The Record Newspaper 13 June 1940

2,934

Registeredatthe GPO, Perth, for transmission by post asanewspaper

PERTH THURSDAY, JUNE 13, 1940

SIXTY-SEVENTH YEAR

176 Million Condemn Invasion "UNJUSTIFIABLE AND CRUEL"

Strict Neutrality

PROTEST BY ALL AMERICAN REPUBLICS SENT TO VATICAN

The Papal Nuncio in Monte Video. Archbishop Alberto Levame, has sent to the Holy See a protest from the 21 American Republics against the Nazi invasion of Belgium, Holland and Luxemburg

The protest-made on behalf of The presence oi Mexico among 176,000,000 people-was com- the signatories does notmean that municated to the Nuncio by Dr the Mexican Government agreed lberto Guani Foreign Minister to the sending oi the protest to of Uruguay It reads: the Holy See

"In accordance with the princoles of international aw an" THEY WORKED FOR PEACE the application of resolutions adopted by them in their Continental conferences, the American States consider unjustifiable and cruel the violation by Germany of the neutrality and sovereignty of Belgium, Holland and Luxemburg

•The consulative conference held at Panama in 1939 established that violation of neutrality or invasion of the weak as a means of securing triumphs in wars justifies a protest by Americans

"Therefore the American countries resolve to protest against military attacks against Belgium, Holland and Luxemburg, and at the same time to make an appeal for the re-establishment of right and justice in relations among peoples''

The 21 republics are:

Argentina Mexico

Bolivia Nicaragua

Brazil Panama

Chile Paraguay

Colombia Peru

Costa Rica Salvador

Cuba Santo Domingo

Ecuador United States

Guatemala Uruguay

Haiti Venezuela

Honduras

The Holy Father, of course, has already condemned the Nazi invasion bv saving in his messages to the King oi the Belgians and Queen Wilhelmina that the German troops entered "against the will and rights" of the people

The Vatican newspaper, "Osservatore Romano,'' has reinforced the Holy Father's protest by declaring that "the present conflict has dragged into its whirlwind three nations that wanted peace and worked for peace'

This statement recalls the efforts for peace in which King Leopold and Queen Wilhelmina sought the support of the Holy Father in the early days of the war

Count Dalla Torre, editor of the "Osservatore,'' declares that the German invasion has not the benefit of a single excuse

Sentiments of humanity, of Christian charity, of good relations between the nations, the principles which form the asis of a peaceful civilisation, are bound to suffer, he declares The latest news is but an unhappy repetition of similar events that have already created a precedent

Yet remarks the "Osservatore's" editor Belgium and Holland, let alone Luxemburg, had alwavs maintained their neutrality with scrupulous vigilance, with strict lovaltv, as was lately confirmed bv the President of the Belgian Council at Charleroi and the many Dutch declarations and articles, all inspired with the same motive: We will maintain absolute neutrality We will take up arms only ii we are attacked' Count Dalla Torre points out the contradiction between the terrible German aggression and the often-repeated principles oi Pope Pius II; he points out how irreconcilable is the German action with the principles of positive and natural rights, with the rules of humanity, and shows how they oppose the teachings of the Pope regarding the organisation of a just peace and his declaration of the right to existence and independence of all nations, great or small

The "Osservatore" comment ends with a paraphrase of the recent declarations of the Holy Father: " Mav God Who n His forgiveness emphasises His power, check this whirlwind of death that bears down upon redeemed humanitv

May He protect and guard Italy; may He triumph over the world: and may He restore peace among the peoples and the nations' Bad Faith

On the following day the "Osservatore" continued its attack upon Nazi aggression

Analysing the political and illegal aspects of the German invaontinued on Back Cover, Column I

Country Orders Receive Our Special Attention

A fat man, riding to his home on a crowded bus, remembered quite suddenly that he had two pound notes in his coat pocket Thrusting his hand into the pocket, he was surprised to find the hand of a fellow passenger "So," he shouted angrily "picking my pockets, eh?" "Let go my hand!" bellowed the other Thief!" shouted the fat man 'Ret!"' hissed the thin man Then a timid-looking man in their vicinity said, "If you two gentlemen don't mind taking your hands out of my pocket, I Il get off at the next stop"

k #k ii

Visitor: "And why can't you walk to the bus stop with me?"

Doreen: "Because we're going to have our tea as soon as you go ' it

A Welsh regimental choir was singing outside the officers' mess after dinner The colonel sitting over his port called the unmusical sergeant-major "Look here," he said, "go and tell the choir to sing Sweet and Low The sergeant-major went out and bawled to the leader: 'If you blokes can't make less noise the colonel says you've got to clear off"

k k k k On going into the cowshed, the farmer was surprised to find his new hand a town girl giving one of the cows a drink from her milking pail "What are ye doin' that for?" he demanded Well," explained the girl, "the milk seemed pretty thin to me, so I thought I'd better put it through the process again."

t t k t young peer now in the Army, was taking parade the other day He noticed a man swaying ominously "What's the matter with that man sergeant?" he said The sergeant made a close inspection Drunk as a lord, my lord," he snapped

k A little girl went into a butcher's shop and asked for a pennyworth of steak "Come" said the butcher "that won't be enough for a growing grl like you' I don't want to eat it,' she replied; "I want to make smehinges for my rabbit hutch!'

k

st On and on went the club bore his curious subject being "mental aberration" "Of course," he declared presently, "there are degrees of insanity '' A gleam shot into the eyes of one exasperated listener I? that's so," he snapped, III bet you took an Honours one' k k k k

"This is a good restaurant, isn't it?" said the Australian soldier to the waiter of a London cafe, "Yes sir, best in town, sir," said the waiter "If you order a fresh egg, you get the freshest egg n the world, sir· If you order hot coffee, you get the hottest coffee in the world sir If-"

"You've said it,'' interrupted the Australian "I ordered a small steak'' t k With a puzzled look on his chubby face, the small boy sought his mother 'I wish daddy wasn't a professor,' he said "It makes him so absentminded.''

"Why, what's he done now?" asked mother "Well. I met him in the street just now and he said: 'Hallo, my boy, I seem to know your face How's your father?" i # k

"We've got a most annoying officeboy who whistles while he works"

'You're lucky Ours just whistles"

The new recruits to the barrage bal loon squad had received all sorts of instructions one being that they must make sure there were no leaks in the balloons

An hour or so later the sergeant on duty was staggered to see one of the rawest of the newcomers start to climb the cable, a bucket of water dangling from him by a rope "What the -do you think you're doing?" he roared The other blokes say there's a slow puncture in the balloon,' was the reply, "and I've got to find it.''

f Little Joan had been evacuated to the country, to stay with an aunt with very strong ideas on the behaviour of small girls And Jean was unhappy "You're homesick," said aunty "No, Im not" replied Joan; "I'm here-sick."

a k ik

After his first visit to London, he was [ telling his wife some of his most inter- ] esting experiences. And the bars and pubs are so large, too!" he exclaimed I went into one of the biggest pubs for curiosity ' Oh!" replied his wife who knew him "And how much is curiosity a glass?"

k Four Tommies had settled down to a game of cards in a quiet corner of the trenches Suddenly a great commotion was heard and one of the players jumped up to the look-out step "Hi, you fellows!" he shouted A whole enemy division coming over!"

Another Tommy got up with a bored look on his face "All right," he said "You get on with the game I'm dummy this hand; I'II go."

•

k

As the vicar started to go up the front steps of his church, a stately old lady stopped him with the request: Would you do me a favour?''

"Certainly, madam"

Then please help me up these steps."

Arriving at the top, she paused for breath Then she asked: "Can vou tell me who is preaching to-day?"

Why-er-the vicar is.'

"Then will you do me another fav our and help me down again.'

# With a terrific crash, the motor-car shot headlong nto the hole in the road, 'Here vou !• yelled the watchman "Did you see that notice saying the ' road was closed?" "I did,'' replied the motorist, as he started to climb out of the hole, "but I found it wide open.'

t k #k

After a very festive evening, the soldier was going back to camp So happy was he that he just had to sing Then from the darkness came a very stern command:

"Here. vou! Shut up!"

I don't know who you are," replied the soldier indignantly, "but I won't stand that from anyone!"

"Well, if you want to know, I'm a 'special' "Don't care if you are" was the retort I wouldn't shut mp for you 1 you were a 'last edition.'

k k k #

After his day's fishing, the angler was "telling the tale'' toa neighbour over the garden fence

"Splendid sport!" he said proudly "I caught the biggest fish to-day I've ever got yet It weighed a good four pounds' "Yes, and isn't daddy kind?" lisped his small daughter "He gave it to my kitten!"

k k k k The squad of raw recruits were not to the NCO.'s liking The simple orders, "Right Turn," Left Turn," left the men in hopeless confusion. For a few moments the instructor looked at them in disgust "It's no use," he exclaimed, "it's not an NCO you guys want-it's a sheepdog!"

k k k The Welsh collier was seen by an evacuee in one of the side-streets of the village as he propped up a mirror on the parlour window-sill and prepared to shave "How funny,"' said the little boy 'Do you always shave outside like this?" Of course, boy,' replied the collier with a grin 'I'm not fur-lined"

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Thursddy, June 13, 1939

The Powerof God

and The

Pope

"Enquirer," Goondiwindi, Q'land. A person asked me recently why the Pope does not stop the war He is not the first man who has asked that question, even though it is a rather unreasonable question The present Pope and his two predecessors, Popes Pius XI and Benedict XV, did everything in their power to secure lasting peace in Europe Three times during the last war, Benedict XV endeavoured to mediate between the belligerents and to stop the inhuman slaughter of the youth of the world. One and all they refused to listen to him France, Britain, Russia and Italy signed a pact, known as the London Pact'' to prevent the Pope "from taking any steps whatever for the conclusion of peace or the settlement of questions bound up with the war" The Papal proposals rejected by the Allies (a) the reciprocal condonation of war damages, (b) the reciprocal restitution of occupied territory, (e) the equitable settlement of racial and territorial questions would have done much had they been accepted, to prevent the very possibility of the rise of Hitler As far back as 1922, Pope Pius XI warned the world that unless the hatred and distrust which remained fter the Treaty of Versaille were removed, the world would again be involved in an even more devastating war Before the present war broke out, he made use of every diplomatic and spiritual channel to prevent th conflict and was publicly thnked by the British Government Th ruling Pontiff, Pope Pius XII, in collaboration with President Roosevelt, has left no stone unturned to bring abut a just and honourable peace # k k

The Greatet Influence in the World" He stated that the Holy Father has the greatest influence possible in the world, and on at least a determining sector of the warring nations

It is true tht the Holy See i the great t moral pwer in the world today That is fact worth noting for, during the pat two hundred years, the political power of the Continent has endeavoured to a greater or le degree to destroy the power of the Church in general and of the Papacy in particular The Kulturkampf of Bismarck in Germany the intrigues of the Grand Orient, and the anti-clerical laws in France, the bitterly anti-Catholic activities of the old Italian regime, the system of gdless education in vogue in practically every country in Europe these influences and others too numerous to mention here had one main end in view: the destruction of the nfluenc and even the existence f the hurch, the removal of all religious idea from public life, and the setting up of sy stems of government which would rule the world to the exclusion of 'hrit Politicians usurped the function: of Divine Providence and States set themselves up in the place of God. Now that they have made such mn appalling mess of things, the more thoughtful of them are once again turning to the Church to save the civilisation they did so much to destroy, while the less thoughtful, the ignorant and the malicious, calmly blame the Church for not saving them from the disaster which they brought upon themselves after binding the Church hand and foot and rejecting all Christian teaching t k t The Pope Should Have

He thinks that the Pope should have told the Catholics on either side what course to take

The Pope has told the Catholics on both sides what course to take. In the first place, he has repeatedly urged Catholics all over the world to pray for the return of peace and sanity to Europe Secondly, he has assisted and encouraged the German Catholics n their resistance to the brutal and immoral paganism of Hitler Thirdly, he has exposed the murderous persecution of religion in Poland and, deSpite the scant publicity given to his pronouncements by the daily Press, his efforts have hardened world opinion against the Nazis Finally it seems to be largely due to the moderating influence of the Holy See that Fascist Italy has not yet thrown in its lot with the barbarians in the North For example, he said, if the Allies are In the wrong, he should have forbidden Catholics in Allied countries to fight, and if the Germans are wrong, he should have placed the same prohibition on the German Catholics.

Thus are the world's problems solved by people who know little or nothing about them Were the Pope to intervene as your friend suggests, he would be immediately condemned on all sides and told to keep out of politics Sup-

The War.

pose he forbad the German Catholics to fight What would be the result?

The German Catholics are already subject to cruel persecution and any Papal instruction forbidding them to fight would simply be used as a pretext for further persecution Again, how are the German Catholics to be reached and convinced of the injustice of the German cause, bearing in mind the fact that all the means of publicity and propaganda are in the hands of the Nazi enemies .of the Church? Ca-

If such measures were at all feasible or practical, you may rest assured that the Pope would have adopted them That they have not been adopted is sufficient proof that they were not practical and, perhaps, not even possible, for, unlike your friend, the Pope is thoroughly acquainted with European conditions He further supposes that the Pope is in a position to be able to judge which side is in the right.

Correct, The Pope, precisely because of his supra-national status, his solicitude for the Catholics of all nations and his supreme office as the teacher and custodian of Christian reli-

According to the Scriptures, God has the power to control the destiny of the world.

Correct That God has complete dominion over all things created is demonstrable by reason and also known with certainty from Divine Revelation That there is evil in the world is another fact, evident from experience, We must reconcile the two sets of facts as best we can But to denv or distort either set oi facts because we cannot fully understand how thev are to be reconciled would be childish and unreasonable God could have created a world in which there

ZAD.} REL E%

tholics would immediately be branded as traitors to their country and treated accordingly The weak and the ignorant would fall away from the Church, lose their Catholic Faith and probably end up by losing their souls

The Pope is above national quarrels

He is bound to safeguard the spiritual interests of Catholics of whatever nation to the best of his ability, As far as possible, he must not do anything that would endanger the salvation of a single soul People who have no appreciation of spiritual values may find it hard to understand this attitude, but until it is understood, there can be no just estimate of the position of the Catholic Church # k Preventing the War

In this way he assumes that the war vwould have been prevented

The

gion and morals, is in a better position tojudge the justice of a cause than any other man in Europe

As a matter of fact, the Pope has repeatedly and emphatically condemned the godless and aggressive regime of Hitler He has declared that the Al lied cause is just He defended the justice of the cause of Poland and Czecho-Slovakia against Hitler; the justice of the Finnish resistance to the Red hordes of Stalin; he condemned the immorality and brutality of the aggressors in every case When Hitler's armies invaded Holland and Bel gium the Pope wrote to the King of the Belgians and to the Queen of Ho!land, declaring that on their side was right and justice; that Hitler was once again guilty of shameless bad faith and unjust and inhuman aggression

of The * t Claims

Perplexed," Petersham, N,S W :

You said in one of your talks that what we see to-day is poverty in the midst of plenty. orrect

You said that the majority suffer at the hands of the few

I said that the injustice of godless men had deprived the masses of the nece: aries provided in abundance by God

The Catholic Church claims to be the champion of the majority

The Catholic Church claims to be the champion of the Divine teaching and law revealed to the world by Jesus Christ a fact which has nothing to do with majorities or minorities, k k t

The Problem of Evil

The Scriptures proclaim that God created the world and everything thereon, including good and evil

The Scriptures proclaim that God s the Creator of all things that exist outside Himself But they neither proclaim nor imply that God created evil Evil is not a positive reality; it is the privation of good Blindness, for example, is an evil, but it is not a positive reality; it is the absence and privation of something which should normally be present in man, namely, the sense of sight Ill health is not a positive thing, but the privation of health

Pain is positive as a sensation; but its evil character consists in this, that it deprives the sufferer of his sense of well-being Moral evil or sin is not itself something positive but the privation of moral rectitude in the will; a privation of right order in the will in relation to its final end, The act, for instance, by which a man commits murder, as an act, is positive and good in itself It is said to be evil because it involves a privation of moral rectitude in the will The same will be found to be true of all evil whether physical or moral: It is not a positive reality, but the absence or rather the privation of some good Since evil as evil has no positive reality it was not created by God It arises from the limitations and deficiences inherent in the very nature of finite things or, in the case of moral evil, through the abuse of free will k k kt k The Pig and the Sty

Why are evil doers responsible, when environment determines the character of the individual If environment really determined the character and the actions of the individual, he would not be responsible for his actions But such is not the case The individual is influenced by his environment; not determined bv it for, in normal life, he has the power of free choice Normal men know that they are free in the same way that they know they think or exist, namely, because thev have immediate and intimate experience of the

Church

fact that they are free; as they have immediate and intimate experience of the fact that they think and exist

Persons who have lost the use of the power oi free choice through physical or mental disease are not responsible for their actions That is admitted by all and need not detain us here

But normal men are not subject to such disabilities They are influenced by environment but their actions are not all inevitably determined bv environment, Environmental factors may provide the motives on which the power of free choice is exercised They influence the choice which a man freely makes But in the conflict of motives, he himself freely decides which motive is to prevail and, not infrequently, he deliberately chooses a course of action directly opposed to the influence of environment

An American writer has stated the position rather well The difference, he sid, between the Communist and the Catholic position is this: The Communist holds that the sty makes the pig what it is. The Catholic holds that the pig makes the sty what it is

The Communist teaches that man is merely the creature of his environment

The Catholic teaches that man, though influenced by environment is not inevitably determined bv environment and can often become the master of his environment

would be no evil; He could, if He so wished, remove all evil from the present world in an instant Why did He not create a world free from pain and suffering? Why does He not remove evil from the present world?

Why God created the present world rather than another we do not know, for He has not told us the reason and there is no other way of knowing it He does not remove evil from the world in which we live (a) because He is in no way the cause of evil; (b) because He does not will pain or suffering for their own sake but only as a means to a higher good, namely, to detach men from this present life and fix their attention on their true destiny in the world to come, to bring out many of the best qualities of human nature which would otherwise remain dormant and as a fitting punihment for disregard of His law by sin; (e) because He is in no wav the cause of moral evil or sin, which He forbids absolutely though He will not interfere with the gift of free will, He permits moral evil onlv as the occasion of a greater good, as, for example, He permitted the Jews to put Christ t death, and out of that death wrought the salvation of the world k k k Why Does God Permit War?

k

War is at once the result and the punishment of sin As long as there s pride, greed, and injustice there wil always be war, for they are related a cause and effect Divine Revelation is quite definite on this point In the Epistle of St James we read: "From whence are wars and contentions among you? Are they not hence from your concupiscences which war in your members? You covet and have not: you kill and envy, and cannot obtain You contend and war, and you have not, because you ask not" (iv,, 1-2)

War is likewise the punishment of sin St Paul declares: Because that, when they knew God they have not glorified Him as God or given thanks, but become vain in their thoughts and their foolish heart was darkened Therefore God gave them up to the desires of their heart Who changed the truth of God into a lie; and worshipped and served the creature rather than the Creator" (Rom I, 2125) For the last two centuries, the nations of Europe have repudiated God and tried to run the world without Him To punish them, God has

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allowed them to have their way, and now in the horrors of war we reap the iruit of the apostasy; and people who had no scruple about killing scores of thousands of unborn children will now be in a position to realise what murder really means

The Church condones a state of affairs where Catholic fights Catholic in the interest of a minority

That is utterly untrue, and could come only from one who has reverently accepted lying propaganda as gospel truth. No institution on earth has been more outspoken in its condemnation of Industrial Capitalism and its attendant evils than the Catholic Church If only you had taken the trouble to find out what the Catholic position really isby reading the Papal Encyclicals, for instance-you would never have "rushed in" with wild charges of that sort

Has the Church Failed?

The true Church, as you call it, has had a long lease and failed to establish a state of affairs which guarantees our daily bread

The Catholic Church has not failed Catholic teaching and laws of conduct were found difficult and abandoned If you knew anything of the History of Europe in recent centuries you would realise that the whole root of our preent trouble is national apostasy from God and the law of God; godless gov· ernment, godless education, godless social life, supported and justified by a godless philosophy and literature, It

is silly to blame the Church for the l disasters caused by the rejection of Christian teaching gain, it is not the function of the Church to provide people with their daily bread It is the duty of the Church to teach men the doctrine of Christ and to prepare them for their true destiny in the world to come Nevertheless, when the influence of the Church was at its zenith during the Middle Ages, people enjoyed social and economic conditions which were happier and more just than at any other time before or since

The Church and the Social Question, The Church has never provided anything worth while, especially a universal education in economics and sociology

More wild charges! The teaching oi the Church is the teaching of Christ and, therefore, Divine truth in every particular That truth is not only worth while but absolutely vital to the human race The Church has given to the world a complete and practical programme of social restoration based on the Gospel teaching; a programme which is much more revolutionarv than Communism For Communism is not really a revolution in the sense of a revolt and a turning back It is rather the natural and logical conclusion of our present godless system, with all the worst features of that system intensified and increased The Catholic social programme, on the other hand is really revolutionary, for its means a turning away from

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the godless system which has brought so much miserv on the world and a turning back to those Christian principles of life and conduct which should never have been abandoned Furthermore, your assumption that a universal education in economics and sociology will provide an effective remedy for our social ills is exceptionally superficial and inept True, the Soeial Question is an economic question, for the immediate problem is economie in character namely the just distribution amongst the people of the goods which belong by natural right to the people But primarily and fundamentally it is a question of morals and religion not of economics, It is a question of morals, ie, of right and wrong The social injustices which is the central evil of Industrial Capitalism is a serious moral wrong a violation of the Commandment, "Thou shalt not steal,' so enormous that, in the words of Sacred Scripture, it cries to heaven for vengeance The Social Question is also a religious ques tion, for behind that social injustice is the rejection of God Had the nations respected God and the law of God, the social injustice which characterises modern Capitalism would never have arisen

The root of the evil is in the hearts and wills of men; of men who are private citizens, or of men who are entrusted with the government of the nations Unless you can reach and reform the secret thoughts and motives of the human heart, all the Sociology and Economics in the world will do more harm than good Only Christianity can reform the human heart, and, therefore, unless the world returns to Christianity, it will simply go from injustice to injustice, from disaster to worse disaster and civilisation will founder in a maelstrom of savagery k k ii

CATHOLIC SOCIAL TEACHING.

Intellectual Proletarian," Sydney: If your Utopia is reached men will re ceive in private possession their share of the world's goods according to individual needs and capacities

The Catholic Church has too much respect for realities to look for a utopia n this world And even if a worldly utopia were possible, they would remember the solemn warning of the Son of God: that it doth not profit a man to gain the whole world and suffer the loss of his own soul, In this, Catholicism differs from Communism which ignores the proneness of human nature to evil and the fact of sin The only effective restraint to the evil tendencies in human nature comes from the teaching and the safeguards of re ligion When religion s repudiated, as it must be repudiated under Communism these evil tendencies will assert themselves and again work havoc in the world, as they have worked havoc under Capitalism

Secondly, the Catholic Church in her programme of social reform does not lost sight of the true nature of man and his destiny in the world to come But Communism by placing the final end of man in this world induces a fundamental perversion into human nature itself and, while that radical perversion remains, there never can be any real happiness in the world. t t Private Property

Then the same old hell will be born again

The evils of Industrial Capitalism did not arise from the right of private property, but from the abuse of that right

You must not confuse the right of private property as taught by the Catholic Church with the pagan and liberalistic ideas of property For the ancient pagan and the more modern liberal of the extreme school, private property meant the unrestricted acquisition and control of the goods of the earth wit out any consideraion of the rights o others or of the community as a whole That is the concept of private property behind modern Capitalism, but it i flatly opposed to the Christian concept of property According to Catholi Social teaching men have the natural right of access, direct or indirect, to share of the world's natural sources of wealth for the purpose of exploiting these by labour and thereby gaining a sustenance from them both for themselves and their dependents But men have no natural right to ownership of more productive wealth than is necessary for a decent human livelihood; which includes the means to marry, to support and educate a normal family, and reasonably develop all his human faculties Man has this right from nature itself and therefore from God the Author of nature, prior to the State and independently of the State

The State has the right and the dutyto prevent ownership becoming the monopoly of a few individuals thus dispossessing the masses of the people and depriving them of economic security and independence

That is the Christian concept of private property as distinct from the pagan and the liberalist idea Where that doctrine is respected, the "same old hell" will not rise again k The Rise of the Exploiter

Some man will come along who will trick others into surrendering their property for some specious reason and by thus absorbing more and more property, he will simply be come a new capitalist It is the duty ot public authority to prevent the abuse of the right of private ownership It betrays its sacred trust if it does not do so Men my quite reasonably be allowed to possess some surplus wealth in so far as the common good of the whole community requires it, but, at the same time, the man concerned is responsible to the community and to God for the use he makes of his wealth If he abuses it to deprive others of the property to which they have a strict right in justice or uses it in any other way opposed to the good of the community, the State is in duty bound to put an end to the abuse and to publish the evildoer

If men are to have protection from such trickery, itwill only be the State which can supply that protection That is true to the extent that the authority oi the State is competent to prevent such abuses But it must be remembered that without the recognition of moral principles of justice and right, which have their meaning and guarantee in religion alone, the State will neither recognise nor do its duty, In fact all talk of right and wrong of justice and injustice, would be meaningless

The State If the State provides the protection it will be supreme It will be suprem in its own sphere, but it will not be absolutely supreme, for the State is not a substitute for God The authority of the State is not unlimited It is limited by the prior and more fundamental rights of human peronality and of the family The rights of the human person and the human family re independent of the State and must be respected by the State. The authority of the State is likewise limited by the Divine Law of the Ten Commandments Without God and the law of God, there is no rational basis for civil authority itself, and no re son why anyone should be morally obliged to submit t it if he does not feel inclined to do so Furthermore, if you make the State the supreme being and the source of all rights, without the limitations im posed by the law of God and the prior rights of the individual and the family, then you simply introduce the irresponsible and tyrannical totalitarianism of Hitler and Stalin In other words, the State will be the Commonwealth collectivity Your logic is at fault, for your rgtment is based on the absurd assumption that the Totalitarian State is the only possible State The State will be th Communistic collectivity only if men adopt the absurd notion-which is the direct road to tyranny ar "pression that the State is the supreme reality ind the source of all rights But there is no reason why any sane society of human beings should adopt that idea of the State

Though the right of private ownership is a natural right it is not unlimited Man is a social being as well as an individual, He has no right to act as if other men did not exist, or as if he had no obligations to civil society The State has the right and the duty to regulate the exercise of the right of I private ownership in accordance with the requirements of the common good

Will He Find Faith

HUNDREDS of years before Our Lord's time, it had been prophesied of Him, by Isaiah, that He was to be despised and the most abject of men, a man of sorrows Never has there been so great a tragedv as the glorious tragedy of His life and death, the redemption of mankind

At the beginning of those three years of His public life, when He was working innumerable miraclesand in doing so fulfilling another prophecy about Himself of many hundred years' stand ing: God Himself will come and will save you Then shall the eyes of the blind beopened,and the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped ,''men followed Him in their thousands, the crowds pressed upon Him, listening to His every word and marvelling: "Never man spoke as this man,'' and even His political enemies, the priests and pharisees, were forced to confess angrily: the whole world is gone out aiter Him"

They Demanded a Sign

But how fickle men are! As soon as the miracles ceased, when instead He asked of them Faith, they began to desert Him Show us a sign"but He would not; "an evil and adulterous generation seeketh a sign, and a sign shall notbe given it but the sign of Jonah the prophet For as Jonah was in the whale's belly three days and three nights, so shall the Son of Man be in the heart of the earth three days and three nights''but that prophecy of His Resurrection that final gn and proof of His Divinity, needed Faith, and so, many of His disciples went back and wlked n more with Him"

And at th end what a contrast to two years before what a contrast even to five day beforePalm Sunday those same thousand. now clamoured for His blood· "Crucify Him crucify Him; His blood be upon us and upon our children nd their voice, the voice of th crowd prevailed They crucified Him, and He hung there on the cross hang;ing between heaven and earth, reds ming mankind mankind stood round and jeered Again, mocking, they demanded a sign "He saved others Himself he cannot save; If thou be the Christ the Son of God come down from the cross and we will believe: Come down from the Cross." But He would not a sign shall not be given them but th gn of Jonah-He would nt come down, He stayed there to die for mankind.

Whilst they stood round the cross and jeered, there was darkness on Calvary frm h sixth to the ninth hour the sun was ipsd, and at the ninth hour tht figure stra tened th tor tured limbs of His, and cried out wit loud voice: "Father, into Thy bands' and died. And at once a great fear came on them all In silon now one by one with bowwd heads, they slunk away, ·triking their breats, glow-. ering at each other- way from Calvary, back t the town one only spoke the reason for thcir fe:r, "Indeed this was a just man."

And on Calvary th darkness began to lift, and light to how once more; the flowers reopened their petals, the birds (which had gone to roost thinking that night had come), woke again and began to sing their morning hymn n the trees round Calvarv Then the sun shone out anew and the light and warmth of its ray' sproad out over the fields of the world redeemed It was the dawn, the dawn of what St Paul calls the "new day" the day that shall last till the end o' the world- till the Son of Man shall core again

And when the Son of Man cometh ·gain, in his own words, shall He fnd, think you, Faith on earth?

Those mockers on Calvary had they found faith with their fear? The next day they came together to Pilate: "Sir, we have remembered that that seducer said while he was yet alive 'After three days I will rise again" Command therefore, the sepulchre to be guarded until the third day" "You have a guard" Pilate said; go guard it as you know" They do their utmost to prevent the sign being given that sign promused in answer to their demand

If Christ should come again tomorrow or next year-will IIe find, think You, Faith on earth?

The Inward Force

Everyone is conscious to some extent of an ideal within himself; some force, Someone, continually drawing him to a higher, better being than he is, telling him again and again that the onlv true happiness for him lies that wayin following that guiding lightand promisIng him eventually an all-satisfying happiness, an unlimited happiness that shall make up for all the injustices of his present state when and if he finally achieves that ideal And deep down

By MGR ELWES

within himself he knows that unaided he can never achieve it ,and yet at the same moment he realises that the necessary help is always there, at hand, for the asking Man is made for God his Creator, and it is man's destiny to be united to God, the infinite Goodness; and that sweet patient force within us drawing us always to goodness, and back again to goodness is God drawing us towards Himself There is no other explanation God is like a magnet, the nearer we get to Him the greater that force drawing us towards Himself, towards goodness, becomeseven though at times it be felt" the less Saints who are nearer to Him than we are do the most unaccountable things in the power of that force within themselves We know also from experience that God does not compelHe draws; but He leaves with us the power to be drawn or to resist to refuse to be drawn; to prefer ourselves to Him, our will to His We are not mere machines; we are immensely greater than that He has given us free-will The Almighty will coerce no one; He will accept only a free-will offering But we are men, creatures of spiritof will and understanding, yes, but of flesh and blood also, knowing through our senses and living in a material world. And we want to see our God, to know Him by our senses That is why the Israelites of old were always falling into the idolatry of the Pagans round them, the worship of something that they could see The first Christians were martyred because they would not worship the Roman Emperor nor his image And now in modern Europe, among those who have lost Chris tinity it is just the same, the worship of the State, of the ideal of the State, or of the Proletariat, the People God's Answer God made us and God made us that way and God knows that we are made like that And God's answerpreordained from all eternity-was to become man like one of ourselves, "God so loved the world as to give us His Only Son" Yet men of the tim of Christ, those who stood and jeered under the cross, could not and would not believe that God could love the world o much That God loved us so much as to give u His Only Son who should become a man and suffer and die on cross for us That God should, so to speak translate Godhead into human terms, that we should be able to see and hear and feel and know Him as we know one of ourselves; that ww might have the example of the perfect Man

Men disbelieved God's love because it was so great. And yet even that wa not enough for God' lov., He wanted to be still nearer t men even than His Incarnation and His life on earth for thirty-three years uld make Him He wanted t I mor· acessible to each of us, t II the millions of us who did not live in that one small place and in that on short span of time; far nearer than a mere memorv of His humanity in Palestine many hundreds of years ago could make Him His infinite love found a way and it was when the men of His day asked

on

Him: "What sign dost thou show that we may see and may believe thee?" that He promised and revealed the way that infinite love had found

''My Father giveth you the true bread from heaven for the bread of God is that which cometh down from heaven and giveth life to the world I am the bread of life But I said unto you that you also have seen me and you believe not Murmur not among yourselves No man can come to me unless the Father who sent me draw him I am the living bread which came down from heaven and the bread that I will give is my; tiesh for the life of the world. He that eateth my flesh and drinketh my blood abideth in me and I in him As the living Father hath sent me and I live by the Father so he that eateth me the same also shall live by me"

And the men of that time were scandalised and many of his disciples went back an! walked no more with him " They disbelieved God's love because it was so great

The Twelve

Only the twelve Apostles had faith enough to await the explanation and fulfilment of that promise; and when He asked themso sadly"Will you also go away?" Peter answered for them all, "Lord, to whom shall we go? Thou hast the words of eternal life and we have believed and have known that Thou art the Christ the Son oi the Living God." And so, to those twelve only-and one of them a traitorChrist months later, and on the eve of His death fulfils the promise Taking bread He blessed it and gave to them and said, 'This is my body," and then wine, Thisis the chalice of my blood which shall be shed for you"' And then, because it was not only for those twelve but for us also who should follow-had He not said "if any man eat of this bread?'He gave them and their successors the power to do as He had done, "Do this for a commemoration of me"

At the Reformation the altars were torn down, the altar-stones were placed s paving in the porches of our churches where all should walk on them the Sacrifice of the Mass was declared a blasphemy, and the successors of those twelve Apostles who should do this" were to be hanged, drawn and quartered as traitors Catho!ics believe, and always have believed, in the real presence of Our

Earth?

Lord in the Blessed Sacrament, in the consecrated Host It is one of the fundamental tenets of our Faith We hold it on the surest of all grounds, the word of Christ Himself Our ultimate hope is centred on it-the hope which Christ Himself has led us to treasure., Those who tell us we are wrongif indeed there are suchmust face the incredible, the unimaginable consequence that this manifestation of the Infinite love is man-madethat man has invented an expression of God's love which is beyond the power of Infinite Love to compass When the Son of Man cometh again, shall He find, think you, Paith on arth?

St. Paul says: "Without faith it is impossible to please God For he that cometh to God must believe that He is and is a rewarder to them that seek Him"

Faith is a gift of God by which man can believe, without doubting, whatever God has revealed.

Amen I say to you, unless you become as little children you shall not enter into the Kingdom of God -"Westminster Cathedral Chronicle"

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Thursday, June 13, 1939

Priests' Secret Hiding Holes

By FR. WILLIAM SHARP, S J

A\VElRD story clings to the ruins of Minster Lovel Manor House, Oxiordshire After the Battle of Stoke Francis, the last Viscount, fled to the house in disguise and was never seen or heard of again

For two centuries his disappearance was a baffling mystery Meanwhile the house had been dismantled and the remains tenanted by a farmer

In 1707 a concealed vault was discovered, and in it, seated before a table on which lay an open prayer-book, was the entire skeleton of a man-the Lovet who had disappeared \ similar discovery was made in 1785, in a hidden vault at the foot of a stone staircase at Brandon Hall, Suffolk At Cottam Hall, not far from Preston, there was found, early last century, a priest's secret hiding-place containing a skeleton supposed to be that of William Haydock, a monk of the Cistercian Abbey of Whaley, who had been executed at Lancaster in 1537 His body had been allowed to continue suspended on the gibbet, whence it was rescued by the Catholics and secretly removed to Cottam

It is hardly an exaggeration to say that some of the ancient mansions and halls which abound up and down the country are honeycombed with secret passages and places of concealment, and they have played a far from insignificant part in the annals of history

Charles II, after the Battle of Worcester, sought safety first in the branches of the famous "royal oak,'and then in the secret chambers of Moseley Hall (Worcester) Boscobel (Salop), Trent House (Somerset) and Heale House (Wilts) Fugitive Cavaliers at the time of the Civil War, and adherents of the luckless Stuarts during the Jacobite risings of 1715 and 1745, escaped their enemies by lying hidden in the "priests' holes" of their friends' houses The diarist Evelyn tells us how the Duke of Norfolk took him over Ham House, Weybridge, and showed him "all the hiding-places for the Popish priests and where they said Masse."

For even so late as 1778, a Catholic priest convicted of saying Mass was liable to imprisonment for life Almost every Catholic house therefore, little farms as well as great mansions, had to have its hiding-place where the missionary priests could take refuge, and, of course, Catholic Lancashire is particularly rich in these reminders of persecution days Chorley Hall, Hall-i'-the Wood, the Halls at Bolling and Huncoat and Claughton and Pleasington, to mention only a few, have quite elaborate and ingenious devices for the concealing of priests

At Birchley there is a trap-door about two feet square in the little vestry floor Over it stood a hollow wall with a secret panel, ef; fectively concealing the priest's wav of escape Speke Hall, perhaps the finest extant specimen of the wood-and-plaster styre of architecture nicknamed "Mag; pie," had many hiding-places, one of which was said to lead to a subterranean passage affording easy access to the sea-shore It was by this means that Father Richard Brittain was able to get a boat and make his escape in

Fazakerley Hall, close y, was reputed to be full of these hidden chambers; and Little Crosby had one to which Nicholas Blundel refers in his diary of November 1715: "This hous was twice sirched by some Foote as came from Leverpoole I set in a strait place for a fat man'' For many "priests' holes" were of necessity very small; the phenomenally large one at Moorcroft House, near Hillingdon (Middlesex), where ten priests once hid for four days, is quite the exception Towneley Hall, near Burnley, boasts two secret hiding-places One is only small, about six feet by five and less than a tall man's height The other is three times as large, situated at the south end of the central hall, and entered, as was fairly usual, from the top For light and ventilation there are four shafts, nine inches square, running right through the masonry of the walls This old house used to have many other ingeniously contrived priests' holes, with sliding panels, movable wainscoting, altar steps and table, which were operated by concealed latches and hinges

The famous Stonyhurst College, Blackburn, also has two known hiding-places dating back to the penal times

One is behind a bookcase: a • secret spring works the concealed door The other is just over the main entrance, with a spyhole devised in the Shireburn coat-of-arms on a marble shield, whence the hidden priest could command a view of the long avenue to Hurst Green It is said that this concealed chamber was found to contain seven richly-ornamented horse pistols and a bottle or flask, not of Mass wine or water, but of rum'

A somewhat similar discovery was made in an old house at Bishops Middleham, near Durham The owner was a well known worthy with a great reputation as a total abstainer Yet after his death there was found in his bedroom a secret hidingplace well stocked with liquor!Universe''

PRIEST ON WAY TO ST HELENA 18 MONTHS WITHOUT MASS

Father Thomas Gill, former Dublin student, is on his way across the Atlantic again to visit St Helena lonely island off the African coast

Father Gill, who works in the Cape Town vicariate, last visited the island 18 months ago when he made a record-breaking dash to get there in time to admisister the Last Sacraments to a dying slander Catholics of South Africa are helping to pay for the trip and have collected clothing, books and religious articles for the few St Helena Catholics, who are very poor

POLAND INVASION HOR· RORS FOR NEW YORK FAIR.

New York The devastation and sufferings caused by the two invading armies in Poland are to be exhibited by display units in the Polish Pavilion at the New York World's Fair The units have been designed and erected by students at the New York School of Display as their contribution to the Paderewski Fund for Polish Relief

Thursday, June 13, 1939

POPE

FOR WORKS GREAT GREAT HE

PIUS MAN AND STATESMAN

OF PEACE

By FREDERIC SONDERN Junr

NE night in December, HHS, a squad of the Proletariat Red Guard broke into the Papal Nunciature in Munich tokill Eugenio Pacelli Revolt and terror were running riot on the streets of the hungry city The Spartacus rising under Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg was reaching its height and Communist gunmen roamed the Bavarian capital Their strongest enemy was the Italian Archbishop who, unmoved by threats continued to thunder against them from the pulpit of the Munich cathedral and managed to keep the masses of the faithful in hand

His assassination was finally decreed and a Kommando dispatched to the nunciature The Spartacides forced their way in, pistols drawn Down the broad staircase to meet them came a tall spare figure in scarlet and purple calm and unflinching, a gold cros gleaming on his breast Revolvers were raised Eugenio Pacelli stood, looked and smiled quietly 'You will gain nothing by killing me," he said, his musical voice low and even 'I am only trying to help." He went on sympathising with them nd their troubles, analysing, explaining Under the ban of those compelling eyes, no one pulled a trigger Sheepishly the would-be murderers let their arms drop to their ides and, one by one, made for the door Pacelli was left standing alone

This mun as Pope Pius XII, is now spiritual ruler over 330,000,000 souls in a war-tom world and is faced with the task of leading the Catholic Church through one of the most difficult periods of its history. The Church holds colossal stakes in the struggle between the atheist Red Dictator and his semi-pagan Brown partner on the one sideand Britain and France on the other Poland, Czechoslovakia and Austria all traditional citadels of the Catholic Church, have already fallen under the heel of the Fuhrer In the Red Bolshevism of Russia and the Brown Bolshevism of the Nazis, the Vatican sees an equal menace The "'pernicious error" which the Pope singled out for condemnation (along with the doctrine of Racism) in his first Enyclical was totalitarianism crushing out not only Christianity but all religion and civilisation as well But the Church does not take sides in the war For the military defeat of Germany might bring even worse thingsbloody revolution, chaos and commupism over all Europe, Pope Pius XII has set himself the task of preventing any catastrophe to the Christian religion, whatever the war's outcome Fortunately for Christianity, the Holy See s in strong and able hands Of all the successors of Saint Peter, none was ever more fitted, by training, character, energy, experience and faith, to help humanity than the great man who now wears the Fisherman's Ring

Eugenio Pacelli was born in the shadow of the Vatican on March 2 1876 of an old Roman family which had served the Popes for generations His great-grandfather was Minister to Gregory XVI; his grandfather, Under Secretary of the Interior of the Papal States under Pius IX; and his father, dean of the College of Consistorial Advocates, an intimate of both Leo XIII and Pius X Growing up in this tradition the young Eugenio's interest centred on the Church at an early ageVatican affairs and gossip were almost the exclusive subject of conversation in the Pacelli household The other children at the public school that he attended with his brother even made un of him "Eugenio is always praying,"they said, "and reading instead of playing games." When he was 10 he volunteered as an acolyte at the Chiesa Nuova and at 15, decided to study for the priesthood

The Pacelli name opened all doors to Eugenio He went through the Royal Lyceum with honours and then to the Capranica College, reserved for the cream of the Church's recruits The tall, slim, pale student, Eugenio Pacelli was brilliant, When he was only 22, he had his doctorates of philosophy, theology and civil law and, after h1s ordination as priest he became profesor of law at the famous Pontifical Institute of Apollinare The Catholic Universitv of America, n Washington

POPES APARTMENT

(arrow)

St overlooks

Peter's Square which is JMdB common territory ot Vatican and Italy The centre doors of St Peter's (left) are opened only for the Pope

DC., offered him a chair, which he regretfully refused.

At this time the young priest caught the eye of a man who was to be his teacher and friend for many years Monsignor Pietro Gasparri, later to become the famous Cardinal and Secretary of State While Pope Leo XIII lived and Gasparri was a rising power in the Church, Pacelli advanced rapidly But Pacelli gained far more than advancement from the great Gasparri The older man was a brilliant philosopher, a charming raconteur, a Papal diplomat of wide experience and he imparted freely of his wisdom to the young priest

The special ability which Eugenio Pacelli brought to the Papacy last summer is that of the superb diplomat The experience giving him this ability began in 1914 when Pope Benedict XV made Cardinal Gasparri his Secretary of State, and Pacelli moved intothefront line of Vatican diplomacy, It meant working far into the night to keep Gasparri decided to send this young man" problems in the War Pacelli made good and in the summer of 1917 he was given his first great task The Papal Nuncio in Munich had died and Gas parri decided tosend his "young man'' to the Bavarian court He was to try from this inconspicuous vantage point, to persuade Kaiser Wilhelm to accept a reasonable peace Munich was amazed when the slim, bespectacled, ascetic 42-year-old scholar appeared in the maelstrom of Wartime diplomacy, No less was Kaiser Wilhelm surprised when the young Papal Legate first visited him at his General Headquarters at Kreuznach to present the peace plan which the Pope had worked out with the Al lies His Imperial Majesty's surprise quickly turned to admiration, however, and he afterwards wrote in his memoirs: "Pacelli is a distinguished, likable man of high intellect and excellent manners The perfect pattern of an eminent prelate of theCatholicChurch"'

The peace plan fell through, but Pacelli grew in stature

For twelve years he remained in Germany, making friends from bootblacks to Ministers, sending back reports that were classics of accurate reporting He accomplished the impossible by concluding, in the face of violent Lutheran and radical opposition, a Concordat with Prussia In 1929 he was recalled to Rome and a grateful Pope made him Cardinal

Pius XI had come to the throne and the Church was having plenty of trouble right in Rome Mussolini wished to take the youth of the nation away from the influence of the Vatican That must be fought with every legitimate weapn, and Pacelli thought the Holy Fther, was the man to do it, In February, 1930, Gasparri, with tears of affetion in his eyes, handed over the Secretariat of State to the man he had loved nd taught since boyhood

The unsuspecting, swaggering Duce, ready sure of his victory against 'the aged Vatican," suddenly fend himself in the path of a torn:db th name of DP. '; to ;et 1

strategy to whose skill even Mussolini had to bow To get a Papal Encyclical -against Mussolinissuppression of Catholic Action-past the Italian censorship into the world press without the Duce's foreknowledge Pacelli had it smuggled to Paris by two young Monsignori (one of whom was Francis J Spellman, now Archbishop of New York) Pacelli's method was unheard of for the Vatican but it worked, The progressive Cardinal-Secretary, to escape censorship for all time, promptly persuaded Pope Pius to build a radio station Most observers at the time failed to realise its significance Mussolini did The Vatican could no longer be gagged

Of the many difficult problems with which Pacelli had to deal in the succeeding years, one of the knottiest was Father Coughlin The far-flung network of the Vatican's Intelligence reported that the radio priest'' was seriously endangering Catholic prestige in the United States Pacelli characteristically decided to see for himself He took a boat, arrived in New York in Oc-

Parents:

tober, 1936, and began a triumphal tour such as few churchmen have ever had With his unfailing tact and graciousness, he made friends wherever he went New York fascinated him Three times he left his automobile to inspect the Tri borough Bridge He marveued at Radio City At the National Press Club in Washington he thoroughly intrigued the newspapermen Then in an 8,000-mile plane trip, he saw and consulted with 79 bishops in twelve of the 16 American Church provinces And the day after President Roosevelt's reelection he lunched and conferred with the President at Hvde Park It was pathetic to see the newspapermen afterwards trying to cross-examine a story out of perhaps the world's shrewdest diplomat Back in Rome, he reported his findings to the Pope Catholicism in the United States was strong enough to take care of its own problems without help

On February 10, 1939, Pope Pius XI died When, as custom demands, Pacelli had to tap the dead Pope twice on the forehead with a silver mallet calling him three times by his first name"Achille! Achille! Achille!"-his voice trailed off and he almost broke down It taught the Vatican that the man generally so controlled and unemotional, was very human indeed Two weeks later the Princes of the Church elected Cardinal Pacelli to be the 262nd Pope

The Vatican adores its master In the memory of even the oldest functionaries, there has been no one so universally beloved and respected The man who, with his thin, ascetic face, looks so cold and unapproachable from a distance. has a smile and a manner so compelling on closer contact that few can resist them He is a hero even to his valet Giovanni Stefanori has been with him for years but every

"Shall I pinch and save to give my boys or girls higher education, or shallI have them trained for busi' ness A hundred years ago higher education was a privilege of the rich Nowadavs free schools and Universities have made it so common that it is useless as a means of earning a living

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afternoon about 5 they go through a ceremony 'Giovanni,'' says the Pope have you had your wine?" (Giovanni always drinks his afternoon quarto di vina in a little bar next to the Vatican) Yes, Holy Father" "Was it good?" 'Yes Holy Father," answers Giovanni, And both smile The Pope has an incredible memory He used to demonstrate it by reading 20 verses of Homer over just twice and then reciting them out of his head He applies that knack to names and faces

And though he dislikes chatting with gardeners and Swiss Guards, which his predecessor did by the hour, he always has a kindly word for the Vatican retainers whose family problems he always seems to know about A. Lesson in How to Salute

He scrupulously returns the halberd salute of the Swiss Guards with a formal military gesture Not long ago a new Guardsman was so surprised at suddenly seeing the Holy Father that he gave his salute rather clumsily, The Pope stopped: "Give me your halberd," he said The Guard handed t over "So!" said the Pope, saluting martly Then, grinning, he handed the weapon back "I have always wanted to do that," he said 'And you see, I can do it as well as you," In his office, he has brought with him all the efficiency that he learned so thoroughly in the Secretariat of State He is a stickler for punctuality, and tardiness of anyone brings up one of his rare frowns and a few sharp words -delivered with icy calmwhich his subalterns fear more than the worst tirade The volume of work that crosses his desk is colossal Not only does he carry the usual burden of decisions on everything from finance to the appointment of a Bishop in Java, but he insists on being kept up to the minute on every foreign political development anywhere in the world

His day begins at 6 am After rising he scrupulously does his half-hour of gymnastic exercises and shaves himself using an electric razor At 7, he reads Mass in his private chapel and goes to confess to his father-confessor Father Caragnani The Pope according to dogma, is infallible only dum ex cathedra loquitur when he speaks from his throne or pulpit as head of the Church and is never impeccable He must confess his sins and beg for absolution as every other Catholic At 8, after a Roman breakfast of black coffee bread and butter he starts work First come the newspaper excerpts which have been prepared for him Like Mussolini, the Pope is an avid newspaper reader and places great importance on the press Then come conferences with the closest of his advisers He has very few preferring to have most of his officials submit written reports, upon which he acts in his own way Cardinal Maglione, the Papal Secretary of State, the Monsig nori Montini and Tardini the chiefs of the divisions for "Ordinary Affairs" and "Extraordinary Affairs,"' are exceptions They have free entry to the Pope at all times Other members of his unofficial cabinet are the Cardinals Fumasoni-Biondi, Caccia-Dominioni, Canali and Monsignor Di Sant' Elia But they carry little weight They

and Della Torre, editor of the powerful Vatican newspaper, Osservatore Romano" get their ordersand that's that, Punctually at 930 the Pope goes down to the second floor, where the official reception rooms are, to begin his audiences Often the shrewdeyed, heavy-jowled Cardinal Maglione accompanies him The office of Secretary of State, first adviser to the Pope has always been the most important in the Vatican hierarchy But with Pope Pius his own arbiter of foreign policy, there is little left except executive details for Maglione, a brilliant diplomat in his own right, to do After Maglione come the others of the cabinet" who have business And after that comes the unending stream of foreign diplomats, and the bishops and other prelates who come from all over the globe to make their compulsory periodic calls on the Holy Father Pope Pius always makes it his business to know about their problems in advancea tremendous task in itself

He Talks to Visitors in Eight Languages.

Twice a week there are public audiences. These are of various grades, according to the prominence of the pilgrims The Holy Father proceeds through a series of smaller rooms, where the elite of the Faithful are gathered in small groups, to the large Sala Clementina There sometimes hundreds of pilgrims are crowded together After the general blessing and usually a short speech, the Pope insists, to the horror of the Swiss Guards and other attendants, on getting into the middle of the crush He likes talking to strangers and, since he commands not only Italian but English French, German Spanish, Hungarian and two Slavic languages as well, there are few that he cannot talk to in their own tongue, He recently even lost his Fisherman's ring to a lady who clutched his slim fingers too enthusiastically She was almost arrested while trying to return it On several occasions ecstatic women, clutching and kissing the skirt of his white gown, have left red-lipstick marks all over it In fact once an officer of the Noble Guard spying a blotch of red on the Holy Father's sleeve, thought that he had been attacked and called for reinforcements But despite the entreaties of his guards the Pope refuses to change his custom, Bv130 the audiences must be over The Holy Father has his lunch on the dot The three Franciscan monks who serve him are very strict about it Always alone, as tradition requires, he eats a very simple meal and drinks a glass of watered wine After lunch, he sleeps until 4, then drives the quartermile to the Vatican garden for an hour's walk, generally taking a sheaf of documents to study on the way He s always driven in his favourite car, a 1927 Graham-Paige, which has a very comfortable thronelike single seat in the back There are four other automobiles in the Papal Garagean Isotto-Fraschini, a Fiat, a Mercedes, and a Citreon, all gifts of the manufacturersbut he prefers the American car During his walk through the gardens which look down over Rome from the highest point of the Vatican

City, he is always accompanied by an officer of the Noble Guard, a chamberlain and a servant They follow him at a respectful distance Sometimes he likes to sit in one of the charming flower-clad loggias and look at the superb view But generally, he walks quicklytoo quickly for the panting Monsignori in the rear

By 5 he is back at his desk in the third-floor library of the Palace And with a short interruption for dinner, he generally works until one or two in the morning All his instructions for Papal Legates and they are many, are taken directly to the radio station on the hill behind the Vatican and flashed by short wave to Nunciatures all over the world The diplomat-Pope works very quickly His private secretary, Monsignor Rossignani, has been with him for years and anticipates every move The Holy Father is an impatient executive and, though he is seldom brusque with his people, who cannot answer back he keeps them all on their toesan unusual state for the Vatican where life has long been unhurried and complacent

Pius XI had telephones installed in the Vatican by the International Tel & Tel His own instrument was of gold, engraved with the Papal Arms But he rarely used it It made him nervous, he never could understand, and he shouted unintelligibly into the mouthpiece His successor uses it continuously and with effect, to the horror of many of the oldtimers who dislike its abrupt contact The Pope's number is Citta del Vaticano 101, but it is never rung without the Pope's permission

One of the most annoying but necessarv interruptions to his tight-packed schedule has been the insistence of the Vatican officials on pictures and statues of His Holiness He finally agreed to sit for Canonica and Maag, the famous Italian and Swiss sculptors But they would have to model him in his study as he worked He could not just sit, doing nothing, no matter how important his face would be to posterity Thus t was decreed and the sculptors had to work while the Pope dictated, listened to reports and wrote on his own typewriter, as he frequently does He Enjoys Forbidden Chocolates

On Sunday evening, the Pope generally breaks his routine of work to see his friends He has few who are close but with those he is intimate His older brother and two young ephews are particularly welcome Francesco Pacelli the brother followed in his father's footsteps to become a consistorial lawyer Young Marcantonio Pacelli, his nephew, enjoys great favour When he comes to visit the Holy Father-with conspiratorial airunearths a box of the chocolates, forbidden by doctor's orders, that both of them ike so much,

His doctors are very severe with him He suffers from liver trouble And neuralgic headaches cause him great discomfort, particularly during long ceremonies when the heavy triple tiara, encrusted with gold and jewels, presses heavily on his forehead

The Holy Father, unlike his predecessor likes the comforts of modern

equipment and, while he was away at his Gastel Gandolfo residence this summer, had the Papal suite in the Vatican completely remodelled His simply furnished but large corner bedroom on the third floor overlooking St Peter's Square had its cold stone floor covered with linoleum A modern bathroom was put in and a small gymnasium Next to them are three booklined studies where he works and receives his closest officials, and, beyond, the private chapel and a new small throne room which saves him the trouble of going downstairs for the more intimate private audiences All is now heated by a brand new central plant of which he is very proud But the bearer of the triple tiara leads a lonely life Hemmed in at every step by the maze of the Vatican's ceremonial traditons, he is set apart The genuflections, the kissing of the ring, the meticulously organised pomp, create a barrier between him: and his visitors which even the Pacelli charm finds difficult to overcome He was very unhappy when Monsignor Sant' Elia, on the first day of his Papacy, told him that he must not as Pope accompany his departing visitors to the door But he had to obey his stern chamberlain's command It was the tradition In matters of state the Pope's sure feel is abundantly evident It shows in the close relations between the Vatican and Mussolini's Government, Hitler's pact with Russia, which sadly disillusioned Mussolini, gave Pius the chance he needed to strengthen the Church in Italy Very often now the Jesuit Father Tacchi-Venturi makes his way between Vatican and Palazzo Venetia Tacchi-Venturi, a Gray Eminence of the Vatican, close friend of the Pope and of Mussolini, recently refused a Cardinal's hat for his great services to the Church in making the Duce see reason on various important occasions. Little known except to the insiders, this small, modest, elderly man moves silently without provoking the curiosity of watchful correspondents Both the Pope and Mussolini trust him implicitly And the Pope's counsels now carry great weight in the Palazzo Venetia, as they do lso at the Royal Palace, The diplomat who is now Holy Father has proved to the arrogant Dictator that his advic is well worth listening to The whole of the vast Cathol'· system is working at top speed under the Pope's relentless drive Every parish priest is an important cog in the machine He must report fully on the feeling in his parish to his Bishop Every Bishop reports to Rome Along with the reports come daily dispatches from the Nuncios in every capital on the activities of the government to which they are accredited As a result, the Secretariat of State is by far the best-informed foreign-policy department in the world Through this mass of material, the Holy Father is searching for a solution that will bring the war to a speedy close Not a week passes without the Papal Legates, in London, Paris, and Rome, trying to start a new plan which has sprung from their master's mind So far, without success But Pope Pius XII will never cease fighting-"Life"

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Struggle for the Dutch East Indies

By THOMAS WALSH

Polite diplomatic exchanges regarding the status of the Dutch East Indies during Holland's present crisis have been made by the Pwcrs concerned in it, but there is in the minds of all wlo think about the matter a realistion that, in Asia, as well as Europe, vast political changes are due, and must find a solution Let us, then, look at the relevant facts about the partiesmost concerned in the future of the islands, whose economic and strategic value is so great.

THESE great islands are, with theexception of New Zealand, Australia's nearest country; their area is approximatelyonequarterofthatofAustralia, and they carry a population of 60,728,733 Among these, the Europeansninety per cent of whom are Dutch-are less than one half of one per cent Java and Sumatra are the best developed parts of the Netherlands East Indies, the great majority of the population being located in the former place, where there are from 800 to 2,000 persons to the square mile

In Europe, such a density of population is only reached in the industrial areas, but in Java, the majority of the natives live upon the land, with an average of about 2 acres per family Though the soil is very fertile, only the barest necessities of life can be secured by these farmers, who pursue traditional methods of production, the import of agricultural machinery for the native farmer being prohibited by the Dutch Government

The climate and soil of the Netherlands East Indies are preeminently suited for the cultivation of tropical agricultural products: cane sugar, rubber, copra, tea, leaf tobacco, krusok tobacco, chincona bark, palm oil, palm kernels, cocoanut oil, kapok fibre and pepper being the chief crops, rubber being of the first import-ance; tin, coal, and petroleum in the islands chiefly apart from Sumatra and Java, and their production is limited bv the fact that the population is not so large, and labour is, therefore, scarce The export of crude oil, however, amounts to more than 5,000.000 gallons per annum While the native cultivators produce mainly for the home market, the EuroDeans are the owners of large estates, which thev cultivate with native labour for the exporttrade Most of the import trade is in the hands of Chinese merchants, and a big majority of the native people are employed only in subsistence farming The professions and the civil service are almost entirely in the hands of the Dutch, with but a sprinkling of educated natives

Japan the Chief Importer

In 1935 the chief sources of imports were: Japan 30 per cent; the Netherlands, 133 per cent.; the Straits Settlements, 1211 per cent, Great Britain, 84 per cent; the United States, 69 per cent, and Germany, 8 1 per cent The Dutch East Indies exported to various countries in the following proportion: Netherlands, 22 per cent; Straits Settlements, 166 per cent; United States, 144 per cent; Great Britain,6.9percent; Japan, 54 per cent; Australia, 48 per cent; France,33per cent.; Egypt, 22 per cent; and Germany 2 1 per cent

The preponderance of Japanese exports is explained by the fact that Japan is the only country which can produce cheaply enough for the pockets ofthe natve population to provide a market; the European countries, inluding Australia, supply the

needs of the foreign community only, and though this foreign community is less than one per cent. of the total population, the members of it are so much wealthier than the natives that they pay no less than 97 per cent of the Government taxes

In good times, of course, the natives purchase large quantities of imported goods, such as soaps, biscuits jams, cotton goods, shoes, etc, but this demand is variable, and when calculated as per head of the population, may not appear great

It must be remembered that even in prosperous times thepurchasing power of the natives is limited by the money obligations they assume to native banks and pawnbrokers (the latter, by the way are a Government institution), and in seasons of depression their surpluses are eaten up in meeting these obligations

Foreign capital plays a great part in the development of the Netherlands East Indies, and much of the wealth of the country is exported as dividends The proportion of foreign capital from each country invested in agricultural and mining enterprises in the Dutch EastIndies is shownin the following figures, but the amount of nvestments in other undertakings cannot be exactly ascertained:

In agriculture the Dutch supply 7439 per cent of the capital; Great Britain, 1346 per cent; the United States, 257 per cent; while France and Belgium between them account for 541 per cent , and the Japanese less than l per cent The Netherlands contro! 81.8 per cent of the capital invested in the sugar industry, and 35 per cent of what is employed in rubber; she also owns 89 per cent. of tobacco investments, and 60 per cent of those in tea and 76.6 per cent of the total employed in coffee production In petroleum, however, Great Britain is interested to the extent of 60 per cent of the capital invested, while Dutch fnanciers own the remaining 40 per cent Large sums of foreign money are in railways, shipping and commercial undertakings, and in the development of large scale industry Total capital investments amount to 2,065,096,000 guilders

Native Unrest.

The unrest among the educated sec tion of the native population is unquestionablv due to the drain which foreign investors make upon the people, without any corresponding benefits to the natives of the Indies themselves

The presence of Japanese in the Netherlands East Indies is a source of some alarm to the European community, for the Japanese work on opposite principles to those which have been employed in the past Their imports re a great benefit to the masses a point made by the Japanese delegates the Japan-Batavian confrence in 1£34. who, somewhat unwisely, stated tht 60,000000 natives f the Dutch Eat Indie were in need of the cheap goods of superior quality which Japan could supply

The Dutch press and the Government tself took this to mean that if the Gov nment did not concede Japan's demands, she would instigte the naives to rebellion The fact is that the natives did receive a great benefit through Japan's export of manufactur

ed goods to the Dutch East Indies which mainly comprised cotton fab° ries, pottery, farming implements, electrical appliances, medical supplies, drugs and groceries, which, if they were prohibited would not be available to those who cannot buy the more expensive European products

The Japanese, too, supply capital for small scale undertakings within the country, which are suitabe for the production of commodities for the home market, while the Dutch and other Europeans are only interested in large scale business for export, Printing works, shops for automobile repairs, knitting plants and other small textile factories have been founded by the Japanese, and these do a great deal to meet the requirements of the masses with the goods they need, as well as create an opportunity for native labour to engage in home industries

Another benefit which the people of the Netherlands Indies have gained from the Japanese is the development of horticulture, which has supplied an abundance of fresh vegetables for the people, who could not obtain them before

The Japanese fishing industry has brought a much improved diet to all parts of Java, where only salted and preserved fish was before obtainable

As may be expected opposition to Japanese activities comes from their Eropean competitors, and the Japanese are accused of territorial ambitions as indeed they are wherever they appear in Asia Before the war the Dutch Government had taken steps to raise tariffs and institute quotas which adversely affected the export trade of Japan; but what the future holds is now very uncertain Some Japanese publicists have proclaimed that, if the China incident ends satisfactorily the new bloc-Japan Manchukuko and China-woud turn Japan from a "have not'' to a 'have" nation, and that she could then afford to go forward without further troubling over foreign sources of supply of raw materials and foreign markets

This, however, does not seem quite practicable, for the resources of China in such vital necessities as petroleum, for instance are not known and the liquefaction of coal is still very costly

The Factor of Foreign Investment

Before the outbreak of the war the Netherlands Government was moving rapidly towards setting up exclusive trade and had already created mono polies to preserve the markets for the Dutch manufacturers, as, for example, the monopoly given to the Philips Gloe-. ilampenfabrik which caused the price of electric globes to rise 4/6 each, thus putting electric lighting beyond the purchasing reach of the Dutch East Indian natives Shipping too is almost entirely restricted to Dutch vessels, and the natives have to watch the profits leave the country

There must be more than mere tailoring in the making of a

The unrest among the people and the threatening armaments gave rise to many fears and rumours before the invasion of Holland in the present European conflict, and the substance behind them can be seen from the foregoing

The unequal trading amounting to exploitation which had been Holland's policy gave Japan the opportunity of trade and economic penetration, and the discontented natives saw in this a possibility of escape from the servitude in which they had dwelt so long

The restrictions on Japanese trade caused unrest and anger in the Dutch East Indies, Of that there can be no doubt in the minds of informed people

Then, if we examine the relative investments by the Great Powers, we discover that Holland and Great Britain are in a predominant position, and the United States, with its huge stores of unused capital, is far behind The germs of military conflict were fast developing in the political struggle before the European explosion occurred Australia's trading interests in the Dutch East Indies are small The masses in those places are a rice-eating people, and could not afford our butter wheat, dried fruits or milk products

The trade done in these commodities s with the European community, and cannot, in the near future anyway increase to any extent

In any event, any trade increase at the cost of Japan would have the effect of lowering her capacity to purchase wool and other products which she now takes from us, and the Australian market in Japan is far more valuable than anything the Dutch East Indies could provide

The New Order in Asia.

It can scarcely be expected that Japan would look calmly and unconcernedly at a change of the status of the Dutch East Indies which would either limit her exports or prevent her from acquiring raw materials here

The idea of a New Order in Asia is that the West shall not be able to dominate the Asian people in a political or economic sense, and though this does not imply that the Japanese nation would or could use force to dislodge the Western Powers who have Asiatic colonies, it is quite certain that Japan will resist to the utmost any attempt by those Powers to extend their domination in the East

Germany has notified Japan that she is not interested in the Dutch East In· dies, and both Britain and the United States have disclaimed anv intention of interfering at the moment But only the final result of the European conflict will decide this problem of the rich territories so close to Australia's gates The Advocate."

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Solemn Requiem for Mrs. Catherine McMahon

On May 23 a cable brought the news of the death of Mrs Catherine McMahon, the mother of Rev Dr McMahon, at Lehinch, Co Clare, Ireland

Owing to the Octaves of Corpus Christi and of the Feast of the Sacred Heart, the Requiem was postponed until Saturday, June 8, when it was celebrated at St Columba's Church, South Perth His Grace the Archbishop presided attended by the Very Rev Father Kelly, SJ, Rector of St. Louis College and the Very Rev Father Moss Rt Rev Monsignor Fagan, VG, was in the sanctuary The Mass was sung by the Rev Dr McMahon, with Rev Father J J Rafferty as deacon and the Rev Father P Carmody as sub-deacon Rev Father A Johnston was MC The priests' choir, under the direction of Rev Father A Lynch, chanted the Mass, Thirty-two of the diocesan priests attended the Requiem and the regular clergy were represented by Very Rev Father E Dwyer, CSSR, and Father W Laws, C.SSR , and Rev Fathers J Ryan, OM I and J Weldon, O.MI St Columba's Church was filled with parishioners and many sympathisers from outside the parish The teaching communities were represented by the Sisters from the city schools Rev Brother Green, from Aquinas College, and Rev Brother Duffy, from St George's Terrace, represented the Christian Brothers From the Sacred Heart Schools at Highgate Hill came a large contingent of children from the High and Primary Schools

At the conclusion of the absolution, given by the Archbishop at the catafalque, the children of St Columba's School sang a recessional hymn The Archbishop's Panegyric His Grace the Archbishop expressed Dr McMahon's gratitude and his own, to the priests and people who had come that morning to assist at the Mass of Requiem for the repose of the soul of the late Mrs McMahon They could not, he said have paid higher tribute to Dr McMahon than to come as they did to do honour to the memory of his mother, and to pray for the repose of her soul He was particularly grateful to the priests who attended in large numbers, notwithstanding much inconvenience It showed the splendid spirit prevailing in their ranks Dr McMahon, His Grace continued, said a last farewell to his aged mother in 1936. He then knew that, in all probability, he would never again see her on this side of the grave, To say goodbye to one's mother was the greatest wrench of all in the case of the priests leaving home to go on the foreignmission Supernatural, as well zs natural bonds, bound the mother to the son whom she had given to the Church and the son to the mother to whom he owed so much The sacrifice was certainly a great one Our Lord was not unmindful of it when He spoke of those who leave house or brother, or sister, or father or mother for His sake His Grace was privileged to have met the deceased lady Feeble though she was then, her feebleness did not deter her from going to daily Mass a practice which she continued almost to the end of her life She was all that the two beautiful words "Catholic Mother," comnoted Perth was indebted to her for the gift of her distinguished son to the Diocese The Dominican Order was ndebted to her for the gift of a daughter to honour their ranks as a distinguished teacher in a progressive Ladies' College in Dublin On behalf of the Priests Religious and laity His Grace offered his sympathy to Dr McMahon and the other members of his family Their burden of sorrow was naturally great, but it would be alleviated by the consoling thought that their departed mother was an ideal Catholic mother; tnat she was so holv and God-fearing and absolutely detached from the world; that her vivid faith and ardent piety would win for herif it had not already won it a place in Heaven where her faith would be turned into vision and her hope into possession where nothing remained but eternal peace and happiness And whilst svmpathising with the relatives of the deceased lady, His Grace concluded, all united in praying for the repose of her soul in the consecrated words of the Church's liturgy for the dead-Eternal rest grant unto her, O Lord, and may perpetual light shine upon her Amen A Word of Thanks Rev Dr McMahon takes this opportunitv to thank everyone who svmpathised with him on the loss of his mother By letter, telegram, and telephone such messages were so numerous that he cannot hope to reply to them personally.

He thanks especially His Grace the Archbishop for presiding at the Re quiem, and the priests for their attendance on such an inconvenient morning as Saturday is To the religious communities for their prayers; to the Sisters of St, Joseph, the people and children of South Perth, for their many acts of exquisite courtesy and sympathy he was. indeed grateful beyond words

AMERICA'S SUMMER SCHOOLS OF CATHOLIC ACTION

St Louis, USA

More than 5,000 Catholic universities, colleges, schools of nursing and high schools have been invited to participate in the Summer Schools of Catholic Action to be held in St Louis, June 24 to 29; Detroit, July 8 to 13; San Antonio, July 29 to August 3; New York, August 19 to 24· and Chicago, August 26 to 31

The invitation, sent to the faculty and students by the Rev Daniel A Lord, SJ., pointed out that the course of "concentrated Catholicity" was designed to inspirestudents to serve God zealously, the Church devotedly, and their own Sodalities and Catholic Action organisations intelligently and efficiently"

Stressing the thought that Catholic students and their teachers would find attendance at the S S C A "an invaluable experience," Father Lord continued:

"Each day begins with Missa Recitata, bringing individuals a sense of unity and strength

"Inspiration will come from a course on 'God's Closeness to the World,' conducted by the priests and staff for all the delegates "'God, Man and Happiness,' will give the leader a better understanding of his responsibilities and the happy consequences of working for God and souls

Classes in school organisation will provide special training in methods, projects, programme, opportunities for discussion, exchange of ideas, that will make school SodalitiesandCatholicAction societies run smoothly and efficiently

"There is a wide variety of courses offered to meet the requirements of earnest workers in the Catholic cause: Catechetics, Liturgy, Democracy , Study, Clubs, Parliamentary Law, Mental Prayer, Recreation, Catholic Literature, Co-operatives

"Special courses have been arranged for priests and seminarians, for directors, moderators and guides ofyouth, for Sodality officers, for student nurses "

ONE BISHOP BLESSES 4,560 ALTARS

Bishop Neveu, Administrator of Moscow, who is at present in Prance, has been busy during the past few weeks blessing 4,550 portable altars and innumerable chalices for chaplains on active service

They were blessed at 40 different services, many of which lasted three hours, The Bishop was assisted by three religious These altars and chalices are being supplied to the French chaplains by public subscription through the Notre Dame De Salut Association

A packet is sent to each priest with a portable altar, a chalice nd all the necessary articles for celebrating Mass and administering the Sacraments Some 9,000 missals have already been sent Hosts run into millions

Thursday, June 13, 1939

France's

Hour

of

Her Two Catholic Veteran Heroes

In her hour of peril France has summoned to leadership two of her greatest Catholic heroes73 years-old General Weygand to be supreme commander of her armed forces, and 84 years-old Marshal Petain to be Vice-Premier.

Weygand was Marshal Foch's chief-of-staff throughout the Great War, and led the Poles at the "Miracle of the Vistula,' when Warsaw was about to fall into the hands of the Bolsheviks Petain, hero of Verdun, was one of Foch's chief collaborators in the victory of 1918

Another Catholic, M Charles-Roux, has been appointed Permanent Head of the French Foreign Office For eight years he has been French Ambassador to the Holy See Since the beginning of the war he has had frequent audiences of the Holy Father

Weygand has been nicknamed against Bolshevik Russia had sudthe Jesuit General" Clemen- denly met with reverse and the ceau, the old anti-clerical "Tiger," Red Army was advancing overused to say that Weygand was whelmingly upon Warsaw "up to his neck in priests" That Marshal Pilsudski sent this was because Weygand is above message to France: Send Foch, all a Catholic-like Foch, with or we perish' whom during the war he went to Foch answered: "Send them Mass every morning Weygand"

Send For Weygand"

Petain, too, is first and foremost a Catholic: in the past year he has done much as Ambassador in Madrid to restore the friendship between Catholic Spain and France, Eldest Daughter of the Church Foch on his deathbed said: "When France is in danger send for Weygand." France at one time may have wondered whether Weygand would be anything like as effective unless he was with Foch That question was finally settled in 1920 when the Polish campaign

Weygand at one bold stroke turned imminent peril into complete victory; and by turning back the Red forces saved not only Poland but all Europe from anti-Christian Communism

In Poland Weygand had as his spiritual collaborator an Italian prelate, the Papal Nuncio to Warsaw, Mgr Achille Ratti-Pope Pius XI The future Pope refused to leave the capital with the diplomatic corps, and the moral support of his presence and the blessing he conferred upon the Polish troops on the first morning of the decisive battle did much to bring about the victory

Nazis in Vienna to Honour Apostate

More Priests Arrested in Austria

The Nazi City Council of Vienna has decided to erect a monument in memory of the apostate head of the "Awav-from-Rome'' movement in Austria, George Schoenerer, whose anti-Romanism and anti-Semitism inspired Hitler in his youth

The monument is to be built near the Vienna Parliament buildng A new wave of arrests of priests has been sweeping Austria Among those arrested are Father

Bogswicker, whose "offence" was that he had undertaken to offer a Mass for Dr Dollfuss the Chancellor murdered by the Nazis and Father Fried, a close adviser of Cardinal Innitzer

In Bohemia and Moravia Nazi police continue to raid rectories, convents and monasteries in search of Papal Encyclicals, which the people pass from one to theother to draw comfort from the Holy Father's words

General Weygand, as a member of the French Academy, is one of the "Forty Immortals' He wrote a classic "life" of Louis XIV's great Marshal Turenne It was a study of Turenne as a soldier, but a large portion was devoted to Turenne as a convert to the Church

"They Shall Not Pass"

Petain is a son of the soil, the fourth of the six children of a farmer in the Pas de Calais Fame came to him in the Great War when he was called upon to rescue the French Armv in the desperate situation at Verdun.

The Nazis mav now take thought at the fact that some of his triumphs against seemingly overwhelming odds were won at places where the present fighting has been at its thickest Charles Baussan in "Studies" years ago told the story of Petain on the battlefield

At the battle of Charleroi in August, 1914, the brigade covering the extreme right of the French was outflanked by greatly superior forces and driven out of Dinant Col Petain was ordered to retake the town with his two regiments He himself charged at the head of one regiment, a riding whip in one hand and a revolver in the other The town was retaken in two hours of fighting, and the right flank of the army was cleared General de Castelnau-another Catholic: he is now president of the National Catholic Federation -chose Petain to defend Verdun at the verv worst moment of the German onslaught In the first order to his troops he gave them that famous battlecry: "Ils ne passeront pas"They shall not pass Soul of Steel.

"In appearance," wrote Charles Baussan, "Petain is tall, erect and slender; the aquiline nose and the

GENERAL WEYGAND, Nicknamed the "Jesuit General."

impassive features tell of strength in repose The face gives an impression of intelligence and cold strength, but he has a warm and generous heart

"In his iron frame there is a soul of steel He has trained his spirit as he trained his body, winning complete self-control and tranquillity of mind by constant self-discipline Nothing disturbs him And his energy is as wonderful as his coolness"

He leaves nothing to blind chance He demands the strictest discipline from his men, but at the same time he refuses to make them attack before he has explored every possibility To him his men are not pieces in a grim game but men with bodies to be preserved and souls to save He does not throw men into glorious but vain adventures He seeks not only victory but the continued life of the victors

On the first day of the last year of the Great War he addressed his troops with these words: Be patient and obstinate The man in a hurry calls out for peace but the man who can wait will fix the terms I salute your flags; I am proud to command you: I have entire confidence in the future"

Mr and Mrs Cedric Gartland, after their marriage, with Nuptial Mass, at Holy Rosary Church, Nedlands, on June 1 The bride was formerly Miss Margaret Farrell, of Goldsmith-road, Claremont The bridesmaid is Miss Monica Gartland

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black, navv and khaki, 6ld skein

PERTH, THURSDAY, JUNE 13, 1940

THE POPE AND THE WAR

The entry of Italy into the war is an event that Catholics the world over have dreaded and have been loathe to anticipate They are not concerned primarily with Italy's political claims Since 1936, when the Roman Eagle spread its wings over Abyssinia we were conscious that Italy dreamed again of Empire and oi the Mediterranean as an Italian sea Her Imperial claims were probably as just or as unjust as those of any other nation, but the tragedy of her present action for Catholics lies in the fact that in the average non-Catholc mind Italian nationality and Catholicism are inextricably bound up together even more so than Irish Nationalism and Catholicism are accepted as one in this country To be an Italian is synonymous with being Catholic, and to be a Catholic is identical with the acceptance of the dominion of a foreign power In the past this attitude has given rise to utterly false notions about the civic loyalty of Catholics, and though we boast of tolerance today, it is a mental attitude so foreign to the basic nature of the human reason that it is little more than a veneer Once scratched there is found underneath the same old sectarian bitterness and bigotry ready to be fed anew on the same misunderstandings and lack of knowledge as in the past

In this present situation Catholics must emphasise that their piritual home is in Rome, which is the traditional seat of the Papacy, but Rome is not Italian to the Catholic It is universal The Vatican is the focal point to which the love and loyalty of men of every nation, race, age and social condition s directed. Since the Lateran Treaty of 1929 there is even a geographical separation whereby the Pope has temporal dominion over a tiny area of land called the Vatican State According to the terms of the Concordat, he is here absolutely free and independent of the temporal power of Italy "The Vatican City," states article 24 of the Lateran Treaty, "will always be in any case considered as neutral and inviolable territory" But with Italy now at war, surrounded by enemies, and with her communications cut off, the Vatican will be in effect isolated from the world, and the Pope virtually a prisoner There has been much speculation as to what may be the destiny of the Pope in the near future Will he again be an exile from the See of Peter? Actually it would not matter where the Pope may be, for "where the Pope is, there is the Church" But we fancy the Holy Father for a multiplicity of good reasons will not leave Rome unless his isolaton becomes such as may hamper the proper government of the Church.

It is sad for Catholics to reflect that the Holy Father, freed irom self-imposed imprisonment in the Vatican for 70years,should have enjoyed so brief a liberty For the independence of the Papacy from the Italian State these eleven years has been of tremendous good for the universal Church Unquestionably the present situation will react unfavourably upon the government of the Church, and this reflection s all the more depressing because it seems to us at this distance that Italy would have received just consideration of her claims whatever theoutcomeof this war might be The relations of the Church and State in Italy of recent years have not been as cordial as many had hoped. Following the bitter struggle of Pius XI over the education question, there arose disputes over the relationship between Catholic Action and the Fascist Party-a dispute which at the time of the death of Pius XI was grave enough to threaten a breach of relations The present Holy Father, with superb diplomatic skill, has averted that catastrophe, but the tragedy of war has brought a perhaps greater one Now it seems that once moretke Church, and the Pope who has striven so unceasingly in the cause of peace, must pay the price of war and be driven once mre into the catacombs of obscurity But, though She be compelled to hide, the Church will still with her light and guidance shine forth, and with her charity, her hunger for justice, and her ove of peace, continue to console and comfort men of good will

June 19,

June 15: Celebrate Mass at St Anthony's Church, Wanneroo

June I6: Canonical Visitation and Confirmation at Shenton Park.

June 19-23: Attend Jubilee Celebrations at Beagle Bay Mission

June 25: Receive Debutantes at the Annual Catholic Ball,

July 7: Canonical Visitation of Kalamunda and Lesmurdie

July 16: Preside at Solemn High Mass at Carmelite Monastery Nedlands

July 21: Canonical Visitation and Confirmation at St Joachim's, Victoria Park

July 31: Celebrate Pontifical High Mass at the Convent of the Good Shepherd, Leederville

NEWS AND NOTES

Italy's participation in the war will sadden the hearts of Catholies throughout the world What will happen to historic Rome not merely the Rome of Virgil, but the Rome of Peter? Article 24 of the Lateran Treaty states: "The Holy See, in relation to the sovereignty which belongs to her, states that she wants to remain and will remain extraneous to the temporal competitions between other States and International Congresses announced for that purpose, unless the contending parties agree to appeal to her mission of peace, reserving in every case to exercise her spiritual and moral power Consequently the Vatican City will always be in anv case considered as neutral and inviolable territorv" With Italy at war, surrounded by enemies, and with her communications cut off, the Vatican will be isolated from the world and the Pope will be virtually a prisoner It has been suggested that His Holiness might transfer to Portugal Another Pope was forced to leave the Vatican, and it is not impossible that it will happen agam

k t According to a telegram report in the secular press His Excellency the Apostolic Delegate (Archbishop Panico) said on Tuesday night that the Vatican City was a neutral sovereign State and was in no way affected by Italy's declaration of war He was a citizen of the Vatican, not an Italian citizen, and his diplomatic passport was issued by the former Cardinal Secretary of State-the present Pope His allegiance to the Holy Father remained as t was before and as it would always be

CHANGE OF DATE,

Sacred Heart High School. Highgate, Annual Entertainment will this year be held on Friday, July 5, and not as previously advertised on June 21, Proceeds will be in aid of the Red Cross

ANNUAL CATHOLIC BALL

Change of Date

Notice of intending patrons is drawn to the fact that owing to the proposed visit to Perth of the Prime Minister on June 26, the Annual Catholic Ball, whch was to have been held on that date, will now be held on Tuesday, June 25 The proceds of the ball will be devoted to patriotic purposes, and no effort is being spared by the hardworking committee to ensure the success of the function

BISHOP OF LISMORE'S JUBILEE

Fifty Years a Priest

Pontifical High Mass was celebrated in St Carthage's Cathedral, Lismore. on Tuesday, 4th inst, n honour of the 5C years in the priesthood of the Most Rev John Carroll D D, Bishop of Lismore Among the visitors were His Grace the Archbishop oi Sydney (Most Rev N T Gilroy, DD), His Lordship the Bishop of Goulburn (Most Rev T McGuire, DD), His Lordship the Bishop of Port Augusta, SA (Most Rev. T McCabe D D ), The Right Rev Monsignor T Phelan, P P , Vicar-General of the Archdiocese of Sydney Most Rev P Farrelly DD (Coadjutor-Bishop of Lismore), read a cable from Cardinal Maglione, Secretary of State to Pope Pius XII, extending congratulations to Dr Carroll.

Dr Carroll has been Bishop of Lismore for 30 years, during which period he has played a notable part in the completion of St Carthage's Cathedral and the erection of St Vincent's Hospital, Lismore, and of many schools and convents in the diocese He was ordained to the priesthood at St Patrick's College Carlow, on May 31 1890.

BEREAVEMENT NOTICE

Mrs G D Taylor ndfamily wish to express sincere gratitude to the Sister of St, John of God Hospital Subiaco, for their kindness and unremitting attention t our dear hu:band and father RIP

DEATHS

KANE-On June 7, 1940, at Northam Hospital, Katherine, dearly loved wife of Thomas Kane of Northam loving mother of James (Perth) Pat (Killed in action), Eileen (Mrs W. Bennett, Northam), Vera (Mrs Erie Chidlow Northam) Kathleen (Sr M Isidore, Good Shepherd Convent Abbotsford, Victoria), Frances (Sr M Baptista, Good Shepherd Convent, Brisbane); loving mother-inlaw of Dorothy Kane, William Bennett, and Eric Chidlow; aged 74 years, R I P

LANGOULANT-Of your charity pray for the repose of the soul of Catherine Langoulant, loving mother of Constance (Mrs R Thomas), John, Kathleen (Mrs M Regan), and William who departed this life on June 5,1940 0, Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercy on her soul

RYMAN-On May 24 (suddenly) Margaret, dearly beloved wife of James Martin Ryan, of 3 Boreham-street Cottesloe, and loving mother of James (Adelaide-street), Mary (Sister M De Lellis (Sacred Heart Convent), William, Thomas Allan,Laurie, and Margaret (deceased) beloved sister of Herbert (WA ) Arthur (Victoria) and William (NSW, deceased), fond mother-in-law of Anne, Ethel and Jean, and sisterin-law of Cis (Victoria) and Margaret (Wollongong, NSW); aged 61 years Lov ing grandma of Dawn and Ron "God has called her to Heaven' IN MEMORIAM

CULLEN In loving remembrance of Daniel Patrick Cullen, who died on June 11, 1938. RIP.

-Inserted by his loving wife and family

MIDDLETON Of your charity, pray for the repose of the soul of Margaret Middleton, who died on June 16, 1939 R IP

Inserted by her loving husband and familv

0UARANT ORE

JUNE

Sunday 3rd

4th

Merredin: One Day of Exposition

Collie: One Day of Exposition

5th Osborne Park: Fortv Hours' Praver (28th -30th

"Systems of secularist idealism are built on sand "

= St«tisties of'ts Cath«lie (lold

US Diocese Crosses O 225,928

From Its Catholic Population

According to the new official statistics of th Church in the United Stat, the Catholic population of the Brooklvn diocese has dropped in one year from 1,169,054 to 943,126

The whole of this decrease is accounted for by a stroke of the pen eliminating 225 928 persons who claim to be Catholics but do not practise their religion

Nearly all the other dioceses record increases in their Catholic population, but this wholesale elimination in the Brooklyn diocese has caused the figure of the total Catholic population of the U S AN-21,403 136to show a iall of 3,371

15 255 More Students in US Colleges Washington

There was an increase of 15,255 students n Catholic colleges of the United States in the two-year period 1936-8.

The total enrolment of 143,617 students in the 187 universities and colleges in 1938 was an increase of 65 per cent since 1928, when 87,031 students were enrolled in the 163 universities and colleges then in existence

Without Civilisation

WE pray that a striking lesson of this war may be learned by our leaders and by all who love the inheritance of British liberty," writes Cardinal Hinsley in his Trinity Sunday pastoral letter

The chief lesson in the letter is that "a civilisation founded on purely material principles must end in final breakdown,' and that if the nation is to have a real Christian foundation, confused and vague teaching about Christianity in the schools must be replaced by teaching that is clear and definite

"We have proof positive in the present state of the world," says His Eminence, "that svstems of secularist and materialist idealism are built on sand and great is the fall thereof when the storms and foods rush down

"Without a solid foundation in the recognition of our utter dependence on the Almighty Giver of all good gifts and the answering response of men's wills to the obligations which flow from such knowledge there can be no fixed standard of right and wrong

Material Welfare

"You know well that material conditions affect our moral and spiritual welfare The hungry and the homeless and the naked must first be cared for as to their bodily miseries before thev can attend to spiritual ministrations Hence the solicitude of the Church is not confined to the spiritual needs of her children so as to neglect their temporal and earthly interests

"Benedict XV, in the last war not only strove to bring about a true peace founded on justice and charity, but he spent his energies and means to relieve the faminestricken people of Russia, to release or comfort prisoners everywhere, to assist the wounded and the sick

Religion

pregnated by Communist influence

"Can we expect that our own national education will be immediately purged of the secularist leaven which, according to the recent articles and correspondence in The Times,' is rearing too many of our citizens of the future to become pagans?"

Indifferent Parents.

Calling attention to the duty of parents to ensure that their children have a Catholic education, the Cardinal says:

"We are grieved to have to say that the evacuation of children last September revealed to us the indifference of not a few Catholic parents regarding the religious training and practice of their children

"There are also parents who deliberatelv send their children to public schools which are not Catholic Such parents have less excuse because thev have the free choice or schools in which the spirit of faith and the love of the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass and of the frequentation of the Sacraments are instilled

"We strongly insist that only the Bishop of the diocese can permit in particular circumstances and under special safeguards the atendance of boys and girls at non-Catholic institutions

We most earnestly urge all parents to remember that true education depends first and foremost on the home Therefore, we beg and implore that mothers and fathers should set an example to their children by living good Catholic lives Truth, honestv, sobriety, piety must reign in the home if the future of our countrv is to belong to upright men and women living in peace and happiness

Crashes

These truths and principles the Vicar of Christ, our Holy Father has clearly proposed to the world as the remedy for the evils that ruin the peace and happiness of the world For us remains the task of applying them with knowledge and discernment in the complex conditions of social, industrial and political activities as well as in our home circle"

NAZARETH HOUSE. Foundation Stone Laid

The ceremony of the laying and blessing of the foundation stone of Nazareth House on the banks of the Chapman River at Bluff Point, Geraldton, was carried out by the Bishop of Geraldton (the Most Rev J P O'Collins) on Sunday afternoon, June 2, in the presence of a large gathering

Thebuilding, which with equipment, will cost about £30,000, is expected to be ready for occupation about the end of the year

The Bishop of Geraldton, after laying and blessing the foundation stone, traced the historv of the Sisters of Nazareth from the establishment of the first home in a humble way at Hammersmith, London, about the vear 1850 Since then their work fo: orphaned children and for the aged and infirm had steadily expanded, and there were about 60 of these homes in the British Empire and various parts of the world

•

Tiduum at Good Shepherd con. j i vent, Leederville, in honour of i {is zji j July 31: Pontical High Mass and sermon, 930 a,m j Solemn Benediction 5_pm j : August 1: Missa Cantata, 9.30 ±157/

June:

4 44 444444444444444444444% 4

"Our present Holy Father is acting in the same spirit in this war You know how he has striven with all his strength to preserve peace, and how he is alert to every chance that may arise to stem the bloodshed and to bring about true peaee with reparation for wrong done But shall we not give him our loyal support as far as lies in us? We will at least heed his pleading for our prayers

Agonising Position.

"His position is embarrassing, nay agonising He is at the very centre whence peace could radiate over the world if only his countrvmen and friends would lend their aid

"Double and redouble your petitions especially in Mass and Holy Communion, that the Prince of Peace, whose Vicar he is, may give force to his strong touching appeals to the rulers and people of all nations

"We Catholic people of Great Britain will never cease to proclaim our age-long principle that for Catholic children we must have Catholic schools with a Catholic atmosphere, taught by Catholic teachers under Catholic control

"The youth do not belong to the State simply to be trained, as among the Nazis ad Bolsheviks in order to serve the material and military glory of the government in power

The present home would be the first in this State and the fourth in the Commonwealth He regarded it as the happiest and greatest work that had been undertaken since he came to Geraldton He emphasised the great necessity for the care of orphaned children, and of the aged and infirm, who were unable to look after themselves in their old age It did not matter what was their nationality or creed; all would be welcomed because they were Christ's children to whom they wished to give loving care and attention

After this war was over they would receive young children from England, and here they would aequire the Australian mentality, and would be taught to become good Australian citizens

ST MARY'S CATHEDRAL Sunday, June 16.

Friday, 14: SantaMaria FirstAnnual Concert AnzacHouse

Wednesday, ,9: MidlandJunction Annual Catholic Ball

St Joseph's Ex-Students' Annual Ball, Fremantle Town Hall

Friday, 21: ' Old Ionians' Annual Ball, Anzac House,830 p m

Tuesday 25: Annual Catholic Ball, GovernmentHouseBallroom

July:

Friday, 5: SH.H S Highgate,Annual Entertainment, His Majesty's The atre

Monday, 15: Newman Ball Embassy

"You will have noticed also that our Holy Father rests his hope for the renewal of societv, as Pius XI before him, on the Christian education of youth

We cannot suppose that the harm done to the children bv the Nazi svstem, which seizes on the little ones and keeps hold of them from the cradle to the grave, will be counteracted all at once, nor that the youth of Russia and Mexico and Spain can forthwith be made immune to the poison with which they have been m-

Our traditional English education demands that the children of a Christian people have by Divine Law a right to full Christian education; that Christan parents have a twofold right and duty, both natural and supernatural, to preserve this priceless inheritance; that Christian children are in no sense the property of a State which has no religion or which is pagan and atheist; that secular instruction is not of such supreme moment as the formation of citizens to be Christians; that parents have an inalienable right to decide on the selection of teachers to whom their children will be entrusted; that the poor as well as the rich in all justice must have the same right and liberty

Threatened Wreckage

"If European society is to be restored from the wreckage which seems to threaten, those who seek to rebuild it would be wise to begin reconstruction on the principles from which our civilisation

Masses will be celebrated at 7 8, 9, 10, with Missa Cantata at 11 am, t which St Mary's Cathedral Choir, under the direction of Rev A Lynch, will render the Mass "Aeterna Christi Munera," of Palestrina The Motet at the Offertory will be "O Domine Jesu," by Ingegneri

730 p.m: Monthly meeting of tke Sacred Heart Confraternity

Thursday, June 13, 1939

·'To Cast Fire Upon The Earth"

Manifestation of God's Love

The Sacred Heart of Jesus

THE Sacred Humanity of Christ is the source of all our blessedness

"The Word was made Flesh and dwelt amongst us' (John i 14) Those are the greatest words ever imagined, dreamed of, uttered Christ is God but He is also Man He is from all eternity, infinitely powerful, wise and holy; God of God, Light of Light, true God of true Go<l as we declare in the Credo of the Mass But we must not forget that while He is of the same substance as the Father, He has also a human nature like our own It is His Sacred Humanity which is the instrument by which we are saved and sanctified; the hallowed means whereby blessings come down to us from the Father Now the symbol of Christ's human nature is His human heart Christ is God; Christ is man The essence of our Catholic Faith is to have a right appreciation of both these truths We may not forget that He is God, else we should fail in the worship and adoration that we owe Him We cannot overlook the fact that He has become man;only thus will our knowledge and love be as intimate and as generous as He has the right to expect

The unsullied faith of the Catholic Church preserves intact the knowledge and love of Christ our Brother, and in modern times the providential means of fostering the love of His Sacred Humantv s found in devotion to His Sacred Heart Christ's human heart, as considered in this devotion, is not a metaphor but it is a symbol It is,the natural symbol of love, and as such it is adored by the faithful because it is personally and eternallv united with the Word of God If the Son of God has now a human nature He has therefore human heart He knows as a man, thinks asa man, and feels ala man He is a complete man; in fact, the only perfect man His human nature, it s true, is united to a Divine Person, but the Humanity remains unimpaired and His Sacred Heart is a human heart like our own

When in the course of ordinary conversation we speak of the heart, it is usually the human person that we mean It is in this sense that we commonly speak of a cold heart, a warm heart, a tender heart We have phrases also like "taking heart" and "losing heart," "being full of heart," or "giving one's heart away" With such uses of the word it is quite obvious that we mean not merely the heart as a, physical organ but also and principally the thoughts of the mind which it feeds the emotions ofthe soul to which it beats It s the poet Gerard Hopkins who says that of all natural things the heart best expresses what goes on within the soul Tears are sometimes put on; smiles may be forced, but the beating of the heart is the truth of nature

So with Christ Hrs neart placed its dark and sacred pat in all He lid and suffered The Sacred Heart which we adore is that very heart which swelled

with joy upon Thabor and sank in sadness at the betrayal; rejoiced at the marriage feast and grieved at thegrave of Lazarus; had compassion on the multitude, and in the garden of Gethsemane was filled with such intolerable anguish as to force out his blood in a teeming sweat

Devotion to the Sacred Heart in the form that we know is relatively modern but it has its roots in the Gospels Our Blessed Lord Himself spoke of His Heart, "Learn of Me for I am meek and humble of heart" (Matt xi, 29) And at the end we read, "One of the soldiers with a spear opened His side and immediately there came out blood and water" (John xix, 34) The piety of the firstcenturies was not slow to recognise the mystical significance of the Sacred Wound in Christ's side The early Christians saw in the mingling of the water and the blood the Divine nature and the human caught up and forever united in the one Person of the Word; they saw there, too the symbol of the Church issuing from Jesus even as Eve came forth from Adam's side

So much for the foundations It was not until the essentials of the Faith were everywhere secure that Christian folk of the early Middle Ages might begin to appreciate the more ntimate, per-

By F H W , in "Zealandia."

sonal aspect of the ancient and incorruptible truth From the wound in the side, Christian piety was drawn quite naturally to contemplate the Wounded Heart, immemorial symbol of love This was not strange, for the very art and architecture of the Roman Church had always encouraged a joyful intimacy between the people and the altar There stood the table of sacrifice where all might see the sacred mysteries and share therein

By the early Middle Ages the Church of the West could afford a new tenderness and warmth of devotion to the Sacrd Humanity of Christ We see it in nearly every aspect of the age in the strong but graceful thrust, the soaring upward flight of the cathedrals; the freer and more human style of sculpture; the disciplined romanticism of their Plainsong; the poetry of Dante; the paintings and frescoes of Giotto and his school With a suddenness that was extraordinary they shook themselves free from the stiff and hierarchic symbolism of the By7antine tradition Without in the least realising it, these mer who wished only to express the new warmth of religion were laying the foundations of modern European art by giving us a fresh and more realist approach to the beautv of this world Such were the beginnings of an art which, however debased in the days of its decadence, must acknowledge at its source an exclusively mystical enthusiasm and origin that was purely religious

ligious art The devotion to the bacred Heart, like the devotion to Our Lady of Lourdes and St Teresa of Lisieux, has suffered from the exigencies of modern industrialism no less than from the crude taste of the devout But in the Middle Ages people still understood the beauty of holiness Their devotion to Christ was the fine flower of a thousand years of Christian life, the fruit of that almost lyrical piety which flourished above all in Benedictine and Cistercian monasteries where men like Bernard and Anselm were preparing the wav for Dominic and Francis In that holy environment it began to take on the form now familiar to us all Not yet a popular devotion, it received some ; impetus from the Franciscans' preaching The flood-gates of heresy were loosed upon Northern Europe, but the tide was stemmed in the South And when the waters had withdrawn behind their historic ramparts it was found that they had left strange vestiges behind Elements of Calvin had established themselves in the heart of the Church It was Jansenism Catholicism turned Puritan with a theory of predestination Of these men some n their oveless way, were holy, but they kept the people from God; they would aot receive the Sacraments for fear of being found unworthy '

The seventeenth century drew to a close amid the secular pomp and military glories of Louis XIV There was a new spt abroad; it was the age of reason and its prophet was Voltaire Foremost wherever the battle raged were those shock-troops of Christ's army, the Fathers of the Company of Jesus Beleaguered by heresy on one side and ratinalism on the other, the Church had need of the Holy Spirit within her

And God did not forsake her now but raised up a humble, holy soul, Margaret May Alaceque, a Visitation nun of the Convent of Parav-le-Monial Favoured with frequent and astounding revelations, she accepted the call to spread everywhere thealready existing devotion to the Sacred Heart The sheer immensity of her work has served to eclipse her own character and personality Her mission was nothing less than to awaken and revive the realisation of Christ's personal love

The authorities were suspicious at first, for certain forms savoured of novelty In such matters the Holy See is slow to give pubic recognition But the responsiveness of the faithful, the genine humilitv of Margaret Mary, and the well-tempered zeal of the Jesuits were forces that nothing could for long withstand The brilliant Cardinal Lambertini was a determined opponent of the devotion; but he gave it his enthusiastic support when he ascended the Papal Throne as Benedict XIV; while his successor, Clement XIII, in 1765, instituted the Office and Feast of the Sacred Heart

The devotion continued to flourish and could not be stifled, not even by the debased and sickly romanticism of the art that battened upon it

PRIEST SAYS WOMEN MUST SAVE GOVERNMENT

Women must exercise their political rights to save the United States from slipping into "unworthy hands," the Rev Daniel A Lord, S.J., famous Catholic writer, says in the June issue of "The Queen's Work " To the question, "Don't you think that women should stay home and take care of the family and leave politics to men?' Father Lord responds:

"Amazing question after women won, and for two decades and more held, the ballot Should women hold political office? Yes-if they do not neglect their higher duties to home and family Should they vote? Emphatically yes They are citizens, and their voice should be heard in the choice of candidates, n the decisions on moral issues They must exercise their rights, or our Government will slip into unworthy hands"

MENTAL DARKNESS

Don't stay any longer in the land of indecision and mental darkness Buy a ticket to-dav in the No, 88 Charities Consultation, and it may light you to a fortune The first prize in the consultation is £6,000 Tickets are only 2/6 each

Racing Selections By "The Hawk

HELENA VALE CLUB

Saturday, June 15, 1940 (Before Acceptances.)

Greenmount Purst (First Division): Amatol, 1; Apt, 2; Tropics, 3 Kalamunda Maiden: Harihara 1% Yedrion, 2; Solicitor 3

Greenmount Purse (Second Division): Freddy Boy, 1; Lady Monk, 2; Giglet, 3 Helena Vale Handicap: The Laird, % Inchaking, 2; Chironomy 3 Bassendean Breeders: Kerlion, 1% Madam Altair, 2; Red Crest, 3 Bellevue Welter: Charming Wave.1; Humorist, 2; Jungle Lady, 3

Trotting Selections GLOUCESTER PARK

Saturday, June 15. 1940 W.A Breeders' Handicap: Percy's Lad, 1; Black Yamma, 2; Owyhee Sheik 3

It is sad to reflect that the same religious impulse in its present form should have been made the excuse for the worst sentimental extravagances of conventional re-

The holy enthusiasm of the faithful reached the climax in 1899 when Pope Leo XIII performed that great act, the consecration of the whole world to the Sacred Heart of Jesus

Sailors' Handicap: Lady Commodore, 1; Doreen Minton, 2; Siam's Beauty, 3 Airmen's Handicap: Austin's Globe, 1; Med Alto, 2; Idol's Son, 3 Sportsmen's Handicap: Thebes 1; Lady Watheroo, 2; Red Bay, 3. Soldiers' Handicap: Serene Derby, 1% Hot Spur, 2; Bronette, 3 Canberra Handicap: Prince Yamma, 1; Worthy Shasu, 2; Mareche, 3. Patriotic Handicap: Golconda, 1; Kitty Olwyn 2; Simla Derby, 3

The meeting on June 6 was hostesed by Miss Peggy Knox there being quite a cheery lot of members present, Nothing of importance was discussed at this meeting, except that we will not be holding a meeting this week, on the I3th A very enjoyable supper was served by Peggy after the meeting

The next meeting, which will be on June 20, will take place at Roma Atkinson's place Her address is 22 Coronation-street, and is the next street to Peggy's To reach there, catch the No 2 tram and get out at the terminus Coronation-street is three streets along from the terminus, and 22 is the number of the house Don't forget to come along now, girls as the attendance has been falling off somewhat lately IN SPITE OF WAR, CHURCH IN CHINA

GAIN'NG MOMENTUM

During the ten years ending June 30, 1939, the Catholic population of China increased 28 per cent Such heartening growth justifies the hope of a vast and constantly accelerating movementofconversions Thatprospect is further borne out by a more than 50 per cent increase of mission forces, which, particularly in view of the world economic crisis, is hardly less than remarkable This increase has occurred also among the native element: 48 per cent for the Crinese clergy, 45 per cent for Chinese Brothers,and 46 per cent for Chinese Sisters The effect of the expansion of personnel is particularly noticeable in the medical and educational field Dispensary treatments have gone up 8 per cent in the course of the decade, while the enrolment of Middle, UpperElementaryan Lower Elementary Schools has advanced respectively 16, 47 and 149 per cent This information is gleaned from the 1940 Statistical Yearbook just published by the Jesuits in Shanghai, from which the following figures are taken:

Catholics: 1929, 2,486,841; 1939, 3,182,950 Priests, Foreign: 1929, 1,975; 1939, 2,979 Priests, Chinese:, 1929, 1,369; 1939 2,026; Brothers, Foreign: 1929, 314; 1939, 585 Brothers, Chinese: 1929, 466; 1939, 677 Sisters, Foreign: 1929, 1,327; 1939, 2,281 Sisters, Chinese: 1929, 2,641; 1939, 3,852 Dispensary Treatments: 1929, 6,126,041; 1939, 11,247,073 Middle School Enrolment: 1929, 15,943; 1939, 18,501 Middle School Enrolment: 1929, 15,943; 1939, 18,501 Upper Elementary School: 1929, 20,760; 1939,30,523. Lower Elementary School: 1929,76,919; 1939, 176,024

CHRISTENDOM PILLARED ON POLAND

"No Neutrality in Thought," Says U S Professor Huntington, Indiana

Unless the independence and sovereignty of Poland are restored the wholeof Christendom will suffer, declares theRev Dr Cole, ofthe CatholicUniversity ofAmerica, in the "Sunday Visitor"

For Poland, he says, is one of the pillars of Christian civilisation, shattered by theallied forces of anti-God Russiaand neo-pagan Germanv

"There is," he writes, "very little difference between the atrocities perpetrated by the Reds at Minsk and the Nazis at Warsaw

"Hence, from the standpoint of universal Catholic interest, there seems no doubt wherethe justice of the present case lies, and as neutral as we can remain in action, there can beno neutrality of thought"

S.I.C. Old Boys' Reunion

AT NEW NORCIA.

This year's annual re-union at New Norcia early this month of old boys of St Ildephonsus' College had added significance, in that the Marist Brothers are commemorating the IO0th anniversary of the death of their founder, Venerable Marcellin Champagnat

Nearly 50 old boys attended the special dinner at the Hostel, arranged by the Brothers

The Prior of the Benedictine Community, Rev Father Wilfred, 0,SB,, in the absence of the Lord Abbot, proposed the toast of the Pope Mr K Byrne proposed the toast of the Association Patron, the Lord Abbot, to which Father Wilfred responded Brother Bernard, Principal of the College, proposed the toast of the Old Boys' Association, to which the President, Mr J H O'Halloran, replied The toast of the Marist Brothers was in the hands of Mr J G, O'Halloran, and Brother Reginald responded

On Sunday afternoon, the OId Boys' football team proved just a shade too good for the Present Boys XVIII, winning by three points7 goals 23 behinds to 9 goals 8 behinds, The Present Boys went to a good lead in the first quarter, but the Old Boys, improving as the game progressed, gained the lead and held to it in an exciting finish

A concert followed by community items and cards at the College on Sunday night, proved a big success and will be annually looked forward to as part of the re-union celebrations

At a Missa Cantata on Monday morning the first old boy priest Rev Father Halpin, officiated The annual hockey match on Monday was won by the Old Boys3 goals to one Handball and tennis were also played Thursday, June 6 was the centenary of the death of the founder of the Brothers and at 9 am a High Mass in the Cathedral was held, sung by the Benedictine Community, with old boy priests in the Sanctuary The panegyric of Venerable Marcellin Champagnut was preached by an old boy priest, Rev. Father Cahill, CSSR At 1230 a dinner was held at the College in hor our ofold boy priests

S.I C Football

On Sunday June 9 the College met Miling in the second round of the Moora Football Association fixtures

Winning the toss the Miling captain kicked towards the river end of the College grounds, In an endeavour to bustle the College boys Miling began at a very fast rate, but met with determined opposition from the College backs The College matched the Miling team for pace and played more concerted football and were able to keep close to their scores The first quarter ended evening: College, 34; Miling, 36 A feature of the quarter was the high marking and long kicking by the College captain, stationed at half-back

After the change over the play became very crowded and very little good football was seen Miling were combining well but spoilt many good moves towards goals by ineffective short passing near the goals On the back line Prosser and Macpherson were the rocks on which most attacks broke The scores at half-time were: College 46; Miling, 3.8

Again the third quarter was very patchy noted more for individual effort than team work, and scoring was kept down The College were endeavouring to open up the game but to little effect, Brown who had been playing a great game at half-forward, continued to attack, but Miling goalkeeper was too big for the small College forwards Nash who had been rather quiet now began to sparkle and scored two valuable goals The quarter ended with a slight lead to Miling: College, 6,7; Miling, 611

After the final change, Lardi took control of the ruck, and in very short time the College put on three goals, due to good play on the part of Brown and Nash who was now playing great football Miling became rattled and endeavouring to smother the play found the College boys too elusive and in better condition The game was well handled bv Mr V Clune and ended in favour of the College 129 to 7.12 Brown and Nash each got four goals, Hav Tankard, Lardi and Sheridan one each

June 16: Narrogin, 8 am; Yilliminning, 9,30 a.m, June 23: Cuballing, 8.30 a m : Narrogin, 1030 am June 30: Narrogin, 8 a.m; Wandering, 10.30 am NARROGIN

MASS TIME TABLE

MOORA

RELIGIOUS

HOLIDAY SCHOOL

The children of this parish were fortunate this year in being able to partieipate in a Religious Holiday School organised here for the first time

During the May holidays, children came in from outside districts of the parish to stay with the Sisters and learn the great truths of their religion in a congenial atmosphere while at the same time enjoying a most delightful holiday Twenty-one children came, and showed great interest, which surely bore much iruit They had the privilege of assisting at Holy Mass and receiving Holy Communion every day; and they learned themselves to sing the Benediction On the final Saturday morning eight of the children received First Holy Communion The week ended with a banquet for all in honour of the First Holy Communicants

The children found the week too short and would willingly have stayed longer Parents will be delighted to see what wonders have been worked in their children, and will no doubt strive to cultivate that seed sown by the good Sisters and the priest, by the example of faithful attendance to their religion and encouragement to their children Otherwise the seed will die and our efforts will be of no use Parents gladly ent in their childhen realising what a great advantage it would be; God will certainly bless them for their faith and interest in the spiritual welfare of the children whom He has given them

The Sisters wish to thank all those who helped by sending produce and other necessities

WAGIN

Mass Time Table June 16: Lake Grace, 9 a m; Kukerin, 11 am June 23: Dumbleyung, 9 am: Wagin, 11 a.m June 30· Wagin, 8 am:; Dumbleyung 10 a.m

Harvey

MASS TIME TABLE

June 16: Yarloop 8 am: Harvey 10 a m June 23 Harvey, 8 a.m: Waroona 10 am June 30: hHarvey, 8 am: Yarl0op 10 am

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THE RECORD

Thursday, June 13, 1939

SIXTEEN

Marist Brothers, New Norcia, Honour Ven. Founder "Old Boy" Priests at Celebrations

LAST Thursday the Marist Brothers throughout the world celebrated "Champagnat Day" It was on June 6, 1840, that their Ven Founder departed this life in the odour of sanctity So far the Church, with her infallible voice has proclaimed that the Ven Champagnat practised all vir tues in an heroic degree, and the Brothers pray that God may hasten the day when the Church will declare him Beatus '

A special function was held at St Ildephonsus College, to thank Almighty God for the preservation of the lnstitute of the Marist Brothers to thank Him for deigning to use the members of the Institute to advance His Kingdom on earth, and finally to beg His blessing on the future work of the Brothers Who could have assisted the Brothers to do this better than their "old boy" priests who form the brightest gem in the crown of a Catholic College?

By Wednesday evening last all the ex-student priests who could possibly attend had arrived at the College

They were: Rev Father J. Halpin ST L , PP Mt Magnet (student at S IC. 19131917); Rev F Cahill, C.SS R , Monas° tery Perth (1913-1914; Rev Father E Collins, D Ph,, P P , Shenton Park 1914-1916; Rev Father F Byrne P P Katanning (1916-1920); Rev Father F Ryan, PP, Wagin (1915 and 1919-1923); Rev Father J Cullen, Chaplain, Clontarf (1929 and 1931); Rev Father R Hynes P P Moora +1925-1929); Rev Father E O'Hal loran, P P , Wyening (1935-1938); Rev I Cameron, P P , Wyalkatchem (19351938, ex-student of Marist Brothers Vic toria); Rev. Father J Prendergast, DPh, Geraldton (who received his early training from the Marist Bro thers); Rev Father M Lynch S T C PP Three Springs (whose six brothers were at SIC while he left to pursue his studies in Ireland the year S,IC was opened) Apologies were received from the following old boy' priests: Very Rev Father Gallagher, Adm, Geraldton (student at SIC 1926-1929); Rev Father J McKay PP Carnarvon (1920-1923; Rev Father T McCaul, Victoria Park (1924-1929); Rev Father C Cunningham, PP, Busselton (1920-1922) Rev, Father Baldwin MSC (1921) and Rev Father Docherty MS C (1918), the remaining "old boy' priests are out of the State Brothers and Students Entertain "Old Boy" Priests

On Wednesday evening, the guests were entertained at a concert by the present students This was followed by an exhibition of Catholic Evidence work Three of the senior students undertook to prove and defend the Divinity of Christ After each speaker had completed his section he was 'heckled" by members of the audi ence, the guests of the evening joining n the questioning and thus adding importance and dignity to the occasion, Father F Cahill, CSSR., kindly presided at the lecture, and at the conclusion after complimenting the boys on their excellent presentation and defence, gave some sound advice to the peakers

Visitors Introduced

Each of the visitors was then introduced to the gathering by Brother Ber ard, the Principal of the College, who remarked that Brothers and boys felt highly honoured as all the visitors had come at personal inconvenience, and some after travelling over 200 miles

Each visitor recalled a few incidents in the College life of his time, incidents connected with the Benedictine Monks, the Marist Brothers, or the students

Both priests and boys were sorry that there was not more time available

The Brothers then entertained the visitors at supper

THURSDAY'S PROGRAMME

Thursday's religious programme will live long in the memories of all at New Norcia

Before breakfast Masses were said in the SIC Chapel by Fathers Cullen, Collins and Ryan, while Fathers Cahill, C.SS R , and Byrne said Masses in St Gertrude's Chapel

The central celebration of the centenary was a High Mass in the Cathedral at 8 45 a.m

Father J Halpin was celebrant, Father J Cullen deacon, and Father R Hynes sub-deacon, while Father E, Collins ably officiated as M C The other visiting priests were seated in the sanctuary

Rev Father Prior, Dom Wilfrid, 0$B, had generously placed the Ca° thedral at the disposal of the Brothers for the function and arranged to have the Mass sung by the Monks' Cnoir, while Dom Moreno, O SB, presided at the organ This gesture, which is typical of Benedictine thoughtfulness was greatly appreciated by the Marist Brothers Seated in the body of the Cathedral were the Marist Brothers Sister Clare Superior of St, Gertrude's College, and her Community; Rev Sister Benita, 0$ B , and Community; the students of S IC, of St Gertrude's College representatives of St Joseph's Orphanage and friends of the Brothers resident in New Norcia

After the Gospel, Rev Father Cahill CSS R , preached an eloquent panegyrie of the Ven M Champagnat SERMON

In the providence of God, said Father Cahill, there was an extensive and active department that dealt with the making of saints It was most admirable and manifested in a most striking way the power and wisdom of God

Every state in life could point to its representative among the saints There were saints who stood forth like superatural beings, in whom miracles be came in a sense personified who were subjects for admiration rather than imitation There were others who by their efforts and struggles and the clear manifestation of their soul's life in every particular could serve as models for instruction and imitation

Each saint filled a destined place in God's economy and, further it seemed that there was no stress or need of the Church which was not promptly met by some champion from this army of God

In the fourth century when Pelagian heretics had endeavoured to poison the nourishing stream of divine grace at its source, there had been the mighty Augustine to destroy their noxious growth

In the same era when a tempestuous flood of blasphemous heresy was poured out upon the young Christian Church and rough hands were haid upon her by a swarm of heretics denying and corrupting the central doctrine of the Divinity of Our Saviour, Athanasius had been there and Hilary, the indomitable Basil and the vigilant Am·brose, the learned Jerome, and the piercingly eloquent Chrysostom, and the Church had emerged from the agonising test triumphant In the years of comparative peace that followed the faith that had burned so ardently had begun to cool, and there had appeared again old pagan habits of licence and corruption But agah the champion of Providence had been there to fan the flickering flameSt Benedict, the founder of the illustrious Benedictine Order To-day his sons were with us to bear living testimony of the force and vigour which he had breathed into the Church 14 centuries ago

And so t was seen through the cen turies Dominic, in the 3th century; Ignatius Loyola, the soldier saint, and his men in the I6th century, when the Churchwas rent asunder by the Reformation To-day the sons of Ignatius, Xavier, Francis Borgia, Peter Canisius, Edmund Campion, and a host of others were the spear-head of the Church's army

But the Reformation had left its mark in a host of warring sects, despoiling the freshness and beauty of the Bride of Christ, Simple unlettered people, once happy in their confiding faith, had become bewildered and confused, and there had arisen that deadly enemy of the Church, ignorance, made doubly dangerous by misrepresentation and falsehood gain God's champions appeared-the saintly founders of the teaching Orders of the Church, Prominent among them was the saintly man whom they had met to honour the Venerable Marcellin Champagnat When Marcellin Champagnat was a babe of two months the rumblings of the French revolution were already echoing through the streets of Paris A year later the storm had broken with fury over the Church in France The enactment of the "civil constitution of the clergy" had cut in two a Church already threatened by Jansenism and disintegrating under the malign influence of Rationalism Four years later faithful Catholics had been horrified to be hold the repulsive and blasphemous "Peast of Reason" in the Cathedral of Notre Dame

It seemed as f the Church in France could never recover from those devastatmg blows The clergy were divided dispossessed and few in number The valiant champions of the Jesuit Order were scattered by suppression, the churches were destroyed, and religion was banished from the schools But the slowly grinding mills of God were not taken unawares, and even as Napoleon was losing the battle of Waterloo Marcellin Champagnat was already working out the plan of his campaign

As a young seminarian he had already perceived the need of schools to combat the ignorance of the faith As a priest his cherished project received daily spur from contact with the pitifully ignorant children of his parish No obstacle and he encountered many could stop him, Less than a year after his ordination, the first Marist Brothers' college was on the way He took possession with two companions and began community life, At once he began the campaign for the precious souls of the children Father Champagnat and his Brothers of Mary made ceaseless war upon the ignorance and inertia into which the revolution had plunged the Church n France

The 23 years that remained to the saintly founder were years of recurring anxiety for himself and stonm for his beloved institute But storm and persecution has been the lot of every founder from the time of St Benedict to our own times In God's good time the storm dies down and the frail and battered plant grows apace and becomes a mighty tree So it was with the Marist Brothers Before the founder died there were 310 members teaching in 48 schools, and to-day the members of the institute have reached the amaz ing total of 10,000

To-day the familiar white collar of the Marist Brother was seen in almost every country of Europe, in Asia, Africa, America and Oceania

The biographers of the saint, said Father Cahill, told us of a man who excelled in all those things in which all the aints excel Saints were not as others What the pursuit of riches and pleasure was to the devotees of the world the pursuit of sanctity was to them It was thus with Marcellin Champagnat. Never did worldling seek his pleasure as, with untiring and restless energy, Champagnat sought the love and friendship of his God

With a like zeal and even greater love he had handed over his only mat tress and bedding to a poor individual gain he was the priest pressing through storm and ice and snow to bring the comfort of the Church to the sick and dying

In all, we saw the outpouring of God's love upon mankind from the fully charged heart of a saint

The name of Marcellin Champagnat did not appear yet in the list of canonised saints But from first to last from his infancy to his saintly death exactly 100 years ago, his life had about it such unmistakable signs of true and essential holiness that we might pray with fullest confidence for the day when his name would figure in that distinguished catalogue Holy Mass was followed by Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament The large number of ex-student priests in the Sanctuary the imposing ceremonial oft High Mass and Benediction, the beautiful singing and the solemn music of the organ all combined to make the occasion a memorable one THE DINNER.

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His spiritual life was intense his prayer continuous and his charity especially unbounded, so that it could be said of him, as it was said of Abraham, "He walked with God " Yet his eyes were not always in the clouds He was not merely an angel dead to all human feelings and affections and the practical necessities of life He was attractive to his fellowmen and especially to the children for whom he had such a tender affection He had that same artless realism that marks the lives of other saints Conronted with the necessity of building a house on the one hand and complete lack of funds on the other, he had swung a blacksmith's hammer, smashd boulders pronounced unsmashable bv burlv workmen, and wielded a mason's trowel with less effect perhaps but with more determined zeal than many an artisan of skill

At Ipm the visting clergy were tendered a dinner by the Marist Brothers in the College Hall, which had been tast:fully decorated for the occasion Very Rev Prior Dom Wilfrid 0SB and Dom Moreno, 0 S B , represented the Benedictine Community At the conclusion of a delightful repast, the Principal of the College Brother Bernard, called on Father Prior to welcome the visitors officially Father Prior stressed the close union that had always existed between the Benedictine Monks and the Marist Bro thers As a result the Benedictine Community rejoiced with the Brothers in seeing their "Old Boy" priests come back with such enthusiasm to help them celebrate with due solemnity the Centenarv of their Ven Founder's death He appealed to the visitors to do their best to direct promising subjects to the Abbey to fill the Juniorate recently built, and thus guarantee the continuation of the good work that had been done by the Spanish Benedictines at New Norcia for almost a century Brother Bernard then welcomed the visiting clergy He said that when the Marist Brothers throughout the world looked back that day over the past hundred years since their Ven. Founder went to his reward, they would regard as their greatest glory the number of their ex-students who had been ordained priests Almighty God had highly honoured the Marist Brothers in Australia by making their chools and colleges nurturing grounds for a large number of priestly vocations Four of their old boys had been raised to the Episcopate One, Archbishop Gilroy, was the first native-born Australian Archbishop while Bishop Pox Bishop Henschke, and Bishop Ryan were amongst the first Australian-born Bishops to be appoined, St Idephonsus' College had no mean record. In its 26 years of existence 13 students had been raised to the priesthood, while 7 were at present doing their studies During that same period, 1 students had become Marist Brothers, while one was in training The "Old Boy"' priests had, by their self-sacrificing lives and outstanding careers, been an ornament to their "AIma Mater"' and a shining example to the present students The exstudents generally had been noted for initiative, spirit of co-operation and friendliness and these qualities had been exemplified on the present occasion by the way in which the "Old Boy" priests had lent a hand on their arrival in finalising all matters connected with the religious ceremonies It was he added, the duty of the Brothers to show themselves worthy of the honour Almighty God had shown them by making them co-operators in promoting priestly and religious ccatins The sight of their ex-student priests was an incentive to them to walk worthy f their calling. and to put into practice with renewed earnestness the teachings and exhortations of the Ven, Founder Father Halpin senior ex-student priest, then proposed the toast of the Marist Brothers It was a pleasure, he remarked, for the old boys to come back agwin and reaew cquintance with their "AIma Mater'' and with the Brothers and students As soon as thev arrived at the College they began to relive their College days Places and things were enhanced with sentimental values and were hallowed with memories of the past He paid a tribute to the founders of the College, particularly to the saintly Brother Stanislaus and to Brother Sebastian who was still doing active work at Assumption College, Victoria The early Brothers had laid the foundations of that splendid spirit for

hich ex-students of SIC, are noted, ;it which, though abstract in it- a spr ' lf received concrete expression 1n ~Li,'4, es-student that passed through the College Two other contributing factors in the formation of this traditional spirit were the spirit of prayer d piety cultivated by the Benedic[[t' and the seif-sacrificing lives of the Brothers Father Cahill seconded these remarks He made special mention pf the atmosphere of quiet an prayer in which students of SIC worked and phasised the part the Benedictine {["tis had played informing this welldefined traditional spirit of the College Father Collins supported the toast

All then adjourned to the front of the building, where Dom Tubau, 0.$.B was waiting to take a photo of the group (see back cover) Afterwards coffee was partaken in the reception room An Annual Event

As a result of discussions, it was decided to make the reunion of "Old Boy priests an annual event

The present students will long remember with pleasure this contact with ex-student priests, and there were feelings of sadness on both sides when the time came to say good-bye

Subiaco

Holy Name Society

Good attendances were recorded last Sundav when the members of the Holy NameSociety held their usual monthly Communion and meeting After evening devotions the members adjourned to St Joseph's Hall, where a very instructive and interesting lecture on So° cial Justice was delivered by Dr V H Webster Community Concert

St Joseph's Hall was filled to overflowing on Wednesday June 5, when the second of a series of community concerts in aid of the Popular Child Competition took place Conducted by the ever-popular Billie Barnes, with well-known artists Allan Barry Charles Logan, Sylvia Caporn, andmany others assisting, the entertainment proved a great success and a credit to the organisers

The third of these concerts will be held on Tuesday June 25 Popular Child Competition

With less than two months to go before the conclusion of the Popular Child Competition the various committees are still hard at work arranging several functions. Two entertainments have been organised for the coming week, and it is hoped that everyone (particularly the men) will show their appreciation of the work of the committee by attending at least one of them

The first of these will be a house party, to be held on Monday next, June I7 at the residence of Mrs Lyons cor ner of Gregory and Barrett Streets, Wembley, in aid of the West Leederville section On Tuesday, June 18, in St. Joseph's Hall, a bridge and rummy evening will be conducted by the Wembley candidate Admission is 1/6 and a good night's entertainment is assured C WL. Monthly Meeting.

The Subiaco Branch of the Catholic Women's League will hold its monthly meeting on Wednesday, June 19, at 8 p.m , in St, Joseph's Hall, A good attendance is expected

YOUNG MEN'S CLUB NOTES

Special Meeting.

A special meeting of all members of the club is called for Monday next, lune 17 in St Joseph's Hall at 8 pm All are requested to attend, as business relating to the athletic club and other club matters will be dealt with It It is hoped that members will heed this notice and do their best to attend, and also to try and bring others along with them

Jottings

Monday June 24 is the date of our next function, and it will be a "carnival night"

Congratulations to Sarsfield Ryan on his recent engagement We also wish him success in his new position in the R A.A.

A well-known member of the club. n Bernie Flynn is off again. This time to Darwin where we wish him the best of luck in his new sphere

DISTRICT BOARD

Visits to Branches: St Malachi's Branch, Highgate, was visited on May 22 and St Kevin's Branch, Subiaco, on 6th inst There were specially good meetings on both occasions, and the visiting officers were well pleased with the condition of both these branches, St Patrick's Branch will be visited on Monday next, 17th inst

St Munchin's Branch, Collie: A delegation from the District Board visited Collie on I0th inst, for the purpose of visiting St Munchin's Branch The Grand Secretary had spent a couple of days organising in the parish Upwards of forty members and intending members attended the meeting a satisfactory feature being the marked keenness and enthusiasm manifested bv those present The society was honoured by the presence of Rev Father Briody and Rev Father Diviney, who both spoke eulogistically with regard to the society, The visit will result in a very considerable strengthening of the membership of the branch, and this is attributable very largely to the splendid measure of assistance given by Father Diviney The next meeting of the branch will be held on Tuesday next and all the new members are asked to be present for formal initiation, The District Board thanks sincerely Bro Frank Campbell, who made his car available for the visit

Complimentary Social to Sister P Williamson: On Thursday next, 20th inst, at St Joseph's Hall, Subiaco, a social will be held in honour of and a presentation will be made to Sr Wil liamson as a gesture of appreciation of her wonderful work on behalf of the society Every member is asked to attend and thus make the function an outstanding success

Metropolitan Social Council

Bro Burrowes presided over the meeting held on Tth inst, and branches were well represented Reports were received from several branches in regard to the competitions, and in most cases the winning teams recorded 4point wins It will help considerably if matches are played on the dates arranged A shield, donated by Bro Creighton, will be allotted to the 'B" grade competitions, and the same rules will comply to it as to the winning of the "A" grade shield The following members won the prizes for the cards competitions: Bridge: Bro Keogh and Father Ahern, SrsLaurisson, Berrigan and Griffin Euchre: Bros McIntyre Manton and Hynes, Srs Jarvis and Manton, Members are reminded of the complimentary social to be held in St Joseph's Hall Subiaco on the 20th inst

The council has decided to hold a dance at the Carlton in July, when several trophies will be presented Our Lady, Help of Christians, Branch. Bro R Battersby presided over a well attended meeting The officers elected at the previous meeting were installed They were: President, Bro. R Battersby; vicepresident, Bro M Priest; secretary Bro J Egan senr.; warden, Bro E McCarthy; guardian, Bro W Ramsey; assistant secretary and press correspondent, Bro W McCarthy; delegate to district board, Bro J Finnegan, senr; friendly society's delegate Bro J Finnegan senr

St, Kevin's Branch, Bro McCabe presided over the meeting held on the 6th inst, and the attendance was most gratifying to the officers The hope that such attendances would continue was expressed by the president The president welcomed to the branch the members of the District Board, who were paying their annual visit. The secretary said that twentv members had been initiated during the past year The Grand President said that the society had had a successful year, but he reminded members that it was necessary togo on 1ncreasing the membership and thus give to all Catholics the spiritual, social and material benefits of our society Bro P Mitchell thanked the District members for their attendance and assured them that the members of St, Kevin's would do all possible to promote the interests of the society

The Catholic Ball.

Owing to the visit of the Prime Minister Mr Menzies. to Western Australia, we have decided to hold the Ca° tholic Ball on June 25 All arrangements have now been finalised to cover the alteration of date, Miss I Grant is holding the practice for the debutantesat the Cathedral Hall everv Sunday morning

Monthly Meeting

The monthly meeting has been postponed till July 3, and will be held at the new headquarters, No 10 second floor, Nestle's House We would be pleased to receive donations towards the furnishing of the new rooms Jumble Sale.

Mrs. Maxwell wishes all those who have goods for the Jumble Sale to hand them in to the rooms as soon as possible The sale will be held at an early date

Cathedral Branch

A bridge and card party will be held at Stirling Social Rooms (Mrs O'Connell's) Hay-street on Wednesday, June 19 The subscription s 2s, and good prizes will be given Reservations may be made by ringing B4254

Fremantle

St Joseph's Convent Ball I Preparations are finalised for St Joseph's Convent Ball, which is to be held in the Fremantle Town Hall on Wed. nesday next June 19 Ex-students and friends of the Sisters are asked to help if possible with contributions towards the supper or with prizes for the children's ball, which will be held on the following night, June 20 Any dona tions of refreshments may be left at the Town Hall or at the Convent on Wednesday, or if you prefer to ring L2209 a car will call and collect them

Keep the date free, Wednesday next June 19 and make your venue the Fre mantle Town Hall where for the modest sum of five shillings you can help the Sisters of St Joseph, and in so doing have a night of night's yourself

At the June meeting of the Third Order of St Francis held on the first Sunday, the reading of the rules was given by the Prefectan obligation which occurs twice a year, to keep fresh in the minds of the tertiaries their spiritual duties and professed way of life We were exhorted by our spiritual director, Father Johnston, to ever remember that ours is not a Sodality but an Order, we being as truly bound by the rules and obligations with the same necessity of humility and obedience to our superiors in authority as any other Order or community of relgious

Tertiaries must comply with request regarding letter of suggestions for the welfare of our fraternity

The prefect read an interesting letter which was a translation irom a French paper, telling of the discovery of the birth place of St Francis.

The knitting circle was thanked, through a letter from Brother O'Neil, of Castledare for the good work tbey had performed for the boys of that home

The Bursary steel engraving went to Mr W B Shocker, Hill-street, Perth Afull attendance especially of the brothers, is requested at the next meeting.

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Shield Competition.

The third round of matches in Shield Competition were played during lastweek-endin delightful weather, A1l engagements were keenly contested, and several surprise victories wereachieved, particularly in the Men's "A" Grade section The secondportionof this round will be played this weekend (June 15 and 16) and players in the mens division are once more reminded that their matches commence at 130 pm., and not at2 pm

Following are the results of the games played last week-end, and a list showing the placings of the teams at the conclusionofsame:

Men's Division,

Grade:

A"

St Mary'sNo 2, 10 sets 79 games

beat Theresians, 6 sets 66 games

St Brigids,977, beatSt. Joachim's, 7 66

St Mary's No 1, 8.74, beat Nedlands, 8 69 '¢"

Grade:

St Kevin's,12.87,beatHighgate,4,59

St Joachim's, 1383, beat Star of the Sea, 3.54

St Anthony's,10.83,beatTheresians, 6.68

St Brigid's, 13 90, beatNed±ands, 3 50.

St Mary's, 1080; beat St Patrick's, 6.69 Women's Division.

A" Grade:

St Mary's,9.68; beatSt Joachim's, 5 56

D'' Grade:

St Kevin's No 1, 1078, beat Highgate No 1, 661

TheresianNo I, 9,59, beat Nedlands, 7.61

St Brigid's,1595,beatSt Anthony's, 1 29

St Kevin'sNo 2,9.69, beat Highgate No 2, 5.51

St Joachim's No 1 9.73 beat St. Mary's No 1, 6.66

St Patrick's, 973, beat Starof the Sea, 561

St Joachim's No 3,8.73; beat St Mary's No 2, 654

St Joachim's No 2, 1590, beat Theresian No, 2, 1 39

Grade

St Mary'sNo

St Brigid's

Theresian 2 1 15 st, Mary's No 1 2 1 15 Nedlands 3 1 6

St Joachim's 1 22 St Kevins 2 14 xSignifies match drawn.

C'' Grade Men P W For Ag Pts.

St Joachim's No 1 3 3 37 9 6

St Brigid's 3 3 37 10

THE SONOVOX Can be Anyone WITH

Amazing Hollywood Discovery

ONE morning in Hollywood, Gilbert Wright, screen and fiction writer, was shaving underneath his chin, with his mouth open, when he heard the sound of his whiskers being cut coming out of his mouth Rushing to a music shop, he bought a tuning fork, struck the fork, and pressed its handle to the side of his throat, and mouthed a silent "Hello." It came out faintly, "Hello' in A, the voice of the fork. Starting from this point, Wright, a former professor of physics, spent two years building in his spare time a machine called the Sonovox, which may cause as great a revoution in motion pictures as did the advent of sound

The Sonovox is a simple little machine with a sound box like a phonograph to which two small, biscuit-shaped vibrators are connected by wires Start a record of Tito Schipa singing "O Sole Mio," hold the vibrators to each side of your neck, open your lips and you hear the golden voice of Schipa comingout of your mouth Now, silently, mouth the words, "Oh, thrilling splendour!" Instead of "O sole mio" Schipa will sing, "Oh, thrilling splendour!" You have caught the stream of Italian in your mouth and remoulded it into English.

Wright, the novelist son of Harold Bell Wright, got his idea for the Sonovox because he was working on a screen play in which the murderer, fleeing from the scene of his crime, was haunted bv the sound of the train wheels accusing him, "You killed her, you killed her, clacketyclack, you killed her!" The producers were planning, in the usual fashion, to take the sound of the train wheels and dub in some corny voice spealing the necessary words Wright, however, thought it would be much better if the wheels themselves could speak n their own voice Engineers told him it couldn't be done But the shave, the tuning fork and Wright's knowledge of the science of sound solved the problem

To-day, with the Sonovox, speaking can be done by train wheels or a violin, a fire siren, or a cement mixer; and anyone can be Caruso or Galli-Curci Actually, all you do is act as a loudspeaker, shaping sound into words when, as and if you desire

fect Spanish, French or Italian

Likewise, we English-speaking audiences may hear foreign actors speaking with their own voicesand understand them No more unsatisfactory dubbed sound which never seems to fit the rhythm of the action, no more superimposed titles jumping out at you from the bottom of the screen In newsreels you may hear Hitler, in his own hysterical voice, address the Reichstag in English, if that's any treat Outside the motien-picture field, Sonovox can be of great service to people who have lost their voices through disease or accident For individuals thus afflicted, Sonovox vill er nsist of small button vibrators worn on either side of the throat, mnvisible under the collar, and atached to a battery similar to that for a hearing aid When the battery : witched on, it will send the niece sarv sound vibrations into the throat The wearer himself will shape the words Although undoubtedly the voice will have a mechanical sound, it will be far better than no voice at all -Nancy Pope in "Collier's."

June16· Serpentine,8.30 am, Pinjarra, I0 a.m June23:Mandurah,8a.m; Pinjarra, 10 am June30: Dwellingup,8 am No 2 Mill 10 a.m Pinjarra

MASS TIME TABLE

New Books

776HAYSTREET, PERTH Telephone: B165

WORDS OP LIFE On the Margin of the Missal, By Abbot Marmion 11/9

THERESA NEUMANN OF KONNERSREUTH By Charles E Roy and W A Joyce The story of ex traordinaryeventsand graces of the marvellous stigmatistTheresa Neumann 5/6

Annual Ball. AnzacHouseBallroomwasthevenue ofmany members andfriendsonFriday evening lst, on the occasion of theAssociation'sannualball Although theattendancewasnotaslargeas

To begin with, Wright knew that ordinary speech is caused by two things: the buzz or hum made in the throat by air passing through the vocal cords, a buzz that can be raised or lowered in pitch and volume and that's all; and second, the modifications of this buzz in the mouth by palate tongue teeth and lips-these modifications form the actual syllables of articulate speech What Wright wanted to do was to supply another buzz tor the human buzz in the throat So he enlarged the vibrations from a phonograph record or a sound track so that they would actually cause the humanthroat to vibrate When Sonovox is in common use, American motion pictures wI be transmuted and remouldinto any desired language D° p o essional articulators The American voices will be exactly he same, but the words as they come from the screen will be per-

MY SISTERS PASS BY By Marie Rene-Bazin Writtenbya Helper ofthe Holy Souls with theobjectof showingher Sisters at work,which is essentiallya lifeofexpiation 8/6

THE SWEET SINGER OF ISRAEL. By C. C. Martindale, SJ This book consistsofanumberofshort meditations on verses from the Psalms grouped under headings such as Praise Gratitude Sorrow for Sin etc : 13/9

MURDER IN A NUNNERY By Eric Shepherd The theme in this story would be thereactionsofthe Nuns, the Scholars and the Police,if a murder occurred in a large and busyConvent Boarding School 9/6

PIUS XII , PRIEST AND STATESMAN By KeesVanHoek This Biography bounds with lifeand col our; itunoldsthecharming story of Eugenio Pacelli's career from a delicate boy in Rome,to be supreme rulerofthe Catholic World 43

THE SPLENDOUR OF- THE LITURGY By MauriceZundel This bookmay be describedinbriefasa Retreatonthe Mass · 12/6

POPE PIUS THE ELEVENTH B Philip Hughes This is the third arge-scalestudyofthePope,rich in valuable biographicaldetail 14/6

MISSIONS IN SOUTH AMERICA. PIONEERS OF THE UPPER ORINOCO

As their steamer ploughs its way through the Straits of the Dragons' Mouths, travellers from the Windward Islands bound for Trinidad are often struck by the sudden change in the colour of the sea As they enter the Gulf of Paris the dazzling blue of the sunlit Carribbean turns to a dirty bottle green This startling transformation is due to a vast amount of detritus swept down from the Venezuelan hinterland by the mighty Orinoco, which empties its waters nto the ocean atthis point Along the upper reaches of this great river, where Elizabethan adventurers once vainly sought to discover the Eldorado, Spanishspeaking misisonary priests from the days of the Conquistadores to those of Simon Bolivar expended a not inconsiderable amount of labour on endeavouring to evangelise the wild Indian tribes Owing to the checquered history of this section of the South American continent during the early nineteenth century, much of their work was undone To-day, however, missionary pioneersareonce ore engaged in laying the foundatiens of Christian civilisation n the remote mountain vallevs where the source of the Orinoco river lies

For the past eight years the Salesians have been in charge of the Apostolic Prefecture of the Upper Orinoco, covering an immense stretch of sparsely populated territory in the Venezuelan hinterland San Fernando and Maroa on the banks of the Orinoco are two of the most important centres in this district

The former is situated in an important strategic position close to the Colombian frontier amidst surroundings not devoid of charm To-day, however it is little more than the ghost of a once populous city Many ofthe streets are deserted and overgrown with tropical vegetation The fine church, built during the Spanish Colonial period, is but a crumbling ruin The few people who remain there seldom make use of money and conduct business by means of barter The material as well as the moral resurrection of San Fernan<lo depends on the work of the Salesian pioneers Rt Rev H de Ferrari, SS, Apostolic Prefect of Upper Orinoco, recently paid a visit to this place where he baptised and confirmed some 7O persons and blessed 10 marrages

Writing from Maroa, a Salesian missionary describes the welcome he received from the people, who are all of Indian blood Long deprived of the ministrations of a resident priest, they yet maintained the custom of going to church on Sundavs and taking part in devotions read to them from a prayer-book by a Catholic layman When the missionary delivered a course of sermons the whole population assembled to listen The civil authorities placed a boat at his disposal so that he might visit the neighbouring villages along the banks of the Orinoco and administer the Sacraments to many of the people

Wherever they travel along the pper reaches of the Orinico the Salesian Missionaries report they are reccved with open arms

RED PRISONERS REPORTED RELEASED

The China Central Government has informed the German Embassy in that country of a further development in the case of the three German and two Dutch missionaries of the Divine Word Society who were reported taken into custody some months ago

The communication states that the Governor of Sinkiang has announced that the Missionaries in question are about to be released from custody and are to be turned over to the National Ministry of Foreign Affairs pending a settlement of the questions involved

WITH THE COPTS IN UPPER EGYPT

With traditions going back to the early days of the Christian Church in the Nile Vallev before the Moslem invasions, the Egyptian Copts constitute to-day a minority group in the Egyptian nation Manv of them are in full communion with the Holv See This is due in large measure to the unflagging labours of the Franciscans who, ever since the Middle Ages, have endeavoured to win ack to the Church the Coptic schismatics The Coptic Uniat Church is governed to-day by its own hierarchy reconstituted bv Leo XIII

In recent times the Franciscans, who handed over to the Coptic Uniat hierarchv their missions in Lower Egypt, have concentrated their attention mostly on Upper Egpt They have founded missions amongst the Copts at Fayum, Beni, Suef, Assiut, Kono and Luxor They are in charge of 15 major and 23 Minor mission posts rr Upper Egypt, where they are aided in their, work by the Franciscan Missionaries of Marv and the Sisters oi St Elizabeth The most recent statistics list for these stations two secondary and six elementary schools for boys, with a total, respectiwely, of 139 and 1,350 students, eleven girls' schools with 1,970 pupils, and one or two professional and trade schools In the country villages the missionaries have opened 14 elementary schools, with a total of 640 boys and 649 girl pupils Medical mission work is being carried on in 19 dispensaries by four doctors, aided by 19 Sisters

Of particular importance are the Seraphic College at Assiut and the Major Seminary at Ghire

The former, opened by Father M Libri, in 1928, has 23 Coptic aspirants who, after becoming Franciscans will follow the Coptic rite It is thus hoped to realise within the Coptic Uniat Church the dream of reviving the religious state The Major Seminary, opened in 1937 at Kubbohgarden, was later transferred to Ghizo

This institution which is laying the foundations of a native Coptic clergy, has nine seminarists

Three recently ordained priests are also attending the lectures

"The Record'' is published on

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East Premantle 159; East Perth 914

Claremont, 22 17; Perth, 12 17

West Perth, 1610; Swans, 9.10

South Fremantle, 1418; Subiaco, 139. Premiership Points, Claremont

East Perth

South Fremantle

West Perth East Premantle

Perth Subiaco

Swan Districts Leading Goalgetters, G Doig (E F.)

Tyson (WP)

G Moloney (C ) Truscott (S F )

Saturday's Games

Perth v East Perth, at WAC.A Swans v Souths, at Fremantle Wests v Subiaco at Subiaco. Claremont v East Fremantle, at Claremont Recorder" Souths, Wests, Tel 438

SMALL'S DELICATESSEN

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selects East Perth, and Claremont to win Brieflets.

Subiaco, although defeated by Souths, showed greatly improved form, and may be relied on to extend Wests on Saturday

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Alsoall Leading Brands of Wines and Spirits BERT STARR --Proprietor

George Doig's eight goals against East Perth were the result of clever play He stands an excellent chance of getting his hundred for the season, and thus maintaining his sequence of centuries"

Ted Tyson is also doing well, and his nine goals against Souths were well earned

Subiaco's first quarter against Souths was a great one and most Maroon supporters, even thus early in the game, anticpated a win, but Souths fought back gallantly in the second quarter, although they did not take the lead until the last quarter

In the two Easts game, Prank Ryan gave a good exhibition of umpiring

Ebbs, of Old Easts, was the player of the match at Subiaco

THE ALCOCK CUP COMPETITION

The Public Schools' Association commenced its competition for the Alcock Cup on Wednesday, June 9 WHO REMEMBERS?

In 1916, Aquinas won the premiership for the I0th year in sucession It was a great game, with Aquinasgetting home by eleven points, and was played on the Royal Show Grounds

The following sets of verses changed hands on the occasion of the 1916 victory over Scotch College' An Appreciation, Good morning, my gallant Scotchies' How do you feel to-day?

I'm sure your bones are aching, After last Wednesday's play

I told you our men would conquer, They're made of the proper stuff

In size there is something wanting, But in deeds they ar good enough

We beat you fair and squarely, We're proud of our football fame

But we like to meet the Scotchies, For they always play the game

Three cheers, then for the Sotchies, They're men through wo and weal, They re conquered, but, by jingo!

Thev honour the foremen's steel! The Scotchies' Reply Beaten, yes! but conquered, never!

We'll keep on playing you for ever; Ind mark my words before ere long

We'll sing the victors' triumph song

Bad luck with Scotch ran hand in hand, Yet all the time our merry band With dauntless hearts the game they played, 'Tis not our part to be dismayed

Some bones are sore, yes, that s true!

But most of you bear marks of blue; We will admit you played the game

Indeed you always do the same

You gave hard knocks and so did we, We grudge you not your victory; We had but seventeen you know And even then we made you "go'

In his first essay he won a feather weight tournament his weight at the time being 7st T7lbs Within a year of that success he had entered the professional class and the following year saw him go through the bantam classundefeated

His defeat in 1898 at the hands of Tim Callahan resulted n a riot when the referee disqualified him in the 11th round. That fight was really the turning point of his career, for he blamed his manager for giving badadvice broke with him, and then fought under the guidance of one Sam Harris, a leading fight promoter and an astute promoter of a boxer's capabilities

His first match under the management of Hrris was a return with Tim Callahan, whom he knocked out in the I6th. round

After a succession of KO victorie Terry was matched with Casper Len for the bantam title and the former won in 12 rounds Joe Bernstein, pounds heavier was a tougher nut to crack, but Terry gained the verdict after 25 rounds

With this hard-won victory to his credit, there was no doubting the class of MeGov·rn and his manager looked around for a likely opponentone who would draw the crowd

Holding out the bait of a big purse and the Bantam hampionship of the World, Sam Harri induced the Engish ch mpion, Pedlar Palmer, to visit Ameris and on September 12, 1899 they met in an open-air stadium

Sir Thomas Lipton of tea fame was in America on one of his many attempts to win "The America Cup'' of yachting, but his disappointment in the match must hve equalled that when the "Shamrck" failed for the Englihman was put to sleep two minutes after the contest started McGovern, now bantam champion of

; SPORTING oUIz } 11 what country was Carbine f

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} 2 Who were the first Austra } ? lasian winners of the Davis , t cup? 3

} 3 Who was Major Taylor? } 4. Swimming: What is the re. } ? cord time for a woman to stay ? $ under water?

$ { } 5 Has any Australian cricketer $ $ performed the "hat-trick" } iwice in one Test match? } l Name him $

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But sportsmen true you always are, And search we near or search we far, We'd sooner vou in combat meet

For you can always take defeat t k t

With congratulations on your ten years of success

The reference to 'We had but seventeen," is to the Scotch captain, Geoff Maxwell who was injured during the game Clarrie O'Brien was captain of Aquinas,

Boxing

'Terrible Terry."

Of the truly great boxers that America has produced, none was more popular with ringsiders than that featherweight hurricane, "Terrible Terry" McGovern, who, contrary to what has been published in several papers, was born in America He was an orphan at the age of 14, and he soon showed an aptitude for the fight game

the world, looked round in vain for a match in his weight class, but his manager decided to waste little time while Terry was in such fine trim, and challenged the featherweight title George Dixon, the coloured champion of the little men agreed to a title fight and January 9 1900 saw Terry facing the test of his career Nothing daunted, McGovern went after his man with the result that, at the end of the 12th round Dixon was beaten, and Terry was the featherweight champion of the world

As with the bantams McGovern found match prospects poor among the feathers, and so we find him, at 8st. 8lbs, seeking matches above the 9st limit, and with monotonous regularity over went the lightweight contenders

These victories culminated in a match with the lightweight champion Frank Erne, at Madison Square Gardens, on July 16, 1900, and after 2l rounds, the champion took the full count, "Terrible Terry" was the new champion, but because of the fact that holding the title entitled defending it against all comers at 9 7, which would mean a weight handicap of 13lbs McGovern declined to accept the honour Terry's next fight of importance was with Joe Gans, the coloured featherweight, and Terry knocked him out in

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o' two rounds He followed this upwith Jack Dempsey, the Nonpareil, the g KO in the 4th round over a highly great middleweight from whom Fit

rated fighter in Oscar Gardner simmons won the world's middleweight HAVE YOU TRIED •• i iios? ii ire ere vegan t gm- <ampinsii as born i ir~iand, it

PI[NFER BAKERY 5 mer in the fistic firmament a fighting was only three years old when his par- F ; star. destined in a few months to ents migrated to_ America Ton Sole Goldfelds Manufacturer of Procera Bread, Our Prompt Delivery ; eclipse the meteoric career of Terry, Sharkey and Jack McAuliffe were also THE Service Covers Kalgoorlie and Boulder i tor it was his very next fight which Irish-born fighters who left the o1 PIONEER BAKERY. 4o NORTH TERRACE, BOULDER. ; marked the turning point in a pheno- country at a very early age ' (W ANDERSON) i menal career oi nearly 150 successful In Australia, Larry Foley, Frank ~ 'Phone 137 ouder, and our Carter will call

Sl Rjl] I, D, '

contests lavin, inly 'arrum, 'eter Newton,

To the amazement of sporting Amer- Mick Dooley were all born in Australia ica, July 4, 1901 saw the "Terror" reel- of Irish parents John L Sullivan ing irom his pedestal in two rounds, Terry McGovern, Packy McFarland, and from this blow to his prestige Mc- Jim Corbett, Gene Tunney and Mickey Govern never fully recovered AI- Walker were all American-born of Irish though he almost immediately resum- parentage ed his successful run Terry appeared To go back to early days Jack Lanto lose that confidence in himself so gan, who fought two famous battles ecessary to achampion, and it remain- with English champion Tom Spring, ed only for Young Corbett to repeat must be mentioned Langon never the dose, on March 31 1903, in eleven fought an official ring battle in Eire rounds, te cause a slump in McGov- but may be bracketed with Maher and ern's stocks Dougherty as Irish born and bred

The fact that Young Corbett seemed to have his measure worried "Terrible Terry," with the result that, after brooding ior many months over his defeat, McGovern suffered a nervous break-down,

After twelve months he returned to the ring. Fights with Tommy Murphy Battling Nelson and Jimmy Britt followed his comeback, and then a rejuvenated McGovern defeated Young Corbett for the first time

It was just after signing articles for a fourth fight with Young Corbett that Terry again breaking down, this time completely left the fight game and died shortly afterwards

THE IRISH

The prize ring is rich n the deeds and accomplishments ot boxers of Irish ancestry Fighting sons and grandsons of Eire at one time established a monopoly as far as the championships were concerned

It is a curious iact, however, that the Irishman, born and reed to manhood, in and around his native county, has rarely achieved prominence in the ring The great miority of Irish champions were born of Irish parent», who had emigrated to Amer:ea or Australia The progeny oi Irish families, settled in England and Scotland, have also made ring history

The father of Bob Fitzsimmons was a migrating Irish farmer, who married a Cornish girl, and settled among the "Cousin Jacks," but Bob's parents went to New Zeland while Bob was still an nfant

Jack Randell, the famous nonpareil oi the old prize ring, was born in ondon of Irish parents. So also was 'Deaf" Burke who won the championship of England Jim Driscoll, Owen Moran, Jem Carney, Jerry Delaney, Pat O'Keefe, and Johnny Summers were descendants of Irish families In the long roll of Irish pugilists who achieved fame in the hempen square, Dan Doughety and Peter Maher were two of whom it could long be said "They were Irish born and bred"

Dan Dougherty flourished very many years ago. Coming to England he defeated Tom Oliver, who held the championship of England

Peter Maher had grown to manhood before he left Dublin for America After his fight with Charlie Mitchell, Jim Corbett announced his retirement, and bequeathed his title to the young Irishman, who had scored severa! neritorious victories

Bob Fitsimmons knocked out Peter Maher and claimed the championship, and it was this claim by a "foreigner" that brought Corbett out of his shell, and led up to the day when the "solorplexus'' punch came into prominencewhen Fitzsimmons won the title in the 4th round.

HAVEYOUTRIEDJ. OKEEFE

GROCE R 174 HANNAN STREET KALGOORLIE

Hockey

In A1 Grade Old Aquinians beat Old Modernians 2-nil, the goal-hitters being Evans and McNamara

In the BI Grade, St Ildephonsus drew with Suburban, l-all Hickey getting the goal for Saints and E Hodge for Suburban.

In BI Grade, Saints" had an overwhelming win over University, 6-nil

The goal-hitters were Gaynor and Haynes», three each In the Junior No 1 Grade, Old Aquinians were defeated by OldGuildfordians, 20, the goals being hit by Price and Clayforth,

RACING

Racing is at Helena Vale on Satur day, and here is the programme, with an early "both-ways" tip for each event:

Kalamunda Maiden: Yedrion

Purse: Apt

Breeders Handicap: Red Crest Helena Vale Handicap: Inchaking Welter: Jungle Lady Purse (2nd Division): Lompian

FROM THE EAST

I consider that Our Barney is the best colt I have trained since Talking,' said well-known owner and trainer, A G Papworth, after the son of Brazen carried 9 0 to victory in the Nursery at Canterbury The Clubman"

For the Nationals the two horses that appeal to me are Cheery Jack and Turf Boy, The form of these two is outstanding Each is an excellent jumper and can stay Each has a good horse's weight, but both have proved time and again their ability to successfully carry bigger weights If either is beaten, it probably will be by a candidat which hus not up to the present revealed any form entitling it to be considered up to National standard "Narahquong"

Sydney's big hope for the Grand National Hurdle Blackie Miller is on the injured list He ricked a shoulder while schooling at Randwick and his owner-trainer, G Johnson may have to cancel his trip to Flemington "The Clubman '

By his performance in the Sandringham Handicap, a mile and a half flat race at Flemington, Cheery Jack has left the impression on a very large section of the Victorian racing public that he will be too good for his opponents in the Grand National Hurdle Race, to be run earlv next month

One leading bookmaker who laid the Cheery Jack-Turf Boy double at cramped odds, said that his clients were getting good value, as it would be impossible to back Cheery Jack on the dav of the race if everything went all right with him"Ascot"

TROTTING.

There will be a seven-event meeting at Gloucester Park on Saturday, The Breeders' Handicap 1l miles has attracted 20 runners of which Sheen and Owvhee Dixie are the back markers, 144 behind All events are over 1 miles, three for the 221 class and three for the 2.16

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tion of active participation in the hop who was the head The Bishop Church's Liturgy lead? was the true Father of the faithful of

A It would transform society Pope his diocese, who looked up to him for Pius X stated that it is the indispen- spiritual guidance and obeyed his sable means of spreading the spirit of every word He was the bond of Christ throughout the world union with the Apostles He was the guardian of sacred tradition and the representative of ecclesiastical authority

Q Was this ideal participation in the liturgy of the Church, which was sought after by Pope Piuus X ever realised in the history of the Church?

A It was realised in the life of the early Christians who were persever-. ing in the doctrine of the Apostles and in the communication of the breaking of bread and in prayers" (Acts ii 42) It was their daily routine to assemble together for liturgical prayer to partake in common of the "Agape," to unite in the offering up of the Holy Sacrifice and partake of the Victim in Holy Communion They acted consciously as members of the one Church, having one faith, one sacrifice, one holy Bread, one prayer alike n all Al prayed together as one great family The Catholics of every city formed one

W L CARTER Manager TWENY-TWO

To follow with him in liturgical service was to pray in conscious union with the Church,

Q What was the result of this life in common in the case of the Early Christians?

A, "They received into their veins the life-blood of fraternal charity"

"And the multitude of believers had but one heart and one soul'' (Acts iv, 32) Were not the very pagans foreed to cry out: See those Christians how they love one another" (cf Panfoeder)

No one prayed for himself alone

Each one n the liturgical functions was raised above all that was merely personal All together formed one Body Compare the Secret of the Mass of the

Sixth Sunday after Penteocst: "that what each does offer in honour of Thy name may avail for the salvation of all"

It was in their active participation in the Mass that the Early Christians acquired the strength and courage to shed their blood n defence of the faith for the Mass is that Sacrifice from which martvrdom receives its whole beginning ' (Secret of the Mass of Thursday after the Third Sunday of Lent)

Q May we hope for a renewal of the glories of these ancient days?

Thursday, June 13, 1939

A We must "pray the Mass;" we must 'live the Mass"

Q What is meant by "praying the Mass?"

A We pray the Mass in reciting the prayers of the Missal or prayers equiva lent to them That is the normal way of uniting ourselves with the priest at the altar We must not consider the Mass as affording us a convenient op portunity of practising our private de votions As members of the Church we should take an active part in the Holy Sacrifice, which the Church, as a society, offers up to the Blessed Trinity, through Christ, with Christ, and in Christ

Q What is meant by "living the Mass?"

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Now Is the Time to CONSULT

A It is but the literal truth to state that every Mass at which we assist is calculated so to renew the face of the earth See a priest at the altar: he exchanges greetings frequently and carries on a dialogue with the faithful who are represented by the server prays in the plural in union with the faithful, offers up the Holy Sacrifice in their name and in his own, calls the Sacrifice both his and theirs and when through the power of his priesthood, he consecrates the bread and wine in the person of Christ, he offers up the consecrated gifts with the faithful in union with Christ's offering up of Himself, partakes of the Victim offered up and makes the faithful partakers of It, too, in Holy Communion

Were the faithful as consciously and as closely united with the priest and faithful to unite the offering of themselves with Christ's offering of Himself upon the altar n the spirit and in the way the liturgy of the Mass provides, the Kingdom of Christ would come upon the earth, for the Mass is "the source of all holiness" (the Secret of the Mass of St Ignatius, 31st July)

Q How does Pius X summarise his whole teaching on this point?

AA It means that at every Mass we should offer up ourselves in sacrifice our life our will our hopes, our joys, our sorrows, and prolong that offering of ourselves through all our day, from Mass to Mass, so as to link every moment of our day to the daily or weekly sacrifice From this intimate union of our sacrifice of ourselves with the Ifinite Sacrifice Christ offers to His Eternal Father upon the altar is derived all that makes for our sanctificatton Each day, tor instance, has its trials. We offer these with ourselves at the altar When the moment of trial comes the Holy Mass procures for us the necessary graces to endure or to overcome

To spur us on to this high purpose of living the Mass" we should ever bear in mind that every day we, as members of the mystical Body of Christ, are offered up in the Holy Sacrifice of the Mas: to the glory of the Blessed Trin ity in union with the offering Christ makes of Himself upon the altar

THIS BENEDICTINE NUN HAS A JESUIT SON

FTER her husband's death, the writer of this delightful letter became a Benedictine nun in England, and her young son, Robin, entered the Jesuits Now he is in India Here are some extracts from his mother's letter:

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His was a very wonderful vocation It seemed born with him From the time he was quite a tiny baby, and just beginning to speak, he used to say he was going loin-bas-la-bas' (he had a French nurse then) When we'd ask him what he was going to do 'loin, la-bas,' he'd say the petits enfants' didn't know about 'le Bon Dieu' and he'd tell them When he got a little bigger, he was always playing at trains, saying he was going to become an engine driver and a priest, and he'd drive his train to places far away where there was no one to sav Mass' He never wavered as the years went on. At thirteen he went off himself on holidays (he was then at the Benedictines' at Ampleforth) to the novitiate of the Jesuits near Lonaon, and asked to see the Novice Master, and begged him to accept him there and then as a novice, giving as reason that priests were wanted so badlv on the mission-field that he'd get there sooner if he entered younger! The Novice Master told him he had no novices of thirteen but suggested, if he liked, he might get his mother to let him begin being a Jesuit by going to school at a Jesuit college When he asked me, I said he might if he'd be willing to go without his only brother, Rene, to whom he was, and is, devotedly attached There was a moment s hesitation; then he said ,'III go, Mother!' and he fnished his education at Stonyhurst Regularly, every holidays he begged to enter the novitiate Finally, when a very holy Jesuit a great friend of mine, died (Fr Daniel Considine; have you ev: seen his 'Words of Encouragement'?), Robin knelt beside his body and said to him:

" 'Father, you are now in heaven Get me quickly into the novitiate, and to the foreign missions'

(He had just been refused again, and told to return to school for an exam)

Within less than a week, he was in the novitiate, destined for India, and within a couple of months on his way there Father Bertrand had come seeking volunteer Robin heard of it the very day he was returning to school, rushed in (taking me with him) to see Father Bertrand, setled t all, telephoned there and then to the Novice Master and wa: in the novitiate next day!

No wonder Robin says Mass well He had practised it every single day in all his holidays from the time he was about six years oll till he went to the novitiate It was his immediate occupation after breakfast every morning He put on the vestments some nuns had made him, got his brother as server, and went through the whole Mass Ditto all the Holy Week ceremonies as soon as he returned for his Easter holidays He never failed to serve as many Masses as I'd allow before his breakfast every mornng In fact, he thought of nothing else all his life Yet he was bubbling over with fun and jokes, and even up to all sorts of mischief and practical Jokes But God and the missions had the whole of his heart He used always to tell me I must become a Contemplative nun, because he'd want me as his 'munition worker' when a missioner He didn't say, as he might, that I was also to become by profession a beggar and supply all his funds' When he wanted £60 lately, and I demurred, asking how on earth I was to get it he wrote me:

'It's as easy, Mother, for God to send you £60 as £1 '

"It's true and all our lives God has done most wonderful things, providing Robin with every desire of his heart

My son's vocation has brought me far the deepest joys I've had in life-even humanly speaking Mothers don't know what they do in grudging their children to God He repays everything with royal interest even in this life"

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The Busbies' Comer

Dear Cornerites

This week brings us the feast of a ery great Saint of the Church, St An±bony oi Padua Now, though Padua ;s a famous Italian town, and St Anthony is known in association with it, he was actually of Portuguese birth

From a very early age he was devoted to prayer and study and joined the Franciscan Order at Assisi uAt the age of 27 he was called forth irom his obscurity to preach against heresy, and for nine years he preached in France, Italy and Sicily, and performed many miracles in the name of Christ He died in 1231 at the age of 36 years, and the following year his name was 1nscribed among the Saints of God, An interesting little story is told of St Anthony One night when he was staying with a friend in the city of Padua, his host saw brilliant rays streaming under the door of the Saint's room ,and on looking through the keyhole he beheld a little Child of marvellous beauty standing upon a book which lay open upon the table and clinging with both arms round St Anthonys neck, At last the Child vanished and St Anthony, opening the door, charged his friend, by the love of Him whom he had seen to tell no one of the vision as long as he was alive This little story you see depicted on nearly allholypicturesof St Anthony In Padua a beautiful basilica, which took over one hundred vears to build is dedicated to his honour, and it is here that the Saint's body has been buried St Anthony is a patron of students and you should pray particularly to him for help at school and examinations

AUNT BESSY # k #

Dardanup

Dear Aunt Bessy,I received your letter with the prick card in it I have not yet got it full, but have started to save stamps for you, and will send them as soon as I have them ready Peter s away in Perth having his eyes fixed up The men are all very busy planting potatoes down here

BETTY

Dear Betty,I will be ever so pleased to receive the stamps when they are ready and I hope you wont have any difficulty in filling the prick card speedily Most of the Cornerites seem to have forgotten all about the Corner this week and the Lemonade Bottle is dry indeed I hope Peter will look nice n glasses

AUNT BESSY

t.4.44.44444444444

CARDBOARD BRIGADE.

Volunteers are badly needed for the 1939 Brigade Letters may be written to the Corner under an assumed name, but all volunteers must also supply their real name and full address, so that a Pinkie may be sent on In this way they may gather thirty brownies for the Bushies, a small amount in itself, but quite sufficient if all will help-

Northcliffe

Dear Aunt BessyThis is my first letter toyou I have been in the Convent School for the holidays I am 12 years old and my birthday is in April. The Sisters have been kind to all of us We get "The Record?' sometimes

JACQUELINE LAVERTON

Dear Jacqueline It's great to know what good work the Cause is doing for the children of the outback, and that is why the Corner particularly welcomes letters from the Bush children, especially those who have been attending Bushies' Holiday Schools for instructions I am going to put your name on the Bushies' Adoption Scheme, so that someone will forward you "The Record" each week when they are finished with it I know you would like to have it every week

AUNT BESSY

ADOPT A BUSHIE

If you wish to forward "The Record and any other Catholic literature to a Bushie family, send a stamped-addressed envelope to Aunt Bessy who will forward you a name and address Actually no literature itself must be sent to this officeonly the stamped, addressed envelope

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Dear Aunt Bessy, This is my first etter to you The Sister at Manjimup told me that I could write to you I spent my holidays at the Convent in Manjimup Father is very nice to us all, and we liked the instructions PAT HASTIE

Dear Pat,I hope you will become a regular correspondent in the Corner now that you have joined up, We like very much to have letters from our Bushies, as they also serve to show what great work the Scheme is doing for children in the outback I am glad you liked the instructions They are a very necessary part of our Holy Faith Without instruction in the Catholic Faith we cannot learn to know and love God properly, and as He desires that we should I hope you will be able to attend further Bushies' Schools in the future

AUNT BESSY

k k

k Northcliffe

Dear Aunt Bessy,-This is my first letter to you and I hope it won't be my last The Sister of Manjimup Convent told me that anyone could write to you and you wouldpublish the letter in The Record," so I thought I would write I am the only girl in the family, and have six brothers, but I wish I had a sister I am thirteen years old I spent y holidays at the Manjimup Convent and I liked it very much · ALICE HODGKIN

Dear, Alice,I, too, hope that this will not be vour last letter but I think that is up to yourself I am always very pleased to hear from children who live far away in the bush As regards being the only girl in the familv I am sure you have heard the song "Wishing will make it so" It's a pity it isn't true, isn't it?

AUNT BESSY, Northcliffe

The "Queen's Work," national Sodality organ published here, prints in its June issue the following acknowledgment from Cecil de Mille, Hollywood movie producer, to the open letter by "The Queen's Work Staff, published in the Mav issue, and which was reproduced widely throughout the United States:

"Thank vou for your beautiful open letter to me about 'The Queen of Queens.'

"As you point out, the project of bringing the story of the Madonna to the screen will be a tremendous task But my associates and I shall have the inspiration of knowing that we are engaged in a tremendous purpose.

We are approaching the hallowed story of the greatest woman in historv-the story of the Mother of Jesuswith a deep sense of responsibility and with the same spiritual and artistic thrill that impelled the making of 'The King of Kings.'

"I ask your prayers and God's blessing on our work "

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(Continued from Front Cover) sion, it exposes in the light of official documents, both old and recent, the bad faith and the particularly disgraceful character of this invasion

It recalls the solemn declarations in which the Reich had many times, notably at the outbreak of this war, promised to respect the integrity of the three countries that have now been attacked, explaining the patient and -especially as regards Belgium the many efforts by these countries to avoid the slightest opportunity for an excuse of invasion by either of the two belligerents

It mentions the "systematic refusal by the Governments of Brussels and The Hague to have any contact with the French or British Governments," and points out the brutal and insolent language of the German memorandum and ts striking similarity to the ultimatum of 1914

Criminal Aggression.

The "Osservatore'' paid a tribute to the heroic stand of Belgium, Holland and Luxemburg and praised the speech by M Spaak, Belgium's Foreign Minister

"M Spaak has reminded us that Belgium did everything in its power to preserve the nation from war," it says, "and proves that his country has been the victim of criminal aggression that was not even preceded by an ultimatum"

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Slovakia, Catholic Nazi-Controlled

Slovakia, Central European republic under Nazi "protection,' enjoys religious freedom such as is unknown anywhere else in the sphere of German domination, writes the Rome correspondent of "La Croix," Mgr Glorieux

This is partly due to Mgr Tiso, its president, who "while hokiing a doubtful political posron 1s full of real priestly zeal ' He still has charge of the Banoyce parish, near Trencin, and carries out all the duties of a parish priest every week-end

The President of the Council oi Ministers, M Tuka is also a good Catholic, as are most of the other important officials in the Government

Last Lent, the President of the council, his four chief ministers, the Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, the Propaganda Minister, and some 25 M P 's made a three-day retreat at Ruzomberok

Religious life in the country was "troubled'' during the political crisis, writes the French correspondent, but has recovered again Present circumstances have caused greater fervour than ever among the people Religion Compulsory

The Minister of Education, M Sivak is a sincere Catholic, and religious nstruction is compulsory in all schools, even the universitv The Government's social programme s officially declared to be inspired by the Papal Encyclicals

Two French Departments Ask End of Ant-Clerical Laws PROTEST AGAINST INVASION

The general councils of two of France's 87 departments passed resolutions last month urging the Government to repeal the anticlerical laws of 1901 and 1904.

The Le Gard council declared that "religious now mobilised and ex-Service men of the 1914 war should be considered normal French citizens and as far as they concerned them the particular dispositions of the laws of 1901 and 1904 on the congregations should be abrogated''

The Alpes Maritimes council said: "Considering that the unity of all Frenchmen is more indispensable than ever at this raoment to bar the road to the German peril; considering that, in spite of the 1914-18 war in which they took part as Frenchmen, the religious are still excluded from the benefits of the common law, an end should now be put to this incomprehensible situation violating the principles of the declaration of the rights of man and of citizens

Equal Duties and Rights

"We believe that every French citizen called upon to shed his blood and having the same rights to work, produce, think, instruct and learn should also enjoy the other liberties"

Early in the war 230 French deputies sent a letter urging the repeal of these anti-clerical laws

to M Daladier, who was then Prime Minister

Some 9,220 religious returned from abroad to serve their country when the laws were temporarily suspended in 1914-18, they pointed out When the war was over they were obliged to return into exile--less the 1,151 who had died in action

They are serving again this time, too

VATICAN PAPER PRAISES MADELEINE CARROLL

A recent article in the "Os'servatore Romano'' gives praise to Madeleine Carroll, the film actress, for her action in giving over her castle at Sandreville, near Orleans, to the Sisters of St Vincent de Paul for the housing of children evacuated from Paris

"In our Catholic conception of universal brotherhood, Madeleine Carroll has given proof how to return in a dignified manner the hospitality given to her by the country where she spends her moments of rest"

And the Vatican organ adds that it is not only to praise the humanitarian act of this artist that this article s written, but to encourage the emulation of all those owners of property who, in the lands which are threatened by bombs, can offer hospitality to the l children, who are the future hopes of their countrv

Oasis In Europe

I BELGU.N ROYAL OHII.- , DREN IN ENGLAND, SAYS rRAuxo j + London, May 24 j j The Belgian royal children are in England and not in Italy, announces the French Ministry of Information.

The three children, Prince Baudouin and his sister and brother, were reported last week to have been sent to Italy to stay with their aunt, the Princess of Piedmont f ; ta 444444 4.4 .4. NEW PARIS ARCHBISHOP BROADCASTS, AND THEN GOES ON SPANISH PILGRIMAGE

Paris

Within a few hours of the announcement of his appointment as Archbishop of Paris, Cardinal Suhard, formerly Archbishop of Reims, was broadcasting to the French nation

PRESIDENT TISO carries out all the duties of a parish priest every week-end

The new republic is 80 per cent Catholic

The Holy See is represented in the capital, Bratislava, by a charge d'affaires, Mgr Burzio, and Slovakia is represented at the Vatican bv M Charles Sidor M Sidor, on the advice of the Holy See, resides in Slovakia for reasons of prudence

Slovakia remains an oasis oi fervent Catholicism right in the centre of troubled Europe, Mgr Glorieux writes It may well be the foundation stone for future reconstruction

RA.F, FLY FRIAR 200 MILES TO ONE PILOT

The RA F authorities in the Middle East, learning that a pilot in a desert outpost was a Catholic, flew an elderly French Franciscan missionary 200 miles to attend to his spiritual needs

"Rather wonderful wasn't it?"

comments this solitary Catholic in a letter to the "Universe."

"I think the courtesy of the authorities and the charity of the good friar are equally worthv of record"

"I have just heard of my nomination," he said "I admit that I am frightened at the load that has been put on my shoulders If I have agreed to accept the Holy Father's request it is because, in the gravity of the present moment, no one has the right to reject demands on his service

"May God protect our beloved country and lead it, through its sacrifices and tears, to final victory. We must all work without personal consideration for that end''

Cardinal Suhard then led the French party taking part in the centenary pilgrimage to Our Lady De~l Pilar, Saragossa, Spain

During his brief stop in Paris on his wav from Reims the Cardinal visited M Reynaud, French Premier, and was guest of honour at a reception by a group interested in Spain

When Cardinal Suhard arrived in Madrid he was accompanied by Admiral Joubert and three French Bishops

Mme Petain, wife of the new French Vice-Premier, gave a lunch n his honour at the French Embassy

GROUP OF PRIESTS ENTERTAINED BY THE MARIST BROTHERS AT ST, ILDEPHONSUS COLLEGE ON CHAMPAGNAT DAY.

E