The Record Newspaper 04 July 1940

The captain saw a young soldier trying to cook his breakfast over a badly made fire He showedhim how to make a quick-cooking tire, nd said: Look at the time you are wasting When I was in the Himalayas I often had to hunt my breakfast I used to go about two miles into the jungle, hoot my food, skin or pluck it, then cook and eat it, and return t mp under half an hour" Thon h unwisely added: "Of course. y u will have heard of the Himalayas?"

'Yes, sir" replied the soldier "and also of Ananias and George Washington"

In the canteen a singsong'' was in progress and volunteer artists were alled for Up jumped a brawny Scot, and the ockney in charge of proceedings askI for the name of his song

Wae's me fr Prince Charlie' replid the candidate hoarsely

The Cockney ratched his head and hen made a bold shot at it

"Private McDougall will n ing, Where's me fourpence, Charli?' "

# i I wonder if I could borrow your :art-sweeper, Mrs Smith?"

I'm sorry but he jined up last

" # #e kt ome on leave narrow street when p :ed them

You c own hre nappul tret.'

The ar began to own a 'Not barked th the l hand tur

The npletely

• can we turned t hi fr aid:

Well, t d we do now, John Suttl hor' came the prompt 1

t t # #

Mr Henp k, standing in the witness-

x in a sorely battered state was ing crot ·xmined by a bullying ounsel

Do you mean to tell me that you ve al 's treated your wife with rect?" ked counsel

Alway" replied Henpeck firmly 'And uve never once spoken a ha.tv word to her?"

Mr Henpeck hesitated for a moment and the barrister wa quick to ize h opportunity

Be careful how you answer'' he ared. "I want the truth!''

Well, faltered Henpeck at last, "I remember I did nce say to her Put <down that poker"

• � * *

Two men, trangers to each other were seated in a railway compartment

Presently one looked at·the other for a few minutes, then cried in dismay 'I' dreaded this all my life! I always knew my hearing wasn't good, butI never expected to go stone deaf.''

"What's the trouble?" asked the other

'Well ou've been peaking to me for some timeand I haven'theard one word."

Speaking t you? I'm not-I'm iust chewing gum" #e

The doctor whose medical skill far exceeded the clarity of his handwriting sent an invitation to a patient to spend an evening with him, adding that there would be music, cards, and so forth

The friend failed to turn up and sent no explanation When they met the following day the doctor asked whether he had received the note "Yes. thank you,'replied the other ' took it to the chemist and had it ade up, and I feel much better already-"

\ couple of colonels were chattingin the bar after the reunion dinner bai one: ''Hows Hemmingway of the Utn Foot getting on?"

Oh he's getting on fine ' And Cartwright, of the 25th?"

Oh, he's very well."

By the way, hows your sister?' Oh, she's gone off to Blackpool with gout." Good gad, man not Gout of the 17th?"

# k

A newspaper reporter approached an official of the Ministry of Information and inquired whether British troops had gone into action I'm sorry, I cannot say"replied the official Well, they're in position, aren't they?" pressed the reporter "I'm sorry, I cannot say" I, a statement likely to be made n?"

Im sorry, I cannot say" he reporter gave it up Just ashe s ab ut to leave the room, the other led him back Don't quote me,''he requested k

Taking off his cap politely as he ent th office the mesenger handed over the noe Thot' all right, my boy,' said the recipient Just run back andtell Mr Jones thot--"

Sorry, sir, replied the lad My us not to go back till money you owe him!' i e debtor "I wonder ognise you with a beard?

Two little girls were discussing a fancy-dress dance Im going as Joan oi Are, Maid of Orleans " said one •That s funny,''replied her companion, My brother's going as Noah's ark, m le of rdboard'

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Oh, yes, d r!" she replied A bonnet and vou hould have seen the rwd it drew!" A bonnet?" h exclaimed in surpris 'What sort of bonnet was it? 'Our car's!" she responded sadly # k #

The Colonel over the telephone or dered that one of the unit cars should be vent round to him at once

Sorry, sir,' replied the non-commis° sioned officer; "the Major is out in the Vauxh II, the Adjutant has the Bent • the Medical Officer the Austin and th Quartermaster ha borrowed your bicycle."

The air changedfromfair to warmer and when the Colonel recovered his breath, he shouted, Findmy batman, nd if he's not weaing my boots, Ill walk!"

st k k t

A soldier was leaving hospital to rejoin his unit He had been very ill, but the skill of the doctors, good nursng, and the kindly matron had pulled him through

As he was leaving he tried to thank the matron 'I-erI just wanted to say how much" He coughed nervously. "Yes, I-you don't know how much Feeling his courage going he braced himself for a great effort 'f wanted to er tell you " Then in desperation: ''Lumme! If ver there was a fallen angel, you're one'

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Thursday, July 4, 1940.

The

Sources

of Revelation

B.A.C, South Strathfield, N,S W:

The only words of Christ extant are found in the Bible. Tradition, or oral apostolicity, has therefore handed down no additional word of Christ

The only words of Christ which were recorded in writing are to be found in the Bible And only a small portion of what Christ actually said is there recorded The Bible itself says that it does not record all the sayings and doings of Christ Therefore,your con celusion that Apostolic Tradition can rive us no further knowledge of the teaching of Christ does not follow Tradition is not to be confused with legends and old wives' tales It does not mean teaching transmitted merely by word of mouth It means the ensemble of those revealed truths not contained in Sacred Scripture, committed to the Church at the beginning and transmitted from age to age by the living, teaching Authority instituted by Christ Tradition is contained in the writings of the Fathers of the Church, the definitions of Councils of the Church, the Liturgy of the Church the belief of Catholics through all ages # # The Value of Tradition

What outside information, if any, is allowed to have equal weight with the canons?

Every revealed truth not contained in Scripture is equal in value to that ontained in Scripture The doctrine that the Four G spel and other New Testament documents are the inspired Word of God is an instance in point It is al .rm Trdition that we know what Books constitute the inspired Bible

There is no law which could make of Revelation the last book or of the Bible the last word, which did not preclude outside sources from Christian theological cogitation

That would be true f the Bible were the only Source of Divine Revelation, for in this case there culd be no Divne Revel tion utide the Bible But the Bible is not the only source of Revelation, for Revelation i contained in Apostolic Traditin as well It is from the Divine Revelation contained in postolic Tradition that the Church makes known to us what Books constitute the Bibl and declares that the Book of Rev lation: (the Apocalypse) is the last Book f the inspired Bible

The Revelation which Christ gave to the world, and committed to His Apostles closed with the death of the last Apostle, not with the writing of the last Book of the Bible k k Finding the True Church

Is there any proof of one only authoritative religious body, clearer than the indication that none was intended by the insuperable difficulty of isolating it?

Ther» is ampl historical proof that Christ founded ne authoritative hurch to teach His doctrine to all men until the end of the world That proof is contained in the historical records of the New Testament There 1s, moreover, ample historical proof that the Church founded by Christ is the Catholic Church Christ founded His Church upon the rock foundation of Peter a foundation which must enlure as long as the Church itself. St Peter became the first Pope and Bishop f Rome, and his authority has been handed down in unbroken succession to Pope Pius XII Whence it follows that any Church which i not in com munion with the See of Rome is not the Church founded by Christ. More° over Christ endowed Hi Church with certain characteristics by which men would be able to re :nis it as Hisa point to which we shall return presently,

Finally Christ founded an infallible Church. From which fact it follows that a Church which does not at least claim to be infallible. cannot be the Church founded by Christ Alone of the Christian bodies in the world today the Catholic Church claims to be infallible.

k k k The_Rock_and_the_Keys

Does the text, Matt. xvi., 1319, confer on some authority sole exegetical rights over all other texts?

The text contains Our Lord's pro muse to St Peter that He would make Him the foundation stone of His Church, and give him full legislative, 1udicial and executive power within His Church The powers which Our Lord here promised to St Peter He conferred upon him after the Resurrect1on, as St John records in chapter xxi, of his Gospel

The promise of Our Lord that His 'hurch would be infallible in teaching Iis doctrine and law is contained in His declaration that the "Gates of Hell would not prevail against His Church" and that He would be with His Church

all days until the consummation of the world (Matt. xvi, 18; xxviii, 20)

Included in the commission given to His Church by Christ is the right and power to give authentic interpretation to scriptural texts

k k k

Matthew xvi,, 18-19, is a pertinent text

The verses record Our Lord's word to St, Peter: "And I say to thee: Thou

Valid Orders must be found in the true Church But we do not attempt to prove the truth of the Catholic Church from the validity of Catholic Orders We prove the validity of Catholic Or ders from the teaching of the Catholic Church We prove that the Catholic Church is the True Church by showing that, alone of all the Christian bodies, it possesses those distinguishing characteristics with which Christ endowed His Church, to enable men to recognise it as His

Relative numbers are equally inconclusive Donatists for a time form-

accept the full teaching and law of Christ, partake of the sacraments and assist at the Sacrifice which He instituted, united under the one teaching and governing authority founded by Christ Himself

Your idea of the Church is true as far as it goes, but it falls far short of the reality founded by Christ

That is the only Church which is perfectly designed against any let up Christ Our Lord did not think so He founded a Church vastly different from what you imagine the Church should be; He guaranteed that His

RA.I@IC RELES

art Peter; and upon this rock I will build My Church and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it And I will give to thee the keys of the Kingdom of Heaven And whatsoever thou shalt bind upon earth, it shall be bound also in Heaven; and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth, it shall be loosed also in Heaven"

t it k

The Church and the "Churches"

Do you consider these verses clear enough to allow the varying sects or ambiguous enough to excuse the varying sects?

The words clearly and definitely peak of one indefectible Church, and of one only which Our Lord was about t found upon Peter as upon a rock foundation Therefore they exclude the varying sects; a conclusion which is amply confirmed by comparison with other pronouncements made by Our Lord about His Church

Do you consider the dignitaries of other persuasions stiff-necked in their pride, or dwarfed in their intelligence?

There is a third possibility which you seem to have overlooked: I consider them mistaken n their views Is a Bible text so ambiguous that it requires God's special grace to make it clear?

Not all the texts of the Bible are ambiguous, for there are numerous text: whose meaning is self-evident God hs provided for the authentic interpretation of ambiguous texts by giving us in His Church an infallible teachn authoritv # k

The Marks of the Church

What are the tests of authority?

The tests of authority, in this particuar matter, are the credentials of a body claiming to teach in the name of Christ

To be acceptable, these credentials must prove that the body in question was founded by Christ, and that it possesses all the distinguishing characteristics with which Christ endowed His hurch Christ founded a church which would be found in every age until the end of the world and whih, therefore, must be in the world to-dav Historially the Catholic Church is the only Church which goes back to the time of Christ Christ founded a Church which would be infallible and indefectible The Catholic Church is the only Christian body which so much as claims to be infallible Christ wished His Church to be one with unity of belief, worship and government, For He appointed one gov ernment to His Church; commissioned it to teach one body of doctrine, namely I'is whole teaching and endowed it with unity of worship, for unity of worship follows naturally from unity of government and belief (Ci Matt xi, 18-19; xviii., 18-20; Mark xvi, 15-16 John xvii, 21; xxi., 15-17) The Catholic Church alone possesses this characteristie unity which Christ conferred upon His Church Christ wished His Church to be universal or Catholic, geographically by embracing all nations; chronologically by enduring_in all ges, For He commanded His Church to teach all nations till the consummation of the world The Catholic Church alone possesses this mark of Catholicity or universality Christ wished His Church to be apostolic: dating in unbroken legal and legitimate succession from the Church of the Apostles The Catholic Church is the only Church which can substantiate the claim to be apostolic Finally, ' Christ wished His Church to be holyholy in its teaching, Sacraments and sacrifice., distinguished for the number of its members who would rise to heroic sanctity n every age, even the worst. And, here again only the Catholic Church can substantiate this claim

The Catholic, Greek and some other orders are admittedly valid orders and, therefore, not conclusive

ed the majority of Christians and , Salvationists soon may Allowing the question of relative numbers of Donatists and Salvationists to pass you mistakenly assume that we appeal to the huge membership of the Catholic Church as a proof of its truth But, as has been al ready explained, we do nothing of the kind The Church was just as true when it comprised only the immediate disciples of Our Lord, as it is to-day with membership of hundreds of millions

What is the Church?

The Church is the body of charitable men having fellowship with Christ The Church is much more than that By the institution of Christ Himself the Church is the society of those who

The

"Puzzled " Bathurst N S W.:

Where does the Pope stand, now that Mussolini has come into the war?

He stands exactly where he stood before Mussolini entered the conflict, namely, as the Spiritual Head of 400 000,000 Catholics in every part of the world, and as the temporal Sovereign of the tiny Vatican City State, The Vatican City is not part of the Kingdom of Italy; it is an independent neutral State It is just as neutral and as independent as Switzerland, and the largeness or smallness of tne Vatican City has nothing to do with the question

He must be in a tight corner because Mussolini could blow the Vatican to smithereens in a few hours

Undoubtedly he could, for he overran the much larger and more poweriul State of Albania in a few davs But to destroy the Vatican is not to destroy the Papacy To take the Pope prison er is not to make him a slave in the service of the Fascist State Mussolini should know enough of history to realise that It was Bismarck I think who said that he who lavs hands on the Pope gets his fingers burntand he ought to know

The Pope is not the man to be overawed bv anv threats that Mussolini could make

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Church would be infallible in teaching

His doctrine to the human race and that it would endure till the end of the world Since Christ is God as well as man, He can and will keep His word Fellowship of charitable men with Christ without the rational foundation o the doctrinal teaching of Christ, and with the guidance of the nfallible teaching authority instituted by Him, would soon decay and disappear Who is to decide what "fellowship' and "charity"really mean, should any dispute arise? And who is to determine with the certainty which we must have in such vital matters, the conditions of fellowship with Christ? Fellowship with Christ on our conditions will not do; we can have fellowship with Him only on His conditions One of these is the acceptance of the Church which He founded

THREE Pope

Right or Might

Mussolini could say the Pope was a traitor to his country and turn the people against him

He could say that, and a great many other things as well, but to get away with it' would be quite another matter Only the foolish and the ignorant would be deceived by such a charge, for everv man with anv sense and educationknows that thePope is not an Italian subject and owes no allegiance to the Italian King or to any other temporal power

He could force the Pope to make laws in his favour

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He could try, but he would not succeed, Brute force cannot coerce or conquer a spiritual power Moral right is more powerful than bombs and machine guns More than one Pope has suffered death rather than submit to the unjust demands of temporal rulers If the Pope were to go to Portugal or some other country, who would carry on the government of the Church?

The Pope The Pope is Bishop of Rome and the Successor of St Peter the Apostle As such he possesses the supreme authority in the Church Whether or not he actually resides in Rome does not affect the question

Are They Catholics?

Isn't Mussolini himself supposed to be a Catholic?

He was baptised a Catholic As a young man he became a socialist and an atheist, and a bitter opponent of the Catholic Church Later, as ruler of Italy he apparently became more moderate in his views, though, as the events of 1931 showed clearly enough, he still fostered the ambition of making the Church a Department of the State, He failed then and will fail in the future

Now he has finally abandoned the Cross of Christ for the pagan swastika of Hitler in circumstances of unspe:kable meanness and treachery

Are not most of the members of the Italian Fascist Party Catholics? _

Most of them were baptised Catholics But you must remember that most Italians over twenty-five years of age are the product of a system of education which was not only "secular" but bitterly anti-Christian and antiCatholic tem which was in full force from 1870 to 1922

Again, it may be observed that many members of the Fascist Party are simply the old socialists and anti-clericals who changed nothing except the colour of their shirts These extremist elements in the Party captured control at the time of the Sanctions Campaign, and hav held it ever since, I vu want to know the root rean whv Italian Fascists have joined up with the pagan barbarians of the Nrth you will find it in the enlightened svstem of education which drove God from the schools in an endeavour to destrov the influence of the Church People who sow poionous seeds have no right to complain if they germinate nd bear fruit

Bitter

cold nights never worry those who sleep beneath

An "Imperialistic War''?

I have heard people say that this war is only an imperialist war. That was the catch-cry adopted by the 'Comrades" and their 'fellow travellers," when Comrade Stalin stabbed Poland in the back and grabbed his share of the loot The idea was to kill any enthusiasm for the cause of the Allies, and to leave the thieves secure in their crime

The assertion that this war is an imperialist war" is one of those halftruths which are more dangerous than lies It is true that imperialistic nations are engaged in the conflict It may be true that many are fighting, even on our side for unworthy and sordid motives It is true that the Empires of Great Britain and France are fighting for their very existence But it is emphatically not true that imperialistic interests are the only or even the most important, factors in volved. The principal factors in the present war are not material or economic; they are psychological and spiritual, At base the conflict is one between the traditional civilisation of Europe and the most ruthless and godless svstem of slavery that has ever darkened the face of the earth.

\

But, imperfect and even corrupt as they may be, our democratic institutions stand for elementary human rights and decencies; for freedom of association; for individual liberties and civil and political rights; for the precedence of the human person and the human family over the ever-increasing demands of the Totalitarian State These things are now threatened by a soulless and godless tyranny, backed by the might of armies encased in steel.

We are not angels However patriotie an Englishman or Frenchman may be, he must be fully aware of the defects and the crimes of his own nation But in this present war we are fighting on the side of the angels As the late G, K Chesterton nee declared: The advantage of the Allied cause is that it is better than the Allies''-better than the nations and the individuals who are fighting for it

Sectarianism

J J R, Cremorne, NS W

Thursday, July 4, 1940.

Confusing the Issue

A friend said to me that the Allies wanted to grab all the oil supplies in the world and leave the Germans with nothing Despite the fact thatthere are grasping and rapacious bodies on our side who would not scruple to do just that nor be at all concerned at the bloodshed involved, your friend's view is exceptionally superficial and even silly It is true that the Allies are seeking to control the world's resources of oil, but as an economic weapon to defeat a powerful and unscrupulous enemy not for personal gain If such control is to be exercised for personal gain when the war is over, which is quite possible then the seeds of further dissension will be own, and the same hell will again be let loose on the world Peace with out Christianity in actual practice as well as in theory will simply be the prelude to further war

which w uld well repa, investigatit by the authorities

Christians And This War

If such be the case, why should Chrisinns take part in it?

It is not an imperialistic war and Christi ns have every right to take part in it, for everything which Christians hold dear, including Christianity itself, is threatened as never b re n his tory

It is not a war between angels and demons with all the angels under the Allied flags and all the demons under the swastika, It is a war between human beings, perverse, self-willed, sinful human beings Good men and bad men are to be found on both sides

Our democratic systems are by no means perfect There is much in them that is not worth fighting for, the injustices of our social and eeno mic svstem, the misery and degradation that go with unemployment and the dole, the spread in our midst of the very godlessness against which w are fighting for our existence, the anti social vice and general immorality which are sapping the spirit and the vitality of our nation-we re not fighting for these They must go if our democratic system is t b worth pr serving

Thicker, and far *

Softer, cos1er

I am enclosing for your inspection a circular found in our letter box recently

The circular is entitled "Bewar» of the Holy Name Society," and is printed bv the "Protestant World Publishing Company," It is bu one further sample of the unscrupulous and scurrilous falsehood which seems to be so characteristic of the said Protestant World Publishing Company" The same little clique of bitter sectrians published the notorious "Catholic Action'' document which was upported by a very suspicious affidavit, and

More

the

P F, Clayfield, Brisbane:

Sectarianism is a detestable thin t any time or place, But in a time of national stress and emergency, when the greatest possible unity is necessary to safeguard the very exiten of Australia and the Empire, the prpaators of sectarian hate are as much the ene mies of our countrv as any o Hitler' "Fifth Columnists."

It is scarcely necessary to observe that the "Protestant World" de ·s not represent the generality Protest ant: it is merely litti tri bigots who subordinate religion and morality and patriotism to their hatrd the Catholic Church

Same

In the Brisbane Catholic Leader" of May 9. 1940, there is an article entitled: "War Levy on the Church in Germany"

The article n question explains yet another phase of the persecution of th Church by the Nazis, namely the con fiscation of Church property

A Witness of Jehovah in our street interpreted it as meaning that the Pope has been paying Hitler £2,000,000 annually to keep peace between Italy and Germany

Only a "Witness of Jehovah" would b capable of such an interpretation as that for sane people could not possibly see any connection between a measure of persecution introduced by Hitler as part of his scheme to destroy the Church, and an alleged attempt by

U.S.

Song Writers Condemn Obscene Lyrics of

New York

A resolution condemning obscene, lewd and lascivious songs and providing for the expulsion of any member who writes such lyrics, will be presented at the next general meeting of the Song Writers' Protective Association, composed of 687 of the nation's leading song writers

The resolution was drawn up by a committee of three after a stormy meeting attended Dy more than 250 song writers It provides for the appointment of an Ethics Committee, with the power to discipline any member found guilty of "deliberately writing an obscene, lewd or lascivious song,'and sets up the general membership of the SWPA as both a censuring and censoring body This unexpected step was taken after an appeal by Irving Caesar, author of many hits,president of the association, to take a definite stand on the question of "bad taste," which, he said, is plaguing the song writing industry Mr Caesar urged the writers not only to condemn questionable lvrics, but to provide severe penalties for guilty writers

Denouncing the obscene song as "emotional garbage," he said that fortunately there are not many writers of such songs, but

that recentlv he noticed a tendency on the part of some writers to create questionable songs for the automatic phonograph machines now installed in thousands of restaurants and lance halls throughout the country

"I consider song writing a very noble art," he continued I love it It's my life But I don't intend to work for copyright or contractual protection for anyone who writes dirty songs for a cafe audience of two people or a radio audience of 2,000,000."

A small group spoke in opposition to Mr Caesar's proposals It was led by Andy Razcff, Negro song writer Mr Caesar, however, was supported by a majority of members present The committee of three was composed of Gerald Griffin, Henry Marshall, and David Oppenheimer th the deadly en cour' peopl theories not expe lowing le jut mentioned I have argued with him on this point, but he fails to be convinced. It i useles to argue with such people, and any attempt to do so is merely a waste of breath, They I thing that f: Ils 'rom th ud-1 Judge" Rutherford and n rument on earth would induc them t han their views. It would be like arguing with a man whis convin ·d that he isa poached eg and who quit logically, wants to sit on piece of toast You would hav : m h hop success

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Thursday, July 4, 1940

The English Revolution

DESTRUCTION OF PLUTOCRACY ESSENTIAL FOR NATIONAL WELFARE.

By REV FRANCIS B

SEWARD

Tracing the history of monarchy in England from the time of the Tudors, Father Seward comes to the conclusion that the hope of Britain lies in the overthrow of the money-power and the restoration of true monarchy He says "to cure the ills of England the aim should be the conversion of England to the ancient Faith, the restoration of the ancient form of Government, monarchy and the overthrow of the money-power" And why not?

THIS title is given b) ol<lfashioned historians to the expulsion of James II, and the selection of William of Orange and Mary as king and queen of England They base their use of the term "Revolution" on the pedantic ground that the Crown then ceased to be hereditary and became "parliamentary,'' or elective They are obviously wrong [f by a revolution'' is meant the transfer of supreme power from one authority to another, this had already taken place It began from the death of Henry VIII, even ii the expulsion of lames H was its remote climax or effect As soon as Henry VIII was dead the real supreme authority ceased to be vested in the monarchv and became transferred to those whom Belloc terms the "new millionaires" From that time, though the forms of monarchy were retained, in order to conceal from the masses what had taken place, the real rulers were those of the titled plutocracy

They ha, become a plutocracy through the great riches derived from the plunder of the Church and of charitable foundations, and thev retained the monarchv as a convenient puppet, or screen, for themselves Thev did so because thev desired- -from motives of prudence and not of modestyto remain anonvmou. With supreme wealth in the State they also secured supreme power No Longer a Popular Monarchy

That Edward VI was not a ruler but a puppet is patent to all; and more recent investigations have made it fairly clear that the seemingly masteful character, Elizabeth, was, in everything that mattered, completely "under the thumb" of plutocracy All major questions of policy, such as that England was to be Protestant, not Catholic, and that Queen Maryof Scotland was to die, were dictated by Cecil And he was the tool and mouthpiece of the plutocrats

Originally the Government of England had been a popular monarchy,'' that is to say the sovereign ruled with-but not bythe consent of the mass of his subjects He was traditionally a member of a certain familv, and the principle of primogeniture was normally appealed to in order to determine the 1awtul heir He was the actual supreme ruler, the source of legislative, executive and judicial power But he was no mere absolute autocrat or tyrant."

At his accession he had to promuse to uphold the ancient laws and customs of the realm, to administer justice impartially, to defend the weak and the oppressed, to respect the spiritual autonomy of the Church, to uphold the rights of certain groups or individuals and to confirm grants or "charters"' conceded by his pre-

decessors He was regarded, n particular, as the natural champion and defender of the common people against the power of tyrannical aristocrats A sort of "ex officio" tribune of the plebs

Under the Tudors this "popular" monarchy tended to degenerate into absolutism, a process that reached its climax in the reign of Henry VIII The phrase "the king can do no wrong' was ceasing to be a mere legal fiction His predecessors had ruled according to law, Henry was above the law With Louis XIV he could have exclaimed L'etat: c'est moi "

Tyranny of the Money Power

The monarchv was now a tyranny At Henry's death the monarchy ceased to rule, and its power was transferred to a small number of immensely rich men, whoe hands, in Lloyd Georg 's well-known phrase, "were dripping with the fat of sacrilege"An open tyranny was bad rough but there was hope ' Men k e where responsibility lay; a tyrant could be identified, and might be deposed There was always hope that a more equitable ruler might succeed. But now a worse tyranny was imposed-worse because anonvmous and worse because founded on mere greed And that miserable state of misgovernment has continued to this dav

Edward VI, the child-king, was the mere puppet of the tyrants Henry himself had opened the path to such tyranny by his forced Acts of Parliament which arbitrarilv confused the legitimate inheritance of the Crown Under Mary an attempt was made to restore the Church and the monarchy, though even Mary dared not compel the holders of the fruits of sacrilege to make restitution Elizabeth had to submit to the plutocrats She restored Protestantism, despite her promise to the contrary-probably sincere enough at the timeto Mary as she lay dving Protestantism would never compel the plutocrats to restore what thev had stolen from the Church!

Later a puppet king, Charles I, attempted to make himself monarch in realitv as well as in name The plutocrats replied by a formal rebellion under Cromwell, which ended in beheading the king Thus they taught future kings a lesson-the lesson as t who now held supreme power in the realm Themvth that Cromwell's rebellion was a rising of the common people has been so completely exposed that no serious historian will even consider it henceforth He was of course, a cadet of a new millionaire family, and fought for the power of the plutocracy The Act of Settlement

Eventuallv the exiled son of Charles I was permitted to return His father's decapitation had taught Charles II who were

his masters; and as "he had no desire to set out on his travels again'' he made no effort to opose their sway In view of tte popular sentiment in favour of kingship it suited those masters to restore a puppet-king, on sufferance Worldly wisdom did not even permit him to profess openly, until on his death-bed, his belief in Catholicism But his rother, James IHI, had no such worldly wisdom, and not very much tact He was a militant Catholic, fully determined to profess and practise his religion

He was driven from the realm, not for desiring to re-establish the Catholic Church as the national religion, but simply for attempting to extend a reasonable measure of toleration and freedom to his fellow-Catholics His masters not only deposed him, substituting William and Mary, uut determined that such a show of independence should never happen again Every king, on accession, had henceforward to take an oath condemning Catholicism and proclaiming himself Protestant Further, by the Act of Settlement of 1701 all descendants of Charles I were forever excluded from the Crown

The passing of this Act, by order of the plutocrats, is of interest, as showing how strong was popular attachment to the tradition of hereditary kingship Parliament was drawn from the wealthy classes onlv; intimidation is known to have been used, and the House was carefullv "packed' with supporters Yet, so great was the antipathy to changing the dynastic ine, that the Act passed only by one vote: 118 to 117!

From an abstract and academic standpoint one might argue, with members of "Jacobite" and "Legitimist" societies, that, as the last member of the Stuart dynasty was driven from his throne for supporting Catholicism, Catholics should logically join hands with those who desire the restoration of the Stuarts To the present writer such an argument does not seem to be conclusive

One consideration is that the present Royal Family have undoubtedlv derived a sound title to reign from the actual consent and acceptation of several generations of the masses of the British people A wrong was done, no doubt to the Stuart familv and an affront offered to the Church when James II was excluded The Genuine Solution

But James II was alreadv a puppet in the hands of the plutocratic rulers of England: and any

FIVE other puppet-king, Orange or Hanoverian, attempted, as James did, to restore the real principle of monarchy, and make himself a king in reality, as well as in name the same rulers would most certainlv have killed him as the killed Charles I, or exiled him, as they exiled James II

The genuine solution seems to be to overthrow the power of plutocracy and restore a genuine monarchy; let the king rule in fact, as well as merely reign Overthrow the money-power in England, and in its place once again vest the legislative, executive and judicial supreme power in the king It is to restore the principle of monarchy, not a particular dynasty, which is mportant •

Other forms of government may well suit people of other temperaments and traditions; the writer, himself an Englishman, believes a popular' monarchy to be the Government best suited to the English

Sufficient safeguards and pledges could be devised to avert the monarchy degenerating, as under the Tudors, into absolutism The present Royal Family are popular and fitted to rule as well as reign The monarchy is for the sake of the nation, not the nation for the sake of a particular dy nasty or claimant Not onlv is the restoration of the Stuart famly outside realistic projects, ut the injury to the nation by civil strife and conflict would far outweigh the wrong done in the past to a particular dynasty

Three Necessary Steps

There is no doctrine of apostolic succession" in monarchv, nor do Catholics accept the old doctrine of "Divine Right of Kings" invented by non-Catholics to encourage absolutism An hereditarv dvnastv is desirable to avoid conflicts and doubts regarding the lawful heir, as well as the unsettlement caused bv election of the ruler And the strict order of succession should therefore be rigidly adhered to; but no Royal Family is sacrosanct in itself or for its own sake

In a word to cure the ills of England, the vwriter believes that the aim should be the conversion of England to the ancient Faith the restoration of the ancient form of government, monarchy and· the overthrow of the moneypower

The first, being for her supernatural welfare, is immeasurablv the most important, and all things are possible to Faith and zeal The second could quite naturally follow upon the attainment of the third And in view of the no declining power of international finance, the third is not outside the bounds of possibility, given a determined and united effort to break the stranglehold -"NZ Tablet" '

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On Tuesday, the 4th ult, the sudden death occurred of Dr John Ignatius Parer, states the Sydney "Catholic Press " Deceased had performed several operations at St Joseph's Hospital, Auburn, on the previous day, and carried out his round of visits to his patients there on the Tuesday morning On returning to his home, he was seized with illness and taken to St Joseph's Hospital where, after having received the last rites of the Church at the hands of Rev Father J Cullen, he passed quietly away, two hours after admission

Dr Parer was born in Victoria in 1884 and was educated at St Patrick's College, East Melbourne He matriculated at the age of 14 and obtained his degree of medicine at the Melbourne University at the age of 21 He was appointed to the staff of the Alfred Hospital Later, he accepted Government appointments at Wyndham (W A ), where he acted as Magistrate and C P S in conjunction with his medical duties He was married at Perth, and later went to Scotland where he obtained his degree of F R C S (Edin ) He was a member of the B M A for 25 years

He returned to Australia and purchased a practice in Fremantle A few years later he procured a practice in Summer Hill (N SW ) and later settled at Granville He was one of the best known surgeons in the western suburbs In the vear 1920 he was appointed to the staff of St Joseph's Hospital, Auburn, as honorary physician and surgeon His unfailing and untiring devotion to his profession, particularly to the sick poor of Granville, and the surrounding districts, had won for him a lasting memory in the hearts of his grateful patients During his life he spent most of his leisure hours with his birds, of which he possessed an outstanding collection He was also very keenly interested in fishing and golfing and was a member of the Concord Golf Club for many years On the Tuesday evening the mortal remains were moved to the Convent Chapel at St Joseph's, where Requiem Mass was offered on the Wednesdav morning by Father Cullen Present at the Mass were Mrs Parer (widow), Doctors Furnival, Kortum, McCaffrev and Mahon; the Sisters and nurses

The final Absolution was given y Rev Father J O'Reilly, PP, and as the casket was carried out, the nurses formed a guard of honour The funeral, which was large and representative, moved to the Rookwood Cemetery, where the interment took place The prayer at the graveside were recited y Father O'Reilly

Thursday, July 4, 1940

PRIEST ISSUES NEW REPORT ON THERESA NEUMANN, THE STIGMATIC

A report on the condition of Theresa Neumann, the stigmatic made after a visit to her last Cood Friday by Father Art Hofer has been published in the "Wiener Kirchenblatt," the ecclesiastical bulletin of Vienna

Father Arthofer states:

(l) Contrary to numerous reports of her death, Theresa Neumann is still living

(2) It is true that she has the stigmata, that she does not take any food, that she has frequent ecstacies and that she is subject to other phenomena which cannot be explained by ordinary natural processes (for example a knowledge of Armenian) I was able to confirm all these things for myself.

(3) Theresa has not made any prophecy regarding matters purely temporal Reports of prophecies which have been spread about do not emanate from Konnersreuth, but are due to evil people, and are stupid

4) I got the impression that the Neumann familv do not Ike visitors, above all they dislike those who come in earch of the sensational

t5) All the false new about Konnerreuth manufactured bv people who have never set foot in the place

Pope Pius XI's Interest

(6) Pope Pius XI was so convinced of the authenticity of the happenings at Konnersreuth that, before hi. death he sent Theresa a precious relic

(7) There is a remarkably high religious life in Konnersreuth In the village which contains a thousand souls, forty-five thousand Communions were made during the past year This is the finest tribute the people are able to pay to "their Theresa "

(8) Konnersreuth has always taken the advice of the Church and has never tried to impose its miracle on to the world Theresa finds it disagreeable that so much has been written on her account

(9) Nobody is obliged to believe in the miracleof onnersreuth

(10) Nobody has the right to deny these things No Food Since 1927

BY

Theresa Neumann i in her forty-second year The stigmata and the visions of Our Lord's Passion first came to her in 1926 during Lent It is said that she Joy is wanted in the hearts has taken no solid food since where the Holv Ghost resides! Christmas, 1922, and has had Joy is wanted in, the souls bear- neither solid nor liquid food since ing a cross, in sorrowful and September, 1927 She lives only wounded souls, struggling souls on daily Holy Communion By Where God is there joy shall also order of the Bishop, she was plae be; for joy is strength and dejec- ed under medical supervision for tion is weakness To rejoice is 14 days in 1927 The doctors atto feel the force of life-to be sor- firmed that she took no food durrowful is to weaken That is ing that time and that her weight why joy often heals-and sorrow varied very little from day to day makes one ill-life walks hand-in- Since 1932 there has been a cerhand with good spirits and joy, tain amount of controversy as a death is combined with sorrow result of Theresa's father reius and mourning All that is good ing to allow her to be moved to a for us, all that makes us prosper hospital at the request of the Bisalso enriches, and rejoices us; all hop. His Lordship wanted a that renders us poorer makes us further medical report on the persad! We have no virtue that is petual fast As a result of that strength if we possess no joy The refusal the ecclesiastical authorigreatest strength of spirit is need- ties have suspended all judgment ed for spiritual life which is faith- about Theresa's case fulness, small things and little du- Medical men have, however, tics from morning till night"- } verified the reality of the stigBishop Prohaszka: "Meditations" mata

THE

GRAIN

Characteristic A

Peculiar

OF MUSTARD To

The Church Catholic

The troubles which beset the world to-day may be traced to that critical time some four hundred years ago, when the Church suffered one of the deadliest blows in all her history and arose from it triumphant and refreshed, writes Dr William Thomas Walsh in this article from the "Catholic World" The writer's outstanding work in literary and historical fields enhances this survey of a characteristic peculiar to the Catholic Church in all ages

FOR n, cnty-t,\o year� 110\\ a great many persons of high and low degree have been viewing with alarm the atheistic monster which, after decades oi conspiracy, got a foothold n a vast and peculiarly sheltered portion of the earth For twentytwo years these prophets have been telling the world that the nonster was increasing its power in all countries, and if not stopped, would overrun the globe and reduce the human race to a slavery without precedent in history

In my own small way, I have been one of these Paul Reveres: I talked to m, friends, I made speeches, I wrote articles pointing out the growing danger and wherein it lay And I was only one f hundreds o more or less obscure publicists who laboured to bring the sad truth into homes in everv corner of the United States and man less fortunate countries It th human race s subjugated by the beast f the hammer anl sickle and the rel tar, let no one say he has not been warned Everybodv has been told

The Snowball of Sin

How much good, I ask myself, has all this licussion done? Have all the thousands of words that I alone have expended on the subject held back the Bolshevist plague a single inch in its progress, or kept one person from becoming a Communist? Perhaps; but I have seen no evidence of it

Russia is more firmlv enslaved y the oviet than ever Engand an France were willine to be her allies, and mav vet have the misfortune to be so, if Stalin finds it convenient to double-cross Hitler Vast portions of the Far East have been Bolshevised, and the bear licks his chops as he gazes hungrily down on India He had a bad setback in Spain, but he has done better thanks to Hitler, in Poland; and now he is on the Baltic, ready to spring at Scandinavia He has completed the encirclement of Germany, and whatever may be the outcome of the peculiar war in the west, he will have to be reckoned with bv the victor "

In England, France and the United States the Red cause has suffered a great loss of prestige since the German-Soviet pact, and articularly since the brutal Bolshevik invasion of Finland. and the heroic resistance of the Finns But only a foolish optimist will assume from all the current emotional hatred of Stalin that the masses have turned awav from an inclination to the heresv of which he is the most conspicuous purveyor It remains to be seen whether the slave mentalitv which s created even by the opposition to Communism (as we have seen mn Germany), will not lead the bewildered peoples to the same goal by different doorways

The Soviet begot Nazism out of fear and hatred England and France, in fighting the menace of Nazism, turn to principles of dictatorship and regimentation of human lives on an increasing if gradual scale The United States lready somewhat advanced upon

the road of totalitarianism bv the depression, must be drawn further in the same direction if the war in Europe continues, particularly if we are foolish enough to be drawn into it, even tothe extent of a friendly economic inflation, which will surely have its reaction Meanwhile Browder has talked at Yale Who can contemplate all this (and much more that could be added) without a deep and growing sadness, and a fearful awareness of the strangely accumulative power of evil?

Sin, once started on its way, grows like a snowball. Its progression is geometric It pays the devil compound interest

What we are likely to forget, however, is that the same spiritual law applies to good as to evil; more so, in fact, though less dramatically; for evil, in spite of itself, often begets good, and always so in the ong run, while god, though it may long remain hidden, is never the mother oi anything but good And t is encouraging to remember that most of the truly great and beneicent things that history records have had small and humble beginnings

When Rome was in her most desperate plight, morally and economically, few persons were aware that the Kingdom of Heaven had stolen quietly into the world, not as a conqueror-king feasting in his palace, but as a poor Infant born in a manger

This humble property of goodness, this characteristic peculiar to the Church Catholic in all ages, was expressed for us by Our Lord Himself in one of His unforgettable similes:

The Kingdom of Heaven is like to a grain of mustard seed, which a man took and sowed in his field: which is the least indeed of all seeds; but when it is crown up, it is greater than all herbs, and becometh a tree, so that the birds of the air come, and dwell mn the branches thereof"

Having thought a great deal about the crisis of the sixteenth century from which all our principal modern misfortunes stem, as causes from a single effect, I am tempted to go there for illustration I am thinking of the reform of St Teresa, and of the achievement of the Jesuits, both of which in part, stemmed from the same seed of goodness, and grew into branches of beneficence which, interwining above the stricken earth, accomplished for mankind what kings and politi cians and orators and armies either failed to achieve, or achieved but in some limited and disappointing degree or only temporarily

Surely there is something we can learn bv tracing cause and effect in that critical time when the Church suffered one of the deadliest blows in all her historv and arose from it triumphant an refreshed

An Incredible Emnpire

Spain had hardly finished a struggle of seven centuries again-

st the onslaught of Mohammedanism, when she had to encounter the new menace of Protestantism She was better prepared, n one way than Germany was For in all the phases of the antiChristian revolution, which has sought the destruction of the Church under various pretexts for nearly two thousand years there have alwavs been two observable elements: (1) a propaganda subtle and dishonest, against the Church and (2) a weak spot somewhere in the human nature that makes up the visible aspect of the Mystical Body; some form of ignorance or corruption

NowSpain was alreadv well armed against the irst Ferdinand and Isabella, who had given the "coup de grace''to Islam in Spain, had established the Inquisition, which, when Ferdinand died in 1515, had pretty thoroughly suppressed all heresy There was, however, a considerable laxitv of discipline in some of the orders, and among the secular clergy; there was some moral laxitv, too, and a great deal of disregard of ecclesiastical laws concerning the ownership of property by religious, the holding of benefices by absentees, and so on. Cisneros, the great scholar, prime minister and Grand Inquisitor, began the needed reform first in himself next in his own order (the Franciscan) and finally in all of Spain But he died before the work was completed.

Charles V, grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella, inherited from

his various ancestors an almost incredible empire; he was lord not only of Spain and most of the New World, but of Naples and Milan, Burgundy and the Netherlands, then including Holland; and he was elected Emperor of Germany, which then included Austria as it does now

He seemed to be the most powerful monarch in the world, when Luther, one of his com· paratively obscure subjects in the north, challenged all he professed to hold most dear Yet Chrles was no match for Luther

In middle age he found himself in a Europe changed forever, an to a great extent through his negligence: Germany lost to the faith, the Scandinavian countries ikewise; England, too, on the side of the enemy, though Charles was not aware how completely and his last vears were saddened bv the discoverv that the Protestants had made great headway not onlv in France where manv of the nobility had taken up the new doctrines, but even in his own Spain, which he had thought (by reason of the Inquisition) impregnable On his death-bed the Emperor lamented that he ha not had Luther put to death, when the monk was in his hands Per haps it was like an Emperor te think of combatting a spiritual evil with mere force But it was too late then for Charles to do anything about Luther

St Francis Borgia

Charles died in a monasterv gazing at the crucifix that his beloved wife, years ago, had held in her dying hands She was said

EIGHT

to be the most beautiful woman in Europe, and she was as good as she was lovely Chiefly it was her influence that had led her husband, in his thirties, to agree that as soon as their son was old enough to rule, they would forsake the disappointing world, she to enter a convent, he a monastery

When Charles was absent on his wars he left her under the watchful care of one of his dearest friends, Don Francisco de Borja ("Borgia," in Italy), Marques of Lombay It was this genial aristocrat who escorted the body of the Empress to its last resting place in Granada There the royal coffin was opened that he might take a last look at the imperial face Alas, death had wrought such havoc with it that Borgia cried out against the brevity of all human loveliness, and the vanity of all earthly hopes He gave up his children, his lands and his titles, sought out a poor man he had once met, one Fat er Ignatius of Loyola, and became a Jesuit-in time third General of the Society It was Borgia's conversion that finally overcame the distrust with which the Emperor Charles viewed the new organisation which was undertaking a much needed reform of the clergy in Spain and Italy, and preparing for its gigantic mission of educating Catholics, and winning ack whole countries, such as Poland and Bavaria, from the clutches of the heretics

The two eventsBorgia's becoming a Jesuit, and the Emperor's retiring to a monastery to diehad a tremendous effect in Spain Nothing could have appealed more to the warm, adventurous and generous hearts of a crusading people

The number of religious vocations increased, the religious life was held in higher veneration than ever, the time was now ripe for a complete reform of conventual life But apparently it was not God's intention to have it reformed by royal decree, from the top, or wholly by the repressive watchfulness of the Inquisition, necessary as that institution was considered to be under the peculiar circumstances existing in Spain God works very quietly As St Ignatius had prepared humbly for his great mission by prayer, study and suffering so another tiny grain of mustard was growing into a mighty tree, unnoticed by men

One of Borgia's last journeys with the Empress before he left the world, had been to escort her and her infant son (Philip ID) to Avila in 1531 The city gave the imperial visitors a delirious welcome Somewhere in the crowd, perhaps, stood a young girl of sixteen, Teresa de Ahumada, then a boarding pupil at the convent of the Augustinians Borgia probably knew nothing of her existence But they were destned to meet For when he next returned to that hilly town in 1554 some extraordinary things had happened

Philip II had grown up, and was about to sail for England to marry Queen Mary Tudor hoping thus to bring her country back to the faith But partly because God denied him an heir, partly (and chiefly perhaps) because he sacrificed the Church's interests, in the matter of her stolen property, to political expediency, he failed, and England became the leader of the anti-Catholic forces of the world

The young girl of Avila, on the other hand, had entered a Carmelite convent, had taken to mental prayer, and had entered upon a fierce struggle to rid herself of even the slightest imperfection, that she might return God's love as He desired This struggle lasted twenty years and Teresa was a middleaged woman, when, throwing herself at the feet of an image of Christ Wounded, she achieved victory at last, in utter humility She then received the prayer of quiet, and finally that highest form of contemplation, the infused prayer oi union She had rap tures and levitations, Our Lord frequently spoke with her, admonished or encouraged her, and predicted many things she was to do Hard on the Mystics

The opposition of the devil, who had sought from the first to impede a vocation promising so much of good, now became intensified and Teresa was subjected to one of her cruelest persecu tions It happened that a few years previously, the Inquisition had xposed and punished a religious imposter, a nun called Madgalena de la Cruz, who had simulated the Stigmata so cleverly that even members of the royal family were deceived and venerated her as almost a saint Also, she had pretended to live only on the Blessed Sacrament, to have raptures, to receive prophecies from Our Lord directly, and so on Yet in the end she confessed that all was deceit from the beginning Magdalena was a member of a sect known as the "Alumbrados,'' or Illuminates whose pseudo-mystical doctrines, craftily expressed in Catholic terminology, meant something quite different and quite sinister, and if accepted would have destroyed the faith in Spain, as Lutheranism had destroyed it in Germany Small wonder, then, that authorities of Church and of State began to look with suspicion on every one who exhibited any of the charac-

teristics of the "Alumbrados" It was \ dangerous to have visions in sixteenth century Spain This was often pretty hard on the true Catholic mystics St Ignatius was imprisoned until a careful investigation established the firm foundations of his theology and the sincerity of his piety Fra Luis de Leon spent five years in the prisons of the Inquisition before he was exonerated Even the Archbishop of Toledo was imprisoned, sent to Rome, and finally penanced by the Pope, when it was established that he had written certain dangerous and equivocal statements indicative of Lutheran influence He meant no harm, in the opinion of many; but his views f unchallenged might have ruined thousands of souls Now it was the turn of Teresa the Carmelite of Avila People were saying that in some ways she certainly resembled Magdalena the "Alumbrada" Even two of her closest friends thought that her visions of Our Lord must be illusions created by the devil; they seemed too good to be true, and it was the opinion of these holy people that God no longer manifested Himself in such ways in modern times Finally they suggested that she invoke the aid of the Jesuits, "those blessed men" as Teresa afterwards called them who after terrific opposition and perseeution had finally won the hearts of all classes; and the people were so impressed with their learning their method of prayer, their sincere and humble love of God end of souls, that they called them reverently, "'the Apostles'' So Teresa made a general confession to a young Jesuit Father Cetina, Much given to mental prayer him self, he saw at once that the supernatura! manifestations in her life came from God, not from the devil; and when St Francis Borgia went to Avila in 1554 the new director arranged to have him meet Teresa and hear her onfession St Francis immediately saw that her mystical experiences were genuine He spoke in highest praise of her then, and all the rest of his life He lifted her from a sorrow and bewilderment which had begun to threaten her with something like despair; and he told her to go on serving God just as she was doing Teresa persevered, received even more remarkable favours from Our Lord, and finally, in her late forties discovered what her mission was to be It is interesting to otice that she conceived of it first as a contribution towards repairing the damage that Luther had done If only she were a man, she thought, she would like nothing better than risking her life to win back souls to the true Church; but she was not a man, she was a weak and very sickly woman What could she do?

Well, at least she could try to perform the duties of her station in life with as much perfection as possible and offer this in reparation for the blasphemies of the hereties, their insults to the Blessed Sacrament, their misleading of thousands of souls This proved to be difficult in the convent she was in, which had greatly departed from the primitive Carmelite rule The whole Order in fact, was so relaxed that contemplation, which was its raison d'etre, was difficult in all its houes, and often out of the question Teresa, a simple nun, could not reform an aristocratic convent of 180 souls; but Our Lord led her, in various ways, and in spite of almost incredible opposition, to the successful foundation of a humble community of thir teen nuns under the strict primitive rule

Thursday, July 4, 1940.

hopes in establishing her reform was that her nuns highly trained and disciplined little groups, might be ready to show their love for Christ by ccepting martyrdom, should the occasion offer This tradition persisted in the Carmelite reformed monasteries. One of them, the famous community at Compiegne, was finally put to the test during the French Revolution In 1794 sixteen of the holy women of that convent went singing to the guillotine offering their lives to end the bloody terror under which France was prostrate; and immediately the Terror ended There the Carmelite convents following the rule of St Teresa in various parts of the United States to-day; and no doubt their members would rejoice as did the nuns of Compiegne, if they could lay down their lives for Christ and the salvation of souls

The Church will Triumph While Teresa was praying and sufferng, and serving God in her own humble way, King Philip II was pouring out millions of treasure in defence of the Church; his navies were fighting the murderous Turks, his armies were withstanding the heretics of the Low Countries, of Germany of England and of France At the same time Philip often encroached upon the rights of the Church, and at a critical time of his ife he seemed to be in grave danger of promoting a new schism

One night he returned to his palace to find that a Carmelite nun had left a note for him Only a fragment of it remains:

Remember, Sire, that King Saul was anointed, and was rejected"

Tradition among the Carmelites has it that this was a message St Ter esa received in prayer from Our Lord, with instructions to leave it at the palace; and that t contained information about His Majesty that no one else could have known 'Where is this woman?" cried Philip "I must see her''

Teresa was already jogging in a peasant's cart along one of the rough roads, to carry on her work in Toledo Her warning, however seems to have had its effect Philip adopted a more filial attitude towards the Vicar o1 Christ Year after year he became a better Catholic, until, about ten years before his death, his attendants reported that he spent four hours of every day in prayer, vocal and mental; and after incredible exertions on behalf of what he conceived (sometimes erroneously) to be the best interests of Christemdom, he died a saintly death Incidentally, he intervened on behalf of St, Teresa when she was misunderstood and misrepresented even at Rome; and it is no exaggeration to say that her reform was saved from destruction, at its most critical moment, though his instrumentality, The Jesuits, too, must have profited by her prayers and penances while they laboured to win back Poland from the Unitarians and Bavaria from the Lutherans, and poured out their blood as martyrs in England, to purchase that Second Spring of which Newman would joyfully write after three dark centuriesa Spring still in one of its early stages

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During the last twenty years of her life, Teresa travelled all over Spain, usually in a rough peasant's cart often without food or shelter, sometimes entering a city to found a monastery with hardly a cent to her name, In one place, after renting a house, she and three other nuns shared one blanket as they lay down to sleep on the cold floor But trifles of that kind never stopped St Teresa; nor did gossip, or persecution, or the bitterest and most unjust slanders As soon as she became convinced that God wanted her to do something, she did it, despite all obstacles The result was that she founded seventeen convents for women in all parts of Spain, and two monasteries for reformed Carmelite monks These centres of contemplative life began to have the silent and incalculable effect first upon the life of other Orders, which were reformed one after another and secondly upon the Catho lic life of the whole Spanish people

A few years after St Teresa's marvellous death one of her disciples carried her reform into France, and there down to the present day, small communities of holv women, united under the rule that St Teresa restored, have been praying and suffering for those who would not pray or do penance for themselves

From childhood Teresa had always desired martyrdom; and one of her

To-day, it must be admitted, the world is in a pretty bad mess, and only a foolish or badly informed optimist would deny that things may grow much worse before they are better But it seems just as foolish to predict, as some oracles are doing the total destruction of civilisation Christianity is a civilising force, and it is indestructible; ergo, there will always be civilisation And when the Church finally tri umphs, as triumph she must, over all her enemies, I imagine that most of the credit will belong to men and women like St Teresa and St Ignatius, rather than to statesmen, soldiers, jour nalists bankers, novelists and poets, peace societies and humanitarian en dowments There are probably more than we suspect, more than are ever canonised, of these simple and hero1€ souls, who have the sincerity and cour age to take the words of Our Lord quite literally They are the ones who seek and find that divine mustard without which the world to-day would have a very unpalatable savour indeed These have a right to speak; and when they do, they wield a mysterious pomer which does not reside in mere words alone

STIRLING AGENCIES

MISS NILAND), B 7963

281 MURRAY STREET, PERTH Farm and station hands youths coo; generals, yard men No effort spar° to obtain the person most fitted for an vacancy you may have Enrol nowPositions flled daily from register

Marriage

and Laws

COMMENT BY ARCHBISHOP OF HOBART (MOST REV J D SIMONDS) ON PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO TASMANIAN LEGISLATION

A motion is to be submitted to the Tasmanian Legislative Council seeking a joint committee of both Houses to consider some important amendments to the Marriage Laws

Amongst the suggestions made in the Council debate on June 13 ast was a proposed amendment that "no person should celebrate any marriage without having first received a medical certificate that the parties were in good health physically and mentally "

Our legislators are to be commended on their anxiety to secure that future citizens shall be mentally and physically sound, but it s to be hoped that very careful consideration will be given to this matter, for the naive suggestion contained n the proposed amendment is not going to solve such a complex problem

Four Aspects

The problem raised in the Legislative Council has at least four different aspects which should be considered separately if confusion of thought is to be avoided:

(a) The proposal to exclude mentally defective persons from marriage in the hope of reducing the incidence of mental deficiency;

(b) The proposal to forbid marriage to a person suffering from venereal disease in order to protect the partner and the offspring from the consequences of infecton;

(c) The practical value oi legislation enforcing these prohibitions; The moral right of the State to it a te th natural rights of its citizn who have committed no crime B M A Report

(a) The official Boards in Engand have already investigated and reported on the first aspect of our problem A committee of experts, which was set up by the British Medical Association to investigate the problem of mental deficiency and the practical methods of coping with it, reported back to the association on June 25, 1932 Later the British Ministry for Health set up a Commission at the public expense to report on the same problem, with particular reference to the question of sterilising the unfit, and its report wa: preented to the Houe of Commons in December, 1933. These Boards have a right to express opinions on the problem,, for thev have carefull founded their recommendations on actual facts, and have kept clear of the "a priori" grounds on which extreme eugenists often base their ill-formed views

Each of these Commissions re cognised the practical impossibilty of defining with certainty the aws that govern the transmission of mentaldeficiencv The B M A Commission confessed that efforts those afflicted Since the most of mental defects would be quite Ineffective Neither Commission would presume to recommend the compulsory enforcement of eugenic action by the State, but the Government Commission made a strong plea for the voluntarv ac ceptance of eugenic treatment by those affiicted Since the most competent opinion in England has refused to recommend compulsory eugenic action against mental defectives, our legislators would be well-advised not to rush in where angels fear to tread

Grave Warning,

(b) Concerning the physical health of parties wishing to contract marriage, it is well known that many States in America have enacted legislation forbidding marriage to persons affected by the graver forms of venereal disease, the marriage licence being refused solely on the evidence of a positive blood-test In the Journal of the American Medical Association, March 25, 1939, there is an informative critique of this legislation in an article entitled "Syphilis and the Law," by Drs Stokes and Ingraham

The contents of this article sound a grave note of warning to any amateurish legislators who may be contemplating a plunge into the troubled waters of eugenic legislation

The writers enumerate many defects in recent American eugenic legislation, pointing to its ineffectiveness because of the increase n indiscriminate sexual relations, the failure of the laws to distinguish between the presence of a disease and its infectiousness, and especially the impossibility of finding out by a mere laboratory examination of the blood whether or not a person is diseased Test Not Adequate

They assert: "It is not improper to point out that medical person, unfamiliar with the diseases which it is planned to control by legislation, and even public health officers in similar situations, mav be responsible for confusion, injustice and unenforceability in the laws or regulations to which their efforts gave birth "

This latter point has received confirmation from Dr Paul • Leary, head of the dermatology section of the Mayo Hospital He recently asserted that the usual laboratory test for syphilis has not proved adequate and that "the laws of America based upon its reliability are doing an injustice to the individual and the communitv "

In view of such grave medical criticism of hasty American legislation our legislators have a serious responsibility to avoid injustice to individuals and the community by carefully defining how w ma ascertain with certaintv the presence of those conditions of ill-health which thev desire to make an impediment to marriage Lax Morals

(e) One has also the right to ask if legislation of this kind s likely to prove effective The B M A Commission considered that even the general sterilisation of mental defectives "would cat se no apprecia erence in the number of such in the community for many generations "

Doctors Stokes and Ingraham claim that American legislation forbidding venereal disease subjects to marry has failed in ts main purpose because of the increasing prevalence of indiscriminate sexual relations

This is an important consideration The combined effort of all our honourable legislators will not be able to prevent their prospective victims from exercising the right to procreate if they so desire Well-meaning lawmakers may forbid the physically or mentallv afflicted to contract honourable marriages but this will not prevent sexual relations outside marriage Thus the incidence of

disease will not necessarilv be reduced, but the offspring of these unions may bear the double stigma of defect and illegitimacy Tyrannous Philosophy (d) We are at present engaged in a mortal conflict against a tyrannous philosophy of life which claims for the State the right to control the entire life of the individual citizen, body and soul Let us not ape the methods of Nazism and Fascism which our young men have gone out to fight The right of man to marry is a right nherent in his nature, and for the Christian man it is a right that touches his conscience most profoundly, because it has been divinely blessed with sacramental grace

One mav voluntarily renounce this right for a good cause, but if the State forcibly deprives him of it, solely because some medical authority considers that he mav generate defective children, I hold that this is an unjust invasion of a natural human right, since the defective has committed no crime Under our free constitution, when a man becomes a member of societv he does not therebv surrender to the State his nalienable human rights, for the State exists for the welfare of its ndividual citizens, not vice versa, as the Nazis hold Effective Law.

The legislators of Massachusetts, wishing to escape the effects of eugenic legislation in the other States and to avoid anv totalitarian invasion of sacred human rights, propose to deal with the main aspect of this problem in a reasonable manner \ measure is to be proposed in their legislature by which all persons who desire to marrv must submit to an examination to discover whether or not thev are suffering from a social disease After the findings have been made known to the couple, they will still be free to marry even though

such a disease is discovered in one or both Few untainted persons are likely to take the risks involved in marrying an infected partner so that this legislation should prove to be practically as effective as the other

But it would avoid the totalitarian usurpation of one of man's most fundamental rights by the transfer of this right to a medical bureau, and at the same time it would preserve the honourable medical profession from being converted into a soulless bureaucracy forced to exercise a tyrannical right over men's consciences which does not belong to it

NOVENA TO OUR LADY OF MT CARMEL

The novena in honour of Our Lady of Mount Carmel will commence at the Carmelite Monastery on Sunday, July 7, and continue until the Feast On the Feast of Our Lady of Mount Car mel, Tuesday, July 16, there will be the usual 7 o' lock Mass an« Solemn High Mass at 930 am

The Most Blessed Sacrament will be exposed throughout the day until 3 30 pm , when Rev Father H Lalor will deliver the occasional sermon Benediction of the Most Blessed Sacrament will follow, after which the relic of St Simon Stock will be venerated

From Monday, July 15, till the evening of July 16, the faithful may gain a plenary indulgence (on the usual conditions) as often as they visit the Carmelite Chapel

This indulgence is applicable to the souls in Purgatory

C B C , FREMANTLE, BAZAAR

BOXING

One of the chief functions arranged is the boxing tournamentattheCBC Ellen-street, Fremantle.on nextThursday, Friday, and Saturday nights, July 11 12 and 13 Tod Morgan and Dr Kenny will be the referees, and there will be over20 boutseach night

TENNIS.

\ mixed doubles handicap tennis tournament (entry 3s a pair) will be held on the four grass courts at CBC onJuly20 and 21; alsoboys'and girls' doubles under 16, Entry 2s a pair, with BrotherSeery before July 16

Bargains Fair Winter

Genuine Cork Linoleum_6' wide Fair 6/1ll yd.

,,, CARPETS - 5/- WEEKLY \ magnificent range of Carpets at Fair prices are available in our first floor show rooms All sizes, all styles, all colours,

BEDROOM SPECIAL

Aspecial Bedroom Suite attheFair is the "Morris," comprising double wardrobe, fittedlow oy,4ft 6in, bedtead and a 3ft 9in dressing table 3uy at the Fair for£16/17 6, on the plan 5 weeklv

DEBUTANTES

DEBUTANTES PRESENTED TO THE MAYOR OF FREMANTLE (MR F E GIBSON), AT THE NINTH ANNUALBALLOFST. JOSEPH'S CONVENT EX-STUDENTS, FREMANTLE

K

K

E

Dr. Rumble Attracts In America

Attention

Rev Dr L Rumble, M S C , of Australia radio fame, who left Sydney last March on a lecturing tour of the United States, has had extraordinary receptions

He is the guest of the Archbishop of St Paul, Most Rev Dr. Murray Dr Rumble's lectures have attracted widespread attention, and thousands of good Americans seem glad to listen to an Australian priest telling them about the sister continent of the South Seas Dr Rumble expects to produce another "Radio Reply" based upon his first book

To date, "Radio Replies" exceed a quarter of a million copies in the United States

Christian Front" Hoax in U S FEDERAL COURT ACQUITTAL.

Much publicised as it has been in news-paragraphs and filmshots, the prestige of Mr J Edgar Hoover, the strong-jawed head of the "G" men in the United States, will suffer by the acquittal by the Federal Court of that countrv of eleven members of the Christian Front" and the declaration of a mistrial in the case of the other accused

Thursday July 4, 1940

DOUBLE WEDDING. STOCKMEECHAM MILLERMEECHAM.

In the Collie Church morning, June 2 Rev officiated at a double

Miss Nan Meechan, elde • Mrs M McGowan, of War sn! s Collie was married to Mr yr1 s ofCollie youngestsonof Mr Stock, ot Pinjarra; and Miss Margaret (Peg Boyle Meechan , Mrs McGowan's youngest daughter,wasmarried to Mr JamesRobertMiller eldest son of Mrs. C Miller,ofJohnston-street,Collie The ceremony was celebrated with Nuptial Mass TheChildrenof Mary werepresent in regalia

MissNan Meechan lookedverysweet as she entered the church on the arm ofher uncle, Mr J Boyle, inhergown of rich cream satin fashioned with a softly draped high cowl neckline toppinga fitted bodice,the backof which was finishedwith tiny covered buttons from the neckline to the waist, Long tightlyfitted sleevesflared in adainty cuff over the hand, A blased skirt hung in deep folds accentuated by a slight bustle effect at the back of the waistline and falling into atrain Her head-gear was a deep semi-circlet of orange blossom framed by a pointed halo, holding in place the exquisite oval veil ofappliqued cream net She carried a softly shirred muff of satin, finished with sprays oforange blossom and from which was suspended a horseshoe Heronly jewellery was a string of pearls to match the creaminess of hergown.

Miss Peg Meechanenteredthechurch on the arm of her brother Mr D Meechan. Shemadean attractive figure in her bridal gown of ivory white satin embo: sed crepe, made on close fitting ines An upliftbodice set off the high neck line, which was caught at the back with small buttons Long shaped sleeves were worn to a peak overthehand A full ler t, p .nei plain satin wa: let in at the back of the frock and a suggestion of g: thering was carried out at the waistline, from where the panel fell into the full skirt which formed a train Satin roubeaux covered the fullness at the back of the wait Thegorgeous cream lace veil hung grcefully from a satin heart-shaped halo framing the face She carried asatin muff complete with orangeblossomand"horseshoe.''

REV DR RUMBLE

SMART MEN

During his absence the Question Box broadcast is being conducted from Station 2SM by Rev Dr Ryan, M S C t'

are taking advantage of the big

Our esteemed contemporary, America," long declared that those who had induced Hoover to ridiculous action in this case had "prodded him and his agents to turn comedian " The whole thing, as the Federal Court decision proves, was a hoax and a fiasco

But it had a sinister purpose-to bring Father Coughlin into disrepute It has ignominiously failed as we predicted it would

But what of the responsibility of those who let Mr Hoover in for this hoax? And of his own discreditable gullibility?

NOW OFFERING AT

Although the hoax ignominiously failed, it had a sinister purposeto bring the "Radio Priest" into disrepute

Messrs W, Hammond and S Erl carried out the duties of best men Mrs E Earl (the bride's sister) was matron of honour while Miss K Henderson was bridemaid Both were charmingly frocked in sea blue and cvclamen taffeta, respectively Made on similar lines, the frocks were designed with square necklines, finished with high scallops rising at the front from the fitted bodice Short puff sleeves were worn The wide flounced skirts stood out pictuersquely, setting off theshirred panels which were letin at the waist and fell t thehemline at thebackof the skirt Shirred ruffl were caught at the back o smart little pill-box hats, the crowns of which were adorned with contrasting shaded flowers. They carried shirred muffs to tone Two small trin-bearrs Lyla Ear and Gaynor Meechan (th brides nieces) wore Victorian tyle frocks of whitesatinwithsoftbodices, ·asedinto high waistlinesandtinyshortpuffsleeves. Buttons were worn down the back of the bodices, while full bustle skirts forming slight trains added to the "old world" appearance Shepherdess hats of tulle and flowerswere held in place by ribbons tying under the chin, After the ceremony several friend wre received at the home of Mrs S Earl, in Hughes-street, by Mrs. Mc Gowan, who was charmingly frocked in burgundy wool cloque finished with satin and relieved with gold Cross pin-tucks were featured on the bodice and sleeves A shaped coat, fashionably quilted was worn over the frock Black hat and accessories were worn and she carried a posy of wine roses She was assisted by Mrs Miller who wassmartlyattired inablack costume worn with an attractively designed hat and matching accessories A twotier cake, decorated with lattice work, sil verbirdsandsmall GoodLuck' horseshoes held the admiration of all present The top tier of the cake was decorated with an archway of horseshoes, doves and bells The wedding cakewasmade by Mr Stock (fatherof Mr Cvril Stock) The young couples left for Perth Mrs Stock travelled in a smart gre tailored suit with all grey accessories Sheworeachic roll-brimfelthat Mrs Miller chose chartreause wool boucle for her outfitrelieved with navy The frock was shaped to the figure and long sleeves were worn A yoke of navy which extended down the back of the bodice finished with two-tone buttons The skirtwasthe new "umbrella"' design She wore a heay' chartreuse bibnecklet, a legionnaire hatof the twoshades and navy acces sories

Thursday, July 4, 1940

Feast

Day

the THE RECORD of

Special Celebration at Cathedral

The Feast Day of the Holy Father was celebrated last Sunday In St Mary's Cathedral Solemn High Mass was celebrated at 11 o'clock, His Grace the Archbishop presiding The occasional sermon was preached by the Very Rev Father Dwyer, CSSR Te cathedral choir, conducted by the Rev A Lynch, sang Perosi's Missa Pontificalis No 2. In the evening His Grace the Archbishop again presided and gave Pontifical Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament The preacher was the Very Rev Father Haugh, O M I

Preaching on The Pope and the World," the Very Rev Father Haugh took as his text: "Simon, Simon, Satan hath desired to sift you as wheat, but I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not. And thou being converted, confirm thy brethren" (Luke xxii)

IT was just 15 months said Father Haugh, since they had assembled in that same Cathedral to celebrate the Coronation of Cardinal Pacelli as Pope Pius XII, and there was joy that there had been placed upon the rock-built throne a prelate who had won universal esteem in Europe and beyond the seas, for his scholarship, holiness and brilliant administrative achievements, and gratification at the tributes paid the Common Father of Christendom by leaders of men outside the f Id

The hope was expressed that the reign of the Sovereign Pontitf, so auspiciously begun would see realised in the world the idea emblazoned on his banner, "Opus justitiae pax''the aim of justice is peace But the tiara had hardly been placed upon his brow when the war clouds had gathered ominously over Europe The 'ope had done all in his power to avert a catastrophe He addressed himself t the leaders of nations, stressed the rights of individuals and peoples, denounced tyranny, absolutism and oppression, and finally called upon all to umite n prayer to the Prince of Peace, that the dark night of bloodshed and slaughter might be speedily followed by the full bright day of international justce and brotherly love

The Pope's attitude had won him the praise of men of all creeds in all parts of the world The bigotry of other days had been submerged, and the Roman Pont'ff was no longer spurned as a foreigner or a partisan, but respected by all re:sonable men

In the withering blizzard which sweeps over Europe today; while nations topple and civilisation is in the balance, the Pope remains at his post,"' said Father Haugh "And whatever be the outcome of the present struggle, the Papacy will remain as the rock upon which civilisation can securely build AIthough Pius XIi is virtually hemmed in to-day in his tiny Vatican State, yet he is the ruler of a spiritual empire more vast n extent than any which the might or wisdom of man ever established, and with an allegiance no leader of men ever aspired to, In the wildest dreams of dominton 350,000,000 Catholics, scat(ered over all ands, separated by diversity of climate, colour, custom and race, turn to him by the magnetism of irresistible faith; recognise in him the Vicar of Christ, and bow with loving docil ty to his spiritual supremacy"

This was the phenomenal fact ot past and present, continued the preacher It was the uniqueand unexampled beacon which shone through the moral and political chaos It was the living miracle which witnessed in this, as in every age, to the truth of the Catholic Church As St Paul had said, "It is the victory which overcometh the world;" it puzzled the scientist confounded the sectarian, silenced the unbeliever and compelled the honest enquirer to acknowledge in the unbroken dynasty of the Papacy something supernatural and divine This was the point to which he wished to draw attention, said the preacher-that the power, the perpetuity, and supremacy of the Papacy sprang from a supernatural fact and was due to the presence therein of a Divine Person. It was the teaching of the Church that there was within Her, and would be to the end of time the Holy Spirit of God, the Third Person of the Blessed Trinity, directing and animating her in Her apostolic mission as the witness, guardian and interpreter of all that God has revealed--that the Papacy is the organ through which that Divine Person speaks, and that this is the secret of its indestructible life and the source of its spiritual supremacy

Our Divine Lord promised to send His disciples another Paraclete, a Divine Person like Himself, to stay with them and be their guide and guardian forever The promise He spoke so lovingly on the eve of His Ascension was as emphatic as any that ever fell from His sacred lips It was treasured in the memorv and written by the pen of the Beloved Disciple

That promise was fulfilled, as we learn from the Acts of the Apostles, the Holy Ghost descended upon the Apostles and took the place of the Divine Master, whose Visible Presence had gone from them They were all filled with the Holy Spirit and were transformed into intrepid champions of the Gospel Thus Our Lord fulfilled His promise of a mystic union between Himself and His Church through the Holy Spirit-a union which would last to the consummation ofthe world

This conception of the Catholic Church as the mystical Body of Christ was the key to all the mysteries of our Holv Faith which perplexed the non-Catholic mind and solved the riddle of its prolonged and imperishable existence

The Church has been assailed by every form of error, had grappled with tyranny, passion and persecution, had passed through all forms of civilisation. Thrones had fallen, dvnasties had been extinguished, all things that ever sprang from the brains and hands of man had gone back to dust and ashes Only the Church remained fresh and vigorous, inde-

Holy

structible, unmarked by time She endured because she was founded on the Rock of Faith and was animated by the Spirit of God

But the Church was not merey an organisation animated by the Holy Spirit; she was the mouthpiece by which the Holy Spirit spoke to men This was the rock foundation on which the whole edifice of her sacred truth so securely rested Our Blessed Lord was so careful that His doctrines would remain forever intact, in the midst of clashing opinions and errors, that He guar- anteed to the head of His Church infallibility, that is, immunitv from the possibility of teaching error n the discharge of his supreme office

There was a saying among the ancient classics "that man needs God to be his teacher" This necessity for an infallible guide in matters of religion was never more apparent than to-day, and this had drawn the great and earnest thinkers of modern times to the Catholic Church Therefore it was that men who had been tossed to and fro on the stormy sea of error, looking in vain for an unerring chart to guide them, were turning in their thousands to this polar star of faith, steady and unchanging, to direct them securely to their eternal destiny

Thev find that the Papacy has within it the same Divine Person who inspired the evengelists towriteand the apostles to preach the Gospel It is the mouthpiece of the same identical Church which listened to Jesus Christ in Samaria and Galilee-which travelled with the apostles to Jew and Gentile world; heard Paul preach at Athens and Peter in Rome: saw Jerusalem razed to the ground and the city of the Caesars perish; which went down into the Catacombs to suffer and came forth again victorious to civilise and Christianise the barbarians; which fought heresies, schisms and despots in the Middle Ages; passed unscathed through the Reformation and the revolutions ever since, and is today the only authentic witness to the truths of Revelation, their growth and development throughout the ages; and which speaks with nfallible certainty through the lips of Pins XII as t spoke through Peter to the Elamites and Parthians 2,000 years ago Yes the more men study the Catholic Church, the more will thev be impressed by her immortal constitution For thev will find therein man's one hope of emancipation from the slavery of error-the one condition on which he can have a reasonable faith in

ELEVEN

Father

the supernatural truths of Revealed Religion

Our thoughts and sympathies goout to-day to our Holy Father, t'ope Pius II, as he looks with aching heart over war-riven Europe,'' concluded the preacher "Well does he see that the chaos bloodshed and suffering have been brought about by the ignoring oi God's laws and the violation of Christian principles But as the Vicar of a Merciful Saviour, he upholds his hands in prayer for all, in whatever camp they battle, that hostilities may soon be Droughtto an end; that order mav emerge from chaos, and a lasting peace be restored to all nations and peoples

With our Sovereign Pontiff we pray that the sufferings of the present hour may be the means of turning men's hearts irrevocably to God; and rising above political discords and warrihg creeds, may those who have wandered be brought back again to the onl true brotherhood-in one fold and under one shepherd, the Vicar of Jesus Christ "

STUDENTS BOMBED FIVE TIMES DURING FLIGHT

Nine Irish students, Missionaries of the Sacred Heart, recently arrived in Dublin from their novitiate house at GerdingenBree, on the Albert Canal in Belgium They said they had been bombed five times during their flight They had had to walk half way across Belgium One bomb fell only 50 yards away from their ship at Ostend. Another student a Carmelite, was arrested at Ostend on suspicion of being a German parachutist He was released after being vouched for by the British Embassy

Other refugees included Rev Michael MacDonough, SJ, professor of the Jesuit College of St John Berchmans in Louvain, and Norbertines of the famous 800year-old abbey at Tongerloo

Students from Tongerloo Abbey said that their frst warning of the approach of war was when fifty German planes began bombing the district at 5 am. on Sunday, May 12 At that time the community was singing Matins and Lauds Within half an hour they were on the road. They left behind them Abbot Stalmans C R P , who refused to leave The Abbey's artistic treasures were hastily concealed in the vaults before thev went Tongerloo Abbey, which housed a community of 120 priests and students, is the most famous of Flanders' monasteries

Vatican Denial of Rumours

The "Osservatore Romano" published on May 24 the followg denial of rumours which have een current in manv countries "The 'Neue Zurcker Zeitung' of May 20 published the following report from Rome: The Holy See has sent to all the diplomatic representatives of the various countries with which it is in diplomatic relations a circular to deny categorically the tendentious rumours in wide circulation recently concerning the Pontiff's and the Holy See's abandoning of Rome and Italy

Pius XII, in all circumstances has decided to remain at his post in the See which God has assigned to the head of Christendom The circular confirms also that the relations between the Holy See and Italy have not undergone any change and that isolated incidents which have been greatly exaggerated have no importance and their effect has been almost nil

"We must state," says the Osservatore Romano," "that no part of this report comes from the Vatican It is wholly fantastic ""

Official Organ of the Archdiocese ot Perth

Established 1874.

THE RECORD

TELEPHONE: B9141

Address all communications to the Editor, Box A85, GPO, Perth

PERTH THURSDAY, JULY 4, 1940

&Australia's Future

There is pause in Europe while Britain prepares for the life and death struggle that lies immediately before her We in the far antipodes have our eyes and our hearts focussed on the distant scene, for we are of British stock and our soldiers will be in the van of those defending the British front Britain's fate will profound1y affect the future of our nation, since we are a component part of her Empire But the Imperial relationship for Australia has become increasingly difficult and it is lamentable but true that our interest in Europe and its affairs has been engrossing to the pont of almost excluding the changing aspect of the Pacific and our own vital national interests It is only during the past fortnight, through the sudden activity of Japan and the patent unpreparedness of the United States of America, that we have been shocked into a vivid realisation of the isolation of our nation in the face O an imminent danger; and it was very little earlier, apparently, that the prospect struck home in the Federal Parliament causing it to turn vigorously to the question of home defence Hitherto, our notions of self-preservation have centred vaguely and smugly about the British Fleet and Britain's sea-supremacy, but whatever the outcome of the struggle abroad this is a factor we can no longer consider in our own regard

The Pacific of the future will be a sphere of influence apart firom Europe, and one in which Japan will be at once the dominant and incalculable factor The European war has shown America her own internal weakness and the impracticability (even were she willing) of playing a vital role in the immediate future of the Pacific Australia is then thrown back on her own resources and there is approximate likelihood of her northern line of defence passing into the hands of a potential enemy As a member of the British Commonwealth of Nations she has hitherto been bound up with a system of preferential nternational trade to the exclusion of Japan, which is at once a natural and obvious market, and into whose leg! timate sphere of influence we fall geographically Furthermore we have great natural resources of iron which the Federal Government has inexplicably disdained to develop and refused perm1ss1on to others to do so. Thanks to birth prevention, we have a meagre population and a dwindling birth rate Now any scheme of defence demands man power Supposing Japan commences a policy of southern expansion, we might reasonably anticipate being the last victim of her attentions, for in addition to our geographical position, Australia is in some sense of little attraction to an industrial nation. This means that our national destiny, if there is to be one, must be worked out in the next ten vears, or at the most ithin a generation

His Lordship the Bishop of Geraldton, Most Rev Dr O'Collins, accompanied by Rt Rev Monsignor Irwin, is visiting the city for a few days, and is the guest of His Grace the Archbishop

His Grace the Archbishop announces the following clerical appointments: Very Rev. Dean Reidy (Northam), to be Parish Priest of West Perth Rev F Kearnan tManjimup), to be Parish Priest of Guildford Rev P Duffy (locum tenens of Dardanup) t be arish Priest oi Manjimup --------

ARCHBISHOP'S ENGAGEMENTS.

July 7: Confirmation and Canonical Visitation at Kalamunda and Lesmurdie

July 16: Preside_at Solemn High Mass at Carmelite Monastery, Nedlands-

UARANT ORE

JULY

Sunday 1st St, Patrick's, Havelock-street, and Lesmurdie· One Day of Exposition 2nd St Brigid's West Perth: Forty Hours' Prayer (12th14th) 3rd Toodyay and Learoyd-street: One Day of Exposition 4th Busselton· One Day of Exposltion

DIOCESAN HYMN CARD

The Diocesan Hymn Card, which has been compiled for the use of congregations and schools, etc , at Benediction, is now ready, and obtainable at "The Record'' office at 1,'9 per dozen (plus postage) The accompaniments are also prepared, but are not bound and are only suitable for pasting into an exercise book The cost is 2/6 per set Each church would need two sets, one for the organist and one for the person in charge of the singing

July 21: Confirmation and Canonical Visitation at St Joachim's, Victoria Park

July 28: Confirmation and Canonical Visitation at St Joseph's 'hurch, Kellerberrin.

July 31: Celebrate Pontifical High Mass at the Convent of the Good Shepherd Leederville

August 18: Confirmation and Canonical Visitation at St Joseph's Church Northam

August 25: Confirmation and anonical Visitation at St Mary's Church, Merredin '

eptember 1: Bless new Hospital f St John of God, Bunbury, eptember 6: Confirmation ·hildren attending Religious Holiday School Narrogin

September 8: Bless new Church ot St Teresa Corrigin Confirmation and Canonia, Visitation at Sacred Heart 'hu Kondinin

September 15: Confirmation at St. Ter esa's Church-School, Gwelup September 22: Confirmation und Jannical Visitation, at St John's Church T· dyay

K B S SILVER JUBILEE

Campion House, Osterley, the clerical study house for late voca tions, founded by the famous Rev Edmund Lester, 5.J , was the scene of the celebrations on Sun day, June 2, marking the silver jubilee oi the K B S Crusade which has a membership of three millions spread all over the world Archbishop Godfrey, the \postolic Delegate, was among the clergy and laity who walked in a procession of the Blessed Sacrament through the grounds

Can Australia in this brief span increase her man power and her armaments to an extent capable of deterring an aggressor? We cannot by natural increase do so in the time and a policy of wholesale immigration has unthinkable difficulties Our present social system cannot absorb our own native population, and even could our domestic economy be so adjusted as to absorb adequately a large foreign influx, such migrants would be of little use for at least two generations Our sole hope, then, seems to repose in the expansion of our population from purely British stock Without man power we cannot make formidable armaments gain, with over half our population in six cities (and over a third in two of these), Australia is particularly vulnerable The position then is desperate, but not impossible It will, however, demand resolute and immediate action We will need a form of government clear on the issues at stake and able to act with decision and speed The collapse of the capitalist economy, which is now finally assured, may mean in Australia one of three thingsan attempt on the part of the moneyed interests to preserve the status quo by the estabfishment of a servile state, made possible by the continuance of the National Security Act; again there may be an attempt by the Left Wing elements to seize control; or finally, there may be an attempt at reconstruction on the lines of functional democracy as outlined by the Popes This latter solution alone can save Australia, and t + a£ uar it mav receive a hearing

The collection contains five hvmns to the Blessed Sacrament, three to the Sacred Heart, three in honour of the Holy Name, four to Our Blessed Lady, five for various times of the year, a hymn of repentance ("God of Mercy and Compassion"), Faith of Our Fathers," hymns in honour of St Joseph, St Teresa and the Holy Father, the Latin Benediction hvmns, and the Stabat Mater

These hvmns should be sufficient for allgeneral purposes

Choirs, etc , may of course, use hymns from other approved hymnals

Owing to the interruption of the printing of the new Westminster Hymnal because of the war, the following older hymnals are approved for the time being: The old Westminster Hvmnal, Cantate Domino, by V G L , and "Catholic Hymns'' (Tozer) Hymns from anv other collection or from manuscript may not be used in any church or chapel, nor by sodalities, except they have been submitted for approval to the Diocesan Director of Sacred Music (Vide Diocesan Church Music Regulations ) The Hymn Card, it is hoped, will supply a long-felt need, and will, through its use in all our colleges, schools and churches, ensure uniformity and good congregational singing throughout the Archdiocese

Thursday, July 4, 1940 July: Fiiiay, 5: SH H S, Highgate,, Ang" Entertainment, His Majesty's Theatre Bridge Party, CBC., Fremantle. Thursday, 11: Threenight Boxing To' nament, CBC., Fremantle Friday, 19: Newman Ball, Karrakatta Club HAC.BS inter-branch Social an Dance, Oddfellows' Hall, 8 p.mMonday, 22: Subiaco Parish Ball, ' Joseph's Hall, 8.30 pm el Wednesday,24: CBC Ball, Freman!° Town Hall Thursday, 25: Children's Bal, Frema" tle Town Hall (Mention in this column will be m?"" only of those functions advertised e" where in this issue) WarWork. The executive wishes to thank all those who helped with the soldiers' can· teen on Friday June 28, when members of the AIF were entertained The few helpers were kept very busy in attending to some 450 soldiers who visit ed the rooms The League's next d@Y at the canteen at Barrack-street will be on Friday, July 26 and all those willing to help are asked to notify the secret arv of the League Patriotic Concert, A patriotic concert, in aid of the citizens' reception to soldiers fund, will beheld in the Capitol Theatre_on Wednesday July 10, at 8 pm Tickets ar 2s each, and may be had from the executive of the CW L Bridge and Rummy Evening A bridge and rummy evening, t raise funds for the furnishing of_th" League's new rooms will be held 1 the Stirling Social Rooms, corner o' Hav and Milligan Streets, on Tuesday next, July 9, at 8 pm Ticket° are 2s each A good attendance is e pected

How do troops at Northam spend their spare

TROUPS in camp at Northam start their day early

So much must be learnt by the modern soldier before he can be considered fully trained Every minute of the day is valuable as a means of imparting to the recruit the use of weapons, squad drill, musketry practice, and the hundred and one items in the training of a modern army. Physical activity is also a necessity to harden the soldier to long marches and 1ong hours of movement Organised games and route marches both figure in the weekly routine

The success of the methods employed in training the modern soldier at Northam may be partly guaged by the smart manner in which A I F men from W A have turned out in parades in Perth.

LEISURE.

But a soldier's life is not all work, and provision must also be made for leisure hours for trops in camp Adequate facilities are necessary for reading, writing, the playing of various indoor games, access to radio, etc This phase of camp life is catered for by various bodies of a public type who provide halls suitable for the purpose and conduct them for the general comfort and welfare of the men

Foremost in this work at the Northam A.I.F. Camp is the Catholic Welfare Organisation

This body has, with the generous assistance of the Catholic people of W A , erected a fine building at the camp, where all the facilities for the entertainment of soldiers are readily available Ever since the doors of the CWO hall were opened, soldiers in camp have availed themselves of the service offered Up to 1,000 letters per week are written in the hall Games of all description are played there A radio is about to be installed During the winter months a great log fire burns in the oversize fireplace provided n the hall. These surroundings are very welcome to the recruit when the dav's work is cver

The chief job of work at resent s to keep this fire burning continuously and to provide a continuous supply of writing and reading matter, provide a permanent attendant at the hall, and to keep pace with the many and varied necessities for troops from time to time

at a yearly subscription of ls This is the only appeal that will be conducted by the C W 0

The cost of Is per year is low, but it is considered that the response each year, during the war period, will be sufficient to meet running expenses Readers are earnestly invited to co-operate in this patriotic and national work by becoming a member of the CW O Membership tickets will be available to all in a few weeks' time at your Church loin the ranks of the C W O and help to keep the home fires burning!

Watch out for CW O representatives at your parish church Cash donations or gifts of reading material will be gratefully acknowledged f forwarded to the Church Office Victoria Square

A Chinese Priest in Perth

An Interview with Fr. Joseph Liu

CAPTURED BY BANDITS

The CW O relies solely for its upkeep on the generous assistance of the Catholic laity This has been effective to date in providing the greatest necessity, the hall itself And now, with a view to ensuring the continued service to troops, it has been decided to open up membership to every person desiring to do his or her bit in this important work

The C W O therefore invites membership of the organisation

C.W.0. APPEAL

Amount to July 3, already acknow edged £545 19 6

Additional Donations-

Parochial collection, Brookton

Boans Staff Patriotic Fund

P R Jackson

Osborne Park RSL Ladie'

Comfort Fund

Dudlev and Dwyer, Ltd

Mrs C Cripps

scot

Loreto Past Pupils' Assn

Boans Staff Patriotic Fund

(second donation) • · Northam Patriotic Funds

Committee

The Tripoly Club

An interesting visitor to Perth is the Rev. Father Joseph Liu, a Chinese missionary, who is at present staying at the Redemptorist Monastery, North Perth

Father Liu, in an interview with a representative of "The Record" during the week, spoke of the culture and disposition of the Chinese in such a way as to make it apparent that if ever a country was "ripe to the harvest'' it is China The great necessity is for more native priests and religious In China to-day there are 3,000,000 Catholics, said Father Liu There are 30 bishops, 2,000 native priests, 300 native sisters, and 7,000 seminarians The figures are impressive, but they represent a minute proportion oi China's teeming population ot 500,000000 China's ancient civilisation was based on the observance of the natural law, said Father Liu, thus giving her people a good disposition for the reception of Catholic doctrine 5Such offences against the natural law as contraception were repugnant to the Chinese, and the Chinese women understood the virtue of modesty and practised it at all times

It was, of course, much easier for their own countrymen to convert them than for white people because, being pagans, they did not understand that a person would leave the country where he was born and where his parents lived in order to do good to others They imagined that a white person who did so must have some ulterior motive, possibly that of spying

Father Liu has been a priest for 28 vears and during that time, except for the past four years, he has worked as a missionary among his own people Four vears ago he was sent by the Apostolic Delegate in China to visit England, Canada, America, Ireland and European countries in the interests of the missions Circumstances in China at present have greatly increased the difficulties of missionary work Churches and schools are occupied by refugees or are in total rins The continual mig:t1on of hosts of penniless natives has stripped the Catholic missions of all means even for the livelihood of their priests

Father Liu is a fluent linguist and in addition to his native ton gue speaks English, Latin, Italian, Spanish and French Among his experiences, Father Liu relate that in 1934 he was captured bv bandits and held to ransom He was travelling to his mission at Chaumatien, and when near the Hupeh-Kiansi boundary his small party, which included a number of soldiers, was accosted bv the bandits The soldiers fled and Father Liu was taken prisoner and carried into the mountains The bandits began by demanding a ransom equal to £9,000

I told them,"said Father Liu, "that I was only a poor priest, and that I could not afford to give them anything The sum demanded was gradually reduced until at last thev let me go after accepting my solemn promise that I would send them some stocks of medicine I sent them £50 worth, but some time later l received a demand for a much greater supply I did not comply with it but continued my work"

Father Liu was not easily persuaded to speak of the political situation His task was a spiritual one he said, and it was not his practice to express opinions on political affairs He gave several facts, however, that might prove interesting.

Firstly, he said, it was not believed in China that the Japanese had ever had any intention of endeavouring to conquer the whole of China, but were merely after three or four provinces The task they had set themselves they had imagined would be eas; but thev had been mistaken as subsequent events had demonstrated To conquer China's millions would be impossible Father Liu was personally acquainted with Chiang Kai-Shek, and considered him a man of fine qualities and a great leader He had

a broad outlook and though n of the Catholic faith he encour aged the work the Church was doing in China Father Liu contradicted the idea that Communism was rampant in China The Communists were confined to the brigands bandits and unemployed elements and all of these were well under the control of Chiang Kai-Shek At one time Father Liu was rector of a seminary for native priests He will remain in Perth for a iew days only

Parcels of clothing ior the S:city cf St Vincent de Paul may be left at this office for collection

Messrs William, Eric and Aubrey Wood desire to inform the public that thev have resumed at their old address 126 Adelaide Terrace, known for man vears as "Wood Bros ' Service Station Wood Bros will specialise in the sal of ew and used cars at both the above address and their Victoria Park branch known as "Causeway Car Sales' Garage Car buvers and sellers are advised to consult Wood Bros, who are specialists in the automobile trade

Turning the Other Cheek

By REV LEWIS WATT, SJ FOURTEEN

M\NY of our readers must have come across the so-called "Christian pacifist''; which ought to mean the Christian who rejects the idea that the bellicosity of men should be encouraged ecause war is such a great and noble thing, but which too oiten means one who believes that Christianitv condemns all wars whatever their motives Normally his belief is founded upon his interpretation of certain passages in the Sermon on the Mount

"You have heard that it hath been said, An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth; but I sav to you not to resist evil; but if one strike thee on the right cheek ? + turn to him also the other: and if a man will contend with thee in judgement and take away thy coat, let go thy cloak also unto him Ind whosoever will force thee one mile, go with him another two " (Matt v 38-41 )

A similar passage occurs in the Gospel of St Luke (vi 27-29), where the Evangelist may be alluding to t Sermon on the Mount or perhaps referring to some other occasion of Our Lord's ministrv:

"Love your enemies, do good to them that hate vou Bless them that curse you, and pray for them that calumniate you And to him that striketh vou on the one cheek, offer also the other Ind him that taketh awav from thee thy cloak, forbid not to take thv coat also "

As was His custom, Our Lord put His teaching into concrete examples, knowing well that his audience was not accustomed to thinking in terms of abstract and general principles But we may well agree with the "Christian pacifist" that the words seem to mean that unjust aggression -hould never be resisted; indeed, hat we should go further and confer benefits on unjust aggres rs

Now, as Catholics, we are at once faced with the difficulty that the Church has always permitted her theologians to teach that man has a right to defend himsel against unjust aggression, and to aid »thers who are being unjustly attacked. She blesses the stanlards of Christian armies and the swords of Christian knights She has never objected to the courts of aw which the State sets up to defend individuals and the community from wrongful attack She has never mposed upon her children the obligation of submitting to every kind of unjust aggression, even f her tradition favours, as a matter of perfection, the patient (and if possible joyiul) bearing of njuries and humiiations

The great majority of Protestants also refuse to admit that the Christian has a dutv of non-resistance to wrongdoing, though some of the explanations they put forward of the Sermon on the Mount are unsatisfactorv Some ave said that it was ntended only for the disciples, and not for the multitude Against this, we have St Paul telling the Corinthian Christians rather to let themselves e defrauded than go erned by the teaching of Christ to law with each other (I Cor vi, 7); nor does the Sermon on the Mount tself suggest that ts application is limited to the disciples Others have taken the line that commonsense forbids us to take the command to turn the

other cheek literally Perhaps it does, but we would like some proof of the fact We are om1y too familiar with the old obiection to the literal nterpretation of the words "This is My Boay," viz , that they are against commonsense The est attempt at a proof that the present writer has seen was made by an ei@fteenth century theologian (a Catholie) who argued that God, Who gave man a social nature and destined him to live in society, cannot have commanded him to make a social life impossible y giving a free hand to criminals and wrongdoers The trouble about this argument s that the "Christian pacifist" may think Tolstoy right n believing that the best way to convert criminals and wrongdoers is not to resist them

If he believes this, then naturally the proof means nothing to him

Let us approach the difficult from another point of view

Let us consider how Our Lord and His Apostles acted in circumstances which, f the texts quoted above are to e taken literallv, demanded non-resistance to evildoing Our ord actually sufered that blow on the cheek mentioned in the Sermon on the Mount when He was haled as a prisoner before Annas; but He did not turn the other cheek He quietly protested (Jo xviii, 23) He ejected the buyers and the sellers from the Temple, and He never hesitated to administer severe rebukes when circumstances called for them (to His disciples to the Pharisees, to Herod) The apparent inconsistency between His words about non-resistance and His own conduct is such as to make ewish critics accuse Him of violating His own teaching We shall conclude rather that His conduct shows His words were not meant to be taken without qualification

St Paul too was struck in the face and protested (Acts xxiii, 2-5) When unjustly condemned in a court of law, he mmediately appealed to the Roman Emperor (Acts xxv II) He pleaded his Roman citizenship to avoid being scourged Are we to say that St aul did not understand the teaching of the Sermon on the Mount? (To sav that out of fear he abandoned Christ's teaching is to show a complete ignorance of his character and history ) id

St Peter misunderstand Christ's teaching when he punished so severely the wrongdoing of Ananias and Saphira (Acts v, 1-10)?

The conduct of Christ and His apostles shows clearly that the "Christian pacifist" has not seizcl the real meaning of Christ's doctrine of non-resistance to evil

He himself has to introduce some qualification to the words "Resist not evil," for he cannot believe for a moment that Our Lord does not wish us to resist moral evil, e , sin He has therefore to limit the words to physical evil, espee1atty of course violence unjustly used He is unconsciously putting his own interpretation on the text, always an unsafe thing to do This is the principle of private judgement in religious doctrine, which the Church rejects There is a clear Catholic tradition about the true meaning of Our Lord's words It is explained by St Augustine in his treatise on the Sermon on the Mount, and by St Thomas Aquinas According to this Ca-

The "Dark Ages" in Japan

By JOSCELYNE LECHMERE,

CTUHEl, 13, 1939, �aw

Oa commemoration in Japan's island of Kyushu which recalled to the Catholic world the start of that epic drama which was finally to close Nippon for missionary effort for more than three centuries

On that day a Japanese Bishop, Monsignor Yagamuchi, sang Pontifical High Mass in the presence ot a concourse of the faithful gathered from all parts of his native land

The four days' celebration included a re-enactment of the ha Dolorosa trodden bv twentv-six confessors to their Calvary on the heights dominating the city

Amongst the actors on this occasion were lineal descendants of the Christians evangelised by Spain's great Apostle in the Indies, St Francis Xavier No more beautiful spot could have been chosen for this celebration than the picturesque town seated on one of the world's most beautiful harbours, dotted with green islets on calm waters glintng and shimmering under an autumn sun.

Martyrs Thrown From Cliff Yet there is one point of the landscape which strikes a frowning note, the steep escarpment of the high cliff known to foreigners as Pappenberg, from which in the latter stages of Japan's battle against a proscribed religion, thousands of men, women and tender children were flung headlong

In the attempt to stamp out all vestiges of Christianity no means were neglected by Japan's rulers

The ingenuity of persecutors knew no limits, and their refinement of torture surpassed, in cruelty, even the persecutions initiated by Roman Emperors Yet in God's Providence when the fall of the Shogundte in 1864 dissipated those dark clouds which had for three hundred years enveloped Japan, it was found that in Kyushu, once the stronghold of Christianity in Japan there still persisted a living trace of the Catholic Faith despite all Imperial enactments

When the present church was opened at Nagasaki the priest in charge was approached by certain Japanese whom he had noticed to be viewing the interior with extraordinarv nterest "Secret" Catholics For Centuries His visitors enquired, with a prudence possibly due to the arrival in Japan of non-Catholic ministers, whether he offered veneration to the Mother of God, if he believed in the Papal supremacy, and finally whether he was a celibate

tholic tradition, Our Lord is pressing home His central teachng of charity by vivid examples He is attacking above all the spirit of revenge, to act from which is a sin He is not forbidding us to oppose breaches of God's Law, such as acts of unjus tified violence There may be a duty to punish an offender, as Christ reminds us in His instructions about our treatment of one who offends against us (Matt viii, 15-17)

In conclusion, it may be added that under certain circumstances it is spiritually more perfect though not a strict duty) to tolerate injuries in union with Christ Crucified than to vindicate our rights

Satisfied on these points they disclosed the fact that they be longed to one of many families which had for three centuries been secretly Catholic, having een handed down the tradition ot their persecuted ancestor and had kept the Faith although deprived of all Sacraments save the essential one ofi Holy Batrsm To this day a special service of thanksgiving commemorating the "Finding of the Christians' is annually observed in the diocese of Nagasaki

The twenty-six martyrs to be commemorated include certain Spanish Franciscan Friars from the Philippines, a Jesuit Father and two novices, twelve laymen and several children The martyrdom of this little band of Christians took place before a large multitude which marvelled at the extraordinary courage and fortitude of all, not excepting the children ' Their joyful demeanour was that of persons attending on the occasion of a festal celebration Bound to crosses thev were despatched by a single spear thrust Japan Becomes a Closed Country The canonisation of these martyrs took place during the Pontificate of Urban VIHI, their feast eing kept on Februarv 3 This persecution was but the first of many, and finally Japan was closed to all foreigners, although communication continued with Dutch traders who were not ashamed to trample on the plaaues representing Our Crucified Lord and His Mother which were offered to Japanese suspected of Christianity

Specimens of these plaques have been preserved and can be seen in the Nagasaki museum

Pinjarra

MASS TIMETABLE

July 7 Pinjarra, 8 a m , North Dan dalup, I0 a.m July 4: Serpentine, 9 a.m Jarrah dale, 10 a.m July 2I Mandurah 8 a m Pinjarra, 10 a.m July 28· No 2 Mil, 8 a m. Dwet lingup, 10 a m

REFUGEES IN ENGLAND MOSTLY

CATHOLIC

London

As in the last war, Catholic authorities are actively helping the civil authority in the matter of Dutch and Belgian refugees, the greater number of whom are Catholics At the request of the Cardinal and the Bishops, parish meetings have been called to a1 range for the distribution of (atholic refugees among the parishioners' homes and Catholics have been appointed to local committees to see that this is done

0e-«0«00-0000e00of

Racing Selections

By 'The Hawk"

CANNING PARK (Acceptances)

(Before Acceptances)

Maiden Race: Yedrion 1; Prince Yodelist, 2; Capriole, 3 Breeders' Handicap: Castanea, 1; Verilate, 2; Momalong, 3 Canning Purse: Apt, 1; Amatol, 2; Amplaid, 3 Maddington Handicap: Goldcyan, 1; Inchaking 2; Silvarra, 3, Welter Handicap: Agrionette, 1; Charming Wave, 2; Mylopia, 3 Canning Purse: Gay Sally, 1; Gold Tips. 2; Pridanus, 3

Thursday, July 4, 1940

36 PIERSTREET

Recent Purchases

Fiction: William McDowell: 'Roughanapes

Georgette Heyer "The Spanish Bride

Phyllis Bentley: "Take Courage"

Humfrey Jordan The Commander Shall.'

P Williams· 'Mask ofMidnight."

Alan Gould: 'The Viaduct."

I B Priestly "Let the Peple Sing.'

Biography:

A A Milne· "Its Too Late Now "

Collie Knox It Might Have Been You."

ohn Masefield "Live and Kiking · Ned"

Lovat Dickson: "Half Breed"

Political and Social:

Philip Gibbs. Broken Pledges'

Douglas Reed: "Disgrace Abounding'

Leon Ferchtwarger: "Paris Gazette"

City Rates,

1 Book for 12 months 12/6

2 Books for 12 months £1

3 Books for 12 months EI Ts 6d

1 Book for six months Is 6d

2 Books for six months 12s 6d

3 Books for six months 15s Country Rates

2 Books for 12 months £I 15s

3 Books for 12 months £2 5s

4 Books for 12 months £2 10s

We pay freight one way Readers are supplied so that they have reading matter all the time

REVIEW

"Roughanapes," by William McDowell

Sir Philip Gibb' summing up o this book is as true and accurate as any review could be "Roughanapes has the value of renlity and no one who reads it can doubt that its author is writing direct from life and is soaked n the atmosphere and detail of the great ship-building yard at 'Garrow' before, during and after the war To reader· who want quick sensation nd asy reading is background may seem grim and unexciting, but s lso was the background of Dr Crnin's book The Stars Look Down!' It senes and characters are drawn with as sure touch and the author of this first novel has in my opinion very promising quality as a literarv artist His knowledgeof ship° building mnd engineering has enabled him with these gifts to write a novel outside the range of the average novelist In my judgment it is quite noteworthy as a picture of English life"

The book is the life of a boy born and brought up in a ship's supply store

The son of an unrecognised genius, he s himself a genius In spite of a natural bentfor painting he takes his place in the engineering section of a shipbuilding yard in England, serves his country during the war in that capacity and suffers severely in an ammunition explosion After the war he loses his job in the yard as a result of the failure of one of his inventions owing to an error in calculation His subsequent wanderings take him round the world to culminate in his happy union with a girl whom he had seen in his early youth, and to find that in his absence his invention has proved a success and that he is a wealthv man

J J OM

The Societyof St Vincent de Paul isurgently in needofleft-off clothing to supply thewantsofthe distressed Parcels may be left at the Western Stove Co., corner Wellington and Queen-streets, or ring B6307 and they will be collected.

Chesterton Club

Meetings Arranged, Wednesday, July 17: Mr M F Cavanagh, FRIB A London), will deliver a lecture on St Mary's Cathedral Perth Mr Cavanagh was the architect for our beautiful Cathedral, and members of; the Chesterton Club should not fail to take the opportunity to hear the architect deribing an architectural gem

Harvey

MASS TIME TABLE

June 30: Larvey, 8 am; Yarloop, I0 am July I Waroona 830 am Harvey 10 am July 14 Yarloop. 8 am , Harvey, 10 a.m July 2I Harvey am; Waroona 10 m July 28: Harvey, 8 am; Yarloop, 10 am August 4· Waroona 8.30 am Har vey, I0 a.m August I1 Yarloop, 8 am Harvey, 10 am August 15 (Feast of Assumption of B V M ): Harvey, 8 am August 18: Waroona, 830 a.m; Harvey, 10 am August 25: Yarloop, 8 am Harvey, 10 am

WAGIN

MASS TIME-TABLE

July 7: Wagin, 8 am; Wedgecarrup, 10 a.m July 14 Wagin, 8 am.: Dumbleyung, 10 am July 21· Kukerin, 9 am: Lake Grace, 11 a.m July 28: Dumbleyung, 9 am; Wagin, 11 am August 4 Wagin, 8 am Wedgecarrup 10 am August 1: Kukerin 9 am: Dumbleyung, I1 am August 18: Newdegate, 9 am; Lake Grace 11 am August 25: Dumbleyung 9 am: Wagin, 11 a.m September 1: Wagin, 8 a m : Wede carrup, 10 a.m September 8: Wagin,8am: Dumbleyung 10 am September 15: Kukerin 9 am: Lake Grace, 10 am, September 22: Dumbleyung, 9 am: Wagin, 11 am September 29: Wagin 8 am Dumblevung, 10 am

NARROGIN

MASS TIME TABLE.

July 7: Narrogin, 8 am; Yealering 11 am July 14 Narrogin, 8 am Wickepin, 9.30 am July 21 Narrogin 8 am Marling 10.30 am Jul 28: Williams, 8.30 am : Narrogin 1030 a m

Any subscriber whose paper is not delivered by Saturday at the latest, is asked to communicate immediately with this office

Religious Revolution

Many Conversions From Protestantism

The census returns of religion ssued recently by the Department of Industrv and Commerce Dublin help to reveal, in part, the silent, but powerful, religious revolution that has taken, and is taking, place n Ireland in recent years, reports the Duonn correspondent of the "Catholic Times' Between 1926 and 1936 the total population of the country decreased by 0.1 per cent, but during that same period the number of Catholics increased by 22,651, or 0 8 per cent, and the non-Catholic population declined 26.223 or 11.9 per cent

To read these figures rightly, it is necessarv to understand that the emigrants from Ireland come almost entirelv from the Catholic section of the population. Our non-Catholic fellow countrymen control, for the most part, the majority of our banking and insurance, and the big manufacturing and commercial companies; these, in turn, ensure large employment for non-Catholic professional men, such as doctors, lawyers, solicitors, accountants, etc In addition, the majority of the large land-owning class is non-Catholie

All this means that unemployment is really non-existent among our non-Catholic countrymen; consequently, economic circumstances do not force our nonCatholics to emigrate

How, then, does it come about that, in spite of the total decrease n the population, the Catholic section has increased and the nonCatholic section decreased? The answer is that the large number of conversions to the Church (rom the Protestant population has more than counter-balanced the large Catholic loss through migration

Other information n the census returns reveals that the proportion of Catholics to the total population rose to 934 in 1936, as compared with 92 6 per cent jn 1926 During that same period the Munster town areas lost nearly one-quarter of their Protestant population

These figures are consoling to any lover the Church; but still more consoling should be the knowledge that the rate of conversion from the ranks of Irish Protestantism is still increasing

If these conversions continue at even the present rate, the Irish Protestant Church as now organised will have disappeared within twenty-five years

The conversions are all t/ more remarkable because there 1s no organised or direct effort made to bring Protestants back to the Church These great graces come indirectly through the daily attendance at Holy Mass of scores of thousands of Catholic people and the sincereeffort made bv them to live the Mass in their daily lives "It is the Mass that matters"

Increase

Maintaining your girls and boys at schools or colleges for several vears costs more than most people can really afford Unless you can keep it up till they qualify in some profession the time and money are wasted

By enrolling them for our course of Secretarial and Business Training you have their education finished off in a practical_way They qualify in business subjects and on graduating get a Gold Efficiency Badge and a first appointment through our own private bureau With experience they are by 18 or so, occupying_responsible posts at good salaries and have excellent opportunitiesofenjoying successful business careers

Our graduates get 3 months practical experience in our own extensive offices Country students may take a combined postal and personal at tendance course at reduced rates

New students should be enrolled as soon as possible get our free "Guide to Business Training'no obligation

713-21 Hay Street, Perth

"Times" Pays Tribute to Salazarl

"PORTUGAL'S EXAMPLE A GUIDING LIGHT FOR EUROPE AFTER THE WAR "

TliE "Time:-.,· London on the occasion of the Portuguese celebrations, which opened on June 2, commemorating the O0th anniversary of the foundation of the country, paid a striking tribute to Dr Salazar, and to the Christian State which he has built "Visitors to Portugal who knew the country in former days," it states, "cannot fail to appreciate the healthy changes brought about by the present administration, which, on the philosophical basis of Christianitv and the financial basis of solvency and good business, has built up one of the most successful regimes of modern times

successful regimes of modern times '

At the eneiusion of the meeting of the HACBS on June 24 a farewell socia, wastenderedtoBrothersWorner and Stickman A very large crowd was present and Brothers Hannan president) and McDonald (secretary) poke in glowing terms of these two members who have joined the AI , and a presentation was made to each of them

The concretingat the main entrance toSt. Mary'sChurch, and theerection of a porch have considerably improved the appearance of our very fine building t he Christian Brothers'Appeal is in I swing, and parishioners who have not alread done should make an attempt immediately t help thi: most worthy ause, TI inn:rs' class for dancers s continuedin st Mary's Halleach Tuesday, and isvery worthy ofsupport, as all proceeds go to further the conruction ofa tennis court for theConv nt School

"The latest triumph of the Government is the signing of a Con cordat with the Vatican which re flects the sentiment of the population, and, at the same time forms part ot the rebuilding ot the State on a Christian plan This agreement definitelv sets the face of Portugal, by aw, and not alone y tradition and sympathy, against those forces which are fighting for the disruption of the Christian Faith"

In a subsequent editorial, which panegyrises "that ardently Christion country of Portugal and reviews the twelve vears' labour of the Premier, the Times"' savs: "In the Europe that will follow this war the example set these last twelve years by Portugal will be a guiding light''

Britain is showing the strength of her traditional friendship:with ortugal by associating herself with the celebrations The Duke of Kent is to represent the King at the Congress of the Portuguese World, which takes place in Lisbon, and His Majesty has given a further demonstration of hi personal interest by conferring knighthoods upon the Portuguese Premier, Dr Salazar and several other of his countrvmen The Duke of Kent will be accompanied on his mission bv Admiral of the Fleet Lord Chatfield and Field-Marshal Lord Birdwood

When he announced these appointments at a luncheon of the Anglo-Portuguese Society in London on June 3, Lord Halifax referred to the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance which was signed in 1386 and is still in force and which is, therefore, the oldest alliance the world has known

Metropolitan Social Council

Annual Parish Ball,

The annu.1 Subiaco Catholic Ball will be held in St Joseph's Hall on Mondayevening, July 22 Thechurch committee is in charge of all arrangements and everything points to the unction being very successful Tickets are available at 5s (double) and 3s (single) Dancing will be from 8.30 pm till I am, for which wellknowncityorchestrahasbeenengaged

H A C B.S INTER-BRANCH SOCIAL AND DANCE, ODDFELLOWS' HALL, T GEORGE'S TERRACE, FRIDAY, JULY, 19, at 8 pm Admission 2s No tax

FOR SALE

Six-Room I House; allconveniences, good family home; large block £400 Apply Stirling Agencies, 281 Murraystreet

TO LET

Single S C Flat opposite Sacred Heart Church, every convenience; furhishedorunfurnished; quiet 53 Marystreet,Highgate

The British Ambassador to Portugal, Sir Walford Selby, was among the brilliant gathering in Lisbon Cathedral on 2nd inst. when the Cardinal-Patriarch of Lisbon ntoned the "Te Deum." and the Papal Bull of 1140, recognising in independence of Portugal, was solemnly read This service of thanksgiving synchronised with others held in everv church throughout Portugal andher Empire Chief among the congregation in Lisbon Cathedral were the President of Portugal, Dr Carmona, and the Premier

The celebrations are to last a full six months, and due deference is to be paid, by pilgrimages and other events, to the Christian triumphs in the nation's history, particularly to the work of her missionaries in the two hemispheres

CATHEDRAL PARISH.

Cathedral Branch, C.W.L

A jumble sale will be held in the Cathedral Hall on Saturday July 20

Proceeds to aid welfare work

Any oldclothes orother articles may beleft with Mrs Guilfoyle (secretary), Creal House, 386 Lord-street, or Mrs Lyons, c/o Trouchet's Chemist, Wet lington-street

Bro. Burrowes presided, and delegates represented District Board, Highgate, East Victoria Park, Cottesloe, St Pat rick's, Victoria Park, Bayswater, Subiaco, Maylands, Midland and South Perth

'A very successful social was held at Subiaco onJune20,atwhich presentation was made toSr Williamson in appreciation of the work she has done for th sovietv

It has been decided to hold adance atthe Oddfellows' Hall, inSt George's Terrace onJuly 19 Admission 2s, includingtax

St Joachim's Branch

Bro G Keogh presided at the meeting held onJune 24 We extend our incere sympathy to Re Father O'Connor in his bereavement, also to Sister Nora Daly in her bereavement We congratulat, Bro G Keogh on winningaprize in the recent card competitions Members had a most enjoyable time at the sci I tendered to Sister P Williamson Next meeting s n July 8 St Larence O'Tooles Branch, Maylands Maylands ranch last meeting was well attended As the annual visitof the District Board fell on that night t was pleasing to see the number of young members who were present The District Board was well represented, nd addresses to the members were made by Bro Goerke (president), Bro Edwards (secretary) Bro Hynes and Sr Williamson. Bro. Baker as presi dent of the branch, moved a vote of thanks to the District Board, and this was seconded by Sr O'Connor and Bro Dalton, After the meeting asup per was set

. . YOUNG MEN'S CLUB NOTES

Athletic Club,

The newly formed athletic club ha now been affiliated with the West Australian Amateur Athletic Association and indications are that our venture should prove most successful. All members are reminded that the first run''andmeetingoftheclubwilltake place at Henderson Park, Wembley,on Sunday morning next July 7, at 10.30 am sharp It is sincerely hoped that the attendance will be good and will thereforeplaceconfidence in those who are responsible for forming the club The club is open to any C tholic athlete, whether he lives in the parish or not Wewant tosee vouall init Coming Attraction

Monday July 8 is the date all the members of the club and their friends are awaiting It is the night of the "monster July carnival"atwhichthere willbeattractionsand noveltv features galore The priceofadmissionwill be our usual rate while the supperarrangements will satisfy all, Advertise this function, get your friends to attend; youcan assurethem f a perfect night's enjoyment as guests of the Su biaco Young Men's Club Jottings

Owing to the fact that the parish ball occurs on our usual fortnightly dance night, the club executive have decided to hold two dances on successive Mondays e lulv 8 and 15

The former is in aid of the Wembley section of the popular child competition, and the atter for the West Leederville candidate It is hoped that our patrons will observe the change of date and will continue to lend us their patronage

A BIG DISTRIBUTION, Everv week the Lotteries Commis sion disburses to hospitals and charities about £1,500 You can help this goodwork tobe maintainedduringthe war by buying a ticket a week in the consultations No 89 Charities Con sultationoffers a first prize of £6,000

CATHOLIC TENNIS ASSOCIATION

By "RON"

The next council meeting of the Association will take place in Bacton House on Friday July 19. AI dele ates are urged to attend Are you selling your second in the stop-watch competition? The Association is relying oneveryoneto make a success of this scheme

Thecardevening held in theAssociations room last Fridav was most successiul A similar function may be held soon.

POETRY needs to be protected from

THE problem I wish to propose is partly one of appropriateness, partly one of courtesy Which should come first the words or the music of a song? I mean, of course, in the writing of a song. In the singing of it, it is nice to have both together

The difficulty partly resolves itself into a quarrel between the arts of poetry and music So, first let us take the case of a poem a real poem, finished and accepted-which is to be set to music On this subject I think we must become very emphatic Poetry needs to be protected from music A poem was not made tobe sung The music of poetry is word music, not note music

The charm of word music in point of stress, pause, cadence, vowel value, even meaning, is distorted, and sometimes entirely destroyed when a poem is asked to bear the weight of a sung melody on top of its own inner refrain take, as example, "Drink to me only with thine eyes" There is as beautiful a line of poetry as was ever written, an unforgettable sentiment expressed in seven brief words It is so precise and perfect that is is almost impossible for the speaking voice to spoil it You do not need to linger on any one word as you say the line The one word meant to be emphasised, emphasises itself, from being the single dissyllable placed squarely in the midst of six monosyllables The music to which the poem is sung s also verv beautiful, but it ruins the delicate structure of the word music, so carefully planned. As sung, Ben Jonson's To Celia" comes to us as follows: Drink to me oh-nly wiith thine eyeeyes, etc,

As far as I am concerned, Celia s practically cross-eyed from then on

A Yawn and a Hiccup

Take, as example, "The Road to Mandalay " The poem as Kipling ives it to us is a grand one, with a natural swing in the first line that is established without our needing to make any fuss over the svllables But, as delivered to us in Damrosch's music, the first line, from a poet's point of view, begins with a long yawn, and ends in a hiccup

lwwwwwwwn (pause and scowl)

The Road to Man-dah-lay-hay.

That may be song but it certainly is not poetry

Take, as example, "Danny Boy " The melody of the song is a masterpiece, and I am willng to admit that t is helped by the words, and that the total result is most pleasing But the words are written according to h b tiie requirements of the music, not according to the best rules of verse No good poet would repeat the word "pipes" in the first line And certainly, having repeated it, he would not proceed to crow over the line by insisting that • ' The pipes, the pipes are caw-alling! And yet that is the way the thing has always been sung whenever I have heard it

I havesaid that music may even distort the meaning of a poem

And here is an example of that Kilmer's "Trees," in the sung vers1on, has been given a melody that matches the poem in mood

But it matches it in nothing else

You say the first two lines of Kilmer's poem:

-or else we get "poEMS ''

By LEONARD FEENEY.

I think that I shall never see

A poem lovely as a tree with the slightest voice stress on the first syllable of "never'' Then the lines, spoken simply, do their own work, without any further effort But as sung, Trees" come to us in the very first line with three false leads as to its meaning Here is the first false lead suggested by the music:

I THINK that I shall never see Butof course, one can never be quite sure of this,A poem lovely as a tree

The second false lead is where the music, by exaggerated emphasis, distinctly turns the word "I" into "eve":

I think that EYE shall never see Nor shall ear hear, nor shall it enter into the mind of man to conceive, poem lovely as a tree

And the third false lead as indicated by the singing voice is:

I think that I shall never SEE,But possibly I shall enjoy the experi ence through some other sense

A poem lovely as a tree

And in the last two lines of the song-version of Kilmer's piece, the word "poems" has to be changed to poEMS" in order to sing t And that is probably the root of the trouble in putting a poem to music It is too liable to become "a poEM." And who ever heard of a "poEM," or ever wants to?

There is another case of attempting to make a partnership between poetry and music, which consists in having a speaker recite a poem while an orchestra plays a soft, unrelated song for accompaniment This practice is, to my mind, one of the most childish devices for evoking emotion that can be imagined. The effect obviously intended is that there should come a point in the performance where you completely choke with sobs, and beg both speaker and orchestra not to go on Unfortunately, if the affair is heard on the radio, it is impossible for you to indicate to either the elocutionist or the musicians the extent to which they are making you wilt Fortunatelv, on the other hand, the poem recited in these duets is usually so bad that the music cannot make it any worse, in fact, rather makes it better, by completely distracting your mind from the thing that is being said

Practical Experience

have heard it stated that Grand Opera is an instance of where the two arts of poetry and music are happily allied Is it? And you can easily decide how much poetry there is in Grand Opera by asking yourself this simple question: Did you ever in your life hear anyone quote a line of Grand Opera? Sing a line, hum a line, play a line, yes! But quote a line? The Grand Opera poets have enriched our emotions enormously But they have enriched our thoughts less considerably And if you do not believe this, try reading the libretto of an opera like "Rigoletto" with the musical score laid aside

A few years ago the collaboration of Edna St Vincent Millay, a good poet, with Deems Taylor, a good composer, in "The King's Henchman," resulted in Mr Taylor's music being poorest where Miss Millay's poetry was best, and almost exactly vice versa; or, let me put it more charitably, re-

But if he runs out of music there is no way to complete it

sulted in Mr Taylor's music seeming most unnecessary where Miss Millay's verse was best, and in Mr Taylor's music being most required where Miss Millay's verse was running thin

Theodore Chanler, who is one of America's best young composers, recently published eight of the "Epitaphs" of Walter de la Mare, set to music These were sung brilliantly in concert by Roland Hayes last season They are haunting pieces But their success is due as much to Mr Chanter's understanding of poetrv as to his skill at music His musical setting apart from the poems is vague, and could scarcely stand on its own, nor did he intend it to Joined to the poems it is a most effective tour de force But rarely do we find a musician of Chanler's intelligence, and humility, willing to apply his notes to the words of a poem without a single displacement of mood, accent or meaning Nor is the result of this deference the best music, musically speaking, as I think Chanler would agree

I have had occasion to work with Theodore Chanler in the two methods of song composition In the one, he took my completed verse, "Pianissimo,' and applied music to it His respect for the authentic accent of the poem is remarkable, but to bring it to a melodious conclusion, he is obliged to repeat the last two lines, a thing I should never allow in the verse itself

Another experiment of ours was The Doves'' where Mr Chanler gave me a completed piece of music and asked that I supply words to which it could be sung I think this experiment was the more successful, for it was possible to make his song articulate, in a semi-poetic way, without prolonging t or disturbing the musical notes Both this experience, and my general feeling n the matter, lead me to believe that the words of a song must say to the music: "You go first, my dear, and I shall attempt to follow!' For anything sung is always more of a song than it is a poem A\ good melody can often get along with poor words, but

Inever the other way The fact that words and music go, together at all is entirely "per accidens

A Sort of Essential Quarrel. Music, as such, needs no words; all it needs is an instrument One of the instruments of musicand one of the most beautifulis the human voice But it is natural to the human voice to exercise itself by means of words, whether in singing or in talking And it is natural to words to convey thoughts and expressed sentiments

That is why we put words to music, not because a man is singing, but because he is a man, and is using as the instrument of song, his voice, the normal instrument of his thoughts, and which instrument he must respect in its normal function, even when used for another purpose

If a man when singing, runs out of words or forgets them, which he often does he may complete the song with a pleasant

It is probably true that music would be required as a preservative of poetry, to keep it alive in the memory, had we no books A tune travels faster and more safe1y than a line of verse

That it has carried a lot of good poetry with it in its journeys among unlettered folk, no one will deny But the temptation is to trim poetry down, to thin it out, to leave it undisciplined by its own strict rules, for the privilege of being borne on the wings of song good sculpture does not want to be painted in colours in order to attract attention Neither does a good poem want to be honeved with music in order to draw tears People who know ail about one art may know ittle about another Give Mozart a chisel and he will hrlv gouge ou out a good symphony Give Rembrandt a emcl and ne will kno what to drav but not what to write

Even as write this, the ghost of a considerable amount of great music comes up to haunt and refute me What would Gounod or Schubert have done without the words of the Ave Maria? What would Bach have done without the scriptural history of St Matthew's Passion, or Bach and Beethoven have done on two great occasions, without the text of the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass? What would some of the greatest symphonies, oratorios and arias of all times have been without a written score to guide them and on which to be structured?

But I do insist that there is some sort of essential quarrel between poetry, which is the art of words and music, which is the art of sound Maybe, on the occasions when they meet, each should say to the other with the ironic insouciance of Mrs Malaprop: You go first and III proceed you!""America'

IN MEMORIAM

DOIG Your charitable prayers are requested for the repose of the sou of Keith Laurence Kennedy Doig the anniversary of whose death occurs on July 11

Teach us, dear Saviour, no more to pine For the loved ones we now see n more; But teach us to sav Lord take what is thine Till we meet them on Canaan's bright shore

TALBOT Of your charity, pray for the happy repose of the soul of Elizabeth Talbot who departed this life on July 6, 1939

Inserted by her loving daughter and grandchildren tra-la-la-la

Save Big Money at Hassell's Stores, 559 Wellington Street Paints, 13/9 gallon. Best brands stocked Write for prices; it will pay

Every THURSDAY Evening

OLD

By RONALD A KNOX

HU\\ many books are there, whose titles you can clip till they only contain one effective word, and yet be understood by all educated people? The "Apologia"' is one, there is Butler's Analogy,'' and Paley's Evidences,'' but vou will not find many names to match them: nobody talks of the Anatomv of Melancholy" as the Anatomy," or of the "Origin of Species" as the "Origin "

Such tests are tiny reflectors that give back the glow of fame; and no book passes this test so well as the "Imitation"

\mong Catholics at east it is the only book which s mentioned in the same breath with the Bible; among the non-Catholics of yesterday the "Pilgrim's Progress" (the Pilgrim" for short) was so bracketed Yet, like other spiritual classics, the "Cloud oi Unknowing '' for example, or the "Whole Dutv of Man.," t has created problems of authorship

And the reader has a right to expect, here, a dissertation upon the Dutchman, Groote, who s said to have written the first book as it stands, and the degree of recension to which Thomas a' Kempis submitted the second and third: with more information about the circumstances in which the work was composed, and the form of it

But this must be omitted, since I am writing away from booksnot, however, away from the "Imitation;" t has onlv once, I think, escaped the packer's eye since l received the submiconate Do not ask,'' says Bk I ch V, "who said this, ut listen to what is said." There are no frills about the "Imitation "

My aim is to seize upon the characteristic method and effect of the book, and I am not sure that this aim has not been alreadv realised when I have said that there are no frills about the "Imitation '' t has the frill-lessness of Euclid and the Athanasian Creed Where the first book s concerned, vou mav sav that even of the stvle Sometimes we think that others are fond of our company when in fact it is beginning to disgust them, from the worthlessness of the character thev see in us" (Bk I, ch VIII):how could you administer n ess words a cold douche to a man who has spent the evening with friends?

"Ii vou :nnot make ourself the anyou want toe how can vot expect other people to come up to your specifications?" (Bk I ch XVI): if you bother so little about vourself while vou are alive, who is going to bother M � about vout when vou are dead?"

(Bk I, ch XXIHI)these are barbs which get beneath the skin of the toughest among us; and yet how quietly they are shot

writes: "If we were thoroughly dead to ourselves, and free from attachments within, we should e able to relish divine things and have some experience of heavenly contemplation" He is already impatient for the illuminative way, and y the first chapter o1 Book IH he s well into it Detachment, the conversion of the regard inwards the welcoming of mortifications with and for Christ, are ideals taken for granted The "Imitation '' wide as s ts use outside the cloister, and indeed outside the Church, was meant for religious in the first instance, and the author makes no apolog for this suddenly keying us up to concert pitch

The rest of Book IH is, and is meant to be, "stripping;' we are not to be content with moral suasions or treat our own peace of mind as the ideal to be aimed at; we are concerned with nothing less than the establishment of Christ's reign in us f we are ready to give up having our own way, that is no longer be ause "it s necessary sometimes » relinqish our own opinion, ir the sake of peace" Bk I c'. I), but because "vou are not to think vou have made any progress until you feel that vou are evervbodv's inferior Bk II, ch 1Dj ii we avoid gossip, it is no longer be cause "we rarely return to silence, without finding that we have soiled our consciences'' (Bk I, ch N) but because "vou will never know nterior devotion, until you hold your tongue about what concerns others, and turn back upon yourself" (Bk IH, ch v) And earning is to be distrusted as in adequate not because "he is truly learned, who leaves his own will and does the will of God" (Bk I, ch. III) but because one thing is still wanting that a man should leave all, and leave him self, and go out of himself alto gether, and keep nothing for himself of self-love" (Bk II ch RI)

We have embarked on an inner circle of spiritual ideas and no rest s given us The clerical "we " which softened the effects of Book I, almost disappears in Book II; the author button-holes you with a persistent "thou '' and brings every consideration grimly home to you

So Book II eads usup to thatamazingly uncomfortable last chapter, n which the reader feels as if he were being turned over and over on aspit, to make sure that he is being singed with suffering at every point

If a man tells you that he is fond of the Imitation," view him with sudden suspicion; he is either a dabbler or a saint

and breathes pure mysticism; but t stands almost alone

The dialogue form of the book- it consists entirely of conversations between 'hrist and the soul-suggests that it is the fruit of a' Kempis' own • templations; nd perhaps the abce f scheme about it can be exned best if we suppose that hesim wrot thesedown as they came t :. der of time But the l a st part, eti at best lati to the ark h come y of ts not in mystical tr the fifty sis .er it still ng us onwar ·s not t take our brr·a way

A work without frills-until you reach the fourth book, which is purely a manual for the Communicant, it contains curiously little in the way of theology

The very existence of the Holy Spirit is only recognised, for example, in one of two stray allusions I th of a re the speculaer m :ologians, who 'oncerned to li Bk I, ch ts wi silenced earch h lamps - • A without r· ra author e: his p experi he, preum ho felt anxiety about hi final ·ranee and wa told to act as h ct if he were certain of it (Bk. I, ch. XXV), that is theonly echo of autobigraphy The whol work was meant to be, surely, what it is a sustained irritant which will preserve us, if it is red faithfully fromsinking back int relaxation: from elf-conceit self-pity self-love. It offers consolation here and there, but always at theprice of resh exertion, ot keeping your head pointing up-stream Heavenhelp us if wefind easy reading in "The Imitation of Christ." 'The Tablet"

Leederville Branch

D'Arcy's Ever-Popular Seven Piece Orchestra, with Miss Joan Bridger, vocalist Dainty Supper Provided Admission, 1/6, plus tax D'ARCY'S SELECT DANCES Rev Father Boylan presided at a meeting of prefectsand sub-prefects ot St Mary's Branch of the Holy Name Society on June 30 It was resolved to have the Exposition of the Blessed No manual ismore pitiless in its ex- Sacrament (for the spiritual welfareot position of the Christian ideal, less our fighting forces), commencing at careful to administer consolation by 630 pm on Saturday July 13, after the way But now, when we feel we Benediction, and ending at the 7 am, have been bullied into the illuminative Mass on Sunday morning way, is the stripping part all over? Is The following hours have been althe third book to be a collection o' jotted to the guilds for the all night maxims illustrating the unitive way • vigil: andits glimpses offruition? Dr Bigg in hisintroduction writesasif it were: St John's Guild:630 pm to8.30 pm it tells, he says, "of the presence of Sacred Heart Guild: 8 30 pm to 1030 Christ in the soul, of life in the spirit, pm ofthe mystic vision, as a' Kempis un- St atrick's Guild: 10,30 pm to 1230 derstood it" This judgmentseems to be founded on one or two passages in the third book rather than on the

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It has been commonly observed that the first book is concerned almost entirely with the reformation of character, and a good deal of it might have been drawn from heathen moralists-in one place, indeed, Seneca is quoted

But if it was the author's nten- book as a whole The twenty-first tion to confine himself to the ele- chapter, that begins with a beating of ments of asceticism, he has cer- the wings as the soul aspires towards God and culminate-: in the sudden 1 \11 member� are requested to sign tainly outrun his intention; as in "Ecce adsum" of the Divine Lovers the roster in the church porch, and to the eleventh chapter, where he intervention leaves asceticism behmd be present in their respective guilds

• Thursday, July 4, 1940.

Missionary South America

THE APOSTOLATE IN VENEZUELA

A great deal has been written oi the early religious expeditions of the Franciscans and Dominicans to Venezuela,'' says a Spanish historian, "but without a oubt it was the Capuchins who cultivated the missionary field there most ntensively and extensively. They founded more than 200 pueblos, some of which are capital cities to-day "

At the end of the I8th century five of the Capuchins: Caroni, with 31 centres; Cumana, with 40; the Upper Orinoco, with 19; the Plains of Caracas, the largest in extent, with 107 centres; and Perija y la Guajira, where 22 stations were established among the Guajiros, Motilones and Caimas Indians

In their turn, Franciscan Recollects founded 42 centres with some 20,000 Indians in the Unare and the Caura basins

At that time about 200 missionaries were at work in these seven prefectures At the same period Dominican: and Jesuits were busy evangeliing one prefecture each f the Liberator, conscious of the the missionary pioneers One of its Academy members wrote: "Venezuela received its social formation under Christian influence That is whv its customs are healthy, its people honest Social differences were tempered with feelings of Christian fraternity and force of character has been employed to achieve the highest forms of moral grandeur ''

In an area of approximately 400,000 square miles, Venezuela has three and one-half million inhabitants It is ecclesiastically divided into two archdioceses, eight dioceses, one apostolic prefecture in charge of the Salesians, and one apostolic vicariate, hat of Caroni, entrusted to the Captchins

The Canoni Vicariate comprises three regions: that of the macure Delta in the north, that of Yuruari in the centrs, and that of the Upper Caroni in the south

!n the Amacuro Delta the first to be evangelised by the Capucins were the Guraaos Indians, who according to the 1922 census number some 11,000 The Capuchins are now striving to win the Arecunas and Taurepanes Indians who are scattered over an area of 30,000 square miles and whose number is not known with any exactitude In the Upper Caroni district in which they live the missionaries have sinve 193l established two important centres, San Francisco De Iepa and Santa Elenado Uairor

"The Taurepanos and the Arocunas," writes Koch Grumberg, "are the most handsome Indians I have ever seen "

A missionary, Father Matallana, describes them as follows: they possess the peculiar characteristics of the native races of South America as regards the colour of their skin, eves and hair

They are stolidly built, have a frank air They learn other

native dialects and even a European language with ease They are spirited in conversation Their sense of direction is uncanny; they are safe guides even on unfamiliar ground They can trace a surprisingly accurace map of the various rivers and their tributaries with the paths communicating between various points Their social organisation is simple It is autonomous among the various families of each tribe, and each tribe has its chief Their family organisation is also rudimentary They keep no records of their forbears and know the tribe to which thev belong only by the language they speak

When necessity requires it they work but they worry little about the future The feeling of fraternitv is noteworthv hen one of them is successful in hunting or fishing, he invites his neighbours to share his good fortune When they undertake a journey, they do not trouble to take provisions with them, being confident that they will always find the necessary hospitality wherever they go When they experience a death at home, they go for a time to stay with others In such cases they are well received and need make no compensation for the hospitality received

The Capuchins have also done splendid work during the last nine years in the region of the great savannah that borders on Brazil Thev first made a study of the language and then prepared a grammar of the Taureppanes and Arocunas dialects as they had done for that of the Guaraanas Thev teach adults in their cabins but gather the young people into a sort of boarding school where thev receive not only elementary training but also civil and domes- 2 tic training

The Canoni Vicariate covers an area of some 65,000 square miles In June, 1938, the population consisted of 79,000 Catholics and 14,000 non-Christians Progress is somewhat slow because of lack of personnel and because of the vast area where means of communication are poorly developed The problem of travel has been met to some extent by the acquisition of several motor boats But an inherent difficulty is the fact that the Indians live widely scattered and the missisonaries lose much time in passing from encampment to encampment All these difficulties considered, it is not difficult to appreciate the arduous task that confronts the missionaries and the credit they deserve in doing it so well

Data collected by Father Arens goes to show that in the mission areas of South America there dwell 3,285,000 Indians, of whom 2.107.000 are not Catholics; and of 1,374,000 in Central America and the Antilles, 341,800 are Catholic Hence, a total of approximately 2,200,000 remain to be converted. The majority of these are in Jamaica, Guyana and Brazil.

To a studious observer of the untiring activity of missionaries in Venezuela, Colombia, Equador Bolivia and Brazil it would appar that results are not in proportion to the immense expenditure of energy, because much

time is lost in attempting to reach the Indians in their scattered dwellings It would seem desirable under the circumstances that efforts be made to establish large settlements on the plan of the famous Reductions of former centuries In those reductions from ne to seven thousand people lived together

The present Vicar Apostolic, Bishop Costantino Villa, has worked out a bold and comprehensive plan along those lines He aims to speed up the evangelisation of the Arocunas and the Taurepanes by founding a great missionary centre in the grand savannah of Venezuela near the national shrine dedicated to St Theresa of the Child Jesus There he purposes to erect asylums, schools, a hospital, a maternity centre; to assist in constructing the dwellings needed for all willing to settle there; and to found co-operatives for producers, consumers, loans, agricultural requirements and the like With the help of Venezuelan Catholics, the veteran missionary Bishop has every hope of succeeding in his worthy enterprise

JO PH EDWARDS

F B A.S

SECRETARY

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ST. ILDEPHONSUS' COLLEGE

NEW NORCIL CONDUCTED BY THE MARIST BROTHERS

For Particulars Apply to-THE BROTHER DIRECTOR

Christian

For Boarders an Dav Students

Bovs admitted irom 7 years upwards

Beautifully situated, overlooking the river, near the new Canning Bridge For Particulars apply to--

One of the Associated Public Schools of W A

TEL.: Brothers MT. HENRY

The Principal, Aquinas College, Canning Parade, Mt. Henry

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HIGHGATE - PERTH

(Conducted by Sisters Notre Dame Des Missions)

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Premiership Points

East Perth

Claremont

West Perth bouth Fremantle East Fremantle

Perth Subiaco

,2wans

Leading Goal-Kickers

G Doig EF) 56 G Moloney CI) 6

Tvson (WP) 56

Saturday's Games

South Fremantle Perth at Fre

mantle

Swans v East Perth at Bassendean

West Perth v East Fremantle, at WACA

Subiaco v 'laremont at Subiaco

"Recorder" selects South Fremantle

East Perth, East Fremantle and Claremont to win

Brieflets

Three clubs are definitely out f the hunt, Subiaco, Perth and Swans, but it should be a great battle for "The Four," and I still think the Old Blue will get there Whom will they re place? That's another question

In the closing quarter at the WA C A Max Roe played brilliantly ior Subiaco His high marking was phenom enal.

sustained the most Claremont has in-

hours hat are darkest there is an abiding comfort in the quiet understanding service of-

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By RECORDER."

flitted on them and the winners' score of 24.13 is the highest they have registered against the Seaside Reds One who must be building up points for the "Sandover Medal" is Heusler, who was the player of the game at Claremont He wa: on the ball for most of the game, and did two men's work in great fashion

Souths missed the driving force of Keith Shea One man does not make a team but the absence of one outstanding player frequently upsets the team work of a side and thats what happened to Souths against Claremont

Starr was supreme in defence for Eat Perth Brian Ryan was always in the picture with useful work while O'Keefe, Heal and McDiamid were just about West's best

AQUINAS WINS AGAIN

Aquinas continued on its winning way in the Alee·k Cup Competition when at week it won easily from Scoteh College, compiling the highest core f th season, 1721 to 3.7

Th team work shown bv the winners was xcellent and augurs well for it: future success, though a hard game must be expeced in the return match with Hale

Aquinas had n pasenger nd probablv the mo: t effctive were Edwards Cullity, J Bourke, Donaldson and Noonan while Scotchs bet were Eddy, Heasson, Prevost and Forte Is Guildford was beaten by Hale 1014 to 6I1, Aquinas is now the only undefeated team

Hockey

"A1" Grade: Old Aquinians were narrowly defeatd my University 21 Pla throughout was fast and of a good standard. McNamara hit the goal for Aquinas, while Griffiths and White goaled for University

"A2" Grade: Saint Ildephonus defeated Perth, 3-0 the goal hitters being Benson B Wood and Longmore In Junior No 1 Grade, Old Haleians drew with Old Aquinas, I-all, Henderson hit the goal for Old Aquinians and Davies for Old Haleians 4 « «d««4««d { sroRrmNe our } f 4 f 4 t Answers to Last Week's t Questions, } } (1 Billy Midwinter played for } } England and for \u tralia in i { Tests ; (2) Carbine "on the YRC All- l $ Aged Stakes, the 'umberland 3} stakes, and the A J C Plate f three years in succession (3) Billy Farnum, an Austra- } lian, knocked out Peter Jackson. 2 (4) If a golfer's ball is lying in ! sand, completely covered, h $ ma} remove sufficient sand to i enable him to see the top of th ball

(5) Albert Thurgood, from Victoria and known as "the greatest footballer of all time," play 3} ed for Fremantle in this State }

This Week's Questions } (1) What Australian city was l named after a champion boxer?

h(2) O!1lkv done Clar00emont1pl�ver ! as kice over I goals in a season Name him

(3) What, in sport, is known as 'The Initial Sack?"

(4) What present day W A League footballer holds a Victorian record as regards goal-kicking?

(5) A batsman hits a ball high into the outfield The bats- $ men have completed one run, ~ and crossed_for the second_before the ball is caught. How I j many nms are scored' ,,___,,, _, ,.,.,, ;..

JOKE

J hnnie's fond parents took him to the Museum His father pointed out a bine's skeleton to him Another mall skeleton was displayed alongside that of Carbine The bov wanted to know about it

That's the parent of Carbine when he was a foal' the parent explained

CBC Fremantle Championships

All interested in boxing should make a note of the championships being held by the Christian Brothers' College Fremantle '

These will be held on July 11 and 12 in the College Gymnasium while the finals will take place at Victoria Hal! Fremntle, on Saturday July 13 "

The contests will commence at 7 p m sharp, and on the opening night there will be 40 bouts Thus patrons will receive an excellent return for their outlay of ls admission Seats may be booked at the College for 2s

This will be the first big effort of the committee working to reduce the debt on the ollege It is hoped to rais £1,000 by October So fight fans who want to help a good cause should not fail t be present, The fights will be willing as wll as scientific, while Dr J P Kenny and Tod Morgan will be th referee

Boxing Army Beats Air Force.

At the Hollywood Stadium last week there was a boxing contest between representatives of the Army and repreentative of th Air Force

Thos who attended enjoyed every minute of a very fine programme

There were no dull moments, and the partieipants showed excultent knowledge of the game

The Army won by 20 pints to 18-lose enough for anyone

The Cup was received, on behalf of the Army by the hon. organiser Lieutenant W E, Quirk, who had received news of his promotion that day, and wa: congratul ted D Ma r-Gneral J M A Du ant, when hew making the presentation

This is the first occasion on which the Army has won The Sunday Times" Cup

TORPEDO BILLY MURPHY. I may have written of him recently, but a discussion at the Army v Navy fights at Hollywood Stadium last week urged me to look up his record and tell readers something about this boxing freak who died just twelve months ago aged 77

A few weeks before he died he issued a challenge to any old-timer any weight, any time any place, nd es pecially named "Profe: sor'' Jame Barron 'III give that fellow two stone and a beating,'' he proclaimed Forty odd years ago Jim Barron defeated Billy Murphy in three rounds but Billy was conceding Jim a lot of weight, but the defeat rankled Th Torpedo' seemingly had a long and somewhat bitter memory Forty year' had not extracted the sting ot that defeat It mattered little that t th were verv old men 'Billy" was still looking for fight.

Torpedo" Billy Murphy was born in Auckland NZ and died there, His passing marked the passing of one ot the greatest fighters of all time, and surely the most destructive puncher the bantamweight division has produced

No famous pugilist was ever cast in a less promising physical mould Flatchested, waspwaisted, hair-pin legged, and pipe-stemmed arms, Billy presented a grotesque figure in the ring He was the perfect type that supports the "You never can tell" theory But f Tommy's physical make-up discernable to the human eye was below par, there was nothing wrong with his heart, for within that grotesque frame the battlespirit blazed like a bonfire Though an eight-stoner, no odds of weight or size daunted him If he had confined himself strictly to fighting opponents of his own size and weight, Billy Murphy would have gone undefeated to his grave

Harry L: ing, half caste Kanaka, heavyweight champion of New Zeland, conqueror of great Australian fighters such as Joe Goddard and Owen Sullivan offended Bill, who challenged him to fight And, moreover, won in three rounds

At Foley's Hall, in Sydney, Bily fought desperate battles with topnotch lightweights (10st.) of the calibre of Young Mitchell or America, Jack Hall, "Ironbark" Burge, who lived for a period at Fremantle, and the afcr?mentioned Jim Barron, who once gave away 2st in weight to the great Kid McCoy and fought a 10 round draw

{Lt: CheStore wMere your money goes {'

His oneconquerorinhisearly career Murphys terrific hitting awed ring-

Bureaucrat

CheeryJack OurJack

as Young Mitchell the American siders Animaginativescribe deserib- ATip (by"Recorder") jterweight On his Australian re- ed itas "torpedolike in its speed and taton and Mitchell's recommend- accuracy" The name stuck to him {-;L" hegota match in 1890 with Ike totheend jr; the Belfast Spider" and he He was the only New Zealand born topped the title-holder in 14 rounds fighter to hold a world's title and no jj% was now featherweight champion Australian has ever won a world title of the world

Whenhe returned to Australia, Murphy was challenged_by Griffo They foughttwiceattheYorkAthleticClub andGriffo won on each occasion The bouts were billed as world titlefights, but Griffo ws well over the then weightlimit of 88 whileMurphy sealed 84

Letmetell uofthosefights:

At 830, the time for starting, there was nosignofBilly Came9 o'clock, and the title holder was still missing Griffo said "I'II wait till 9.30."

At last Billy arrived He said he had been having a shave!

Billy had developed American "points'' He raised objections about different matters

'The gloves are stained. We fight with new gloves in America,'' he said Thepromotersecured newgloves

Larry Foley was Griffo's chief second. and he drw the referee's attention toMurphy'sbelt, which extended above the waist The official agreed thatit was not fair, butMurphywould not budge. Then up spoke Griff

Let himkeep the belt whereitis'

For 15 round Griffo completely outboxedandoutsmarted thetitle holder

In the 15th round Billy three times attempted th La Blanche blow, but The Wizard ofthe Ring'' caused him to miss badly The crowd laughed and thisgreatly annoywd Billy and t theendofth round, hepeeled ff th glovesan easy task with th ;ht onesof 50 yearsago

"Well, gentlemen, I toMr Griffo,"'he id

Askedwhyhe ·tird rom th hesaidthatth had b n read ied up " The rfer skrd th p 'i to examine them th t t 'm open and found t be prctly fair

Theymetagain d Griff in 22 rounds

gain

In later years Murph know' dged thatGriffowashis master

Billy later returned t Ar ria and foughtwithconi r: bl a When he wasgoin down hill in h ghting gamehewasbeaten bv IkeWeir from whomhehadtakenth title

Spain

Racing

The meeting on Saturday will be at Canning Park, andbelow is the pro° gramme with an early before the weights) "both ways" tip

Maiden Plate: Solicitor

Breeders': Momalong

Maddington Handicap: Inchaking

Purse (First Division): Gun Carriage Purse (Second Division): Pridanus

Welter: Harford.

By Eastern Scribes

Trying the find the Melbourne Cup winnerfrom a ist of nearlv300 horses weighted is like searchingfor a needle in a haystack My opinion is that Be:u Vite (91) has as good a chance as any at the moment"Ascot"

Thereare a lotof"ifs" inattempting to make a selection for the Caulfield Cup at thisearlystage, with so many doubtful quantities engaged Atthemoment however,JackHolt ppearsto hold a stronghand,evenif, with th :xception of Mac Rob and Pure Gold his team is composed of more r I unknown horses

From among Holt's horses Nuffield ha: proved himself. It seems to be just a qu stion of his remainingsound for the dual Derby winner to take a lot f beatingoverthemile and a ha "Ormond"

'ho ·ry Jack is not to race overhurbefore the Grand National, for w ch he is favourite As he has no urther engagements on the flat he will not have another run before the big race The stable is confident he can win the big race first up" over jumps foreight months Nineout of every ten racing men think the same, with theresultthatCheery Jack, who was first favourite still occupies that position.-"Ascot."

Rivette, star stayer of last spring, and winner of the Caulfield and MelbourneCups returned to herstable at Mordialloc recently to begin her preparation for thenextMelbourne Cup "Acot"

Masonry Communists Bans

The Law against Masonry and Communism, which has been a topic of conversation for some months past, has now been promulgated in Spain, says the Spanish correspondent of "The Tablet"

It is now a punishable offence to be a Freemason AII Masonic and Communist organisations are dissolved, and their goods impounded by the State; all propaganda which spreads Masonry and Communism, and is prejudical to religion, the country, or social peace, is prohibited The punishment for Masonry is p to twenty years' imprisonment, t being understood that all those are Masons or Communists who have been initiated into Masonrv and who have not been expelled therefrom, or who have not explicitly repudiated all relations with it Communism, for the Purpose of this law, are considered to be those who take an active part in the work of the propaganda of Sovietism, Trotskyism, Anarchism, or similar doctrines \part from the penalties which may otherwise have been incurred by Masons and Communists all those of them who are not except- ed for having served voluntarily In the Army, or for having rendered services to the State, will be excluded from any employment by

the State, by public or official corporations, by enterprises subsidised or partly controlled by the State, and from the management of private undertakings, or from positions of responsibility in such undertakings

It is hoped that the Law, which is preceded by a preamble setting out all the crimes and bloodshed in Spain in which the intervention of Masonry and of Communism has been proved, will cleanse Spain of all the secret ramifications of Masonry, from the influence of which no State is free

WRONG ENVELOPES

Here'sastoryvouchedforbva Londonsportingpaper

John Day, who trained for Lord George Bentinck tried out one of the tatter's horses one bright morning Then he came from the course and wrote two letters, one to a well-known Note it well, for it is the advice o bookmaker and the other to Lord Henry Cotton George They ran:

In every round played one bad executedshot, atleast,can be attributed to "head up" Under this title comeseyeoffthe ball" becausefor the littlepitches and theshortershots the head should never really move the swing being so short This "head down, chin back business is very important, andin everygood golfer it is a very noticeable feature regardless of his style or build

"My Lord-Thecolt isquitefitand WORLD RECORD has done a rattling good gallop I Craig Wood American golfer, wh think he is sure to win on Monday played at Melbourne during the CenBack him for all you can" tenary celebrations recently won the 'Dear Thelong-legged rd will NewJerseyopenchampionshipwithan be atTattersall'sonMonday Layhim aggregate of 264 for 72 holesthe lowallyoucan Thehorse is a stiff'un" est aggregate ever made on a regul

Then heput them in the wrong en- tioncourse in a first-class tournament velopes and posted them A little He was 16 strokesunder par breaking laterLord George had a new trainer! the 72 holescourserecordby 14 strokes t ICIt ;nII CCIII cm z SYD ALMANs f

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A LITURGICAL CAT€CHISM

Q What is understood by the term rite"?

A Rite (from ritus, custom) is the form fixed by definite legislation or lawful custom, in which liturgical functions must be carried out The form may consist of ceremonies and prayers and chants Hence we speak of the rite of Bap tism, of Pontifical rite for functions carried out by a bishop, and of the Roman Rite, the Coptic Rite, the Maronite Rite etc that is, the whole complex of the services of the Roman the Coptie the Maronite Church. In this last sense we use the term rite in this chapter.

Q What is the origin of the various rites of the Catholic Church?

A, The Catholic world was divided first into three and subsequently into five Patriarchates. Each Patriarchate developed its own rite or modified its parent rite These Patriarchates were f Rome, which represented the Western world and to which all the others were subject, of Antioch, of Alexandria, of Jerusalem and of Constantinople (Byzantium) Some of these rites used various languages, language not being a criterion of rite

Q How many rites are there in the Catholic Church?

A There are nineteen rites of which three are Western and sixteen are proper to the Eastern Uniats ,

Q Wht is understood by the term Eastern Uniats?

A The Eastern Uniats are those various groups of Oriental Catholics who broke off from the Schismatical Churches of the East and returned to the allegiance of Rome Each group was allowed tokeep its own rite and touse the liturgical language to which it was aceustomed

J How many Eastern Uniats now ex1st!

A The Uniats the name being how ever, given to some Oriental Christians who were never in schism amount t about eight millions Theyare caaG,' liesin every sense of the word and are in union with Rome

Q How was their union with Rome strikingly demonstrated on the occa sion of the celebration of the sixteenth centenary of the Council of Nicaea (325 A DJ? "-

A In November, 1925- the year of the I6th centenry-religious functions were carried out in St John Lateran's in eleven different rites viz: the Syrian (Mesopotamia and Syria), the Georgian (Constantinople), the Armenian (Turkey, Russia and Galici), the Chaldean (Mesopotamia and Persia), the Greco-Albanese or Italo-Greek (Southern Italy), the Roumanian (Roumania), the Maronite (Lebanon Hills) the Syro-Malabar (Malabar Coast) the Coptic (Egypt) the Slavonic (Russia) the Ruthenian (Galicia, Czecho-Slovakia); and in St. Peter's in the Greco Byzantine rite (Greece and Turkey) At the function in St Peter's our Holy Father Pope Pius XI presided and observed all the ceremonies prescribed bv the Byzantine rite, thus exercising the Apostolic power of Supreme Head of all the rites equally venerated by the Catholic Church · Besides these twelve there are the Ethiopic rite (Abyssinia), the Bulgarian (Turkey and Bulgari. ), th Serbian Jugo-Slavia), the Melkite (Syria and E:ypt) Of all xteen rites th Ruthenian Roumanian, Syro-Malabar and Maronit have the largest numb r of adherent

A Kind Word From Dean Inge

Reviewing H G Wells's "New World Order," Dean Inge, the former Dean of St Paul's, says:

If necessary we make to order.

Now is the Time to Start Drinking

PENGUIN STOUT

The Ideal Winter Drinl

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Engagements Marriages Deaths, In Memoriam, and Bereavement Notices, 3/- an insertion.

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All enquiries concerning Advertisements should be addressed to the ADVERTISING MANAGER, "THE RECORD," 450 HAY STREET, PERTH, West Australia

"I am not supposed to be very fond of the Roman Catholic Church, but I deprecate Mr Wells's very harsh words about that institution Catholicism is certainly anti-revolutionary With its unequalled experience of human nature, that Church knows that revolutions always lead to reactions, and achieve very little at a terrible cost of human suffering But it preserves some valuable traditions which are in some danger of being lost, including a philosophy which is far superior to modern systems l am specially distressed to read what Mr Wells says about Spain I cannot understand how any decent person can deny that the Nationalists were justified in taking arms against those devils in human shape, the Spanish Reds, who, fighting under the hammer and sickle,' and under orders from Moscow butchered three hundred thousand in Madrid alone, in an attempt to extirpate whole classes of the population ''

ENGLISH "LIBERALS" AND SPANISH WARIn another place Dean Inge also speaks his mind very plainly on the attitude of English Liberals" and the Spanish War

In his latest book, "A Pacifist in Trouble " he writes: "I cannot forget that those who for years past have shrieked themselves hoarse in denouncing the iniquities of Fascism looked on with allous idifference or fiendish complacency while the Russian Bolsheviks butchered or deliberately starved to death eight or ten million persons, and while the Spanish Reds massacred 300,000 men and women for no other crime than belonging to the middle class or being attached to the Catholic Church When I think of the 16,000 bishops, priests, monks and nuns who were martyred for their Faith in Spain, and who went gallantly to their deaths with 'Long Live Jesus Christ the King'on their lips, I cannot think

much of the Christians at home who called their murderers by the absurd name of Lovalists, and encouraged hundreds of foolish boys to fight and die for these enemies of God and man "

SCHISM DIES OUT IN CEYLON

Colombo, Ceylon

When Ceylon in the early nineteenth century was detached from the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of Cochin, a suffragan see of Goa, and placed directly under the Sacred Congregation of the Propa ganda, a group of local Catholics, unwilling to accept the change, broke away from the Holy See and formed themselves into a schismatic community

Although numerically never of any great importance, the Goan Schismatics retained for a while the possession of some of the oldest churches in the island, dating from the days of Portuguese rule

This episode is now happily nothing more than an unpleasant page in the past history of Ceylon: for the church of Our Lady of the Holy Death n Colombo the last still remaining in the hands of the schismatics, has been handed back to the Archbishop

The congregation, which had for long been without the ministrations of a priest, sent three representatives to the Most Rev John M Masson, O M I , requesting him to look after their spiritual interests

The Archbishop thereupon raised the interdict placed on this church by Leo XIII and appointed a new parish priest Referring to the incident in a Pastoral Letter, he expressed his joy at receiving these stray sheep back into the fold and his hope that their church, in which is venerated an ancient statue of Our Lady of Indian origin, may become again, as it was in days gone by a great centre of devotion to thc Mother of God

Thursday, July 4, 1940.

The Busbies' Corner

DearCornerites, Saturday is the feast of the great E zlishSaint, St Thomas More Those ",,,, who have read the history of [,'d viii's reign wiii probably know 1labouthim HewasoneofHenry's ist advisersandmosttrustedseryants till he refused to saythat the Kings usurpation of the Divine prerogative £ Christs Church was just He reitsed todeny theCatholic Church was the true Church, and continued to regnise the Pope as the head of the "" true Church Henry,who would only ., hi th f brook no opposition in us pa o wrong-doing, had St Thomas sent to theTower,where he stilltriedtocoerce him from his rightful stand St Thomasrefused again and was behead ed onTower Hillwith St. John Fisher few e both wr raised to the altar of the Churchon "England's day atRome" There is a little story about St Thomas in his days of temporalgreatnessatHenryscourt which showsclearly that he had no illusions about the real temper of hismonarch He and Henry were walking in the gardens discussingsomeproblems when Henry in token of hisgreat affection for his trusty servant, placd hi arm aroundhis neck as they walked When Henryhaddeparted a friend remarked toSt Thomas on the King's intimacy withhiscounsellor,but St Thomasreplied: "As to my sovereigns great friendship for me t the moment I have no doubt, but if my head would win for him a castle in Spain I have no doubtthat he would not scruple to have itcutoff" And so it waslater when Henry wanted t set himself up assupreme ruler over the Church and the State St. Thomas More though recognising Henry a: the lawful sovereign of the State, suffered martyrdom sooner than desert his Faith, AUNT BESSY

k k k # Morley Park

DearAunt Besy,Once again I am writing to you as I promi :d We received a letter from my brothers in Palestine, which am by ir mail My brothers said that no mail have been delivered t them since they leftWestern Austrlian shores I hop you receive the money deired this year andwillbeable to helpthe Bushies. I am going to try to be a regular Cornerite fromnow n Wihing you th bestofsuccess,Iwillclose HONORA

Dear Honora,-I am verypleased to see one of your bright little letters in the mailagain, andI hope you will try tokeep ourpromiseand be a reg .r writer I am sure vour brothes 1 Palestine are having a great time, for they will now be abl to see tha Ho Places wher Ou Divine Lord lived when He was on earth, and als the place where He was crucified I sup pose youwishyouwere there,too, but perhaps weare luckier than wereali nbeing far away from the war zne:., UNT BESSY

f 4444444

CARDBOARD BRIGADE

Volunteers are badly needed for the 1940 Brigade Letters may be written to the Corner under an assumed name, but all volunteers must also supply their real name and full address, so that a Pinkie may be sent on In this way they may gather thirty brownies for the Bushies, a small amount in itself, but quite sufficient if allwill help

See C. H. JAMES COMMISSION AGENT, NORTHAM.

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Cottesloe

Dear Aunt Bessy,-Will you kindly send me a name and address of a Bushie family to whom I could send my Catholic papers regularly I have enclosed a stamped, addressed envelope E M K

Dear E M K,I am very glad you wrote in for a name, as I still have quite a number on hand and would like to see them all adopted I am sure Catholic literature is verv welcome in these homes where it is difhicult toget a Catholic education AUNT BESSY. k k k Jolimont

Dear Aunt Bessy,Itisquite a long time since I wrote to vou last but I have been working hard for you just tbe same I have a lot of stamps saved and I am sending them along with this letter I have also saved a few pennies and would like vou to send me a prick card I don't get a great many pennies as Daddy says they are too hard to get these days and they are all needed, but I think II! be able to fill in a prick card be ore very long I'll get some of my pals toputaprickonitforyou They have been helping me to collect the stamps

JOHN LINDSAY

DerJohn,Ihavesent you a prick card and I think vou areaverv wor thymember of the Cardboard Brigade to tackle the problem of collecting pennies so valiantly I know the pennies are indeedvery scarce just now but I m sure youand your little friend: willdoyourbestwiththe card, The stamps arrived safely and were suchanicecollection too Thankyou very mueh ' AUNT BESSY

k k k k Mt Lawley

Dear Aunt Bessy,-Just a few lines to wish the Corner suecss for the second half of the year I am enclosing 2'6 to help you along BUSHIES' FRIEND

D r Bushies' Friend, Your tter

c: meout of themail bag safely but I think youhave forgotten all about the 2'6, it wasn't there Perhaps you for t te put in n, did you? AUNT BESSY

ADOPT A BUSHIE.

If you wish to forward "The Record and any other Catholic literature to a Bushie family sund a stamped-addressed envelope to Aunt Bessy who will forward you a name and address Actually no literature itself must be sent to this officeonly the stamped, addressed envelope

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Official Organ of the Archdiocese of Perth ESTABLISHED 1874

Who Will Succeed President Cardenas Fateful Election Next Month

On July 7, according to the Constitution, Mexico must elect a new President to succeed President Cardenas One of the biggest question marks in the presidential campaign now in full blast is: What will be the attitude of the new Mexican President towards the Church? No one can yet accurately answer the question, but some idea may be formed from a review of the candidates

THE candidates for the Mexican Presidency are General Avila Camacho, General Juan Almazan, and a "Potential Putschist," General Joaquin Amaro According to the American news-magazine, Time,' which calls the election campaign a "War of Succession," General Avila Camacho "is not much of a general and not much of a strong man ' but backed bv Lombardo Toledano, the John I Lewis of Mexico, General Avila is getting a big build-up His stencilled name and face are on every available wall and sidewalk Supported mostlv bv the Left, Candidate Avila talks Right."

General Juan Andreau Almazan, according to "Time," is supported by the Right and talks Left

He claims the backing of the Mexican Revolutionary Party (which supports Cardenas) and has promised peasant ownership of the land in place of the present collectivist svstem He also has the backing of many business interests, would probably play ball with foreign business A favourite game of the Almazanistas' is to rip down Avila Camacho posters during the night and replace them with Almazan posters, which are in turn ripped down the next night and replaced by Avila Camacho posters "

"General Joaauin Amaro, who made himself unpopular with the Army by putting it to work, now talks like a fascist Nazi agents, who immigrated as refugees, help to spread his ideas Though General Amaro's followers are few, his nuisance value is great ''

Review of Situation

A review of the situation shows that no Mexican President since 1926, the year Calles began his bloody persecution, has shown so little violence toward the Church as President Cardenas While the liberalising process has hardly gone beyond the bare allowance of the Church's right to live, this s far more than was done during the regime of Calles, Portes Gil, and Rubio Rodrigues

Some have said that Cardenas et the Church alone because he figured socialist education would wipe t out n the long run Others have mentioned his friendship for Archbishop Martinez Primate j of the Mexican Church, as the decisive factor in the Government's failure to pursue a priest-baiting campaign such as had been carried on since 1926 Whatever the truth mav be, churchmen have breathed more easily since 1935, and the Mexican people responded to the Cardenas programme by backing the President loyally whenever he seemed to need the approval of public opinion

Since 1917 the struggle in Mexico has been a bitter one Men who were pledged to the Communist ideal penetrated into Gov-

ernment offices, held responsible positions, and flooded the country with propaganda The anticlerical drives of the 1926-1934 period found support in Red ranks

Obregon, after the death of Caranza; Calles, irom 1924 to 1933; and all the little "leaders" in all walks of Mexican politics pretended to be Reds who were preparing the way for a Mexican Socialist State

This trend reached its height under President Lazaro Cardenas, who, handpicked by Calles to be his "dummy" President from 1934 to 1940, turned on his "master" and exiled him from the country in the summer of 1935. The trend to the Left continued until all the American Republics of Latin origin came to look upon Mexico as an ultra-radical sister from which almost anything extreme might be expected.

The Labour leader, Vicente Lombardo Toledano, a force in Mexican politics, emerged from the ranks of the dying Regional Confederation of Workers and Peasants (CROM) to found the new Confederation of Mexican Workers He deserted his old chief Morones, a Calles chieftain of importance, and rushed to support the new man of the hour, Cadenas Intelligent, hard-working, a spellbinder who dazzled the mass of workers, who made up the majority of his followers, Toledano increased his power until he and the national committee of the C T M became a Government within a Government Communism Condemned

But now, it seems, reaction has set in. The Franco victorv in Spain, with its traditionalist and nationalistic implications, has had profound effects on the thinking of all Hispanic American nations

The European war, coming on the heels of the German-Russian alliance, allowed writers and speakers a brilliant opportunity to link the two dictatorships together, and to show the rank and fle of labour that Hitlerism and Stalinism were brothers under the skin Lastlv Russia's attack on Finland brought torrents of condemnation upon Communism, and disturbed the propaganda of Mexican Reds

There is little doubt but that the man with the best possibility of being elected is General Manuel Avila Camacho, former Minister of National Defence, brother of General Maximino Avila Camacho, Governor of Puebla, and one of the outstanding political figures in the country

In fact manv sav that Manuel is but the shadow of Maximino, for the governor was far better known than the Defence Minister until the latter was chosen as the Presidential candidate of the M R P (Party of the Mexican Revolution)

LAZARO CARDENAS, handpicked by Calles to be his "dummy" President from 193440; he turned on his "master,'' exiled him in 1935

Not So Radical.

One can hardlv contend that Avila Camacho is a reactionary" candidate He is a close follower of Cardenas; he is the leader of the Mexican Revolutionarv Partv which controls the countrv's election machinery; and he has said on repeated occasions that he intends to carry on the policies of Cardenas Yet there are indications that Avila Camacho will not be so radical as Cardenas

Avila Camacho comes from a respectable family in the State of Puebla When his mother died during the past year, he and his brother the Governor of Puebla, accompanied by most of the chief functionaries of the State and manv of the nation, attended the memorial Mass celebrated bv the Archbishop of Puebla Although he has had to accept the banner of radicalism which the P R M pretends to carry, Camacho believes Mexican labour and capital should march together It can be said without fear of contradiction that the great majority of his speeches have been progressive rather than radical, conciliatory on social questions rather than defiant or hostile

His opponent, Almazan, is frankly and openly opposed to the extreme measures which have characterised Mexican Governments since 1917.

He has criticised in bitter terms the agrarian programme, socialistic education mistreatment of the Church, the abuse of labour legislation, the widespread lack of law and order throughout the country, and the rich politicians who gather wealth while pleading for "the cause of the proletariat "

Under present circumstances, Almazan has hardly a chance to win But his campaign has helped to awaken the nation from its political lethargy and to arouse its better elements to action

President Cardenas never has admitted that his Government had anything in common with Russian Communism, though he supported the Left forces in the Spanish war, and has given a traditional Mexican welcome to thousands of political refugees from that tragic affair; he has never considered seriously the

possibility of renewing diplomatic relations with Russia and twice within the past three months he has so shocked Mexican Reds that many of the leaders denounced him openly and withdrew their "support " The first shock came when Cardenas condemned the Russian attack on Finland; the second when he announced that his Government "was not Communistic " and that he had no intention of interfering, either openly or by subterfuge, in the present Presidential elections Article on Education

The country was recently arotsed at news that the executive office had formulated a project to regulate the Third Article of the Constitution Relating to education, Article Three had been reformed in 1934 to read: "Education in Mexico shall be socialistic " At that time, in spite of protests, the Department of Education embarked on its pro-

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gramme of Sovietisation; but with the passing years, alarm died down and socialistic education became little more than a line in the law books Therefore it seemed that the new project had been designed to rectify all the errors committed since 1934 But when it was published mass meetings were held; prominent men and women throughout the country denounced the regulations a5 monstrous; hundreds of petitions were sent to the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate Not since the oil lands were expropriated in 1938 had there been such an outburst of public opinion; the big difference this time was that 2 the people were against the Government's action instead of being for it, as they had been two years previously However the Chamber of Deputies passed the project unan mouslv Two davs later, the Senate duplicated the action But there was a unanimous publie protest against the law The Mexican public is seldom artculate; the Mexican press seldom forthright in ts condemnation o' Government action This time the voice of the country-publie opinion-and the voice of the press reached a new high in op position to Government action

It is a good sign; it means tha' a national conscience is either being developed or is awakening•