BL – February 2003 by annexbusinessmedia

February 2003 Volume 15 Number 2

Inside This Edition Publisher’s Commentary There’s a real gun problem in Canada

Unmasking urban graffiti

Combatting street gangs

WINNING STRATEGIES FOR LIFE Embrace change

Organized crime growing

Criminals turning to technology

DEEP BLUE Personality disorders can be frustrating

INCREDIBLE

Clear arguments strengthen search warrants

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THE BACK OF THE BOOK 78 The ugly factor — can you spot a “TEN”? 3

Getting to the bottom of the urban graffiti problem means first learning what motivates the artists who create it. Toronto Police S/Sgt Heinz Kuck, who leads the service’s awardwinning Graffiti Eradication Program, tells us one of the best ways to fight graffiti is to educate front-line officers and give them the power to do something about it. Street gangs are becoming a problem in Canada’s major cities. To effectively combat them, police officers need a working knowledge of gang history, tradition and the factors that make them attractive to youth. Peter Morris of the Ontario Gang Investigators Association (ONGIA), who’s doing a seminar on street gangs at the Blue Line Trade Show, helps us understand the gang phenomen. Most readers won’t be surprised to hear that organized crime is flourishing in this country. Blue Line begins a series this month on the Criminal Intelligence Service Canada’s (CISC) 2002 findings, which are based on intelligence from Canadian and international law enforcement agencies. Military Police don’t just keep the peace on military bases. As Captain Mark Giles tells us, Canadian Forces police work closely with civilian law enforcement agencies to keep contraband, drugs and weapons out of Canada’s ports, combat cyber crime and investigate suspects with military links. Other stories and features this issue: former Halifax Regional Police media relations manager Judy Pal has the first in a series of columns dealing with the media (Pal will also be presenting a seminar at the Blue Line Trade Show); Dr. Dorothy has some advice for dealing with people suffering from personality disorders; Blue Line Publisher Morley Lymburner looks at Canada’s real gun problem; Rob Munro explains the importance of making clear arguments when applying for search warrants; Audrey Pihulyk has the final instalment in her ‘Winning Strategies for Life’ series; Kathryn Lymburner looks at how to distinguish between criminals and terrorists and Vitality columnist Peter Shipley gives us some hard facts about the dangers of smoking. And if that isn’t enough we have also thrown in a 23-page Supply & Services Guide.

February 2003

There’s a real gun problem in Canada by Morley Lymburner We have a real problem in Canada and it is a gun problem. I am not talking about the gun registration thing or the issue of permitting more liberalized gun regulations. I have a problem with the paranoia of various agencies when it comes to arming peace officers. If the argument goes that we have a safer country because of our strict gun controls then common sense will tell you that there should be no hesitation at all in permitting peace officers of all stripes the opportunity to carry firearms if they feel it’s necessary. The concept of Parks Canada wardens carrying sidearms was reported in detail in last month’s issue. The result of Steve Hess’s investigation parallels those of Blue Line Magazine since 1997. All these reports and investigations consistently reveal various branches of government turning a blind eye to very real hazards to the public and their own staff. The park warden issue is only the tip of the iceberg. Transit police officers routinely approach dangerous people who have nothing to lose. In Toronto, the subway system has long been known as the armed robber’s get-away vehicle of choice. A newer phenomenon is gang violence — routine shoot outs with no concern for innocent bystanders; and the weapons be-

ing used are high calibre and high capacity. There are no more ‘Saturday Night Specials’ on these mean streets. The punks wielding them have the bucks to buy the best. There are similar concerns for transport inspectors who know only too well the problems they face now and in the future with a rapid increase in tractor trailers hijacked for their highend contents. You don’t see trucks advertising lap top computers on their sides anymore. Court sheriffs are routinely asked to confront some of Canada’s most dangerous people on a daily basis, including those who would go to great lengths to stay away from court. Many municipal enforcement officers across the country are called upon to go places that would make even the most seasoned police officer think twice about calling in tactical back-up. This is complicated by the fact MLEOs don’t even know the criminal backgrounds of the people they meet. Judges and justices of the peace have concerns about the lack of security in their courts. One JP told me he had to take a person into custody by himself for contempt, through an empty police office. When he called to have a scout car attend, he found there were robbery warrants outstanding. Canada Customs officers daily experience the

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February 2003

absurd irony of staring across the border at colleagues who carry firearms to protect themselves from Canadian visitors, while they must face Americans coming into Canada while unarmed. There should be one basic rule when it comes to arming peace officers in Canada — if they want it, they get it. By default, no peace officer should have to justify why they need to carry a firearm. The onus should be completely on the government to present a convincing argument why they should not. Even then, it should be brought to a vote by the concerned officers and if the majority say yes, then guns they should get. If government agencies have concerns about their officer’s ability to carry a firearm, then they have a problem that they must solve. Train them to standard or hide them under paperwork somewhere. In a country that values the lack of firearms in the hands of citizens, there should at least be the expectation that any officer with authority to protect these citizens be given all the tools necessary to handle any situation. No peace officer should have doubts about their training or equipment; if doubts exist, they can’t do their job as intended. It’s simple reality folks — let’s get with the program.

by Heinz Kuck Only the rattle of the aerosol spray can breaks the stillness of the night. The colored mist flows evenly and delicately along the brownstone surface, making the air pungent as the letters become more vibrant. The writer finishes, smiles as he views his work and quickly slips unseen into the night. A graffiti vandal army estimated at more than 900,000 does this millions of times each year throughout North America. The National Graffiti Information Network pegged eradication costs at more than $15 billion annually in 1994 and researchers repeatedly such vandalism with increased community fear and crime, which quickly leads to neighbourhood decline. Patrol any urban centre and you’re struck by a number of things — the demarcation of both private and public spaces, the hustle and bustle of the street — but above all, the kaleidoscope of urban graffiti. Graffiti comes from the Greek word ‘Graphein,’ meaning ‘to write,’ and is the plural of the Italian word ‘Graffito,’ meaning ‘scratch.’ It can be manifested in any number of ways, using everything from spray paint, markers and pencils to etches, scratches and slap tags, and is specific to the unlawful defacing of both private and public property. One of the ways to effectively deal with graffiti vandalism is to raise its criminality profile and efficiently empower front line officers February 2003

through specific training and education. The Toronto Police Service has been doing just that since October 2000 through its Graffiti Eradication Program, a service-wide initiative. It’s made up of five inextricably linked components: • Eradication - physically removing graffiti • Enforcement - arrests and prosecution • Empowerment - embracing and energizing all stakeholders • Economic Development - youth mural programs, city sponsored revitalization • Education - anti-vandalism programs in schools and community centres and training front line rank and file One of the most important officer training issues revolves around vandal profiling — who does what and why? Means, motive and opportunity We often assume that vandals, namely youth, follow some predetermined path of mayhem and disorder because of ethnicity, class struggle or socio-economic disadvantage. While some of these do have an overall influence, the more accurate picture is made up of three parts: • Search for identity • Prove masculinity • Addiction to adrenaline Graffiti vandalism is linked to urban youth’s search for identity. They have an irresistible, 6

innate pull toward finding ‘self’ and creating an identity within the graffiti subculture. That’s something they often can’t find through clubs, sports teams, academic achievement and other conventional means. An identity established through creating and proliferating a ‘tag’ — a single colour initial, signature or symbol — can bring fame within the subculture. Research gleaned from ethnographic studies place fame, recognition and respect as the ‘currency’ paid to the most prolific ‘tagger.’ The more tags placed over the greatest area achieves the desired sub-cultural mythology and as such - identity. In her work The Graffiti Subculture, Nancy Macdonald supports this position, noting that “gaining respect, fame and a strong self-concept is openly expressed as a writer’s primary objective and the subculture is fully set to support this goal.” An adolescent’s search for masculinity creates our next challenge. To achieve ‘manhood’, one must construct and establish a sense of gender and masculinity. Without the power or support network to reach these ‘senses’ through conventional, lawful means, crime then compensates as a valid substitute. Furthermore there’s what we term as ‘collateral crime.’ Prior to actually defacing property, graffiti vandals engage in a ritual of chance and bravado. More often than not, they steal

the spray paint or markers. This is endearingly referred to as ‘racking’ — groups of young males enter a store and, while some attract the store clerk’s attention, others steal the goods. After the theft, vandals often rally in a clandestine location, consume drugs or alcohol and discuss their strategy and target. The group then moves off to the location and engages in their act, but it doesn’t end there. They further prove their ‘worth’ by taking risks and demonstrating the endurance and dexterity needed to climb a water tower, scale a barbwire fence, side step a third rail or outrun the police. Constantly on the lookout, they complete their task and revel in their attempt at fame. Macdonald goes on to further describe this masculinity feature: “This subculture must be acknowledged for what it is — not a site for ‘youth’ but a site for ‘male’ youth — an illegal confine where danger, opposition and the exclusion of women is used to nourish, amplify and salvage notions of masculinity.” Ethnographic studies again come into play when looking at the third feature of vandal profiling. With ethnography, a field researcher can live, breathe, eat and sleep with the cultural group they wish to study so they can witness true sub-cultural passions. Graffiti writers are motivated by fame, recognition and respect, according to researchers, but there’s another aspect — adrenaline addiction. That ‘rush’ is one of the most potent motivators, says Jeff Ferrell in his seminal work on Denver graffiti vandals. Graffiti writers have told me time and time again that they do graffiti for the rush one gets when piecing or tagging illegally, a rush more exciting and pleasurable than any drug they know. And they emphasize that this feeling comes from not just being out at an illegal location but from the act of painting itself, from the intersection of creativity and illegality as the paint hits the wall. Obtained lawfully and through conventional means, identity, masculinity, and physiology create a powerful matrix for our youth to February 2003

grow and prosper. We openly discuss our cultural icons and celebrities and discuss personalities in sports, politics and entertainment. The graffiti subculture dangerously follows a similar path, discussing, celebrating and idolizing, into mythic proportions, the most skilled ‘piecer,’ prolific ‘tagger,’ most travelled ‘writer’ and most daring ‘bomber.’ Fame, recognition and respect are all potent attractions to marginalized youth. Understanding this enables front line officers to create a sense of order out of chaos when in-

vestigating graffiti vandalism incidences. This order also makes our task easier while developing future solutions to make graffiti vandalism a less desirable means of expression for youth. S/Sgt Heinz Kuck has been with the Toronto Police Service since 1979 and is currently lead coordinator for its award winning Graffiti Eradication Program. He can be reached at (416) 808-5354.

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February 2003

Calgary RCMP Supt. Dennis Massey was killed in a car accident in December after a tanker truck’s trailer toppled onto his car. The truck’s trailer, carrying a large propane tank, was eastbound when it broke away and flipped over the median, crushing Massey’s four-door Ford heading in the opposite direction. Massey, 53, died of his injuries shortly after the accident. He was born in Stonewall, Manitoba and joined the RCMP in 1969 and served in various postings in BC and Alberta. Massey was also in charge of tactical operations for the G8 summit in June 2002. Ontario Provincial Police officer Cst. Brendan Mullen can’t remember much about the day he ended upside down in a ditch and unconscious in his cruiser, but he knows Norman Predhomme and Dennis Sylvestre are two people he’ll always be thankful to for saving his life. Both citizens were awarded for their bravery by the OPP in December for saving the officers life in the June 2001 accident. Jody Kuntz, a deputy sheriff with the BC sheriff’s department, was one of 28 other Canadians who received a Governor General’s Medal of Bravery at a ceremony in Ottawa during December. Kuntz received the award for attempting to save the life of a prisoner who died after jumping out of a prisoner transport plane. Prime Minister Jean Chretien announced in December that Heather J. Smith will be appointed Chief Justice of Ontario, while J. Douglas Cunningham will be made associate Chief Justice. Smith becomes the first woman to be appointed Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Justice in Ontario. Rene “Will” Pearson, former vice-president of Quebec’s Hell Angels, was found guilty of gangsterism in December. The jury found Pearson guilty after three days of deliberations following a three-week trial presided by Quebec Superior Court Justice Jacques J. Levesque. Daniel Hudon, the presumed head of the Quebec City chapter of the Hells Angels, pleaded guilty in December to a gangsterism charge. Hudon becomes the first Canadian to plead guilty to gangsterism since a new federal anti-gang law. New Brunswick Chief Justice Joseph Z. Daigle is retiring. Daigle will step down on March 1 after serving on the Court of Queen’s Bench of New Brunswick for 16 years prior to being appointed Chief Justice of New Brunswick in 1998. However, Daigle has chosen to continue as a supernumerary judge of the Court of Appeal. Barrie OPP Cst. Mike Addair is credited with saving Christmas for an Oshawa family. After responding to a single-vehicle crash, he discovered the vehicle has been stolen from Toronto. Addair recovered tools and Christmas toys that had been taken from a family in Oshawa. The stolen items were returned and an 18-year-old faces numerous charges. For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

February 2003

Combatting street gangs

Street gang mentality is a community plague that needs understanding

by Peter Morris The phenomenon of street gangs is often misunderstood or dismissed by lawenforcement officers working outside of Los Angeles. Street gangs in Canada have traditionally been given little more than a passing glance, which allowed them to gain footholds in some major cities. Compounding this problem is the proliferation of gang lifestyle on TV and the movies, which leads kids to emulate what they see. Herein lies the difficulty — how do you tell these kids from the real gangsters? It’s important to accurately profile a subject based on a set of proven and reliable criteria, using your knowledge and experience as a gang investigator. Learn everything about the gangs in your area by debriefing members and be aware of the current trends in mass media that are impacted by ‘gangster-ism;’ there are few areas that aren’t affected. Next, learning the make-up of various street gangs, specifically those in our neighbourhoods, is vital. Understanding turf conflicts, crimes of choice and initiation rites can help combat the problems your community is facing. A working knowledge of gang history and tradition and appreciating the socio-economic factors that make gangs attractive to area atrisk youths is also helpful. In short, we need to understand the big picture, including the history and beginnings of this plague, in order to begin to fight the problem. I suppose you can blame Al Capone, the various ethnic mobs or the ever-present allure of easy money associated with them for the gang problem. Gangs are formed out of fear and to establish criminal turf. Lets focus on the two best known street gangs factions in North America, the Bloods and the Crips, which began in South Central LA in the late 1960s to early ’70s, according to most indications. The Bloods and Crips were formed by, according to some experts, two rivals from different high schools. The blue worn by the Crips and red worn by the Bloods were apparently

February 2003

based on school colours. The two gangs grew quickly through the 1970s and ’80s. Smaller gangs began claiming to be either one or the other in order to protect themselves and adopted the colours, names and operating principals, while remaining somewhat autonomous from one another. A gang on Grape Street might choose Crips and amend their name to the Grape Street Crips. This occurred in LA County and throughout California. What developed is best described as two rival leagues; the term Blood or Crip came to identify little more than a members’ allegiance. As the numbers of ‘sets’ or gangs under each banner continued to grow, members had to find other ways than coloured bandannas to identify each other and so developed hand-signs and manners of dress. Blood gangs traditionally dress or sign to the left and Crips to the right. In simple terms this means that a Blood might wear his red hat cocked to the left or his left pant leg rolled up. Members carry their colours in their left hand or pocket and throw hand signs with their left hand; doing anything to the right would

be only to disrespect their rivals. Crips do exactly the opposite. It’s important to understand that Bloods and Crips are not actual gang names and members are not always friendly with other sets under the same banner. It’s widely thought that more Crips are killed by other Crips than Bloods, largely because of the competition in the criminal underworld and the overwhelming number of Crip sets in LA. These early gangs set the framework for street gangs across the continent, including Canada. It’s no surprise that our gangs have adopted the Blood and Crip banners. The symbols and colours are well known; even if all of the background isn’t understood, the most novice reader has no doubt heard of them. As well, these two alliances, and the gangster lifestyle, have been so glorified through mass media that most people are afraid of anyone who says they’re a gang member. Traditional theories about street gangs in Canada would have us believe that they are little more than unorganized groups of kids with no sense of purpose. This may be accurate for a small percentage of Canadian street gangs, but definitely not the majority. Gangs are traditionally formed along ethnic and geographic boundaries; for example, Bloods and Crips in LA are generally composed of black males from impoverished communities. Hispanic street gangs are a completely different case study, although they may appear similar because they carry the same colours. It would be unwise to apply the same history and understanding to them — there’s enough differences to justify a separate article. What’s important to understand is that Hispanic street gangs will often take blue and red colours like the Bloods and Crips, but for completely different reasons. I’m not aware of any significant connection between Bloods and His-

panic gangs from northern California (Nortenos) that take red or between Crips and southern California Hispanic gangs that wear blue. The Canadian versions of Bloods and Crips are naturally much more multicultural than their American cousins, although they still try to stick to ethnic lines. What doesn’t change is that your ‘hood,’ where you live and hang, is more important than skin colour. If your neighbourhood is Crip then you will be a Crip too. American Blood and Crip sets often have a hierarchy and even a set of gang rules or bylaws. They will often keep a roll call and this will usually be added to their graffiti. Canadian street gangs are now starting to develop into similar hierarchies, but will most often have a loose leadership, more like a board of directors. There will almost always be one member that has more influence and is more revered by the others, but proving they are the definitive leader is quite difficult. In fact, this leadership group may not exert any control over the gangs except where a group action is required. In many instances those involved in criminal activity will do so at their own risk, with no real benefit to the gang itself, which simply offers protection, back up, a location to operate and often access to weapons. Not to be discounted is the fact that many gangs will force prospects to commit various crimes in order to become a full fledged member. The crimes of choice for Canadian street gangs vary little from their American idols. Narcotics sales have always been a lucrative way of making money and young drug dealers will often turn to gangs for protection. If they don’t, the gang may turn on them and force

them into work. Robberies and break and enters are also popular among gangsters, as are ‘crimes for kicks,’ things like car theft, mischief, graffiti and assaults. We need to remember that some of these kids are looking for acceptance and getting it by doing what they think gangs want them to do. A new member may assault another kid on gang turf simply to make a name for him/herself. Watch for patterns in police report descriptions — colours of clothing and bandanas, for example. I found it important as an investigator not to overlook gang connections as the motive for a crime, especially if it occurs on or near what you know to be gang turf. Many crimes that appear to be motiveless may be due to a slew of gang related factors.

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February 2003

Pinpointing ‘gang turf’ to specific streets is often difficult unless a member divulges the boundaries. Clues are most often written in graffiti, which is typically easy to read and contain the gang’s name and quite often a ‘diss’ to rivals or a roll call. Graffiti may also contain certain symbols that the gang has adopted, such as pitchforks and pyramids. In most cases, if a symbol appears to be upside down, it is to disrespect rivals. Understanding and cataloguing these symbols, and knowing which belong to whom, can help you get a clearer picture of the gang problems in your area. Graffiti may be the first indicator of a gang’s turf, but there are other ways to approximate the boundaries. Surveillance is obviously the best method to discover where members from different gangs will and won’t go. If you notice them doing strange things when walking through areas outside their turf, hiding colours or appearing very nervous, this is an indication they’re on rival turf. Areas that have a higher incidence of gang violence are likely to be disputed or overlapping turf. Now that you understand the history, make up and geography of your gangs, the next step is to identify members. Peter Morris is a Toronto Police Service constable, ETF Special Weapons Team member and Ontario Gang Investigators Association (ONGIA) security and logistics officer. ONGIA is offering a seminar on street gangs at the Blue Line Trade Show on April 29-30, 2003. Go to www.blueline.ca and click on trade show and seminars to register.

Embrace change

Understanding and overcoming resistance by Audrey Pihulyk “Action and reaction, ebb and flow, trial and error, change — this is the rhythm of living. Out of our overconfidence, fear; out of our fear, clearer vision, fresh hope; and out of hope progress.” — Bruce Barton Barton’s profound statement captures the very essence of change. Organizations implementing change may find it makes some individuals uncomfortable and they may resist. If not understood and carefully dealt with, their resistance may cause tension and conflict, undermining any positive outcome. Our purposes and production in life revolve around three major needs: to belong, be respected and viewed as competent. These motivators affect our decision to accept or resist change; we make up our minds by examining facts, looking at our belief system and deciding how we feel. This helps us evaluate what’s important. Ask any two people how they perceive an incident and you’re likely to get two different points of view. Facts can be distorted because we act on our perception of reality rather than on the reality itself. Holding to the perception that our beliefs are indeed facts make it difficult to see the issue in a true light; unlike facts, beliefs are subjective and cannot be proven. While they’re both important in decision making, it’s values that have the final say and ultimately determine our choice, guide decisions and set life parameters. In his book Making Change Possible, Ken Hultman quotes Dr. Morris Massey as saying that about 90 percent of our values are programmed from surroundings by the time we reach age ten; it’s no wonder they’re well ingrained by the time we reach adulthood. There are factors that can help lessen resistance to change. First, we need to examine our needs and ask what effect the process will have on us. Will it help self-esteem, improve relationships with others and help us advance? Remember, the bottom line is how the change affects us. Feeling a sense of worth is a basic human need. We will resist any changes that contradict our values because they are deeply rooted beliefs that affect the direction of our life. After we’ve considered needs, the thinking process begins. Based on the facts surrounding the impending change, we ask if it’s worked and improved things elsewhere — and will it work in my situation? Feelings are also important and act as the gatekeeper through which thoughts must pass before action is taken. After determining how much of our values and needs have been met, we are now ready to make a decision. There are other reasons why we resist change. We may feel that there’s no need for it, it’s too risky or the process is being handled

poorly and so we have no confidence in it. There may also be a lack of trust in the process, especially if the change goes against our values. Therefore, it’s important that trust in the process be established first before any change can be accepted. If the vision that is directing the change is made clear and all concerned are actively participating in the process, then even the more reluctant individuals will be encouraged to get on board. This will be the momentum needed to carry the change process through to success, ultimately creating a feeling of camaraderie and purpose. After our values and needs have been satisfied, adding one more element — humour — to the mix can solidify our acceptance of change. Shared humour among employees has the ability to create camaraderie and build teamspirit while improving mental flexibility. A leader with a humorous outlook who promotes a ‘light’ atmosphere in the workplace will find it easier to implement change than an authoritarian leader. Humour helps us look at issues from a different perspective and opens our minds to new ways of doing things. A computer company CEO saw the need to introduce a new operating system to the company and knew the change could cause stress and resistance among employees. He decided to ask staff to post humorous computer cartoons on bulletin boards, with prizes for the best. It wasn’t long before the boards were filled. He then chose some of the more humorous and easy going people in the company to train their fellow employees in the new system. At the end of the training period, a BBQ was held to celebrate their accomplishment and the prizes were handed out. These activities, seasoned with generous amounts of humour, helped make the company’s adjustment to change a qualified success. The motivation for accepting or resisting change involves facts, beliefs, values and the entire thinking process. Most importantly, meeting individual needs must be considered for the transition to be successful. Helping ourselves and others adapt can be challenging but if everyone participates and ‘lightens up,’ change will be more easily accepted even as we embrace the inevitable. Edmonton based Audrey Pihulyk presents lively and informative keynotes and training sessions on ‘life issues.’ To receive a catalogue of her products or to book her, contact Audrey at audrey@possibilitiesnetwork.com or call 1-866-484-2197. Visit her at www.possibilitiesnetwork.com for a detailed overview and product listing. This is the final installment of a series of 10 columns she wrote for Blue Line. For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

February 2003

Organized crime growing Traditional (Italian-based) organized crime (TOC) groups engage in a multitude of criminal activities, including large scale drug importation, and are particularly prominent in Ontario and Quebec. There are three main groups that participate in significant criminal activities; the Sicilian mafia, the ‘Ndrangheta’ and the US branch of the Cosa Nostra. They maintain close ties with outlaw motorcycle gangs — especially in Quebec, Ontario and BC — Asian, East European, Columbian and other South American based organized crime groups and various domestic criminal organizations. The Sicilian mafia is the most influential in Canada, particularly a Sicilian family based in Montreal. Its influence has extended throughout Quebec and into other provinces, especially Ontario. It has connections to other Sicilian clans throughout Canada and internationally, including Venezuela and the US. An allegedly prominent member was the reported target of an murder plan uncovered by Quebec police. A case brought against him by the federal government was settled out of court, avoiding a tax hearing which could have made his alleged criminal activities public. The specific criminal activities of TOC

crime groups and their influence on other criminal groups varies but they’re known to be involved in numerous crimes, including: • drug smuggling and trafficking • movement of contraband • money laundering • illegal gaming, including traditional backroom gambling, internet sports betting and illegal lottery terminals • extortion • loan sharking • prostitution and stock manipulation TOC’s role in the illegal drug trade is mostly at the upper echelon — importation and distribution — and involves many types of drugs, particularly cocaine. Marine port contacts are used to import significant quantities of drugs into the country. Unlike outlaw motorcycle gangs, TOC groups don’t wish to create or maintain a high public profile. They have a long standing presence in Canada and have transformed criminal gains into commercial assets to establish a basis of credibility within their communities. Members are known to engage in legitimate businesses which could be completely isolated from any criminal activity but sometimes serve as a front for crime or as a way to launder criminally-derived profits. They

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February 2003

will participate in the regular social and cultural activities of their area and present a completely respectable and legitimate appearance to the members of their community . It’s important to note that TOC criminal activity and money laundering couldn’t succeed in Canada without the use of legitimate services and the tacit or indirect cooperation of some legitimate individuals involved in daily commerce. These cooperating players are usually unaware of the criminality of their business associates but sometimes don’t care, are coerced or well rewarded for their cooperation. Outlook TOC will remain a prominent criminal player in Canada, continuing to participate in the planning and execution of large illicit drug movements, money laundering schemes, gaming and a multitude of other illegal activities. The Montreal Sicilian crime family will continue extending and consolidating its influence outside of Quebec, particularly in Ontario, which could potentially create a conflict with established TOC families there. In an effort to assist Criminal Intelligence Service Canada, Blue Line Magazine will be running a series of monthly articles based on the CISC’s 2002 final report. Go to www.cisc.gc.ca for more information. This article reviews targeted organized crime groups and their activities, based on intelligence and investigation from Canadian and international enforcement agencies.

Criminals turning to technology Asian-based organized crime (AOC) groups remain extensively engaged in the large-scale manufacture and distribution of counterfeit credit cards, software and electronic entertainment such as CDs and DVDs. In Canada, they import and distribute cocaine, multi-kilogram quantities of southeast Asian heroin and, increasingly, designer synthetic drugs like ecstasy. Across the country, the Hells Angels and AOC groups, particularly Vietnamese, prevail as major participants in the largescale cultivation and exportation of marijuana. Police across Canada launched Operation Greensweep I and II in January and April to counter the nationally widespread phenomenon of residential marijuana growing operations. These will likely continue to be highly concentrated in existing areas such as the BC Lower Mainland, Ontario and Quebec. The Angels persist as the largest and most criminally active outlaw motorcycle gang (OMG) in the country with 35 full, one pros-

Police place crime video on the web Winnipeg police are posting surveillance-camera video of crimes in the hope Internet visitors will identify the suspects. The tactic has raised concerns about the rights of people whose images are displayed. Since May 2002, police have posted pictures of people robbing convenience stores, gas bars, banks and cabbies. Others stole cars, ripped off computer equipment or defrauded bank ATMs. Several images on the police site were taken from the inside of city taxis by interior security cameras. The only other Canadian police service doing anything similar is Montreal, which focuses more on still photographs of wanted criminals, not surveillance images showing crimes in progress. Most US police forces also post only still face photographs. Some legal experts say the practice comes close to violating Canada’s privacy laws. But others say Winnipeg police are just doing good law enforcement. “It’s a matter of public interest,” University of Manitoba law professor David Deutscher was quoted as saying. Deutscher added that, as long as police are acting in good faith, an argument can’t successfully be made that posting pictures hurts a suspect’s right to a fair trial. Police are using software that lets them decode multiplexed images, turn time-lapse video into real-time, stabilize unsteady surveillance video, track images of a suspect in a large crowd and pull readable license plate numbers from dark areas. However, by posting the video on their Web site, police may be opening themselves to defamation claims if it’s shown the people in the video are innocent. Winnipeg police haven’t publicly promoted their new tool yet, but they say it’s already helped officers make several arrests.

pect and one hangaround chapter. OMGs in Canada are involved in money laundering, intimidation, assaults, attempted murder, murder, fraud, theft, counterfeiting, extortion, prostitution, escort agencies/strip clubs, after-hours clubs (selling alcohol illegally), telemarketing and the possessing and trafficking of illegal weapons, stolen goods and contraband. The Hells Angels and Bandidos continue to fight in Quebec over the protection and expansion of drug trafficking networks and there have also been violent incidents between the Outlaws and Angels in Ontario. OMG-related violence in Manitoba has increased sharply, concurrent with the formation of the Hells Angels’ Winnipeg chapter. OMGs and their affiliates have intimidated victims, witnesses and law enforcement and continue to form and maintain associations with street gangs. East European-based organized crime (EEOC) groups are engaged in a wide spectrum of criminal activity, ranging from streetlevel crimes such as theft and prostitution to more sophisticated economic crimes such as money laundering and elaborate fraud schemes. EEOC groups are well-connected to a vast network of contacts; in Canada they operate primarily in conjunction with their global counterparts, though they have struck mutually beneficial relationships with other organized crime groups for specific purposes. Organized crime groups move and distribute illicit contraband throughout Canada. Drugs continue to be the major source of criminal profit. Firearms, especially handguns, are brought in mainly from the US, although there

are a number of domestic and foreign sources. The criminal patterns of the tobacco market have been fairly consistent, with minor variations, over the last few years. The alcohol market continues to be supplied by a variety of means; the two major concerns are smuggled and illicitly manufactured alcohol. Since 1998, Criminal Intelligence Service Canada has reported on the presence of organized crime at several of Canada’s marine ports, particularly the three major container ports of Vancouver, Montreal and Halifax. This presence allows them to move all types of contraband in and out of the country. There are numerous other marine ports in Canada with various levels of port facilities and cargo volume capability. Each are potential targets for organized crime penetration, vulnerable to either infiltration by crime groups and/or corruption of current port employees. Canada is currently one of the world’s five largest producers of rough diamonds. There’s the potential, as has happened in other countries, for organized crime to attempt to infiltrate the industry and illegally divert diamonds from the legitimate commercial pipeline. The Internet has led to an alarming growth in child pornography distribution and is the source of most sexual exploitation of children (SEOC) complaints and investigations. Police report the number of images retrieved from seized computer hard drives during authorized searches has increased dramatically and is often well into the thousands. Technology plays a very significant role in our wired world. Organized crime groups are well known for using sophisticated technology to counterfeit currency and credit cards and pull off frauds and fraudulent investment and telemarketing schemes. These groups employ individuals with computer expertise to further their criminal enterprises. Organized crime groups also use the Internet and encryption software to communicate. Due to the seemingly limitless resources available to some of the more sophisticated groups, it would appear that cost is no object when it comes to attaining or developing leading-edge technology to commit crimes or engage in counter-surveillance against rivals or law enforcement.

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February 2003

Personality disorders can be frustrating by Dr. Dorothy Cotton Ph. D., C. Psych. A couple of months ago I was asked to have a look at a training manual that one police service is using to teach officers about mental illness. It was quite well done and I was impressed, especially with the decent attempt the authors made to explain the concept of ‘personality disorder.’ Personality disorders have got to be one of the hardest notions to explain because people with them don’t really have the same clear symptoms that psychotic have. Generally, you’re not talking about hallucinations, delusions or other really clear, ‘odd’ stuff; instead it’s characterized by a pattern of behaviour over a lifetime that impairs social functioning. These folks tend to have maladaptive ways of thinking, coping and perceiving the world around them. People with personality disorders often causes as much distress to those around them as they do to themselves. If you can think of a person who manages to get everyone in the room fighting with each other as soon as they walk in the door, somehow gets other people to do things they would never dream of doing otherwise or seems to flit from one relationship to another without ever really settling into one — well, that’s enough to get you started thinking. There are a whole bunch of different types

of personality disorders. As police-type people, you probably run into a lot of ‘antisocial personality disorder’ category types. There are a lot of similar terms bandied in this general neck of the woods — psychopath, sociopath, dysocial; there are indeed differences between these categories but the general gist is the same. These individuals don’t quite buy that the rules and regulations apply to them, are pretty immune to the sensitivities and feelings of others and can often charm the scales off a snake. Lying is not a problem for them, they think they’re pretty special, get bored easily, tend to have trouble staying in relationships but are AOK with being promiscuous — you get the picture. You’ve seen and arrested these guys. They are definitely over-represented in the criminal justice system because they don’t really have a lot of regard for laws. This is not to say that most criminals are psychopaths — indeed, this is not the case — but psychopaths and/or people with antisocial personality disorders certainly commit more than their fair share of crimes. It is also worth pointing out that not all psychopaths or any other type of personality disorder end up in prison. Many end up running large corporations or being administrators or even (Heaven forbid) police officers. That’s one of the reasons that in many jurisdictions, psychological tests are required as part of the

screening process if you want to become a police officer. It probably won’t surprise you if I point out that there are a lot of people out there who want to become police officers for all the wrong reasons. I know you all think psychology is a bit ‘fluffy’ compared to the Real Work that you do and I suspect you’re thinking of some idiot in your department who sounds a lot like a personality disorder and asking “so if your tests are so great, how did HE get in?” Well, let me just say that nothing works 100 per cent of the time — but you should see some of the folks we turned away. Anyhow… Another type of personality disorder you might run into a lot is the borderline personality. A lot of the people you take to the emergency room for repeated minor suicide attempts fall into this category. They’re impulsive, often prone to self-mutilation and one of the trickiest things is figuring out if they are actually suicidal or just self abusive — and, take my word for it, these are not the same. These people often cause police to swear at emergency room physicians. You pick up a guy who has slashed his wrists for the fourth time this week, take him to the ER yet again, the doctor talks to him for three minutes and he is back out on the street. I know this is not what you want to hear but I have to tell you that the worst thing you can do for these people is admit them to hospital. They get worse, not better. It just may be that in this case, the doc is right. There are a whole bunch of other personality disorders as well but obviously, I can’t list them all here. If you are wondering if you have one, check out: http://www.med.nyu.edu/Psych/screens/ pds.html Or you can pretend you’re the person you are wondering about and answer as if you were them — but don’t tell! Dr. Dorothy Cotton has been practicing psychology for more than 20 years, providing service for “adults of all ages.” She can be reached at deepblue@blueline.ca.

Scam artists nabbed Two accused scam artists have been charged in Regina after allegedly trying to solicit a phoney donation at the home of a police officer in December. The officer checked one solicitor’s identification and noted it appeared to have been altered. The receipt book also bore the name of a different organization than was named in a brochure handed to the officer. Forty-threeyear-old Clayton Kenneth Morin and 38year-old Geoffrey Morgan McLean are charged with one count each of fraud under five-thousand dollars. February 2003

RCMP in Surrey, BC say a bizarre urban legend led them to a house filled with marijuana plants in December. A woman accidentally called police because her son told her dialing an extra one after 911 would connect her with a taped message explaining whether police officers were tapping her phones. The 60-year-old woman hung up as soon as she realized she had actually reached the police, however, officers, concerned there might be an emergency at the house, quickly showed up at her door. Inside, police discovered “a reasonably sized marijuana growing operation,” Const. Tim Shields said. Police arrested four people - the woman, a 61-year-old man, a 55-year-old man and a third man who had turned 60 that day.

*** At one Illinois Burger King, authorities say, you could order a Whopper, fries and some coke. Not a soft drink — but cocaine. Four people are jailed on charges they sold cocaine from the drive-thru window at a Burger King in Mundelein. Police had been watching the restaurant for nine months. In December, they say they bought a large quantity of cocaine from the night manager, his wife and two former employees. Police say customers would either phone ahead or ask for particular employees. Then they would drive up, place their orders over the microphone and pull around the window to pick it up. The drugs were handed over in a Burger King paper bag.

*** A high school student got an F for effort from a Winnipeg judge in December when the essay he was ordered to write on the evils of drugs turned into a how-to guide filled with advice for young users. The 18-year-old, who pleaded guilty to peddling ecstasy at Kelvin High School, submitted a 24-page essay outlining how to prevent medical problems while taking ecstasy; tips for teens about limiting their drug intake for the best results; and even a plan about how to use drugs safely. “The message of abstinence does not work and never will work for one simple reason curiosity,” wrote the teenager. “So much is left to the unknown that it sparks this primal urge to know what is not known.” The teen suggested, “The majority of today’s populous know very little about it. That is why I am writing this essay - to inform,” he wrote. “All I ask is that you keep an open mind while reading this paper.” Judge Cathy Everett didn’t hide her horror at the results. Everett ordered him to rewrite the essay and go on a speaking tour of at least eight Manitoba schools by next June.

*** Cleaning staff at a Winnipeg shopping mall had no idea what they stumbled on when they found a run-of-the-mill black backpack in December. The bag was found abandoned near a food court. Security checked the bag and called police when it was found to contain more than $90,000. A 30-year-old Vancouver man went to the mall the next day to claim the bag and security was called. He attempted to get away but was unsuccessful. Police later uncovered a large quantity of powdered and crack cocaine at a locker at a storage facility. Shu Tshung Wong has been charged with several offences including possessing cocaine and possessing the proceeds of crime. For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

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February 2003

Clear arguments strengthen search warrants by Rob Munro The once routine task of writing a search warrant has become daunting in this age of large scale investigations and increasing court demands for precise documentation. Proper preparation and planning is required before all but the most basic investigations. The time spent preparing will show long term benefits in reduced warrant writing time, fewer rewrites and most importantly, a logical, comprehensive and challenge-proof document in court. When applying for a search warrant, it’s not enough to lay out a series of facts and hope a justice draws the correct conclusion. An investigator has to clearly explain the connection between the facts and investigative theory, make as convincing an argument as possible and ensure that statutory requirements are met. Understanding an argument’s structure An argument is only persuasive if it’s understandable and keeping the structure simple makes it easier to understand. This can be difficult in a multithreaded investigation. Not only must the author address the obvious facts but also how seemingly irrelevant information is significant in the context of the ‘big picture.’ The investigator has a responsibility to disclose facts which contradict as well as support the investigative hypothesis. However, even these complications can be overcome by attacking the argument at its basic components. Every argument consists of two elements; the premises, which are the facts on which it’s based, and the conclusion that is inferred from them. The premise can support the conclusion either on its own or in combination with other premises. For example, in the argument: 1. Mammals bear live young 2. Dogs are mammals, [therefore] 3. Dogs bear live young Premise one and two do not individually

logically support the conclusion. The fact that mammals bear live young would be insufficient to support the conclusion if dogs were, say, reptiles. The premises are only relevant in the context of other premises. This is called ‘linked support.’ In the argument: 1. Colleen is a provincial champion rower 2. Colleen is a world class distance runner, [therefore] 3. Colleen is an excellent athlete Premise one and two each independently support the conclusion. This is referred to as ‘convergent support.’ Many arguments rely on using basic premises to reach intermediate conclusions which are, in turn, used to support more complex conclusions. This is referred to as a ‘subargument.’ For example, if another argument concluded that Colleen was an excellent student, the sub-arguments that she is an excellent athlete and student could be used as premises to support the conclusion that she should be awarded an athletic scholarship. There may also be facts that don’t support the argument. Colleen’s ex-boyfriend may suggest that she achieved her high academic scores by cheating, for example. Statements that contradict the argument are referred to as ‘counter-considerations’ or ‘counter-arguments.’ When preparing a complex argument, it’s helpful to state premises as self contained, declarative statements, which allows each to be considered in isolation. Understanding your own argument In complex arguments, it can be difficult to articulate the logical connection between the premises and the conclusion. While the volume of facts may, to the investigator’s mind, make the conclusion obvious, there can be a logical gap between the premises and the conclusion when put on paper. This can be avoided by

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February 2003

mapping the argument structure. By convention, premises are joined to the conclusion they support by an arrow. Linked premises are grouped together with a “+” and the arrow leads from the “+” to the conclusion. For example, the argument: 1. Colleen is a provincial champion rower 2. Colleen is a world class distance runner, [thus] 3. Colleen is an excellent athlete 4. Colleen has an A+ average in chemistry 5. Colleen has an A average in English, [so] 6. Colleen is an excellent student, [therefore] 7. Colleen should be awarded an athletic scholarship Fig. 1 would be diagrammed as in figure 1: Counter arguments are joined to the conclusion that they refute by a curved line. For example, the exboyfriend’s arguFig. 2 ment against awarding Colleen a scholarship would be diagrammed as in figure 2: Rebuttals to the counter arguments are symbolized by a blunt line ending at the Fig. 3 curved line, as in figure 3: O b v i o u s l y, mapping an argument isn’t necessary if its structure is evident but complex arguments can be

more logically structured and logical gaps avoided by mapping the connections between premises and conclusion. Evaluating the argument An argument’s strength is in the {A}cceptability of its premises, their {R}elevance to the conclusion and how well the premises as a whole support or provide {G}rounds for the conclusion (ARG). If the premises are doubtful, irrelevant or do not adequately support the conclusion, the argument will be unconvincing even if it is structurally and logically sound. Precision of speech is vital in a search warrant application; the most common reason they’re rejected are because of premises that are so vague or ambiguous that it’s impossible to judge their reliability. Similarly, the statement may be acceptable because it is common knowledge or supported by valid sub arguments. In search warrant applications, the information is most often either the personal testimony of the author or related to them by someone else, so the credibility of a premise is established by the source itself. For example, the statement that a subject committed a murder would be more reliable coming from the investigating detective than a drug addict offering third hand street gossip in exchange for release from custody. This is also true with expert opinions; one from a recognized authority in a relevant field carries considerably more weight than that of a police officer with limited training. It’s essential that the source of the information be addressed in the search warrant affidavit. Search warrants are often sought early in an investigation, before information can be confirmed. Even though it can’t be judged, it can still be presented as ‘provisionally acceptable,’ which means there are no grounds for judging it unacceptable. A statement’s relevance must also be specifically evaluated to determine if it supports or undermines the conclusion. This is an important distinction for the investigator, who’s responsible for bringing both positive and negative relevant facts to a judicial reader’s attention. Evaluating the relevance of a premise is a simple task of asking why each statement is important to your conclusion. Although questioning individual statements is tedious and easy to dismiss as an unnecessary step, it’s important in evaluating the quality of an argument. For example, a witness’s association with a disreputable group may be irrelevant to the credibility of his/her statement — or it may put them in a position to know the circumstances of the crime. Assessing relevance is also crucial in avoiding logical gaps; for example, in: 1. The cabinet is made of purpleheart, [therefore] 2. You should decide where it is to be placed prior to moving it The relevance of statement one is obvious to an experienced cabinet maker, who knows that purpleheart is an extremely dense and heavy type of wood, and would sufficiently support the conclusion. The layperson, however, would need a

second statement explaining the relevance. All specialists, including police officers, are prone to similar leaps of logic. The fact that a gunshot wound had visible powder burns screams the circumstances of the shooting to a forensic specialist but is less obvious to a justice. It’s worth the time to evaluate, and if necessary, explain the relevance of the premises. Applying argument structure Presenting arguments is simple; the premises lead to a reasonable inference that is your conclusion. When constructing arguments however, it is often easier to start with the conclusion and build support using the premises. For example, the conclusion you wish a justice to draw is that you should be granted a search warrant; the argument in support is that grounds exist to believe that: 1. An offence has been or is being committed. 2. Items listed to be seized will afford evidence of the offence. 3. The things to be seized are at the place identified, [therefore] 4. A warrant should be granted authorizing the person named or a peace officer to search the place identified for the things listed. The facts of the investigation must be organized to support the sub arguments in the statements; for example: Henry Luzer has been arrested for stealing from his longtime employer, Vendamatic, which runs coin operated vending machines in apartment buildings. Electronic audit records For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

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February 2003

and random checks show Luzer’s deposits have been consistently short. Hand counts of the coins have confirmed the accuracy of the electronic registers. A private investigator was hired to follow Luzer and noticed he regularly stopped at his residence after making pickups and before depositing the cash at the Vendamatic office. Marked coins were placed in one of the machines on his route and some went missing. Marked coins are placed again and Luzer is followed. The surveillance team briefly loses sight of him but does see him carry two deposit bags into his residence and he’s arrested upon arriving at the office. His deposit is examined and 198 marked $1 coins are missing. A uniformed officer is sent to contain his residence pending further instructions. Two things are immediately evident to the experienced investigator. First, a warrant is required to enter Luzer’s residence to recover evidence of the theft — specifically, the marked coins. Second, grounds exist to obtain the warrant. The first step in preparing the warrant is to reduce the facts of the investigation to simple, declarative sentences which should be self contained as much as possible so that the acceptability of each can be considered in isolation. These statements, the premises for your argument, are numbered for easier reference. The reduction to declarative statements is referred to as standardization. This investigation would be standardized as follows: 1. Vendamatic is a company that operates coin operated vending machines. 2. Vendamatic’s coin operated vending machines electronically record the machine identification, amount and denominations of money collected and all cash box openings, both authorized and unauthorized. 3. Luzer is employed as a coin collector for Vendamatic, [so] 4. Luzer has had an opportunity to steal coins from Vendamatic (Note that this statement would ordinarily be taken for granted. In

the structure of this argument, however, it’s required to bridge the logical gap between the fact that Luzer is employed by a vending machine company and that he has stolen coins). 5. A Sept., 2002 random audit showed that Luzer’s collections were short by more than $2,000 over two weeks. 6. A hand count of coins from the machines on Luzer’s route proved the electronically generated records to be accurate. 7. A private investigator conducting surveillance on Luzer on four separate occasions noted that he always stopped at his residence immediately before making deposits at the Vendamatic central branch office. 8. Earlier this month, Vendamatic staff placed marked coins in one of the vending machines on Luzer’s route. 9. Luzer’s subsequent deposit was found to be $92.00 short and was missing 51 marked coins, [so] 10. Luzer has stolen from Vendamatic in the past. (Note that this is a sub-conclusion based on previous premises, as opposed to being a statement of circumstances. Statement 10, a conclusion at its introduction, will be used as a premise from this point on). 11. On this date, police and Vendamatic staff replaced all coins in vending machines at two locations on Luzer ’s route with marked coins. 12. Luzer made his collections from the locations where the marked coins had been substituted. 13. Surveillance was initiated on Luzer, but briefly lost sight of him. 14. Surveillance observed Luzer stop at his residence after collecting marked coins and prior to making his deposit. He carried two bags into his residence, left without them and was followed going directly to the central branch office. 15. In the absence of reasonable grounds to believe that Luzer deposited coins elsewhereduring the time the surveillance

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February 2003

team lost sight of him, there is no reason to believe that this is the case. (Note that this simple but entirely acceptable premise rebuts the counter-consideration that surveillance was not constant and any resulting uncertainty about the whereabouts of the coins.) 16. Luzer was arrested on arrival at the central branch office and is currently in custody. 17. A police officer was posted at Luzer’s residence immediately after he left and established that no one was home. The officer was instructed not to allow anyone into the residence pending execution of a search warrant, [so,] 18. It’s not possible that any evidence has been removed from the residence since Luzer left (another sub-conclusion, which will now be used as a premise to support a more complex conclusion.) 19. Luzer’s deposit was examined and 198 marked coins were missing. These premises would then be used to support the sub-conclusions that are the statutory requirements for the search warrant. 20. Grounds exist to believe that an offence has been or is being committed 21. Grounds exist to believe that things listed to be seized will afford evidence of the offence 22. Grounds exist to believe that things listed to be seized are at the place identified, [therefore,] 23. A warrant should be granted to search the location identified for the items listed Note that several of the premises are used for more than one sub-argument. For example, premise 14, on its own or in combination with other premises, provides support for sub-conclusions 21 and 22. The argument would be diagrammed as in Figure 4: Obviously, the relationships between the facts of the investigation and the conclusions are subjective and open to interpretation by the author of the warrant. The purpose of standardizing and diagramming the argument is to

Fig. 4

assist the investigator in clarifying what these relationships are, and in establishing the overall structure of the warrant. Applying argument evaluation Even a logically structured argument will be unconvincing if the premises are unacceptable, irrelevant or don’t provide adequate grounds for the conclusion. In the example above, the acceptability of premises one, two and three stem from the source of the information. If it had come from a company official personally involved in the audits and investigation and was backed up with proper documentation, the premises are acceptable. Premise four, on the other hand, is acceptable because it is justified by a solid argument comprised of previously stated premises. The acceptability of each premise must be evaluated in isolation from the other premises, even if they provide linked support for the conclusion. In the above example, marked coins were placed in vending ma-

WINNIPEG - Better handcuffs and shackles should be used when moving prisoners, suggests a review prompted by the escape of a man in November awaiting trial on a charge of firstdegree murder. The report, released in December, says Manitoba Justice should develop training materials to ensure prisoner escort procedures are standardized throughout the province. It also concluded the flight-risk of inmates should be better assessed. The review was done by representatives of the province’s corrections division, the provincial sheriff’s office and the Correctional Service of Canada. Derik Zarichanski, 20, pleaded guilty recently to escaping custody from two Winnipeg Remand Centre correction officers outside Misericordia Health Centre on Nov. 6. He was being transported to hospital for a deep cut on his hand when he managed to get out of his leg shackles by picking the lock with a key he had hidden in his rectum, said Paul Peterson, director of operations for Manitoba Corrections. Zarichanski was re-arrested Nov. 25 and also faces charges in a carjacking. It was the first escape of a prisoner being escorted from the Remand Centre since the downtown facility opened some 10 years ago. Tory Leader Stuart Murray said the recommendations did not go far enough and corrections officers should be armed when transporting potentially dangerous inmates, such as acFebruary 2003

chines on Luzer’s route (premise 11), he collected these coins (12) and they were missing when his deposit was examined (19). If one of these failed the acceptability test, the argument would be weak. For example, if the investigator merely assumed that Luzer had collected the coins but no one had seen him make the pickups, the marked coins may in fact be missing because Luzer hadn’t completed his route. The conclusion that Luzer is a thief is considerably weaker. By contrast, the relevance of each statement must be evaluated in the context of the subargument or the argument as a whole. Premises 11, 12 and 19 are all relevant in arguing that the offence of theft was committed when seen in the context of each other. Premise 19, that the marked coins were not present in Luzer’s deposit, would be irrelevant in the absence of statements that marked coins were collected from vending machines on Luzer’s route. Conclusion The purpose of a search warrant application is to prevent unreasonable searches by giving a justice the opportunity to evaluate the argument for the search prior to its execution. A logically structured argument is not only more likely to result in a warrant being granted, it will be irrefutable in court. Rob Munro is a detective with the Waterloo Regional Police and has 17 years police experience, nine in criminal investigations.

cused murderers and rapists. Peterson said that would require legislative changes. Wolfe said the recommendations are being acted upon and research is being done into finding better locks. *** HALIFAX - A Michelin employee can’t blame his bosses for his inability to do shift work, Nova Scotia’s top court ruled in December. The Nova Scotia Appeal Court unanimously threw out the man’s claim for workers’ compensation benefits. Michelin, along with other employers relying heavily on shift workers, feared fallout from such claims would drive up expenses, making it harder to compete. The case involves Richard Ross, a 14-year employee at Michelin’s Bridgewater plant. A workers’ compensation appeals tribunal ruled Ross suffered a workplace injury when he developed a sleep disorder, after years of working alternating night, evening and day shifts. The disorder constituted a workplace injury that the Workers’ Compensation Board should cover, it ruled. Michelin appealed the ruling Dec. 3. In the Appeal Court decision, Justice Gerald Freeman said Ross’s inability to adapt to shift work was a personal characteristic. “It cannot be said that simply because the condition manifests itself at work that the condition or its symptoms arise out of or in the course of employment,” Freeman wrote. The judge said there was no proof the condition was either caused or aggravated by Ross’s job requirements. For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

Cooperation combats crime

Military police work closely with federal and municipal agencies

by Mark Giles As a project coordinator with the Criminal Intelligence Service of Canada (CISC), Navy Lieut. Lucie Tremblay develops strategies to combat organized crime and keep contraband, weapons and drugs out of Canada’s ports. As an investigator with the Canadian Forces National Investigation Service (CFNIS), which handles serious and sensitive investigations, she is part of the CF contribution to civilian law enforcement across the country. An MP officer for 15 years, Tremblay has been seconded to the CISC since early 2000 and feels she is making a significant contribution on behalf of the CF. “This secondment has opened up channels of communication and improved our (MP) image,” said Tremblay. “It helps other agencies see how police-oriented we are.” Tremblay is one of several MP officers and non-commissioned members seconded to federal

and municipal police services across the country. In addition to her port security duties, she also enters military information on the Automated Criminal Intelligence Information System (ACIIS), allowing authorized civilian agencies access to the intelligence gathered by the CFNIS. With over 1200 badge-carrying or sworn fulltime members, the military police are equivalent in size to larger municipal police services such as Calgary, Winnipeg and Ottawa. One significant difference, however, is that MP personnel are spread across the country and overseas. Serving at Army, Air Force and Navy establishments across Canada, MP detachments work closely with local police to serve both military and civilian communities. MP detachments are supported by the CFNIS – a combined general investigation, major crimes and support section. Divided into four regions based in Edmonton, Ottawa, Quebec City and Halifax, the CFNIS provides investigative, surveillance, polygraph and technical support. The military police and CFNIS are headed

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February 2003

by the CF Provost Marshal (CFPM). As the de facto military ‘chief of police’ in Canada, the CFPM reports directly to the Vice-chief of Defence Staff but is the final authority on military police matters. The Canadian public and policing community are often unaware of the military police role and their high-level of training and professionalism. Secondments to other agencies and joint operations are, however, changing that perception. “I’ve worked with (other police agencies) over the years, but I never stopped and thought of the military police,” said RCMP Chief Supt. and CISC Director-General Sandra Conlin. “Having a (MP) work with us has raised the profile of the military police and what they can bring to the table.” Interagency secondments allow selected police personnel to experience the culture and professional expectations of other agencies and allow MPs to demonstrate their skills and learn new ones. It’s a give and take concept – the RCMP have seconded an inspector to the CFNIS Sensitive Investigations Detachment since 1997. Other current and previous secondments include NIS investigators assigned to the RCMP major crimes sections in Edmonton and Halifax, the Criminal Intelligence Service of Nova Scotia and Ottawa Police Service. Cooperation is mutually beneficial – the military police gain access to additional resources in the larger community and civilian agencies gain access to MP databanks and intelligence across the country. The cooperation at all levels, from patrol to high-tech investigations, serves as a force

multiplier. One area of shared expertise is the investigation of computer crime – a field where a rapidly expanding number of specialty areas makes it very difficult for one agency to cover. The plan is to amalgamate resources with the RCMP and Ottawa Police to form an integrated technological crime team, said Maj. Gilles Sansterre, the officer commanding the CFNIS Support Detachment. “By sharing personnel, equipment and the same facility, all organizations will benefit,” said Cmdr. Steve Moore, deputy provost marshal responsible for the CFNIS. “We will be sending three investigators to the team in 2003. Their specific expertise will help in some areas and in return we will have access to their advanced equipment and resources.” Not all cooperation involves investigative teams – sometimes it’s a one-time project that makes a difference. The introduction of VICLAS (Violent Crime Link Analysis Software) to the law enforcement community provided a means to share information on violent crime. The large number and variety of forms required however, especially for federal agencies working in different provinces, can be frustrating. Two investigators stationed in Borden, Ont. developed a CD containing an electronic digital casebook and containing all the required provincial forms. “We’re so transient, (as regional investigators) it saves us a lot of time,” said CFNIS Sgt. Darcy Elder. “We went to Kingston last week and had everything at our fingertips – its great for travel.” This type of initiative is evident in much of the investigative work done by MP personnel. The VICLAS CD has now been shared with the RCMP and is available to other police services on request. “These opportunities help provide links with the (military police),” said RCMP Supt. Ed Spaans, commanding officer for northern Alta. “All police agencies are looking to establish close partnerships – the more we talk, the more positive things are.” Another example of positive cooperation is joint forces operations. A joint investigation with the Kemptville, N.S. police concluded in 2000, resulting in over 50 drug trafficking charges, said CFNIS Capt. Dennis Bates. The arrests were partially a result of criminal intelligence provided by military police. Working with the Edmonton Police Service, RCMP and Canada Customs, the CFNIS Western Region provided information and criminal intelligence on suspects with military links, said Capt. Dave Cowell. This assistance, in some cases, reduced investigative time from days or weeks to only a few hours. Other assistance is more routine, such as when military police handle off-base traffic accidents involving a CF driver or vehicle, or when MP reservists perform traffic control duties for local parades or events. The military police also provide instructors for several regional and national police courses, including surveillance training for the Criminal Intelligence Services in Ont. and Alta., forensic interviewing at Ottawa Police Service

and major case management at the Canadian Police College. Military police are grateful for the training they’ve been given over the years, said Sansterre, and providing instructors for advanced courses is an opportunity to contribute to police professional development. Sometimes an opportunity to serve the international community presents itself, such as the Swiss Air disaster in 1998. The military police seconded a forensic identification technician to assist with the investigation, and later to the RCMP, for over a year. “We were able to get things rolling more quickly with the Swiss Air disaster,” said Warrant Officer Don Beaver of the CFNIS Atlantic detachment. “Because we had the contacts, we could arrange (support) at (Base) Shearwater right away.” The efforts of the military police to work with other agencies are being recognized. The CFPM now has a seat on the executive committee of the CISC along with the RCMP (chair), Canada Customs and other major Canadian law enforcement organizations. “It’s the team effort that counts,” said Col. Dorothy Cooper, CF Provost Marshal. “The (MP and the CFNIS) are committed to providing professional police and security services to the CF and working in cooperation with other police services and communities across the country.” Captain Mark Giles is the communications and public affairs officer for the military police and Canadian Forces National Investigation Service. For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

February 2003

Evidence inadmissible despite warrant by Mike Novakowski A search warrant doesn’t allow police to go on a fishing expedition, Ontario’s top court has declared. In R. v. Fawthrop, (2002) Docket: C36382 (OntCA), a mother complained to police that a family friend engaged in improper sexual conduct with her daughter and took two Polaroid photos of her private areas. Interviews with the complainant and victim convinced the investigator the accused still had the photos and may be a pedophile who had child pornography. She consulted a psychiatrist with expertise in pedophilia, who advised that pedophiles generally collect and keep child pornographic materials. Based on this information, she obtained a warrant to search the accused’s home for four items directly related to the offence — cameras, film and negatives, developed photographs depicting the victim, photo developing receipts and “any pedophile collection, which may or may not include” items such as magazines, video and audio tapes, writings, computer discs, etc. The warrant was executed and although police only located a Polaroid camera directly related to the mother’s alleged complaint, they also found and seized other child pornography. The charge related to the complaint was subsequently withdrawn but a possession of child pornography charge proceeded. At trial the investigator, who was present but didn’t participate in the actual search, was the only police officer to testify on the voire dire. The trial judge found that because the psychiatrist had no contact with the accused, he couldn’t know if he was a pedophile, so there was no link with pedophilia sufficient for reasonable grounds to believe pornographic material existed at his home. Therefore, the warrant was severed, valid only to the extent that it authorized searching for the four items directly related to the complaint; the search for the

pedophile collection was invalid. However, since the warrant was valid for the four items, the pedophile collection located and seized would have been found during the valid portion of the search. The trial judge ruled that its seizure was authorized by s.489(1) of the Criminal Code and the accused was convicted. Moreover, even if he was wrong in holding the seizure lawful, he would have nonetheless admitted the evidence under s.24(2) of the Charter. The accused appealed to the Ontario Court of Appeal arguing, among other grounds, that the trial judge erred in finding the seizure lawful under s.489(1) and in admitting the evidence. The seizure Justice Borins (Justice Catzman concurring) found s.489 of the code authorizes seizing items not specified in a search warrant if police, while lawfully executing a warrant or other duties, believe on reasonable grounds that the item has been obtained by, used in or will provide evidence of the commission of an offence. Similarly, the common law plain view doctrine also allows the pedophile collection to be seized if it was immediately obvious to and discovered inadvertently by the officers executing the lawful portion of the warrant. Both these seizure authorities only allow an officer to seize items that are visible during an otherwise lawful intrusion, but do not permit an affirmative search. However, since the only officer testifying was not physically involved in the search, there was no evidentiary foundation for the court to properly conclude that the items were in fact lawfully located under either s.489 or the plain view doctrine. Because the test “is not whether the police would have found the items in plain view… but whether they did (in fact) find the items in plain view while executing a valid warrant or while lawfully present in the (accused’s) residence,” the search and seizure was unreasonable and thus a violation of s.8 of the Charter. Admissibility The search warrant process is meant to prevent a search based only on suspicion that a crime might have been committed, which is all the investigator had in this case with respect to the pornographic collection. This search, based

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February 2003

solely on suspicion, was a ‘fishing expedition’ of the accused’s home and rendered the s.8 Charter breach serious. Furthermore, the majority characterized the quantity of child pornography seized, which included two short stories and 35 images, 12 of which depicted a young girl engaged in fellatio, for the most part as small and relatively mild, thus the offence was relatively minor. In concluding that admitting the evidence would bring the administration of justice into disrepute and warranted exclusion, Justice Borins stated: In my view, in the circumstances of this case, to fail to exclude the impugned evidence would be to sanction the results of a fishing expedition engaged in by the police based on their suspicion that the appellant possessed what (the investigator) described as a “pedophile collection.” To rule that the evidence is admissible would seriously diminish the appellant’s s. 8 Charter rights by giving approval to the practice of obtaining a warrant to search for items which the police have reasonable grounds to believe may be found in an individual’s home and using the warrant as a means to engage in a fishing expedition for a shopping list of items which the police only suspect may also be located in the home. Stated somewhat differently, a failure to exclude the pedophile collection would enable the Crown to introduce evidence through the back door that it was unable to introduce through the front door. Justice Simmons, in a dissenting opinion, agreed that since the officer who actually seized the items did not testify, the trial record did not support the application of s.489. However, she believed the seriousness of the violation was mitigated because police acted in good faith. They would have been able to form one of the requisite beliefs under s.489 had they actually examined, on an item by item basis, the material they ultimately seized while looking for the two photos related to the complaint and listed in the valid portion of the search warrant. In her view, the offence was serious and the admission of the evidence would not have brought the administration of justice into disrepute. The accused’s conviction was set aside and an acquittal was entered. Contact Mike Novakowski at caselaw@blueline.ca.

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Crown must prove impairment cause It’s not enough to prove a driver is impaired — the cause of the impairment must also be shown, the Quebec Court of Appeal has ruled. In R. v. Jobin, (2002) 165 C.C.C. (3d) 550 (QueCA), a restaurant employee reported to police, through her supervisor, that she believed a drive-thru customer was inebriated and unable to drive. She noted he had an odour of alcohol, red and glassy eyes, difficulty speaking and appeared to not understand what she was saying to him. Two police officers responded and followed the accused for 10 to 15 km., observing unprovoked sharp braking and failures to turn when the signal was flashing. The officers stopped the car and observed that the accused had difficulty getting out, understanding their questions and balancing. He swayed while standing and his eyes were bloodshot and pupils dilated. Although the officers did not personally note an odour of liquor, they arrested the accused and took him to the station. He blew 0 mg% on two breath samples, which surprised the officers since it was inconsistent with his physical symptoms. Nonetheless, they charged him with impaired driving. The accused testified at trial that: • the alcohol odour smelled by the restaurant employee was due to empty alcohol bottles he had transported the day before • he had changed his mind after signalling his intention to turn • his physical symptoms were a result of minor handicaps including deafness, a shortened leg bone and a speech impediment Although he found alcohol was not the cause of impairment, the trial judge concluded that the Crown had nonetheless proven that the accused’s ability to drive was impaired and convicted him. The accused appealed to the Superior Court of Quebec, which confirmed the conviction, and then to the Quebec Court of Appeal, arguing that the Crown failed to prove the cause of impairment. Justice Thibault, writing for the unanimous court, held that an essential element of a charge under s.253 of the Criminal Code requires proof beyond a reasonable doubt that impairment was from alcohol and/or a drug and not some other cause: …I am of the view that the text of s.253 of

the Criminal Code… requires that the Crown prove, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the accused’s faculties were impaired by alcohol, a drug or both. The proposition according to which the mere observation of impairment would lead to the conviction of a driver of an automobile does not respect either the letter of s.253 nor the intention of Parliament. The conduct which is criminalized is not driving while one’s faculties are impaired—and impairment may be caused by fatigue, stress, a physical or mental handicap, etc.—but rather driving while one’s ability is impaired by the consumption of a drug or alcohol. This is the scourge which the Criminal Code intends to punish and eradicate, and nothing else. In light of the trial judge concluding that the accused had not been drinking and the Crown’s inability to link the impairment to a drug, the court entered an acquittal.

Police welcome Canada’s new cyber tip line A web site launched last year aimed at catching Internet child predators has shown some promising results. Operated out of Winnipeg, the project, believed to be the first of its kind in Canada, had received 76 reports by January of child pornography and luring on the Internet since its inception in September 2002. Child Find Manitoba, which oversees the project, says tips have come in from as far away as Denmark and Great Britain. Federal Justice Minister Martin Cauchon says the project is expected to become a national model for similar programs which will be expanded to other provinces as early as this year. The Internet site www.cybertip.ca is designed to educate parents and protect children from on-line exploitation. The operation has two analysts who review sites and decide whether police should be contacted. Officials believe many of the tips - also involving luring, child sex tourism and child prostitution - will come in from other countries. Police and officials behind the project already started meeting with police agencies around the world last year to share that information.

For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

February 2003

For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

Distinguishing between crime and terrorism Looking for the sleeping terrorist among the criminals is the wave of future policing

by Kathryn Lymburner Community care-taking is based on a service notion that police serve to ensure the safety and welfare of the citizenry at large. In these situations there are exceptions to warrant requirements known as the “emergency doctrine” or “emergency exception” and is part of the idea of exigent circumstances. Proposed anti-terrorist legislation should apply equally to both suspected smugglers and suspected terrorists. From this it can be determined, that when courts approve police tactics designed to fight terrorists, they will also be sanctioning use of the same tactics against other sorts of criminals. This will happen just simply because we have no way of characterizing which suspects are indeed just the every-day, run-ofthe-mill criminals and which are the more unusual species of terrorist. There really is no way to distinguish the two, so they are all treated the same under the law just to ensure that a facevalue criminal is not hiding a more dangerous terrorist. Perhaps, it is only through judicial concern for the need to fight terrorism, being applied to cases that may have nothing to do with terrorism, that legal change is likely to occur. Before the events of September 11th, the law enforcement community already played a major role in an emergency and community care-

taking capacity. According to John Decker, an author on emergency circumstances and police responses, an emergency situation is defined as one, “where a police officer has an objectively reasonable basis for a belief that there is an immediate need for police assistance for the protection of human life or property.” The police, in these situations perform functions, designed to detect or solve a specific crime, such as making arrests, interrogating suspects, and searching for evidence. September 11th, 2001 can be called nothing less than an emergency exception. The law enforcement community had to immediately take on the role of assisting in the protection of human life and property not only on that day specifically but in the many weeks and months following the attacks. As author William J. Stuntz notes: “even before the fires in the rubble that was the World Trade Center burned themselves out, some politicians were calling for broader powers for law enforcement and greater restrictions on citizens, all in the effort to fight this particular crime wave.” Suddenly, across the nation law enforcers were called on to protect their airports, air

spaces, and monuments, while also fulfilling their roles as community caretakers and protectors of human life. Keep in mind, these new roles, were piled on top of traditional law enforcement roles such as responding to emergency calls, ticketing, maintaining community-police interaction and ‘street policing.’ Stuntz continues to point out that these demands for more visible law enforcement were, “already affecting the local police departments’ ability to deal with more typical sorts of crime.” The drain on law enforcement resources, which were stretched even before September 11th, means that now even scarcer resources are being pulled too thin, leading to a general increase in crime. Stuntz notes that, some cities have already seen sharp increases in homicides since September 11th. In Canada this fact should not be lost on cities such as Toronto which has seen a sudden increase in specific organized crime deaths. The new piece of American legislation that has been passed in response to all of these problems is the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, otherwise known as the “USA Patriot Act.” In the first section of this Act, Section 102, it is made clear that, the civil rights and liberties of all Americans, including Arab Americans, must be protected, and that every effort must be taken to preserve their safety; any acts of violence or discrimination against any Americans be condemned; and the Nation is called upon to recognize the patriotism of fellow citizens from all ethnic, racial, and religious backgrounds. (Congress, 2001) This is important for not only the citizens of the United States, but also informs the law enforcement community that this new Act does not condone the use of racial and ethnic profiling and that in fact all citizens are still protected by their civil liberties. No one race is made a second-class citizen by the events of September 11th, 2001. Although increased security measures and inter-police and agency cooperation is needed in the pursuit of American homeland security, both the legal and law enforcement community needs to ensure that the due process of law is followed. The law enforcement community should not be so eager to jump the gun in arrests and prosecutions for the sake of homeland security. They need to ensure that individual freedoms and liberties are not sacrificed in favour of national security and safety, which can be in essence a band-aid solution to further international problems. It is imperative that the government and law enforcement community recognize and distinguish between terrorists and criminals. Kathryn Lymburner is a 3rd year Political Science student.

For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

February 2003

Hard facts about smoking by Peter Shipley • More than 30,000 Canadians die annually from preventable tobacco related diseases; about 12,000 from lung cancer, 6,000 from emphysema and 14,000 from coronary heart disease. • Smoking claims more lives through heart disease than cancer. • Smoking is implicated in at least eight other cancers, in addition to lung cancer - mouth, throat, larynx, esophagus, kidney, bladder, cervix and pancreas. • Smokers have twice as much peptic ulcer disease as non-smokers. • In addition to the tobacco and paper, cigarettes may contain hundreds of additives, including numerous known and possible carcinogens (cancer causes). No other product on the market contains so many added chemical ingredients without being required to list a single one. • There are approximately 4,000 chemicals in tobacco smoke. — University of Toronto Health News It’s well documented that there’s a higher rate of smoking among police than most other professions, which greatly concerns those of us working to improve officer physical fitness and lifestyle choices. Despite the high death toll, many individuals continue this life threatening habit. There are many reasons why police officers continue smoking, including addiction, acceptance, apathy, awareness gap and, to a lesser extent, advertising. The elimination of tobacco advertising from TV, radio and even some major magazines has adversely affected tobacco companies’ profits, as has the requirement to list the health hazards of smoking on each cigarette package. In the US this varies from general statements like “quitting smoking now greatly reduces serious risk to your health” to specific warnings like “smoking causes lung cancer, heart disease, emphysema and may complicate pregnancy.” Once an individual gets ‘hooked,’ advertising only has a reinforcing impact. An individual’s addiction is the main problem though. The active ingredient in tobacco, nicotine, is a very addictive substance and can cause such withdrawal symptoms as severe headaches, migraines, dizziness, depression, anxiety, and irregular heartbeat. Most people don’t realize that nicotine is a poison and a potent pesticide. Another reason why so many individuals continue smoking is because it’s socially acceptable. Although society is adamant about not using illicit drugs, it’s still generally acceptable to smoke in social situations, even though the World Health Organization says controlling smoking “could do more to prevent ill health and premature death than anything else in the February 2003

whole field of preventive medicine.” Changing an individual’s attitude is the first step in quitting smoking. Unfortunately, given many smokers’ apathy about the health effects of using tobacco, that’s a major obstacle. A lot of people realize smoking is dangerous but think ‘it will never happen to me.’ Finally, there are still people who have an ‘awareness gap,’ not realizing the effect that smoking has on others. Second-hand smoke is becoming a major health concern. A comprehensive study of 3,500 children between 7 and 10 years old done by McMaster University in the early ’80s concluded that “second-hand smoke, especially mother’s, harm children far more than air pollution of any other kind.” Most people realize that smoking damages their bodies but there are many positive reasons to quit. Lungs begin to recover almost immediately and the risk of heart disease is significantly reduced in the first year of not smoking. Reformed smokers report more energy and vitality, both on and off the job, and enjoy being able to actually taste their food for the first time in many years. Non-smokers don’t subject others to second-hand smoke and quickly realize how much their old habit was costing them. A pack a day smoker spending $7 a pack will save at least $2,555 a year; just think, that’s like the cost of a brand new car going up in smoke every 10 years. Health insurance premiums are also lower for non-smokers — several companies charge 35 to 40 percent less. Individuals who smoke are at risk of developing lung cancer, emphysema, coronary heart disease and a host of other life threatening illnesses. Some have questioned whether officers who smoke should be eligible for the Ontario Police Fitness Awards (OPFA), a program designed to promote physical fitness in the policing profession. Many also view it as an overall lifestyle statement and feel ambassadors of the program should lead by example; smoking is not indicative of a healthy lifestyle. If we eliminate smokers, should people who drink excessively also be made ineligible? If a smoker meets all the physical requirements, I think they should receive the award. At the very least, smokers have a minimal decrease in lung capacity (depending on how much smoked, what type, how intensely inhaled etc.) so have to be in excellent shape to meet the standards. If the OPFA is a fitness award, then anyone who can meet the standards should receive it. Do you agree? Articles for this column are supplied by members of the Police Fitness Personnel of Ontario (PFPO). President Peter Shipley can be reached at peter.shipley@jus.gov.on.ca or (705) 329-7546. For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

Public Information Officers a ‘must have’ position in policing Perception can be 90 per cent of the game by Judy Pal In these days of cost cutting, number crunching and budget balancing, police executives are constantly on the lookout for ways to improve the bottom line. In many instances, city staff demands, “if it doesn’t help catch crooks, dump it.” In some cases, police departments look to downsize or even eliminate their media or public relations staff. No question, ‘PR-types’ or Public Information Officers (PIO) are hard to justify. They aren’t patrolling the streets, setting up crime-busting stings or tending to victims; but what downtown may not realize is that they are paramount to your department doing its job. In 1999, Halifax Regional Police (HRP) conducted a community survey and asked the question, “What has the greatest influence on your opinion of the department?” Far and away, the greatest response was, “the media.” Only 15 per cent responded “one-on-one experience with an officer”. In fact, the majority of people in our communities will never have direct contact with a police officer… and most hope they don’t! Community perception counts The perception people have of your department is vital to law enforcement getting the job done. Cops can’t function without the support of the community. A PR agency executive, hired by the LAPD after the Rodney King incident, put it best when he said, “a police department can truly only be as good as the community in which it’s serving wants it to be.” Police agencies are the only municipal department that must rely on the community to do its job. Libraries will operate with or without the support of the public. Streets will be cleaned with or without the approval rating of area residents. Garbage will be collected, and so on. Police, however, can’t be effective without the public’s support. That being said, the image of your police service as a caring, professional, ethical agency is vitally important to your bottom line – and that’s where your media PIO or public relations staff can play a major role in promoting the good work your officers do. By promoting a positive public image of your department, the community will come to perceive their police as an agency they can trust and depend on. With that public support, it’s amazing what a department can achieve. For instance, back in 1997, HRP was in its infancy. It was a newly amalgamated force, with internal issues and external perception problems. At that time, the public placed policing eleventh on its list of important issues when it came to spending tax dollars. By 2001, policing had shot to number one — not because there was a crime wave, but because the profile of department and community safety issues was raised dramatically. This was done with a strategic plan in place to bring policing issues front-and-centre and to promote a positive public perception of the department and the good work of its officers. February 2003

BLUE LINE SEMINAR SERIES

The Blue Line Trade Show will be featuring a series of Seminars. The following is an overview of these sessions.

Police Communication and Public Image subjects in two-part Seminar series

Perception vs. reality Unfortunately, in the majority of cases, public perception means more than reality. If the public perceives your department as unethical and doing racial profiling, no amount of denials, news conferences or media interviews will change their mind. It’s all about perception and learning how to gain positive public support before the image-threatening issue arises. A couple of years ago, HRP experienced the horrors of having to charge one of their own with extortion. It was the ultimate breach of public trust. However, because public support of the department was so high, besides a day or two of sneers and painful jabs from some members of the community, overall backing of the department did not waver. The media dealt with the issue in three days, and it was over. Much to many people’s surprise, the department’s image did not suffer. Your public affairs staff or PIO can build on the image your officers already portray to the public and can communicate the good work your officers do. However, they cannot build on an image that is misleading or non-existent, nor should they ever be asked to cover up serious errors of judgement made by police or lie about incidents. Every day your staff is on the front lines dealing with the public. All police officers need to remember the public is always watching and listening. When it comes down to it, the public believes what they see before what they hear, and will believe, in most part, what the media tell them. It’s your responsibility as a police officer to maintain the public image you want your department to have, and that’s a compelling reason to maintain a well-trained, well-respected, image conscious PIO on staff. When it comes down to it, can you afford not to? Judy Pal is a respected pubic affairs practitioner and energetic, insightful lecturer and media trainer. Judy will be presenting a series of lectures at the Blue Line Trade Show on April 29. You may read more in the following column. To register go to www.blueline.ca and click on ‘Trade Show.’ You may also contact Judy direct at jpal@partner-intl.com or phone 902 483-3055. 30

Two seminars will be presented by Halifax-based media and public relations expert Judy Pal at this year’s Blue Line Trade Show on April 29th. Judy’s topics will be communicating to the media in crisis situations and how to project a positive image to your community. Both these seminars are parts of a larger more intensive two week course Judy presents on the subject of Police and Media communications. These courses serve as a sampler for the attendee to become more informed on the subject and also to see if this type of work is suited to them. These courses would be suitable for all levels of police and private security personnel. With 20 years of image-conscious expertise; including stints with the Stanly Cup Champion Edmonton Oilers, Labatt Breweries and Global Television, Judy knows the foils and foibles of maintaining a positive public image, the challenge of forming public perception and opinion... and maintaining it! The seminars can be taken individually or sequentially and the cost is $80 per session(plus GST). Blue Line Magazine will be presenting a certificate of attendance for participants of both sessions.

Course No. 1 Communicating In Crisis

April 29th 9:00 to 11:30 a.m. This half day session teaches the eight rules for communicating in a crisis, what to look for in a qualified spokesperson during a crisis, what you should be saying... and what the public wants and needs to hear from their police.

Course No. 2 Image, Perception and Police April 29th 1:00 to 3:30 p.m.

This half day session focuses on the importance of a police department’s public image, who and what portrays the image of the police department, the important distinction between perception and reality, and how the media play a huge role in shaping a community’s public image of its police.

Southern Ontario Law Enforcement Association (SOLETA) April 29th or 30th, 9:30am to 11:30am

Course Outline With the recent tragic events thrust into the forefront of our society you now have the unique opportunity to be trained in Extraordinary Rapid Deployment at the Blue Line Trade Show in April. Extraordinary Rapid Deployment (ERD) training is vital to all police officers, particularly those on the front line. Ontario has now made this training mandatory for officers responding to calls to schools where an armed suspect is believed to be on the premises. The Blue Line Trade Show gives you an opportunity to be appropriately trained in this response mechanism. The course examines actual incidents and provides critical information for first responders. It shows specific officer deployment tactics, formations, and cornering strategies. Also covered are police, contact, and rescue team priorities, equipment, and procedures. Attendees will receive a certificate of attendance upon completion of the seminar series.

sociation has partnered with Blue Line Magazine to offer an intense gang training module for the civilian and law enforcement communities. We will examine the history of criminal street gangs and the most common warning signs of gang membership and association. This will heighten delegates’ awareness of the various stages of gang involvement. We will discuss key strategies which focus on interdiction, intervention and education. Upon successful completion, each attendee will receive a certificate from the Ontario Gang Investigators Association.

Who Should Attend • All front line officers • Investigators

• Crime analysts • Crime prevention officers • School liaison officers • Campus police services • Civilians

R E G I S T R AT I O N These half-day courses will be held on April 29 and repeated April 30 between 09:30 and 15:30 hrs. The cost is $50 + GST. Register for either day on-line at www.blueline.ca or Phone 905-640-3048

Presenter A Halton Regional Police officer with over 15 years of experience, Chris Collins is the tactical rescue unit team leader and the founder / president of the Southern Ontario Law Enforcement Training Association. He can be reached at soleta@cogeco.ca.

Who Should Attend • All front line officers • Supervisors • Tactical officers • School liaison officers • Campus police services

Ontario Gang Investigators Association (ONGIA) April 29th or 30th, 1:30 to 3:30pm

Course Outline This seminar aims to empower police and civilians alike with the tools necessary to combat street gangs. You’ll learn the tell tale signs of gang membership and their key motivational factors. Criminal street gangs impact the community in reprehensible ways. The Ontario Gang Investigators AsFebruary 2003

For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

Workplace bullying - a career altering experience by Heather Gray “All cruelty springs from weakness” Seneca (4 BC - AD 65) Workplace bullying is so insidious and subtle that targets often aren’t aware of what’s really going on until it’s far too late to salvage their reputation. They’re often stunned to realize the extent of destruction to their professional character and once-stellar career. The unfortunate target is often foiled when

trying to seek justice and recover from the attacks to their self-esteem, drive and initiative, contribution, dedication and loyalty to their organization. They slowly come to realize that no one in the organization is motivated or equipped to seek justice on their behalf. Often those in power will not advocate for them, although scores of co-workers know exactly what has transpired, having witnessed the tedious and methodical annihilation of a once-productive employee. They’re likely to fear getting involved lest they find themselves next in line for targeting.

Many targets ultimately leave the organization they once cherished, often at great personal loss, only to start over again somewhere else. The upshot is that one organization’s loss may well be another’s gain. Sometimes the vanquished target finds great satisfaction and success after leaving a bullying situation and the notion that ‘living well is the best revenge’ surely fits. Clinical psychologists Gary and Ruth Namie have, in recent years, devoted their practice to studying, teaching about and eradicating workplace bullying. They founded the nonprofit Campaign Against Workplace Bullying (CAWB) and conduct on-line surveys through their web-site (www.bullybusters.org). They discovered that 75 per cent of targets eventually leave an organization and many report great losses in productivity while under the suffocating destruction of the bully. More than 80 per cent of bullies were managers, able to exploit power to their own sadistic ends. Many targets reported developing severe, often debilitating, stress-related health issues such as depression, insomnia and chronic pain. In 25 per cent of cases, targets reported that they subsequently found themselves suffering from post traumatic stress disorder, the legacy of prolonged, unremitting psychological and emotional abuse. Ruth Namie calls this “work trauma.” Bullying – defined According to the Namies, workplace bullying consists of “repeated, malicious, verbal mistreatment” by a harassing bully driven by their desire for control. The harm of bullying comes when the psychological or physical health of the targeted person is threatened. Bullying prevents workplace productivity, causes a severe impact to the organization’s bottom line and only serves to satisfy the perpetrator’s insatiable drive to control others. The bully’s objective The overriding objective of any workplace bully is power, control, domination and subjugation. The means by which that’s attained includes deception, corruption and collusion, negligence, maladministration, dereliction of duty, conspiracy, breaches of code of conduct, rules and regulations, misrepresentation, impropriety and even criminal acts. Bullies tend to be insecure people with poor or non-existent social skills and little empathy, according to the Canada Safety Council. They turn this insecurity outward, finding satisfaction in their ability to attack and diminish the capable people around them. A workplace bully subjects the target to unjustified criticism and trivial fault-finding and ignores, overrules, isolates, excludes and humiliates them, especially in front of others. The serial bully “Most cases of bullying involve a serial

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February 2003

bully – one person to whom all the dysfunction can be traced,” says workplace bullying specialist Tim Field. “The serial bully has done this before, is doing it now – and will do it again. The serial bully in the workplace is often found in a job which is a position of power, has a high administrative or procedural content but little or no creative requirement.” According to Field, a typical serial bully is: • a convincing, practised liar • has a Jekyll and Hyde nature – vile, vicious and vindictive in private but innocent and charming in front of witnesses. No one can (or wants to) believe this individual has a vindictive nature – only the current target of the serial bully’s aggression sees both sides. • excels at deception and their capacity to • self-opinionated and displays arrogance, audacity and a sense of entitlement, invulnerability and untouchability • evasive and possesses a Houdini-like ability to escape accountability • glib, superficial and often relies on mimicry and repetition to convince others that s/he is both a ‘normal’ human being and a tough, dynamic manager. They’re likely to extoll the virtues of the latest management fad and pour forth the accompanying jargon. • often displays traits consistent with that of a psychopathic or sociopathic personality • undermines and destroys anyone who they perceive to be an adversary, potential threat or who can see through their mask • adept at creating conflict between those who would otherwise collate incriminating information about him/her and is quick to belittle, undermine, denigrate and discredit anyone who calls, attempts to call, or might call the bully to account. • convinced of their superiority and has an overbearing belief in their leadership qualities but cannot distinguish between leadership (maturity, decisiveness, assertiveness, cooperation, trust, integrity) and bullying (immaturity, impulsiveness, aggression, manipulation, distrust and deceitfulness) • full of a seemingly limitless, demonic energy, especially when engaged in attention-seeking activities or evading accountability. They also: • are selfish and act out of self-interest, selfaggrandisement and self-preservation at all times • use criticism and humiliation in the guise of addressing shortfalls in performance – in reality, these are for control and subjugation, not for performance enhancement • distort, twist, concoct and fabricate criticisms and allegations and abuse the disciplinary procedures – again for control and subjugation • are autocratic and dictatorial. • may appear superficially competent and professional but behind the facade are inadequate, inept, poor at their job and often, outright incompetent • appear to be smart but that intelligence is focused exclusively on deviousness, cunning, scheming, manipulation, evasiveness, deceptiveness and self-centredness • are a divisive and disruptive influence; their

departments are dysfunctional and inefficient and their behaviour actually prevents staff from performing their duties • usurp others’ objectives, falsely winning allegiance in their desire for personal power by establishing cliques or gangs. This generationally perpetuates itself and the legacy continues. Responsibility The serial bully appears to lack insight into his or her behaviour and seems oblivious to their crassness and inappropriateness, however it is more likely they know what they’re doing but elect to switch off the moral and ethical considerations by which normal people are bound — if this is the case, they’re responsible for their behaviour and thus liable for its consequences. Escaping accountability The bully is adept at escaping accountability, often skating out of situations to which most would be called to account. This is largely because of their ability to use deception and misperception to turn the tables on their accuser. Field asserts that, when called to account, the bully instinctively: • denies everything • aggressively counter-criticises or makes counter-allegations, most often based on distortion or outright fabrication — the hallmarks of which are lying, duplicity, hypocrisy and blame — to avoid answering the question and thus accepting responsibility for their behaviour. For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

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February 2003

This tactic forces the target into giving another long explanation to prove the bully’s allegations false. Quite predictably, everyone forgets about the original offence. Bullies rely on others disbelieving their target when they finally report the abuse. “Are you sure this is really going on?” is the likely response the target will hear. The very fact that it sounds so bizarre, so absurd, is the very reason many will be highly sceptical. Most humans want to believe the best in people. Not experiencing life in the madhouse firsthand makes it difficult to fathom. It’s also important to remember that the bully has carefully crafted a ‘sphere of influence,’ slowly schmoozing and brain-washing key individuals up the line. These participants, who are sometimes unwitting pawns, support the bully, blindly believing all of the lies and manipulations that have preceded the revelation of abuse by the target. Bullies often effectively sabotage the target, attacking their credibility and reputation, slowly and cunningly, by slipping disparaging comments into seemingly innocent conversations with their benefactors. By the time the target comes forward, the damage to his/her reputation has poisoned the environment, making justice near impossible. Projection Bullies project their inadequacies, shortcomings, behaviours, etc. onto other people to avoid facing up to their inadequacy and doing something about it, says Field. It’s meant to distract and divert attention away from them-

selves and those inadequacies. Projection is achieved through blame, criticism and allegation. Once established, every criticism or allegation the bully makes about their target is actually an admission or revelation about themselves. Knowing this, management and investigators can then delve into the bully’s life, looking for those specific transgressions. The target - personified Our collective ideology and memories of schoolyard bullies shaking down the weak and timid victim for lunch money is simply not valid when it comes to the reality of workplace or corporate bullying. “The common stereotype of a bullied person is someone who is weak, an oddball or a

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February 2003

loner,” says the Canada Safety Council. “On the contrary, the target chosen by an adult bully will very often be a capable, dedicated member, well-liked by co-workers. Bullies are most likely to pick on people with an ability to cooperate and a non-confrontative, interpersonal style. The bully considers their capability a threat and determines to cut them down.” Adult bullies can be characterized as having low self-esteem and an inadequate personality and tend to overcompensate for this by toadying and boasting. Often they are marginal or non-performers in their own right, choosing to spend their time schmoozing with upper management or taking entitlement with their work time, all the while destroying the target(s) they’ve selected. They feel defective, loath themselves and are often suspicious of others’ motives, most likely because they suspect that everyone else is living by the same corrupt code of conduct as they. Their targets are disempowered such that they become dependent on the bully to allow them to get through each day without their life being made hell. This disparity of power and tragic dependence can be likened to that of an abused child, spouse or hostage who finds themselves in the impossible position of trying to appease the cruel master so they’ll spare their life — or their dignity and self-worth, in the case of workplace bullying. Organizational responsibility How can an organization allow such brutality, protecting a one-,am wrecking crew at great cost to the bottom line, morale of the target(s) and co-workers and their corporate reputation? It is somewhat surprising that, according to the Canada Safety Council, the prevalence of workplace bullying is four times more common than other workplace transgressions such as sexual harassment and racial discrimination. “A bully-tolerant workplace can be quite pathological, gripped in fear, with everyone, including management, too petrified to hold the bully accountable for his/her unforgivable behaviour,” according to the Namies, who operate The Work Doctor, a company and web-site (http://www.workdoctor.com). “Employers, already predisposed to ignore life in the trenches and to support the bully’s version of reality, will find it difficult to believe the cruelty that actually happens,” they add. “This empowers the bully to continue without fear of consequences... “In retrospect, a wise employer would see the signs of unproductivity from employees known to perform at a high level and attribute it to new changes such as having a new supervisor — but the bully and accomplices provide the camouflage that blocks the accurate, truthful view for senior management. Decline in performance from being traumatized is instead portrayed to higher ups as a defect in the targeted person. Despite years of recorded excellence, for some inexplicable reason, the target’s dropoff is accepted as reality when described by the very person responsible for the conversion of a normal, healthy workplace into a daily chamber of horrors.”

The Namies say bullying costs include: Tangible • downtime (lost efficiency) • recruitment • hiring bonuses • inexperience (reduced efficiency) • buy outs of tyrants who refuse to leave without a monetary incentive Add to that litigation costs — attorney fees, settlements, jury awards, appeals, human rights tribunal awards — and WCB and disability costs — stress-related payments, claims and disability benefits. Accidents increase as staff become fatigued from bully-induced stress and anxiety and new employees may lack the experience needed to make consistently sound decisions. The best and brightest may seek out non-hostile workplaces. Intangible Costs • Reputation suffers as word gets out that the organization is a place promoting cut-throat cruelty and ‘grinding up’ its people • Bad public relations, resulting from high profile litigation naming the organization as an active supporter of offensive harassers • Sabotage by fearful employees who know no alternatives when management fails to purge or punish the tyrant(s) • Staff resistance to initiatives launched by management who can’t be trusted to look after employees’ interests It makes no sense to incur these preventable costs in this competitive market for good employees! By not stopping the bullying, an organization is missing an excellent recruitment and retention edge.

Bullying in police agencies The reality in most police agencies is that the ‘chain of command’ — the prevailing attitude that there’re inherent rights and privileges that come with higher rank — can allow bullying to become pervasive and, if unchecked, can lead to overt corruption. Sometimes administrators, even when faced with overwhelming evidence that bullying is occurring right under their noses, either can not or will not do anything about it. “I have to trust my managers” becomes the rallying cry of those too inept to tackle this tough issue — but the buck must stop somewhere. Where does it stop in your organization?

Heather Gray is a former police officer with 20 years experience, eight as a hostage/crisis negotiator. She worked as a CID detective in an Integrated Child Abuse Unit. Her company, TAMA Threat Assessment and Management Associates in Edmonton, specializes in workplace violence and threat assessment and conducts training seminars and speaking engagements throughout North America. She’s the only independent consultant licensed to use the Mosaic program, a threat analysis system developed by Gavin de Becker, the author of The Gift of Fear and one of the world’s foremost authorities on predicting violent behaviour. She can be reached at info@heathergray.net or (866) 988-2484.

Organizational solutions There are tangible things that governments and organizations can do to mitigate and even eliminate the severely destructive effects of bullying: • Introduce and enact sweeping workplace violence legislation • Voluntary compliance, if not currently legislated • Implement a universal code of conduct which demands respect of others and zero-tolerance of bullying • True ‘leadership’ by senior management (leading by example; taking action) • Changing organizational culture by removing barriers to reporting incidents • Intervention by senior administrators at the earliest possible opportunity • Out-source investigations and assessments • Close supervision and accountability of all managers and tight scrutiny of their management style • Communicate with front-line staff • Be aware that bullying may already be • Work with the target to restore their self-confidence and productivity • Dismiss the bully when warranted For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

February 2003

Gun control

There is another way with another focus by Mark Reesor A proposal for a cheaper, more effective alternative to the hugely expensive and problem plagued national gun registry comes from perhaps the last group you might expect — the National Firearms Association (NFA). It’s not a new idea either — the NFA says it’s promoted its ‘Practical Firearms Control

February 2003

System (PFCS),’ a “proven method that will make Canada a safer country (and) attacks the criminal use of weapons,” to any government who will listen since 1966. Firearm owners are militantly resisting the current system. Bill C-68 is seen as “a longterm government policy designed to take lawfully acquired and owned property from its owner without paying compensation and to

criminalize the innocent enjoyment of recreational firearms activities,” the national firearms owners group says. Its suggested firearms act (available at http:/ /www.nfa.ca/Publications/PFCSEnglish.pdf) is just 23 pages long. “The differences between innocent behaviour and criminal behaviour are clear,” the group says. “It should, therefore, be possible to define criminal behaviour and innocent behaviour in less than the 137 pages of criminal law plus 142 pages of regulations required by Bill C-68. It should not be necessary to issue a 1370-page ‘Firearms Regulations and Associated Criminal Code Desktop Manual’ to explain those 279 pages of complex and internally contradictory rules.” The PFCS would classify firearms into four classes: • Class A - Fully automatic firearms • Class B - Center fire rifles and shotguns • Class C - Handguns; everything under 660mm (26") overall • Class D - Rim fire rifles and shotguns and all muzzle-loading firearms (There would also be a ‘weapons’ category for non-firearms items like police batons.) Permits issued would also classify usage: • Possess: To simply possess the firearm, unused, as a collector, for example • Basic: To use on a basic shooting range. • Advanced: To use on an advanced range, where one moves about with a loaded firearm or draws a loaded firearm from a holster • Field: To use at any place, other than a shooting range, where a firearm may lawfully be fired • Professional: To carry and use for professional reasons, as a dealer, salesman, expert witness, etc., might require • Police: To carry and use for protection of human life from criminal violence; requires meeting all relevant standards required of an RCMP constable A first-time applicant — the system would ‘grandfather’ firearm owners and users who’ve already proven they’re not a menace to society — would apply to a recognized instructor, certified by an existing firearms body and not paid for by tax money. Instructors, who would not approve people who act unsafely with firearms, would train the applicant and certify that: • they’re trained and competent to use firearms of the class safely; • know the rules of safety and safe handling, and the laws that apply; • they’re the kind of person who obeys the rules. The instructor certification is meaningful, the NFA says, because effective screening “can only be done by someone who sees and considers the applicant’s behaviour with a firearm over an extended period.” The applicant would then apply to police for a criminal record check, who would then issue (or refuse) a Police Clearance Certificate. The applicant takes this to an issuing office, perhaps a motor vehicle licensing office, to get a firearms permit. Using police only for the

check rather than routine paperwork would free up scarce resources — a sergeant, constable, two clerks and three rooms of a police station in Edmonton alone — for more important work, the group says. The permit would be in the form of a grid, with firearm classes down the left edge and usage across the top, and each entry would be subject to specific rules. A Class C/Police Endorsement, for example, would license a detective to carry a loaded, concealed handgun to protect human life from criminal violence. Class C/Field endorsement would license a geologist to carry a loaded handgun only in the field to protect human life from animal attack, for survival hunting and for signalling. The permit would authorize possession, acquisition, carriage, transport and use, with control appropriate to the holder’s status, replacing the Firearms Acquisition Certificate, Permit to Carry and Permit to Transport. Firearm owners would be protected, it says, because they can demonstrate who they are and what they’re qualified to have and use. Police would also be protected because absence of a permit is grounds to seize any firearm — the group says no such document exists in the current system — and a permit would provide much meaningful information as to the holder’s character and status. There would also be mandatory penalties “that the crown attorney can’t plea bargain away” for criminals who use weapons to threaten or harm someone. Penalties would be more severe for someone who has a firearms license and commits a crime, says NFA President Jim Hinter. “Jim Hinter has a gun license — I’ve basically made a pact with society that I can be trusted with this — therefore if Jim Hinter decides to go out and hold up a store, I have to do a tougher sentence... because I’ve breached that trust. That’s the other piece you build into the law.” Registering firearms “gives unrestricted, unsupervised access to someone with a firearms license; you either trust that person or you

don’t,” says Hinter. “What the government says is ‘well, we really don’t trust you’ — so tonight when I go... shoot my .45 Colt, I need my gun license, registration certificate, authorization to transport, a myriad of paperwork. All of that paper costs money; paper in my hands won’t prevent crime.” Hinter says the firearms bill has taken police off the streets and money out of police budgets — “I’m in Edmonton and they’re crying for money; we’ve got our helicopter they’re trying to fund, they need a new shooting range and new facilities. This law has taken three million dollars for every federal riding in Canada... and that’s dangerous.” After backtracking on its request for another $72 million, the federal government said it would pull money from other areas of the Justice Department to keep the registry going. “Where’s that coming from,” wonders Hinter. “The courts? The police? border security? That’s where we need to be making the effort — we don’t need it on the wrong target.” The government, firearm owners and police all have the same goal, Hinter says — safer communities. “What we need to be doing is putting all of our energy into focusing on who is the problem... “Uncle George in Hines Creek, Alberta has never been and never will be a problem. The guy on the street with the gun down his pants selling drugs, breaking into homes or robbing stores — that’s the problem. While the police, justice department and bureaucracy are worrying about making sure all my paperwork is up to date, they’ve missed that target.” When it comes right down to it, “I really don’t care what it takes to get a safer Canada,” Hinter says. “We want an effective firearm control system that works, that supports community safety, that supports the police... and the current system doesn’t. It needs to go.” The National Firearms Association can be reached at NFAinfo@nfa.ca or 780 439-1394. President Jim Hinter can be contacted at jhinter@nfa.ca.

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An online supply and service guide by Tom Rataj The Internet has become an indispensable online resource, providing a wealth of information on just about anything. From a law enforcement perspective, it can be a very effective tool for conducting investigations and planning law enforcement strategies. It has proven its worth in the past year alone when several individuals were apprehended, after many years on the run, because of a simple name search done on the Internet by an investigator. The amount of law enforcement information now available online is staggering. There is a wide variety of reference type information, including the complete up-to-date texts of various pieces of provincial and federal legislation, and numerous telephone number search sites, many with reverse number lookups that provide a name and address from a telephone number. Finding the information you need is sometimes a challenge, and pruning the out of date sites can be a chore. Below is a basic selection of particularly useful and interesting sites that provide a wide variety of law enforcement related information, useful for everything from finding basic material through investigations, planning and research. Many also have extensive links to other sites that may be related or of interest. Most of the larger Canadian sites are available in both official languages. Legal information Department of Justice Canada (http:// www.canada.justice.gc.ca): A virtual treasuretrove of legal and justice related information, including material on the department and the programs and services it offers. There’s also

BlueLinks — an all Canadian source for law enforcement products and services at www.blueline.ca. an extensive selection of major statutes and other federal acts relevant to law enforcement, educational material for youth, news releases and information on employment and judicial appointments. Insurance Bureau of Canada (http:// www.ibc.ca): The IBC is the national trade association that represents the Canadian insurance industry. In addition to extensive information about the various types of insurance, it also has links to the Canadian Coalition Against Insurance Fraud and the Investigative Services Division of the IBC, both of which provide information and services to assist police investigators. National Insurance Crime Bureau (http:// www.nicb.org/index.shtml): While this is an American not-for-profit organization, it provides a wealth of information about insurance related fraud and theft that is as relevant to Canada as the US. There’s statistical, strategic and tactical information and services.

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February 2003

Canadian Alliance Against Software Theft (http://www.caast.ca): Featuring extensive information about software piracy, counterfeiting, the Canadian Copyright Act and various Anti-Piracy resources. Organizations can use this site to ensure they comply with End User Licence Agreements (EULA’s) and investigators will find it helpful when working on counterfeit software cases. BankofCanada(http:ww.bankofcanada.ca): Includes information about counterfeit money detection and various other programs and services the bank provides. Also includes an up-todate tool that converts over 50 foreign currencies to and from the Canadian dollar. Police sites RCMP Most Wanted Page (http://www.rcmpgrc.gc.ca/html/wanted-e.htm): This part of the RCMP’s extensive site provides images and information about the most wanted criminal in Canada. It also has links to the FBI, American and US Marshal’s most wanted lists. International Association of Computer Investigative Specialists (http://www.cops.org): The IACIS is an international, volunteer, nonprofit corporation specializing in computer science forensics education. Members are trained on how to seize and process computer systems. In addition to information about this organization, their site includes solid basic instruction on how to process seized computer systems during investigations. Canadian Police Information Centre (CPIC) Services (http://nps.ca/ENGLISH/index.html): Contains a selection of useful information for the general public and accredited law enforcement agencies. There is a stolen property search section that allows online searches for a variety of items, including cars, boat and bicycles. The CPIC National Directory is also available in PDF format. CPIC Renewal Project (http://www.rcmpgrc.gc.ca/cpicrencipc/): This site provides some basic information about the progress of the project. The CPIRC Resource Centre Page (http:// www.cpirc.com/resource_centre.htm): The Canadian Private Investigators Resource Centre contains well over 100 Internet links to sites of various interests to investigators. CALEA (http://www.calea.org): The official site of the Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies provides complete information on the authority and its programs and services. COP-Net (http://police.sas.ab.ca): An interesting police site, with a variety of US, Canadian and international links to information, products and services, as well as online shopping at COP-Mall. Officer.com (http://www.officer.com): A privately run policing website with a wide variety of information for law enforcement officers. Includes loads of Internet links to other policing sites and police related news stories. Blue Line Magazine (www.blueline.ca): Without beating our own drum too much, the Blue

Line website offers a generous helping of information about the magazine, Blue Line News Week and links to most Canadian and American police agency web sites. It also offers access to subscription information, the Blue Line Bookshelf, investigative links, the Blue Line Forum, Blue Links (product information), the book shelf, upcoming events... the list goes on. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (http:// www.fbi.gov): The FBI’s site offers a wealth of information about the agency, its mandate, most wanted list and a pile of other information. There is currently a lot of information about terrorism on this site. Gang information The following gang investigator sites offer a wealth of intelligence and general information on gangs, anti-gang techniques and strategies tried and tested in the US and elsewhere. If you don’t think your jurisdiction has gang problems, check out these sites and be prepared to change your mind: • Ontario Gang Investigators Association (http://www.ongia.org/) • California Gang Investigator’s Association (http://www.cgiaonline.org/) • Midwest Gang Investigators Association (http://www.mgia.org) Address and phone This is just a small sampling of some of the better sites for conducting address searches and telephone number and reverse lookups. Some sites allow users to identify the neighbours of a person at a particular address, complete with street maps showing the area. Canada-411 (http://canada411.com): This site provides online access to all Canadian white pages and Yellow Pages directories, offering current listings from across the country. Canada Post (http://www.canadapost.ca/ splash.asp): Includes online postal code lookups and access to Canada Post’s online and regular postal services. Yellow Pages (http://www.yellow.ca/y/ home.html): Online Canadian Yellow Pages and people finder, with a variety of other related services and Internet links. InfoSpace (http://www.infospace.com): This is a solid, all-round web-portal that provides links to numerous Internet sites and services, including name and address searches in Canada and the USA. There is also a Canadian version of this site that can be accessed through the main site or directly (http://www.infospace.ca). PeopleSearch.net(http:www.peoplesearch.net): This multi-purpose search site offers access to all sorts of search engines focusing on locating people by various means.

information the original and rightfully famous printed encyclopaedia has. This is a commercial site that also provides Internet links and online information and products for sale that may be related to the information you are looking for. TheWeatherNetwork ( h t t p : w w w. t h e w e a t h e r n e t w o r k . c o m / index_can.htm): This extensive site provides up to date weather forecasts and information from around the country. It includes a new web cam feature showing current still-pictures of various locations around Canada and sunrise/ sunset times for all Canadian cities. MapQuest (http://www.mapquest.com/): Find detailed city maps from across North America and many places around the world. This is an excellent resource for use both at home or across the country. Cult Awareness Network (http:// www.cultawarenessnetwork.org): An excellent educational and investigative site for information on everything to do with cults and individuals involved in them. Conclusions The wealth of information available, much of which would have taken hours or days to obtain just a few years ago, makes the Internet an ideal complimentary tool for law enforcement. While not always perfect, since it can be an enormous time-waster as well, the Internet can be a valuable tool for investigative work, planning, research and a wide variety of other law enforcement tasks. You can reach Tom Rataj at technews@blueline.ca. For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

Specialty Google (http://www.google.ca): Consistently rated as the best overall general purpose Internet search site, Google has a clean, straightforward interface and technology that returns excellent search results quickly. This is the Canadian edition of the site. YAHOO (http://ca.yahoo.com/): More of a web portal than Google, Yahoo is still an excellent, if somewhat busy site that provides a starting point for finding information on just about anything. This is the Canadian edition of the site. EncyclopaediaBritannica(http:www.britannica.com) A very good online resource that offers all the For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

February 2003

Blue Line’s Coming Events are a free service to law enforcement agencies and related personnel support groups. Other persons or organizations may place their notices in this section at a price of $50 per insertion up to 25 words. Pre-payment by Visa, MasterCard or Cheque only please. Send information and pre-payment to: 12A-4981 Hwy. 7 East, Ste. 254, Markham, ON. L3R 1N1 or Fax (800) 563-1792 or E-mail to sales@blueline.ca. offender management units and April 29, 2003 Feb. 12 -14, 2003 April 29 - 30, 2003 7th Annual Conference on Child geared toward police and crown Communicating in Crisis: A Extraordinary Rapid attorneys dealing with sexual Survival Guide Overview Abuse Issues Deployment (ERD) Training assaults and offender management. Le Parc Conference Centre Niagara Falls, ON Le Parc Conference Centre Hosted by the Niagara Police Contact: Maureen Phelan at (905) 8432 Leslie St. 8432 Leslie St. Markham, ON Service’s child abuse unit and 688-4111, x5100. Markham, ON Learn the eight rules for Southern Ontario Law Enforcement featuring experts in interviewing communicating in a crisis, what you Training Association (SOLETA) victims and suspects in abuse should say, how to choose a qualified ERD training at the Blue Line Trade cases. Contact: Lianne Daley at April 14 - 17, 2003 LEBA Basic Cycling Course spokesperson and what the public Show on April 29-30, 2003. Go to (905) 688-4111 x5100. Welland, ON wants and needs to hear. This half- www.blueline.ca and click on trade Feb. 27 - 28, 2003 Niagara Regional Police Service is day session with media relations show and then seminars to register. Youth & Crime 2003 hosting this level ‘A’ class, expert Judy Pal is at the Blue Line Niagara Falls, ON certified by the Law Enforcement Trade Show April 29-30. Go to April 29 - 30, 2003 Hosted by the Ontario Committee Bicycle Association. www.blueline.ca and click on trade ONGIA Street Gangs Seminar of Youth Officers. Contact:Cst. Gord Duncan at show and then seminars to register. Le Parc Conference Centre 8432 Leslie St. Contact:Cst. Jennifer Caddell at gduncan@nrps.com or call (905) April 29, 2003 Markham, ON jcaddell@police.barrie.on.ca or 688-4111, x4234. Image, Perception and Police The Ontario Gang Investigators (705) 725-7025 x2551. Le Parc Conference Centre Association (ONGIA) seminar on April 29 - 30, 2003 March 16, 2003 8432 Leslie St. street gangs at the Blue Line Trade Blue Line Trade Show Pin/Flash Collectors Show Markham, ON Show on April 29-30, 2003. Go to Le Parc Conference Centre Gatineau, QC This half-day session with media www.blueline.ca and click on trade Contact: Cst. Francois Dutrisac at 8432 Leslie St. relations expert Judy Pal focuses show and then seminars to register. Markham, ON (819) 669-7046. Blue Line Magazine’s seventh on a police department’s public May 2, 2003 April 2 - 4, 2003 annual law enforcement and image, who and what portrays it, Ontario Women in Law perception and reality and how the Sexual Assault/Offender emergency response trade show, Management Issues Conference promoting products and services media shapes the police image. Go Enforcement Awards Banquet Mississauga, ON Niagara Falls, ON for all law enforcement personnel. to www.blueline.ca and click on Hosted by the Niagara Police Register as an exhibitor or attendee trade show and then seminars to Call Det. Myra James 905-546-4614 james@hamiltonpolice.on.ca register. Service’s sexual assault and on the web (www.blueline.ca).

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February 2003

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CATEGORY INDEX

Each year Blue Line Magazine surveys the private sector to see which companies or individuals are interested in making their products or services available to the law enforcement community. This directory is a result of that survey and should be retained for reference throughout the coming year. This directory is divided up into three parts. The first part is the “Category Index”(This Page). It provides you with details of how the products and services you may be looking for are listed. The second part is the “Product Listings” (Page 42) which places the companies under the categories of products or services they are prepared to supply. The third part is the “Corporate Listings” (Page 53) which include the name, address and phone/fax lines of the companies surveyed. Access Control Accident Reconstruction Accreditation Addiction Treatment Aircraft & Equipment Alarm Devices Alcohol Detection Devices Ammunition Architecture & Engineering Art Associations Audio/Video Aids Automated Fingerprinting Awards, Badges, Pins Batteries & Rechargers Batons Bicycles & Supplies Binoculars & Telescopes Surveillance Biometrics Automated Fingerprinting Body Armour Tactical Team Equipment Bomb Disposal & Detection Hazardous Material Handling Boots, Shoes & Footwear Bullet Resistant Enclosures Cameras Surveillance Video - Mobile & Surveillance Security - Perimeter Control Cases, Duty Bags, Storage CCTV, Film Ceremonial Uniforms & Regalia Chemical Trace Detection Cigars & Accessories Clothing & Outerwear Uniforms Collectibles Collision Reporting Centres Communications - Base Stations Computer - Dispatching Communications - Consultant Communications - Hand Held Communications - Mobile Community Programs Computer - Accessories Computer - Consultant Computer - Dispatching February 2003

Computer - Hardware Computer - Records Computer - Security Computer - Software Computer - Training Counterfeit & Detections Crime Analysis Crime Prevention Programs Crime Scene Reconstruction Database Services & Support Defensive Tactics Training Defibrillators Digital Video & Imaging Dog Training & Supplies DNA Testing Services Driver Training Emblems & Decals Awards, Badges & Pins Vehicle & Accessories Employer Support Evidence/Exhibit Storage Exercise Equipment & Clothing Eye, Ear & Skin Protection Gloves Fabric Manufacturer Fibrescopes Firearms - Training Firearms - Simulation Training Video - Training Flame/Chemical Prot. Clothing Flares Fleet Graphics Fleet Restoration Food - Emergency Forcible Entry Tools Forensic Aids & Investigations Forensic Services & Equipment General Police Supply Global Positioning System Gloves Gun Locks Gunsmithing Hats & Head Protection Clothing & Outerwear Hazardous Material Handling Bomb Disposal Eye, Ear & Skin Protection Hats & Head Protection Headsets 41

Health Products & Services Helicopter and Equipment Holsters & Accessories Weapons-Accessories Inert Explosive Training Aids Interception Investigative Support Services Forensic Aids & Investigations IT Security Jewelry Knives & Accessories Lights - Portable Loading & Unloading Stations Marine Electronics Marine - Rigid Hull Inflatables Marine Supplies Memo Books, Planners, Holders Message Trailers Metal Detection Motorcycles & Supplies Night Vision Equipment Office Equipment & Supply Optical Sights Pagers Passport Verification Pens Photo Identification Photography Cameras, CCTV, Film Forensic Ident Equipment Security Identification Video Surveillance Police Equipment R&D Promotional Items Awards, Badges, Pins Publishers, Books, Printing Radar & Speed Equipment Range Supplies Recreational Products Reflective Letters Reports & Forms Design Restraining Devices Riot Control Robotics Safety & Rescue Equipment Safety Wear Satellite Communication Schools / Institutions Search Equipment

Security Clothing Security - Glass Protection Security - Identification Photography Security - Penal Institutions Security - Perimeter Video - Mobile Security - Training Sirens & Emergency Lighting Surveillance Security Perimeter Control Video - Mobile Surveillance - Under Vehicles Switches and Control Systems Systems Integration Tactical Team Equipment Body Armour Telescoping Masts Tire Deflation Devices Training Aids & Services Trauma Scene Cleaning Trauma Treatment Uniforms & Accessories Clothing & Outerwear Holsters Emblems Vehicle Accessories General Police Supply Emblems Vehicles - Armoured Vehicles - Off Road Vehicles - Refit Vehicles - Specialty Vehicle - Tracking Equipment Vessels & Accessories Video - Equipment & Training Video - Mobile & Surveillance Security-Perimeter Control Photography VIP Protection Voice Logging Systems Weapons & Accessories Weapons - Maintenance Weapons - Non-Lethal Weapons - Security Weapons - Suppressors Weapons - Training Training Programs Wireless Communications X-ray Security & Information

PRODUCT LISTINGS

Access Control Alvotech Systems Group Ascendent Technology Group Inc Almex Ltd BAJAI Inc Bioscrpyt Inc Boa Handcuff Company Cavio Corporation Cogent Systems Inc Controlled Access Systems Inc Cross Match Technologies Inc Deister Electronics Inc Delta Scientific Diaphonics Inc DSC Digital Security Controls E-Certify Honeywell Ltd Identicam Systems Canada Identix Incorporated Intercon Security Ltd IR Security & Safety IR Recognition Systems Iridian Technologies Inc KEYper Systems Labcal Technologies Martin & Levesque RYCOM Inc SAGEM Morpho Inc Sense Holdings Inc Senstar-Stellar Corp Sonitrol Security Systems US Traffic Corporation

Accident Reconstruction Accident Support Services Intl Bowmonk Canada Inc davTECH Analytical Services (Canada) Digital Descriptor Systems Inc GiveMePower Corp Institute of Police Technology & Mgmt Laser Technology Inc Leads Software Inc Mega Tech

SmartDraw.com Sokkia Corporation Thales Contact Solutions VS Visual Statement Inc

Accreditation Athabasca University

Aircraft & Equipment

Nelson Wong Architect Inc SmartDraw.com The Walter Fedy Partnership Valley Associates Inc

Applied Integration Corporation Bell Helicopter Canadian Helicopters Engtstrom Helicopter Corp Eurocopter Canada Groen Brothers Aviation Inc Navitrak International Corp Oregon Aero Inc Robinson Helicopters Schweizer Aircraft Corp Valley Associates Inc

Art Constable Todd Gray

Associations Ontario Gang Investigators Police Leadership Forum Southern Ontario Law Enforcement Visa International

Audio/Video Aids

Alarm Devices

Canon Canada Inc Cognitech Inc Enhanced Audio Inc Henry’s ITS Consultants Justice Institute of BC LiveLink Training Network Lunar Lite Inc Modern Warrior Defensive Tactics Shryock Communications Inc Smith System Driver Improvement Inc Special Electronics & Design Telex Communications Inc The Current Corporation

Able 2 Products Co Inc Alvotech Systems Group ATS Asset Tracking Services Applied Integration Corporation Betatron BLI International Grace Industries Inc Identification Technologies Leads Software Inc Micro Snitch Corp NavLynx Technologies Phantom Electron Corp Racom Products Inc Senstar-Stellar Corp Sonitrol Security Services Zetron Inc

Automated FIingerprinting

Alcohol Detection

ComnetiX Cross Match Technologies Inc Forensic Analytical Identicator Identix Incorporated Chrysalis-ITS Mentalix Inc NEC Technologies Inc Printrak A Motorola Company SAGEM Morpho Inc Titan Systems

CMI Inc DavTech Analytical Services Draeger Canada Ltd Intoximeters Inc Leads Software Inc Mega Tech Sound Off Inc Winner International

Ammunition Atlantic Police & Security Supply Cannon’s Federal Cartridge Co Florida Bullet International Cartridge Corporation MilArm Co Ltd Mirage Technologies MK Ballistic Systems North Sylva Co Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Rec-T-Fire Telum Corporation Tetragon Tasse Distribution Inc The Shooting Edge Valley Associates Inc Winchester Ammunition Wolverine Supplies

Bellwood Health Services Inc

February 2003

Bicycles & Supplies Alerte Systems International Alpine Joe Sportswear Ltd Bell Pro Police Products Pittco Inc Smith & Wesson Corp Squad-Fitters Inc Visibility Systems Co

Binoculars & Telescopes Alista Ltd Barrett Firearms Mfg Inc Canon Canada Inc Famous Trails Night Vision Henry’s Leupold Maritime Services Police & Fire Section Mobile LED Canada Newcon Optik Prairie Geomatics Ltd Schmidt & Bender Inc The Current Corporation Treck Hall Trijicon Inc Wolverine Supplies

Biometrics Almex Ltd Identix Incorporated RYCOM Inc Sense Holdings Inc

Body Armour Alpine Armoring Inc American Body Armor ATD – American Co Bell Pro Police Products Ceramic Protection Corp

Awards, Badges, Pins & Mementos Benchmade Knife Co CopSeek.com Dalgas Enterprises Inc Lab Safety Supply Inc Lees Motivation Canada Muir Cap & Regalia Ltd Northwest Police Store Pride In Service Strath Craft Ltd V H Blackinton & Co Inc

Batteries & Rechargers Alcom Enterprises Inc Alexander Battery

Architecture & Engineering Addiction Treatment

Newcon Optik POLIFORCE Canada Services PolyBrite International Inc Premier Crown Corporation

Batons Genesport Industries HWC Police Equipment Law Enforcement Technologies Lloyd Libke Police Sales MD Charlton Co Ltd Monadnock Lifetime Products Inc

Carruthers Shaw & Partners Ltd Caswell International Corp Dunlop Architects Inc GiveMePower Corp Installations Inc

Florida Bullet Gator Hawk Armor Inc Genesport Industries Hellweg International Pty Ltd Honeywell Hot Cool Wear K9 Storm Inc Mae Group International Inc Mawashi Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Med-Eng Systems Inc MilArm Co Ltd Mirage Technologies Newcon Optik Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Pacific Safety Products Protech Protection Development International Corp Protective Apparel Corporation America

PRODUCT LISTINGS

Redman Training Gear Reliance Armor Systems Inc Safariland Ltd Second Chance Body Armour Teijin Twaron USA Inc TurtleSkin Gloves US Armor Corporation

Bomb Disposal & Detection Bosik Consultants Ltd Dupont Canada Instrument Technology Inc Inuktun Services Ltd ISI – International Safety Instruments Leads Software Inc Shryock Communications Inc Mattman Specialty Vehicles Med-Eng Systems Inc Mirage Technologies MK Ballistic Systems Nabco Inc POLIFORCE Canada Services Protection Development International Protective Apparel Corporation America P W Allen & Co Ltd US Armor Corporation

Boots, Shoes, Footwear 911 Supply ATD – American Co Bates Uniform Footwear Dack’s Shoes Ltd Danner Shoe Gordon Contract Footwear Hartt Boot & Shoe Co Hi-Tec Sports Lab Safety Supply Inc Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Mae Group International Inc M D Charlton Co Ltd North Sylva Co Original S.W.A.T. Police Pro Inc Pro-Tech Equipment Rocky Shoes & Boots Saucony Canada Inc The Dehner Co Thorlo Inc

Bullet Resistant Enclosures Bullet Guard Corp Installations Inc

Cameras Ascendent Technology Group Inc Betatron Drive Cam

February 2003

Chemical Trace Detection Life Safety Systems Scintrex Trace Corp

Cigars & Accessories Ino Inuktun Services Ltd Micro Video Products Mobile LED Canada Polaroid Canada Inc Salient Manufacturing & Security Sonitrol Security Systems Sony Canada Treck-Hall Ltd

Constable Cigar Company

Clothing & Outerwear

Cases, Duty Bags, Storage 911 Supply Cases Unlimited Concealed Carry Systems Inc Corporate Security Supply Ltd Dalgas Enterprises Inc davTECH Analytical Services (Canada) DSM Law Enforcement Products Frontline Tactical Products H D Brown Enterprises Ltd Hellweg International Pty Ltd Hi-Tec Intervention Inc Iron Duck Michaels of Oregon Co North Sylva Co Pacific Safety Products Pelican Products Police Pro Inc Prairie Geomatics Ltd Pro-Gard Police Products Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply Shooting Systems Group Inc The Current Corporation The Kop Shop Trilcor Industries Uncle Mike’s Law Enforcement Visual Planning Corporation

CCTV, Film Almex Ltd Alvotech Systems Group Applied Integration Corporation DSC Digital Security Controls Industries GE Interlogix Kalatel Division Intercon Security Ltd ITS Consultants Micro Video Products Paragon Imaging Pentax Technologies Phantom Electron Corp Polaroid Canada Security Products International Sonitrol Security Systems Sony Canada The Current Corporation VideoComm Technologies

Ceremonial Uniforms & Regalia

3M Canada Company Alpine Joe Sportswear Ltd Atlantic Police & Security Supply Bancroft Cap Company Blauer Manufacturing CopSeek.com Evin Industries Ltd Flight Suits Glock Inc Hot Cool Wear Ingo Global Inc Integral Designs Luminox Watches Martin & Levesque Nine-One-One Outerwear Northwest Police Store Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Original S.W.A.T. Reliance Armor Systems Inc Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply Squad-Fitters Inc Stratton Hats Inc Trilcor Industries Unitex Direct Viking Metals & Marine Supplies W L Gore & Associates

Collectibles Best Choice Collectibles

Collision Reporting Centres Accident Support Services

Communications Base Stations Bell Mobility (Radio) Kenwood Electronics Canada Inc Motorola Sinclair Technologies Inc Symbol Technologies Canada ULC

Communications Consultant Alcom Enterprises Inc Armor Data Inc Bell Mobility (Radio) C-Cure Associates Jane’s Information Group Pentax Technologies Plant Equipment Inc Rescom Sales Inc RYCOM Inc Zix Corporation

Communications Hand Held

Ascot Uniforms & Regalia Ltd Stratton Hats Inc

Aether Systems Inc Alcom Enterprises Inc

Austech Development Inc Bell Mobility (Radio) Miad Systems Ltd Northwest Police Store Digital Dispatch System Inc GiveMePower Corp Globalstar Canada Kenwood Electronics Canada Inc Klein Electronics Motorola Net Cyclops Inc Northrop Grumman PSI Panasonic Canada Inc Rescom Sales Inc Rugged Notebooks Survival Supply Canada Inc Symbol Technologies Canada ULC Telex Communications Inc TV Equipment Associates Twitco Distributing Uniden America Corp xwave

Communications Mobile Alcom Enterprises Inc Aether Systems Inc Amrel Systems LLC Armor Data Inc Bell Mobility (Radio) Northwest Police Store Cross Match Technologies Inc Data911 Dataradio DCC Dialogic Communications Corp Digital Dispatch System Inc EMS Technologies Flight Suits Gamber – Johnson LLC Globalstar Canada HGI Wireless Inc Kenwood Electronics Canada Inc Keystone Information Systems Inc Kontron Mobile Computing Inc L&E Mobile Computers & Mounts Palomar Display Products Pentax Technologies Phantom Electron Corp Miad Systems Ltd Mobile Concepts by Scotty Motorola New Eagle Northern Airborne Technology Ltd Northrop Grumman PSI Open Software Solutions Inc Panasonic Canada Inc Radio IP Software Inc Rescom Sales Inc Rugged Notebooks Special Electronics & Designs Sinclair Technologies Inc Symbol Technologies Canada ULC Telex Communications Inc TruckVault Twitco Distributing Uniden America Corp Versaterm Inc Wescam xwave

PRODUCT LISTINGS

Community Programs / Courses

Cognitech Inc Combix Corporation Sense Holdings Inc SmartDraw.com ComnetiX Computer Systems Inc Concorde Informatics Ltd CPAL Crime Prevention Analysis Lab Crimestar Corporation CriSys Limited Detection K-9 of America LLC Dictaphone Canada Digital Descriptor Systems Inc Dynamaps Corporation E-Certify Eden K9 Group Enhanced Audio Inc Enterpol/Huber & Associates ESRI CANADA Canada Forensic Technology Geac Public Safety GiveMePower Corp Gould Publications Inc i2 Inc Imageware Systems Imagis Technologies Inc Immediate Solutions Institute of Police Technology & Mgmt Intelligent Computer Solutions Intellitactics Inc In-Time Solutions ISYS/Odyssey Development John E Reid & Associates Kanotech Information Systems Keystone Information Systems Inc Law Enforcement Technologies Mentalix Inc MicroSurvey Software Inc Navitrak International Corp NEC Technologies Inc Net Cyclops Inc Niche Technology Inc Northern Computer Solutions Northrop Grumman PSI Our Software Ltd Paragon Imaging PEC Solutions, Viking Division Phoenix USA Inc Plant Equipment Inc PowerLOC Technologies Inc PPM 2000 Inc Radio IP Software Inc Reverse 911 Sabre Services Inc Schedule Soft Corp SecureAssess Secureops SecureTrac Corporation Sirchie Finger Print Laboritories Supergravity Inc Symposium Technologies The PERCS Index Inc Tech Assist Inc Terrier Technologies Ltd TriTech Software Systems Versaterm Inc Visitor Management Inc V-One Corporation VS Visual Statement Inc WinMagic Data Security Zix Corporation

Justice Institute of BC

Computer - Accessories AOI Electrical Inc BLI International Havis Shields Equipment Corp Jotto Desk Miad Systems Ltd Net Cyclops Inc Praeda Management Systems Pro-Gard Police Products Saafnet Canada Inc WinMagic Data Security Zix Corporation

Computer - Consultant Praeda Management System

Computer - Dispatching ATS Asset Tracking Services AVeL-TECH Inc Cardinal Tracking Inc Combix Corporation Crimestar Corporation CriSys Limited Digital Dispatch System Inc Enterpol/Huber & Associates Geac Public Safety In-Time Solutions Inc Kenwood Electronics Canada Inc Keystone Information Systems Inc Midian Electronics Motorola Northrop Grumman PSI Open Software Solutions Inc PEC Solutions, Viking Division Plant Equipment Inc PPM 2000 Inc Printrak A Motorola Company Rugged Notebooks Securetrac Corporation Symposium Technologies Tel Control Inc TriTech Software Systems Second Chance Body Armor Terrier Technologies Ltd Versaterm Inc xwave Zetron Inc

Computer - Hardware Amrel Systems LLC AOI Electrical Inc Cardinal Tracking Inc Coban Research & Technologies Concorde Informatics Ltd Chrysalis-ITS Forensic Technology Immediate Solutions Keystone Information Systems Inc L&E Mobile Computers & Mounts Kontron Mobile Computing Inc Miad Systems Ltd NEC Technologies Inc Net Cyclops Inc Palomar Display Products

February 2003

Pentax Technologies PowerLOC Technologies Inc Praeda Management Systems Reverse 911 Rugged Notebooks Saafnet Canada Inc Symbol Technologies Canada ULC TriTech Software Systems V-One Corporation

Computer - Records Accident Support Services Intl Aquila Software Austech Development Inc Blue Xpertise Inc Cardinal Tracking Inc Concorde Informatics Ltd Crimestar Corporation CriSys Limited DCC Dialogic Communications Corp Digital Descriptor Systems Inc Dynamaps Corporation Enterpol/Huber & Associates Fischer Consulting Inc Geac Public Safety Keystone Information Systems Inc Open Software Solutions Inc PEC Solutions, Viking Division Printrak A Motorola Company Motorola Niche Technology Inc Reverse 911 Tel Control Inc Terrier Technologies Ltd TriTech Software Systems Versaterm Inc

Computer - Security Absolute Software Cogent Systems Inc Fischer Consulting Inc Intellitactics Inc Micro Snitch NEC Technologies Inc Nissetowa Identification Systems

Computer - Software 4th Watch Systems Inc Absolute Software Aether Systems Inc Aquila Software Atlas Business Solutions Austech Development Inc Armor Data Inc ATS Asset Tracking Services BAJAI Inc Blue Xpertise Inc Business Watch International Canada Law Book Cavio Corporation CDG Inc Chrysalis-ITS CID Base

Computer - Training 4th Watch Systems Inc BCIT Forensic Science Technology CDG Inc Concorde Informatics Ltd Dynamaps Corporation eConcordia Industrial Training & Design Ltd In-Time Solutions Inc John E Reid & Associates Net Cyclops Inc Praeda Management Systems Inc Royal Roads University SecureAssess Segura Solutions Inc

Counterfeit & Detections Adlertech International Inc Corporate Security Supply Ltd Identification Technologies SecuriSource Inc

Crime Analysis 4th Watch Systems Inc CPAL Crime Prevention Analysis Lab

Crime Prevention Business Watch International CPAL Crime Prevention Analysis Lab Justice Institute of BC

Crime Scene Reconstruction Forensic Analytical GiveMePower Corp Laser Technology Inc MicroSurvey Software Inc SmartDraw.com VS Visual Statement Inc

Database Services & Support COGNICASE Database Services Recovery Force Inc

Defensive Tactics Training Advanced Interactive Systems Alasdair Cook & Associates Benchmade Knife Co Blauer Tactical Systems Boa Handcuff Company Defense Technology / Federal Lab Heckler & Koch Inc Modern Warrior Defensive Tactics Pads Fitness Supplies Redman Training Gear Smith & Wesson Corp The Galan Conflict Management Group The Shooting Edge

Defibrillators Laerdal Medical Canada Ltd Medtronic Physio Control Philips Medical Systems Canada

PRODUCT LISTINGS

Digital Video & Imaging Alista Ltd Applied Integration Corporation Arius3D Ascendent Technology Group Inc Betatron Bock Optronics Inc Canon Canada Inc Coban Research & Technologies Cruisers Inc GE Interlogix Kalatel Division Henry’s Intercon Security Ltd MPH Industries Inc Nikon Canada Inc Pentax Technologies Phantom Electron Corp Security Products International Wescam Inc

Dog Training & Supplies Baden K-9 Detection K-9 of America LLC Eden K9 Group Havis Shields Equipment Corp K9 Storm Inc Protection Development International

DNA Testing Service BCIT Forensic Science Technology Forensic Analytical

Driver Training Smith System Driver Improvement Inc

Emblems & Decals

Safetec of America Inc Tri-Tech Inc Tufloc by Esmet

Artcal Graphics CopSeek.com Dalgas Enterprises Inc

Exercise Equipment & Clothing Dotmar Athletics Interactive Safety Products Inc Mawashi Inc Sage Data Solution

Eurotex North America Inc HWC Police Equipment Muir Cap & Regalia Ltd Strath Craft Ltd Turbo Images Unitex Direct

Eye, Ear & Skin Protection Dyplex Communications Ltd Gentex International Ltd Hatch Corp Howard Leight Hearing Protection Interactive Safety Products Inc Lab Safety Supply Inc Mae Group International Inc Peltor Communication Remington Arms Co Inc Solutia Stratton Hats Inc

Employer Support Applicant Testing Service Canadian Forces Liaison Council I/O Solutions Inc

Evidence/Exhibit Storage Accident Support Services Intl Corporate Security Supply Ltd Crimestar Corporation DSM Law Enforcement Products Life Safety Systems Lightning Powder Co Percs Index Inc Thales Contact Solutions TruckVault

Fabric Manufacturer Honeywell Teijin Twaron USA Inc

Fibrescopes – Inspection Equipment Optim Inc

For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

February 2003

Financial Services Controlled Access Systems

Firearms - Training Advanced Interactive Systems Airmunition North America Alasdair Cook & Associates Beamhit LLC Beretta USA Corp CAPS Inc Caswell International Inc Diemaco F.A.T.S. Inc Fobus USA Glock Inc Goncz Hi-Tech Heckler & Koch Inc International Cartridge Corporation Mancom Manufacturing Inc MK Ballistic Systems Pads Fitness Supplies Police Ordnance Co Inc Range Systems Rec-T-Fire Savage Range Systems Sig Arms Inc Simunition Slugmaster Telum Corporation

PRODUCT LISTINGS

Firearms - Simulation Training

Airmunition North America Beamhit LLC CAPS Inc F.A.T.S. Inc IBD Products Range Systems Redman Training Gear Sig Arms Inc Simunition

Flame/Chemical Protective Clothing Dupont Canada Gentex International Ltd

Flares GWH Venture Development

Fleet Graphics Bowmonk Canada Inc Mobile LED Canada Odyssey Automotive Specialty Turbo Images

Fleet Restoration Emergency Vehicle Restoration

Food – Emergency Survival Supply Canada Inc

Forcible Entry Tools Code 4 Fire & Rescue Inc Fenrir Industries Inc

Forensic Aids & Investigations BAJAI Inc BCIT Forensic Science Technology B H Harris Consulting Cogent Systems Inc Cognitech Inc Enhanced Audio Inc Forensic Analytical Forensic Technology Guidance Software Inc Ion Track Instruments LECOR Technologies LLC Life Safety Systems MicroSurvey Software Inc Sirchie Finger Print Laboratories Sprinco USA VS Visual Statement Inc

February 2003

Forensic Services & Equipment

Digital Dispatch System Inc ESRI CANADA Canada HGI Wireless Inc Kontron Mobile Computing Inc Maritime Services Police & Fire Navitrak International Corp NavLynx Technologies PowerLOC Technologies Inc

BCIT Forensic Science Technology Bock Optronics Inc Bowmonk Canada Inc Cogent Systems Inc Criminalistics Cross Match Technologies Inc DaimlerChrysler Canada Fleet DBA Systems Inc A Titan Company Department Services Digital Descriptor Systems Inc DSM Law Enforcement Products Forensic Analytical Guidance Software Inc Identification Technologies Intelligent Computer Solutions Ion-Trace Inc Law Enforcement Technologies Life Safety Systems Lightning Powder Co Lunar Lite Inc Nikon Canada Inc Paragon Imaging Polaroid Canada Inc P W Allen & Co Ltd Recovery Force Inc Savage Range Systems Sensors & Software Inc Sirchie Finger Print Laboratories Sokkia Corporation Tech Assist Inc Tri-Tech Inc Unifold Shelters Ltd

Racom Products Inc RadioTrac Inc SecureTrac Corporation Sokkia Corporation Symposium Technologies Trimble

Gloves

General Police Supply 911 Supply Adlertech International Inc American Handcuff Company ATD – American Co Atlantic Police & Security Supply BAJAI Inc Benchmade Knife Co Boa Handcuff Company K9 Storm Inc KEYper Systems Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Shryock Communications Inc Lloyd Libke Police Sales LSH Lights L&R Manufacturing Co Mega Tech Michaels of Oregon Co Nelson Thomson Learning Police Pro Inc Premier Crown Corporation Pro-Tech Equipment Raine Inc R Nicholls Distributors Inc Tactical Advantage Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc Viking Metals & Marine Supplies Visibility Systems Co

Global Positioning Systems ATS Asset Tracking Services Coban Research & Technologies Combix Corporation

Blauer Manufacturing Co Dupont Canada Genesport Industries Hatch Corp HWC Police Equipment Michaels of Oregon Co Microflex Corporation Muir Cap & Regalia Ltd Mega Tech MultiTrek Safety & Rescue Training & Equipment Safetec of America Inc TurtleSkin Gloves Uncle Mike’s Law Enforcement Unitex Direct Viking Metals & Marine Supplies W L Gore & Associates

Gun Locks Fenrir Industries Inc

Gunsmithing

Hats & Head Protection AOI Electrical Inc Armor Safety Products Co Bancroft Cap Company Bell Pro Police Products Biltmore Corporation Blauer Manufacturing Co Emblem Enterprises Inc Genesport Industries Gentex International Inc Hatch Corp Helmet House Interactive Safety Products Inc MSA Canada Muir Cap & Regalia Ltd MultiTrek Safety & Rescue Training & Equipment

Premier Crown Corporation Protech Second Chance Body Armor Stratton Hats Unitex Direct

Hazardous Material Handling Canadian Safety Equipment Draeger Canada Ltd Dupont Canada ISI – International Safety Instruments Jane’s Information Group KCS Kidd Cleaning Services Life Safety Systems Malley Industries Inc Mattman Specialty Vehicles Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Pacific Safety Products Safetec of America Inc Search Systems Inc Spectronics Corporation TurtleSkin Gloves Unifold Shelters Ltd

Headsets Peltor Communications Viking Metals & Military Supply

Helicopter & Equipment Bell Helicopter Broadcast Microwave Services Inc Canadian Helicopters Enstrom Helicopter Corp Eurocopter Canada Flight Suits MD Helicopters Inc Navitrak International Corp Northern Airborne Technology Robinson Helicopter Co Inc Schweizer Aircraft Corp Visibility Systems Co

Holsters & Accessories 911 Supply Beretta USA Corp Bianchi International Concealed Carry Systems Inc Department Services Glock Inc Gould & Goodrich Hellweg International Pty Ltd Hi-Tec Intervention Inc Fobus USA Klein Electronics Lloyd Libke Law Enforcement Sales Mae Group International Inc Michaels of Oregon Co MilArm Co Ltd Millennium Police Supply Phoenix USA Inc Pro-Tech Equipment Raine Inc Reliance Armor Systems Inc R Nicholls Distributors Inc Safariland Ltd Inc Shooting Systems Group Inc Streamlight Inc

PRODUCT LISTINGS

Tactical Advantage The Dehnher Co Uncle Mike’s Law Enforcement

Inert Explosive Training Aids Gator Hawk Armor Inc Ion Track Instruments Paragon Imaging

Flight Suits FLIR Systems Ltd Ino Instrument Technology Inc ITS Canada ITT Industries Night Vision Laser Technology Inc Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Life Safety Systems Luminox Watches Maritime Services Police & Fire Newcon Optik Mobile LED Canada P W Allen & Co Ltd Search Systems Inc Surefire The Current Corporation Torfino Enterprises Inc Underwater Kinetics Canada XS Sight Systems

Pelican Products Canada Inc Pittco Inc PolyBrite Internationl Inc Sound Off Inc Star Warning Systems Streamlight Inc Surefire The Optikon Corporation Ltd Visibility Systems Co V-Sec Systems Whelen Engineering

Loading & Unloading Stations Interception Verint Systems Canada Inc

Investigative Support Services Accident Support Services Intl B H Harris Consulting ComnetiX CPAL Crime Prevention Analysis Lab Dynamaps Corporation Forensic Technology Law Enforcement Technologies Recovery Force Inc Secureops SecureTrac Corporation VS Visual Statement Inc

Pacific Safety Products Range Systems Slugmaster

Marine Electronics Maritime Services Police & Fire Uniden America Corp

Office Equipment & Supply

Marine – Rigid Hull Inflatable Boats

ATD – American Co Bramic Creative Business Products Canon Canada Inc DaimlerChrysler Canada Fleet KEYper Systems Saafnet Canada Inc Panasonic Canada Inc Visual Planning Corp

Zodiac Hurricane Technologies Inc

Marine Supplies Textron Systems

Memo Books/Planners/ Holders

Optical Sight EoTech

Pagers Alcom Enterprises Inc

Pens CopSeek.com Matte Industries Inc Northwest Police Store SecuriSource Inc Strath Craft Ltd Triform Business Systems Ltd Visual Planning Corporation

Photo Identification Accident Support Services Intl Alvotech Systems Group ComnetiX Crimestar Corporation IDenticam Systems Canada Ltd Imageware Systems Imagis Technologies Inc Niche Technology Inc Nissetowa Identification Systems Polaroid Canada Inc Printrak A Motorola Company Sirchie Finger Print Laboratories Treck-Hall Ltd Visitor Management Inc Zebra Eltron Card Printers

IT Security Chrysalis-ITS Identix Incorporated Labcal Technologies

Jewellery CopSeek.com Luminox Watches Omnes ad Unum

Message Trailers Decatur Electronics Inc

Metal Detection L-3 Security & Detection Systems Metorex Security Products Inc

Motorcycles & Supplies Bell Pro Police Products Blue Max Lighting & Emergency Equip. Strath Craft Ltd

Knives & Accessories Spyderco Inc

Lights - Portable 911 Supply Able 2 Products Co Inc Alexander Battery AmeriGlo Northwest Police Store Department Services Goncz Hi-Tech Grace Industries Inc Havis Shields Equipment Corp LaserMax Inc LSH Lights Lunar Lite Inc Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc

February 2003

Canadian Kawasaki Motors Inc Fred Deeley Imports Ltd Havis Shields Equipment Corp Helmet House Klein Electronics LSH Lights Squad-Fitters Inc

Night Vision Equipment Alista Ltd Betatron EMX Inc Everest VIT Famous Trails Night Vision

For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

PRODUCT LISTINGS

Photography Canon Canada Inc Famous Trails Night Vision Henry’s Industrial Training & Design Ltd Lunar Lite Inc Polaroid Canada Inc SmartDraw.com Treck-Hall Ltd

Police Equipment R&D Canadian Police Research Centre Tactical Advantage

Promotional Items Pride in Service Identification Technologies Strath Craft Ltd Trilcor Industries

Publishers, Books, Printing Blue Line Magazine Canada Law Book Inc Carswell Emond Montgomery Publications Ltd Gould Publications Inc Institute of Police Technology & Mgmt Jane’s Information Group LexisNexis Butterworths Lightning Powder Co Thomson Nelson Publishing Terry Barker Triform Business Systems Ltd

Radar & Speed Equipment Atlantic Police & Security Supply AOI Electrical Inc davTECH Analytical Services (Canada) Decatur Electronics Inc Laser Technology Inc Mega Tech MPH Industries Inc Newcon Optik Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc PB Electronics Police Radar RU2 Systems Speed Measurement Labs Stalker Radar / Applied Concepts US Traffic Corporation

Range Supplies CAPS Inc Caswell International Inc Florida Bullet Howard Leight Hearing Protection L&E Mobile Computers & Mounts Range Systems Savage Range Systems Slugmaster The Shooting Edge

Refelective Letters Eurotex North America Inc

February 2003

Reports & Forms Design

Savage Range Systems Search Systems Inc Rescom Sales Inc Sokkia Corporation Solutia Special Electronics & Design Spike Camp Streamlight Inc Survival Supply Canada Inc Torfino Enterprises Inc Underwater Kinetics Canada Unifold Shelters Ltd Visibility Systems Co Zodiac Hurricane Technologies Inc

Blue Line Magazine Praeda Management Systems Triform Business Systems Ltd

Restraining Devices American Handcuff Company Boa Handcuff Company Corporate Security Supply Ltd Cruisers Inc Delmas Manufacturing Department Services Goncz Hi-Tech Hellweg International Pty Ltd HWC Police Equipment Monadnock Lifetime Products Inc NIK Public Safety Peerless Handcuff Company Pro-Gard Police Products Safe Restraints Inc Smith & Wesson Corp Tactical Advantage TraxMark Inc Zak Tools Inc

Safety Wear 3M Canada Company Helmet House Millennium Police Supply

Satellite Communications Globalstar Canada

Riot Control Fog Security Systems Inc

Schools / Institutions

Robotics

American Inst of Applied Science Athabasca University Baden K-9 BCIT Forensic Science Technology Customer Service Excellence Corp

EOD Performance Inc Everest VIT Inuktun Services Ltd

Safety & Rescue Equipment 3M Canada Company Able 2 Products Co, Inc Benchmade Knife Co BLI International Canadian Safety Equipment Dive-Medic First Aid & Rescue Draeger Canada Ltd Famous Trails Night Vision Frontline Tactical Products Goncz Hi-Tech Grace Industries Inc HWC Police Equipment Instant Armor Inc Integral Designs Iron Duck K9 Storm Inc Klein Electronics LSH Lights Lunar Lite Inc Mae Group International Inc Mawashi Inc Medtronic Physio Control Microflex Corporation MSA Canada MultiTrek Safety & Rescue Training & Equipment Ontario Drive & Gear / ARGO Pacific Safety Products PolyBrite Internationl Inc Prairie Geomatics Ltd Premier Crown Corporation Protective Apparel Corporation America Rescue Solutions International

Detection K-9 of America LLC eConcordia Fleming College HSS International Inc Institute of Police Technology Jane’s Information Group Lethbridge Community College Modern Warrior Defensive Tactics Niagara University Pearson Peacekeeping Centre Rotman School of Mgmt, U of T Royal Roads University SecureAssess Sig Arms Inc TeleCampous Torfino Enterprises Inc

Security Glass Protection ACE Security Laminates

Security - Identification Blue Xpertise Inc Cavio Corporation Chrysalis-ITS Cogent Systems Inc Controlled Access Systems Inc Corporate Security Supply Ltd Cross Match Technologies Inc Digital Descriptor Systems Inc E-Certify Eurotex North America Inc IDenticam Systems Canada Ltd Identification Technologies Identix Incorporated Imageware Systems Imagis Technologies Inc Intellitactics Inc IR Recognition Systems Iridian Technologies Labcal Technologies Mentalix Inc Printrak A Motorola Company RYCOM Inc Sabre Services Inc Sense Holdings Inc Sherlock Antitheft Marking Inc Visitor Management Inc

Security - Penal Institutions Ascendent Technology Group Inc Deister Electronics Inc Grace Industries Inc ITS Canada Redman Training Gear Protective Apparel Corporation America Sense Holdings Inc Senstar-Stellar Corp Torfino Enterprises Inc Trilcor Industries Visitor Management Inc

Security - Perimeter Bosik Consultants Ltd Bullet Guard Corp Controlled Access Systems Inc Delta Scientific FLIR Systems Inc ITS Canada Protech SecureAssess Secureops Senstar-Stellar Corp Unifold Shelters Ltd

Security - Training Search Equipment EOD Performance Inc

Security – Clothing Trilcor Industries

Advanced Interactive Systems Adlertech International Inc Alasdair Cook & Associates Beamhit LLC Blauer Tactical Systems CPI-Crisis Prevention Institute DaimlerChrysler Canada Fleet FLIR Systems Inc

PRODUCT LISTINGS

Florida Bullet Globe Risk Holdings Inc Heckler & Koch Inc John E Reid & Associates Justice Institute of BC Lethbridge Community College Mancom Manufacturing Inc Mirage Technologies Mondanock Lifetime Products Inc Pads Fitness Supplies SecureAssess Slugmaster The Galan Conflict Management Group The Shooting Edge Zix Corporation

Sirens & Emergency Lighting 911 EP Able 2 Products Co Inc Alerte Systems International American Signal Corp Blue Max Lighting & Emergency Equip. Crown North America Federal Signal Corp LSH Lights Malley Industries Inc Mega Tech Northern Airborne Technology Ltd Odyssey Automotive Specialty Pittco Inc Pro-tech Equipment Public Safety Equipment/Code 3 Signaflex Inc Sound Off Inc Squad-Fitters Inc Star Warning Systems Surefire Whelen Engineering

Surveillance Alista Ltd Ascendent Technology Group Inc Betatron Bock Optronics Inc Broadcast Microwave Services Inc CCS International Ltd Dyplex Communications Ltd EMX Inc Enstrom Helicopter Corp Everest VIT FLIR Systems Inc GE Interlogix Kalatel Division HGI Wireless Inc Instrument Technology Inc Intercon Security Ltd Inuktun Services Ltd ITS Canada ITS Consultants ITT Industries Night Vision Klein Electronics Lab Safety Supply Inc Leads Software Inc Mattman Specialty Vehicles Micro Video Products Navitrak International Corp NavLynx Technologies Nissetowa Identification Systems Odyssey Automotive

February 2003

Paragon Imaging P W Allen & Co Ltd Racom Products Inc Salient Manufacturing & Security Search Systems Inc Security Products International Sensors & Software Inc Shryock Communications Inc Special Electronics & Designs Tech Assist Inc Twitco Distributing VideoComm Technologies Wescam Inc

ISI International Safety Instruments ITT Industries Night Vision Laser Technology Inc Law Enforcement Technologies Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Mattman Specialty Vehicles Mawashi Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd Michaels of Oregon Co MSA Canada MultiTrek Safety & Rescue New Eagle Pads Fitness Supplies Peltor Communication Police Ordnance Co Inc Police Pro Inc Premier Crown Corporation Protech Protective Apparel Corporation America Protective Optics Inc Range Systems R Nicholls Distributors Inc Reliance Armor Systems Inc Rescue Phone Inc Rescue Solutions International Safariland Ltd Salient Manufacturing & Security Schmidt & Bender Inc Search Systems Inc Second Change Body Armor Inc Shooting Systems Group Inc Smith & Wesson

Surveillance - Under Vehicle Criminalistics ITS Canada

Switches and Control Systems Alvotech Systems Group BLI International Combix Corporation Crown North America GE Interlogix Kalatel Division Honeywell Ltd L&E Mobile Computers & Mounts Northern Airborne Technology Ltd Public Safety Equipment/Code 3 Signaflex Inc Sony Canada

Tactical Team Equipment Alpine Armoring Inc American Body Armor AmeriGlo Armor Safety Products Co Ascot Uniforms & Regalia Ltd ATD – American Co Barrett Firearms Mfg Inc Bell Pro Police Products Boa Handcuff Company Broadcast Microwave Services Inc Bock Optronics Inc Canadian Safety Equipment Colt Manufacturing Co Inc Defense Technology / Federal Lab EOD Performance Inc Everest VIT Express Sight Systems Fenrir Industries Inc Fog Security Systems Inc Frontline Tactical Products Gator Hawk Armor Inc Genesport Industries Gentex International Ltd Goncz Hi-Tech Hatch Corp Hellweg International Pty Ltd Howard Leight Hearing Protection K9 Storm Inc Kenwood Electronics Canada Inc IBD Products Instant Armor Inc Instrument Technology Inc Iron Duck

Spa Tactical Special Electronics & Designs Spike Camp Wilderness Safety Supply Surefire TACM III Inc Tactical Advantage Teijin Twaron Telex Communications Inc Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc The Current Corporation The Kop Shop The Shooting Edge Torfino Enterprises Inc Trijicon Inc Twitco Distributing Uncle Mike’s Law Enforcement Unifold Shelters Ltd US Armor Corporation Viking Metals & Marine Supplies Wolverine Supplies XS Sight Systems

Telescoping Masts: Lights & Antenna Dyplex Communications Ltd ITS Canada Salient Manufacturing & Security

Tire Deflation Devices LECOR Technologies LLC Stop Tech Ltd

PRODUCT LISTINGS

Training Aids & Services Advanced Interactive Systems Airmunition North America Applicant Testing Services Beamhit LLC Blauer Tactical Systems CAPS Inc Caswell International Inc CPI Crisis Prevention Institute Customer Service Excellence Corp Dalhousie University Detect Investigations Detection K-9 of America LLC Diemaco Fenrir Industries Inc Forensic Technology Globe Risk Holdings Inc Gould Publications Inc Redman Training Gear Industrial Training & Design Ltd International Cartridge Corporation John E Reid & Associates Laerdal Medical Canada Ltd Mancom Manufacturing Inc Medtronic Physio Control Mobile Concepts by Scotty Modern Warrior Defensive Tactics Monadnock Lifetime Products Inc MultiTrek Safety & Rescue Training & Equipment Nelson Thomson Learning Old Village Press Pearson Peacekeeping Redman Training Gear Savage Range Systems Securesearch Inc Smith System Driver Improvement Inc Thales Contact Solutions The Galan Conflict Management Group Visual Planning Corporation Winner International

Trauma Scene Cleaning Kidd Cleaning Services

Trauma Treatment Bellwood Health Services Inc

Uniforms & Accessories Alpine Joe Sportswear Ltd Ascot Uniforms & Regalia Ltd Atlantic Police & Security Supply Bancroft Cap Company Blauer Manufacturing Co Carleton Uniforms Inc Concealed Carry Systems Inc Emblem Enterprises Inc Eurotex North America Flight Suits Flying Cross by Fechheimer Fobus USA Gordon Contract Footwear Hellweg International Ltd Hi-Tec Intervention Integral Designs Lab Safety Supply Inc Law Enforcement Training & Supplies Martin & Levesque

February 2003

MilArm Co Ltd Muir Cap & Regalia Ltd

Sound Off Inc Textron Systems TraxMark Inc Stop Tech TruckVault Turbo Images VehiTech Whelen Engineering Winner International

Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc Outdoor Outfits Pro-Tech Equipment Raine Inc R Nicholls Distributors Inc Spike Camp Squad-Fitters Inc Stratton Hats Inc Streamlight Inc Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc The Kop Shop Thorlo Inc TurtleSkin Gloves Uniform Uniforms Unitex Direct Zak Tools Inc

Vehicles – Armoured General Motors Diesel Division Protection Development International

Vehicles - Off-Road Alpine Armoring Inc Bombardier Recreational Products Canadian Kawasaki Motors Inc Enstrom Helicopter Corp Ford Motor Co Ontario Drive & Gear / ARGO Redline Performance Products Textron Systems

Vehicles – Refit / Aids

Vehicles & Accessories

Emergency Vehicle Restoration Marcor Automotive Pro-Lift Service Inc VehiTech Whelen Engineering

911 EP AOI Electrical Inc BLI International Blue Max Lighting & Emergency Crown North America Cruisers Inc

Vehicles – Specialty Alpine Armoring Inc Bombardier Recreational Products Bowmonk Canada Inc Canadian Kawasaki Motors Inc DaimlerChrysler Canada Fleet Emergency Vehicle Restoration Ford Motor Co General Motors Diesel Malley Industries Inc Mattman Specialty Vehicles Mobile Concepts by Scotty OBS Inc Odyssey Automotive Specialty Ontario Drive & Gear / ARGO Redline Performance Products Sherlock Antitheft Marking Inc Sirchie Finger Print Laboratories Solutia Textron Systems Turbo Images US Traffic Corporation Weldexperts

Drive Cam Federal Signal Corp Ford Motor Co Gamber – Johnson LLC General Motors of Canada Havis Shields Equipment Corp Instant Armor Inc Jotto Desk KEYper Systems

Vehicle Tracking Equipment

Malley Industries Inc Mobile LED Canada Odyssey Automotive Specialty Pittco Inc Pro-Gard Police Products Pro-Lift Service Inc Public Safety Equipment/Code 3 Securitrim Inc Setina Manufacturing Co Inc Shryock Communications Inc SkidCar System Inc Signaflex Inc Solutia

ATS Asset Tracking Services AVeL-TECH Inc Boomerang Tracking Inc Bowmonk Canada Inc CCS International Ltd Combix Corporation Digital Dispatch System Inc Drive Cam HGI Wireless Inc ITS Consultants KEYper Systems

NavLynx Technologies PowerLOC Technologies Inc Prairie Geomatics Ltd Racom Products Inc RadioTrac Inc SecureTrac Corporation The Current Sales Corporation LSH Lights EMS Technologies

Vessels & Accessories Redline Performance Products Whelen Engineering Zebec Canada Zodiac Hurricane Technologies Inc

Video – Equipment & Training Blauer Tactical Systems CPI Crisis Prevention Institute Detect Investigations F.A.T.S. Inc Fujinon IBD Products Industrial Training & Design Ltd John E Reid & Associates LiveLink Training Network Modern Warrior Defensive Tactics Special Electronics & Designs

Video - Mobile & Surveillance Alpha Controls Inc Applied Integration Corporation Bock Optronics Inc Broadcast Microwave Services Inc CCS International Ltd Coban Research & Technologies Cruisers Inc davTECH Analytical Services (Canada) Decatur Electronics Inc Drive Cam Dyplex Communications Ltd EMX Inc Everest VIT Famous Trails Night Vision GE Interlogix Kalatel Division Ino Instrument Technology Inc Inuktun Services Ltd ITS Consultants Micro Video Products MPH Industries Inc Panasonic Canada Inc Phantom Electron Corp Salient Manufacturing & Security Security Products International Shryock Communications Inc Sony Canada Special Electronics & Designs VideoComm Technologies V-Sec systems Wescam Inc

VIP Protection Alasdair Cook & Associates Fobus USA Fog Security Systems Inc

PRODUCT LISTINGS

HSS International Inc Instant Armor Inc Intercon Security Ltd ITT Industries Night Vision Mirage Technologies

Voice Logging Systems American Signal Corp Diaphonics Inc Dictaphone Canada Inc CCS International Ltd CVDS Midian Electronics Security Products International Thales Contact Solutions Windows to Technology Ltd

Weapons & Accessories Advanced Technology Gunstocks Alista Ltd AmeriGlo Benchmade Knife Co Beretta USA Corp Break-Free Inc Bushmaster Firearms Inc Colt’s Mfg Co Inc Concealed Carry Systems Inc Diemaco DSM Law Enforcement Products Express Sight Systems

Weapons - Maintenance

Glock Inc Heckler & Koch Inc North Sylva Co Laser Devices Inc LaserMax Inc L&R Manufacturing Co Michaels of Oregon Co MilArm Co Ltd MilCun Marksmanship Complex Olympic Arms Inc Otis Technology Inc Police Ordnance Co Inc Prairie Gun Works Rec-T-Fire R Nicholls Distributors Inc Remington Arms Co Inc Savage Range Systems Schmidt & Bender Sig Arms Inc Smith & Wesson Sprinco USA Sturm Ruger & Co Inc Surefire TACM III Inc Telum Corporation Tetragon Tasse Distributors Inc The Shooting Edge Trijicon Inc Wolverine Supplies XS Sight Systems

Beretta USA Corp Break-Free Inc Diemaco Kleen-Bore Inc L&R Manufacturing Co Otis Technology Inc Para-Ordnance Manufacturing Inc Prairie Gun Works Sprinco USA

The Shooting Edge Uncle Mike’s Law Enforcement

Weapons - Non-Lethal Airmunition North America Beretta USA Corp Defense Technology / Federal Lab Fog Security Systems Inc Globe Risk Holdings IBD Products LaserMax Inc MD Charlton Co Ltd MK Ballistic Systems

For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

February 2003

Security Equipment Corporation Simunition Spyderco Inc TACM III Inc Taser International The Shooting Edge Winner International Zarc International Inc

Weapons - Security Concealed Carry Systems Inc DaimlerChrysler Canada Fleet DSM Law Enforcement Products Fobus USA Globe Risk Holdings Jane’s Information Group LaserMax Inc Para-Ordnance Manufacturing Inc Phoenix USA Inc Pro-Gard Police Products Sturm Ruger & Co Inc TruckVault Tufloc Mfg by Esmet Zarc International Inc

For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

PRODUCT LISTINGS

Weapons - Suppressors Canadian Tactical Ltd

Weapons - Training Airmunition North America Alasdair Cook & Associates Beamhit LLC CAPS Inc Caswell International Corp F.A.T.S. Inc Globe Risk Holdings Glock Inc Heckler & Koch Inc HSS International Inc International Cartridge Corporation LaserMax Inc Mancom Manufacturing Inc MilCun Marksmanship Complex Pads Fitness Supplies Police Ordnance Co Inc Sig Arms Inc Simunition Slugmaster Telum Corporation Zarc International Inc

Panasonic Canada Inc Peltor Communication PowerLOC Technologies Inc Radio IP Software Inc Rescom Sales Inc Saafnet Canada Inc Shryock Communications Inc Sierra Wireless Inc Symbol Technologies Canada Symposium Technologies Telex Communications Inc LSH Lights

AML Wireless Networks Amrel Systems LLC Armor Data Inc Austech Development Inc Bell Mobility (Radio) Cardinal Tracking Inc CCS International Ltd Coban Research & Technologies Dataradio Dyplex Communicaetions Ltd EMS Technologies Globalstar Canada Grace Industries Inc HGI Wireless Inc Immediate Solutions Kenwood Electronics Canada Inc Kontron Mobile Computing Inc L&E Mobile Computers & Mounts Mancom Manufacturing Inc Miad Systems Ltd Micro Video Products NavLynx Technologies Northern Communications

Wireless Communications Aether Systems Inc American Signal Corp

For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

February 2003

TriTech Software Systems TurtleSkin Gloves VideoComm Technologies Wescam Inc xwave Zetron Inc

X-Ray Security & Information L-3 Security & Detection Systems Securesearch Inc

CORPORATE LISTINGS

Bold faced listings denote advertisers in this issue. Go to page 78 for more details. 3M Canada Company PO Box 5757 Station B London ON N6A 4T1 800 265-1840 Fax 519-452-6245

Alerte Systems International 243 South Madison Ave Loveland CO 80537 800 728-1536 Fax 800 635-1536

AOI Electrical Inc PO box 1827 Keller TX 76244 888 903-5073 Fax 817 337-5073

Austech Development Inc 703 Evans Ave Ste 107 Toronto ON M9C 5E9 416 621-5151 Fax 416 621-4668

4th Watch Systems Inc 2 Lansing Square Toronto ON M2J 4P8 416 484-6608 Fax 416 484-8849

Alexander Battery 145 Spruce St Ottawa ON K1R 6P1 613 230-7117 Fax 613 230-7819

Applicant Testing Service 540 Clarke Road Unit 14 London ON N5V 2C7 800 429-7728 Fax 519 659-8757

AutoVu Technologies Inc 415 – 300 St Sacrement Montreal QC H2Y 1X4 514 843-5212 Fax 514 843 5272

911 EP 4657 Heatherwood Road St Cloud MN 56301 800 863-6911 Fax 800 863-2991

Alista Ltd 250 Harding Blvd W Richmond Hill ON L4C 3S9 416 271 3344 Fax 416 730-0270

Applied Integration Corporation 3930 West New York Drive Tucson AZ 85745 520 743-3095 Fax 520 623-1683

AVeL-TECH Inc 2525 Daniel-Johnson Blvd Ste 300 Laval QC H7T 1S9 450 682-6262 Fax 450 682-8117

911 Supply 4238A Manhattan Road SE Calgary AB T2G 4B1 403 287-1911 Fax 403 287-9740

Almex Ltd 3853 Trelawny Circle Mississauga ON L5N 6S4 905 785-0855 Fax 905 785-2811

Aquila Software PO Box 540207 Lake Worth FL 33450-0207 800 773-5238 Fax 561 439-5409

Alpha Controls Inc PO Box 11907 Huntsville AL 35814 800 599-6062 Fax 256 837-1668

Arius3D 755 The Queesway East Unit 20 Mississauga ON L4Y 4C5 905 281-5242 Fax 905 270-6888

Alpine Armoring Inc 503 Carlisle Dr Herndon VA 20170 703 471-0002 Fax 703 471-0202

ArmaLite Inc PO Box 299 Geneseo IL 61254 309 944-6939 Fax 309 944-6949

Alpine Joe Sportswear Ltd 1859 Franklin St Vancouver BC V5L 1P9 800 229-3288 Fax 604 251-2246

Armor Data Inc 27 – 1300 King St E Ste 266 Oshawa ON L1H 8J4 905 723-7333 Fax 905 723-7331

Ace Security Laminates 200 Isabella Unit 500 Ottawa ON K1S 1V7 888 607-0000 Fax 613 237-1774

Alvotech Systems Group 150 Britannia Rd E Unit 8 Mississauga ON L4Z 2A4 416 410-4283 Fax 416 657-2670

Armor Safety Products Co 18836 International Parkway Jacksonville FL 32218 866 700-4192 Fax 866 780-6171

Accident Support Services Ltd 111 Toryork Drive Weston ON M9L 1X9 416 745-3301 Fax 416 745-5555

American Body Armor 3120 E Mission Blvd Ontario CA 91761 800 347-1200 Fax 909 923-7400

Artcal Graphics & Screenprinting 779 Industrial Rd London ON N5V 3N5 519 453-6010 Fax 519 453-3617

Adlertech International Inc 1235 Bay St Ste 1000 Toronto ON M5R 3K4 416 961-8330 Fax 416 961-3890

American Handcuff Company PO Box 1009 Fond du Lac WI 54936-1009 920 921-9110 Fax 920 921-7028

Ascot Uniforms & Regalia Ltd 2 – 1333 Thornton Road S Oshawa ON L1J 8M8 905 728-4207 Fax 905 728-8089

BCIT Forensic Science Technology 3700 Willingdon Ave Burnaby BC V5G 3H2 604 451-7178 Fax 604 431-4516

Advanced Interactive Systems 565 Andover Pk W Ste 201 Seattle WA 98188 800 441-4487

American Institute of Applied Science 100 Hunter Place Youngsville NC 27596 919 554-2500 Fax 919 556-6784

Ascendent Technology Group In 930 Baker St Cranbrook BC V1C 1A5 250 426-8100 Fax 250 426-8170

Beamhit LLC 10220 Old Columbia Rd Columbia MD 21046 410 309-1500 Fax 410 309-1506

Advanced Technology Gunstocks 102 Fieldview Dr Versailles KY 40383 800 925-2522 Fax 859 873-6229

American Signal Corp 4801 W Woolworth Ave Milwaukee WI 53218 414 358-8000 Fax 414 358-8008

ATD – American Co 135 Greenwood Ave Wyncote PA 19095 800 ATD-JAIL Fax 215 576-1827

Bell Helicopter 12,800 rue de l’Avenir Mirabel PQ J7J 1R4 450 437-2763 Fax 450 437-2006

Aether Systems 300 Nickerson Rd Malboro MA 01752 800 400-6311 Fax 508 460-4099

AmeriGlo 5579b Chamblee Dunwoody Rd, Ste 214 Atlanta GA 30338 770 390-0554 Fax 770 390-9781

Athabasca University 1 University Drive Athabasca AB T9S 3A3 800 788-9041 Fax 780 675-6145

Bell Mobility 262 Britannia Road East Mississauga ON L4Z 1S6 905 890-0000 Fax 905 890-1949

Airmunition North America 7001 Peachtree Industrial Blvd Ste 116 Norcross GA 30092 678 602-4000 Fax 678 602-4001

AML Wireless Networks 260 Saulteaux Cres Winnipeg MB R3J 3T2 204 949-2400 Fax 204 949-5458

Atlantic Police & Security Supply 99 Rocky Lake Dr Unit 11 Bedford NS B4A 2T3 902 835-1819 Fax 902 835-2470

Bell Pro Police Products 2675 Industrial Drive Ste 102 Ogden UT 84401 877 876-5423 Fax 801 627-0746

Alasdair Cook & Associates 36 Edgehill Rise NW Calgary AB T3A 2C4 403 312-4882 Fax 403 374-0218

Amrel Systems LLC 11801 Goldring Rd Arcadia CA 91006 800 882-6735 Fax 626 303-6688

Atlas Business Solutions 3330 Fiechtner Drive SW Fargo ND 58103 701 235-5226 Fax 701 280-0842

Bellwood Health Services 1020 McNicoll Ave Scarborough ON M1W 2J6 926-926-926 Fax 416-495-7943

Alcom Enterprises Inc 5050 Dufferin St Ste 104 Downsview ON M3H 5T5 416 665-9799 Fax 416 665-2899

AntennaPlus 13199 North 101st Place Scottsdale AZ 85260 480 657-7354 Fax 480 657-0204

ATS Asset Tracking Services 800 – 444 5th Ave SW Calgary AB T2P 2T8 403 213-5577 Fax 403 262-7169

Benchmade Knife Co 300 Beavercreek Rd Oregon City OR 97045 503 655-6004 Fax 503 655-6223

A Able 2 Products Co, Inc 804 E Hwy 248 PO Box 543 Cassville MO 65625-0543 417 847-4791 Fax 417 847-2222 Absolute Software 304 - 1212 W Broadway Vancouver BC V6H 3V1 604 730-9851 Fax 604 730-2621

February 2003

Baden K-9 PO Box 106 Wellandport ON L0R 2J0 905 562 3095 Fax 905 562-4242 BAJAI Inc 1647 Bank St Ste A Ottawa ON K1V 7Z1 613 731-9069 Fax 613 731-9069 Bancroft Cap Co 1122 S Second St Cabot AR 72023 501 843-6561 Fax 501 843-7034 Barrett Firearms Mfg Inc PO Box 1077 Murfreesboro TN 37133 615 896 2938 Fax 615 896 7313 Bates Uniform Footwear 9341 Courtland Dr Rockford MI 49351 616 866-5500 Fax 616 866-5658

CORPORATE LISTINGS

Bold faced listings denote advertisers in this issue. Go to page 78 for more details. Beretta USA 17601 Beretta Drive Accokeek MD 20607 301 283-2191 Fax 301 283-0189

Bombardier Recreational Products 75 J A Bombardier St Sherbrooke QC J1L 1W3 819 566-3350 Fax 819 566-3377

Canadian Police Research Centre National Research Council Ottawa ON K1A 0R6 613 993-3737 Fax 613 954-1473

Ceramic Protection Corp 3905 – 32 St NE Calgary AB T1Y 7C1 403 250-0502 Fax 403 735-1001

Best Choice Collectibles 9 Bradwick Dr Concord ON L4K 2T4 800 306-7076 Fax 905 669-9756

Boomerang Tracking Inc 9280 boul de l’Acadie Montreal, PQ H4N 3C5 877 777-8722 Fax 888 234-8641

Canadian Safety Equipment 111 – 2465 Cawthra Road Mississauga ON L5A 3P2 800 265-0182 Fax 905 272-1866

Chrysalis ITS 1 Chrysalis Way Ottawa ON K2G 6P9 613 723-5077 Fax 613 723 5078

Betatron 4697 Bathurst St Toronto ON M2R 1W7 416 724 4426 Fax 416 352 5522

Bosik Consultants Ltd 5460 Old Mill Way Manotick ON K4M 1C1 613 998-3303 Fax 613 998-3084

Canadian Tactical Ltd PO Box 632 Station Main Calgary AB T2P 2K3 403 267-1805 Fax 403 699-0025

CID Base 63 Reiner Cres Wellesley ON N0B 2T0 519 656-9701

B H Harris Consulting & Research 140 King St West Gananoque ON K7G 2G4 613 382-3629

Bowmonk Canada Inc 15 – 6400 Millcreek Drive Ste 352 Mississauga ON L5N 3E7 905 858-9242 Fax 905 858-9291

Cannon’s RR 1 Williamsford ON N0H 2VO 519 794-9990 Fax 519 794-9990

CMI Inc 316 East 9th St Owensboro KY 42303 866 835-0699 Fax 270 685-6678

Bianchi International 27969 Jefferson Ave Temecula CA 92590 909 676-5621 Fax 909 676-6777

Bramic Creative Business Products 5205 Sideline 14 Claremont ON L1Y 1A1 905 649-2732 Fax 905 649-2734

Canon Canada Inc 6390 Dixie Rd Mississauga ON L5T 1P7 905 795-1111 Fax 905 795 2130

Coban Research & Technologies 2323 S Voss Ste 300 Houston TX 77057 713 271-7888 Fax 713 271-1638

Biltmore Corporation 139 Morris St Guelph ON N1H 6L7 519 836-2770 Fax 519 836-2774

Break-Free 13386 International Parkway Jacksonville FL 32218 904 485-1825 Fax 904 741-9996

CAPS Inc CP 312 Roxboro QC H8Y 3K4 514 696-8591 Fax 514 696-2348

Code 4 Fire & Rescue Inc 2359 Royal Windsor Dr Mississauga ON L5T 4S9 800 387-2286

Bioscrypt Inc 5450 Explorer Dr Ste 500 Mississauga ON L4W 5M1 905 624-7700 Fax 905 624-7742

Broadcast Microwave Services Inc 12367 Crosthwaite Circle Dock 10 Poway CA 92064 858 391-3050 Fax 858 391-3049

Cardinal Tracking Inc 3205 Justin Road Flower Mound TX 75028 800 285-3833 Fax 972 539-8914

Cogent Systems Inc 209 Fair Oaks Ave South Pasadena CA 91030 626 799-8090 Fax 626 799-8996

Blauer Manufacturing Co Inc 20 Aberdeen St Boston MA 02215 800 225-6715 Fax 617 536-6948

Bullet Guard Corp 3963 Commerce Dr West Sacramento CA 95691 800 233-5632 Fax 916 373-0208

Carleton Uniforms Inc 62 Bridge St Carleton Place ON K7C 2V3 800 363-1983 Fax 613 257-1212

Bushmaster Firearms Inc 999 Roosevelt Trail Windham ME 04062 800 998-7928 Fax 207 892-8068

Carruthers Shaw & Partners Ltd 200 - 2345 Yonge Street Toronto ON M4P 2E5 416 482-5002 Fax 416 482-5040

Business Watch International 6847 Rochdale Blvd. Regina SK S4X 2Z2 877 404-3368 Fax 306 543-5506

Carswell Thompson Publishing 2075 Kennedy Road Scarborough ON M4S 1B3 416 609-8000 Fax 416 298-5094

Blue Line Magazine Inc 12A-4981 Hwy 7 East Ste 254 Markham ON L4A 6A2 905 640-3048 Fax 905 640-7547

Cases Unlimited 670 Progress Unit 8 Toronto ON M1H 3A4 416 289-8340 Fax 416 289-8715

Blue Max Lighting & Emergency 406 17665 - 66A Ave Surrey BC V3S 2A7 604 574-4062 Fax 640 574-4055

Canada Law Book Inc 240 Edward Street Aurora ON L4G 3S9 905 841-6472 Fax 905 841-5085

Caswell International Inc 720 Industrial Dr Ste 113 Cary IL 60013 847 639-7474 Fax 847 639-7831

Blue Xpertise Inc 202 – 1050 W Cure-Poirier Blvd Longueuil QC J4K 2E4 450 670-6179 Fax 514 879-0707

Canadian Firearms Centre 284 Wellington St Ottawa ON K1A 0H8 613 946-1566 Fax 613 941-1991

Cavio Corporation 21 Water St Ste 501 Vancouver BC V6B 1A1 604 696-0633 Fax 604 696-0634

BMW (Canada) 920 Champlain Court Whitby ON L1N 6K9 905 683-1200 Fax 905 428-5446

Canadian Forces Liaison Council 101 Colonel By Drive Ottawa ON K1A 0K2 613 992-3284 Fax 613 996-1618

CCS International Ltd 145 Huguenot St New Rochelle NY 10801 914 654-8700 Fax 914 654-1302

BOA Handcuff Company 101 Commercial St Plainview NY 11803 516 576-0295 Fax 516 576-0100

Canadian Helicopters Ltd Ste 210 Island Shell Aerocentre Toronto ON M5v 1A1 416 203-9213 Fax 416 203-9214

C-Cure Associates 1137 Pinegrove Road Oakville ON L6L 2W3 905 844-6166 Fax 905 844-7533

Concorde Informatics ltd 39 Halifax Rd Brighouse West Yorkshire HD6 2AQ +44 (0)1484 405405 Fax +44 (0)1484 405400

Bock Optronics Inc 14 Steinway Blvd Unit 7 Etobicoke ON M9W 6M6 416 674-2804 Fax 416 674-1827

Canadian Kawasaki Motors Inc 25 Lesmill Rd Toronto ON M3B 2T3 416 445-7775 Fax 416 445-5389

CDG Inc 602 – 11 Ave SW Ste 304 Calgary AB T2R 1J8 800 298-1883

Constable Cigar Company RR 2 Grand Valley ON L0N 1G0 877 229-2247 Fax 519 928-2055

Blauer Tactical Systems PO Box 278 Montreal PQ H3W 2A8 514 482-1643 Fax 514 488-1698 BLI International 17939 Chatsworth Ave Granada CA 91344 818 363-5390 Fax 818 832-9431

February 2003

COGNICASE Database Services 1100 800 – 5th Ave SW Calgary AB T2P 3T6 403 237-6130 Fax 403 237-6135 Cognitech Inc 601 – 225 S Lake Ave Pasadena CA 91101 626 796-0326 Fax 626 796-7873 Colt’s Manufacturing Co Inc PO Box 1868 Hartford CT 06144 203 244-1410 Fax 203 244-1475 Combix Corporation 106 – 811 E Plano Parkway Plano TX 75074 972 422-1413 Fax 972 422-0132 CALEA Commission on Accreditation 320 - 10306 Eaton Place Fairfax VA 22030-2201 800 368-3757 Fax 703 591-2206 ComnetiX Computer Systems Inc 2872 Bristol Circle Ste 100 Oakville ON L6H 6G4 905 829-9988 Fax 905-829-1944 Concealed Carry Systems Inc 3801 North Scottsdale Rd Scottsdale AZ 85251 480 423-6848 Fax 480 423-9551

CORPORATE LISTINGS

Bold faced listings denote advertisers in this issue. Go to page 78 for more details.

Department Services 316 Fawn Ridge North Harrisburg PA 17110 717 540-3437 Fax 717 540-1610

Dynamaps Corporation 10352 Arbay Close Sidney BC V8L 4S2 250 514-1118 Fax 250 656-6350

Detect Investigations 1211 Gorham St Unit 9 Newmarket ON L3Y 7V1 416 253-1796 Fax 416 253-1796

Dyplex Communications Ltd Unit 7 107 Woodbine Downs Blvd Toronto ON M9W 6Y1 416 675-2002 Fax 416 675-1822

Detection K-9 of America LLC 3106 S Hwy 101 Bridgeport TX 76426-6152 940 683-8251 Fax 775 942-5126

Dalgas Enterprises Inc 1885 Briarcrook Cres Mississauga ON L4X 1X3 905 625-8061 Fax 905 625-4911

Diaphonics Inc 5595 Fenwick St Ste 313 Halifax NS B3H 4M2 902 446-3671 Fax 902 446-3662

Eden K9 Group 12894 63A Ave Surrey BC V3X 1S5 604 507-2962 Fax 604 501-6139

Dalhousie University 6100 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 3J5 902 494-6930 Fax 902 494-2598

Dictaphone Canada Ltd 2355 Skymark Ave Mississauga ON L4W 4Y6 800 403-4282 Fax 905 625-0225

EDS Law Enforcement 99 Banks St Ste 600 Ottawa ON K1P 6L2 613 236-9734 Fax 613 232-5182

Danner Shoe 18550 NE Riverside Parkway Portland OR 97230 503 251-1100 Fax 503 251-1119

Diemaco 1036 Wilson Ave Kitchener ON N2C 1J3 519 893-6840 Fax 519 893-3144

E-Certify 350 Burnhamthorpe Rd West Mississauga ON L5B 3J1 905 615-9800 Fax 905 615-8740

Data911 2021 Challenger Dr Alameda CA 94501 510 865-9100 Fax 510 865-9090

Digital Descriptor Systems Inc 2010-F Cabot Blvd West Langhorne PA 19047 215 752-0963 Fax 215 752-5910

eConcordia 1250 Guy Unit 803 Montreal QC H3H 2T4 514 848-2187 Fax 514 848-4543

DataRadio 6160 Peachtree Danwoody Rd Suite Atlanta GA 30328 770 392-0002 Fax 770 392-9199

Digital Dispatch System Inc 11920 Forge Place Richmond BC V7A 4V9 604 241-1441 Fax 604 241-1440

davTech Analytical Services 130 Industrial Ave Unit A Carleton Place ON K7C 3T2 613 253-7000 Fax 613 253-0023

Dive-Medic First Aid & Rescue Products 1320 Alberta Ave Saskatoon SK S7K 1R5 888 470-6620 Fax 306 664-3051

Emblem Enterprises Inc 6739 Variel Ave PO Box 10033 Van Nuys CA 91410-0033 800 444-5561 Fax 818 716-6272

Dotmar Athletics 2555 Dixie Rd Ste 9 Mississauga ON L4Y 4C4 905 272-3663 Fax 905 949-5609

Emond Montgomery Publications Ltd 60 Shaftesbury Ave Toronto ON M4T 1A3 416 975-3925 Fax 416 975-3924

DCC Dialogic Communications Corp 730 Cool Springs Blvd Ste 300 Franklin TN 37067 615 790-2882 Fax 615 790-1329

Draeger Canada Ltd 7555 Danbro Cr Mississauga ON L5N 6P9 905 821-8988 Fax 905 821-2565

EMS Technologies 1725 Woodward Dr Ottawa ON K2C 0P9 613 727-6277 Fax 613 727-1200

Decatur Electronics Inc 715 Bright St Decatur IL 62522 217 428-4315 Fax 517 428-5302

Drive Cam 9550 A Ridgehaven Crt San Diego CA 92123 858 430-4000 Fax 858 430-4001

EMX Inc PO Box 907 Windom TS 25492-0907 903 623-3402 Fax 903 623-4013

Defense Technology 1855 South Loop Rd Casper WY 82601 877 248-3835 Fax 877 984-8324

DSC Digital Security Controls ltd 3301 Langstaff Rd Concord ON L4K 4L2 888 888-7838 Fax 905 760-3040

Enhanced Audio Inc 3600 Board Rd York PA 17402 717 764-9240 Fax 717 764-9254

Deister Electronics Inc 1099 Kingston Rd Ste 212 Pickering ON L1V 1A1 905 837-5666 Fax 905 837 0777

DSM Law Enforcement Products 14 Robb Blvd Orangeville ON L9W 3L2 1 866 276-0445 Fax 519 941-4184

Enstrom Helicopter Corp 2209 22 nd St Nenominee MI 49858 906 863-1200 Fax 906 863-6821

Customer Service Excellence Corp 21 Four Seasons Place Ste 300 Toronto ON M9B 6J8 800 557-6832 Fax 416 622-7476

Delmas Manufacturing Box 500 Hwy 16 & Main Delmas SK S0M 0P0 306 445-5562 Fax 306 445-9842

DuPont Canada 7070 Mississauga Rd Mississauga ON L5M 2H3 905 821-5858 Fax 905 821-5177

Enterpol/ Huber Associates 1300 Edgewood Drive Jefferson City MO 65109 573 634-5000 Fax 573 634-5500

CVDS 2109 St-Regis Blvd Dollard-Des-Ormeaux PQ H9B 2M9 514-421-7404 Fax 514-421-3752

Delta Scientific 24901 West Ave Stanford Valencia CA 91355 661 257-1800 Fax 661 257-0617

Dunlop Architects Inc 477 Mount Pleasant Rd Ste 500 Toronto ON M4S 2L9 416 596-6666 Fax 416 596-7892

EOD Performance Inc 2-5459 Canotek Rd Gloucester ON K1J 9M3 613 747-3590 Fax 613 747-0723

Constable Todd Gray 6406 Sablewood Place Orleans ON K1C 7L7 613 841-7534 Controlled Access Systems Inc 355 Harry Walker Parkway N Unit 7 Newmarket ON L3Y 7B3 905 715-7976 Fax 905 895-0364 CopSeek.com Callingwood RPO Ste 78073 Edmonton AB T5T 6A1 780 486-4813 Fax 780 486-4813 Corporate Security Supply Unit D 891 Century St Winnipeg MB R3H 0M3 800 563-5566 Fax 204 989-1010 CPAL Crime Prevention Analysis Lab 270 – 8900 Nelson Way Burnaby BC V5A 4W9 604 294-2420 Fax 604 294-2470 CPI Crisis Prevention Institute 3315 K North 124th St Brookfield WI 53005 800 558-8976 Fax 262 783-5906 Crimestar Corporation PO Box 53435 San Jose CA 95153 408 362-1651 Fax 408 362-0852 Criminalistics Inc 1391 Main Ave Morton WA 98356 360 496-6363 Fax 360 496-6210 CriSys Limited 8901 Woodbine Ave Ste 110 Markham ON L3R 9Y4 905 474-9111 Fax 905 474-0536 CritiCal Personnel Selection Software 1321 Howe Ave Ste 250 Sacremento CA 95825 3937 916 563-6219 Fax 916 563-7557 Cross Match Technologies Inc 3960 RCA Blvd Ste 6001 Palm Beach Gardens FL 33410 561 622-1650 Fax 561 622-9938 Crown North America 210 Rexdale Blvd Etobicoke ON M9W 1R2 416 741-4601 Fax 416 741-9931 Cruisers Inc 988 Rickett Road Brighton MI 48116 810 229-0122 Fax 810 229-0124

February 2003

Dack’s Shoes Ltd 595 Trethewey Drive Toronto ON M6M 4C1 800 268-1433 Fax 416 241-5210 DaimlerChrysler Canada Inc 6500 Mississauga Road Mississauga ON L5N 1A8 800 463-3600 Fax 905 821-6019

DBA Systems Inc A Titan Co 1200 S Woody Burke Rd Box 550 Melbourne FL 32902 0550 321 727-0660 Fax 321 952-1689

Emergency Vehicle Restorations 725 Richmond Street Chatham ON N7M 5L3 519 352-6200 Fax 519 352-6284

CORPORATE LISTINGS

Bold faced listings denote advertisers in this issue. Go to page 78 for more details. Guidance Software Inc 572 E Green St #300 Pasadena CA 91107 626 229-9191 Fax 626 229-9199

EOTech 3600 Green Court Ann Arbor MI 48105 734 741-8868 Fax 734 741-8221

FLIR Systems Ltd 16505 SW 72nd Ave Portland OR 97224 503 684-3731 Fax 503 684-3207

General Motors Defense PO Box 5160 London ON N6A 4N5 519 452 5054 Fax 519 452 5488

ESRI Canada 49 Gervais Drive Don Mills ON M3C 1Y9 800 447-9778 Fax 416 441-6838

Florida Bullet PO Box 7497 Clearwater FL 33758 727 461-6081 Fax 727 441-4477

General Motors of Canada Ltd 1908 Colonel Sam Drive Oshawa ON L1H 8P7 905 644-1051

Eurocopter Canada Ltd PO Box 250 Fort Erie ON L2A 5M9 905 871-7772 Fax 905 871-3599

Flying Cross by Fechheimer 4545 Malsbary Road Cinncinati OH 45242 800 543-1939 Fax 888 793-5400

Genesport Industries Ltd 150 King St Montreal PQ H3C 2P3 800 361-6173 Fax 866 874-0708

Hartt Boot & Shoe Co 595 Trethewey Dr Toronto ON M6M 4G1 416 241-5216 Fax 416 241-5210

Eurotex North America Inc 2370 Midland Ave Toronto ON M1S 5C6 416 782-0100 Fax 416 782-8262

Fog Security Systems Inc 720 Forbes Road Winnipeg MB R2N 4B2 204 253-0388 Fax 204 257-2183

Gentex International Inc 837 Rowantree Cres Kingston ON K7P 1P6 613 384-5303 Fax 613 384-5303

Hatch Corporation 1600 Emerson Ave Oxnard CA 93033 800 767-1343 Fax 805 486-7133

Everest VIT 199 Hwy 206 Flanders NJ 07836 4500 973 448-0077 Fax 973 448-0044

Fobus USA 1300 B-3 Industrial Hwy Southampton PA 18966 215 355-2621 Fax 215 322-9223

GHW Venture Development 8 Cypress Pt Crt Thornhill ON 905-763-2291 Fax 905-764-6352

Havis-Shields Equipment Corp PO Box 2099 Warminster PA 18974 215 957-0720 Fax 215 957-0729

Evin Industries Inc 55 Mont-Royal Ave W Ste 301 Montreal PQ H2T 2S6 514 288-6233 Fax 514 287-1554

Ford Motor Co of Canada Ltd The Canadian Road Oakville ON L6J 5E4 905 845-2511 Fax 905 845 9591

GiveMePower Corp 5925 – 12 St SE Ste 230 Calgary AB T2H 3M3 403 287-6001 Fax 403 287-6002

H D Brown Enterprises Ltd 23 Beverly Street East St St George ON N0E 1N0 519 448-1381 Fax 519 448-3159

Express Sight Systems 2401 Lydelle St Ft Worth TX 76105 888 734-7939 Fax 817 556-3517

Forensic Analytical 3777 Depot Rd Ste 409 Hayward CA 94545 510 887-8828 Fax 510 887-4218

Globalstar Canada 75 Watline Ave Ste 140 Mississauga ON L4Z 3E5 905 712-6657 Fax 905 890-2175

Heckler & Koch Inc 21480 Pacific Blvd Fairfax VA 20166 703 450-1900 Fax 703 450-8160

Forensic Technology 5757 Cavendish Blvd 200 Cote St-Luc PQ H4W 2W8 888 984-4247 Fax 514 485-9336

Globe Risk Holdings Inc 20 Bay St Ste 1205 Toronto ON M5J 2N8 416 368-4118 Fax 416 214-2043

Hellweg International Pty Ltd PO Box 37 Washington MO 63090 800 450-1911 Fax 636 390-2977

Famous Trails Night Vision 10211 Pacific Mesa Blvd Ste 403 San Diego CA 92121 858 558-3400 Fax 858 558-7050

Fred Deeley Imports 830 Edgeley Blvd Concord ON L4K 4X1 613 660-9737 Fax 905 660-3372

Glock Inc 6000 Highlands Pkwy PO Box 369 Smyrna GA 30082 770 432-1202 Fax 770 433-8719

Helmet House 26855 Malibu Hills Rd Calabasas Hills CA 91301 818 880-0000 Fax 818 880-4550

F.A.T.S. 7340 McGiness Ferry Rd Suwanee GA 30024 770 813-0180 Fax 770 622-3501

Frontline Tactical Products 1320 Alberta Ave Saskatoon SK S7K 1R5 888 470-6620 Fax 306 664-3051

Goncz Hi-Tech 278 - 5619 Lankershim Blvd N Hollywood CA 91601 818 343-3007 Fax 818 343-3052

Henry’s 119 Church St Toronto ON M5C 2G5 416 868-0872 Fax 416 868-0243

Federal Cartridge Co 900 Ehlen Drive Anoka MN 55303 800 322-2342 Fax 800 344-2020

Fujinon Inc 10 Highpoint Dr Wayne NY 07470 973 633-5600 Fax 973 633-5216

Go Rhino 2097 Botavia Street Orange CA 92865 714 279-8300 Fax 714 273-8305

HGI Wireless Inc 334 Rowntree Dairy Rd Vaughan ON L4L 8H2 905 264-6220 Fax 905 264-1124

Federal Signal Corporation 2645 Federal Signal Dr University Park IL 60466 800 264 3578 Fax 800 682-8022

Gordon Contract Footwear 552 Queen St West Toronto ON M5V 2B5 416 504-5503 Fax 416 504-6818

Hi-Tec Intervention Inc 889 Marie-Victorin St-Nicolas QC G7A 3T3 888 709-4400 Fax 800 309-4779

Fenrir Industries Inc PO Box 2027 Stamford CT 06906-0027 205 977-0671 Fax 203 324 0907

Gamber – Johnson LLC 3001 Borham Ave Stevens Poin WI 54481 800 456-6868 Fax 715 344-8845

Gould & Goodrich Leather Inc 709E McNeil St Lillington NC 27546 910 893-2071 Fax 910 893-4742

Hi-Tec Sports (Canada) Ltd 326 Watline Ave Mississauga ON L4Z 1X2 905 568-1212 Fax 905 568-8448

Fischer Consulting Inc 1600 Airport Fwy Ste 378 Bedford TX 76022 817 399-0562 Fax 817 399-0568

Gator Hawk Armor Inc 1806 Goodyear Ave Ventura CA 93003 805 639-0841 Fax 805 639-0727

Gould Publications Inc 1333 North US Hwy 17-92 Longwood FL 32750-3724 407 695-9500 Fax 407 695-2906

Honeywell Ltd 155 Gordon Baker Rd Toronto ON M2H 3N7 416 399-4112 Fax 905 472-4919

Fleming College Brealey Drive Peterborough ON K9J 7B1 705 749-5539 Fax 705 749 5525

Geac Public Safety 5509 West Gray St Ste 100 Tampa FL 33609 813 207-6951 Fax 813 207-6941

Grace Industries Inc 645 Keith Lane Owines MD 20736 800 204-7277 Fax 410 286-2410

Honeywell 15801 Woods Edge Road Colonial Heights VA 23834 804 520 3573

Flight Suits 1675 Pioneer Way El Cajon CA 92020 800 748-6693 Fax 619 440-2700

GE Interlogix Kalatel Division 4575 Research Way Ste 250 Corvallis OR 97333 541 754-9133 Fax 541 754-7162

Groen Brothers Aviation Inc 2640 W California Ave Ste A Salt Lake City UT 84104-4593 801 973 0177 Fax 801 973 4027

HotCool Wear 310 Dupont St Toronto ON M5R 1V9 416 968-7252 Fax 416 968-2377

February 2003

CORPORATE LISTINGS

Bold faced listings denote advertisers in this issue. Go to page 78 for more details. Howard Leight Hearing Protection 7828 Waterville Rd San Diego CA 92173 619 661-8383 Fax 619 661-8393

Ingo Global Inc 57 Schaefer St Waterloo ON N2L 4C4 877 617-5481 Fax 519 884-0287

InvestigAide Software 457 Catherine St Ottawa ON K1R 5T7 613 563-3413 Fax 613 563-3438

John E Reid & Associates 250 S Walker Dr Ste 1200 Chicago IL 60606 312 876-1600 Fax 312 876-1743

HSS International Inc PO Box 50 #337 Lake Arrowhead CA 92352 909 336-4450 Fax 714 242-1312

Ino 2740 Einstein St Sainte-Foy GC G1P 4S4 418 657-7006 Fax 418 657-7009

I/O Solutions Inc 1127 S Mannheim Rd Westchester IL 60660 708 410-0200 Fax 708 410-1558

Jotto Desk 209 W Easy Rogers AR 72756 877 455-6886 Fax 479 936-8620

HTE Inc 1000 Business Center Dr Lake Mary FL 32746 800 727-8088 Fax 407 304-1005

Installations Inc 25257 W Eight Mile Rd Redford MI 48024 313 532-9000 Fax 313 532-0894

Ion-Trace Inc 5649 Concession 2 Stouffville ON L4A 7X4 905 640-0295 Fax 905 640-0297

Justice Institute of BC 715 McBride Blvd New Westminster BC V3L 5T4 604 525-5422 Fax 604 528-5518

Hutton Communications 24 The East Mall Unit 12 Etobicoke ON M8W 4W5 800 263-2323 Fax 800 265-9414

Instant Armor Inc 350 E Easy St Unit 1 Simi Valley CA 93065 805 526-3046 Fax 805 526-9213

Ion Track Instruments 205 Lowell St. Wilmington MA 01887 978 658-3767 Fax 978 657-5954

HWC Police Equipment 23 Denton Ave PO 796 New Hyde Park NY 11040 516 352-7400 Fax 516 352-7704

Institute of Police Tech & Mgmt 12000 Alumni Dr Jacksonville FL 32224-2678 904 620-4786 Fax 904 620-2453

IR Recognition Systems 1520 Dell Ave Campbell CA 95008 408 341-4100 Fax 408 341-4101

Instrument Technology Inc PO Box 381 Westfield MA 01086 413 562-3606 Fax 413 568-9809

IR Security & Safety 575 Birch St Forestville CN 06010 860 584-9158 Fax 860 584-2136

Integral Designs 5516 3rd St SE Calgary AB T2H 1J9 403 640-1445 Fax 403 640-1444

Iridian Technologies Inc 121 Whitendale Drive Ste B Morristown NJ 08057 856 222-9090 Fax 856 222-9020

Intellitactics Inc 305 King St W Ste 800 Kitchener ON N2G 1B9 519 743-0144 Fax 519 743-9558

Iron Duck 20 Veterans Drive Chicopee MA 01022 800 669-6900 Fax 800 757-8585

I i2 Inc 6551 Loisdale Court Suite 600 Springfield VA 22150 888 546-5242 Fax 703 921-0196 IBD Products 1090 W Edmundson Ave Morgan Hill CA 95037 877 507-5464 Fax 877 702-4432 IDenticam Systems Canada 30 Royal Crest Court Unit 11 Markham ON L3R 9W8 905 513-0373 Fax 905 513-0376 Identicator 13386 International Parkway Jacksonville FL 32218 904 485-1825 Fax 904 741-9996 Identification Technologies 185 – 1605 N W Sammamish Rd Issaquah WA 98027 888 287-8030 Fax 425 837-1770 Identix Incorporated 5600 Rowland Rd Minnetonka MN 5534304315 952 932-0888 Fax 952 932-7181 Imageware Systems 10883 Thornmint Rd San Diego Ca 92127 858 673-8600 Fax 858 673-1770 Imagis Technologies Inc 1027 Pandora Ave Victoria BC V8V 3P6 250 383-4201 Fax 250 383-4705 Immediate Solutions 777 Norquay Drive Winkler MB R6W 2S2 204 331-2350 Fax 204 325-8657 Industrial Training & Design Ltd 1320 Alberta Ave Saskatoon SK S7K 1R5 888 470-6620 Fax 306 664-3051 February 2003

ISI – International Safety Instruments 922 Hurricane Shoals Rd Lawrenceville GA 30043 770 962-2552 Fax 770 963-2797

Intercon Security 40 Sheppard Ave W Toronto ON M2N 6K9 416 229-6811 Fax 416 229-1207

ISYS/Odyssey Development 8775 E Orchard Rd Ste 811 Englewood CO 80111 303 689-9998 Fax 303 689-9997

Intelligent Computer Solutions 9350 Eton Ave Chatsworth CA 91311 818 998-5805 Fax 818 998-3190

ITI Instrument Technology Inc PO Box 381 Westfield MA 01086-0381 413 562-3606 Fax 413 568-9809

Interactive Safety Products Inc PO Box 3275 Mooresville NC 28031 704 664-7377 Fax 704 664-7316

K K9 Storm Inc 820 Kildonan Dr Winnipeg MB R2K 2E9 204 669-8199 Fax 204 668-2291 Kanotech Information Systems 17704 – 103 Ave NW Edmonton AB T5S 1J9 780 455-9197 Fax 780 452-4183 KCS Kidd Cleaning Services 2377 Hwy 2 Unit 120 Box 123 Bowmanville ON L1C 5E2 905 242-7411 Fax 905 623 6317 Kenwood Communications 6070 Kestrel Rd Mississauga ON L5T 1S8 905 670-7211 Fax 905 670-7248 KEYper Systems 6636D East Harris Blvd Charlotte NC 28215-5125 800 399-7888 Fax 704 566-9114 Keystone Information Systems Inc 1000 Lenola Rd Maple Shade NJ 08052 856 722-0700 Fax 856 234-5871

ITS Canada 800 Industrial Ave Unit 6 Ottawa ON K1G 4B8 613 521-7899 Fax 613 521-7990

Kleen-Bore Inc 16 Industrial Pkwy Easthampton MA 01027 413 527-0300 Fax 413 527-2522

ITS Consultants 2601 Matheson Blvd E Unit 201 Mississauga ON L4W 5A8 905 625-7610 Fax 905 625-8506

Klein Electronics 540 Opper St Escondido CA 92029 760 781-3220 Fax 760 781-3232

ITT Industries Night Vision 7671 Enon Dr Roanoke VA 24019 800 448-8678 Fax 540 362-4574

Kodak Canada Inc 3500 Eglinton Ave West Toronto ON M6M 1V3 416 766-8233 Fax 416 766-5814

Intoximeters Inc 8110 Lackland Road St Louis MO 63114 314 429-4000 Fax 314 429-4170

Kontron Mobile Computing Inc 7631 Anagram Dr Eden Prairie MN 55344 952 974-7000 Fax 952 949-2791

Inuktun Services Ltd 2569 Kenworth Rd Nanaimo BC V9T 3M4 250 729-8080 Fax 250 729-8077

Jane’s Information Group 1340 Braddock Place Suite 300 Alexandria VA 22314 703 683-3700 Fax 703 836-0297

Kustom Signals Inc 9325 Pflum Rd Lenexa KS 66215 913 452-1400 Fax 913 492-6330

Intercon Security Ltd 40 Sheppard Ave W Toronto ON M2N 6K9 416 227-4731 Fax 416 229-1207 International Cartridge Corporation RR #2 Box 211-A Reynoldsville PA 15851 814 938-6820 Fax 814 938-6821 In-Time Solutions 4165 Dawson St Ste 203 Burnaby BC V5C 4B3 877 603-2830 Fax 604 713-8588

CORPORATE LISTINGS

Bold faced listings denote advertisers in this issue. Go to page 78 for more details.

Leupold 103 Stockton Pt Box 490 Okotoks AB T1S 1A7 403 938-3255 Fax 403 938-2722

Marcor Automotive 516 Parkdale Ave N Hamilton ON L8H 5Y5 800 263-8621 Fax 800 461-1458

Michaels of Oregon Inc 1710 Red Soils Court Oregon City OR 97045 503 655-7964 Fax 503 655-7546

L-3 Security & Detection Systems 10 Commerce way Woburn MA 01801 781 939-3800 Fax 781 939-3993

LexisNexis Butterworths 75 Clegg road Markham ON L6G 1A1 905 479-2665 Fax 905 479-2826

Maritime Services Police & Fire 3440 Bridgeway St Vancouver BC V5K 1B6 604 294-4444 Fax 604 294-5879

Microflex Corporation PO Box 32000 Reno NV 89533-2000 800 876-6866 Fax 800 876-6632

Labcal Technologies 400 Jean-Lesage Blvd Ste 30 Quebec City PQ G1K 8W1 418 692-3137 Fax 418 692-1488

Life Safety Systems 317 – 343 Soquel Ave Santa Cruz CA 95062 831 728-9090 Fax 831 728-1964

Martin & Levesque 420 3rd Ave Park Industrial St Romuald PQ G6W 5M6 800 567-0068 Fax 418 839-5220

Micro Snitch Corp 552 Leighland Drive Waterloo ON N2T 2H3 800 611-5200 Fax 519 725-4837

Lightning Powder Co 13386 International Parkway Jacksonville FL 32218 904 485-1825 Fax 904 741-9996

Matte Industries Inc 4 Fortecon Drive Unit 1A Gormley ON L0H 1G0 888 772 2350 Fax 905-713-1690

Micro Survey Software Inc 110 – 2300 Carrington Rd Westbank BC V4T 2N6 800 668-3312 Fax 250 707-0150

LiveLink Training Network 40 College St 11th Floor Toronto ON M5G 2J3 416 808-4336 Fax 416 808-8182

Mattman Specialty Vehicles 1004 Rancheros San Marcos CA 92069 760 746-9516 Fax 760 746-9542

Micro Video Products One Mill Line Road Bobcaygeon ON K0M 1A0 705 738-1755 Fax 705 738-5484

Lloyd Libke law Enforcment Sales 19 Ingram Drive Toronto Ont M6M 2L7 416 242-4867 Fax 416 242-2829

Mawashi Inc 388 boul Cure-Labelle Laval QC H7V 2T9 450 682-4441 Fax 450 687-8979

Midian Electronics 2302 E 22nd St Tucson AZ 85713 520 884-7981 Fax 520 884-0422

L&R Manufacturing Co 577 Elm St Kearny NJ 07032 201 991-5330 Fax 201 991-5870

MD Charlton Co Ltd 2200 Keating X Rd Unit B Victoria BC V8M 2A6 250 652-5266 Fax 250 652-4700

MilArm Co Ltd 10769 99 St NW Edmonton AB T5H 4H6 780 894-7598

LSH Lights 15160 W Catalina Dr Goodyear AZ 85338 877 479-2838 Fax 561 431-2618

MD Helicopters Inc 4555 East McDowell Rd Mesa AZ 85215-9734 480 346-6300 Fax 480 346-6803

MilCun Marksmanship Complex 14 Burnt River Road Burnt River ON KOM 1CO 705 454 8306 Fax 705 454-8306

LumaChem Inc 8050 South 1300 West West Jordan UT 84088 888 944-8391 Fax 801 256-3322

Med-Eng Systems Inc 2400 St Laurent Blvd Ottawa ON K1G 6C4 613 739-9646 Fax 613 739-4536

Millennium Police Supply 4880 Ramseyville Road Ottawa ON K1G 3N4 613 795-2637 Fax 613 822-0482

Lunar Lite Inc 235 Canal St Shelton CT 06484 203 924-2755 Fax 203 924-2755

Medtronic Physio Control 6733 Kitimat Rd Mississauga ON L5N 1W3 800 268-5346 Fax 905 826-6620

Mirage Technologies PO Box 7497 Clearwater FL 33758 727 461-6081 Fax 727 441-4477

48 Talbot St E Aylmer ON N5H 1H4 888 424-4496 Fax 519 773-8387

Luminox Watches 13300 Tecumseh Rd Ste 380 Tecumseh ON N8N 4R8 519 735-1526 Fax 519 735-1526

Mega Technical 6909 76th Ave Edmonton AB T6B 0A9 800 700-7937 Fax 780 435-7606

MK Ballistic Systems 2707 Santa Ana Valley Rd Hollister CA 95023 831 636-1504 Fax 831 636-8657

L&E Mobile Computers & Mounts 25301 Borough Pk Dr Ste 113 The Woodlands TX 77380 281 364-6633 Fax 281 298-6617

Mentalix Inc 1700 Alma Dr Ste 110 Plano TX 75075 972 423-9377 Fax 972 723-1145

Mobile Concepts by Scotty 480 Bessemer Road Mt Pleasant PA 15666 724 542-7640 Fax 724 542-7648

LEADS Software Inc 2600 530 –8th Ave S.W Calgary AB T2P 3S8 403 295-3237 Fax 403 295-3233

Ma-Com Private Radio Systems 2425 Skymark Ave Unit 4 Mississauga ON L4W 4Y6 905 282 8300 Fax 905 282 8302

Metalmasters Target Systems 250 South Sprague Rd Coldwater MI 49036 517 278-7475 Fax 517 278-7475

Mobile LED Canada 18903 – 90 Ave Edmonton AB T5T 5W2 780 669-9005 Fax 780 669-9005

LECOR Technologies LLC 1802 Pleasant Valley Dr Ste 100-300 Garland TX 75040 972 496-3647 Fax 972 496-5706

Mae Group International Inc 226 7365 Carenelian Rangho Cocamonga CA 91730 909 466-7577 Fax 909 466-7579

MetaMap Inc 771 Corporate Dr Suite 405 Lexington KY 40523-3198 606 223-7651 Fax 606 223-8112

Modern Warrior Defensive Tactics 711 N Wellwood Ave Lindenhurst NY 11757 631 226-8383 Fax 631 226-5454

Lees Motivation Canada 223 Mary St Hamilton ON L8L 4W2 800 565-3275 Fax 905 522-7988

Malley industries Inc 212 Halifax St Moncton NB E1C 9S2 506 859-8591 Fax 506 857-1745

Metorex Security Products Inc 250 Phillips Blvd Ewing NJ 08618 609 406-9000 Fax 609 530-0842

Monadnock Lifetime Products Inc 126 NH RT 12 N Fitzwilliam NH 03447 800 258-5492 Fax 603 585-9575

Lethbridge Community College 3000 College Dr South Lethbridge AB T1K 1L6 403 329-7246 Fax 403 317-3521

Mancom Manufacturing Inc 1335 Osprey Drive Ancaster ON L9G 4V5 905 304-6141 Fax 905 304-6137

Miad Systems Ltd 43 Riviera Dr Markham ON L3R 5J6 800 387-9864 Fax 905 479-9472

Motorola 1301 E Algonquin Rd Schaumburg IL 60196 888 567-7347

Lab Safety Supply Inc PO Box 1368 Janesville WI 53547-1368 800 356-0783 Fax 800 543-9910 Laerdal Medical Canada Ltd 151 Nashdene Rd Unit 45 Toronto ON M1V 4C3 888 523-7325 Fax 416 298-8016 Laser Devices Inc 2 Harris Crt Apt A4 Monterey CA 93940 831 373-0701 Fax 831 373-0903 Laser Labs 454 First Parish Rd Scituake MA 02066 800 452-2344 Fax 508 923-4750 LaserMax Inc 3495 Winton Place Bldg B Rochester NY 14623 800 527-3703 Fax 585 272-5427 Laser Technology Inc 7070 S Tucson Way Englewood CO 80112 800 280-6113 Fax 303 649-9710 Law Enforcement Technologies 770 Wooten Rd Ste 109 Colorado Springs CO 80915 719 380-5557 Fax 719 380-9075 Law Enforcement Training & Supplies

February 2003

CORPORATE LISTINGS

Bold faced listings denote advertisers in this issue. Go to page 78 for more details. MPH Industries Inc 316 E Ninth St Owensboro KY 42303 888 689-9222 Fax 270 685-6288

Nikon Canada Inc 1366 Aerowood Dr Mississauga ON L4W 1C1 905 625-9910 Fax 905 625-6446

Ontario Drive & Gear / ARGO 220 Bergey Court Box 280 New Hamburg ON N0B 2G0 519 662-2840 Fax 519 662-2421

Para-Ordnance Manufacturing Inc 980 Tapscott Rd Scarborough ON M1X 1C3 416 297-7855 Fax 416 297-1289

MSA Northern North America 2800 Skymark Ave Ste 33 Mississauga ON L4W 5A6 905 602-0338 Fax 905 238-4151

NIK Public Safety 13386 International Parkway Jacksonville FL 32218 904 485-1825 Fax 904 741-9996

Ontario Police Supplies O.P.S. Inc 160 4th Ave Hanover ON N4N 2B3 800 236-0892 Fax 519 364-2510

PB Electronics Police Radar 248 W Peacedul Ct Shepherdsville KY 40165 502 543-7032 Fax 502 543-7032

Muir Cap & Regalia Ltd 1550 O’Connor Drive Toronto ON M4B 2V3 416 757-2815 Fax 416 752-4615

Nine-One-One Outerwear 1932 St. George Avenue Saskatoon SK S7M 0K5 800 667-6831 Fax 306 934-6022

Open Software Solutions Inc 18 Oak Branch Dr Greensboro NC 27407 336 294-3996 Fax 336 294-3875

Pearson Peacekeeping Centre Cornwallis Park PO Box 100 Clementsport NS B0S 1E0 902 638-8611 Fax 902 638-8576

MultiTrek Safety & Rescue 2630 E Lancaster Road Ottawa ON K1B 5L8 800 263-5232 Fax 613 731-8747

Nissetowa Identification Systems 4470 - 97 Street Edmonton AB T6E 5R9 780 438-3085 Fax 780 438-3136

Optim Inc 64 Technology Park Rd Sturbridge MA 01566 508 347-5100 Fax 508 347-2380

PEC Solutions 12750 Fair Lakes Circle Fairfax VA 22033 703 679-4900 Fax 703 633-7800

Oregon Aero Inc 34020 Skyway Dr Scappoose OR 97056 2516 800 888-6910 Fax 503 543-7199

Peerless Handcuff Company 95 State St Springfield MA 01103 800 732-3705 Fax 413 734 5467

Original S.W.A.T. 6 – 295 Queen St E Ste 370 Brampton ON L6W 4S6 905 453-7008 Fax 905 451-7728

Pelican Products Inc Canada 10221 – 184 St Edmonton AB T5S 2J4 780 481-6076 Fax 780 481-9586

Otis Technology Inc 6987 Laura St Lyons Falls NY 13368 315 348-4300 Fax 315 348-4332

Peltor Communications 546 Bryne Dr Unit C Barrie ON L4N 9P6 705 733-3404 Fax 705 733-3565

Our Software Ltd 81 Auriga Dr Unit 15 Nepean ON K2E 7Y5 888 675-8255 Fax 613 228-9726

Pentax Technologies 100 Technology Drive Broomfield CO 80021 800 543-6144 Fax 303 460-1628

N NABCO Inc 1501 Reedsdale St Ste 5000 Pittsburgh PA 15233 412 231-8558 Fax 412 321-9122 Navitrak Inter’l Corp 1660 Hollis St Ste 904 Halifax NS B3J 1V7 902 429-1438 Fax 902 429-1582 NavLynx Technologies 2375 Steeles Ave West Ste 218 Toronto ON M3J 3A8 416 665-6779 Fax 416 665-9473 NEC Technologies Inc 2355 Gold Meadow Way Suite 200 Gold River CA 95670 800 777-AFIS Fax 916 463-7041

North Sylva Co 19 Ingram Dr Toronto ON M6M 2L7 416 242 4867 Fax 416 242 2829 Northern Computer Solutions 456 – 435 Ellice Ave Winnipeg MB R3B 1Y6 204 480-3003 Northern Airborne Technology Ltd 1925 Kirschner Road Kelowna BC V1Y 4N7 250 763-2232 Fax 250 762-3374 Northrupp Grumman PSI 12005 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston VA 20191-3404 877 772-4911 Fax 703 264-5515

Outdoor Outfits 372 Richmond St West Toronto ON M5V 1X6 416 598-4111 Fax 416 598-4626

Northwest Police Store Box 435 Andrew AB T0B 0C0 780 365-2299 Fax 780 365-2099

Nelson Thomson Learning 1120 Birchmount Rd Scarborough ON M1K 5G4 800 668-0671 Fax 416 750-3851

Nelson Wong Architect Inc 146 Vaughan Rd Toronto ON M6C 2M2 416 657 1048 Fax 416 657 8773

OBS Inc 1324 Tuscarawas St West Canton OH 44702 800 362-9592 Fax 330 580-2429

Net Cyclops Inc 27 – 2150 Winston Park Drive Oakville ON L6H 5V1 905 829-5579 Fax 905 829-3392

Phantom Electron Corporation 110 Ash St Whitby ON L1N 4A9 905 403-6512 Fax 905 666-1188 Philips Medical Systems Canada 2250 Alfred-Nobel Blvd Ste 200 Saint-Laurent QC H4S 2C9 800 291-6743 Fax 800 291-6745

Pacific Safety Products 2821 Fenwick Rd Kelowna BC V1X 5E4 250 491-0911 Fax 250 491-0930

Phoenix USA Inc 28822 Front St Ste 201 Temecula CA 92590 909 693-9798 Fax 909 693-4668

Odyssey Automotive Specialty 317 Richard Mine Road Wharton NJ 07885 800 535-9441 Fax 973 328-2639

Pads Fitness Supplies 9624 - 74th Street Edmonton AB T6B 2B9 780 490-0144 Fax 780 490-0144

Pittco Inc 1806 Goodyear Ave Ventura CA 93003 805 278-0924 Fax 805983-1477

Newcon Optik 1183 Finch Ave W 302 Toronto ON M3J 2G2 416 663-6963 Fax 416 663-9065

Old Village Press PO Box 42221 128 Queen St S Mississauga ON L5M 4Z0 905 564-0078 Fax 905 507-9445

Palomar Display Products 1945 Kellogg Ave Carlsbad CA 92008 760 931-3200 Fax 760 931-5198

Plant Equipment Inc 42505 Rio Nedo Temecula CA 92590 909 719-2100 Fax 909 296-2739

New Eagle 100 ½ Madome St Silver Lake KS 66539 800 850-8512 Fax 785 582-5820

Olin-Winchester Ammunition 427 N Shamrock St East Alton IL62024-1197 618 258-2000 Fax 618 258-3393

Panasonic Canada 5770 Ambler Dr Mississauga ON L4W 2T3 905 238-2405 Fax 905 238-2417

Polaroid Canada Inc 350 Carlingview Drive Etobicoke ON M9W 5G6 800 268-6970 Fax 416 675-3228

Niagara University Timon Hall Niagara NY 14109 716 286-8080 Fax 716 286-8061

Olympic Arms Inc 624 Old Pacific Hwy SE Olympia WA 98513 800 228-3471 Fax 360 491-3447

Panda Voice Systems Inc 40 Hanna Crt Belleville ON K8P 5J2 613 967-8335 Fax 613 967-8176

Poliforce Canada Services PO Box 28558 Willingdon Heights RPO Burnaby BC V5C 6J4 604 879-0984 Fax 604 879-0984

Niche Technology Inc 54 Balmoral St Winnipeg MB R3C 1X4 204 786-2400 Fax 204 775-1469

Omnes ad Unum (All Together as One) 1108 Birchcliff Cres Orillia ON L3V 6H4 705 329-1777 Fax 705 329-2777

Paragon Imaging 400 West Cummings Park Woburn MA 01801 781 937-9800 Fax 781 937-9877

Police Leadership Forum 7750 Hurontario St Brampton ON L6V 3W6 905 453-2121 Fax 905 453-9360

February 2003

CORPORATE LISTINGS

Bold faced listings denote advertisers in this issue. Go to page 78 for more details. Police Ordnance Co Inc 22 Riviera Dr Markham ON L3R 5M1 905 479-2223 Fax 905 479-8558

Pro-Tech Equipment 33B Douglas St Aylmer PQ J9H 6P5 819 682-2861 Fax 819 682-1589

Redman Training Gear 10045 102nd Terrace Sebastian FL 32907 772 388-9892 Fax 772 388-9859

RYCOM Inc 226 Britannia Road East Mississauga ON L4Z 1S6 905 502-6616 Fax 905 502-6612

Police Pro Inc 17340 Beausejour Becancour ON G9H 1E2 819 233-4007 Fax 819 233-4137

Protections Development International Corp PO Box 2048 1555 Railroad St Corona CA 92878-2048 909 734-7531 Fax 909 734-7570

Reliance Armor Systems Inc 3107 Spring Grove Ave Cincinnati OH 45225 513 742-7100 Fax 513 853-3605

Remington Arms Co Inc 870 Remington Dr PO Box 700 Madison NC 27025 0700 336 548-8899 Fax 336 548-8798

Saafnet Canada Inc 5945 Kathleen Ave 6th Floor Burnaby BC V5H 4J7 604 435-0700 Fax 604 435-0702

Rescom Sales Inc 214 Bruce Ave Kincardine ON N2Z 1G1 519 396-8555 Fax 519 396-4045

Sabre Services Inc 7 Innovation Drive Ste 200 Hamilton ON L9H 7H9 905 689-3893 Fax 905 689-5925

Rescue Phone Inc 2145 Priest Bridge Dr Ste 15 Crofton MD 21114 800 737-2832 Fax 410 451-1452

Safariland Ltd Inc 3120 East Mission Blvd Ontario CA 91761 909 923-7300 Fax 909 923-7400

Rescue Solutions International 2713 Loker Ave W Carlsbad CA 92008 760 602-9990 Fax 760 602-9995

Safe Restraints Inc PO Box 6629 Mesa AZ 85216 800 717-1199 Fax 800 759-1199 Safetec of America Inc 1055 E Delavan Buffalo NY 14215 716 895-1822 Fax 716 895-2969

PolyBrite Internationl Inc 1752 W Diehl Rd Ste 110 Naperville IL 60563 800 320-3801 Fax 630 717-5646 Positron Public Safety Systems 5101 Buchan St Montreal PQ H4P 2R9 514 345-2200 Fax 514 345-2276 PowerLOC Technologies Inc 30 Leek Cres Ste 103 Richmond Hill ON L4B 4N4 905 764 3701 Fax 905 764-3680 PPM 2000 Inc 1400 - 10405 Jasper Ave Edmonton AB T5J 3N4 780 448-0616 Fax 780 448-0618

Protective Apparel Corp America 179 Mine Lane Caryville TN 37757 423 562-1115 Fax 423 562-1581 Protective Optics Inc 4777 Bennett Dr Ste D Livermore CA 94550 800 776-7842 Fax 925 455-8860 Public Safety Equipment/Code 3 PO Box 120 Dewinton AB T0L 0X0 403 938-5348 Fax 403 938-5274 P W Allen & Co Ltd 57 Lakeshore Drive Hammonds Plains NS B4B 1X1 902 832-3934 Fax 902 832-3247

Praeda Management Systems Inc 203 - 920 Commissioners Rd E London ON N5Z 3J1 519 685-3350 Fax 519 685-3009

Reverse 911 6720 Parkdale Place Indianapolis IN 46254 800 247-2363 Fax 317 631-6585

Prairie Geomatics Ltd PO Box 141 Minnedosa MB R0J 1E0 888 444-0302 Fax 204 867-5722

Racom Products Inc 5504 State Rd Cleveland OH 44134-2299 216 351-1755 Fax 216 351-0392

Road Shark Street Solutions 609 – 428 Portage Ave Winnipeg, MB R3C 0E2 204 294-0775 Fax 204 837-1673

Sage Data Solutions 1948 Merivale Rd Ste 201 Ottawa ON K2G 1E9 613 225-4905

Prairie Gun Works 1 - 761 Marion St Winnipeg MB R2J 0K6 204 231-2976 Fax 204 231-8566

Radio IP Software Inc 2120 Sherbrooke St E, Suite 502 Montreal PQ H2K 1C3 877 717-2242 Fax 514 890-1332

Robinson Helicopter Company Inc 2901 Airport Drive Torrance CA 90505 310 539-0508 Fax 310 539-5198

SAGEM Morpho Inc 1145 Broadway Tacoma WA 98402 800 591-2674 Fax 253 591-8856

Pride in Service PO Box 705 Pickering, ON L1V 3T3 800 535-9735 Fax 905 509-6933

RadioTrac Inc 85 First Ave Waltham MA 02451 781 697-2500 Fax 781 890-6396

Rocky Shoes & Boots 39 Canal St Nelsonville OH 45764 740 753-1951 Fax 740 753-4024

Salient Manufacturing & Security 160 Main St S Ste 92501 Brampton ON L6W 4R1 800 558-5958 Fax 905 456-9258

Premier Crown Corporation 100 B Hunter Place Youngsville NC 27596 919 554-2244 Fax 919 554-2266

Raine Inc 6401 S Madison Ave Anderson IN 46013 800 826-5354 Fax 765 622-7691

Ronald Cormier 27 - 105 Hansen RD N Brampton ON L6V 3C9 905 450-2658 Fax 905 450-5012

Saucony Canada Inc 588 Colby Dr Waterloo ON N2V 1A2 888 203-8118 Fax 519 746-6830

Printrak, A Motorola Company 1974 Rosebella Ave Ottawa ON K1T 1G7 613 733-5545 Fax 613 733-2826

Ramo Defense Systems 450 Allied Drive Nashville TN 37211 615 333-0077 Fax 615 333-6229

Rotman School of Management,U of T 105 St George St Toronto ON M5S 3E6 416 978-4441 Fax 416 978-5549

Savage Range Systems 100 Springdale Rd Westfield MA 01085 413 568-7001 Fax 413 562-1152

Pro-Gard Police Products 7988 Centerpoint Dr Ste 400 Indianapolis IN 46256 317 579-6680 Fax 317 579-6681

Range Systems 5121 Winnetka Ave N Ste 200A New Hope MN 55428 763 533-9200 Fax 763 537-6657

Royal Roads University 2005 Sooke Road Victoria BC V9B 5Y2 250 391-2505 Fax 250 391-2500

Schedule Soft Corporation 800 Excelsor Drive Ste 220 Madison WI 53717 800 416-9006 Fax 608 662-7610

Pro-Lift Service Inc 557 Lorne Ave East Stratford ON N5A 6Z4 519 273-7664 Fax 519 273-7260

Recovery Force Inc 133 Stairs St Fredericton NB E3A 5V6 506 457-2241 Fax 506 457-1930

R Nicholls Distributors Inc 2475 de la Province Longueuil PQ J4G 1G3 888 442-9215 Fax 450 442-9581

Schmidt & Bender PO Box 134 Meriden NH 03770 800 468-3450 Fax 603 469-3471

Protech 3120 E Mission Blvd Ontario CA 91761 800 347-1200 Fax 909 923-7400

Rec-T-Fire 100A Boulevard Ford Chatequguay PQ J6J 4Z2 450 699-0591 Fax 450 699-4206

RU2 Systems PO Box 6793 Apache Junction AZ 85219 480 982-2107 Fax 480 982-5237

Schweizer Aircraft Corp 1250 Schweizer Rd Horseheads NY 14845 607 739-3821 Fax 607 796-2488

Pro-tech Design 5220 W 104th St Los Angeles CA 90045 310 410-1311 Fax 310 410-1125

Redline Performance Products 2510 Commerce Way Vista CA 92083 760 599-1003 Fax 760 598-0167

Rugged Notebooks 140 - 1370 N Brea Blvd Fulleron CA 92835 714 441-1623 Fax 714 441-1691

Scintrex Trace Corp 152 Cleopatra Drive Nepean ON K2G 5X2 613 224-1061 Fax 613 224-2603

February 2003

CORPORATE LISTINGS

Bold faced listings denote advertisers in this issue. Go to page 78 for more details. Search Systems Inc. Box 80307 Bakersfield CA 93380-0307 661 399-7107 Fax 661 399-3284

Shooting Systems Group Inc 205 Lange Dr Washington MO 63090 800 325-3049 Fax 636 390-2977

Sony Canada 115 Gordon Baker Road Willowdale ON M2H 3R6 416 499-1414 Fax 416 497-1774

Streamlight Inc 30 Eagleville Rd Eagleville PA 19403 610 631-0600 Fax 610 631-0712

Second Chance Body Armor Inc 2 Epson Cres Winnipeg MB R3R 0X2 204 837-4080 Fax 204 837-4083

Shryock Communications Inc 724 Champagnolle Rd El Dorado AR 71730 870 862-9196 Fax 870 862-9196

Sound Off Inc 5132 37 th Ave Hudsonville MI 49426 800 338-7337 Fax 616 669-3475

Sturm Ruger & Co Inc Lacey Place Southport CT 06490 203 256-3860 Fax 203 255-5201

SecureAssess 5359 Sunhaven Place Nanaimo BC V9V 1R5 866 476-6644 Fax 250 729-0595

Sierra Wireless Inc 13811 Wireless Way Richmond BC V0V 3A4 604 231-1100 Fax 604 231-1109

Spa Tactical 3409 NW 9 th Ave Ste 1104 Ft Lauderdale FL 35309 954 568-7690 Fax 954 630-4159

Supergravity Inc 180 Renfrew Dr 5-210 Markham ON L3R 8B7 905 940-6660 Fax 905 940-6564

Secureops 465 St Jean Ste 803 Montreal QC H2Y 2R6 514 982-0678 Fax 514 982-0362

Sig Arms Inc Exeter Corporate Park Exeter NH 03833 605 772-2302 Fax 605 772-2113

Special Electronics & Designs 214 Bruce Ave Kincardine On N2Z 2P2 800 665-2740 Fax 519 396-4045

Surefire LLC 18300 Mt Baldy Circle Fountain Valley CA 92708 800 828-8809 Fax 714 545-9537

Securesearch Inc 3500 Pharmacy Ave Unit 4 Scarborough ON M1W 2T6 416 492-5349 Fax 416 492-3656

Signaflex Inc 345 Boul Labbe N Victoriaville PQ G6P 1B1 819 758-1810 Fax 819 758-6727

Spectronics Corporation 956 Brush Hollow Road PO Box 483 Westbury NY 11590 800 274-8888 Fax 800 491-6868

Survival Supply Canada Inc 6 Shields Court Unit 1 Markham ON L3R 4S1 905 787-1958 Fax 905 737 5470

SecureTrac Corp 5022 South 114th St Omaha NE 68157 402 537-0022 Fax 402 537-9847

Simunition Ltd 5 Montee des Arsenaux Le Gardeur PQ J5Z 2P4 450 581-3080 Fax 450 581-0231

Speed Measurement Labs 2300 Harvest Glen Fort Worth TX 76108 817 560-9318 Fax 817 244-7630

Symbol Technologies Canada ULC 5181 Orbitor Dr Mississauga ON L4W 5L9 905 629-7226 Fax 905 629-9765

SecuriSource Inc 800 Steeles Ave West Unit B10-143 Thornhill ON L4J 7L2 800 866-5166 Fax 416 226-5558

Sinclair Technologies Inc 85 Mary St Aurora ON L4G 6X5 800 263-3275 Fax 905 727-0861

Spike Camp 8003 Argyll Rd Edmonton AB T6C 4A9 780 461-5700 Fax 780 461-5771

Symposium Technologies 342 Riverdale Ave Toronto ON M4J 1A2 416 993-6755 Fax 647 439-9927

Securitrim Inc 1225 107 Rue East Ville de Saint-Georges PQ G5Y 8C3 888 927-6366 Fax 418 227-0799

Sirchie Finger Print Laboratories 100 Hunter Place Youngsville NC 27596 800 356-7311 Fax 919 554-2266

Sprinco USA 7804 Danz Blve Austin TS 78724 800 397-9530 Fax 888 443-8887

SkidCar System Inc 497 – 1963 Willamette Dr West Linn OR 97068 503 227-6707 Fax 503 557-9385

Spyderco Inc 820 Spyderco Way Golden CO 80403 800 525-7770 Fax 303 278-2229

TACM III Inc 7 - 2300 Commerce Park Drive Palm Bay FL 32905 321 726-0644 Fax 321 726 0645

Slugmaster 163 Curtis Drive Guelph ON N1K 1S9 519 822-0577 Fax 519 822-9791

Squad-Fitters Inc 1807 N Federal Drive Urbana IL 61801 800 491-1267 Fax 800 255-9874

Tactical Advantage 464 Culzean Place Port Moody BC V3H 1E5 604 931-6351 Fax 604 931-6375

SmartDraw.com 10085 Carroll Canyon Rd Ste 220 San Diego CA 92131 858 549-0314 Fax 858 549-2830

Stalker Radar / Applied Concepts 730 F Avenue Ste 200 Plano TX 75074 800 782-5537 Fax 972 398-3781

Taser International Inc 7860 E McClain Dr #2 Scottsdale AZ 85260 800 978-2737 Fax 480 991-0791

Sense Holdings 4503 NW 103rd Ave Ste 200 Sunrise FL 33351 954 726-1422 Fax 954 726-2022

Smith System Driver Improvement Inc 2201 Brookhollow Plaza Dr Ste 200 Arlington TX 76006 800 777-7648 Fax 817 652-1942

Star Warning Systems 8591 Earl Thomas Ave Niagara ON L2E 6X8 905 357-0222 Fax 905 357-9122

Tech Assist Inc 323 18830 Us Hwy 19 N Clearwater FL 33764 800 274-3785 Fax 727 547-0768

Sensors & Software Inc 1040 Stacey Court Mississauga ON L4W 2X8 905 624-8909 Fax 905 624-9365

Smith & Wesson 2100 Roosevelt Avenue Springfield MA 01104 800 331-0852 Fax 705 456-2150

Stewart Products Inc 1552 East Cedar St Ontario CA 91761 909 923-7070 Fax 909 923-7070

Teijin Twaron USA Inc 801-F Blacklawn Rd Conyers GA 30012 800 451-6586 Fax 770 929-8138

Senstar-Stellar Corporation 119 John Cavanaugh Dr Carp ON K0A 1L0 613 839-5572 Fax 613 839-5830

Sokkia Corporation 1050 Stacey Court Mississauga ON L4W 2X8 905 238-5810 Fax 905 238-9383

Stop Tech Ltd 365 Industrial Drive Harrison OH 45030 800 537-0102 Fax 513 202-0240

Tel Control Inc 7902 Logan Drive SW Huntsville ON 35802 256 881-4000 Fax 256 881-4971

Setina Manufacturing Co Inc 2926 Yelm Highway SE Olympia WA 98501 800 426-2627 Fax 360 459-0729

Solutia 200 – 100 E Big Beaver Rd Troy MI 48083 248 740-0495 Fax 248 740-0490

Strath Craft Ltd 620 Newbold St London ON N6E 2T6 877 661-1103 Fax 877 827-7702

TeleCampus 250 King St Fredericton NB E3B 1E2 506 444-4234 Fax 506 444-4230

Sherlock Antitheft Marking Inc 440 rue Ste-Helene Longueuil QC J4K 3R2 800 361-0711 Fax 450 674-0376

Sonitrol Security Systems 238 Britannia Road East Mississauga ON L4Z 1S6 905 890-7727 Fax 905 890-8391

Stratton Hats 3200 Randolph St Bellwood IL 60104 708 544-5220 Fax 708 544-5243

Telex Communications Inc 12000 Portland Ave South Burnsville MN 55337 866 505-5551 Fax 866 336-8467

Security Equipment Corporation 330 Sun Valley Circle Fenton MO 63026 636 343-0200 Fax 636 343-1318 Security Products International PO Box 475 Pottstown PA 19464 610 970-5150 Fax 610 970-9540 Segura Solutions Inc RR 1 Braeside ON K0A 1G0 613 623-0577

February 2003

CORPORATE LISTINGS

Bold faced listings denote advertisers in this issue. Go to page 78 for more details. Telum Corporation 5909 4th Line RR 1 Hillsburgh ON N0B 1Z0 519 855-6683 Fax 519 855-4707

Thorlo Inc PO Box 5399 Statesville NC 28687 704 906-2926 Fax 704 838 6325

Terrier Technologies Ltd PO Box 831973 Richardson TX 75003-1973 972 293-5398 Fax 714 908-7845

Titan Systems 1200 S Woody Burke Rd Melbourne FL 32902 800 622-8554 Fax 321 952-1689

Terry Barker PO Box 609 Sechelt BC V0N 3A0 604 885-0278 Fax 604 885-0279

Torfino Enterprises Inc 3500 Fairlane Farms Rd Ste 3 Welllington FL 33414 800 867-3466 Fax 561 790-0080

Tetragon Tasse Distributors 2378 Dunwin Dr Mississauga ON L5L 1J9 905 828-9803 Fax 905 828-6390

TraxMark Inc PO Box 15893 Rio Rancho NM 87174 505 401-3880 Fax 505 892-6976

Textron Systems 19401 Chef Menteur Hwy New Orleans LA 70129 504 245-6600 Fax 504 254-8000

Treck-Hall 40 Viceroy Rd Concord ON L4K 2L8 905 738-4255 Fax 905 738-5087

Thales Contact Solutions 480 Spring Park Place Herndon VA 20170 703 709-7114 Fax 703 709-9529

Triform Business Systems Ltd 95 Doncaster Ave Thornhill ON L3T 1L6 416 226-6000 Fax 800 563-1666

The CAD Zone Inc 7950 SW 139th Ave Beaverton OR 97008 503 641 0334 Fax 503 641-9077

Trilcor Industries 17 Wilson Dr Milton ON L9T 3J7 905 876-8807 Fax 905 876-8813

The Current Corporation 2933 Murray Street Port Moody BC V3H 1X3 604 461-5555 Fax 604 461-5525

Trimble 645 N Mary Ave Sunnyvale Ca 14088 408 481-8000 Fax 408 481-8910

The Dehner Co 3614 Martha St Omaha NE 68105 402 342-7788 Fax 402 342-5444

Tri-Tech Inc 4019 Executive Park Blvd SE Southport NC 28462 800 438-7884 Fax 910 457-0094

The Galan Conflict Management Grp. 15232 84th Ave Edmonton AB T5R 3X8 780 486-1870 Fax 780 443-3366

TriTech Software Systems 9860 Mesa Rim Rd San Diego CA 92121 858 799-7000 Fax 858 799-7015

The Kop Shop Unlimited 738 Salter Ave Woodstock, ON N4S 2P5 519 539-1155 Fax 519 539-7375

Trijicon Inc 49385 Shafer Ave Wixom MI 48393 248 960-7700 Fax 248 960-7725

Valley Associates Inc 860 Taylor Creek Dr Unit 3 Ottawa ON K1C 1T1 613-830-1880 Fax 613-830-3008

Westervelt College 1060 Wellington Rd London ON N6E 3W5 519 668-2000 Fax 519 668-1616

The Optikon Corporation Ltd 1099 Guelph St Kitchener ON N2B 4E2 519 745-4115 Fax 519 745-6922

Truck Vault PO Box 734 Sedro Woolley WA 98284 800 967-8107 Fax 360 855-2239

VehiTech 1060 Lafayette Longueuil PQ J4K 3B1 888 648-3333 Fax 450 463-1649

Whelen Engineering Co Inc Rt 145 Winthrop Rd Chester CT 06412 860 526-9504 Fax 860 526-4078

The PERCS Index Inc 535 San Remo Dr Port Moody BC V3H 3S6 604 469-7341 Fax 604 469-7342

Tufloc Mfg by Esmet 1406 Fifth St SW Canton OH 44702 330 452-9132 Fax 330 452-2557

Verint Systems Canada Inc 2446 Bank St Ste 712 Ottawa ON K1V 1A8 613 736-0407 Fax 613 736-8049

Winchester Ammunition 427 N Shamrock St East Alton IL 62024-1197 618 258-3984 Fax 618 258-3393

The Shooting Edge Bay 4, 510-77 Ave SE Calgary AB T2H 1C3 403 720-4867 Fax 403 720-8147

Turbo Images 1225 – 107 e rue Saint-Georges Saint-Georges PQ G5Y 8C3 888 219-8872 Fax 418 227-0799

Versaterm 2300 Carling Ave Ottawa ON K2B 7G1 613 820-0311 Fax 613 596-5884

Windows to Technology Ltd 150 Sidney St Ste 200 Belleville ON K8P 5E2 613 961-1751 Fax 613 961-1779

The Walter Fedy Partnership 546 Belmont Ave West Kitchener ON N2M 1N5 519 576-2150 Fax 519 576-5499

TurtleSkin Gloves PO Box 409 New Ipswich NH 03071 888 477-4675 Fax 603 878-4306

V H Blackinton & Co Inc 221 John Dietsch Blvd Attleboro Falls MA 02763 508 699-4436 Fax 508 695-5349

WinMagic Data Security 160 Traders Blvd E Ste 210 Mississauga ON L4Z 3K7 905 502-7000 Fax 905 502-7001

Thomson Nelson 1120 Birchmount Rd Scarborough ON M1K 5G4 800 668-0671 Fax 416 752-9646

TV Equipment Associates Box 404 Brewster NY 10509 310 457-7401 Fax 310 457-0023

VideoComm Technologies 407 Speers Road Ste 204 Oakville ON L6K 3T5 905 339-0366 Fax 905 339-1776

Winner International 32 West State St Sharon PA 16146 800 527-3345 Fax 724 983-4098

February 2003

Twitco Distributing PO Box 239 Rindge NH 03461 800 899-8948 Fax 603 899-9802

U Uncle Mike’s Law Enforcement PO Box 1690 Oregon City OR 97045 503 655-7964 Fax 503 722-5701 Underwater Kinetics Canada 16652-117 Ave Edmonton AB T5M 3W2 780 484-2350 Fax 780 444-3989 Uniden America Corp 4700 Amon Carter Blvd Fort Worth TX 73155 800 297-1023 Unifold Shelters 605 James Street North Hamilton ON L8L 1K1 905 528-4448 Fax 905 528-4439 Uniform Uniforms 351 Canarctic Drive North York ON M3J 2P9 416 663 6060 Fax 416 663 4484 Unitex Direct 8216 Goldie St Walled Lake MI 48390 800 682-1606 Fax 800 360-9211 US Armor Corp 11843 E Smith Ave Santa Fe Springs CA 90670 800 443-9798 Fax 562 949-1501 US Traffic Corporation 9603 John St Santa Fe Springs CA 90670 562 923-9600 Fax 562 923-7555

Viking Metal & Military Supplies 6 Orquel Court Dartmouth NS B2W 4Z3 902 435-8322 Fax 902 435-7427 Visibility Systems Co PO Box 838 Southport CT 06890-0838 800 840-9332 Fax 203 333-5577 Visitor Management Inc 19761 Villager Circle Yorba Linda CA 92886 714 777-7927 Fax 714 777-1869 V-One Corporation 20250 Century Blvd Ste 300 Germantown MD 20874 301 515-5200 Fax 301 515-5280 Visual Planning Corporation 6805 boul Decarie Montreal PQ H3W 3E4 514 739-3116 Fax 514 739-0085 V-Sec Systems 709 Grey St Winnipeg MB R2K 3Z1 800 694-8068 Fax 204 633-6486 VS Visual Statement Inc 1 – 1445 McGill Rd Kamloops BC V2C 6K7 888 828 0383 Fax 250 828-0482

W Weldexperts 1 Greengage Rd New Lowell ON L0M 1X0 705 424-0400 Fax 705 424-5548 Wescam Inc 649 North Service Rd W Burlington ON L7L 2K6 905 633-4000 Fax 905 633-4100

CORPORATE LISTINGS

Bold faced listings denote advertisers in this issue. Go to page 78 for more details. Zarc International Inc PO Box 83940 Gaithersburg MD 20883 301 990-1617 Fax 301 990-9305

Zetron Inc PO Box 97004 Redmond WA 98073-9704 425 820-6363 Fax 425 820-7031

Zebec Canada 1040 78 th Ave Edmonton AB T6P 1L7 780 468-4215 Fax 780 461-8218

Zix Corporation 2711 N Haskell Ave Ste 2850 Dallas TX 75204-2960 214 370-2000 Fax 214 515-7380

Zak Tools Inc PO Box 382 Temple City CA 91007 800 446-5561 Fax 626 445-5604

Zebra Eltron Card Printers 1001 Flynn Rd Camarillo CA 93012-8706 805 579-1800 Fax 805 579-1808

Zodiac Hurricane Technologies Inc 7830 Vantage Way Delta BC V4G 1S7 604 940-2999 Fax 604 940-2779

pand the legal definition of written child porn to include materials that feature descriptions of prohibited sex acts with children. The bill would also: - Make it an offence with a maximum five-year jail term to secretly observe or record a person where privacy can reasonably be expected. Distributing such material on the Internet or elsewhere would also be banned. - Increase to five from two years the maximum jail term for abandoning a child or failing to provide life necessities.

use of satellite equipment from unlicensed distributors is illegal. Currently, ExpressVu and Star Choice are the only authorized satellite signal providers in Canada. The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission says estimates show 700,000 Canadians still get American satellite TV signals illegally, either through the grey market (setting up a phoney US billing address) or the black market (hack-

ing into satellite services using an illegal decoder card). The RCMP distributed a news release in December stating it will focus its enforcement activities against commercial enterprises and not against individuals. The internal memo warns officers and employees who are customers of illegal distributors that they may become the subject of a code of conduct investigation, disciplinary action and or criminal prosecution.

W L Gore & Associates 297 Blue Ball Road Elkton MD 21921 410 392-3700 Fax 410 392-4452

XS Sight Systems 2401 Lydelle St Ft Worth TX 76105 888 734-7939 Fax 817 536-3517

Wolverine Supplies PO Box 729 Virden MB R0M 2C0 204 748-2454 Fax 204 748-1805

xwave Technologies 65 Iber Road Stittsville ON K2S 1E7 613 831-0888 Fax 613 831-1836

XS Technologies 9 – 2616 16th Street NE Calgary AB T1Y 4T7 403 571-8722 Fax 403 291-1326

OTTAWA – Proposed legislation to strengthen child pornography laws and better protect teens from sexual exploitation is aiming to correct loopholes of past legislation. The bill, introduced in December in Parliament, says nothing about raising the age of sexual consent to 16 from 14, a change the Canadian Alliance had urged. Justice Minister Martin Cauchon says teens aged 14 to 18 are better shielded by doubling the maximum jail term for sexual exploitation to 10 years from five. That would further deter adults and those in positions of trust or authority who might sexually exploit young people, he said. Courts would also be asked to focus more on the behaviour and motives of the accused and less on the young person’s consent. The omnibus bill, if passed, would also limit those accused of child pornography offences to a single defence of “public good.” Under the new legislation, defendants who say their pornographic material has artistic merit would have to show any risk it poses is outweighed by the public good it serves. The legislation is seen as a response to public outrage sparked by the Supreme Court of Canada in 2001. The high court upheld the law banning possession of child pornography, but broadened exceptions for artistic merit. In an effort to balance child protection with rights to free expression, the court said the law shouldn’t capture personal drawings or writings crafted solely from the imagination for personal use. Critics called that a loophole for paedophiles. The new legislation is meant to correct that, Cauchon said. The proposed law would exFebruary 2003

*** REGINA – A week after RCMP seized more than $300,000 worth of illegal satellite equipment, Mounties who own the gizmos themselves received a stern warning from their superiors in December. An internal memo circulated to F division RCMP officers and their staff said that recent investigation intelligence showed that some police officers are customers of illegal unlicensed distributors of satellite equipment. “Such activity makes our enforcement job somewhat more difficult, when possible defendants are able to state that some of their customers are in fact police officers or an employee of a police department,” the memo said. On Nov. 27, the RCMP seized an estimated $350,000 worth of satellite decoders, dishes and other equipment from three locations in Regina and four in Saskatoon. Police have conducted similar raids against companies in Toronto, Mississauga, Kingston, Ont., Winnipeg and Montreal. The Supreme Court of Canada has ruled that, under the Radio communications Act, the sale and For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

I just finished reading your article on the CALEA process and wanted to make a couple of clarifications. Our service is not yet certified by CALEA but are presently in the process. I don’t like to speak for other services, but I am also aware that Brantford PS is also not yet certified. I don’t wish to make this a big deal but knowing first hand the amount of work that goes into the entire process, I feel our service should not yet share the recognition fully accredited services enjoy. One other point I wanted to clarify, re-accreditation takes place every three years. I and all of our officers thoroughly enjoy your magazine when it comes to our office. We are hoping to become the first native police service in North America to become accredited through CALEA and have used some Blue Line Magazine articles for reference. Keep up the good work. Cst. H. Richard Martin Accreditation Manager Six Nations Police Publisher’s Response Sorry for any confusion. When we went to the web site at www.calea.org we searched for all Canadian agencies that were “members” of CALEA and found a list that was still too short for a country as great as Canada. We erroneously listed all eleven agencies as “accredited” and missed the point that they are at varying levels of this process. The CALEA web site actually states they are “accredited, certified or recognized by CALEA.” Thank you for that clarification. For a country that prides itself in its policing style, the CALEA list should be much longer. It is no surprise the Six Nations Police Service was on this list. It is recognized in many ways as being a leader for policing in Canada. On behalf of the Vancouver Police Department and myself, I would like to thank the Police Leadership Forum and the assistance of Blue Line Magazine for the honour of receiving the 2002 Leadership Award. The award does much to recognize and therefor encourage innovative strategies and initiatives to provide enhanced service to the public. I especially found great value in the Police Leadership Forum’s conference at the

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February 2003

University of Toronto. I was acutely aware of the amount of dedication and skill required in order to make the conference so successful. Thank you again for everything you did for me when I was in Toronto. Robert Taylor, Inspector, Vancouver Police Department I am writing you hoping you could help me with a problem concerning soft body armour. I don’t know to whom exactly I should send this, so I am sending it to you hoping you can help me or refer me to the right person. I am a police officer in Montreal with almost six years of experience. I always wore my personal body armour under my police shirt. Recently, my vest was damaged in an incident where I was dragged by a suspect’s car. When I requested a replacement, I was issued a temporary replacement. Our Uniform and Equipment Branch told me that I would be issued a new vest with an external carrier. I requested a vest like the one I was wearing before the incident but I was told that I did not have a choice anymore and that I had to wear my new body armour externally. I am looking for expert advice and opinions in order to convince the people in charge in my agency to give us the choice to wear our body armour concealed. I do not like the external carrier because I find them unsafe. I appreciate any help you could give me. Cst. Pat Bigras Service de Police de Montréal Publisher’s Response It is unfortunate that Montreal Police can not at least be flexible when it comes to the safety of their own officers. If they do not wish to think of their safety, at the very least they should consider how sloppy they look wearing a dark ‘Michelin Man’ exterior carrier. The Blue Line Position • External carriers encourage target realignment to the head by armed assailants; • External carriers supply assailants with at least six handles capable of incapacitating officers in an altercation; • External carriers encourage a sloppy, unprofessional appearance while in shirt sleeve dress; • External carriers add four more layers of nylon over a shirt and, therefore, are hotter than concealed armour; • External carriers give a false image to the public of being on an aggressive, combat zone stance; • External carriers could be a cop killer’s defence against a “murder one” charge; • External carriers should be replaced by issue wick-away undergarments. It is this last point that police agencies do not want to get involved in due to budget constraints. They don’t want to pay for issue undergarments that can encourage the use of concealed armour because the exterior armour carriers are cheaper. It is unconscionable but many agencies feel you and your image are expendable to saving money on the budget’s bottom line. Someone prove us wrong! Please! Your silence will mean we are right on all the points above. 64

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Police car defibrillators can save lives by Mark Reesor Recognizing that seconds can make the difference between life and death, Canadian police forces are beginning to install Automated E x t e r n a l Defibrillators (AEB) in patrol cars. The Miramachi Police Force launched its defibrillator program, the first in the Maritimes, last December after a study showed the average ambulance response time in the area was nine to 12 minutes. Statistics suggest just 14 per cent of heart attack victims can survive that long a wait. The average police response time is less than three minutes, says Cst. Todd Chadwick, and since the optimal time to defibrillate a patient is three to four minutes, “we decided we had to do something on this... “We approached the community by saying ‘this is something that we’ve identified as a community problem; we have people dying that the Heart and Stroke Foundation says have a 95 percent chance of survival in the first five minutes... if we put these in the police cars, we can up it (survival rate) to 54 per cent — what do you think?’” Not one organization who was approached refused to help, Chadwick says, and $40,000 — “which is phenomenal in this community” — was raised to buy seven Philip’s Heartstart units. Police are now dispatched as primary responders to cardiac calls. The program has had another benefit. Dr. Eugene Mah, a ‘journeyman’ physician whose wife has ties to the area, has pledged to set up practice in the community for at least two years if he can be the medical director for the project. Mah plans to conduct a medical study comparing survival rates of cardiac victims in the two year period before police got the devices to the two years after they received them. Mah is hoping to see survival rates increase and notes the rural area is a fitting place to conduct the trial. News of the program has travelled fast — Chadwick says he’s already been approached by four other police departments in the province, and the Atlantic Police Department, who wanted to know more. The Ontario Provincial Police is considering equipping all its cars with the devices if a one-year trial at its Lancaster detachment is successful. Much of the patrol area there is rural, explains S/Cst. Jim Lariviere, and “our ambulance service is run out of Cornwall. “They’re running on 1996 response times, which were an average of 18 minutes and 27 seconds nine times out of 10 — and that includes the city of Cornwall; our average time was 27 or 28 minutes out here. With the cruisers right in the area, the counties and police services board approached us and said ‘we have the money, you guys set it up and we’ll pay for February 2003

it.’ Our (police) average response time is well within 10 minutes.” Planning for the program began in May, 2001, he says, and all uniformed staff are now trained to operate the Medtronic Lifepak 500s, which are to be placed in the detachment’s 12 cruisers. Lariviere says support has been excellent — the company sent people to be on hand during training and the president “has been in contact with us every week” and helped in any way they could. An instructor from Ottawa EMS came in to train officers and the process was painless, Lariviere notes. “It can be done in four hours — these machines are cop proof. You can literally throw them up against a cement wall, drive over them with a cruiser, turn them on and it (still) tells you what to do. You can’t mess up; even if you hit the wrong button on the machine, say to provide a shock to somebody who doesn’t require 66

one, it won’t go off. It’s unbelievable... they’re completely fail-safe.” Officers have generally been enthused about getting the devices, he says, though a few “older fellows” were initially a little skeptical. “When you get right down to it, all it is is an extension of CPR; it’s just one more step... “Once the guys found out how easy it was, they were saying ‘c’mon, let’s use it.’” Some police forces have been concerned they could be liable if something went wrong. Lariviere says he stopped worrying about that after talking to a doctor in Windsor who also happens to be a lawyer. “He said ‘the guy’s dead — you can’t make him any deader.’ The only litigation that has been brought up is two (cases) in the (United) States — one at American Airlines and one at Disney World, where they had the machines and didn’t use them. As far as anybody suing because the machine was used in an attempt to

February 2003

save someone — nothing.” The machines the OPP have, come with a liability insurance policy, he adds. The Lachenaie Police Force in Quebec claims to be the first Canadian police agency to begin using AEDs; one of its officers recently saved the life of a 51 year old man who had a heart attack in a grocery store. The force also opted for the Medtronic Lifepak 500. Its model has three buttons — the first starts the machine, the second analyzes the state of the victim, guiding the user with voice prompts, and the third activates the electrical pulses. Each Lachenaie officer is confronted with many heart attacks each year, the force says; with an average response time of three min-

utes, an officer can have a patient stabilized before the ambulance arrives, greatly increasing their chances of survival. The town paid $7,500 each to purchase the units. Mayor Marcel Therrien says it wasn’t an expenditure, it was an investment “if we manage to save the life of only one citizen.” The Ottawa Police Service and its partners in Ottawa Emergency Medical Services began their program in June, 2001. The program is the largest of its kind in Canada, maybe even in North America, the service says, with about 155 defibrillator units deployed to front line police personnel, including patrol operations, community police centres, tactical unit, airport policing and marine patrol sections.

Correctional guards taken hostage An Edmonton inmate armed with a metal shank and broken broom handle briefly took two guards hostage before threatening to kill himself. The 30-year-old, serving a 10-year sentence for attempted murder, grabbed two guards on Boxing Day and threatened them, said spokesman Gary Sears. One guard broke free and returned with pepper spray which he used to free the second guard. Neither guard suffered serious injury. Sears said the attempted hostage taking lasted only a matter of minutes. Negotiations with the inmate, who was contained behind locked doors, continued for about five hours when he gave himself up. “There was a negotiation process because he was threatening to self harm,” Sears was quoted as saying. The inmate was on a shower break and had been given razors to shave. He tucked them inside his mouth between his gums and lips. Sears said the inmate, who had served eight years of a 10-year sentence, was distraught during the incident. Kevin Grabowsky, Prairie regional director of the Union of Canadian Correctional Officers, said the incident highlights why guards should be able to carry handcuffs and pepper spray. “If the officers had been carrying this equipment they would have been able to contain the situation very quickly,” Grabowsky was quoted as saying.

Quebec imposes ticket surcharge The Quebec government will impose a new $10 surtax on ticketed infractions such as speeding to give more money to victims of crime, Public Security Minister Normand Jutras said in December. The new tax will apply to tickets for driving infractions and also to violations of the province’s conservation and environmental laws, Jutras said. The measure will help raise $7 million to $10 million annually for victims of crime, Jutras said. Only people found guilty of an infraction will have to pay the $10 fine. For further details go to BlueLink BlueLinkss at www.blueline.ca

February 2003

The Iron Warrior of Quebec The story of Chief Joffre L’Heureux

by Terry McConnell Law enforcement has yielded many stories of quiet heroes doing their job each day without fanfare or praise — like Joffre L’Heureux, Canada’s youngest, and oldest, police chief. An officer for half a century, L’Heureux was just 26 when appointed chief of Richmond, Quebec, becoming the youngest chief in Canada — and when he retired at age 69, he was the oldest chief in the country. L’Heureux was scrawny and lacked self confidence as a youngster, especially after developing St. Vitus Dance (also known as Sydenham’s chorea), an acute disturbance of the central nervous system characterized by involuntary muscular movements of the face and extremities. In desperation, he turned to an elderly country doctor, who suggested regular exercise to improve his frail condition. L’Heureux took the recommendation to heart, coming up with his own training program, designing weight lifting equipment from materials he scrounged from junkyards and taking inspiration from the few ‘strongmen’ of the day, including Charles Atlas, George F. Jowette and Quebec’s Victor Delamarre and Louis Cyr. The dedication paid off; L’Heureux added some 40 pounds of muscle to his previously skinny frame. Former classmates foolish enough to taunt him, as they had so often in school, learned firsthand of his new, and until then, hidden strength. Bored with his first job as a teller at the Canada National Bank in Sherbrooke, he joined the city police force as a physical instructor at age 19, teaching wrestling, self-defense and bodybuilding. L’Heureux soon became a legend. His first conquest was a drunk, six-foot, 200 pound bully who was beating people up. Only five feet eight and a half inches tall and weighing less than 170 pounds but sporting 17 and a half inch biceps, L’Heureux’s lean, thin face, warm smile and a uniform that concealed his formidable physique gave others a false sense of superiority. The over confident bully soon learned not to judge a book by its cover; he was quickly taken into custody and spent the night cooling his heels in a jail cell. The incident earned L’Heureux the admiration February 2003

and respect of the community. It didn’t take long for a prominent local lawyer to recognize that his mind was as well developed as his body and recommend he apply to be police chief of the lumber mill community of Richmond, Quebec. L’Heureux got the job and his reputation preceded him; to this day, older residents still speak of the formidable exploits of the fair but strict policeman who cleared the bullies and ruffians out of their town. Two or three opponents at a time — it mattered little to this modern day Wyatt Earp, a skilled fighter with the strength of two men who took on all comers from the wrong side of the law. Although busy with his police career, L’Heureux’s passion for fitness continued and he became a champion bodybuilder, strongman and wrestling champion. He began a long association in the 1940s with two Montreal brothers who had begun publishing a magazine called Your Physique; Joe and Ben Weider went on to build a billion dollar a year empire and are now known as the founding fathers of bodybuilding. L’Heureux was crowned Mr. Canada in 1947 70

and came second in the Mr. America contest in 1949. That same year he was Mr. North America and, in 1951, was proclaimed bodybuilding athlete of the year. Many experts saw a great future for him as an international bodybuilding champion but he decided that his love of police work and the needs of his growing family would take priority. He continued his training but concentrated on his police career. Having successfully cleaned up Richmond, L’Heureux was summoned to another trouble spot — the town of Huntingdon, Quebec, which borders on northern New York State. His previous exploits were well noted by city fathers and he was hailed as a man of conviction and one not to be trifled with. Sworn in as chief in October, 1948, he was immediately ordered by the mayor and town council to clear up a growing plague of thefts. While setting up the one man operation and developing the force from scratch, L’Heureux set about uncovering the culprit or culprits. The main perpetrator became known as ‘The Lone Wolf’ and he was arrested and a cache of weapons and other loot recovered after extensive, thorough and diligent police work. In time and as the population grew, additional officers were added so L’Heureux no longer had to be on call 24/7 as both police and fire chief. One of the incidents that contributed to his growing legendary status occurred in 1949 when two young men brutally murdered a local taxi driver with a hammer (the killing was documented in True Crime Magazine). Here again, L’Heureux proved that attention to detail, knowing your community and relating to those who you protect was a vital part of successful police work. Quebec Provincial Police were called in to help because of the seriousness of the case but it was L’Heureux who discovered the men cow-

ering in a hayloft in a nearby hamlet. Gun in hand, he climbed to the loft and convinced the young killers to give themselves up. A group of armed QPP officers waited, ready for action, while L’Heureux arrested the two fugitives. A near vigilante action to hang the men was thwarted by a petition to spare them because of their mental infirmity and ill founded social surroundings — L’Heureux was one of the signatories. The sentence was commuted to life imprisonment. There are countless other stories about this notable police chief who, it is said, would often grant a second chance to those who ran afoul of the law in his jurisdiction — but there was only one second chance. Following a city council decision to engage the Quebec Provincial Police, L’Heureux, the first and last full time law officer of Huntingdon, retired December 31, 1986. Speaking at his retirement party, he said “I have always felt that it was my duty to help my fellow citizen to find the proper solution to the problem that was submitted. In applying the different laws, I have always sought to be as human as possible so that all decisions would be respectful of the rights of everyone, without exception whatsoever” — the code of a true police officer. L’Heureux, who turned 86 on the first of January, still maintains a light training program — light by comparison to the heavy weight training of his younger days — despite having undergone serious heart surgery. The community still respectfully calls him chief and he has earned the respect and admiration of all those with whom he has been in contact as a man, police officer and champion bodybuilder. Veteran broadcaster Terry McConnell is a long time friend of L’Heureux, who he first met during the Second World War when the then rookie policeman was guarding a water reservoir near his home. L’Heureux’s kindness left a life long impression on McConnell, who was seven at the time.

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February 2003

Richmond RCMP fight crime with technology education. Detachment members are trained on electronic crime scenes The RCMP’s Richsearch and seizure with mond, BC detachpower point presentations ment was the and receive software to alfirst in Canada low continuous learning. to formalize the He also takes responsirole of Internet bility for community eduinvestigative cation. How Safe are your support. Others are now followKids? — a recent Internet ing their lead. Safety Forum, was very The program, started in the well received in the Richfall of 2002, is formulated mond community. around three key areas, says Cst. Sonnichsen also recomPeter Sonnichsen, newly apmends ways parents can pointed head of the technologiprevent their children from cal crime unit. accessing web sites considThe first is Internet investiered inappropriate for them gative support for front line and is developing a library members. Officers going to elecof resources for this purtronic crime scenes often need pose. Solutions can be beassistance, he says, especially as havioural as well as softdefence councils are becoming ware related. more astute. Evidence is being The education program more carefully scrutinized and Cst Peter Sonnichsen, Richmond RCMP Technological Crime Unit. has spread beyond Richtherefore it’s important that officers know how to proceed with investiga- necessary steps, which can include seizing hard- mond. Both private and public organizations are tions. Since computer evidence is most frag- ware to trace the origin of emails and web sites. coming together through POLYCYB, a policile, it’s very important that the correct proce- He also assists in preparing reports and pro- ing cyberspace organization. Leaders from Westvides general analysis. A new provincial tech- ern Canada and the United States attended a condures are followed. Sonnichsen serves as an interpreter, con- nology unit provides support for data analysis ference in Richmond about the Internet and technological security. sultant and advisor. Officers come to him with and additional consultations. A third role is active investigation. Another important aspect of his role is their questions and he guides them through the Sonnichsen provides interpretation and resources on civil and criminal issues surrounding technology. Visual Route 7.0 provides a resource for Internet tracing in the department, mapping the origin and paths of e-mail messages and identifying where web sites are hosted. It works with Outlook, checking any web site or email address and giving the entire path of the message with a visual map of its origin and all the routes in between to the receiver. The program is set up on a stand-alone computer with a high-speed connection and therefore cannot be traced by outside interests. Sonnichsen is not trying to turn police officers into ‘techies’ but rather teach investigators to follow the proper steps. Technology is a valuable tool that can assist successful investigations but will never replace old fashioned police work. The mission of the Richmond Technological Crime Unit is to: • preserve the peace and uphold the law on intentional manipulation of technology • protect youth and guide them on vulnerabilities presented electronically • build and maintain the knowledge, skill and awareness within the detachment necessary to investigate within a rapidly changing technological environment • ensure investigative support, education and awareness.

by Elvin Klassen

Peter Sonnichsen can be contacted at peter.sonnichsen@rcmp-grc.gc.ca or 604 207-4797. February 2003

February 2003

Winnipeg constable air reservist of the year by Jennifer Faubert Few can say they love their job so much that they would work for free. Winnipeg Police Service (WPS) Cst. Jamie MacDonald is one of those people and — more remarkably — he can make that claim in both of his professions. In addition to his WPS duties, MacDonald serves as a reserve flight engineer with 435 Squadron at 17 Wing Winnipeg, flying CC130 Hercules planes with the air force’s search and rescue squad for the Prairie region and Northern Territories. MacDonald was recognized for his efforts in Montreal last year when he was named the 2002 Air Force Association Air Reservist of the Year. The award honours the exceptional individual contributions of a deserving member. The selection criteria emphasizes aspects of ability, civilian employment, community involvement, dedication, motivation and how collectively the nominee best demonstrates worthy contributions to the air reserve and air force in general. “I love the air force and this is a good pat on the back,” says MacDonald. Chief Warrant Officer Bob McCallum, flight engineer leader for 435 Squadron and MacDonald’s supervisor, submitted his name for the award and couldn’t be happier with

his selection. “Jamie really stood out,” says McCallum. “He is an outstanding individual who does good work when he flies and he gives up his days off to work here. The unit was quite pleased and felt he was well deserving and an excellent candidate.” His supervisors and coworkers in the military and police service all agree. “Sgt. MacDonald’s tremendous dedication, skills, motivation, leadership and perseverance are of the highest calibre,” says Maj. A. J. Brown, 17 Wing Air Reserve flight commander. “There are very few fully employed people willing to give up their days off to work at another job, but he has consistently done so in a professional and extremely competent manner.” “His positive attitude and continued support to 435 Squadron’s flight engineer section and the 17 Wing Air Reserve Flight have resulted in an excellent example of reserve force employment in support of the total force concept,” says Lt-Col. Tom Whitburn, commanding officer of 435 Squadron.

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February 2003

It is all in a day’s work to MacDonald, who says he loves both his jobs and feels he is the luckiest man around by having the best of both worlds. He stresses that his wife Carrol, family and police supervisor Insp. Roy Smith are instrumental in enabling him to successfully juggle two work schedules. “Roy Smith is very understanding,” says . . . . continued page 76

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MacDonald. “I remember phoning in from Croatia to inform my sergeant I was not going to be home in time to go on shift. As long as it is not a regular occurrence they usually find a way to make it work for me.” Smith, a formal naval reservist himself, says the Winnipeg Police Service has quite a few reservists on staff. “I appreciate the work done by the reserves,” he says. “If they have a reasonable and legitimate request to have time off, I try to accommodate them.” MacDonald also attributes his success to a flexible police schedule that allows him enough days off to parade regularly with his air force unit, but admits there are times when things can get pretty busy. “My wife and family make it really easy for me,” he notes. “It really takes an understanding wife. I’m a lucky guy. I love my jobs and I’d probably do both for free if I didn’t need the money.” “He is very good at what he does,” says Sgt. Barry Neeve, 435 Squadron flight engineer and coworker. “He is a keen, conscientious individual and a hell of a great guy all around.” MacDonald started his military career as an air cadet at age 13 and transferred to the air reserve in 1996 after serving 16 years in the regular force as a flight engineer. In addition to his duties with the service and reserves, MacDonald also volunteers his time coaching hockey and has been involved in the Meals on Wheels program. Lt. Jennifer Faubert is a public affairs officer with the Air Reserves, 17 Wing Winnipeg.

2002 Ontario Medal for Police Bravery Four officers have been presented with the 2002 Ontario Medal for Police Bravery, recognizing outstanding acts of courage. Cst. Dean D. Duchrow Pembroke Police Service On a cold November evening, a car plunged into deep water in the icy Ottawa River about 40 feet from shore. Duchrow arrived on the scene and, with no regard for his own personal safety, dove in and attempted to free the victims. Unfortunately, due to the depth of the vehicle and the frigid water temperature, he couldn’t reach it and had to return to shore, but continued to work with emergency and other police personnel for over four hours to pull the vehicle to shore. Despite his heroic efforts, the four people in the car perished. Cst. Brian D. Halfpenny Point Edward OPP detachment In July, 2001, Halfpenny responded to a potential suicide call concerning a woman who was preparing to jump into the St. Clair River from the Blue Water Bridge. She was sitting on the outside of a beam only three feet wide, her legs dangling over the edge, some 210 feet above the water. Halfpenny climbed over the guardrail, crossed a three-foot- wide gap in the bridge and got onto the outside ledge support beam with the subject. He engaged the distraught woman in conversation and moved closer until

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February 2003

he could grab onto her. With the help of bystanders, he was able to pull her to safety. Cst. John F. Ogrodnik Peterborough Lakefield Police Service Ogrodnik was involved in a search for a suicidal woman last May. He saw her wade into the Otonabee River, where she proceeded to cut her wrists with a razor blade and then go under the water while still holding on to the blade. Without hesitation, Ogrodnik entered the river some 30 feet from shore, restrained the woman and pulled her back to safety. Cst. Danny T. Quisses Nishnawbe-Aski Police Service A man telephoned Quisses at his home last September and threatened that he was going to kill him and his partner. Quisses contacted his partner and the two tried talking to the man over the phone when they heard gun shots ring out. Quisses then contacted residents in the immediate area, had them evacuated and went to the scene, where he saw a male suspect shooting at bystanders with a semi-automatic rifle. As the man stepped behind a vehicle to reload, Quisses ran across the street in his direction; when he was ten feet away, the man pointed his loaded rifle right at him. Quisses pressed on, wrestled the man to the ground and disarmed him.

The ugly factor — can you spot a “TEN”? by David Smith The other evening I was sitting in a quiet little restaurant with Sgt. Wayne Corcoran, a 20-year member of the Phoenix Police Department, discussing various officer survival tactics and problems. We had just finished instructing a Risk Reduction School for the State of Arizona, and the many problems faced by street cops everywhere had no easy answers. The problem we were discussing at the moment was a very common one in almost every police jurisdiction — attending the potentially violent disturbance call with no suspect description. “The officer must enter the bar or whatever and quickly scan for aggressive body language,” I pronounced confidently. “Bull!” Wayne pronounced more confidently, at the same time leaning across the table, allowing me to do some body language evaluation of my own. “What he needs to do is enter the dang bar or pool hall and use the ugly factor.” Now, I have always prided myself on being a pretty fair survival instructor and a pretty fair street cop, and I have a series of survival rules I live by. Rule Number Seven states: “Never laugh at a 270 pound power-lifter unless he’s telling a joke.” So with my best “did you want to talk to me, Sir?” face I leaned toward the hulking form across the table from me and said, “Huh?” “Sure, Smith, just think about it. How many handsome guys have you ever had to punch out? None, right? How many foxy women have you ever had to wall slam? That’s right, none. The first thing all cops should do when they go into disturbance calls is look for the ugliest son-of-a-bitch in there, because that’s who he’ll have to fight.” The truth of this statement floored me. The answer so clearly in front of me every morning as I shaved. Good-looking people aren’t going to get too risky with that kind of a face. Wayne relaxed now, knowing I had seen the light. He sat back quietly, sipped his iced tea and began his imitation of Socrates under the tree. “Civilians use a classification only for good looks. You know, the well-known “ten” scale. Well, cops need their own ten scale - an ugly scale. A one or a two on this scale is a handsome guy or an attractive woman who has spent megabucks and megatime since youth becoming beautiful. This person you may book for a white collar crime, but risk a bruise from a cop? No Way! “Now, a three or four is still sharp and probably had dad throw in big bucks for some braces when they were small. These folks may yell at you and make a big show of things, but they’re still banking on keeping those lovely teeth originals for a long time. You’ll probably arrest these types for con games and frauds, since they often have the gift of gab also. “Fives and sixes are another story. Attitude alone can lower them right into the seven and above category. A drunk six can act just like your average eight, nine or ten. That’s where you start finding your more violent types. Drunk drivers who assault officers, that type of thing. February 2003

Yeah, with a five or a six ugly factor attitude can mean everything. “Finally, we have our sevens and above. A lot of these people not only have nothing to lose by fighting a cop, they might even want to get something knocked back straight! Mug books ought to be classified by the ugly factor instead of by type of crime or sex . “The key is that every cadet should be trained in the Academy to judge ugliness. Every street cop should be given an in-service review. Now, when an officer is at the scene and it is deteriorating, backups can be advised that there are several eights or nines present and that violence could be a likely outcome. An officer checking out a suspicious person could also rank the subject according to the ugly factor, thus advising his or her fellow officers just how hinky the contact really is. “But remember, the ugly scale isn’t just the reverse of the beauty scale. Beauty stops at the skin, ugly goes clear through. There are a whole bunch of folks born unbeautiful on the outside, but filled with so much goodness and beauty that they’re too good for the beauty scale too.” As Wayne concluded, I sat stunned, overwhelmed by this simple yet practical tool and thoroughly annoyed that I hadn’t thought of it myself! How many times in debriefing had we

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talked about this guy and that guy as an ugly dude without realizing that we were actually using the ugly scale? Cops develop a natural sense of ugly just to survive, yet never bother to formalize it as it should be... a basic part of our language. We should develop codes such as the Ugly Code, or better yet we could name it the “U-Union Code” or “UCode” for short. Then when we check out that obviously ugly subject to the rear of a convenience store, we can advise dispatch that we will be out on scene with a “union eight.” On those potentially violent calls with little or no suspect description, officers can enter and begin scanning for ugly people. The one who spots a “Union Nine” in the corner can quickly advise his fellow officers by simply saying, “We’ve got a Union Nine behind the pool table.” Thus, only the officers are alerted and no one is offended. So, the next disturbance call you get, have your ugly meter going full-bore when you get to the scene, and look for the UGLY. David Smith is a retired member of the Arizona Department of Public Safety and was assigned to the Arizona Police Academy when he wrote this article in 1988.

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February 2003