The Record Newspaper 04 April 1940

The doctor had overhauled his patient ''You confess that you are bad tempered," he said "I suppose you know that science has discovered that your bad temper is caused by an ugly little microbe?"

"Hush!" said the patient "For goodness sake, speak quietly, doctor! She's sitting n the next room''

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A woman novelist was asked by an interviewer whv she had never married

"Well t's like this" she told the reporter 'I have three things in my house which represent so closely the characteristics of the average man that I don't want any more of him'

And what are the three things?" asked the interviewer

'A dog that growls all the morning, a parrot that swears all the afternoon and a cat that stays out all night.'

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A priest offered a shilling to the boy who could tell him who was the greatest man in history

"Christopher Columbus''answered the Italian boy

George Washington, answered the American lad Saint Patrick,"' shouted the Jewish boy

"The shilling is yours, but why did you say Saint Patrick?" asked the priest Right down n my heart I knew it was Moses,'said the Jewish boy "but business is business"

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A Mr Knowall was explaining the situation to some friends

The Nazis,'' he said, have nearly a million men on the Hungarian frontier, half a million on the Belgian, half a million on the Dutch-" Then someone butted in with "Surely they've got a night watchman on the Siegfried Line?"

# The Magistrate was deaf but certainly not deafer than the two mer before him The first man leaned forward earnestly "Sir" he exclaimed 'this man owes me a grocery bill amounting to no less than twenty pounds, and refuses to pay it!"

The second deaf man sprang up

Thats a lie!" he cried, irdigaantly

My dog didn't bite him."

There was a pause while the magistrate reviewed the situation, then he announced his decision Gentlemen,' he said, 'I fully appreciate your feelings, but I can see no reason why you should not combine to support your mother.''

t k k It had been a bad voyage so far, and most of the passengers were ill kind-hearted steward tried to cheer up one sufferer.

Dont worry sir," he said, brightly; "seasickness never killed anyone vet''

"Don't say that," pleaded the strick·en passenger "It's only the hope of dying that's kept me alive so far."

k k k #k Private Smith imped up to the medical officer, with his nose swollen, and oth his eves blacked

What's vour trouble?" asked the M O • "I was on rum ration sir'' said Smith and a blinking sniper potted the jar and bust it'' But what hit you to get you into such a state?" " Ari the bloomin' company sir!"

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Early rising was a terrible job to Johnson He had to get upbut how

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he hated it So at last he bought himself an alarm clock

Next morning, long before light, he was roused by an angry knocking at his front door Going down he tound there an irate policeman, holding an alarm clock, which was still ringing furiously

This won't do!" said the policeman

You can't annoy the whole neighbourhood. Take it inside"

Johnson took t wearily and said: "I wondered how the milk bottle got upstairs into my bedroom' k k k k

Entering the office, the manager shot off one of his oldest and most featured'' jokes on the assembled staff

There was a chorus of aughter, with a forced note, in which only one clerk took no part

You don't seem to like mv ittle story Jones?'' said the manager coldly

I don't need to, sir,'' was the reply; I'm giving my notice to leave to-day

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Everything about the flying ground was interesting to the American visitor, who asked a never-ending string of questions

Say '' he exclaimed at st "how is it that you seem to have so many Scotsmen among your flyers?''

The guide, a bit fed-up, snatched at the chance

Well sir since the Scots have learned that every cloud has a silver lining, we can't keep em out"

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A man took his wife to the doctor

He was a simple fellow and had lived in the country all his life

The doctor placed a thermometer in the wife's mouth Just before he removed it the man who had watched spellbound being unused to such silence on the part of his better-half, blurted out: Doctor· what will vou take for that thing you put in her mouth?"

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"No,"' said the rich man to the penniless young officer who asked for the hand of his daughter "I have not the slightest objection to your asking my daughter to marry vou."

Thank you sir,'' said the young man

"You go and ask her," continued the girl's dad "I won't interfere I've given her a good education and taught her to read the newspapers and if she doesn't know enough to say 'No'well, she doesn't deserve better uck " � * • t was his first shore leave since war started, and the ast boat was pulling away as he reached the quayside

He took a running jump and landed in the boat but was dazed by hitting his head

The shore was 200 vards awav when he looked up

The dazed look gave wav to one of pride "Bovs." he murmured "Can I iump!"

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He was attending a meeting of the Henpecked Club Suddenly the door opened His wife sailed in, grabbed him by the collar shook him until his teeth rattled, and exclaimed: ''What do you mean by attending this club? You're not henpecked''

k k k k Jones paid a visit to hospital to see his friend Sraith The heavilv bandaged patient was anxious to know what had happened "ell," Tones told him 'vou were drunk and betted that you could jump out of the window and fly round the house"

"Good Heavens!" exclaimed Smith

"Didn't you try to stop me?"

"Stop you, indeed," cried the other "I had two quid on you!"

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Some officers were discussing an Irishman, a private in their regiment, whom, it was alleged no one could frighten

One decided he would try to "put the wind up" PatrickArraying himself in all the fearful and awesome habiliments of His Satanic Majesty he stealthily approached Pat when the latter was on sentrv-go In response to the challenge: ''Who goes there?" he answered in sepulchral tones; The Devi1" "Pass, Devil," replied the sentrv You know where to go!"

r he le le The conversation at the party was all about dieting Yee" said a guest, "I've eaten beef all my life and I'm as strong as an ox ' · Thats strange" said his companion 'T'«e been eating nothing but fsh for six months, and I can't swim a stroke"

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April 4, 1940.

Why Confession?

Listener, Kogarah:

As regards Confession, what man on earth has not sinned?

All living men have fallen into sin of some kind "If any man savs he is without sin,'' declares the Apostle St John, "he deceiveth himself and the truth is not in him" (I , John, 1, 8) There s no living man, therefore who does not need God's forgiveness What man, therefore, having sinned, is a fit and proper person to hear the Confessions of others?

If the power to forgive sin depended on the personal freedom from all sin, no man on earth would be a fit and proper person to do so But your difficulty arises from a misunderstanding of Catholic teaching You think a priest undertakes to forgive sin on his own authority, and n virtue ot his own merits But this s not the case Forgiveness of sin is dispensed by a priest in the name of Christ, with the authorty of Christ, an through the merits of Christ The priest's personal holiness or lack of it has nothing to do with the question In the civil order a magistrate may have been guilty, at some time or another, of violating traffc aws Yet he will n his official capacity, condemn other men for violating those same laws

There is no inconsistency in his so doino, for he is acting, not as a privatecitizen, but as the authorised agent of the State In other words the State acts through him for the purpose of administering its laws In the same way, Christ acts through the priest in confession for the purpose of granting forgiveness to men The personal qualities of the priest do not affect his official duty Here, as in all other matters of Christian teaching, it is not a question of what we like or dislike but of what Christ taught k k k k True Faith in Christ

I think it shows a lack of faith on the part of the one confessing· On the contrary; every time a Catholic goes to Confession, he exercises faith in the words of Christ to the Apostles and their successors: "Whose sin vou shall forgive they are forgiven them" John, XX, 23) Not Catholics but those who doubt or deny the word of Christ show a lack of faith in Him

They omit Christ and tell their sins to a man

It s precisely because Catholics cannot bring themselves to omit Christ, that they fulfil the conditions appointed by Christ in order to obtain forgiveness Since t s Christ who is offended by sin, it is for Christ to lay down the conditions which we must fulfil in

order to obtain His forgiveness Now Christ conferred on the priests of His Church the power to forgive sin, and thus instituted the Sacrament of Confession

Bible Interpretation

Student, Rose Bay: Will you please explain the meaning of the enclosed verses from the Bible?

With pleasure

In Matt v , 34, Christ said: "But I say to you not to swear at all, neither by Heaven, for it is the Throne of God"

Here Our Lord was directly attacking the Pharisees for their false interpretation of God's Commandment They nterpreted the Commandment as forbidding false

forbid reverent oaths taken for just and serious reasons

In Matt v 13, Christ said: "You are the salt of the earth But if the salt shall lose its savour, wherewith shall it be salted? It is good for nothing more but to be cast out, and to be trodden on by men."

Salt is a preservative, and Our Lord compares His disciples with it, telling them that they are to be a preservative of faith and morals in this world by their teaching

AEIC EELE

What Can Priests Do?

Having heard the sins, what can that man do?

Bv the authoritv of Christ which has been conferred upon him through the Sacrament of Holy Orders, the priest can forgive the sins confessed By his knowledge and training, he can advise, console and encourage the penitent I presume you hold that the priest is merely: the medium He s the instrument of whom Christ makes use in dispensing forgiveness As St Paul writes: God has reconciled us to Himself y Christ, and has given to us the ministrv of reconciliation For Christ, therefore, we are ambassadors" (II, Cor V., 18-19) t k # k Non-Catholic Difficulties

I am not a Catholic but all my best friends are Catholics

That shows that you have no personal prejudices against Catholics

I feel that I could accept their religion, but for such laws of the Church as I have mentioned I think vour difficultv is due to inability to understand the right of the Church to make laws, and the right of priests to forgive sin You have assumed all along that these rights have been usurped by the Church and that thev were never conferred upon the Church by Christ Himself Now that I have explained the fact that Christ gave such powers to His Church vour difficulty should vanish I might add that you could not join the Catholic religion simply because your friends belong to it. If you are impressed by their love for their religion, you would do well to take up the study of that religion; and if, after due study, it appeals to you as true in itself, then for the sake of truth and the love of God vou can become a Catholic

They are the laws of the Church that a Protestant cannot grasp and probably the reason why there are not more Catholics

That is true But inability to grasp such laws is due to Protestant upbringing In other words, therefore, you say that the reason why Protestants are not Catholics is because thev are Protestants We must go deeper than that and ask ourselves why Protestantism should exclude the Catholic conviction Now Protestantism concentrates on the Person of Christ, almost to the exclusion of His message and teaching It pays little or no attention to His doctrine concerning the Church; and, in consequence, many Protestants no longer have any faith in a church,

oaths, but, apart from these, they allowed the taking of oaths on every occasion, no matter how trival or irreverent Our Lord told them that the law of God forbade, not only false oaths, but anv oaths made rashlv and without just cause But He did not intend to forbid the right use of oaths for just and serious purposes Later on He responded to a solemn aduration in the name of God mposed upon Him by Caiphas St Paul, too, who undoubtedlv knew his Master's mind on the matter, repeatedly calls God to witness that he is speaking the truth The text therefore forbids, not only false oaths, but all rash and irreverent use of God's name It does not

But Catholics still say and still mean the words so familiar to Christians throughout the centuries: "I believe in the Holy Catholic Church " Once vou realise the truth that Christ established a Church and authorised that Church to act on His behalf, vou will no longer have any difficultv about the laws of the Church And once you perceive that historically the Catholic Church alone can be the Church established by Christ, you Will

and example Salt preserves other substances, but there is nothing to preserve salt itself Hence, if it oses its own preserving character and power, it is worthless In this text, therefore, Our Lord utters a grave warning: If those meant to preserve faith and morals by their teaching and example lose their own faith and scandalise others by their corrupt lives, who can correct or reform them? Rarely and with great difficultv are those converted who have received a high calling and have been unfaithful to it Our Lord predicts that they will be the contempt of men; and that their degradation and misery here may be but the prelude to damnation in the next world

have no difficulty about becoming a Catholic #t k it Blind Obedience

We cannot understand that laws can be made by the Church and blindly followed.

That is due to nadequate knowledge of the Gospels, which state in unmistakable terms that Christ founded a Church, commissioned t to act in His name, and commanded men to obey it "He that will not hear the Church '

BIRTHDAY SPECIALS

Gordon Matheson

THE RECORD

obey Christ But we Catholics see clearlv that, in obeying the Church, we are obeying Christ for Christ commanded us to obey His Church Those who refuse to obey the Church founded by Christ are blind to the full teaching of the Gospels and the facts of History k k k

Catholic Answers

I have asked various Catholics questions pertaining to their faith, and they have not been able to give a clear nswer That is not surprising You could ask various Australians questions about Australia and find them quite unable to answer The average Australian knows he is an Australian, and knows enough of the laws and customs of his country to live as a good citizen But if you commence asking him for an authentic interpretation of the laws or the reasons for them, he will tell vou to go and consult a lawyer Now the priest is the most reliable source of information concerning the Catholic religion, and this 9aestion Box Session was established that all might have the opportunity of consulting a priest And you as well as others are

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welcome to send me any question you please concerning the religion which all Catholics profess I know that these people are good and zealous Catholics Goodness and zeal are qualities oi the heart and will. But not every good and zealous person has had the time and opportunity to study every aspect of his religion He may know clearly and fulfil the essentials, and be eager to see others receive the same gift of Catholic Faith. But concerning the finer points of his religion, he may quite reasonably suggest that you consult a priest I would be very grateful to hear your own answers I have been only too happy to give them As was said previ-

Red Attack on

Trade Unionist, South Coast:

Will you please comment on the enclosed cutting from the Communist paper Tribune," which is published in Sydney I shall do so briefly, though I do not think statements emanatng from such sources worthy of serious comment k k k Communist Morality

The report blames Catholic Actionists for the disturbances caused at Communist meetings on the Yarra Bank, Melbourne The report summarises a statement by Mr Ralph Gibson, Secretary of the Victorian State Committee of the Communist Partv. Mr Gibson blames Catholic Actionists amongst others for the disturbances It should be remembered, however, that Communists will stop at no untruth or distortion that suits their purpose, for their only moralityf t can be called morality-is expediency Let me here quote the words of Lenin: "We deny all morality taken from super-human or non-class conceptions We say that this is a deception, a swindle, a befogging of the minds of workers and peasants in the interests of the landlords and capitalists We say that out moralitv is wholly subordinate to the class struggle of the proletariat" The quotation is taken from Lenin's "Religion" (Little Lenin Library Series, vol VII)

According to Lenin, then, the Ten Commandments are to be repudiated as the lying invention of capitalistic exploiters, and the only Communist morality is expediency; the doctrine that the end justifies the means, the end being the dictatorship of the proletariat ie of the Communist Party, and the meansanything that will enable them to attain that end

This teaching of Lenin should be remembered when one is judging the worth of Communist statements

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An Appeal to Soldiers

"I would say to the soldiers," said Mr. Gibson, "that they will be making a very big mistake if they follow the wealthy capitalists in their efforts to suppress a working-class party."

That the agents of a murderbous alien despotism, men who are pledged to the overthrow of our democratic nstitutions by civil war, should thus appeal to soldiers who have sworn to defend our country, is decidedlv humorous, and not less so because the humour is entirely unconscious on the part of Communists gain, Mr Gibson tries to convey the impression that the only

Thursday, April 4, 1940

ously, your main difficulty lies in the fact that vou have not understood Christ's doctrine concerning His Church, its nature and constitution and purpose You have simply taken for granted the Protestant idea that one can be related to Christ without any relation to His Church, and without anv obligation to submit to its laws That idea is erroneous and opposed to the will of Christ. If vou wish me to prove that Christ did establish the Catholic Church and command us to obey its laws, write in and tell me so, and I shall gladly provide the proof you desire At least, I hope I have made clear to you the reason why Ca tholics obev the laws of their Church

Catholic

Action

opponents of Communism are the wealthy capitalists The fact is that the chief opponents of Communism are the workers Organised Labour, representing millions oi workers in practical every English speaking country, has repudiated the Communist Party as an anti-working class organisation The Commun st claim to represent the workig • � class is as groundless as it is impudent

"I would also appeal,'' he said, "to members of the Catholic Church "

Such appeals come badly from people who stand for the complete destruction of everything that Catholics-and civilised people generally-hold dear The smoke of burning churches, the agony of Catholic priests done to death, the cries of tortured and murdered nuns ,the multitudes of Catholic laity slaughtered ior their Faith by the Reds in Spain these things are still too vividly before the minds of Catholics to allow of any hope of their being impressed by such characteristically hypocritical appeals

"A large part," he continued, "has been played in recent Fascist disturbances by representatives of Catholic Action, who are bringing a bad name on all Catholics."

Mr Gibson's assertion implicitly contains two statements: (a) that Catholic Action is a fascist" organisation; (b) that Cathohc Actionists had a leading part in the Yarra Bank disturbances Both statements are utterly false Communists who declare that Ca tholic Action is a fascist organisation either know what Catholic Action really means or they do not If thev do not know what it means they have no right to make such charges If they do know what it means, then there is only one possible conclusion: they are guilty of unscrupulous lying-on the principle no doubt that, if one throws enough mud some of it will stick

When the Communists first charged Catholic Actionists with having a part in the Yarra Bank disturbances the National Secre tariate of Catholic Action issued a statement denying any connection with the affair, and calling upon the Communists to name any Catholic Actionist who took part Is a sample of their honesty and good faith, the Communists ignored the protest and the challenge and calmly repeated the charge The Communist profession of concern for the good name of Catholics is about as deep and as sincere as the Communist profession of democracy; and an insult to the intelligence of Australians

Thursday, April 4, 1940

Catholics

� a Saturday afternoon in February, 1937, eleven men sat around the kitchen table at the Catholic Worker headquarters in New York, founded the Association of Catholie Trade Unionists and plotted a revolution

Don't be alarmed It was not a violent revolution they plotted, although some might still tell you so, It was a revolution aimed at certain powerful ideas reigning then and now throughout America

One of these was the idea that there must always be economic distressunemployment, starvation wages and +job insecurity They hated this idea particularly, for experience had brought them into close and painful contact with its fruits Most of them had watched good brains and muscle rotting away on the Catholic Worker breadline for want of work Two of them Martin Wersing and Ed Squitieri, had associated in the utility workers' union with a man who was fired for union activity couldn't get another job, finally went mad from despair and hung himself in the bathroom of a five-room tenement flat, leaving a sickly wife and seven small children It was these two incidentally, who first thought of starting the ACTU

Another idea that little group of Catholic trade unionists were out to get" was the mass-production heresy that labour s a commodity like pig-iron and that man may rightly be enslaved to machines Finally, they were determined to blow up the Marxist fabrication that alwaysnow nd forever -there must be conflict between labour and capital They were out to burn down the barricades of class war n America

We recognised of course, that there was in fact a widespread class war going on, that in places open conflict had been replaced by little bettr than n armed truce, and that in fow cases was there anything like a decent Christian harmony founded on justir e Where abour fought for a jut case (which was nearly everywhere) there was no doubt among us as to which side we were on It was typical that one of the first things we did was to jump nto the arena and bck the miserably paid girls striking at the Woolworth and Grand fivean-ten-cent stores in New York Also typical was the manner of this backing We had decided to picket the big Woolworth store on Fourteenth Street off Union Square

There had been an tem in the papers to the effect that Barbara Hutton wasn't so bad because she had given heavily to charity Also the Holy Father had just written his splendid encyclical, "Divin Redemptoris" So we put th two together and produced a picket sign reading, Babs gave 11,000,000 dollars to charity but the worker is not to receive as alms what is his due in justice'Pope Pius XI "

Maybe we were a little unfair to Babs, but the main thing is that we had put the Pope-perhaps for the first timeon an American picket line

This was especially important, since we were convinced that in the labour encyclicals of Leo XIII and Pius IX there was a programme that would not only solve the problems of the American labour movement, but bring order out of chaos n American industry The only thing required was hat we apply this programme with vigour ntelligence and Christian prudence

And so the first few months of the A CT U saw a series of meetings that to some were pointless sessions of hairsplitting, but to most of us man the essential job of hammering out a definite propramme based on the wisdom and experience of the Church We conceived our primary objectives as identical with social iustice viewed from a worker's angle and therefore reducible to certain basic rights and obligations that every worker shares bv the very fact of his humanitv

This is how we put it:

Basing our stand on the Papal encyclicals, the writings of other recognised Catholic authorities, and the basic principles of common sense and justice we believe that:

The worker has a right to: (1) Job security (2) Income sufficient to support himself and familv in reasonable comfort (3) Collective bargaining through union representatives freely chosen (4) A share in the profits after just wages and a return to capital have been paid (5) Strike and picket peacefully for just cause (6) A just price for the goods he buys (7) Decent working hours (8) Decent working conditions

And that the worker has a duty to: (1) Perform on honest day's work for an, honest day's pay (2

Join a bona fide union (3) Strike only for just cause and after all other legitimate means have heen exhaust-

Trade • n

ed (4) Refrain from violence (5) Respect property rights (6) Abide by the just agreements freely made (7) Enforce strict honesty and a square deal for everybody inside his union. (8) Co-operate with decent employers who respect his rights to bring about a peaceful solution of industrial war by the setting up of guilds for the self-regulation of in° dustry and producer-co-operatives in which the worker shares as a partner in the ownership, management or profits of the business in which he works Once the general platform had been constructed, the question remained: how were we going to get it across? How could we make these ideas vital to millions of American workers who had, for one reason or another, largely forgotten them?

One thing that was clear from the start was that we were not going to start a dual labour movement by setting up Catholic unions In fact from the beginning our efforts have been in the opposite direction working constantly to bring the AFL and CIO together into a powerful and harmonious unity Our purpose then as now was to build an organisation of Catholic men and women who were at the same time active members of the established CIO, AFL, or independent unions

In fact, we had already found a mandate for the ACTU in "Quadragesimo Anno," where Pius XI points out that side by side with these trade unions (neutral unions such as we have in America) there must always be associations which amm at giving their members a thorough moral and religious training, that these in turn may impart to the unions to which they belong the upright spirit which should direct their entire conduct" This was written in 1931

What the A C.TU Does Of course, the AC.TU does not at the present time attempt to give its members what is usually thought of in the expression moral and religious training'' We have had a number of corporate Communions; we belong to a monthly nocturnal adoration society; we have started annual retreats for workingmen But our activity aims mostly at the elementary job of making some practical connection between Sunday Mass and week-day work We feel that if we can show Catholic workers, in the simplest sort of way, the practical application of their Faith to their jobs and their trade unions, then we have laid the foundations for a "moral and religious training" that will mean something important, something dynamic in the best Christian sense, Besides our weekly meetings, at which we discussed basic principles and current labour problems, there was a weekly study group on "Quadragesimo Anno" This was the beginning of our education programme, In November, 1937 working together with Fordham University we opened our first free Catholic school for trade unionists Father Boland, chairman of the New York State Labour Relations Board, who combines to a happy degree knowledge of first principles with a wealth of labour experience, gave generously of his time to teach "Labour Relations" So also did Father Monaghan, our chaplain and inspiration from the beginning who handled the basically important course in Labour Ethics" and Professor Downing of Fordham, who lectured brilliantlv on Labour History."

The weekly classes were open to union men and women of every religious belief; and the object was always to reduce Catholic doctrine to common experience, apply it in a practical w7 to labour's past present and future Then in order that fortified with a sound theory and practice of unionism, our students might be able to get their stuff across in union meetings, we finished off with 'Parliamentary Law and Public Speaking."

The Catholic labour school spread Later the Jesuits opened one at Brooklyn Prep., and this year they have another at St Francis Xavier High School in Manhattan. We not only have our original school in the Woolworth Building but have added schools at St Mark's in Harlem and St Joseph's in the Bronx. A.CT.U branches in Boston, Philadelphia and Detroit have already started, or are about to start similar schools and we understand that recently no less than four labour schools were officially sponsored by the Archdiocese of Chicago

Once the eduational programme had been launched the need of a publication soon beame evident-a paper written by and for trade unionists containing an account of AC.TU activities, commenting on labour affairs generallv and

giving clear simple expression and ap plication of Catholic social doctrine No such paper had yet appeared on the American scene

The Labour Leader" Starts

So in January, 1938, we started very simply with a four-page, mimeographed weeklv bulletin called the Labour Leader" This we sold to the students at the school By May I, just five years after the first issue of the "Catholic Worker,' to whose pioneer efforts and friendly assistance we owed our own start, we had gained a sufficient amount of reckless courage to plunge off the deep end with a fourpage printed weekly newspaper-still called and hoping to be the "Labour Leader" All that spring and summer we begged, borrowed, and somehow scraped together the money needed to get the paper out Its steady progress since then has been largely due to the splendid work of its editor George Donahue, and a self-sacrificing staff of volunteer assistants, Right row the "Labour Leader'' has a subscription list of about 1 000 including several hundred priests and twenty bishops It comes out every two weeks, is hard up, but as determined as ever to keep going

Action in the Field.

But from the start we realised that the best kind of education was in action Our study groups schools and literature were not enoughwe must prove that we meant what we said by getting out in the field ourselves, helping workers in practical ways to organise and improve their condition and, if necessary, manning the barricades wherever labour fought a just fight For it was clear that we could burn no barricades as unnecessarv unless we had fought on them when they were labour's only resort (Naturally, the term "barricade" is figurative and applies only to a strike or other labour dispute since it must be remembered that we are basically opposed to violence)

FIVE

THIS ARTICLE, WRITTEN BY AN AMERICAN, REFERS TO CONDITIONS

IN THE USA. ONLY

By JOHN C CORT

Further we wanted to help bridge the unfortunate gap existing between labour and the Catholic clergy So with Father Monaghan leading the way, we persuaded our priest friends to speak at union meetings and mad openings for them In every case tie reception was enthusiastic and the sult acknowledged as beneficial to both parties At present there are nearly 25 priests taking part in this importent apostolate in about ten different cities of America

By supplying speakers at union an l church meetings, by distributing literature at factory and office entrances urging workers "to join the union," or protesting against some injustice (we were among the leaflet-bearing agitators" who invaded Jersey City) w have aided practically in the work of organising the unorganisd. WE»n strikes have been called and brought to our attention, our policy has always been to investigate both sides and if we found the workers' demands just and their procedure reasnable, we pieketed, spoke, agitated nd negotiated for a settlement

Incidentally more than half the suecess of the Communists has sprung from the very real assistance they have given to labour, The average worker is not one to examine the abstract validity of M. rxist doctrines If the Communist help him win a strike, he is inclined to think well of Communism It is unfortunately not enough for us to display superior principles or a mor logical system of thought If the 'atholic worker hovering on the brink insecuritv and semi-starvation sees that heretics are more interested than Christians in his personal welfare, it i painfully hard to persude him to remain orthodox.

Once we were in th market, t soon became clear there was practically no end to the number of possible ways f helping labour One of the most im portant was legal asistance., especia to rnk-and-file members oppress! b (Please turn to Page 7)

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THE RECORD

WHO is Stalin? Joseph DjoulM gachvili was the son of the cobbler of the little town of Gori in the Caucausus He was born in 1879 At that time Georgia still lived in full feudality; in it there reigned a spirit of adventure and chivalry and a social order recalling the Middle Ages All that made more marked in good as we!l as in evil, the passionate character of the Georgian people, for in their veins runs Asiatic blood It is not therefore in the least astonishing to find striking contrast in these people, tr its of cruelty r: placability, and oriental fatality

But one cannot explain a Stalin by nationality and Georgian blood

The name "Stalin'' was probably given to Djougachvili by Lenin Stalin's father was a peasant who was forced by necessity to take up the trade of shoe-maker; he wished to make his son work in his own trade in Tiflis, a town to which they were lead by the misery of the artisans fighting against shoe factories in the Caucasus

Young Joseph preferred to run the town with other young rascals whose leader he became These vagabonds gave Djougachvili the name "Zozo'' In all towns street urchins may be ound, but the "Kintos" of Tiflis are something apart Their battles with laggers and with "Bachlik" (a kind of hood which was wound round the arm as a sort of shield) were a speciality of this town.

The older Djougachvili wished to save his son from these surroundings and sent him to a Georgian seminary of the Orthodox religion It would cost nothing and perhaps it would tame the young bandit.

But t had the contrary effect Durng the four years of his studies Zozo" CONSULT

Insurance

• lS Stalin? Who

worked as a revolutionary in the seminary, spreading Red booklets, which he obtained surreptitiously from an office in Tibis. He founded also a secret circle of Marxists so that at last he was shown the door of the seminary He embarked on a course of illegality and drifted towards the Caucasian Workers' Revolutionary Party He took part in the worst adventures of that party

The transport workers of Tiflis nam ed their new comrade 'Koba" It was Koba who directed the first workers' strike in the Caucasus

In that time he encountered the ideas and works of Lenin whom he accepted without reserve

The movement spread from Tiflis to Baku, from Baku to Batuum; Koba fomented new striks, new troubles which always brought fresh recruits to the Workers' Party and caused inextricable complications

Soon Stalin began to study the points which separated the moderate Mensheviks from the extreme Bolsheviks

JOSEPH O'DEA

Principal

CHARLES O'DWYER.

The knowledge decided the future of Stlin, he decided quite definitely to join the Left Wing Having joined he pushed its tenets with all the energy which he had given to previous projects In a short time he became one of the bitterest enemies of the moderates

The check to the first Russian Re volution in 1905 did not discourage him

In the years which followed, while Marxist emigres in foreign countries lost themselves in theories and arguments Koba," who always preferred action to dreaming became one of the most dangerous brigands in Czarist Russia

If one wants to understand the im placable fanaticism and the absence of moral restraint in Stalin one must recall the crimes perpetrated under his orders during the years 1907 and 1908

These crimes were part of the Bolshevik system Lenin considered that this was the onlv wav to be an active revolutionary Stalin, aided by his gangs, attacked banks and State money convoys n order to replenish the Party treasure chest Dynamite and various kinds of arms were brought into use, and manv deaths resulted from the attacks

These exploits ceased only when Stalin was arrested and mprisoned n Baku

In prison he spent his time trying to convert the other convicts into revolutionaries On one occasion, when these activities were discovered, he was ordered the bastinado He took his punishment in silence

Later he took a bloody reprisal on the familv of the man who administered the punishment

After his release from prison he went abroad for a time At Capri he came into contact with Gorki, Conntscharki and Trotsky, the intellectuals of the revolutionary movement At Paris he came under the tutelage of Lenin whose ideas he now began to propagate On his return to Russia he again fell into the hands of the police He escaped after five months and made for St Petersburg, where he set about organising the revolution on the basis of Lenin's ideas Once he was ar-

Thursday, April 4, 1940

rested, but again escaped and carried on his revolutionary work among the working classes

Finally he was arrested and sent to Siberia where he remained until the revolution actually took place

In October 1917 when Lenin appointed the new ministers of government, he entrusted to Comrade Stalin the commissariat of National Minorities This meant that Stalin had little or nothing to do Others were active, but for Stalin the civil war alone meant activity t was at this time that Stalin, n his capacity as President of the Board of Workers and Peasants, started to direct the activities of the Communists He was however more interested in his position as member of the Higher War ouncil This allowed him to intrigue against Trotsky who had concluded a peace with Germany at BrestLitovsk and whom Stalin considered to be a Western Jew

There was born an enmity which ultimately caused Trotsky to be cast out

Although Stalin was subordinate to Trotsky he took entire charge of the campaign in the region of the Volga end conducted it after the manner of his earlier banditry

So bitter was his campaign that Lenin had to step in and stop it Stalin returned to Moscow growling In the autumn of 1919 there was unrest in the army; Trotsky consented to Stalin being given the command of the southern section which was seriously threatened In that moment Stalin's victory over Trotsky was assured At that moment Stalin's progress to power started on its final stage He wiped out the rising at Krnstadt and gained a measure of popularity as a result of which, despite the half-hearted support of Lenin, he became Secretary General of the Central Committee th Communist Partv From then he had in his hands the levers that c n trolled Russia

A. lng as Lenin was alive h sel that power with great prudence. ls oon as Lenin was taken ill, however, Stalin began to act so that no one shouldbar his way to the dictatorship Even Lenin he deceived

The last and greatest. of his frauds was the annihilation of the opposition in his own land-Georgia That opposition was working for its natinal independence Lenin saw that this repr ion was contrary to his own wishes, but Stalin fooled him with lies and with false telegrams, and Gergia was brutally wiped out

After the dath of Lenin, Stalin ear ried on his war against Trotsky By making agreements with Zinov ·v and Ksnenev, he isolated "th Jew" in the

Joseph Djougachvili alias Stalin was sixty years of age on Decem ber 21. 1939 Who is this man who now occupies the Kremlin of the Tsars He holds no official title in the Soviet state, but he is without dcubt, a real dictator, At various times he has had other aliases than Stalin-Zozo" and "Kcba"

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midst of the Party A new spate of false telegrams and fictitious nforma tion swindled the Partv and alienated the members from Trotsky who was, at that time, too ill to attend meetings Finally Trotsky was forced into exile

Zinoviev and Kasnenev were forced to give way to their stronger comrade who at last had achieved an unlimited dictatorship

Stalin took control of the Cheka, and the Central Commission of Control, a kind of State Parliament made up of seven members n 1919 and 187 in 1931 This organisation aided by the Ogpu mercilessly suppressed any and every movement that was not in accord with Stalin's will Russia was bound hand and foot The World Revolution still remained the final aim; but t was placed in the background, yet never lost sight of To-day Stalin distrusts everybody, even his closest associates He travels in an armoured car even when going to the Kremlin, so afraid is he of being attacked He believes in his draconian justice, he believes in extreme Marxism

He is a man who has alwavs lived on the edge of the social orde neer having the east respect for morality, for the rights of others or for human ife He came to power through lood, and if his own type of justice is meted out to him he will go down in blood, perhaps like so many of his companions, before the bullets of the Ogpu or the Cheka

There are those who say 'It was the fate of Danton It was the fate of Robespierre Stalin will not escape" The Catholic Times."

Thursday, April 4, 1940

The annual general Communion of the Newman Society took place on Sunday last at the 8 o'clock Mass, «which was celebrated by His Grace the Archbishop The Cathedral Bo;s Choir rendered music specially for tbe occasion, under the direction of the Rev Father Lynch

A large body of undergraduates, graduates and members of the professions (the best attendance for some vears), congregated at the Archbishops Palace before the Mass, and after donning their academic robes marcbzd in procession to the Cathedral with their chaplain (the Rev Dr J T McMahon, M.A , Ph D ) in the scarlet robes of the Doctorate of Philosophy, and the president of the Society (Miss Dorothy Tangney, BA Dip,Ed) at their head

Among those present were the following members of the learned professions:

Members of the Bar:

Mr President W Dwyer, LLB; Mr J P Durack, KC; Messrs _J B Maxwell R D Lane Frank O'Dea Frank Walsh E Dunphy, LLB, P Lane, LL.B, J Dunphy, J Lavan, C Sullivan LL B., J. O'Halloran, and Miss Alice Cummings, BA, LL B and Miss Bernie O'Dea

The Medical Profession:

The medical profession was represented by-

Doctors J J Holland D J Quinlan V H Webster Basil Hallion, W Caw ley, B Lyon-Johnson, Hugh Mulcahy, M.A, N G Row B Palandri, and Dr Aileen Murphy

Other Professions:

Messrs G B Hendr· mn, F Burnett, and G Ennis repr nted the Dentists

Mesrs E Le B Henderson and M F Cavanagh w .h Architects present

Messrs T. BE Gerald Engineers pr Dr Frank A Superintendent C Gardner t

Local Graduates:

E L J Herlihy BE, were the Mr J F Lynch, nical Education, B tanist

The local rere present in great numi ig those were: Misses D Ta , DipEd; B McDonagh, ; K Mulcahy, BSe.: N M. , DipEd:; M Hodges, B A. BA DipEd Mrs John I A; E Biram

B A , M Sm Fitzhardinge, B A B Se

B.A and Rev

Messrs L A., DipEd; K Byrne BA J Mccusker

B A.,, DipE mn B A-, Dip Ed A Cromptor H Goerke, BA, L Johnston, B A., Dip.Com

Catholics

Continud from Page 5 )

The Shadow of a Great Na. DR. McMAHON'S SPLENDID ADDRESS

(Continued from Back Cover)

It was remarkable how a sense of failure and disillusionment ages a man, and Newman had been suffering such discouragement ever since 1846, when he hed been ordained a Catholic priest

Those things on which he had set a real value, namely, his ambitions to forge new weapons to withstand the modern challege to the Faith, his hopes of establishing in Ireland an outpost of Oxford, and his enthusiasm for a fresh tr nslation of the Bibleall those schemes on which he had been prepared to spend himself and his acknowleged talents were suffocated and killed by the suspicion and misunderstanding of his ecclesiastical superiors "Cor ad Cor Loquitur"

Such was the picture of their patron that he wished them to take home with them and to hang upon their hearts

One of the most difficult lessons in life was patience it was so hard to wait

What Newman called "those giants, the passion and the pride of man,' were restless horses, which resented the discipline of submission and patience

Newman had had a long wait, until his 78th year when Leo XIII had brought peace and recognition by conferring upon him the Red Hat

As his motto he had selected: "Cor ad cor Loquitur"words which were the kev to that inner life Looking back over his length of years, he counted the peaks in the long range of disappointments, and seeking the ex-

THE COMMUNION BREAKFAST

The Communion Breakfast was held in the King Edward Hotel, Pier-street, immediately after the Mass It was well attended and most enjoyable The nly toast was that of The Pope and King ' and was proposed by the Preident Miss Dorothy Tangney BA At the nclusion of the breakfast, the chaplain, the Rev Dr McMahon, conv:yd to the members the congratulations of His Grace the Archbishop, who xpressed his delight at the splendid athering at the Cathedral Dr McMahon then congratulated the newly ·lected president, Miss Dorothy Tangney th first woman president, an honour sh. richly deserved for her lo Itv to the Newman Society since its incption The chaplain suggested that the role of the Newman Society within the University would be best filled by keeping under the wing of Cardinal N wman, whose quiet penerat mn f Oxford and through Oxford the Univrity outlook in the old and new lands, was his abiding influence An aggressive, combative note would jar

Trade Unions . In

our experience to date has confirmed us in these convictions

planation how he climbed over them all, with his faith undimmed and his soul unsoured, he knew that all was possible because hex.rt spoke to heart in meditation and prayer before the Blessed Sacrament And if Newman could speak to them on that morning he would surely say: Cor ad cor loquitur''follow this counsel and to them also would come the courage and strength to fight to the end

Their gifts were their dangersNew man would warn them for to bow and submit were never easy, and the grace to do it could onlv come from that inner life where heart spoke to heart

And he would conclude his words by recalling to them that he also was University man a professional worker who was called upon to make decisions Had he made them as his human intellect, perfect instrument though it was, directed, they would have been wrong and disastrous to his peace of mind They also would have to make decisions and they would be tempted to make them according to expediency

Wait, Newman urged them, have pvtience, for the long way round was usually the best, and brought abiding peace And if it required moral courage to do this, then let them seek it where he had always found it, in silent moments before the Tabernacle; there in quiet communings with their souls, heart would speak to heart

on all concerned and minimise our influence on the student body He concluded a short address by thanking particularly the members of the professions who attended; their example would teach better than they knoworrealised For when the undergraduates beginning their University career, or in the midst of it, saw men and women who have alreadv established them their various professions, approach the altar rails in humility and faith they must react and say to themselves, if such can succeed in their walks of life without loss of faith, why cannot I?

The haplain urged the older members to do a little more for the younger members This year's programme was a most interesting one, and we should be delighted to welcome the older members to anv or all of our activities this vear Miss Tangney returned thanks to Dr McMahon for his eloquent address in the Cathedral, and to the Rev Father Lynch and his choir for the beautiful music provided.

1940 PROGRAMME

Tuesday, April 9:

i+Welcome social to freshers A dance boscription Is (to pay for supper)

Tuesday May 6:

First monthly lecture meeting Very Rev A Kelly, SJ., will lecture on "Four Centuries of the Jesuit Fathers?'

Tuesday, June 4:

Very Rev Father John Fahey, DS0 will lecture on Social and Economic Problems'

Tuesday, July 2:

Mr Paul Brennan, BA will lecture on "Soviet Activities During the Past Seven Years."

Tuesday, August 6:

Mr Frank Walsh KC, will lecture on "The Arbitration Court"

Tuesday, September 3:

Annual general meeting for election of officers for 1941

Tuesday October 1:

Mr James McCusker B A DipEd will lecture on Catholic Music''

The Societv conducts also study circles, which this year will be led by the Rev Father E McBride and the Rev Father K Slowey Students may enrol in these at the social evening on April 9

During September there will be week-end retreats, for the men at the Monastery, and for the women at Loreto Swanbourne

The Newman Ball will be held in July

The Newman Dinner will be held in November

Bus pienies will be arranged throughout the year

The New Savoy Hotel

HAY STREET PERTH GORDON HACK

Proprietor

Accommodation Features:

Telephone and Hot and Cold Water in Bedrooms

Large Garage available for Country Visitors

Weddings Dinners etc Catered For Large Ballroom Available TAKE LIFT TO THE FIRST FLOOR LOUNGES

Visit Australias Most Modern Saloon Bar

racketeer or Communist leadership

And so was born the Catholic Labour Defence League, a group of young Catholic lawyers who have to date handled over 30 labour cases entirely free of charge and with excellent results Thanks is especially due here to the work of attorneys Ed Scvlly and John Sheehan

Tbs brings to mind the question What do ACTU members do when they belong to a union controlled or threatened by racketerrs or Communists? In the first place, we are grateful if we are lucky enough to have members in these unions In fact we have always urged Catholics to join CIO or AFL unions even though these may be dominated by Communists, Just as long as there is any hope at all ot saving such unions, The reason for this is simple: there is no alternative but to form a new union, and this ac ton, with all the evils that accompany it, could never be justified unless all other means had been exhausted So far we haven't found a union yet that looked hopeless Perhaps that is because we have consistently refused }admit that Catholics cannot be more elective than Communists in any given field of endeavour We have refusd to believe that Christianity is not n infinitely more dynamic and persuasive force than Marxism, and all 4gt44444444444444444444ff444

Any subscriber whose paper is not delivered by Saturday at the latest, is askcd to communicate mmediately with this office

Above all and through all our activity, we have kept our faith in the 'bright potential" of American workers If they have been at times too intent on higher wages and shorter hours to the exclusion of everything else if they have been too easily given to violence, to craft jealousy, to irresponsible violation of contracts and to materialism generally, the fault was usually not theirs It belonged rather to their leaders, to the captains of industry and to the whole comfort-loving pirit of our age

But we are confident that sounder leadership can be developed, is being developed from the ranks of American labour, and that American labour will fclo that leadership Then it is nly a question of time before labour akes its rightful place in partnership with capital Then workers who are capable of creative effort may once again be "workers'' in the true sense, no longer the unthinking slaves of machinery and stockholders, but sharing individually in the work of production Industrial democracy will reign not nly in each plant and company, but throughout each industry and through the whole national economy With its reign unemployment, starvation wages and insecurity on the job will more and more be outlawed

And as this process of self-government in industry grows (with the help of God nd a few more enlightened employers), the union will not grow obsolete but will remain always as the governing machinery of the workers, expressing their will, binding them together, working constantly for their material and mental improvement and cooperating harmoniousl with management

We moderns' have restricted the word diet" to food Actually it means a WAY OF LIVING Helena Rubinstein's great contribution to modern living her "Cosmetic Diet''gives your skin everything it needs to mke you the radiant, dynamic woman f to-day Let Miss Stella Donnan, vh will be at Ahern's till April 18th., make a free diagnosis of your skin and prescribe a special Cosmetic diet for your individual skin requirements

id ±

GlO\T \Xt\"f Pierluigi di Palestrina was born in 1526 at Palestrina, in the province of Rome, from which according to the general �tom of the period, he took his nd His' early schooling came from eith! I his parish priest or in his school of choristers attached to his native Ca thedral, and he continued to study music after his normal education had been completed We find him in Rome from 1540 to 1544 studying under the noted maestrp, Gaudio Mell, and on returning to his birthplace he became organist and Magister Puerorum of the Cathedral choir

The real beginning of his musical career came in 155l when his old Bishop was elected to the See of Peter as Pope Julius III, who appointed Palestrina as Magister Cappellae and Magister Puerorum of the Julian Chapel at a salary of six scudi per month and a house While holding these offices he published his first book of Masses and dedicated them to his patron, Pope Julius

On January 13, 1555 Palestrina, by command of the Pope, was enrolled among the choristers of the Sistine Chapel This proved to be without advantage, as it involved of necessity resignation from his office in the Julian Chapelthis now being bestowed upon his friend Animoccia Furthermore, the legality of Palestrina's appointment to the Sistine Choir was disputed on the grounds that he was married However, the Papal will was law during the life of the Pontiff, and for the time being no action was taken,

The case assumed a less benevolent aspect very soon for Julius III died only five weeks at er the appointment and was succeeded by Marcellus II, who survived his elevation to Peter's chair only twenty-three days, his successor being Pope Paul IV, a stern reformer who within a vear dismissed Palestrina from the Sistine Choir and gave him a consolatory pension of six scudi per month

In the October of 1555, Palestrina was appointed Magister Cappellae of the Pope's own Cathedral of St John Lateran, a singular honour and proof of Pope Paul's favour and recognition despite the Sistine dismissal He was also allowed to retain his consolatory pension

n Februarv, 156I, Palestrina exchanged the Lateran appointment for a similar one at the Basilica of St Mary Major This office he retained

Palestrina and Polyphony

Byy W LESLIE PALMER in The Universe

Sistine Chapel for the first time in the presence of Pius IV, who approved it and polyphonic music was saved from the threatened expulsion from church services

So cordial was the Papal epproval that Palestrina was appointed composer to the Sistine Chapel-an honour especially created for himand by way of extra acknowledgement three scudi were added to his monthly pen-

Vatican Year War Status of

sion This famous Mass was printed in his second book of Masses dedicated to Philip II of Spain ,and arriel the title "Missa Papae Marcelli"

In 1571 on the death of Animoccia, Palestrina was once again appointed Maestro di Capella Giullia (Master of the Julian Chapel) He also became Maestro of Philip Neri's oratory St Philip Neri, who founded the Congregation of the Oratory, was not the founder of Oratorio, although he probably popularised it by training his schoolboys to sing it

Palestrina was still a poor man, and in 1580 suffered a heavv blow in the loss of his wife, but in February, 1581, he married againa rich widow Vir ginia Dormuli

In 1586 the Pope wished to appoint him Master of the Pontifical Choir in succession to Boccapadule, and the latter was ordered to prepare the choir for the change This was so badlv done that calumniators spread the allegation that Palestrina had caused this bungling to enhance his prestige when he took over the choir

The Pope severely punished the detractors, but Palestrina lost the appointment presumably on the grounds that Papal positions must be above suspicion, and on February 2, 1594, he died in the arms of Philip Neri

Maintains PreDanzig and Poland Book

until 1576, and these years constitute a very important eriod n the history of music

It was in 1562 that the Council of Trent condemned the character and style of post renaissance church music, and appointed a commission of eight cardinals to investigate certain abuses which were found to be so serious that t was proposed to forbid all music at church services, except plain chant ot unisonous unacompanied inging In these circumstances Palestrina was n vited to come to the rescue and prove that polyphonic church music need not be theatrical or disedifying He submitted three Masses which were rendered b a choir privately before the commission in June, 1565, the third one eing warmly approved, for on June 19 1565, t was sung publicly in the

[PLEASE STICK TH�I TO YOUR TELEPHONE

Danzig and Poland retain their prewar status in the 1940 edition of the Vatican's official year book, 'Annuario Pontificio " Albania too still appears as a separate country despite Italian occupation CzechoSlovakia, however, now appears as Bohemia-Moravia and Slovakia Slovakia is listed in the countries which have diplomatic representation at the Holy See, but no Nuncio or other official has been appointed

The name of Mr Myron C Taylor appears after the list of diplomats: he is described as the "representative of His Excellenev the President of the United States with rank of Ambassador Extraordinary."

The "Annuario" lists 38 countries having diplomatic relations with the Holy See The Holy See has a similar number of diplomatic missions abroad and there are also 22 Apostolic Delegations which have not diplomatic status

IF YOU ARE

For the first time the Annuario' includes in the list of dead Bishops Mgr Manuel Irurita, Bishop of Barcelona He was believed to be still alive when the 1939 edition was published: now his death is dated December 3 1936. less than five months after the beginning of the civil war in Spain. New Dioceses

The present Holy Father is shown to have established eight archdioceses and dioceses, besides a number of vicariates in the mission fields

There are now 258 residential archbishoprics and 940 residential bishoprics The titular sees number 772, and the vicariates, each of which has a Bishop, 306 There are also 14 patriarchates, four of them titular

NORWEGIAN WRITER GIVES ALL FEES TO FINNS

Sigrid Undset, the famous Norwegian Catholic authoress and Nobel Prize winner, announced that she would renounce all her rights to the royalties from her books in favour of the Finnish Red Cross

FATHER LORDS VIEWS ON DEPORTING REDS

St Louis, U S A

The question whether Communists should be deported is the subject of comment by the Rev Daniel A, Lord, SJ., editor of "The Queen's Work," in the current issue of the national Catholic monthly published here The article:

Let me make a distinction a distinction between active Communists and inactive Communists If a man is a Communist in the sense that he is convinced that Communism is right and lives his life according to Communistic principles, but does not impose those principles on others, then neither in his conviction nor in his living is he a public enemy of the State

But if the Communist is actively working against our Government, if he really fights with the intention of establishing a dictatorship of the prole tariat, he is a public enemy By the very fact that he is carrying out the orders of an international party that is bent on world revolution he is a public menace

Deportation, however, may not be the solution unless such a Communist is also an alien Aliens live within a country that is not their own only by permission of the government of that ountry And that permission of the government does not grant the right to work for that country's overthrow But if such a Communist is not an alien, he should, I believe, be punished in cue of th other ways that are recgnised by our Government

WOMAN IN U S HAS 200 NUNDOLLS.

Kays Kansas

Some 200 dolls, each garbed as a nun and representing a different order or congregation, are possessed by Mrs. Margaret Sahli, of this town

Collected in five years and representing an investment of £800 she calls the 200 dolls her Little Communitv of Love

Members of the orders clothed the dolls

Mrs Sahli obtains imported dolls and sends them to the various orders in the United States, Canada, Mexico and even to India where they are clothed in the actual material used in the nuns' garbs

Miniature Glasses

tome bear rings of gold or silver according to the regulations of communities using rings

To make the dolls look realistic 2 of them were fitted with miniature spectacles

A great deal of correspondence has been necessarv to secure the co·opera tion of some of the orders In some cases a Bishops recommendation was essential, and often a mother-house 1n some distant part of the world had to be consulted

When displayed at parish bazaars each doll is numbered and the order and its mother-house are listed

Thursday, April 4, 1940.

LIBERALISM

LlBER.1:\Ll�:\I i5 :.i. sin ln the in dividual we must take account of good intentions, of lack of ight, nd of surroundings which lessen «snsibility, but considered in itself liberalismn is a sin of the mind and a supreme nsult to Gcd- -that is the sin oi liberlism In the "De·laration f the Rights of Man " and in the liberties that flow from it, man has put himself in the place of God Let us ee how things have worked out According to modern principles and modern law man ought to be and mav in fact be, in the place where God simply because He is Godhas alone the right to be By the very nature of things He the Creator and absolute Master, is the God of the individual conscience, the God of society of nations, and of the whole universe He is suppressed, and in His place the human mind has set up man and man's deas Thus man is substituted for God, that is to say, deified, and becomes absolute and arbitrary master of his destiny personal, domestic and social, national, international and world wide Man is, and has proclaimed himself master If in his wisdom he judges it opportune as an individual to submit to what he believes to be "God' "Christ"' or the Church" he will not be interfered with because he is mas ter of his own conscience But the introduction of this God and of His Church into the State or the social order will not be tolerated by him

GOD A USURPER

As man has been officially substituted for God anyon who desires to give God His true position becomes the enemy of man, who is master of the universe and of the social order Of necessity God and the Church become usurpers Every effort made by the Church to accomplish her mission in the social order is regarded as an attempt at clerical domination over society General and universal secularisation ecessarily follow The individual is secularised, and is considered as enjoying only a human dignity, made up of the natural human principles of humanity, justice, goodness etc Everv social institution must be secularised-States, the constitutions of nations and their legislation, governments, parliaments senates every official organism, public intitutions and even private ones, having any contact with official organisms, must bear upon them the imprint of man alone

All traces of the supernatural are blotted out The supernatural order must be considered as non-existent If the Church survives owing to the desires of individuals she must take her place, even in the most favourable conditions as a private society, with no public rights She can only enjoy from the social standpoint the rights and privileges which man thinks well to bestow on her A government composed of Catholies may be favourable to her, but this favour depends neces sarily on man, who has the right to refuse it or concede it at his good pleasure, MAN SUPREME

This is the crowning iniustire, for thus the Supreme Being is deprived of His absolute right, it is the supreme nsult because after been unjustly despoiled, He is declared a usurper How do modern liberties issue in this fatal conclusion?

We have said that for the modern man the sole existent truth is man's thought From this fact, every State orsociety and State built upon the principles of 1789 is, by its very constitution, incapable of admitting or proclaiming any truth of recognising or professing any form of worship It is the logical consequence of the great modern liberties" Let us explain, taking as an example freedom of instruction One master teaches such propositions as these: "God exist!" Jesus Christ is God," 'the Catholic Church is a divine work." In virtue g'its principles the State must allow mm to continue But if another mas}S' teaches doctrines contradicting the Qrmer "God does not exist," "Jesus Christ did not exist. or suffered from hallucination," the Church is a great conspiracy," in virtue of the same prin£'Ples,_ the Statemust let_him go on hat is to say, the State does not hold any of these doctrines and must not ["ognise any of them as true It St protect both by the same consti tional rights and to the same degree

The only thing it receives as true "that every person is free to teach 1 strict logic it follows that the mod- S"" State is necessarily atheistic and ""thinking because the constitutions tates are freethinking atheistic or mo; '>» " ' t re accurately, non-true, "without ruth,"' which : : t, el means in practice agamnst ruth and against God

B FATHER DENIS FAHEY, CS.Sp DUTIES OF THE STATE

When the modern State is faced by en objective existent truth such as the primary truth- God exists what must be its attitude, if it is not to deny its principles? It must not know that in the proposition God exists," truth is found. It must not adhere thereto To act otherwise would be to express knowledge of truth, and the will to accept it The modern State cannot do either the one or the other: It must have the same attitude towards the two doctrines God exists," God does not exist"

Socially the modern State must not know if there is such a thing as truth It must oppose the introduction of anv teaching as true For to introduce anything as truth would be to make truth superior to the State and the constitution of a countrv- and this can never be

States and national constitutions cannot but be opposed to the action of truth as long as they remain what they ere, ie, non-true atheistic, opposed to every principle that does not leave them master and arbiter of their own destiny and thus in practice opposed to God to Christ and to the Church.

On the other hand, every idea, in so far as it is man's idea, has a right to be taught and has the support of the State for an imperative reason The State knows only man, Human thought and all ideas are the product of the human mind In teaching them nothing superior to man is introduced into society

The ideas God exists,' the CathoSic Church is divine," hve a right to be taught, not because they are the expression of objective truth, but because certain subjects of the State consider these ideas to be good and to be of private or public utility The idea Gd does not exist," "the Catholic Church is a mass of trickery," have exactly the same right to be taught

Logically it must be the same thing with the teaching of theft, murder, im moralitv, assassination A legislation, which, in fact, contradicts the principles of the State, condemns and executes the unfortunate men who put these things into practice, but does not forbid doctrines which lead directly to them In short, the State teaches through ts subjects the ideas of its subject This must be the case, since the State knows only man and whatever is merely human

ABOMINABLE INSULTS

Thus modern principle and modern jurisprudence inevitably issue in su preme injustice towards God and insult Him in the most abominable fashion

This is how Leo XIII expresses himself in his letter to the Archbishop of Bogota (Letter of April 6 1900):

"When the question arises of how to act in publie affairs Catholics are solicited in opposite directions by contrary interests and are disturbed by violent disputes, which generally arise from differences in the interpretation of Catholic doctrine on the subject of liberalism

"The Sovereign Pontiff teaches that the main principle and foundation of liberalism is the rejection of the divine law; what Naturalists or Rationalists aim at in philosophy, that the supporters of liberalism carrying out the principles laid down by naturalism, are attempting in the domain of morality and politics The fundamental doctrine of rationalism is the supremacy of the human reason which refusing due submission to the divine and eternal reason, proclaims its own independence, and constitutes itself the supreme principle and source and judge of truth Hence these followers of libralism deny the existence of any divine authority to which obedience is due, and proclaim that every man is the law to himself; from which arises that ethical system which they style independent morality and which under the guise of liberty, exonerates man from anv obedience to the commands of God and substitutes a boundless licence This is the first and most hurtful degree of liberalism. On the one hand it rejects and completely destroys all authority and divine law whether natural or supernatural, on the other hand it declares that the constitution of society depends on the will of individuals and that sovereign authority proceeds from the masses as from its first source "

LIBERALISM IN PRACTICE

What is the attitude of mind created in practice by principles of liberalism?

The direct result of liberalism is anarchy or tyranny That anarchy should spring from liberalism, as a consequence flows from its proper prin ciple, is plain enough. Let us repeat it for the hundredth timeaccording to modern constitutions everyone has the right to think as he pleases and to live as he thinks But if his thought is the guide of conduct for each one without the restraints of objective truth, it is obvious that we are tending to a complete licentiousness of mind and of action Moreover the inevitable outcome of liberalism is tyranny This has been made clear more than once; to restrain all the excesses of mind heart and will, recourse has been had to the general will, and laws have had to be made, Law alone is held to create justice and right, but if law represents the general will of the people and this people is directed by a will that is evil, atheistic impious, immoral, what can be expected except tyranny? Governments rule in the name ofthe people, and in the name of the people the most incredible and fantastic injustices are imposed Such are the consequences of liberalism Anarchy and Bolshevism are its lineal descendants Liberalism undermines the foundations of order in every society In a word, then, modern principles of liberty have a profoundly destructive influence.

Leo XII expresses one consequence of liberalism as follows "The number of souls lost (bv reason of the conditions produced among the nations by the principles of modern Law) is incalculable" (Letter, "Sapientiae Christianae," on The Chief Duties of Christians as Citizens," January 10 1890) Look, for example at the evil resulting from the freedom of the Press How many souls are corrupted by reading bad newspapers and the immoral and impious publications which abound in every countrv? How many souls are eternally lost on account of the protection by which all literary, scientific and other productions are legally surround ed? How many souls at this moment damned would not be so if this accursd freedom of the Press did not exist? It is the same with freedom of teaching What is it that allows the promoters of disorder to teach their doctrines and to corrupt minds except this absolute libertv which is so benevolently granted to them?

LIBERTY AND FREEDOM. Does not what has just been said involve a fresh condemnation of the distinction between the thesis'' and the hypothesis," the ideal and the actual state of things?

It certainly does To become fully aware of the harm done bv so-ca Catholic liberalism, we have to lok at it from the point of view exp' mned above Quieting consciences and putting them to sleep does not prevent evil from flourishing but it does prevent good from being done

The words liberty and freedom are very often wrongly used in our day

Just as the overthrow of right order in the sixteenth centurv was stvled reform and the revolt against God in 1789 was' termed emancipation and progress, so now the abuse of liberty is termed the exercise of freedom Liberty is the power of adopting the means which lead to man's happiness, that is, the power of doing in unimpeded fashion what he ought to do It cannot be too often insisted upon that it is in doing what he ought to do that man lives as a man and thus attains his good Man is free in proportion to his power to exercise his selective capacity unhampered either by revolts within himself or by obstacles in his surroundings provocative of these revolts Freedom does not mean absence of restrictions but the absence of restrictions that are unsuited to the nature of man

(From "The Social Rights of Our Divine Lord, Jesus Christ" Brown and Nolan, Dublin)

HOLY FATHER RECEIVES FAM ILY OF 100.

The Holy Father has granted a private audience to the Pediconi familv They were present in full force, and numbered over one hundred

The family has always been distintinguished for its services to the Holy See The famous Philip Pediconi born in 1810, was an Advocate oi th Rota, and his descendants made their mark in the law, in agriculture, in medicine, in art and in civil enginerng

For many years they have been among the friends of the Pacelli family, and the house in which the Holy Father was born34, Via di Monte Giordano (now known as Via degli Orsini)-belonged to them The room in which little Eugenio Pacelli first saw the light has been made into a chapel by order of Signor Tito Pediconi He himself was a school companion of the Pope's at the Sisters of Providence's kindergarten in Piazza Fiammetta

Among members of the family are a priest, Don Carlo Pediconi, and Sister Matilda of the Congregation of Nzareth The latter came from Naples expressly for the audience

Zimpel's curtain range is complete You can get a set of curtains for as low as 6/11, nd a delightful set in all the latest styles priced 67 '6 Your furnishings at Zimpels will cost you less and will give you

OBJECTIONABLE

ILLUSTRA TIONS

To the Editor.

Sir The publication of objectionable illustrations in "The Broadcaster" of March 16-23 is not the first occasion on which that paper has similarly offended A few years ago I wrote to the editor objecting to an offensive illustration over a religious item The editor replied regretting the occurrene, and stating that the publication of the illustration was due to inadvertence

There is one certain way of bringing home to these people that it does not pay to wound the feelings of Christians, and that is for a number to write to some of the larger advertisers requesting them to advise the editor that complaints have been made that certain illustrations appearing in a paper in which their advertisements appear are offensive to a large section of the public That is what I propose doing in the present instance, and I suggest that others do the same Yours etc.

Victoria Park. D J O'LEARY.

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VonRibbentrop Talks with Pope NO SWASTIKAS AT VATICAN

The Swastika, which Pope Pius XI denounced as 'a cross hostile to the Cross of Christ," was nowhere to be seen in the Vatican when Herr on Ribbentrop called on Monday, 1Ith ult, to have audience of the Holy Father.

Diplomatic courtesy demanded that cars should be sent from the Vatican to fetch the German Foreign Minister and his suite The privilege of riding behind the Papal and national flags side bv side on the bonnets of the cars was withheld That facet has been generally noted

What has not been generally noted lS that when Rippentrop and his suite had the usual photograph taken in the Vatican they were alone No prelate stood with them On every other similar occasion visitors have been accompanied by Mgr Mella, the Pope's Maestro di Camera, and other prelates Nor did Ribbentrop or his companions including, it is believed, members of the Gestapowear Swastika armlets

Previously, in an unusual official statement, the 'Osservatore Romano had made it clear that not the Pope but Ribbentrop had sought the audience, applying through the German Ambassador to the Holy See, Dr von Bergen Long Audience

The Pope spent an hour and five minutes in private conservation with the visitor Afterwards Ribbentrop went to the official apartment of the Papal Secretary of State, Cardinal Maglione, and spent 45 minutes with His Eminence Cardinal Maglione ater paid the customary courtesy call at the German Embassy His Eminence remained there the normal 20 minutes, What the Holy Father and Cardinal Maglione said to Ribbentrop is a secret No official communiques are issued after such visits.

Everyone has assumed naturally that His Holiness reinforced the protests which both he and Pope Pius XT have made against the violent persecution of religion in Germany Nor can it be doubted that His Holiness expressed deep sorrow and indignation at the murderous assault upon the religion, culture and sovereignty of Po land

PRINTING

University

It is said in some quarters th. t Ribbentrop might have proposed to His Holiness a new Concordat between the Holy See and the Reich No new Concordat was needed The Concordat of 1933 is still there to be honoured; it as not made to last a few years and cannot become out-ofdate since it deals with eternal religious and natural rights

Moreover f he will read Pope Pius YTs Encvclical of 1937 the Holv Father wrote it in German von Ribbentrop will see clearly what the Holy See wants from Germany in the way of observance of a Concordat Lack of Trust

He will have seen that the Holy See had been doubting for a considerable time if the Nazi leaders of Germanv could be trusted to keep their word Pope Pius XI, wrote: "In the summer of 1933 Venerable Brethren"-His Holiness was writing to the German Bishops "We accepted the offer made by the Government of the Reich to institute negotiations for a Concordat n connection with a proposal of the previous year, and to the satisfaction of you all brought them to a conclusion with a solemn agreement

"In spite of many serious misgivings at the time We forced Ourselves to decide that We should not withhold Our consent We do not refuse the hand of peace of Mother Church to anyone who does not himself reject it

"Extermination "

"If the tree of peace which We planted with pure ntention in German soil has not borne the fruit We desired in the interests of your people, no one in the wide world who has eyes to see and ears to hear can sav to-dav that the fault lies with the Church and her Head The lessons of the past years make t clear where the responsibility lies

"Thev disclose machinations that from the beginning had no other aim than a war of extermination

'Ve have done everything to defend the sanctity of a word solemnly piedged to protect the inviolability of obi gations freely undertaken, against theories and practices which, f officiallv approved, must destroy all confdence and render valueless anv word that might also be pledged in the future

To change the meaning of the agreement, to evade the agreement to empty the agreement of all its signi

ficance, and finally more or less openly to violate the agreement, has been made the unwritten law of conduct by the other party"

It may truly be said that where the Nazi leaders are concerned the Vatican places little hope in anything less than a Pauline conversion

Pope Pius XI said in that Encyclical: "We pray also for the persecutors and oppressors; may the Father of all light and all mercy grant them an hour of enlightenment such as was vouchsafed to Paul on the road to Damascus, for themselves and all those who with them have erred and err"

Poland

It is supposed, too, that von Ribbentop set before the Holy Father the Nazi leaders' war aims Against these are set the Pope's Five Peace Points, the first of which is that a fundamental postulate of an honourable and just peace is that of the right to life and freedom of all nations big and small, powerful and weak''

Ribbentrop, emerging from the Vatican, was looking extremely glum PERSECUTION IN THE UKRAINE.

Priests in the Ukraine, now in Russian occupation, have become so poor that they are finding it hard to obtain even the few drops of wine and morsels of bread necessary for the celebration of Mass Five monasteries the asilian Fathers have been suppressed. In their other ten houses only a few priests are permitted to remin: the buildings are for the most part occupied by Russian troops

The clergy are trying to remain t,- gether as communities Only xtreme hunger can drive them apart When they were sent away from their houses they were forbidden to take away any of their possessions

Redemptorist priests have suffered the same fate

Poverty-stricken though the country is, it is now being made to provide for any thousands of refugees and a huge Russian army Four hundred teaching Sisters have been driven from their convents Their schools have been suppressed Thev have no shelter and no means of maintaining themselves

Five hundred Sisters of the Immaculte Virgin have been treated in the same wav From one village several nuns were made to walk four miles with their hands raised above their heads

In spite of oppression the people are remaining steadfast in their Faith

Not all the Russians are persecutors Many have been seen kneeling in the churches °

One priest is treasuring a rouble which a Russian officer gave him as a Mass offering

SOUTH AFRICAN BISHOP SAYS OUR WAR IS JUST

But We Must Not Think Ourselves Stainless Capetown

Thank God that our declaration « war left us with a clear conscience, writes Bishop Delalle, OM I. oi the Natal Vicariate, in a pastoral letter to his people

"We declared war through selfrespect fidelity to our promises, a sen timent of selfpreservation

But"' continues His Lordship, an we play the part of the Pharisee? Have we not in the previous years run into a heavy debt towards Him Who alone judgeth the peoples'?

''Have we profited bv the lessons of the Great War? Have we respected the rights of God over man, given Him the first place in our public and pri- vate life?

Have we never done anything against religion, justice and charity, which ought to be our great national virtues? He would be blind and foolish, and a hypocrite who should contend that our record with God is stainless"

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Romanticism and the FREEDOM OF MAN

R IFOR EVANS has written

Mso good a book that 1t 1:; a thousand pities that it is not just a bit better Let us get our complaint against him off our chests before we have started, and then turn to more ortant matters. (' Tradition and Ro- 1mp« M.:h manticism

By Ifor Evans Methuen

The book is a reprint of a number of his lectures and there are at least two assages that keep recurring again and hcain in lecture after lecture with hardlv a variation of a word The one is his complaint of the lack of a native mythology in English literature The other is Keats' tribute to 'the negative capability" of Shakespeare The quotation is clearly a favourite one with Mr Evans and I think that we get it in one context or another six times in the course of this book Surely that is too much Now to the serious business

The text-books neatly tell us which poets are romantic and which classical, and what were the schools to which they belonged. Such a method of criticism is all very well in France or Germany where the poets are conscr ous of their membership of their schools But in England it is not the poets themselves, but the text-book writers who have invented the classifications. The poets themselves are usually dead and buried long before, and quite uncnscious of the neat little phrases in which they are afterwards to be recommended to the students for honours degrees. The poets were generally much larger men than those who were subsequently to discuss them and if we turn frm the books about them to their own wrk we often find that they were bnt imperfectly obedient to the formula in which academic critics were afterwards t describe their work

In an admirable ssay Mr Evans gives us an historical survey of the six or seven different senes in which the word "romantic" has been usd That eing so, it is a least arguable that it would be bettr not to ue it at all

Classification h its purposes but it so easily become refuge from criticism or at least from appreciation and poets are condemned not because thev fail to give aesthetic pleasure, but because they refuse to write in acord nce with some academi rmula

Now a large part of the confusion of modern criticism arises from that shy escapism, which tries to describe in non-religious language matters for which the language of religion is the only proper description Of this shyness Mr Evan: is admirably free I am not speaking as the reader will see f he bears with me for a minute or two of the use of verse for what is now known as propaganda not even for Catholic propaganda I am merely speaking of the fact that the deep things of life can onlv be described in religious language All other language is inadequate to them

Thus superficial talk often speaks a if everyone knew, and was agreed upon what a man was and as if the only problems were those of what the man should think about the world in which he found himself and how he should behave It is clear that this is far from being so. The most fundamental difference between men, both poets and othersis their difference about the nature of man, and, until we have first understood how the great poets thought differently about themselves, it is but a pedant's waste of time to tag on them their little labels descriptive of their different methods of writing

Now it is Mr Evans' great merit that he does understand that the changes of the sixteenth and seventeenth century did change the nature of the Englishman, his own view of himself Dryden thought that the mantle of Chaucer had fallen upon him, but Dryden could never be a second Chaucer because, quite apart from other differences, the attitude towards life which Drydenheld as a challenge to be defended against enemies was to Chaucer a natural air which he breathed, and which he took for granted as much in all his neighbours as himself

Since the beginning of time, poetry and philosophy have naturally been busy with the attempt to read the riddle of man's curious naturehalf God and half beast Various solutions of it have been thrown down before the world There is the Manichaean solution which would condemn the bodv as

merely evil There is the romantic sensualist who insists upon the glory of the body but leads us to a heartbreaking despair because he has bidden us set all our affections upon that which must inevitably perish

But beauty vanishesbeauty passes However rarerare it be And when I crumble who will remember

That lady of the West Countree."

Now these are the two attitudes natural to man, in the sense that they are the attitudes to which man must inevitably come if he faces the world unaided by power beyond himself A study of merely English poetry or English history tends to describe the Manichaean attitude as Puritan, and a secularist critic perhaps describes and attacks the Puritan attitude as Chris tian and condemns Christianity as the inventor of asceticism We have only to look to the East to see that Christianitv's contribution was not the invention but the sane control of asceticism, and we need only turn to a poet as little troubled with intimations of Christianitv as Catullus to find the evidence for the profound loathing for the sensualism which is at thesame time loved, when there is no religious authority to keep it in balance It is idle to preach hedonism as if that were a

•Cristopher Hollis

refuge, for the whole dilemma is, as Shakespeare saw, that that which is "past reason hunted" is also "past reason hated"

Puritanism was not therefore really a new form of Christianity however of its followers may to be so For authority i. in.egral to Christianity Puritanism was a revolt against Christianitv a rv lt to one of the alternative attitude. towards life into which man inevitably drops when he attempts to face the world without authoritv For it is only man who accepts authority who can in confidence take the third attitude towards the paradox of matter- the attitude that there is indeed beauty that beauty passes that it should be loved while it is there but need not be too much mourned when it is gone, for it was not for it that we were finally made, and indeed we need not grieve too much for the passage of time, for there exists One who has dominion over time itself Among those who hold this third attitude there is a further subdivisionthe subdivision into those who hold it in a society in which all men hold it and those who hold it under challenge Take, for instance, Chaucer, whom one can never take too often, if you would understand anything about the nature of man Wht later English writer would have dared to put in a quiet and whimsical plea that comedy is really a higher and more serious thing than tragedy Go, little book, go my little tragedie, There God my maker yet ere I die, So send me might to make some comedie," is his only commentary on the greatest of his tragedies and the first great tragedy of English literature But the shyning of thy forme, that is to seyn, the beauty of the body,' Mr Evans quotes from his Boethius, "how swiftly passing is it, and how transitorie; certes, it is more flittinge than the mutabilitie of flowers of the somersesoun,"

The Catholic culture in England did not, of course, perish with the first Tudor legislation Shakespeare and Donne were both of the Catholic cul ture With the exception of a few jokes thrown at M volio and Oliver Marcet, there is no trace in Shakespeare's writing that there is such a thing as Protestantism, and every moral problem which Shakespeare raises is discussed on the assumption that the Catholic solution is the correct one Yet he has put quite sufficient

nihilistic speculation into the mouths of his characters to show us that here was not a spirit completely at ease in its balance as was the spirit of Chaucer, and in Donne, though there be little of the influence of the theology which was required from a Dean of St Paul's, there is plenty of evidence of that Catullan disease, which is the inevitable penalty of the loss of balance

From Puritan times onwards there has been yet a different tale to tell It is absurd to set the poet in isolation from the society around him The English may have preserved many ethical virtues, but the tone of their society has been prdominantly irreligious in the sense of being "this worldly" The individual, poet or otherwise, who set his heart upon "the other country" did so knowing that h was thereby isolating himself from the society around him At first, like Dryden before the battle was hopeless, he attempted to convert the world by arguing with it (And indeed Dryden was well qualified for such argument, for it was his logic which took him beyond the things of this world; his natural interest was fixed in them) But, as the gnerations passed there grew up a society so alien from the Chaucerian vision that there was no hope to convert it even by argument It complacently accepted the false for true The last thing that occurs to"Gray is t meditate on the present habitation of the occupants of the churchyard of Stoke Poges Keats, "half in love with tuneful death," or Browning a little too heartily greeting "the unseen with a cheer" are both a world away from the vision of St Thomas More on the Four Last Things And the consequence has been most disastrous The consequence has been that a vision, a part of whose virtue it is that it should be the vision not of one man but of one man in a society which shares it, becomes a vision which isolates a man from his neighbours, instead of one which unites him And so we find the poets of modern times who are most alive to the Catholic vision do not speak language like Chaucer which thev are confident will be understood bv their neighbours On the con trary, writers like Coventry Patmore, Father Hopkins, or Mr T S Eliot, seem almost to find a psychological satisfaction in an obscurity which shuts them out from the understanding of the vulgar This is a calamity For the Chaucerian vision that is to say the Catholic vision, is a vision not for one man, but for all men, and to be shared among men

Such a writer as Mr H G Wells may speak of the opposition between the Catholic mind and the modern mind Such language helps us but little, for the whole question is which is right and which is wrong The world must be of a nature, and therefore a world in which everv individual has a differ-

ent philosophy is a world selfevidently absurd Few things in recent years have been written more interesting than Mr Evans' final essay on W B Yeats Yeats was far from being Chaucer Yet he had, almost alone among non-Catholic crities, the sense that it was abnormal not to be a Catholie What theme had Homer save original sin?" he cried in one of his poems And in prose, as Mr Evans quotes, "Though I preferred Shakespeare to Chaucer, I begrudged my own preference Had not Europe shared one heart and mind until both mind and heart began to break into iragments a little before Shakespeare's birth?" Or again of Boccaccio and Cervantes, "They belonged to the same world It is we who are different" It is we who are different'' That is the great lesson of English poetry, es indeed of English life, ever since the Puritans The English seem to themselves natural men, but in the eyes of history this phase of three hundred years, divorced from the supernatural, will seem a period of abnormality We are in the last vears in which this will be taken for a paradox Our grandchildren will take it for granted "The Tablet"

St. Vincent de Paul

The quarterly general meeting of the St Vincent de Paul Society will be held at the Church of Christ the King Beaconsfield on Sunday next at 3 pm Anyone attending may take the Beaconsfield tram at the Fremantle Station or Town Hall and alight at Ed mund-street

Racing Selections

By The Hauk

BELMONT PARK

Saturday, April 6, 1940

Belmont Plate: Wynbring, 1; Samoan Clipper, 2; Charming Wave 3 Breeders' Handicap: Yedrion 1; Ripplian, 2; Mylopia, 3 BelmontPurse: Owlet, 1; Silvarra, 2, Seranto, 3 Belmont Handicap: Amusing, 1; Prince Cunje, 2; Bonne Foi, 3 Trial Stakes: Starter 1; Mystery 2; Ragtime, 3 Welter Handicap: Breakers, 1; Treleen, 2; Blue Lake, 3.

Trotting Selections

GLOUCESTER PARK

Saturday, April 6, 1940

WA. Breeders' Handicap: Black Yamma 1; Owyhee Sheik 2; Sunstretta, 3 Bridgetown Handicap: Maud Pointer, 1; Silver Emblem, 2; Bronette, 3 Bunbury Handicap: Ryeland Chief, 1; Flying Daly 2; Plain Percy, 3. Sires' Produce Stakes: Lady Medina, 1; Red Runner, 2; Kolrock, 3 Swan Handicap: Spot Dance, 1; Huon Rock, 2; Marquis d'Or, 3 Harvey Handicap: Belle Betel 1; Polly Alvis, 2; Talismo, 3 King's Park Handicap: Royal Edna, 1; Moreica, 2; Louis Braden, 3

APRIL 6th

ALEX. CLYDESDALE Secretary

TELEPHONE: B9141

PERTH THURSDAY APRIL 4. 1940

Welcome to His Excellency

The visit of His Excellency the Apostolic Delegate to the ecclesiastical province of Perth and its four dioceses is at once a rare and memorable occasion Western Australians are conscious, and perhaps hypersensitive, about their isolation not only from the rest of the world but from the rest of Australia Perth is perhaps the most isolated city in the world In ecclesiastical matters, however, this sense of detachment is by no means so keen as in the econcmic and political spheres, precisely because the Faith we profess is Catholic and the faithful tne world over are bound together by the bonds of Christ's Mystical Body which transcends the barriers of time and space This 1s Indicated by the fact of the extraordinary progress achieved by Catholicism in this State in recent years

Largely as a result of exceptionally capable episcopal leadership the Church in this State has been enabled not merely to vie with the best that the Eastern States has to offer, but in some matters, notably that of providing religious instruction for the children of the outback, to take the national nitiative

The visit of His Excellency, however, will be a great consolation and source of pride to the Catholics of the West, because it will emphasise for them the personal interest of the Holy Father n their welfare and their solidarity with their fellow Catholics throughout Australia in loyalty and idelity to the Church of Christ and the See of Rome The Church in Australia has had the privilege of a personal representative of the Holy Father only since 1914 -a fact which indicates at once the youth and vigour of Catholicism in Australia and its emergence from missionary status His Excellency Archbishop Panico is the fourth Apostolic Delegate, and he follows in the wake of most illustrious predecessors The first was Archbishop Cerretti, who ater was raised to the Cardinalate and returned to Australia as Papal Legate to the Sydney Congress in 1928 His premature death was a genuine personal loss to the Catholics of Australia He was followed by Archbishop Cattaneo, who held office for sixteen years, during that period in which the Church of this country was shedding ts swaddling clothes The next was Archbishop Bernardini who, though only two years amongst us, endeared himself very greatly to the Australian people and won the confidence and respect of all sections

The present Apostolic Delegate then, who will be in our midst next week, maintains and extends the noble traditions of the past Dr Panico himself has had a most brilliant career in the Vatican Diplomatic Service He has served the Church with distinction in South America, Czecho-Slovakia, and Bavaria, and his appointment to Australia was at once a personal token of appreciation to himself and a pledge oi the paternal interest of the Holy Father in his children of the antipodes His Excellency came to Australia at that time when the new vitality and dynamism of Australian Catholicism was making itself feltlargely through Catholic Action, and his vigorous interest and encouragement has been largely responsible for the striking progress of the last few years Among many notable achievements have been the thorough organisation and extension of Catholic Action and its canonical erection, the extension of the Propagation of the Faith, and the awakening of the "Mission conscience" (especially in regard to the aborigines), together with the important decrees of the Fourth Plenary Council, which was held under the Presidency of His Excellency Already His Excellency has visited the most far-flung districts under his jurisdiction, ncluding the Dutch East Indies and New Zealand, at whose memorable Congress he was Papal Legate His welcome to this State will be worthy of the occasion At His Excellency's express wish there will be no civic or public reception, because the Apostolic Delegate is conscious of the anxious times through which our country is passing and will pass The liturgical reception which has been arranged will, however, be most pleasing to His Excellency ecause it will demonstrate th Faith and the spiritual delight of Catholics in having in their midst a most distinguished representative of the Holy Father after a period of seven years

His Grace the Archbishop will leave by 'plane on Sunday morning for Kalgoorlie, where he will bless the new extensions to Christian Brothers' College on Sunday afternoon His Grace will also visit Norseman k k k k ARCHBISHOP'S ENGAGEMENTS

April 14-1l am : Liturgical Reception to His Excellency the Apostolic Delegate at the Cathedral Celebrate Pontifical High Mass.

April 17 9 a m : Bless new Church at Capel

April 21 730 p m : Canonical

Thursday, April 4, 1940

The Month's Mind for the late Archbishop Kelly will take place on Thursday, April 11, at St Mary's Basilica, Sydney His Grace the Archbishop of Melbourne, Most Rev D Mannix, will be the celebrant, and the panegyric will be preached by His Grace Archbishop Duhig, of Brisbane

On Sunday last, March 3l, the sol emn enthronement of the second Bishop of Wagga, Most Rev Dr F A Henschke, took place The officiating prelate was His Excellency the Apostolic Delegate, Most Rev J Panico, D D, JU D Solemn Pontifical Mass was celebrated by Bishop Henschke The occasional address was given by the Bishop of Wilcannia-Forbes, Most Rev Dr T Fox

Most Rev Dr M Beovich will be consecrated and enthroned as Archbishop of Adelaide in St Francis Xavier's Cathedral, Adelaide, on Sunday, April 7, when Pontifical High Mass will be celebrated. The consecrating prelate will be the Apostolic Delegate (Archbishop Panico) and the co-consecrators will be Archbishop N, Gilroy, of Sydney, and Bishop O'Collins, of Geraldton In the evening Pontifical Vespers will be held and on the following day Archbishop Beovich will celebrate Mass at the Cathedral, at which the school children will be present His Grace the Archbishop of Hobart, Most Rev J Simmonds DD. will preach the occasional sermon at the consecration, and His Lordship the Bishop of Sale, Most Rev R Ryan, D D., will be the preacher at Pontifical Vespers

The Mass Committee of the Central Welfare Organisation announces the winner of the electric iron raffle as Mrs Jordan, Stirling-street, Perth (ticket No 9B)

The annual entertainment of the Sacred Heart High School this vear is being held in His Majesty's Theatre on Friday, June 21

Mr and Mrs I P Butler, of Boulder, are at present in Perth to attend the wedding of their youngest son, Joe, and Miss Connie White which takes place at 845 am on April 6 in St Mary's Cathedral It will be followed bv a reception at th~ Savoy Hotel at 10 a m

Two Catholic judges are to be appointed to higher posts in the Queensland judiciary as the result of the retirement on May 16 of the Chief Justice, Sir James Blair. Mr Justice Macrossan will succeed Sir James as Chief Justice of Oieensland, and Mr Justice Webb will take Mr Justice Macrossan's place as Senior Piisne Judge

Visitation and Confirmation at St Columba's South Perth

Mav 1 7 15 a m : Profession ceremony at St John of God Convent, Subiaco

Mav 4 8 a m : Profession ceremony at St Joseph's Convent, Fremantle

May 12 -- -3 p m : Confirmation of adults at St Mary's Cathedral

Mav 17 10 a m : Preside at quarterly conference of the Priests of the metropolitan area

Mav 19: Canonical Visitation and Confirmation at Sacred Heart Church, Beverley

Mav 26: Canonical Visitation and Confirmation at St Patrick's Church, York

Northam Camp

C WO Hut Nearing Completion, The hut which is being built for the Catholic Welfare Organisation at the Northam Military Camp, is now nearing completion, and an appeal is being made for certain essentials which will add to the comfort of the hut Seagrass chairs and lounges are needed, and anyone willing to donate such articles are asked to send them to the Church Office, Victoria Square, Perth. Books and magazines are also required, and they may be left at the Ches terton Book Shop, 36 Pier-street Also donations of Rosaries are asked for, or in lieu of the Rosaries themselves, the sum of 1ls will purchase a pair The Rosaries or cash donations ma e sent to the Church Office

The Society of St. Vincent de Paul requires a wheeled chair for an aged invalid, and would be grateful if any reader in a position to donate one would communicate with the Society c/o Room 9, West Australian Chambers, St George's Terrace, Perth

QUEBECS NEW GOVERNOR A CATHOLIC Quebec's new Governor, Major-Gen eral Sir Marie Joseph Eugene Fiset, is a Catholic IIis first profession was medicine and his studies took him, after Quebec and Paris, to the London Nose and Throat Hospital He had not long been in medial practice however when he started a military career In 1890 he became a lieutenant in the volunteer militia and nine years later went to South Africa with the first Canadian contingent He served with the rank of lieutenant-colonel in the Medical Crps For his services he was promoted colonel and awarded the D,S O Further honours came to him in the Great War in which he served as sur geon-general He was created a CM G and, n 1917, was knighted by King George V In the same year he was made Commander of the Legion of France and before the Armistice had been decorated also bv Serbia- -Order of Officer (first class) of St Sava and with the Czechoslovak Military Medal Since 1924 he has been a member bf the anadi n House of Commons

BOARD AND RESIDENCE North Perth, near Monastery, vacancy for one gentleman; car space Apply 18 Camelia-street

A RETREAT FOR THE CONFRATERNITY OF OUR LADY OF PERPETUAL SUCCOUR Will commence at THE MONASTERY, On APRIL 14, at 3.30 pm

IN MEMORIAM BROWN Of your charity, pray for the repose of the soul of Mary Brown, who died April 6 1937 Sweet Jesus, have metev on her soul Inserted by her loving husband anl family

Thursday, April 4, 1940

Apostolic

Delegate

Programme in His Excellency's Honour

Next week His Excellency the Apostolic Delegate, Most Rev John Panico, S T D., will pay the Archdiocese the visit which he was to have made last year. Later he will visit New Norcia Diocese, Geraldton Diocese, and the Vicariate of the Kimberleys

Below is the programme which has been arranged in his honour:-

Programme

13 Arrival by

Saturday, April train

Sunday, April 141l am : Liturgical Reception in St Mary's Cathedral Pontifical High Mass at which His Excellency the Apostolic Delegate will preside 7 30 p m : Holy Name Men's Demonstration in St Mary's Cathedral Solemn Pontifical Compline Sermon by Rev Father Mcloughlin, C SS R Pontifical Benediction by the Apostolic Delegate

Monday, April 1510 a.m : Solemn High Mass for children in st. Mary's Cathedral His Excellency the Apostolic Delegate will preside and deliver a short address to the children.

p m : Leave ior New Norcia by car

At the express desire of His Excellency, no public or civil function will mark bis visit Owing to the gravity of the times, the Apostolic Delegate wishes that only liturgical celebrations shall be held

r With the approval oi 'His Grace the Archbishop, the following lists for the ceremonies are published:

Sunday, April 14, 11 a m Liturgical Reception and Pontifical High Mass at the Faldstool

Celebrant: His Grace the Archbishop Deacon Re Father McGillicuddy

His

Arrives Next

Sub-Deacon: Rev Father McCaul.

Deacons at the Throne: Very Rev A Kelly, S J; Very Rev. • Haugh, O M I

Assistant Priest: Very Rev E Kennedy Adm

Compline, Sermon and Pontifical

Benediction, Sunday, April 14, 7 30 p.m

Assistants to His Excellency the Apostolic Delegate: Very Rev Father Dur, C.SS.R : Very Rev J Wallace, Adm

Ministers for Benediction

Deacon: Rev E, McBride

Sub-Deacon: Rev G Hussey

Assistants to His Grace the Archbishop: Rev H Kearin; l Re, J T �1dh1hon

Children's Mass, Monday, April 15, 10 a m

Solemn High Mass in the presence of His Excellency the Apostolic Delegate

Celebrant: Vr Rev J Wallace, Adm

Deacon; Rev Father O'Reilly

Sub-Deacon: Rev J McGillicuddy

Assistants at Throne l ery

Rev. E Kennedy, Adm ; Rev J T McMahon

Assistant Priest: Rev J Murphy

Assistants to His Grace the Archbishop: Re T Perrott 5 J , Rev G Husser

The clergy will vest in the Chapter Hall, and the processions on each of the occasions men-

Blesses

tioned above will commence a the Bishop's Palace The dress for those priests assisting at the functions will be iull choir dress, viz , soutane, surplice and biretta All are requested to be vested ten minutes before the times of the junctions The Rev H Lalor will act as assistant M C E JOHNSTON, Master of Ceremonies

Grace Monastery IN HONOUR OF THE LITTLE FLOWER

Shrine of th Little Flower, which has just been completed at the Redemptorist Monastery, North Perth, was blessed on Sunday evening by His Grace the Archbishop, in the presence of one of the largest congregations which has ever been present in the Monastery Chapel

His Grace, »w ring the Cappa Magna, entered the hurch accompanied by the clergy for the recitation of the Rosary, and presided during the preaching of the sermon by the Rev Father Cahill CSS R His Grace then retired to vest for the ceremony f blessmg the shrine, while the choir sang an appropriate hymn His Grace, accompanied by the deacon and sub-deacon, then joined in the procession to the shrine, where the ceremony of blessing was carried out

The ceremonv concluded with Pontifical Benediction which was given bv His Grace the Archbishop

et and yet our age flings itself at her feet and offers her its homage What was the explanation?

It ws " said Father Cahill "the exquisite untarnished childlikeness of her love for God""

She fell in love with God as a child and as a child she loved Him to the ·nd. From first to last the love story f Jesus and Teresa was the love of a sweet and winsome child, for a fond and perfect Father But we must not take away a false impression from her love-tory ''There can be no true love for God'' she said, " hich is not based on sacrifice It must be a suffering love and a loving sufferiny "

The Little Flow»r c nformed t this piritual principle in rery detail of her ife AI the rough and painful things which confront us in the lives of other Saints confront us on every page of hers Like every Carmelite she was a loving, willing sacrificial ictim for the sins of the world

Father Cahill then spoke of the amazing power of this little Saint--how in a world that has well nigh lost faith in miracles she tosses miracles about as a child scatters the petals f a flower- -her 'shower of roses"

"In particular it is opportune to recall to-dav how during the last war amid the scream and rash of bursting shell, she sweetly hovered with tender Occasional Sermon pity over ghastly battlefields Soldiers peakin :. of every nation went into danger calldw@1 '& of the Saint, the preacher ing upon her name andto many her on,ii,""{""eet and loveable per- sweet face nd presence brought peace att ' at was the secret of her and comfort at the end ;""""? Here was an_obscure girt 'vo that the horrors of war have dear,"{re Carmelite Convent Her fallen once again upon the world, now iorg ,_"Sh was to be unknown and that once again_humanhearts are to an L," be despised the world be torn with grief and harrassed with spur' """} runs after her She anxiety and fear for loved ones in danj, Under contemptuous feet all ger we shall be wise to turn again to ose things of which our age is proud-this dear friend of soldiers

Shrine

Speaking of the Shrine, Father ahill sad

N w at ast the happ time has comewe have our Shrine and the Little Flower has a worthy setting for he, beauty

'It is, if I may y it very fitting chat she wh has been named the Patroness of Missins, should be so honoured in the church ot a missionary order It is not difficult to visualis in the years t come youn men fired with missionary zeal kneeling there to speak with her f their vocat Many a voung missionary priest pas sing through this Monastery on his wy to India, Asia or the Philippin Islands will remember her lov far missionary priests, and will kn ther before leaving the shors Aust li ather trength and toilsome abours

Many another worn and broken f kneel there again tude and lav his I

Generations shall all have go vear a vear th show r e • Year vwar 1 ment tholic munifi and ( ] main the meeting plac Year after vear she there into the ears of a teri. l world her sweet love Year after vear feet will turn to it and hearts will worship plore and lips will mo

The architect for the shrin was Mr E Le B Henderson and the builder

Mr L. Dwver The altar which is of polished jarrah with maple panelling was made bv Aherns Ltd. Th statue was supplied by E 1. Dwyr Sydnev,

MUSIC TO BE RENDERED BY THE CATHEDRAL CHOIR

For the Solemn Reception of His Excellency the Apostolic Delegate at the Pontifical High Mass at Il am the choir will render Tu es Petrus'' as Dr Panico, accompanied by His Grace and the clergy, enter the Cathedral This motet is only sung at the entrance of the Ho! Father or, as in this case, for his representative The words are Thou art Peter, and on this rock I will build mv Church and the gates ot hell shall ot prevail against her, and to thee I will give the keys of the kingdom of heaven

This setting, by Dom N Prglia was ung many times in the presence of the late Pope Pius XI

At the Offertory the motet, "Oremus pro Pontifice" by the same composer will be sung The text s

Let us pray for our Holy Father Pius May the Lord preserve him and give him life and make him blessed upon the earth and deliver him not up to the will f his enemies

The Mass will be Perosi's Missa Pon tificalis No 2, and at the conclusion Lotti's Regina oeli" will be sung

This Mass will be broadcast, by the courtesy of the Australian Broadcast ing Commission, over Station 6WF This Sunday (the first of the month) the usual broadcast will not take place

SOLEMN PONTIFICAL COMPLINE-

Solemn Pontifical Compline will be sung by the metropolitan clergy and th athedral 'hoir His Excellency the Apostolic Delegate will preside, and the chanters will be th Rev Father L dv and th Re Father I McGilcuddv

ne s the last of the canonical f th lay, and the general nning through it is a plea fo1 luring th night At after begging a ing short lesson: thre and vigilant; for vour devil oeth about lik a whom h may devour ye strong n ysun a1th

After the "Our Father'' the presiding prelate th Confiteor," which is then repeated by the clrgy Three psalms the 4th, 90th and 133rd (each peaking f God's protection nd le ing), are then sung by the clergy, with the choir singing the alternate verses to falsobordoni be Victoria and Viadana Then follows the hvmn, which will 1 ung by th ·hoir to the setting for

FOURTEEN

five voices by the English Tallis (1501-1585):

composer

Before the ending of the day, Creator of the world, we pray, That with thy wonted favour Thou Wouidsr be our guard and keeper now

rron: all ill dreams defend our eyes, From nightly fears and fantasies: Tread under foot our ghostly foe That no pollution we may know

O Father, that we ask be done, Through Jesus Christ Thy only Son Who with the Holy Ghost and Thee, Doth live and reign eternally Amen

After a short chapter and a respond tsung by the boys) the Nune Dimittis will be sung by the clergy, with the choir alternating with music by Victoria The Office is then terminated with a prayer and a blessing, followed by the Regina Coeli sung in Gregorian Chant by the boys Before the sermon the Easter Hymn will be sung, and before the Benediction a hymn in honour of the Holy Father The Benediction music will be "Jesu Lulcis Memoria,"' by Victoria, Tantum Ergo, by Palestrina; Adoremus (Al!egri), Regina Coeli (Lotti)

As the procession leaves the church tho whole congregation will sing Faith of Our Fathers Would the mer pleae provide thomselves with the words

DRINKING EVIL AMONG YOUTHS SCORED IN VOTE BY CATHOLIC YOUNG FOLKS

St Louis

That drinking of alcoholic beverages is a serious evil among young persons was answered in the affirmative bv a ratio of approximately 4 to l in response to a questionnaire sent by the Rev Daniel A Lord S J editor of "The Queen's Work,'' to22,000 youths residing in various parts of the United States

A total of 16 863 expressed the opin ion that drinking was and 4 219 that it was not, a serious evil among young persons Many of those who responded were not content to answer the question "Do you think that drinking among young people is a serious evil to day?" but gave brief anaylses tending to substantiate their opinions They included: 'We young people need a few liquorless night clubs We enjoy dancing but at most places where we dance liquor is served Sin e young people are probably going to go on drinking shouldn't parents teach them at home how to drink? We'd learn how to drink if we drank in the presence of our parents How about a Legion of Decency for drinking? Why can't ice-cream parlours have dancing as taverns do? I think a heav: fine should be slapped on any place that sells liquor to minors

Young people need to be taught recreatins and ostimes that will take the place of drinking?"

The Late Prime New Zealand

Mr Michel John Savage, Catholic Labour Prime Minister of New Zealand, died early on Wednesdav morning, 27th ult, at Wellington He had been ill for many months '

During his protracted illness as he grew weaker, Mr Savage reeived Holy Communion very frequently, and with great devotion As he could not leave his home towards the end, he had the privilege of the celebration of Holy Mass in his house once a week

His last official public act was to leave his sick bed to welcome the Papal Legate (Archbishop Panico) to the New Zealand Eucharistic Congress, a couple of months ago

He did that because he felt it was a duty of respect which he owed to such an eminent personage Mr Savage was an Australian, having been born, the son of a small farmer of Irish descent, at Benalla Victoria in 1872 As a boy he worked in a store in his home town and ater on one of the stations of the late Sir Samuel McCaughey, in New South Wales Returning to Victoria in 1900 he worked as a miner and later organised a cooperative store and bakery He then Heveloped an intrest n politics and became secretarv of the North Pren tice Political Labour Council

His political career began in earnest, however when he went to New Zaeland n 1907 and at once took an active part in the Labour movement

He first stood for Parliament in 1911 but was unsuccessful Eight years later he won the Auckland West electorate, which he represented until ' death Noted for his ability and levelheadedness, he soon made his mark in Parliament and he succeeded to the leadership of the Labour Party on the death of Mr H E Holland in

Foolishness of God Weakness of God and

by PAUL L. BLAKELY, S J

In our issue of March 14 we publish ed a summary of the statement of the American Bishops on the Social Crder This commentary is not cnly recommended to everyone intare:ted in the problem, it is compulscy thought

•

TIIE th< ughtful surn) ur of a world that is torn by nterna tional and economic war must be reminded of the theme developed by Saint Paul in his first Epistle to the Corinthians "Hath not God made foolish the wisdom of this world?" (i, 20 ) The Apostle was principally intent upon teaching the wisdom of the Cross of Christ "unto the Jews indeed a stumbling block, and unto the Gentiles foolishness" His message was for eginners in Christianity, many of whom must have been perplexed wher they observed that all of power majesty, and wisdom that thev saw about them, flatly contradicted the teachings of the Gospel

Open persecution, they could understand, end properly value But how could the Church stand out against a dreadful mass of superstition and vice presented as religion and patriotism, in forms that appealed to every class n pagan society? It was the Apostle's task to convince them that owlv as they were 'not many wise not many mighty, not many noble," they could overcome, by the folly of the Cross and the foolishness of God, the corrupt society in which they lived ' For the foolishness of God is wiser than men and the weakness of God is stronger than men''

For nineteen centuries, the Successors f Peter, and those who with Paul have been chosen by the Holy Spirit for the office and work of Bishops have epeated the teaching of the \postle of the Gentiles For the wisdom of the world is always with us, in high place and in low in the state and n the school and in the market-place, so that to-dav m n who follow the Gospel fall into the perplexity that beset the Corinthians How thev ask can we withstand the aneful influence promoted bv teachers of the world's wisdom? We are few, they are many; they are n high place, we in owliness· theirs is the authoritv that moulds the world's thought, :nd justifies the worlds worst excesses All that we, who count for little, can do, is to protest in voices that are not heard This recurrent sense of discourage ment is the fact that moves our Bis-

Minister

1933. In 1935 Mr Savage ed the party for the first time at a general election and Labour swept the polls obtaining 53 out of the 80 seats Mr Savage became New Zealand's first Labour Prime Ministr In 933 the party .s again returned with substantial! the same majority

Mr Savage was a close student of social and political problems Although his radical administration was something new to the Dominion his sincerity was never questioned His kindly nature and friendliness won him lasting friends, and he had a gift for leadership RIP

America' In hops continually to repeat the doctrines which Sant Paul learned of the Holy Spirit We forget that our strength ies precisely in our vveakness, and our wisdom in our folly; that is, when we re content to be weak with the Cross and fools with God The wisdom of this world has at this very noment brought the world to the verge f ruin We, in the degree that we are filled with the wisdom of Christ, can help to draw it back to sanity and peace

It is in this spirit, it seems to me, that the sixteen Bishops and Archbishops gave us on Ash Wednesday, in the name of the Administrative Board and Assistant Bishops of the National Ca tholie Welfare Conference, their State ment on The Church and Social Order"' They fully realise the difficulties inherent n the. social and economic order, as it has progressed in this country They know too that certain principles, anti-Christian and antisocial have become almost axiomatic in the schools, and among our people But thev are not disheartened Difficulties are a challenge to action, not an excuse to retire to our cells, and there engage in barren meditation on the iniquity of the world "Relying on God's providence, we dare not be pessimistic,'' the Bishops write, "but at the same time we frankly recognise that a full restoration to a Christian social order is a matter of steady growth and not a sudden transition'' The Bishops cite the first Encyclical of Pius XII in which the Holy Father invited all men to turn from the ways of hatred to the healing ways of peace and charity.' At the very outset of his Pontificate, Pius XII asks all men to return to Christ and in the thorncrowned Figure of the Crucified to behold their King. "To re-enthrone Christ in the minds nd hearts of men,'' the Bishops write, "to re-establish His kingship in human society to im pregnate laws and institutions, the as pirations and final purposes of all nations with His spirit, is the supreme hope and purpose of our Holy Father" If any hardy soul among whom Gov ernor Smith once styled "the fells on he sidewalk," has fol!owed me to this point, I can hear him object: What's all this got to do about social order? That's nuthin' but religion. Why don't you fellas that wear your collars wrongside foremost, get busy and get practical? What we want s somethin that'll keep us more than just a jump ahead of the sheriff We want jobs and jobs that will give us and our families enough to live on, and let us look forward to somethin' etter n our old age than the poor house Get busy fella or take a walk'' And he turns awav to listen to a Communist on a soap-box I sympathise with the fella on the sidewalk Perhaps we fellas with the reversed collars (thev are not really reversed, but let us get on) have not always been busy, or practical when we were As for the indictment, "that's nuthin' but religion" I admit it But I will reply that the phrase quoted against me represents the very force that keeps him within eve-shot of the sheriff all his ife; takes his job away from him when he needs it most; forces him to exist as a cog n a machine, but does not allow him to lie n keeping with his dignity as an image

Thursday April 4, 1940 of God and a brother of Christ; and finally after he is worn out throws him into the poor house For the whole political and econo mic philosophy that has ruled 'the world since the religious revolt of the sixteen h century has been built on the principle that religion is nuthin'' Logically, therefore, it has been dis carded as without bearing on social and economic problems Hence to-day, labour and capital, natural allies, are bitter enemies, and both suffer But if man s not a son of God, there is no compelling reason why the strong should not oppress the weak or why a capitalist should not break down the price of labour, and force the worker to sweat in the hell of a steel mill for less than a living wage. If there is no God and o Decalogue we are safe in assuming that there is no hell to fear as the penalty for defiance of God and the systematic violation of His law If there is no Christ to teach us the ways of gentleness and to lead us to that higher level whereon we are bidden to love even our enemies, then why may not:I, who have no religion (that "nuthi' " of my friend) disregard all justice when I am fairly sure I shall not be caught, or, should I fall into the toils, that I can easily escape?

Put in another way, were this "nuthin' but religion'' the law we ac° tually observed in our relations to all about us; the law which every state respected, and which the civil authority within the limits proper to it (but always up to those limits) enforced consistently and with impartiality; then we should have no labour wars, no civil discord, no strife between nations For in the case I put, every man and every human activity would be ruled by love of God, and by love of our neighbour For that ove is the first and greatest of the precepts taught by religion But the Bishops are only too well aware that the world is not ruled by love or by justice They clearly diagnose the social and economic evils which afflict us, nd point out remedies including the intervention of the civil authority, which will cure them Five sources of controversy are pointed out and discussed; ownership, property and labour security wages, and the establishment of social order The entire Statement is based on the Labour Encyclicals of Leo XIII and Pius YI, and its conclusions are directd at nditions in the United States All that I have written can e summarised in one sentence° For God's sake, get a copy of the Statement; study it carefully; and try to do what you can to apply the remedies it offers I am sure it will be studied in all our colleges and high schools It can be explained to the pupils of the higher classes in our grade schools It should be discussed in all study clubs and parish societies, and I should like to se it distributed at our church doors Years ago, I ventured to auote a venerable priest (who privately thought me a Socialist) a statement from Pope Leo's Enevclical "On the Condition of the Working Classes" about wages 'What's that Enevclical?" he asked, sharply, with a look which plainly expressed his belief that I was forging a Papal document Given the desired information, he remarked, "never heard of t," and changed the subject

Perhaps the fella on the sidewalk was partly right He is perfectly right in advising us to get busy and get practical, or take a welk The lsh Wednesday Statement of the Bishops will help us to do both, but not if we put it in a dusty pigeon hole, as many of our predecessors did with the Labour Encyclicals of Leo XIII, and as some of us do to-day with the Encvclical of Pius XI

SUNDAY

Thursday, April 4, 1940

CARDINAL HINSLEY SAYSChildren's Souls Should Not Be Battlefield of Politics

Cardinal Hinsley_spoke strongly on the evils of education without religion in a sermon on Sunday, I0th ult., at St, Dominic's Priory, London

His Eminence referred to the recent article in 'The Times'' and the ensung correspondence, saying: 'We are deeply consoled by this movement which has begun to awaken interest in this country

The souls and minds of our children should not be made the battlefield of our party politics I deplore the de-

A REMARKABLE PAMPHLET

There is a remarkable story behind one of the pamphlets just issued by the Australian Catholic Truth Society. The Truth About Catholics" was the magnum opus indeed the one and only opus of Peter O'Donnell, a retired Chicago policeman He died as his little work was entering upon the third million of its circulation, and the Archoishop of Los Angeles preached at his funeral

Peter O'Donnell did not actually write this pamphlet; he compiled it to provide a handy, useful refutation of the calumnies against the Church which he heard aired by bigots and ranters The booklet travelled widely It was translated into Chinese, into Bangoli and into Spanish It contains many useful facts-the names of Catholics eminent in the sciences and arts a list of distinguished converts, an explanation of Catholic belief and practice in regard to the Bible the Rosary Confession Purgatory devotion to Our Lady, celibacy of the clergy, and other important matters Interesting tables show at a glance the origin of the Church and the sects and there is a list of the Popes from St. Peter to Pius XII Peter O'Donnell had many dog-eared letters to show from scores cf people who wrote gratefully of their having been guided to the Church by the pamphlet. Sergeant Peter O'Donnell was born at Westport, County Mayo, Eire, in 1864, and he died at Los Angeles in 1938 There is every reason to hope that this little potted apologetics" will be as useful in Australia as overseas

¢ Fr Daniel A Lord needs no introduction Hi pamphlets are bestsellers One of the best of them is his study of Our Lord and the prodigal. Nothing is more typical of our age than its tolerance of sin and its ruthless condemnation of the sinner Fr Lord contrasts this with God's intolerance of sin, but His love and mercy towards the sinner The Good Shepherd sought His lost sheep unceasingly; the Pharisees accused Him of eating with sInners, of consorting with publicans, with tax-gatherers, with even the Samaritans Our Lord not only told the story of the Prodigal Son; He lived that story as the divinely-patient Father He died for His enemies Fr Lord's picture of God's forgiveness is beautifully drawn in his characteristic style

¢ k

The value of prayer cannot be overemphasised, and a pamphlet by Rev R Nash, S J examines its purpose and method and the need for it Prayer is not mere consolation It is an act of the will, a conversation with God, and the necessary basis of all ghristian zeal and spiritu life Every atholic should know how to pray and Fr Nash provides a very useful instruction, which contains advice from such authorities in the spiritual life as St Theresa, St Ignatius, St Alphonsus, and St Margaret Mary Above all, there is the example of Our Lord Himself and His own direct teaching #

The Truth About Catholics Com- ~" by sergeant Peter O'Donnel odigals and Christ By Rev Daniel A Lord, SJ Praying. By Rev R Nish asl SJ. Australian Catholie Truth Society March, 1940 4

parture from the Catholic doctrine and tradition that children should be brought up in a Catholic atmosphere, under Catholic teachers

The disastrous effects of secular education are seen in other countries; the results are shown in Nazi Germany and Soviet Russia

'Let us contrast the secular and Christi. n principles of education In the first svstem, education is the concern of the State because the children belong to the State· the formation of national character belongs to the State and therefore no one shall teach unless by permission of the State, There you have an ugly thing that goes by en ugly name Totalitarianism

"The Christian principles are that children of Christian people have the divine right to Christian education Parents have a duty and the right to have their children brought up in the Faith and in their own wav

"The State or Government is indifferent to whether or not teachers have any training in religious teaching The head teacher may even be openly ant gonistic to Christianity

A large percentage of boys and girls are not attached to any form of Christianitv

But," said th ardinal, this is not a new discovery This stat of things was alreadv known to us 50 vears go."

The Cardinal recommended to the congregation the practice of the Holy Rosary The Rosary," he said, "'has been a great power in the history of the Church St Dominic carried on a great crus: de against the Bolshevists of his time when the Turks threatened to invade the Western World and bring all Europe under their swav, It was the Holy Rosarv that turned the tide"

BELIEVE IT OR NOT

RIPLEY ERRS TWICE

Believe-It-Or-Not Ripley has written to the editor of the "Universe,'' Lon don Catholic weekly, replying to a correction of his st. tement in a cartoon that Mgr Count Edward O'Rourke former Bishop of Danzig is "Bishop of Greece and Asia Minor" and that the Bishop is a Cardinal

Ripley tells the editor that he got the information from the official German Whos Who of 1935 which says that he was titular Bishop of Canea (Greece) in 1920 and titular Bishop of Pergammon (Asia Minor) in 1922

True enough; but that doesn't make Mgr O'Rourke Bishop of Greece or of Asia Minor, any more than his present titular see of Sofene makes him Bishop of Mesopotamia

For the statement that Bishop O'Rourke is not Cardinal Ripley will have to take the authoritv of the "Annuario Pontificio." the Vatican's official vear book - Unusual Errors

Ripley, by the way, has slipped again, in another cartoon, by asserting that St Thomas More was committed to the Tower for refusing to swear an oath of fidelity to Henry VIII's descendants by Anne Boleyn''

It was the oath of supremacy, not succession that St Thomas refused to take

It is necessary to make these corrections because Ripley has a well-won reputation for being right

The two errors might, indeed, be inrluded in one of his cartoons as queer facts in this queer world

Ripley's "Believe it or Not" pictures appear in about 200 papers throughout the world

An agreement to sell all Catholic Church property in the Philippines to the Philippine Commonwealth has been signed by Archbishop Michael Doherty with the Government of Manila This, the result of five weeks' negotiations, is highly praised even by the Church's critics and is expected to help the settlement of unrest on the large landed

estates

President Quezon recently ordered an investigation into the titles of the es'ates held bv the Church

You may Use Foy's "LAY-BY

Auctioneers and Produce Salesmen EggandPoultrySaleseveryWednesdayandFriday Highest Prices -Prompt Returns Crates, Cases and Labels on application Correspondence Invited and promptly attended to Address:MetropolitanMarkets, PERTH TelephoneB1874,B1779 PHILIP GILES, Manager

r

Holy Name Society,

The usual monthly meeting and Communion of the Holy Name Society will Thirty-six young men and ladies par- take place on Sunday next, April 14 ticipated in the excursion to Katanning

At the last meeting of the society the last Sunday The Katanning Catholic guilds were rearranged, and new pre- Tenn's Club entertained us to tennis fects appointed Members are there- afternoon tea, tea, nd supper During fore reminded to see that they are tennis those who did not play went to seated in their correctguilds the baths. Nearly one hundred young Sacred Heart Sodality people sat down to tea, which was This Sunday being the first of the l served in relays of fifty The first month, the usual monthly Communion sitting gathered around the piano n and meeting of the Sacred Heart So- the next room and made the rafters dality will take place ring with merry song Quarant' Ore The evening devotions were marked During ast week-end (March 2931) by the very excellent singing of the the Quarant' Ore Forty Hours' Pray Katanning and Wagin choirs er) was conducted in St Joseph's After devotions all gathered in the Church Throughout this period the main school room and listened to words various services held were well attend- of thanks from the Wagin CY MS ed by parishioners leaders and to the replies of Rev St, Kevin's Tennis Club Father Byrne and Mr Cruikshank (capArrangements are well in hand re the tain of club) The rest of the evening club's week-end trip to Katanning on was taken up with parlour and comLabour Day week-end (May 4-6) The munity games and singing fare will be approximately 35s (includ- All expressed great delight at the ing accommodation) I deposit of 10s success of this nitial effort to bring must be paid to the hon secretary (Mr the young people of these two parishes R A Morris) before April 21 The out- together, and registered the hope that ing is open t all members of the club there would be many more n future and their friends, and to any members of the W A C.LTA While at Katanning it is hoped to arrange a tennis match

YOUNG MEN'S CLUB NOTES Athletic Club

A special meeting of all those Catholic young men who may be interested in athletics (you need not live in the district) has been convened for Monday, April 15, in the meeting hall,at 8 pm If possible a leading member of the WA Athletic Association will attend lreadv we have received the names of a number of outstanding athletes ready to join our club once it is under wav Committee Meeting

Members of the committee are reminded that their monthly meeting takes place at 8 pm on Monday next, April 8 Marathon Relay Due to several misunderstandings with the Fremantle CY M S , we have not yet been able to announce the date of our annual Marathon relav race to Mt Helena However, committees of both clubs are to meet this week Jottings Looking fit and well is Geoff Gee, after his fortnight's holiday down at Albany Congratulations are extended to Mr Jack Pusey upon his recent marriage Next Monday evening will be sports night.

The dance conducted bv the club in honour of the visiting country tennis players was a great success and was appreciated by the visitors

Our usual fortnightly dances may commence shortly Watch for the opening night!

Telephone 4757.

MARTIN P. RYAN CMW A0A)

Optician "

Son of Late M P Ryan, late of Fremantle

ORIENT LINE BUILDINGS

WILLIAM STREET, PERTH

Congratulations to Miss E Holyoake and to Masters G, Holyoake and K Moxham, who are now the proud possessors of first prizes which they won at the children's sports on St Patrick's Dav These ittle ones wish me to send their thanks to the committee, The annual Gaelic concert which for many reasons had to be unduly post poned, will take place next Wednesday, April 10, at the Memorial Hall, Queen's Park Welcome innovations will be the appearance of separate girls' and bovs' choirs from St Joseph's School while the Pascaline Dramatic Club will make its first public appearance in a short play

The annual Ball at Maddington Hall goes from success to success This vear it eclipsed all records and reflects great cret on the organisers

TheStory

Lawrence-Stott Wedding

A marriage of much interest to Wagin and Mundijong residents was celebrated at St Mary's Cathedral on Wednesday, March 27, the contracting parties being Miss Carmel Stott, only daughter of Mr and Mrs J M Stott, oi Wagin and Mundijong and Mr Ray Lawrence, third son of Mr R T Lawrence and the late Mrs Lawrence, of Collie and Mundijong

The bride who was given away by her father looked charming and graceful in an imported frock of white silk muslin over white taffeta She wore the customarv wreath and veil and carried a prayer book

Rev Dr Collins, parish priest of Shenton Park, formerly of Wagin, performed the ceremony

The bride was attended by two maids, Kathleen McDermott, of East Perth and Vie Panter, of Wagin; both were frocked alike in pale blue organdie and carried ouquets of crimson roses and autumn tints

The best man was Mr B Stott, brother of the bride, and the groomsman was Mr E Lawrence, brother of the bridegroom • After the ceremony the guests repaired to the Dutch Mill Cafe where a reception was held Mrs Stott, mother of the bride, received the guests wearing a smart frock of black georgette and lace, with felt hat of Burgundy tonings She carried a bouquet of crimson roses and fern

The guests offered their congratulations to the happy couple at the entrance to the reception room, which was prettily decorated with pink gladioli while the tables were also decorated in pink The usual toasts were honoured. A handsome two-tier cake was a centre of attraction

Many telegrams of congratulation were received wishing Mr and Mrs Lawrence happiness

Optometrist and DESIGNER and BUILDER

HARVEY

MAS TIME TABLE

April 7: Harvey, 8 am: Yarloop, 10 am April 14: Waroona 8.30 am: Harvev 10 am April 21: Yarloop; 8 am; Harvey, 10 am April 28: Harvey, 8 am: Waroona, 10 a m

Horace Costello

'Phone F 3301.

MASS TIME TABLE

April 7: Narrogin, 8 am, Yearling, 11 am April 14 Wickepin, 8 30 am: Nar rogin 10 30 am

April 21: Narrogin, 8 am; Yillimin ning 9 30 am

April 28: Cuballing, 8.30 a.m, Narro gin, 10 30 am

±E HYPNOTISED THE HYPNOT IST

The Benedictines did noble pioneer work for Catholicity in the early days of New Zealand An uncle of my own who was later Prior of Ramsgate Abbey writes Douglas Newton in the 'Universe,' spent many years following their footsteps and building new churches

He was immensely impressed by the great natural gifts of the Maoris, though he thought their paganism had traces of demon worship, while they were certainly masters of hypnotism

Their priests tried this on a friend of his whom they captured in the Maori War in order to get military in formation from him

However, owing to his contact with them, he had studied the art himself and use t so effectively that instead of succumbing, he hypnotised the hypnotist, whom he forced to help in his escape

of the

By E A MANGAN

This interesting study of how the Bible originated is one of the strongest arguments ever vitten for the need and the truth of the Catholic Church For without the Church the Bible would hardly be known

or preserved

THERE have been many best sellers throughout the history of the world's literature But all of them have been quickly forgotten by the world Though many books have been translated into ten and twenty different languages their popularity has waned after a year or two or three All of them? There is one outstanding exception. This is as it should be The Bible is an exception and it should be, because God wrote it In this article we shall treat of the history of the Bible or briefly we shall answer the question "How did the Bible come down to us?"

It is a story full of beautiful romnce, a story of unmitigated and unselfish devotion to a God-given ambition on the part of hundreds of the most ntelligent and scholarly men of the world, a story of almost a miraculous working of God's providence pieced together with devoted labour on the part of men, a story of constant watchfulness on the part of the grand old Catholic Church throughout her spen of life of nineteen centuries

Not Always a Compact Volume

We are so accustomed to thinking about the Bible as a neat compact lttle volume that we are apt to forget that the Bible was not like that from the very beginning People are not accustomed to asking themselves or others about the real origin of the Bible

The Bible is taken for granted It is reverenced It is read bv manv who take t for granted that there never was a time when a Christian did not have the Bible as we have it

But what are the actual facts as they are related by the best historians, Catholic and Protestant alike?

The Bible is a late word. It came to us from the Greek language through the Latin, and it began to be used to designate the whole collection of inspir d books only as late as the fifth centurv after Christ Before that time the Bible was calledmost generally by the plural name 'the Scriptures" or "the Holy Scriptures"

This volume commonlv called 'The Bible'' to-day contains seventy-three distinct books written at different times by many different men-all of them used as instruments of God who is the principal and true author of all the books Moses wrote the first five books of the Bible about fourteen hundred years before Our Lord was

L rn and St John wrote the last book, his Gospel about one hundred years after Our Lord's birth Seventy-three books, then, written in the course of fifteen hundred years, comprise the book we now know as "The Bible" How appropriate the title' It means the Book" and surely the Bible is of all Literature, most appropriately and uniquely th "Book."

Remarkable Story

The fact itself that we hve the books of the Old Testament is sufticient proof that an incalculable amount of work was done by scribes and scholars to preserve the books during the fourteen hundred years prceding the birth of Christ Our Lord's use of them and the use and approval of them by all the Apostles and by the early Church prove that they had remained substantially intact during all those years and also prove that we have the Bible to-dav as Christ and His Apostles had it. But even without the testimony and the constant use of the Bible by Jesus Christ and His Apostles, we would be certain that the Jew of old and of all ages up to the time of Christ, wre concerned above all else in keeping their sacred books intact as they had been handed down by the original writers

From the time f Moses, about fifteen hundred years before Christ, to Esdras the great Scribe who lived in the fifth century before Our Lord the Prophets and High-Priests and their numerous helpers in an unbroken string, decided on the inspiration of the books under the special supernatural influence of God given to them in some way which is not quite clear to us; added them to the already existing collection, copied them by hand which involved painstaking labour the like of which is hardly known today, taught their contents and explained them to people and bent all possible efforts to the task of preserving the text as it had been written, For each one that has worked thus on anv other book there would be literally thousands of men who have worked on the Bible

And the work of Esdras, who, besides collecting the books anew in his own time and changing the writing from the old type Hebrew characters (which a roached more closelv to the old Samaritan and the old Phoenician writing) to the newer and more modern Hebrew writing of his own time (the type of Hebrew writing that we know now) also laboured strenuouslv with a multitude of scholars to correct any mistakes is so well known that it needs no special comment here

Existing as Separate Manuscripts Al1 these books of the Old Testament were in existence then, when Christ came on earth They were copied on separate rolls of papyrus reed But not one of the books of the New Testament was written until about twelve veers after Our Lord's death.

For quite a ong period of time the various Gospels and Epistles were hardly known outside the places where they were first written or outside the

communities to which they were directed · th :ld

A glance at the map of te wor}) as it was known then will show that many of the Epistles were addressed to cities that were as widely separated from cne another as Rome is from Jerusa1em Er .l 1

Also many oi the pistles were almost personal letters and others treat of matters that concerned only people of a certain community or are answers to special questions put to St Paul Before the fifth century of the Christian era some of the Epistles that are now in the New Testament existed only as separate manuscripts uncollected because they were in the possession of no one person

The result of all this, coupled with the fact that many spurious works were being written, was the state of things described by Eusebius the Christian historian, at about the year 326 AD

He tells us that there were some books universally accepted as inspired b all the Christian churches and that some were disputed, that is, not accepted as inspired by all the churches But he himself knew all the books and his testimony proves that the great majoritv of the books of the New Testament were already acknowledged as inspired bv all the churches without exception

This is most remarkable and shows the special providence of God at work, besides constant and untiring work on the part of the first Christians, when we considerhow difficult it must have been to copy the books, how the Christians were harassed nd impeded by the persecutions, how difficult it was to transport the copis and how long t must have taken for the knowledge of the books to travel over the then known world

It was impossible all during this time for the average layman to decide which books to accept nd which to reject. During thi time also, all the books were being translated nto Latin For four hundred years then, the Christians did not see a complete Bible as we know the Bible to-day

Official Translation

The first mention of a complete Bible that historians have been able to find is that made by Pope Damasus in the year 383 He succeeded in finally separating the genuine writings of the Apostles from those that were spuri0us He it was also who appointed St Jerome to correct the existing Latin text and to translate anew from the Hebrew of the Old Testament St Jerome was one of the greatest scholars that ever lived. His work, still by far the best text of the Bible is called the Vulgate Latin text and scholars have been working since 1910 to try and bring our existing Latin text as close as possible to what St Jerome had

Since St Jerome's time, his text l been used by the Latin or Western or Roman Church as the official Latin text of the Bible

This text, of course hands of everybody Why?

St Jerome lived one thousand years before the invention of printing Any copy of the Bible that was made, had to be made bv hand It was 1mpossible to prvide cpies in abundance

It is a marvellous thing that throughout all these so-called dark ages any copies at all were made

Many Translations.

In spite, howevr, of what has been said bv historians who are not worthy of the name, there were not only many copies of the Latin Bible> made before Martin Luther's time, but t was also translated into many vernacular languages before his time mong thes languages were German and English

Our English Bible, so familiar to us, dates from the year 1582

Between that vear and 160 a number of English Catholic scholars transated the Bible from Iatin into English Bishop Challoner in England between the vears 17741779, made many corrections, so that all our English Catholic Bibles now are based on his text

The work that has been done by the Church through all these years to preserve the text of the Bib!> so that it is substantially the same as Christ knew as regards the 914 Testament and as the Apostles an1 other writers of the New Testament wrte, has been Immense and incalculable

Had it not been for the Catholic Church there would not he even a remnant of the Bible

Surely God's providence has been at work in all this, but what a debt we owe to so manv men of the stamp of St Jerome! The Newcastle and Maitland Catholic Sentinel"

TWENTY GRASS TENNIS COURTS FOR HIRE

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(Roberts Road and Axon Street)

Hot Water and Crockery Supplied Free

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R GEMMELL, Proprietor

THE RECORD

CATHOLIC TENNIS ASSOCIATION

By "RON"' Shield Competition

The inter-club shield cmpetitions, ost popular of all the association's activities, will commence on the week end, April 20 and 21 Excellent nominations have been received number ing 8l teams (43 women's and 38 men's) and the coming season should be most successful

A fature of this year's competition will be that it will be played in two divisions on alternate week-ends e g in the womens section the A and D grades will play on one Saturday and the B and C grades on the following Saturday The same arrangements will be used in the men's section, except that the A and C grades will play n the first Sundav and the B and D grades the following one All matches will be of 16 sets and will commence at 2 pm. sharp No forfeiting of matches will be permitted

Following is the draw for the first round at matches: Women's Section A" Grade (payed Saturday, April 20):

St Mary's v St Kevin's, at Leederville; Nedlands v St Joachim's, at Nedlands

D" Grade (Saturday, April 20):

St Anthony's v Highgate No 1, at Midland; St Brigid's v St Patrick's, at'Fremantle; Nedlands v St Mary's No 2 at Leederville; Star of the Sea v St Joachims No I, at Cottesloe; St Joachim's No 2 v St Kevin's No 2, at Victoria Park; St, Kevin's No 1 v St Mary's No I at Subiaco Theresian No. 1 v Theresian No, 2, at Inglewood; St Joachim's No, 3 v Highgate No 2, at Highgate "B' Grade (Saturday, April 27):

St Mary's No 1 v St Mary's No 2, at Leederville Highgate No 1 v Highgate No. 2, at Highgate; St Brigid's v St Joachim's, at West Perth; Theresians • Nedlands, at Nedlands; St Patrick's v Star of the Sea, at Fre

mantle

€" Grade «Saturday, April 27):

St Marv's No. 1 v. St, Patrick's No I, at Leederville; St Kevin's v St Anthony's at Subiaco; St Brigid's v Theresians, at Inglewood; Columba v Star of the Sea, at Cottesloe; St Patrick's No 2 v St, Joachim's, at Vic toria Park: Highgate No 2 v Highgate No 1 at Vietori Park; Nedlands, the bve

Men's Section

A" Grade (Sunday, April 21):

St Mary's No 1 v St Mary's No 2, at Leederville; St Kevins v, St Brigid's at Subiaco; Nedlands v St Joachim's, at Nedlands; Theresians, bye. C" Grade (Sunday April 21) St Anthony's St, Mary's, at Leederville St Briy;id's v Highgate, at West Perth Star f the Sea v St. Kevin ·. at C ttesloe; Nedlands v Theres ians, at Inglewood, St Joachim's No I v St Joachim's No 2, t Victoria Park St Patrick's, by CB" Grde (Sunday, April 28)Highgate No. 1 v Highgate No 2, at Highgate St Anthony's v St, Patrick's, at Midland olumba v St Brigid', at South Perth; St Mary's v Nedland at Nedlands; Theresians v St Joachim's at Victoria Park "D Grade (Sunday, April 28)· olumba v St Mary's No 1 at Leederville; St Joachim's v St Kevin's No 2, at Subiaco; Star of the Sea v Highgate, at Cottesloe: Theresian's No 2 v St, Mary's No 2, at Leederville, Theresian's No 1 v St Kevin's No. 1 at Inglewood Social Activities

Members are requested to reserve the following dates: Friday, May 17, and Friday, June 7 for two major social functions of the year On the first date will be held a Maytime Carnival" at Mrs O'Connell's Stirling Social Rooms The price of admission will be 1/9 (including tax) A well known citv orchestra has been engaged, whilst a special supper will be provided

The second major attratcion is the annual Association Ball, scheduled for \nzac House on June 7 The price of admission will be 6s single Theresian Club

The annual tournaments have reach ed the final stages Jim Carroll and Andv Mollov are the finalists in the men's A division and Misses Rinaldi nd Marie McDonough in the ladies' A di ision Congratulations are extended to Jack Besley on his success in the B section Mr Jack Lynch has been holidaying in the country

Four members of the club were in Narrogin at Easter, Messrs Forbes and Maurie Flvnn on a cricket trip, Mr "Shack" O'Brien turkey hunting, and Mr Peter Colreavy (immaculatelj dressed as ever) on a walking tour

The club extends its congratulations to Mr Joe Fogarty, an ex-member, who was married during the week Tournaments will be continued next week-end

A buffet will be opened in the supper room of Anzac House this week between noon and 5 pm for the men of the 2nd AI F Light refreshments will be supplied free The League takes charge on Friday, April 12 Will members kindly hand in their names to rs Maxwell for dutv on that dav Free Milk Supply

We have been asked to again assist in this work Further particulars will be published later

The Bridge circle now meets mn Tues days instead of Thursdays. in the League rooms

The meeting held on March 28 was very well attended, but as the girls were busv with Easter reminiscences not very much business was done

However, it was arranged that another picnic would be held, and seeing that the last one was so popular, a bus picnic was decided on this time also

After much discussion, Yanchep was the place chosen, and the bus will leave the GPO, Forrest Place, at 10 o'clock on Sunday morning April 14 Don't forget this date, girls, and come along, as we want to make this picnic the same success as the last one

We noticed Olive Cowan wearing a beautiful new ring and learned that her engagement to Don aplin wis announced over Easter Congratulations, Olive and Don

Our next meeting will be held in the Catholic Women's League Rooms which are on the second floor, Sheffield House (over Levinson's), so come along, girls, and keep up the good attendence

Trade in your old Racket ceive 20.- allowance at Ted Sports Store London Court

In Memoriam

Mr A Keenan (Collie)

In St Kearin's Convent School Room

Osborne Park, following the 8 am Mass, the Osborne Park H N S held its second annual Communion Breakfast

A very large gathering of men attended Representatives were present from neighbouring branches, the Diocesan Union, and other Catholic socie ties The function must be rated as one of the most successful of the kind yet held Representatives of the executive o the Perth Diocesan Union will vrsit the Wagin Branch on April 7 next when a Communion Breakfast will be held Representatives of neighbour ing Holy Name Branches will be pre sent. Very Rev, Father Austin Kell S.I, will make the trip also

Chesterton Club

36 PIER STREET.

Wednesday, April 10:

Mr John Antoine will present a film evening Members should have an interesting evening, as Mr Antoine has his own projector and the study of m tion pictures is his hobby Membership

The Chesterton Club meets fortnightly-every second Wednesday The annual subscription is only ~s. There is no restriction as to membership, except that one must be a Catholic Chesterton Book Shop

For all your book requirements es pecially second-hand books, try the Chesterton Book Shop first. If the required publications are not in stock we will procure them, and you pay no more than you would elsewhere, Recent Additions to the Central Catholic Library

Travel: Insanity Fair Douglas Reed. Koonwarra , Charles Barrett

Biography: Disgrace Abounding Douglas Reed It's Too Late Now A A Milne It Might Have Been You Collie Knox

Fiction:

Sea Way Only Humfrey Jordan

Anchor Comes Back Humfrey Jordan

Let the People Sing J B Priestley

Live and Kicking Ned John Masefield

Fountain Inn Victor Canning

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MILITARY

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Dainty Supper Provided Admission 1/6, plus tax

9CATI0LI4ACTION

LETTER FROM CARDINAL PIZZARDO

His Grace the Archbishop of Melbourne has received the following letter from Cardinal Pizzardo:

Your Grace It was a great pleasure for me to receive from Mr F Maher a report of the activities of the Australian National Secretariat of Catholic Action end the interesting pub lications of the Secretariat

Of particular interest was the agenda of the Federal Conference of Diocesan Organisers n Australia and New Zealand, held at Melbourne at the end of February under the guidance of the Episcopal Sub-Committee on Catholic Action, of which vour Grace is president I am sure that the zealous priests and aymen who attended these meetings will have derived from them ew light and encouragement to work with greater zeel for the advancement of the Kingdom of Christ

On the zeal of the priests depends the fate of Catholic Action. In the words of Pope Pius XI of happy memory, the lot of Catholic Action rests in the hands of the clergy, who must, therefore, be familiar with the theory and the practice of this new apostolate, which forms part of the sacred ministry The very first step to be taken s therefore the preparing of priests for the work of Catholic Action· young

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evites in their seminary days, in their course of pastoral theology, of which Catholic Action must ow form an integral part, like the other classic forms of the apostolate; the priests who are already labouring in the Lord's vineyard, by means of special retreats and study courses, and with all the other means that vour zeal will suggest' "After the preparation of the priests comes the preparing of the laity: the priests thus prepared-and we are speaking also of religiousshould devote themselves to the by no means easy task of preparing and training the laitv for Catholic Action Their meritorious labours which require continual acts of celf-sacrificed, will be amply rewarded bv the zeal with which the new helpers will assist them in the conquest and spiritual growth of their fellow-men

The setting up of a complicated organisation or the transplanting of a complete system as it exists in some other country would be a grave initial mistake Since Catholic Action is essentially spiritual in character, it depends for its growth on the spiritual formation of its leaders and members 'It is evident that the apostolate is not a purely natural urge to action, but s the fruit of a solid interior formation the necessary expansion of an intense love for Jesus Christ and for the souls redeemed at the price of His Precious Blood, which urges them to imitate His life of prayer of sacrifice of unwearying zeal' It must be the aim, therefore, of all priests engaged in the work of Catholic Action to give to the groups of men, women, young men and young women entrusted to their care an intense and solid formation and preparation for the works of the apostolate In this way the laity, 'instructed and spiritually prepared by the clergy and living the Christian life in its integrity, will be apostles in their own circle and skilled pioneers, open ing the way to the light of truth and the sanctifying action of grace: in this way co-operating humbly and 'effectivelv in the work of the Church'

Ii is a great consolation to know that the priests of Australia, under the inspired lead and guidance of their Bishops, are preparing themselves and their people for the great work of Catholic Action The initial stages may be difficult, but Our Divine Lord will bless and reward with success these sincere and zealous efforts to advance His Kingdom on earth

THE EUCHARIST: THE FOUNT OF CHARITY

The following extract is from a letter of the present Pope, Pius XII, written es Cardinal-Secretary of State to the late Cardinal Hayes, of Ne York: What is the aim of Catholic Action what does it aspire to if not this, that jesus may be set before the world 1 all the splendour of His magnificence, that the people who glory in His Name may cast aside error, may rouse themselves irom sloth, may wholly give th mselves to the Faith of Christ, the Law oi Christ, the Grace of Christ, that they may have life? Without charity Catholic Action cannot exist; take away the Eucharist, and the springs of charity run dry If we wisely investigate the primordial creation, we find that man was formed in the image and likeness of God so that in the semblance of his Maker he might reflect the DivineGoodness in his works; so that since God is Love Itself the rational creation might for His glory, live by love To this pristine likeness of the Divine Majesty the Saviour restored us and set before us in the precept of charity the chf duty of the Christian and he fulfilment of the Gospel, asserting that they wear the distinguishing mark of His followers who live in the bonds of mutual charitv Nor did He content Himself with ordaining and commanding this charity as necessary, but with a love for us which reached to the uttermost limits of love before returning to the Father He nstituted the Sacrifice and the Sacrament of th Eucharist, the vital and eterna' principle of charity We have therefore that bv which we cquire the power tu love God and tu luve what He loves But, if human folly sink into spiritual indolence and through depraved self-love be cnsumed by vice let it blame but itself ince it has disdained the fountain rom which flow the perennial and life-giving water· of charity Should, then, anyone admire the zeal, the generosity, the sacrifice of the Church's children in every land, but be unmindful of the springs from whih this goodness pours forth, he is even as the Egyptians of old who blessed the flooding Nile as it bore fruitfulness to their fields but who knew not whence it took its rise There is an Altar of God, there is a Mount of God, and it is here that Ca° tholic Action must seek its source Is it not among the high peaks that the sources of mighty rivers are found? There is the Sacrifice of the Cross, continually reiterated in an unbloody manner the Divine Majesty is worthily adored thanks are rendered to Him for His benefactions, the gift of HIs forgiveness is won, thence the benefits generated by the Sacred Blood flow out to inundate the world Thence do we eat of the food of sweetness and ot grace which restores the life born to us by Baptism, restores it, strengthens it, expands it, gladdens it For it is "the Bread of Life which came down from heaven."

MW A Oflice: "WARICK

' With my very best wishes to your Grace, and with sentiments of the highest esteem I am 'Yours faithfully in Christ, " - I CARD PIZZARDO"

The charitv which overflows from the Eucharist, besides being strenuously active since it joins us to God n submission and to one another n mutual endeavour, is at once the efficient agent in the unitv of the Church, the bond of that unitv and its sign More than of temporal goods, the age in which we live has need of charity, justice and truth The impious abhorrence of divine illumination the deg aded worship of the material, the iciou: cult of self, arrogant pride, the f· vwrist lust for things that perish: all th.sc have driven the men of our times into so many dangers and tribulations that even as thev wallow in their miseries thev are casting about for some benign power that will enable them to rise, and oftentimes, although they know it not, they reach out to grasp the spiritual good

What does Our Holv Mother the Church desire more ardentlv than that the one charity should bind together all those who live in the one world that the one truth should illumine those upon whom shines the one sun? May then truth and charity enrich those who figt beneath the ensign of Catholic Action

THERECORD

Thursday, April 4, 1940

ST LUKES MEDICAL GUILD EXTENDED TO INDIA.

A significant develpment of Indian 0) ;f Catholic lite towards the close ot last year was the opening of the Bom- , bay Branch of St Luke's Guild t l-atholic Doctor:, In an 111o p, d augural address, the 'resident, Dr Cosmas Fernandes, reminded his hearers that in England the c 1d existed since 1910, and that (tll N° t origin the Catholic Medical s ' C::h l; Guardian is the only athole medical journal in the British Emre. The Bombay Branch was pr:. - :. I A; the first to be opened in India He trusted that its influence would soon spread beyond the city and Presidency and make itseli felt throughout the peninsula He declared that, when birth control, contraceptives, eugenic stertlisation and euthanasia were being openly advocated, it behoved Indian Catholic doctors to band together and do their utmost to preserve Christian standards of life among Catholics and to champion among their Hindu and Mosem neighbours the Catholic viewpoint on these problems

EGYPT CONSECRATED TO OUR LADY

By the authorit ie of its pastors. Catholic E :en officially consecrated to Virgin. The ceremony tool nuary 28 in the Francisca :eh f Our Ladv of Gras 'atholic Church in Ca I centuries the onl Del In the abse Ie gate, who was s,His Excellency the ginus Nuti O F M., lie of Egypt read ·ration on behalf of atniarchal Vicars of v s, and Apostolic Vicar icariat and that of the The Christian Egypt follows the line ary in all countries pr slem that of endeav te a favourable atmosphe :. conducted by Jesuits, Christian Brothers, and other congregations in th more popuous centres, while avoiding any direct appeal for converts, pave the way for a deeper nd justr appreciation of Christian truth bv Moslems and Jews. The Catholic press, in particular the Catholic Action weekly, Le Rayon D'Egypte,'' seeks to stress the social value of the hurch's message For the country districts there exists the Work of the Free Schools inaugurated by the Jesuits some half a century ago Such schools are to be found all the way from Cairo to Luxor They are subject to inspection by the Minis try of Education. and number more than 3,000 pupils.

LATE UGANDA KING WAS FRIEND OF CATHOLIC MISSIONS

The close of the old vear witnessed the disappearance from the Central African scene of Chwa II., thirty-fifth king of Uganda, who died on November 22 last. The late King was only one year old when he succeeded his father Mwanga II in 1897 While he was a minor, his kingdom was ruled by three regents, who later became his ministers

Two of these were Protestants, the third a Catholic the celebrated Stanislaus Mugwanya Chwa II took part in the East African campaign against Germany in the last World War Under his enlightened rule Uganda made rapid progress both materiallv and intellectually Towards his Catholic subjects the late King was always friendly In religious matters his rule was marked by justice and impartiality Consequentlythe Catholic Church made excellent headway during this period

Several members of the Royal Family are Catholics, and the late King placed great confidence in the distinguished Catholic chiefs, Mugwanya, Sebbowa, and Kiwanuka Chwa II is succeeded bv his sixteenVear-old son Walugembo, who, on asending the throne has taken the name of Mutosa II 'n accordance with the terms of the agreement between

EIGHTEEN NATIVE PRIESTSINTEN YEARSWILLBE

RECORDOF SOUTH INDIA DIOCESE.

When founded ten years ago as a sufiragan diocese of Pondicherry, the Salem Vicariate had no native priests To-day, thanks to the French priests of the Paris Foreign Mission Society, Salem numbers ten native priests among its clergy, and at the close of the present year will have eighteen, for the Most Rev Henry A Prunier Vicar Apostolic, recently conferred the diaconate on eight of his Indian semnarists

Although, owing to lack of resources, full advantage could not be taken of a wave of conversions that swept lately over the western section of the Mission and brought some 3,000 persons into the fold the work of evangelisation is making excellent headway The Brothers of St Gabriel, in charge of the Mission secondary school, are giving a Christian training to a privileged elite of young Indians The Catholic Boy Scout organisation also exercises a wholesome influence on the rising generation

SWISS SOCIETY SHOWS CONSOL NG FRUITS

One of the most active of the younger mission ongr·g tiems is the Bethlehem Foreign Mission Society of Switzerland Its beginning goes back to the house for home missions funded at Immensee in 1896 by Father Barral The purpose of thi foundatin originally was to provide priests for understaffed regions n the homeland With its ulterior development is associated principally the name of the Superior General, Rev Dr Bondolfi, who in 1911 took over the direction of the Immensee house Ten years later the Sacred Congregation of the Propaganda turned the Bethlehem establishment into a Mission Seminarv and founded the Bethlehem Mission Societv as such.

The first contingent of Bethlehem missionaries left for Manchuria in 1924 n July 9, 1928 the Independent Mision of Tsitsikar, cut off from Kirin Vicariate, was entrusted to the young Societv At that time there were scarcelv a thousand Catholics in the area, which covers some 200,000 square miles In 1932, one vear after the Mission was made a Prefecture, Catholie Christians already numbered 8,016 Last year's report mentions 22 500 Catholics out of a population of two and a half millions The number of missionaries by that time had increased to 41 priests and 23 nuns

The young Society was not spared painful sacrifices Imprisonment, sickness, and sometimes violent death lightened the ranks of the personnel In 1934 the then Apostolic Prefect Monsignor Imhof, met a mysterio 1s death when the train on which he was travelling was derailed and burst Ony some metal articles he had carried on his person established the identity of his remains

Within the ast two vears the Bethchem Society has undertaken missionary work onthe Dark Continent Eight priests and four Brothers are at work with the Jesuits in Rhodesia, It is expected that before long the Society will have its own Independent Mission in Africa

Uganda and Britain, in force since 1900, the election was dulv confirmed bv the British Imperial Government be fore the coronation festivities

CA TE RER Mrs E. B O'CONNELL

STIRLING SOCIAL ROOMS Comer Hay and Milligan Streets, (Upstairs)

OLD WOMAN MAKES FIFTY CONVERTS

On Chuhan Island opposite Ningpo, there dwelt till lately an old Chinese widow known as Mother Ah-Chow Baptised some twenty years ago, she had opened, after her husband's death, a small shop in the port city of Tinghai In due course her humble dwelling became a nucleus of active apostolic activity People from the mainland crossing over by steamer or junk to Tinghai got into the habit of dropping in 'to have a chat with Mother AhChow'' The good woman would offer them a bowl of rice or a cup of tea for which she made no charge Meantime she would take advantage of the opportunity to talk to them about the Christian religion

In a quiet way Mother Ah-Chow has been instrumental in effecting some fifty adult conversions The existence on Nimrod Bay of two Christian communities s due to her zeal, says the Most Rev Andrew J F Defebvre, C M , Vicar Apostolic of Ningpo A young Chinese nun, recently deceased here, owed to this warm-hearted woman both her conversion and vocation

The Japanese occupation of the Chushan archipelago spelt ruin to the

NINETEEN

port of Tinghai Mother Ah-Chow consequently had to close her shop and go back to her native village on the mainland Who knows whether in that isolated spot far from any missionary residence, she may not, with God's help, bring many other wandering sheep into the fold

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THE CHANGEOVER.

There is very little doing in athletic sport at the moment It is the between-season period and though League footballers are busily preparing it will not be until April 20 that the first pennant game will be played That match will be between Perth and Caremont The former club is to make a tour of the Eastern States and this early start will enable it to get a good start

The Most Modern and Hgienice Delicatessen in Western Australia caters for all your requirements Call or phone K50 for Service and Satisfaction!

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Cricket:

By "RECORDER."

Happenings

The grand final of the Senior Matting Association was won by Millar's by two wickets, the winners compiling 193 and 8 for 76 to their opponent's Wigmore's 147 and 121

A remarkable coincidence was pro vided by Wembley in the minor division grand final On Saturday they figured in a "tie" match with Melville

151 all They also figured in a minor division final "tie" match last season

TRY

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TRY HANNAN S LAGER at-Rod Beaton's HANNAN'S HOTEL HANNAN STREET, KALGOORLIE.

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In New South Wales St George won the grade premiership, defeating Wav erley by two wickets Bill O'Reilly hit lustily and effectively for 41 for the

winners

In Melbourne Fitzroy is contesting the grand final with Melbourne, and the former has scored 4 for 182 at stumps

Tennis:

At Hobart John Bromwich defeated Jack Crawford, 6-1, 46, 62, 6-2, to win th Australian Hardcourts Championship, while Mrs. Hopman took the women's title by defeating Miss Coyne, 64, 4-6, 6-1

In the schools' games pupils of Catholie schools are well to the fore In the girls' section, open singles championship semi-finals, R Ryan (Sacred Heart) defeated a school mate in M Gray 7-5 7-5 while E Wood (Sacred Heart) defeated B Hutchings (Princ2ss May), 6-2 6-2. In the under 14 singles championship (semi-final), V Earle (Sacred Heart) defeated J East (PLC) 6-2, In the under 16 singles championship (semi-final), E Ryan (Sacred Heart) beat B Bahen (St Joseph's, Fremantle) 8-6 6-3 and E Wood (Sacred Heart) defeated V Earle (Sacred Heart) 6-2 , 6-1 In the open doubles championship (semi-final, E Wood and M Grav (Sacred Heart) defeated L John and J Fernie (P.L C), 6-3, 46, 60

What

Probably the most astonishing Engish Derby won was that of the Italianwned Signorinetta in 1908 _ Her twoyear-old form had been vrv bad. her jockey was unknown, she was the only filly in the field, containing some highclass colts and fney prices against her were offered in vain bv the bookmak° ers She won easily, and two davs later won the Oaks- and then faded out of the racing game altogether

KALGOORLIE

CheStore where uour

« ,% ¢««too«to«vote«too«too

Racing wd���i-�c:ont

Park on Jcm

sass hos e prams sss.is so of a tja ff ± s[iii,

th an early before the weights) incidentally, that has been identified

',chways" tip for each event: with many great fightersBob Fitz-

Breeders' Handicap Ripplean simmons and Les Darey, just to men-

Plate: Samoan Clipper tion two Jem Mace was the most

Purse: Third Monk scientific fighter that England ever proBelmont Handicap: Prince Cunje duced He was often referred to as

Trial: Sarge the Father of the Famous Mace School

Welter: Breakers of Boxing He was born in 1831, near • • Norwich, England He was 5.9 tall, FROM THE EAST and weighed round about 180lbs He

A flooded track between the six and died on November 30, 1910 He won five furlongs, the result of watering, the world's championship, which in cost Maikai the Sydney Cup Maikai these days was really the championship floundered in it as he was making a of England, from Sam Hurst, in 186f, forward move and his chance of win- and lost it to Tom King in 1862 He ning went up in the air was again awarded the belt when King I watched Maikai closely and saw refused to meet him in a return match, him slither just after he had passed the and he.was recognised as champion of six furlongs At the time he was a England until his retirement He was definite possibility and as he finished in Australia for a period and also third to Mosaic and Royal Chief he fought in America-a 12-round draw was probably a good thing beaten-with Joe Coburn, November, 1871 Ascot"

Trotting

There will be a meeting at Gloucester Park on Saturday There will be seven events Five of the races will be over 1 mile 5 furlongs, for horses of the 220 class Two over the same distance for the 2.15 class There will be a Breeders Handicap, 1H miles, while the main event of the night will be the Sires' Produce Stakes 1 miles carryng £30 in prize money

Battling Nelson

One of the most picturesque boxers of all time was "Battling'' Nelson, often referred to as "The Durable Dane." It is said that the name "Battling''was bestowed on him at the christening, and was not as many think a nomdefight His dad sensed that he had a young fighter at least that is the claim made

"Battling's'' first job was on an ice cart and he made his fighting debut at a circus Before the performance commenced, Battling carried a banner in the street parade, and this got him a pass into the show

When he got in Nelson learnt that n the circus troupe was a championor near-champion- fighter One of Nelson's mates went up to the manager of the circus and said, We have a good fighter here called Battling Nelson What'll you give us if he knocks the block off your champion?"

Now this circus hamp had a reputation, but not one of Nelson's crowd had been able t ascertain if he reallv deserved it

The manager, who really thought he had a great fighter just laughed and said: 'Well, if your pal stands up for three rounds, I'll give him a chance to try again every night."

That suited Nelson, who waited until the ringmaster made his announcement, "Who'll take a glove with the Great Unknown?" Nelson got in quickly

The Battler did not take long to get ready for the fight, because he already had his pair of improvised boxing trunks under his street wear The announcer then said, 'Now, kid, be game and don't let this chap of ours kill you"

Talking about it vears after Nelson admitted that he was nervous, but prmncipally he said, because of the big crowd

As the Battler was being led out of he dessing room he almost bumped nto 'The Unknown" who was on his way to the ring. The announcer stopped the "Unknown" and said, "Jack, here is the chap who is going to do his best to win five dollars off you Don't hurt him-he's only a boy"

Then the two walked to the ring while the band played "The Conquer ng Hero" but which of the twain was t meant for, Bat soon made that clearhe knocked the "Unknown" for a row of nine pins!

It was that victory that convinced Nelson he would go to the top of the ;"" He_did for a great fighter was attling Nelson

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Designs and Estimates Free Call and Inspect Our Work. Country Enquiries Welcomed P O Box 323, KALGOORLIE

GOLF ODDITIES

Harry Cooper drove a golf ball 265 yards with a polo mallet in Hollywood

California

Bob Sweeney the 1937 British amateur champion, once killed a seagull with a shot at a short hole Dead bird and ball finished within a foot of the hole

Walter Hagen played the short 6th hole at the Worcester (U SA ) Club in one with a new ball and a new club on the day before the national open In the second round of that championship Hagen three-putted the sixth green, his last miss being less than a foot long Trustworthy

'Can he be trusted to keep his own score?"

"Well, once or twice Ive caught him putting the 9s in upside down"

Yatching

There was a time when the sole purpose of yachting was to help the Navy both in fighting with it in times of war and in training men to serve in it

Scandinavian ancestors went to England in ships, which were little more than vachts, and almost since then, when a man owned a ship, large or small he was encouraged to use it for the good of the Navy

As the years went on they played at being admirals, going through the evolutions of a fleet as well as thev could

To show how seriously yachtsmen to k their sport, one can quote the Duke of Buckingham's yacht It had 12 brass guns I8 and 1 pounders and a full complement of seamen

When needed, such yachts went into the Navy, and the owners were vying with each other to have the most serviceable type of craft

The Water Club of Cork, with an Admiral, 24 captains and a chaplain, was in existence in 1720

Later it became almost a sport The American Cup races began with the visit of "The American" to England in 1851 She beat "The Aurora'' and took a Cup back with her and that Cup is still in America!

CRICKETERGOLFER

First Caddie: Your man is taking a lot of trouble this time, studying the line of his putt."

Second Caddie: "·'Yes--he always slows up a bit when he's nearing his century" k t k

A crowd had gathered round a little man who was uttering strange noises

"Now what's all this about " inquired the policeman who came up to find out the cause of the commotion

"I'm not doing any 'arm sir," said the little man "I'm onlv a bird-imitator"

"A bird-imitator are vou?" sked the policeman 'Vell, then, let's see vou op it"

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SPECIALIST IN-

LITURGICAL CT€CHISM

THE ROGATION DAYS

When do the Rogation Days oc-

A They occur on the Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday before Ascension Thursday ie within the fifth week after Easter

Q Why is the name Rogation given to them?

A Because on these days special petitions (rogationes) are offered up to God by the recitation of the Litany of the Saints, supplemented in some places by the holding of a penitential procession

Q When were the Rogation days instituted?

• Thev were first introduced at Vienne (Dauphine) by Bishop Mamertus in 469, when a great plague was destroying his flock They were adopted in the Roman liturgy in the time of Leo III (816)

Q What are the Litanies of the Ro: gation days called?

A They are known as the minor Litanies to distinguish them from the major (greater) Litanies said on the 25th April The latter were introduced into Rome before the Litanies of the Rogation days, and are therefore of 'greater'' age The same Litany of the Saints is said on all four days, and s of obli-

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Reports of Funerals charged for at 2/- per inch, single column (about SO words in one inch)

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All enquiries concerning Advertisements should be addressed to the ADVERTISING MANAGER, THE RECORD," 450 HAY STREET PERTH, West Australia

gation on all those who are bound to the recitation of the Divine Office

Q Wha is the purpose of the minor Litanies?

A The twofold purpose is expressed in the rpst.e of Rogation Mondayto pray tor favourable weather for the crops and for the remission of our own sins and the sins of others

Q What is the origin of the major Litanies?

A They were introduced to supplant a pagan festival which used to be held n the 25th April to propitiate Robigus, the evil deity who brought mildew upon the corn

VATICAN TO GENERATE ITS OWN ELECTRICITY

Rome

For reasons of economy the Vatican will shortly generate its own electricity, hitherto supplied by a Roman company The generator will cost about £50,000

There are some 500 chandeliers in St Peter's with anything from I6 to 400 lights each The bells are worked by electricity

POPULATION

April 4, 1940

A BIRTHRATE GOES DOWN

Washington A marked decline in the United States birthrate is due largely to birth control, says Mr P K Whelpten, population research expert In 1800, he said, an average white American woman who lived through the child-bearing period had given birth to 78 children In 1930-34 the figure dropped to 2.2.

Ii the decline continues in 20 years there will be fewer schools and teachers and more homes for the aged, forecasts Mr Whelpton.

GIRLS VOTE FOR BIG FAMILIES

New Rochelle, New York Expressing disapproval of the Birth Control Federation of America campeign, senior girls of the Catholic college hereexpressed hope of having an average of 6 6 children each when they are married according to a poll

Some hope to have 14 children and a decided preference was'xpressed for twins

The Test of a Nation's Greatness

WE are moving, drifting, towards a population of the old and middle-aged This infertility, as medical investigations show, is not of Nature's making; it is conscious and deliberate on man's part It is nothing so concerted or thought-out as a policy of depopulation; it is only the aggregate of millions of domestic resolves to have one, or two children and with the bother and money thus saved to give them a school and a scale of living thrice as costly as the parents knew

Only a determined optimist would dare to claim that results are commensurate with the ambition and the outlay The scheme is conceived in pettiness that mistakes selfishness for social conscience and actually quotes unemployment as an excuse nstead of honestly seeking the remedy for that evil • The 'emancipated" have drenched the whole question with the new obscurantism One would criticise less if they were managing to produce Coleridges (Coleridge was a thirteenth child) or Admiral Blakes Blake as a youth reared educated and placed six younger brothers and sisters) or any of the other similar history-makers and thought-changers who came of big poor families

The big family is an education, a university if the parents are of good stock, and have brains With ordinary mutual loyalty, it reduces the griefs and risks incidental to life, and multiplies its opportunities, interests, and pleasures

The roll-call of the self·educated or the home-educated ncludes an impressive number of our greatest men This modern habit of costing our lives and education, pleasures and society, is to fly n the face of ascertained fact Money is not value; and money does not always procure value Indeed, the best things are without price

We are still talking of our greatness; do we clearly know in what a nations greatness consists? The current vagueness about this and other spiritual values is very closelv associated with this weakness in the birth rate At least the Victorian era which took to the money-quick idolatry had prophets to proclaim the opposite, men such as we need to-dyRuskin, Carlvle, Newman Manning Browning, Morris and Froude RIl held that wealth consisted, first and foremost, of lives, of sound human beings brave sober temperate

chaste to whom morals are of even more importance than money or know ledge or pleasures; where duty is first and rights are second As the lastnamed writer said, after a tour of the Empire as unofficial observer:

'It is to form a character of this kind that human beings are sent into this world, and those nations who succeed in doing it are those who make their mark in history Thev are Nature's real freemen, and give to man's existence on this pl net its real life and value Therefore all wise statesmen, look first in the ordering of their national affairs, to the effect which is being produced on character; and institutions, callings, occupations, habits and methods of life are measured and estimated first and beyond every other consideration, by this test The commonwealth is the common health, the common wellness No nation can pros per ong which attaches to its wealth any other meaning

4444444 $$ 4$444444444444444%.$444444444

POPE GIVES JAPANESE EMPEROR MAP OF WORLD

Tokyo

A map of the world was handed to the Emperor on behalf of the Pope y the Apostolic Delegate to Japan when he was received in audience at the Im perial Palace early last month After wards the Emperor sent the Pope a telegram expressing his thanks

4444444444444444444444444444444444444444444

CANADIAN CARDINAL OPPOSES VOTES FOR WOMEN.

The proposal to give votes to women in the Quebec province is being opposed by Cardinal Villeneuve, 0 MI., Archbishop of Quebec

The new Quebec Ministry is pledged to establish woman suffrage for provincial elections in the next session Cardinal Villeneuve has issued a statement that: Woman suffrage is inimical to the unity of the hierarchy of families; Its exercise exposes women to all the passions and adventures of political contests;

It appears to him that the great majority of the women of Quebec do not desire it

But a later telegram says that the Cardinal has agreed to withdraw his opposition

The Busbies'

Dear Cornerites ~ ~ Wednesday is the feast of the Solt of St Joseph, the greatest of emn1Y bet h as so in 1 the Saints, cause ie wIs ° "! [ connected with the life of Our tm?' Lord. His feast has, this Divine E: M, ·h been transferred irom Maret on yea' ,, of its falling in Holy Week accoun " [, ·h S The Church decided on AMre as it J h's special feast because that osep h E th, in lands north of the ·quator 3";;'opening of spring when all that is e :<j : .t bright and beautiful in nature re" ~ears after the long winter days The a'; hangs out its brightest banners ,"["irate the trinmphl entry of the best season This miracle of spring is le of Christianity, symbolic of the itense life that developed in the tjeh Christ founded Joseph is also the model head of the Holy Fami1\e. We measure the confidence we ~iaee in others by the value of things we entrust to their care Measured by this test, how God trusted St Joseph! He placed under his care the greatest and most valued of His treasures Mary and Jesus St Joseph has a unique claim to the position of patron of a happy death, since hedied the most blessed of deaths assisted when dying by Jesus and Mary at his bedside Hence we turn with trust to him when praying for the grace of dying in Gods grace and of securing that peace of conscience and spirit OI trust which will help us to face the great passage from time to eternity bt Joseph is also patron of the working man because he in his poverty of Nazareth, worked for his iving at the carpenter's bench. This trade Our Divine Lord Himself learnt from his foster-father thus giving us Himself as a model for all working menChrist the Worker

AUNT BESSY

k t t Perth

Dear Aunt Bessy,Enclosed please find 5s and two prick cards Please send along two more cards, 2d. enclosed for stamp Wishing you and Sandy the best of luck THE LASS FROM MAYO

Dear Lass From Mayo I very much appreciate the work you have done for the Bushies and more especially your offer to fill two more prick cards I have sent them on to you and I trust your good example will be followed by manv more of my Cornerites who have not yet responded to the appeal for Cardboard Brigade members

AUNT BESSY

ADOPT A BUSHIE

If you wish to forward "The Record and any other Catholic literature to a Bushie family send a stamped-addressed envelope to Aunt Bessy who will forward you a name and address Actually no literature itself must be sent to this officeonly the stamped, addressed envelope

Victoria Park

Dear Aunt Bessy,- I would like you to forward me the address of some Bushie,' so that I can send The Record' weekly G S

Dear G S ,I was very pleased you wrote in for a name and address of a Bushie I still have a good many more on hand and I hope they, too, will find owners sooner or later The practice of sending Catholic literature to outback children is a very commendable one as it forms quite an important part of their religious education.

AUNT BESSY

LEMONADE BOTTLE

Acknowledged With Thanks

7 Las to»Mase ",'

Honour

St Joseph's Feast Day is on Wednesday Pray to him for a happy Death

Carnarvon

Dear Aunt Bessy I am writing to ask you to send me two prick cards

I think I will be able to fill them in easily enough The weather up here is beautiful at the moment, though the cyclone up at Port Hedland threatens to disturb this soon We don't come within its direct orbit, but we feel its effect in disturbed weather conditions I hope the Bushies' Fund will realise a grand total this year AN OLD HELPER

Dear Old HelperThank you very much for relieving me of the two pinkies When the bananas and pineapples have gone to market I am sure the fund will benefit to the full ex tent of sixtv brownies However I don't think vou will have anv trouble n filling in the cards

AUNT BESSY #

Cottesloe

COLIN WESTBROOK

Dear Clyin, The stamps were warmlv welcomed I know it takes time to save them up but it is really worth while for they help the Cause quite a lot when thev are sold and the money dropped into the Lemonade Bottle This reminds me that the Bottle sn't even qu rter full yet, so if you know of anvone else who hasn't vet joined the page or helped for this year, just give them a gentle reminder AUNT BESSY k #

Leederville

Dear unt Bessy, This is my first letter to vou I want vou to send me a prick card to fill in for the Bushies, as I haven't helped them yet I have given my pennies to the Chinese Mission and the Papuan Mission so I am going to add the Bushies to my It end give my pennnies in turn to each JUNE DONNELLY

Dear June, That was a splendid idea which ncluded the Bushies among those you wish to help The Bushies are our own Australian Mission and we must help them to know God and ove Him in the same wav as the little Chinese and Papuan children AUNT BESSY

COUNT KNELT IN MARKET

PLACE TO PRAY BEFORE EXECUTION BY GERMANS

Count Mieczyslaw Chpalowski, bro° ther of the former Polish Ambassador to France knelt in the market-place at Koscieny, West Poland, and prayed before being executed by a German firing squad, says the Paris correspondent of "The Times''

Some 10,000 inhabitants of the town were obliged to witness his death

The Count made the Sign of the Cross just before he died and shouted "Long live Poland France and England"

Dear Aunt Bessy, am sending along a large box of stamps, which I hope you will find very useful I have been saving them for quite a while, but they took such a long time to mount up S BEECROFT-Butcher 181 Rokeby Road. Subiaco. Only Prime Fresh Killed Meat Sold Phone W1373 SAVE MONEY on Stoves, Coppers Baths, Bath Heaters, and repairs to al Stoves WA STOVE COY., corner Wellington and Queen Streets, Perth

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During the Mass the Rev Dr McMahon preached eloquently on the example of Cardinal Newman patron of the Society Occasional Address

Official Organ of the Archdiocese of Perth ESTABLISHED 1874

cewman Sunday at A SPLENDID ATTENDANCE

They were assembled that morning under the shadow of a great name, said Dr McMahon On their standard was inscribed that name, and as they marched they gazed upon it for inspiration and for courage; in fact, for them it symbolised the ideal they sought to attain For them who had had the good fortune to have received a University and professional training, that name distilled an aroma as one of the rarest flowers ever cultivated within academic walls On hearing that name spoken their ears tingled with the gentle sound of a silver bell stealing through the ivied cloisters of Oxford On seeing it in print they recalled the vision of an ascetic face, its unearthly eyes gazing afar off, its fine profile stamped with breeding its sensitive mouth, its lined cheek, the rounded chin of resolute but gentle determination, the tousled hair, and the air of unworldliness which it breathed

And that name which they in this distant corner of the world, had selected for their standard, was also proudly held aloft over clubs, halls, and societies within the crowded Universities of the New Lands

But that name did not lave them content and happy n its admiration It aroused and awakened within them a sense of responsibility for the priviege that was theirs of passing through a University 'neath its shadows It reminded them that such gifts and opportunities that were theirs were not granted to them without the obligation of using them for the highest purposes 'The motto chosen by the founders of our University within this State," continued Dr McMahon, "is: Seek Wisdom,' a noble challenge, surely ! And what better guide in our search for wisdom can we Catholic members of the University, have than that name I am endeavouring to acclaim-the name of John Henry Cardinal Newman?

Splendid and enduring tributes had been paid to Newman, the writer ofexquisite prose, to Newman, the orginal thinker, whose influence over his fellows would remain as long as the writ ten word remained.

A Man of God

That morning his purpose was to reintroduce them to Newman, thie man of prayer and penance to Newman, the priest, submissive and resigned, to that inner man, which, like the hidden engine room in a majestic liner was the power which enabled him to face and survive the storms and human buffeting that were his lot for over 30 vears Those rare gifts of his, the quick penetrating mind, the enormous energy and unwearied application, the exquisite sense of words great gifts ndeed, but they would not have sustained him through the life he was called upon to live Theywould have failed him. as thev had failed others as gifted before him, and since That keen intellect, enriched by nature and sharpened by training, which like the edge on the surgeon's scalpel, could uncover and excise the source of loose thinking could never have bent its head to the blows that fell upon him No, the intellect alone would have rebelled and re-echoed the "non serviam" of Lucifer

And Newman knew this because n his lectures on The Idea of a University," he wrote these striking words: "Quarry the rock with razors, or moor the vessel with a thread of silk, then mav you hope with such keen and delicate nstruments as human knowledge and human reason to contend against those giants, the passion and the pride of man "

An Oxford Legend

To appreciate that inner man one must try to understand what Oxford meant to Newman, and what Newman meant to Oxford The year 1838 was the high water mark of his influence on Oxford He was now 37 years of age, and for a decade, as vicar of St Marv's and University preacher thousands had flocked to hear him and had carried his fame abroad until his name became a legend Principal Shairp related how, in Oriel Lane, "light-hearted undergradu-

THE Xewman Society of WA held its annual Mass and Holy Communion at the Cathedral last Sunday March 31 Founded in 1923 n the Parochial Hall of the Bishop's Palace, with the late Archbishop Clune presiding, the late Professor Shann, then Vice-Chancellor, representing the University (still in what is now referred to as its "Tin-pot-Alley-days of Irwin Street"); the Very Rev Prior Rios, 0 S B., lecturing; and the Rev Father McMahon outlining the scope and aim of the Society and summarising the results of the many meetings held at the University, Irwin Street, to formulate the conditions of membership

The Newman Society was founded to be a living link between the Church and the University in this new land, a link to remind us of what the Church has done for Universities in the old lands In 1924 the Newman Society was officially recognised by the Senate

In 1926 the first University Sunday held in this State was the Newman Society Mass and Holy Communion at St Mary's Cathedral. In 1932 the University followed our good example by holding its celebration at St George's Cathedral, and has continued to do so To the Newman Society belongs the credit of pioneering this annual celebration in this State

Last Sunday's celebration was an impressive function, and was well attended

His Grace the Archbishop celebrated the Mass, assisted by the Very Rev Dr Kennedy, Adm The Cathedral Choir, conducted by the Rev Father A Lynch, sang the Mass To the conductor and the members of his choir the president of the Society; Miss Dorothy Tangney B A, paid a fitting tribute of thanks at the Communion Breakfast.

ates would drop their voices and whis per 'There's Newman, as with head thrust forward and gaze fixed as though at some vision seen only by himself with swift, noiseless steps he passed by.'

"Who" Matthew Arnold has written ''could resist the charm of that spirit. ual apparition, gliding in the dim afternoon of ight of St Mary's rising into the pulpit and then in the most entrancing of voices, breaking the silence with words and thoughts which were a religious music, subtle, sweet, and mournful? Happy the man who, in that susceptible season of youth hears such voices! They are a possession to him for ever''

And to Newman Oxford was the golden strand which bound into a sheaf all that was dearest to him his friendships, his hopes, his wishes His Great Decision. In 1839 as he told them in his Apologia,' he was convinced that he could not remain in the Anglican Church All the weapons upon which he had placed such reliance in former days had snapped or wilted in his hands And so came the great decision, the terrible parting from all that bound him with ties as strong as blood. He had resigned and gone to live in the village of Littlemore, some few miles from Oxford "It makes me very downcast" he had written to his sister To Littlemore, as a wounded hare seeks the sanctuarv of a mountain cave Newman hadfled with his books and a few friends there to soothe the pain of parting, and to seek within its little oratory the courage and strength to pay the terrible price in humiliations and misunderstandings which his great decision would cost There for a few years the struggle within his soul had continued Wistfully he looked back over the road he had travelled where the turrets and towers of his beloved Oxford were continually tugging at his heart to draw all that was human in him to return To distract his mind from those yearning voices, Newman had lived n an atmosphere of monastic silence and prayer, locked in his cell, where he stood at his tall writing table month after month toiling with infinite pains, yet, with ardour as infinite, on a work which marked him as one of the greatest and most or1ginal thinkers of his own or any generation-his "Essay on Development."

At 10 o'clock on the night of October 8, 1845 his two closest friends Dal gairns and Ambrose St John had walked into Oxford to meet Father Dom° inic It had been raining steadily for hours, and when the traveller arrived at Littlemore late at night, he had to

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sit close to a blazing fire to dry his sodden clothes That same night, despite the lateness of the hour, Newman had made his general confession, and was received in the little oratory while the rain fell and the wind moaned in the trees without Next day he had received Holy Communion, and Mass was said there for the first time Thus he crossed the frontier and passed from the old life to the new

The Price He Had to Pay

From 1846, when Newman was ordained a priest in his 45th year, to 1879, when Leo XIII conferred the Red Hat upon him in his T8th year, the greatness of soul of that man of God could be seen Newman had said at Littlemore that the state of mind that followed his conversion was like coming into port after a rough sea He was not long in that port however, until he began to feel the strangeness of his surroundings among a people who eyed him and his followers with suspicion and doubt During those 30 odd years this fine tempered soul would be tried and tested With other great names a great decision had brought abiding peace Not so with Newman On the battle had raged until at last his sanctity and humility won But it had been a battle, hard and unremitting which had made him taste the sense of personal failure, made him suffer the bite of frustration, and made him eat the dust of bitter humiliation

Each time he had offered his rare gifts to promote some cause dear to him, and for which he felt that he was so, well equipped his efforts had been thwarted and his work discontinued In those soul-searching experiences would that great brain have sustained him? They knew quite well that the human intellect alone would have rebelled, or at least retired to a sullen nactivity And what had been Newman's reaction to all this? A sense of failure and disillusionment had been nevitable, but in spite of it soared the man of God who could write to a friend these words: "For myself I feel as full oi thought and life as ever I was But a certain invisible chain impedes me, a bar stops me, when I attempt to do anything And the onlv reason whv I do not enjoy the happiness of being out of conflict is because I [eel to mvself I could do much in it" And the concluding words explained how he could face it all: "God uses His instruments as he wills"

The Great Frustration That was not the occasion to paint in detail pictures of the major frustra-

RE-APPOINTMENT ON SENATE

The Executive Council have re appointed the Rev Dr J T McMahor M A., as a representative of the Government on the University Senate for a further term of six years, beginning in March, 1940 Dr McMahon was originally appointed on March 6, 1934

tion: of thse year, preacher He could only ref by name leaving it to the them later

To Old Oscott, where Father New man and his fellow convert wr hiving a life oi prayer silene and tudy Cardinal Wiseman sent a demand tor a course of Lenten Sermons», indicating the aggressive combative note he wished them to take Newman had reluctantiy agreed and to Spanish Place he had come to preach to rows and rows of empty seat: The experi ence nearly broke Newman's heart That voice, which a few since, thousands had flocked t no echoed sadly about the and through the aisles of an all but lesrted church. It had seemed as though his day was over, that the oi magic had departed from him A lesser sul would have accepted deteat

Another opportunity had come to him which by talent, training, and inclination he was pre-eminently fitted for The Irish bishops offered him the Rectorship of the new University they had intended to create at Dublin Eagerly he had clutched at the offer, and had begun to write those serene and beautiful words which later he had delivered in Dublin as lectures on "The Idea of a University" He had gone to Dublin and toured the provinces to meet the Irish Bishops Everywhere suspicion and misunderstanding had confronted him He grasped the situationthat his dream of establishing an outpost of Oxford in Ireland was at an end; so back home he had gone with the weight of another failure heavy upon him

Once again he had retired to the silence, study and prayer of the Birming ham oratory Cardinal Wiseman had suggested the task of a translation of the Bible Newman had accepted the commission enthusiastically, for here was something he could do well He looked upon the invitation as a solace for the rebuffs and ill-treatment he had suffered, and as a compliment to his genius Without loss of time he had set to work, selected a group t collaborators and allocated to each his special task He had also written, at great pains an introduction to the translations A year had gone by, a happy year, full of activity for him and his chosen group; much had been done, and Newman had spent his money freely n securing every available reference book Then had come a bolt from the blue, in a letter from Cardinal Wiseman, which had suspended the work and finally lead to its abandonment Newman tore up his ntroduction released his circle of collaborators; and once again the pall of acute discouragement had descended upon him(Please turn to Page 7.)