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Volume 8 Number 5
May 1996 - EDITOR I PUBLISHER -
Morley S. Lymburner Phone (905) 640·3048 Fax (905) 640·7547 InterNet Address: 102547.3140@COMPUSERVE.COM
- Contributing Editors Ballistics & Firearms Survival Tactics Case Law Supervisory Principles Peer Counselling Computers &Technology
Manfred Benton Craig Best Gino Arcaro Robert Holston Neil V. Thompson Tom Rataj
Publisher's Commentary
7
Since 1988 A mbulance personnel have been training with Toronto's elite public order unit
Mending Fences - Gary Miller
10
Madame Justice Speaks 12
Academic Profiles Dalhollsie University Niagara University
Phone (905) 640·3048 FAX (905) 640·7547
Southwest University
(United States)
Product News
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Toll Free (800) 268·5503 Fax (905) 513·1377
Blue Line News Week
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- CONTRIBUTING WRITERS -
Alternative to letha l force
18
Commentary - Chief Julian Fantino
20
Gary Miller Joel Johnston John Steinbachs
Tom Rataj Blair Mcquillan Morley Lymburner
- ILLUSTRATION Tony MacKinnon
Dave Bluestein
General Manager Mary K. Lymburner, M.Ed. Blue Line Magazine is published monthly, September to June, by Blue Line Magazine Incorporated with a mailing address of: 12A· 4981 Hwy. 7 East, Ste.254, Markham, Ontario, L3R 1N1 . Subscriptions $25.00 per year. Edltonat and copy IS considered to be completely separate from advertising sales. No commitment for edltonal coverage can form any part of a sale agreement All articles are protected by copyright No partof this publication may be reproduced or b'ansmllted in any form or by any means, eiecb'onic or mechanical, Including photocopying and recording or by any information storage or retrieval system without permission from the publisher. The authors, advisors and publisher accept no liability whatsoever for any injuries to persons or property resulbng from the application or adoption of any of the procedures, tactics or considerabons presented in this magazine Readers are cautioned and advised that articles presented herein are edited and supplied for your personal awareness and should not be used for further action until appropriate advice and gUidance IS received from a supervisor or Crown Attorney. Blue Une Magazjne is an independent publication designed to entertain, educate and upgrade the skills of Ihose Involved In the law enfonoementprofessioo. Ithas nodirectcontrol from alawenforcement agency and Its opinions and articles do not necessarily reflect the opinions of any government, police, or law enforcement agency Blue Line Magazine is printed in Canada
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Take a step back/rom the edge
Metro Toronto's Public Order Unit
- ADVERTISING Mary Lymburner (Canada)
Richard Hubbard Anita Bradley
5
Misinterpretations o/Community Based policing concepts are slowly dismantling policing as we know it.
Multiple Assailants - Joel A. Johnston
24
Whatcha gonna do when they come lor you?
Security firm responds to police alarm 27 Safe Stud y Area Created
27
Blue Line Classified Letters to the Editor
28 30
Blue Line's Bookshelf
31
List of Advertisers American In st. Applied Science Artcal Graphics Barrday Inc Beretta Carswell Publishing Dalhousie University Digital Descriptor Systems Glock L.E.O. Products MD Charlton Michaels of Oregon Microset Nicholls Dist Northstar Canada Inc Olympic Arms Inc OACP Trade Show Pads Fitness Supply Peel Regional Police Pride in Service Pro Carry Systems Inc Rocky Shoes & Boots Tetragon-Tasse
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1996 __________________________________~
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This month'scover is courtesy of the Texas Tactical Police Officer's Association. ext month they have extended a warm welcome to their Canadian colleagues to take part in the 1996 Texas World Games to be hosted by the I louston Police Department from June 10 to 14. Sandy Wall, President of the TTPOA, advised that this event will be comprised of a two day seminar and a three day competition. If interested contact Sandy at 713 655-0770 or Fax 7 13 759-9980. Blue Line would be most interested in news about Canadian accomplishments at this event. Thi month we bring you more articles of interest in a wide range of subjects. Riot squads have been widely used across Canada but few have achieved the level of training and responsiveness of the Metro Toronto Public Order Unit. In this issue you will find an article about this unit and its innovative training and use of Ambulance Service Paramedics. On a similar topic we present another article from Vancouver's Joel Johnston on the topic of defending yourself from mUltiple assailants. In the age of the "home invasion" and "swarmings" this article could be quite useful. Another feature this month is profiles on three major educational institutions which have courses of interest to people involved in law enforcement. We have given them the opportunity to talk about their courses in their own words. If you are thinking about academic advancement read thi piece over and you be the judge. Many agencies have an interest in products that use less than lethal force. Ottawa freelance journalist John Steinbachs has filed an interesting piece on the TASER which should have many agencies rethinking the advantages of this product. London Police Chief Julian Fantino has submitted a most thought-provoking article regarding the myths and realities of the "Community Policing" fad which has swept the country. This piece, like the author himself, pulls no punches and is a "must read" in this issue.
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Take a step back from the edge by Morley Lymburner If you think being a cop, referee or umpire is an occupation where you must absorb a lot of abuse just try being a telephone tech support person for a major software company. Being an amateur "computer techy" I have used and abused a lot of computer software and hardware over the years. Most of this magazine is produced and maintained by computers and I pride myself at keeping on top of advancements in the field. As of late I have found the people at the other end of the tech support lines to be quite testy. You can feel the frustration by simply talking to them. It is my belief that these pillars of the technological age are also the barometer of that same technology's state of health. It would appear the real problems came with the advent of WI 95 last September. With the rush of computer buyers trying to stay on the leading edge came the inevitable "bugs" which occur with any new software. Being a little unsure I took a wait and see stance. For once I didn't jump on the "upgrade train." Wise move!
Overthe next few months I carefully weeded though all the upgrade literature and discarded the ones which appeared to be WIN95 induced. The upgrades I did obtain, I thought, would be fairly solid. They were not! What amplifies an already frustrating situation is that when you now call for product support you find the first thing asked for is your VI A or MasterCard number. When you do get through to product support - after 45 minutes on long distance hold - you find a hardworking, almost burned-out technician who, of course, assumes you are using WIN95 . I have come to the conclusion that all new versions of software is highly suspect. The industry has spent so much of their resources trying to keep up with WI 95 the normal upgrade and product support has suffered. If it is of any help I have a short list of products, in my experience, to stay clear of and I would welcome hearing about yours ... WIN95 - Wait at least another year before even thinking about it. If you want to jump right away check into Windows NT. It is expensive but far more stable.
Quarterdeck's QEMM 8 - Not as friendly as the box would imply though product support isn't bad . Caere Corporation - A package we previously recommended, called Page Keeper, is excellent for document records management and has been this magazine ' s "must have" software. The new version 2. 1, however, is a memory hog and extremely intolerant of other software. The redesigners of this package have also made some gafs with functionality that they appear to be not interested in changing in the near future. Stay with version I.x. It works like a dream in comparison. Adobe's PageMaker 6 is the one product that warns you up front that their package will not be fully functional in Windows 3.x environments. I give them an "A" rating for customer honesty and sensitivity. Anything that says "WI 95" compatible on the box is also highly suspect. I think it is highly advisable to simply take one step back from the leading edge for a year or two until the dust settles.
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\sl~----------- DLOE LINE hray, 1996 ______________________________________~~~--------------------------------------- ~agazine
You are invitedI All subscribers and readers of Blue Line Magazine are invited to attend Canada's largest Law Enforcement Trade Show Free Admission with Identification
Toronto Sheraton Centre (Opposite Toronto City Hall)
'50 Exhibit Booths Displaying everything that is on the leading edge of law enforcement technology, products and services h~---------------------------------------------'
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Floor Plan of Exhibitors to the OACP Trade Show
Watch next month's issue of Blue Line Magazine for details on each exhibitor along with a comprehensive floor plan of booth locations
fret rt1ihfilifftret rrfi{rfrerifw«tteffl ~Iir._ "l~ tror&--""~arcre "-a" l~ raror&--""4f"ar.
iered Response S illce 1988 tll ey IIa ve beell seell at til e opell illgs alld closillg days o/Torollto's Calladiall Natiollal Exll ibitioll. Tlley've beell seell at every Yonge Street New Year 's Eve basil alld two World Series victory "street parties." Tiley sllow up just about allY tillle tllere is a lIeed to peace/ully disperse all IIlIrlily crowd. Til ey are til e Metropolitall Toronto Pllblic Order Unit (P.O. U.). Wllat is 1I0t as well kllowlI is tllaf til is ullit is comprised 1I0t ollly 0/ cops but also ambulallce personllel as well. by Mo rley Lymbllmer & Johll Moir Since its beginning, ambulance members of the Metro Toronto Public Order nit have drilled regularly with the police component of the unit, and receive identical crowd control training. They also receive police style equipment: riot helmets, police batons, plexiglass riot shields, pectra Shield personal body armour, Cooper umpire style shin guards with in step protection, custom made fire proof omax coveralls, gas masks and tactical pants. Depending on the physical nature of the situation they are responding to; the Emergency Medical Aids, or E.M.A.s, may go with a soft deployment, consisting ofa regular issue ambulance shirt over personal body armour, the military sty le tactica l pants, a two way radio, a police baton, and a "fanny pack" of basic emergency medical supplies. The more serious the situation, the more serious the equipment.
Objectives The goal of this crowd control unit is to show up in as soft a deployment as possible, perform proactive patrolling throughout the group, and try to convince the crowd to disperse before any real violence occurs. Their prime objective is to prevent violence, not incite it. If the situation appears to be getting out of hand
the police members form a line, the ambulance detail falls in directly behind, and then the line moves forward slowly but surely breaking up the crowd. Although many Metro Toronto area people have seen them, they do not know much about them. In the past Metro Toronto's P.O.U.,and its predecessor "Riot Squad", had done it's best to keep a low profile. In the past when the unit was called out they would group in a staging area such as a parking lot or garage, and would only emerge once trouble started. But in 1992 the unit began practising proactive policing tactics geared toward diffusing volatile situations. Wearing tactical uniform gear, they are fanned out into the crowd along with the regular duty police. Of course they are highly visible because of their distinctive clothing and caps identifying them as a special unit. Once among the crowd they gauge the mood of the situation, identify potential instigators and attempt to recognize past trouble makers. This gives the crowd the impression of increased police presence, which in itselfhelps to stop trouble before it starts. As they move through the gathering they employ the more desirable aspects of community policing, including giving directions, answering questions and responding immediately to public needs. The primary goal is to seek the cooperation of the more peaceful elements in the crowd. By inlisting the police supporters and the onlookers the task of crowd control is made considerably easier.
0-
History The Public Order Unit was established in 1988 by Robert Molyneaux, now Deputy Chief, after three years of research, study and training. The formation of the unit was in response to security needs arising from the G7 Economic Summit held in Toronto that year. Since large demonstrations were expected during the summit, top officials of the Metro Toronto police decided that a unit fully trained in crowd control and dynamics was needed. It is interesting to note that during the Economic Summit the members of the Public Order Unit were actually applauded in the lobby of the Royal York Hotel by the delegates before they departed. They wished to show their approval of the new unit's professional abilities and discipline. While designing the unit it became obvious that it wasn't enough to simply deploy large groups of police to demonstration and riot sites. There was a definite need for detailed planning and part of the planning process revea led the need for trained emergency medical personnel to provide on site support. It was decided to select a group of ambulance officers and train them as part of the unit. The logic being that if an officer is injured while staffing a riot line there would be an immediate need for medical assistance. Along with the need for immediate medical assistance came a need to provide a degree of security for the E.M .A .s. At that point it was decided to provide the ambulance personnel with identical police training.
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The Medical Component The prime role of the ambulance section of the P.O.U. is to provide pre hospital care to the police members of the unit. Once an officer goes down, the police line must advance past the injured officer before the ambu lance attendants can provide care. Under no circumstance will the E.M.A .s ever cross the line. Whi le their prime responsibility is the care of the ir police colleagues, the unit E.M.A.s will treat injured civilians once the police line has safely passed them. Once retrieved, the victim is quickly led to a secure area somewhere behind the line, treated and then passed off to a waiting Basic Life Support unit. Under dire circumstances these same E.M.A.s will facilitate the transport of the victim, but as a "scoop and run organization" they prefer to treat the victim on site, pass him off, and get back into the fracas. The E.M.A.s work in groups of three or five. There is one supervisor and two or four attendants. The supervisor is in charge of communications and liaison with po lice, and the E.M.A.s are responsible for the treatment of injured officers. In an "officer down" situation they will work in pairs. The two front men will treat the officer, one will pick up the officer's riot shield, assume a position at the foot of the victim, face the crowd, and then hold the shield up to ensure the safety of his patient and his own partner. The second E.M.A. then treats the victim, using supplies from the first attendant's "fanny pack". In a five person deployment the two back officers deliver the victim to a back up transportation unit. In the three person deployment, the E.M.A.s will get the injured officer into an ambulance, and then resume their position directly behind the police line. Paramedic Garrie Wright is one of the original P.O.U. members, and had been with the unit since it's inception in 1988. His one complaint during his time with the unit was that due to it's early secretive nature many misconceptions existed. He felt that a lack of accessible information concerning the aims and actions of the unit had led many of his associates to misunderstand it. "They thought we carried guns, repelled from helicopters and all sorts of things like that," Wright said. Wright wasn't really bothered by most of the confusion, but merely wanted hiscolleagues to know that the formulation of the P.O.U. had led to some very tangible improvements for all ambu lance personnel. "The P.O.U. acted as a political bridge between the individual 'kingdoms' of police, fire and ambulance". This bridge resulted in an easier and more functional interaction between the three "kingdoms" when they came into contact in their regular work day. With the exposure to each other through the unit, on calls and in the regular training days, police and ambulance personnel learned that they face many of the same problems. By getting together and griping about schedules, bureaucracy and public perception, the ambulance and police P.O.U. members realized that they have much in common. This rubbed off on the rest of the work force, and Wright felt that one of the unex-
pected benefits of the unit was that there existed a growing mutual respect between the two services. When asked to provide one example of how Metro Toronto Ambulance has benefited from the unit Wright pointed out, "Five years ago there was zero communication between ambulance and police, and now, due to this unit, the two freely exchange and monitor each other's information."
Testing Their Metal In 1992 the unit was called out on Labour Day to deal with what had become the newest tradition associated with the annua l Canadian National Exhibition: the closing day "smash and grab" carried out by what the politicians call "disaffected youth". This latest legacy involved gangs of youths runningenmass through the corridor separating the major game booths of the midway and breaking or stealing anything they could get their hands on. In an ongoing attempt to combat this hooliganism, C.N .E. officials had taken to closing the grounds earl ier each year. In 1992, as the closing hour approached, a group of about three hundred youths gathered at the northern tip of the midway. They were joined by members of the Metro Toronto Police, Ontario Provincial Police and the Metro Toronto Public Order Unit. Also rounding out the group was a clutch of newspaper and television reporters. The strong police presence, and a full day of proactive policing, prompted the teens to cancel their plans, call it a night and go home. A successful police operation made for a slow news day, and the media turned their cameras elsewhere. One Toronto Star lensman, however, managed to snap a photo of a group of ambulance P.O.U. members standing in the crowd. The photo gave prominence to the night sticks worn by all P.O.U. members. The Star ran the photo the next day, with acut line stating "ambulance attendants with billy clubs look over the crowd at the C. .E.". The adjacent story did not try to explain the difference between regular ambulance personnel and the specially trained and equipped P.O.U. staff. In fact the story managed to contribute to the
\01
mounting confusion surrounding the unit. It was not the first time the unit had been the focusofill informed controversy. Fieldingquestions from the media foundingAmbulanceService supervisor George Stuttaford pointed out that the ambulance members of the unit only remove their sticks from their belts upon the command of a supervisor. He continued by saying, without the least hint of hesitation or forgiveness in his voice, that any ambulance member caught removing his stick without being ordered to do so "is off the unit, right away, no excuses accepted." His firm stance notified the media that no political waffling would be in order and certainly no apologies would be forthcoming. In like manner then Chief of Police Bill McCormack made it clear that it would have been irresponsible to place ambulance personnel so close to the action without first giving them the training and equipment to protect themselves. McCormack, responding to the mini-controversy generated by the Toronto Star photo stated that sticks and police style training were absolutely necessary for the safety of a II P.O.U. members. He was adamant that ambulance members of the unit required the same training as the police officers and that nothing would change regarding this. This quick shoulder to shoulder defence of the Public Order Unit sent a strong message to criminal opportunists that their future activities would become considerably more difficult. It also sent a strong message to negative media opportunists that this was not an issue the po l ice or ambulance service was about to back down on.
Cooperation and communication While the E.M.A.s receive identical training and similar equipment, they are not directly controlled by the police, and are in essence autonomous. Originally under the strong direction of founding manager George Stuttaford, who had a military background, members of the ambulance section of the operation were accepted as equals within the unit. In factStuttaford made a habit of liaising with senior police officers on the site of an incident, and the two of them always worked together on the deployment strategy. Today Bruce England and Paul Harris of the Ambulance Service carryon the pioneering traditions established by Stuttaford. Although the precise strength of the present Public Order Unit is not public, the goals and objectives of the unit have remained essentially the same. The unit, under the command of Staff Inspector Ron Taverner, has been actively training in cooperation with Halton, Durham, York and Peel Regional Police as well as the Ontario Provincial Police. With the large popU lation base in the Greater Toronto Area inter-force and inter-agency cooperation initiatives such as this are viewed as being of paramount importance.
For fu r ther details contact Sll nsp. Ron Taverner at the Metro Toronto Pu blic Order Unit 416808-7084.
BLUE L.NE
May, 1996 ___________________----\ ~I---------------------- MagaZine
Madame Justice Speaks by Gary Miller
Last Easter, as I 'at in church, disarmed by the beautiful Easter mu ic, I settled down for m} mini ter's sermon. lIe struck a sombre tone, the tone that prepare one for tragedy and h rror in the affairs of mankind. lIe began, rightl) enough, to describe his grieroYer 'ome atrocitie which were the focu of the media that wee"end; the brutal and ruthIe s ethnic clean ing revealed in Bosnia, the continued death and deva tation in the Middle Ea t, the April 1994 strip search of rioting remale pri on inmates by a male riot squad in Kingston .... ' top right there! tirring out of my plea ant repose I was trying to fath m what I hadju t heard. I know thi is not e ame treet but, if I may paraphrase, two of those things go together and one oftho e things is definitely OT like the others. What \\ould bring my mini ter to adopt such a blin"ered vie\~ or events? Was it Madame Justice Loui e Arbour's scathing indictment of orrection anada officials for their handling or a riot at the women's pri on in King ton, ntario? bviou Iy. The good cleric had aborbed every word. The Bo nian and Middle Ea t atroeitie wereju t that, hideous offences against humanity which dery understanding. In the third scenario, in April of 1994, the wor t female pri oner. in anada (ho\~ el e do you get to King ton pen?) had been on a rampage of e calating \ i lence and de truction for over four days. n that fateful pring day two year ago, as the riot raged, Prison Warden Mary assidy eonta ted the all male riot squad ([nstitutional Emergency Re p nseTeam). And the riot squad did what it does best; it stopped the riot. In doing so, it achieved what it etoullO do, which was to reimpose order in an in titution without doing physical harm to anyone. On the face of it, the) n:ached an admirable conclusion to the problem. I hat i not to a) the rioting inmate were treated delicatel} or in a courtly fashion. Tea and coo"ie were not in the works on that day. But then, this was a major riot with prisoners etting fires, rour prison guards had been attac"ed, other inmates stabbed a female guard with a hypodermic needle, while female inmate threw urine and yelled filth. Many inmates had been ent to Kingston's P4W beause they werejudged to be too dangerou to be "ept in institution in their home province . To stop an in titutional riot one mu t gain control, 0 you egregate. You isolate, you di rient, and) ou gain a psychological advantage. rhis is be t done with speed and purpose. Pri 'on inmate are for the most part opportunistic, vengeful and dangerous. ome inmates are secretively armed with knife-like objects
which they will use readily. One standard control procedure frequently used; one by one, trip searching of inmates. The riot squad, knowing the difficulty they faced carrying out their duties in a women's prison facility, (albeit, housing Canada's most vicious female prisoners) wanted to be sure that no hint of impropriety could arise from such a distasteful task, so they had the operation videotaped to prevent, at a later date, allegations that they assaulted or sexually violated any woman's person. Female guards stood by to ensure propriety. Little did the squad imagine the video-tapes would be used against them. It must be aid at the outset that male authority figures do NOT strip earch female prisoners. It would be unthinkable that any such event would normally occur. But the Institutional Emergency Re pon e Team, the only one available and every one of them a male, was placed in a highly abnormal situation. They were expected to act and did so in good faith , believing that they had conducted themselves correctly and prudently. That is, until they came under the enquiring eye of Madame Justice Louise Arbour. To say the good name of these correctional officers was trashed and their reputation pilloried would be putting it gently. A Ie or critic might have been sued. But, Judge Arbour was about to make history. One would suspect that the Madame Justice, had, in biblical fashion, ju t figuratively descended from the mount to greet the waiting throngs, with the tablets of real morality clutched to herbosom. With sweeping authority, she laid waste the work of every correctional officer and administrator even remotely connected to this sorry affair. These jail guards put up with a lot. As a police officer, investigating criminal assaults against jail guards by male prisoners, I have een examples of the ongoing work-related stress, disgusting abuses and assaultive prisoner behaviour tolerated daily by those correction officer. Of course, female institutions house a much larger proportion of "high needs" prisoners. The work is even more difficult. From the comfort and seclusion of her cloistered work environment, Madame Justice, in fact, is hardly in a position to preach morality to these loyal, hard working, tressed correctional officers overseeing Canada's toughest, most difficult female offenders. They protect society from ome of the worst dregs of humanity day in and day out, 365 days a year. [t is worth remembering that no convicted felon gets to Kingston by accident. The bus does not take a wrong turn. All, male and female, are guilty of serious indictable crimes. Only the wor t do time in Kingston. Yes, they
have been deprived oftheir most coveted right and freedom ,and deservedly so. But, interestingly enough, Judge Arbour is, unbelievably, also the same justice that extended to all jailed inmate the right to vote. A stunning slap in the face for every law abiding citizen. Well into the econd decade of Charter driven wisdom, a differently based judiciary's implicit message is: protect the criminal's right at any and all co t , vindicate violent thieves, cutthroats, assaulters, and murderer. hampion the cause of prisoners so savage that they could surreptitiously collect their own body waste to splatter onto their keepers at any opportune moment. If convicted criminal inmates rebel, ensure that no matter how dangerou , degrading or depraved the conduct of these sorry souls, their guards must tolerate it all and come back for more. In the meantime, abandon any semblance of real control. Justice Arbour's demonizing of the pri on authority was so complete that she singlehandedly forced the resignation of John Edwards. He is widely regarded as one of the most respected and innovative heads of the Federal pri on ystem we have had. he has cast the villain's cloak so sure-handedly onto our corrections officers that olicitor General Herb Gray contritely and publicly addres ed "heartfelt apologies" to hardened convicts. Cash payouts to the prisoners are recommended. What a ludicrou spectacle! Every prisoner in Canada has been given carte blanche to revolt. At the end of the road will be apologies from the government of the day for the prisoners and the promise of individual ca h ettlements. But then who could forget the loathsome precedent truck by infamous serial child murderer, Clifford Olson and the then Government. Accordingly, there are two more events to watch for in this increasingl) malodorous unfolding saga: ( I ) Financial compensation to be paid to the rioting pri oners for "indignities" suffered, and (2) Judge Arbour's impending promotion within the highest court in the land. he will have gotten there by vilifying the Canadian prison authority and cutting the ground out from beneath the hard working men and women who ri k their lives daily in our correctional institutions. To her cronies at law, much of the media and the powerful governing elite, thi will be her crowning achievement. The terrifyingly esoteric powers of Judge Loui e Arbour and her fellow judges, as drawn from the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, have irretrievably undermined the democratic proce s in this country. Parliamentary power i now secondary to that of the upreme Court Justices.
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IlItlli~ collimll BIlle Lille M agazille explores th e academic possibilities that exist f or th ose illvolved ill la w ellfo rcemellt. A lth ough th ere are a large IIlIm ber ofedllcatiollal illstitlltioll we have II arro wed our profiles 0 11 th ose illstitutiolls which provide course offerillg diplomas which are geared to advall cillg th e skill of th ose preselltly illvolved ill law ellforcemellt. Reader should be aware that the f ollowillg articles are wrillell by til e ill!;titutiolls alld Blue Lille does II Ot accept respollsibility for th e accuracy of claims lIIade.
You can work shifts and upgrade your skills at the same time lien on ollege, Dalhou ie University, has contributed to the quality of public ector management through a variety of educational programs and services since 1965. Through the provi ion of di tance education programs, eminar and conferences, it continue to meet the pr fe ional development needs of public ect r admini trator at all level of government a ro anada. lien on ollege develops educational program that are respon ive to cu rrent trend in public ector admini tration . Partner hip with ther rganization at the federal, provincial, and municipal levels have enabled us to devel p pr gramming to the point where we can truly contribute t the quality of public administration in anada and abroad . The certifi ate in Police Leadership i one of the mo t newly-developed programs at liens n liege . reated in 1994 to addre profe i nal development need of anada's poli e service, the ertificate in Police Leadership is unique in its aim to make education accessible to anyone motivated to learn . This is a nati nal program that brings together police officer from the tlantic and the Paci fic and fr m n rth to outh. International enrolments have been received from Tanzania, ingapore, lovaf..ia and the A. The participant are members of national, provincial and municipal service. as well a tribal police, campus police and indu trial security. During the 1995-1996 academic year, over four hundred tudent participated in three curse : P lice Leader hip and Management Development, mmunication kill for PoIi e Per onnel, and/or ommunity-Ba ed PoIi ing. tarting in ugu t 1996, two additional cour e will be available : Budgeting and Fiscal Management Ii r Police ervices and Legal Is. ue in Policing. It i thi wide variety of courses that make the program attractive to aim t any ne in the criminal justice y tem. fhe cour e in the program have been writt n b) individual elected fortheir experti e in a particular ubject and their experience in mmunicating thi f..nowledge to the police community. The cour es are rigorous and intellectually demanding and have been de igned to help parti ipant develop the knowledge, skills and
abilities required by them to function effectively and efficiently within the criminaljustice y tem. One significant characteristic of these cour es is the method of delivery. Distance education i turn ing out to be the method of choice for many adult learners . Because of its
Masters Degree in Crimina l Justice Administration The graduate program in riminal Justice Administration at iagara University offers both full and part-time programs leading to a Master of cience degree in Criminal Justice Administration. Niagara niversitycombines a uniquely qualified faculty and a diver ified student body to provide an interesting and relevant program. The Master's degree program is an integrated program that enhances student powers of discrimination and judgment. The program accomplishes this by incorporating management and administration techniques, ana lytical and communication kills, decision-making abilities, and professional ethics. These attributes enable students to function effectively in any organizational environment upon graduation. The curriculum also helps graduates to anticipate, address, and correct problems faced in the criminal justice professions in an efficient, effective, and ethical manner.
Uniquely Qualified Faculty All faculty in the graduate program hold earned doctorates in Criminology or Criminal
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flexibility, this method is particularly suitable for full-time professionals, especially if they are involved in shift work. Officer are able to remain in their regular work environment, and can apply new skills and theories as they are acquired . This means that small or rural organizations, which do not have staffing levels or budgets to support training leaves of absence, can still participate in training opportunities . Distance learning is very cost-effective, and given the current fiscal uncertainty, this is one of its major strengths. se of po tal ervice and educational technology eliminates the travel, hotel and living expen e a sociated with typical on-site training. Distance education even eliminates the ha sles of finding suitable child care and commuting to class! For further information call 902494-883 or Fax 902 494-2598 .
justice, an attribute not found in any comparable program. All faculty are published author , experts in a variety of specializations within the field . All faculty are experienced teachers and regularly make presentations at professional conferences. The faculty draw upon a wealth of knowledge and expertise that makes the learning experience both enlightening and enjoyable.
An Interesting Curriculum The courses combine a variety of skills, information, and concrete applications for a gratifying educational experience. mall class sizes, computer availability for all students, and state-of-the-art computer library facilities provide a supportive learning environment. The Master's degree program consists ofan II-course sequence totaling 33 semester hours. All courses earn three credits. Convenient class scheduling permits students to take two courses on each class evening. For further details contact iagara Univesity at 716 286-8060 Fax 716 286-8061 .
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In Hot Pursuit of a Degree Southwest University is a leader in distance education, especially in the criminal justice field. The work of its gradu~==~~==!J ates has been recognized by many colleges and law enforcement agencies. Graduates have been employed by the U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Prisons, Federal Bureau oflnvestigation, New York State Attorney General's Office, City ofWinnipeg Police Department and numerous law enforcement agencies. Dr. Reg Sheldrick, co-founder of Southwest University which is located in New Orleans, Louisiana, has strong ties to Canada. He is a native who spent an impol1ant part of his life living and working between Montreal and Toronto. Dr. Sheldrick has been a leader in the development of non-traditional and distance education programs. Dr. Sheldrick supervises the evaluation of prior learning experiences, including college work, seminar, workshop and experiential learning in a sensible assessment which awards college credit for legitimate learn-
ing acquired through those professional experiences. What the criminal justice professional has learned in the field is used as a base to develop new skills into future opportunities. Strengths of the Southwest program are evident in its personalization to meet the needs of the individual student. The undergraduate and graduate programs are designed to offer a flexible learning environment which adapts to the student's study schedule. Alumni studies yield rave reviews of the quality and service students receive from Southwest's faculty and staff. The University does not use a prefabricated, "one size fits all" list of courses. Each student selects courses which develop the areas of expertise which initiated the student's quest for further education. The undergraduate program alone offers over thirty criminal justice courses. The graduate program expands on these offerings. Southwest University is a state licensed school in the final stages of the accreditation process through the Accrediting Commission of the Distance Education and Training Council, listed by the U.S. Department of Education as the "nationally recognized accrediting
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agency" for distance education institutions in the U.S . Although Southwest programs are referred to as non-traditional, it follows most of the admission, study, curriculum and graduation requirements of traditional colleges and universities. The standards are equivalent, but the approach differs in the emphasis on personalization, flexibility, and assisting the student in crafting an educational program to meet an individual's goals. All Southwest University degrees are earned through correspondence work using recognized textbooks. Written responses course instructions are required. All course work is read, critiqued and graded. Many students take advantage of the personalized nature of the study program to develop projects relevant to their current employment. These projects can enhance their professional stature. Many Police Chiefs have improved their departments and the skills of their officers as a direct result of their own educational efforts. Anyone interested in professional growth in criminal justice or many other fields should contact Southwest University, 2200 Veterans Boulevard, New Orleans, (Kenner), LA 70062. Phone (800) 433-5923, or (504) 468-2900, fax
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IN POLICE FLEET GRAPHICS..•
Weekly must read information for... Chiefs of Police Unit & Detachment Commanders Police Commissioners Association & Union Leaders Media Relations Office Departmental Legal Branches Internal Investigations Branch
52 weekly issues - Mailed - $150.00 52 weekly issues - Faxed - $ 300.00 Test out one edition FREE
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Ma~1996 ___________________________~~L _ LINE D _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _BLVE Magazine
An entire police college between the covers
VARRO P R S
The new Yarro Press Catalogue offers over 100 titles of books of interest to police and security officers. Yarro reports that it is the best sincle source for professionals who need to stay up on the latest methods, techniques and career advancement information. Books found in this catalogue have a wide range of topics and cetegories and include: Special Weapons and Tactics , Sniper/ Countersniper, Driving Techniques, Liability and Legal Issues, Surviving in Corrections, Monadnock Training, Executive Protection, Police Crowd Control, Modern Day Terrorism, Risk Assessment & Management, Security, Special Operations, Rope Rescue Techniques, Investigations, Leadership, Career Education. Books on subjects that would seem to be most obscure are also listed . Three titles of interest are; Office Building Security, Hospital Security and Cargo Security. If you can't afforcd all the books listed then the next best thing would be to at least have a catalogue of what is available. For more information contact Michael Nossaman at 913 432-5856 or Fax 913 4326399. E-mail: MYARRO@ao l.com.
Canadian Centre for Emergency Preparedness Presents
Sixth World Conference on Disaster Management June 16 - 21, 1996 Trade Show June 20 - 22 Hamilton Convention Centre Hamilton, Ontario
For further information call (905) 529-6956 or Fax (905) 529-1108
Emergency blanket protects both victims and paramedics
A lightweight and di sposab le emergency blanket compact enough to fit in a first-aid kit and capable of savi ng the life of an accident victim, has been developed in Britain . High-technology materials give the Universal Emergency Blanket, manufactured by Blanket Cover Ltd., remarkable thermal insulation that keeps a patient comfortably warm even in very-cold or very-hot conditions, he lping to stabi lize them before reaching hospital. The Blanket also absorbs and retains blood, perspiration and other body fluids and i a barrier to bacteria, so reducing the risk of cross contamination to other patients or to rescue or medical personnel. The Universal Emergency Blanket is made from waterproofand reflective metallised po lyester, laminated to a high-bulk air-laid lowlining paper tissue using a nonallergenic latex adhesive. This combination of material gives a unique blend of valuable properties. Exceptionally low thermal conductivity keeps the patient comfortably warm in all conditions. Because it is waterproof, it keeps the patient dry in rain, snow or sea spray, and by retaining blood or other bod i Iy fl uids, prevents contam ination of stretchers or mattresses. The tissue lining can absorb up to nine-times the blankets weight of fluid s. These benefits are combined with remarkable lightness, a casualty blanket weighs only 175 grams. It can be carried by climbers or cyclists and fits easily into first-aid kits. Because the outside of the Blanket is printreceptive, it can be personalized with the name or logo of the user organization or a sponsoring organization. For further details contact Mr. Leslie Rees atTel:0114412454014020rFax:011441245 401502 .
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Affordable judgemental firearms training ideal alternative for smaller departments and detachments
Wallin Video Productions of Minneapolis, Minnesota, has introduced a new concept in deadly force "decision making" training called
"Project Decisions Quest - Making Deadly Force Decisions. " The video consists ofa series of interactive video tapes that are claimed to be uncompromising in integrity and realism. The company c laims it is especially unique because they are
profes ionally produced by cops for cops. The other component is a unique and valuable quarterly newsletter that is a forum for sharing and receiving information on actual deadly force decisions that were made on the streets. The tapes are designed so that new officers can have the benefit of hands-on training with video tapes involvi ng realistic scenarios and multiple outcomes, without the large depart-
mental expense of purchasing a costly interactive unit. The tapes can be used by departments 0 fall sizes because they can be used anywhere with a variety of equipment, such as with a large interactive unit ifone is available, or as simple and effective as a video projector with a large sheet and live ammo. (fblanks are used all that is needed is a television and a VCR. These tapes are the first in a series. Each year, new video tapes with new scenarios and various outcomes will be produced and offered, so officers can continually be challenged. Wallin Video Productions state that the producers developed this training tool out of a strong mission to give something back to law enforcement. They have served in law enforcement and police training for most of their professional lives. The developers claim that these tapes are designed to provide officers with an effective training tool that further develops their reflexes, fine-tunes their decision-making process and ultimately enhances their confidence when confronted with the element of surprise.
Project Decision Quest - Making Deadly Force Decisions is priced at $375.00 (US) for further information contact Shelly Mydra at Wallin Video Productions at 612 786-1486 or Fax 612 786-0446.
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WASHINGTON (AP) - A review board has recommended that 10 agents of the Bureau of Alcohol , Tobacco and Firearms be punished for their behaviour at rowdy "Good 01' Boy Roundups ." The gatherings of law officers in Tennessee have drawn criticism because of the posting of signs and performance of skits containing racist comments . The board of five senior-level ATF managers recommended punishments ranging from verbal cautions to four-day suspensions . The board also recommended that the 10 receive special training in diversity and sensitivity. Counselling was also recommended for three other ATF agents.
tience or raise his voice as defence lawyer Jean-Claude Hebert picked apart statements he had made at various times to police and prosecutors and in his testimony at the Matticks drug trial itself. Brothers Gerald and Richard Matticks and five others were arrested on May 25, 1994, and charged with conspiracy to import 40 tonnes of hashish into Montreal from Mozambique and Uganda. Their trial fell apart last June , when Quebec Court Judge Micheline CorbeilLaramee ruled that three bills of lading faxed to provincial police headquarters from Customs Canada had been planted in evidence seized at the maritime salvage business of one of the accused. Simard , who oversaw that particular raid , was arrested last September and, after a five-hour interrogation, agreed to testify against police officers Pierre Duclos, Dany Fafard , Lucien Landry and Michel Patry, who were suspended from their jobs and charged last October in the affair.
Thursday
April 12, 1996
Wednesday April 10, 1996
Good 01' Boy Roundup ATF punishment proposed
April 11, 1996
No one charged in Calgary mob beating By Stephen Ewart CALGARY (CP) - Frontier justice appears to be alive and kicking on the streets of Calgary. Police don 't plan to lay charges against any members of a mob of 20 people who beat an attacker into unconsciousness after seeing him stab a bystander with a kn ife . "There was probably excessive force used in beating the bad guy but we're not going to be able to find out whodunnit," police Staff Sg!. Frank Reuser said Thursday. "Unfortunately , there were just too many people involved and we're going to be unable to identify how many."
Officer admits to lying during drug trial MONTREAL (CP) - A provincial policeman who has admitted lying during a drug trial last year submitted calmly to cross-examination Thursday at the trial of four colleagues charged with perjury and fabrication of evidence. Mario Simard did not once lose his pa-
Friday RCMP critical of Firearms Association Internet page EDMONTO N (CP) - The National Firearms Association is flirting with criminal charges by sending guidelines over the Internet on how shopkeepers can arm themselves, a top RCMP official says. The association 's president, David Tomlinson , sent out an electronic message last week detailing how merchants with guns could manoeuvre around Canadian law to defend themselves against violent attacks from robbers . Tomlinson argues storeowners who choose to protect themselves with firearms are sheltered by the law that allows Canadians to use whatever force is necessary to defend themselves . While this is true , Buisson said even police officers have to prove they had enough cause each time they discharge their weapons. The one thing saving Tomlinson from facing charges could be the many disclaimers he included in the Internet message. The four-page document has such disclaimers as: "Neither I nor the NFA accept any liability for your actions, and we will not pay for your defence lawyer."
Regina police must be paid for ticketdiscretion time: court REGINA (CP) - Regina police officers say they've been vindicated in their fight to recoup wages that were docked during a labor dispute. "It should send a message to the employer that they can 't legally dock wages in the manner they did ," said Troy Hagen , president of the Regina Police Association . On Thursday the Saskatchewan Court of Appeal ruled the Regina Board of Police Commissioners must repay the $26 ,523 deducted from 137 officers ' paycheques more than two years ago.
Monday April 15, 1996
Calgary police group targets sexual predators CALGARY (CP) - City police are using a new organizational tool in an all-out battle against sexual assault and child pornography. Operation Taboo drew personnel from several units to cope with volumes of evidence and interviews. The project, a first for the Calgary service , has so far resulted in 42 charges against two suspects - David Douglas Webber, 35, and Stanley Franklin Earl , 79.
Tuesday April 16, 1996
Policeman can sue SIU over delay, judge rules OTTAWA (CP) - A police officer's lawsuit against the province's Special Investigations Unit can proceed, a judge has ru led. Ontario's attorney general had tried to stop the action brought by regional police Cons!. David Nurse, who is suing the SIU for taking too long to clear him of a fatal shooting in 1992. After a 14-month investigation , the SIU determined Nurse's actions were justified . In his ruling , Justice E.R. Millette rejected the province 's request to have Nurse's action dismissed . The SIU is a provincial agency that probes police actions resulting in serious injury or death .
a ••flef
Wednesday
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by Tony MacKinnon
April 17, 1996
Brockville pedophile victims sue police BROCKVILLE, Ont. (CP) - Victims of a convicted child molester are suing the Ontario Provincial Police and two municipal police forces, claiming they should have acted earlier on complaints about their abuser. The suit claims Gary Walker, a former provincial police officer and hockey coach, couldn't have continued abusing boys if police had taken action when they first learned of the former Brockville-area man's sexual interest in young boys. Their suit claims local and provincial authorities failed to investigate Walker and didn't warn others that he was a child abuser. The civil suit names Walker , the Prescott police services board , Durham Regional Police, provincial police and six provincial and Durham officers. Eight male victims who were sexually abused by Walker are seeking general and punitive damages. The other two plaintiffs are the mother and spouse of a man who was assaulted and later committed suicide.
Police shot at on Cat Lake reserve KENORA , Ont. (CP) - Shots were fired at two police officers when they arrived at the Cat Lake First Nation to investigate a complaint Monday. Neither officer was injured . The incident started when two officers responded to a complaint of gunfire, said Sgt. Bill Kreps , of the Northwest Patrol in Sioux Lookout. Provincial Const. Gary Potter and irst nations Const. Wes Donaldson were not hit by the gunman and were not injured in the incident. Charged with attempted murder is Jimmy Sakakeesic, 18.
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Certificate in Police Leadership Developing Police Leaders for the 21 st Century Created in 1994 to address continuing professional education needs of Canada's policing services, the Certificate in Police Leadership is a unique program that makes professional development accessible to all. The courses are conducted by distance education during the Fall and Winter each year. Use of postal service and educational technology eliminates the travel, hotel and living expenses associated with typical on-site training.
Police Leadership and Management Development This course discusses leadership theories and the skills required of police leaders, systems building and organizational learning, individual and group behaviour, and alternate ways to lead and manage police services in the future. [Tuition: 410]
Communications Skills for Police Personnel Helps students to communicate effectively with superiors, subordinates and fellow officers, and to come across clearly and vigorously to members of the public, the media, other law enforcement agencies, and special interest groups. [Tuition: $410]
Community-Based Policing DeSigned to provide students with an up-to-date understanding of the key principles, strategies and practices of community policing. [Tuition: 410]
Budgeting and Fiscal Management for Police Services
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Winnipeg-based Shifty Corps. recently announced its latest product "Stick Shift." This product was designed to meet the hazards of pol icing in the 90 ' s. The manufacturer states the sturdy wooden replicas of police officers can be attached to a police officer's duty belt to make the personnel-strapped agency look like it still has its full compliment of officers. The replicas reflect all the minimum hiring requirements as outlined in provincial legislation, are biodegradable and the paint is lead free. The perfect gi ft for the Chief who hasn 't got anything!
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This course provides an overview of the budget process, and will help students to evaluate programs and to prepare, defend, and administer a budget. [Tuition: 410]
Legal Issues in Policing
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The newest course examines police ~countability and independence, trends in civil liability, human rights legislation, and internal police diScipline. [Tuition: 495] To discuss the role of this program in your professional development, please contact
J. Roger MacMillan by telephone at (902) 494-6440 or by E-mail at: Roger.Macmillan@Dal.Ca. To obtain a Registration Form or a detailed brochure please contact our Registrar by telephone at (902) 494-8838, by Fax at (902)494-2598, or write to: Henson College 6100 University Avenue Halifax, NS, B3H 3J5 E-mail: registrar@hen.henson.dal.ca http://www.dal.ca/- henson/home.html
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,..·1 . .... * Learning Solutions for a Changing Wo rld
Alternative to lethal force ;s worth a second look
TA R weapolls ha ve beell in use fo r aroulld 20 years alld have beell th e source of mixed review by m(/IIY la w ellforcemellt agencies. Th e 1I01l-lethal weapoll has sufferedfrom lI egative image alld pre s sill ce it first came 011 th e scelle. Police usillg such techllology brought back image of offi cers armed with electric callie prods f or crowd cOlltrol ill th e 60 's. TASERs received alloth er blow to its popularity ill th e illfamous Rodll ey Killg illcidellt whell it was used reportedly with lillie or 110 effect. III this submissioll Ottawa j ournalist JO/III Steillbachs was in vited to revisit th e TA SE R and its more recent usage alld applications. by JO/III teillbachs In 19 7, an officer in Walnut Creek, California had a chance to participate in a police a i ted suicide. The officer was attempting to . ubdue a man who kept repeating "Kill me . Kill me." fter repeated order to back away from the fficer, the suspect continued to approach the officer with hi fi ts clenched, saying " I want t die." When the u pect was four to six feet away, the officer drew his TA ER, a non-lethal stun gun, and fired t",o darts at the suspect. Both dati. made contact with the man. They delivered a 50,000 volt charge and he collapsed. The uspect wa taken to a hospital where the dart \\ere removed from hi che t and he was released into police cu tody with no il l effects. Ihi story could have had a more tragic ending. I fthe officer did not have a T ASER, the su. pect would be dead . The officer would have been dragged through mile of red tape and trial. to explain his actions that night. Instead, the u pect wrote a letter thanking the officer for not allowing him to harm anyone or himself. "I know I wa not in control of my actions. But that i no exeu e for what I did," he wrote. "I will n t a k that you forgive me, but to thank the Lord and your training as a police officer that I did n t harm anyone." The TA R makes sense for police officer . The truth of thi ean be seen in situations where an officer does not have a TASER. Without the T R police are put into dangerou ituation in which a gun need to be used only be au e there is no alternative. A ad example of this happened in 1995, ",hen Lo ngeles police re ponded to a fight
between two brothers. When the police arrived at the scene, one of the brothers attacked an officer and attempted to grab his gun. The suspect then grabbed a meta l bar and began to swing it. After three more officers arrived on the scene, the suspect fled only to be discovered in a nearby back yard. When the officer arrived in the back yard the suspect charged at him and was pepper sprayed. The officer attempted to back away but the suspect continued charging at him. With his back against a wall struggling with the suspect, the officer broke free and shot the man dead. It is this sort of incident which inspired police departments to begin looking foralternative ways to subdue suspects. The reality of the situation is that it doesn't need to happen. The TA ER has been proven by many police forces to be a safe and effective weapon for subduing a suspect. In 1986, the Los Angeles police Department used a TASER 600 times to subdue suspects. In the first ha lfof 1989, in 16 of the 19 cases where a person abusing the drug PCP became violent, the TASE R was used successfu ll y in apprehending suspects without causing serious injuries to either officers or suspects. The T A ER has been proven safe by the Los Angeles County coroner in the 1980's. He determined that of 16 deaths where a T ASER was involved, II were attributed to drug overdoses, three were due to gunshots, one resulted from a heart condition which might have been caused by the PCP the suspect was using and one was undetermined. A common myth about the TASER is that it could cause a heat1 attack in a person, espe-
cia ll y children. This would come as a surprise to two Houston police officers who subd ued a twelve year old boy using the TA ER. The boy was under a porch with a knife and was threatening to kill himself. After a police negotiator had attempted for more than two hours to talk him out of it, two officers subdued the boy with the TA ER with no ill effects. Mi conceptions about the TASER come from a misunderstanding of the device. The T A ERdoes notaffectthe heart. The TAS R's electrical output is well below the level established as safe by U. . federal and state governments. The full output of the TASER (50,000 volts) has been passed through the heartofa one pound monkey with no harmful effect. Even suspects with pacemakers are safe from ill effects. Modern pacemakers are bui It to withstand electrical pulses hundreds of times stronger than thatoftheTASER. TheTA ER's output cannot electrocute someone standing in water (a totally di fferent electrical circuit) and the charge can't be transferred from one person to another. The T A ER operates very simply. When the voltage is administered to a suspect, the electrical output causes involuntary muscle contractions and a loss of balance. However, the TA ER does not destroy the nerves, muscles or other parts of the body. For the T A ER to be effective the suspect has to be within 15 feet of the officer. The officer has two choices when using the T A ER. They can either launch the two darts at the subject or they can use the second option of two probes which remain connected to the weapon. The Courts in the United tates al 0 agree on the need for the TA ER.ln Michenfelder vs. Sumner a federal court found that: "Authori ties bel ieve the T ASER is the preferred method for controlling prisoners because it is the' least confrontational ' when compared to the use of physical restraint, billy club, mace or "beanbag" guns ... When contrasted to alternative methods for physically controlling inmates, some of which can have serious after effects, the TA ER compared favourably." A ashville police officer helped free a hostage with the TASER as early as 1977. A suspect was holding a building security guard hostage after e caping from police in another area. When ashville police arrived on the scene they found the suspect holding a piece of broken glass to the ho tage's throat. One officer distracted him while another walked beh ind him and used the T A ER. "He started vibrating allover," said the officer. "To me it looked like he was doing a little dance. Then he fell to his knees." The aftermath of any police shooting leaves the officer's mora le at record lows. Internal and external pressures on the officers involved in shootings are always intense. People who weren't there often second guess the officer's actions without understanding the instant judgment required and the tremendous stress involved.
BLUE L I NE Q Magazine ----------------------\-6~--------------------May, 1996
Officers who make peaceful arrests of violent suspects don't make the front page of newspapers. This is why police have pursued nonviolen t ways to subdue suspects. With the present day dri ve for non-leth al weapons, many new products have entered the market, but none are as effective or afe as the TASE R. Some of these incl ude differe nt types of sprays. T he pro blem w ith these sprays is that they don't have a perfect track record when dealing with violen t drug, a lcoho l or psychological cases. Pol ice in Los Ange les have also attempted to use a modified lion net. The problem with this device is that it takes two officers to deploy it and i difficu lt to use in cramped surro undings. They have a lso deve loped eight foot long leg grabbers which are designed to ho ld a suspect at a distance. one of these are as versati le as the TASE R, which has a wide acceptance among officers who have u ed it overthe years. The L.A. P.D. has used the TA ER wi th an 80 per cent success rate. The T ASER takes onl y one officer to deploy, when used properly leaves no lasting injury, and it keeps the officer at a safe distance from the suspect. This allows the officer to subdue a su pect without using lethal force, saving lives while keeping the streets safe. The T ASE R is not a new product on the market but may have been overlooked or hastily dismissed in the past. With a price tag around th e sa me as a fi rearm it is worth a sober seco nd look. For further details fee l free to contact Don Salt at 6 13 652-4623.
This Is The Law Courtesy Milligan's Correlated Criminal Code - 1996
Although police agencies may possess prohibited weapons the Criminal Code takes a dim view on the public possession of such an item. 84( J)(e) " Prohib ited weapon" means ... a weapon of any kind ... that is declared by order of the Governor in Council to be a prohibi ted weapon ...
Prohibited Weapons Order N o.3 Declaration 2. The following are hereby declared to be prohibited weapons: (a) the device known as "Taser Public Defender", being a gun or a device similar to a gun capable ofinjuring, immobilizing or otherwise incapacitating a person by the discharge therefrom of darts or any other object carrying an electric current or substance; (b) any device that is designed to be capable of injuring, immobilizing or incapacitating a person or an animal by discharging an electrical charge produced by means of the amplification or accumulation of the electrical current generated by a battery, where the device is designed or altered to that the electrical charge may be discharged when the device is of a length of less than 480mm; and (c) any other device similar to the device referred to in paragraph (a) or (b).
Persons found with this item in their possession are liable to a penalty of up to ten years in prison if the prsoecutor proceeds by indictment.
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Community Policing The lI1yth and the reality! By Jlliian Fanlino
hielol Police The in titution of policing as we have traditionally known it is being slowly but urely altered, and in some ca e ystematicallydismantied . Regrettably though, much of what is happening represents an evolution of change for the ake of change. Much of the change is intended to accommodate the uperficial vision Orman) called policing experts who are intent on watering down traditional police values and practice in favour of an unconditional buy-in to the many controver ial references made ab ut "comm unity policing". That i not to say that I don't bel ieve we ean do better. ver my 26 year of policing experience, acquired in two major anadian communities and much of it on the front line and hand -on I have been an a tive participant in the evolu~ tion orp licing; an evolution that, although not always flawles ,invariably maintained the culture, heritage, and tradition of policing as an honourable and gl rious profession that even ir Robert Peel mu t have believed in as he defined hi celebrated " Principles of Law nforcement". Regrettably though , the contemporary vi ion of the "institution of policing" is becoming blurred, politicized, and in ome cases badly di torted by a lack of under tanding about "the maintenance of the public peace" as being the primary mandate of the police. This mandate which, however defined , must enhance the ~ u n erious local problem and fa ilitllle effective olution, including high profile, targeted enforcement strategies. rhe modern buzzword a sociated with community policing have evolved into a great dealorc nfusingjargon and trendy title, which, together with the application of politically correct treatment, have become the latest hypocrisy of the "community policing spin doctors" ~hose mis ion i to make everything palatable and nice so that it can be fed to the masses, much like pablLlm to a hungry baby. The re ult are intended to conjure up the optics of warm and fua) feelings all over aboutthe upposed "new" role and mandate of the police. Mostas uredly, the results are intended to produce the kind of dialogue that will guarantee advantage for anyoneeeking to prom te political/ ocial action agendas. I 100vever, the fact remains that the role or police has never changed except for one major con ideration. Policing has evolved into a lucrative indu try or pa time for anyone having an opinion, a cause, or criticism about the
o The belief that changing names and titles of organizations and their entities automatically will conjure up realities of new, kinder, gentler, and more effective policing. ommunity policing is not intended to implement a renamed police mandate. ommunity policing is much more than optics, cosmetics, buzz words, and wishful thinking, not the least of which is the need for officer buy-in, good morale, proper staffing levels, and operating resources.
o The unrealistic expectation that the police be all things to all people all the time, be solely responsible and accountable for resolving the ails of society that contribute to crime and the resulting perceptions about diminished public safety. In reality, the lack of definition, proven measurements, and evaluation of community policing have also resulted in role confusion and controversy for the police, the media, and the general public. All ofthi creates unrealistic expectations of the police that simply cannot be reconciled. Therefore, more disappointment for everyone.
o The notion that getting pol ice officers out of
many related issues that abound. I am amazed at the number of so-called policing experts and authorities who have surfaced over a relatively short period of time. The inventory of know-it-all types crosses all professional, political, and other demarcations. Many such individuals, however identi fied and whatever their agenda, share a common element that is both consistent and obvious. The agenda consists of an artificial appreciation for the realities of real-life policing, past, present, or future. These realities are all too often badly distorted or ignored for a variety of reasons; not to mention their hoped-for nostalgic return to the "good old days", "Officer Friendly" vision, and under tanding of the dynamics of policing. implistie, hallow, and generally unrealistic views focus on the police as the solution for all the socioeconomic ails that abound. orne will also have us believe that community policing is the key to "urban renewal". orne realities and contradictions readily come to mind:
o The notion that community policing is a "canned program" that comes off the shelf at the "community policing store", which police chiefs can simply transplant into their respective communities. Community policing is not a new strategy. There is no universal program or definition of community policing, nor are police chiefs ignorant of the many complex issues that impact.
cars and specialized units for wholesale redeployment to foot and bicycle patrols and community offices, working with volunteers with existing or static resources is the answer to everything. Community policing is very labour-intensive and at the out et at least, can be expensive. Cost-effectivene s and efficiency mu t be considered as well. II related trategies and initiative need to beevaluated, including the public's expectations for quick and effective police intervention and crime fighting initiatives.
o The arbitrary push for storefronts or community police offices staffed by volunteers for no other logical justification than the initiative seems to be working elsewhere and, therefore, will universally translate into similar benefits. Community policing initiatives, to be effective, must be customized. A universal method of implementation of community policing does not exist, and each organization and community must determine how they will go about it in a way that is particularto the local needs. There are no universal, "best practice" community policing initiatives.
o Encouraging and promoting the free-spirit, absolute discretion, selfreliance, independent, do-your-own-thing kind of community involvement by front line officers, without emphasis on the corporate philosophy, controls, policies, rules, regulations, and accountability, can lead to disaster, not the least of which is corruption. Community policing has to be carefully managed and resourced, and must include extensive communication, consultation, training, and buyin. This is to ensure that employees do what management and the community want because employees want to - not because they have to. Police organizations should not move to community policing without fir t ensuring the sup-
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port of the rank and file. Change comes from within and will not succeed without the unilateral support and buy- in of police officers who, in the end, are the crucial component in achieving "community policing", however implemented. Also crucial to change is the prerequisite consideration necessary to ensure police officers and their organizations work closely together in efforts to support change-making, partnersh ips, and good morale. Emp loyees need to be included in the decision-making process to remain committed and productive in the workplace.
D It is ludicrous to relegate the police to the role, responsibility, and accountability for urban renewal and social reform. The police cannot be expected to provide answers to everything and solve every problem. Rather, the police should act in a mediating and leadership function in the community. Also, it is unrealistic to expect that community policing will solve all the problems that contribute to diminished safety, security, and quality of life in our communities. The police must not be maneuvered into unreasonable expectations. Law enforcement, crime prevention, and public safety must remain the primary function of police. D Community policing is not an excuse to divert funding from police budgets or a strategy to redeploy personnel from behind-the-scenes, specialized, investigative, intelligence, and enforcement units. Neither is it a realistic way to avoid having to sustain efforts against street crime, organized crime, white collar crime, environmental crime, and related threats on the long-term safety, security, and quality oflife of communities. Community policing must not be promoted in the context of "greet and wave" "soft approach" police work.
D Con idering the extraordinary focus on community policing, especially at the various political levels, relatively few resources have been allocated to research the issues, define the concept, promote a universal interpretation, and measure the results. Community policing is performance dri ven. Resources have to be avai 1able to meet the performance level expected by the community. In simple terms, ifit is to be that police be thrust into the role of fixing all the socio-economic woes of society, be present on every street corner, and be involved in everything going, the commensurate amount of resources must be allocated. Otherwise, the dream remains but a dream and the experiment will surely fail. Admittedly, with appropriate consideration, all of the foregoing in some way oranother have a degree of merit and importance when discussing a balanced and informed approach to community policing initiatives that are both attainable, realistic, affordable, and most assuredly, flexible enough to address the particular needs of individual communities. That is the thru t of the argument that I advance for, not against, community policing. I believe that in a proper and balanced context it is an important philosophy, however accomplished. Rather, my admittedly cautious and guarded outlook about community policing is significantly reinforced by those who know very little about the com-
plexities ofthe subject and who are ignorant of the many serious issues that impact. As an example, I draw on my personal experience and awareness of the serious threat facing our communities from the tentacles of organized crime. Strategic criminal intelligence that is reinforced ongoing by criminal probes clearly indicates the resourcefulness, determination, ruthlessness, and successes being attained by organized crime syndicates. Their impact is being felt severely in communities everywhere. Canada, especially in its large cities, is now facing overwhelming challenges in the areas of transnational organized crime involving drugs, stolen motor vehicles, outlaw motorcycle gangs, firearms smuggling, computer frauds . and money laundering, to name but a few examples. Moreover, organized crime has evolved into terrorism, the trafficking of nuclear products, and corruption of officials. All of the above in one way or another impact directly on communities everywhere, and this kind of intelligence information is crucial for police managers in planning for appropriate responses in efforts to keep local communities safe. Moreover, Canada, with its widely-known soft criminal laws and immigration controls, is providing both a haven and a sanctuary for imported criminals and their diverse enterprises. Hence, Canada has also evolved into a prominent base of operation for transnational organized crime networks.
(Colltinued...)
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May, 1996 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _----\~ ~-------------------- MagaZ;na
0, while the sophistication of the organized criminal networks isatan all-time high, the ill-informed proponents of community policing want to arbitrarily dismantle the highly specialized, non-uniformed core of policing expert . These experts, although uncelebrated and not obviously apparent on the street, have in fact laboured vigorously and effectively on the front lines to keep communities safe. Redeployment of the e officers will obviously result in more uniformed foot and bicycle patrols and torefronts. Although admittedly, more uniformed officer will probably translate into immediate positive police relations in the community. It must al 0 be recognizcd that the result will be artificial and shortlived, and ju t long enough for the organized criminal element to regroup, savouring every momentoftheirnew-found fortunes thank to the meddling of the know-it-all community policing expcrts. Ironically, some of the o-called community policing expert are nothing more than astute opportunit, bu iness people if you will, with no concrete olution . They have embraced "a cause for profit" agenda espousing rhetoric about the wonders of putting all police officers into uniform , doing away with detectives, everybody walking the beat, riding bicycles, staffing tore fronts, etc. A lot of good this notion or panacea will accomplish when the transnational organized crime networks, outlaw bikers, sophisticated drug dealers and gangs own the neighbourhoods! Doe this mean that I am not a proponent of community policing? Hardly. In fact, I consider my elfa long-time, committed supporter and a reali t of the culture. I have worked intimately at the community level where I acquired a
personal understanding and appreciation for the plight of disenfranchised citizens whose lives are impacted dai Iy by the ravages of drugs, gangs, crime, and violence right on their front door. It is in that context that I hold to my core values and beliefs that drugs, gangs, crime, and violence are but symptoms of the problem. While the police have been working vigorously to address many of the contributing factors,
most other entities seem to have been able, once again, to escape accountability, now possibly by causing a diversion and deflecting responsibility to the police through their rhetoric about community policing. I hasten to add that all that glitters is OTcommunity policing. What about society's responsibility in solving the underlying causes of crime and disorder? Community policing should not be implemented just to do something because nothing else works, and certainly not for cosmetic or politically expedient motives. If anything, it has been the traditional integrity and commitment of police officers and their organizations that have been the constant in uncompromised efforts to ensure optimum public safety. I readily agree that as an operational strat-
RETIREMENT DINNER IN HONOUR OF
Deputy Chief James Wingate Peel Reg ional Pol ice Thursday, June 20, 1996 The Capitol Banquet Centre 6435 Dixie Road Mississauga Tickets $40.00 - For tickets, presentations or other inquiries, please contact: Diane Kerr (905) 453-3311, ext. 4701, Peel Regional Police, 7750 Hurontario Street, Brampton, Ontario, L6V 3W6
BLUE LINE
egy, the concept of community policing as a problem-solving partnership working with the community, if implemented with a balance of initiatives, resources, and programs that are configured to deal with specific local issues and concerns, represents a very effective and efficient use of police resources. This is a strategic opportunity to solve problems instead of continuing to acquire added resources simply to manage ongoing situations However, I also believe that the proponents of community policing need to keep their eyes less on the philosophy, and more on the street. Community policing is a process, not an event, and certainly not a legitimate opportunity or excuse to revolutionize the traditional role and mandate of police. No one, especially me, is arguing against the benefits of community policing as an important corporate culture. Obviously, community-based initiatives such as crime prevention, community partnerships and problem solving, youth programs, and the like, are extremely important. But let it be recognized also that communities must not succumb to the uninformed rhetoric of the politically correct, some of whom are also intent on hijacking the punitive component of the police mandate in favour of the glitz and glory, greet and wave, warm fuzzy feeling version of policing. Realistically, police work is not social work. In my humble opinion, unless a balance is maintained, the results will be a serious compromise of the primary responsibility of police. It is their responsibility to keep the peace, and this includes vigorously enforcing the laws of the land, criminal intelligence gathering, and the utilization of specialized units. Therefore, the need for a strategic, balanced, and well-informed approach in any implementation of community-based policing initiatives is absolutely crucial. Obviously, police leaders must understand that the police mandate comes from the public - to serve the public. The mandate for police has never changed. It has been said that we as a society have changed. Ifanything, it is now appropriate and timely that police redefine their mandate. In essence, it is my contention that the citizens are entitled to have the quality, quantity, and style of policing they want and are willing to support. In the end, I don't think that the public w ill be fooled by the transparent rhetoric, especially when their safety is compromised and they feel threatened. So let it be said that a balanced approach to community policing represents some unique and very exciting challenges for communities everywhere. This includes some rather innovative opportunities for police to make meaningful inroads in the areas of race relations, community partnerships, problem solving, and enhanced interaction with the youth. These important initiatives also require long term investment and commitment, dedicated resources, and continuity of personnel. This is labourintensive work, in return for which the potential long-term benefits are, indeed, appealing. 0
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quick fix solution to anything. Rather, community policing, ifstrategically implemented with balance and resources, can in fact attain very positive results. However, one would also expect that regardless of the many ill-informed conclusions and misunderstandings that abound about community policing, citizens and police managers especially must remain focused on the realities that prevail. They must not become blinded by illusions ofa panacea conjured up in the context of community policing being a quick fix solution to the very complex and vexing safety, security, and quality of life issues that abound in communities everywhere. Community policing is not a simple matter, and it provides no simple solutions. It shou ld also be recognized that we are dealing with very complex issues that also impact on change-making. Moreover, we need to acknowledge that a great deal of progress has been made in policing - more so than in other areas such as the Criminal Justicl! ystem, victims' rights, government waste, overlap and accountability. A great deal of progress has also been made in police efficiency, sensitivity, commitment to change, racial/community relations, employment equity, and much more. An enviable record that deserves much more praise and recognition than what is forthcoming from some quarters of the politically correct know-it-all elite of our society. It is also worth commenting that although much criticism, suspicion, and rhetoric are heaped upon the police by some, the overwhelming majority of citizens trust, respect, and support our profession. This fact alone represents a compelling reason for: "Community policing is a philosophy that reaches out to law-abiding people in the community and involves them in the poliCing process, serving as the vital link required to enlist their help in actively promoting order and stability, " but not at the expense of law enforcement initiatives. The positive results of effective community-oriented , problem-solving policing, of uniformed patrols deployed with balance and sophistication, of specialized squads, skilled detectives, and dedicated support staff, all caring, dedicated, and sensitive professionals, are in fact evident in many communities. This evidence was there long before the advent of the community policing spin doctors, mostofwhom have much to say about a not-so-new way of providing very effective policing, however defined. The time is long overdue to put community policing concepts in perspective. We must stop the rhetoric and exaggerated expectations that have become the inappropriate language of the "community policing spin doctors". However defined, however implemented, community policing remains a philosophy that simply must respect the traditional police mandate as being crucial to the task at hand; that being "community safety". Finally, however interpreted, community policing represents an evolution, and not a revolution as some will have us believe.
Chief Julian Fantino may be contacted at 519 661 -5664
Youth "Taking Care" is the message from the street to the classroom Wendy Taylor, B. C Mil/istry of Attorn ey Gel/ eral The street is not a glamorous place when you're 14 and your life is totally controlled by a pimp who says he loves you, then sends you out with no money to sell your body. This is, however, the reality of youth exploited by pimps and recruited into prostitution. It is also the very real message four young people are passing on to other youth in British Columbia Lower Mainland schools. The group calls themselves "TC02 - Taking Care of Ourselves, Taking Care of Others" and they have researched and developed a 50 minute interactive presentation entitled If It 's Too Good fo be True.
The workshop contains straight forward and serious messages about the risks of being drawn into prostitution. how it happens and how quickly, and what individuals and groups can do to prevent a life of violence. poverty and abuse. TCO' shares the message that ifit sounds "too gopd to be true", it probably is. The four youth who make up TC02 are Kerry Constable, Tasha Evans, Nelson Leis and Joshua Reynolds and prevention is the purpose of their school workshop. TC02 use dramatic monologues. interactive discussions and theatre games such as "Dress the Pimp" to raise awareness and help young people understand the issues surrounding street youth and child sexual exploitation. The stories are revealing for the young audi-
ences, the majority of whom are in grade six and up. TC02 identit) common recruiting methods used by pimps - flattery. promises of glamour, money and independence. The group then offers tips to help youth rccognile and avoid potential victimization. A question and answer period follows the presentation and provides youth with an opportunity to speak out, ask questions or share experiences with TC02. The workshop also emphasizes the need for communities and youth to get involved and to understand the importance of taking care of ourselves and others. Teachers are informed of the contents of the presentation in advance and an information kit for parents and teachers has also been prepared to help address concerns and provide practical information and resources. Presentations are also available for parent and other community groups. TC02 have presented over 300 workshops since October when the project began and the response has been excellent. The project is currently funded through the Vancouver Action Plan on Prostitution. It was developed and is being administered by the B.C. Ministry of Attorney General Youth Programs Division, in partnership with the Children of the Street Society. For more information on TC02 or to book a workshop, please contact Youth Programs Division in Burnaby at (604) 660-2605.
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Ma~1996 ___________________________~~~ BLU£ LIN£ V- ____________________________ M a g a z in e
Mq~t (I)~e
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Whatcha gonna do when they come for you? Sometimes good people have to hurt bad people or good people will lose and more good people are hurt! You don't train to lose ... you train to win!
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Prevention vs. Extrication Most cops would agree that it is far better to prevent a bad situation from occurring in the first place than it is to have to extricate yourself from one. Certainly that applies in a potential multiple assailant situation. A sound initial assessment, the proper use of back-up, control overyour subjects, timely use of the radio, good use of the environment, preplanned tactical withdrawal routes are all extremely important. Good tactics and sound judgment go a long way in preventing bad situations from evolving. You must remember however that these scenarios often occur spontaneously, having grown out of routine encounters, and they tend to escalate very quickly. So in some cases you may have no choice but to extricate.
Use of Force Context
by Joel A. J ohll lOll
Does It Happen Here? Do mUltiple assailant attacks really occur here .. .in anada? It would be nice ~~lSf albeit naive, to believe that they don't. adly in this day and age it would eem that multiple assai lant assaults have become the rule rather than the exception . That is to say that whenever a group of people are together and a ituation of violence arises there is a greater likelihood than not, that all members of that group will involve themselves in the violence, whether it is against one person or otherwi e. A ignificant number of high profile incident have occurred in British olumbia over the pa t couple of years where groups of assailants have attacked and seriously injured or killed their victim . Many law abiding citizens are fearful of passing groups of youths on their way to the local convenience store. Usually the incident is forced upon the victim, or grows out of a minor confrontation or criminal plan that rapidlye calates out of control, with the victim left maimed ordead. It is a truly disturbing trend
'
among the general population. But what about police officers? Surely you command sufficient respect to deter a group of individuals from spontaneously attacking us. Well, the overall statistics say differently, in fact, 40% of all assaults against police officers are by two or more assailants. Bad guys are more willing to roll the dice and gang up on cops now more than ever before. On Halloween 1995 a police officer in the Greater Vancouver area was dispatched to a call of a citizen being assaulted by a group of youths. Upon arrival, the uniformed officer moved to intervene and protect this citizen, when he was blind-sided with a punch to the head and knocked to the ground . Suddenly he found himself surrounded by an aggressive, hostile group of youths that began to resemble more of a 'wolf pack' than a group of local high school kids. Fortunately cover showed up at that moment and was able to successfully disperse the 'pack' and make a couple of arrests. Often however, the results aren't so favourable . Often the results are disastrous where officers have been savagely beaten, or even worse - disarmed and shot with their own weapon .
Probably the most vivid image that police officers have of a multiple assailant attack is one that was captured on a dash-mounted video camera in Garrison, Texas in January of 1991. Constable Darrell Lunsford was checking a group of three individuals during a roadside stop when he was suddenly and viciously attacked by this cowardly trio. He was taken to the ground within three seconds and was killed with his own weapon eleven seconds later. Fourteen econds between life and death . Constable Lunsford was 6'5" and 280 Ibs. His assailants were in the 5'6"-5'7" and 155-170 Ib range. Clearly a multiple assailant situation is a deadly force encounter. An encounter that a police officer cannot afford to lose! Could those assailants have fled the scene without killing the officer? Was it easier for them to achieve their short term goal by killing the officer? Does a group of assailants not leaving demonstrate clear intent to do you harm? Are you justified in rapidly escalating your force response in dealing with multiple assailants? The ansyour to all of these questions is a resounding, YES! To reiterate, a multiple assailant situation is a deadly force encounter. It is essential that you consider and come to terms with the amount of force you are willing to use against multiple assailants. You must understand your force response j usti fication and be prepared to articulate this justification before the courts. There is considerable empirical evidence to support the fact that multiple assailant attacks arise out of seemingly routine situations or encounters. They escalate extremely rapidly, and the natural conclusion, if they are not successfully defended, is likely serious bodily harm or death. The federal statutes relating to the use of force speci fically authorize you to protect yourselffrom this type of attack. There is no time for a guarded, measured response in dealing with a 'wolfpack' . You know there may be as little as 14 seconds between your living or dying. It is important to remember that police officers have a duty to protect the public, but if they can't first protect themselves how can they possibly protect the public?
The 'Wolf Pack' Mentality A number of dynamics occur within a group that do not occur in one on one confrontations . There is that stated or unstated
BLU£ LIN_£__________________________~~ M a gazine V-L-----------------------------Ma~1996
pressure or agreement in groups to act in concert with each other and support each other. There is also a feeling of reduced risk and greater anonymity within a group, and with that a reduced sense of accountability . Additionally there is the peer pressure to keep pace with the group, and to perform and participate equally. People in groups are often said to descend several rungs on the evolutionary ladder and behave in a more crude, Neanderthal fashion .
When Does a Group Become a Potential 'Wolf Pack'? It is partofa police officer'sjob to routinely deal with groups of people, and certainly most of those groups could not be considered ' wolf packs' - but is the potential there for a situation to escalate? It is absolutely critical that officers become experts in reading the verbal and non-verbal cues that people give off when they are dealing with them. Situations often don ' t 'just happen'they develop, because there is often a failure to accurately assess or sometimes even recognize those pre-assault cues that occur prior to an incident becoming physical. If you are tuned into these cues, in many cases a bad situation may be averted.
General Pre-Assault Cues - raspiness or change in the voice - repeated words or phrases - confrontationallaggressive/hosti Ie language - direct threats - unusual/inappropriate sweating - tightening of jaw/clenching of teeth - resistive tension in body and face
- mouth breathing or audible breathing - balling of fists - extremity tremble - 1000 yard stare (intimidation) - target glancing (looking where they will attack) - looking around (for witnesses/escape routes) - encroachment of space - physical distraction (ie: dropping things) - reaction hand distraction - blading body (turning sideways) - weight shifting (ready to attack) - rolling shoulders forward, tucking chin, bending knees All of these cues indicate that a physical attack is imminent. Usually these cues occur as a result of stress, are done to intimidate, to prepare the body to fight, or to cause their intended victim to drop their guard. These cues apply to one on one encounters as well as multiple assailant encounters.
Multiple Assailant Specific Pre-Assault Cues ... positioning of members of group relative to each other ... positioning of members of group relative to victim (adjusting to each otherorto victim in order to attack) . . assailants glancing at each other(silentcommunication) . . words or phrases that don't make sense or are out of context (used to confuse or as an attack signal) . . unusual body language (inconsistent with words, out of context may be an attack cue) ... secondary subject distraction (one person will attempt to divert attention towards another)
These cues strongly suggest that you are not dealing with a group. You are in fact dealing witha ' wolfpack' . These cues occur in an effort by the assailants to coordinate an effective attack, or to lower our awareness so the attack becomes easier for them. If these cues are recognized, and the opportunity exists, perhaps this is the appropriate time to revise your priorities, turn into 'Officer Friendly' , curtail any investigative activities and gracefully disengage from this imminent physical encounter. No arrest, ticket or check could possibly be worth your physical safety. Better to return when the odds are more in your favour.
Your Multiple Assailant Mentality A multiple assailant situation is no longer an arrest and control situation. It is quite simply a survival situation. Your goals must change and accordingly your techniques and tactics must change. But above all else your mentality must be correct, you must be 100% committed to winning! You cannot afford to be mentally overwhelmed by the numbers, and you cannot simply accept the attitude of , taking as many of them down with me as I can'. These are both defeatist attitudes . You must first defeat multiple assai lants in your mind if you have any hope of defeating them physically. Can you win against multiple assailants? Has it been done before? - Absolutely! As you probably know trying to make an arrest of a violent subject with too many cops is not necessarily better, only better right now is better! You have a number of advantages in a multiple assailant situation, and you must take
THIS TRIGGERED A REVOLUTION.
GlDck was the first tD manufacture a pistDI that dDesn't require an external lever tDrender it hDt Dr cDld. Handgun enthusiasts and law enfDrcement Dfficers wDrldwide have shDwn a distinct preference fDr this GIDck technDIDgy fDr SDme time nDW. UndDubtedly, that's why SD many Dther manufacturers have, as well.
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BLUE LINE
hray, 1996 ______________________________________~ ~r--------------------------------------~agaZine
Force Opti ons Theory Model This visual representatJon IS based primanly on the ProVince of Ontano's Force Response OptJons ViSUal model
The officer responds with the most reasonable option(s) relative to the situation. advantage fthem all. Fir tand foremost, when the 'wolfpa k' thinks that you are the prey, you must become the predator! Your Intermediate Goals You all agree that in a multiple as ailant situati n our goal is to win, or to urvive the encounter. There i no hame in defeating a group of individual who are committed to phy ically de troying you and probably continuing on to victimize more good people. You are the good people in thi equation and there i n thing wrong with winning. ' urvi ing the encounter doe n't imply mean getting out of it with a pulse, it means sur iving phy ically, mentally, and legally inta t. . 0 if winning or total urvival are your primary goal how do you a hieve that? Deva tate th e group psychologically - take out the leader no\~ and completely - cau e a psychologically devastating vi ible
injury - force a group retreat (several in the group really don't want to be there, but you must give them a reason to leave) Make a chalice to escape ill complete safety - create a clear window to disengage in complete safety - get to the car - get to a safe haven - light long enough for cover to arrive (stay in shape!) Make a chalice to trallsitioll to th e jirearm - createaclearopportunity to disengage, draw, and point the sidearm (it will likely take more time than one might think! Especially if wearing a ecurity holster) - employ loud, repetitive verbal commands - do not chance losing the weapon by attempting to acquire it at an inopportune moment. Destroy th e group physically (this is the most difficult course of action,
however you will likely not have to defeat each and every as ailant. Many times 3 out of5 don't really want to play!) - u e sound tactics of creening, cracking, and redirecting - use as ailant against each other trike and kick to high percentage target - use the environment favourably : use door frames/hallway as protective funnel; use natural object (cars, trees, mail boxe , etc.) as obstacles to as ailants; let those obstacles do damage to assailants - TRAI "ith multiple as ailants in mind! What Can You Do? If you agree that multiple assailant represent a potential problem to you or other members of your agency that problem must be addres ed in training. That means all operational per onnel hould be trained in how to effectively deal with the 'wolf pack' . The training should include: prevention and avoidance strategies; u e of force context, ju tilication, and response; the winning mind set; pre-a sault cue; primary, intermediate, and ub idiary goals; basic concepts and strategies; specific tactic and techniques for defeating mUltiple. This training hould be primarily hands-on and if po ible involve the u e of Dynamic imulation training, so that officer get to experience omething re emblingareal world application. You do not need to be a trained martial arti t to defeat multiple assailants, but you do need to have considered the po sibility of this happening 0 that you are not psychologically and emotionally overwhelmed if it does. AI 0 you do have to be able to recognize the sign, understand your goal , and apply ome basic strategie , tactics and techniques. Train \\ith multiple assailants in mind. If you do, the one on one situations \~ill become that much easier, and you \\ill ensure that you are prepared to deal with one of the highe t threat level that you may e er face . TRAI TO WI !
References Philip J Messina, President - Modern Warrior Inc.. Lmdenhurst, ""Y - 1995 George DemetriOu, Yew York City Police Dept , Brooklyn. VY - 1995
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Internalional hOlokan Karate Federation, Philadelphia, P-l - 1995
Joel John ton i the ontrol Tactics Coordinator for the Vancouver PoIice Department. lIe is the west coast representative ofPP T Management Systems Inc. and has certified over 100 PP T Instructor in anada, the U.. , and British West Indies.
Editor's Note
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If) our agenc) has a genuine interest in dealing wi th this .ery real problem feel free to contact the author through your t raining Section on your agenc) letterhead requesting a complete lesson plan on "Defllillg with Multiple Assailallls". The address is: Vancou\er Police Department 312 Main treet Vancouver Be V6A 2T2
8LV£L'N£ ----------------------~~2 6 r--------------------------------M sgszinS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - \ V f - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -May, 1996
Security 'irll1 responds to police alarll1 valid. The cost to municipalities is enormous. Police peg the cost of responding to a false alarm at $1 00, for two officers and a cruiser for 30 minutes, plus the cost of support services. By that measure alone, Toronto taxpayers shelled out 12 million tax dollars to service false alarms last year. "The advantage of the Sonitrol system is that it gives police actual proof that a break-in is in progress," says Joe Wilson, vice-president of Sonitrol's Canadian operations. "Our technology permits human operators to ' listen in' and then transmit the audio recording live to the police. As well, video photos of the burglars can be faxed to the police dispatcher or to any patrol carequipped with a fax machine. Result? Police respond faster and are better prepared to handle the situation". Unlike many conventional alarm systems, Sonitrol audio security covers an entire building, detecting attempted break-ins through unconventional pointsofentry such as walls, vents and ceilings, as well as doors and windows. Should a burglar hide inside a building past closing, the Sonitrol system alerts the central station the moment suspicious sounds are detected, minimizing the potential for severe loss or damage.
In what could set a trend for other financially squeezed municipalities, the Chief of Police of London, Ontario announced recently that his officers will not respond to security alarms from 6 in the morning to 10 at night unless they have verified proof that a criminal act is being committed. The Chiefs notice is in response to the serious drain on resources and manpower created by the growing number of false alarms investigated by his officers. One company with a solution to the high cost of'cry wolf false alarms is Sonitrol Security Systems. A leading edge company in security equipment technology, Sonitrol has pioneered the use of audio listening devices and remote video surveillance to fully verify if the police are required. Sonitrol's system of audio and video surveillance is welcome news for businesses and homeowners alike. Police report that 95 percent of all alarms reported turn out to be nuisance alarms tripped by animals, bad weather, faulty installations or bungling employees or homeowners. In Metropolitan Toronto there were 75,985 alarm calls in 1994. Of those, only 3,166 were
"We have a preventive approach to security," says Wilson, "We help prevent crime from occurring or have police catch thieves as the crime is in progress, the police are given verifiable information as opposed to looking at a video monitor after the deed is done." Every alarm activation is monitored by Sonitrol's trained operators who call police only when there is real cause for concern. This means fewer false alarms, less inconvenience and significant tax dollar savings. It also results in a higher rate of apprehension. Since 1977, Sonitrol's systems have already helped apprehend 130,000 law breakers across North America, the highest documented arrest rate in the security industry. So confident of its systems, Sonitrol guarantees In writing that if it fails to detect and report any forcible entry to the police, the company will pay up to $5000 (U.S.) of your reported loss. A London, England-based company, Sonitrol boasts over 100,000 clients worldwide. Sonitrol's Canadian clients include Toshiba, Nissan, Ciba-Geigy, Westinghouse, and the Brewer's Retail for both Molson and Labatt breweries.
so many of our recommendations it 24 Hour Safe Study Area Created arose" Like from negative perceptions and fear of Burning the midnight oil is a fact of life for most students. So a safe study area has been created at Simon Fraser University to cut down on fear when they're cracking the books around the clock. A state-of-the-art surveillance system has been set up in the main mall cafeteria on the Burnaby campus, which has been designated for24-hourstudy. Lighting has been improved, security patrols stepped up, signage is being printed and the convenience store, Simon C's, will be relocated to the area. "Everyone is aware that students often continue studying long after the library and other facilities close," notes James Atamanchuk, of facilities management, who is in charge of the project. "This isn 't Fort Knox , but it's a major improvement over empty, dimly lit lounges, corridors and other areas where some people are uncomfortableduring late-night study sessions." Nine high-tech cameras are now constantly
surveying every nook and cranny of the cafeteria. In the nerve centre of campus security, the separate images can be monitored on a single screen and are being recorded. "Although we hope we never have to use it, a great deal ofthought has gone into something effective and expandible," says Brian Radcliffe ofthe instructional media centre, who designed the system. " High gain cameras each target an area and automatically zoom in on activity. The high resolution signals are multiplexed and sent through fibre optic cable, allowing us to monitor, and if necessary, later identify the source of any problems." Extensive campus studies have shown that SFU is a low-crime, high-fear area, which is of concern to the entire university community. Creation of a safe study area was one of the ideas proposed in a May 1995 report by the ongoing committee to review personal safety and security.
crime, not because the existing study areas are necessarily unsafe," recalls Prof. Judith Osborne, associate vice-president, a criminologist who chaired the committee. " It dovetailed with the concern that reduced library hours meant that secure study space was also being reduced," she adds, "and we got additional renovation funding from the B.C. government to convert the existing cafeteria into a monitored safe study area." A new stairwell leading to the southwest corner of the concourse in the academic quadrangle, an area of congestion since the university opened, is being constructed. The convenience store, which had to be relocated, was a natural for the safe study area. When it, and existing cafeteria facilities, are closed, well-lit vending machines are a few steps away. "People are very supportive ofthe idea and we hope to increase traffic and improve accessibility and service, as well as reduce fear," concludes the director of dining services.
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This is a free service to law enforcement agencies and related personnel support groups. Other persons or organizations may place their notices in this section at a price of $40.00 per insertion up to 25 words. (paid subscribers pay $30.00) Prepayment by Visa, MasterCard or Cheque only please. Send to:12A-4981 Hwy. 7 East, Markham, ON. L3R 1N1 Fax (800) 563-1792
les 24 - 26 mai 1996 Deu~ieme Tou rnoi de tirde ombat t-Dominique - Quebec Le F nd humanitaire de la Fraternite de policiers de Biucherville tnc., vous inviteason deu\.ieme tourn ide tir de combat. L. e but, e td'ama erde fonds pu r de enfant handicapes et attein t de ma ladie serieu e . Pour information, contacter Pierre De cote (5 t4) 655-4820. Ma 26, 1996 6th dition of the Police Officer Duathlon te-Juli - Quebec The urete de Quebec will be ho ting the Duath lon which consists of a 5 km run, 34 km bike ride and a , e ond 5 km run. om pete alone r in a team . 0 t i 35 per person or 70 per team . For more detail ntact Robert Lafreniere at (5 14) 445- t 6 6. Ma 26 - 30, 1996 Police ducator onference L thbrid ge - Iberta 11 0 ted by the Lethbridge ommunity ollege and Lethbridge ity Police, thethemeofthi year' s confereneewill be "Technology in Law En~ rcemen t Training". There i an early bird fee of $335 per deleg te if payment i made prior to March 1996. For more information feel freet contact Lori Lar on at (40 ) 320-3230, or by fax at (40 ) 20- 1461. Ma 29 - 30, 1996 riticallncident tre ManageIII nt Pro incial onference London - Ontario The ondon Regional ritical Incident tres ManagementTeam is ho ting the conference which wi ll be of intere t to emergency ervice, mental health and indu try pers nnel. For more information call olleen Wright (5 19) 685300, ext. 2829 , or he lagh Banto k (5 19) 663-3009. Ma 29 - 31 , 1996 Prairie Pro ince hief of Police ociation onference Winnipeg - Manitoba The Winnipeg ity policeare host-
ing the co nfe rence which wi ll be he ld at the Westin Hotel. For further detai ls contact Tom Legge at (204) 986-6326, or fax (204) 9572450. June I - 4, 1996 rime topper Training Conference iagara Fall - Ontario T hi conference is open to all law enforcement officials and a ll Crime topper Board Members. The conference is bei ng he ld at the heraton Fall view Hotel. In addition to the conference a one-day trade show will take place on unday J une 2 nd . For more info rmation contact Cst. Mark arge onor t.1 oanVanBredaat (905) 688-4 1 I I, ext. 435 1. June 6 - 10, 1996 The Pas Peace Officers Derby International learwater Lake - Manitoba The Pas detachment of the RCMP would like to invite all peace officers to thei r 11 th annual fi h derby. The entry fee i 60 per per on and includes camp facilities. For more information contact Cst. Craig Mas ey at (204) 623 -649 1, or fax at (204) 623-5346. June9-14,1996 Texas World Police Games Houston - Texas The game , which covers30 events, are to be hosted by the Hou ton Police Officers Association. To get on the Texa Police Athletic Federation mailing list call (5 12) 2523675. June 10 - 14, 1996 14th Annual Advanced Homicide Investigators eminar Toronto - Ontario The seminar will be he ld at the To ronto kydome Hotel. For further info rmation contact the Metro. To ronto Police Homicide Squad at (4 16) 808-7400, or fax (4 16) 8087402. June 10 - 14, 1996 Reid Technique oflnterviewing and Interrogation aint John - ew Brunswick The aint John Police Force wi ll
behostingapre entation ofa eminaron the Reid TechniqueofInterviewingand Interrogation between June 10 - 12 and the Advanced Course on the Reid Technique of Interviewing and Interrogation, between June 13 -1 4. Toregi tercall gt. Kevin MacDonald at (506) 648-3256. June 16 - 20, 1996 Ontario Association of Chief of Police Trade Show Toronto - Ontario how is free to police per onnel. For more information regarding this year's show, which is hosted by the Metro. Toronto Police, contact Janice Pennington, at (4 t 6) 808-4872, or fax (4 t 6) 808-4802. June 17 - 21 , 1996 Advanced Fraud & Fire Inve tigation Techniques Banff - Alberta The Canadian Coalition Against Insurance Fraud and the International Association of Arson Inve tigators, Inc., are presenting programs surrounding fraud, fire scene investigation and financial inve tigation among others. For more info rm ation contact Glenn Gibson at (905) 529-9600 or Cory DeG raff at (403) 233 -6006, ext. 6848. June 20 - 23,1996 Canadian Law Enforcement Game Ottawa - Ontario T he games will cover over 20 differentevents including: basketball, cycling, swimming and tennis. pouses are welcome and kids can compete in junior summer game. For more details contact Perry teckly at(705) 383 -0038, or Mike Mathieu at (6 13) 226-28 15. June 30 - July 3, 1996 Quebec Ch iefs of Police Association Conference Quebec City - Quebec This year' s trade show is to be hosted by the Quebec City Police and held at the Loews Concorde Hotel. Contact Jean Francoi Roy for more information on the conference at (4 18) 697-7 10 I, or fax (4 18) 69 1-4747. July 1-5, 1996 Nova ' 96 Orillia - Ontario The Canadian Iden ti fication ociety wi ll ho ld its 19th annual ova semi nar. This year' s program will focus on computer based technology including laser mapping, 3-D photogrametry and colour image enhancement. For further details contact Pat Downey at (705) 7485522, ext. 207 1, or fax (705) 7484956.
Jul II - 14, 1996 la ic ar how Brampton - Ontario Book your force s classic police vehicle for this show, which will have over 2500 cars on display. Past hows have been attended by a large number of forces from acro orth America. For mo re information contact C t. Tom Robb, Peel Regional Police, (905) 453-3 II , ext. 2 160, or Russ Mattehews, Show Co-ordinator, at (905) 846-0826. Jul y 15 - 19, 1996 rime nal ys is Application Trainin g Course Ottawa - Ontario The Ottawa-Carleton Police ervice will sponsor the cour e which will outline all aspects of crime analysis. The cour e will be held at the Canadian Police College and presented by the author of "Crime Analysis: From First Report to Final Arrest". For mo re information contact gt. Graydon Patter on (6 13) 236-1 222, ext, 2285 , for fax (6 13) 829-8484. Augu t 19 - 25, 1996 AT lR AGM ' 96 Cour e and onference Halifa x - Nova Scotia The Canadian Assoc iation of Technical Accident Investigato rs & Reconstructionists wi ll host a 3 day IPTM course on pede trian/ cycle collision recon truction and a 2 day conference wi th a ariety of presentations relating to traffic collision inve tigations and reconstructions. For more information contact Ken Zwicker (902) 688- 1928, or fax (902) 688- 1640. Augu t 25 - 28, 1996 anadian Association of C hief of Police Conference Ottawa - Ontario The Ottawa-Carleton Regional Police ervice will be sponsor of the 9 1st annual Canadian A ociation of hiefs of Police Conference. For further details contact Jacque orbeil at (613) 237-2227. eptem ber I - 5, 1996 International Police Training onference Birmingham - England This seminar is the 34th ann ual Training Conference for the International Association of Women Police. It wi ll focus on many top ics including Policing the han nel Tunnel, U eofGraphoanalysisand afety at porting Even ts. Mo re information can be obtained by contacting the West Mid lands Police by phone or fax at +44 (0) 12 1 2360431.
8LO£ L ' N£ ----------------------~~28r------------------------------~agaz;na ------------------------------------~~r--------------------------------------- ~ay, 1996
September 26, 1996 Law Enforcement and Records (Ma nagers) Network (LEA R N) Oran gevi lle, Ontario The Orangeville Police Service is pleased to host the LEARN seminar. This isan opportunityformaking and renewing valuable contacts within their peer group. Topics discu sed wi II deal with changes in legislation and in the work environment. For further details call Myrna Roberts at (519) 941-2522, or fax (519) 941-1279.
Catholic Church, 17955 Leslie St., ewmarket. Police Choirs from Ottawa Carleton, Metropolitan Toronto, Waterloo Region, York Region and Halton Region will perform. The concert starts at 7:30 pm and tickets are $1 0 each. For more information contact Supt. Lowell McClenny at (905) 830-0303, ext. 7910.
eptember 26 - 29,1996 B.C. Crime Prevention Association y mposi um Vancouver - Britis h Columbia The BCCPA encourages you to attend the annual symposium, which will be held at the Sheraton Landmark Hotel. Work shops and gue ts speakers will again be a part of this event. For more information contact Brian Foote by phone at (604) 594-1552.
October 22 - 24, 1996 Metro. Toronto Police 11 th Annual Forensic Identification Seminar Toronto - Ontario This year' s seminar will be held at the Metropolitan Toronto Police Association Building. All interested parties are asked to contact either Evelyn Faubert ate 416) 8087671 or Detective Stan Piotrowski at (416) 808-7680 during business hours or in writing for more information . Space for this venue is limited and will be booked on a first come first serve basis.
October 19, 1996 4th Annual in Harmony With the Co mmunity Musical Concert Newmarket - Ontario The York Regional Police Male Chorus are presenting an evening of music at the St. Elizabeth Seton
Oct. 30 - Nov. I, 1996 lst Annual Ca nadian CPTEO Co nference Ca lga ry - Alberta The International conference for CPTED Practitioners will bring together Canada' s top CPTED
practitioners and facilitators together in a series of workshops and interactive sessions designed to enhance CPTED practitioners and professionals that work in areas of planning, engineering, landscaping, security/law enforcement. Space is limited so register quickly. Call (800) 5622272, or fax (403) 264-0881.
les 24 - 26, mai Le FOllds Imnwnitaire de la
Fraternlte Des PoUelers De BonehervUle
IDe. Jun e 10 - 14, 1996 Tactical Shotgun Instructor's Co urse Collingwood - Ontario This course is being offered by Sigarms Aademy . The instructor is Bank Miller, Director ofTraining. The cost is $450 CDN funds. For more information contact Ken Walker (705) 444-2495 .
Vous invite a son Deuxieme Tournoi de tir de Combat. Programme de la journee: -Kiosque d'essais d'armes -Tir aux pigeons d'argile -Match t 500
The Edmonton Police Service Pipe Band is considering publishingacommemorative book on pipe bands. If you want your band to be included contact Lonnie Croal at (403) 489-6531.
Pour information contacter Pierre Descotes (514) 644-4820
This is a monthly column supplied by the Roya l Canadian Mounted Police Missing Children's Registry in cooperation with Blue Line Magazine. A ll material supplied is copyright/ree and may be distributed to local media.
Readers who feel they know the whereabouts of this child are asked to call
(613) 993-1525 or Fax (613) 993-5430 National Center for Missing and Exploited Children
1-800-843-5678 Sex:
Name of Child:
MALE
lAMES KEEGAN FRAWLEY
Date of Birth:
ABDUCTED BY FATHER
Height
Weight: 1/ KG.
CURLY ULUNI.IJ<.
Date Last Seen
SEP. ,qqS THE CHILD SUFFERS FROM A FORM OF CANCER (HASTOCYTOMA) AND HAS A SURGICAL SCAR GOING ACROSS THE HAIR LINE FROM EAR TO EAR.
Details
WHITE
6/cM
Other Known Details
Race:
FEB. 2/, 1994
Hair
Eyes BWE
Missing From:
ALBUQUERQUE NEW MEXICO
Known Abductor: DOIIGLAS FRAWLEY (45-1/-30) THE FATHER HAS DYED BLOND HAIR WHICH IS NORMALLY GRAY . HE HAS AN ATHL£TICBU/LD AND BRITISH ACC[NT. HE IS AN AVID SOCCER AND HORSE RAONG FAN . HE ALSO PLAYS POOL OU/TE A BIT. ATTEN TION SHOULD BE DRAWN TO THESE TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS. LIkE THE CHILD HE REOU/RES REGULAR MEDICATION FOR A HEART CONDITION . BECAUSE HE IS A BRITISH SUBJECT ENTRY INTO CANADA WOULD BE RELATIVELY EASY .
r:;;;;
OUIE LINE
~ay, 1996 ______________________________________~~~-------------------------------------- ~agaz;ne
I sure am impressed with the re ults we received from the article you put in the March (I 96) issue ab ut the anadian As ociation of Police rtist '. I have been overwhelmed with requests. rorming the a ociation appear to have been a fanta tic idea. We arc preparing to have a booth at the ntario s,o iati n of hiefs of Poli ce Trade Show in June and we will be looking for more members. ur trength will come from numbers Onceagainthank foryour upport. All the best David lIart Don Mills. Ontario Pholle416421- 01
I mllst congratulate you on an exce llent maguine. !ler being expo ed to it through ~\or". I subs ribed to it personally. I find it very informative and interesting. Rarely do I not read all of the arti les in the magazine. U ually ~\ithin a few day of receiving it I already look forward to the next i ue. f han" you for producingan excellent magafine relating t anadian law enforcement issues . Jacque's Boucher
Grand Bank, Newfoundland
NEXT MONTH Ontario Chiefs of Police Trade Show
As you requested in your March issue here are a few fac ts on another Department missed by the pistol survey published in January 1996. a t t.Paul Police Department, Manitoba, began the use of semiauto pi tols in May of 1994 prior to the Government regulating the .38spl revolver as the standard police weapon. This, of course, has since changed (slow steps toward the future). Our first pistols were 9mm single action, 9 shot pringfield Armament models. These were replaced within a year by our new Beretta pi tols. Two model 920 and five model P 929DCE T, all with night sights and fifteen shot 9mm clips. Our ammunition is a 147 grain. JIIP . Your magazine is an important part of our Department' s reading material and we all appreciate yo ur job. Well done! David Grant Chief of Police East St.Paul Police
Your letters and comments are important to us so keep them coming.
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