Harris,is38CommonwealthAvenue,North Perth.

H.A.C.B.S.

St.Joachim'sBranch.

beingprovidedbytheCouncil,andit ishopedthatalargenumberwillbe inattendanceoneachnight.Sr.E. Laurisenwasappointedassistantsecretaryintheeventofthesecretarybeing calledupformilitaryservice.ThepicnicheldontheriverlastSundaywas reportedafinancialandsocialsuccess. Thenextmeetingwillbeheldinthe SchoolHallonMonday,March31,at 8.15p.m.

St.Mary'sBranch,Leederville.

Atthemeetingon19th.inst.,there wasagoodattendanceofmembers, presidedoverbyBro.H.E.Neille. Twonewmemberswereelected.It wasannouncedthatfourmembersare tobemarriedonEasterMonday:SisterDoreenBasleytoBro.Vincent LeddinandSisterMayHarttoBro. BernardFranklin.Tohonourthee membersaspecialsocialwillbeheld afterthemeetingonWednesdaynext, whensuitablepresentationswillbe madetomarktheoccasion.Membersareaskedbytheirpresenceto ensurethesuccessofthefunction.

SubiacoYoungMen'sClub

VictorySocial.

Plansareprogressingsteadilyinconnectionwiththeclub'svictorysocial andpresentationofprizes,tobeheld inSt.Joseph'sHallonFridayevening, April18. HisGracetheArchbishop haskindlyconsentedtobepresentand willpresentthetrophieswonduring therecentclubchampionships.

Commencingat8p.m.,thefunction willbeanon-stopshow,withfilms (showingourathletesinaction),items, bothvocalandmusical,bywell-known artists,anddancing(bothold-timeand modern). Afirst-classorchestrafras beenengaged,andanexcellentsupper willheprovided.Theadmission chargetothisentertainmentwillbe ls.each,andallparishionersarecordiallyinvitedtoattend.

ClubChampionships.

TheAthleticClubcontinuedits championshipsattheLeedervilleOval onthe15th.inst.,whenseveralfine performances:wereregistered.Fol. lowingweretheresults:

Seniors:

880YardsOpen:L.Hickey,1;W. Patterson,2;P.McGinnitty,3. Time, 2.323-10.

2'20YardsOpen:G.Worner,1;L. Hickey,2;D.O'Brien,3.Time,239-10 sec. HighJump:E.O'Mahony,1;D. O'BrienandD.Kelsall,2.Height, 5ft.Sins.

Hop,StepandJump:B.Ryan,1;L Hickey,2;E.O'Mahony,3.Distance, 12ft.Ilins.

DiscusThrow:B.Ryan,1;H.McPartland,2;G.A.Gee,3.Distance, 87ft.9hin.

440YardsHurdles:G.Worner,1; 13.Ryan,2.Time,61.8sec.

ShotPut:H.Ryan,1;G.A.Gee,2; B.Ryan,3. Juniors

220Yards:P.Prendiyille,1;J.Lynch, 2;B.McGinnitty,3.Time,249-10sec.

Hop,StepandJump:L.Ryan,1;P. Prendiyille,2.Distance,37ft.6in.

Ourgraduatesget,inadditiontotheordinarybusinesstraining, practicalexperienceinourownextensiveofficesunderourSecretarial staff.OnqualifyingtheygetGoldEfficiencyBadges,aguaranteedfirst appointmentand

CityCommercialCollege

Bro.J.KellypresidedatthemeetingheldonMarch17. TheV.P.,Bro. H.Torrens,wasgrantedthreemonths' leaveofabsence,ashehastoattend tomilitaryduties.ThesecretaryreceivedaletterfromMajorB.S.Heagney,whoisabroad.Hesendshis kindregardstoallmembersofthe branch.Bro.K.Gregan'sclearance toSt.Mary'sBranch,Leederville,was grantedwithdeepestregret.The quarterlybalancesheetwasreadand showsthebranchinastrongfinancial position. St.Anthony'sBranch,MidlandJunction. Bro.M.O'Loughlinpresidedovera wellattendedmeetingonMonday nightandagainhadthepleasureof initiatinganewmember,Sr.Nerissa Garvey.Itwasunanimouslyagreed toforma"keepfitclub"underthedirectionoftheNationalFitnessCouncil,andarrangementsweremadefora weeklyclassformenonWednesday nightsandforgirlsonThursdaynights. Aninstructorandinstructressare

DiscusThrow:P.Prendiville,1;4:). Flinn,2;L.Ryan,3. Distance,671t. 10in. 880Yards:B.McGinnity,1;D.Flinn, 2. HighJump:L.Ryan,1. Alleventshavenowbeencompleted withtheexceptionofthejavelin throw,whichwillbeheldatHendersonParkonSunday,March30.Interestwillbekeeninthisevent,asitmay decidethedestinyoftheclub'schampionathlete.Atthepresenttimethe numberofpointsobtainedbyrespectivemembersareasfollows:L.HickeyandB.Ryan,17points;G.Worner,15;P.Prendiville,15;L.Ryan,13; D.Campagnoli,8;D.Flinn,7;E 0`.Mahony,6;H.RyanandB.McGinnitty,5;D.O'Brien,4i;W.Patterson, 4;J.DeGruchy,H.McPartland,and G.A.Gee,3;J.Lynch,2;D.Kelsall, 1);P.McGinnity,1.

CATHOLIC WOMEN'SLEAGUE

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

Theannualmeetingofthebranch washeldonMarch3,whenreports fromthehon.secretary,treasurer,and welfarecommitteewerereceived. VeryRev.Dr.Kennedyattendedand thankedmembersforhelpgivenhim duringtheyear,andextendedgood wishesforthecomingyear.

Thebranchisverygratefulto"The Record"forpublishingitsreports throughouttheyear.

Thenextmeetingwillbeheldinthe CathedralHallonMonday,April7. Therewillbereadinganddiscussion uponcurrenttopics,whichshouldbe ofconsiderableinteresttoall.Membersandfriendsarecordiallyinvited toattend.

PlantoMurder Cardinal

Detailsarenowavailableregarding therecentattemptonthelifeofthe BishopofAveiro.

AshewasabouttoenterthemeetingoftheColonialCongressinthe HalloftheGeographicSociety,Lisbon,HisLordshipMostRev.John Evangelista,BishopofAveiro,wassuddenlystoppedbyamanstandingnear theentrance,who,producingalarge butcher'sknifefrombeneathhiscoat, stabbedtheBishoprepeatedlyinthe regionoftheheart.

Anothervisitor,Dr.CarmonaSilva, grandsonofPresidentCarmona,went tohisrescueandhetoowaswounded. Policetooktheassailantintocustody afterastruggle,andtheinjuredwere takentohispital;forsomedaystheir liveswereindanger,buttheyhave nowalmostrecovered.

Thenewsoftheattemptcauseda greatsensation,especiallyasthePrelateisoneofthemostrespectedmen inPortugal.Intensepoliceactivity isinprogressbutsofarnothingdefiditehascometolightastothecause oftheoutrage

Asignificantfeatureisthatoneof theonlookersrememberedbeingasked bytheattacker"iftheCardinalhad arrivedyet,"soitlooksasiftheBishopsufferedbymistake..

StrictvigilanceiskeptnowwheneverHisEminencetravels.

HOLIDAYRESORTS

MASSTIMETABLE.

Albany:7.30a.m.;9.30a.m.eachSunday (Inquiries:VeryRev.T.Gilroy,The Presbytery,Albany.Tel.:Albany 129.)

Busselton:8a.m.

(Inquiries:Rev.C.Cunningham, ThePresbytery,Busselton.Tel.: Busselton107.)

Bunbury:7a.m.;9.30a.m.

(Inquiries:Rt.Rev.Monsignor Hayes,St.Patrick'sPresbytery,Bunbury.Tel.:Bunbury141)

Cottesloe:7a.m.;10am.

(Inquiries:VeryRev.J.Fahey,The Presbytery,McNeill-street,Cottesloe. Tel.:F2411.)

Denmark:FirstandThirdSundaysof month,at7.30a.m.

(Inquiries:Rev.M.Holohan,The Presbytery,Denmark.Tel.:Denmark16.)

Mandurah: (Inquiries:Rev.W.Clery,ThePresbytery,Pinjarra.Tel.:Pinjarra27.)

NorthBeach: (Inquiries:Rev.Fr.J.Brennan, ThePresbytery,OsbornePark.Tel.: B4067.)

Rockingham: (Inquiries:TheOblateFathers,AdelaideStreet,Fremantle.Tel.:L2268.)

Starborough:8.15a.m.,toSunday, April20.

(Inquiries:Rev.Fr.J.Brennan, ThePresbytery,OsbornePark.Tel.: B4067.)

Gwelup:FirstandthirdSunalysof month,at10a.m.

WAGINMASSTIMETABLE.

March30:Wagin,8a.m.;Dumbleyung,10a.m.

April6:Wagin,8a.m.;Wedgecairup,10a.m.

April13:Wagin,8a.m.;Dumbleyung,10a.m.

April20:Kukerin,9a.m.;Lake Grace,11a.m.

April27:Dumbleyung,9a.m.; Wagin,11a.m.

HARVEYMASSTIMFTABLE.

March30:Harvey,8a.m.;Waroona, 10a.m.

TOODYAYMASSTIM:"'TABLE.

March30:Wonga:nine,8am.;Toodyay,9.30a.m.

April6:Toodyay,8a.m.;Jennacubbine,10a.m.

April13(EasterSunday':Toodyay, 8a.m.;Mundaring,10.30a.m.

April20:Jennacubbine,8.30;Toodyay,10a.m.

April27:Clackline,8.30a.m.;Toodyay,10a.m.

MANJIMUP

MASSTIMETABLE.

March30:Pemberton,8a.m.;Northcliffe,10am.

IntheTrainto

THEtraincrawledlaboriouslyon itswaytoLisbon;mycompanionlaidasidehisnewspaper withasigh,.dippedhishandintoa capaciouspocketanddrewforth"the makings"ofacigarette.Ashe.rolled theweedheeyedmeinquisitively,and Iwaitedforhimtoopenthediscussion.

"BeenlonginPortugal?"heasked.

"Quiteawhile,"Ireplied.

"NicercountrythanEngland?"

"Perhaps;butyouseeIdon'tknow muchofEngland.'

"No?Butyou'reEnglish."

"No,I'mIrish."

"Sure,it'salltheonething."

"Idon'tseethatitis,"Ireplied, "fortherearegreatersimilaritiesbetweenSpainandPortugalthanbetweenmycountryandEngland.For onething,we'renotjoinedbyland; we'reseparatedbysea,asGodmade us;anotherthing,wearetwodifferent peoplesandhavecompletelydifferent religions."

Hewaspuffingcontentedlythewhiie, followingmystatementsclosely.What professionhebelongedtoitwasimpossibletosay,buthetooknothing forgranted.

"Ialwaysheard,"hesaid,thatthe BritishIsleswereruledfromLondon, andsureIrelandisoneoftheseisles, isitnot?"

"Ireland,"Ireplied,"is-isIreland; havingitsownPresidentandParliament."

"Ihadtheideathatitwasunder EnglandandpartofEngland,"hereplied.

"Youdid?That'snoharm.IAlot ofpeoplethinkLisbonisaSpanish city."

"Eh?inearnest?Lord,whatignorancethereisintheworld."

"Butthewar,"hepersisted."How doesIrelandfareinthewar?"

"Irelandisnotinwar-she'sneutral, excepttheNorthernpartofit."

"What?onepartofthecountryis neutralandtheotheratwar.It doesn'tmakesense,"helaughed.

"Itmaynot,butit'safact.We havetwoGovernments,twoParliaments,twoarmies,twopoliceforces, two "

"Allintheonecountry?IsitbiggerthanPortugal?"

"No;itissmaller,"

"ThatbeatsallIeverheard,"he said.

Well,that'showitis,"Isaid."It's theresultofwizardyof'theWelsh Wizard.'"

"Neverheardofthat,"hesaid.

"Well,"saidI,"howarethings here?"

"Thingsaregoodandbad,"hereplied."Thiswasabadyearforwheat andgrapes,becauseofthelackofrain intheearlyspring.Pricesaregoing up;butofcoursetheycannotcross thefixedprice.Thewar,too,hasincreasedcostsofotherprovisions,even thoughwearenotdirectlyhitby thefinancialblizzards.We'vehad balancedbudgetsforthepasteleven years,eachyearwithasurpluson hand.Lastyearthesurplusamountedtoover millions."

"That'ssomethingtowritehome about,"Ireplied."Butwheredoyou getallthismoney?"

"Well,now,Idon'tknowexactlyif itisnotfromgoodmanagingandwise taxation,foryouknow,"headded proudly,"wehavethebestmaninthe worldforeconomics;Salazar,Imean."

"SoIhear-soIhear."

Salazarknowshisbook;taxesall around.ItoldhimIhadhadtopay toenterthecustomsshedsatthedocks atLisbonwhenIlefttheship.

"I'mnotsurprised,"hereplied."We allknowthatthetaxesarewellspread. Nowlookatthetaxondogs,forinstance.Wehavealltopayforour dogs."

ItoldhimitwasthesameinIrealnd.

"Thenthere'sthebicycletax."

"Wearefreeofthatyet."

"Thenthetaxonhorses."

"Horses?Whatkindofhorses?"

"Everykind,"hereplied."Cart horsesorracehorses.Thenwehave rentsonhousesandproperty."

"Andwhogetsallthismoney?

"TheCamara(localcouncil),forthe roads,bridges,etc.Sowehaveour owntroubles,"heconcluded.

"Yes,butthecostoflivingislower thanmostothercountries.Youcan livecheaply."

"Wecanandwecan't.Wehave notthehighwagesofothercountries. Wehaveourunemploymentproblem, too,andwehaveourgrumblersand discontents,whothinktheGovernment knowsnothing."

"Isee;Isee.'Tisthesameeverywhere."

"Isupposeso.Irememberbefore 28th.MayRevolutionpeoplewould

Lisbon

laughiftheyweretoldthatPortugal wouldseesuchadayasthis.We hadtwobalancedbudgetssince1900; wehadthreePresidentstheoneyear, andGovernmentschangedovernight. Onetimetheuniversitystudentsin Coimbrawentonstrike;anotherday thefactoryhandsinOporto.Things gotsobadthatthepeopleceasedto takeaninterestinParliament,with itscontinuouswranglesanddebates, buttheDictatorshipfinishedallthat, andSalazarfinishedtheDictatorship withhisCorporateState."

"It'samiracle,"Isaid.

"'Tis,indeed,"hereplied."Of coursetheyoungpeopledidnotlike tolosetheirvotes."

"Butistherenotuniversalsuffrage; votesforallover21?"

"Notabitofit.Votesforheads offamiliesandothersintelligentenough

By"MacH.,"inthe"Standard." 1111111111111111111110111111111101111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 toutilisetheirright.Iftheheadof thefamilydies,forexample,ifthe fatherdies,thenhiswidowbecomes headofthefamilyandhasavote;if thetwoparentsdie,thentheeldest childwhoattains21years,andsoon. Oh,it'stherightway.Notasinthe olddays,whencandidateswereelected becauseoftheirgliboratoryorcurly hair,"hesaidlaughing.

"It'saninterestingsystem,"Isaid, "andthere'snodoubtbutthatit worksallright."

"Well,hereweareinLisbon,soI mustbeleavingyou;butyoumustte-ll memoreaboutthatcuriousislandwith thetwoGovernments.Haveyouas goodfruitasthatinIreland?"heaskedaswepassedwaggonsofgrapes, lemons,melons,oranges,etc.

"No,"Isaid."WehavegoodOrangemen,buttheyhavenooranges."

"Adeus,"hesaid.

"Adeus."

PortugalNotSo Catholic

AdisturbingfeatureintheCatholic lifeofPortugalisthelackofpriests andthescarcityofvocationstothe priesthood,saystheLisboncorrespondentofthe"CatholicHerald."There are49EnglishstudentsattheEnglish CollegeinLisbonundertheRectorship ofMgr.Cullen.AttheSeminarioPatriarcialthereisoneIrishstudentdestinedfortheCaliforniandioceseof Fresno.

Ontheotherhand,CatholicActionis wellorganisedinthecountryand countssome100,000members.

ThefactthatPresidentSalazarisa goodpractisingCatholicgivesan Englishmantheimpression,wholly false,thatPortugalisaStatefilled withgoodCatholics.Itistruethat theChurch,likeotherpublicbodies andcorporations,isrepresented"in parliamentbytwoelectedmembers, butsince1909ChurchandStateare distinctandseparate.

rowTimestoChurch.

Educationisinthehandsofthe Etateandisnon-religious-Coimbra UniversityaloneretainsitsCatholic traditions.Thisuniversityreopened fortheautumnsessionwithaninauugralHighMass,manyChurchand Statenotabilitiesassisting.

TheaveragePortugueseCatholic man,liketheaverageCatholicFrenchman,thinksthatfourtimesinalifetimeissufficienttogotochurch,so youwillonly himtherethedayof hisbaptism,ofhisfirstCommunion, hismarriage,andfinallyhehopestobe broughttherebyhisfriendsandrelationsonthedayofhisburial.

Atthemoment,whentheprocess forcanonisationofagreatPortuguese missionary,BlessedJohndeBrite,is inprogressinRome,theCardinalPatriarchherehasissuedastrongappeal toallthefaithfultoprayforthesuccessofthecauseatRomeandhopes thattheexampleofthenewly-canon'sedmissionarywillinspiremanyof thePortugueseyouthtodedicatetheir livestothepriesthood.

CorrectAccessories forMen'sEveningWear

Cogans

SHIRTS COLLARS TIES SOCKSHANKSBRACES

Each

Australia'sCatholicYouth AndtheSocialQuestion

"Forthence-aparadox. WhichcomfortswhileitmocksShalllifesucceedinthatitseemsto fail."

THEcentralpuzzlementofyouth to-day-orofAustralianyouth, anyway-isanoverpoweringsenseof frustration.Somuchtodowhichis withinone'spowerandyetsolittleopportunity.Theconsciousnessofpersonalfailurecombinedwiththeconvictionofimpotencehasresultedin apathy,indifferenceandanhabitual tendencytoshirkresponsibility.

Isthisajustifiablestateofmindor isitmerelysomekindofneurosisresultingfromthetensionofwar?

Itseemstomethatthislamentable conditionoftheyoungpre-datedthe warandthatitistoogeneraltobe passedoilasamoodand,moreover, toopersistent.Weallknowthatthis isanageofmasspsychology,wherein communitiesandnationsaredefinitely bludgeonedintodesiredframesof mindoremotionalstates.Lookat themoraleffectsofadvertising mail,andtheceaselesswearingdown ofpeoplebynewspaperandradio!

Ifyouthisonthevergeofdespair,I feelitsattitudeisgenerallyunder standable.WhentheWorldWarconcludedtherewassignedadocument whichwascalled"theArmistice."No oneapparentlywashypocriticalenough tocallit"aPeace."Thereafter,the worldbeingmadesafefordemocracy, political,socialandeconomiclife&generatedfairlyrapidlyintochaos. Withintenyears"TheDepression" blessedword)wasupontheworld. Economistsandpoliticiansexplainedit blandlyasdueto"tradecycles,"but thecommonmanwasbecomingaware thatitwasattributablemoretodeliberatemanipulationthantochance.The unemploymentqueuesgrewlonger. Whatlittleprivateownershipremainedcamesoontobemortagedtoprivatebanks.Manyownerssoldoutto becomemanagersinlargeconcerns.

Mosttragicalwasthesurrenderof moralvalues.,Theworldwasswept byanunprecedentedwaveofsexualism.Thefundamentalunitofthe State,thefamilyandmarriage,the guaranteeofitssanctityandstability wasattackedatitssource.Formany theprospectofmaritalfidelitywas vitiatedattheoutsetbypre-nuptial license.Themarriagestateitselfwas progressivelyweakenedbythewideningofthegroundsofdivorce.Further,andmoreterribly,thereactionto thesacrificeandunnaturalconditions ofwar-timewasevidencedbyunnaturallicenseandanattempttoescaperesponsibilitiesbybirth-preventionortheyetmoremonstrousevilof abortion.Thegeneralresultofthese practiceshavemorethanpersonaleffects.Theybegantobemirroredin thenationallife.Populationinthe English-speakingcountriesandin

RacingSelections

Saturday,March29,1941. (BeforeAcceptances.)

W.A.Breeders'Handicap:Oakboy, 1;Tresigne,2;LadyTourist,3.

MaidenHandicap:Oredanus,1;Roselian,2;Derek,3. CanningHandicap:HowieWing,1; MadamMurphy,2;Kangaroobie,3. CanningPurse(1):ShowGal,1; Yanchep,2;Tropics,3. CanningPurse(2):Frangus,1;Amplaid,2;Bundamba,3. WelterHandicap:Chariton,1;TempleChief,2;Fraction,3.

TrottingSelections

GLOUCESTERPARK.

Saturday,March29,1941.

W.A.Breeders'Handicap:GoodGift, 1;HuonCloud,2;ConeyMavista,3. FremantleHandicap:LordAdonis, 1;Wallaway,2;DukeLand,3. Sportsmen'sHandicap:Emerald Pride,1;GoldVale,2;BessieDonald, 3. PerthHandicap:PrinceYamma,1; Walisca,2;Katarab,3. CharityHandicapSilverEmblem, 1;

Franceshowedanalarmingdecline andsenilitywassopronouncedinsome thatGovernmentssoughtreliefbyintroducingsocialservicesinvolving highertaxation. Thiswas,inpart,theworldinto whichthechildren,whoarenowcitizens,wereborn.Smallwonderif theirlivesaredominatedbydisillusion.frustrationandimpotence.They werebornandgrowthroughchildhood intheaftermathofonewaronlyto find,asadults,thatasecondandgreat111.11111111111113111H1111.1111111111111111111111.1H111111111114111H11,0

414111111111111111M1.1111111111H101.11111111111111111112,1111fill1114111

ercataclysmwasuponthem.They haveseensocialinjusticenotonly rampantthroughoutsocietybutentrenchedandmaderespectable.

SoitwasthatCommunismgained groundinsuchnumericalstrengthand withsuchrapidityamongadolescents. Whileitofferedthemnothingimmediatelytangible,itdidgivethema catharsisintheclasshateandtheclass struggle.Occasionallytherewereriots andstrikes,andtheycouldmagnify theirsmallsacrificesfortheCauseinto martyrdom.Butanyhowitdiddo somethingtoassuagethehungerof theirheartsintheemptinessofthe worldaboutthem.Thegenerosity andidealismofyouthwastwistedinto meresneeringandfanaticism.Elsewhereintheworldravagingdiscontent caughtyouthinitsclutches,andnot merelyfordistructionasinSpainbut foranewdealinpoliticsandeconomicsasinthenationswefightto-day. Perhapstheiridealismisastray,too, butanywaytheirenergiesandtheir impulsesweredirectedtowardssomethingpositiveandsomethingwhich showedresultswhileourownboysand girlsmerelysankintomoreabysmal stagnation.

Itispopularlybelievedthatthisis theageofyouth.Butoneofthe oldergenerationsaidtomerecently withbitterness:"Youthhasbeena cursetotheworld."Andinpointof factwehavefounditnecessaryto fightthosepeopleswhosereorientation hasbeenbuiltmainlyonyouth.But inourownEnglish-speakingcultures ithascertainlynotbeen"anageof youth"fromanypointofview.After Versailleseveryonesaidthatthe"oldsters"havemadeachoicemessofthe worldandthatyouthshouldbegiven ago."Andeveryoneapparently tookthewordforthedeed.Butit hasnotactuallybeenso.Maynot thefrustrationofouryouthlay,generally,inthecontrastbetweenthe eageropportunity-ladenchancesof theircomradesinEurope(however mistaken)andtheirowninertiaand hopelessprospect?

ForCatholicyouththematterdrives deeper.Itarisesprimarilyinmy opinionoutofwhatwecall"thesocial question."

Inthepasttenyearstherehasbeen anotablequickeningoftheCatholic consciousnessregardingthemanifold injusticesinoursocialorder.Youth knowsitbecauseyouthhasbeenthe chiefsufferer.Theseyoungstershave -someofthem-losttheirjobson reachingadultage,havewastedyears indead-endjobs,orarelanguishingin employmentwhichoffersnoadvancementandnopossibilityofoneday beingtheirownmasters.Forvery manywagesaresopoorthatmarriage becomesaremoteprospect.,Andlate marriagesarecomingtobethemorm. Eveninmarriagetheeconomicargumentforbirth-controlloomslarge whereeconomicadjustmentissopatentlyunjust.

HencethedilemmaofCatholicyouth istosquareoffthepersonalequation ofconscientiousnessandhonestytowardstheemployerwithhissocialaspirationstochangethewholesystem inwhichheworks.Hebelievesthat propertyisanaturalright,butasa wage-earnerseeslittleprospectofacquiringownership.Hebelievesinthe family,butseeslittlepossibilityof marriage.Hewantsahomebutapart fromacceptingalife-timeofunjustinterestcannotaspiretohaveone. Hencehebecomesarent-payeror worse-aflat-dweller.

Nowthisinwardconflictcanonlymakeforpsychologicalconfusion.The intelligentCatholicinemploymenttodayknowshowwronglyadiustedsocietyit.Butagainsttheavariceof thefewandtheignoranceofthemany heisdwarfedandconsciousofhis pigmy-stature.

Itistruethathecanandmust spiritualisehiswork.Somehow,he

musttrytoseehiswork-bench,or counterasanaltaronwhichhesacrificeshimselfforthereturnofa Christianorderofthings.

Butasfordoingsomethingpractical hecanforthemomentonlypublicise therightviews.Andpatiencedoes notcomeeasilytotheAustralian.The onlyrealinitiativeourracehasshown isonthebattlefield,andhereour geniushasbeenfortheoffensive.Our moraledoesnotstandupwelltoa longsustaineddefensiveaction.That isourcastofsoul.Andforthemomentasregardsthesocialproblemwe mustpreserveoursoulsinpatience.

Thisdoesnotmeanwearewasting time.Theworkofeducationalpene- trationmustbewelladvancedwhen thedayofliberationstrikes.Foryou cannotimposefreedomonaslave mentality.Andagain,thorough-going organisationmusttakeplaceinthe ranksofouryouth.Todatethishas beensadlyneglected,butwehave nowputourhandstothetask.And thereisnotwantingevidenceofwhat canbedonewhenyouthisreally aroused.

Theintroductionofchildendowment,forexample,wastoalargeextentattributabletoCatholicefforts, andtoyoungCatholiceffortinpar- ticular.Itisinitselfbutastop-gap, butitistheaperitifwhichwhetsthe appetiteformore.

Hemusttrytoseehisworkbench,orcounter,asanaltaronwhich hesacrificeshimselfforthereturnof aChristianorderofthings.

LittleSistersofthePoor,Glendalough

CelebrationsinhonouroftheFeastofSt.Joseph ASSEENFROMANINMATE'S ANGLE.

ITwasdecidedatlastyear'scelebrationstomakeanannualfesti valofSt.Joseph'sday.Sothe Sistershadworkedwithindefatigable energyandenthusiasminpreparation forthecelebration.Thedaywasa delightfulone.

PennantsbearingthecombinedSt. JosephandPapalcolourswavedinvitinglyfromeithersideofthemain entrance.

PromptlyattheappointedhourHis GracetheArchbishoparrived,accompaniedbymanyofthemetropolitan clergy.

Manyofourleadingcitizens,includingtheLordMayor(Dr.Meagher) andtheLadyMayoress,gracedtheoccasionwiththeirpresence.Somefrom far-offKalgoorlieandotherdistant townswerenoticed.

HisGracewasusheredintothe spaciousandtastilydecorateddining hallstotheheartycheeringandglad greetingsofallpresent.HisGrace quicklyputallattheireasebychattingwiththeoldinmatesandmaking theacquaintanceofthenewones.After sayingtheusualprayer,hegavethe orderto"carryon.''Itwasthenthat thevisitors,bothclergyandlaity, showedtheirappreciationofthegood Sisters'hardendeavoursbyservinga sumptuousrepasttotheinmates,while alivelyandgayconversationwascarriedonbetweenserversandserved,as iftheyhadknowneachotherforyears.

Afterallhaddined,theassemblyvisitedthestrikinglybeautifulchurch, whereHisGracegavePontificalBenediction.TheNuns'Choirrendered themusicintheirusualsweet-toned inimitablemanner.Thisbroughta delightfulandmemorabledaytoa close.

ThegoodMother,theSisters,and theinmatesaredeeplygratefultoHis Graceandtheclergyfortheirpresence. AlsototheLordMayorandLadyMaycressandcitizenswhoattended.May theyallmeetagainatthenextanniversary.

THECATHOLICYOUNGLADIES' 'CLUB.

TheCatholicYoungLadies'Club willre-openonThursdaynight,April 3. Themeetingwillheheldinthe CatholicTennisAssociationRoomsin BactonHouse,Hay-street,at8p.m. Aswearecommencinglaterthanusual wewillhavetogetdowntowork straightaway,andmakeourplansfor theforthcomingyear.Weexpectall oldmemberstobepresentandnew memberswillbeverywelcome.

M1158-Telephones-L1460 MEAD,SON&CO. FUNERALDIRECTORS.

190ALBANYROAD,VIC.PARK. 33CANNINGHIGHWAY. EASTFREMANTLE. 4

TENNISDAYATZOO.

TheCatholicLawnTennisAssociationisconductingatennisdayatthe SouthPerthZooonSunday,March30, theproceedstobedevotedtotheCatholicWelfareOrganisationforpatrio- ticpurposes.

SAFECROSSING.

Thewell-knownU.S.convertplay- wrightandradiodramatist,Mr.CourtenaySavage,hasattendedtheworld premiereofhislatestplay,"SafeCrossing,"inWashington. AuthorofseveralBroadwaysuccessesandaprominentfigureintheatre worldhewasformerlyanexecutive ofthefamousColumbiaBroadcasting System.Hehaswrittenanddirected scriptsformanynationallybroadcast radiodramas.

HislatestplaycentresonSt.Christopher,patronoftravellers,anddeals withrackateerswhoattempttoexploitthefaithofthedevout.

NEWSandNOTES

SacredHeartHighSchoolOldGirls' Associationrequesttheattendanceof membersattheirgeneralmeetingat theConventonSunday,March30,at 7.15p.m. ), 'Mr.WilliamKealy,of27Stricklandstreet,SouthPerth,lateofGeraldton, wastenderedasurprisepartylastSaturday,March22,theoccasionbeing his83rd.birthday.

FollowingsoonafterhisyoungsisterEmer'sgraduationwithB.A.Honours,Dr.EamonnDeValera,namesakeandsecondsurvivingsonof Eire'sPremier,haspassedtheexaminationatUniversityCollege,Dublin, fortheM.A.O.,givinghimfourmedicaldegrees.Hiselderbrother,Vivian, isaB.L.,B.Sc.andM.Sc.,aswellas beinganArmyCaptain.MissMaureen DeValeraisanM.Sc.,andLt.Rory DeValeraisaB.A.Dr.EamonnDe Valera,incidentally,wasapost-gradu- atestudentintheLondonhospitals theotheryear,specialisingingynaecology.HeisnowAssistantMasterof theNationalMaternityHospitalin Dublin.

DressandFashion

SUPERFLUOUSHAIRS. RemovedPermanentlybyElectrolysis. TheOnlyMethodwhichhasproved Successful.ConsultationFree. MISSR.DUGGAN, ROOM33,3rd.FLOOR, GLEDDENBUILDINGS. B8455. 101111,1111181111111111.8,11H10.1111111111.111111141111.1111411n1111

CHAS.B.MURPHY, GraduateSmaeInstitute,Eng. Massage,Manipulative,Therapy,TurkishBaths,etc. 603MURRAYSTREET,PERTH. TelephoneB5867. ByAppointment. SpecialrateforathletesSundaymornings,between9oclockand12noon. 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

TheHatthatSavedaSoul

ITwasthethirdmonthofthewar, December8,1939,tobeprecise, andtheFeastofOurLady'sImmaculateConception.London,vastand vulnerable,waslearningtoblack-out itsmyriadlightseffectively.Theproblemwasabigone,especiallyforthe shopsandthosewhocateredforthe city'seveningpleasure-seekers.Even thechurches,facedwiththesamedifficulty,ofconcealingeverytinystreak oflight,closedtheirdoorsatanyearly hour.Mostpeople,homefromwork, followedtheGovernment'sadvice,findingsafetyanddiversionroundtheir ownfiresides.

Outside,intheinkydarknessofthe night,soldiersandcivilians,indistinguishableblackshapes,gropedtheir way.'Busesandtramsrumbledalong, ghostlythings,passingthecustomary stages-withoutknowing-tothechagrinofdisappointedpassengers.Here andtheretorchlightsflashedlikeglowworms,andfromnowhereinthedark adisembodiedvoicehowledraucously: "Oi!putthatblarstedlightout!"

IrememberthisdarkDecember nightverywell.Thefriarychurch hadbeenclosedatanearlyhour,and forthefirsttimeinmanyyearsthe solemnchantingoftheOfficeinhonourofMary'sfeastwascancelled.With anhourormoretosparebeforesupper, IdecidedtovisitapooroldFranciscanTertiarywho,haditnotbeenfor theblack-out,wouldhavecomeforthe greatfestivalasshehaddonefor40 yearswithoutabreak.SoIsetoff.

Iboardedthe'busatNewCrossGate onmywaytoGreenwich.Itwasalmostfullofsoldiersreturningtotheir barracks.Theybelongedtothe "Queen's."Itwasnoteasytofind aseatamongstthiskhaki-cladcrowd. withonlyanarrowslitoflightatthe farendtolightenthegloom.After standingafewmomentsIsatnextto ayoungsoldierwhoseinfectiouslaughterandunrestrainedmerrimentdetainedeventheconductorinhisduty. Totheaccompanimentofamouthorganhesanglustilyasongabout"a birdinagildedcage,"mostofwhich, Ishouldsay,washisowncomposition, andwouldneverpassthecensor.Turninground,asifforapproval,henoticed myclericalcollarand,tohiscreditit mustbesaid,hemutteredanapology.

.Asuddenbrakingofthe'bus,atthe Deptfordtrafficlights,pitchedthelot ofusforward,andinthelurchI,and themirth-makersnexttome,lostour hats.Theincident,oddlyenough,beganaconversationabouthats,their use,abuseanduselessness.Mine, flungwellinfront,wastriedonseveral militaryheadsbeforeitreturnedtome, butIshallalwaystreasureitnowand regarditasatalisman.Ithashelped tosaveasoul!

Thisisthestory.Duringthetryoutofthehat,theladnexttome, knowingnowthatIwasa"preacher," seemedperturbedlestIshouldvoice mydispleasureandbegantoassureme eltatitwouldhesafe.Iassuredhim

BRYANT&WATERS

80to90STIRLINGST.,PERTH.

WOODandCOALMERCHANTS.

OrdersPromptlyAttendedto. 'Phone:B3938.

PUZZLE

FINDTr-EMANOFTHE OMENT.

inreturnthatIdidnotmindinthe leastasthehat,alreadyverybattered, wasonlydoingtemporaryservice. Thenwiththatinimitablebluntnessof theLondonerbornon"thissideofthe water,"heasked:"Whatareyou?"I askedhimtoguess."Afroggyora rabbi,"healmostwhispered,suspiciouslyeyeingmybeard.Iwasabout torevealmyidentitywhenIwassuddenlydistractedbytheglisteningofa badgewhichheworeonthecollarof histunic."Whatdoesthisrepresent?"Iasked."Oh!that'sthebadge oftheregiment,sir,"heproudlyanswered. ItwasaLamb,theheadsurrounded byahalo,withaflagbetweenthefeet, the"AgnusDei,"thatsymbolwhich allCatholicsloveinitsperfectsymMIHVIIIIIMUCIIMUMWIMMO11311108.MIHMIHUIVIIMAD

411111H8111111.1111111111111H1.1111I11111,11111111M1111111H811111111114

holismoftheSaviourofMankind.In thedarkened'busitseemedtoshine withunusualbrightnessasitreflected, duetoregularpolishing,thetinyrayoflightfromthenarrowslitinthe maskthatcoveredtheonlyelectric lamp.Icouldnotrestrainmytongue.Ifeltthatthisladoughtto knowwhatthebadgerepreesnted.As IexplainedtheCatholicoriginofhis regiment,theothers,intheseatimmediatelyinfront,listenedattentively.

Isuggestedthatwithsuchabadge inhiscoatandforagecap,heoughtto feellikeacrusader,feelliketheCrusadersofoldwho,assoldierswearing theCrossofChristupontheirshields, battledvaliantlyforthetriumphofthe CrossovertheCrescent:thatgoingto Franceinthiswarwas,thoughfew perhapsknewit,amoderncrusadeto winavictoryfortheCrossoverthe Swastika.Catholics,Itoldhim,wear the"AgnusDei"toprotectthemfrom harm,andtoremindthemfrequently oftheirFaith,andthelovethey shouldhavefortheLordofHosts.The boylistenedtome.Hisboisterousness hadgone,butIknowhedidnotunderstand.Maybehewassoattentive inordertomakeupfortheembarrassmenthefeltwhenhesawmyhatgoing theround.

IfthepointIhadinspeakingfailed togetitsmark,whatodds?This youthfulsoldierofthe"Queen's"would atleastknowthathecarriedanemblemwhichhadaChristiansignificance,andwhich,ifnotinsulted,might keephimfromharm.Ithinkthat ideawenthome.

Mydestinationwasalmostreached. Istooduptogowitha"Goodnight, everybody,"whenoneofthesoldiersin frontblurtedout:'Excuseme,Father, I'maCatholic,'andwithjustthe slightesthesitationhesaid,fingering thebadgeonhistunic,"willyoubless itforme?"

Closertohimnow,hemuttered words,audibletohiscompanionsas tome,wordsIshallneverforget:"I haven'tbeentoMassforalongtime, Father,butI'llgoonSunday"--"and confessiontoo,"Iadded.Thegrip ofhishandsaid"Yes.'

Thenheoftheribaldsonginsisted onshakinghands,eventhoughthe 'bushadstartedoffagain,and,fulfillinghisrequesttoblesshisbadgetoo,I hurriedoff.

Sothemerry-makingsoldierboy andapriest'sbatteredhatbecameinstrumentsinGod'sHandtobringa strayingsheepbacktotheFold "andtheLightshinethinthedarkness.. Ilikethathatnow.Itseemsto suitmebetter.-"Universe."

WARMAYBEJUST,SAYSVATICAN.

"War,ithasbeensaid,isacurse," saidRadioVaticaninabroadcastto Germany."Butwarisnotalways sinful.

'IftheChristianeconomyconsideredallwarssinful,saysSt.Thomas quotingSt.Augustine,thentheGospel wouldcounselallthosewhoareseekingsalvationtolaydowntheirarms andhavenothingtodowiththewar.

"Thisitdoesnotdo.Thespiritof theGoSpelisnottobeconfounded withunconditionalpacifism.Cases mayoccurinwhichitisadutytoresistwithforcetheinvasionofanunjustaggressor.

"Itmaybeadutytowagewarfor thevindicationofavitalrightwhich hasbeenviolatedbyanenemy nation.

"Anycontraryprincipleswould condemnthelaw-abidingtointolerable slavery.

"Theagoniesofwarare,afterall, farlessthanthecollapseofChristian civilisation."

resultthatthespectatorshadfewdull moments.Hissidecompiled276,and, inadditiontothecaptain'sscoreofZ39, usefulcontributionsweremadeby Powell(45),McDonald(41),Evans (34),andRoach(29).

"Tony"Zimbuliscapturedthebowlinghonours,securing7for72.Hehas seldomhowledbetter,andthoughpunishedratherseverelyattimes,healwayskepttheballwellup,anddeservedhisgood-lookingfigures.

FrankishhasprovedhimselfMt. Lawley'sbestall-rounderthisseason. Seldomisitthathefailstofigurepro-minentlyeitherwithbatorball.

EricMcKenziegavehisbrightest displayoftheseasonincompiling61.

DARLOTCUPMATCHES.

MatcheslistedforWednesday, April2,are:

Aquinasv.Hale,atW.A.C.A. Scotchv.Guildford,atScotch.

BOXING

ThisweekIamsupplyingtoreadersGeneTunney'sownaccountofhis secondfightwithJackDempsey,"the longcount"fight.Firstletmequote whatthereferee,DaveBarry,saidto thepairbeforethefightstarted:

"Therabbitandkidneyblowsare barred,ofcourse."

"NowIwantyoutogetthisone pointclear,"continuedBarry."In theeventofaknock-down,theman scoringtheknock-downwillgotothe farthestneutralcorner.'

"Isthatclear,jack"?!turningto Dempsey)-and"Isthat clear, Champ.,"turningtoTunney.Both nodded.ThenBarrystresseditfurther:"Now,remember,intheevent'of aknock-down,unlesstheonescoringit. goestothefarthestneutralcorner,I willnotbeginthecountuntilhedoes."

ThatisplainEnglish,andwasvery plaintotheprincipals.Yettimeand againonehearsthatDempseywas "robbed"ofthedecisiononaccountof "thelongcount."Hewasnot.Then Barrysaid,"Shakehandsnowand comeoutfighting."

AndnowTunneyistalking.

"Inmyanxietytoendthefightbya knockout,Ithrewandmissedmore rightsthanIordinarilywouldhavein twentyfights.Iscoredoftenwithmy left,seldomwithmyright.Sodid Dempsey.However,Dempseywas fightingaconsiderablydifferentright tothatofourfirstmeeting.Hewas verycautious.BecauseofthisIwas unabletogethimintoapositionthat wouldmakehimatarget.Heleft veryfewopenings.

"AttheendofthefourthroundI finallynailedhimwithoneofthose wildrightstothetemple.Hestaggeredbackintoacorner.Hewas considerablydazed,hutalertenough tocoverup.Thebellrang.Hewent tohiscornerinanunsteadystride.

"SittinginmycornerIthoughtthat theendwasnear,andthatIshould probablygethiminthenextorfollowinground.Muchtomysurprise, heansweredthebellforthefifthround asclearandasstrongashewasatthe beginning.

"Ihadopenedtwocutsonhisface, bothofwhichwerebleeding.The fifthroundpassedwithoutmuch heavydamagebeingdone,though therewasconsiderableaction.Ifelt Iwasleadingbyabigmarginon points.

"Wewerebothfencingcarefully.I wastryingtomanoeuvrehimintoan

SPORTINGQUIZ.

AnswerstoLastWeek'sQuestions.

1.Malua,aMelbourneCupwinner,wasallotted13st.whenenteredforaCaulfieldGrandNationalSteeplechase.

2.Ifthebatsmenareattemptingathirdrun,andthewicket isbrokenbyafieldsmanwith ballinhand,witheachbatsmanoutofhisground,thebatsmannearestthewicketwhich isbrokenisout.Tworuns whichwerecompletedmustbe allowedforthestroke.

3.DaveStricklandistheonly Westraliantowin"TheStawell Gift."

4.Thewhiteballusedinbowls iscalled"thejack."

5.FrankSchryver,ofthis State,representedAustralia'at breast-strokeswimmingatthe OlympicGames,heldatStockholm,1912.

ThisWeek'sQuestions.

1.ThreeAustralianshavewon theWimbledonSinglesTitle. Namethem.

2.Whathurdleroncewona raceinSydneywithLlst.121b. up?

3.WhichAustralianhasmade thehighestscoreinamatchin AustraliaagainstEngland?

4.Ingolf,alooseimpediment maybemovedwithoutapen- alty,exceptinoneinstance. Whatisit?

5.Recentlyarecordwasmade forfastscoringinbilliards.(a) Whatwasit;(h)whodidit?

opening,sothatIcouldgetashotat hisjaw.Ilewasattempting.tocross myleftleadwithastraightlongright. Thesixthwassimilartothefifth. Myright-handerswerelandinghigh, andJack'scross-counterswereeither missingorgrazingmyjaw.Atclose quartersItiedhimup.This,howeverwasmoretopreventhisusingthe rabbitpunchthanadisinclinationon myparttofight.

"Despiterepeatedwarningsfromthe referee,hecontinuedtousetherabbitblow,wheneverIfailedtotiehim up.Thisrabbitblowisthemostdangerousinboxing. "Intheseventh,aftersomefiftyseconds,jabbing,feintingandmixing,I ledastraightleft,whichDempsey crossedwithalongright,whichhitme high.Irealisedit,andsodidDempsey.Idancedbackasteportwoand Dempseyfollowed.Withalongswinginghook,hehitmeontherightaids ofthechin.Itwasasavagepunch, andshookmeup.TothisdayIcan.notunderstandhowImissedseeingit asitcame.

"Igotfuriouswithmyselfforbeing hitwiththatkindofswing.Ithad beentelegraphed.Howstupidofme! Suchwasmyreaction.Suddenlya rightfollowedwhichIpartiallyrode. Mybackwastotheropes.Ileaned againstthemquiterelaxed.Reboundingwithaspring,Iraisedmyguard.

"Dempseyslippedinwithanother lefthookthatgotinsidemyguard andhitmeasIsprangfromtheropes. Thisblowhadtheaddedforceof catchingmeasIhurledmyselfforward. Itlandedagainontherightsideof thechin.Itwasaterrificblow.I begansaggingagainsttheropes.It wasthefourthhehadlandedinquick succession.AsIslowlycrumpledto thecanvas,beingpartiallysupported andheldupbytheropes,hefollowed withahardright,aleft,andanother right.Bythetimethelastright landedIwasjustshortofsittingon thefloor.Sevenviciouspunchesin all.Ihavenorecollectionofthelast three. "Thiswasthefirsttimeinmylife Ihadbeenknockeddown.AftergettingtothefloorIslowlywentbacktowardsarecliningposition.Beforemy shoulderbladestouchedthecanvas,I instinctivelyreachedoutwithmyleft hand,andtakingholdofthelower

Thursday,March27,1911.

ropepulledmyselfintoasittingposition.

"Myfirstconsciousreactionwasone ofcomfort.Gosh!thepaddedfloor wasgood.Inoticedthatthedistance betweenmyeyesandthecanvasseemedshort.Imusthedown!Imust bedown!

"'Youmusthavebeenknocked down,'Itoldmyselfratherfoolishly. WhatshallIdowhenIgetup?

"Ilookedoveratmycorner.My secondswerewild-eyedbeckoningme tokeepdown.Inodded,recognising themandtheirmessage.Therewas thereferee.Iheardhimsay'Two.'I hadlotsoftime-lotsoftime.

''WhattodowhenIgotup-that wastheproblem.

"IdecidedthatImustavoidallowingDempseytocloseinonmewhenI gotup.Irememberedthatinthe earlypartofthefight,asIfeintedhim andmovedaway,hewouldflounder afterme.Thiswasthecuetomysafestcourse--togetupandmakehim chaseme.Thatwasmydecision.

"Determinedtogetthelastpartofa secondthatwasmine,Iroseastherefereeraisedhishandtosay'Ten.'

"Ineverhadanythoughtofgetting upbeforetherefereesaid'Nine: Whether29secondsornineseconds hadelapsedwhentherefereesaid 'Nine'madenodifferencetome.My signaltogetoffthefloorwasthe count-Nine!

"Yourlegsarefinewasthefirst thoughtIhadafterrising.Dempsey wasdartingtowardsmefromthecorner.Hewascrouchingforward.His headwasaboutfourfeetfromthe floor.Asavagescrowlcoveredhis faceashelookedupfrombelowhis heavyeyebrows.Withhisrighthand upasaguard,thelefthanddragged alongtheflooruntilitgotwithinhittingdistance.

"Thistime,Isaidtomyself,'you willcatchthatleft,andnotbesucker enoughtowalkintoitagain.'"

(Concludedinnextissue.)

CYCLING

Oneofthegreatestperformancesof alltimewasthatbyPaulGuignard, waybackin1909,whenhesetupa world'srecordforanhour'sriding.It wasdonebehindpaceontheMunich trackinGermany.Herodeabicycle gearedupto160inches,andwaspaced byamotorcycle.Riders,atthat periodanyway,wereusing26-inch wheelsforpacing.

Treatedasacontrasttothecon, parativelyprimitive,though,atleast, equallymeritorioushourrecordmade byH.L.Cortesin1882,of20miles perhour,theFrenchman'sfeatseems incredible.

ThetrackonwhichGuignardmade hisrecordwasacementone,measuring alittleunder21lapstothemile.A featurewasthegreatradiusofthe curves,whichcouldhetakenatamile aminutewithoutanyeffort.The bankingissosteepthatriderscannot remainuprightonit,atlessthan16 or17milesperhour.Therecord,set uptyanEnglishman,Wills,thatGuignardsetouttobeatwas61milesLOT yards.Guignardhadtwiceprevious. lyheldthehourrecord.InApril, 1905,hecovered55miles1,520yards, andwhenthatwasbeatenbyrivalshe repliedwith59miles86yards,which stoodfortwoyears.

Guignardmadenosecretofhisintentiontoregaintherecord.Inneed hemadeoneunsuccessfulattempt,in whichhebeatthehalf-hourrecord, whenapuncturestoppedhim.

Thesuccessfulattemptwasmadeon September15,1909,andGuignardset offjustafternoonfromastanding start,andbythetimehishourwas upahugecrowdhadgatheredtocheer him,asthedistanceofthenewrecord -63miles255yards-wasposted. OneofthemostinterestingcomparisonswhichcanbemadebetweenCur. tis'20milesperhourin1882,andGuig- nard's63in1909,concernstherateof peddlingofthetworiders.Cortis'ordinarywasdirectlydriven-thatisto NORTHAM.

E.0.TRESISE, M.P.S.,S.A.andW.A. MANUFACTURINGAND DISPENSINGCHEMIST. ForServiceandQuality. Trl61Northam.

T.A.GRAHAM

WESTENDBAKERY FORBETTERBREAD ServiceandSatisfaction :54FITZGERALDSTREET. NORTHAM.

sayitwasgearedto60in.Guignard's travelledmorethanthreetimesasfast asCortis,buthisgearwasnotthree timesashigh.

Immediatelyaftertheaccountof thisperformancewaspublished,strongly-worded"letterstotheEditor"were theorderoftheday.Twoexperiencedcyclistsridiculedthemerepossibilityofaman'sriding63milesin60 minutes.Neverthelessitisafactand ontherecordbooksto-daywefind this:"Onehour,76miles803yards,L. Vandersloyft,1928,France.Motorpaced(unrestricted)."

NAMES.

Therearesomeoddly-namedprofessionalsinAmerica.InarecenttournamentDennyChampagneandChet Beerwerepartners.Thentherewas anArthurEastwhohadaspartner JimmyWest.

BILLIARDS.

DuringlastweekWalterLindrum madeaworld'srecordbyscoring100in 46seconds.Therehasneverbeen anyonetoequalthepresentworld's champion,andprobablynoneever will.

Incidentallyhereisaforecastthat cametrue.Itreferstothepresent world'schampion,andwasmadewhen Walterwas17yearsofage.Thepro- phetwasCharlesMemmott,achampion ofhisdayinEngland.Hewrote:"I haveseenalltheworld'sgreatestcueists.NotonlyhaveIseenthem,but Ithehaveplayedagainstthem,including AmericanIves,JohnRoberts,and H.W.Stevenson,butmayIneverlive tohandleacueagainifthisyoungster, WalterLindrum,isnotthemostpro- misingofthelot.Hewillmakea greaterstirintheworldofbilliards thandidthatwonderfulcue-wielder, GeorgeGray,andtomenothingseems morecertainthanthatWalterLindrum willbeforeverylongbeacclaimedas thegreatestplayerofalltime."

WalterLindrumwasborninKalgoorlie.

RACING

Saturday'smeetingwillbeatCanningPark.

See"TheHawk's"SelectionsforRacingandTrottingelsewhereinthisissue.

WiththeirtriptoRandwickforthe A.J.C.autumnmeetinginview,TranquilStarandScarletToididasplendidtrialoversixfurlongsthereverse wayrecently.Judgedontheway theyhandledtheturnswithfullpace on,Iwouldsaythatbothwillbe suitedbytheSydneywayofgallopingandiftheyretaintheirformthey shouldrunwellintheA.J.C.St.Leger andDoncasterHandicap,respectively. --'Norlen."

Yarallahasdoneparticularlywell sincehisshortholiday,andhewill stripincapitaltrimfortheFairfield HandicapatRandwickon!April5. Thisevent,forcoltsandgeldings,is runoversixfurlongs.Onthesame daythefillieswillraceoverasimilar distance.-"TheClubman." Baldasair,winneroftheAutumn SteepleatFlemingtonrecently,istohe senttoOakbank(SA'.)fortheGreat EasternSteeplechaseonEasterMonday.OnFlemingtonformIshould saythathewillgiveagoodaccount ofhimself.The31b.penaltywhich makeshisweight9.10shouldnottroublehim.Heisastayerandagreat jumper.--"Rapier."

Sydneybookmakersandmanyknowledgeablepuntersareconvincedthat HighCastehassuchastronggripon theDoncasterthatitisuselesslookingforanythingtobeathim.They basetheirargumentsontheassumptionthatHighCastewasentitledto 10.4intheDoncasterandthathegot inwith9.12.

WONGRANDNATIONAL. JamesScobie,oneofAustralia's greatesttrainers,whodiedrecently. wasalso,inhisyouth,anotedrider. Heachievedoneofhislifeambitions whenhewontheGrandNationalHurdleRaceforSirThomasFitzgeraldon Rhesus,inwhichhedefeatedLothair, whowastrainedbyBodHowie.Scobie had"schooled"Lothair,andhadexpectedtoridehimintheNational.He wasbitterlydisappointedwhenHowie informedhimthatheintendedtoput upamoreexperiencedrider,andone canreadilyunderstandhowpleased ScobiewaswhenhedefeatedLothair byhalfahead.

ThatwasScobie'sonlysuccessinthe GrandNationalHurdleRace.He wontheG.N.SteepleonRuby,andthe AustralianSteeplechasewithBlue Mountainafterthathorsehadbaulked

atajump.HealsorodeEuchreto victoryintheAustralianG.N.Steeple.

TROTTING

Therewillbeaseven-eventprogrammeatGloucesterParkonSaturday-. Hereistheprogrammewitha "both-ways"tipforeachrace: Breeders'Handicap:DiLammermuir.

FremantleHandicap:\VilverMint. Sportsmen'sHandicap:Brunette. PerthHandicap:LibyanLady. CharityHandicap:SilverEmblem. Patrons'Handicap:RoyalSheik. BenevolentHandicap:CountryBoy.

EASTERCARNIVAL.

Owingtothelargefieldenteredfor theEasterCup,the\V.A.T.A.hasdecidedtoconducttheraceunderconditionssimilartothoseofthelastW.A. TrottingCup. ConsequentlytheseasonwillcommenceonSaturday,April5,andthe finalnightwillbeonSaturday,April 19.

TheCup,whichwillberunonMonday,April14,isforapprovedhorses whohavewonatPerth,Fremantleor Kalgoorlie,handicapped2.20orbetter. ItistoberunindivisionsonApril5 and12anddivisionwinnersareelig- ibleforthefinal.Thedistanceisthe popularonemileandfivefurlongs,and thestakemoneyamountsto£2,200.

TheEasterHandicap,of£250,which willberunonthefinalnight,isfor horseswhostartinthecupdivisions. Thisracewillbeoveradistanceof twomilesandcompetitorsmustbe handicapped2.16andbetter.

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LivingwiththeChurch

CIALENDAR.

Sunday,March30:PassionSunday. Violet.Semi-double.3,Church orPope.Creed.Prefaceofthe Cross. TheMassofPassionSundayisfull ofthethoughtofthePassionofJesus andoftheinfidelityoftheJews,whose placeintheKingdomofGodwastaken bythosewhowerebaptised,thatis tosaybytheChristians.

Monday,March31:Feria.Violet. Simple.

Tuesday,April1:Feria.Violet.Simple. Wednesday,April2:St.Francisof Paula,Confessor.White.Double. 2,Feria.

St.FrancisofPaulafoundedthe OrderofMinims,whosenameshows thattheywishedtobeaccountedthe leastinthehouseholdofGod.

Thursday,April3.Feria.Violet.Simple.

Friday,April4:SevenDoloursof B.V.M.White.Double-Major.2, St.Isidore,Bishop,Confessorand DoctoroftheChurch.3,Feria. Tract:StabatMater.Creed.Pr,faceB.V.M. TheChurchcommemoratesbytwo feaststhemartyrdomsufferedbyOur LadyinunionwiththePassionofher Son.Thefirstfeastespeciallycommemorates"theCompassionofMary;" theother,keptonSeptember15,the devotionoftheSevenSorows. Saturday,April5:St.VincentFerrer, Confessor.White.Double. Sunday,April6:PalmSunday.Violet.Semi-double.

CATECHISM

PASSIONTIDE.

Q.Whatgreatchangetakesplacein theLentenliturgyatPassiontide?

A.Thecharacteroftheliturgyis whollychanged.Hithertothefaithful intheIntroit,Gradual,Tract,confessedtheirguiltbeforeGodandbuilt theirhopesofpardononHisloving kindness.InPassiontideitisthesufferingChristwhocriesoutwiththe PsalmisttoHisEternalFathertohelp HiminHisdirenecessity,forHisenemiesareencompassingHim.Hither

towewereexhortedtodopenancefor sin;nowwearebiddentosufferand mournwithChrist.

Q.Whatspecialliturgicalregulations aremadeforPassiontide?

A.Thecrucifixes,sacredpicturesand imagesarecoveredwithvioletcloth. The"Judica"psalmissuppressedwith the"GloriaPatri"inMassesofthe period. L properPrefaceisprescribed.

Q.Whyarethecrucifixes,etc.,veiled?

A.Theideawasprobablysuggested bythewords,"HehidHimself,"containedintheGospelofPassionSunday,oritmaybeasurvivalofthe customoncecommon-duringthe wholeofLent-todropacurtain(the so-calledHungercloth)infrontofthe altarbetweenthenaveandthechoir. Inanycasethecrucifixwascovered withaviewtotheGoodFridayceremonyofunveilingthecrucifix.The imageofChristishiddenfromour sightthatitmaybemoredeeplyimpressedonourhearts.

THOUGHTSFORTHEWEEK.

Sunday:Littlethingsmakeupthe sumofgoodorevilinlife.

Monday:SubmissiontoGod'sappointmentisbetterthansacrifice.

Tuesday:Alwayslookbelowthematerialsurfaceandtrytoreadspiritual lessonsineverynaturaleventandin everycreatedobject.

Wednesday:Inaccuracyintheuse.of wordsisasourceofevil.Forexam ple,martyrsaremadebythecause, 'notbythesuffering,asmenusually suppose;richesarespiritualthings,not metalsandacresofdirt.

Thursday:Forthehopeofthewickedisasdust,whichisblownaway withthewind,andasathinfroth whichisdispensedbythestorm,and asmokethatisscatteredabroadby thewind.

Friday:Faithfulnessinsmallresolutionsmakesonestronginthecrisis ofagreattemptation.

Saturday:SendforthThylightand Thytruth:theyhaveconductedme andbroughtmeuntoThyholyhilland intoThytabernacles.

LentenRegulationsfor1941

SUMMARYOFTHEREGULATIONSFORFASTAND ABSTINENCE.

1.OnFASTdays,thoseboundtofastareallowedone fullmealatmid-dayorintheevening.Inaddition,theyare allowedtwolightmeals-oneofabouteightounces,andthe otheroftwoorthreeounces.Anykindoffood,andhence evenfleshmeat,maybeusedatallthreemealsprovided,at thetwosmallmeals,thelimitofeightandtwoorthree ouncesrespectivelybenotexceeded.

2.OnABSTINENCEdays,fleshmeatandmeatsoupare forbidden.

3.Lardanddrippingmaybeusedonclaysofabstinence, providedtheybeusedmerelyasacondimentorseasoning.

4.Friday,unlessitbeaHolidayofObligation,isaday ofabstinence.

5.AshWednesdayandtheFridaysinLentandEmber weeksaredaysoffastandabstinence.

6.Mondays,Tuesdays,Wednesdays,ThursdaysandSaturdaysinLent,andtheWednesdaysandSaturdaysinQuarterTensearedaysoffastwithoutabstinence.

7.ThereisnofastorabstinenceonSundaysorHolidays ofobligation.

8.St.Patrick'sDayisexemptfromfast;ifitfallsona Friday,itisnotexemptfromtheabstinence.

9.Thosewhohavecompletedtheirseventhyearare boundbythelawofabstinence.

10.Thosewhohavecompletedtheirtwenty-firstyearare boundbythelawoffasting;theyceasetobeboundbyitwhen theyhavebeguntheirsixtiethyear.

11.Thosewhoareindelicatehealth,orwhoareengaged inexhaustingwork,arenotboundtofast.Ofcourse,those whoareseriouslyillarenotboundbyeitherfastorabstinence.

12.OnthedaysmentionedinNo.6,thosewhoarenotbound tofastarenotlimitedbythelaweitherastothequalityor quantityofthefoodtheywishtotake.

13.TheLentenFastandAbstinenceceaseatnoonon HolySaturday. Archbishop

TheBushies'Corner

DearCornerites,-

Alreadythreemonthshavepassed sincethe1941Appealwasstartedon itsway,andthoughwemadeavery promisingstartpiopresshasnotbeen maintained.TII;F,isveryunfortun,t,, fornowattheendofthefirstquarter oftheyearwhenweshouldhave£25 inhand,wehaveonly£12.Iam rathersurprisedth,,tinterestmthe LemonadeBottleandtheBushies' Causehasslumpedinrecentweeks,especiallyduringtheholyseasonof Lentwhenthe shouldreapthe benefitofyourgterificesduringthe penintentialseason.TheBushies' Schemeisthefoundationrockon whichmanysoulstakeafirmfooting intheFaith,forwithoutthematerial andspiritualhelpitgivesagoodmany outbackchildrenwouldnothavethe Faithortheproperknowledgeofit. Thatiswhyitissoimportanttohave yourhelpnow.Inthepastyearthe Corneriteshaveworkedsogenerously fortheCauseandIamsuretheywill notallowtheirinteresttowanenow despiteothercallsontheirgenerosity. DoremembertheBushiesregularly andsendalongasmalldonationevery monthorso,inorderthatthe£100will bearealityattheendofthisyear.If youcannotaffordadonationyourself writeinforaprickcard,andyoucan thencollectpenniesfromyourfriends. Eachprickcardallowsyoutocollect thesumof2/6andthisshouldbeno difficultmatterwhentheamountisso smallforeachcontribution.Writein nowanddoyourshareofworkinhelpingalongtheBushies'Cause.

AUNTBESSY.

COMPETITION.

Prizeswillbeawardedforthebest lettersreceivedduringthemonthof April.Therewillbetwosections,and aprizeforthewinnerineach.The firstwillbeforCorneriteseightyears ofageandunder,andthesecondfor thoseovernineandunder12years. Thewinnerswillbeannouncedonthis pageonMay1. Attachthisslipto yourentryandsendinyourletters now.Youmayhaveachanceofwinningthebestlettercompetition,and don'tforgettowriteyourageatthe bottomoftheletter.Sandywillbe thejudgeandhisdecisionwillbefinal.

Mt.Lawley.

DearAuntBessy,-Iwouldvery muchliketojoinyourCornerandhelp theBushies.MothersaidIcouldask foraprickcardandshewillhelpme tofillit.DadgavemesixpenceyesterdayandIshallputsixprickson thecardassoonasIgetit.Wewent foradriveupthehillsyesterday,and itwassoniceupthere,Ilovethebig trees.WewenttoNationalPark,but iswasn'thotenoughtogoswimming inthepool.Howeverweshallbe goingagaininthehotweatherandI shallgointhen.

BRIANLEAHY.

DearBrian,-Anylittleboywhois willingtohelptheCornerisdoubly welcomedasaCornerite.Motheris verygoodtohelpyou,butIhopeyou toowillsavesomeofyourpenniesfor thepricks.Itwasalovelydayfor adrive,buttheweatherisgettingjust aweebitcoldforswimming.StillI hopeyouwillhaveplentyofopportunitytogoswimmingbeforethewinter comesin.

AUNTBESSY.

NeverNever.

DearAuntBessy,-Ihavenever wnttentoyoubefore,butIhopeyou willletmejoinyourCorner.Ilive toofarawayfromschooltogoevery dayandIreceivemylessonsbycorrespondence. Akindladysendsus "TheRecord"everyweekandwelook forwardtoreceivingitverymuch.I amsavingsomestampsforyouandI collectsomefromfriendswhenIwrite tothem.

JOHNANDREWS.

DearJohn,-Itmustbeverylonely foryouwhenyoulivesofaraway fromtown,andIamsureyoumust missyourfriends.Iamverygladthat someonesendsyou'TheRecord"regularlyandthatyouappreciateitso much.Youarecertainlyaverygood littleboytocollectstampsfortheCornerandIshalllookforwardtoreceivingthemwhenyouhavecollected enough.

AUNTBESSY.

STAMPS.

Usedstampsmaybesentinto theCorner.Thesearesoldandthe moneygoesintotheLemonade Bottleandhelpstowardsthetotal attheendoftheyear.IfyoucannothelptheCornerinanyother waysendalongsmalldonationsof stampsasfrequentlyasyoucan.

DearAuntBessy,-Iamgoingaway toBrisbanetolive,andIthoughtI wouldwriteyouafarewellletter.We aregoingattheendofthemonthand wearebusygettingready.Iam goingtotheChristianBrothersover thereandmysisterisgoingtotheSistersofMercy.Don'tyouthinkwe areverylucky?ButeventhoughI shallnotbeheretohelpyouanymore Ishallalwaysprayforthesuccessor theBushies'LemonadeBottle,andI hopeyouwillgetthe£100thisyear withoutverymuchtrouble.Mother isgoingtosendyousomethingforthe Bottlebeforeshegoesaway.

JIMWALKER.

DearJim,-Youcertainlyareavery luckyboytobegoingtoanotherState, foritmeansyouhavealreadybegun totravel.Ihopeyouwillgetonwell overthere.Itisaveryprettyplace butveryhot,especiallyinsummer. However,Idon'tsupposeyouwill mindthatmuch,foryouwillbeable togoswimmingatthebeaches,and therearebeautifulbeachestherejust thesameastherearehere.Ishall certainlymissyourhelpintheCorner, butIknowyouwillalwaysprayfor thesuccessoftheScheme.Idohope theotherCorneriteswillcomefbrward andhelpme,astheLemonadeBottle isingravedangerofrunningdryat themoment.

AUNTBESSY, * *

DearAuntBessy,-Iwenttothe Zooyesterday,andintheafternoon sawTeddy'safternoonteaparty.His keepertookhimforawalkfirstand thenhepickedhimupandtookhim roundinsidetheenclosure.Hewas averyfriendlyfellowforachimpanzee andIshookhandswithhimwhenhe cameuptome.Whenhegotintohis bigcageheboxedwiththekeeperand thensatdownonhischairatthelittle table.Thekeeperopenedatinof milk,andashepoureditintothemug ofwaterTeddyputhishandintothe milkandgotahandfulofcondensed milkwhichhelickedoff,andthen wipedhisfaceandhandsinthekeeper'shandkerchief.Hehadagreat timeeatingthebananasandtheapple anddrinkingthemilkwhichhepoured outhimself.Afterthathewentfor'a rideonhislittlebicycleandthekeeper rodewithhimonce.Teddyjumped offinfrontofthebikeandgotoneof histoesrunover.

HARRYJONES.

DearHarry,-Teddyiscertainlya veryplayfulmonkeyandcandoquite alotoftricks.Isupposeyouwould liketoseehimagain,foreveryone wantstooncetheyhaveseenhim.I knowonelittleboywhowantedto takeTeddyhomeasapet,butthe keeperwouldn'tpartwithhim.

(AUNTBESSY.

CARDBOARDBRIGADE. Theformationofthe1941Brigadehasnowbeenbegunandthe Cornerwouldwelcomehardened warriorsorrawrecruitsonapplicationtoHeadquarters.Theywill beacceptedonthestrengthof theirenthusiasmfortheCauseof theBushiesandontheirwillingnesstohuntdownthenecessary thirtypenniesthatwillmaketheir collectingcardeffectiveforthe captureofthe1941objective.A nom-de-plumemaybeusedforletterstotheCorner,butallapplicationsforcardsmustbeaccompaniedbyfullnameandaddress.

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THECATCHWORDOFACADEMICFREEDOM

Stingingcommentonthebroodof reformersoftheuniversethatthewar haswashedupontheshoresoflAmericeismadebyH.J.Edwards,inthe Februaryissueof"Columbia,"New York.

ASSERTINGthat"weliveina boom-timeforwitch-doctorsand glibformulae,"Mr.Edwardcalls "academicfreedom"the"latestand leastdefensible"ofcatch-words.He pointstothefactthatPresidentNicholasMurrayButler,PresidentofColumbiaUniversity,announcedaruling fortheconductofhisfacultyinwartime,andwasatoncedenouncedby "theprofessionalviewerswithalarm, theprofessionalfuglemenoftheTeachers'Union."

"Thefuglemen,"hesays,"takeit forgrantedthatthepublicwillrecognisearedlightinthatterm,academic freedom,justastheywouldinasimilarassertionof'freedomofspeech,'or 'libertyofthepress.'Thereisno publicdemandforclarificationorexplanation.Thepublicwouldnotdream ofdemandingadefinitionofacademic freedom,for'abracadabra'hasbeen said,andallobjectionsliquidated."

"Ifweconsideracademicfreedom tomeantherightofuniversityfacultiestopreservetheirownintellectual integritiesandtoholdtotheirown opinions,regardlessofgroupopinions, wellandgood,"thearticlestates.But, itadds,"whenafacultymemberuses hisclassroomasalittleBethel,or soundsoffatsomepublichatefestival, hecommitshiscollegeoruniversityto hisstatement;rightlyorwrongly,the publicassociatestheinstitutionwith theindividual,andinmostcasesthe individualisonlytooconsciousofthis andactsdeliberately."

Theauthordeclaresthat"faculty membersareinhibitedinthefreedom ofexpressionoftheirideasbyanunderstanding,tacitorstated,inthe termsoftheiremployment."

"Now,ifyouemployamantosing hymns,"hepointsout,"andhepersistsinsingingribaldcatches,thereis

noreasonunderheavenwhyyou shouldbeforcedtoputupwithhim."

"Whatspecialauthorityforlicense ofopinionclothessuchexhibitsas Princeton'sdecayingEinstein,whowill giveyouafiatonanythingfromExegesistosnookerpool?"thewriter asks;"ortothatturbulentbrood, nursedinthebosomofTeachers'College,ColumbiaUniversity,whoriseup withsuspiciousunanimitywhenever thereisachancetoattackCatholicism,or,forthatmatter,theentire Christiandispensation.

"Or,again','thatmiscellaneouslot washeduponourshoresandsnugly lodgedinourcollegesanduniversities whohaveverylittlebutthefactthat Hitlerdisposedofthemtorecommend them:FritzKarsen,formerlyofthe KarlMarxSchoolinBerlin,whois presentlypontificatingatCityCollege, NewYorkCity,foroneinstance.Herr Karsen,afterabriefinterludeinParis underthepatronageofLeonBlum,is nowgivenalargeropportunityinour ownfaircityofNewYork,wherehe m,--hastenthedemoralisationprocess inpubliceducation.

"Thesearethemenandwomenwho demandforthemselvestheprivilegeof speechwithoutletorhindranceand thefinancialsupportofallofuswhile theygratifythemselves."

STURMERandSON (LateHallion's),

t 4 F De

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HolyWeekBooks

PELLEGRINIEDITION.

ContainingacompactandcompleteguidetotheceremoniesofHoly Week.

CompiledfromtheRomanMissalandtheBreviaryandcontainingthe HolyMassforeachmorningandtheOfficeforeachevening,together withexplanationsoftheceremonies.

No.1568/329:

Pellesgrini&To.pg.pb, 776HAYSTREET,PERTH (oppositeFoyandGibson).

WEREYOUONEOFTHELUCKYONESTHISTIME

WATSON&CO.

AustraliaandAmerica

(ContinuedfromFrontCover./ State.TheAmericanwashostileto totalitarianismofanykind,anditwas inthatthatAustralianshadsomuch incommonwiththem.Theyalsohad theChristiansenseofcommunitydevelopedtoalargedegree:theybelievednotonlyinpersonalfreedom,but alsoinpersonalresponsibilityandservice.

CommonIdeals.

Sincetheyrecognisedthenecessity foracommonunderstandingbetween thetwopeoples,letthemrecognise alsothatthebeginningsofthatunderstandingshouldcomethroughtheir commonidealsofsocial,culturaland religiouslife.Torecognisethatwas agreatstep,andafterthatrecognition theycouldproceedtodealwithpracticalproblems-commontradeinterests,commonconcerninthePacific, thematerialadvantagesofacommon policy.

Inallthistheyshouldmakeitclear thatAmericahadsomethingtogain fromacloserco-operationwithAustralia.Therewasnoneedforthemto approachtheUnitedStatesassuppliants.Australiahadagreatrecord ofachievement;inthepresentwar theyweredoingmorethansupplying thebestsoldiersintheforces;they werearmingandequippingthem,and puttingintooperationagreatwork ofproduction.Theyhadmuchto giveAmerica,whocouldlearnfrom Australiainthematter,forexample,of industriallegislation.Allthatwas neededwashonestendeavourtounderstandtheirneighbour,andacandid approach,inordertoworktowards thatcloseco-operationwithAmerica thatwas,hewasconvinced,theonly realbasisforapost-warorder.

Theywerebothworkingforacommongoal.Itwouldbefareasierto reachitwhentheywerestridingpropressivelytogether.

DenmarkMadeaSuccess theSmall

DANISHagriculturalprogressmust inagreatmeasurebeattributedtothemannerinwhichthe medium-sizedsmallfarmwasevolved tobecomethetypicalholding,around whichdevelopedthatconstructive thoughtandactionsoexpressivelyde. monstratedintheremarkableproductiveachievementsofwhichtheworld iswellaware.

Ofthetotalholdings52percent.are under25acres,46percent.arebetween 25and125acres,and2p.c.areabove 125acres.

Themiddlegroupistheallimportantone.Theholdingsinthisgroup have68p.c.ofthecultivatedarea, whilethoseunder75acreshave16.5 p,c., thoseover125acreshave15.5

BigEstatesBanned.

Awaybackintheseventeenthand eighteenthcenturiescarefullyconceivedlegislationsponsoredbysucceeding despoticmonarchs,curbedthedesires ofthelandlordclassbydeclaring: "Thatnovillagesorpeasantfarmsbe laidwastefortheimprovementofthe manor."

Theselawswererigidlyenforcedand atthesametimevoluntaryconsolidationofholdingswasforbidden,asalso wassub-division.ThusdidthosefarseeingDanishKingslaythefoundationfortheevolutionofthosesmall medium-sizedeconomicfarmswhich havegivensuchstabilitytoherwhole lifeandtothecharacterandoutlook ofherpeople.Nodoubtthefactthat Denmarkwasasparselypopulated countryattheperiodwhenthesereformswereinitiatedgreatlysimplified theproblemandagainitwasfortun-

JapaneseAttitudeto MissionariesChanges

THEheroismoftheCatholicmissionariesinChinaduringthe pastfewyearshaswonthem theadmirationandrespectbothof theChineseandoftheJapanesearmies. Wheneveryoneelse,evenpublicservants,fledfromattackedcities,the Catholicpriestsstayedattheirposts andopenedtheirmissionstocrowds ofrefugees.

ThiswasstatedbytheVatican Radio,whichsaidthatwhatmost strucktheJapanesewasthatthemissionariesdidnotconfinetheircharity totheirownflocksbutacceptedand helpedallwhocametothem.The ideathattheJapanesehadofthemissionaryasaservantofhiscountryof

originhas,asaresult,disappeared,at leastwithregardtotheCatholicmissionaries.

Manyprejudiceshavethusbeen brokendown.Everywherethereisa spiritualawakeningandaneworientationtowardstheChurch,whichis particularlynoticeableamongthe higherclassesinChina.

TheChurchinChina,concludedthe commentator,isproudofitsmartyrs, thoughitsorrowsforthelossofworkersatatimewhennoreinforcements arecomingfromEurope.However, theincreasednumberofnativeChin. eseintheseminariesisprovidingfar morenativeprieststhantherehave beenuptothepresent.

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Farm ofProtestAgainst Seizureof JesuitCollege

atetheyweresucceededbythreedecadesofrisingprices,whichenabled thenewlyemancipatedtenantstofind theirfeetandestablishthemselves.

GrowingArmyofWorkers.

In1834about57.5p.c.ofthetotal populationwereengagedinagriculture, butthisproportionhadfallento34 p.c.in1931.Yettheactualnumber ofworkersonthelandhadduringall thisperiodincreasedandin1911there were79p.c.morepeopleengagedin agriculturethanin1870.Inthe1934 censusthenumberswhollyorpartly employedinagriculturewere500m00.

Thecapitalandcreditpositionforms averyinterestingandimportantchapterinDanishagriculture.TheseDanishfarmerswereindeedfortunate.They hadnottodealwiththehighpriests ofFinancialInstitutionsormuchof theirprogressivelyincreasingoutput anddevelopmentcouldneverhave beenrecorded.

ThetotalinvestedinDanishagriculturein1937wasreckonedtobe £250,000,000.Ofthisgreatcapital sum£200,000,000wasborrowedmoney onwhichtheannualchargeforinterest andliquidationofcapitalamountedto £10,000,000perannum.Thisrepresent. edachargsof25s.peracre.

NationalInvestment.

Averyhighproportionofthecapital investedinagriculturecame,notfrom theindustryitself,butfromoutside. Itwasmadeavailableforthepurchase ofthefarmswhenthetenantsbecame theownersoriginally.Itwasutilised foreverytypeofgo-aheadproductive effortlikeimprovementinhousing, stocking,fertilisingandmechanising.It waspossibletoborrowthroughthe largeCreditAssociationsandMortgageCorporationstorepaythecapital inaperiodofsixtyyears.Shortterm creditwasgenerallyobtainablefrom theSavingsBanksortheCo-operative Banks,andtheseinstitutionscarry aboutone-fifthofthetotalindebtedness. Whateverthefinancialexpertsmay thinkaboutthewisdomoffullycapitalisedagriculturalindustry,the Daneshadcertainlynodoubtaboutit. Thereyouhadthenation'ssavings beingre-investedintheirownagriculture,creatingamorediffuseifindirectownership,andwideningveryconsiderablythecircleofthosewhowere directlyconcernedintheindustry's continuedeconomicandfinancialprogress.

Itis,ofcourse,obviousthatthese heavydebtchargeswereboundto createveryconsiderabledifficultiesfor theborrowers,incommonwithborrowerseverywhere,withtheworld dropincommoditypricesaroundthe 1929-31period.Unlikethestatesmen inotherlands,theDanishlegislators werenotcontenttositwithfolded handsdeclaringtheirinabilitytodo anythinginthecircumstances.

StateWaronDebt.

In1931an!Actwaspassedwhich made£2,300,000availableforthepaymentofinterest,rates,andproperty taxesbythemostheavilyindebted farmerswhocouldnotmeetthesepaymentsoutoftheirownresources.

SincethentherewereintroducedseveralDebtAdjustmentActs,andfinally, in1936,aftereffortstoreducetheinterestrateshadfailed,theStatestartedaschemeofdebtrationalisation loansforfarmswherethetotaldebt wasmorethan110percent.oftheassessmentvalue.

Existingcreditorswerepaidoff.The Statebecamethecreditorandonlyrequired1percent.interestforthefirst twoyearsunderaschemebywhich £4imillionswereadvancedtorelieve embarrassedcultivators.Afterthe firsttwoyearstherateofinterestwas tofluctuateaccordingtoanindexof theprofitablenessofagriculture.Repaymentoftheprincipalwastocommenceattherateof2percent.in1942.

ThusdotheDanishstatesmenrehabilitatetheirbrokenfarmerswho werethevictimsoftheworldmoney changers.

Perhapsevennowtheirexample wouldnotbelostuponus.-"Standard."

COLOMBIANORATOR'SFINE TRIBUTETOSOCIETY.

PROTESTSbyconservativemembersoftheSenateandChamberagainsttheseizurebythe ColombianGovernmentoftheJesuit ColegiodeSanBartolomehavebeen placedintheCongressionalRecord.

Theprotestof18Senatorsreads:

"We,theundersignedSenators,wish toexpressintherecordofto-day's sessiontheconstancyofournonconformitywith,andprotestagainst,the spoliationsufferedbythemeritorious SocietyofJesusintheclosingofthe gloriouscloisterofSanBartolome,by virtueoftheunconstitutionaldispositionsofaniniquitouslaw,expedited inasecretsessionoftheSenatein1937.

"WeconsiderthatNovember25, 1990,isamournfuldayfornational culture,sinceonthatdayan_attack hasbeenmadeonthetraditionand patrimonyofanirreplaceableeducationalcentrewhichhastrainedgenera- tionsofColombians,andwhichhas beentheprideofwisdomandvirtue."

Deputies'Protest,

Asimilarprotest,signedby28depu- ties,deploreswhatiscalledanunjust slurupontheeducationalactivitiesof theJesuitsofSanBartolomefor"more thanthreecenturies."

Beforeanaudiencecomposedofprominenteducators,journalists,jurists, physicians,priests,andmenandwomenwhoareleadersinvariousfields ofaction,theeminentColombianorator,SilvioVellegas,saidthatthe'visageofourcountryisveiledbecausethe newbarbarityhasprofanedthissanctuaryofscienceandnationalprogress."

"Throughthecenturies,"headded, "theSocietyofJesushasbeentheinextinguishabletorchofthemind,the armedphilosophyoftheChurch."St. IgnatiusofLoyola,hesaid,withma "standardoftheHolyGhost.'hasconqueredmorelandsthan"alltheconquistadoresofallthecenturieswith theirbannersofservitude!'Boththe workoftheJesuitsinAmericaandthe effectsofthatworkareinestimable, SenorVellegassaidasheremindedhis audiencethat"incolonialtimesthe Jesuitsfoundedmorethan300universitieswhichremainto-daytheproud- estbeaconsoflearning."

ThehistoryofColombiais"izkissolablyboundup"withthatofthe ChurchandthefollowersofSt.Ignatius,SenorVellegascontinued,citingthepartplayedbyJesuitsindiscoveryandcolonisation."Ourrevolutionforindependence,"headded,"accordingtothesageconclusionsof MariusAndre,wasaclerical,orbetter yet,aJesuitreaction.Expelledfrom theSpanishdominionsofCharlesIII, theybecamethepaladinsofworldliberty. TheRepublicofColombia hasneverhadmoreloyalservitors.The ColegiodeSanBartolomehasbeenthe colossalsmithyinwhichwereforged thesoulsofthescholars,statesmen, martyrs,andsaintswhofoundedthe Republicandhavepreservedit.Its workissoentrenchedinthecountry thatifweweretoeffaceitsname,it wouldbetheequivalentofsuppressing fourcenturiesofnationalhistory."

Whenevernationsaredeprivedof religiouseducation,thespeakeremphasised,theyreverttobarbarityand man,ceasingtobeacreatureofGod, isconvertedintothat'lewdandferociousgorilla'thatstigmatisednineteenthcenturyphilosophy."

TheclosingoftheColegiodeSan Bartolome,SenorVellegescharged,is ashypocriticalasitisperfidious,since "theChiefExecutivewhostimulated andconsummatedtheattack,whenhe wasinEuropeandcouldchoosefreely aneducationalinstitutionforhissons, didnotselecteitherasecularora Protestantcollege,butoneconducted bytheSocietyofJesus."Thelegislatorswhopermittedthisact,headded, areoutofstepwiththetimes,for"the presentcrisisofcivilisationismore thananythingelseacrisisofthe spirit,"and"onlyintheCatholicsense canpeace,libertyandjusticeberestoredtotheworld."