New References To Give You The Edge FROM CRIME TO PUNISHMENT 2nd Edition
Edited by Joel Pink and David Perrier The text provide an introduction to riminal law and criminal procedure. It e amine the entire criminal proce from the ommi ion of a crime to conviction and entencing. Plu , it di cu es the ba ic principle of riminallaw, the categories of the criminal offence and the interaction of the Charter with the criminal proces . 0-459-55127-2 Augu t 1992 hardcover $48 DRIVER'S GUIDE TO TOG
by Eric Theisen Driver' Guide to TDG is the "take anywhere " reference in an ea y-to-use format. Y u get: • All the TOG information you need in a compact, pocket-sized (3 112" X 5") book. • II loading and documentation requirement . No need for other reference sources • Full olour illu trations of all placards and label • piral binding to keep the book flat and open on the de ired page. When you need fa t and accurate TOG information, all you need to do is reach into your pocket for the Driver' Guide to TDG. It's the handy reference aid that provides you with the ba ic information about the transportation of dangerou good by road. 0-459-56216-9 Augu t 1992 softcover $9.95 Multiple copy di counts available
ONTARIO PROVINCIAL OFFENCES 1992 Editor: Marie E. Ferguson This is the up-to-date, convenient, easy-touse reference source containing the full text of 22 Ontario tatutes and regulations pertaining to offence in Ontario. The statute are arranged alphabetically for easy access. In addition to the Provincial Offences Act, the volume contains other provincial statutes which create offences including: the Coroner's Act, the Dangerous Goods Transportation Act, the Highway Traffic Act, the Liquor Licence Act, the Retail Business Holidays Act and the Truck Transportation Act. 0-459-55114-0 October 1992
oftcover $35
ONTARIO PROVINCIAL OFFENCES 1992: RELATED PROVINCIAL STATUTES
Editor: Marie E. Ferguson This is the companion volume to Ontario Provincial Offences 1992 containing seventeen related Ontario tatute including statute related to family law, landlord and tenant, environmental protection, employment and mental health. These acts are also organized alphabetically for easy reference. Both volume contain a detailed index organized by subject matter. 0-459-55161-2 October 1992 oftcover $35 Special Ontario Provincial Offences and Ontario Provincial Offences 1992: Related Provincial Statutes Combination Price $63
All publications are available for a 30-day risk-free examination. hipping and handling are extra. Prices are subject to change without notice and subject to applicable tax es. 10192
November 1992
This Issue
FEATURES Cover Story Letters To The Editor The Firing Line - Jim Dalueg Response - On-Bike Takedown Unsafe Inside The L.AP.D. - Part 3 Sober Drivers to Be Recognized Drug Patch More Powerful Than Heroin Rocket Cocktails Mimic Drug Use New RCMP Boss In B.c. Wants Tighter Links Clean Air And Stopping Power Influence Vancouver Police Book Review: Drug Smuggling - The Forbidden Book Blue Line Classified Survival Tactics - Craig Best Mobile Crime Watch - Police and Cellular Phones New Aboriginal Policing Directorate Quick Facts - Canadian Centre For Justice ~:.tatistics Blue Line Alert! Sexual Assault and Battered Women In Germany A History of the Criminal Code - 1892-1992: - Part 3 Commentary: Extra Curricular Training - Christopher Lussow
3 4 4 5 6 7 7 7 8 9 9 10 11 12 12 13 13 14 20 22
NEWS Serial Killers Murder Close To Home Murder Rate Record High In U.S . Bankers Pay Tribute To Three Officers Police Futurists To Hold First Symposium Stats Show Youth Courts 15 Percent Busier This Year
16 16 16 17 17
PRODUCT NEWS AND VIEWS
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Bike Built For Long Hours Coat Combines Warmth & Safety Stopping Power of a 38 Special NEw Video Lets You Judge Pocket Criminal Code
Softride Bikes Blauer Jackets Rash-Ball Rodney King Case - Calibre Carswell Publishing By David Bluestein
Out Of The Blue
Now i'm going to read you your Charter of F~ights
November, 1992
3
Waterloo Region Police Dispatcher Tracy Scully at her post. Many Police agencies are rethinking their usage of resources in these budget tough times. Many programs have some positive side benefits on dispatchers as well as the officer on the beat and the citizens. In this issue you will read about an American police force which has begun to utilize cellular phones in an effort to both alleviate the dispatcher's lot in life and also bring the street officer closer to the citizens they serve. Talking directly to the people who call for assistance is certainly not unique to smaller agencies but it certainly is for the larger police forces . Front line officers using cellular phones can certainly go a long way toward closer cooperation \.Vith the community and also relieve the pressure on the "go-between" dispatcher. Our feature story this month is about sexual assault and battered women in Germany and how the police handle the problem of gaining the victim's trust in such matters. This article by Heinz Hachenberg certainly shows how universal the problem really is. In this issue we also present Craig Best \.Vith a demonstration of a simple technique many of us forgot in basic training. We will also introduce Quick Facts for you statistical bugs from the Canadian Centre For Justice Statistics.
-
Letters To The Editor Blue Lln. Magazme 12A~981 Hwy7 East St. 254. iatkham, 0nL
The Firing Lin _--"---_ _-'"'--~ III. . . . Okay! I'll Be The Target
LJR INI
Firearms Training I read Craig Best's article and found it most interesting. I would like to find out more about these simulators and the companies who manufacture them. I would appreciate any information you could provide for me. Keep up the excellent work. Pete Gibbenhuck Hope, British Columbia Editor's Note The product described in the story was made by Detroit Armour. You can get more information by calling Craig at the Officer Surviual Institute (514) 692-5752.
I Would Like To See ... There are a few things I would like to see in your magazine, how about: • a list of Canadian Police departments that are currently hiring . • a list of the Street Survival courses offered in Canada and near by cities in the U.S.A. • trends in growing municipal police forces replacing rural R. C.M. P. Then there is more of the same: • Keep up the product news • interesting articles • profiles of various departments (how about doing one on Edmonton Police Service, our Centennial is this year.) G. Plumite Edmonton, Alberta Editor's Notes Excellent suggestions! I got the list of treet Surviual Seminars and we will continue to keep you posted as long as the company has an interest in the Canadian market. As fort he rest I would certainly welcome any information on these topics. In fact our classified page is completely ee to any law enforcement agency or company looking to hire people with police experience. As for the oth r topics I would gladly welcome articles on anyone of them .
Whenever firearms, equipment and related training in law enforcement is brought up you can guarantee that much will be said. The establishment experts (political or otherwise) have done little more than spoon out quantities of verbal diarrhea when questioned about the current state of law enforcement training and equipment. The longer the line of questioning, the more the spoon transforms into a shovel! Yes, much has been said. But what exactly are we, them, really trying to say? I'm willing to bet there has been enough misinformation generated to choke every horse the Mounties ever rode! What have we actually done? Have Canadian law enforcement training concepts and practices changed or adapted to meet the advances made by today's criminal element? Technology alone in the area of weaponscraft has advanced dramatically during the past quarter century. Are Canadian law enforcement officers more knowledgeable and proficien t with their issue sidearms today than his/her counterpart of twenty-five years ago? It has been my experience that most (not all) police officers are bordering on useless when it comes to practical skill with their firearm . Take a realistic and hard look at your own performance or that of your fellow officers during qualification. I have found most officers I've spoken with will readily admit to being less than competent, or at least uncomfortable with their present skill level. This situation is not unique to any particular force or branch. Uniformed officers do not generally have more skill than their plainclothes counterparts. Length of service does not indicate a higher profiCiency level nor does sex or physical stature.
4
As police officers we cannot lay the blame entirely on politiS; or management for our current state. Apathy in the ranks towards practising on our own time, weapons maintenance etc. is a very real disease. Still, the problems associated with the lack of training are apparent. As police officers we have knO\Vn about the problem. Yet most training branches of most departments do little to improve the situation. Worse... some do nothing. I hope this editorial will stimulate some intelligent feedback from you the readers. Some who read this will find it aggravates them. If it does drop me a line and explain why. If you agree with some or all of what I have discussed let's hear that too. Having become the "cynical cop" I seldom take an expert's word for anything unless I see them put their money where their mouth is. (One old sage once said the word "expert" can be broken down into two parts. 'X " means an unknown quantity while "spurt" is a drip under a lot of pressure. ) If you have an idea or question, let's hear it. If you or your department were able to identify and rectify problems in relation to training, equipment, supplies, scheduling etc. the rest of Canada would like to know. Drop a line to my attention by writing to Blue Line Magazine, 12A4981 Hwy. 7 East, Ste. 254, Markham, Ontario L3R-1N1 or Fax (416) 6407547. Maybe we can stop re-inventing the wheel. November, 1992
Vol. 4 No. 9- November 1992 - EDITOR I PUBLISHER Morley S. Lymburner Phone(416)~3048
F~(416)~7547
Response: Bert Rainey
On-Bike Takedown Is Unsafe
- Contributing Editors Weapons & Tactics
James Dalueg Survival Tactics
Craig Best Arrvnunltion & Fireanns
Dave Langstroth Supervisory Principfes
Robert Holston Peer Counselling
Neil V. Thompson
• ADVERTISING Allan W. Stiver (Toronto) Phone (416) 294-5502 FAX (416) 294-8952
Ron Ganton (Vancouver) Phone (604) 214-3849 FAX (604) 274-9091
- CONTRIBUTING WRITERS· Richard DuPlain Chris Braiden Andrew Smith Craig Best Neil Thompson Morley Lymburner • ILLUSTRATION Tony MacKinnon Bette Clark Dave Sills Dave Bluestein BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Mary K. Lymbumer, M.Ed. Blu. Un. Magazine is~d~ , September 10 lIle, by l3kJo Line Maga>:1lo Incorpor.llod -Mlh a rnaii1g ad<Rss of. 12A · 4981 Hwy. 7 East, $te. 254, MOI1tham, 0rtIri0,L3R lNl . Editorial lUld copy is considered to be completely separate from advertising sales. No commitment for editorial coverage can fonn any part of a sale agreement. AD articles are protected by copyright No part of this pubfu:ation may be reproduced or tIansminedin any fonn orby any means. electronic or mechani· cal, including photocopying lUldrecordingorby anyinfoonation storage or retrieval system without pennission from the publisher. The au""'s, m$O($ and ptbIishor accept no iabiMy wIlalsoewr lor "'1 irjt.ries to pe<sons or Pfopelly re~ fttJm tho appication or adoption 01 onyoflho proc:oruros, ladic:o or comideraIions PfOsenlod" Itis magazilo. Readorc ... C3lboned and msed tNt articles ,.. senlodt.>roo arc edited and ~ flli'you- petSOnaI OWW8/lO$s and shooIdnotbeusodforfllthefaction\l6apPfOprialaacMceandgtldance is received from. ~ or Crown Attorney. Blue Line Magazine is an ildepend.... ptdcation doo91od to entertain, educato and upgade the $kIs of those iMJIo.oed " lhe law enfl)fcemonl Pfofossion. ft has no di'ed corUolfrom a law en1orCGlllOlt agency and is opi1ons and artJdos do not noc:ossarty relied tho opinions 01 "'1govemmen1 or poic:e8QOOCY. Blue Une Magazinelsprintld In Canada by PtoArt Graphics Umit.d.
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November, 1992
In the Summer issue of Blue Line Magazine, police officer's from Halton Region Bicycle Squad advocated onbike suspect takedowns. As an instructor for the Vancouver Police Department Bicycle Squad and having taught various RCM.P. Bicycle Patrol Units with Sergeant Paul Grady of the Seattle Police Department, I specifically instruct police officers not to do on-bike suspect takedowns. On-bike take downs are unsafe for two primary reasons: 1) A police officer can become entangled in his/ her bike as they go down. They are in an extremely vulnerable position with approximately thirty-five (35) @t~~&t~:wn pounds of metal on top of them and cannot prevent the suspect from escaping. 2) Takedowns do not usually occur on grass. Falling on pavement can result in disabling injuries such as broken collarbones or wrists (common among bike racers). This "steer wrestling" has already resulted in a broken leg in Seattle. Further, dismounting while your bike is still moving is often not effective; it requires almost perfect timing which is not easily attainable, especially on uneven terrain. Our program teaches police officers to follow a fleeing suspect, riding one behind the other. They " ride him/her out", with the second police officer hanging back in case the suspect changes direction or doubles back A push between the shoulder blades should send the suspect to the ground easily, particularly if they are tired. Our police officers are taught that if they come upon a suspect carrying a striking weapon to ride straight at them. When the suspect is within four (4) me-
5
ters, the police officer dismounts, immediately grabs the seat and pushes the bike at the suspect. The momentum of the bike against the suspect's groin keeps the police officer out of striking distance, and with the time it takes the suspect to decide what to do with the bike and react, the police officer is given valuable time to draw his/her weapon. When it comes to having people trapped under the weight of a bike, I would rather it be the suspect than the police officer, who grabbed at them while balancing on an inch and a half of rubber. Lastly, a past article advocated low visibility clothing and equipment r\)~?;.;>.t;;;tT't~r:::? which prevented recognition of police officers at a distance. The idea was that a police officer could " hide" somewhat from suspects. This bicycle officer is in a very dangerous situation riding in traffic, particularly at night or on grey or rainy days. Yellow jackets, and pants and jackets with reflective stripes allow motorists (the biggest danger on the road), to see police officers at a safe distance.Any clothing which causes a motorist to more qUickly recognize: (a) a cyclist, and (b) that the cyclist is a police officer may save a police officer's life.This benefit, in my opinion far outweighs any advantage derived by allowing a patrol officer to blend into the scenery. Besides, we already have the quiet speed and the agility of the bikes to approach suspects unnoticed. High visibility gear also sets a "safety example" for the riding public. I welcome feed back from other Police organizations regarding their experiences. It is through the common exchange of knowledge that we can all learn and enhance our Bicycle Units.
IIISIf)~ "r}l~ !.~~ ~P~f)~ Part 3 By Tom Rataj
The Training Program
Personnel Complaints
The LAPD training program starts with the recruits spending approximately 6 months at the academy, followed by a one year probationary period spent with Field Training Officers (FrO), and then continuous mandatory field training, as well as daily training at roll call. Emphasis is placed on the use of physical control skills with very little if any emphasis on ,the use of verbal control skills. During the one year of field training, recruits are rotated through a number of different FTOs to give them a balanced learning atmosphere. However, the Commission found that many FTOs openly perpetuated the siege mentality. It was suggested that the FTO program be completely overhauled, so that FTOs are more carefully selected and receive better training. The Commission also felt that conSiderably more emphasis should be placed on training the officer how to properly use verbal skills and to develop better human relationship skills.
The Commission found that the complaint system was manipulated against complaints, from initial reception, through to and including final resolution. Many tactics are employed to frustrate the process at every stage. What is really striking (oops, sorry) is that of 2,152 complaints of excessive force between 1986 and 1990 only 42 were sustained. The investigative procedures are embarraSSingly poor, such as interviewing several involved officers together at the same time, and an often over zealous judgement as to the independence of witnesses.
Promotion The LAPD promotional process as in most other jurisdictions considers a wide range of criteria including performance evaluations, education, and training. It also includes all sustained complaints while completely missing any record of non-sustained complaints. The report stressed that although complaint histories should not automatically bar an officer from the promotional process, they can provide a valuable indicator of officers who have a propensity towards violence or unacceptable behavior. Again, as everywhere else, the uniform position is the bottom of the heap, and in order to be promoted an officer more or less needs to leave the uniform position. Since the uniform patrol function is the largest, and has the most direct contact with the public the report suggested increased rewards and incentives for patrol officers, as a means of retaining experienced officers in the field.
Excessive Force The apparent problem with excessive force in the LAPD was identified by the report as being the result of problems with lack of management, poor supervision, and poor leadership. Even Chief Gates openly admitted during the proceedings that he thought the Department was doing a poor job of management and supervisory accountability. The results of this poor management are revealed in the department's own statistics; the top 10% of officers (ranked by the number of excessive force/improper tactics allegations) accounted for 27.5% of the total number of such allegations between Jan. 1986 and Dec. 1990. Some individual officers had a total of over 50 reports involving a combination of excessive force, improper tactics, use of force, or shooting reports in their files during this same time period. One particular officer Sighted in the report, was identified in the recruiting stage as having a problem controlling his temper. He accumulated a staggering 19 personal complaints, 3 shootings, and 11 excessive force complaints in his first 2 years, (that averages more than 1 per month !). And if that wasn't enough he accumulated another 43 complaints over his remaining 17 years on the department (down to just under 5 per year!) In fairness the report sights the fact that many of the problem officers work
6
in tough high-Crime areas, and as such are more likely to be involved in incidents that result in the use of force and! or result in complaints. But it also pOinted out that many other productive officers working in the same areas did not seem to attract that same quantity of complaints.
Officer Involved Shootings Every shooting incident is subject to an " administrative" investigation as it is a potential breach of internal policy. However, the investigation of these types of incidents is conducted in a manner that makes criminal proceedings very difficult to pursue. The result is that these "administrative" investigations which are all conducted prior to any investigation by the DA, often obtain compelling statements, which can never be used in criminal proceedings. The LAPD 's treatment of "officer involved shootings" was even less strict than many other misconduct situations. Although LA was ranked highest in the number of civilians wounded or killed by police in 1986, the most severe discipline imposed was a 10 day suspension.
NEXT MONTH : The Commission's Recommendations
Do Headlines Tell A Story? Here is a sampling of headJines in the Los Angeles area around the time of the Rodney King iDcident~
Office r Suspect In Fost er Child's Deat h Police Officer Suspected In Serial Rapes Man Run Down by Police Officer Officer's Suicide Connect ed With Missing Person Office r Arrested Afte r Bar Room Robbery
November, 1992
Sober Drivers To Be Recognized In Unique Program
Snowmobile enthusiasts are out on the trails and with the increased number of snowmobilers, there is also an increased number of snowmobile accidents. Many of these accidents are alcohol related. Statistics for the period 198789 revealed a total of 198 people were killed in snowmobile crashes in Canada. 81 % had been drinking and 66% had a blood alcohol concentration in excess of 80 mgs. Six out of every ten drivers were legally impaired. To address the issues of drinking and snowmobiling, the Wawa Healthy Lifestyles Coalition joined forces with the Wawa Detachment of the Ontario Provincial Police and the Michipicoten Township Police Service in implementing the " Thank You For Being A Sober Snowmobiler" program. Provincial Police Constable Fern Labelle and Constable John Scott of the Michipicoten Police Service have spent many hours in planning the program to ensure its success and acceptance in the community. With the assistance of the Wawa Healthy Lifestyles Coalition, the Sober Driver Committee was able to outfit a sleigh to be used on the trails. The sleigh is designed to carry a radar unit, an approved alcohol screening device, first aid equipment, blankets, snowshoes, flares, teddy bear, " Thank You" tokens (folders and buttons), and educational November, 1992
pamphlets detailing safe driving. Sponsorships for the program ensures the continued availability of " Thank You" tokens that are handed out to sober snowmobilers to positively reinforce them for being sober while snowmobiling. The cooperation and collaboration by the organizations and police services involved with the program allows for a positive community solution to the issue of drinking and driving. With the cooperation of everyone working together, the local Township Police and Provincial Police Detachment are able to join forces on the snowmobile trails and assist in the process of educating the public about drinking and driving, as well as thanking them for being sober drivers. With an increase in public awareness and knowledge around alcohol and drinking, the community hopes to eventually see a reduction in the number of alcohol related snowmobile accidents in Canada. The Sober Driver Committee hopes to see this program expand to other communities across the province and would be happy to assist other interested communities by sharing with them, information about the program. More information may be obtained by contacting Constable M. W. Gould at (705) 856-2233 or writing to Ontario Provincial Police Box 19, Wawa Ontario, POS 1KO.
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Drug Patch More Powerful Than Heroin A potentially deadly new street drug, worn as a patch on the skin and giving users a three-day, heroin-like high, has alarmed authorities in Albany, New York. Veteran narctoics officer, Albany Sheriffs Department Inspector John Burke, said the fentanyl patch, legally manufactured for use by cancer patients, turned up in a drug bust after a woman wearing the patch was arrested in the Albany County Courthouse. Fifty-milligram fentanyl patches are selling in the Albany area streets for $25, and 100-miligram doses are selling for $50. "You don't need a needle, you don't need to cook it," Burke said. "When you search somebody, you're not going to find anything. Even if you frisk somebody, it's going to be hard to find, " he said. Fentanyl is listed as a narcotic under the Canada Narcotic Control Act Schedule section 16.
Rocket Cocktails Mimic Drug Use In Britain Cocktail Rockets are the latest drink craze among young drinkers in Great Britain night clubs. Concern by many is not only the fact they are intended to get people intoxicated quicker but the product is marketed to mimic drug usage. The rockets contain 24 percent alcohol and are comparable with a standard mixed drink or cocktail. They are packaged in a plastic tube resembling a syringe but without the needle. The consumer cuts the end of the tube and pushes the plunger which squirts the contents directly onto the back of the throat. Consumers report getting an "instant high" from the product. The products come with names such as "Fuel Injection", "Full Thrust" and "Crash Landing". The manufacturer, Headlevel, advertises the Cocktail Rockets as "mind-blOwing" in ads aimed at young drinkers. While drink industry people say its disgraceful the manufacturer says it saves bartenders time.
New RCMP Boss In B.C. Wants To Tighten Links To Other Forces
Clean Air And Stopping Power Influence Vancouver Police Purchase Of Motorcycles
Kim Pemberton Vancouver Sun
B. C. 's top Mountie, deputy com- without regionalization, eventually pomissioner Joseph Farrell, is tackling the lice forces in B. C. must have a standardlong-simmering issue of poor communi- ized communications system. cations between RCMP and other poFarrell is also attempting to improve lice forces . the relationship between RCMP and "Right now we don't have ease of B.C. 's native communities. Farrell, who communication with . - - -........._ _.--.....................,......~........._............, oversaw RCMP Vancouver police," deployments in Quesaid Farrell, who has bec during the Oka been managing crisis, said he has B.C. 's 4,600 RCMP tried to meet as many members and 1,200 aboriginal leaders as support people for a possible since movyear. ing to Vancouver. " I would like to The 36-year have our own comRCMP veteran said munication system he is supportive of (between the two poany native grouptaklice forces) . I've ing charge of policasked for that type of ing its own community - as is the case in study to take place. " FarrellsaidasimiLillooet. But, hecaular study on a system tions, he believes to allow RCMP to such a force would communicate dineed time for its rectly with municipal Deputy Commissioner Joseph Farrell members to gain expolice forces has just L -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- - - ' perience and have been completed on Vancouver Island. proper leadership for it to succeed. Because RCMP and Vancouver po"Believe me, we have more than we lice are on different communications can handle. We're not looking for busisystems, officers have had difficulties ness," he said. " As far as I'm concerned speaking to one another during an inci- the RCMP will do everything in our dent - such as when a fleeing suspect has power to support them. " crossed from Vancouver into Burnaby, In the meantime, he said, the RCMP is continuing to try to attract natives to which is policed by RCMP. Now, officers from different forces consider the force as a career. Farrell also said ideally officers should have to relay messages to one another through a dispatcher at a communica- spend half of their time doing preventive policing, but because of the increased tion centre. "The recommendation (from the load of paperwork police, in some cases, Vancouver Island study) was it's feasi- are unable to do anything but respond to ble, but realistically we won't be able to calls. do it for a long time," said Farrell. "The "I don't think we have enough remoney is not available, and there are sources in the force . I don 't think the too many things in the air right now. force can do the job alone. We have to Regionalization in Victoria is key right have the support of the citizens, whether it's serving as auxiliary officers, working now." Regionalization would mean an amal- in Victims Services or Block Watch. The gamation of the different police forces bottom line is we're all citizens of the community so we all depend on one on Vancouver Island. Still, Farrell believes that with or another ...
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FollOwing a period of extensive evaluation, the Vancouver City Police Force has purchased four BMW motorcycles equipped with catalytic converters. These are the first police motorcycles on the continent to be delivered with catalytic converters and demonstrate the police department's commitment to ecologic responsibility. In a press release issued in June Vancouver police stated, "Motorcycles equipped with' emission control equipment can significantly enhance engine efficiency and reduce exhaust pollution. The BMW K75 models purchased by Vancouver emit approximately 50 percent less hydrocarbons, 30 percent less nitrous oxide and 70 percent less carbon monoxide than comparable models without catalytic converters.We feel that we are making a commitment to the principles of cleaner air." In 1988, BMW became the world's first motorcycle manufacturer to offer an anti-lock braking system. ABS adds a margin of braking safety that has won a lot of praise from police officers who must deal with road conditions every day. It allows controlled stopping in wet conditions and is invaluable in panic stops or heavy stop-and-go traffic. Another factor in the purchasing decision was BMW's longstanding reputation for precise engineering and manufacture. The press release stated the four motorcycles will likely lead the way for the Vancouver Police Department. 'We are proud to introduce these clean-air motorcycles and we are confident the officers will enjoy riding them. We believe the taxpayers of Vancouver will receive excellent value with the new equipment. November, 1992
look Review By Morley Lymburner
This is going to be the strangest book review you have probably ever read. I am going to tell you what I think of the book and then I am going to tell you all the hoops I am going to make you go through to get a copy.
This book is for real! In fact it is too real and I am simply not going to promote the sales of it. I do, however, feel there is some value for law enforcement people to read it. The author, K. Hawkeye Gross, is an accomplished drug smuggler. He has smuggled drugs out of Mexico, South America, and Jamaica and, as he says, has made all the mistakes one could make in the business. In some bizarre reasoning he has decided to pass along what he knows of the business to future generations. Here is a sampling of the index:; "How To Play The Game" "How to deal with the money" "The smuggler and the Justice System" There are some interesting sub-Chapters as well; "Getting the gang together", "Finding a source "Fake identification ''Moving money". "Sock it somewhere "When the cash starts to flow". This guy seems to know what he is talking about and I am frankly quite fl.
fl. fl.
surprised there are such books out there. Given today's morality perhaps I should not be so nieve or surprised. This is the first paragraph on the back cover which promotes the book; "Ifdanger. adventure. and the promise ofan out-of-this-worldpaycheck offer you an opportunity you can't refuse in spite of the risks involved in fighting the drug war on the wrong side ofthe law. this book will give you a realistic idea ofjust what you will be up against. " Its interesting, well written and insightful. It is in paperback and not too expensive. I will not tell you the publisher because I do not want to promote it. Because there is some stuff in it that would be of interest to some officers Blue Line Magazine will only sell it with a letter from the Chief or senior NCO on departmental letterhead. Blue Line will invoice directly to the agency so don't bother sending payment. I don't think this will eliminate the possibility of someone with criminal intent getting a copy of this book but at least I will sleep better at night.
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November, 1992
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ovember 11 -13
POINTTS Franchise available
treet urvival '92 Seminar
We are looking fo r an ambitious individual or individuals to become the Owner/ Operator of an established franchise. The area to be serviced by this franchise is quite large, with an expanding population base. Cash investiment is required. Please call POINTTS Advisory Limited at (416) 234-9200 4-37-7-8
Toronto- Ontario alibre Press will be presenting their threeday eminar at the Toronto Skyline Hotel. For further information call 800-323-0037 or Fax (708) 498-6869
Februa ry 8 - 12
International Law E nforcement Winter Game
The PEACEMAKER is published quarterly by the Canad ian Fellowship of Christian Peace Officers (CFCPO) . a federal nonprofit corporation wh ich encourages peace officers locally. nationally and intemationally to join in fellowship. If you would like to be placed on the mailing list, or would like to receive more inform ation about CFCPO membership. send your req uest with your name , occupation . address and phone nu mber to:
Ottawa - Ontario The 1993 game will be hosted in Ottawa. The ga m will be sponsored by the Ontario Law Enforcement Athletic Association. All sworn Fede ra l, Provi ncia l, a nd Muni cipa l Law Enforcement officers, acti e or retired, are eligible. Events include Badminton, basketball, broomball, curling, dart , hockey, volleyball, and skiing. For further information call (61 3) 225- 1204.
F bruary 11-12, 1993 Th Dynamics of Critical Incidents Prince Alb rt - a katchewan The Prince Albert Police Department is proud to pre ent this two day seminar on critical incidents, police relationships and tre and burnout in the police proffession. The key note speaker will be Dr. William Lew in ski , Ph .D ., Director, Law E nforce me nt Pro g ram , Manakato Uni er ity, Minnesota. For further details contact Garry Ryhorchuk (306) 922-5380.
October 31 - November 5 1993
Interntational Association of Women Police Conference Vancouver- Briti h Columbia The Canadian Branch of the lA W.P. wi ll be ho ting the 31st Annual Trai ning onference to be he ld in the Hotel Vancouver. The theme of the session will be "Global Policing: A spirit of unity" . For further details call (604) 681 -5226 or FAX (604) 681 -2503.
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Law Enforcement Agencies Advertise FREE. Do you have some surplus equipment you have been trying to move out. Ust it here and convert it to cash. It Certa.ioly would belp balance the budget and it may help out another agency who may just need it. Bow about those old radios, sirens, roof Ughts, weapons, computet' equipinent or typewriters. You've been looking for a way to upgrade and now you have a chance to Uquidate your present supply. FAX us at (416) 640-7547.
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Sharing the Truth and the Way and the Life Our Lord Jesus Christ
Clas ified advertising i a Free service to law enforcement agencies and related personnel support groups. Other persons and organizations may place their notices in this section at a price of $40.00 per insertion up to 25 words. (paid subscribers pay $30.00) Add $2.00 per word overthis amount. Word count does not include phone number or beading. Editor reserves tbe right to revise, edit or refuse any notice not deemed to be appropriate. Payment ,to accompany copy for insertion, may be by cheque, Visa or MasterCard number (include expiry date please) Deadline i thefirst of the month prior to publication. (eg. October 1 t for November i sue) Mail to : Bille Line Classified 12A4981 Hwy. 7 East Ste.254 Markham, Ontario L3R l N1
or FAX (416) 640-7547 November, 1992
Survival Tactics By Criag Best Mandibular Angle Pressure Point Intervening in domestic disputes can be very dangerous due to the high emotions present. Officers, when viewing an assault, should be prepared to take immediate action. This action should be the most effective method possible keeping in mind the necessity not to use excessive force . There are several simple techniques which, if perfected, can be extremely effective at gaining control over assailants, uncooperative people in taverns or removing people from cars. Judging by the subject's face, the pain compliance technique appears to be working. The subject will most likely submit to the officer at this point.
Utilizing the "Mandibular Angle" pressure pOint the officer approaches an assailant from the rear as he is choking his victim.The officer pulls the subject backwards off balance. Stabilizing the subjects head, the officer applies a mandibular angle pressure point in order to effect a release and control the assailant. (Note the officer's gun side is away from the subject)
Another tactic is to manipulate the hypoglossal nerve. Your finger or thumb should find the hollow spot along the inside on the jawbone then pressure is applied toward the tongue. Stabilization of the head is very important.
In this demonstration the officer is stabilizing the subject and locating the pressure point which will maintain the control the officer needs.
Another option is applying pressure to the infra orbital nerve. Note the officer's fingers are closed to avoid being bitten. The angle of pressure is upward toward the centre of the head. Also the thumb on the hand that is stabilizing is tight against the hand also to avoid being bitten.
November, 1992
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Mobile Crime Watch: Police On Neighbourhood Patrol Now Carry Cellular Phones Badge, gun, handcuffs, cellular telephone. The list of standard police equipment became a little less standard earlier this year with the addition of McCaw/ Cellular One cellular telephones for eleven community officers in the City of Fort Lauderdale. Residents are now able to talk di'rectly to their assigned community police officers by phone for nonemergencies, rather than going through the regular police communications center. With the introduction of Cellular One's Mobile Crime Watch, officers are now equipped with Motorola 750s, plus an allotment of 200 minutes of complimentary airtime each month, for each phone, in each of the 11 neighborhoods. The eleven neighbourhoods have community police officers who are regularly assigned to patrol one area. Neighborhood residents received a magnetic sticker with the cellular telephone number painted on it, as well as a brochure which explains reporting procedures. The concept promotes a closer relationship between one neighbourhood
and one officer per shift, closing the communications gap between emergency and non-emergency situations. Typically, non-emergency calls include activities of a suspicious or disruptive nature which could easily lead to a crime. The cellular phone also enables the officer to call City about Hall neighborhood problems that the city should handle such as: code violations, stray animals, and to have the ability to call residents for more information about a crime if needed. True emergencies are still confined to 911. "Having a cellular telephone in the patrol car helps us respond more quickly to the needs of the neighborhood, " said Captain George Long of the Fort Lauderdale Police Department. "It gives us the capability to be on someone's doorstep within minutes of the call. .. Cellular One is anxious to see the program work. It is now in its sixth month of operation. If all goes well, he anticipates introducing it into other neighbourhoods in Rorida. For further information contact Jacqueline Stewart at (407) 640-1185.
ODD
Solicitor General Launches New Aboriginal Policing Directorate The AbOriginal Policing Directorate began operations last April and will assume responsibility for the First Nations Policing Program (Formerly the Indian Policing Program), which was transferred from the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development. The new Directorate will be responsible for improving policing services for Aboriginal peoples, including the implementation of the on-reserve AbOriginal policing issues flowing from the Aboriginal Justice Initiative. The First Nations Policing Policy, announced in June, provides a basis for improvements in the level and quality of policing services in First Nations communities and for greater involvement by First Nations peoples in the administration of policing services. The transfer of the Policing Program is a positive step as it links First Nations communities directly with the federal department responsible for policing. The Directorate will work to ensure First Nations communities have police services that are responsive to community needs, respectful of their culture, and that are of the same level and quality as police services elsewhere in Canada. Canada presently has some 660 First Nations Police officers policing reserves across the country. The cost of maintaining the agencies is split 52 percent by the Federal Government and 48 percent by ProvinciallT erritorial Governments.
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November, 1992
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- Motor vehicle thefts reported to police increased by 17 percent between 1980 and 1990. In 1990, 108,056 motor vehicles were reported stolen, up from 92,256in 1980. While the actual number of motor vehicles stolen increased during the last 10 years, the rate of stolen vehicles remained relatively unchanged, ranging from five and seven vehicles stolen per thousand. - On average, almost one in four stolen motor vehicles were not recovered between 1980 and 1990. However, the proportion of vehicles not recovered has increased from 19 percent in 1980 to 27 percent in 1990. - Motor vehicle thefts were highest in Quebec (10/1000), followed by British Columbia (81l000) . The Atlantic provinces reported rates considerably lower than the rest of Canada, with Newfoundland reporting the lowest at 2 per thousand. Ontario reported 4 .5 thefts per thousand or half that recorded in its neighbouring province of Quebec. - The offence of robbery presents some interesting figures as well. The number of robberies in Canada has increased from 76 per 100,000 to 106 between 1974 to 1990, an increase of39 percent. However robbery as a proportion of all violent crime has decreased from 14 percent in 1974 to 10 percent in 1990. - There are marked regional differences in the robbery rate in Canada. The lowest rates are in the Atlantic provinces, while Quebec has the highest robbery rate. - Another interesting fact is 75 percent of robbery victims are not injured. Of those who are injured, 35 percent are injured by physical force, 20 percent by handguns, and about 20 percent by knives. Less than 4 percent of robbery victims are seriously injured. - Finally, 23 percent of all violent crime victims were teenagers but they make up only 12 percent of the population.
November, 1992
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Sexual Assault and Battered Women In Germany It i a global problem but few police agencies set up special squads to handle uch case . In this article the importance of sexual assualt and battered women quads is explainedfrom the German experience. by Heinz Hachenberg Here in Canada as well as in the United States very few Police Forces have an office or a representative that deals mainly in offences against women that have been sexually assaulted or beaten by a husband or boyfriend. In Germany, especially in Bavaria, this has been an active department since 1987. It all started at a meeting of the Bavarian legislature in 1986, when some of the female members of the Bavarian parliament spoke out and criticized that the police was neglecting reports of women that had been either sexually assaulted or battered by husbands or boyfriends. Many of the mistreated woman were also ashamed talking to male police officers about these occurrences. It was suggested that every Police Headquarters in Bavaria should have a special female representative for these woman, so that they could speak freely. One of these representatives is Kriminalhauptkommissarin (equivalent to a Superintendent) Christine Steinherr in the Police Headquarters in Munich. Christine started her career in the Bavarian police in 1969 in the city of Landshut (Bavaria) . After two years of schooling and special training she was promoted to Kriminalhauptwachtmeisterin (Detective onstable First Class) and started her duty as a representative for sexual abused woman in Landshut. During this period it was impossible as a female to fulfill regular duties as a police officer, only as a female detective in the Kriminalpolizei, a separate branch of the German police. Members of the Kriminalpolizei do not wear uniforms at all, they receive a clothing allowance from the government in order to purchase suits and other wear that is used during duty hours. The amount is the same for male or female detectives. In 1975 Christine finished the Police Academy in order to become a Senior Officer in the Criminal police, and she
started her duty as such in the Police Headquarters in the district of Schwaben. DUring the years she was again promoted and was transferred to the Police Headquarters in Munich is 1984. Since October 1969 she has been in charge of the section for battered and sexual abused women. Her title "Beauftragte fuer Frauentragen" translated into English "Representative forfemale matters" describes her type of work. She is the link between the battered and sexually abused women and the courts. She informs these women that confide in her, of the preliminary proceedings and the understanding of her duties as a detective who has to interrogate the perpetrator. An information session with a victim usually contains the follOwing points of interest: .:. Information of centres for psychological and emotional problems. .:. Procurement to the " White Circle", which is comparable with our legal aid, in order to obtain a lawyer at no cost. .:. Information of her rights at a criminal
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trial, here especially about the victims protection programs. Also, if the victim wishes, the detective will accompany her to the trial for safety matters . •:. Prevention possibilities in case of a future attack or abuse. .:. It is also the duty of the Superintendent in Charge to inform uniformed officers at official meetings or in police colleges about the prejudice towards female victims of rape or abuse. .:. With the use of the media to aid women's groups to help and support the victims of such crimes and to regain their confidence. .:. Arrange public discussions on these matters and collect all available information, evaluate the same and use it for future prevention. .:. Exchange information with homes for battered and abused women and other comparable institutions. Through these practical procedures one can learn many criminal and psychological processes that are very useful for future cases no matter how different they are from each other. The slogan of the office of Superintendent Christine Steinherr and her Assistant Detective Sergeant Renate Schober is: "Together! - against violence on body and soul" .
"Do not be afraid. .. Trust will bring help. "
This identifying slogan says it all for women suffering from sexual abuse or beatings. The logo and slogan was designed for the Munich based squad specializing in sexual assault and abused women.
November, 1992
Sowing the seed of liberation
Knowledge is the seed to liberation for many women. Here are some passages from one of the more popular brochures produced by the Bavarian
Government in cooperation with women should have meetings or conferChristine's offices; ences in order to exchange knowledge "Women, defend yourselves against and procedures. This is a very important any force used on you! We know, that factor in our present era of violence. women that have been raped, abused, molested, ill treated or are the victim of any other crime, are at times ashamed of reporting these facts to the police. They are searchingfor protection and help, but cannotjindthe right person to confer with. "In many cases the victim is left without help, the perpetrator not taken into custody, the case will never be brought before any court because the victims are afraid of the aftermath at the police stations and in the courts, instead ofconjiding with the authorities. INSIGNIA PRODUCTS Carlo Dalgas Ltd. specializes in "It does not matter who committed the custom made Lapel pins, Police and act ofviolence, a member ofyourfamily or Military Badges, Leather 1.0. cases, a stranger; report the act to the nearest Embroidered Crests, Medallions, and police station or come and talk to me. Souvenir spoons. High quality insignia "Women! have faith. Defend yourself products at very affordable prices are against violence. Speak to your partner, available now. For more information contact: Carlo Dalgas Ltd., the police! Call 1-1-0. " 1885 Briarcrook Cres., Much the same as Crime-Stoppers, Mississauga, Ont. L4X 1X3 the members of police forces from all (416) 625-8061 Fax: (416) 625-4911. over the world who battle crimes on
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November, 1992
15
... news beat ... news beat ... news beat ... Serial Killers Murder Close To Home, Officer's Study Reports Kim Pemberton Vancouver un Crime Reporter
Most criminals are basically lazy even serial killers. Consequently their crimes are often committed near their "activity space" - their homes and work places, says a Vancouver police officer who is stUdying the target patterns of serial killers. " It's the least effort principle," says onstable Kim Rossmo, referring to serial killers. "Some criminals are mobile. They'll travel allover the place. But the majority are relatively stable (in their travel patterns) and like normal people will search for things, groceries and other commodities, close to home. " Although Rossmo's geographical profiling is being used by police investigating erial killers, he has not yet gone to court in a serial killer case. However, he did use the profiling to testify earlier this year at the trial of convicted Saanich arsonist Manley Bing Eng. " His geographic profile of crimes was consistent with his geographic activities. He was charged with 10 arsons but convicted of nine. They were all fairly close to part of his activity space," says Rossmo. " If you put that evidence with other evidence it all goes together to build a case. Cases are solved by the investigator and this is one tool for the investigator to use." Rossmo, who has been a police officer for 13 years and has a masters degree in criminology from Simon Fraser University, began his study of serial killers three years ago. So far he has collected data of more than 100 serial killers and when his research is completed he expects there will be about 200 on file . The study, believed to be the only one of its kind in North America, is expected to be completed within three years.
"I wanted to do something useful for police in my research. I know location is important to police and patrol officers intuitively know where to patrol but any assistance they can get from analysis is all the better. " He says geographic profiling of a crime would allow police to know where to saturate their patrols, and would help investigators prioritize their suspects. Rossmo noted that in the Green River killer investigation there are approximately 1,500 suspects. The Green River killer, whose first victim was found in July 1982, is believed responsible for the slaying of at least 36 women in the Pacific Northwest.
Rossmo's research findings so far have been available to police departments for the past year, but have been used primarily by RCMP. Rossmo said he could not say which RCMP investigations are involved. He also presented his research at the First International Conference on Serial Killers and Mass Murder in Windsor in April, and will again give details of his work in November at a meeting of the American Society of Criminology.
Murder Rate Is Record High Violent crime in the United States reached a record high last year and teenagers committed one-sixth of all homicides according to crime statistics released in September. The report indicated there were 24,703 Americans murdered last year which translates into a 4 .3 per cent increase over the year before.
Bankers Pay Tribute To Three Officers
Three Canadian police officers have received the Canadian Bankers' Law EnforcementA ward at the annual convention ofthe Canadian Association ofChiefs ofPolice, held in Victoria (B.c.) in late August. They are (from left to right) Constable Paul Greenaway and Thomas Warner of the Metropolitan Toronto Police Force; and Sergeant Gaston Lafleur ofthe Quebec City Police Department. The gold medals were created 21 years ago and are awarded annually to police officers who display outstanding determination and courage in the fight against bank crime.
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November, 1992
... news beat ... news beat ... news beat ... Police Futurists To Hold First Symposium
Stats Show Youth Courts 15 Percent Busier This Year
The Society of Police Futurists International (PFI), announced its first Symposium, "Police Leadership in the 21st Century" to be held May 2-5, 1993 at the Maritime Institute in Baltimore, Maryland. The purpose of PFI is to foster excellence in policing by promoting and applying the discipline of Futures Research. Symposium topics will include "Social Factors, Information, Technology and Police Management" and "People in Policing." Persons interested in submitting papers on these topics for presentation at the Symposium or published as a part of the Symposium proceedings are invited to do so. Abstracts of the papers, not to exceed 100 words, will be due to the appropriate Topic Coordinator by December 15, 1992 and, if accepted, the completed papers will be due March 1, 1993. Abstracts are to be typewritten with complete sentences, single-spaced and typed as a single paragraph. No references or graphics please. Abstracts should be sent to one of the follOwing topic coordinators: D"Social Factors" - Dr. Gary Cordner, Department of Police Studies, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475. o "In!ormation, Technology and Police Management" - Dr. Robert Taylor, Department of Social Sciences, University of Texas at Tyler, 3900 University Blvd., Tyler Texas 75701-6600. D''People and Policing" - Dr. Allan D. Sapp, Department of Criminal Justice, Central Missouri State University, Warrensburg, Missouri 64093. Pre-registration costs for the three day Symposium will be $100 for SPFI members and $175 for non-members plus room, per diem and travel expense. Membership in the Society is open to full time law enforcement officer. For further information contact Lt. Daniel Arkenau (513) 352-6459 or Fax (513) 352-6908.
Statistics indicated the number of cases heard in Canadian Youth Courts this past year has increased by more than 15 percent over the previous year.
November, 1992
Offences By Young Offenders 1991-92
'I'QA. VIOI ationa
•
(21 %) while break and enter came second (15%) as the most popular offence committed. Other figures pointed out 42 percent of dispositions by the court ended with probation while 30 percent were sent to some form of custody. (17% open custody and 13% secure custody). In 1991-92, statistics indicate 23 percent of cases receiving a secure or open custody disposition were sentenced to less than one month, a further 46 percent received a sentence of 1 to 3
Ot her OUence/) 41
Disposition of Young Offenders The Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics (CCJS) released the figures in late September but added a couple of qualifiers . The number does not reflect the province of Ontario because there were no statistics gathered for the previous year to compare and British Columbia could only provide partial data for the present year. In spite of the problem Stats Canada say they are confident the figures show an accurate trend as a national picture. The CCJS numbers indicate that 116,397 young offenders were charged with 2-13-,437--eharges: The most "C('}oTfmt--mon charge was theft under $1,000
FLASHES By Tony MacKinnon
"Use a coat hanger? Why on earth would I have used a coat hanger?"
17
1991-92
.,
1 k) 3 mon ll'lt
months while 31 percent were sentenced to longer than 3 months. Another interesting statistic shows that 82 percent of youths charged were males and over 52 percent involved 16 and 17 nyo;ea;:nt--orill-rldrymO"llu-rfL-hh-.:-s.- IftL'wrr.a",,:!>rll-t1n.liso-ngrtlO--rrUrrprtl-t1r,lartL was routinely charged before the Younger Offenders Act came along.
Product News & Views
Coat Combines Warmth And with a shock-absorbing shear layer in the center accom- Safety
A Bike Built For Long Patrol Hours
The"SOFTRIDE" Rear Suspension System (SRS) is the preferred rear bicycle suspension system of Pacific Northwest Bicycle Police Squads due to the comfort and added performance the system provides to the male and female officers who weigh between 150 to 250 pounds in full patrol gear, and ride an average eight hour shift, five day a week . "It's a night and day difference in comfort when you ride on a conventional seat post and then get on a SOFTRIDE Rear Suspension System . This system has greatly reduced the stress on my body especially on those occasions when you pull a 16-112 hour work day," Patrol Officer Gene Miller of Tacoma, Washington's Police Department's Bicycle Squad said. Miller, who's been riding on the system for nine months, is one of seven Tacoma bicycle squad patrol officers. "The terrain our bicycles endure range from smooth to hilly to areas covered with potholes and railroad tracks. With the SRS attached, your rear never leaves the seat which enables you to pedal
non-stop over whatever terrain you may be confronted with on and off the road," Miller said. This unique patented design suspends the bicycle rider allowing five inches of rear suspension travel and eliminating the need for a seatpost. By doing so, the SRS acts as a buffer, absorbing road shock thus, providing improved control at high speeds, reducing fatigue, allowing better traction, improving rider comfort, and improving braking control. " Due to the comfort the SRS provides, we stay out on patrol longer. This system also allows me to remain seated while pedalling over terrain that use to force me to stand. By allowing me to stay seated, I can maneuver my bike better and quicker," Sgt. David W. Richards of Bellingham, Washington's Police Department said. The effective fabrication of SOFT RIDE's RearSuspension System (SRS) by incorporating fiberglass, carbon, elastomeric and rigid polyurethane, and T ACTIX 123 epoxy resin, produces a suspension system that consists of two composite beam halves
plished by combining highspeed reaction injection molding, and preforming resin transfer molding. Each SRS composite beam measures 27 inches long, weighs approximately 600 grams, and retrofits to most traditional bicycle frames. In concert with the SRS, SOFTRIDE has developed a front suspension system (SFS) designed as a parallelogram twin stem. The stem inserts into the bicycle's steering tube with no frame modications necessary. An adjustable steel helix spring dampens low amplitude, high frequency vibrations and high amplitude, low frequency vibrations . Through this process, the SFS encounters and absorbs the road shock before it effects the rider. By displacing road shock away from the rider, the SFS gives cyclists precise steering control and comfort. The SFS isolates the pitch of the handlebars to work in conjunction with the motion of the rider's arms and hands providing maximum torsional support. TheSFS provides up t03" of progressive shock absorbing front wheel travel. It has no seals, hydrauliCS, or complicated mechanics, therefore requiring little or no maintenance.
Contact Mitch Rydholm at (206) 734-9090, ext: 402, for special police bike patrol discounts for SOFTRlDE Suspension Systems.
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Blauer Manufacturing has just introduced its "Exce1l5030", which the company claims to be an extremely warm and versatile uniform for cold weather. Beneath the outer shell fabric of Super-Taslan is a permanent full lining of Thinsulate, a proven performer from 3M Company. The coat has an elasticized Bi-Swing back which frees shoulder and arm motion; the twopiece sleeves more comfortably conform to a natural arm bend. The high-neck sport collar is insulated; knit neckback and wristlets help keep out the cold. For additional safety, the buttondQ\.\lO sleeve tabs can be reversed to deploy silver or high visibility lime scotchlite retro-reflective stripes around each cuff. This coat uses a snap·over double storm-flap to protect the full-length high impact Delrin zipper. There is upper reverse-welt handwarmer pockets plus double entry inverted pleat lower pockets. Inside there is another large, zippered pocket. Options indued badge and name plate holders and matching Thinsulate lined hoods. Colour options are police blue or black. Men's sizes range from small to xxx-large (regular and long), women's small to x-large. For futher information contact Blauer Manufacturing, (617) 536-6606.
November, 1992
Product News & Views
The Stopping Power Of A 38 Special New Video Lets You Judge And Non-Lethal The Evidence The Jury Saw
Already in use by special patrol squads in Switzerland, a new non-lethal double barrelled gun is being introduced to the North American market by Partanen Sales International - out of Canada. "FLASH-BALL" designed by a ballistics instructor with expertise in arms and ammunition, was developed in response to growing international pressure for a safer alternative to riot-control methods such as CS gas, water cannon and plastic bullets. The gun is made from a mixture of carbon fibre, plastic and glass fibre. There is a choice of 3 types of projectile, each about the size of a golf ball, one made of rub-
ber, another a putty-like material, and lastly an ink-marker ball. Impressively effective with a range of up to 100 yards, the FLASH-BALL can also be safely used in enclosed or high risk areas (airplanes, computer installations etc.) on account of the projectiles used. With two barrels each approximately an inch and three quarters in diameter, the FLASHBALL looks like a prop from the latest Hollywood science fiction film and the detonation power of its shells is equal to that of a 12 bore gun. In police tests, an officer wearing a bullet-proof jacket was knocked flat with a bullet fired at his chest. With a low projectile speed, as compared to conventional ballistics, FLASH-BALL is a weapon that may not require licensing in some localities, but Partanen Sales International representative Eric Partanen says, "we feel obligated to exercise some control as to how the gun is marketed and who it is marketed to." For more details on this weapon call (416) 940-4477 or Fax 497-4175.
Pocket Criminal Code For 1993 Ready To Order The new edition of Canada's most popular Criminal Code is now available from Carswell. The Pocket Criminal Code for 1993 still comes in the same size as previous years and has been updated to include a large number of changes since last year's edition. The pocket Criminal Code has been the mainstay of many police officers for a great many years. It became particularly important since the advent of the Bail Reform Act in the early 70's. Today the necessity to have a ready reference to check all the
November, 1992
technicalities of the law before release is of the utmost importance. The pocket Criminal Code comes with a sturdy leatherette binding and is small enough to fit in an officer's brief case or even his uniform pocket. It includes eleven Federal Statutes of interest to the front line officer. The 1993 version includes amendments such as the new "rape shield" law and the new mental disorder sections recently proclaimed. It still sells for only $17.95. For further information call 800 387-5164.
Do you agree with the jury's verdict in the Rodney King case? Now you can test your personal conclusions against the same eyewitness testimony, expert opinion, courtroom exhibits and legal arguments the jury saw and heard, thanks to a dramatic new videocassette distributed through Blue Line Magazine. The two-hour video program features highlights from 150 hours of courtroom proceedings, plus a guided analysis of behindthe-scene legal strategies employed during the nation's most celebrated use-of-force trial. Produced by Court lV, which videotaped gavel-to-gavel coverage of the eight-week trial, the
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fast paced video offers evidence and insights heretofore largely unkown to the law enforcmeent community, including the entire 143-second amateur videotape of the controversial encounter and not just the selective fragments repeatedly shown on network lV. This video is ideal for officers, trainers, administrators and legal advisors trying to promote the proper use of force in violent encounters. The tape costs $37.95 (Canadian) plus applicable taxes and may be purchased by Phone, Fax or Mail. See page 21 for details.
A History Of The Crimina( By Richard Duplain. -Part "J
1892 ~ 1992 Minimal Standard Of Conduct Legislators attempt to establish a criminal code that will define a minimal standard of conduct without infringing on a person's individuality, says a senior Fredericton barrister and solicitor. John Beaton, a former Crown Prosecutor for New BrunSwick, feels the riminal Code defines a minimal standard of conduct expected of a civilized society. 'There are offences that we all know are wrong such as murder and
rape. Some people say that if some action is morally wrong then it should be legally wrong. The Criminal Code is an attempt to define morality without infringing on peoples individuality yet at the same time, the Code reflects a social morality," he said. Mr. Beaton has spent the past 20 years in the practice of criminal and civil law and lectures at the University of New Brunswick Law School. The Criminal Code deals with people's freedom and that should not be
taken lightly, he said. It governs people's conduct but it also provides a guideline for law enforcement agencies. Most if not all criminal lawyers probably see the Code in this light. Most criminal lawyers have somewhat the same philosophy: to see that the law enforcement agencies do their jobs properly. "But we are not infallible. We make mistakes - going to trial, perhaps entering a plea too quickly and perhaps not pressing a case hard enough at trial could be some. And the system is not infallible either, Donald Marshall of Nova Scotia, can attest to that" said Mr. Beaton. "Officers of the court have a duty to do the best they can to ensure there is a confidence in the administration of justice," he added. The Criminal Code contains essentially all the criminal laws and procedure but the challenge for students and lawyers alike is to get a good working grasp of it. 'The code deals with very complex issues one of which is criminal intent, or the criminal mind, " said Mr. Beaton. He pOinted out, the offence of attempted murder requires a specific intent. That
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12A-498t Hwy. 7 East, Ste.254 Markham,Ontario LJR t Nt
(f) (416) 640-3048 FAX (416) 640-7547 November, 1992
the intent is a crucial element of the crime that must be proven. The accused person, it must be shown, had the deliberate will to kill another. But intent can be different for different crimes. To prove the crime of possession of stolen property, it must be shown that the accused had known the goods were obtained by an illegal act. Theft requires a specific intent, or a deliberate will to deprive the owner. Intent is just one factor among many that has to be proven by the Crown, he cautioned. Intent is assessed either on a subjective level, that is what an accused person had in his mind at the time of the action or assessed objectively, that is, conduct assessed on a reasonable person's standard. "In general terms, a reasonable man has no place in criminal law. Criminal liability is usually assessed subjectively that is what the accused person knew or intended at the time of the action, " said Mr. Beaton. The basic purpose of the criminal law is to protect society from unacceptable
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conduct; that conduct is defined by the Criminal Code offences as legislated by Parliament. Criminal law and law in general reflect a social morality." he added. "At the same time there is an attempt to protect the individual and collective rights from the actions of others. We still have to protect individual freedom and sometimes that is a difficult balance to achieve, " confided Mr. Beaton. "It would be very difficult to draft a law that doesn't reflect morality," he added. Quoting from the Section 9 of the Code, Mr. Beaton said, "Criminal offences are to be under the law of Canada. Notwithstanding anything in this Act or any other Act, no person shall be convicted ... of an offence at common law." While section 8 reads in part, "Every rule and principle of the common law that renders any circumstance a justification or excuse for an act or defence to a charge continues in force and applies in respect of proceedings for an offence under this act. .. " Mr. Beaton said the issues of criminal LEN CONIUM 5 Gainsbrook Court Whitby, Ontario LlR lW9 Telephone (416) 543-1127 Fax (416) 875-0693
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law have been clarified or are more easily defined with the advent of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. 'The system works better now with the Charter then it did before 1982," he confessed. The Charter defines our rights as well as the responsibilities of law enforcement agencies. He noted that while the Criminal Code does not ensure a speedy trial, the Charter of Rights, like the American Constitution, does make that guarantee. "It is in the public interest to have a trial as soon as possible. Delays always work against the Crown - people forget and sometimes witnesses are no longer available." 'The Charter guarantees an accused person to be presumed innocent until he is proven guilty," said Mr. Beaton. The common law standard suggests the proof must be beyond a reasonable doubt and that the accused need not testify. "This is enshrined in our Constitution." Now police know these rights and obligations. They are better educated and informed and the net resUlt is that they are doing a much better job, he added. WE sHIP ANYWHERE IN CANADA!
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Commentary: By Christopher Stephen Lussow Extra Curricular Training Is Worth The Effort In an age of increased liability and scrutiny, combined with budgetary constraints the topic of training police officers has become a hot one. Officers are finding themselves more and more accountable for their actions and finding they have not been trained to the extent they or the public wish. Attending courses to further your education and job performance must be controlled by you, the individual, as you are the one who will be called upon to justify your actions. By attending courses offered by other schools/agencies you will get a good cross-section of opinion and experience. The actual course material will provide the majority of information but a great deal can be learned from the informal talks held with classmates from various agencies. Obviously the training discussed here is directly police related, not a university programme designed to give you a degree, but rather courses which run a duration of one day to two weeks. The fields covered range from arson investigation to firearms and defensive tactics to traffic accident reconstruction. The costs of these courses vary greatly, due to the host agency and the use of guest lecturers. Many institutions providing these programmes are privatized while others are department academies. The majority are in the United States. The most popular courses presently are those which deal with firearms and defensive tactics. This is only natural as the use of force is becoming more and more scrutinised by "Monday Morning Quarterbacks" within many agencies along with politicians and the media. While it would be nice that your employer provide all the necessary training and funding for you it is not realistic in these day of budget cutbacks. You must realize that the ultimate justification for your actions must come from you, and the more training you get the better you are. A small layout of money to take a course to better yourself may save a greater amount in lawsuits and legal fees in the future . Increasing your ability to handle a
given situation will increase your command presence, and hopefully be able to de-escalate a situation without the use of force . When selecting a school or institute you must do a little research. Write to the institution and request a training calendar as well as who the instructors will be and their background in the field. A few are listed at the end of this article. There are numerous schools/agencies providing training. Locating them is the first step. Many are listed in training journals and magazines. Write to them, they will send you everything you need to know. Recently 3 officers and myself from my department attended three days of training in the field of officer safety/ survival and tactical shotgun at the Midwest Tactical Training Institute. The Institute's Director, Andrew Casavant, has an impressive military and police background and has conducted training for law enforcement and military elite special teams. This institute is located outside of Chicago on an 85 acre lot and has been in operation since 1984. It has four pistol ranges, two combat pistol ranges (jungle walks) , a 100 yard rifle range, a 475 yard rifle range, a live fire training house for use in hostage rescue and raid operations. The course was quite informative and provided hands-on practice in the subjects studied. This is definitely better than just watching videos and listening to lectures. Other courses available at this institute are raid planning, swat officer, sniper, pistol instructor etc. The bottom line in training is the better you are the more likely you will succeed, not only in job performance but also in advancing within your agency. It's your future, take an active interest. I recommend the following; Institute of Public Service 961 Chestnut Street, Gainsville, Georgia 30501 Federal Law Enforcement Training Centre Clynco, Georgia 31524
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Midwest Tactical Training Institute 1131 South Skunk Hollow Rd. Mr.Carrolllllinois 61053 Northwestern University Traffic Institute P.O. Box 1409 Evanston, lllinois 60204
Blue Line Magazine also suggests: Institute of Police Technology and Management 4567 St.Johns Bluff Road , South , Jacksonville, Florida 32216 Officer Survival Institute C.P. 736, Tour de la Bourse Montreal, Quebec H4Z 1J9 The Police Charter P.O. Box 44 Streetsville, Ontario L5M 2B7 Personal Defence Systems P.O. Box 90001 1436 Queen St. w. Toronto, Ontario. M6K 1M2 Street Survival 666 Dundee Rd ., Ste. 1607 Northbrook, Illinois 60062-2760 Organized Crime Centre P.O. Box 2505, Fort Lauderdale Florida 33303 In addition there are a good number of Community Colleges across Canada which supply law enforcement courses. Contact one near you for further details. Many police agencies present specialized training seminars which are open to other law enforcement agencies on a variety of subjects. Many of these seminars present a two-way learning process where both the agencies and the attendees share experiences in specific areas. Examples of this type are as follows; Metropolitan Toronto Police (Forensic Identification, Sexual Assault, Homicide,Traffic Crime) Prince Albert Police Department Saskatchewan Broward County Sherrifl's Department Florida
November, 1992
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The patrol officer is the backbone of any police force. The Duty Belt is the backbone of the patrol officer. That's why every component of our duty belt system is street-tested and refined to perfection. Our entire system is made of advanced, lightweight, durable and maintenance-free materials, including Cordura, Velcro and Divers Web . The result is a belt system less than half the weight of conventional leather that leaves your back in the same remove, replace or lose. All the equipment on the belt is condition it was in before your shift. Each component on designed for ease ofuse. The duty holster is precisely fitted the belt acts as a keeper, so your equipment stays exactly to your gun to provide the retention you need. where you put it, and there are no clumsy belt keepers to
F or years police officers have suffered with "civilian" briefcases, not designed for the rigors of daily duty use. How many times have your files and equipment ended up dumped on the floor of your patrol car or lost under the seat where they aren't any good to anyone?
Pro Carry Systems has the solution. Our duty bag system is designed for patrol officers by a patrol officer. There are handy external pockets for your most used items such as your baton, radio, flashlight and ticketbook. Everything the working police officer needs ... organized, efficient and safe.
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BMW SPELLS SAFETY 0 THE JOB IN JUST THREE LETTERS: ABS Most motorcycle manufacturers put their engineering skill to work getting you going. At BMW we put our best minds to work getting you stopped . Safely. Anti -lock braking systems (ABS) have been used for years on aircraft and high performance cars . Now, BMW has integrated this state of the art technology into our motorcycles, including the K-series Police models.
HOW IT WORKS The ABS system uses an on board computer to monitor front and rear wheel brakes. When ABS senses the brakes are about to lock, it reduces pressure in the wheel brake cylinder up to 7 times a second , and continues to do so until the risk of lock-up has been eliminated .
The BMW K100lT. The police motorcycle incorporates the ABS system designed to give the officer more control in any road conditions, from dry pavement to rain , sleet, sand or oil patches.
Front and rear toothed sensors are constantly monitored by an electronic co ntrol un it to determ i ne when i nterven tion by ABS Is necessary.
From the officer's perspective, the only c hange in sensation is an incred ible increase in straight line stopping ability. Even applying full brakes in an emergency straight line stop, full control of the motorcycle can be maintained .
WE HAVE WHAT YOU NEED TO GET HOME SAFELY BMW motorcycles are in active use by police departments in 100 countries around the world . We know what you 're facing on the streets in congested traffic areas , and what unexpected demands are put on you and your machine.
The outrigger-equ ipped motorcyle, withou t ABS , has Tocked up the wheels and lost stability during hard brakin9 on wet pavement (right). The ASS-equipped bike remains upright and controllable under the same conditions (left).
On rain-slick city streets, BMW can provide that additional edge. And in normal traffic conditions, ABS will give you the confidence to stop consistently in the shortest possible distance.
BMW'S Cataly1ic Converter Technology for Motorcyles.
Contact Tony Fletcher at BMW Canada Inc., 920 Champlain Court, Whitby, Ontario L 1N 6K9 or call (416) 683-1200. Fax (416) 666-3672
HELPING THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT BMW now offers our Police models with the option of catalytic converter systems. This technology can reduce harmful exhaust emissions by up to 80% without sacrifice to fuel consumption or engine power. As well , the appearance of the motorcycle is unaltered .
RESPONSIBILITY MEANS NO COMPROMISE