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contents SEPTEMBER 2018 VOLUME 77 • NUMBER 4
The April 1994 issue of Canadian Plastics broke the news about a cutting-edge processing technology that combined painting of plastic parts with injection molding. Launched at the NPE1994 trade show, the injected paint technology, or IPT, was developed by the EPIC Group, which was made up of 25 companies in six major research areas related to engineering polymers, including H.B. Fuller Evode, Battenfeld GmbH, DSM, Caradon Rolinx, and toolbuilders Clearplas and Mouldflow. The IPT process involved parts being injection molded and painted in the same mold, and parts ranging from two to 12 mm wall thicknesses had been produced at the show. “Battenfeld cites auto trim, fascia, bumpers, and body panels as likely applications, as well as stereo and TV housings, outdoor furniture, and fixtures,” our report said.
Number of the month:
9*
* The number of founders of rotational molder Techstar Plastics in 1978. (See pg. 13)
in every issue 4
5
6
Editor’s View: The straws that break our industry’s back? Ideas & Innovations: Solar-powered rotational molding units step into the light News: • Hamilton Plastic Systems is reborn in the U.S.A. • W. Amsler moves to expanded facility in Bolton, Ontario • Dri-Air Industries founder Charlie Sears passes away • Supplier News and People
27 Technology Showcase
Cover Photo Getty Images
FROM THE ARCHIVES
10
26
22 cover stories: rotational molding
10 New technologies add new spins Rotomolding is a small industry, which means development can be limited and progress slow. And it also means that innovations can get overlooked because no one’s paying attention. So in case you missed them, here are some new offerings in machines, software, and materials.
13 Techstar Plastics is prospering in Port Perry As they hit a milestone, the owners of this well-known Ontario rotomolder look back on four decades of stress and success.
features 16 ROBOTS & AUTOMATION: Guardians of the factory Industrial automation is more common, and faster, than ever before, which means more potential danger than ever before. Keeping in compliance with new safety standards by using the latest protective measures for the robot cell and the operator can prevent disaster.
20 AUTOMOTIVE: The acceleration of innovation The automotive industry is one of the world’s fastest-changing sectors, and when it comes to new part applications, it’s all about getting the most from the latest resins.
29 Classifieds
22 PACKAGING: Ontario firm pops the lid on a new concept in peelable IMLs
29 Advertising Index
KBS Impact can save container weight and costs with its peelable in-mold label, which acts as a tamper-evident seal to replace traditional threaded flip-top closures and induction heat-sealed liners.
30 Technical Tips: Rotational molding design guidelines (part 1) Visit us at www.canplastics.com
24 RECYCLING: ReVital Polymers wants your black plastic trays and containers The City of Toronto says that recycling black plastic isn’t worth the trouble. This Sarnia, Ont.-based recycler begs to differ. September 2018 Canadian Plastics
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editor’s view
The straws that break our industry’s back?
I
t’s official: The first step toward actually criminalizing a big segment of our industry was taken in July, when the city of Santa Barbara, Calif. passed an ordinance allowing restaurant employees to be punished with up to six months of jail time or a US$1,000 fine for offering plastic straws to their customers. You’re aware, I’m sure, that plastic straw bans have been spreading like wildfires throughout North America, the UK, and Europe as more and more major retailers and municipalities disavow them. The bans began in earnest in June, when a disturbing eight-minute video of a research team removing a plastic straw stuck in a sea turtle’s nose went viral; the video has 40 million views on YouTube and counting. Two points, I think, are worth making. First, if the goal of banning plastic straws is to reduce the pollution that can harm marine life, then the wrong end-product is being targeted. Weighing in at just one sixty-seventh of an ounce, plastic straws account for 0.15 per cent of the average North American’s annual use of plastic, almost none of which winds up in the oceans because our laws generally prohibit it. And of all the plastic that does wind up in the ocean worldwide — overwhelmingly from China, Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines, and Vietnam — only about 0.02 per cent is plastic straws. Which means that even if all the billions of plastic straws manufactured annually ended up in the ocean — which they won’t — they would still add up to only about 2,000 tons of the nearly 9,000,000 tons of plastic waste entering the waters each year. In short, plastic straws are a miniscule part of plastics pollution. The second point is, since major
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retailers and municipalities are no doubt aware of the first point, why are they targeting straws? There’s a symbolic aspect, for sure: By banning plastic straws, we can all feel good about keeping marine life safe without having to give up anything vital. But as other plastics industry members have already suggested, it’s possible there’s a bigger goal in sight — one that involves using the so-called “gateway drug” strategy. For the uninitiated, a gateway drug is a drug such as alcohol or marijuana whose use can lead to other, more addictive drugs. Same thing here. In this analogy, straw bans represent the first illicit puffs that the “dealers” — environmentalists, imageconscious corporations, and left-leaning politicians — exploit to push us all into the equivalent of the final stage of raging opioid abuse: the comprehensive global ban of all single-use plastic products. Sounds farfetched? I hope it is, but umpteen municipal plastic bag bans have been enacted worldwide since the sea turtle video went viral, and in mid-August both Chile and New Zealand announced national bans on plastic bags. Total bans such as these are the real threat to our industry. In North America and Europe, at least, virtually every molecule of a single-use plastic product can be recycled; with regard to plastic in the oceans, meanwhile, by all means let’s insist in trade talks that those five countries listed above stop their dumping. Which makes plastic bans unnecessary other than as virtuesignalling. The time to reverse this wave of meaningless feel-goodery, by emphasizing the effectiveness of plastic recycling, is now. Before making single-use plastic products — and not just offering someone a straw — becomes the crime.
Canadian Plastics magazine reports on and interprets developments in plastics markets and technologies worldwide for plastics processors, moldmakers and end-users based in Canada.
www.canplastics.com EDITOR Mark Stephen 416-510-5110 Fax: 416-442-2230 mstephen@canplastics.com NATIONAL ACCOUNT MANAGER Catherine Connolly 289-921-6520 cconnolly@annexweb.com ART DIRECTOR Andrea M. Smith ACCOUNT COORDINATOR Tracey Hanson 416-510-6762 thanson@annexbusinessmedia.com CIRCULATION MANAGER Aashish Sharma 416-442-5600 ext. 5206 asharma@annexbusinessmedia.com VP PRODUCTION / GROUP PUBLISHER Diane Kleer dkleer@annexbusinessmedia.com PRESIDENT & CEO Mike Fredericks PRINTED IN CANADA ISSN 008-4778 (Print) ISSN 1923-3671 (Online) Publication Mail Agreement #40065710 2018 SUBSCRIPTION RATES 6 issues Canadian Plastics, plus Dec. 2019 Buyers’ Guide: CANADA: 1 Year $75.50 plus applicable taxes; 2 Years $121.00+ taxes USA: US$132.50/year FOREIGN: US$151.00/year
CIRCULATION mchana@annexbusinessmedia.com Tel: 426-442-5600 ext. 3539 Fax: 416-510-6875 or 416-442-2191 Mail: 111 Gordon Baker Road, Suite 400, Toronto, ON M2H 3R1 Occasionally, Canadian Plastics will mail information on behalf of industry related groups whose products and services we believe June be of interest to you. If you prefer not to receive this information, please contact our circulation department in any of the four ways listed above. Annex Privacy Officer privacy@annexbusinessmedia.com • Tel: 800-668-2374 No part of the editorial content of this publication June be reprinted without the publisher’s written permission ©2018 Annex Business Media. All rights reserved. Opinions expressed in this magazine are not necessarily those of the editor or the publisher. No liability is assumed for errors or omissions. All advertising is subject to the publisher’s approval. Such approval does not imply any endorsement of the products or services advertised. Publisher reserves the right to refuse advertising that does not meet the standards of the publication. MEMBER: Magazines Canada, Canadian Plastics Industry Association.
Mark Stephen, editor
mstephen@canplastics.com
www.canplastics.com
2018-08-27 8:56 AM
ideas & innovations
Photo Credits: LightManufacturing LLC
Solar-powered rotational molding units step into the light
A LightManufacturing solar rotomolding machine.
F
or Beatles fans in the rotational molding sector, “Here Comes the Sun” has just taken on a whole new meaning now that rotomolding machine maker LightManufacturing LLC has launched its Solar Rotational Molding (SRM) series of solar powered units. Available in two models — the onechamber SRM1, which costs about US$50,000; and the two-chamber SRM2, which costs about US$100,000 — the proprietary technology is designed to allow low-cost manufacturing of large rotomolded products such as water tanks and boats without the use of fossil fuels. The Pismo Beach, Calif.-based company’s SRM systems can be placed on any piece of unimproved land; no building, concrete pad, or grid energy connection is required. Heat for melting the plastic comes from an array of the company’s “H1” heliostats — which are mirrors that track the sun and reflect the sunlight onto a central receiving point — and a photovoltaic array on the roof of the shipping container provides energy to rotate the molds and operate other equipment. “This ease of installation means customers can put inexpensive production capacity in new markets, or put manufacturing close to customers to reduce transport costs,” said Karl von Kries, LightManufacturing’s founder and CEO.
Heliostats power the machine.
Both models in the SRM series come with step-motor control, von Kries added, which give users more control over the position of molds within their machines than standard motors, so heat can be focused in particular areas for discrete amounts of time. The larger SRM2 comes complete with 20 heliostats and can make products as big as a 650-gallon water tank. The machines can use any rotomolding resin, including PE, PP and nylon, and manufacture the same sort of products as traditionally powered versions, including toys, road barriers, and kayaks. “Customers can make useful parts entirely off-grid, and do it at much lower cost than with a traditional gridtied facility,” von Kries said. “The entire manufacturing complex — including heliostat setup, raw material and part storage, and rotomolding machine — takes up about 1,000 square feet; 12 systems can squeeze onto an acre of bare ground.” The company claims its SRM units can operate anywhere with good available sunlight, with over 49 per cent of the Earth’s land suitable for year-round molding and an even larger area suitable for seasonal molding. Several SRM machines are already being operated in the U.S., von Kries
said, and the company has patents pending in dozens of other countries. So to modify another Beatles clasCPL sic, all you need is light.
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for interviews with industry experts, coverage of plastics industry events, and more!
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September 2018 Canadian Plastics
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news
Hamilton Plastic Systems is reborn in the U.S.A.
Steve Hamilton (left) and Douglas Hamilton on the shop floor.
M
aking it big in America has always been a benchmark for skilled and ambitious Canadians — even Gretzky had to move to Los Angeles to become a legitimate international superstar. Likewise, Canadian companies are naturally drawn to the U.S. when they decide it’s time to grow, since the American market offers such attractions as geographic proximity, a familiar language and culture, and a business-friendly environment. All of which is why one of the most familiar surnames in Canadian plastics has set its sights south of the border. Mississauga, Ont.-based Hamilton Plastic Systems Ltd., owned and operated by Steve Hamilton and Douglas Hamilton, actually began to plan its expansion into the U.S. several years ago — which is also when the company began to reinvent itself. Founded in 1965 as A.C. Hamilton and Co. Ltd. by industry pioneer Arthur Hamilton, the firm made its mark by designing, developing, and manufacturing material handling, blending, drying, and product conveying systems for plastics processing; and also as a sales distributor for other plastics industry equipment and machinery suppliers. A.C. Hamilton was renamed Hamilton Avtec in 1992 when the second generation, brothers Steve and Richard Hamilton, took over; and renamed again as Hamilton Plastic Systems in 2011 when Richard
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Hamilton retired and Steve and his nephew Douglas took charge. Shortly after, Steve and Douglas also began a slow recalibration of the company. “Hamilton Avtec’s focus was purely on auxiliary equipment: material handling equipment, including pellet and powder loaders; vacuum and pressure pumps; station controls; additive feeders; and railcar unloading and custom scale systems,” Steve Hamilton said. “Its major market was Canada — which accounted for three quarters of total sales — and its main sector was automotive.”
GENERATION GAP But this latest generation of the Hamilton family had good reasons to want to do things a bit differently. “When Douglas and I took over, our biggest concern was where we were going to focus,” Steve Hamilton said. “The automotive market was unreliable, fluctuating between highs and lows, and the recession had changed a lot of the rules about equipment supply and demand.” The goal, he continued, was to find a stable business base. There are two primary ways to do that — either by expanding or limiting your product offering. “We chose to expand,” Steve Hamilton said. Drawing on Steve Hamilton’s own background in the blow molding sector, the company became the North American representative for Italian extrusion blow molding machinery maker Plastiblow Srl. “Representing Plastiblow means that we’re now selling both processing and auxiliary machinery, which is a big step forward,” he said. “We now have direct contact with processors, and we can pursue material handling opportunities with them.” An even bigger move was the decision to focus on the U.S. “We pushed our resources into the American market, and it took a few years to make that breakthrough,” Steve Hamilton said. But the work is paying off. In addition to handling Plastiblow in
North America, the company is also the North American representative for Movacolor gravimetric and volumetric dosing systems and — most recently — for Plastic Systems SpA, which is also headquartered in Italy. “Plastic Systems makes a complete line of conveying equipment, and we signed a contract to carry their entire product line during NPE2018 in May,” Steve Hamilton said. “They’re probably best known for their drying systems, especially for their relationship supplying Husky with PET dryers.” Between Hamilton Plastic Systems’ affiliations, distribution lines, and its own representatives, the 15-employee-strong company now distributes to almost 80 per cent of the U.S., Steve Hamilton said “We’re now taken more seriously in America,” he said. “We’re much better known than we used to be, and are brought to the table on more projects. It definitely represents our biggest sales spike.” Which doesn’t mean the company has forgotten its roots, however — the firm’s latest development is 100 per cent made-in-Canada. “We have a new proprietary Meridian 5 wireless control system for all of our equipment that we believe is going to revolutionize how loading systems are put together,” Steve Hamilton said. With a system configuration of up to 96 stations, 32 vacuum pumps, and 32 purge valves, and a long list of standard features — including “first-in/ first-out” technology and station prioritization to ensure that receivers keep up with higher demand machines without sacrificing system performance — the new controller works on all Hamilton Plastic Systems brand auxiliary and material handling equipment, and is designed to meet the most demanding applications. “Once a customer buys the controller, that’s it — they never have to upgrade it,” Steve Hamilton said. “If they need to add another station, they buy another loader, add it on, and conwww.canplastics.com
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tinue forward. The controller automatically recognizes the new station and adds it on as the next one in line. It’s a configurable and continually expandable plug-and-go system, and it also eliminates the cost of wiring, which is a major cost to installing new equipment.” An improvement on Hamilton’s Meridian 1 controller, the Meridian 5 took five years to develop, Steve Hamilton said. “We put a lot of research and effort into this, with most of the work being done in-house,” he said. “The controller was thoroughly beta tested and then rolled out at the end of August.” Designed and developed in the Great White North, the Meridian 5 will become a hot item south of the border, Steve Hamilton hopes. “The new controller is part of our reinvention, and goes hand-in-hand with our push into the American market,” he said. “We’re adding one to two new workers every year, and it’s largely because of the U.S. We’re still growing in Canada, but our growth in America has been tremendous.” CPL
Dri-Air Industries founder Charlie Sears passes away
C
harles Sears, the president of dryer manufacturer Dri-Air Industries Inc., passed away on August 5 at age 78. An engineer with a BSME degree from Northeastern University in Boston and an MME degree from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Sears — widely known as Charlie — entered the plastics industry in 1970, and rose to hold senior positions with such plastics industry companies as Polymer Machinery, Automated Assemblies, and Nelmor (AEC). Sears started East Windsor, Conn.-based Dri-Air in 1985 and it quickly became a leading supplier of drying systems for the plastics industry. Sears had over 40 years of experience in the design and manufacturing of drying systems, and held several patents. Dri-Air is a family-owned and operated business; Sears’ wife Esther manages the accounting and son Jason, who has been with the company for 27 years, is the operations manager. The firm has 27 employees. Dri-Air is distributed in Canada by Maguire Products Canada Inc. CPL
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news
W. Amsler Equipment moves to expanded facility in Bolton, Ontario
development, pilot production, . Amsler Equipment Inc., and classroom-style training. a Canadian supplier of And easier access to air and rail all-electric, linear PET stretch transportation will make it more blow molding machines, reloconvenient for supply partners, cated its headquarters and customers and vendors, Heidi manufacturing operations Amsler said. from Richmond Hill, Ont. to In addition to PET stretch Bolton, Ont. earlier this sumblow molding machines, Amsler mer. The new location, supplies equipment for complete designed to meet expanding blow molding plants and filling demands for the company’s lines. These products include growing PET blow molding bottle inspection units, blowmachine business, is in the The exterior of Amsler’s new headquarters in Bolton. dome spin-off trimmers, air heart of the “Plastics Corridor,” so called because the area is ect management activities, said Heidi compressors, vacuum conveyors, home to such major machinery sup- Amsler, the firm’s marketing man- molds, Gaylord dumpers, mold templiers as Husky Injection Molding ager. “We’ve experienced rapid perature control units, and process Systems Ltd., Athena Automation growth over the last five years and chillers. All equipment, production assets Ltd., as well as numerous blow we’ve outgrown our current space,” and employees were transferred from she said. molders. The expanded facility — which the company’s previous facility in Amsler has signed a lease agreement for 34,000 square feet of space, was renovated before the company Richmond Hill to Bolton. Amsler was founded in Concord, which will more than double the com- moved in in August — will house pany’s current capacity. In addition to sales, engineering, manufacturing, Ont. in 1994 by Werner Amsler; the corporate offices, the new HQ will and service personnel. It will also company moved to Richmond Hill in house business development and proj- accommodate more room for machine 1999. CPL
Photo Credit: W. Amsler Equipment Inc.
W
Wittmann Battenfeld Canada promotes from within to replace retired sales rep Gord Stowar
Gord Stowar
Lisa Allong
A
Connor McCormack
fter 42 years in the industry, well-known Ontario processing machinery and auxiliary equipment salesman Gord Stowar retired from Richmond Hill, Ont.-based Wittmann Battenfeld Canada Inc. at the end of June, and has been replaced by two young staff members promoted from within. Lisa Allong has been with the machinery and auxiliary equipment supplier since 2015, most recently as the parts/ service coordinator; and Connor McCormack was a mem-
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ber of the service team. Allong will be the new technical sales representative covering Eastern Ontario and the Maritimes, and McCormack will be the technical sales representative for Western Ontario and Western Canada. Like many plastics industry sales veterans in Southern Ontario, Stowar got his start with Toronto’s Mould-tek Industries Inc., which was then a leader in the field of bulk handling systems. “I worked for Mould-tek for 10 years, and then left to join Nucon Systems Inc. working for Len Miller, then stayed when it became Nucon Wittmann in 1999, and then worked in technical sales when it became Wittmann Battenfeld Canada,” he said. For Rob Miller, president of Wittmann Battenfeld Canada, Stowar’s retirement was bittersweet. “Gord is a good friend, and he’s also an outstanding salesman who’s been a valuable member of our team and a big contributor to our growth, so on both the personal and professional levels it’s hard to see him go,” Miller said. “But he believes it was the right time for him, and Lisa and Connor are good fits to take over his sales territory.” CPL www.canplastics.com
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news
SUPPLIER NEWS – T hermoplastic resin and commercial purging compound (CPC) supplier Simcoe Plastics Ltd., of Shanty Bay, Ont., has partnered with DMEMilacron to distribute two new grades of CPCs in Canada that are made by Fresh Start Polymers of Aurora, Ont. The CPCs are Fresh Start’s MC-2 mechanical purge and its GP hybrid m e ch a n ic a l / ch em ic a l grade. Developed in Ontario and manufactured in the U.S., both products meet GRAS and FDA 21 CFR standards.
Halsey Cook Jr.
Greg DeKunder
Manfred Gingl
Jerry Rex
Dale Hedberg
Sachin Sakhalkar
Calvin Wallace
PEOPLE – Spartanburg, S.C.-based specialty – Sudbury, Mass.-based machine tooling chemical supplier Milliken & Co. and automation maker Methods Machine has named Halsey Cook Jr. as its Tools Inc. has appointed Jerry Rex as president and CEO. president and CEO, and Dale Hedberg as vice president of operations. – Calgary-based chemical maker Nova Chemicals Corp. has appointed – Material supplier Teknor Apex Co., Greg DeKunder as vice president headquartered in Pawtucket, R.I., has of marketing of its PE business unit. appointed Sachin Sakhalkar as vice president of its global TPE business. – L uxembourg-based automotive interior parts maker International – Global automation supplier Beckhoff Automotive Components Group has Automation has named Calvin Wallace named Manfred Gingl as its new as the new managing director of its CanaCEO. Gingl is the former CEO of dian subsidiary Beckhoff Canada, which Magna International Inc.’s afteris headquartered in Mississauga, Ont. He market division. replaces Joe Ottenhof, who is retiring.
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rotational molding
New technologies
ADD
NEW SPINS Rotomolding is a small industry, which means development can be limited and progress slow. And it also means that innovations can get overlooked because no one’s paying attention. So in case you missed them, here are some of the latest offerings in machines, software, and materials. By Mark Stephen, editor
C
ompared to other plastics molding processes, waiting for developments in rotational molding can feel a bit like watching glaciers advance. But the slow movements of glaciers have worked miracles, carving out the Great Lakes and Niagara Falls among other natural wonders. So too with rotational molding, also known as rotomolding: The changes might come slowly, but they create dramatic and lasting results. The slow pace of development actually isn’t hard to understand. Globally, rotomolding is a small industry, with — according to the Association of Rotational Molders (ARM) — only between 4,000 to 5,000 companies involved in total, most of which are small enterprises.
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Rotomolding is also heavily dependent on PE — in either powder or micropellets — and approximately 95 per cent of rotomolded products are made from this material, but the sector still accounts for less than two per cent of global PE demand. Finally, while rotomolding can produce a wide range of products with complex designs and aesthetic finishes, the majority of companies rely on simple products and operator skill for their success. All of which means that, taken as a whole, the industry’s desire to invest in new technologies can be lukewarm at best. But machinery, software, and resin and additive suppliers are out there pitching anyway, offering new innovations in efficiency, communication
tools, and process monitoring, as well as advances in material characteristics. Here are some of the most recent developments.
UNDER PRESSURE In late 2017, a new pressure vacuum feeding capability was added to the RotoLoad powder dispensing system — originally developed by Wittmann Battenfeld Canada Inc. — that’s designed to be safer and more efficient than traditional gravity loading systems. Available through Paladin Sales, RotoLoad is an automatic system that weighs powdered PE and dispenses it directly into the mold of the rotomolding machine. “Some plants can’t use gravity-fed systems because the ceilings are too low; also, you have to have www.canplastics.com
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Getty Images
rotational molding
someone go up steps and lift a basket to pour in from the top, which can be dangerous,” said Terry Gillian, owner of Paladin Sales. “The pressure feeding capability eliminates the need for a worker to climb a ladder to load the powder, reducing the potential for injuries.” The RotoLoad is available in an Integral System configuration that features a standalone, self-contained hopper, individual vacuum loader, and filter system. The Gaylord for the powder is positioned within a few feet of the system, which can have hoppers with capacities of 50, 150, or 300 lbs, and the system can dispense powder at 360 lbs per minute and can reload at about 15 to 20 lbs per minute. A new central system configuration, meanwhile, uses a floor mounted vacuum
pump that can manage up to six separate RotoLoad powder dispensing systems, and which has enough power to feed resin powder from as far away as a silo. The central system also features a much faster reloading cycle of about 50 lbs per minute, and can be configured with various combinations of the three sizes of hoppers. An operator controls the system with a touchscreen, and can enter charge weights either manually or automatically using Paladin’s barcode scanning technology for identifying molds automatically.
Easy to use with no mixing required, benefits are said to include more consistent foaming with easily reproducible results; more uniform wall thickness, and a wide range of foam densities and wall thicknesses; a smaller, more uniform cell structure than other rotomolding compounds; and the elimination of the soft spots sometimes found in large parts. Foamazol 14 is supplied as micropellets with a slight yellow colour; decomposition begins at 170°C (338°F), with maximum gas yields at around 180°C (256°F).
SOPHISTICATED SOFTWARE AND FOAMING AGENTS
MATERIAL CONSIDERATIONS
On the software side, Italy-based Polivinil Rotomachinery SpA recently developed new machine software that accounts for part weight and helps with mold positioning. Operators can move molds using a PC and a mouse, and the program will show any unbalanced point and propose a repositioning of the weight. The repositioning can be done without interrupting production. According to Rotomachinery, the development reduces mechanical stress and extends component life. Using a PC or mobile device, the operator can also check production and view the same pages as the touch panel that’s on the machine; multiple machines can be controlled by one person. Software features include a network analyzer for viewing and saving power, an extractable compact flash memory for loading programs, and the capability of remote servicing through a modem. The software can display all process parameters, including temperature and rotation speeds, and temperature curves for the cooking chamber in automatic/manual cycles; and can also recommended solutions for outof-parameter conditions. At the NPE2018 trade show in Orlando, Fla. in May, a new foaming agent was introduced for rotomolders: Bergen International LLC’s Foamazol 14, an exothermic chemical foaming agent compound designed specifically for foamed rotomolding applications.
As mentioned, PE dominates the rotomolding process, and for good reason: the material is versatile, easily ground into the necessary powder, inexpensive, has excellent impact strength, and is readily available. The development of other polymers has been hindered by the fact that rotomolding is a relatively lengthy process, and therefore aggressive on polymers; also, many of these non-PE materials are difficult to grind into the necessary powder — indeed, most need to be made into powder using cryogenic grinding, which is expensive. So it’s no surprise that when it comes to introducing new grades for rotomolding, material suppliers continue to focus on PE. A. Schulman Inc., for example, used NPE2018 to expand its PE-based range of specialty powders with Icorene 9106. Said to be fully compliant with the flame retardant standard UL94 V-0, the new product not only helps mitigate fire danger and reduces speed of flame spread, it also increases safety for the molder and the end user by being halogen-free. The material also offers a wide processing window and provides the same characteristics, properties, and UL94 V-0 FR performance as conventional halogenated grades. “The new grade provides molders with more options to meet safer and more sustainable requirements in a variety of markets,” said Les Druyf, Schulman’s product line manager, powders division. “Icorene 9106 is now September 2018 Canadian Plastics
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TekTuff colours from Teknor Apex are designed to provide superior impact performance compared to standard dry colours.
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www.sepro-group.ca • 514 515-9349 seprocanada@sepro-group.com • @SeproGroup
available in off-white, and other colours are being evaluated for certification.” And speaking of colours, new functionalized dry colours unveiled at NPE2018 by Teknor Apex Co. can enable rotomolders to increase impact strength, design parts with thinner walls, and increase colour levels for brighter or more opaque parts while avoiding the aforementioned added cost of a pulverized impact-modified compound. Called TekTuff, these dry colour blends provide impact performance said to be substantially greater than standard dry colours and equivalent to or greater than that of impact-modified compounds, whose manufacture requires the extra steps of extrusion and pulverization. “TekTuff dry colour blends resolve a long-standing dilemma faced by rotomolders,” said John Wood, technical manager for the colour division of Teknor Apex. “While dry color is the most cost-effective way of adding pigments, higher loadings can cause unacceptable impact performance, which is a key metric in the rotomolding industry. Until now, the only alternative has been to use pulverized pre-colored compounds. TekTuff colours offer the benefits of pre-coloured compounds without the substantially higher cost.” When compared with standard dry colours in the ARM cold impact tests, the new TekTuff colours exhibited 40 per cent greater impact resistance in red formulations and 33 per cent greater in black, Wood added. So don’t look now but the glacier just moved again. CPL RESOURCE LIST A. Schulman Inc. (Fairlawn, Ohio); www.aschulman.com; 330-666-3751 Bergen International LLC (East Rutherford, N.J.); www.bergeninternational.com; 866-554-4951 Paladin Sales (Buckeye, Az.); www.paladin-sales.com; 330-699-0410 Polivinil Rotomachinery SpA/STP Rotomachinery Inc. (Sherbrooke, Que.); www.rotomachinery.com; 888-308-4787 Teknor Apex Co. (Pawtucket, R.I.); www.teknorapex.com; 800-556-3864
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rotational molding
TECHSTAR PLASTICS is prospering in
PORT PERRY
As they hit a milestone, the owners of this well-known Ontario rotomolder look back on four decades of stress and success. By Mark Stephen, editor
All’s well with Dave Taylor (left) and Bill Barnes.
A
n old, widely used expression says that revenge is a dish best served cold. But for the founders of Port Perry, Ont.-based Techstar Plastics Inc., revenge turned out to be better served between the traditional rotational molding temperature processing ranges of 460° and 600°F. Techstar was founded 40 years ago when nine men in their twenties and thirties were fired from their jobs following a major disagreement with the owners of a rotomolding company in Toronto where they all worked. On April 14, 1978, they opened the competing rotomolding firm of Techstar in an industrial strip mall in Scarborough, Ont. — and four decades later, two of the original nine are still at the helm of what has grown to become one of the province’s biggest rotomolding outfits.
RISKY BUSINESS The nine men had held executive, engineering, and senior sales positions at
the unnamed company. “Together, we’d grown the annual sales from $300,000 to more than $2 million in four years, which is when management ordered us all to sign non-compete agreements — which we all resented because we had never even considered setting up a competing shop,” said Bill Barnes, Techstar’s president and one of the nine founders. “When we were fired, we all lost secure jobs and good salaries. We’d been selling plastic containers and had learned a lot about what customers want and how to design them, but there was still a big risk involved in starting a new company, and we all felt the stress. We worked six days a week in the early days — and those who were able to afford it worked without being paid, me included — and we all took our turns on the shop floor making plastic boxes and bins for various industries.” The business plan was straightforward. “From day one, our focus was on
rotomolding products like bins on wheels that we felt were not being looked after properly. We also looked at products made of wood or steel and asked ourselves if we could make them better through rotomolding,” Barnes said. “We did a lot of cold calling back then, which was long before the Internet. We found ways to get in the front door and asked customers what we could make for them; and also used direct mail of our product brochures to send to potential customers.” After a year and a half, the sweat equity was over: The firm was successful enough for Barnes and the others to finally start taking salaries. And in 1980, the company the nine men had been fired from went bankrupt. “We bought part of what was left of it,” Barnes said.
OUTGROWING TORONTO By 1988, Techstar operated five molding machines, had gross sales of about $3 million annually, and was growing by 25 per cent each year, but the firm was occupying two locations at the industrial mall in Scarborough, which was cumbersome and inefficient, and management believed the time was right to relocate into a single facility. “We chose a 22,000-square-foot plant in Port Perry that had previously been a September 2018 Canadian Plastics
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rotational molding
A Techstar Plastics product gallery: From left: A salt or sand storage bin, a laundry truck, an industrial step stand, a roll pallet, and a utility cart.
commercial bakery, so it was structurally well-suited for manufacturing,” Barnes said. “We’ve expanded it twice over the past 30 years, and now have 62,000 square feet.” At present, the company also has four single-station clamshell type rotomolding machines and one three-arm turret machine producing a wide range of proprietary products, including material handling products such as salt storage bins and bulk laundry trucks; commercial recycling containers; and products for the marine industry such as dock floats, five-step dock stairs, and four-step dock ladders. “We have a good mix of seasonal and non-seasonal products, and it keeps us operating 24 hours a day, five days a week,” Barnes said. Ontario is the company’s major market — representing about 75 per cent of sales — with the remainder of products being shipped to customers in the rest of Canada and North America. And business is booming. “Our sales grew by 15 per cent last year and will increase by another 15 per cent this year,” Barnes said. Which might seem strange, because the rotomolding industry in Canada — a small sector to begin with — seems to be getting smaller, for a number of reasons. “In the first place, the manufacturing base in Ontario is in trouble, period, due to rising industrial energy costs,” Barnes said. “Second, there have been a lot of company takeovers and consolidations by bigger rotomolding corporations. And third, injection molders and blow molders are always trying to pick off rotomolding
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accounts — we’ve had recycling products of ours copied and made by nonrotomolders, for example.”
SLOW AND STEADY A saving grace is that there are benefits to the rotomolding process that other plastic manufacturing methods can’t match, said Dave Taylor, Techstar’s vice president, manufacturing, and a co-founder along with Barnes. “The process fits any size from the tiniest part to massive septic tanks, which means there’s room for flexibility as compared to other systems,” Taylor said. “Rotomolding can also provide a lot of variety in the manufacturing phase: it can make complex designs and shapes, especially moving sections. It also offers consistent wall thickness, and the molds also tend to cost less than in other molding methods.” Another way in which rotomolding occupies its own separate place in the plastics processing universe is that development can be limited and progress slow — which, paradoxically, benefits not only Techstar but every other rotomolder. “There hasn’t been a fundamental change in rotomolding in decades, which means we don’t have the constant pressure to invest in new machinery that injection molding and extrusion shops do,” Barnes said. “There is machinery that has come out recently with better control and monitoring capabilities, and new resins and additives are available that offer better UV protection — and we invest in these — but the actual process remains
the same, and the cycle times remain the same.” Which can be a mixed blessing. “The cycle times in rotomolding are slow and the volumes are low — projects of between 50 to 30,000 parts are ideal,” Taylor said. “For anything beyond that, another molding process becomes preferable. The upside is, this tends to keep the high-volume processors from becoming too interested.” But it also means that when Techstar goes head-to-head with competing rotomolding shops, it has to win on something other than faster part production. “We all have the same chance to run at optimal cycle times, so the difference comes down to how you run your equipment and how you maintain it,” Taylor said. “Mold changes can take a long time in rotomolding, so you have to perform them better than the competition. You also have to be smart in scheduling preventative maintenance so that you don’t sacrifice time there, either. These are the areas where one rotomolding shop can beat another, and this is where we’ve really streamlined our operations.” And since there’s a heavy dependence on manual labour and operator skill in rotomolding, the quality of a company’s workforce definitely matters. “We invited all of our employees to move with us to Port Perry in 1988, and most of them did,” Barnes said. “Some of these original workers are still with us today, and many others have been with us for 20 years or more. We currently have 40 employwww.canplastics.com
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All product photos courtesy of Techstar Plastics Inc.
rotational molding
ees, and their hard work and expertise are big parts of our success.”
MANAGING IT As they look back on four decades of stress and then success, Barnes and Taylor are confident they know what they’ve done right. “From a manage-
ment point of view, the key to our success has been to give people jobs to do and then leave them alone to do them,” Barnes said. “I don’t tell Dave how to run the plant or how to solve problems on the shop floor, and he doesn’t second-guess the business decisions I make.”
And you can add a healthy dose of resilience to the mix. “Our product offerings have evolved as the times have changed,” Taylor said. “When there was a larger manufacturing base in Ontario we had certain product lines, such as tote boxes. Now we tend to focus on end-use products.” Last but definitely not least, Barnes and Taylor — the last men standing from the original nine axed workers — still enjoy what they do. “Rotomolding is still fun for us,” Taylor said. “We don’t make disposable single-use items, so we don’t have the same problems with product bans as the straw and bag manufacturers do, which is part of what keeps it pleasant. It’s been a great ride and we’re still excited to be doing this.” So forget about serving it cold or hot — the best revenge, as another saying goes, might just be living well. CPL
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USA 1.800.263.7782 CANADA 1.800.263.1942 September 2018 Canadian Plastics
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robots & automation
By Mark Stephen, editor
GUARDIANS OF THE FACTORY Y
This is a golden age for industrial automation: there’s more of it than ever before, and the robots are moving faster than ever before. But it also means more potential danger than ever before. Keeping up with new safety standards and incorporating the latest protective measures for the robot cell and the operator can prevent disaster.
ou don’t need to have seen Arnold Schwarzenegger running amok in The Terminator to appreciate the dangers of an out-of-control robot. And plastics processors in particular need to be aware of the risks. Robotic automation has been used by the industry for decades to load and unload molding machines, but the automation of plastics production is accelerating: According to one recent study, 74 robot units per 1,000 employees is the new average of global robot density in the plastics industry. In a nutshell, robots are now indispensable to modern plastics plants. But there’s a downside: The increased use of industrial robots — with trends toward faster speeds and bigger payloads — is also increasing the chances of unexpected, potentially tragic, interactions with human operators. Which means the onus is on the processors investing in the automated technology for production to also invest
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in the top technology for safety. It also means keeping up with any changes to industrial safety standards throughout Canada and all of North America.
GOOD GUIDANCE The good news is that, from a standards perspective, there’s plenty of guidance for plant and safety managers. For Canadian plastics processors with industrial automation, the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) Z434 standard that was adopted in 2013 is the regulatory Bible. The Z434 standard references ISO 10218-1 and -2, which address robots, robot systems, and integration. This Canadian standard was written alongside the Robotics Industries Association (RIA) in the U.S. to be compliant with international standards already in place in Europe, and is also compliant with the twin American guidelines of ISO 13849-1 and RIA R15.06. When broken down to the basics,
Photo Credit: Rite-Hite
Rite-Hite’s new Defender automated barrier door features a resilient curtain material that resists a wider array of applicationdriven hazards than competing devices.
Z434 provides a clearly defined set of rules to follow for industrial robot manufacture, remanufacture, and rebuild; robot system integration and/or installation; and safeguarding methods to protect workers. Some of the biggest changes in the 2013 iteration of Z434 had to do with safety-rated motion and allowing for advanced programmable safety devices to be utilized — in a nutshell, software can now take control of the “safety-rated” aspects of a robot’s function, such as limiting the area in which the robot operates and the speed of robot motion. This is a departure from older standards that did not allow programmable safety controls. Because every robot system is different, conducting a risk assessment at the outset is an important step in protecting employees — indeed, it’s now mandatory in Canada under Z434. The risk assessment process involves reviewing the operation of the equipment, identifying associated tasks and potential hazards, and using these inputs to complete a risk estimation. “The assessment should identify any task that will be performed throughout the life cycle of the system — including installation, day-to-day operation, and maintenance and repair — and take into account the entire operating environment, including nearby cells and traffic in the plant,” said David Mravyan, engineering manager with Minatech Inc. “Specific questions also have to be addressed, such as how operators will interact with the machine: Will they load or remove parts and troubleshoot the equipment? Also, how often maintenance will be required, and how malfunctions will be handled. Finally, the assessment also has to identify hazards, since each task can expose the worker to some kind of hazard.” And the responsibility for the assessment is clearly on the facility managers. “It’s the processor’s job to perform a proper risk assessment of their automation equipment,” Mravyan said. www.canplastics.com
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robots & automation
“They have to understand the codes and regulations applicable to their situation and ensure the proposed work cell satisfies these.” Designing an automated work cell that meets today’s tough regulatory standards might not be rocket science, but it probably comes close. You don’t have to do it alone, however: An automation integrator can work with the processor during the assessment phase to engineer the system, making sure it’s properly guarded with the proper controls in place.
AVOIDING CONTACT And while each robotic work cell has its own unique set of challenges, some general rules apply. The big question in any application is whether or not the system will come into contact with workers. The answer is, it depends on the needs of the application. “About 40 per cent of applications today and in the foreseeable future can be handled without any direct interaction between operators and robots — the robot operates inside a guarded zone, with insert feeding and part removal handled by peripheral equipment,” said Claude Bernard, product marketing director, Sepro Group. “A further 50 per cent of applications can be handled with limited human/robot interaction, where the robot operates inside a guarded space with operators having limited access for feed-in and feed-out through protected openings.” If interaction does have to occur, the area of the machine where work is performed — called the point-of-operation
— is where things get risky. “There needs to be a clear understanding of the zones where people may enter; zones where arms or hands may enter; and possible interference between the robot and other processing equipment or moving equipment, including carts and forklifts,” David Mravyan said. Which is why the modern industrial work cell uses a multilayer approach to safety in this area: designers must combine active measures such as safety mats, light curtains, and lasers with visual and audible warning indicators. The result is that an operator receives warning of a potentially unsafe situation; if he or she then ventures into harm’s way, several independent devices shut down operations before disaster can strike. One way to help keep the worker out of harm’s way is to streamline the robotic automation. The compact dimensions of Wittmann Battenfeld’s new Primus 10 robot for pick-and-place applications, for example, equip it for operation inside the safety enclosure of an injection molding machine. “This reduces the costs incurred for the safety enclosure, and also ensures compliant operation with safety standards,” the company said.
PLAYING IT SAFE
Photo Credit: Sick AG
An industry staple since the 1950s, safety mats are a traditional means of preventing operators or wheeled machines from entering the point-ofoperation. Typically, a safety mat uses an open switch that closes when a specified minimum weight presses on the mat; the switch closure then sends a signal to the mat controller, which sends a stop signal to the machine. Trim is used around the perimeter of the mat to hold it in place, protect wiring, and provide a ramped surface to prevent tripping hazards. Sick AG’s latest light curtain offering, the deTec4 Core, has no blind More recently, zones and an increased height of its protective field. safety light cur-
tains have become a widely accepted method of machine guarding. The curtain consists of a set of photoelectric transmitters that project an array of synchronized, parallel infrared light beams to a matching receiver unit. When an opaque object interrupts one or more beams in the sensing field, the receiver detects the event and the light curtain sends a stop signal to the guarded machine. “Safety light curtains are ideal for point-of-operation protection due to their slim profile that can easily be mounted close to the hazard and their small resolution between beams,” said Aaron Schulke, industrial safety systems manager with Sick AG. “The resolution can be set small enough to detect a hand or even one finger.” Sick’s latest light curtain offering, the deTec4 Core, has no blind zones, and an increased height of its protective field, Schulke said. “The available protective field heights range from 300 to 2,100 mm,” he added. When installing safety light curtains, a minimum safe distance that the light curtain can be mounted from the point of hazard must be calculated. “The distance between the hazard and the light curtain must be such that the time it takes the operator to reach the hazard is greater than the stopping time of the machine,” said John Ritter, product manager with Rite-Hite. If the processor lacks the appropriate space to mount two perpendicular devices, a laser scanner is an alternative. Laser scanners can provide 3D protection of an area, and can offer the designer increased flexibility to tailor the system response by specifying different warning and safety zones around the hazard. Sepro demonstrated a laser scanner on one of its S5 Pickers during the Plast-Ex trade show in Toronto last year. “If a person entered the warning zone, the scanner would alert the Sepro controller, resulting in a reduced speed operation,” Claude Bernard said. “If the person continued into the danger zone, the robot would stop.” While light curtains or laser scanners may be the right choice in some applications, shops with severely limited floor space might not have enough September 2018 Canadian Plastics
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room to satisfy the minimum safety distance from the plane of light to the closest hazard or danger point where the operator could reach into the hazard. Which is where automated barrier doors come in. “With barrier doors, the safeguard can be placed closer to the process, which saves space by reducing the manufacturing cell’s footprint,” John Ritter said. Also, Ritter continued, light curtains and laser scanners can’t protect against some of the secondary hazards of plastics production, such as smoke, deflashing, splash, mist, and flying debris. “Barrier doors protect people outside the hazardous area from objects flying from the machine,” Ritter said. “Barrier guards normally are not used for the entire perimeter because this would make it difficult to access the equipment. Typically, there’s an entry to the cell and a more flexible guarding solution will allow
Odor VOC / rs e Reduc
personnel or material to safely approach the equipment.” Rite-Hite’s new Defender automated barrier door features a more resilient curtain material that resists a wider array of application-driven hazards than competing devices, Ritter said. “It also offers optional variable frequency drive to control curtain speed, and has quickdisconnect cables that allow for easier installation and integration than comparable barrier doors,” he continued. In addition to guarding and safety devices, better controls on the robot can enable safer operation. “The robot and its controls should be designed to make safe operation very efficient at all times, so that the operator should never feel the need to override the robot safety features in order to save time,” Claude Bernard said. “This means simple programming, easy cycle time optimization, safe and quick production changeover, and smart troubleshooting.”
Staubli Corp.’s TX2 industrial robot line comes standard with the company’s CS9 control sensors, which immediately detect anyone approaching the work area and automatically lower the robot’s speed in accordance with safety requirements. “The main advantage is that the robots can continue to operate at a slower rate without triggering the emergency shutdown mechanism, thereby avoiding a complex restart procedure,” the company said. “If a worker and machine share the same workspace, safety modes like lower speeds can be made to activate under predefined conditions.” Since most robot accidents don’t occur under normal operating conditions, a key goal of any work cell is to discourage the operator from creating an abnormal condition by trying to override a safety feature to perform a task. The safest automated work cell has overlapping precautions — laser sen-
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sors and light curtains that supplement guarding — but even that’s not always enough to prevent operator interference. “If an operator thinks it’s necessary to enter the point-of-operation, they’ll always try to find a way in,” David Mravyan said. “A properly designed work cell will give the operator the tools to do his or her job safely without having to go around the guarding.” Operator training can play a role here too. “Safety training should be simple and easy to understand, and should occur frequently, using concrete, everyday examples of safe operation,” John Ritter said. “The goal is to make the operators understand the dangers of interfering with a working cell, which can result in serious injury and even death.”
SHOWING THEIR AGE As industrial safety standards are periodically revised to reflect advances
in robotic technology, older robots not equipped with the latest safety features can pose a problem. According to RIA guidelines, older technology should be in compliance with the standard at the time it was new, and remain in compliance until it’s modified in some way or is moved to a new work cell, which would require a new risk assessment. The owner of an ageing robot sometimes has to decide between decommissioning it or investing to have it brought into compliance. “We’ve been asked to modify older robotic systems by several customers,” David Mravyan said. “The challenge is that, as soon as we touch the system, we’re obligated to bring it up to standard, and this can open a huge can of worms.” Which is why some customers prefer to bite the bullet and outfit the cell with new automation. “Each situation is different, but a newly automated robot may help the customer to
realize productivity and efficiency savings not seen with the older technology,” John Ritter said. “It beats the alternative of having a worker injured and a compliance officer banging on your door.” The Terminator is just a movie, after all; in a modern industrial work cell in the real world, robots shouldn’t be dangerous. CPL RESOURCE LIST Minatech Inc. (Woodbridge, Ont.); www.minatech.ca; 905-264-0411 Rite-Hite/Arbon Equipment Corp. (Brampton, Ont.); www.ritehite.com; 905-495-1428 Sepro Canada (Montreal); www.sepro-group.ca; 514-515-9349 Sick Canada (Richmond Hill, Ont.); www.sick.com; 905-771-1444 Staubli Corp. (Duncan, S.C.); www.staubli.com; 864-486-5421 Wittmann Battenfeld Canada Inc. (Richmond Hill, Ont.); www.wittmann-group.ca; 905-887-5355
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automotive
The automotive industry is one of the world’s fastestchanging sectors, moving at a speed that makes Trump’s Twitter fingers look slow by comparison. And when it comes to new part applications, it’s all about getting the most from the latest resins. Here are just a few examples of what’s possible right now. By Mark Stephen, editor
MAGNA WINS BIG FOR LIGHTWEIGHT CLASS-A FENDER Canadian automotive parts supplier Magna International Inc.’s exteriors division won the “Materials Innovation” award at the latest Society of Plastics Engineers Automotive Composites Conference for its lightweight class-A fender, made possible by the new Fibremod Carbon material series from Borealis and Borouge. Having modified an existing tool capable of producing a viable thermoplastic alternative to a conventional metalstamped part, Magna Exteriors ultimately selected a Borealis Fibremod Carbon development grade containing 10 per cent carbon fibre reinforced engineered PP. This enables the manufacturer to achieve both the exterior part impact performance required for crash and pedestrian safety, and the highquality look of a class-A painted part. But because the part is made of reclaimed Fibremod Carbon Fibre, the body panel is between 30 to 40 per cent lighter than conventional aluminium panels, and enables zero gap performance with very low CLTE when compared to other engineering plastics. This makes the exterior application more recyclable, lighter weight, and therefore more sustainable.
SCRATCH- AND MAR-RESISTANT PVC COMPOUNDS FOR WINDOW ENCAPSULATIONS A newly developed series of flexible PVC injection molding compounds from Teknor Apex Co. are designed to exhibit substantially lower levels of surface gloss, providing a rubber-like finish that matches that of adjacent EPDM components while retaining the cost-performance advantages of PVC.
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Getty Images
The acceleration of innovation
Introduced in May, the newly enhanced Apex 1523 compounds, named the Apex 1523-LG series, exhibit gloss levels similar to those of EPDM rubber beltline seals or glass run channels, enabling manufacturers of PVC-encapsulated windows to meet OEM demand for a closer match in the surface finish of these critical appearance parts. “The lowest gloss levels of standard PVC compounds for window encapsulation are in the 9 to 12 range as defined by the Plastics Industry Association gloss finish standards, and they’re achieved through etching or sandblasting of the tooling surface,” said Steve McCormack, industry manager of Teknor Apex’s automotive group. “In contrast, Apex 1523-LG series compounds achieve a gloss level in the 3 to 4 range without the need for surface treatment of the tooling, which eliminates the costs associated with the tooling maintenance and repair required to keep a consistent surface appearance from part to part.” Apex 1523-LG series compounds have received several OEM material approvals, including the GMW-16084 specification for quarter windows from General Motors Co. and the MSDC543 specification for quarter windows and sunroofs from Chrysler.
DELIVERING A SOFT-FEEL AND SUPERIOR SCRATCH PERFORMANCE IN UNPAINTED, LOW-GLOSS AUTO INTERIOR COMPONENTS Sabic Innovative Plastics recently introduced a new and growing portfolio of PP compounds designed to deliver a soft-feel combined with good scratch performance in unpainted, low-gloss automotive interior components. And the industry has already come calling: India’s Tata Motors is the first automaker to use one of the Sabic PP compounds in an interior application. Tata Motors selected a www.canplastics.com
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automotive Sabic PP compound to mold parts with a soft feel and highend appearance in the steering column cover and speedometer cluster top for its 2017 Tiago hatchback. The company eliminated the need for expensive paint systems, saving about 30 per cent, while achieving the same level of performance and aesthetics. Possible applications for this material include interior trims, seat and console side cladding, gloveboxes, door panels, and other similar interior components; and the compounds allow these types of parts to be efficiently manufactured using only one high-volume injection molding step, Sabic said.
MAKING CAR ENGINE UNDERTRAYS EVEN TOUGHER People who live in areas with bad road surfaces deserve safe driving experiences too, which is why a major German car manufacturer is equipping the first vehicles of various model series that are delivered to countries with poor road infrastructure with an engine undertray made of a particularly robust new continuous fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite from Lanxess AG.
Called Tepex Dynalite, the composite is designed to be significantly more resistant to impacts and damage than previous material solutions, while also offering significant weight savings. “The undertray in the Tepex-DLFT composite design is manufactured by GSI Deutschland GmbH, based in Germany, and is over 60 per cent lighter than an equivalent component made of steel, and up to 20 per cent lighter when the new material is substituted for aluminum,” said Tepex application developer Harri Dittmar. The underbody protection was previously made of a PPbased composite design consisting of a glass mat reinforced thermoplastic system (GMT) and an additional fabric reinforced GMT; before that, sheet steel was used. “The new underbody protection is manufactured in molds as used, for example, for GMT and its related materials,” Dittmar said. “The difference is that a Tepex Dynalite 104-RG601 insert with a wall thickness of one mm is used. This comprises a glass fibre fabric, containing 47 per cent continuous glass fibre rovings by volume and a PP matrix. It’s heated up while the required volume of DLFT mass — containing glass fibres from five to 50 mm long — is extruded. Both materials are then shaped in a compression mold, which produces components that have a Tepex surface on the engine side, which is the side subjected to tensile load.” CPL
4 SIMPSON 4 SIMPSON ROAD ROAD 4 SIMPSON ROAD ON,BOLTON, L7E 1G9,ON, CANADA BOLTON,BOLTON, ON, L7E 1G9, CANADA L7E 1G9, CANADA For your rep.your or quotation, please call: please call: area rep.area or quotation, please For area rep.call: or quotation, Visit us: For your Visit us: Visit us: (905) 738-0101 (905) 738-5750 Tel:booth (905)Tel: 738-0101 Fax: 738-5750 Tel: (905)Fax: 738-0101 Fax: (905) 738-5750 booth #W6492 booth #W6492 #W6492 www.rotogran.com www.rotogran.com www.rotogran.com September 2018 Canadian Plastics CPL_June18_Rotogran.indd 1
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packaging
Ontario firm
POPS on a new THE LID concept in
PEELABLE IMLs Created by Mississauga, Ont.-based packaging design firm KBS Impact Inc., the lids can save container weight and costs by using a peelable in-mold label that acts as a tamper-evident seal.
All photos courtesy of KBS Impact Inc.
By Mark Stephen, editor
T
oday’s cutting-edge plastic bottles and containers have one thing in common with all those European supermodels you see starved to within an inch of their lives: just when you think they can’t possibly shed any more weight, they do. Case in point? A new concept created by Mississauga, Ont.-based packaging design firm KBS Impact Inc. can save container weight and costs by using a peelable in-mold label (IML) that acts as a tamper-evident seal to replace traditional threaded flip-top closures and induction heatsealed liners. KBS has actually developed two variations of the technology, one of which is patented and the other of which has a patent pending. Both concepts use functional in-mold labeling — or FIML. And according to KBS owner/partner Stephen Robert, both also have the potential for use in a wide range of plastic containers, including ketchup, mustard, salad dressing, vitamins, drink powders, liquid bath soap, non-dairy creamers, coffee, over-the-counter drugs, and per-
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Above: Stephen Robert (left) and Bill Traynor at work. Top left: Vitamin bottle with reduced neck height with UfLIPseal. Floating: Two closures with peelable IML labels as tamper-evident seals.
sonal care products in squeeze tubes. The patented variant is called U10Seal. “Our design involves having a preprinted IML label placed in an injection mold and then a ring of plastic being molded against the outer perimeter,” Robert said. “This ring is later ultrasonically welded to a flange on the container body. The valueadded feature is a plastic spoon that’s molded onto the centre www.canplastics.com
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packaging
of the IML film. When the film is peeled off to open the container, the spoon can be pulled off the film.” Target packaging applications for U10Seal include many singleserve consumer products, Robert continued. “Yogurt, pudding, dry cereal, dry noodles, or other spoonable foods in wide-mouth tub-style containers would all be good fits for this concept,” he said.
BIG BENEFITS FOR BRAND OWNERS The patent-pending variant of this technology is dubbed UfLIPseal. “UfLIPseal uses FIML in a way that enables the design of consumer-friendly and operationally efficient caps and closures,” Robert said. “A peelable IML is placed into the mold cavity; the UfLIPseal lid is molded in the open position, and the label adheres to the plastic lid. The lids are designed with an annular lip to fit on bottles or containers.” Finally, the cap is closed as part of molding automation. “This is the form in which the cap is packaged and shipped to the brand owner,” Robert said. Once the bottle or container has been filled, the entire UfLIPseal lid assembly is ultrasonically welded to the product on the filling line in a one-piece, one-step solution. “Then the consumer simply peels off the IML film using a free-standing tab,” Robert said. “There’s no need to take off the whole cap and replace it since the cap is permanently
joined to the container. It’s a big benefit for the consumer.” UfLIPseal also offers a number of manufacturing benefits for converters and brand owners, Robert said. “Eliminating threads in the overcap removes weight from both the cap and container neck, saving several grams of plastic,” he said. “It also simplifies injection tooling, reduces the cycle time, and opens up new design options since the cap and container neck don’t have to be round.” Additional weight is removed by eliminating the neck overwrap and the induction-sealed foil composite. “We can also reduce the overall closure height of the package by eliminating the threads on the bottle,” Robert said. “And the ultrasonic welding uses only about 20 per cent as much energy as traditional heat sealing.” Founded in 2009, KBS is led by Robert and partner Bill Traynor, both of whom are 20-year packaging industry veterans who gained in-depth thin-wall packaging experience with Toronto-based Polytainers Inc. At present, KBS is looking for development partners to help commercialize the U10Seal and UfLIPseal applications or license the technology. “The packaging industry has already incorporated many of the simple ways to lightweight plastic bottles,” Robert said. “From now on, removing weight will have to involve new approaches to bottling technologies and packaging designs. We believe that brands that utilize our concept can really take the lead.” CPL
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September 2018 Canadian Plastics
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recycling
REVITAL POLYMERS wants your
BLACK PLASTIC trays and containers The City of Toronto says that recycling black plastic isn’t worth the trouble. This Sarnia, Ont.-based recycler begs to differ. By Mark Stephen, editor
POTENT PARTNERSHIP Founded in 2016 and officially opened
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in 2017, ReVital is owned and operated by two recycling industry pioneers, Emmie Leung, CEO and Tony Moucachen, president. Leung is the founder and CEO of Burlington, Ont.-based Emterra Group, a national leader in waste resources management that annually processes and markets more than 500,000 tons of recyclables; and Moucachen is the founder and president of Delta, B.C.-based Merlin Plastics Group, a veteran of the North American plastic packaging recycling and remarketing industry. The two formed a partnership to acquire the assets of a former Sarnia plastics recycling facility that had gone into receivership, which included the 180,000-square-foot plant where ReVital is now located. Said to operate the first recycling plant in Canada that combines a container recovery facility and a plastics recovery facility under one roof, ReVital accepts post-consumer plastics gathered from municipal recycling programs in Ontario, across Canada, and the U.S., and uses a closed-loop process to recycle materials into raw materials for use in manufacturing again. “Our proprietary process incorporates state-
of-the-art technology that sorts and converts waste plastics into discrete resin types, tailored to specific customer end-use applications,” said Keith Bechard, ReVital’s chief commercial officer. “This customized approach improves post-consumer packaging recovery rates through better end-oflife management, and allows manufacturers and retailers to offer new products and packaging that incorporate recycled content in the consumer product, household goods, and automotive sectors. This is important because consumers increasingly want products that are both recyclable and include recycled content.”
FIGHTING THE FAKE NEWS ReVital has developed what Bechard calls an “innovative, proprietary system” to recover black plastics for the same high-end applications as nonblack plastics. “This is a real departure from common practice of downgrading black plastic containers into lower value applications or sending these materials to landfills,” he said. Which is why, when news stories began appearing about the unsuitabil-
All photos courtesy of ReVital Polymers Inc.
I
f you think fake news is confined to coverage of American politics, think again. It seems to be everywhere these days, and not even the plastics recycling industry is immune. Case in point? Recent media reports published throughout the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) gave readers the impression that black post-consumer plastic can’t be recycled. There’s a kernel of truth to the story in that optical sorting technology at the recycling facilities contracted by the City of Toronto can’t recognize black plastic, and as a result can’t sort it — which is why TO officials are urging anyone who uses any type of black plastic to put it in the trash bin, not the blue bin. The reports also gave the impression that, outside of the GTA, the market for black plastics is extremely small, so it’s costly to sort with little or no reward. But Sarnia, Ont.-based plastics recycler ReVital Polymers Inc. isn’t buying it. What it is buying is black post-consumer plastic. In fact, black plastic is contributing to the company’s business growth.
www.canplastics.com
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recycling
Scenes from ReVital Polymers:
Emmie Leung (right), CEO of ReVital Polymers, directing plant operations. Mixed plastics on their way to a new life.
A compounding line and gantry.
ity of black post-consumer material for recycling, Bechard and everyone else at ReVital began seeing red. “No one I know thinks it’s right to use a plastic product or package once and then send it to the landfill,” Bechard said. “In Ontario alone, about 1,400 tons of black plastics are generated annually. This would fill more than 70 transport trucks parked endto-end stretching for over one mile. That’s a significant amount of valuable material, and that’s why we invested in the development of technology to recover black plastics.” Bechard said recent Toronto media reports claiming that black plastic trays and containers are unrecyclable have caused great confusion for the public, not just in Ontario but across Canada. “The Toronto media reports were specific to that community’s recycling program and their recycling service provider,” he said. “The City and their service provider’s limitations are not reflective of the rest of the recycling industry in Ontario and Canada. Information suggesting there is no market for black post-consumer plastic is fake news.” The truth is that municipalities across the province of Ontario — including Ottawa, Kingston, Durham, and Windsor — and beyond have been shipping black plastics within their mixed plastics to ReVital since the firm first opened, reflecting strong ongoing demand for the black material. “We have a tremendous market for this material,” Bechard said. “Almost 60 per cent of what we make are black plastic resins. Municipal black plastics become valuable commodity resins tailored to specific customer end-use applications.”
JOINING THE CONSORTIUM
Black plastics ready for market.
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The misinformation about black plastic material aside, everything is going according to plan for ReVital, Bechard said. “We’ve been in operation for 18 months and our processing capacity has exceeded expectations,” he said. Emmie Leung and Tony Moucachen have also recently combined
the market presence of their three extended plastics processing and recycling companies — ReVital along with Merlin Plastics and Emterra — to launch the Circular Polymers Group (CPG), said to be North America’s largest plastics recycling consortium. These companies currently operate 38 multi-materials handling and recycling facilities in B.C., Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Ontario, as well as in the American states of Oregon, California, and Michigan. In 2017, CPG collected and recycled well over 140 million kgs of plastics from residential curbside recycling systems, beverage container deposit-return systems, and the industrial, commercial, and institutional sectors across Canada and the U.S. “While each of our companies will continue to do business individually, we work synergistically to offer our customers the combined knowledge of 75 years of recycling expertise; in that sense, CPG is a consortium company that really is greater than the sum of its parts,” Bechard said. “As one of the 38 plants in CPG, ReVital has a niche within that group to deliver programs and services which develop post-consumer plastic for end-use market applications. Abroad, our technologies to collect, sort, and recycle plastics could be implemented in developing countries, which might help to dramatically reduce the millions of tons of plastics discharged into the world’s oceans every year from developing nations.” Back home in Canada, meanwhile, ReVital is on track to fulfill its mission. “Our goal is to make recycled resins a part of every plastics processor’s product portfolio,” Bechard said. “We intend to work with the industry to help it become 100 per cent circular, so that all resins taken from a post-consumer application are put back into a similar application.” And there’s nothing fake about that CPL news. www.canplastics.com
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technology showcase
AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT Material loaders for medium-sized and large feed volumes
Wittmann Battenfeld has extended its FeedMax line of basic central material loaders with new models with 15 and 25 litre capacities, making it possible to connect material loaders from this series with larger drying hoppers or gravimetric blender systems with higher material throughputs of between 50 to 100 kg per hour. All parts of the FeedMax range which come into contact with the material to be processed are made of stainless steel, and the central part is connected to the pedestal by a clamping ring. The flow of granulate into the material loader can be optimized by simply twisting the top part of the appliance. The lids of these new larger models are also very easy to open, since there are no hoses in the way. Setting the materials handling period with a potentiometer is also very simple. In combination with a blower station, it’s possible to handle both long and short transport distances. The handling period can be adjusted very quickly to changed conditions. Several appliances can be connected with each other and operated jointly via a central operating unit, which then makes it possible to set up a small central material handling system. The status of every FeedMax is easily visible, even from a distance. The bright ambiLED status display signals any conditions that can present problems, such as lack of material. Wittmann Battenfeld Canada Inc. (Richmond Hill, Ont.); www.wittmann-group.ca; 905-887-5355
INJECTION MOLDING Six new assistance packages support machine operators Arburg Inc. has introduced its new 4.set-up system, a series of six new digital assistance packages that actively support machine operators in setting up and entering parameters, monitoring their processes, and adaptively regulating them. “4.set-up” actively supports machine operators in setting up and entering parameters; this gives them more time for productive tasks. “4.start-stop” simplifies production startup, reduces the number of start-up parts, and increases pro-
duction capacity; this package is well-suited for complex applications, for example involving multi-component and hot runner molds. “4.optimisation” is designed for process optimization to increase part quality and reduce unit costs; features include injection when closing the mold, cycleoverlapping dosing, and extended clamping. “4.production” offers experienced operators greater flexibility and freedom in programming functions; in particular, it facilitates work with special processes and complex mold technology. “4.monitoring” offers detailed process and quality monitoring and complete documentation; process deviations are detected at an early stage. And “4.service” makes it possible to quickly help customers with direct access to the machine control and via online support, thereby increasing machine availability; the new Arburg Remote Service ARS is an integral part of this package. Arburg Inc. (Newington, Conn.); www.arburg.com; 860-667-6500 DCube (Montreal); www.dcube.ca; 514-272-0500
EXTRUSION Blender with built-in extrusion control The new WXB weigh extrusion blender from Maguire Products Inc. is designed to provide extrusion control based on batch precision and metering accuracy that can be interfaced with a supervisory system that controls the total production line. The WXB incorporates a gain-in-weight (GIW) weigh bin and a loss-in-weight (LIW) mix chamber in one machine with a Maguire 4088 controller. While the GIW function precisely weighs batch ingredients as they’re dosed sequentially into the weigh bin, the LIW mix chamber makes possible accurate metering of the blend into the processing machine and facilitates control of extrusion and haul-off in accordance with process variables. The 4088 controller is designed for communication with other systems in an Industry 4.0 setting. It enables the WXB blender to interface with the Maguire + Syncro brand supervisory system, which provides control of all segments of the production line from a single touchscreen HMI control. The Maguire + Syncro control display allows users to easily visualize single-layer and co-extrusion processes. Modes of extrusion control available include lbs or kg per hour, weight per length of extrudate, and product thickness in microns. Initially the WXB blender is available in three models: the WXB 100 for throughputs of 100 to 220 lbs per hour (50 to 100 kg per hour); the WXB 200 for 220 to 440 lbs per hour (100 to 200 kg per hour); and the WXB 400 for 440 to 880 lbs per hour (200 to 400 kg per hour). Maguire Products Canada Inc. (Vaughan, Ont.); www.maguirecanada.com; 905-879-1100 September 2018 Canadian Plastics
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technology showcase
System for continuous extruder monitoring New from DavisStandard LLC, the DS Activ-Check system for continuous extruder monitoring, available as an option with the company’s Integrator, Epic III, and DS-eVue control systems, enables processors to take advantage of real-time predictive maintenance by providing early notifications of potential extruder failures. Machine operators are alerted to issues before they happen, reducing unplanned downtime while also collecting valuable data. Users receive notifications via e-mail or text, and continuous monitoring of production machine status is available on smart devices and remote PCs. Key parameters monitored include extruder reducer, lubrication system, motor characteristics, the drive power unit, and barrel heating and cooling. Vibration sensors on the extruder reducer provide data regarding the condition of the gears, bearings, and lubrication system. The system is easy to operate thanks to overview screens that provide a quick reference of monitor points and trend windows, providing a graphic indication of measurements. Users can touch a location to view details; use on-screen setup for e-mail or text notifications; and monitor key health indicator parameters in the drive power unit, providing an early indicator of potential power unit issues. Davis-Standard LLC (Pawcatuck, Conn.); www.davis-standard.com; 860-599-1010 Auxiplast Inc. (Ste-Julie, Que.); www.auxiplast.com; 866-922-2894
BLOW MOLDING Leak tester with ehanced functionality A new leak tester with enhanced functionality from W. Amsler Equipment Inc. inspects bottle sizes from 10 ml to 20 litres at a rate up to 18,000 bottles per hour, providing high-speed detection of holes as small as 0.006 inches. Available with either one or two cameras and a lighting system installed over the top of the conveyor, the tester can check for obstructions in the bottle neck and variations in wall thickness, and operates on either a continuous motion or
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indexing conveyor. Key optional features include colour deviation, batch counting, and fallen bottle detection. The leak tester’s colour touchscreen operator interface features a graphical display of test results, an easy-to-use icon-based menu system, recipe storage, password protection, and an automated self-test feature. The unit is also equipped with locking castor wheels, dual guide rails, and powder-coated frame. The standard conveyor is 6.5 feet long and extended lengths and widths are available; custom solutions can be designed to suit specific application and plant layout needs. W. Amsler Equipment Inc. (Bolton, Ont.); www.amslerequipment.com; 877-738-2569
BLOWN FILM Bi-axially oriented line for bone-in applications Macro Engineering & Technology Inc. has enhanced its Quadex biaxially oriented multiple-bubble lines for the production of films with nylon and EVOH, particularly for bone-in-meat high-barrier shrink bags. The new line is designed to offer the latest bi-ax process technology, computer-based automation, and overall control. Line features include different configurations, including seven, nine, or 11 layers; the ability to run up to three layers of nylon layers, with the main barrier layer being EVOH; film width from 200 to 500 mm; film thickness from 40 to 90 microns; and a production output from 50 to 150 kg per hour. Additionally, the line is equipped with Macro’s newest Quadex technology to better tailor the film properties. Macro Engineering & Technology Inc. (Mississauga, Ont.); www.macroeng.com; 905-507-9000
PACKAGING Faster, safer bag-making machine New from Converting Systems Inc., the 1801V vertical head servo shuttle style bag machine — the sixth and fastest addition to the company’s bag machine series — features faster line speeds, enhanced safety features, easier maintenance, and www.canplastics.com
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technology showcase
HMI touchscreen access for setup, operation, and troubleshooting resources. Developed with the operator and maintenance mechanic in mind, the 1801V incorporates new, single-operator features to reduce maintenance time and increase productivity, including tool-free Teflon curtain and platen insert adjustments; pivoting head via hand crank for convenient blade replacement and service; improved, smoother shuttle technology for more consistent film glide; lightweight, short stroking head allowing for faster cycle times; and part compatibility with some older Converting Systems and competitors’ machines. The 1801V HMI touchscreen provides immediate access to information required for setup, troubleshooting, and maintenance; as a result of the partnership with Lenze Americas, the new 1801V utilizes Lenze’s p500 controller and HMI, as well as their MCS servo motors. The upgraded touchscreen functionality allows easier operation, greater start-up acceleration, and higher bag length accuracy. Plus, all machine functions are controlled through the touchscreen, eliminating the need for operators to go inside any enclosure. Additionally, front and rear pull cords and an optional photo eye light curtain are designed to prevent injuries by keeping operators safely out of all areas that have moving parts. Converting Systems Inc. (Schaumburg, Ill.); www.convertingsystems.com; 847-519-0232
MATERIALS Masterbatches for electronics handling markets Modern Dispersions Inc. has introduced two new conductive masterbatches targeted for the electronics handling markets, including applications such as large dunnage, totes, and pallets for the automotive and telecommunications industries. Modern Dispersions’ PP-235 conductive PP masterbatch is designed for injection molded PP parts where electrostatic dissipative (ESD) properties are required. PP-235 is incorporated at 50 to 60 per cent loading levels with natural or mixed colour PP resins for applications such as tote bins and electronics handling and storage parts. And the company’s new CF-238 material is a universal conductive masterbatch designed for both extrusion and injection molding. ESD properties for injection and extrusion can be achieved with a 40 to 50 per cent dosage with a natural or recycled feedstream. Since it is a universal carrier-based masterbatch, CF-238 is compatible with a variety of polymer systems, including olefins, PVC, and PLA. Modern Dispersions Inc. (Leominster, Mass.); www.moderndispersions.com; 978-534-3370
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2018-03-22 3:30 PM advertising index
Advertiser
Page
Website
Advertiser
Page
Website
Auxiplast Inc.
29
www.auxiplast.com
Plastic Process Equipment Inc.
IBC
www.ppe.com
CanPlastics TV
5
Rotogran International Inc.
21
www.rotogran.com
Chillers, Inc.
19
www.chillersinc.com
Sepro Canada
12
www.sepro-group.ca
Integrated Packaging Films
29
www.ipfinc.net
Shuman Plastics Dyna-Purge
9
www.dynapurge.com
Lorenz Conveying Products
15
www.lorenzproducts.com
Staubli Corp.
9
www.staubli.com
Maguire Products
OBC
www.maguirecanada.com
Struktol Canada Ltd.
18
www.struktol.com
Novatec Inc.
IFC
www.novatec.com
Wiema America Inc.
25
www.weimaamerica.com
PCS Company
30
www.pcs-company.com
Wittmann Canada
23
www.wittmann-group.ca
Piovan Canada
7
www.piovan.com September 2018 Canadian Plastics
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technical tips
Rotational molding design guidelines (part 1) By Greg Stout, Blue-Reed LLC
R
otational molding design is a specialized field, with a unique set of rules and guidelines to ensure that a product can be successfully rotomolded and achieve all the required specifications. Designing and creating a good part not only takes experience with the rotomolding process, but also good familiarity with materials and material flow, tooling, and a strong plastics engineering background. Here are some guidelines to help you overcome potential trouble spots.
PARTING LINES When designing your product, keep in mind how the mold will open and close. The simplest, least expensive mold has two pieces. If your product will require multiple-piece molds, you’re increasing the chance of wear and flashing due to the operator handling and additional parting lines required. The toy industry has mastered the concept of twopiece mold/product design, resulting in low-cost tools used
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in high production. Two types of parting lines are predominantly used in cast molds: tongue and groove, and flat with dowel pin register. Tongue and groove maintains better registration over the life of the mold, whereas flat and dowel may require maintenance as the dowels loosen. A rule of thumb for dowel spacing on the parting line is every six or seven inches. One of the biggest maintenance problems that molders experience is part line deterioration and flashing. To reduce this problem, avoid parting lines on sharp corners or along knife edges, always add a radius, and avoid vertical parting lines. Multiple-piece molds should be designed whenever possible to use a slide system or a hinge system to guide the opening and closing of the molds — this results in less damage to the part line.
SHRINKAGE Different resins have different shrinkages, and cast aluminum molds also shrink. The molding process can also vary these shrinkages. Restricted areas will also vary the shrinkage to some degree. The type of mold release or permanent coating will have varying shrinkage. If you’re trying to create a round, it’s recommended that you part around the circumference and not across the round, since the parting line will restrict the material shrinkage and force the part into an oblong.
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Since rotomolded products are hollow, it can be difficult to ensure flatness. To counteract any anticipated warpage, you can add a crown to the model or reinforcing ribs to the product. Process control is imperative. Reinforcing or stiffening ribs must be designed as a hollow element similar to corrugated sheet. Good proportions for a rib are a height of four times the wall thickness, and a width of at least five times the wall thickness. The greater the height of the rib, the greater the stiffness. Compared to a rounded rib, a rectangular rib will provide better stiffening. The side walls of the ribs should have draft or be tapered to avoid the part hanging up on the rib. Kiss-off, or two closely spaced walls that mold together, also provides additional strength. The kiss-off area should be twice the wall thickness plus 0.030 inches as a starting point, although this can vary. In my next column I’ll tackle some remaining trouble areas. CPL Greg Stout is the president of Blue-Reed LLC, a rotomolding design consultancy located in Stow, Ohio. For more information, visit www.plasticproductdesign.com, or call 330-322-8707.
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