BL - June - July 1996 by annexbusinessmedia

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June - July 1996 - EDITOR I PUBLISHER Morley S. Lymburner Phone (905) 640·3048 Fax (905) 640·7547 InterNet Address: 102547.3140@COMPUSERVE.COM

- Contributing Editors Manfred Benton Craig Best Gino Arcaro Robert Holston Neil V. Thompson Tom Rataj

Ballistics & Firearms Survival Tactics Case Law Supervisory Principles Peer Counselling Computers & Technology

- ADVERTISING Mary Lymburner (Canada) Phone (905) 640·3048 FAX (905) 640·7547

Richard Hubbard Anita Bradley

(United States)

Toll Free (800) 268-5503 Fax (905) 513-1377

- CONTRIBUTING WRITERS Gary Miller Gil Puder Dave Brown

Tom Rataj Blair McQuillan Morley Lymburner

- ILLUSTRATION Tony MacKinnon

Dave Bluestein

General Manager Mary K. Lymburner, M.Ed. Blue Line Magazine is published monthly, September to June, by Blue Line Magazine Incorporated with a mailing address of: 12A -4981 Hwy. 7 East, Ste.254, Markham,Ontario, L3R 1N1. Subscriptionsare$25.00 per year. ($50.00 for U.S. & Foreign) Editorial and copy is considered to be completely separate from advertising sales. No commitment for editorial coverage can form any part of a sale agreement. All articles are protected by cOPYright. No partofthis publlCatioo may be reproduced or~ansmltted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photOCOPYing and recording or by any Information storage or rebieval system WIthout permiSSIOn from the publisher. The authors, advisors and publisher accept no liability whatsoever for any Injuries to persons or property resulbng from the application or adoption of any of the procedures, taChes or considerations presented in this magazine. Readers are cautioned and advised that articles presented herein are edited and supplied for your personal awareness and should not be used for further action until appropriate advice and guidance is received from a supervisor or Crown Attomey. Blue Line Magazine is an independent publication designed to entertain,educate and upgrade the skills of those involved in the law enforcernentprofession.lthasnodirectconrolfromalawenforcement agency and its opinions and articles do not necessarily reflect the opinions of any government, police, or lawenforcement agency. Blue Line Magazine is printed in Canada

- AfflliatiollsInternational Association of Law Enforcement Planners Canadian Advertising Rates & Data The Canadian Press Newswire Periodical Publishers Exchange International Police Association

.,. ..

• CARD

.. . . ..~ " , \ ~ I ..- ... . . ... .

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(CP)

ISSN #08478538 Canada Post Canadian Publications Mail Product Sales Agreement No. 176796

4 Publisher's Co mmentary How is your brick wall holding lip OACP Exhibition & Trade how 6 Booth display floor plan and directory Blue Line Magazine Survey 9 Employee Assistance Programs across Canada N.Y.P. D. families get video tape 13 14 New test for self analysis Street Proofin g Video Progra m 16 Mending Fences - Gary Miller 18 Racial identifies - How important are they? Product News 22 Blue Line News Week 24 Industry Platform 26 The alarm industry (part 2) A DT Police Diver - Scott Fuller 28 A new mini-series about Police Divers in Canada. A Sign of the Times 29 Good Neig hbours Pool Reso urces 30 The communities of Lunenburg and Mahone Bay discover there is cost savings in pooling police resources. Technology - Tom Rafaj 32 Beware the "Techno-Viruses " aftrst hand look at the world of computer viruses. 34 Undercover Officer Safety An in-depfh article about how to safely utilize undercover personnel. Street Ski lls - Gil Puder 39 Specific trainingfor duty performance. Project for hea lin g 40 Blue Line Classified 42 Letters to the Ed itor 44 Patch Profile - Metro Toronto Police 46

List of Advertisers ADT Security 19 Amencan Inst. Applied Science 17 Meal Graphics 11 43 Ask·A·Cop Services AUanbc Police Supply 13 Barrday Inc 5 Beretta U.S.A 8 Blue Line Book She~ 21 BMW Canada ltd 23 Canadian L.E. Learning Centre 15 Dalhousie University 20 D& RElectronics 13 Digital Descriptor Systems 30 Dunlop Farrow Architects 42 Engineering Dynamics 23 FATS 44 11 Flex·O·Lite Hartt Boot & Shoe Co 17 Horace Small Apparel 45 L.E.O. Products 40 MDChariton 27 Microset Systems Inc 20 Mind Works 47

Niagara University Nine One One Oute<Wear Northstar Canada OACP Trade Show Pads Fitness Police Artisfs Assoc. Police Charter PRC Pro Carry Systems RNicholls Distributors Remington Arms Co. Rocky Shoes & Boots Rodgard SBS Technology SigArms Simunition Smith & Wesson Sonitrol Southwest University Tetragon Tasse 21st Century Armour TRC US Cavalry

33 39 27 38

33 29

35 48

25 41 4 2 17 42

16 31 29 19

A member of the Metropolitan Toronto Police Emergency Task Force takes up observation of an armed man barricaded in a house. This much admired elite unit takes pride in its low rate of lire arms usage. It is certainly not due to the lack of something to do. Responding to over 1,000 armed incidents in Canada's largest city keeps each member alert at all times. Their policy of containment, patience and talk has served the police service and the community well over the years. We thought this photograph-taken by Jim Kosmic-was an appropriate cover as the Metropolitan Toronto Police Service plays host to the Ontario Association of Chiefs of Police Conference this year. With this conference comes the annual Trade Show associated with it. This year's Trade show will be the largest show ever presented by the OACP and admission is free of charge to all persons involved in law enforcement, public or private, for the entire three days oftheshow. You will linda floor plan ofthe trade show in this issue and alistofcompanies to make your visit a little easier. This month we also present a survey of the various Employee Assistance Programs from across the country. Blair McQuillan and the Editor spent considerable time weeding through the wide array of services available to the men and women who diligently watch over us every day. The report is quite enlightening and we are sure some of you will see some changes come about as a result of our queries . This month we also present an interesting piece on the newly formed Lunenburg - Mahone Bay Police Department. Their experience may be an example of how the rest of the country is moving in these times of fisca l restraint. Read and heed indeed! An in-depth article is included this month on undercover officer safety. This piece was written by Thomas Burton, an instructor from the Quantico FBI Academy. If your agency has had little experience in this area you may find this very interesting and informative.

! - - - - - - - - - - - - - BLVE LINE

June - July, 1996_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _---\

37 10

BLUE LINE

~--------------------- Magazina

How is your "brick wall" holding up? by Morley Ly mburner Integrity is like a brick wall that has been bui It with great care over a long period of time. If everything is done properly then the occasional storm may chip at it but it will never crumble. The word "integrity" is sometimes over u ed in the police field. So much so that its u age appears to lose its full meaning. To many it is one of those ' buzz words' that police college teach. The integrity of the police force and the integrity of the individual is very important. It mean hone ty by definition and reputation by common usage. It therefore takes in a wide field of meanin g indeed. Integrity appears to be a lofty ideal to many of u . The problem with lofty ideals is that when an individual or group feels they have fallen short of it definition they may tend to lose all hope. The downward spiral is relentless. In reality your integrity can only be broken from within. Ifit exists with an organization or individual then only that organization or individual can destroy it. Ilowever very few of us are built with the required care. Police officers who see the realitie oflife are all too familiar with all aspects of human frailties. But where we all fail is when

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we recognize a fault within ourselves and fail to heed the advice we give so many others. Every one of us requires support. It is only human nature. If we are too proud to ask for help directly we sometimes start sending messages to our friends in code. These "S.O.S." signals are sometimes recognized but we at times feel that the individual appears to be strong- he or she will probably make out okay. Just leave them alone for a while. When it comes to our attention that a friend was not as strong as we thought we begin to feel a little guilty that we did nothing. Others of us just may chalk the person offas a ' bad guy' and try to forget him. Police officers can not afford to ignore a person in need. You are your brother's keeper. You have to try a little harder. If you see a colleague having problems it takes only a little effort. To start with simply let them talk. Don't bother tryin g to give advice or solutions. Just hear them out. The measure of a true friend is so meone who keeps a confidence, is always quick to li sten and slow to speak. One of the greatest strides forward in policing today is the recognition of the need for Employee Assistance Programs across the country . In almost every case the individuals selected to perform this function are selected for

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their integrity and ability to listen. Confidentiality is the foundation oftheir own integrity and the cornerstone of their operation. Over the last couple of months Blue Line tested out the variety of programs available from the major police forces across the country. You can read about the re sults further on in this issue. In some instances we found a level of distrust toward peer counsellors. In particular the RCMP appear to have the most member distrust when it comes to this. My recommendation would be for officers to seek out over the phone advice by calling a di stant detachment or contacting another agency for advice. Almost all EAP program s we contacted said, officially or unofficially, they wou ld not turn away a member of another police force calling for advice. In most cases they don 't even ask what agency the officer is with. If yo u are referred for professional help you should know that in a ll cases individual s referred for medical or psychological help are protected by doctor/patient confidentiality requirements. Canada is an enormous country. There are many police officers in isolated and unfamiliar communities. This factor alone can be stressful and can only compound problems on a professional level. I found th e best stress reliever for me was to take my wife's advice and si mply go back to church. I hadn ' t been there in a lot of years (a long time before I became a cop in fact). I was most amazed to find so many good people living in a city where I had only seen the bad. I was attracted by the people and stayed on to see why. I found out! On page 12 and 13 in thi s issue yo u will find a list of agencies and individuals who are willing to help. If you need help call them. T he bosses will never find out. .. unless yo u let them see yo ur crumbling walls. And they WILL crumble - if YOU don ' t do something.

Police work is often thankless. No one knew it better than this nineteen th -century Fredericton copper. "Police Officer Moxon retired from the police force on Friday," read a newspaper report published November 5, 1873. "He has shown himself a faithful and zealous officer. A motion before City Council to thank him publicly for his tireless years of service was defeated."

Canada and averseas Tel. : (514) 581-5 999 Fax: (514) 581 -0231 USA Tel. : 1- 800 -4 65 -8255

~~!z~~N_£________________________________~~r_____________________________ JUne - JUlY, 1996

Perhaps it's time to slay the dragon (er... Dinosaur) by Morley Lymburner When I was a much younger member of a rather significant police force (sort of a mere hatchling you might say) I recall standing at attention on shift parade and had a supervi orgrizzled, sti fflipped, ramrod straight and sharp eyed- looking me up and down. He would then walk over to a lectern and begin to clue us in on the details of the day while we stood at ease in a straight line looking the very disciplined group that we were not. After this very military-type drill, where we were told everything about our day including when to eat and where to go, we went out on the street and became "free agents of the Crown." Expected to use our leadership qualities and initiative and live by our wits one-on-one with the public. As we returned to the police station we went back to our " Fools Parade" of being directed and shoved by the station sergeant and acted, once again, like the well di ciplined soldiers we were not. I remember clearly asking one of my colleagues aboutthis double life we were expected to live. His description of the " boss" was one which I am sure has been echoed down the halls of every police station in the country. " Don't worry about it. He's a dinosaur and his breed will be extinct in a few years." That was a simple enough analogy I guess but over the years I began to understand more about where that old guy 's head was at. Although I fortunately never became a supervisor I did have the privilege of working a great deal with them. I even got to work with a couple of

"dinosaurs" myself and learned to have a great deal of respect for the job they were called upon to do and the pressures they felt from both above and below. Whether you like them or hate them supervisors are a necessary and very important part of the police force. Due to the foregoing story I was quite surprised when a cartoon character called " Inspector Saurus" came across my desk. Initially I thought the character was simply another of those photocopied pieces of art one sees from time to time drawn up by some artfully talented but disgruntled police officer. You know the kind. Usually on the washroom walls and taking on the personage of that supervisor everyone loves to hate. I read the accompanying piece and to my horror it was serious. The Ontario Provincial

lice have anctioned the use of a dinosaur wearing the respected uniform of a police inspector so that Crime Prevention Canada can sell the darling creatures to school children right across Canada. The whole concept left me speechless. I had to read the article several times just to try to comprehend the rationale behind it. It still does not make sense and itneverwili. I contacted the Kingston District HeadquartersoftheOPP (the birth place of this gem) and spoke to one of the instigators of this preposterous concept. He advised me that the cute little critter was the brainchild ofa retired member who is now rather famous for his artwork "around the world." He emphasized that this artist now commands high prices for his works and that they were, indeed, privileged that he would "donate" his efforts and inspiration to Crime Prevention Association of Canada. The wheels are in motion and the critter is now being stamped out on T-shirts and the like. All in the name of crime prevention. I really am sorry boys and girls, but this is nothing short of a hoax and a disgrace in my mind. It is not only an insult to the rank of inspector but to every hard working cop on the street. Kids don 't know inspectors from apple carts. They will only know that the cop on the street comer is "only a dinosaur" and his breed will be extinct in a couple of years. Ifthere are any more ideas like this one out there it may well be true. DO WE REALLY EED MORE CUDDLY COPS?

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\s?1-- - - - - - - - - - - -BLVE LINE

June - July, 1996_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _----\VI-_ ____________________ M agazine

All subscribers and readers of Blue Line Magazine are invited to attend Canada's largest Law Enforcement Trade Show Free Admission with Identif ication

Toronto Sheraton Centre Queen Street West between Bay and York Streets ( Opposite Toronto City Hall )

125 ExhibifBoofhs Displaying everyfhing fhaf is on fhe leading edge of law enforcemenf fechnology, producfs and services

Wash ooms

~ .-- .-700 601

802 703

702 603

804 705

704 605

604

807

806 707

706 607

606

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808 709

708 609

608

811

810 711

710 611

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712 613

612

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714 615

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816 717

716 617

803 805

800 701

801

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100

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111

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114

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214

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217

316

116

: ESI:alabllS :1

311

118

119

218

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318

319

120

121

220

221

320

321

122

123

222

223

322

323 422

224

225

324

325 424

226

227

326

327 426

Floor Plan of Exhibitors to the OACP Trade Show

420

14351433 1431 1 429 142714251

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Use this handy directory to plan ahead. Check the list on the opposite page to optimize your visit.

~orr rt"chfiltfftrorr rrA'"frorff...tfrorfil rprhof!le 4l' raor&-.I4f8ccre fFrcJ1C 4l' raor&--',faO'!

1 423 1 4211

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Et~IiH.ftiwn &: TIi Exhibitor Alphabetical Sooth List Accident Support Services Aero Mode Uniforms

Exhibitor Numerical Sooth List

217 219

Intergraph Canada Ltd.

709 711

208

Jet Form Corporation

300

ADT Canada

611 613

John C. Preston

~ S"IrCl'fW

Techno-Police R. Nicholls Distributors

715 717

100

Microset Systems Inc.

316

101 103

Cdn. Law Enforcement Training

318

105 107

Mobile Vision

319

Ontario Police College

322

Dyplex Communications Ltd.

324

Argo Instruments Inc.

608

Konica Business Machines Ltd.

108

109 111

Barrday Inc.

801

L.E.O. Products

311 313

113 115

215

Lasermax Inc.

808

Remington Arms

102

Sony of Canada

326

120

Carswell Publishing

104

Whelan Canada

601 603

Konica Business Machines

108

605 607

Strath Craft Ltd.

112

700 702

Best Universal Locks Ltd Blauer Clothing

214

Lees Motivation Canada

Blue Knights (Ont.)

London Police Service

Blue Line Magazine

612

MD Charlton Co. Ltd.

703

Bock Optronics Inc.

119

Mendall Consulting Services Ltd.

201

Bolle Canada Inc. Canada Law Book CDN Alarm & Security Assn CDN Body Armour CDN D.C. Systems Inc. CDN Law Enforcement Leaming CDN Police College

206 707 806 705 205 318 224

Michael's of Oregon Co.

308

Microset Systems Inc.

316

Microwave Data Systems

223

Midland Walwyn Capital Inc.

203

Ministry Solicitor General (Ont.)

304

Mobile Vision Motorola

319 121 123

MTP & OACP '96

CDN Police Research Centre CDN Spirit Inc.

712

Municipal Law Enforcement Assn.

302

Cantec Representatives

708

National Child Safety Council

804

Carruthers Shaw Architects Carswell Publishing

204 104

Nine-One-One Outerwear

701

OACP

Caswell Companies Intemational

213

Ontario Law Enforcement Torch Run-

City of Orillia

118

Ontario Police College

Comnetix Computer Systems Inc

116

322

Outdoor Outfits

Complete Waste Management Svc. 218

Police Artists Assn. of Canada

Crime Stoppers

Pro-Tech Gear Inc.

R. Nicholls Distributors Inc.

710 810 101 103

D&R Electronics Co. Ltd.

617

Dalhousie University

306

105 107

DDSI Compu-Capture

609

109 111

Dictaphone Canada

225

113 115

Dunlop Farrow Inc. Architects

610

Remington Arms Co., Inc.

102

Duracel Canada Inc.

226

Rogers Cantellnc.

714

Eurocopter Canada Ltd.

114

Comnetix Computer Systems Inc.

116

City of Orillia

604

118

Intel of Canada, Ltd.

606

Bock Optronics

119

Argo Instruments Inc.

608

Lees Motivation Canada

120

DDSI Compu-Capture

609

Dunlop Farrow Inc. Architects

610

Motorola Canada

121 123

Fred Deeley Imports

122

Aero Mode Uniforms

611 613

Frisco Bay Industries Ltd.

200

Blue Line Magazine

612

Mendall Consulting Services Ltd.

201

I. Spiewak

615

General Auto Parts

202

D&R Electronics Co. Ltd.

617

Midland Walwyn Capital Inc.

203

Nine-One-One Outerwear

701

Carruthers Shaw Architects

204

MD Charlton Co. Ltd.

703

CDN D.C. Systems Inc.

205

Canadian Body Armour

705

Bolle Canada Inc.

206

Canada Law Book Inc.

707

207 209

Cantec Representatives

708

The Current Corporation ADT Canada Inc.

208

Outdoor Outfits

W.l. Gore & Associates

210

Intergraph Canada Ltd.

710 709 711

Second Chance Body Armour

212

Canadian Spirit Inc.

Caswell Companies Intemational

213

Thomas Electronic Security Ltd

713

Blauer Clothing

214

Rogers Cantellnc.

714

Best Universal Locks Ltd.

215

John C. Preston

Accident Support Services

217 219

707

715 717

Gordon Contract Sales

716 800

Complete Waste Management

218

Flex-O-Lite

Sonitrol

220

Barrday Inc.

801

Yuma Environmental Services

222

Interalia Inc.

802

Dyplex Communications Ltd.

324

Second Chance Body Armour, Inc. 212

Enterpollnc.

604

Sonitrol

220

Eurocopter Canada Ltd.

114

Sony of Canada,

326

Evin Industries Ltd.

227

Strath Craft Ltd.

112

Flex-O-Lite

800

Techno-Police

Fred Deely Imports Ltd.

122

Tetragon-Tasse Distributors Inc.

Frisco Bay Industries Ltd.

200

The Current Corporation

General Auto Parts

202

Thomas Electronic Security Ltd.

713

Ministry of Solicitor General (Ont)

304

Glock Incorporated

314

W.l. Gore and Associates Inc.

210

Dalhousie University

306

Gordon Contract Sales

716

Whelan Canada

601 603

Michael's of Oregon Co.

308

Hartt Boot & Shoe Company

312

605 607

L.E.O. Products

I. Spiewak

615

700 702

Hartt Boot & Shoe Company

312

Intel of Canada Ltd.

606

704 706

Glock Inc.

314

Interalia Inc.

802

Tetragon-Tasse Distributors

315

Yuma Environmental

704 706 Enterpol lnc.

Microwave Data Systems

223

National Child Safety Council

804

Canadian Police College

224

Canadian Alarm & Security Assn.

806

Dictaphone Canada

225

Lasermax Inc.

808

Duracell Canada Inc.

226

Pro-tech Gear Inc.

810

100

Evin Industries Ltd.

227

315

Jet Form Corporation

300

Municipal Law Enforcement Assn

302

207 209

222

311 313

Exhibit Hours Monday, June 17 11:00 AM· 4:30 PM Tuesday, June 18 9:00 AM • 4:30 PM Wednesday, June 19 9:00 AM • 4:30 PM

\:;t BLUE LINE -IDI-___________________

June - July, 1996·_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

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Policing is widely recognized as one of the most stressful occupations of the modern age. A multitude of studies have reported that police officers and some related support staffsufferfrom higher rates of a variety of stress related disorders including suicide, hypertension, and premature death from natural causes. In an attempt to counteract this problem many law enforcement agencies have developed a variety ofmethods ofassistancefor their personnel. The more progressive agencies have accepted thefact that they are responsible to ensure that proper help is at least available. Some take this task very serious, others pay lip service and others do nothing at all. To try and sort out the diferences Blue Line Magazine decided to go on a quest for enlightenment. We were both delighted and dismayed at the challenge. Blue Line Magazine's Blair McQuillan files this report.

A stressful situation By Blair McQuillan "I am the spouse of an officer in your department. I know my spouse would never call you because she is worried it may affect her chancesfor promotion. She needs some kind of help and she knows it. I am calling because we simply can't afford to pay for the help. "What can I do to get some confidential assistance. She has recognized that she needs help, but we don't want her boss to know about this. What should we do?" Good question! Blue Line Magazine wanted to know as well. The above scenario was the tool used to gain greater insight into the frame work and in particular the services offered by Employee Assistance and Peer Counselling Programs within various police agencies across the country.

In an attempt to learn more about these programs and their accessibility a survey was developed by Blue Line Magazine.

Survey paramet ers The goal of the survey was to provide officers and their families with an overview of the structure of EAPs in order to reinforce confidence in the initiative, as well as to give administrators the opportunity to learn from and possibly to adapt some of the positive aspects of other programs into their own. While the latter objective was invariably carried out within the context of this article, the main objective, unfortunately, was not fully achieved. However, before the strengths and weaknesses of certain programs are mentioned a general understanding of the duties EAPs per-

form is needed. EAPs exist in order to provide confidential counselling and support to employees and their families. In addition to, or in the absence of, formal counselling, some agencies have trained peer support counsellors who are available to provide support and refer cl ients to professional counsellors. Most EAPs are responsible for providing assessment in areas ranging from alcohol and substance abuse to work-related and critical incident stress. It is also important to remember that these areas are not the only ones which EAPs deal with. These are open door programs which listen to the needs of all those who seek assistance. Employee Assistance Programs generally vary slightly from one province to the next, as well as from one department to another. During the course of the survey it was discovered that some departments, including Ontario's Ottawa-Carleton, Peel Region and York Region Police have contracts with various psychological firms which administer support service and counselling to members ofthe force. Of the remaining services four are run by the department itself. These services in Toronto, Calgary, Regina and the RMCP either have EAP employees on staff within the station, or at a separate building. These departments are responsible for hiring members of the program and maintaining the program through its own administration and, in some cases and various ways, are funded jointly by Police Department and Union!Association. In orderto learn how well an EAP functions within its own force, Blue Line staff contacted each department listed in the survey and asked the person who answered the call if they would be so kind as to provide the name and number of an employee counselling service or peer representative in their area. In most instances, this request was followed by a long pause. When the person on the other end ofthe line finally regained the power of speech they usually simply stated: "Good question, hold on." After this response it was found that the person at the desk had no idea as to what an Employee Assistance Program was, never mind whom to call if a request for assistance was made. Surprisingly some of the departments which fell into this category were some of Canada's largest and most respected police forces.

The Survey During the course of our across Canada Survey on Employee Assistance Programs a list of ideals were established before a single call was made: Ideally, an Employee Assistance Program would bea trusted and well-established entity within police agencies across the country.

June-Ju~, 1996____________________________~~r--------------------------------B-L~!g!!~~

Ideally, an EAP would be so accessible to officer. civilian employee and their families that they would be able to get in contact with a coun 'ellor or a peer upport volunteer at any time during the cour e of any given day, Ideally. everyone within any given department would be familiar with their EAP that, when a ked. not only would they be able to provide a caller with the name of a contact per on within the program, but they would have their phone number readily at hand. We do not, however, live in an ideal world. That i n t to say that there i no E P in the country which i not eITective. Mo t police agencie in anada have taken a genuine interest in thi initiative and have de igned program whi h offer a full range of upport ervi e . But. a the urvey revealed, no EAP i perfect. When the telephone survey was conducted Blue Line had two main concerns. One, that there was an establi hed EAP running within the department and two. that anyone who picked up th phone would be able to provide the name and number of an available EAP member. The following i ' a breakd ,\n of our more intere ting onta t . algary has one of the be t E P in the country. The program i integrated \\ithin the department and provides an array of service to all personnel through a team of p ychologi t • addi tions coun ellor , peer upport volunteer and a hap lain. II counsellors are available by ph ne or pager 24 hour a day. Upon calling the department we found the \\oman at the desk. was able to promptly provide the name and number of a contact per on within the program.

With its status amongst personnel and the number of services provided, the Calgary EAP i definitely one of the more impressive programs we interviewed in the country. Metro Toronto Police, like Calgary has an integrated program which consists of a number of ~ counsellor and peer support volunteers who are available 24 hours a day through phone and pager. Thestaffis keen, knowledgable and extremely discreet. One of the shortcomings, however, is the program' s celebrity within the department. When inquiries were made as to the contact for the program at two Toronto police division, the sergeants at the desk were unable to provide anything. either had the name or number of the EAP contact available, nor did they know where it could be found. We were finally relayed to the central di patcher to get the number of the EAP coordinator. Due to the difficulty in getting information we decided to go on a hunting expedition to see where a member of that force could receive pas ive information (i.e. no personal interface) about the program. It wa noted that a small business card size advertisement is placed on page three in their Police As ociation monthly magazine. An inpection of the Chiefs monthly magazine revealed no similar adverti ement wa available to inform members in need of where help and advice could be found . Upon checking their " Internal Telephone Directory" we checked under " E" for "Employee A istance Program" and the Ii ting imply aid " ee Mi cellaneous". Much to our hock ... there wa no "Mi cellaneous" section in the directory. When the PublicAITairs branch was contacted the receptionist answering the phone supplied us with the number quite promptly.

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As good as the Metro Toronto Police AP program i with regard to talent and re ources we could onl) give it a one tar rating for member awarene . Perhaps a couple of musicaljingle broadcast over their brand new communication y tern would be in order along with a catchy phone number like 807-7837 ). (Dial T-O- TR

Ottawa-Carleton, Peel Region and York Regional Police have been grouped together because they ha e EAPs which are similar and unique in a very positive way. All of these forces have chosen to run their EAPs on a contract basi and gi ve the work over to psychological firms. The e firm have support per onnel available 24 hours aday through an 800 number which i made available to all employees. The firm s and the departments have ensured the availability of the number by publishing it on a ariety of item uch as ,,,,allet cards. fridge magnets and brochure . This variety en ures that the ame message is continuall) fre h and not over looked after a while. Though ome officers seem to be skeptical of the fact that the e firm deal with employee in virtually every imaginable field. it should be clearly stated that they are trained profe ional who are experienced in meeting the specific need of emergency services per onne!. While these three departments have taken great stride in order to provide their member with around the clock phone support, it would be nice if members had the option to simply "drop by" in a more informal basis at a given location to obtain help from firm represen tatives in per on. All agencie al 0 have a form of peer counselling program in place. Vancouver comes with two EAP programs. One is provided by the city under the Vancouver Civic Employee A sistance Program. Thi program covers 8,500 municipal government workers from maintenance worker to emergency service per onnel and is available free of charge. Although the program is run by the city and is independent from the police station it is still well-known within the service. With one simple call to Vancouver police we were put in touch with a coun ellor from the city in short order. Further inve tigation revealed the second program i a ity Police Management and nion contract for Psychological ervice as a health benefit. This ervice is restricted to the practice of " registered P ychologi ts" onl) whereby police families will get the service for

~~!z~~N_£________________________________~~~____________________________ JUne - JUIY, 1996

a maximum of $2400 per household. Although a nice benefit one concern appear to be client confidentiality. One incident that was brought to our attention was an officer who sought out the assistance of a psychologist through this plan. The client was diagnosed suffering from an acute stress disorder and his file was passed along to the Iluman Resource section of the Vancouver Police. If this incident is true then the confidentiality factor and the program's entire credibility has been brought into doubt. Most people in need will not take the risk of showing up if the boss is going to know all about it. It would be nice if everyone could get it together for the common good of the client. The coordinator of the Halifax EAP take a progre sive, "weall wear the same unifonn" approach to thi initiative. Offering assistance to all personnel across the country, Halifax has made the extra effort to ensure that those in need receive the assistance they require. With a trained counsellor and referral agents on hand at all times, the Halifax EAP has been able to provide support for not only its officers, but also to members from other emergency services right across the province. With this force's recent amalgamation with the Dartmouth and Bedford Police Departments the coordinator of the program is hoping to spread the word regarding the service to new members who may not be familiar with it. This

however should not prove to be a difficult task as the program appears to be well reputed within the previous Iialifax policing community and it has been enhanced by the two other departmental acquisition . The Regina EAP is unique in that it is one of the few programs which offer assistance to officers by referring them to professional counsellors within the community. The names and numbers of these coun ellors are made available to all personnel through a brochure which is mailed out on an annual basis. However, Regina does not only offer this service to its own members. If personnel from other departments happen to call for assistance, the list of counsellors will be provided to the caller fortheir own use. This type of generosity indicates that Regina has one of the few programs which has looked past the needs of its own service and taken on a more caring attitude toward people in need. Though the program is not an in-house establishment it is one which is well-known within the department. Through the course of the survey numerous calls were made to Regina, during which the caller would ask for the name and number of the EAP coordinator. On every occasion the first person to pick up the phone provided the information within seconds. It is quite clear that if you are a person in need in southern Saskatchewan help is there.

The members ofthe Winnipegpoliceare fortunate in the fact that they are covered by the city of Winnipeg's EAP, in addition to their own internal EAP. The service's EAP is comprised of a psychologist, chaplain and fitness instructor, who all work under the Behavioural Health Services unit. This program even goes so far as to hold lectures in order to ensure that the members of the force and their families are aware of the assi tance available. In addition to providing service for their own members, the Behavioural Health Services unit would be willing to supply officers from other agencies with the names and numbers of counsellors who are receptive to the needs of the policing community. At the time of writing there were no rumours attached to this system even though it works from within the police department itself. The people in charge assured us that confidentiality i very high on their priority list. With apolice force which employees 8.2% of the country's officers one would think that the need for an established EAP has been addressed. That is not the case with the Ontario Provincial Police.

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( ... continued) . Ithough it ma} be har h to publicize it, thl ~ rce lacks an} noteworthy support base. I hough me claim there i an active volunteer peer support program \~ithin the force, none could be ~ und through our efforts. pon calling one detachment the on table \~ho ans\~ered said he did not "now the name orthe peer support coun ellor, but would search for it if the caller was really in need of it. When a call to a econd detachment was m, dc, thew man \\ho ans\\ered hone tly stated she had no idea as to \\ho their peer upport ounsell rs were and ugge ted a call be made to the Oi trict Ileadquarter'. fter completing the calling circle and pic"ing up scraps or inrormation rrom those \Vho constantly put u' on hold and transferred our calls, it became Icar that the y tem a it stands, is rather di. mal. Word around the rumour mill ha it that the sy tem will be in for an overhaul within the next year and a new initiative will be formed. For the sake ofthe member ofthe PP it i hoped that the rumours are true. In the mean time officer in need could call the Regina, Winnipeg or Halifax or Metro roronto P Ii e ervice in an emergency. LiketheOPP,theR MP eem to be unable to put a ound EAP together. ( alled MAP) Officially the R MP ha~ onc MAP co rdinator within a major city in each province, supported by roughly 50 v lunteer peer ' upport counsellors acro the pro, ince who are available to aid officer in need. I hese individuals can be reached by simp I) loo"ing their number up in internal bulletins and other inter-office communicati ns. In real it) ,the system imply does not work. Most agencie "now that they can contact a M P coordinator in a time of need, but they have absolutel} no idea \\ho their peer support counsellor. are. (See chari opposite.) I his fa t was backed-up by numerous phone calls made to deta hment across the country. pon conta ting one detachment, the onstahie said that while they most certainly had a list of support ouns llor., he was unsure as to \\here it ma} be. She thought perhap it wa "in a manual or S mething" but \~here the elu ive manual wa', or \\hich one it ma) be was un"no\\n. 1 he R MP mu t take mea ure to en ure that the name of these repre entative are established within each detachment. Perhap the R MP could learn from other agencies and produce a printed Ii t of peer counsellors for the entire countr} which cou ld be mailed out to each member of the force annually. nother thought vvould be to have the number included in an 10 iLe card to accompany the poc"et badge or a ti ker to place on the back of it. I he e t}pe of initiative would be effective in "eeping all members up-to-date and informed a to who the} can contact for assistance.

Durham Regional Police has acombination of Peer Counsellors and profe sional referrals. The y tem appears to work well with regard to confidentiality and our spot check revealed that members knew whom to go to and where to cal l. Members in need presently call a number that puts them through to a local hospital and they forward the request to a trained psychologi tor other professional. This ystem is currently under review and other formats are being considered. A program working along ide the profesionals is the volunteer Peer Counsellor. The ervice has a volunteer coordinator who can match up a person calling for assistance by upplying the phone numbers of several volunteer living nearby the caller. Designed after the Metro Toronto Po lice model, trai ned vo lunteers are selected from a cro section of ranks and positions to ensure confidentiality and an empathetic, if not sympathetic, ear. An interesting idebar to our querie to this agency revealed that this agency i not too proud to look to another police agency for help. Thi is a healthy attitude and after one particularly horrifying incident this attitude paid off. Acoupleofyear backthreemember from a mall town detachment just north of Os haw a were hot and seriou Iy wounded by bank robbers who also shot and wounded two other citizens while eluding police. Al though some closure was attained with the speedy arrest of the suspects, the on-going after effects of the incident saw a wide array of post-incident trauma on not only the officers but also upport staff and colleagues. The incident was al 0 felt within the community itself and many citizens affected by the incident required as i tance a well. To assist in their hour of need the Metro Toronto Police and other agencies sent in coun ellors and profesionals to help deal with the trauma. This incident underscores the need for mployee Assi tance Program in even the smalle t of communitie .

the information can be interpreted from an objective tandpoint, it appears as though most, but certain I} not all, EAPs are simply in need of some fine tuning. It hould be noted that to be effective an Emplo}ee Assistance Program must have the confidence of the people to whom it was deigned to as i t. This can be only accomplished if the member has confidence in the program' confidentiality and its abilities. (and in that order) Any -AP that falls short of this standard may as well fold up their tent and take in the shingle. With thi in mind there eems to be no reason \~h} member from mo t force hould nottakead,antageoftheirEAP. After all. these initiative were put in place to ensure comfort and uppon can be offered to those who need it and at the time they need it mo t. A for tho e officer who need assi tance but work for force \\ hich have lax or nonexistent EAP , ee" help from an independentsource. Justbecau e}our force doe n'tofferassistance doesn't mean that you will be unable to find it elsewhere. If you need some confidential advice simpl} call another detachment or police agenc). omeagencies will lend ome help and ad ice over the phone \\ithout an} inquiries about where the member works. Perhap sometime in the not too distant future all police agencies in thi countr} wi ll take the initiative to ensure that an effective EAP is in place \\ithin their service. Unti l such time however, and even after, everyone must be strong enough to offer, lend and receive upport from each other. You are your brother' (and iter' ) keeper.

Conclusion

Metropolitan Toronto - Ontari o Terr} unn (416) 365-0738

Upon the initial completion of the survey it eemed as though EAP in this country were, for the most part, in a tate of turmoil. It wa very discouraging to learn that mo t member had little or no knowledge of their agency's program. It wa also very disheartening to learn that there are till police services in this country which have made little effort to implement a sound AP program, much less recognize that stress is a factor which directly relates to an officer' s performance in the field and an agency's ability to fulfil their mandate. Ilowever, now that the du t ha ettled and

Employee Assistance Program Contacts Calgary - Alberta D/Chief Len E ler (403) 268-5902 Dr. Worsher (403) 268-8380 Vancouve r - British olumbia Terry Brennan (604) 665-2150 In p. Gar} Bateman (604) 665-2 132 Barbara Gardiner (604) 257-5818

Ontario Prov in cia l Police Gwen trachan (705) 329-6691 Ottawa-Carleton Police - Ontario Gillian Mercer (613) 829-221 1 Assistance Line 1-800-268-52 11 (English) 1-800-363-3872 (French) Durham Regional Police - Ontario Chuck Mercier (905) 649-2203 Ex. 5400 Halifa x - ova cotia Cst. K. Paul MacKenzie (902) 455-3830 Cst. Paul Martin (902) 490-5414 Fred ericto n - ew Brunswick Gaynelle loney (506) 462-9203

~~~~Z~~N£ --------------------------~~/------------------------~----------~r ______________________________ June-Jul~ 1996

Regina Police- Saskatchewan Joanne Ilutchison (306) 777-6637

H Division - Nova Scotia Sgt. Don Sullivan (902) 426-7201

SPC M (Montreal) - Quebec Dr. Norman Martin - (514) 280-3214

HQ Division - Ottawa S/Sgt. Ron Darlow (613) 993-1032 J Division - New Brunswick S.Sgt. Rick Ratelle (506) 452-3005

York Regional Police - Ontario Assistance Line 1-800-387-4765

K Division - Alberta Sgt. Dwayne Heinsen (403) 428-2501

Peel Regional Police - Ontario Assistance Line 1-800-268-5211 (English) 1-800-363-3872 (French)

L Division - Prince Edward Island Cpl. Joe Martin (902) 566-7160

Roya l Canadian Mounted Police Member Assistance Program Coordinators A Division - Ottawa C t. Jean Chevrier (613) 993-8290

M Division - Yukon Sgt. Frank Ryttersgaard (403) 667-5581

o Division - Ontario Sgt. Bob Sherren (519) 640-7457

B Division - Newfoundland Cpl. M ike Ouellette (709)722-3189

Training Academy - Regina Cpl. Mike O'Connor (306) 780-6916

C Division - Quebec Colette Ladouceur (514) 939-8416 D Division - Manitoba Sgt. Ma;'( Churley (204) 983-8734 E Division - British Columbia Cpl. Gary Sexsmith (604) 264-2762 F Division - Saskatchewan Cpo Gary McLennan (306) 787-5467 G Division - Northwest Territories Sgt. Leon McAllister (403) 920-8353

Police families get video-tape about officer stress The ew York City Police Department recently announced it is sending out 50,000 suicide prevention video-tapes to the homes of each officer and employee. "If you're on the edge then have the sense and courage to admit it," Commissioner William Bratton was quoted in anews report from Associated Press on April 9th. fhe 12-minute tape was produced in reaction to 14 ofticer suicides recorded on the police department in 1994. The statistic dropped to seven in 1995 but the first quarter of this year has seen three more and top officials were alanned. A 1994 study revealed that NYPD officers kill themselves at more than double the rate of the general population. The press release said the video, which lists counselling and hot-line services, is aimed primarily at family members. Studies have shown that \\hile officers may mask their feelings on the job. family members can sometimes see changes in beha\ iour and seek help for the officer. Experts cite the job's daily contact with violence and misery as precipitating the depression and subsequent suicides. New York City currently has over 30.000 sworn police officers.

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by M orley Ly mbllmer northwe tern ntario police officer has br ught into anada a very unique program that include a elf test which as i t in the early dele tion of inner conflict and elf improvement. Keewatin, ntario, resident John Pott , a member of the ntario Provincial Police, has obtained the di ·tribution and marketing rights to the M. II oping Behaviour Profile from I iou. ton psychologi t Michael . Ilaro. Dr. l iar developed the M II Coping Behaviour Profile in 1994. The idea for this as e ment wa patterned after the Lu cher hort olor fe t. I laving used the Lu cher te t for several year in his private practi e, Dr. Ilaro identified a need for a more behaviourally pecific results report. ornbined with his working knowledge of the I u her hort olour Te t and a survey of the literature, Dr.llaro focu ed on fourmeasurable behavi ur,: elf-E teem, oping Behaviour Related to hange, Learned or Instinctive Re ponse ,and oping Behaviour Pattern . rmed ., ith thi knowledge he de igned the

MSH Color Assessment tress and Personality Inventory. The MSH Coping Behaviour Profile conists of nine colours: Blue, Green, Red, Yellow, Violet, Brown, Black, White and Gray. These colours have been documented in behavioural tests and represent basic behavioural tendencies which are the basi of the MSII Color Assessment test. The test can be completed in less than two minutes. The nine colour are presented to the participant on a "Personal Report Answer heel." Each colour is numbered one through nine. The participant is asked to select the colour that i most appealing from the nine colours presented. The participant is instructed to make this selection without associating the nine colours to anything in particular,ju t how these colours appeal to them. Once a colour is selected, the number representing that colour is placed in the " A" box on the answer sheet. Looking at the remaining eight colour, the participant is asked to select the next appealing colour. The number corresponding to this colour is placed in the "B" box. This process is

continued until all nine colours have been selected. Given this te t heet the Coping Behaviour Profile Re ult are produced on a four to five page report. The analysis descriptions arc stated as general or global perceptions with each individual having the opportunity to determine pecific situation or events the information triggers or reminds him/ herofas related to: coping behaviour under normal conditions (sci festeem; coping behaviouras challenges or problems develop (change behaviour); in tinctive response (learned) coping behaviours ( ubconscious or survival responses); and coping behaviours under increasing stress conditions (moderate high, and intense). In addition to the elf test there i also a "Practitioner's Report" which can be produced for an interviewer, counsellor, or individual directing the participant who completed the assessment. The "Practitioner's Report" measures three levels of behavioural and psychological ri k factors that might contribute to the etiology, character, persistence, and/or treatment of behavioural factors experienced by the participant. The three levels assessed are: Hi gh R i k Facto r : These are highly significant indicators and are generall} observable, manifest behaviours of the participant. They may be dramatically impacting his/ her behaviour. Moderate Risk Factors: These arc significant indicator that the participant may be hiding or protecting. The interviewer mayor may not ee the e behaviours being overtly demonstrated. Moderate risk factors may have to be pursued on the part of the interviewer. Their identification on thi report makes this an easier process for the interviewer. Low R i k Factor : These arc indicator that mayor may not have significance attached to them. The inter iewer can bring them up or ignore them . The e indicators arc available for awarene exploration with the participant. rhey may generate additional information even if they have limited application. Individuals who strike a healthy balance between work, family, and play and seck p ychological intervention before problems get out of hand - are better able to counter negative effect of tres . People can better strike thi balance when they are able to understand emotional i ues and psychological triggers. The M H oping Behaviours Profile is said to be one tool that can provide the mechani m for thi s awareness. In July 1995 John Potts founded a company called "MindWorks" to help markelthe M II Color Asse sment tress and Personality Inventory test. John has, over the past ten years, attained instructor levels in Forensic and Therapeutic Ilypnosi as well as Behavioural Analysisand Interviewing Techniques. Although John has not been u ed with the Ontario Provincial Police he till offer his assistance when asked. John di covered that being in the behavioural sciences field, and seeing first hand the effects of tre s and trauma on police personnel, there was a need for ome type of mea urement as to ones own elf awareness. If not to overcome the affects of the stressful tasks ofa police

officer, then at least to be utilized to enhance the career the officer has grown to love. John also discovered there is an intense need for effective employee assistance program . It was al 0 apparent that these programs require ome form ofa highly credible measuring guide. When he investigated the full pectrum of what was available he focused his attentions on Dr. Harrow' s Color Assessment. Investigation revealed that the MSH Report not only offered the immediate inexpen ive awareness of the affects of stress or mental illness but also offers the employee and/or the employer a better understanding of the problem . This understanding can then be dealt with by the employee and also can be used as a starting point for the professionals that may be required . As a side bonus John discovered the MSH test even offers the employer a program to identify productivity, career expectation and career deve lopment. The results of the profile reports can then become a road map to recovery and mu ltiple profiling can effectively measure progress of one or more employees.

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The M II offers four program reports and for the employee or employer it offers a wide array of applications. The MSH Crisis Intervention and Con!1ict Management Program forms a solid base for the employers to offer practical assistance through a better under tanding of the real problem . Early intervention is the key as opposed to damage control. The M II can be used on an individual basis with complete confidentiality providing self awareness or in conjunction with other professional people. The Risk Management Program offers a detailed report in a variety of headings. This report not only offers the employee a map of their strengths and weaknesses but also the categories are rated under high, moderate or low risk. This offers the employee a goal setting effect for selfbetterment. This can be performed individually or as a team awareness report. The Team Awareness Report is similar to the Risk Management Report but does not offer the risk profile. This program could be u ed by the employer for hiring, team building and career development. There have been multiple validity studie performed with the MSH and astudy performed by the Houston Police Department rated a return of 85 to 95 percent accurate. The test is simple to complete and the information has been documented to be very accurate in all categories. The MSI I just could be the future of inhouse counselling and the future of self awareness for the policing profession. With all the financial and program cuts it appears that now is the best time to get the maximum results with the least amount of expense. If you are open minded and looking for something innovative to get results call John at MindWorks and book a workshop on the MSH. You can also contact him for your own personal test which he will analyse for you for a nominal fee.

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Street Proofing Program Promotes Community Policing by Bob Hillchcliffe - Regilla Police

hildren every\vhere are potential victims of i lence and e\.ploitation regardle s of how afe and aring their community may be. i en anada' free and open ociety, it i imp ible for the police to neutralize all potential perpetrat rs of evil even with the a si tance of the courts, correctional sy tem and every resp nsible adult. We mu t therefore, as ume the responsibilit} of providing our children with the life kill th y require to reduce their risk of victimization. The mo t important thing we can do for ur children is to prepare them to meet the danger ' and onfr ntations of ociety. Fvery crime con i ts of three main components. 'I he e are de ire, opportunit) and the vi tim. De ire is the motivation which produce criminal activity. Opportunity i the et f circumstances which facilitates the criminal event. The victim i the target or reward. 0 crime can ccur \\ ithout the presence of all three components. I he goal f street proofing i to Ie en or remove the opportunit) for criminal behaviour or misadventure b) hardening the target. To achie e home ecurity we employ deadbolt lock, alarm .) tem ' and eighbourhood Watch. In treet proofing we instill a level of caution in ur children so the) realize they are n t invincible and we create afe havens for them in the communit) through Block Parent . Ihi s ta k cannot be left up to the police al ne. It i just as critical to take a holistic approach to hild afet) as it is to elder abuse, homc securit), and health care. There \vas a time \vhen \.,e placed the entire re ponsibility for our health on the houlders of medical pm titi ner . We onl) consulted them when we were sick. We expected them to threat the

symptoms of our illnesses and return us to a state of wellness. Likewise, we expected our police to instantly react to incident of crime and utilize massive re ource to ree tabli h normalcy in our lives. Ju t as we mu t hare the re pon ibilityforourownwellnessbypracticing healthy lifestyles, we have to take owner hip of the duty to protect our children. As parents we are at a di advantage. Mo t adult are not street proofed and experience difficulty communicating with our children about these issues. It is al 0 a complex ta k to forge the necessary partnership between the police and the public. ommunity policing enables us to work together and understand our respective roles. The challenge herein is to find a vehicle to accomplish this goal. One uch vehicle is the Never Be A Victim Program. This four part interactive video serie , produced by Robert Gordon in cooperation with the Metropolitan Toronto Police, is di tributed by el on Publishing. It deals with treet proofing in a tactful but clear manner. Issues addressed in ever Be A J'ictim include: safety, bullying, haras ment, abduction, dangerous places, peer pressure, sexual abuse, violence, selfrespect, communication and re ponibility. This educational format provides us with the means to accomplish our goal. Never Be A Victim promotes a partner hip between educator, police and the community. It permits the street proofing message to be delivered by educators in the classroom or parent in a home setting on a continuing basis. This free resource officers to concentrate their effort on other areas of equal importance and empowers ordinary citizens to actively practice crime prevention. We learn there is no difference between an

abductor, a pimp, a drug dealer or a street gang recruiter. Each takes away our children and maintain control over them. Each forces them to do repul ive acts against their will and can result in their death, grievou injury or emotional trauma. A treet proofed child knows how and \vhy to re i t the approach of all these criminals. We learn the importance offamily communication. We should ask our children what was the best thing that happened to them today and what wa the worst. This communication intill in our children confidence that they can tell us about anything and we will till love them unconditionally. We learn to walk through our neighbourhoods as a famil} team, identifying the dangerous places in which to avoid playing and the safe haven to approach when in distress. Our children learn the importance of actually being where they told us they would be so we know \vhere to start looking for them ifthe} are in trouble. Never Be A Victim mobilizes the community to partnership with the police. It revitalize organizations uch as Block Parents because it encourages member involvement and furnishcs a blueprint for positive community action . Ifyour police service is looking for a method to actively practice communit) policing. you should con ider employing the 'ever Be A J'ictim Program. In addition to the well ness issue, the co l saving afforded b} preventingju t one tragedy would more than offset the expense ofproviding universal access to this life saving information. Remember, there is nothing more important we can teach our children than ho\., to stay afe. For further information, contact elson Canad~ I 120 Birchmount Rd., carborough, OnL, M I K 5C4, tel. (800) 268-2222, fax. (416) 752-8101.

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BLU£ L'N_£____________________________~D ~I--------------------------June-JUW,1996 M agazin a

"Building community partnerships" police theme at Grey Cup '95

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"The Wandering Persons Registry Builds Community Partnerships" was the theme ofa float entered in the 1995 Grey Cup Parade by a partnership of the Regina Police Service, the RCMP, Alzheimer Canada, Regina Block Parents, and Cindercrete Products. Volunteers from each organization and the Citizen ' s Police Academy Alumni spent many hours designing, building and presenting this float. The message "when a loved one wanders, help is at hand" was effectively communicated to the television audience and 70,000 spectators at one of the most successful Grey Cup Parades in CFL history. This float was a prime example of community policing working toward the betterment of our lives through the Wandering Persons Registry.

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M agazin e

Racial identities · How important are they? I'or)ears, the leaders in Ontario and Mctropolitan 1 oronto have shied away from an honcst discussion of\~ho commits crime in Metro. [his is not new, ['oronto police u ed to routinely and m)steriousl) den) the presence of Malia crime in [oronto; (it was every\\here else, \\h) \\ouldn'titbethere?) 0\\ Metro cit) managers, \"ith the ervile compliance of our police, den) flat I) therei an) panicularminorit) crime pr blem Doe denial help it go away? I'mphasi7ing racial differences is not nev, in ' an ad, . While we look \vith di dain at the meri ,n "melting pot" which actually expect a commitment from its newcomers, our" nity I hrough Di"ersit)" dogma with its 0 )moron incongruities demand. that anadians ubvert their customs to incoming cultures. uccessful nations stnve for common goals and values. hould anadian. derive pride from the fact that an) thing distinctlvel) anadian has been stealthil) dismantled and that instead \"c havc thc lirst (and onl» "Ministr:y of Multiculturalism" in the \"orld? We still spend billion . drawing out each others' diffcrences, then are am a/cd that anada i . on the verge of breaking up Racial identities are constant I) being elicited oy Canada' government from its citizen and then puoli hed to mea~ure, determine and inlluence ever:y po sible societal and social d) namic. s I \Hite this, ane\" tatistics anada census is being circulated \\hich demands that anadians once again divide and ubdivide them . elves along skin colour, race, national and ethni it) lines. Refu. al to answer these fundamentally racial questions will bring line orjail. Il owever, on the municipal politi s side of the Metro roronto Police, it i still forbidden to address crime by race. Is race an irrelevant factor in the area particularly of violent crime again t the per on? If the number. of offenders were proportionately about the same aero the board, the ansvver \yould be emphatically ye . But the number are not e\en close to being equal. In fact, what can be . een, in spite of those \\ ho blame a "racist" s stem, i. ahugedisparity in crime between one race and all the re t. Officially it i Metro' be t kept secret. unofticial l) its worst kept secret. Comparing ra ial benchmarks has become a nationa l pastime, even the norm of anadian society. Then \Vh) is rcvealing crime tati ·tic by race judged as irrelevant, even raci t? Two ource revealing offenders b) race, publi hed but not widely kno\\n, \Vere a\ailable to the \Hiter. Fir t, unidentified iolent offender till at large are describcd daily in Metro Police "Major ew Reports". ccondl), the number from the very cnd of the process; jailed offenders. In both tallies, blacks predominate. ociety hou ld be

concerned to know why. A few brave soul, uch a Toronto's hristie Blatchford, have tackled the ubject head on, in a direct, fair manner, and been condemned b) activi t forces for their efforts. An open discus ion on the subject is almost impo sible in the City of Toronto \~here accuation of racism and tereotyping fly as indiscriminately as dance club bullet. A former high ranking Metro police officer, the much admired London Ontario Police hief Julian Fantino, simply provided tatistic based on crime in a given area (at a politician's request) and wa handily chastised. li e paid a price for his honest); the top police job in Toronto. In January of 1996, the Globe and Mail printed editorial comment on a 5 Million report called the "Commission on y temic Racism in the Ontario riminal Justice ystem" which had been ordered by the previous provincial government. At that time the Globe edito-

port? ole's report, at 445 pages, cost 11,236.00 per page. It doe give us those indisputable pri on figures, showing black in proportion to other group a the most likely candidate for jail. Then, with profe orial certainty, ole skewer "systemic raci mOO as the cause of the over repre entation of black in the pri on system rom the first initial police contact on through to arrest, charge, trial, conviction and incarceration, Cole rarely stray from thi singular theme. The e penal tie cleave clo ely by race to the criminal case the police are putting before the courts and the racial representation in crime that police are encountering in the front lines. Even 0, cro\\n attorneys vet all criminal cases and many are resoh,ed b) cro\~n diversion or at pretrial meetings \\here cro\\n, police, defence and judge agree on a reolution before trial. Ifthe police WERE unfairl) targeting blacks with frivolou , capriciou' and unprovable charge, a cro\"n attorney would spot the case long before it went to trial and police would be called to account. The ystem has many check and balances. I he incarceration figures are no accident and are not raci t. The) are a chillingl) accurate pictureofcrime trend on Ontario's mean streets. It is one thing to question police integrity but Cole tread on dangerous ground if he is calling into que tion the ethic and fairness of cro\\ n attorney and judges. A convicted person can only be entenced tojail by ajudgeafler con ideration of crown submissions and rejection of non-custodial alternatives. A black is five times more likely to end up in jail than a white and ten times more likely to end up injail than an Asian . Is this necessaril) proofofdiscrimination against anybody? Could it not reflect crime actuall) happening? Why have the e outcomes been di missed by some o contemptuously as exemplifying institutionalized racism? Becau e it i easier to blame others. Police know that their determination on the street V" ill be crutinized for correctness b) many people. The harter impo e many duties on the police. Their document are reviewed by senior police investigators, coun personnel, and lawyer . In the enforcement of the law, the police have no special reason to eek out or to avoid any racial group. Why on earth wou ld they bother? Few groups are crutinized more closely and continuou Iy for bias than the police. It has not been found because it i not there. Judge ole' enquir:y found nothing of much intere t. Many police officer will attest it was not for lack of trying. Yet, the incredible growth of crime within certain group has been explained away b) elf serving lawyers as "aggressive and intru ivc"

"Few groups are scrutinized more closely and continuously for bias than the police. It has not been found because it is not there." rial declared: "Canada has a eriou crime problem, and more to the point, a serious minority crime problem." To upport this, the ommi sion's own statistic were cited which are so powerful in their implications that they cannot be dismis ed or ignored. Published were numbers of criminals incarcerated by race. These were not new accused person ju t entering the criminal ju tice system but the linal tally of offenders by race who had been arrested, tried, convicted and ent to jail. Every component of the criminal justice system (police, prosecutor, judges, juries) would have had to be convinced by evidence of the accused's culpability in the commi sion of seriou indictable crimes before he wasjailed. Rate of Incarceration by Racial Group in Ontario per 100,000 popu lation of each group: Black 3686 Abori ginal 1993 Total a ve ra ge 82 7 White 706 Arab 482 Ea st Indian 456 Asian 360 TheCommission, headed by Judge David Cole, favoured the conclusion that the preponderance of black criminals in the ystem, revealed the facilitators, from the lowliest beat con table to the learned judge, were systemically racist. Not on ly is this untrue but it's deeply insulting to hard working dedicated peop le. Was public money we ll spent on this re-

BLU£ L'N_£____________________________~D ~0--------------------------June - JUW,1996 M agazine

over policing again t one race. Judge Cole's soul mate, such as defence lawyer Howard Morton and the omnipresent leftist lawyer, CIa) ton Ruby are pouting this poppycock to anyone who will listen, hoping that their high profile name will give it some legitimacy. The concept dovetail 0 well with "systemic racIloward Morton got away with publicly stating the following: "All minority groups or ethnic minority groups are discriminated against by over-policing; the number of time they're stopped on the street and asked question ; and the charge that are laid again t them." Metro police tati tics could put the lie to all thi non ense. Personnel shortages alone obviate '·over-policing". The Police Board's gag order remain in place preventing police from refuting Morton's allegations. A high ranking police officerwas present when Morton made his innammatory remarks. The officer did not respond directly at the time to dispute it. lIe described Morton's sweeping condemnation of police matter-of-factly to this writer as "Police Ba hing 10 I" but was content to leave it at that. A pity. Lawyer Ruby, never one to miss taldng a swipe at the police, wrote the following; ( tar, February 1996) "It starts at the beginning Too much policing 0/ the black community is not protective, but aggressive and intrusive .. . Largely '(hey ' don 't commit more crimes, rather our black community is over-policed, over prosecuted and over punished. " Again, people who might do so, don't dare dispute Mr. Ruby's breathless assumptions, for

fear of the ever ready finger of discrimination pointing their way. Every day, the Metro Police publish and distribute Major News Report, of criminal occurrences, euphemistically known as "the Majors". The Major list all crimes reported within the previous 24 hours which are of a serious nature such as major property offences or violent crimes against the person . Where the offender(s) are still at large and their identities are unknown to either victims or the police, if the victims have seen and can de cribe their assailants, a de cription i allowed naming the race (the Metro gag order's only exception). o official count is kept of offenders by race because that is deemed to be illegal and stereotyping. But variou people overthe years, usually in the local media, have kept informal tallies. These totals could not have been produced b) "over-policing" incethecrimeswere reported by complainants and the perpetrators are still out tanding. The shocking story is that 65 to 70 % of the unapprehended offenders are reportedly black, 15-25°" are white, and the small remainder are from all the other races combined. These are raw number that Metro produces ever) da) , da) in and day out. They are indisputable and it is all suppressed in the interests of "racial harmony." Needless to say, all reported serious offences occurring where arrests have been made make no reference whatsoever to the race of the offender(s). Why do Arabs, Ea t Indians and Asians all seem to enjoy some sort of positive discrimina-

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tively. The Criminal Code was written by people of moderation and fairness. It is rubbish to tion which work in their favour? Do the police sugge t that police arbitrarily target one group ju t like them better? o. Maybe the e group to the exclu ion of all others. ictim of iolent crime whose attacker really do place a higher than average value on learning. hard work and the traditional family are at large and who e identity is unknown to and stay out of trouble a a re ult of it. We them have no reason to mis-identify the race of hould give them credit for that. The figures are their attacker . In a free society, other anadio remarkably different between the minoritie ans ha e a right to know the truth in order to ending up in jail and the minoritie least likely practise caution. anadians, including anadian police are demonstrably among the least to end up there. Forover rep resented blacks and fir t nati n people, omething i eriou Iyout prejudiced in the world. Million from the third ofwha k. world are clamouring to come here to seek out a better life. Peace, order and the rule of law is It goe without saying (but I mu t ay it) that mo t black and aboriginals are decent, law part of that better life. abiding itizen who e lives are certainly not The police mu t, of cour e, patrol high made ea ier b the criminally errant crime areas more frequently and diligently than they would, quiet areas. member of their ov"n re pectivc group. But until the problem of crime "To dismiss these numbers as caused This i nece ary because reduced within their ommunitie are faced, by racism is a simplistic fiction numbers of police make it impo ible nd fundamental solution ought, it to do otherwise. Law abiding citizens which serves everyone badly." will ne er be re 01 ed. They must from all racial groups are entitled to equal protection. move pa t blaming other. But. governments have been oflittle help. It a po itive male role figure. All of this will Police do not pick on blacks by fabricating i m re fashionable to beat the bushe for influence the outcomes of any group. But when or pumping up extraneou charge. The numillain \~ithin the dominant community. It is blacks are asked to cite the ource of their ber do not lie. buttheconclusions reached as to ea ier to unle h team of high priced bureau- problems, racial discrimination continues to be their cau e may and hould be questioned. To crat with the power to impo e mandatory anti- almost their singu lar focus. Racism. we are di mi these numbers as cau ed by raci m i a raci m eminar for the facilitating group: told, explains why the majority of blacks (and simplistic fiction which erve everyone badly. p lice. rown attorney. judge and others in aboriginals) continue to dwell at the low end of Thecomparative incarceration figure from the y t m. In a cia ic case of shooting the the economic scale. If we, and they, never look Ontariojailsarenotasignalof y temicraci m; me enger, those who enforce and administer further than that, then blacks and aboriginals these rates are an objective mea urement of the the law are identified as in en itive and stub- have a grim future to contemplate. skin colour and racial identity of violent crimirime is crime. Police are trained to recog- nals. They are also a clarion call for corrective b rnly raci t. A are ult. the bogus cause of the numbers nize it and have no need to invent it. All their action by ociety and especially by the minority di parity ( y temic raci m) is the focu of wasted training directs them to deal with crime objec- groups mo t affected. effort, increased frustration, wa ted money, endless rounds of corrective training seminars for the alleged racist groups at huge cost and negligible benefit. The real problem is left untouched. It is like treating a broken leg with a pain killer. It may relieve the pain briefly, but what was broken before, remains broken, or knits together in a grote quely mi hapen fash ion, hobbling the victim for life. A solvable problem soon become chronic without effective treatment. Many community groups uffer from gratuitou domestic violence, early chool dropouts, immigration by known criminals, breakdown in the fami ly structure, alcohol and ubstance abuse, teen pregnancie , and the lack of

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it an ideal \,eapon for undercover and detective work. It \yould also make an ideal off-dut} weapon or a back-up pistol. Beretta claims that when the weapon is loaded with the newer hollow-point ammunition it has aimilar topping po\\er to a .380. lhe e:,.clusive tip-up barrel design allows the u er to easil} load a round directly into the chamber and assits in safe cleaning of the pi tol by a 110\\ ing a love round to be easily removed and checked at a glance. The I om cat has a thumb-operated safet} mounted on the frame . It comes \\ ith black plastic grips and offered in a non-glare matte black finish or traditional blued finish . For further details about this weapon contact the Beretta ales Department at 30 I 2832191.

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I hanks to the effort · of a maternity wear fashion specialist female R 'v1P oflicers now have a new maternity Uniform which more conforms to the sty Ie ~fthe regular isue worn by other memb 'rs. "1 he) don't \Vant to look an} different from the men," says Sandra Tullio-Pm", designer of the ne\\ look. "It \Vould take away from their quest for equal it} : ' I email.: oflicers complained that the former jumper st} Ie dress. \\ith its pleated front and lack llflollPS made it impractical to wear a gun belt and therefore impossible to perform their regular duties. Other orticers complained that thejumperdid noteommand the same authority as the n;gular uni/arm. Complaints received indicated that man} people would approach the ffieers and ask to peak to a regular member thinking they \Vere clerical taff. One of the /irst members to test the new uniform and look wa C t. Marie- laude resenault 0/ the Bo\\manville, Ontario Detachment ,)he reports the uniform i really om/ortable and far better than the jumper style which she \\ore in 1993 prior to the birth of her /irst child. Tullo-Pow stated that she conulted with nine f rmerl} pregnant officer to obtain their input into the rede ign .

::::: : •••• eee

••••• ••••• •••••• •••• ••••• ••••• By Mall/red Belltin Blue Line Firearms Editor

Introducing TilE II ECK PLATE With the recent changeover to sem iautomatic sidearms b) all police agencies the quality and ize (outside dimension) of the ammunition being used become more critical than it was \"ith the revolver tjpe /irearm . Thesemiautomatic weapon depend largely on the correct gas pressure for recycling the action and the outside dimension of the loaded

cartridge for flawle feeding of the round from the magaLine to the chamber of the barrel. I checked out a neat, ine:,.pensi\e gadget, called theCIILCK PLATE, distributed by R&M ports in Guelph, Ontario. It prov ide ' the shooter with a quick and efficient \\a) of checking hi cartridges for correct outside dimensions. The Clfl:..CK Pi 1TE comes with 2 !lip tray s and a bo:,. of 50 rounds is checked in seconds. You simpl} load one flip tra} \\ith the ammunition you intend to use with the base do\\n. place the CHECK PI / n over the bullets, place the second flip tray o\erthe (,IILCA. PATEand nip it. Lift off the uppertray, then the CflECK PLA TE. Any cartridges that do not rail through or hake gently through the Cli L(,A. PLATE should be a concern and need your attention. A I said before, you can quickly check 50 rounds and go on duty with peace of mind and confidence that you will not likely encounter feeding problem in your firearm due to overize cartridges. Any cartridges that do not pass easily through the CHECK PLATE can still be used for practice shooting on the range where }our life does not depend on your firearm. The Cllt-CK PLATE is a precision intrument and force hould not be used to pU 'h the cartridges through the plate. It is available in 9mm size which is capable of checking the following calibers: 9\ 19, 9:,.21 , 9x23 and the 38 uper, as \"ell as .·r caliber. .40 caliber and 10mm. For more information contact: R& M PORT P.O. Box 991 Guelph, Ontario Phone or Fax : 519-843-3473

111 6 I

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In your February upply & Services Guide your magaLine stated that you survey the private sector to see which companies are interested in making their products available to the law enforcement community. Well we are, and we do, and have been for decades. In fact, Kirkpatrick's i \\ell known to police, ecurity and similar uch outfits all across Canada .... Except Blue Line, we guess. You've been missing one of the best darn police equipment companies on the continent! We promise not to pout but we would be obliged if, in the interest offairnes ,you would give Kirkpatrick's some kind of equitable treat-

Editor's Notes We were happy 10 get your leller Brian but it wasn't/or the lacko/trying. There are several Canadian companies we have been trying to get through to but some, we /eel at least, are intimidated or influenced by some greater power not to communicate With us. So if we make several calls and send alit lellers with no response we simply /eel that they simply do not wish to talk with us or are no longer interested in serving the law enforcement field. For inslance several companies have beglln marketIng to Ihe larger consumer masses and simply do not have time or inclillation 10 conlin lie servicing cops. They Will probably not be in our 199~ Guide next February. In any event next month we will be sending alit our surveyance again. I hope to see YOllrs come back.

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Thursday April 18, 1996

Quebec police forces join to tackle bikers II Ll ., Quc. ( P) - Police department in wc tern uebcc are teaming up to fight organized crime and battle m t rcyclc gangs. hief Jean Bourdeau of the Quebec provincial p licc aid the plan wa in pired by the Montreal-based Wolverine squad formcd last fall to tackle bi\"er gang. Thc new utaouais squad will li\"ely target bi\"er , prostitution and organi7cd crimc, he aid fficer from the provincial police, f< rce from I lull, nearby Gatincau and ylmer and the R MP \\illmo\"e up the quad, which hould be operati nul by fall. Two month ago, police acro the country agreed at a secrct mecting in ttawa that bi\"er gangs hould be national priority for law-enforcement officer . n ther mecting is set for Toront thi \\ee\"end to di cuss the issue. Montreal and T ronto have felt mo t of thc heat of a violent turf war between thc Ro \" Machine and Ilell ' ngcl . InMontreal, gun andbomb have claimed tw d07en ictims. utlaw motorcycle gangs in Ontari , meantime, are preparing for a ta\"eover attempt by the Ilell ' s Angels. Toronto is aid to have the heaviest concentration of bi\"er gangs.

No benefit in publicizing young offenders, police chiefs say By Jim M rri IT W (P) - Police chier want the youthjustice y tern changed o less serious crime are dealt with differently than violent offence . The anadian As ociation of hie~ of Poli e 01 0 ees no purpo e in changing the Young Offenders Act to allow publicati n of the name of young criminals. much to the chagrin of Refornl MP Ja \" Ram ay. Ram ay eemed surpri ed by the sociation ' stand on releasing name , pre ent d Thurday before a ommons justice committe reviewing the law. "We have removed the consequence ofa tion when we protect the individuaL" aid Ram ay, a forme r R MP officer. "Many people believe that's a det-

riment to ociety. Ilow can we build a sy tem when you refu e to disclose the truth of a consequence of a person's actions?" Chief Brian Ford of the Ottawa regional police force disagreed. "It doesn't serve any significant benefit," aid Ford, al 0 chairnlan of the as ociation 's law-amendment committee. "Let's face it, the informal network of communications within a community is such that everyone in the community knows so-and- o's son down the road is involved in a serious offence in court." Publi hing the names could also cau e hard hip for a youth's parents, Ford said. Youths who rape, murder and commit violent assaults should be treated as adult , while a more holistic approach i needed for minor, first-time offenders, Ford aid. The committee plan to prepare a report for Ju tice Mini ter Allan Rock before the end of the year.

Friday April 19, 1996

Florist key to big Montreal mob drug bust by Lia Leve que M TREAL ( P) - An international drug bu t that led to the arrest of Frank otroni and 29 others took nearly three years of diligent preparation and undercover work, pol ice said Thursday. A part of the investigation, poIicc et up a phoney import-export company to win the confidence of the accused. Lt.-Oct. Kevin McGarr of Montreal police aid a key figure was Daniel erero, 37, whose high-rolling style oflife didn 't match his claim to be no more than a simple florist. Mc arr said erero filed a 1994 income tax return that declared an annual income of only $7,000 but he could often be seen at the wheel of a Mercedes, Jaguar or Rolls-Royce. erero ran a flower shop in the Ville-Emard section of Montreal but lived in the large penthouse of a Westmount apartment block on the same treet corner as the RCMP headquarters. otroni, reputed to be a major figure in Montreal organized crime, erero and others who appeared in court Thursday pleaded not guilty to a erie of drug importing and trafficking charge. Det. Jean-Pierre Boucher said the

Crown will allege that the accu ed aimed to import 1,000 to 10,000 kilograms of cocaine each month into Canada, so it could be shipped to the United States. One part of the police operation involved seizing evidence of two majordrug-importing plots, with 200 kilogram of cocaine hidden in a load of prawns from Ecuador and 500 kilograms of coke from Brazil.

Tuesday April 23, 1996

N.S. police destroy videogambling machines DARTMOUTH, .. (CP)-About $1 million worth of video-gambling machines were reduced to a mass of twisted wreckage Monday as police closed the books on raids dating to 1994. As RCMP and Halifax regional police officers watched, workers fed the 300 terminals, each worth $2,000 to $3,500, into a trash compactor in frontofthe police tation in Dartmouth. Police seized the machine from taverns, corner stores and other busine ses all over ova Scotia, including a warehouse in Halifax's Bayers Lake Industrial Park. The Bayers Lake bust and several others date to ovember 1994 but police had to wait for all the cases to work their way through the courts before destroying the machines. Video-gambling terminals mu t be sanctioned by the Atlantic Lottery orp. and are only permitted in bus ines es with a liquor licence. Profits from the illegal machines are plit 5050 between the distributor and the busines owner. An RCMP officer said the videogamblingbusiness is lucrative for some small businesses. "At one store they took in $180,000 in an II-month period," aid R MP Cpl. Angus McCormack of the criminal intelligence section.

........ Blue Line

Wednesday April 24, 1996

Man charged after reacting badly to traffic ticket BEAM VILLE, Onto(CP) - A 34year-old man was charged Monday with defamatory libel and assaulting a police officer after he re ponded to a ticket by driving around this iagara Penin ula community with a ign calling the officer who gave him the ticket "a queer, teroid-using cop." gt. Ivan Madronic, of iagara Regional pol ice, said the unnamed man was approached after another officer a\\ the sign posted on hi truc\" Madronic said the man resisted arre t, then barricaded him el f in ide a downtown drug store. lIe urrendered when other officers arrived on the cene.

Thursday April 25, 1996

Rock says early parole section will be changed OITAWA (CP) - A controversial section of the riminal Code allowing murderers to apply for early release will be changed by late spring. says Justice Minister Allan Rock. Rock aid he and federal 01 icitor General Ilerb Gray are preparing a joint package to reform Section 745. which allows people convicted offirstdegree murder to apply for parole after 15 year instead of 25 years. Roc\" said the package would also provide tougher controls over highri k offenders. "We very much want to table it before the I louse (of Commons) rises in June and that remains our plan," Rock aid in an interview. "Some time ago, when I was in Calgary, I said the status quojust isn't on and that is still the case. We are not going to leavc it the way it is."

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ADT Canada working to reduce alarms It" happens toju t about ever)one. n alarm goes ofTsome\\here \vhether it's a hou e, corner store or parl-ed car and) ou CANADA INC thinI-, "Probabl) nothing important." You get a call from a neighb ur telling yOU jour houe alarm was set olrand )OU think., "'he cat might have triggered it." It's annOying, it' , bother 'ome, but that's life. I he fact of the matter i ,rale alarms are not just a nuisance. I hey are now considered a major caus' for concern b) poli e rorces, security alarm companies and communitie ' acro ' Canada. Wh)? Because orthe shcer number of them, the time it tal-es to n:pond to them, the waste of time and resources, and the tremendous cost th 'y represent to the ta'\payer. What' even more alarming i . that the high incidence offale alarms in some areas is cau ing police t tal-e a ne\\ tactic. Many time they \von't respond unless the alarm has been verified, if the alarm oc urs during the night, or as In some communitie ,they'll hand the job over to private companies \vho mayor may not be as sl-illed in dealing \\ith a real emergency. evertheless. ever) one, including la", enforcement. agree that se urit alarm s)stems, and legitimate alarms are vCr) effective deterrents . . tudles have 'ho\\n that alarm systems lead to the capture of criminal in the act, and that alarmed homes arc less vulnerable tocriminal attempt · than other premises. Police tudie ho'" that a h me with a monitoredecurit)ystem i 33 time ' Ie likel) to be burglariled. In a survey of 1,000 police and lire chief:, 85°0 of the polic' ofllclals said security system decreased the lil-elihood that a home \vould be burglariled. Imost 90° ° lelt that a S) stem increased their chance of apprehending a burglar. and 85°0 \vere in favourofelectronic ecurit) systems for home and bUSinesses In their communities. Re earch has also sho\\ n an economic bene lit to monitored alarm usc in term of 10 e a oided and IIlsurance premium reductions for the home0\\ ncr. f he enormity of the amount orral e alarm is not generally perceived by the individual, ",hose alarm system may fail in the area or2.2 limes per)ear. II' that is the ca e, and tal-ing into account the number of alarms in a community and reali/ing that orne 95-98% or all alarm arc false. this mean that in an area \\ith 10,000 installed alarms, police are responding unnecessanl) to oyer 21, 00 fal e alarm per year! iven that theirtime i . valuable and theirdutie far-rca hing, this is a genuine con ern . Eff rt · are now being tal-en to reduce the

number offalse alarms usually cau ed by one of three reasons: technological error , in tallation errors and user errors. ser errors are generally believed to cau e the greatest number, up to 75°0 of all false alarms. That in tum may be a result of poor training on the part of the supplier. or equipment that is unreliable and far too complex for imple daily operation. In re ponse to an obvious need to reduce fal e alarms and still maintain the u efulne sol' having an alarm system, law enforcement ofllcial , community organizations and ome alarm manufacturer and suppliers, are now working together to both educate the public and to come up v\ith better way and bettertechnology to get around the potential ror error. "We have an obligation to en ure that our product and solutions provide a real benefit, ecurity and peaceofmind to our customers and that they have a positive impact on the reduction of crime," aid Jim A selstine, ADT Regional General Manager Central an ada, the world's largest electronic security olutions company. "AI 0 our products must work to the mutual atisraction of our customers, law enforcement and other emergency services. The Canadian Alarm and ecurity Association ( A A A) recommends that municipalities mount false alarm reduction public a\\arenes campaigns. The . . National Burglar and ire Alarm Association has introduced the ational Training chool for education and cenifying alarm technician . Many cites and some alarm companies are already taking aggressive step . As an example, ADT anada has undertaken everal priority program to reduce false alarms, through employee training, customer education (including a seven-day familiarization period before activation),improved technology including video surveillance with high quality standards and systematic ADT verifications by highly trained profes ionals before and aller police are notified. In just the past year, according to Jim elstine, 'These efforts have reduced the number of false alarms on anadian ADT ystem by an average of 30%. In real terms this mean ome 10,000 calls less that police have to deal with." What all parties want to avoid is the danger of "non response" at the time ofa legitimate, serious call. Ifpolice won't respond without verification, private responders, companie who have made a business out of it, will. Another option is verification or the emergency over the phone before police are called. But the problem is getting so wide pread that some areas now impo e false alarm fees or fines for excessive fal e alarms, to make users take it more seriously.

Itimately though, the consumer has to take more responsibility in dealing with a reputable security compan), in bu) ing better equipment, and insi!.ting on proper training in order to protect the value of their right to proper respon e. rhe goal, ho\vever, i to reduce the number of fal e alarms, not the number of alarms installed. larm have proven to playa critical role in the protection ora cit) ' s resident · and propert) . Irthe pre ence or alarms could succeed completel) in deterring break and enter , then every alarm would be a ral 'e alarm ....and ideally there \\ouldn ' t be man) or tho e either.

Abused Women 's Active Response Emergency

ADT has taken a strong initiative in the fight againt domestic violence. incc 199 1. ADT has implemented its A WAR£:. program (Abused \\ omen " Active Repon 'e I mcrgenc»), formerl) D LR . donating ponable alarm s)stem to victims of domestic 'violence in over 50 citie . The A WARE program \\as concei'vcd by ADT anada Inc., the it) of Winnlpcg and EVOL I::; (a local ocial ervice agency) in March 1991,in re ponse to repons on the plight of abused and battered \\omen in that city. In'i innipeg cit) pcrmits are ncccssar) for alarm systems that require police repon ·c. In orderto protectaclicnt in danger, the 1 VOL VI helter originall) used a medical alen )stcm directed through a local ho pita!. ' ince the hospital was not set up to tran fer a ignal to police. the system did nor offer immediate and appropriate intervention. To addre thcir concern the Winnipeg Police recommended that a company specialiling in ecurity systems be consulted. As a result of collaboration betwcen police authorities, helter repre entatives and AD r, the A WAR progranl wa e tablished . OBJ E T I E

It is hoped that the A WARE program \\ ill act as a trong deterrent. A well, it is a great opponunity to establish and strengthen closc. long-term \\orl-ing relationships with local policeauthoritie and so ial serviceagencie across the country in a collective erfon to prevent dome tic violence. TheA WARe program isan important com-

B1V£L'N ____________________________~D ~~.-------------------------June - Juw, 1996 M agazine _£

ponent of ADT's overall philosophy of giving back to the Canadian communitie where they do bu iness. COMM NITY SE RVICE The first of its kind in North America, A WAR is a reflection of ADT's solid commitment to the community. ADT provides the equipment, installation and training for participants (and if applicable their children), as well as the monitoring of the ystem, all at no cost to the individual or the local community. THE T HR EE PARTY NETWO RK The A. WA.R.E. program is co-ordinated at the local level by social service agencie , local police departments and ADT ecurity representative . The systems are distributed to women who are considered at high risk of conjugal violence and who meet the eligibility criteria as determined by the local social agencies and the police authorities. RE PON IBI LITIES O F EAC H PARTY • T he helter: Representatives from the women' helter(s) are responsible for coordinating the program. They meet with the individual participants, and following a review of that individual's specific situation, may recommend thata system be installed in the woman's home. ADT is then contacted with the approved review and provides instal-

lation and connection to the Advanced Telecommunications Customer Monitoring Centre. The police authorities are also contacted to formall} register the participant for a priority response should an alarm be activated. • ADT Ca nada In c.: Professional Security System Engineer from ADT handle the installation and training of the alarm system on the premises of the woman identified and referred to them by the Shelter. They test and ensure proper connection to the ADT Advanced Telecommunications Customer Monitoring Centre, train the victim and, if applicable, her children. When an A.W.A. R.E. alarm is received at the Monitoring Centre, ADT ecurit} profes ionals notify the police immediately. • T he Police Authorities: An A WARE signal is treated by police a a 'priority alarm' requiring immediate police dispatch to the scene. The police department keeps data on all women in the A WARE program for information control and response purposes. Co-operation, co-ordination and mutual respect for each panie ' speci fic experti e within the local community are the key ingredients for ensuring the ultimate ongoing ucce s of A.W A.R.E. and provides an important measure of safety , security and peace of mind to women in danger.

covered by A WARe and referred by a participating social agenc}. The ""oman must be considered at high risk where the potential threat of physical violence is imminent. The system is to be used as a last resort when all available alternatives have failed. Other eligibility criteria include: • the perpetrator must no longer be living in the home • there must be a legal restraining order in place against the perpetrator • the victim must be willing to press charges ""hen the perpetrator is apprehended • the identified individual must be totally receptive to protection measures as determined by the police authorities and/or social agencies .

ELIGIBI LITY C RITE RI A To be eligible for an ADT portable alarm system, a woman mu~t be a resident of the city

For more information please contact: Victoria Glos op (416) 218-1028 or Esther Buchsbaum (514) 288-8500.

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by Scofl Fuller The words "police diver" mean a variety of things to the law enforcement community and to those outside it. The term has considerable importanee to policescienceasatool for many purposes, thc securing of evidencc being but one. The term is not at all well understood by non-divers in or outside oflaw enforcement and it is believed that more people outside the profession understand how important a tool its practice can be than the officers who are employed \~ithin the lawenlorcementcommunity. rhe application of diving in police work is further complicated by many police divers themselves for other reason . One of which is that there is no known historical record of just how it came to be, how it has evolved to the point of its practice today and just where police diving will continue to develop. 1 he purpose, therefore, of thi s column is to provide a local point for tracing the origin of police diving from its earliest roots, through to the modern era of diving skills and technology and to provide a forum of discussion of how best to recruit, select, train, employ and supervise those police divers in those specialized and tedious duties. In addition thi column will show how best to equip and deploy a dive team and to support their work. Communication, chain of command and control of such teams will also be examined. So too will be the related aspects of emergency planning for both natural and man-made disasters and a wide variety of crime scenes. In future we wi II discuss methods of search, techniques of recording evidence and the protocols of preservation and analysis will also be covered. Related underwater police roles will also be examined including explosive ordnance disposal, VI P protection, drug searches, hazardous material management and diver protective techniques and other specialized functions like aircraft crash investigation and salvage. Input from police divers and non divers will be most welcome as wi II be critical discussion of anything prescnted .

In the Beginning... There are no known historical studies or books on this subject, however research has revealed that man has been recovering lost property and drowned souls from his earliest recorded history. Perhaps these roots mark the beginning of "Police Diving" in that lost property was recovered and human remains restored to their loved ones for respectful burial and commemoration. That activity was accomplished by free divers, breath-holding during their swim. As the practice continued primitive diving equipment began to come into use. As society evolved so did law enforcement and with it, diving in aide of the police evolved as well. As police agencies began to realize that techniques such asgrappling and dragging with grapples was both labour intensive and produced too few results, departments began to call upon commercial hard-hat and military hardhat divers to retrieve lost and stolen objects, weapons and, as today, human bodies. Again the activity was still found to be labour intensive and expensive and skilled divers too few to be readily available for police searches. After World War II, surplus military diving gear became more readily available and some military divers went on to a second career by joining police forces. Trained in diving as they were they began to perform diving on a voluntary basis when called upon. As the recreational diving community began its rapid growth in the mid 1950s, police forces started to call upon the local "skin diving" club members when military and commercial divers became too expensive and too busy doing their own underwater work. Gradually police forces acquired some of these as recruits and yet other police officers took up the sport for, initially, recreational purposes. Just as this phase of police diving evolved, police forces began to call upon their own officers, on a part time, unpaid (unrewarded

BLUE L'NE- - - - - - - - - - - - I\2sl

too) basis whenever trains, planes, automobile, motorcycles, weapons and other stolen or lost items required salvage and recovery. Human remains also occupied their time. Forces were not fully happy with this solution and continued to call upon military and commercial divers and - where handy or convenient, - sport divers and other volunteers. Courts became more particular with the continuity of evidence. Aircraft accident investigators became more particular with the analysis of evidence as well as its recovery from underwater accident scenes. Coroners applied more than cursory attention to the factors influencing or contributing to causality of death. Insurance companies too, trying to "damage control" spiralling payouts, also became more exacting in each claim . The day of the amateur police diver and volunteer diver was coming to an end. At this time various police forces had evolved into more sophisticated and structured organizations, many growing from mid-size city forces to regional forces now encompassing greater geographic jurisdictions. Newspaper accounts in several US and Canadian cities reveal that police diving was carried out by several departments and agencies during the mid 1950s with three cities reporting their own diving police officers in 1956 and 1957. In two reported cases, the divers were quoted as having been US Navy divers prior to their police careers. It is not known what pure "police diving" functions that they were trained in but the newspaper accounts reflect the use o f double hose regulators and latex-type suits. One diver is shown in the photo tied off to a rope knotted around his waist. A very long snorkel is shown tucked inside the strap of his rather round mask. Only a weight belt in the form of an ammunition belt, and a pair of diver fins are shown besides the "oxygen" tank and harness. In the newspaper account no di ver tender or supervisor is shown, however the newspaper article does state that "police divers today recovered the body ... despite a strong current" which would tend to support the use of one or more "tenders" on his lifeline! (Anyone with news clippings or photos or stories of pre-1960's era police diving are invited to contact the author via Blue Line Magazine.)

THE AUTHOR As a military diver, Scott Fuller has been involved in over 25 diving operations assisting civil police authority, trained and qualifiedanumberof police divers and has taken a Police Diver speciality course. Scott has been master of ceremonies and advisor to the International Police Diver Symposium, and, at the 1995 Symposium, was presented the James Laverty Memorial Trident Award. Scott currently is serving ESDA on its police diving standards committee. He is currently a diving consultant to Canada Coast Guard.

M agazine - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - \ V l-__________________ June - July, 1996

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Strallded motorists ill Olltario are beillg asked 10 hallg oul a sigll iftheir vehicles are brokell dowII Oil the highways. Showll al the kickoff of the program are Chiefs Bruce Richards of Illgersoll, David Boolhby of Metro Torollto, alld Kevill MeAlpille of Peterborough. "The program is direcled to cellular pholle users who call call Ihe policefor assistallce whell they see the sigll," said Chief MeAlpille at the program's laullch lasl mOl/th. Police hope that by usillg the siglls drivers will get assistallce without havillg to leave their vehicles to ask strallgers for help alld without elldallgerillg others who may stop to help Oil dallgerolls secliolls offreeways. The Highway Help program hasfour major spollsors: Allstate Illsurallce, Call1el Cellular, Olltario Trucking Associatioll and the Calladian Automobile Associatioll. The bright red signs are avai/ablefor lIf1der $4.00 from the spollsors or at Zehrs Food Markets.

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"Good neighbours" pool their policing resources

LUNENBURG MAHONE BAY

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I h' ova Scotia to\~ns 01 Luncnburg and Mahone Bay decIded to pool thcir policing resourccs at thc bcginnlng of pril. The amalgamation \\as compl 'ted in a profe . ional and painlcss transition that ultimatel) sa\~ both communities recciving ad\antages. I he wllalgamallon Issue is being tackled by man) agencIes across Canada ova cotia isone prO\ incc \~hich recogni/ed the need to cut down on the administration side of policing but wasal 0 sensiti\c to the concerns of public safety.

Prior to the Lunenburg- Mahone Bay merger two other regions around Sydney and Iialifa\ amalgamated their policing services as well. Lunenburg-Mahone Bay Chief of Police

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Brent ro\\ hur. t ad ised that he took \er) eriously the concerns of local citizcns at the earliest tage of the merger process. Bcing the Chief of the Lunenburg Police and prior e\perience with the RCMP assisted him in understanding the benefits of the amalgamation Prior to andince amalgamation the Chief has made 8 vi it. to local schools and community groups to ensure the children, teacher and residents in the communitie understood \\ hat \\ as hoppening. Most of the incentive for amalgomotion came from Mahone Bay . Priorto amalgamation Mahone Bay Police Department con . isted of t\\ 0 members and one port time officer. I he moyor of the town, situated 6 miles from Lunenburg, \~os notified by the province that the to\~n had three alternati~e to policing. pgrade the present police Department, contract with the R MP for policingervices or negotiate with the To\\ n of Lunenburg to suppi) service . pon inve tigating further they found that upgrading the pre ent force would require an almost doubling of the police budget of 130,000. ln\estigatingtheco tofR MPcontract policing revealed the cost would be in the vicinity of 75,000 (after the 30,000 Federal subsidy wa subtracted) for each officer. When they investigated the Lunenburg Police Department they found the best deal at $58,000 per officer. With the amalgamation Mahone Bay re idents found their police budget increased slightly but now had the advantage of24-houron-patrol police protection. hief rowhurst opened a police office in the town and a ured the community his priority would be high visibility policing. To back thi up he in tituted a policy which ees his member dedicate a minimum of25 per cent of

~~~!z~~N_£________________________________~~r____________________________ JUne-JUlY, 1996

No complaints about policing around Lunenburg

A recently renovated historical buildillg played all importallt role ill the LUllellburg Police Departmellt 's reputation of doillg more with less alld ill a smarter fashioll. their patrol time to community foot patrol. The new police force will have a budget of around $560,000 with a combined population ba e of 4,500 people. The new police department has nine full-time police officers, one part time officer and two paid auxiliary police officers who will assist with special events. Lunenburg Police Department ha been unusually innovative for an agency of its size. hicf Crowhur t has instituted several initiatives which have put them on the leading edge. lie has long recognized the importance of smaller agencies keeping up to date while at the same time being aware ofthe wise use of tax dollar. When it was apparent the department required a new police station Chief Crowhurst also found the town was going to spend funds on renovating an old railroad station. lie managed to convince the town to renovate the exterior of the railroad station as planned but let hi members design the interior for their use. The town agreed to this and all sides were happ} with the results. The historical railroad station turned Police tation now houses the police with all the interior expenses covered by the police and the exterior costs covered by the Town Parks Board. In another mo\e Chief Crowhur t ordered every room in the station be wired for future video monitoring. When renovations were completed he instituted a policy that every cautioned statement be video-taped. The policy has worked well and officer court time has been reduced as a re ult of increased guilty pleas. Another factor viewed with pride by Chief Crowhurst was the new Departmental cre t. "I wanted to make ure that every officer and each police vehicle was changed over to the new crest prior to amalgamation," he points out. The new crest clearly identifies the two communities and complete the bonding of the police with the people they serve and protect. The new Chiefs letterhead proudly di plays the department crest in the middle with two addresse and two phone numbers under each. On the left side it states "Lunenburg Community Police Office" while on the right side it states "Mahone Bay Police Office." A fine example of a police service identifying with the community. Meanwhile, back in Mahone Bay, town Mayor Joe Feeney looks back on the entire process with satisfaction. "It is another example of the succes which can be achieved when neighbouring municipalities work together."

Statistics kept by the Nova Scotia Police Commission released last July revealed that although complaints against police doubled in the rest of the province there were no complaints laid at all against officers of Lunenburg or Mahone Bay. But this is no big deal to locals - its was that way the year before as well. Ofall 132 complaints filed in Nova Scotia in 1994. the commission found 18 of them ,\ere valid. Complaints in Halifax doubled, according to the report, to 64 while in Cape Breton. there "ere 23 complaints directed at members of the

se\en municipal departments, up from 161he year before. Figures from some other centres were: Dartmouth 20. up from nine: Truro five, up from three; Amherst thn.:e, down from eight; and New Glasgow I.ero, dOl\l1 from one~ The leading complaints last year were over alleged abuse ofaulhoril), discreditable conduct and neglect of duty. rhere were 27 municipal police departments in the province at that lime with a fulltime workforce of 778 officers serving a population of 342.197.

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June - July, 1996_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

MagaZine

BEWARE THE "TECHNO·VIRUSES" A first hand look at the world of comput er viruses. By Tom Ralaj

type effects to evade detection . Avoiding infection in the first place is fairly simple, although the sources of infection are becoming increasingly wide spread. The most common way to get a virus, is by using borrowed (pirated) software from a friend or neighbour. Unknown to either of you, the virus infected program on the disk is ready to do its dirty work. You load the game or software on your machine, run th e game to try it out, and ... surprise! Another increasingly common source is through electronic bulletin boards and the Internet. While most bulletin boards claim to scan all posted software for viruses, it boils down to a matter of who you are going to trust. With the increasing complexity of computer viruses, and their staggering numbers (estimated in excess of6,000), the risk of infection is fairly substantial.

VIRUS PROTECTION

Just like their biological counterparts, computer viruses get transmitted from one computer to another computer without being detected. And again, often like their biological counterparts, they ju t seem to sit there, until the computer suddenly "sneezes", and you realise that it's ick. If you're lucky, it' s only one of the simple type that causes some mildly amusing "nuisance" type symptoms, like di splaying messages on the screen . If you're not so lucky, it's one of the new and very complex polymorphic viruses, designed to very quickly and effectively destroy every piece of data on your hard-drive. Unlike their biological cousins though, computer viruses can be removed in a matter of minutes. Through the diligent use of "antiviru s" so ftware and a few basic rules, most computer viruses can even be sto pped before they get a chance to infect a computer.

VIRUS ANATOMY 101 What i acomputervirus, how does itwork, how does your computer get one, and why should you be worried? In imple terms, a computer virus is a so ftware prog ram, like any other, that is designed to do certain things. Generally it is designed to insert itselfin the boot-sector (tirst ection ofacomputer program 's"code"). When

the user issues the command to run the program, the virus software executes its commands first, and the machine is then infected, and every piece of information on the computer is vulnerable. The simple viruses make no attempt to hide themselves or what they are up to, so they are easy to find and remove. Not satisfied with having their work so easily found, the mischievously crafty individuals that create the viruses (atthe rate of about 1,000 per year) have upped the ante. They have created more complicated viruses that disguise themselves through simple "encryption " techniques. But since encryption is also fairly easy to detect, they have moved up to even more complicated "polymorphic" viruses. Because ofthe techniques used in polymorphic viruses, the threat to the average user is increased. The polymorphic viruses add random strings of useless code into their decryption process, in an attempt to defeat the antivirus software with a sort of smoke screen effect. In response, the antivirus software programs now use a separate process that looks for symptoms of infection in addition to looking for the actual virus itself. The latest and most complicated polymorphic and "stealth" viruses use all sorts of simi larly conceived encryption and smoke-screen

The computer virus plague has spawned a whole specialised industry, dedicated solely to the study and combating of computer viruses. umerous specialised companies and software company divisions continue to develop antivirus products, in an ongoing battle to keep up with the virus creators. With a reported 76% market share, McA fee Network Security and Management, has established a reputation for being on the leading edge of the antivirus battle. Offering a wide variety of antivirus products, available for virtually every computer operating system, McAfee also offers free 30 day evaluation copies for downloading from their Internet site (fttp:\\www.mcafee.com). Symantec, famous for their Norton Utilities program, also offers a state of the art, patent pending, antivirus package for sale at the retail level. The latest version ofNorton Antivirus for Windows 95, offers a sophisticated package capableof detecting, destroying and preventing viruses. ot only is it easy to use, it looks after your computer automatically, by constantly monitoring your computer for activity that is consistent with a virus infection . Symantec 's Internet site (fttp:\\www.symantec.com) also offers information about viruses, and updates for registered users. Another antivirus solution includes a hardware based product called The Virus Trap. It uses a computer ROM (Read Only Memory) chip integrated with the computer's BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) chip to scan the computer' s memory and executable tiles before the operating system loads. It works ill conjunction with McAfee VirusScan to provide an extra level of security . Like Norton Antivirus, the Virus Trap system continually monitors the computer's operation to prevent infection. The

Virus Trap chip can be installed on a network card or it can be purchased as a separate adapter card for non-networked computers. The price of this protection runs in the $1 00 range, depending on the product. All the antivirus software companies offer a reasonably priced update ervice for registered users, allowing the users to stay up to date with the latest development in computer viruses.

IS IT CRIMINAL? Under the right conditions, and obviou Iy with the right evidence, purposely infecting a computer could be construed as a criminal act. Horror storie have surfaced where vindictive employees have infected entire corporate computer networks as a parting gesture. omputer hackers are no less a threat. Time and time again they have proven that they can hack their way into virtually any computer system. Criminal hackers planted Trojan horse software on an Internet Service Provider's site in Washington D.C. last year, and managed to copy u er names and passwords, compromising 12,000 users. They couldjust as easily have downloaded a couple dozen viruses and completely wiped-out the site. In November 1995, Christopher Pile was sentenced to 18 months in prison for creating the "Pathogen" and "Queeg" viruses. He was prosecuted under Britain's Computer Misuse Act of 1990.

STONED! Among the class of nuisance viruses, the " toned" virus does little more than splash a mes age across your screen: ''I'm stoned ... legali e marijuana!". Most people could probably till laugh at something like this, but many other viruses are designed solely with destruction in mind. The mo t popular viruses currently making the rounds include: 3b Trojan, Gold Trojan, Vienna.B UA.2263, Cascade. 170 I, Frodo.Frodo, Junkie, Keypress. 1232, One_I lair, at_Bug.Natas, Urkel, Yankee Doodle, TP-44, Foml, NYB, Junkie, AntiEE, Stealth_ Boot, Monkey, Ripper, Da' Boys,

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YOU'RE NEVER SAFE Despite all the best precautions, you are never guaranteed to be safe. Viruses have even been spread on original programs di k supplied by some of the biggest software vendors in the industry. During the recent launch ofM icrosoft Windows 95, rumours quickly spread that the original di ks contained a virus. Tests quickly determined that the disks were clean, although the second diskette was susceptible to infection from certain types of viruses already on customer's machines. Microsoft recommended that user should do a thorough and up to date virus check before trying to install Windows 95 from diskettes. In another new development, some crafty individuals have created a new type of virus that reproduces and spreads itself in the Microsoft Word Basic macro language in Microsoft Word. The only damage done by the virus is that it saves all documents as document templates, instead of documents. When it first appeared, none of the antivirus programs could detect it, because it fell outside the usual boot-sector style used by other viruses. pdates now all include the ability to detect thi virus as well. The bottom line is that you can never be too careful. Don't participate in software piracy, be suspicious of every diskette, including shareware, and regularly use the latest versions of the top selling antivirus software.

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by Th omas M. Burtoll To those engaged in police investigations, undercover operations offer the opportunity for increa ed efficiency. They allow you to penetrate criminal organizations not susceptible to other investigative techniques. Those gains, however, are not without their price. Placing officers in undercover roles exposes them to some physical and emotional dangers not normally present in police work. Properly structured undercover operations, however, can offer a high degree of safety.

Why Does Undercover Work? Pol ice managers would have a less stressfu I job if their subordinate never worked undercover. Ilowever, many modern criminal activitie are not susceptible to other investigative techniques, and lend them elves to an undercover approach . Included in that list are crimes of narcotics, firearms, and terrorism. Relatively unu ed before the I 960s, the undercover investigative technique is widely used today with excellent results. Undercover operations can gather intelligence that would otherwise go unknown.Your objective may be to find out what kinds of criminal activity are taking place in your jurisdiction, to plan the use of resources or to try to keep a jump ahead of criminal patterns. Most often, of course, undercover operations are used to gather evidence on specific crimes, to thwart criminals who may be planning a crime, and to facilitate the making of arrests and seizure .

Sail

The vast majority of police undercover investigations undertaken in the United States today involve criminal narcotics activity. I will focus on those cases in this article. Narcotics investigations are the likeliest places for undercover usage and are the likeliest places for injuries or deaths. So, while undercover operations are very useful law enforcement tools, their inherent risk makes it imperative that we do our utmost to protect our undercover officers from the perils associated with the assignment.

Who Should Work Undercover? If our objective is to perform undercover operations effectively and safely, then we must give careful attention to the choice of officers selected to work undercover. It is not enough that the undercover investigation gathers evidence or causes prosecutions. The operation is a success only if all the officers survive to go home to their families. The selection of the proper undercover officers has a lot to do with the overall safety of the investigation. What we have learned in this business, and not always the easy way, is that the proper selection of undercover officers can increase the chances for a successful prosecution and increase the chances for a safe outcome. The traits desired for a good undercover officer are not much different from those of any good investigator; they arejustmorecritical.The candidate should be agood overall law enforcement officer and a good investigator. An officer who has not proven him or herself to be a solid performer as a street cop will not likely do well

undercover, and could be more at risk. Only volunteers should be considered for undercover assignments. Officers shou Id never be forced to work undercover, nor should it be an element necessary for advancement or good performance evaluations. In fact, management should attempt to dissuade the feeling in the "back room" that you are not a complete investigator until you have worked undercover." Time and time again it is the officer who fee ls pressured to work undercover that puts himself or herself at risk. Most experienced police managers feel that undercover assignments should be given to officers who have had at least three years of police experience and some investigative background. Those officers have the law enforcement skills necessary to make an undercover assignment safe and productive. Some police departments, however, still select officers from recruit classes to work undercover. Although there are benefits to this practice, the risks far outweigh the advantages. Recruits have not yet mastered the skills necessary to perform safely in undercover assignments. Officers who have performed well in undercover assignments share several other traits: they tend to be resourceful, manipulative, and assertive; they have well developed negotiating skills; they are professionally and personally mature; and they usually have a stab le fami ly situation. However, officers who have high manipulative and assertive skills can also be a challenge for management if they are not closely monitored. Potential undercover officers need to be able to follow instructions and be able to communicate regularly with their chain of command. It is one thing to have an officer who is a little independent working on the street or in an investigative unit, but quite another when he or she is working undercover. Working undercover exposes an officer to situations where they are separated from other officers and managers for periods of time. Placing an officer who is an under-communicator in that situation is dangerous. One of the tricks to being safe while working undercover is for the entire law enforcement team to be alert for signals that something has changed or altered the chances for a safe conclusion to the operation. When an undercover officer fails to make his/her teammates aware of every nuance about the assignment, something could be overlooked that has a bearing on the safety of the operation. Also, if management needs to change the direction of an undercover operation or needs to make rules concerning the operation, the undercover officer must be relied upon to follow those directives. Failure to do so could put him or her at risk. The role of an undercover Control Officer is essential in monitoring the undercover officer's well-being and cannot be overstated. Now that we know the makeup of the perfect and safe undercover officer, reality sets in- the perfect officer does not exist. However, using the foregoing criteria when you make your selection will help make your undercover operations safer and more productive.

( COlltillued...)

~~!z~~N_£________________________________~~r____________________________ JUne - JUlY, 1996

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How Can We Prepare for a Safe Undercover Operation? ndercover operations that are tarted wi th little ad ance noti e and planning are not recommended. Many of the in tances researched where undercoveroffi ers were injured showed that the operation was done at the la t minute with only a minimum of preparation or planning. ndercover perations should alway be well th ught out, planned, and prepared. Failure t do so can easil) lead to a situation where y ur undercover officer i placed in an un afe environment. You hould never put undercover officer in undercover role \\ithout training. We would certainl) n t put a recruit in a patrol car on the street without training. We \\ould be placing them, and our department, in jeopardy. 0 it goes for underco\er wor1--. Formal training programs for undercover officers arc available. You should make ever) effort to have current and prospective undercover officers attend. Meetings ho ted by state la\\ enforcement and state narcotic officers associations offer excellent training. Topi about vocabular) , legal issues, negotiating 1--ills, and ele tronic are important. rhe Drug Enforcement Administration (DCA) al 0 offer training. It is preferable that the undercover officer attend a one or two \\ee1-- narcotic ffi er training program, but om cr ' can benefit from hort training cour es su h as tho e offered at local law enforcement meetings. Do not overlook informal training as another e'\cellent way to provide undercover training.Your department could devote an inservice training session to undercover matter with members of the office giving instruction. great deal of1--n \\ ledge also changes hand in the 'squad ba)' \\-here e perienced under over officen; n:counte,\perience ,telling about case that succeeded; telling about e ' that failed ; and telling about the clo e calls when officers ,1m st came into harm ' way. On thejob training isnotonly important but it is mandatory . Most good undercover operations involve more than one undercover operative, \\here an officer ne\\ to undercover can act in a supporting role to learn from \\hat he or she sees and hears. Most enior undercover officers an: happ) t take a ne\\comer along if the script can accommodate more than one, \\ith the ageold admonition, "Ju t keep out of the way and don't sa) a word." Re\ iew . of undercover operations that have gone \Hong, \\hcre the safety of the undercover officer was compromised, show that lack of advance planning was instrumental in cau ing the error. roup, quad, or team that do undercover \\or1-- hould e tabli h a habit that no undercover operation will be undertaken \\ithout me planning. I have een, and been imolved in, undercover operations where no planning was done at all, where the undercover officer said," an you cover me for a couple minutes? I'm just meeting a croo1-- at the fa t food restaurant on Main treet, just going to talk." 0 otT lOU go and no one know your plans. Ihose instance arc nothing more than a traged) waiting to happen . Planning for an undercover operation should

include consideration of several important is ues.The plans should include those trite topic of who, what, where, when, and why. Who is going to be working undercover?Who are the crooks? Do all the other participants know them and what they look like? xactly what are we going to do? Buy, talk, how, orsee?Where will the operation take place? Will the undercover operation move from the first locale to another? Moving is a common problem with undercover operations and often cau es consternation. After an initial meeting, the crooks and the undercover officers begin to move from that location. If the surveillance officer ee movement but have not been told of the plan, they do not know what to do. They are left to wonder if the undercover officers are in jeopardy or if the move is benign. Exactly when will the meeting take place? This topic, of course, causes laughter among narcotic officer, because narcotic violators are notoriously undependable. Even 0, the plan should have a set ending time. II' the undercover meeting has not begun by a certain time, the meeting should be canceled.Why are we having this meeting?The objectives must be clear 0 that everyone knows what to expect. Planning for an undercover operation should al 0 include decisions about whether electronic a sistance will be u ed; what vehicles will be u ed; whether the undercover officers will be armed; and any pecial as ignments for officer involved. All the officer involved in an undercover operation should be together at a meeting where the plans and objectives are discussed. The officers should meet the other participants, including the undercover officer and the cooperative individual (if one is involved). An operational plan must be written that incorporates all the plan and decisions made about the operation. This is an extremel) important tool for undercover operations. An operational plan is an absolute requirement for afe undercover operations. The plan should be in a format agreed upon by management. It hould be clearly written and distributed so that everyone involved has a copy. umerous example of operational plans are available. The tyle is not important, but using them routinely i important. The plan should contain a minimum of the following information: Case Number Date, time, and place of operation Undercover officer(s) Suspects with identifying data (attach photos if pos ible) urveillance of car with assignments treet supervi or Office supervisor Control Officer

BLUE L'NE - - -- -- - -- - - - - - iG6! M agazine

Vehicle de criptions with licen e numbers Flash roll involvement Radio call signs of officers All pertinent phone numbers Briefnarrative of what is expected to happen Emergency ignals to be used by under cover officer Location of nearest emergency medical care You hould distribute the operational plan to all officers involved in the operation, the radio room, the quad secretary, the upervisors, and any other appropriate per on . A copy hould be kept in the case file for future u e. The importance of an operational plan cannot be overstated. This tool alone can make any undercover operation afer. It keeps everyone focu ed on what they are doing and reduce dangerou unplanned changes to the operation. An ancillary benefit i that undercover operations that u e an operational plan tend to be more productive. Operations that have an objective and a tructured plan tend to go better. Undercover officers who stick to a plan arc seen by the crook as more in control and more often get their way . Additionally, before an undercover operation is undertaken, make sure that the chain of control i clearl) defined.There should be no mistaking \\ho i responsible for making decisions and \\here the ultimate authorit) lies. An undercover operation should have a street supervi or-often referred to as the case agent who i responsible for ongoing decisions about the case, directing urveillance, communicating with the undercover officers, authorizing change to the plan, and ensuring that the operation safely proceeds toward its objective.The undercover officer hould not be the street upervi or, because it is too difficult for him or her to communicate with the others. They cannot see the whole picture as well as omeone outside the undercover role. Ever) undercover operation hould also have a supervisor \\ho is in the office. This uper isor can monitor the operation, communicate \\-ith the street super\isor, make deci ions not delegated to the 'treet supervisor, and have access to all type of communication in ca e of an emergency.

The Operation Itself -Is it Safe? ow all the preparations have been made for a safe undercover operation.The operation is deemed necessar), the right people arc selected, and the planning is completed. e'\t is the operation it elf. Ilow can it be executed as safely as po ible? Surveillance is key to a safe undercover operation. urveillance should be tarted well before the anticipated meeting time. Too often surveillance i establi hed only moments before the meeting time. Or, worse yet, the undercover meeting actually starts while the surveillance unit are en route. Ittakes time for surveillance officer to look around, familiarize themselves with the locale, find a place to et up, and communicate their location and field of vision to other units. 0 undercover meeting hould begin until all the urveillance units are ettled in place and have checked in \\-ith the street upervi or. Ifthe undercover officers come into danger before their protective survei llanee un its are in place, they arc all alone and cannot be helped. The urveillance units should be con-

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June - July, 199 6

tantly aware of any changes in the vicinity that might threaten the safety of the officers, for example, counter-surveillance or blocking action by other vehicles. I f the addresse of the suspects are known, surveillance units should go there to learn of their activities before the planned meeting. They may sight additional suspects who could be a threat to the undercover officers. Undercover operations do not always succeed. Sometimes crooks are unable to obtain the drugs or convince their source of supply to follow the agreed upon plan. At other times, however, the crooks never intend to supply the contraband, but are instead looking for the chance to rip off the undercover officer. Likewise, an operation is planned to last a certain amount of time, with allowances for normal delays. However, an undercover operation that has gone beyond the normal time limits must be terminated. When negotiations stretch on and on it might be because the crooks are trying to maneuver the undercover officers into a situation where they can be harmed, either in an attempt to steal money or because they believe them to be police officers. The street supervisor has the responsibility to determine the maximum amount of time for an undercover operation to run. lIe or she must realize that negotiations which run too long rarely end in uccess.The operational plan should contain a time frame within which the negotiations will be concluded. afe operations follow those time con traints. Radio di cipline is another facet of a safe undercover operation.The principal radio user during an undercover operation should be the street supervisor. He or she has the responsibil-

ity for communicating with the undercover officer, assigning surveillance duties, talking with the office upervisor, and monitoring any discreet transmitting devices. Other officers on the operation must be instructed to keep their radio traffic to an absolute minimum. Unnecessary radio traffic that covers up critical communications between the supervisor and others can be dangerous. If something goes really wrong during an undercover operation, the response time by cover officers is critical.Time lost waiting for the radio frequency to clear can be deadly.We all like to know what is going on, but you must avoid idle inquiries on the radio. Discreet transmitting devices are essential in modem day undercover operations. Not only are they excellent safety tools for the undercover officer, but they provide the best possible evidence for court. The array of electronic devices available to assist undercover operations including audio, video, infrared, microwave, and miniaturization, dazzle those of us who, years ago, had little or nothing available. I will make no attempt here to detail the equipment, technique, or usage choices available. Police managers, however, should make themelves aware of the electronic equipment available and should ensure it is used in undercover operations when appropriate. Counter-surveillance devices used by those with criminal intent pose a significant challenge to an operational plan. It is essential to know whether the subjects are using this type of equipment or not! You should know this equipment is available to the crooks and has been used in the past. When an undercover narcotics officer is injured or killed while on the job, it is predominantly caused by lack of proper l1ash roll man-

agement. umerous articles and papers have been done on thi topic alone due to its importance in undercover officer safety. In any undercover operation where the officer pose as someone who has the money to buy contraband, the intent of the trafficker is to obtain that money . If he can acquire it through negotiations, fine. However, if the trafficker believes he can obtain the money b} ripping it off, the undercover officer is at tremendous risk. The fact is that it does not matter what the undercover oflicers do with the l1ash roll. What matters is what the crook perceives is being done with the money. Undercover officers should realize that the mo t dangerous time during an undercover scenario is when both the contraband and the flash roll are present. It is at this time when the crooks are the most alert and aggressive. You can maximize undercover safety when using a flash roll by applying a number of techniques: Never let the suspect know, or think he knows, the location of the flash roll. An undercover oflicer who has $10,000 hidden on hi or her person, but has convinced the trafficker that the money is elsewhere, is probably as safe as if he had no money at all. [fa suspect is shown the l1a h roll, tell him that the money is being moved the moment the meeting is over. If the suspect even thinks he knows where the money is located, he may try to rip it off. "Flash" the money at a time and location of your choosing, not at a time and place directed by the suspects. A "surprise flash" is often used to di play money while limiting the undercover officer' s exposure to danger. With this technique the money i shown to a suspect when he ( COlltil/lI ed...)

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i' not >'pe ting it, uch as ata meeting set up for other purp 'C, If thc u pect has any inclination to steal the flash roll, any advance notice of its ap pearance will pro ide him with the opportunity to dc i e a plan to teal it cc mmonlya cepted, afc flashing tcchnique, PIa e the monel in a vehicle driven by another undercover officeL They wi Ilthen leave thc cenc immediately after the flash. rake the u 'pect to the location of the flash, then drive him back to another location to re ume negotiation . Flash the mone) in a bank alet)' depo it bo a technique good for high security. c er move to a econd 10 ali on with the flash roll no maller \\hatthe enticement offercd by the 'uspect Iso, do not flash the mone) more than once in the same investigation unless it is unavoidable. Do not flash the mone) the ame way the econd time, especially sin cit \\ ill no longer be a surprise. It also does no good to surprise fla h a flunk) and then be required to fl ash the 'ame money to the real r ok. I he ke) is to flash the money to the c rrect suspect originall). I he supcrvi 'or pla)s a ke) role in fla h roll safet). nderco\cr officer ometimes fail to ens> danger bccaus> the) arc intent on the suc essful completion of the deal. The supervi.'or should be read) to u e an) e,traordinaf) methods to protectthc safct) of the undercover officer.

What are the Keys to Undercover Safety? You con enhance the safety ofyollr underc ver officers b) avoiding mistakes found in operations that ended in death or injury to an

undercover officeL Apply the e fundamentals when beginning an undercover operation: Plan the operation carefully, including the selection and training of the officers. Make sure that all neccessary preparations are completed. Always select a volunteer who has received training in undercover operations. Always use an operational plan. The lack of an operational plan, or one poorly thought out, can lead directly to trouble. Everyone invoh cd in the operation mu t know what i expected of them and what to expect of others. When problems occur or iftragedy is narrow 11' averted, the fir t que tion is, "Was there an operational planT Management must insist on an operational plan for every undercover operation. Practice correct flash roll management. Mismanagement of the flash roll is a direct invitation to tragedy. Crooks will attempt to rip off the money if given the opportunity. Even allowing them to think they know where the fla h roll is can re ult in problems. stab li sh good communication procedures. Poor communication with the undercover officer leave the supervi or without any mean to asses the ongoing situation a it relate to danger. Always assign an undercover Control Officerasa pointofdail) contact to monitorthe well-being of the undercover officeL With all the technology available toda) , the undercover officer shou ld be equipped with a means to send and receive communications. Beepers, cellular phones, and discreet transmitters can readily accomplish this goal. An officer need the ability to receive word from his or her supervisor if a dangerous situatio n has developed "outside" or to tran mit the call for assistance if faced with danger "inside."

Remove the undercover officer from the arrest cene. One ofthe mo t dangerou actions attempted is the arre t of the suspects b) the undercover officer. At this time in an operation, the su pect believes the undercover officer's coveL Any action taken b) the officer mal be perceived asdrug violence, and the suspect may respond with fatal violence. Or, the su pect may become enraged when he realizes he has been tricked . Either scenario is dangerou . ror these reasons. the undercover officer should be removed from the scene before arre t are undertaken. All of us can \\ork more safel). Attention to detail, including the points discus ed in this article, will help us make our undercover officer safer as the) do their job. Thomas 1. Burton served as a Special Agent \vith the Drug Enforeemcnt ·\dministration from 1970-1995. During that pcriod he served as a tield agcnt In several oftices: as a field supervisor; and in se\eal headquarters' assignments to include three ) ears on the Of A facult) at the I BI Acodemy. Quontico. Virginia. Presently Mr. Burton is imol\ed in la\\ enforcement training and con~ulting. Judge: I 'm sentencing you to 1-1 days in jail Accused: I can do that standing on Illy head' Judge: Then I'm sentencing you to another 1-1 days to get the blood back down to your feet. - Peter JfacDonald "From The Cop Shop "

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Specific Training for Duty Performance by Gil Puder One night hift, when a youth brandishing a knife threw down his weapon and fled, I jumped from my car and gave chase. With only thirty meters to make up, I expected to quickly reel him in . After all, a practicing martial artist who regularly runs and lifts weights wa n't going to lose this little fish . I was surprised and frustrated to find my sustained speed much less than I anticipated; the offender maintained his distance, turned into a dark alley, and hid while I ran past. Fortunately, my alert partner, a block behind, ran into the enterprising lad when he left cover. Gasping for breath, my muscles shook and I cursed that I just couldn't go any faster. I was painfully aware that my work intensity had surpa ed the lactate threshold, with my sprinting performance rapidly deteriorating due to my body's inability to sustain anaerobic exercise l . Ilow had this happened to someone who thought he was in hape, and could I correct a conditioning deficiency? Examining my personal fitness regimen, I looked for change that could account for my disappointing performance. About three years previous, competitive basketball and mixed runs with academy recruits, (which involved steep hills, intervals, and Fartlek running), had been gradually replaced by longer aerobic runs on flat terrain near my home. Although using my legs and maintaining aerobic capacity, my anaerobic fitne s (which delivers up to 95% of the energy required in a 400 meter sprint2) was no longer being exercised. Sustained speed was a duty requirement I should have anticipated. A seemingly limitles range of potential needs makes police fitness programming a daunting task, yet guidance can be drawn from physical abilities tests based upon empirical analysis of operational activities). The POPAT used in both Canada and the U.S. ha components requiring muscular strength and endurance, anaerobic and aerobic fitness, and flexibility; it also requires, however, skill-related abilities such as agility, balance, speed, power, and coordination 4 • My lack of sustained sprinting speed was clearly due to neglecting the principle of specificity in training. Simply put, training must be specific to not only the muscle groups but also the energy systems required by the muscle under competitive conditions l . Although I was fulfilling two parts of the FITT6 training prescription, I believe that the type (less anaerobic, more aerobic) and intensity (not working pa t anaerobic threshold) of my change in routine had contributed to adecline in sprinting endurance: Freq uency: How often exercise is performed . Inte nsity: How hard the exercise is performed. T ime: How long the work is performed during exercise.

Type: The activity performed during exercise. Adding interval work to my regular running routines would certainly return to training beyond anaerobic thre hold, but what would be the impact of playing basketball again? I expect a significant benefit, since competitive athletes in team sports (basketball, rugby, soccer) routinely post the fastest times in POP AT. These sports not only develop the aforementioned skill-related abilities, which can improve POPATperformance, butalso involve anaerobic exercise. Competitive basketball places demands on both the anaerobic alactic and glycolytic energy systems, so much so that sprint conditioning is used to enhance athletes' performance 7 • Although I had never ceased crosstraining, with a variety of activities using multiple muscle groups, [ had neglected an energy system foreeeable as a duty requirement. Everyone will build their own training routine according to their needs, including enjoyment and long-term well ness, but police should consider the impact of exercise speci ficity as it relates to their operational performance. With the variety of sports and exercises available today, it' certainly possible to train for fun safety together.

Referellces I Palmer, A.S., and Potteiger, lA ., Understanding the Lactate Threshold, Strength and Conditioning (February, 1996). 2 Powers, S., and Howley, E., Exercise Phvsiology : Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance, 2nd ed., (Wisconsin: Brown & Benchmark, 1994). ) Farenholtz, D. W., Peak, K., and Coxey, G., Physical Abilities Testing for Police Officers:A Flexible, Job-Related Approach, The Police Chief, (January, 1992). 4 Rhode , E.C., and Farenholtz, D.W., Police Officer's Physical Abilities Test Compared to Measures of Physical Fitness, Canadian Journal of Sports ciences. Vol. 17, No.3, (1992). l Powers and Howley: pp.265 1266, 4571458. 6 Hoffman, R., and Collingwood, T., Fit for Duty . (Illinois: Human Kinetics, 1995). 7 Caprara, G., pecific Sprint Conditioning for College Basketball, Strength and Conditioning. (August 1994).

Gil Puder is a member of the Vanco uver Police Dept. and is a sessional instructor at t he Justice Institute of B.C. and La nga r a Co llege.

Both of the above 18 X 24 inch prints are from original colour acrylic paintings by Police Artist David Hart. The painting on the left depicts a police dog (police agency not specified) while the painting on the right depicts the Metropolitan Toronto Police Marine Unit with a "Then and Now" theme. These numbered edition prints are available at a price of $69.95 each from Blue Line Magazine. Also available in a beautiful mahogony frame, double matt and protective glass at a price of $230.00.

PROCEEDS OF SALES GO TO THE POLICE ARTISTS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA Police organizations wishing to purchase volumes of these limited editions for fund raising purposes may contact Mary at Blue Line Magazine for special bulk rates.

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New Justice project to stress healing over punishment Replacingthepunitiveju tice ystem with one that emphasizes restitution and healing Ivill bethe focus of a new international exchange program at imon Fra er niver ity. The F pr gram was selected for funding in a competition organized by the European ommunity and Iluman Resources Development anada. The competiti n, open to all anadian universitie in any dis ipline, produced si'\ Ivinners from 56 submis ions. The FU chool of criminology proje t-called "Victimization, Mediation and Restorath,e Justicc", Ivas ubmitted in concert with thc Univcrsity of Montreal. nivcr ity of Rcgina, niversity of heflield (England), the atholic niver ity in L.cuven (Belgium), niversity of the Basque untry ( an ebastien, pain) and niversity f the 'anary Island (Las Palmas, pain). .. ietimi/.ation i a new area of tudy in riminolog) ," e'\plain F criminologi tOr. [LLat Fattah. "We have long e'\perience with the ati e community Ivherc our punitive y tern of justicc is forcign to their culture. We wanted to find out if it is po sible to replacc a punitive system ofjustice with a systcm of healing, re titution and c mpensalion to the victim."

Jury recommends a pepper spray movie Sault ' te. Marie coroner's inquest has recommended that provincial police develop a training video to help officer identify symptoms associated with the use of their i sued pepper spray. , colt mbeault, 33, of ault tc. Marie died in pol icc cust dy last ycar aftcr an altercation \vith police in \vhich he was prayed in the face SCI eral times II ith the cay enne pepper spray . Ihejury heard earlicr that Ambcault had a 70-per-cent blockagc in a heart valve, uffercd from paranoid schi/ophrenia and. at the timc of the altercation II ith police. was in a tate of e'\citcd dclirium a condition with symptoms such as c'\tremc frenzied activity, additional physical strength and a lack of sensitivity to pain. pathologi t testilied last month that Ambeault' dcath was caused by extrcmc activity transl' rming into e'\hau tion, lack of oxygen and cardi -re piratory failure. 1 hejury 'aid p lice should continue to u e pepper spray "or oleoresin cap icum" as a nonlethal I\eapon but the force hould provide a training" ideo to help officers recognize the sy mptom . of ex itcd delirium and violent behavi ur. fhe live-member jury recommendcd the video 'hould point out the differences between pcoplc I\ith e'\cited delirium and violent per on .

Fattah note that the program will encourage increased tudy of the model of restorative justice. "We hope that re earch will show that re torativeju tice is superior to our retributive system. Now, our systcm ays if you commit a crime you have to suffer, but re torativeju tice emphasizes healing." Funding for the project is $300,000. Undergraduate or graduate tudent who wi h to entcr the program will be able to tudy at one of the four European univer itie in the con ortium for one year and will receive financial a sistance. " anadian students and students from the uropean Community will have a unique opportunity to study with renowned authorities. tudents will also have the opportunity to learn a foreign language and be expo cd to a different culture," Dr. Fattah said. The three-year program will end its first tudents abroad in 1997 with 25 Canadians going to the European universitie and an equal number coming to Canada. A part of the project, FU's criminology school and its centre for distance education will develop cour e material to allow European students notchosen as participants to take credit cour es from their univer ities. Contact Prof. Ezzat Fattah (604) 291-4764.

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June 10 - 14, 1996 14th Annual Ad va nced Homicide Inve ti ga tor e min a r To ronto - Ontario The eminar will be held at the Toronto kydome Hotel. For further in formation contact the Metro. Toronto Police Ilomicide quad at (416) 808-7400, or fax (416) 8087402.

Jun e 16 - 20, 1996 O ntario Association of C hiefs of Police C onference T oronto - Ontario For more information regarding this year's show, which is hosted by the Metro. Toronto Police, contact Janice Pennington, or S/Sgt. Paul Vorvis at (4 16) 808-4872, or fax (416) 808-4802.

June 10 - 14, 1996 Reid Technique of In terviewin g a nd In te rroga ti on ain t John - New Brun wick The aint John Police Force will be ho ting a pre entation ofa eminaron the Reid Technique oflnterviewing and Interrogation between June 10 - 12 and the Advanced our e on the Reid Technique of Interviewingand Interrogation, between June 13 - 14. To register call gt. Kevin MacDonald at (506) 648-3256.

June 17 - 21 , 1996 Ad vanced Fraud & Fire Investi gation Techniques Banff - Alberta The Canadian Coalition Against Insurance Fraud and the International Association of Arson Investigators, Inc., are presenting programs surrounding fraud, fire scene investigation and financial investigation among others. For more information contact Glenn Gibson at (905) 529-9600 or Cory DeGraff at (403) 233-6006, ext. 6848 .

J un e 12, 1996 Peel Regiona l Police Tactical nit T hird Annu a l niper Fun hoot Bra mpton - Onta r io The Peel Regional Police Tactical nit i ho ting it third annual niper hoot. nipers from all agencie are welcome to attend. Individual and two man hoots will take place. Regi tration is $25 per hooter. For further information contact onst. Ken Rodd at (905) 453-3311 , ext., 7381.

June 20 - 23, 1996 Ca nadian Law E nforce ment Gam es Ottawa - Ontario The games will cover over 20 differentevents including: basketball, cycling, swimming and tennis. Spouses are welcome and children will have the opportunity to compete in junior summer games. For more details contact Perry teckly at (705) 383-0038, or Mike Mathieu at (6 13) 226-2815.

June 30 - July 3, 1996 Quebec C hiefs of Police Association Conferen ce Quebec C ity - Quebec This year's trade show is to be hosted by the Quebec City Police and held at the Loews Concorde Hotel. Contact Jean Francois Roy for more information on the conference at (4 18) 697-7 101 , or fax (4 18) 69 1-4747. July I - 5, 1996 Nova ' 96 Orillia - Ontario The Canadian Identification Society will hold its 19th annual ova seminar. This year's program will focus on computer based technology including laser mapping, 3-D photogrametry and colour image enhancement. For further details contact Pat Downey at (705) 7485522, ext. 2071 , or fax (705) 7484956. July 11 - 14, 1996 C lassic Car how Brampton - Onta rio Book your force's classic police vehicle for this show, which will have over 2,500 cars on display. Past shows have been attended by a large number of forces from across North America. For more information contact Cst. Tom Robb, Peel Regional Police, (905) 453-3 11, ext. 2160, or Russ Mattehews, Show Co-ord inator, at (905) 846-0826. July 12 - 14, 1996 14th Annual Denis William Sio-Pitch T ourn a ment Hamilton - Onta rio Hosted by the HamiltonWentworth Police Association, the tournament will be held at Turner Park. Divisions include mixed, recreational and competitive. All emergency personnel are eligible to play . All proceeds from the tournament go directly to the Children 's Wish Foundation. For more Information contact Joanne Engelhardt at (905) 574-6044, or fax (905) 574-3223.

J uly 15 - 19, 1996 rim e A na lysis Application T r ai ning Co urse O ttawa - Onta rio The Ottawa-Carleton Police ervice will sponsor the course which will outline all aspects of crime analysis. The course will be held atthe Canadian Police College and presented by the author of "C rime Analysis: From First Report to Final Arrest". For more information contact Sgt. Graydon Patterson (613) 236-1222, ext, 2285, for fax 829-8484. A ugust 19 - 25, 1996 ATA IR AGM '95 Co nference Ha lifax - Nova cotia The Canadian Association of Technical Accident Investigators & Reconstructionists will host a 3 day IPTM course on pedestrian/cycle coil ision reconstruction and a 2 day conference with a variety of presentations relating to traffic collision investigations and reconstruction . For more information contact Ken Zwicker (902) 688-1928, or fax (902) 688-1640. A ugu t 25 - 28, 1996 C.A.C. P. Co nference Ottawa - Onta ri o The Ottawa-Carleton Regional Police ervice will be sponsors of the 91 st annual Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police Conference. For further details contact Jacques Corbeil at (613) 237-2227. eptember I - 5, 1996 Intern ati ona l Police T r a in ing onference Birmin gha m - Engla nd This seminar is the 34th annual Training Conference for the International Association of Women Police. It will focus on many topics including Policing the Channel Tunnel, Use of Graphoanalysis and afety at Sporting Events. More information can be obtained by contacting the West Midlands Police by phone or fax at +44 (0) 121 236 0431.

Bachelor's and/or M aster's Degrees in Criminal J ustice If you want to learn and earn your undergraduate/ graduate degree by self-paced home study ... all or write Dr. Sheldrick at:

outhwest University 2200 Veterans Blvd. Kenner, LA 70062 1-800-433-5923 (Credit for Specialized Training and Field Experience)

Milton Police Facility

ARCHITECTURE FOR POLICE FAC ILITIES

DUNLOP FARROW INC . ARCHITECTS 450 Front Street West. Toronto M5V 1B6 Tel. 416-596-6666 Fax 416-596-7892

BLU£ L'N_£____________________________~V ~I--------------------------JUne - JUI~1996 M a gazina

September 5 - 8, 1996 Canadian Police Canine Association 1996 C hampionship Dog Trials Prince Albert - Saskatchewa n The host agency for this year's trials is the Prince A lbert Police Service. In order to take part in this four day event C.P.C.A. members wi ll pay a$65 entry fee, while nonmembers wi ll pay $ 100. For further information regarding the trials co ntact Const. Ken Hunter, or Const. Dave chluff at (306) 9534222, or fax (306) 764-00 II . September 26, 1996 Law Enforcement and Reco rds (Ma nagers) Network (LEA R N) Orangeville, Ontario The Orangeville Police Service is pleased to host the LEARN seminar. This isan opportunity formaking and renewing valuable contacts within their peer group. Topics discussed wi II deal with changes in legislation and in the work environment. For further detai ls call Myrna Roberts at (519) 94 1-2522, or fax (5 19) 941- 1279. September 26 - 29,1996 B.C. Crime Prevention Association Symposium Vancouver - British Co lumbia The BCCP A enco urages you to attend the annua l symposium, which will be held at the Sheraton Landmark Hotel. Work shops and guests speakers will again be a part of this event. For more information contact Brian Foote by phone at (604) 594-1552. October 19, 1996 4th Annual in Harmon y With theCommunity Musical Concert Newmarket - Ontario The York Regional Police Male Chorus are presenting an evening of music at the t. Elizabeth Seton Catholic Church, 17955 Leslie St., ewmarket. Police Choirs from Ottawa Carleton, Metropolitan To-

ronto, Waterloo Region, York Region and Halton Region will perform. The concert starts at 7:30pm and tickets are 10 each. For more information contact Supt. Lowell McClenny at (905) 830-0303, ext. 79 10. October 22 - 24,1996 Metro. To ronto Police 11 th Annual Forensic Identification Seminar Toronto - Ontario Thi year's seminar will be held at the Metropolitan Toronto Police Association Building. All interested parties are asked to contact either Evelyn Faubertat(4 16) 808-7671 or Detective Stan Piotrowski at (4 16) 808-7680 during business hours or in writing for more information . Space for this venue is limited and wi ll be booked on a first come first serve basis. Oct. 30 - Nov. 1, 1996 1st Annual Canadian CPTED Conference Ca lgary - Alberta The International conference for CPTED practitioners will bring together Canada's top CPTED practitioners and facilitators together in a series of workshops and interactive session s designed to enhance their work in areas of planning, engineering, landscaping, security/law enforcement. Space is limited so re gister quickly. Call (800) 562-2272, or fax (403) 264-088 1. November 12 - 15, 1996 9th Annual Robbery Investigators Seminar Toronto - Ontario Held at the Toronto Hilton Hotel, the seminar will cover topics including new case law relating to robbery investigations, statement analysis, new s urveillance techniques and interviewing and interrogation techniques. For further information contact Det.

Greig Foord, or Det. Steve Proulx at (4 16) 808-7350, or fax (416) 808-7352. November 17 - 19, 1996 2nd Annu al Crisis Negotiators Trai nin g Semin ar Ca lgary - Alberta The 1995 edition of this sem inar was very well received and we are pleased to announce we will be conducting an all new edition for 1996. Primarily case studies of recent hostage/barricade situations in Canada and the U.S. and some instruction on recent developments in the field. This is an opportunity to learn by other's successes and mistakes. Contact Det. Greg Harris at the Calgary Police Service Robbery Unitat(403)268-8748 or fax (403) 232-6040.

The Korea Veterans Association, Unit 57, is building a national "Wall of Remembrance" to pay tribute to fellow Canadians, their comrades. who were killed in the Korean War, 1950 - 1953 . "The Wall" will be built at Meadowvale Cemetery, located in the city of Brampton,Ontario. The Korea Veterans hope they can reach families and comrades of the fallen, so they may enquire about this future tribute to their loved ones and make plans to visit or donate to the building of the wall. For more information call or fax (905) 459-6257.

Canadian Police Canine Association 1996 C hampionship Dog Trials September 5 - 8 Host Agefl cy

Prince Albert Police Service

Cost

C.P.C.A members: $65 on-members : $100

(includes I year membership)

Park Model Trailer in clean, secure campground at Sauble Beach Ont. Trai ler is 8 years old, 36 foot Mallard with bedroom and doub le bunk room. Permanent awning and concrete deck in wooded lot. Camp ground has heated indoor pool with hot tub. Perfect get-away for a perfect summer. Price reduced. Phone (905) 640-3048 for further details.

COfltact

Cst. Ken Hunter Cst. Dave Schluff at

Prince Albert Police Service Phn : (3 06) 953-4222 Fax: (306) 764-0011 CPIC SN30024

Attention Former Police Officers

Attention Police Chiefs

Put your police skills back to work serving the

I t False Alarm Response

public. Work from the convenience of your home as an Information Provider in a national service bureau.

Forward resume in confidence to:

Ask-A-Cop Information Services, Inc. #1 Highway East, P.O. Box 306, Regina, SK, Canada S4P 2N3

I t Applicant inquiries I t Crime Stoppers call forwarding

900 Number technology is a cost effective way to introduce user fees and improve service delivery. Forinformation about complete tum-key operations write to:

Ask-A-Cop Information Services, Inc. #1 Highway East, P.O. Box 306, Regina, SK, Canada S4P 2N3

June-July, 1996____________________________~~~------------------------------BL~!g~!~~

Information on noise enforcement wanted The Barrhead RCMP Detachment is currently re earching the use of Decibel level recording instruments used to enforce noisy vehicle violation. Wc are also seeking information on any tatutes or Regulations currently in u e, involving the use of Decibel levels to enforce noi e levels. If any police service is using

Decibel equipment to enforce noise level regulations we would like to obtain this information to help develop our program. Please forward any information to:Sgt. D.C. Grotkowski, NCO flC RCMP, Barrhead, Alberta T7N fA3, Phone 403 6744848 or Fax 403674-601 7.

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The challenge is on! The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) invites you to join ~~~', " the members during The , '~ Id ' Scarlet Riders Challenge. Consistent with its ef',;;o;.qr~.. ~r forts to promote a fit and 'jii:1<J~~""""""~ • yc healthy work force, the E RCMP is launching its first-ever national bike relay. Thissummer, The Scarlet Riders will cross the country and will challenge all Canadians to cycle with them for a portion of the journey. The challenge will start on May 3rd in Victoria, British Colombia and end July 26th in StJohns, Newfoundland. Scarlet Riders will also gather messages about health and fitness from participants and residents in the 400 communities along the route. These messages will be carried in saddlebags made by members of aboriginal communities from across Canada, and will be delivered to a representative of the Federal Government at the end of the relay. The RCMP believes in the valueofafit and healthy police service. This is why it has put in place a health promotion and education program that supports members in theirquestto attain their fullest health potential. The Scarlet Riders Challenge is one of the main event in SummerActive ' 96. a ParticipAction program that promotes health and physical activities during the summer. For further information contact RCMP Media Relations Unit (613) 993-1085 .

fie. .

o .

Off Du ty Firearms In the U.S. it has been aregularpractice and in some cases written policy that police officers have to carry a handgun while off duty. They also carry a second handgun while working on duty. With the increase in violence in Canada' s more urban areas and the decrease in police strength I would be interested in how many agencies in Canada permit carrying guns off duty and/or carry back up guns on duty. Name withheld by Editor

Editor 's Notes Well how about it readers? Let us know about your policy orfeelings about this matter. f'm not sure about the violence part but no one can dispute the loss ofpolice numbers.

Magazina - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - \ D I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ June - July,

1996

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Get the facts straight I am writing to you in regards to an article which appeared in your April issue in the Blue Line ews Week section. The article was entitled "Ilunters Livid over Minor harges Laid Against Mountie "P A I I R ". I was one of the R. .M. P. officer involved in thi incident. It hould be made clear that there wa never any allegations of poaching other than by a group of malcontents who prote ted and for the most part had by their own admission been convicted of poaching offence. The killingofthree mooseon the la tdayof the ea on by one of my partner wa totally accidental and there was never any question that the killing of the three animals was anything but that. Rather than let an animal go to waste another hunter who had not killed hi moo e was allowed to tag one of the animal. We reported the entire incident to the Department of atural Re ource including the fa t we had allowed omeone to tag an animal. We told D R officials that we realized we had broken the law by allowing an individual to tag a m e which he had not shot and that we were prepared to pay the fine if they would lay the harge which carried a minimum fine of filly d llars to a maximum of three hundred ( 00) d lIar. Aller condu ting two investigations D R de ided that charges were not warranted. rhe local new media over a five month period continually printed articles in regards to thi incident and in many cases the facts were totally inaccurate and ba ed upon rumour and hear ay; however, thi made for great copy given the fact we were police officer. A arc ult of public pres ure an independent inve tigati n wa done by two members of the ntario Provincial Police. We were subsequently charged for the offence which we had asked to be charged for five months earlier and all received a fine of two hundred dollars. No one was demoted as you reported. fterwe had pled guilty the protesters were till not ati fied and as the editor of a local new paper put it" othing hortofflogging the three individual involved in a publi square would ati fy the prote t organizers." The bottom line i as police officer we can expect to have the news media blow things out of proportion and en ationalise in incident involving persons in authority; however, I feel we hould expect more from your magazine. You claim your magazine is designed to entertain, educate and upgrade the skills of tho e involved in the law enforcement profession. I mu t ay that neither I or may fellow workers found) our article entertaining or educational. I would uggestthat there are other major i ue whi h would deserve more attention then minor violation under the Fish & Wildlife t and that in the future if you intend to print an article involving police officers that you get

the facts straight if you want to have any credibility with your readers particularly when you are supposedly a National Law Enforcement Magazine.

Name withheld by editor

The article on page 27 in the May issue was in error about the False Alarm Policy of the London Police Force. Although this was mentioned to local alarm companies in order to get them motivated to clean up their act, we never did implement it. We do have a very effective ystem which we will be happy to share with your readers in your next edition.

Editor's NOles- The article referred to in this letter was a "house advertisement" promoting another publication produced by Blue Line on a weekly basis. This advertisement consists 0/ excerpts/rom stories we receivefrom news wire /eedsfrom across Canada. This publication is called "Blue Line News Week. " As the article indicated this story was not Blue Line 's but was from Canadian Press News Wire. We did alter the StOIY, however,for publishing in Blue Linewe removed the names and detachments from the wire story.

Edilor' ales- The article referred to was written by onitrol Security Systems and actually should have been placed under our "Industry Platform " column. It was the first 0/ three parts where the major alarm industries were invited to respond to this serious problem. Thanks/or bringing this 10 our attention and we look/orward to your article.

The Metropolitan Toronto Police Service was formed in 1957 as a result of a study of the amalgamation of 13 police services which encompassed five Boroughs and Townships surrounding the city of Toronto. At that time it was quickly recognized that there was considerable overlap in administration costs and jurisdiction which was not in the be t interests of the police service, the tax payer or the communities at large. The present patch was designed from the Metropolitan Toronto corporate seal with the word "Police" added. This crest was round and black with white threading. In the late 70's the patch was incorpo-

rated with colour. The Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto changed its corporate design at around the ame time and the Metro Pol ice Force decided to adopt the old municipal cre t as its own identifYing symbol. It was decided that the community as a whole identified with the cre t and Ie eonfu ion would be likely if the police and other civic employee wore different identifYing insignia. The element of the crest are a follow: -The circular patch is indicative of an ongoing continuity and is traditionally used as a symbol ofa never ending sequence of life. -The shield is the historical symbol of protection and strength; -The winged wheels of industry is situated at the top of the crest and is indicative of the importance of manufacturing in the region; -The two books enclosed on the hie ld are symbols of knowledge and represent the two universitie ( niversity of York and Toronto) which are encompas ed in the Metro region; -The Chevron in the middle of the shield is symbolic of housing and promotes the anetity of the home in conjunction with the Royal Crown within the chevron which implies the duty of Iler Majesty to protect her subject; - The Winged taff of Cadeuce i variously known as the staff of commerce and the symbol of medicine. Both of the e highlight the region's strong presence in both of these areas of human endeavour.

DIChie/E. Austin London Police Force

AI Evans is an avid patch collector and a past member ofthe Royal Canadian Mounted Police and Medicine Hat Police Department. He is stilI an active member of the International Police Association. AI has been diagnosed with Amyotrophic Sclerosis (A.L.S.) better known as Lou Gerhig's Disease which Is at present incurable and untreatable. All is no longer able to work and one of the few hobbies he still enjoys is police patch collecting. His goal is to have the largest and most complete patch and memorabilia collection in the country. He wishes to turn this collection over to the Medicine Hat Police Department. If you or your agency have a new, innovative or interesting patch send it along with a background story. Send all contiributions to: The AI Evans Collection 24 Stone Crescent S.E., Medicine Hat, Alberta T1 B 3K9

________________________________~~~____________________________ June - JUW,

~~~!z~!N_£

1996

MSH COLOR ASSESSMENT STRESS AND PERSONALITY INVENTORY INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Look at the nine color squares. 2. Without associating these colors with anything in particular, select the color that is most appealing to you. 3. Put an "X" through that color and put the number of the color in the "A" blank (answer section). 4. Look at the remaining "8" colors and select the next most appealing and mark the number in the "B" box on the answer sheet. 5. Continue until all the colors have an "X" through them and the answer boxes are full.

TO RECEIVE A REPORT: Fill in the information below and send cheque or money order for $20.00 to: MIND WORKS P.O. Box 377 Keewatin, Ontario POX 1CO Fax: (807) 543-3341 ABC

NAME: ADDRESS: _________________________

DDDDDDDDD A sessment Lenl Rcquircd

D ConJlict D Crisis D Ri sk

D Team

TELEPHONE / FAX # C-> ____ - _________

Please be advised that this information is totally confidential, at no time will it be used for a psychological assessment. Rather it is designed to identify ones self and gives the opportunity to better ones own personal life or career. THIS PROGRAM IS THE SOLE CANADIAN OWNERSHIP OF MIND WORKS. ALL TESTS WILL BE PROCESSED BY MIND WORKS. This page may be reprod uced as required. The color version is not required for analysis by Mind Works.

For further details about this test turn to page 14 in this issue.

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