The Record Newspaper 30 May 1940

re Highest Quality Procurable tor the Flower Vegetable ud Farm

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Robber-Taxes on Impose

As foreshadowed in the London Universe" last March, the Soviet attack on Catholicism in Poland is taking a financial course similar to that emploved by the Reich.

f the churches that were ter the Russian occupation open again; but for permisrry on their work they are pay taxes which amount to bery

The 'hurch of St Mary Magdalen in being made to pay 12000 rounth Nearly all churches in ict are forced to pay thounonth, while their congregae been reduced to appalling with not enough money to th aret necessities of liv Ing.

lectris light, churches are asked pa ·ight times the amount paid in privat house

F r his private lodging a priest must pay ight rubles a month, For a imilr lodging an ordinary worker pay onl 60 kopek

Nun: are gain being allowed t d me teaching provided that they di rd ny ·lthing that could be said » have religious significance, schools are being opened abstaining from sending his ·hild t this school must pay 400 r mor roubles fine

Another idea copied from the Reich i: that children at these schools are promised sweets if they catch and report their parents expressing dissatis faction with the State

In aim st ever respect Soviet per ution of th Church follow the exmpie t by Hitler; the Church is not penly outlawed, but the lif of anyone who openly remains faithful t th 'hurch is made a misery Anti-God propaganda increas

In one final repect also, the result f the prsecution is the amt A refugee just rut of Lwow states that before leaving he went to Mass in the Church of St Nicholas

It was so full that there was standing room only; and at Communion the whole congregation moved forward to the Communion rails

THE Religion

NAZI ANT-GOD OUTRAGES IN POLAND

Rome

Marriage between Poles is forbidden and the teaching of religion is banned from the schools, states Cardinal Hlond, Primate of Poland, in a second report on the Germans' anti-religious outrages in that country

The Cathedral of Polplin has become a garage, the chapel attached to it a dance-hall Hundreds of priests have been hot, and hundred more imprim I A quarter a million people from one province have been forcibly evacuated under barbarous cnditions and t a temperatur of 40 degrees below zero Many old people nd infants died in the truck

Th ppultin of Gdynia has dropp:d from 120,000 t 15,000

At Kalsz the parish priest was led to his execution barefoot, Jews were compelled to tie him to the stake

FRENCH BISHOP IS CORPORAL

Bishop Benusart, Vicar apitular o Pari. wa mad n honorary c re in a French infantry regiment when h mad recent visit t the Maginot Line H will receive his stripe Jul 14. Fran ' national holiday

SIXTY-SEVENTH YEAR.

NAZIS

MURDERED BISHOP MAY BE CANONISED

Peking

Testimony gathered in connection with the violent death under heroic circumstances ten years ago of Bishop Louis Versiglia, a Salesian and Vicar Apostolic of Shinchow, China, has just t ·en published

Within two years of the Bishop's death preliminary steps were taken for the introduction of the cause for his anonisation

The publication of the testimony advances the proceedings to their second stage

BRITISH SOLDIER IS SAVED BY FRENCH NUN.

General Viscount Gort tells in a general routine order how a Fenoh nun saved the life of a British soldir Sh is a Sister of Mercy-Sister Hortense ·and she was collecting for the per ot France in a British camp

Seeing a soldier with his clothes in flames." states the British mmander-in-Chief, "she seized a blanket, ran to the soldier, and wrapped the blankt round him until the flames were extinguished

Though imperilled by her vluminous clothing, Siter Hortense acted with complete disregard for her own persnal fety"

Portugal Has New

Rome

I new oncrdat signed on Tuesday morning, 7th, inst. between the Holy See and Portugal includes a provision that the Pope shall personally and directlv nominate the Bishops for Portugal and Portuguese pssessions

In several countriesincluding Spain -it has been the custom for the Government to nominate Bishops for approval to the Holy See.

Among the 31 article i the oncordat are the lowing

Concordat

Recognition by the State of the un-

!re~j~ racer or i marase bond

R ·titution of property which the hurch wa dispossessed t the time f the Separation; Nomination by the Ppe per mnall and directly of the Bishops Relisiou: instruction t be establish ed in schools

The practice of religion ed in the Army

The Church to have authority t ound free schools

Th Portuguese Legation at the Vatican is to be raised to the tatus o r Embassv

McLEAN & KEATING

advise they have removed to more upto-date premises, opposite their old address LADIES AND GENTS' TAILORS

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An old farmer went to the dentist to have an aching molar removed The operation was completed; and the patient then instructed the dentist to remove the next one It isn't necessary,'' explained the dentist That one only aches in sympathy"

'Yank it out, then,'' growled the farmer "Darn such sympathy as that"

The first day he went into the restaurant he ordered brown bread with his meat The waitress brought white bread.

The second day he ordered brown bread and again she brought white bread The third day he ordered brown and again he got white

For a whole week this went on On the eighth day he decided that the only way to get what he wanted was to order the opposite

So, having ordered lunch, he added: and bring me some white bread" "But" said the waitress "aren't you the gentleman that always has brown bread?"

it t # #

The buxom wife had returned from her shopping expedition in a towering temper, and was pouring out her troubles to her patient husband

'That young assistant was intoler ably rude to me,'' she declared. Was she dear?"

Yes. I asked for a coat that would make me look slim and she said she had served her apprenticeship as a saleswoman, not as an illusionist!" k

The senses of animals and birds," explained the teacher "are usually more developed than in man Can you Smith, name a creature which sees better than a man?"

An eagle, sir'

"Correct And you, Jones, name an animal which hears better than a man" "A dog sir"

"Quite right And now, Wilkins name something that smells better than a man

"A rose sir"

k k k

The small car stopped suddenly at a turning and the heavy lorry close behind narrowly averted a crash

From the "baby" appeared a woman's arm, describing circles in the air

The lorry-driver watched the signals in apparent bewilderment until a voice from the pavement explained: "She wants you to loop the loop, guv'nor'' k k k #

It was a case of speeding, and the police witness said the defendant, a minister, had been doing over fifty miles an hour in his new car

"Fifty!" scoffed the minister "Non ense! I was doing more like fifteen

The magistrate le ked from one to the other Then he said:

"I don't want to doubt either of you Tell me'he turned to the minister"is there any reason for this officer having a grudge against you?"

I cant think of any-unless its the fact that I married him a year ago"

t # #

With much thought and licking of pencil, Private Jones was writing home to his mother His letter began>

'Dear Mother,I am doing fine

Last week I was on sentry and stopped the colonel because he'd forgotten the pass-word Next morning he complimented me on parade

"Since then I have been put on every dirty fatigue that is going-

ALEX RODOREDA

Turf Commission Agent

802 HAY STREET. AGENT FOR W A CHARITIES Ring B 5841 and B 5236

The recruit was on sentry duty He had a piece of pie, which he had brought from the canteen, and proceeded to enjoy it Just then the colonel happened to come along He scowled at the sentry, who paid no attention, "Do you know who I am?" the offcer demanded

The sentry shook his head

'Maybe the veterinary, or the barber, or maybe the colonel himself"

The sentry laughed at his own wit But he wilted as the officer sternly declared his identity Good Heavens!" the recruit cried out in consternation ''Please hold this pie while I present arms"

# k k #

A man who had been enjoying himself not wisely but too well was taking the train home

While waiting at the station he wandered up to the signal-box door For some minutes he gazed in stupefaction at the signalman pulling over his I levers

Then gradually a smile of understanding came over his face and he exclaimed, Mines a bitter!"

•

"Here's a wonderful thing" said Mrs Browne 'I've just been reading of a man who reached the age of forty without learning to read or write, He met a woman and for her sake he made a scholar of himself in two years"

That's nothing,'' replied her husband I know a man who was a profound scholar at forty He met a woman, and for her sake he made a fool of himself in two days.''

»k k

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A little bov who went to school for the first time returned home and his father asked him how he liked it

"It's all right but they ask too many questions," said the lad "First they asked me where you were born and I told them Then they asked me where mother was born and I told thm But when thev asked me where I was born I had to tell a lie I didn't want to say I was born in the Women's Hospital and have them think I was a sissy so I told them it was n the Wembley Stadium " k k k #

There had been burglary and a detevtive had been sent to investigate

"H'm,'' he murmured, after he had been round the house and asked a few questions 'Looks to me like an inide job, The burglar evidently knew just where to find everything"

The householder shook his head ouldnt be," he replied Nobody in this house knows where to look for anything-''

it # k k l recruit fed up with army life thought he would try to "work his ticket"

He sketched a duck on the barrackroom wall, and began to throw crumbs of bread to it

When the sergeant saw him, he gave him a large shovel

"What's this for?" asked the recruit continuing his half-wit pretence

"You go into the field at the back," nswered the sergeant, "and dig and dig until you come to water for a pond Then your duck can swim in real water, and not on a brain-wave"

k Mrs Pipps was proud of her son Rufus

"He's so gifted Mrs Jones,"' she told her neighbur one morning "Now he's gone in for music, an paid fifteen shillings for an instrument!"

'What instrument does he play?" asked the neighbour,

"He calls it a catarrh" Catarrh?'' echoed Mrs Jones "I thought that was something to do with the nose?"

"Oh. no!" corrected Mrs Pipps beaming "He plays everything by ear!"

# k sailor home on short leave decided to consult a doctor about a sore throat that was troubling him After an inspection, the doctor said: You had better try gargling with salt and water.''

"What, again!" said the sailor "I've been torpedoed three times'

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'Hello Bill How's your eye getting on now?"

"Oh. not so bad, Fred; it's mending slowly Me and the missus have made it up now" "Oh that's good!" "Yes, she only threw the table-cloth at me this morning-" k k WERE YOU ONE OF THE LUCKY ONES THISITIME IF NOT, GET YOUR TICKET PROMCHARLES WATSON & C0.

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Prayers

F R. G., Rozelle:

For

Rain

Being very interested in the controversy about prayers for rain, I wold be glad to have your answer to the following questions

I shall answer them briefly

Much of the rain we get is wasted because Little or no provision is made to store the water

That is true Much of the distress caused by drought could be avoided if proper use were made of times of abundant falls

Isn't building dams to preserve the rain water better than just praying for more rain?

Li we simply waste the water that is given us, we cannot reasonably expect God to prevent the consequences of our own neglect God gave us intelligence and He expects us to use it by employing the resources at our disposal to the best advantage If we neglect to do so and suffer in consequence we have only ourselves to blame

But failure to make use of the riches of nature which God has given us is not a sufficient reason for neglecting another and more important duty, which is the duty of prayer All our material requirements rain included as well as life itself and the universe in which we live are the gifts of God and remain within His power Now Christ, who is God as well as Man, taught that it was our duty to pray for our material needs Even when man has done his best, the forces of nature remain to a large extent beyond his control While we have no right to expect miracles we have God's word for it that persevering prayer, made with the proper dispositions, will be answered. The granting of certain requests in answer to prayer is part of the eternal plan of God for the gov ernment of the world k k k k AN EXCUSEFORLAZINESS?

God knows from eternity the fact of our salvation or damnation But we are not saved or lost because God knows it; God knows it because we will as a matter of fact save our souls or lose them If we make use of the means of salvation we will have our souls; if we do not we are lost The use of the means provided by God for all depends on our own free will and, consequently, it is on the right use of free will that our salvation depends God knows from eternity what our actual free choice willbe

If you mean that the Catholic Church is a commercial affair, whose arm 1s to make money and enrich the clergy, your question is absurd, and has no other foundation than the lies of Communist propagandists and other ignorant or malicious persons If you mean that Church funds are a1ministered on business lines, the answer is in the affirmative for the money at the disposal of the Church is too little to permit of its being wasted These funds are devoted to the building and maintenance of churches and schools, the support of the clergy and to the establishment and upkeep of numerous works of social and national welfare

same sense that God isour Father, thus excluding the all-embracing father of God They do notmean that we must not call any man "father," for the Fourth Commandment calls one of our parents ''father'' and commands us to honour him as such A priest is not a father in the sense that an earthly parent is a father Catholics do not call him "father'' in the same sense that they call God their Father, But he is a father in the spiritual sense, for he does all in the spiritual life of Catholics that one's earthly parent does in the temporal order In this sense Catholicpriests are rightly called father" St Paul claimed the title when he said:

Religious

Education

W H Y, East Bankstown, N.S W :

I have heard it said that children must have a religious training

What you heard was quite true

Every child should have a thorough religious education and training for every child is a human person with an immortal soul and an eternal destiny which is the possession of God in the world to come They have a right to an education which fits them not only to be good citizens of this world, but which will enable them to lead lives worthy of the sons of God To deny them this right is to do them an immense injustice and heavily handicap them in the attainment of the end for which they were created Moreover, a thorough religious training is the only satisfactory basis and method of the character formation and moral training which is indispensable to civilisation itself Without religion there is no solid rational foundation for parenIs not prayer in such circumstances tal or civil authority; no foundation just an excuse for laziness? for moral obligation and law without bl th t · · di "d al cases.' which civilisation will inevitably lapse

It i po le at in inc ividut " into the savagery and anarchy of the prayer may be more or less an excuse for laziness as, for example, when the Jnl" _ + persons concerned are too slothful to vail themselves of what God has al WHAT IS IT° ready provided But two things should What would you call a religious trainbe remembered here: the first, that ing?

The fact is that the Catholic Church, although hampered by a double educational burden caused by an unjust educational system, has done more to help the poor and the suffering than any other institution I say this, not to belittle or discredit the splendid work done by other organisations, but simply as a statement of fact

How is the income of the Ronan Church derived?

The income of the Catholic Church is derived mainly from the voluntary contributions of the Catholic people t t k t "JUDGE" RUTHERFORD

We hear a lot about Judge Rutherford and I have no time for him, That you have no time for Judge'' Rutherford I can readily understand

But we do not hear a great deal about "Judge" Rutherford himself, for there is much about him that is discreetly passed over in silence We hear a great deal of the venomous and subversive rubbish which emanates from him and is spread to the ends of the earth by every means of publicity and propaganda

By what right do you call yourself "Father" and deny him the right to call himself Father"?

I admonish you as mv dearest chi!dren For if you have ten thousand instructors in Christ, yet not many fathers For in Jesus Christ, by the Gospel I have begotten you.

CATHOLIC OR ROMANCATHOLIC

Some years ago my children weregoing to the Catholic school and they were told to put "R C " after their names Later they were told just to put "C" Why was this?

There is only one Catholic Church. The words "Roman Catholic" as used by Catholics do not imply that there are other "Catholic Churches;" they simply mean that the Catholic Church has its headquarters in Rome In the State of NSW, however, the term "Roman Catholic" is the legal designation of the Catholic Church. It was propably to conform to this legal usage that the local Catholic priest or teacher told the children to put the words "Roman Catholic'' after their names This was later deemed unnecessary and the children were told to write simply 'Catholic" That is all the signifieance that can be attached to the change of name in your locality

Prayer is one of our fundamental duties to God our Cre tor The fact th;t some people abuse prayer is not a valid excu: for neglecting this duty Was not prayer intended for man's spiritual good?

r which is simply an excuse for A religious training is one which fts lazine is not really prayer, for it the child for the love and service of does not fulfil the conditions of true God and of men for the sake of God It prayer, th ond, that people who consists in thorough instruction in the are too lazy to make use of what God truths of the Christian religion; in the ha lready provided are usually those law of god and the duties it imposes who are too lazy to pray True prayer towards God, our fellow men civil sois not easy and has no attraction for ciety and one's own person It means the lazy the formation of virtuous habits and the moulding of character in accordnce with the teaching of Our Lord, making use of every art of pedagogy and of the means of grace instituted by Christ to aid our human frailty In short, a proper religious training is one which results in the formation of the perfect Christian and the perfect citizen, to the extent that perfection is attainable in this world t st #

Primarily yes; exclusively, no Prayer for our spiritual needs is of th utmost importance; so much so that the mon who refuses to pray is in grat danger of losing his soul For h thereby fails to fulfil a serious obligation and refuses the very means of gr: without which salvation is im1

t *

IS PRAYERANSWERED?

A CATHOLIC 'IDEA"

Religious education is the idea of the Roman Catholic Church

"Judge" Rutherford does not claim any right to the title "Father,'' and there is no reason to deny what he does not claim What I do seriously question is his right to the title Judge"

Rutherford was never a Judge and he never will be He is not a judge, and it is not probable that he ever will be one k 'CALL NO MAN FATHER.'"

ou are not a father and you have no right to call yourself father, for the Scripture says: "Call no man father."

The frequency with which that hoary chestnut bobs up is an indication of the wide circulation of the absurd publications of Judge" Rutherford

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What guarantee is there that prayer will be answered?

Th highest of all guarantees: the word of Jesus Christ, the Incarnate Son o God, "Ask and you shall receir.," He said, "seek and you shall find knock and it shall be opened unto you" (Matt vii,, 7)

t k

er is not nw ·red, it is either because our prayer is defective or because what we ask is not for our good To be acceptable to God prayer must be humble and reverentbased on the recognition of our nothingness and unworthinessin the presence of the Divine Majecty; trustful-full of confidence in God's fidelity to His promises; persevering according to the insistent teaching of Our Lord Himself We cannot put a time-limit on God st k k "SHEER HYPOCRISY."

Is It not just sheer hypocrisy for bad men to pray?

If their prayers are insincere, yes; otherwise no The sinner who earnestly prays to God for the grace of repentance is certainly not guilty of hypocrisy; for he sincerely recognises his guilt and asks God's pardon, If he continues to pray, he will not remain addicted to sin and will receive the grace necessary to reform his life

What is the use of praying when God knows already whether we will be aved or damned?

Correct But it is also the "idea" of the Protestant statesman, President Roosevelt nd of a secular journal, the London 'Times" In its editorial for February 17, 1940, the "Times" declared: "The truth of course, is that religion must form the basis of any education worth the name, and that education with religion omitted is not really education at all"

Most important of all, the Catholic Church in insisting on religious education is simply insisting on the law of God laid down in the Ten Commandments The knowledge, love and service of God is the sole purpose of our existence in this world Without religious education the fulfilment of this fundamental purpose of our existence is practically impossible Education without religion, however proficient it mav make men in the affairs of this world, is utterly futile, for according to the solemn teaching of Christ Our Lord it does not profit a man to gain the whole world and suffer the loss of his own soul It frustrates the wish of our Divine Lord that the little children should be allowed to come to Him and renders those who consciously neglect this duty liable to the terrible punishment which He decreed for those who would scandalise His "little ones" k k t t A COMMERCIAL INSTITUTION?

Is not St. Mary's Cathedral recognised as the Roman Catholic Church?

No St Mary's Cathedral is recognised as the Cathedral Church of the rchdicese of Svdnev

Is not the Roman Catholic Church built up on commercial lines?

It is true that Our Lord said: Call none your father on earth for One is your Father, Who is in heaven" (Matt xxiii, 9-10), But there is no warrant for your interpretation of the text The words mean that we should not regard any man as our father in the

GORDON

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FOUR

The Early Christians and the End of the World

H P , Crown-street, Sydney:

(I shall now continue my commentary on Mr Heathcote's pamphlet: "Which is the Truth Church?" The following questions will be quotations from the pamphlet): AII throughtheDecadesfrom30A.D to 70 A D it was thought that the endof the world was at hand."

This assertion presupposes the truth of all that Mr Heathcote has alreadv said about the expectation amongst the early Christians of an immediate return of Our Lord In a previous session it was shown that Mr Heathcote was here using his imagination as a substitute for historical fact There is not the shadow of historical evidence for the assertion that the generality of Christians up to 70 AD expected the immediate return of Christ Those amongst the Christians of Thessaly who were inclined to this view were corrected in no uncertain terms by the Apostle St Paul "However, time proved that the belief in the Second Coming was an illusion, and extraordinarily powerful illusion and enduring but an illusion " It would seem rather that Mr Heathcote is suffering from illusions drawn from the theories of Rationa!ists and Modernists, and having scant connection with fact, It may suit Mr Heathcote's purpose to accuse the

early Christians of a powerful and enduring illusion, but there is not tbe slightest historical warrant for so doing

"What really happened was this Jerusalem and its Temple were overthrown by the armies of Rome under Titus amid' scenes of appalling bloodshed and massacre"

That is one of the very rare statements of historical fact which the pamphlet contains Mr Heathcote forgets to add, however that the destruction of Jerusalem was foretold in detail by Christ Himself some forty years before the event

"The Jewish company of believers in the Nazarene who were in Jerusalem escaped from the city, lingered for sometimeandthenpetered out "

The Christians in Jerusalem, both Jews and Greeks, forewarned by the prophecy of Our Lord, fled from the doomed city before it was besieged by the Romans In the course of time they were gradually absorbed by the general body of Christians from whom they differed only in race not in belief

"The Gentile community who believed in Jesus as a Saviour God, scattered as they were about the Greek world, continued to exist,"

Mr Heathcote implies that the belief of the Greek Christians differed from the belief of the Jewish Chris-

tians, in particular, because the \ Greeks, following the preaching of St, Paul, regarded Christ as God the Saviour, while the Jewish Christians did not But here he is simply rehashing the discredited theories of the Rationalist School of Tubingen, ignoring the overwhelming historical evidence for the complete identity of belief which existed amongst the Greek and Jewish Christians Jesus was preached to both Jews and Gentiles as God the Son made man, the Saviour oi the world This is clear from the mutual reverence and respect which existed between SS Peter and Paul and the other Apostles (Gal II., 9); from their strict adherence to the teaching of Christ (Gal I 8); irom the complete agreement in doctrine amongst the Apostles which is evident both in the Acts of the Apostles th xv, 5-29) and the Epistles. So much for Mr Heathcote's fine sense of history,

EXPLAINING AWAY" THECHURCH.

An unexpected future had turned up, and so it became necessary to organise and unite their scatteredbodies,' Since the organisation of the Church existed from the very beginning accordng to the Constitution laid down by Christ Himself, and since the realisation of an "unexpected future" which Mr Heathcote attributes to the early Christians has no existence outside his own imagination, this attempt to explain away the foundation of the Church by Christ has no historical evidence to support it and is flatly contradicted by the historical records of the New Testament

Down to the year 70 AD., when Jerusalem fell, the idea of an enduring Church of supernatural origin could not have arisen'

Why not?

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"As there was to be no future history there could be no Church to live in it The Church was a by-product of the fall of Jerusalem It was a resultant of the failure of the Second Coming as taught by St James, St Peter and St Paul to eventuate Since St James, Si, Peter and St Paul did not teach that the end of the world was mimnent, the statement that the early Christians thought there would be no future history is sheer rubbish, as has been pointed out in previous sessions, Since the Church existed for some forty years before the fall of Jerusalem it is nonsense to say that the foundation of the Church was a by-product of the fall of that city

The idea of a Church to live in history dates from 70 A.D, not from 30 AD"' Thus sayeth Mr Heathcote, after consulting his "historical" magination

But the historical records say quite the opposite The Gospel of St. Matthew shows how Christ Himself laid down the constitution of His Church as a monarchical society to last until the end of the world The Acts of the Apostles record the actual beginning of the Church on Pentecost Sunday about the year 33 AD, and both the Gospel of St, Matthew and the Acts of the apostles were written before the year 70 Mr Heathcote, however, has his own views concerning the historicity of the Gospels Let us examine them

"EXPLAINING AWAY" THE GOSPELS

''What is true of the Church is true also of the Gospels"' What Mr Heathcote says of the Gospels is as true as what he says of the Church How true that is should be clear from what has been said previously "Just as it became necessary to organise scattered movements into one Church, so it became necessary to have documentary records of the sayings and doings of the Nazarene, who had now become a Saviour God."

WHEN WERE THE GOSPELS WRITTEN?

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PHILIP GILES, Manager

Mr Heathcote's romancing about Our Lord's becoming a Saviour God" has already been assessed at its true worth, and need not be examined again. What he says about the origin of the Gospels is equally valueless for his argument is based on the fiction that the Apostles up to the year TO expected the immediate return of Our Lord When he speaks of documentary records" he does not mean genuine, historical documents but forgeries and myths calculated to deceive the people nvone who will take the trouble to read the Gospels will immediately perceive that their authors were men of transparent honesty to whom all lying and deception were abhorrent, These men faced torture and death for the truth of what they wrote, and men will not do that for what they know to be a lie especially a lie that would be exposed with ease

The Gospels were written between 70 A.D and 120 A.D" That is not true The Gospels of SS Matthew, Mark and Luke were written before 70 AD, and the Gospel of St John before 100 AD st Irenaeus, who was the disciple of Poly carp (the disciple of St, John the Apostle), and who became Bishop of Lyons in Prance about the year 177 AD and thus knew the Church both in the East and the West, was perhaps better qualified to speak that Mr Heathcote the more so because he had "no axe to grind" Now St Irenaeus wrote: Matthew produced a written Gospel among the Hebrews and in their own tongue, when Peter and Paul were preaching the Gospel at Rome and founding the Church. But after their death Mark, the disciple and interpreter ot Peter, put into writing Peter's teaching, and transmitted it to us; and Luke, the companion of Paul, wrote down in a book the Gospel preached by the latter And later John, the disciple of the Lord, he who had reposed upon His breast also wrote the Gospel while he was dwelling at Ephesus n Asia." (Adv Haer., III s I,i) The testimony of St Irenaeus is not isolated It is amply confirmed by the converging testimony of St Clement of Rome, Ignatius of Antioch, both of the Ist, Century; by Papias of Hierapolis, a disciple of St John, and by Justin the Martyr, both of the early 2nd. Century; by the heretics of the Ist and 2nd Centuriesthe Ebionites, the Marcionites, the Gnostics, etc by Tatian, who wrote a "Harmony of the Four Gospels' in the 2nd Century; and by numerous others If Mr Heathcote knows anything of historical method and research he will recognise the cogency of this argument from historical testimony Now St. Peter and St Paul were martyred in Rome under the Emperor Nero about the year 64 A D Since, according to historical evidence, as distinet from Mr Heathcote's "historical" imagination, St Matthew's Gospel was written while they were preaching in Rome, it must have been written before that date, namely before 64 AD Since the Gospels of SS Matthew, Mark and Luke all speak of the destruction of Jerusalem as an event to come, and describe in detail events and ustom in Palestine at th time of Christ, they must have been written before 70 AD Finally, since according to reliable historical testimony the Fourth Gospel was written by St, John the Apostle who died about the beginning of the 2nd. Century, it must have been written before that date

t # it

Thursday, May 30, 1940 IGNORANCE OR?

"The Gospels reflect the thought and conditions and beliefs in the Greek world between 70 and 120 A.D not the thought and conditions in Palestine in the year 30 AD."

Either Mr Heathcote has read the Gospels, or he has not If he has not read them, he is incompetent to discuss the subject If he has read them, then there is only one conclusion, and it is not a pleasant one for Mr Heathcote. Anyone who will take the trouble to pick up the Gospels and read them will see immediately that they set out to give the actual life of Christ, to record His sayings and doings They describe events in detail, giving names and paces and portraying the social and political and religious customs of the times in Palestine itself during the life time of Our Lord Their descriptions are as accurate as they are detailed, a fact which is established oy contemporary testimony and by modern historical and archaeological research Mr Heathcote set out to prove that 'the historic Nazarene" did not found a Church. To do this he juggles with historical documents both as to their date of origin, authorship and content in order to suit the demands of a preconceived theorv which has no foundation in history or reason; he distorts the obvious meaning of the Gospel texts to suit his purpose; serves up discredited rationalist and modernist theories as the last word in scholarshipand naively calls it "proof" From the scientific and historical point of view, his pamphlet is utterly worthless, even if it be honest It is a farrago of unhistorical nonsense, the whole shot through with a spirit anti-Christian and sectarian animositv With other publications of the same kind, it can be procured from the Communistic bookshops and the Left Book Club (I have given considerable time to Mr Hethcote's Pamphlet, not because of anv intrinsic worth, but because it provides a convenient resume of discredited theories which are very common to-dav in circles which know little or nothing of Christianity and the history of Christianity)

Thursday, May 30, 1940

PACIFISM AND

AMOSG the philosophies of war, there are two errors which are opposed as extremes: Militarism and Pacifism The first, Militarism, glorifies war as a necessary adjunct ot human life; the second, Pacifism, condemns all war as intrinsically evil

The error of Militarism is easily detected Human reason and every nstinet of the human heart shrink from its dogma that "might makes right''

The error of Pacifism, on the other hand, is more deceptive For Pacifism covers itself with the cloak of religion It claims to be the very essence of Christianity It professes to be based on the words of Christ contained in Holy Scripture

According to the pacifist the summary of Christ's teaching is the Sermon on the Mount which enjoins: love of enemies, submission to injury, abandonment of rights Christ exhorts to turn the other cheek" to do good to those that hate you" He pronounces a benediction on the meek-on those who suffer persecution War, on the other hand, is insistence on rights, exaction of reparation, resentment of illtreatment War, therefore, holds the pacifist, is absolutely opposed to the principles of Christ and can never be permitted

This, according to the teaching of Ca tholic tradition, is a misinterpretation of Scripture The Sermon on the Mount does not brand war as always evil The answer to the apparent contradiction between these words of Christ and the admission of the per· missibility of war is to be found in the distinction that Christ's teaching is concerned directly with individuals, and only indirect! with States And to individuals i proposed, for their voluntary acceptance, a more perfect way of life over and above what is necessary for salv tion, a choice which is not offered to Stat

Thi d not mean that there is a doubl moral code. States and individual a bound b th same moral law of G But that moral law has various pre ·pts, and the incidence of tho: pr· 'p is different in the case f individual: and of States They h. different natures and destinies,

The individual i immortal-his destany is eternl. Consequently, he mey sacrifice temporal good-a right in the temporal rder in view of eternal bliss Such scrifice mav even be demanded as in the case of the martyrs

But the State has no such eternal destiny, It must secure its well being here on earth. It exists, moreover, not for it: own sake, but for the sake of its membrs Its main purpose is the protection f human right: and it cannot arbitrarily lay aside this trust It is bound by th law of God itself which brin th State into existence to I bour the interest: of its members. There is no room in the scheme of things for a martyr State yielding to a violation of the rights of its citizens without n attmpt at self-defence It wuld be wrong, therefore, for the State to turn the other cheek"to condone injuries done to its subjects by an unjust aggressor

War, therefore, may be legitimate, Catholic tradition teaches; it may even be the duty of the State, for it may be the only means of protecting the moral order of justice

But this admission of the permissibility ot war does not imply that the Church looks on war as a normal condition of international relations The Church desires and works for peace no less sincerely than the pacifist But peace is not merely absence of conflict; it is not merely tranquillity; it is the tranquillity of order-of the order required by justice and charity

War, in the eves of the Church, is a scourge; it is likened in the prayers of the Church to pestilence and famine; it is an evil which can onlv be reluctantly admitted as a necessary evil when all other resistance to grave moral injustice has failed And the sad reluctance with which Catholic tradition admits the permissibility of war is nowhere better manifested than in the stringent conditions it lays down for a just war

The conditions of a just war are conditions which pertain to:

(1) The cause of warits inception

(2) The conduct of war1ts prosecution.

(3) The settlement of war

First, as to the cause of war: IA war to be a just war must have as its motive the defence or vindication of a right unjustly attacked or violated

Every just war is in this sense a defensive war It must be a defence of the moral order of justice But merely the violation of a national right does not immediately give the right to take up arms The right violated must fulfl certain other conditions

1) It must be a certain right; the lawfulness of the claim of the offended country must not be doubtful

t2) It must be a right of national importance because in the means taken to defend it the national life is risked

There must be a proportion in other words, between the evil and damage that necessarily accompany war and the good to be attained through war as a means War can only be undertaken that good may be promoted and evil avoided, Therefore, if the prosecution of the war entails a greater evil than that which it seeks to correct such a war ceases to be the lesser evil; it cannot be pursued that good may be promoted

Especially now is the condition hard to fulfil The weapons of war are today so much more destructive than in the days of old, the damage inflicted is so much more ndiscriminate that it s always to be feared that greater injury will be done through the use of war than the injury which it seeks to repair

Besides the disproportion which arises from the use of modern armaments there is another source of disproportion to-day: the close connection and the intertwining of the interests of all the States of the world

Inventions of science, means of communication have brought the nations of the world into conditions of closest interdependence War to-day is not limited by natural geographic boundaries; its effects are felt wherever these arteries of our civilisation extend, War in Europe has its effects, economic and political, here across the ocean in our own country; it causes suffering and disturbance not only in the war-torn areas but in all parts of the world

The cause indeed must be great; it must be the cause of civilisation itself which will be proportionate to such evil

Granted that these conditions are fulfilled, war is not yet justified except a the last means of the vindication of such a right Every means of a peaceful, diplomatic settlement of the dispute must have been tried and have ailed before recourse to brute force is egitimate Men are rational animals, not brutes; force is only the last rert. Though the cause may be just a: outlined), if the offended party does not first take every possible humun means to settle peaceably, that country is not just in its fighting

As regards the conduct or prosecution the war the means used in waging war conform to moral standards or the war even though it were just in its inception and cause, ceases to be just The end or cause no matter how good, never justifies an immoral means

These conditions of the conduct of war covwr the whole range of human actions involved in the war Of these we select but one: war which involves he direct killing of non-combatants becomes immoral and prohibited In time of war the commandment 'Thou shalt not kill" still prevails

Taking the lives of the innocent is prohibited at all times and in all circumstances The natural law grants to individuals and to States the right to resist the attack of an unjust aggressor with physical force This force, moreover, may go to the length of taking the life of the unjust aggressor, but nlv under the condition that this extreme be the only means of repelling the actual unjust attack In a just war, the active army of the enemy is an unjust aggressor against whom such force can be used, but only to tie extent indicated

Therefore, even in the case of men in the field of bttle, taking of life is only justified when it is the only means of repelling attack Consequently if the enemy can be forced to yield without the taking of his life, the plea of defence against an unjust aggressor will not justify killing Consequently, too, the principle of "no quarter" on the field of battle is an immoral principle; the killing of men wn have been wounded and are helpless is murder; the killing or inhuman treatment of prisoners of war is unjustifiable and sinful And the nation which admits these practices is morally wrong in its conduct of war and its war becomes unjust

Now if this be true of men on the field of battle, evidently the bombing of civilian populations in open cities and towns, the killing of non-combatants bv direct intention, must be condemned absolutely It is urged that to-dav it is difficult to draw the line between combatants and non-combatants; that to-day it is not merely armies which fight in war, but whole nations as closely knit economic units It is true that in some cases the distinction is drawn with difficulty but

even to-day there are those who by no stretch of the imagination can be classed among the aggressors; they are innocent

Yet there is a theory of war to-day which holds that victory is to be sought by the indiscriminate bombing cf such innocents The theory aims at a quick victory by destroying the morale of a nation The people are to be brought to their knees in fear of sudden death from the skies and in their fear they will bring pressure on their own Government to sue for an early peace, A nation which pursues such a policy stands condemned in its prosecution of war Such a policy is nothing else than mass murder But suppose that the enemy has first adopted the tactics of bombing the non-combatant population, may a nation adopt similar tactics by way of retaliation? To adopt this policy even as a method of reprisal is morally wrong. Two wrongs never make a right, The killing of the innocent by direct intention, such as is the purpose of indiscriminate bombing, is prohibited by the natural law of God; and no reason, neither utility, nor expediency, nor desire of a quick war, nor the plea that only by using this means can the enemy be made to stop using the same means, can allow the violation of the natural law

Finally, there are those conditions most difficult of fulfilment, which govern the settlement of the war once victory has been won Since the only just object of war s the restoration of peace and since peace is the fruit of justice and charity the settlement of war too must grow from these seeds

The extermination of the conquered people, whether it be the physical extermination that was the practice of barbarous tribes, or whether it be the more civilised extermination of our own days consisting n the economic crushing of the deefated nation finds no justification according to the canons of either charity or justice Revenge is no part of Christian morality, nor is it the basis of stable peace

Restitution for damages inflicted in the course of the struggle may be demanded by the victor in a just war, as may the restoration of that right whose violation by the aggressor precipitated the war But victory gives no further claim to territorial conquest Might does not make right, and victory in war gives no further right of conquest than the restoration of the order of justice

Had the victorious nations of the last world war heeded the words of Pope Benedict XV, written to the leaders of the belligerent peoples in 1917

there might to day be no roaring of the engines of war in Europe At that time, as an impartial judge and universal father, he laid down the conditions of a just and lasting peace "First of all," he wrote, 'the fundamental point must be that the moral force of Right shall be substituted for the material force of Arms; thence must follow a just agreement of all the simultaneous and reciprocal diminution of armaments next, as a substitution for armies, the institution of arbitration, with its high peace-making function Once the supremacy of Right is thus established let all obstacles to the free intercourse of people be swept aside As to the damage to be made good and the cost of war, we see no other way of olving the question but to lay down as a general principle an entire and reciprocal condonation But these peaceful agreements, with the immense advantages which flow from them are not possible without reciprocal restitution of territories at the moment occupied" In such a programme all bitterness and hatred is excluded; it is the programme of justice tempered by warm charity; it is the Christian programme of peace William F Drummond, S J., n The Pilot"

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PEAK SOAP

JOSEPH O'DEA Principal

I Soviet Propaganda in Poland Systematic Long Term Plan

Moscow-Atheistic organisations on a systematic basis in the Soviet portion of Poland while the persecution of the Catholic Church by bayonet and bullet is soft-pedalled so as to counteract charges by the enemies of the Soviet Government, paticularly churchmen and that hostile agent the Vatican' these are the conclusions to be drawn from an article by Emilian Jaroslavsky, head of the Association of Militant Atheists, published on the front page of "Bezbosnik."

The specific purpose of the article is to explain why cells of the Godless are not being organised in the newly-acquired territory

According to Jaroslavsky, before the country was taken over by the USSR, Catholic organisations the various monastic Orders, the Jewish rabbis, the saints,' etc," were in control; and the nfluence of the clergy over the masses is undoubtedly greater than in all the rest of the provinces of the USSR

If the Godless are not establishing cells for the moment, Jaroslavsky says, this does not mean that we are refusing to combat the reactionary influence of religion, religious prejudices, and the reactionary activity of the clergy; but because we think that the fundamental procedure should be systematic and planned; it must be a great political soaring for which there is no need to organise atheist cells.''

"The most important thing for the moment,'' Jaraslavsky emphasises, is to destroy in the minds of the masses what they have been taught about the US S R nformation spread by the enemies of the SovietGovernment and particularly by churchmen, Even now these obscurants continue to persuade the people that the Soviet Gov

ernment will close all the churches, pro hibit prayer, and persecute religion

This 1s occupying that hostile agent the Vatican We must show up all the malice, all the infamy of the imagination of these reactionaries and obscurants

'This is why we must organise conferences for the workers on freedom of conscience in the USSR; stress the Soviet code on separation of Church and State, of the school and the Church; organise meetings with such slogans as 'Science and Religion,' 'Re ligion and Communism' We must demolish the reactionary role of the Church which, for centuries, has kept the masses in ignorance and deprived of their rights This must be the principal aim of anti-religious propaganda in the West Ukraine and White Russia"

In outlining the plan for atheistic propaganda in this "vast and immense ti f ation oened up by the Soviet occupation of Poland, Jaroslavsky counsels a special bid for the service of youth and the intelligentsia of Po land, and the "popularisation of eighteenth and nineteenth century atheist ideals" with heavy emphasis on "the natural-scientific plan," the "Marxist Leninist conception of the world," and the incompatibility of science and religion The plan he says, preupposes the utilisation of anti-religious literature published in the U SSR ," as well as the press of the occupied provinces and the radio Jar« slavsky denie reports in the foreign nd Capitalist pres., "notably in the Catholic Pres " of atheistic propaganda and anti-religious activities in Poland Such stori rs f! low the policy of ' the infamous Jesuits who think that the end justifies any means" as

"I

Sterilization Laws Not So Widespread Supposed

VATICAN BROADCAST

Legislation permitting or prescribing sterilisation is not so widespread as is commonly supposed, a speaker at the Vatican City Radio Station declared in an address specially broadcast to the United States by shortwave

"The most comprehensive law thus far promulgated came into operation in Germany on January 1, 1934, less than a vear after the advent of National Socialism to power" the speaker said "It is decreed that any one who is suffering from a hereditary disease may be sterilised by means of a surgical operation, if it may be expected with some certainty according to the experience of medical science, that his posterity will suffer serious physical or mental hereditary disease

Among the hereditary diseases which are within the competence of medical science to prevent we find enumerated the real physical deformities and severe alcoholicism The person to be sterilised might himself apply for sterilisation If he is unfit to act, his lawyer might apply Doctors, hospitals and sanatoria are accorded the same right A court for the prevention of hereditary disease has been set up for the administration of this law throughout Germany It is not difficult to see what a terribly convenient instrument such legislation could apply to a State where medical science itself is entirely dedicated to political and national ideals

"In Germany the law has already been extensively used and according to reports, has every effect of discouraging the doctors from making a diagnosis which would bring the patient within this drastic provision, and of preventing the patients from seeking institutional treatment, which may be essential for their recovery

"In the United States of America 27 States now have compulsory sterilisation laws on their statute books Three States once had such laws but never performed any operations under them In one other State the law has not yet been enforced, The persons to whom the United States sterilisation laws apply are chiefly the insane and mental defectives but in many States epileptics, habitual criminals and moral degenerates are also included To date some 20,000 operations have been performed in all States The States which have used the law extensively are: California, Kansas, Michigan, Virginia and Oregon"

Shall Destroy Christianity in Germany"

Amsterdam

'I shall destoy Chritianity in Ger many," Adolf Hitler told Dr Hermann Rauschning, former President of the Danzig Senate, the latter now an exile in London declares Dr Rauschning ha: told of this conversation with the Nazi leader hortly after the latter's advent to power in Germany, in a book just off the press in Paris and London Its title is "Hitler Told Me." The conversation is quoted fully in the seventh chapter of the book, which is headed "Anti-Christ'' Dr Rauschning quotes Hitler as follows: The religions? None of them b any future At least not for the Germans., Fasism may make its peace with the Church, if it wnts to I will do the same. Why shouldn't I? It won't prevent me from destroying Christin.nit in Germany The Italians naive peple, can be pagans and Christians at the same time. But the Germans are different They take things seriously They ire either Christians or pagans not both "God of Their Destiny"

"It all depends on whether the Germans remain true to the Jewish-Christian religion and to a lavish morale of compassion or whether they will acquire a new faith which is truly heroic, a faith in a God Who is immanent in nature immanent in the very nation, in a God of their destiny and their blood,

"Easter will then no longer be Resurrection but the eternal regeneration of our nation Christmas will be the birth of our saviour, that is of the spirit of heroism and liberation , Then the liberal servants of religion will teach our god in their church and substitute the crooked cross for their own cross, and instead of praising the blood of their Saviour they will praise the pure blood of our people and will make of the Host the holy symbol of the produce of the German soil and of the brotherhood of our nation"

Discussing the methods he then had in mind to destroy the Church, Hitler is reported as saying that he was not going "to make martyrs" of the priests and ministers, as was done during Bis marck's "Kulurkampt "

"I will be satisfied to denounce them as vulgar criminals,'' he is quoted as saying "I will tear the mask of re; spectability off their faces And if that is not sufficient, I will make them appear ridiculous and despicable I shall produce motion pictures to tell the true story of the black men (priests). Then one may view at close range the stupidity, the dirty egoism the brutality and the frauds of their church One will then see how they smuggled money out of the country and how they rivalled the Jews mn greed."

Thursday, May 30, 1940

GLIMPSE

Vestralian

Girl in the East Indies

"When Singapore was known as a fishing village, and Penang only as an anchorage where fresh water and oysters could be found Malacca was already a name famous in history and legend."

THESE were the words of the Bishop of Singapore when I mentioned my desire to visit Malacca- burning desire which first started in my school days at St Joseph's Convent, Fremantle, when my much beloved teacher, Sister M Rephael, stirred my childish imagination with tales of St Francis Xavier and of bi resting place in St Paul's Church M acca

Little then did I realise that, eve after the long space of fourteen year would I be privileged to stand besid his tomb and looks out from the high point of St Paul's Church across the Straits of Malacca

My opportunity arose when I was granted four days' leave from my College, and not even the the e hundred and sixty miles ;h this tropical humidity wo The drive itself was comfort from the heat, Malacca are well kno cellent id w that th acca leads across Straits of hore, ti nut plantati pineappl through m and mi ·e planted strict f h little villa tucked aw ugh padi fields past unfamili more interesting be tin of peoples of eve their customs

Be the hundred mile at was the shor' n Here our car woden ferry and were ferried aero: ·ver space the car filled by little Mal 'vantage of a free village These Mal. tful children. The of "Tabek Mer by sparkling bro teeth

T' greeted us at Muar, a busier place, where three or four f ply their trade We were told that nly twenty miles divided m Malcca and the car sped on

A setr?

n and a growing dusk was ga ng over Mlacc as our car drew p at the guest house, And the sunse' In the west the sky was alight wr· ten glow The wws a f vining through a ban of gath The a aflame, ugh the m« ' the Chir and the I koleks ( ng boats) their w home to a trewn where the tinv forevwr the roots of th nut tr» rich grow right the water' edge

A ferrv boat run: i the river, landing it gers and g ds, whilt place. Their coloured

OF e7MALACCA

fect harmony, and the light of the setting sun adds to the warmth of their colouring.

Children bring cattle to the river's edge A small boy slips off the withers of a water buffalo (the ugliest of creatures), which wades into the river and wallows in it And the language from that same little boy as he swims around trying to induce the beast to go ashore! An old Malay man looks on, nodding He may tell you how Allah made the world, the beasts, the birds, and saw that it was good. Then the devil came and tried his hand-and made the water buffalo!

Nestling in the shadow of the tall palms, which with the rising of the moon are merged into a jagged silhouette, are the kampongslittle Malay homes typically native single toried attap thatched half hidden by banana bushes and hibiscus trees

And if one is fortunate enough, as we were, to be here on the night of the full moon one hears the muffled but accentuated rhythm of drums and gongs, raised in homage to the moon

The strident voice of an old Chinese man shuffling along with his makan (food) cart suspended across his shoulders woke me to my first morning in Malacca, and the thought of our short stay made us hurry over ur breakfast seize our cameras and hurry to the Christian Brothers' College where, as visitors, we received very courteous help and information

Two Brothers, Brother Paul and Bro. ther Anthony when they realiserl how easer I was for inf tion about the old ruins of Mala and esp:cially a

• 1 MARY CROGAN_J

sight of the grave of St Francis Xavier spared no effort, and with their valuable help we came straight to our goal On the main road one sees the old Fort Gate.

It faces the Malacca Club ni s not Portuguese but Dutch Inside here part of the cement floor is b: ken It was here the Brothers t ' us, that efforts had been made a n time ago to prove the truth of the legend that an vrderground tunnel ran om here to St, Johns Fort Rather t efforts, fr the three workmen wnt down dd not return And as the n t two kmen who were sent to investig te Is« did not return, any further efforts ceased

Well organised plans are being made b the Historical Society for further iefnite efforts in this project the outme of which may prove of great histori value In fact all Malacca is steeped in history I, like all other visitors to Malacca, must be excused if my interest in archeology was monopolised by the Portuguese and Dutch relics in the town itself I found out afterwards that it was a mistake to think that nothing of historical or arheological interest existed anywhere else in the Settlement

St John's Fcrt stands to the east of Malacca on a small hill Note the Chinese grave in the foreground.

A tour of the Northern District was very interesting for this district with its headquarters at Alor Gajah, was the scene of the Naning War The grave of Dol Syed, the leader of the Naning forces may be seen near the roadside near the old Mosque between 5impang Ampat and Kendong and the graves of five British officer lie in a railed enclosure near the d'strict office Alor Gajah the only inscription bearing the date 1832.

But my pen is wandering I must come back to the old Fort Gate where Brother Paul, in his soft, delightful Irish brogue, was telling me that he and Brother Anthony would take a short cut up the side of the hill nd meet our car at St, Paul's Church, And with mv childhood ambitions soon to be realised we drove the last quarter of a mile to the resting place of St Francis Xavier

The old church was bathed in sunshine Just a faint breeze came from the sea to stir the shrubs and small trees growing in and around the ruins

The Church of St Paul is the oldest Church and the oldest European building in this part of the world, having been erected by d'Albuquerque in 1511, ten years before the discovery of the Philippine Islands by Magellan He built it the year of his conquest of the city, on the site occupied by the wooden palace of the Malay Sultans of Malacca, and dedicated by him to Nossa Senhora da Annunciada (Our Ladv of the Annunciation) It is also known as Nassa Senhora da Monte (Our Lady of Monte)

XAVIER

When St. Francis Xavier came to Malacca he realised such a town needed a big school; and, on his first return to Goa he applied for the land on the top of the hill for a school ground In 1548 or 1549 the Church was given to St, Francis Xavier, and the society built on the present site of the adjunct a British Residency, This College was called St Paul's after its namesake in Goa, and gave its name to the hill and later to the Church In 1506 the Jesuits restored and enlarged the Church and added a new vestry and chancel

In 1553 St Francis Xavier the apostle of the East died at San Cian St John's Island on his way to China

On March 20, 1553, his body was brought back to the Sanctuary of St Paul's Church and was buried It remained there until August 15 when it was exhumed and found to have remained fresh and incorrupt It was placed in a magnificent coffin till it was sent to Goa in December of the same year This opportunity arose with the arrival from Japan of a Jesuit Brother Peter de «Alcacova going to Goa to secure new missionaries for the already flourishing missions of Japan

He as beatified in 1619 and canonised on March 12, 1622, with St Ignatius of Loyola.

A relic of the saint, a small piece of skin, cut from the sole of the foot in 1922that foot which trod the soil of Malacca-when the body was exposed in Goa, has been graciously offered to the Church of St Francis Xavier, Malacca, by His Grace the Patriarch Archbishop of Goa

The Dutch, after the conquest of Malacca in 1641 used the Church of St Paul for their religious services until they completed their own Church, the present Christ Church, in about 1750 subsequently the Dutch used the Church itself as an early burying ground for their notables, and did not hesitate to disturb the early Portuguese illustrious dead and in some cases made use of the original Portuguese stones for their own inscriptions

The vestrv and chancel were then altered, and the old Church became part of the fortress The main door and the two windows of the facade, as well as the doors and all the windows o thes room adjoining the chancel were closed The tower was demolished A wide pillar wes erected in the middle of the room adjoining the chancel were and the floor was raised high enough to cover the arch supporting the pillar A cannon was placed in the room faeing the sea and another in the chancel facing the Fort of St John Prom what nformation I could gather from our guide, it was the Dutch who removed the roof over the nave which became a graveyard with monuments scattered about Thus the last surviving Catholic Church of Malacca lost the appearance of a Church

At the beginning of the British occupation of Malacca the Church was used for a short time as a powder magazine, and afterwards for a century it remained as the "Ruins," gazed at by every passing traveller

In December 1922, on the occasion of the third centenary of the canonisation of St Francis Xavier, when thousands of pilgrims were visiting Goa to venerate the exposed body of the Saint, the Resident Councillor of Malacca kindly granted the Catholics per-

Malacca during the Portuguese and Dutch occupations,

On December 11, 1553, the body of St Francis Xavier was afloat on the sea It was carried to the ship on a decorated sampan, All Malacca escorted the Santo Padri bidding an eternal farewell to the apostle, to whom, during his life, they had scarcely listened

EIGHT

mission to hold a religious service in the Church of St Paul; so for the first time since 1641 the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass was offered in that old shrine of Our Lady of the Annunciation

In 1924 permision was obtained from the Government by Father Francois to remove the earth brought by the Dutch into the chancel and the adjoining room to make a platform for their cannons The doors of the room were opened and the earth removed, disclosing the vault in the chancel In the room, at the base of the big pillar was found the arch supporting itthe same arch that the Dutch had covered to bring in their

THE RECORD

which he prayed, said Mass, and was I temporarily buried It was with deep regret we finally turned the car towards Singapore But our guide would not hear of us leaving before we visited St John's Fort.

England's

Need of Spiritual Values

A RELIGIOUS PEOPLE WITHOUT A RELIGION

London

[n 1930 Major C E Bone, Superintendent of Surveys Malacca being President of the newly-formed Malacca Historical Society, supervised excavations done in the Church Later the funeral monuments in the nave were removed; the tombstones were placed along and fixed to the walls Trenches were opened along the walls of the chancel and of the room and holes were dug, but as yet no underground passage or room has been discovered

The Church is now well cared for by the Malacca Historical Society To the visitor and to the pilgrim it is no more a neglected ruin, but the historic remains of an old Portuguese Church and a holy shrine where one can pray to St, Francis Xavier on the very spot on

Telephone B4757.

MARTIN P. RYAN

CM W A.O A )

Optometrist and cannons.

Optician

Son of Late M P Ryan late of

Premantle

ORIENT LINE BUILDINGS

WILLIAM STREET PERTH

Our little guide, by the way, was delightful He was a Portuguese, he told us and a direct descendant of a few poor but valiant Portuguese and Portuguese-Creles who remained in Malacca after the Dutch conquest in I641 From perpetual contact with tourists he knew everything off like a parrot, and when I, in my eagerness for information, dared to disturb his flow of eloquence, he would stop, roll his black eyes reproachfully then start all over again

We did not need much persuasion to climb the steep hill to the Fort It stood clear cut against the skyline its old walls blcak and broken with age The date of this building is uncertain It stands to the east of Malacca on a hill, called St John's Hill, after a private chapel built by a Portuguese in his orchard Once a year, on the Patronal Feast of St John Baptist, there used to be a great flow of people to Mass The Portuguese of Malacca still keep the custom of lighting candles in front of their houses on the eve of St, John Baptist

The Achinese, when they attacked Malacca in 1628, destroyed the chapel and used the hill as a base for their subsequent successful attack on Bukit China

A fine view is obtainable from all sides of the Fort Inside, one may easily trace the various gun emplacements and casements

The time came when we had to really tear ourselves away I looked back once and saw our guide standing on one of the emplacements, his brown face upturned to the sun and looking out to a sea blue and crystalline under a sky corrugated with wisps of cloud

I shall never forget that day The whole world seemed drenched in calm Down on the beach the fishermen Chinese, Malay and Portuguese were mending their nets. One could understand why this last of the day lies closest to these people's hearts $'VORHOAIHIITIIC

The following comments were made in the course of an interview, by the well-known Jesuit preacher, Father Francis Woodlock, M C , whose death occurred recently, and who had been stationed at the Jesuit Church at Farm Street, London During the 1914-1918 war he served as a chaplain with the British forces In recent years he had acquired a considerable reputation as a radio broadcast preacher

"I am rather pessimistic of the future of England unless some radical change takes place in the attitude of the vast majority of the people towards the Christian Faith," said Father Woodlock

The British nation has been described recently as a 'religious people without a religion' The best to be said of it is that many who keep aloof from the Churches are found to manifest what has been called a 'wistful agnosticism,''' continued Father Woodlock "If only wistfulness involved a certain amount of wishfulness' it would be a symptom on which some hope of a recovery could be based.

But we must face thefact that the greater number by far of the people of England to-day have no interest in the subject of religion It does not enter in any way into their daily lives; and a generation has grown up of which multitudes are in complete ignorance of the fundamental doctrines of Christianity, and which has never had any vital link with any one of the many Christian denominations n the country

When a short while ago I was reported as sayingthat multitudes of British children, educated in the council schools, were ignorant of what happened at Bethlehem and Calvary, and that Christ was less ofa reality to them than Micky Mouse' or 'Donald Duck,' I was not exaggerative or merely indulging in a bit of sensational journalistic jargon I was stating baldly what is an undeniable fact "

Education at Fault

meaning of the articles of the Apostles' Creed, the children would win the competition easilv and would depart shocked at the gnorance of their elders

Christ Unknown

"The moral chaos of recent years, to which many writers point, is a natural result of the toss of religious faith," stated Father Woodlock "The word sin' is meaningless to those who have lost all real belief in God and in the authority of His Ten Commandments The result s an atrophy of conscience in the traditional sense of the word: people are amoral' rather than 'immoral,' for they have rationalised wrong-doing in getting rid of the idea of sin

"Yet the British character at its best still possesses and manifests many Christian values, values which came into this pagan world through Christ and transformed its ideals The ideals that we are fighting for to-day are Christian, though to many who will fight bravely for these ideals, the living Personality of Christ is practically unknown"

Father Woodlock fears thatthe indifference of the parents of so many of the children \\ould render it difficult, perhaps impossible, to stimulate a national demand for the radical reform needed if the children of the nation are to be given a real chance of knowing and loving Christ Yet this should be the most precious element in the national education of a people, that still likes to call itself Christian

t wet, why shouldn't he? Happywear Tes are in a range

I of the smartest and most distinctive patterns you've yet I I seen. And don t let I.he price fool you, they're really

Seeking the causes of this indifference to religion and ignorance of the elements of the Christian Faith, Father Woodlock blames the neglect of religious teaching in Government-provided schools, a neglect which dates back over a long period "'Undenominational' religious teaching has failed to secure even the knowledge of the Gospel account of the life of Christ for the children,'' continued Father Woodlock " 'No tests for teachers,' the slogan which,along with the bigotry which refused to put 'Rome on the rates,' triumphs in Parliament, and the result has been a ghastly failure such as was never foreseen or intended by those who were so insistent in their opposition to definite doctrinal teaching

"The Catholics of Britain have, at the cost of immense sacrifices made by the poor, kept their schools and the result is that to Catholic children to-day Christ's life and teaching are well known and He is a living personality Who matters much to them "I would be prepared to wager,'' Father Woodlock declared, "that if a competition could be sprung without warning by the BBC between a dozen twelve-year-old Catholic school children and a dozen average council school teachers on the lines of the BBC spelling bees, the subject being the life of Christ and the

THE POPE THANKS THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT FOR AID TO MISSIONS.

The Holy Father has received with satisfaction news of the British Government's attitude towards foreign missions during the war,

The Government's policy is to encourage missionary effort in the Colonies and in India, and approved missionaries of German nationality have been given facilities to contnue their work

When the Holy Father was told of this policy he expressed his gratitude to the British Government in a letter written by Cardinal Maglione Secretary of State, to Britain's Minister to the Holy See

The Holy Father has been assured that the British Government was greatly impressed with the necessity of maintaining, on purely practical grounds, the normal work of mission ary bodies of all denominations, on account of the cultural relations thev can establish, and of the influence they are able to exercise over the native populations.

Missionaries of neutral nationality work in Uganda, Kenya, British India, Sarawak British North Borneo the Cameroons and the Sudan, and the permits granted to them in peace time have been continued in war time

The Government has given special consideration to German missionaries and German missionary property, and every effort has been made to secure that the religious work shall be carried on with as little dislocation as possible. As has been previously reported, a number of German missionaries in India were interned at the outbreak of war, but after inquiring into each case, the Government of India soon afterwards enabled the missionaries to resume their work

Thursday, May 30, 1940

" Ghe

Spiritual

.THIS tinr book has been more extolled and decried, maybe, than most: some have actually claimed that it has influenced more minds than any other uninspired books save the "Imitation" and St. Augustines "Confessions"' Yet St Ignatius of Lovola, its author, did not intend it for general reading at all: it was witten for the guidance of the person who was helping someone else to make" th Exercises, for the Saint means by spiritual exercises" any method' of praying; any method" of getting the soul into good dispositions, anything, in short that could exercise the soul as running, walking and so forth do the body (Annotation 1)

Ignatius did not even want the Ex ercitant, as we can conveniently call him, to look ahead or know what was coming, but to concentrate wholly on the ideas presented to him at the moment (Annotation ID): this implies that Ignatius did not at first contemplate the Exercises being made more than once, maybe, in a lifetime, when some specially momentous choice had to be made; later on, it is now known, he did admit the making of the Exercises more often though this really injured their balance, and removed the centre of gravity from the 'Election'' at first all-important You are unlikely to need to make some life-changing choice very often; and, if you "make a retreat' annually, and use Ignatius's method, you ar ble t know all too well what is coming

What we have said shos, at any rate, that this book is definitely not to be judged by cne who merely reads it You have to "make" its "exercises"

The lat Pontfi set gr· t tor· by closed retr· t." he wi.hod ial houses to be built for them and hat retreats should be made possible for those who had but little money or leisure and as sured th present writer (to whom he pk·: thre times about retreats) tht a :kcnd, if no more time could be given, wa: to be regarded as a real rtreat. And he certainly liked the Igna.ian method to be used, since he wrote a whole panegyric of the Saint and proclaimed him "hevenly patron of all Spiritual Exercises,' and followe« this up b the dee ive document "Mens No:tra."

By a 'retreat'' we mean a voluntary retirement into solitude or at least into silence, if th rtrs t i: made by a group): a rule, an experienced priest sets certain idea before the Exereitant and his talk; fall normally into four sets or w during the first, fundamental topic ar considered-the soul, God, sin, eternity: Ignatius wishes a man to experience shame and sorrow at the sight of his spiritual disorders, and to prepare and make a full confesion. The second week immediately profits by this, for, St Ignatius characteristically thinks a man who has been thus confronted by his disorderly or selfish past and now turns his mind to Christ and His great challengeHis call to all to join Him in the Christianising of the world-will at once offer himself "the whole of himselfto work;" he will wish to be "distinguished'' in that crusade; he will even want to suffer in and for it, lest he be too unlike his Captain, the details of Whose life on earth he now proceeds to study

The famous meditation on "The Two Standards" Christ's and Satan's, and other meditations concerned on the whole with the strengthening of the will for the accepting of a more difficult vocation, should God so choose to call and even for a preference for hardships endured for the sake of Christ, lead up at last to the third week, devoted to the Passion: and the fourth to the mysteries of Our Lord's Risen Life and ends with a sort of "pendant" to the first and fundamental consideration, only directed towards fostering and even feeling a deep love for God in Whom are all things, as in their source, and from Whom thev all descend '

The book ends with some "rules'' for assessing one's "states of mind," moods," as we might sayspiritually high or low spirits, or again, "scruples;" and others about distributing one's property in alms (money and the dangers of seeking or keeping it by means of ecclesiastical positions, constantly preoccupied St Ignatius: t is notorious that he refused to allow his "Companions" to accept "dignities' or, so far as possible, any remuneration for their services): and finally he adds some points on "thinkng with the Church"

The Exercitant is asked to reflect "Pon what he has heard during the gvng of points,'' using his memory,

Exercises"

By C C MARTINDALE, S J

his reasoning faculty and his will (for the exercise of which he is expected to find some material), and he ends his "meditation" by a colloquy,'' ie he speaks to God about it.

The Book of Exorcises always impresses me as aiming at the exact opposite of what those who dislike the Ignatian "method" expect it to involve

They feel that the retreat-giver will be but repeating formulas that are not his own and will do so over and over again: that he will use comparisons teg that of the crusading king) appropriate enough to St Ignatius's day but meaningless now and imagery (that of the enthroned Satan) which is no more to our taste: that he will be strait-waistcoating and almost hypnotising his Exercitant and that anyhow when the Exercitant "meditates'' he will not be praying; for intellectual reflection is not prayer; and that the upshot of the exercises is meant to be a vigorous if not violent act of the human will, or at best a sort of apathetic resignation to what is assumed funder the impact of o much suggestion") to be God's will; in fact that the exercises make a man something of a Pelagian if not a Stoic, rather than a Christian

Well, it is first the retreat-giver's business to keep himself out of the pieture as much as possible He should say no more than is necessary to help the Exercitant to find things out" for himself (Annotation 2): he must encourage him in this personal interior activity and not suggest or coerce him into it, let alone do everything for him (Annotation 7): in short, he must, during th exercises scrupulously refrain from urging the retreatant to one choice rather than another (eg, to celibacy or voluntary poverty), even though outside retreat one might freely suggest to a man that this or that way of life is the nobler (Annotation 15) Hence, when giving the meditation-matter, a priest is expected to give a sort of minimum leverage to th soul, so that it may proceed, thereafter, to use its own faculties under, it is hoped, the direct guidance of God, its Creator and Lord

A, for the famous themes of the King embarking on His crusade, and he Two Standards there is plenty of good psychology in them (in particular in the pictures of the smoky, noisy throne and court, the mental, moral and social chaos that surround and support what is Antichrist, contrasted with the sweetness, the order and simplicity that characterise Our Lord) and really nowadays the more we appreciate the fact that there is a total" war being waged-that never has anti-God so definitely opposed himself to God-and that willy-nilly we and the whole of our future are involved in that struggle the better s to the controversy about ' prayer," I have to own that it hardly even interests me Prayer is the raising up of the mind and heart to God," and in no necessary sense a separate occupation: it can transfuse any 'material," such as reflection or choosing, or indeed a conversation, or indeed a game I should like a retreatant's entire soul to be "prayerful'' during all parts of a retreat whatever he was doing as in fact I should like mine to be while writing this article; even an inarticulate Godward grunt or yelp can stand for a lot and has presumably been welling up through the exterior action (of fingers and of thought!) till it rushes up like a geyser which has been but mildly steaming and grumbling hitherto

And Ignatius expected nothing less than that an Exercitant should be apathetic! After all, the exercises were the outcome of Ignatius's own period of ferocious interior conflicts at Manresa and to the end he remained within his serenity (not impassivity), a vehemently passionate man Hence he foresaw the Exercitant being an absolute battlefield of spiritual forces, Satanic, angelic, and Divine The onlv sense in which he was to abdicate his "Liberty" was thisthat he freely handed himself over to God, and asked Him to conquer any disorder, resistance or languor that might be his Take O Lord, take to Thyself the whole of my liberty Give me but Thv love and Thy grace, and they shall suffice for me!" That echoes St Paul: it echoes the Liturgy-"may it not be our instinct that comes first in us, but Thy working.'"

My experience of giving retreats is very limited. I began during the last war, the Exercitants being cadets (on the whole, Australian, New Zeaalnd,

Canadian or British ex-N,C O's), men from military hospitals and then miners and other groups of men.

I think that for a collective retreat thirty men are amply numerous enough in fact, too many, if you are to get to know them well I found that they liked being helped to think, increasing4y painful as that operation is What with Marx Freud and education generally our period has signalised itself by its attack on the intelligence as such The dance-songs broadcast nightly and, indeed, during half the day, indicate the abyss of diseased imbecility into which we are invited to descend

The men, then, valued help in hav ing their ideas clarified and put into an order They were also encouraged to find that life, and they, existed for a purpose 'Homo creatus est ut ,"

Observe that St Ignatius begins with man (not even with God), and continues with "in order that" Really one might build a retreat altogether on that monosyllable ut! That they exist for a reason, and have each his undefeatable value braced the men Be wilderment, disgust, giving up, became impossible, and also that whining, whimpering self-pity, to which those same songs when sentimental, are apt so slimily to solicit us They drew new breath after their confession

Religious

The moment Jesus Christ (with whom, obviously, much the greater part of a retreat is concerned) dawns on the horizon, you are at once conscious of a mysterious change in the whole atmosphere even in, for example, a Borstal Institution, which proves after all that it is through Christ that we are now intended to reach God In short, these men returned happily, in one sense, to their childhood, and advanced, in another, to a yet more virile manhood; and meanwhile most certainly they prayed And they went backto camp or barracks, as more than one naively but quite rationally assured me, able to play football better; and as for doctors they supplied (in defiance of heaven knows how many regulations) ambulances to bring their patients to the retreats which did them almost as much good as the Last Sacraments "The Tablet"

GERMAN CHAPLAINS

MUST

SERVE AS SOLDIERS FIRST

All priests wishing to act as chaplains to the German Forces must first serve a period on active service as ordinary soldiers, announces the German Army Bishop Chaplains will not be appointed in future unless they have done this A minimum of at least one month on active service is required

Holiday School

Manjimup

ms for

the arr s es

TROOPS KNIT

• AHERN'S HAVE THE RlGHT WOOL AT THE RIGHT PRICES

Whatever you decide to knit for the boys in the Army, Navy or Air Force, you'll find he wools you want at Ahern's, Below, we feature four special Knitting Wools that are ideal for Balaclava Helmets Sox Scarves Mufflers Caps etc just a small selection from our complete range Remember too we'll wind it for you on our "Windex" Machine

10d.

Excelsior Super, Wool, in 1oz skeins Heathers, greys, blacks, navy, and khaki 10d skein WILDFLOWER-8d Wildflower Sports Wool, n khaki greys and heather mixtures 1oz, skeins 8d 07 AERO SPORTS-94 Areo Sports Wool in 1oz skeins Greys, heathers, and khaki 9d skein

ZINNIA SPORTS -- 6}d

Zinnia Sports Wool, in 1on skeins Greys, khaki, brown and heather mixtures 6id skein,

AIRS

Hay St. to Murray St., Perth

•

New Books

Thursday, May 30, 1940

HNS

776 HAY STREET, PERTH. Telephone: B1655

JEANNE JUGAN Foundress of the Little Sisters of the Poor By Canon Helleu 15s

THE CATHOLICCATECHISM Drawn up by His Eminence Cardinal Gasparri 7/6

CATHOLIC SOCIAL PRINCIPLES

A Commentary on the Papal Encyclical, Rerum Novarum 2/6

RESTORING ALL THINGS A Guide to Catholic Action Edited by J Fitzsimons and Paul McGuire 10/SOCIAL STUDIES For Secondary School pupils and those at home

By S M Dunstan Wilson, MA , DipEd 1/-

MARY WARD An Historical Romance By Ida Goerres Coudenhove 4/6

IN THE LIKENESS OF CHRIST

This is the sequel of the author's Progress Through Mental Prayer" By Edward Leen, C.SSp • 12/6

GOD'S WAY OF MERCY By Father Vincent McNabb, OP, Father Vincent McNabb's greatest reputation is as a spiritual director for conferences and retreats This new volume contains a selection from many verbatim reports of his conferences 8/6

THE LITURGY OF THE MASS By Dr Pius Parsch This volume is de scribed as a popular treatise on the Mass, simply and attractively written. 17/6

DANIEL. By Dom Hubert Van Zel ler The vivid biography of a living mana life of a saint, albeit an Old Testament Saint 12/6

ELEVEN THANK GOD! By Father Vincent McN bb OP A commemoration of Father Vincent McNabb's own motherthe mother of eleven children 4/3

JULIE BILLIART AND HER IN STITUTE By Sister F De Chantal The Life of the Foundress of the Institute of Notre Dame 9/6 Postage Extra

PERTH

DIOCESAN UNION

In Memoriam

Mr J Barron (Victoria Park Branch)

Mr T Forristal (Subiaco Branch),

Mr W Whyte (Boulder Branch)

Mr A. O, Harrigan (MidlandJunction Branch)

Mr Jas Ryan (BusseltonBranch) RIP

The usual monthly meeting of the executive of the above Diocesan Union was held on Friday, May 24 Tee was a good attendance of members An apology was received from Mr J B Carmody

The agenda paper was heavv and many Holy Name matters we:e discussed Correspondence was heavy also both to and from branches

On June 19 the usual quarterly meeting of delegates to the Perth Diocesan Union will be held in the Cathedral Hall, Murray-street, Perth, at 8 pm Branch secretaries will he notified and they are asked to assist in having their branches fully represented

At the annual meeting held last March it was resolved that these meetings will continue to be held quarterly, and that a lecture will follow the business of the meeting

Special Lecture,

In accordance with that resolution, the executive have arranged a lecture to follow the business at this meeting on June 19 The lecture will be given by Rev Father Lalor, and will be illustrated. The subject will be "The Holy Shroud"

It is safe to say that if members knew how interesting and informing these pictures are, and how absorbing the lecture is, the Cathedral Hall will not be large enough to accommodate the crowd seeking admission

Members who have seen and heard this lecture have been astounded at the information it discloses and they have emphatically signified their intention of being present to see and her it again

Holy Name men have been privileged to have this presented to them, and delegates should remember that this lecture is not confined to delegates only They are asked and expected to bring all their branch members.

Members will be admitted to the meeting, but only delegates will be allowed to speak and to vote, and seats will be arranged for them until the meeting is over

Country branches will be notified, so that should any of their members be in Perth on this date they may attend

During the past month two Holy Name secretaries from country districts were in Perth and both called on members of the Diocesan Union Executive They were Mr J Warner, secretary of the Kalgoorlie Branch and Mr, J Darcey, secretary of the Katanning Branch Their visit was much appreciated, as items of interest, such as procedure of branches, difficulties of country branches, etc, were discussed, and it was felt that both parties benefited by the disussions

The general secretary represented tae Diocesan Union at the first Dardanup HN S. breakfast recently, and came back full of praise for the men of that centre

On Sunday, June 9, the executive officers will attend the annual Communion Breakast of the Highgate H NS

PRUNSTER-CLEARY WEDDING

The Lady Chapel at St Mary's Cathedral, Perth, on Thursday, March 28, was the scene of a very pretty wedding, when Leslie Brennan, eldest son of Mr and Mrs A G Prunster, of raldton, and Therese Carmel, youngest daughter of Mr and Mrs W P Cleary, of West Midland were joined in holy Matrimony

The Nuptial Mass was celebrated by

The bride's attendants were Miss Kathleen Cleary (sister of bride) and Dulcie Barclay Both were frocked alike in green embossed georgette, with slightly shirred bodices They wore shoulder length veils of green tulle finished with a halo of pink roses, gladioli and asparagus fern Mr Ves Prunster (cousin of groor) carried out the duties of best man, and Mr Hugh Cleary (brother of the bride) was groomsman, Mrs Cleary (mother of the bride) wore a burgundy embroidered moracain dress, with black accessories and a spray of golden roses and fern Mrs Prunster (mother of groom), unfortunately, could not attend the wedding owing to a long ill ness

NOW s the time to begin C.CC. training. Those enrolled now will be earning salaries in a few months For months past our graduates have been placed n employment as soon as trained.

EVERY CC.C GRADUATE IS GUARANTEED EMPLOY MENT AND PREE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE FOR LIFE

Write, call or phone B2024 or B2063 for 'Guide to Business Training" No obligation

Northam reports successful meetings in the branch there They recently had a talk by Mr Tankard and these talks are being given each month by various members Kalgoorlie appear to have been successfully doing this for a long time This goldfelds centre has from reports received, a very active Holy Name Society

FOURTEEN MORE FRENCH PRIESTS ARE WAR HEROES.

The names of 14 morepriestsserving in the French Army have been mentioned in dispatches for bravery in action during the past few weeks

They are: Father Guesneau, Assumptionist; Abbe Marcel Chatin; Abbe Felix Humbolt; Abbe Honore Gehin; Father Charles Lamy, O FR M Cap, Abbe Felix Josselin; Abbe Jean Guillon; Abbe Rabas; Abbe Pierre Cesne; Abbe Houdart; Abbe Bernard Morin; Abbe Clement Fouqueray; Father Jean Vartholomeus S J; and Father Theodore Pilat, SJ Abbe Houdart, lieutenant in a sniping squad, was badly wounded

Rev Father J Halpin an ld and Pre't 'rend of the bridegroom, wto made a special trip from hi parish at Mt Magnet

The bride, who was given away by her father, wore a magnificent long trained model gown of cream satin and French guipure lace, over which fell in billowy folds a richly embroidered tulle veil, worn over the face on entering the church, and held in place with a coronet of orange blossoms She carried a beautiful sheaf bouquet of cream tuber roses, frangipani, and asparagu fern

Aftwr the ceremon Mr and Cleary entertained a number o 'uests at a breakfast at the Midland Juneto Town Hall Rev Father H pin ted a. chairman The customary to:sts were honoured and congratulat ry telegrams were read The b utiful wedding cake was the gift Mr mnd Mrs W H Sewell, of Ger: dton Later in the afternoon th hpp couple left on their honeyme n, the bride travelling in a smart violet ensemble. with accessories to match. Mr and Mrs Prunster have their home in Geraldton

Integral Part of Spanish State

CATHOLIC AGRARIAN GROUP

Wide Range of Interests Covered Madrid

The Catholic Agrarian Confederation, founded in 1916, and having 208,000 affiliated groups and a capital investment of 2,289,000,000 pesetas, has decided to become part of the syndical organisation of the new State

It is one of the most important of those Catholic economic organisations in Spain which, according to predictions made in some quarters, would be wiped out by the Nationalist Government

The Confederation preserves its administrative system and the only actual change that has occurred is that the word "Nhational'' has been inserted before "Catholic'' in its name In realit'v this confederation is a cooperative, and the Government's law on co-operatives was inspired, for the most part, by the admirable functioning of this tewnty-four-year-old Catholic organisation.

The Agrarian Confederation is composed of regional federations which, in turn, are made up of syndicates It is organised in the Christian sense in that it includes all the elements of agricultural production from top to bottom Each syndicate and federation, as well as the Confederation has its ecclesiastical counsellor who servesas adviseron questions of social morality

The National Council is composed of representatives of the interests of all the component groups The executive board of each federation is made up of representatives of the various syn-

dicates farmers, landowners, tenant farmers, beet growers, viticulturists, wheat-growers, etc

The Confederation has rural, regonal and central banks" which recenve an average annual deposit of 30,000,000 pesetas Its social buildings are valued at 11,000,000 pesetas It has at its disposal for social security 57,000,000 pesetas, and parcels of land worth 36,000,000 pesetas It owns various flour mills, silk factories and dairies Its two publishing houses issue three dailies and twenty-seven periodicals

To improve the knowledge of the famer and the quality of farm produce, the organisation has forty-five experimental sta° tions and both day and night classes, social study weeks and, also, spiritual retreats and exer cises

During the war, in the Red zone the Catholic Agrarian Syndicates ceased to function and manv members were murdered Even now the total of theConfederation's dead cannot be given, but it is known to be in excess of 2 827 In addition to those murdered bv the Reds there were 7.700 who lost their lives at the front.

NEW DECREE FOR NATIVE CLERGY IN THE EAST

The Sacred Congregation for the Oriental Church has published a decree concerning the preparation of eastern native clergy in the territory of the patriarchs announces La Croix.' This decree insists upon the need for a well-trained clergy, especially in the present circumstances, and fixes the conditions for the re ception of candidates to the priesthood.

A commission is to be erected in each patriarchat to examine the moral and ascetical preparation of the students

LITTLE

THREE Illustrations of Serenity

TOWNS

Stray

In a

Truly Catholic State

By EILEEN EGAN

TR \VELJ.,L\'G through this little country that forms the Atlantic seaboard of the Iberian peninsula, I was brought to an awareness of a quickening of national spirit of a renascence of religion and of a resurgence of a rich cultural tradition that had been temporarily in eclipse

We had come to Portugal to see the effects and the social projects of the Estado Novo, the new Government now headed by Dr Salazar In Leiria, a lovely, castle-dominated town in midPortugal, we had inspected the local station for the prevention and allevation of tuberculosis, and learned that the 'Assistencia National aos Tuberculosos'' signs conspicuously posted in the various towns proclaimed a magnificently co-ordinated drive against this plague le had been justly amazed at the amount of work done for the employees of the Cement Factory of Maceira, a village outside Leiria The modern medical clinic, primary s'hool, theatre library and housing project are comparable te anything done in America Now, at the insistence of every Portuguese we had met, we were dropping our carefully planned itinerary to pay a visit to a small inaccessible village called Fatima, in the diocese of Leiria

To Our Lady of Fatima Camionette pra Fatima " We climbed aboard the bus and travelled quickly pat the sunlit olive groves, past the glorious Church of the Battle "Batalha,'' into hilly, arid country

The bus climbed higher and higher until we could see the vineyards, vilages and oliv» trees of the sunny land spread on all sides for miles around And finally, we arrived at Fatima

In ph; sical appearance, it is cer tainly on of the blenkest spots for the visitor to Port I. Aggressively new, white buildings add nothing to the scene, We gave our bags to a little boy who announced that he was from the "Pensao Sagrada Familia," and followed him along a half-finished road

Heavy white dust from the road and buildings under construction filled the air, We ev n found a generous coating of it n ur food at the"Holy Family Inn." But we forgot thi little inconvenience, for from this spot has stemmed much of Portugal's spiritual renascen Here, in a village named for a Moorish girl conv rted to Catholicim, Our Lady appeared in 1917 to three shepherd children, one of whom is still living as a Religious in Spain The Virgin appeared five times, in the months from May to October exhorting people to do penanc and practise greater devotion to the Ro: rv The extraordinary fidelity of the Portuguese people to Mary, which had never been stamped out in all the years of Masonic domination and persecution, received an enormous impetus On May 13, 1938, 500,000 pilgrims came from all parts of the little country to pray at this shrine of Our Ladv Hospitals, convents and other centres have grown up around the three shrines commemorating the three places of her appearance The walls of a very large church are now being raised In a few years, Fatima will undoubtedly be built into a lovely modern town

We did not visit it on a day of pilgrimage; but even then, a stray pilgrim or two came in on every bus We were just in time for Benediction Every villager seemed to come; the men from the fields, the workers from the road, the builders of the new shrine and the housewives with their black lace cowls After Benediction, the host of the "Holy Family Inn" took us to see the new additions to the village A Belgian Carmelite nun whose convent we were asked to visit was very interested in America One of her last requests was the name of the President of the United States At seven o'clock we were back at the little chapel for Mass In spite of the fewness of pilgrims the chapel was filled-again with the good folk of the village Their heavy boots resounded on the wooden floor as thev came in Imost evervone went to Communion In order to prevent just such express1on of devotion to religion, the civil authorities imprisoned and persecuted the three child "voyants" n 1917 Those great democrats" know now that this and all other devices are powerless to change the heart of the Poruguese peasant We can see why many religious Portuguese credit all their country's remarkable resurgence to Our Lady of Fatima

We arrived at Viana in the middle of August, n time for the festival in honour of Nossa Senhora d'Agnia Viana is an ancient and beautiful town with a definite character of its own

The dwelling houses are of true Portuguese architecture, the rich Manueline, and many of them date back to Portugal's golden age, the Age of Discovery

Many streets are cobbled Through these streets marched hundreds upon hundreds of "peregrinos" For the three days of the festival, or asthe Portuguese call it, the "romaria,"' the population of Viana, normally about 12 000 is more than doubled

Here we were told, was the true Portugal, the true Portuguese type, Certainly, these Portuguese of the north bore a striking resemblance to the Irish, not only in appearance but in manner and wavy of life Even in this festival-festooned town, even in their brilliantly adorned regional costumes and extravagant gold filigree jewellery, they never lost a certain sweetness and gravity that set them off denitelv from the more volatile and uninhibited Spaniards

They watched in utter silence as the lovely procession in honour of Our Lady of Sorrows wound its way past them To foreign eyes the realistically dressed statues and symbolic floats are new and strange Every knee touched the ground as the Bishop of Braga gave his blessing Afterwards most of the pilgrims followed the famous statue of "Nossa Senhora d'Agonia" to her own church, there to offer up their prayers before the evening's festivities began

No matter how late the dance, the singing or the fireworks, they appeared at early Mass the next morning Many of them, to whom the train journey was a big expense, slept out all night

They scrupulously made the rounds of Viana's many churches, leaving their little offering at each The church of Santa Luzia, high on a promontory that looks over into northern Spain, was crowded all day with a constant stream of country people

For the foreign visitor, and there were many, the afternoon's bullfight was a revelation The Portuguese are too gentle and love animals too much to enjoy seeing a killing, so the bull is never killed The bullfight presented a beautiful exhibition of skill on the part of mounted bullfighters and lancebearers whose aim was to place small darts in the bull's back When this was accomplished, almost always with great grace and daring cowbells were heard, and a group of the bull's fellows were let into the ring to escort him home That was all Everyone loved it

We left Viana on a train crowded with north-country pilgrims, who soon began a serious discussion A tall young peasant was backed up in his arguments by his handsome wife A fat farmer hit his stick against the carriage floor for emphasis A blue-eyed old man who could have easily been pictured walking along the roads of Ireland, gave his contribution in his own musical dialect, The subject of their earnest inquiry waswhich is the most beautiful church in Portugal

Itdeveloped thatevery church under consideration had been visited by each participant, with the exception of the church of Hieronymos at Lisbon Only the fat farmer had spent any time at the capital and thus he was able to explain how the first gold and silver from Portugal's colonies is still on the altars Pinaly the choice was narrowed down to two, "Batalha," the Gothic monument to the victory of Portugal over Spain, and "Bom Jesus do Monte'' a noted shrine at Braga

The older members of the party held out with great warmth for Braga to the er.d

These are the people for whom Dr Salazar and his government areworking so tirelessly and accomplishing so much They are worthy of all the effort

To Valenca, the People's Theatre.

The cultural renascence of Portugal is keeping abreast of progress in other lines Prize play contests were 1naugurated to encourage modern 'Gil Vicente's" Haunting films, cast against the serene backgrounds of Portugal, have been made Since the inhabitants of the remote country districts oannot go to the towns to see these native efforts the theatre is carried to the country to them, Up almost to the Spanish border we followed the government-subsidised itinerant theatre To a field outside Valenca came

all the people from the surrounding countryside, Two thousand men, women and children sat in the balmy night air to watch a touching drama of ordinary people like themselves The backgrounds were those they could recognise; the problems were those they had faced The leading character found regeneration by joining Franco's famous Foreign Legion, and thus in a way staving off invasion of his own country The Left-wing intellectuals of New York who are accustomed in their favourite plays and novels to have their hero find peace and regeneration by operating a machine gun for "Spanish Democracy" might have been a little taken aback at the spontaneous applause which greeted the hero's choice I ]@ Across from Valenca shone the lights of Tuy, Spain Only the River Minho separated them from the place where thedogs ofwar hadforso many months

N E w p 0 R T u G A L

been unleashed They were too near the scene of action for such a fiction to take root as quickens the pulses of some of our New York intellectuals

After the serious play, the audience was treated to Anton Chekhov's 'The Marriage Proposal." Any one who questioned, as I did, the ability of the Portuguese workman to "take" Chekhov would be answered as I was by the laughter that greeted the broadly farcical situations Then, still smilng, all went across the fields to their homes The theatre itself and all the scenery were packed into great trucks to take a little brightness nto another remote hamlet In the words of Antonio Ferro at the first performance of the theatre of the people: "After reality poetry After our daily bread, our dream of nights!"-"America"

East Victoria Park Ball, June 5th

Has automatic Switch, works assoon aswater boils

Saves current, will not boil over, will not burn out; price 29/6 each (cream); coloured oneshillingextra,at

TWELVE

Official Organ ot the Archdiocese ot Perth. Established 1874

TELEPHONE: B9141

450 HAY STREET, PERTH

Address all communications to the Editor, Box A35, GPO, Perth

PERTH, THURSDAY, MAY 30, 1940

Month of The Sacred Heart

The month of June has been specially selected as the month of devotion to the Sacred Heart Being the Heart of God, the Sacred Heart, of Itself, is worthy of worship, but the devotion does not end there The heart is the centreof emotional life, and is accordingly recognised as the symbol of love Wherefore devotion to the Sacred Heart recalls the love of God, and excites us to pay due homage to it Devotion to the Sacred Heart, as we know it, is due to the revelations which St Margaret Mary Alacoque, a Visitation Sister, of Paray le Monial, received towards the end of the seventeenth century Appearing to her on several occasiors, Our Divine Lord reminded her of His intense love for men, and complained of the world's lack of co-operation "Behold," said the Divine Vision, "this Heart, which has loved men so much, that It has spared nothing to testify ts love In return I receive from the greater part of men only ingratitude, by reason of the contempt, irreverences, sacrileges, and coldness which they show me in the Sacrament of Love "

•

Reference to the coldness and ingratitude of men, implied that the devotion was to be mainly one of reparation, and that reparation, as He revealed to the Saint, was to be directed ciefly towards the earthly home of the Sacred Heart-the Blessed Eucharist The Feast of Corpus Christi had already been instituted by the Church in honour of the Blessed Sacrament, but a special Feast of reparation was requested on the First Friday after the Octave, which would be observed as the Feast of the Sacred Heart In the vision to St Margaret Mary, Our Divine Lord explained how his day was to be observed: "On this day the faithful shall receive Holy Communion, and a solemn act of reparation shall be offe:el fr the indignities My Divine Heart receives during the time It is exposed on My altars"

•

Devotion to the Sacred Heart is, therefore, more remarkable ior the Church, because its Founder was none other than Our Saviour Himself That n itself should be sufficient incentive to practise it The Holy See has sanctioned it with full Apostolic authority, and has enriched the various exercises of the devotion with indulgences innumerable Chief among the practices approved are the frequent reception of Holy Communion, the devotion of the Nine First Fridays, Sacred Heart Sodalities, the Holy Hour, and the Apostleship of Prayer These form the most effective means of practising the devotion of reparation to the Sacred Heart And lest the world might entertain any doubt about the efficacyoftle devotion, Our Divine Lord Himself requested St Margaret Mary to publish, and cause it to be made known throughout the world, that He would set neither measure nor limit to the graces He would bestow upon those who sought them in His Sacred Heart This He revealed in twelve promises which enumerated the sum total of all the graces which mortals here below might ever hope to attain The last is particularly significant: "I promise that those who spread devotion to My Sacred Heartshall have their names inscribed in the Book of Life, never to be effaced" That assuredly must be the last word in favour of devotion to the Sacred Heart

Very Rev C J Thompson, A\ministrator of St Prancis Xavier's Cathedral, Adelaide paid a short visit to Perth during the week

ARCHBISHOP'S ENGAGEMENTS

May 31: Preside at Ceremony of Final Vows at Carmelite Monastery Nedlands

June 2: 930 am: Preside at Solemn High Mass at the Church of the Holy Rosary Nedlands, on the occasion of the Silver Jubilee of Very Rev, Father Moss

330 p.m : Attend Annual Procession of the Blessed Sacrament at Sacred Heart Church, Highgate, on the occasion of the close of the Forty Hours' Devotion

June 9: Canonical Visitation and Con° firmation at Mosman Park.

June 15: Celebrate Mass at St Anthony's @hurch, Wanneroo, on the occasion of the annual Festa in honour of St Anthony,

June 16: Canonical Visitation and Confirmation at Shenton Park

June 19-23: Attend Jubilee Celebrations at Beagle Bay Mission

1940 Plain Chant Festival

The diocesan schools and colleges are reminded that the Annual Plain Chant Festival is to take place at the end of this term

The music set is Mass No. 9 (Cumjubilo), Credo No 3 (as last year), O Salutaris No 1, Tantum ergo No 3, Adoremus No 15 (Benediction Choir Book), Regina Coeli, and the Ecce Panis Angelorum

Every effort is being made to arrive at an equitable division in the grading of the primary schools Any suggestions in this direction will receive serious attention

New Section for Harmonium Playing

As, in almost every parish, difficulty is being experienced in finding an efficient organist, a new section for harmonium playing is being introduced into this vear's festival This year there will be two divisions of this section, one for school children (with the 15th birthday as age limit), and an open section Three fairly substantial prizes will be given in each section and a small entrance fee will be charged The music set will be as follews: School Children: The accompaniment of the music set for this year's festival

Open: The accompaniment of the music set for this year's festival

Play any of the hymns on the Diocesan Hymn Card «The accompaniment of this card will be available in two weeks' time) I To play at sight a not very difficult piece from the accompaniment book of "Plain Song for Schools"

Indicative of the progress of the Catbolice Women's League is the election of Mrs J Maxwell (CWL President) to the office of vice-president of the West Australian National Council of Women, also of Mrs Hunt to the ex ecutive committee The election of officers for the ensuing year took place yesterday # t k Last evening Nedlands parishioners organised a social function in St Teresa's Hall, Tyrell-street, to mark the occasion of the Silver Jubilee of Very Rev Father E, Moss His Grace the Archbishop attended, together with many of the clergy from the city and suburbs An exceptionally good programme of entertainment was provided and this was followed by a number of congratulatory speeches, when the presentation of a gold chalice was made to the jubilarian on behalf of his parishioners The altar boys of Holy Rosary Church also presented Father Moss with a memento, indicative of their appreciation of his many kindnesses A very pleasant evening was brought to a close with the singing of the National Anthem Both this and the liturgical ceremonies on Sunday will be fully reported in our next issue k

Arrangements are well in hand for the Newman Ball, to be held in the Embassy on July 15. The committee will be pleased to hear from any young ladies who wish to make their debut Intending debutantes are asked to get in touch with Miss Betty McDonough (U1966) or Miss Moya Smith, 18 Leake-street North Perth # t k k There will be no meeting of the Chesterton Club on Wednesday, June 5 The date of the next meeting will be advertised in "The Record" The Society of St. Vincent de Paul is urgently in need of left-off clothing to supply the wants of the distressed. Parcels may be left at the Western Stove Co., corner Wellington and Queen-streets, or ring B6307 and they will be collected

FATHER DUDLEY PRAISES AUSTRALIA'S HIERARCHY.

Lecturing on his adventures round the world to a large audience at the Olympia Theatre Dublin, in aid of St Joseph's Catholic Boys' League, Father Owen Dudley said that in the course of his tour he had travelled over 100,000 miles, lived through three Winters and two Summers during one year, and crossed the Equator twice

Relating his experiences in Australia, he said that when at Melbourne he staved with Dr Mannix, whom he described as "an immensely loveable personality and a mighty power in Australia'' His influence over "Australian labour,' proceeded Father Dudley, "has probably stemmed the tide of Communism there as nothing el e could do '

"At breakfast one morning a letter arrived from Mr de Valera to say that he was giving the cross to crown the great spire of Melbourne Cathedral, now finished I wish your Taoiseach had been there to see His Grace's joy"

A Catholic Australia.

Father Dudley spoke about the enthusiasm of Australian Catholics and said that the fearle: outspokenness of the Hierarchy contributed largely to the banning of dirty literature from this country by the Government He should like he said, to ee a similar clean-up in his own countrv

"Australia i a land oi Catholic vigour and action I see no reason why, with Archbishops and Bishops and priests and faithful of such sterling character and Apostolic spirit, Australia should not be entirely Catholic in time"

VENERABLE MARCELLIN CHAM PAGNAT, Founder of the Marist Brothers, who urge all interested in the Cause of his Beatification to join with them in imploring of God to provide the three necessary miracles wrought through his intercession An interesting article on Father Champagnat appears on Page 24

00000- o0-00 o

Thursday, May 30, 1940 QUARANT

JUNE Sunday Ist Highgate Forty Hours' Prayer (31st May-2nd June)

2nd Claremont: One Day of Exposition 3rd Merredin: One Day of Exposition

4th Collie: One Day of Exposition.

5th Osborne Park: Forty Hours' Prayer (28th -30th)

r

for Peace Prayers

Crowded Churches and Solemn Ceremonies

40 HOURS'DEVOTION AT CATHEDRAL

In all Catholic Churches Sunday last was observed as a day of special invocation for the cessation of hostilities and for a peace founded on the principles of justice and charity

IN addition to the special prayers which are said after every Mass, most churches had Exposition of the Blessed Sacrament throughout the day, and in all churches an Hour of Adoration was conducted in the evening In the Cathedral the occasion coincided with the Forty Hours' Devotion

SISTER BAPTISES A PAGAN WITH UMBRELLA

Fortunately, it had been raining · On a sick call at Kwangtung China, the superior of the local Maryknoll convent, Siter Mary Richard, found a pagan woman dying

The woman had said she wished to be baptised, but the relatives refused permission

For a few moments Sister Richard was left alone in the room Siftly she seized her dripping umbrella, and with the water running from it administered baptism

A few hours later the woman died .......................4...4.4.4

The day of prayer was marked y more than ordinarily crowded Masses in all the churches, a constant stream of visitors to the Blessed Sacrament, and in general a spirit of devout supplication and confident appeal to God to restore peace on earth according to His justice

In St Mary's Cathedral Solemn High Mass was celebrated on Friday, Saturdav and Sundav On Friday the celebrant was Rev Father Rafferty: deacon, Rev Father Wallace; and sub-deacon Rev Father Donnelly On Saturday the ministers were: The Rev Father Donnelly, celebrant; Rev. Father Rafferty, deacon; and the Rev Father Lalor, subdeacon; and on Sunday, the Rev Father Donnelly, celebrant; the Rev Father McGillicuddv, deacon; and the Rev Father Rafferty, sub-deacon The Rev Father Johnston was master of ceremonies on each occasion The concluding ceremony, the Hour of Adoration, was conducted by the Rev Father Johnston.

Holy Father Crowns Italy's New Patroness

Rome, May 10.

When the Holy Father went to Santa Maria sopra Minerva on Sunday morning for the climax of the celebrations of the first feast of St Catherine of Siena as Patroness of Italy, he found in the former dim Dominican church a scene of wonderful brilliance

Thousands of lights adorned the Gothic arches; the great candelabra and other metalwork of the high altar had been renewed, making the tomb of St Catherne beneath the altar shine out in all ts splendour

His Holiness presided at the Papal Chapel and crowned the statue of St Catherine with a gold and jewelled diadem presented by the ladies of Rome

His To

Making a departure from the usual ceremonial, the Holy Father preached not from his throne but from the pulpit-the same pulpit from which, as Secretary of State, he preached his famous sermon for the canonisation of St Albert the Great

He made this change so thathe could be seen and heard bv the majority of the great congregation

Girls' Homage in Flowers

The celebrations had begun on April 28, when Bishop Giordani, ecclesiastical inspector for all the juvenile Fascist organisations, celebrated Mass for thousands of girls and young women

Each girl had brought a flower and at the conclusion of the Mass

Opens Church

all filed past the high altar and placed their flowers on the steps leading to it as homage to St Catherine

On the following day, the vigil of the feast, Cardinal Eugene Tisserant, Secretary of the Oriental Congregation, pontificated at vespers The ceremony was very beautifully carried out by the Dominican Fathers, who had gathered from all the Roman convents and from some places outside the citv

On the feast day, the church was thronged from early morning Masses followed each other at all the altars up to midday Cardinal Tisserant pontificated at High Mass at the saint's tomb In the choir stalls were many

Grace Capel Extensions

On April 14 a three-days' Mission by Rev Father Packer, CSSR., was commenced at Capel The reconstructed Church, with its six beautiful stainedglass windows, was the centre of much fervent activity during this period, which formed a fitting prelude to the ceremony of the blessing of the additons by His Grace the Archbishop on Friday, April 19

Indeed it was a great act of courtesy by His Grace, and a striking testimonal of his interest and affection for the Catholic people of Capel, that in the midst of his many activities in Perth in connection with the visit of His Excellency the Apostolic Delegate, he should find time to journey the 150 miles to be with us on that great occason

And what an occasion it was Through �e courtesy of Mrs Merchant and Mrs McMurchy, the choir of the Convent East Victoria Park Ball, June 5th

school at Busselton was brought to Capel for the Missa Cantata The sweet singing of the plain chant by the school children was most devotional and beautiful, His Grace was accompanied by Right Rev Monsignor Hayes, Parish Priest of Bunbury

After Mass His Grace congratulated the children on their splendid singing, and eulogised the people of Capel on the beautiful Church they had provided The Catholic Church, he said, at all times devoted the best in art to its places of worship The glories of the Middle Agesthe golden age of Faithwere exemplified in the magnificent churches built during that period His Grace appealed to the people to keep up their interest in their Church and not to rest until every penny of the debt was liquidated

Right Rev Monsignor Hayes said that for a long time he had felt that the old church needed replacing He

was delighted, he said, with the new building Rev Father Cunningham thanked His Grace for honouring them with his presence The people of Capel appreciated the interest His Grace took in them All were satisfied with the new Church and he felt that it would not be long before the debt was cleared He also thanked Rt Rev, Monsignor Hayes for his kindly interest and for coming to the blessing

A statement of receipts and expenses was then read

The following is the list of donations:

£5 5s: His Grace the Archbishop

£1 Is Rt Rev Monsignor Hayes

£5 5s: Rev Father Cunningham

£20: Mr W Wittfoht

£10 10s Each: Mr W Kidd, T Scott, Mr E M Dyer, Mrs Davies

£I0 Each: E Moriarty, Norton Bros

£5 Each: Mrs W Wittfoht, M A Devlin F Hutton L Aspden J Wynne, P Martin

£3 3s Each: J J O'Neill, P Glendon.

£2 2s Each: W Connell, J E Glendon, W H

£2 Each: J Wynne, W Moriarty.

£1 1s Each: J Slattery, H Walker

£I Each: B Slattery Mrs Merchant

Archbishops, Bishops and other prelates, and representatives f the Franciscan and other orders In the afternoon we heard Cardinal Pellegrinetti preach a very touching sermon on the life of St Catherine

The Queen Empress honoured by her presence the opening of a series of conferences on St Catherine in the Aula Maxima of the Angelico University

The Oueen was met on her ar rival bv Cardinal Tisserant, Archbishop Borgongini Duca, Nuncio to Italy, and by Father Martin Gillet Dominican Master General

"OLD IONIANS'" ASSOCIATION

The Third Annual Ball of the 'Od Ionians' " Association will be held at Anzac House on Friday, June 21, 1940 Dancing 830 p.m M LEUNIG, Hon Secretary B1937

June: Wednesday, 5: East Victoria Park Annual Catholic Ball, Camberwell St, Hall

Wednesday, 19: Midland Junction Annual Catholic Ball

St Joseph's Ex-Students' Annual Ball, Fremantle Town Hall Friday, 21: SHHS, Highgate, Annual Entertainment, His Majesty's The atre

Old Ionians' Annual Ball, Anzac House, 830 pm

WednesdAy 26: Annual Catholic Ball, Government House Ballroom

July: Monday, 15: Newman Ball, Embassy •

(Mention in this column will be made only of those functions advertis ed elsewhere in this issue)

Germany

and

They Did Not Like the French Artist's Plans for Europe

German leaders swelled with indignation recently and the German Press rose in fury at "the extremely bad taste" of Mr Sumner Welles, United States Under Secretary of State The cause was a map on M Reynaud's office wall, which appeared in a photograph on the cover of "L'IIustration," of the meeting of Mr. Welles and M Ryenaud

"This map shows unmistakably that the main aim of England and France is the dismemberment of the German Reich'' said Professor Victor Bruns, who served as Germany's counsel at the World Court "The Western Powers want a powerless Germany the same as was created through the Westphalian Peace of 1648 "

(The Treaty oi Westphalia, at theend of the Thirty Years' War, took 40,000 square miles from the Holy Roman Empire and gave most of it to France and Sweden, left it with an indefensible frontier with France and broke t into 300 principalities )

The picture, said Professor Bruns, was incontrovertible proof that Sumner Welles and Paul Reynaud had discussed a postwar settlement It was there on the map: Poland restored and enlarged at the expense of Germany and Russia; Schleswig-Holstein to Denmark; German cessions to Belgium, the Netherlands, France and Switzerland; Austria restor-

ed with an Adriatic outlet at Trieste; Yogoslavia enlarged at Italy's expense; Italy's vital Dodecanese Islands to Greece; Turkey increased at Bulgaria's expense

The German Press seriously discussed whether the United States was helping to plot the dismemberment or just istening to the Allies' plans; the Italian Ambassador to Paris (Raffaele Guarglia) called on M Reynaud for an explanation Mr Welles comment went unnoticed: Fantastic nonsense I never looked at any map which may have been on M Reynaud's wall"

After allowing the fury to continue inflating for several days, the Quai d'Orsay punctured the balloon by calling in correspondents and showing them the explanation:

M Reynaud, a thrifty man, had a 2l-year-old map in his office

Instead of buying a new one, he kept up with history by marking Germany's acquisitions in red chalk and Russia's in vellow In the photograph Germany and Russia appeared as one piece of territory; the censor did not like it and ordered the map retouched "L'Illustration" sketched in Europe's frontiers with more art than accuracy The borders of France as well as of Germany were out of place

ROMANIA FINDS AN ANSWER

4,000,000

Amateurs Better Than 6,000 Experts

The mobilisation of 1,600,000 of Rumania's 5,000,000 or more ablebodied men postponed last autumn's ploughing, and their presence in the army has caused a shortage of farm-labour in the spring Bitter winter and spring floods have combined with these war conditions to play havoc with her wheat crop Instead of the normal export surplus of £5,000,000 worth of wheat this year's surplus is expected to be little more than half that Last year Germany bought £1,500,000 worth of the surplus, and this vear she wanted £2,000,000 worth Dr Karl Clodius promised Rumania recently that if she would agree to supply this Germany would stop pressing her for oil With a Rumanian Trade Delegation in London also being pressed for wheat, the Rumanians could not bring themselves

BRITISH EX-SOLDIER TEACHES INDIANS IN FAR NORTH

Prince Rupert, Canada

In the cold far north of Canada two Catholic laymen one an exsoldier of the British Army, are at work

It is near the source of the Yukon River in the Canadian Rockies, difficult of access at any

POPE PRAYS TO SAVE ITALY

National Broadcast of Appeal

London May 10

During a week in which all Italy has been celebrating the first Feast of St Catherine of Siena as Patroness of Italy-the Saintwho acted as an Ambassador of Peace for Popes Gregory XI anc Urban VI-and rejoicing over the Canonisation of an italisn Saint, the Holy ather has been making use of every means at his disposal to prevent the entry of Italy into the war

Great hopes are being placed n the long conversation-lasting 45 minutesbetween His Holiness and Prince Umberto on Monday

These hopes had a firm basis: the Osservatore Romano" had made it clear that the visit of the Crown Princeaccompanied by Princess Marie Jose and the Italian Ambassador to the Holy See, Signor Alfieri-was something more than a courtesy call Prince Umberto, besides being heir to the throne commands half the Italian Armv

The Prince also called upon Cardinal Maglione, Papal Secretary of State

U.S. Envoy at Vatican.

On the same day the Prince had a long conversation with Signor Mussolini The official version of this conversation was that it concerned military matters

The desire for peace in Rome has given rise to rumours that the Prince received definite peace proposals from the Holy Father for communication to official quarters This, it is believed, is hoping for too much It is felt that the Pope in presentcircumstances could not go beyond the already comprehensive Peace East Victoria Park Ball, June 5th

Points he set out in his Christmas allocution to the Cardinals

Other hopes and rumours are based upon two other private audiences His Holiness granted last week-end to Mr Myron C Taylor, President Roosevelt's peace envoy to the Vatican, and the conference subsequently held by Mr Tavlor with the American Ambassador in Rome and the Ambassador's conversation with Signor Mussolini

Since receiving Prince Umberto the Holy Father has granted a private audience to the French Ambassador, M Charles Roux. Cheers Greet Call for Peace

Prayers

The profound desire of many Italians to keep their country out of war was demonstrated when the Holy Father preached at a Papal Chapel on Sunday in honour of St Catherine in the Church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, Rome

Prolonged applause greeted the expression of his wish that all Italians should pray for peace

His words were carried to all parts of Italy not by the Vatican radio but by. the Italian broadcasting stations His Holiness described St Catherine as "an angel of peace," and declared: "The hour has come for all Italians to pray for peace in the midst of the dangers of these days "

to promise almost their entire surplus to the Germans

So Clodius had a sly suggestion to make: Rumania could demobilise 500,000 peasants and solve her farming difficulties The Reich would even send 6,000 agricultural experts to show the peasants how to increase their efficiency

King Carol had to find an answer to that one, and an answer that did not include the acceptance of 6,000 experts of any kind It took him 14 hours of hardthinking to arrive at a solution His answer was that Rumania had a National Youth Movement containing 4,000,000 boys and girls between 7 and 14; the children would be realeased from school in groups, two weeks at a time, and would go to work on the farms

time, completely cut off from the outside world in the winter of ice anu snow Ihev have opened and are running two Catholic schools for Indian boys and girls

The two pioneers offered their services to Bishop Bunoz, O M I stating their willingness to go anvwhere in his missionary diocese of the Yukon and hisPrince Rupert vicariate He sent them to the Indians

BLASPHEMY IN FRANCE

France like us, claims to be fighting for Christian principles, but "Populaire," the organ of M Leon Blum and of the socialist ministers in M Reynaud's government, has used the Feast of the Ascension to publish a series of blasphemies "Populaire" gives Jesus a derisive nickname; the feast is called a sort of millenary foolery;" the Gospel story s "lies and perversions;' His resurrection, His 'furtive appearances, due mostly to phenomena of suggestion,' and His ascension into Heaven "belong to the realm of legend" The Bible has grown out of these miracles conceived in the imagination of fanatics They are allegories or myths"

Such insults to Christian teaching throw light on the objections of many patriotic Frenchmen to M Reynaud's inclusion of the socialists in his cabinet

LICENCE USED IN B B C RADIO TO THE FORCES

"It is obvious that certain artists may sing or say just what they like What about the censorship department of the BB C ?" writes the priest-editor of the Scottish National Box Tenders' Association "Bulletin," returning to his attack on the class of entertainment broadcast to the Forces, in thecurrent issue Surely," he adds, "the percentage of Catholic men whoare serving would warrant a direct protest to the Minister of War and the BBC directors."

The Annual Catholic Ball will be held in Government House Ballroom on Wednesday, June 26

The ex-soldier's schoolroom is a log hut, built with his own hands from tree: chopped down in the forest To reach his winter quarters he sets out in the autumn trudging with a heavy pack on his back for over 300 miles

\ small group oi laywomes are to share in this work One of them, a registered nurse, will live alone in the midst t an Indian tribe

The four missionary priests in the northern section cf the vicariate often do not see each other for five or six months at a time Bishop Coudert, O MI, hopes to pay a visit there soon

Racing Selections By "The Hawk"

W.AT C (Before Acceptances) June Handicap: Kerlion, 1; Ripplian, 2; Kronis, 3 Flying Handicap: Juana, 1; Gay Prince, 2; Skylark, 3 Winter Handicap: Mathos, 1; Amalette, 2; Jiggle, 3, Electric Handicap: Gay Response, 1; Dainty Lace 2; Delrion 3 Roe Stakes: Prince Yodelist, 1% Lady Agrion, 2; Yedrion, 3 Suburban Handicap (Welter): Imaking, 1; Equavar, 2; Great Treat 3

Trotting Selections

GLOUCESTER PARK. Saturday, June 1, 1940

W.A Breeders' Handicap: Black Yamma, 1; Owyhee Sheik, 2; Miss Silver, 3.

Bridgetown Handicap: Realm Queen, 1; Siam's Beauty, 2; Plain Percy, 3 Bunbury Handicap: Flying Daly, 1% Austin's Globe, 2; Admiral Pronto, 3, Busselton Handicap: Med Alto, 1% Direct Antique, 2; Rairewyn, 3 High-Class Handicap: Golconda, 1; Serene Derby, 2; Owyhee Dixie, 3 Harvey Handicap: Fullwil, 1; Thebes, 2; Prince Yamma, 3 Manjimup Handicap: Lelaine, 1; Lord Sheik, 2; Silver Emblem 3

HAD seen Joe at union meetings ' I for some time and had him sized up as a rank-and-file member who knew what he was doing Although he had a keen sense of humour and was always smiling, he was nevertheless on the job when something had to be done We were talking shop recently over a cup of coffee and Joe happened to mention something about his family That started the bull session which follows

''Just got my income tax blank re port from the company," said Joe as he shoved a small card across the table Reading it, I was informed that Joe's income during the year 1939 amounted to 1,170 dollars 1170 dollars is not much money for a married man."

"And how,'' Joe quickly rejoined

"You know I have nine kids-six Living and three dead The joke of it is that Ive worked for the same firm for the past sixteen years

What's the story, Joe?"

"Well, it's a long story I used to be an assistant foreman at the plant, but I played square with the union men The assistant 'super' told me to be wise and take it easy I stuck by my guns and we finally had a fight I'offered to knock the 'super's' teeth down his throat before I'd pull a job on the union, but he just fired me on the spot."

"Have you alway had a tough time getting along?" I said, Well, I have not known good times since 1923 I have always worked hard and I want to hard work My best year was 1937 Made 1,800 dollars then But the breaks are all against us At the plant now they give us three days' work each week That keeps u: on low wages and keeps the plant running But it keeps us from getting unemployment compensation Out of every month we can't work 40 per cent of the time Accord ing to the law, so long you work a little bit y u are still employed"

Living.

Joe seemed to be a deep sort oi man I had never really known him, as I said The clock w: past midnight, but we ordered coffee and continued "Joe you say you have six kids living. Alng with your wife, that makes eight pople How in Heaven's name do you manage to do it?"

"Well, that's another long story We live in a six room house which has three bedrooms It is too small, for my youngest son sleeps in the same room with us It is wrong, but what can I do about it? We don't have enough closet space Our rent is 28 dollars per month"

Joe sat back and stopped for a second.

Heres the payoff, When we went there, the landlord set the rent at 26 dollars a month. When he heard I had six kids, he raised it to 28 dol-

"I don't belie I've spent 60 dollars in the last two years for clothing You see these clothes· thev are all I have to my name. Wear them to shop to union meetings and to church on Sunday or whenever I can go lars!

44444444444444 Clothing

HOW THE OTHER HALF LIVES

American Auto Worker

By JOSEPH R BARR

My wife makes most of our clothes at home She gets old clothes from relatives or neighbours and remakes them to fit the children The woman is good that way The children are hard on shoes, but I repair them myself, and that keeps the expenses down'

Eating.

"We have a budget for eatingthe six children and the two of us. that is eight all together, live on 14 to 15 dollars each week We don't trade at chain stores, because they won't give credit They also take your money out of the community and are usually unfair to labour"

Now, Joe, you can't tell me that six children and two adults can eat on 14 dollars a week''I protested

' Well, come round some night and see, We live on fried potatoes (sometimes mashed or boiled), boiled tomatoes; sometimes we have home-made bread, and we have two quarts of milk every day for the children The woman and I drink tea

"In the summer, when the auto plants close and I'm laid off we live on tomatoes on toat with an onion now and then."'

'You live on that, Joe?"

" Well not only that. Now and then we have vegetable soup made of greens which the woman picks up at the store for a nickel Monday we usually have iried potatoes and lima beans Tuesday we have lima bean soup Never a scrap of waste comes from the table For breakfast we have corn flakes

"I help with the baking and I usually do the undry for my wife She is a sick woman and I do everything to make it as easy as possible for her Health

"I have good health, thank God, and so do most of the children My youngest boy is 4± years old, and the picture of health He's a hell raiser

Hope he will be a priest some day It my be possible but only God

knows

"Poor as I am, I had my wife in a Catholic hospital when sick A priest visited her and said he had never seen a woman face death better than my wife. She answered the prayers of the Sisters as she received blood transfers.

Every two years there is sickness or death, or something else We never seem to be out of trouble One of my girls is afflicted physically and must be taken to school She is a very good cook and helps us marvellously that way

"Speaking of health, I am one of a family of 29 children, Eighteen are still living, and in this city I have more than 300 relatives,"

" And say, I forgot to tell you that when we eat on Sunday we really eat We only have one meal then, but we usually have a roast with gravy, mashed potatoes, a little lettuce, and some celery The girls usually bake a cake and we have a party The children and I do everything on Sunday to give mv wife a rest

Recreation

' In the summer we are laid off for two or three months I usually get a job painting houses or something else like that

Sometimes a neighbour will take us for a ride. or a relative will take the children out to the country for a real picnic Usually the children just hang around the city and sweat We have outings to the local park and have a good time playing with the children and eating sandwiches

Religion.

"When I needed help bad, the Church never turned me down The city and state welfare will helpbut you have to go through a strait-jacket to get it.

"The priests are for the poor, only they have different ways of getting it across. I go to my pastor as I would to my own father, He is swell I always take my advice from Catholic priests no matter where I am If more Catholics did this they would be much better off

"Every night after supper our family recites the rosary We never interrupt our prayers We all kneel and I lead

'The world is as it is because the rich are ignorant of us people and they are jealous of their own power A lot of them know it but won't admit it be= iex, «is to zig to mg!

There are too many hypocrite Catholics

every placeboth rich and poor ,,

Mans catholics ask me why J don

D'ARCY'S SELECT DANCES

Every THURSDAY Evening

ANZAC HOUSE BALLROOM

MODERN AND OLD TIME

D'Arcy's Ever-Popular Seven Piece Orchestra with Miss Joan Bridger vocalist

LENA GIANATTI, ho submitted the winning entry in The Record" Essay Competition, "A" Division published in last week's issue

all are having a Catholic education I usually tell people who say such things to me to mind their own business, Once I socked a guy for talking that

Dainty Supper Provided Admission 1/6, plus tax

'The children go to the Sacraments every week, Every one who is old enough In my home I never heard an evil word We have to bawl out relatives and friends who come to the home and give bad example before the children

Mv wife and I ead our lives for the children They are very well behaved I never beat them, but give them good example Paddled them once, and that was a long time ago I don't believe in dictators Joe's Activities

"I am verv active in union affairs Attend every departmental meeting, every other union meeting and also attend ACTU (Association of Catholic Trade Unionists) meetings Also attend my parish labour school and other outside union activities Belong to the Holy Name Society: I always show my Holy Name button to Communists to let them know I'm on the job,"

"Joe, you say you attend ACTU meetings Do you think Catholic workers should work with other Catholies?"

"If the business and professional men would support such a movement as the ACTU they wcu)d be better off in the long run for then we poor Catholics could pay our bills which we cannot pay today on account of poor conditions "

Future

What of the future Joe? Do you know what will happen to you and your family?"

That's not in the cards for me to know I carry a 2,000 dollar life insurance policy which I got at the plant It protects my family if anything happens to me Four of the children are also insured as best I can manage

One of our children died recently and was buried by the city But I have them baptised a week after birth, No taking chances" It was late and Joe had to be going Joe gets up about 5 o'clock in the morning to go to work at his plant He works long and hard for a pittance

Yet somehow, by the grace of God and Joe's hard work, the family continues to live a Christian life Joe, auto worker, is a sample of what helps to make the Catholic Church tick Most of us never realise how many saints we know I wonder how many stockholders in the company for which Joe works know about him?-"Social Action " way

Harvey

MASS TIME TABLE

June 2: Harvey, 8 am; Yarloop, 10 e m June 9: Waroona, 8.30 a.m : Harvey, 10 a m June 16: Yarloop, 8 am; Harvey, 10 am June 23· Harvey, 8 am: Waroona 16 am June 30: harvey, 8 am; Yarloop, 10 am,

NARROGIN

MASS TIME TABLE

June 2: Narrogin, 8 am; Yealering, 1l a m June 9: Narrogin, 8 a m ; Wickepin, 930 am June 16: Narrogin, 8 am; Yilliminning, 930 a.m June 23: Cuballing 8.30 a m : Narrogin, 1030 a.m, June 30: Narrogin, 8 am: Wandering, 10.30 am

WAGIN

Mass Time Table

June 2: Wagin 8 am: Arthur River 10 a m Tune 9: Wagin, 8 a.m.: Dumbleyung, 10a.m. June 16: Lake Grace, 9 am; Kukerin, 1H am,

practice birth control and take it easy I take advice from the priest and the 37 BARRACK STREET, doctor If the Lord wants me to have PERTH more children He will bring them My (Opposite Town Hall ) children have never wanted and they l!i'

gm.nan _g .Er r, This is the Shop where all Keen @ 5 Housewives MEAT I ! R LIDDELOW & SONS # MIDLAND JUNCTION'S E HIGHCLASS BUTCHERS t Deliver Daily the Primest oi Meat i a Throughout the District « '·I • "RERR R'

BATSOS FERTILIZER NO SMELL NO BURN

Extract from report of Public Analyst available for inspection

The readilv available form in which the fertilising substances are present will make its action immediate and rapid I expect it to stimulate plants into strong growth, as it contains invigorating substances

Obtainable leading stores and wholesale stockists from Henry Berrv and Cov (C Bert Hood), Harris, Scarfe and Sandovers, Hardware Hood, Barnett Bros Roy Walker Batsos Trading Co 39a Newcastle Street, Perth B8775.

By Cogans are in the best of taste and correct to the smallest detailWe can also give (for those men in a hurry) off the peg, ready to put on Garments in faultless style Dinner Jacket Suit, £7 15s (Single or Double Breasted) Evening Suits, £7 15s and £10 10s

Subiaco

Popular Child Competition.

The most important function listed for next week among the activities for the Popular Child Competition is the grand community concert in St, Joseph's Hall on Wednesday evening, June 5 A similar entertainment was held a few weeks back, and it was such an outstanding success that another had to be organised As before Billie Barnes will be the conductor, with Allan Barry as his assistant Several well-known artists from the stage and radio have signified their intention of assisting LA feature of the evening will be the 'amateur trials," for which special prizes will be given Other entertainments in aid of the Popular Child Competition include: To-night (Thursday), May 30, a house party (in aid of Subiaco candidate) at the residence of Dr Walsh, corner of Hay-street and Townshend-road, Subiaco Monday, June 10, function by Subiaco Catholic Young Men's Club in St Joseph's Hall Tuesday, June 11, entertainment by Subiaco section in St Joseph's Hall

St Kevin's Tennis Club

On Wednesday evening, June 12, the St Kevin's Tennis Club will hold it second annual dinner The venue will be St Joseph's Hall, and the time of ommencement will b 7 15 pm sharp During the function the pre ·ntation

4.4444444444444444444444

I Parish and society correspond- I i ents are requested to be as con- 5 i cise as possible in their reports, I :.:t!i'ture space will be strictly I re444444444 4444444444444444444444444444444444

of trophies won in th nt b tournaments w tke p All member· are urged t advertise this entertainment among their friends and endeavour to bring them along The ubscription is 3s each YOUNGMEN'SCLUB NOTES, Bus Trip to Serpentine

Conditions were ideal on Sunday lat when the Club held a very successful bu: trip to Serpentine, in conjunction with the Theresian and Highgate Tennis Clubs Almost one hundred members and friends (conveyed in two buses and several cars) took part, and they enjoyed the outing immensely

The chief attraction was the football match between the Subiaco CYMS and Theresians, which resulted in a rather easy victory for the latter We congratulate the winners, but warn them to look out next time

Another feature of the trip was the impromptu community concert, held after tea in the public hall The "amateur trials" were keenly contested, and after spirited voting Eddie Wright brought off the first prize from Don Kinear by his delightful piano solo A further outing will take place some time in July

Jottings.

The function conducted last Monday evening was a great success and was well patronised, A similar entertainment will be held in St, Joseph's Hall on Monday, June 10

It is rumoured that the Fremantle CY MS are again discussing the annual Marathon We would like to hear from them about it, as we are very keen to have this great attraction Members, don't forget your meeting on Tuesday, June 4, in St Joseph's Hall at 8 pm

MIDLAND JUNCTION

Annual Eucharistic Procession at Highgate Hill

DEVOTION to the Sacred Heart is strong amongst the parishioners of Highgate Hill. The annual novena n preparation for the Feast of the Sacred Heart, our patronal feast, has always been the big event in the life of the parish This year exceptionally large numbers are making the novena It is extremely edifying to see the large attendance at Holy Communion each morning at both Masses

To-morrow (Friday) morning the novena will conclude, and the uarant Ore devotions will begin with Solemn Mass at 7 o'clock On Saturday morning there will be Missa Cantata at 7

fremantle

St Joseph's Convent Ball

On Saturd.y last, at Fremantle, very successful sports day was held in aid of the forthcoming St Joseph's nvent Old Girls' Ball which will be held in the Town Hull on Wednesday, June 19. Arrangements are nearly fin alised for thi function and th c operation ot all ex-students is earnest Iy requested, Those living too far away to attend the ball, can still assist to show their appreciation of their Alma Mater by forwarding donations in ash or kind towards the supper, of whih Mrs Yench s again in charge

Contributions to the supper may be left at the Town Hall on June 19 or i thev ar intended for the children's ball on Jun 20, they may be left at the Convnt, or if you ring L2209 a ar will call on the day and collect cakes, trifles etc

Twentv debutantes will make their bow at the ball, so that it should be a most spectacular function Late tran port to the suburbs and to Perth will ensure that patrons will not be tranded, A further function to assist ball funds will be a monster bridge party,

o'clock, and on Sunday a Solemn High Mass will be sung at 10 o'clock The music at the Masses will be sung by the children from the schools

The Ouarant Ore will conclude on Sunday afternoon. The annual Eucharistic Procession will commence at 330 pm Benediction will be given in the Convent grounds and the devotions will conclude with Benediction in the Church

His Grace the Archbishop will officiate and carry the Blessed Sacrament in the procession

Visitors from other parishes are requested to march in the procession with the members of the parochial sodalities to be held at the Rendezvous on June 5 Ring the secretary and reserve a table, or come along and make up a table

The Sisters of St Joseph have been doing a great work in Fremantle for nearly a century To continue they need your help Help yourself to a good time, and at the same time help them by ttending their annual ball on June 19

Bunbury

Annual Bazaar due to the excellent manner in which the stallholder' committee is working that th community concerts at St Mary's School South Bunbury hav tablished them: lves so successully The energetic committee is to be thnked for organising and running thee functions each Tuesday Comortable chairs have been supplied nd a first-cla: stage provided The busy bee is persevering with its contract: to clean up the sch l ground and improve the buildin

The Bunbury (Little Flower Stall committee have lft no stone unturned keep up pace with other stalls A party was given by Mr and Mrs J H Kelly t their house in aid of this stall, and a vry large number, including Rev Father Farrelly, were present. Sunday Masses St, Patrick's: 7 and 930 am

Religious Holiday School,

The annual religious holiday hool for children living in the bush districts, was attended by 65 children, many of whom otherwise would never have had a chance of making their first Holy Communion or of being Confirmed

On Thursday, May 6, the great climax was reached when 30 children made their first Holy Communion, To seesomany children approach the altar rails for the first time more than compensates for the many hours of nstruction and work entailed Moreover one realises that were it not for the Bushies' Scheme many of them would never have such an opportunity

On Friday, May 17, His Grace the Archbishop administered the Sacrament of Confirmation to 45 children

Addressing the children, His Grace remarked on the appropriateness of the occasion being as it was within the octave of Pentecost Sundav At no time more than at present he said was there an urgent necessity for soldiers in Christ's army The ceremony was concluded by His Grace administering the pledge against Holy Name Society intoxicating drink, and this was follow

The members of the Holy Name So- ed by Pontifical Benediction ciety are reminded that Sunday, June Everything was done to make the 9 will be their monthly Communion children's stay as pleasant as possible Sunday A better attendance at Every night the boys had boxing evening devotions is desired matches, and during the day games Annual Ball. were organised

Arrangements for the annual ball are It is to be hoped that the parents well in hand The date Wednesday will co-operate in developingthe seeds June 19 is drawing near On Friday which have been sown during the evening a community concert will be Bushies' week, by seeing that their chi!held in the School in aid of the ball dren continue the correspondence funds Our popular conductor, Mr, course regularly P. Berrigan, will again direct the en- Rev. Father Cleary and the Sisters tertainment with Mrs J Brady at the wish to thank sincerely all parents who piano made donations of fruit and vegetables

Thursday, May 30, 1940

LATE MR T J. HUSSEY

Zealandia," New Zealand Ca tholic weekly, pays high tribute to this devoted Catholic gentleman, father ot Rev, G. Hussey of Highgate Hil: v+ The Church in Dunedin lost a pro- minent son through the death of Mr Thomas Joseph Hussey Mr Hussey was a native of Dunedin, where he was educated at the Christian Brothers' School On leaving school he enter ed commercial life, and for many years was employed by Messrs Mackerras and Hazlett, in which firm he rose from a junior employee to the highest posi tion in the staff Some years ago he left this firm and went into business on his own account by taking over control of the old-established Dunedin company known as W Taylor and Co A little over a year ago Mr Hussey retired from active business

His business interests were in no way ever allowed to interfere with his Church activities, and in this sphere he gave himself unstintingly throughout his long life As a young man he had a keen interest in youth and this showed itself by his association with all Catholic athletic activities He was the driving force in the St Joseph's Harriers and a prominent player in both Rugby and cricket Realising the excellent disciplinary force to be found in the cadet movement he was for several years an officer of the Old Hibernian Cadets, When the compulsory system of training was instituted he devoted himself as generously to the work of building up the territorial forces in his native city, and during the last war gave freely of his time t the home defence movement

Pinjarra

"RELATIONS WITH THE CHURCH ARE GOOD," STATES ITALIAN MINISTER.

"Relations between the ecclesiastical authorities and the Fascist hierarchy remain good both in the centre and on the fringes," declared Signor Buffarini, Secretary of State for the Interior in the Italian Chamber, early this month

"The new juridical and spiritual conditions that we have so eagerly sought as the Sovereign Pontiff recenly de clared concerning the Lateran Treaty -pervade all sections of the nationai life, wherever the Church and the State come into contact according to the obligatory necessary and opportune circumstances," said Signor Buffarini

'We must recognise that this has been made possible through the good will of the representatives of the religious and of the civil power towards the juridical obligations of the treaty they themselves have been able and willing to create

"They seek continually to support the appropriate spiritual atmosphere, which imposes in the wide field of colloboration a study of every means of rapprochement while intentionally avoiding points dealing exclusively with the doctrinal principles of the Catholic Church and of the Fascist State, which would be bound inevitably not to coincide perfectly,"

One social work in which he took an especial pleasure was that of th St Vincent de Paul Society and for many years he was president of the Particular Council of the society in Dunedin He was lso long actively associated with the Hibernian Society of which h was for a term president, and for ever.I y. r trut of the Dunedin branch. Ther» w hardly a Catholic inter· t with which he wa. not in some ci. ted a vratil cap:bl man, and u of anvthin underFor one who had claim: and uh d'p interet in sport it would not be expected th t he would be bl t. r ·rn himII much with culturl ·tivitis, but such was the charcter of the mon and hi: breadth of vision th. t h ·cted pportunity t support adwh. twver h for the h Churh nd hi r tive citv Thus for y ar he w a member o the St. Jo: ph's Men' Clul and t »k a prominent part in its dbating nd general literary interests, In addition he was gifted with a fine singing voice, and was for a long time member of the Liedertafel Society, now known a: the Royal Dunedin Mal Choir He was al a member of St. Jo ph's Cathedral Choir and for m time occupied the position of cnductor Mr Hussey enjoyed the fullest confidence of the Bishops and priests of Dunedin He was a member of the bo rd of directors of the New Zealand "T blet" for several trms and his last official appointment was that of vicepresident of the Dunedin City Catholic Education Trust Solemn Requiem Mass was offered at St Joseph's Cathedral The Right Rev J Whyte DD Bishop of Dunedin, presided at the throne, and there was a large attendance of city and suburban priests as well as the professors of Holy Cross College Mosgiel The music of the Mass was rendered by a choir of the Dominican Nuns The Cathedral was crowded In addition to the congregation's being truly representative of Dunedin Catholics, there were representatives of practically all Dunedin business houses, societies sports clubs and civic organisations Former business associates and directors of companies with which deceased had been associated were represented The prayers at the graveside were recited by Bishop Whyte Mr Hussey was predeceased by his wife nearly five years ago. He is survived by four daughters and one son One of his daughters has entered religion and his son is the Rev Gerald Hussey, of the diocese of Dunedin Father Hussey is at present loaned for temporary work in Western Australia The Church in Dunedin is the poorer for Mr Hussey's death, for throughout his life he was everything that could be desired: a Catholic faithful to his Church and to the noblest Christian traditions of his Irish forbears His life was a model one and whilst he lived to serve his God faithfully he was an exemplary citizen who never forgot that larger obligation of living for his fellowmen He lived for them by serving their practical needs, but he lived also for them bv the continual following out of a thoroughly Christian life teaching by strong silent example, leading others into similar practice and frequently recalling those who had become lax -R.I P

Thursday,

Metropolitan Social Council

Bro Burrowes presided over the meeting and delegates represented District Board, Leederville, East Victoria Park, Maylands, Highgate, Victoria Par St Patrick's, Bayswater, Midland, South Perth, Subiaco and Cottesloe It has been decided to hold a complimentary social at St Joseph's Hall, Subiaco, on Thursday, June 20, at which the District Board on behalf of all the members of the Hibernian Society, will make a presentation to Sr Williamson, in recognition for all the work she has done for this society

St Anthony's Branch, Midland Junction.

Sister E Laurisson presided over a well attended meeting on Monday, May 27 and extended a hearty welcome to the visitors from East Victoria Park Regret was expressed at the departure of Bro Codalonga, who has been transferred to Melbourne, and who was presented with a travelling rug as a parting gift from the members of the branch,

Final arrangements were made for Monday June 3, when the Highgate Branch will join with Midland Junetion in a picnic to Canning Dam

The secretary moved a vote of thanks to Bro Carey for the practical assistance he had given the branch in his capacity as a carpenter The president, whose remarks were seconded by the secretary congratulated members on their attendance at the quarterly Communion

At the conclusion of the meeting the team matches were played, resulting in a win for East Victoria Park in both the table tennis and the quoits.

The meeting on May 16 was hostessed by Misses Kath and Margaret Easton, at their home in North Perth It was well attended, and a pleasant evening was enjoyed by all members After the meeting games were played, and finally a very nice supper was served Next week will be the picture night and members are meeting in town at 7,30 pm to decide where we will go For the following week's meeting, Miss Peggy Knox has once again kindly offered her home to the members, and as most members have been to Peggy's place, they should not find it hard to reach For those who have not been there previously the address is No 30 Pennant-street, North Perth, and to get there, catch a No 22 tram, and get out at the terminus Peggy will be there the meet those whodo not know the way

CATHOLIC TENNIS ASSOCIATION

By "RON ' Shield Competition.

During last week-end the postponed round of matches involving the women's "B"' and C grades, were completed The third series of contests in the shield competition will be held on June 8 and 9, Players in the men's divisions are reminded that their matches commence now at 130 p.m and not at 2 pm Following were the results of last week's games: Women's Section, "B" Grade

Highgate No 1, 10 sets 84 games, beat Highgate No 2, 6 sets 66 games

St Joachim's 9 sets 73 games beat

St Brigid's, 7 sets 68 games. Theresian's, 13 sets 87 games, beat Nedlands, 3 sets 52 games

St Mary's No 1 13 sets beat St Mary's No 2 3 sets "C" Grade

Star of the Sea, 8 sets 79 games, beat Columba 8 sets 69 games

St Anthony's, 8 sets 75 games, beat

St Kevin's, 7 sets 72 games

St Brigid's, 12 sets 88 games, beat Theresian's, 4 sets 57 games

St Joachim's, 11 sets 82 games, beat

St Patrick's No 2, 3 sets 56 games Men's Division. "B" Grade

St Mary's, 9 sets85 games beat Nedlands 7 sets 72 games Association Ball

The Society will hold a meeting in the University Refectory Crawley on Tuesday, June 4, at 8 pm Rev Father J Fahey, DS0, will lecture on Social and Economic Problems."

Executive Meeting

The monthly meeting of the executive will be held in the League Rooms at 230 pm on Tuesday, June 4 Catholic Ball.

Intendins debutantes may communicate with Mr Maxwell (B2911) or Mrs Noonan (B4735) The first practice for the debutantes will take place in the Cathedral HI1 on Sunday June 2 at 10.30 a.m Miss I Grant will be in charge and wishes the young ladies to bring their partners

Annual Meeting

The annual meeting was held in the Cathedral Hall on Tuesday, May 28 His Grace the Archbishop presided over a good attendance, A full report will appear in next week's issue of this paper

Lost

Two silk aprons were left in the Cathedral Hall during a week-end, when the League was engaged with the reception to soldiers If anyone has found them will he or she return to the League headquarters at Sheffield House

Cathedral Branch

The monthly meeting will take place at 8 pm on Monday June 3, at the Cathedral Hall Rev Father Johnston has kindly consented to be preent so will all members make a special efort to come.

Old Ionians' Association

On Friday, June 21, the Old Ionians' " Association will conduct its third annual ball at Anzac House An enthusiastic committee has arrangements well in hand and from all reports the ball should be the outstandng social function of the year All exstudents and their friends are cordially Invited to be present and thereby do their part towards making the ball, which is the association's big effort of the year, a success Those desirous of obtaining tickets (6/6 each) are asked to ring Mrs E Farrant (B8003) or Miss Mary Leunig (B1937

S.I C Football

On Sunday last the fixtures of the Moora Football Association were held

The College engaged Moora in the last game of the first round As both teams were undefeated, a good game was expected Nor were the numerous supporters of both teams disappointed

Winning the toss, Moora elected to kick towards the river end of the ground favoured by a slight breeze

Right from the start the pace was on The game see-sawed between the haltback lines, but owing to the greater accuracy of the College kicking they finished the first quarter with a slight lead, the scores being: 30 to 12

During the second term the College maintained their accuracy in kicking and were able to retain their lead throughout the term Although both teams were playing open, fast football, the Moora forwards spoilt many promising moves by crowding on the forward area, The quarter ended with the College ' goals and Moora, I goal 8 behinds

After the long spell the pace began to tell on some of the visitors They found the College boys too slippery to hold Shortly after the commencement of this term the sequence of goals was broken by Patterson who shot from a very acute angle Nearly all of Moora's attacks were held up by the sterling defence of Lardi and Readat centre half-back The player to shine for College was Brown at centre halfforward The quarter ended with the scores 9 goals 1 behind to I goal 9 behinds, in the College favour

The final quarter was dourly fought out by the backs of both sides, and scoring was kept down Headland, for Moora, was a tower of strength and sent the ball forward frequently, only to find Lardi and Read blocking the passage to the goals The game ended in the College favour by II goals 4 behinds to 2 goals 12 behinds It was difficult to fault any player on the College side but outstanding work was done by Lardi, Keane, Read, Brown. Prosser and Patterson; while Moora was best served by Headland and Tobin, followed by Byrne Fairclough and Brown

Friday evening, June 7, will usher in the 1940 Catholic Tennis Association Ball This year Anzac House Ballroom will be the venue, and there is every indication that the attendance will be up to the standard of previous years However, the social committee would like to see everyone present on this occasion, and requests that every club executive rally its members together and organise a party and fill the loges that have been booked The price of admission is 6s single, being payable at the door Excellent catering has been arranged, and with several added attractions, this year's Association function should outdo its predecessors AustralianCarnival.

The annual Australian Catholic Tennis Carnival will be conducted in Sydney from December 25 to January 2

The return rail fare hotel accommodation, etc, for any WA member will amount to £21 11s 2d The organisers in Sydney have already arranged an excellent programme and it is expected that the season's ticket" will not amount to more than £2 10s commodation has been booked for all interstate visitors to stay at the Hotel Sydney, which is situated opposite the Central Railway Station, Association members who are interested in the carnival trip are requested to communicate with the hon secretary of the WACLTA (B8616) as soon as possible

Following is the tentative draft drawn up by the Carnival organisers: December 25,-Morning: Arrival of visitors Mid-day: Dinner to be arranged Afternoon: Harbour excursion on "Showboat" Evening: Impromptu concert,

December 26-Morning and afternoon: Matches at White City Evening: Dance at Island Dance Hall or Clifton Gardens. December 27-Morning and afternoon: Matches at White City Even- I ing: Theatre party at Prince Edward, to be followed by supper at Hotel Carlton December 28 -Morning and afternon Free Evening Official dinner and dance at Mark Foy's Empress Rooms, December 29.-Morning: Special Mass at St Mary's Basilica. Leave immediately for National Park; lunch and tea at Trust House; boating, tennis, hiking, swimming Return to Sydney at 930 pm

December 30-Morning and afternoon: Matches at White City Evening: Free December 31 Morning: Free Afternoon: Matches at White City and presentation of trophies at 5 30 pm December 31 9 30 pm to 3 am: New Year's Ball at Paddington Town Hall.

This entertainment list is not finalised as there are still a few items to be fitted in Card Evening.

Members are requested to reserve Friday, June 28, for a card evening, to be held by the social committee in the Association headquarters, Bacton House Admission will be 1/6 gents, 1/- ladies Special prizes will be given, More details will be available later

Tit-Bits of Interest-

The social committee intends conducting a grand community concert in the Highgate parish hall shortly

Do you remember the successful stopwatch competition organised last year? Well another similar competition is being arranged!

The next meeting of the social committee will take place in Baeton Hall on Wednesday, June 19, at 8 pm All members are requested to attend Theresian Club

The picnic held in conjunction with Subiaco CY M,S and Highgate Cub, was, in every way an outstanding social success The football match resulted in a narrow victory for our team

This was due to our brilliant high marking and rugged play The women's relay race resulted in a victory for Highgate Congratulations!

Secretary Ray Forbes is at present confined to his bed stricken with measles We trust we will hear his cheery voice on the courts very shortly

Another social evening will take plc~ in the near future Miss Eileen Wil loughby is at present enjoying a wellearned holiday in the country Members are urged to attend the Association Ball, to be held at Anzae House on Friday June 7 Be in the club party

Trade in your old Racket and receive 20/- allowance at Ted Taylor's Sports Store, London Court

EUROPE IS TOO MUCH

Father Cyril Lefevere, a veteran Scheut missionary, of Suiyan, China, who left last July for his first European holiday in 35 years has returned to his mission before his year's leave is up A whole year seemed too long to him and home-sickness for his mission drove him to get leave to go back early

CROSTONIn loving memory of my nephew Denis John Francis who departed this life on May 30, 1939, at the age of 15 R I P -Inserted by B Croston, IN MEMORIAM DWYER-Of your charity pray for the repose of the soul of our brotherin-law, P Dwyer, who died on May 27, 1937 -Inserted by Tenton family

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On

Nationalism

By CHRISTOPHER DAWSON

Nationalism By a Study Group of the Royal Institute of International Affairs Oxford University Press 12s 6d

THIS el,Lbor:1te study of Nationalism in the modern world is a good example of the merits and defects of the system of organised group study which is being so widely developed at the present time It is obviously an advantage to be able to call on the help of a number of experts, with special knowledge of different aspects of the problem, but this advantage is outweighed by the blurring of outlines and the absence of organic unity winch is the ir.evable result of the on'lation of so many different views, so that on cannot but feel that each of the distinguished contributors would have written a better and a more interesting book than all of them together have done In part, however, these defects are due to the nature of the subject itself For more than a century men have fought and argued passionately for the cause of Nationalism, but they have seldom stopped to think what Nationalism was, save in relation to the particular political issues that it involved

The French Nationalism of Barere and that oi Barres, the German Nationalism of Fichte and that of Hitler,[ the Russian Nationalism of the Slavophils and that of the Stalinists, the Italian Nationalism of Mazzini and that of Mussolini Indian Nationalism

Welsh Nationalism, French-Canadian Nationalism, Chinese Nationalism-in this idealogical and ethnological tohubohu it is hard to find any common principle except the general tendency of communities to self assertion, self affirmation or self preservation

There is it is true, a definite ideology of Nationalism which arose in Western Europe at the beginning of the nineteenth century and which can be isolated and studied like any other movement of ideas, and this ideology has in a greater or less degree influenced all the various nationalist movements to which I have referred But this idealogy can attach itself to entirely different types of social organism: to whole civilisation as in the case of China and India, to a small nnguistic group as in Wales and French Canada, to an imperial state as in Russia, or to a multilingual society which is an historical growth like Switzerland All these are capable of becoming nationally conscious, under the influence o1 the nationalist ideology, but though they all feel themselves to be nations, they are not nations in the same sense of the word and a comparatively small historical change might have caused the national consciousness to express itself through a different channel Thus, for example in India the rise of Nationalism is closely associated with the unity imposed from without by the British Raj, and if this factor had not intervened it is possible that

the nationalist idealogy would have attached itself to linguistic units, such as the Mahrattas or the Bengalis, rather to India as a whole-a development which would of course have been more analagous to that of Nationalism in Europe

The case of India is however exceptional: it is the outer limit of a development which had its centre and origin in Western Europe, and it is only by the study of the European development that any understanding of the nature of Nationalism can be reached It is true that the roots of Nationalism lie deep in history and in human nature Ii the peoples of antiquity were not nations in our sens o the word, it is impossible to deny them a certain national character When Herodotus asserts the duty of loyalty "to the bond of the Hellenic race by which we are of one blood and speech, the common temples of the gods and the common sacrifices, the manners of life which are the same for all," he comes very near to affirming the existence of Hellenic nationality,

The one essential element that wa missing was political unity which found its classical expression in the city state which was only transcended by the supernational imperialism of the Hellenistic and Roman empires

Hence the possibility of a true national development did not emerge till the Middle Ages with the rise of the European monarchies, which almost from the beginning had a quasi national character and which under favourable circumstances, a: in France and England, developed into true nation-states The nation-tate had in fact, become the political ideal to which every European monarchy aspired long before the appearance of Nationalism in it modern form and the latter was due above all to the attraction which this achieved ideal exercised on peoples which posessed national culture and self consciousness but which had failed to attain political unity It was not, however, until the French Revolution had challenged the vested interests of the territorial and dynastic monarchy and had asserted the rights of man and the freedom of peoples that the nationalist idealogy became one of the dominant forces in European society It i therefore intimately connected with the parallel movement of democraey and Liberalism, though the cireumstances of its origin in Germany caused it to ally itself with the forces of the old regime which were carrying on the struggle against the French hegemony in Europe It may even seem that there are two rival nationalist idealogies which have been in conflict throughout modern times: a conservative Nation lism which was the creation of German romanticism, and a democratic Nationalism based on the rights of man and popular plebiscites which was the creation of the French Revolution In fact, however, the two types of Nationalism are inextricablv mixed The founders of the cult of Nationalism in Germany, such as Fichte, F von Schlegel and Gorres, ad themselves been ardent di: iples of the French Revolution, while the liberal and democratic Nationalism of the nineteenth century was deeply influenced bv the ideas of the German philosophers and historians of the Napoleonic age Thus the Nationalism which has pread from Europe all over the world during the last century and a quarter was from the beginning a rather unstable compound of different el mcnts It has not been sufficiently recognised that Nationalism and democracy are so closely connected that thev are two sides of the same social vement How far Nationalism can rvive democracy or democracy Nationalism is a problem that is still undecided The attempt to create a world order of democratic nation-states -the League of Nationshas made shipwreck on the rocks of intransigent Nationalism But we have no reason to suppose that an anti-democratic and totalitarian Nationalism will prove any more successful On the contrary, tae fate of Czecho-Slovakia and Poland and the Baltic States suggests that ttalitarianism is as great a danger to the principle of nationality as it is to democracy, The ultimate goal towards which totalitarianism aspires is not the nation-

CENTRAL CATHOLIC LIBRARY

PIER STREET

36

• The Commander Shall " By Humfrey Jordan "

Those who have read and enjoyed Humfrey Jordan's "Anchor Comes back"' and "Sea Way Only," will welcme this addition to the shelves ol the library It is one of his first novels and commands as much attention as any of his later books

The Commander Shall" the title is taken from the shipping regulations be ginning thus brings home to the reader the multiplicity of duties and responsibilities pertaining to the position of commander of ps enger liner He must be prepared for every contingeney, must act as his discretion dietates, but must always keep within the limits prescribed by what the commander shall be expected to do, Many unforeseen incidents occur which test to the limit and 'Toby's" ingenuity and knowledge and appliction of maritime regulations The acting ship's surgeon suspects an outbreak of measleswhat must he do?

Isolation and preventative measures agreed upon much to the distate of ne of the compsny's directors on board, how does the commander react to the information that the measures taken were all unnecesary?

The board is intent on profits at a period when pas: ngers and cargo are scarce but they do not realie the momentous decisions which the commander must make in order to ensure the safety of, and the harmony amongt, hi: pa: ngersdecisions which may well be reflcted in fewer passengers and less cargo

This story is very convincingly told and full of the real feeling f life; in fart, one parts from it very reluctmntly Few whread thi: ch rming novel will fail tc appreciate the difficulties which be vet the commander f a large passener Iner P M

• "The Viaduct." By Alan Gould.

This novel, of the light romantic type, provides good recreational reading for the admirers of light novels

The literary style is good and with one possible exception, the plot is well worked out This exception occurs about two-thirds way through the book, where anyone can gues what the conclusion of the book will be; but even this weakness does not spoil the plot altogether, as the means of attaining the end are still hidden from the reader The setting of the book is Cornwall of 1870, England is in the throes of industrial expansion and mechanisation, and the railway is being extnded through the country The work in this section of the country is being done under the watchful eye of an engineer named John Seabright, Seabright is a man imbued with the nineteenth century craze for material progress and efficiency, even his care for his men being occasioned by that same craze rather than by any motives of Christian charity The story of the book is really the story of how he overcame both the difficulties which confronted him as an engineer and also those which arose from the conservative attitude of the country people

The story, of course, concludes on the usual note of romance and happiness with the girl of his choice-J J OM

state but world empire, and if demo cracy disappears it is probable that the nation-state will disappear also, as in the ancient world political freedom and the city-state went down together before the world empire of a deified autocrat-"The Tablet"

Thursday, May 30, 1940

NINETEEN

Catholic Missions

• ID Scandinavia

As they pass the lonely Faroe Islands, crews of Scottish fishing smacks navigating stormy seas of the North Atlantic, oftentimes catch a glimpse of the majestic Gothic ruins of the Danish Cathedral of Kirkebo outlined against a dark and lowering sky The vision of this unfinished fane supplies the key to the religious background of the Scandinavian peoples Well under way on the eve of the Reformation, the construction of Kirkebo Cathedral was abandoned owing to the spread of the New Gospel of Martin Luther Not far from this noble but incomplete monument to the glory of God stands a modest stone church which ever since the sixteenth century has served the purpose of Protestant worship In Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and Finland the Catholic religion was once a living force moulding the lives of the people Political causes led at the close of the Middle Ages to the imposition of the Lutheran faith. Today the Reformed Religion is proving but a weak and ineffectual dyke to stem the tide of rationalism and infidel ity

However a ray of sunlight may be discerned in this tragic and gloomy picture The early symptoms of a Catholic revival are becoming apparent in certain parts of Scandinavia Catholic missionary work, it is true, was rebegun in the northern lands only in fairly recent times. Before the early decades of the nineteenth century it was prohibited by law Some consoling headw y has been made during the past ffty years.

Face to face with a total Protestant population estimated at approximately 16,000,000, Catholics in Denmark, Iceland, Norwy, Sweden and Finland number only 31,924 Their spiritual needs are cared for by a mi ion personnel of 1,830 priests, brothers and nuns, belonging to large variety of missionary ongregations. Conversions are few; only 12 adult baptisms were registered during the year ending June 30, 1939. Baptisms of children during the same period totalled 518 Catechumens undergoing instruction in the faith amount to 98. Scandinavian Catholics are served by 23 churches and 128 chapels Catholic social welfare organisations are in a flourishing condition Official reports reveal 0 hospitals with accommodation for from three to four thousand in-patients; 20 orphanages with 370 children; 11 old folks' home with 192 inmtes; 50 elementary schools with 2329 pupils and five secondarv schools with 1,035 students, No Catholic printing establishment exists, but 15 Catholic periodicals of various types circulate in the Scandinavian countries Ecclesiastically the territory comprises the Vicariates of Denmark, Iceland, Sweden, Finland and Oslo, while Central and Northern Norwav are constituted apart as "ecclesiastical districts"

BENEFICIENT INFLUENCE OF CATHOLIC CHIEFS IN URUNDI

AFRICA

The great stream of conversions among the Barundi people began long ago with a small trickle of humble, unassuming folk. To-day the local chiefs, who by their traditions and habits of life form the corner-stone of the social structure, are caught up in the current Soon they will be directing its course

Three years ago in Ruanda and Urundi, out of a total of 107 great chiefs, 88 were Catholics The 19 who are still pagans are already beginning to wonder whether their position is sound Although they may not have as yet the moral courage to put away their extra wives and ignore the witch do tors they are sending their children to the mission schools When they die their power will very likely pass into Christian hands. Among the lesser chiefs, out of a total of 1,763 in 1937, Catholics numbered 1272 adherents of various Protestant denominations 26, and pagans 465 The influence of these Catholic chieftains is of great value to the White Fathers working in this part of Africa, for owing to their position thev give a Christian tone to the whole village life in the districts here thev exercise their patriarchal era

Five Chinese Ordained in Kansu.

So many non-Christians as well as Christians came to witness the ordination of five new Chinese priests by the Most Rev Salvator Walloser, O.MCap. Vicar Apostolic of Tsinchow that not only the pro-Cathedral but the entire courtyard in front of the building was crowded After the ceremony the newly ordained were kept busy till noon giving their first blessings, which were solicited also by not a few nonChristians Most of the city officials sent congratulatory messages and a number of them were present when the new priests celebrated their first Masses in the pro-Cathedral The sermon on the latter occasion was delivered by Father Sixtus Cheng, the first Chinese Capuchin of the Tsinchow Vicari te Four of the newly ordained belong to Tsinchow and one to the neighbouring Pinliang Prefecture

NEGRO BISHOP CONSECRATED BY POPE RECEIVES ROYAL WELCOME IN AFRICA.

The return to Uganda oi the Most Rev, Joseph Kiwanuka, who was consecrated Vicar Apostolic of Masaka and titular Bishop of Thibica by Pope Pius XII last October, proved the occasion of touching demonstrations of respect and affection Bishop Kiwanuka and Archbishop Streicher paid official visits to the Regent of Buganda and the British Gov ernor of the Protectorate Sir Philip Mitchell. Aiter this they parted company, Archbishop Streicher turned his steps to the Ibanda Mission, where he has been living in retirement since he resigned control of the Vicariate in 1934, while Bishop Kiwanuka proceeded to his own Vicariate of Masaka where an enthusiastic welcome of the first order awaited him

The official receptions in honour of the Black Bishop lasted three days They began March 2 with a brilliant open-air reception in the square in front of Rubaga Cathedral, attended by more than 400 special guests the majority of them being blacks It was graced by the presence of His Royal Highness King Mutesa II, the Queen Mother Irene the Regents the Royal Ministers and the twenty Chiefs of the Province, of whom eight are Catholics, ten Protestants and two Moslems

Other guests were: Sir Philip and Lady Mite·hell Mr Cox, the local Resident, the Most Rev Francis X Lacoursiore, Vicar Apostolic of Rwenzori, the Most Rev John Roosinck and the Anglican missionary Bishops of Mombasa and N mirombo

The following morning, as Bishop Kiwanuka pontificated for the first time in his native country, the Cathedral was too small to contain the throng of worshippers The Bishop, assisted at the altar by two Negro priests, preached a moving sermon At the conclusion of the Mass, all present, following the example of King Mutesa, knelt to receive the Bishop's blessing

After the ceremony, in the square facing the Cathedral, the Regent Raoul Kiwanuka, Chief Justice of Uganda, presented the Bishop on behalf of the people, with a motor car, which will be of great service to him as he makes his pastoral visits During the banquet that followed Bishop Michaud, on behalf of the White Fathers working in Uganda, offered Bishop Kiwanuka a magnificent chalice

The next day King Mutesa held an official reception for Bishop Kiwanuka at the Royal Palace of Mengo, the first reception to be held there since the death of the late King Chwa II Besides the Princes and Princesses of the Roval Family and the British authorities, some hundred personalities were present. Without distinction of race or creed, Catholics, Protestants, Moslems and pagans joined in doing fitting honour to the first Black Bishop of Uganda

On March 6 Bishop Kiwanuka made his triumphal entry into Kitovu, near Misaka, where he will take up his residence When after a few months the episcopal palace is completed, Bishop Kiwanuka will occupy apartments there, while venerable Archbishop Streicher will leave his retirement at Tbanda and come to live near Bishop Kiwanuka at Villa Maria, so as to end hi davs, as he himself expresses it, amongst his dear children.

U S STUDENTS WANT FILM OF FATHER DUDLEY'S BOOK?

Father Owen Dudley's novel "The Masterful Monk," has been chosen by Catholic high school students throughout the U SA as the best book by a Catholic author they would like to see on the screen Another of his books, Pageant of Life," was chosen for third place Father Dudley is shortly to issue a new novel, The Tremaynes and the Masterful Monk "

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West Perth v South Fremantle, at W A CA

Swan Districts v Subiaco at Bassendean,

East Fremantle v, Perth, at Fremantle

East Perth v. Claremont, at Subiaco Monday's Game.

East Perth v Perth, at Subiaco

Recorder" selects West Perth Subiaco, East Fremantle, East Perth, and Perth to win Brieflets

West Perth won well against Claremont, who threw away golden opportunities in the first quarter, when the wind was at its strongest Winning Wests were a fairly even combination, but probably the best was "Spike" Pola, who battled unceasing Tyson with six goals was very useful, while Max Tetley was very solid in defence

Claremont had no better player than Hooper who roved very cleverly and kicked four goals Heusler on the

By "RECORDER."

hali-forward lines was also a very effective player starring with high marking and long kicking George Doig was in great form against Subiaco, as his twelve goals testify His work was without blemish and this striking of his very best form augurs well for the future success of the team

Shea, though not at his best physically, was Souths' best He made ex cellent use of the ball when he got it, and therein ly his value to his side

A gteat display at centre full-back was given by Ritchie Thomas of East Perth He turned numerous Southern attacks by his brilliant dashes from the goal-mouth and kicked in to the best advantage Swans made a game of it with Perth On account of losses from last season's representation, and injuries to players sustained this season, Swans are having a rough time They are going after local juniors, and should soon build up again

Dave McNamara.

One of the gre: test players ever of our national game was Dave McNamara, who still follows the game very closely Last season he was President of St. Kilda (Vie), a club for which he played many brilliant games, He w 6it 3lin in height, and was the greatest kick that ever played the game One of his kicks was measured and found to be 93 vards! He played aginst thi State in the fir·t ' rnival in 1908 at Melbourne Our players did very well but could not beat the Victorian When asked in what respect were the Westralians inferior in their football to Victorians, the WIA manger replied· "In the first place, in the matter of weight, and in the second, high marking Fancy trying to beat McNamara, for instance Imagine a strong iron frame of 6ft 3in. broad in proportion and carrying something under 15st of fatless bone and muscle Imagin this structure propelled by a cyclonic running power and the leaping capacity of a greyhound, and you have a fair picture of the young Goliath f Victorian football "

That was the impression created in the minds of the Westralians by Dave McNamara The deeds of this cham pion moved some of his admirers to poetry, of which the following is an example: And then that glorious champion

particular

of the eartn Renowned from

and

his

His

His dashes

· He's the

of the

The Emp'ror of the

A1 Grade Fremantle 2 goals defeated O quinians I; the goals for the winners being hit by H Young, and for the losers by Lang Hackett In the A2 Grade, Saint Ildephonsus was beaten by OId Haleians 3-I The winner"' goal-hitter was Hancock (3) while Leo Wood scored for Saints ' In this grade Old Guildfordians in flited a crushing defeat on Old Aquininns 10-1 For the winners, Southwood (3), Eastman (3), Woodrffe (2) Anders n and Reid hit the goals, while McNamara hit the losers' solitary goal In the BI Grade there wa a lrawn me betwen 'Saints"' and Engineers, I-all Haynes hit the goal r Saints and Mile for Engineers

(Concluded)

Improving with ach day's training, Major Tylor defeated a good sprinter n Vanden Boon in a match event and Freol and Elegaard went under to him in a three-cornered event, the points being: Taylor, 8; Fri1, 6 and EIlegaard, 4

Then he counted fr Friol and EIlegaard in match races, He then announced that he was finished with racing but the lure of the track was irresivtible H came back to Boston, U.SA., where he was «gain matched with Ivor Lawson but the latter was

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too good for him, winning two heats Taylor met Fogler in similar events, and won two events Europe called again, and Taylor there met Ellegaard, but evidently the Major had not struck form, for he was beaten not only by Ellegaard, but Poulain beat him in a three-cornered match

Continual racing, however, was making him hard, and his next opponent, the famous Jacquelin was defeated in easy fashion His improvement continued, with the result that he showed the best form of his great career In turn he defeated Vanden Boon twice Walter Ruth, Ellegaard, Schilling and Friol One of the most important events he won was the Visitors' Prize Going on to Italy he proved to be in unbeatable form He again raced in France at the beginning oi 1909, but he was out of condition, and was defeated several times before he struck form to win a I0-mile scratch race and a match against Victor Dupre, 1909 world's champion That was his last appearance in Europe Back in his home country, he figured in a sensational race against the Australian "Jackie Clark" It was at Salt Lake City andan immense crowd turned out to see the match Clark won the first heat, and Taylor the second In the third Taylor again finished first, but it was declared "no race.'' The stewards said that Taylor hadinterfered with Clark Taylor was indignant and refused to race again, andthe verdict was awarded to Clark Taylor's next oponent was Floyd McFarland, whom he beat in two out of three heats, and that was Taylor's last successful season He was on hand in Salt Lake City at the commencement of the 1910 season but showed nothing like his old form Clark and Taylor beat him in matches, and in a three-cornered match he finished second to Clark with Don Walker third, Clark again beat him in a fourcornered match, the other riders being Lawson and Walker Round about 1911 he planned another trip to Australia, but when training in America, prior to embarking, he fell heavily and sustained concussion of the brain, and was in a bad way for several weeks His career on the track was ended. So finished one of the greatest sprinters the world has ever seen, and he has been acclaimed as the cleverest of all time During his visits to Australia, it was most interesting to see the efforts of the Australians in trying to "pocket'' him It was seldom that he was trapped His cute eye, and his electric jump nearly always got him out of difficulties, He had a perfect seat on his machine and his easy, perfect pedalling was an object lsson to young riders

Boxing

Jack Dempsey's Greatest Fight, (Concluded)

Sitting in hiscorner at the end of the econd round, Jack Dempsey was questioned by his chief second as to how he felt, and the answer was: "Good" Year afterwards Jack confessed that he felt anything but "good," but he didn't want his second to know how badly that Willard punch had shaken him "Go out and finish him" said the second

The bell clanged, and Demosey went into action with both fists flying He hit Willard everywherehard blows frst left, then right, and not once did he miss the big target Willard was reeling and staggering about He couldn't see out of one eye at all, and very little out of the other He didn't know where the punches were coming from but he bravely took them one by one, pile-driving smehee to this side of the jaw to that side of the jaw under the heart. over the heart in the pit of the stomach back to the jaw, back to the bodyand 187 pounds of power in every swing

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In the first round Dempsey had flattened Willard seven times In the second he stood up, and in the third, despite Dempsey's terrible offensive, Wilard did not go down No man in the ring ever took greater punishment -no man ever could, or will YesWillard could take it

As that third round ended, every eye was turned on Willard He was hardly able to walk and his second hurried to help him to his seat He was reeling, dizzy, and a sick man

Dempsey was closely watching Willard as his seconds attended him He had hit Willard everywhere that the rules permitted, and with every ounce of power that he had Yet the big chap stood up to it all in that terrific third round

Then suddenly the close watchers saw Willard's mouth open, saw an expression of intense pain settle on his face He seemed to haye stomach pains, and his seconds massaged him irantically

A towel sailed into the ring Willard was still suffering intensely He was gasping for breath He turned from the ring and was violently sick

There are men who to-day tell you that Jess Willard quitin his fight when he lost the world's championship He didn't quit He was a very brave, plucky fighter No pugilist over the years took the awful punishment that he did He did not face up for that fourth round because he was absolutely physically incapable of doing so as much so as if he had two broken legs Anyway, colourful Jack Dempsey has described it as 'The Greatest Pight of My Career"

Trotting

There will be a meeting at Gloucester Park on Saturday It will be a seven-event programme, opening with the Breeders' Handicap, Ii miles The other races will be over I mile 5 furlongs Three are for the 221 class, two for the 27, and one for the 2 13 class This last-mentioned event is the High Class Handicap, for which 1 have been allotted marks, the backmarkers being Earl Pronto, 72 bhd-, and Grand Mogul, 84 bhr

Racing

There will be a two-days' meeting at the coming week-end at Headquarters

The programme, with an early (before the weights) "both-ways" tip is given below:

June Handicap: Kerlion, Flying Handicap: Treleen Winter Handicap: Amalette

Roe Stakes: Lady Agrion

Suburban Handicap: Kronos BITS FROM THE EAST

I wouldn't like to say that any of the locals in the first "leg'' would beat the South Australians Dominor and First Brigade, unless it be Bridge of Dee

The steeple position, so far as we are concerned, is better; Bully Hayes and Imitari are definite chances Bully Hayes having proved himself, and Imitari a hurdle winner at Flemington, having made rapid headway at 'chasing

There are 76 entrants for the VRC Grand National Hurdles, and 78 for the Steeplechase, the total for the two races being one more than last year Pooley Bridge, winner of the 1936 G N Hurdles is in both races as is Padishah, a good performer in Ma riland W, Burke, trainer of iast year's winning double, has Giant Killer, Druspear and Bozzago in the Hurles and Green Cape, Druspear, Giant Kil]er, Nevizes, Peep o' Day, and Strathian in the Steeplechase Another trainer with strong representation is D S McCormick, with Mamillius Dark David Atitcus and Kevastar in the Hurdles. and Dark David, Sea King, and Kevastar in the SteeplechasePilot."

Sydney-trained candidates for the Grand National HurdleBlackie Mil ler, Jack Mac, Spearbine, Mag Mort, and Kerry Oayare doing a sound preparation Whether they are as good as the Melbourne jumpers remains to be seen The Clubman"

J. W. SHEEHAN

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THE RECORD

A LITURGICAL CAT€CHIM

OUR BLESSED LADY

Q What are the most ancient feasts of Our Blessed Lady?

IA The Nativity (8th September), the Annunciation (25th March), and the Assumption (15th, August)

The date of the Feast of the Annunciation (called at one time the "Conceptio Christi,'' the Conception of Christ) has been determined by the date of Christmas, the Birthday of Our Lord

Q How does the Church honour the Mother of God throughout the year?

A Allowing for an inevitable overlapping of events the Church presents to us the drama of Our Lady's life in its entirety and in its chronological order from her Immaculate Conception (8th December) to her Assumption

Q Trace in brief outline the movement of that drama

A From the first moment of herConception Our Lady, through the foreseen merits of her Divine Son, was freed from the stain of original sin, and the Church rejoices in this singular privilege: "Thou art the glory of Jeru-

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salem Thou art fair, O Mary, and the stain original s not in thee" (Gradual) Mary is, thus the model of purity, and we pray in the Collect that we made pure by her intercession may attain to God."

Her Nativitv is said to e the "beginning of salvation' (Collect), Hier Presentation in the Temple when she made a vow of perpetual virginity is celebrated on 21st Nov On the Feast of the Annunciation the burden of the Mass is the Angelic salutation, "Hail (Mary) full of grace, he Lord is with thee" (the Gospel and the Offertory) Closely related to the events of the Annunciation is the Feast of the Visitation (2nd July), commemorating her

WThursday, May 30, 1940

Our Lady's Devotion.

E do not doubt that the life of the Blessed Virgin was cen tred in Jesus No pen sketch of Mary is complete unless lightened and enlivened by some reference to het Divine Son But somehow we always picture the Immaculate Mother in the familiar background of Bethlehem Nazareth, or Jerusalem in company wi h her Divine Son or following in His footsteps Seldom do we call to mind the long years of Mary's lite after Christ's ascension into heaven Yet during this time her life more closely resembled our present condition In those years for her as in these times for us, the centre of life was the Blessed Sacrament Artists have endeavoured to catch the mystery of Mary's eucharistic contemplation It is not a common theme: the problem is difficult Yet, the Catholic imagination with facile brush and full palette never tires in the attempt to paint for the mind the ecstatie union of the Blessed Mother and her Divine Son in the Sacramentof His love

visit to her cousin, St Elizbeth, und the inspired utterance of the "Magnificat" (Gospel)

Her Compassion is celebrated on the Frid..y of Pas sion Week, so that in company with Mary we may stand at the foot f th 're The Sequence of this Mas, St.bat M ter Dolorosa,' At the Cr her station keeping, stood the mournful mother weeping" is a: ribed to Jacopone da Todi a Francican It fin path and exquisite tendernes are singularly appropriate to Passiontide

EMU BITTER

The summer palliative, to Nearly time to change from

PENGUIN STOUT

and thus ward off winter's ills and chills

There is a second F at of the Seven Dolour a: signed to 15th. September, which owes it ri in t the Order of the Servite: of Mary It was extendd t the universal Church by Pope Pius VII on the occasion of his liberation from captivity under Napoleon I When the earthly life of Our Lady wa: over she was asumed into Heaven end the Church celebrates her glorious triumph in probably the oldest of her feast, on the I5th August, the Feast of the Assumption The Introit bids us all rejoice in the Lord ·lebrating a festal day in honour of the Blessed Vir gin Mary, for whose A. umption the Angels rejoice and give praise to the Son of God "Rejoice that she reigneth for ever with Chrit" (Antiphon of the Mgnificat)

Q Why is the Gospel of Martha and Mary chosen for the Feast of the Assumption?

A Martha represents the active life, Mary M. ;dalen the contemplative, and Mary th Mother of God is the most perfet example of both the active and the contempl tive life This is the more comraon explanation recent riter in the "Ephemerides Theologicae Lovaniensis" (Jan,, 1926) suggests another:

What must have ben the fervour of th Immaculate Mother at the celebra. tion of the Lord's Supper after Christ s Ascension? Who will deny her a place close, oh! very close, to the ministering Apostle? How eagerly she waited for the words of consecration! Ah, the flood of memories that overwhelms her as they are whispered low and cler from the trembling lips of the Apostle! "This is my Body." That Body first formed within her own by the power of the Holy Spirit; nursed and cressed by her in the terder years of infancy guarded and guided in boyhood and early manhood That body so cruelly trented and torn b whips and thorn, nails and spear, now li upon th tble where a mome nt before wa bread This is the chalice of My Blood " Blood of her blod, first shed in the circumcision and then so visshly poured out on Calvary, now in the cup i held where but a moment before the ruddy wine sparkled in the flickering lamplight. How her ul must have hungerd, a painful gnawing hunger for the moment C mmunion. And then her Com-

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This Gospel extract was long regarded as sp ially appropriate to Holy Women and more particularly to Virgin: from the word, 'Mry hath chos en the best part,'' ie, ttally dedicated hers lf to God The opening words of the Epistle apply to virginity too "I shall abide in the inheritance of the Lord," being a mystic commentary on the words, "best part."

Hence the pericope was specially proper to the Virgin of Virgins and was chosen for her Assumption from an ancient belief dating back to the 2nd century in the association of moral incorruption and physical incorruption

Q Mention some other remarkable feasts of Our Lady?

A The Feast of the Holy Name of Mary (12th, September) established in thanksgiving for the victory over the Turks outside Vienna (12th September, 1683)

The Solemnity of the Most Holy Rosary (7th October), established by St. Pius V in thanksgiving for the victory of Lepanto (7th, October, 1571)

The Commemoration of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel (16th. July), the Feast of the Brown Scapular

The Apparition of the Blessed Mary Immaculate (1th. February)-the Feast of Our Lady of Lourdes commemorates the first of the eighteen apparitions of Our Blessed Lady to Blessed Bernadette in 1858 Lourdes has become the most glorious shrine of all Christendom in honour of the Blessed Virgin Mary Nowhere has she given greater manifestations of her power and of her love

We can go no It would be rash to attempt t put in word, the acredne the ectacy of th moment: of personal Union of Sacred (mmunion between a Mother so pure and so loving and a Son Wh i God Mother love is noble, i: deep as the sea, but mother love when coupled as here with love of God is an abyss we cannot hope to sound We can but kneel in wonderment while from our hearts rises the prayer: 'O Lady of the Blessd Sacrament Mother Immaculate, obtin for us an ever-deepening personal love for Jesus in the Holv Eucharist," TOLERANCE For the Catholic, tolerance, to make an old and vital distinction, extends to persons and not to principles, When a man grows tolerant about principle it is because their truth is growing dim for him The Catholic must be intolerant in regard to his fundamental belief because their truth is of God He has suffered much in his peron because of this attitude Others, unwilling or unable to accept Catholic truth, have often been ready to balknce their own tolerance of principles with bitter personal intolerance directed against those who feel that truth is and must always be intolerant of error Catholics, on the otherhand, not only from the teaching ot their Church, but from natural in lin tions, are more than ready to balance an intolerance of principle with a very large tolerance of persons unwilling or unable to see things their way.

GOINGDOWN!

"Since 1921 there have been 60,000 less babies born every year in US.A The business of producing baby shoes is on the downward trend The buying group in our nation dwindles The demand for our industrial and agricultural products shrinks There comes a smaller demand for housing, clothing, and even for what are called the luxuries of life The attendance at football games will drop Old folks do not go to these pageants of youth Perhaps the best business to enter l be the production of false teeth.Ligutti and Rawe, "Rural Roads to Security

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The Busbies' Comer

Dear Cornerites, Saturday ushers in the month of the Sacred Heart, and never was thereaperiod in history when Urse to the fount of love and reco mercy was so desperately neces, Duringthe month of May sary : 1 have prayed unceasingly to j'/,, His immaculate Mother, a ' and now during the anxious times head we must contmnue to pray fervently during the month oi the Sacred Heart for a just and lasting peace, in accordance with the expressed wishes of His Holiness the Pope The storm of war caught many people unprepared, and in many lands, particularly Holland Belgium and Northern France, thousands of non-combatant peoples have been caught up in the maelstrom of hostilities before they had a chance toflee to security These people are our fellow Christians and the greater majority oi them are fellow Catholics who need our prayers now more than ever They face a ruined future and in their desolation and material poverty they may be tempted to lose faith in God and the Church This would be the greatest calamityof all, for there are agitators in Europe who trade on the misery of these unfortunate people and seek to enist them in their fight against God and the Catholic ChurchPray, then, to the Sacred Heart that they may be protected spiritually during this evil tide oi war

AUNT BESSY

k it i ii Dear Aunt Bessy,Enclosed please find £1 10s, being April, May and June contributions to the Bushies' Fund ANONYMOUS Dear Anonymous,Your monthly contributions came to hand safely, and I must thank you very much for continuing to support the Bushes' Scheme so generously I trust you will be able to continue your good work in the future, as it will mean a lot to the Corner to have regular subscribers like yourself

AUNT BESSY

« Morley Park

Dear Aunt Bessy-I am sorry for not returning the Pinkie before. It was mislaid for a long time, but I hope you will forgive me Besides the 2/6 for the Pinkie I am enclosing an extra ls for being so negligent, From now on

CARDBOARD BRIGADE

Volunteers are badly needed for the 1939 Brigade Letters may be written to the Corner under an assumed name, but all volunteers must also supply their real name and full address, so that a Pinkie may be sent on. In this way they may gather thirty brownies for the Bushies a small amount in itself but quite sufficient if all will help-

I intend to write to you fortnightly or monthly and do whatever I can for you, Two of my brothers have gone overseas with the AIF I have eight brothers altogether

HONORA EATON

Dear Honora,Your letter was held over from last week so I hope you didn't mind the delay Your contribution, however, was acknowledged in the last issue of "The Record" I shall certainly look forward to receivIng your letters regularly in the future as I like to keep in touch with my Cornertec as much as possible, and it is Up to themselves to let me know all the news at regular intervals You must miss your two soldier brothers now that they have gone right away, but I hope they will come back safe and sound when the war is over AUNT BESSY k t k k Dear Aunt Bessy.I would like to become one of your Cornerites Will You also please send me a prick card, ?,that I, too, can help thie Bushies' cheme I often get pennies from Daddy and I would like to let you have some of them instead of the lolly shop

LEMONADE BOTTLE

Acknowledged With Thanks A £ sd Anonymous .. 1 10 0 Grateful Mother, in hon-

The Feast of the Sacred Heart is tomorrow, but the whole month of June is dedicated to this devotion

We have been having school holidays for the past two weeks, and I went up to the hills for mine It was beautiful up there, and everything was nice and green There weren't many flowers of course but September is the best time for them You must go up the hills for your holidays, Aunt Bessy You can have marvellous fun up there

DONALD ROBINSON, Dear Donald,I was ever so pleased to know you had such a good time during your holidays That will make you work all the harder when you go

ADOPT A BUSHIE

If you wish to forward "The Record and any other Catholic Literature to a Bushie family, sund a stamped-addressed envelope to Aunt Bessy, who will forward you a name and address Actually no literature itself must be sent to this officeonly the stamped, addressed envelope

back to school won't jt? I have seen the hills when all the flowers are out and it was one of the most beautiful sights I have ever seen There are many nice places in the Eastern States, too but I think the Darling Ranges beat them all I have sent you a prick card and I hope it will beat the lolly shop in the fight for pennies

AUNT BESSY

Golf

Walter Hagen, famous professional is a colourful player. He is a shrewd showman, poring over comparatively easy shots until he has created the illusion of difficulty, and then getting applause with well-executed but ordinary shots He has been concerned in some big money matches He beat Abe Mitchell two and one over 72 holes in 1926 for £1,000 a side In 1928 he was beaten by Archie Compston I8 and 17 in a 72 hole match for £500 but was paid £500 to play, reputed to be the highest fee ever paid to a player for one match in Europe In 1926 he beat the famous Bobby Jones in a 72 hole match by 1l and 10 earning 6800 dollars During the Florida land boom Hagen acted from 1924 to 1927 as President of the Pasadena Golf Clug, and received a salary of 30,000 dollars a vear

Hint

Jim Ferrier says that a player is rareIv better than his hands He may have a sound swing, but a faulty grip can spoil his game Though most of the power of a stroke starts in his arms and his body, this power is no use un less it is transmitted properly through the hands and wrists If a player can't place his hands correctly on the club there is little chance of his going far in the game Ferrier advises the showing of three knuckles of the left hand which is well over the shaft, with the club more in the palm of the hand than the fingers This gives the left hand more power as well as assisting the arm to be kept straight throughout back and down swing The left hand should be well over the shaft, and it should have a reasonably firm hold of the club

127 BARRACK

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June 6th marks the lapse of one hundred years since the death of Marcellin Champagnat, priest of theSociety of Mary, andfounder of the Marist Brothers Unless the Lord build the house he labours in vain that builds it"

FATHER Champagnat never wearied of repeating this maxim to his Brothers and of insisting that they were mere tools in God's hands How pleased God was with the spirit of humble trusting faith we may gather from the prosperity He has granted the Marist Brothers' Order when, humanly speaking, it had little to guarantee even its continued existence It was, indeed, the directing Providence of God, which raises up champions to the Church n her direst need, that gave to 19th century France the humble priest, Marcellin Joseph Benediet Champagnat France of that period was but a poor shadow of the proud daughter of the Church of former days Years of revolution and warfare had crippled her and the enemies of Christianity availed themselves of the opportunity to strike religion Revolution, apostasy, and martyrdom all played their part in thinning out the ranks of the clergy and upsetting Church organisation, so that ignorance of religion spread even where faith and good will persisted CHILDHO0D

In such an age, on May 20, 1789, Mar cellin Champagnat first saw the light of day in the little village of Marlhes (near Lyon:), He was the ninth of ten children His parents, though illiterate posse: sed wht outweighs by ar the value of learning the gift of inceritv and the virtue of faith As Marcellin grew up he received a careful training and a little instruction at the hands of his mother and an aunt, From his mother particularly he imbibed a hildlike confidence in God and a tender love of the Mother of God two virtue: which he cherished throughout his life

VOCATION

Yet until his 16th year it :em d as if he were detined to v and die unknown to the world in th humbl alling of a farmer But God planned therwise A visiting priest suddenly made M. rellin ware that God wa calling him to a higher lifet help th Lord of the hrvest gather in th harvent of souls from th filds o Franc He heard the call and reponded

We cannot help admiring this run try yuth, who, in spite of h lack of book learning and in spite t of discouragement from relatives and m ters, plodded steadfastly towrds th goal of his ambition His dilien more than compensated for hi backwardnes so that in 1812 t the of 23 he was admitted to th di seminary of Lyons The generou solutions he made during the: of training, his ardent devtion t Blessed Sacrament and his dev ti Mary show us that under his

Official Organ of the Archdiocese of Perth ESTABLISHED 1874

Ven.Marcellin Champagnat

Founder of Marist Brothers

exterior was a soul which combined the simplicity of a child with the zeal of an apostle This spirit came to light during his vacations when he gathered together the children of the villages around Marlhes and instructed them in the elements of religion, So keenly interested was he in this work that he resolved one day to found an Order of teaching Brothers to undertake the instruction and education of children

We can only imagine the joy he must have felt when, on August 22, 1816, his ambition was realised, and he was ordained a priest of God Several days later we find him kneeling before Our Lady of Fourviere, consecrating his life's work to her and imploring her protection

CURATE OF LAVALLA

Father Champagnat's first appointment was as curate of the little village of Lavalla He soon realised that the task before him was no small one, for his parishioners were widely distributed over the slopes of Mt. Pila, and though blessed with strong faith were extremely ignorant Soon, however, the young curate had won their hearts by his unstudied simplicity his zeal and his willingness to help those in need Long afterwards, cre sing Mt Pila with a friend, he exclaimed: "Many a step I have taken on thes mountains many a shirt I hve ked with sweat along these roads but I have the comfort of knowin that I never arrived too late t dminiter the rit of the Church t any ick person. Before his arr the p ple rarely attended church, but now they flocked in number t hear hi techism and sermon It ved him, however to observe th ditr in ig norance f the children, and he had the breadth of viion t rali that the only adequate method de in; with the problem was t rs ni a Society of Teaching Brother After some hesitation he, at leny lv·d to undertake the work

FOUNDATION OF MARIST BROTHERS

The world sco: te pr mptuus young priest 1817, brrow d 1600 francs td aired and furni ands, and then wo en-Jenn Marie n aptist Audra th ation members soc ather Champagr under initi te his the ents of religious eng n experinced te; uct t n method of te com ty mnaed to e 'rugal nce by making n

Towards the end of the vear the Brothers took over the school at Lavalla, and were so successful that they were soon in demand in other places as well Their chief aim was to impart the love and knowledge of God by the teaching of catechism and by giving simple instructions

THECROSS

The shadow of the Cross fell heavily on the new Society In its early days new subjects were scarce and the young founder often implored Mary to send more recruits lest the work fail, 'It is not my work that fails but thine," he prayed, "for thou hast done everything for us"

Men of the world criticised the rashness of the youthful founder and condemned his project to inevitable failure Even some of his ecclesiastical superiors harassed him n an attempt to induce him to join his Order to others already established At one time the serious illness of Father Champagnat and the ill-advised zeal of a chaplain alrost resulted in the disbanding of the Society

But the trustful prayers of the founder and his Brothers triumphed over all difficulties Subjects arrived a new novitiate was erected (largely by the work of Father Champagnat and the Brothers), new schools were opened, and finally the Brothers were authorised to take vows, while the storm of criticism waned

Training the Brothers

The training Father Champagnat gv his Brothers wa: naturally a reflection of his own life We have l ready seen how insistent he was on childlike confidence in God Two ther practices he continually recommended were the Pr nce of God and lively devotion t the Blessed Sacrament. But in all his teaching he impressed the idea that th way to Jesus i through His Mother, Mary She is your fir«t superior your ordinary reurce," he woud say Th whole pirit of a Mrist Brother' lif« should be, "AII t Jeus through Mar All to Mary for Jesus " H desired that his iety b characterised by Our Lady' own favourite virtues humility, simplicity, obedience, Marist Fathers

Whilst the Order or the Marit Brother· was slowly coming into being, Father 'hampagnt and several other prie ts, all la: mates in the minary at Lyons, were al engagd in esta ishing the Order of th Marist Father It w pproved + in 1836, with Father Colin th Superior General. F· ther Champagnat was among the first t pronounce his vow in the new S ·t Originally it was intended ti t th Order be govwrned by on Suprior, but it wa latr decided t them entirely separate

MARIST WORLD MAP -

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DEATH

The strenuous work of organisin the Society and training the Broiiei? the continuous battle against opposi tion, the long journeys on foot from school to school, together with the austerities of his own private life, gradually took toll of Father Champagnat's health, so that, in 1840, it became apparent that death was not far off To ensure the continuation of the work Brother Francois was chosen to sue ceed him and became the first Brother Superior-General of the Institute The holy founder's suffering increased, but he bore all with admirable cheerful ness "How happy I am," he often repeated, "to die in the Society of Mary "

On June 6, 1840, Mary called him to enjoy the reward of a life spent in labouring for God's glory and her honour Progress Since the Death of the Venerable Founder

After his death the Order of the Lit tle Brothers of Mary, or Marist Bro. thers as they are now generally known, continued to prosper Each year marked the establishment of new schools It soon spread from France to other countries and now Marist Brothers' establishments are to be found all over the world as can be noted from the accompanying map At the present day the Institute in its 622 houses spread over the globe, numbers close on 10,000 Brothers, giving instruction to 148,579 children

The Brother· first came to Australia in 1871 Here the Institute has shown th same remarkable growth, and to day there are about 400 Brothers all Australian by birth, and 39 establishments in th Australian province The training centre is situated at Mittagong NSW, where some 130 young Autralin: are prepariny to crry on the work of the V n. Marcellin Champagn. t

0AUSEOF BEATIFICATION.

Cau: of the Beatification of ar· llin Cham intron 1896. In 1920, ·ough ination of his I ·oicity :ues wa: :itling him called "Ver before the of his B n be cvnti evidence uced that three well defin have ben wrought througl ·ssion, All persons who ar' in the Venerable Champagnat's Cause are earnestly asked to join the Brothers in imploring of God, through the intercession f the Ble: ied Virgin, to provide these person re k God' 0 t in m ans and co the cent "ovin Australia, er' Training College Mitt