Law enforcement is no fool's game! Modern law enforcement profe ionals need all the tools at their disposaI.The bigge t and mo t basic tool is Knowledge. Thejollowillg materiaL has been reviewed by Blue Lille Magazine alld are highly recommended to our readers. Described as a "Paper Police College". th is unique and comprehensive Canad,an text book is designed to instruct you in the workin of the Criminal Code
On orthe mOSluniquebooks ever written about the important topic of officer survival Ed Nowicki brings together the combined knowledge of 47 experts in a wide variety of fields related to a police officer's physical, emotional and professional survival. Every omcer should re.d this book.
of Can ad. inalo iul, cuy toreadrashion hconcludes each is ue with I true in -
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moods and tempcrmcnt
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o Tlctics for Irmed encounters Positive tactics designed to master real-life situations 403 pa orphotogrophs, d'agrams and hard lessons of real experience This book deals with positive tact ics omcers can employ on the street to effectively u etheirown firearms to defeat those of ISsailants
•11....
This book is about surviving high risk patrol Ad vanced material ideal for academ y and departmental training programs and for all law enforcement officen 554 pages with 750 photographs and drawings. This very real-life book will not only teach you about the "Tactical Edge" it will also help keep you on it
o $5 8.95 A Canadlln Criminal Code wntten by I cop for cops, thlJ book is unique In that it Milligan's has In index at the front of Correlated the book which puts rimirlminal nil Code sections in street od language in addition to the &Seleded formal terminol ogy For Fed r I this reason you will find the Sl!Ilut words " Shoplifting", " Ki ckback" and "she ll ' -_ _ _ _ _-' game" included with the appropriate section numbers provided $22.95
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ance or the Gibson's Detachment or the RCMP Enjoy this book and give Terry Barker's "System" a try It will prove to be one of your most valued tools
Based on journals Jack Watson keptduringhil rourye.r RCMP posting in the North, this book is alrlbute to the great Yukon spint of adventure and community ~""""M"'\I that still lingers on in our national psyche This book takes you through the ru ged lirestyle or a one-man RCMP detachment during '--_"::':"_..:.:..:1"'--' the 1930's
o $ 12.95
Ken Tuthill's face was blown off by a shotgun, A high-speed chase triPped Mike Buckingham in his ."",l~r.;;;;...." . burning cruiser, Mike ."Il!;t~Wi!l lihl. Thompson saved his lire from a team of ambushers; Steve Chaney couldn't stop a crazy man from killing his partner Haunted by these horrors these officers survived the events and the how in this video tape
o Video Cassette $75.95
$ 17.95 . - - - -- - - , One or the most unique books ever written lbout the modem supervisor in SuperviSOry the police proression. Ed Nowicki brings together the Survival combined knowiedgeorJ2 experts in a wide variety of fields related to what every supervisor has to know in the rast paced 90's Ir you are I supervisor or looking toward a manl erial pasi'--_ _ _ _ _-' tion in law enforcement you need this book
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1o.Ii~.IIIOiI1:llIll;"'~ Whatdidthejuryseeinthe courtroom in Simi Valley? I~M~~~~~ WU thejury'. verdict supported by the evidence? So that you can answer these '~:J=:I-'-r~ questions for yourself, this II. video hu condensed 150 hours or the trial down to less than two This also includes the complete 81 second amateur videotape that recorded the events which occurred during the :~~~~~~~ eveningorMarch3,1991
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Tony MacKinnon has a remarkable combination of artistic ability, sense of bizarre humour and worldly insight that only a cop could have This combination hu been the basis for a lot of good laughs over the five years he has been contributing canoons to Blue Line Magazine Hidden in the back of Tony's canoons is a cenain realism that only a cop can understand completely Some of the situations are bizarre or ofT-the-wall but so is much of police work Manycops identify with someofthesituations depicted by Tony or have found themse lves in just such a situation. The cartoons in this book are not as much a credit to the profession as they are a credit to the man depicting them
o $6.95 (Shipping is included on this item) Fill Ollt tlli "alldy order Jorm alld send by mail or save time by using ajax.
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Written by the author or "The Five Minute Policeman", this book was selected as the study text ror the U.S. Parla Service Police for promotionll candidates Evaluated by the Colle e training staff and staff psychologists around the world this book is must read material for anyone looking for managerial level careers
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January 1994 Volume 6 No.1
IN THIS ISSUE Features Cover Story A State of the Publication Address Female Officers Find Equlity In Germany Public Consultation On Young Offenders Act Extended Police 38 Special Revolver Declared Unsafe A Weapon At Maximum Refmement Letters To The Editor Plug Is Pulled On High Tech Pornographers Press Release: Life Is A Safer Highway News Beat Disgraced U.S. Cop Investigates Canadian Cops Free Place Mats Available Man Bites Dog ... Who Bites Back International Workshop On Chemical Labs Case Law Videotaped Confessions Superior To Notes Loud Party Can Be Mischief Product News Fax Service Bureau For Dissemination Improving Police - Media Relations Century Arms Delivers A Knockout With This "Punch" A Survivor: Constable Kevin Seamons Pistol Versus Revolvers: An Overview Disarming Police "Simple Madness" Police Chief Suggests Classified
3 5 6 9 10 11 12 14 16 18 18 28 19 20 28 22 23 24 26 27 29 30
List of Advertisers Aurora Technologies Barrday Body Armour Bates Shoes Beacon Turning Targets Beretta Bowmac Gunpar Carswell Publishing CaseManager Charlton Distributors Crisys Management Systems Concept Seating Conium Computers
Out O/The Blue
11 20 32 11 4 19 15 27 23 26 21 28
Glock Memories Motorola Nicholls Distributors Nine-One-One Outerwear Pro Carry Systems Ram Sportswear Second Chance Smith & Wesson StreetQuip Strohn Systems Supplies In Demand
8 7 17 31 29 9 30 25 13 30 7 19
By David Bluestein His mother just lodged a complaint. She didn't like his attitude when he gave her a ticket!
Officer Serge Cote of the Varennes Police Department, Quebec, demonstrates the MR-35 Punch gun distributed by Century International Arms in Montreal. This amazing new weapon is an example ofthe type of weapons available which are designed to incapacitate but not kill. Modem policing requires innovative ideas and this is a fine example ofa first-resort type of weapon. See more in this month's story on page 24. This is the first issue of our sixth year of publishing and we have filled it to the brim with information for you. We have also started a few new things including a page designed for a Press Release (see page 16). Each month we will be presenting you with a Press Release that can be copied and given to a local media person or newspaper for insertion locally. We have included a place for you to insert your local Departmental crest if you wish. No credits are necessary and all material is copyright free. Topics will include material that should take a little pressure off the local media person. Another plus will be consistency in messages from place to place. Topics in these articles will include statistics, crime prevention information or simply nice to know tips. If you have a Press Release you are particularly proud of in your area feel free to fax it to us and we will consider it for inclusion. (Fax Number is 1-800-563-1792). Your departmental crest will be placed in the example badge area so other agencies will know the source. We here at Blue Line Magazine would like to take this opportunity to wish you all the best in the New Year and we look forward to serving you in 1994.
Beretta 'D' Models: Everything you like about a revolver...
... and more.
15 plus One Ev ifth fi 1and fun tion ofa tandard revolver is econd nature to you, you'll make a remarkably ytransition to th B tta (9rnrn) or 96D (.40 caliber). ur D m el are double action only erni pistols. They offer many of the same qualities of a tandard revolver, but with va tly uperior saf1 ty, reliability and firepower. Beretta D Models are known for the total reliability that ha mad the tta lh handgun of choi e of thousand oflaw enforcement agencies and police forces in over 50 countries. They are availabl in tand d and the new full capacity compact Centurion model. B tta Mod offer th sam length of trigger travel a a standard police revolver, with th act same mooth trigger pull nr hot Lik th revolver the B tta" lick lide" D Seri pi tols have no external safety lever or decocking I ver. Th firing m chani m remain uncocked until you pull the trigger, so while your D Model is at t, it is also ready for in tant a ti n. It all add up to quicker, more confident tran ition training. Plu the life saving advantage of15+1firepower for th 92D mm d 10+1 for th 96D. 0 cal. Excellent rea on to consider our D Model . tta' commitment to Canadian law enforcement is built around a full line of quality products, in-depth training and U' .ffi t mpreh n ive produ t upport available anywhere. To et up a demonstration, ~ nta l tta... rp., Law Enforcement Division, 17601 Beretta Drive, ccokeek, ~ . aryland 2 07, (301) 2 3-2191. ~fI. ll<; since 1526
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Ekll'lIa /) Mod Is aro availabk ill 9111m alld.40 caL ill full siu alld OmlurWll cOllfiguratiolls. TIzree dot sight system /alldarn. 7HliuJII /filltllnillatillg lIight igills available. I!) Copyright 1993, Ekrelta U.S.A. Cort>.
IN C
ADA: 15 Sun Harbour Road S.E.•
CaJg~~rt;x:~~~~ 3A5.
Volume 6 Nymber 1 - Janyary 1994
- EDITOR I PUBLISHER Morley S. Lymburner Phone (905) 640-3048· FAX (905) 640-7547
- Contributing Editors James Oalueg Craig Best Gino Arcaro Robert Holston Neil V. Thompson Tom Rataj
Weapons & Tactics Survival Tactics Case Law Supervisory Principles Peer Counselling Computers & Technology
- ADVERTISING Morley Lymburner
(Toronto)
Phone (905) 640·3048 FAX (905) 640·7547
Ron Ganton
(Vancouver)
Phone (604) 274·3849 FAX (604) 274·9091
Richard Hubbard
(United States)
Toll Free (800) 268·5503 Fax (905) 513·1377
- CONTRIBUTING WRITERS Gary Miller Richard DuPlain Craig Best Blair McQuillan Neil Thompson Morley Lymburner - ILLUSTRATION Tony MacKinnon Bette Clark Dave Sills Dave Bluestein BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Mary K. Lymburner, M.Ed. Blu. Un. Millmn. is pubtished monthly, September 10 June, by Blue Line Magazine IllCOIJXl'ated with a mailing address of: 12A·4911 Hwy. 7 East, St•. 254, Martham. Ontario, L3R lNl. Editorial and copy is considered to be complelely separa1e from advertising sales. No C<lfmi1ment for editorial co....age can form any pM of a sale agreement All anicles are protec1ed by copyrighl No pili of this publiclltion may be neproduced or b"anSllitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and n!COI'ding or by any Infoonation S\Il(age or rebieval system WIthout permission from the pul>isher. The authors. advisors and pubtisher accept no Uabitity whatsoever for any Injuries to persons or property resulting from the application or adoption of any of the procedures, tactics or consideratIOnS presenled in this magazine. Readers are cautioned and advised thatarticles prasenled herein are edited and supplied foryourpersonal awareness and should not be used forfurthe( action until appropria1e advice and guidance is received from a supervisor or Crown Attorney. Blue Line Magazine is an Independant pubtication designed to eotBltain. educilUl and upgrade the sldtls of those involved in the law enforcement profession. no direct control from a law enforcement agency and its opinions and articles do not necessarily reftectthe optnions of any government police, or law enforcement agency.
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A State Of The Publication Address By Morley Ly mburner - Publisher It is in our nature to look upon each coming year with optimism and so it goes with Blue Line Magazine. The past year, upon reflection, appears to be a watershed year for Blue Line. Many radical changes took place. Some were positive and some negative. As in most of life itself many things appeared to be negative atthe time but later events proved them to be positive. 1993 was certainly a year of turmoil and change for this magazine but upon reflection it is all necessary if we are to grow . The last quarter of 1993 certainly appears to be much brighter in all aspects of the magazines operation and we look forward with great expectations for 1994. The past year has shown the writing on the wall for the future of policing in this country. Governments at all levels are just now coming to the realization that tax expenditures are going to have to be brought under control. Gone are the days of freewheeling expenditures and routine increases in budgets. To this end Blue Line has recruited some very impressive people to supply valuable information in up-coming issues. A few of our plans for 1994 should be of interest to you . All government agencies at all levels are going to have to justify their existence in ways never before asked of them . The problem is magnified by the high number of experienced personnel leaving police forces . So much so that there are probably few people on staff that really know how to set the budgets and properly project there needs. To assist in combating this problem Blue Line is setting up a series of articles written by two well qualified economic professors on how to set up an appropriate budget for police forces . This series will be the heaviest and most ambitious series this magazine has ever endeavoured and will be tantamount to a "Police Economics 101 " course at a college. We will be dedicating the space to th is series but it is not to be read in isolation. To getthe full impact you must have access to the entire series in proper sequence. 1 would strongly urge people to subscribe to ensure they receive every part of this most important series. Getting back to basics is a subject of intense interest to many agencies and Blue Line will be presenting several articles over the next year that will see qualified writers explain methods of getting a bigger bang for the bandits out there. Cutbacks in many areas will probably see many members doing double-duty in a
last ditch effort to hold on to hard fought for programs. Butmany agencies are throwing in the towel and going back to response oriented policing like the old days. This style sees officers back in patrol cars and responding to calls only. There is no room for crime prevention when your staff is working in a response oriented war-zone. Over the next year Blue Line will be seeking out articles and resources available to cope with the problems of stress in the work place. This will include coping mechanisms both on and off the job. Another series will present a hard dose of realism with a series entitled "The Gray Beneath The Blue" which will point out the aging of the police profession. Many of its symptoms are already here and agencies are going to have to come to terms with the positives and negatives of this syndrome. As a little teaser you may be interested to know that the acquisition of Pepper Spray is, in part at least, responding to the needs of an aging police force. On the technology front Blue Line will be continuing its quest for police patrol helicopters and news and information about how to obtain, finance and utilize these machines to the advantage oflaw enforcement and'crime prevention. Other topics of interest will include non-lethal weaponry, photo imagery, computerized records management, digital communications and electronic surveillance. Technology has permitted law enforcement to make great strides over the past thirty years. Statistics show that the average police officer today handles triple the workload of the average officer from 1964. This is due to a combination oftechnological advancements, innovative policing styles and the more educated and technically aware officers of today. Today's officers are more able to handle change and take it in stride. The job of this magazine is to keep these people informed as to what changes have occurred and the reasons for the necessity for the change. Blue Line has been proud of its reputation of slaying the "Mushroom Makers" who have never been able to answer the simple question put to them by so many. WHY? The simple answer, "because its always been done that way," is just not good enough any more. Any officer who wishes to remain a mushroom in this day and age will soon wither under the light. And how is this all going to happen you may ask? Just watch us in 941
J,-a-n-u-a-ry-,-1-9-9-4-----------------------------------------------------------------~~~~----------------------------~~ ~~~~~~ .~~~~
Female Officers Find More Equality In German Policing Of The 90's Typical of many other German law enforcement agencies, this class of recruits from the province ofBavaria reflects modern thinking and realization of the true value ofwomen in law enforcement. Playing a catch-up game, this class of30 consisted of I8female recruits.
by Heinz Hachenberg Only in the last three years have the Police orces in Germany hired female officers to hare the uniformed duties with their male colleagues. The known former erman Democratic Republic (East Germany) had uniformed female Police Officers ince 1945. In then West Germany, the only females hired by the Police were Detectives, who do not wear uniforms at all (Kriminalpolizei Criminal Police). ince the two Germanys reunited in 1990, and former East Germany was split into five new provinces. The former western provinces started to recruit female officer . Mo t of the former East German female police officers were taken over by the now reigning erman government, but changed
their uniforms to the current one, previously only worn in West Germany. This article is dedicated to the female police officers in the Province of Bavaria. At present 109 fema le uniformed police officers are serving in different Bavarian police districts. What are the qualifications one must have in order to be accepted by the German police? Here are some details of the hiring procedure. For young applicants in the regular police force the minimum age is 16 years and for the highest age to apply the applicant can not be older then 26 years. The training in a police college as well as duties in the precinct during that time are compulsory. The duration is two years and eight months. The applicant must be a German na-
tional , can not have any convictions, has to pass a written and physical test, has to have a degree as a lifeguard and must have a minimum of 1.60 metres in height. To qualify the applicant has to have either a High School Degree, Public School Degree and terminated Apprenticeship or a Degree ofaqualified professional school. To enter the police force with the qualifications to become a senior officer (Inspector to Chief) the applicant has to have a College Degree and the duration of the Police Officers College is three years. Anyone that has the above qualifications can become an officer, male or female. Once accepted by the Police the applicant starts in the first step of the Police College as Police Cadet with a course of twelve month duration. The theoretical course consists of the following elements: Police Duties, General Police Codes, Criminal Law, Employee Rights, Political Education, English Language, Cope with Conflicts, Leadership, Task Force Education and Ethics. The practical course covers the following fields ; Operational Technics, Sports, Self-defence, Firing Range, First Aid Course, Information and Communication Technics, identification and Forensic Education and Drivers School for Trucks. After completing the first stage of twelve months, the applicant is promoted to Constable and will then begin the second step ofhislher education with a duration of again twelve months. During the second period he/she will be assigned to a police station or a district headquarters for duties such as typing, operating computers, duties beh ind the desk and with the public. After three months of internal duties the recruit will then go out with a partner to participate on R.I.D.E.
~~~~~~~==============~ 6 }-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ January, 1994
programs, Street and Highway Patrols, Ri- being grabbed by an arrested person and ots and duties at soccer games or other possibly receive injuries to the head. It festivities . Also during the second period surely would be an advantage for the feof twelve months the new officer is sent out male officer ifher hair would not be worn with the forensic team as well as with as open as it is in Germany. detectives in order to study more criminal The pay structure is enforced by the laws. Government. There are There are no pay thirteen pay groups, and duties in Geras a new officer you start at the bottom. After a many. It is even certain time, set by govagainst the law, to operate a private ernment for all government employees, business while be(even nurses) you auing a police officer. tomatically climb to After the twelve the next pay group. months, the new ofAfter fifteen years of ficer will enter the third stage ofhislher duty you have reached the highest training program, group level and stay which means back to there until you eischool for a period of five and a halfmonths. ther resign or reHere the new officer ceive pension. will write exams and Pension in Gerwill also undergo theomany is approximately 70 % of retical examinations of situations that could ocyour last pay . ecru itcur during police duties . T Us" boasts a r I Also, every poAfter passing the third "T Il e Best,~,::o;e~ig~ ed t~ attrareot,:::ro~.':' lice officer or stage the officer wi 11 then illg palll,P Bavariall pollee. p tile illclu- other governbest to tIe . co rp 0 ra tes . I alwayS 1/1 mentemployee go through the final two- III atetra ales and-a-half months o ftra in- sio/! of felll is fully insured, in. cluding his family members. The insuring. Every officer that passed the third stage is automatically pro- ance also covers dental care, prescriptions moted to Polizeihauptwachtmeister and all hospital bills. The deduction for (equivalent to a corporal). This period will insurance is ten percent of your net pay. include duties with recruits ofthe police as This is again divided, meaning the officer or government employee pays 5% and the well as regular duties as a police officer. There is only one thing that would employer, in this case the government, bother me if I were a chief of police in since the police in Germany is run by the regard to my female officers. The choice Federal Government, the remaining 5% of the female officer has in how to wear her the cost. hair. Here in Canada as well as in the There are no Police Services Boards, United States female officers must have and the authority of each city or province their hair braided or combed back, not only lies in the hands ofthe Chief of Police or the to look neat in uniform , but also to prevent Minister ofIntemal Affairs of the Province.
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~~----------------------------~------~ ~~ -" January, 1994 --------------------------------~~ ~~~~-------~~~
"YOU CAN'T ABUSE A
FIREARMA D
EXPECT IT
TO PERFORM."
o Whoever made the rules obviously never owned a Glock..
further, a Glock. gives you better accuracy and higher velocity.
These guns are the direct result of ingenious engineering. They
After we put a Glock. through all of this, we fInlsh iI. With a
have very few parts, even fewer mov1ng parts, so there's less
remarkable Tentfer treatment that makes the sl1de on a Glock. al-
to wear out or break. Maintenance Is simple. Reliability a given.
most as hard as a diamond. And just about as Illrroston res1slant.
A Glock handgun Is also strong. Virtually Indestructible.
All of this engineering and technology bolls down to one
The frame Is constructed of a tough polymer that can't break
Important point: a Glock. handgun will perform when you need
down or corrode. Even saltwater won't hurt this stuff.
It to. There's even one that's f1red more than 347,000 rounds.
And the barrel features something called hammer-forged
If you still need proof of a Glock.'s durability, consider this:
rilling. Which, In technical terms, means one piece of bar stock.
we froze one In a block of tee, sub-
Is compressed around a mandrill and the rilling Is hammered
merged ilin saltwater for 50 hours,
In rather than cut In as In most guns. In plain Engllsh, iI means
took iI out and shook iI off.
an Incredlbl.y strong barrel with smoother surfaces. Translated
Then used iI to make this ad.
Now Here's An Offer You Can't Refuse
Public Consultation On Young Offenders Act Extended ber IS be extended. The Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, the Honorable Allan Rock, announced on December 2, 1993, that the period ofconsultation on the Young Offenders Act will be extended to JanuC ANADA aryI5,1994. A public consultation paper entitled Toward Safer Communities: Violent and Repeat Offending by Young People, was released in September. Approximately 700 responses had been received by December 2, 1993 and many Canadians have asked that the original deadline of Nov em-
"By extending the deadl ine date to midJanuary, I hope to receive more contributions from the general public, social service organizations and from provincial and territorial government agencies," said Mr. Rock "Among other things, we will look at the possibility of increasing sentence lengths available for violent crimes, developing a category of dangerous youth offenders and at ways of ensuring rehabilitation and treatment for all young offenders being held in custody," he concluded. Comments may be forwarded to the Young Offenders Project , Department of Justice Canada, 239 Wellington Street, Ottawa , Ontario, KIA OH8. Copies ofthe consultation paper are available from the Communications and Consultation Branch at (613) 957-4210.
Blue Line Magazine is offering five free issues of the magazine to people new to the proffession and students. This offer is on-going and a policy of the magazine. If you have less than one year with any law enforcement agency or are a student enrolled in any college or university course related to law enforcementyou qualify. In addition if you are an instructor at any of these institutions or agency's college, you can get your subscription free by encouraging new members and students to take advantage of this offer. Simply send along your address information , agency or college, and when you were appOinted. We will book you for the next five issues free of charge. If you wish to continue subsribing pay the invoice you get. If you do not wish to continue don't pay it and we will stop. Instructors can send their information on college letterhead to qualify for an ongoing free subscription.
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January, 1994 - - - -- -- - - - - - - - - - - Il . J -
history that a widely used weapon has been Police 38 Special Revolver Declared Unsafe declared legally unsafe. The order places
'It
time to get innovative real fast "
every police commission and police chief in the country at risk of civil repercussions if they do not show reasonable diligence at removing the weapon from use. But the job is not as simple as removal of the weapon. The fmancial impact of compliance is expected to be astronom ical. The purchase of the weapons themselves is expected to be the least of the problems. Added expenses will include new holsters, re-training of training officers, training of individual officers themselves and the big problem of disposal of a weapon declared unsafe. Other collateral problems involve such things as range safety regarding airborne lead contaminates, adequacy of body armour, acquisition of ammunition and disposal of old ammunition. As one police inspector put it, "it's time to get innovative real fast." Innovation is the name of the game indeed and a quick survey of the main firearms manufacturers in the U.S. and their Canadian distributors reveal they are ready to do just that. " But even their best efforts may not be able to get blood out of a stone," said one chief. He was responding to the major governmental cut backs that sees the slashing of many essential services across the country. " If the province dosen ' t come up with the money we will have to burden an overstretched budget planning committee even more." Release this month of the Ontario Provincial Police implementation plan should prove to be quite interesting. Blue Line will be following this story in future issues.
By Morley Lymburner The Ontario olicitorGeneral and Minister of orrectional ervices, David hristopherson received two Occupational Health and afety Act orders on October 15 , 1993 , which may require drastic change to ntario Provincial Police ftrearms and will have a ripple effect across th country. The orders were issued following a Ministry of Labour investigation which reviewed the health and safety aspects, or lack there of, regarding O.P.P .. 38 calibre tandard i ue revolvers . " My ministry has a fundamental concern for public safety, including the safety province, filed a complaint under the ocof police officer . We are committed to cupational Health and Safety Act. making the appropriate police equipment The Act requires the employer to take and training available to ensure the highest every precaution reasonable in the cirdegree of afety for everyone in Ontario," cumstances for the protection ofa worker. The Ministry of Labour investigation he aid. The Ministry of Labour began to ex- found that the .38 calibre revolver had amine police firearms under the provisions consistantflaws such as involuntary cockof the ntario Health and afety Act fol- ing, accidental discharge and problems lowing a complaint from an O.P.P. officer encountered while reloading the weapon. The Occupational Health and Safety that the standard issued .38 calibre revolver provided a less than adequate level order directs the Ministryof the Solicitor of safety in the performance of his job. General and Correctional Services, as the The inve tigation did infact reveal that employer ofthe Ontario Provincial Police there were workplace safety concerns sur- to "provide protective equipment approrounding the u e of the .38 calibre revolver. priate to comply (with the order) and any A are ult the Ministry of the olicitor requirements for transitional training. " Sources indicate the repercussions of eneral and orrectional ervices, in conultation with the Ontario Provincial Po- this order have far reaching affects across lice As ociation has been instructed to the country and indeed across North prepare a compliance plan to develop solu- America. This is the ftrst time in Canadian tion to thi ongoing issue. The pecific problems identified inOntario Ministry Of Labour cluded the ease and time involved in reOperations Division loading and the occasional and involunOccupational Health & Safety tary cocking and accidental discharge of Project Report. Order Continuation the revolvers. he plan to provide change to address Pursuant to Section 25(2)(h) o/the Occupational Health and Safety Act Ihe the e problem must be filed with the Minemployer has/ailed to take every precaution reasonable in the circumstances/or i try of Labour by January 15, 1994. the protection 0/ workers Issued with 38 CaL revolvers under circumsllllfces imultaneou memos were sent out by where the revolver can accidentally become cocked, as noted In concerns both the ntario Provincial Police Assonumber two (2) and three (3) on page five 0/ the allached report and under ciation and to all enior command officers circumstances where workers must reload the gun while exchangingfire In the by ommissioner Tom O'Grady. An edperformance 0/ their duties where their health and safety Is at risk, as noted in ited copy of the memo reads as follows; concern number one (1) o/page/our o/the attached report. "The employer of the Ontario Pursuant to Section 57, Subsection" o/the Occupational Health and Safety Provincail Police has been orderedtby the Act, the employer Is required to submit a compliance plan outlining the measures Health and afety Division ofthe Ministry to be taken to comply with order #001 including a schedule 0/compliance taking of Labour, to provide appropriate and illto consideratioll the type o/protective equipment appropriate to comply with ad quate side arms 10 Ontario Provincial order #001 alld any requirements/or transitional training. It Is recommended Police Officer to better protect the officthat the employer consult with any workplace parties whleh it determines are er and the public. affected by this order in the developmellt o/the compliance plan. november 19, 1991, the Ontario This compliance plan shall be submitted to the Ministry 0/ Labour on or Provincial Police A sociation which repbe/ore January 17, 1994 rent the 4,506 officers who police the
r---------------------------------- Jalluary, 1994
A Weapon At Maximum Refinement
The revolver is a long established weapon in police work and one that has both its admirers and detractors. As most people agree, however, it is a weapon that has reached its peak of refmement. Therejustisn'tmuchmore that can be done to the weapon to make it any better. Many products exist as work-around problem solvers for the weapon's limitations but the weapon itself has remained unchanged for the past 90 years. In 1831 the American inventor Samuel Colt conceived a design for a pistol with a series of six revolving chambers feeding one barrel, andhired a gunsmith in Hartford, Connecticut, to perfect it. At about the same time the American gunsmith Edwin Wesson was developing a similar pistol. Colt won the British and American patent rights to the weapon in 1835 and 1836. Since then he has been officially acknowledged as the inventor of the ftrst modem revolver. Colt's idea was far from original, however and infactthe revolving principle had even been tried with matchlock pistols two centuries earlier. In the interim there were literally hundreds of gunsmiths who fashioned similar weapons in a small scale. Both the Colt and Wesson weapons were cap and ball revolving chambers which meant they required a ball be placed in each chamber and powder filled in behind the ball and a primer behind this. The problem of misfiring and inaccuracy was troublesome. In 1870 the American inventors Horace Smith and Daniel Baird Wesson (son ofEdwin) developed and began to produce a metallic rim-fire cartridge, and their adoption ofa metal primer into the rear of the metallic case resulted in the present form of small-arms ammunition. It caused the evolution of the revolver to the modem day Police Special 38 frrst produced in 1905. Jalluary, 1994
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Letters TO TIie Liitar Informative and interesting Again r would like to take this opportunity to thank you for an informative and interesting publication . I enjoy reading your variou articles on case law etc. Keep up the good work.
Bouquets Of Thanli.S FrODl. Constable Riehard Sonnenberg'S FamilE. .,,' ~ , j
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O.J. Blinn Fredericton, New Brunswick Blue Line a fine piece of work As a ubscriber to Blue Line, I wish to take this opportunity to commend you for your tand in not perm itting advertising by ay uff. For every homosexual and gay activist that threatens to boycott your fine magazine, I believe that there will be 98 straight cops that will back you and your decision. Blue Line is a fine piece ofwork! Let's keep it that way!
Thomas R. Buchenauer hilliwack, Briti h Columbia Radionicsl What is that? nclo ed is my cheque to subscribe to your magazine "The Blue Line". As your magazine says - " to understand subscribe" o I am! I thank all of you for your dedication and ervice. We cannot do without you. You are special people to take on this job. I am wondering, as radionics is quite new are you using it yet in police science? Ifso what do you think the possibilities for the future u e of it are? P - How many police officers and departments are involved with your magazine?
Arleigh B. Haynes Vancouver, British Columbia Editor' Note I> Anyone know about "Radionics '? I don 't think 1 have heard ofthis. If anyone know about this drop me a line. 2 > Bille Line prints ,000 magazines per month (that means 0,000 copies per year and getting stronger). We cover 522 police department and 320 private security and other investigative bodies across Canada. We also deliver to 1,239 Detachments of the R MP, QPP and OPP.
Through words we cannot begin to express the thoughts our hearts would like to say. This special city opened its hearts and embraced our family with an overwhelming outpouring of caring, warm friendship and love . We have found courage in your continuing support and great comfort in knowing Rick was loved by so many. Hundreds of thousands have shared in our grief, and yet, so many of you found the generosity in your hearts to touch our lives in very special ways that will always be remembered . We would like to extend our deepest and most sincere Thanks to the thousands of people across Canada for the most beautiful floral tributes, heartfelt expressions of sympathy and generous donations to countless charities and trusts in memory of our beloved Rick. Our warmest thoughts to Rick' s second family, the members of Calgary Police Service, for the great joy you brought to his life and the pride in his heart which grew with commendations and awards you honoured him with . His love for you was second only to the never ending love for his Jennifer. Our appreciation also to the large majority of media who demonstrated restraint, support, responsibility and sensitivity in their reporting. We are grateful to the people who shared with us the wonderful moments you spent with Rick and lightened our spirits when we needed you so much. And to the very special people through their many kind and thoughtful ways, left a smile in our hearts that will be cherished always. Our dearest love to you Ricky for always sharing with us your winning sm ile, caring and loving nature and bringing a great Country together by giving us your dream. I promise, we will unite to make it come true. We would like to share with you a part of Rick' s notes and hope they also bring you comfort. "Rem ember m e. R em ember our times together. I am part ofyour memory, of your character. As 10llg as hearts rem ember alld as long as hearts
still care, we never part with those we love as they're with us everywhere." May the warmest memories remain .
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Technology Plug Is Pulled As High Tech Pornographers Busted By Tom Ratajomputer: and Technology Editor
distribute much of this material. A Quebec CD-ROM producer even duplicates adult CD-ROM discs, with such titles as "The interactive adventures of Seymore Butts", for American software publishers who can't get their own disc duplicators to produce them because of anti-pornography pressures. What makes aU these distribution methods so difficult to locate and prosecute is that anywhere a computer can be setup and connected to a telephone line becomes a potential storage and distribution point. Dependent on the setup, most of the
Ten earch warrants relating to the obscenity and new child pornography sections of the riminal Code, as well sections of the opyright Act were executed during October 1993 by officers from the Metro Toronto Police Major Crime quad and Project " P' (a joint Forces anti-pornography task force) . But what separates these raids from the norm , is that all the allegedly pornographic material eized was stored on desktop computer in an electronic form .. The material was being made availmaterial postedalthough on a BBSsubscribers is put thereand by able and distributed by a number of the operator, individuals operating electronic bulleother casual users can also post any files, including those that tin board services (BB ) from their residence . .,r'/ may be deemed obscene or u tomerscouldsimplydial( pornographic. .....,... _--,........ One operator up the BB using a computer modem , can through and ~~~~(~~~~J\~~~~ij:m\ -4~\;':~W~~:.~. quoted in a local comdown-load any files they .;:::.:\::::{:*~ puter newspaper, indiwanted and view the materials ~~~~;:'?/' cated itwasnotuncom'h~·!\~~{r~'·~ in the privacy of their own mon to have as many as home. .~~t..i~S~l~~I~~~\~~~~~~~i~'i&.~~~~~~~ii:*~:f~;j;~~~i~~:i;(;~· 70 MB of files posted on his system on any given day. During Criminal Code & Copyright a recent audit of his system, he encounment seized and forfeited to the Crown. Charges tered electronic images ofa woman having The information stored on BBS is not sex with an animal, adults engaged in bondThe privately run BB , which operated restricted to pornographic and copyrighted age, and some images advertised as featurunder uch names as The Looney Toon materials, but also includes other informa- ing underage people. A ylum, Outhou e, The Gateway, Albino tion subject to restrictions. Rumours were A number ofBBS operators have comGoat rematorium, The Penitentiary, the rampant during the last several months plained about accountability, suggesting Playroom, and infinite Realms-were also about information from the Karla Hamolka that they cannot be held entirely respons icharged under the opyright Act for post- trial, which was subject to a publication ble for the files posted on their systems. ing program files for major business appli- ban imposed by court order. Details of the Their complaints are somewhat valid, altrial were apparently openly discussed on though I suspect they would be found cation such a WordPerfect and others. A total of 4 charges under the Copy- various BBS "chat" lines, along with nu- responsible if the issue were subject to prosecution. right Act, 6 charges of Distributing Ob- merous unsupported rumours. Clearly the ability of BBS operators cene Materials and 5 charges ofDistribut"Adult" Files Widely Available ing hild Pornography under the Criminal and the police to monitor all the files posted ode were also laid. on systems on a daily basis is extremely All the computer equipment used to In the past several years there has been limited, especially because many of the tore and di tribute the materials was also an explosion in the number of adult files private BBS operators don ' t advertise their eized. In re ponse to the raids, a number available not only from BBS, but also systems. In fact most of the BBS's recently oflarger commercial BB operators in the through numerous shareware distributors. raided in Toronto were only discovered by Toronto area have deleted or restricted Much of the material is simply of question- on-line word of mouth . a ce to all their " adult" files . able taste, or falls into the same general ot only doe a conviction for distrib- category as popular monthly adult publicomputer Prices Dropping uting child pornography carry a stiff maxi- cations. mum p nalty (10 yrs), but also the possiCD-ROM (CompactDisc- Read Only With the price of personal computers bility of having all the computer equip- Memory) discs are also now being used to and peripherals dropping regularly, the
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~~~~~~~~==========================~1~4t============================== JanUary,J994
technology required to operate and access BBS and CD ROM has dropped to the point where a few hundred dollars buys all the hardware needed. With the modem, an individual has access to an almost unlimited supply of mostly free "adult" files on numerous BBS, while outlets that rent CD-ROM discs and other software are becoming more common every day .
81ue Une Subscription Drtler Form Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Phone _ _ _ _ __ Address
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Keeping Up With The Times Investigative skills and resources must be kept current with the fast pace of modem technology, or a whole variety ofcrimes will be committed without us having the ability to deal with them effectively. Most police forces probably already have a number of resident computer hackers with sufficient skills, knowledge, and hardware to begin investigations of these and other computer based crimes. Although the question remains whether they can afford to investigate them.
NEWCRIMINALCODESECfION 163.1 Bill C-128, passed by Parliament back in June 1993, created the new offences and penalties relating to child pornography. The new Criminal Code section, 163.1 deals with Child Pornography by providing the defmition of. what it is - 163.1 (1), and the defmitions and maximum penalties for; a Making Child Pornography - 163.1 (1)-10Yearsorbysummaryconviction, Distribution or Sale of Child Pornography - 163.1(3) -10 years or by summary conviction, and a Possession of Child Pornography163.1(4) - 5 years or by summary conviction. Subsections of 163.1 includes legal defences to the charge, and sections 164( 1-7) also speaks towards the issue. Section 164 of the Code was also amended to include powers of search and seizure for child pornography, while section 462.3 (Proceeds of Crime) was also amended to deal with it. To control the flow of material across the border the Customs Tariff Schedule VII was also amended to allow for the seizure ofthe material. The new Carswell Pocket Criminal Code is up to date with this information
a
January, 1994
POllCE POWERS
FAXABLE ORDER FORM o YES, please send me _ _copy(ies) of The Police Officer's Manual, 13th Edition for a 30 day risk-free guarantee. 0-459-55234-1 December 1993 softcover 708 pp . $29.50
The Police Officer's Manual 13th Edition Edited by Gary P. Rodrigues This manual provides a summary of the criminal law of Canada, designed specifically for police officers, and arranged in a handy encyclopedic format. The 13th edition incorporates the recent law-and-order amendments to the Criminal Code including the new offences of criminal harassment; making, distributing or possessing child pornography; and the intercepting and misuse of cellular telephone communications. Extensive amendments to the Firearms and Weapons Offences, and Wiretapping Offences are incl uded in the updated coverage of those offences. 0-459-55234-1 December 1993 softcover 708 pp . $29 .50 Multiple copy discounts available. Shipping and handling are extra, Price subject to change without notice and subject to applicable taxes,
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.. .press release ... press release ... press release A Press R elease From Your Community Police (Permission is granted to copy)
Life Is A Safer Highway A Year In Review The idea of be coming involved in an accident which causes injury or Pin.. Your em/II.,. death is no more than a fairy tale to som motorists until they become ne of the statistics recorded in a pamphlet recently produced by Transport anada. Interestingly this brochure was one that reinforces the idea we are all subject to mortali ty no matter who we are. ccording to the information r I a ed by Transport anada, during the first six months of 1993 there were 1 433 road users killed a ro s anada. This is a 5% decrea compared to the number of fatalitie record d during the same time la t year. This total was also an 11 .7% decrea e in the number of traffic related deaths for the same p riod of time over the last three year . By th close of 1992, there was a noticeable decline in the total numb r of collisions and casualties. Th numb r of collisions resulting in a fatality or injury for ' 92 was 171 723. This number indicated a decrea e of 1,397 casualties from the previous year and is the lowest r corded total in the past eight years. Per onal injury as a result of a r p rtable vehicle crash declined by a slight margin (208) to 248,990 injured. In k eping with a noticeable and favourable trend the sum offatalitie (which came to 3,485), marked a fifteen-year low in that
companied with the statistics which indicate most accidents in 1992 occurred during daylight hours and in N Canadian summer months, the theory of an C') Motor Vehicle epidemic that causes some sort of C') Traffic Collision ,.... Statistics sun- blindness in midsummer seems almost rational. What these statistics actually tell us is motorists are simply not always as cautious and alert in good weather. The fact is speed plays a large role in most accidents. On clear days a driver is more at ease on the road. As a result ofthis comfort the motorist will be inclined to increase the vehicle' s speed. When the speed increases so does the chance of an accident. In 1992, the number of traffic Collected In cooperation with the Canadian Council of Motor Transport collisions causing fatalities in rural Administrators TP 3322 areas were almost 52 percent higher T,.n""," han,,,,,,,. Canad1a·1 than those of urban areas where the Canada Canac1a speed limit was 60 km/h or less. When one reads the statistics, particular category. however, it becomes apparent, and However, with all of the great almost pleasing, to see most motoraccomplishments motorists made ists are finally beginning to get the in this country throughout 1992, it message. Thanks to police drinking would appear they still have a little driver countermeasure programs, left to learn. For example, clear community based initiatives and of (cloudy or sunny) days accounted course, publications such as this, for 77% of the total personal inju- average citizens are starting to realries and 79% of the total fatalities. ize a vehicle can be a dangerous To put this in perspective the weapon. average motorist would have a 70% Your local police are responsiincreased chance of being killed ble for the safety of the public. Much and a 63% increased chance of be- of the real responsibility, however, ing injured on days when the driv- remains with the individual. One ing conditions are excellent as com- simple step is to cut down the odds pared to rainy or foul weather days. of injury by wearing your seatbelts. _ _ _ _ 30 _ _ __ When weather conditions are ac-
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··.news beat ... news beat ... news beat Disgraced U.S. Cop Hired To Investigate Canadian Cops A Toronto newspaper found a disgraced e -police officer from the United States wa recently hired to investigate police office rs suspected of wrongdoing. T oronto un olumni s t, Chri stie Blatchford, found that a man hired by ntario 's peci allnvestigations Unit was him se lf di missed for wrongdoing from th e Broward oun ty heri ffs office in 1985. Blat c h f ord stated in her column on December 14th, that a simple phone call to th e Broward County Sheriff s Off ice revealed that the investigator, Fred Winston, was fired for misFred WillS/Oil redibility is an issue conduct including cha rges of th eft and fraud . In add ition the heriffs office, which includes th e city of Fort Lauderdale, lorida, ent faxes of Winston ' s record to the newspaper fo r publication the next day. Blatch ford insists it did not take any particul ar sleuth ing to get to the bottom of this matter. he advised she simply went hom e after work and di alled up the police agency and was given all the detail s over the phone. ther in fo rm ation revea led that he was once charged wi th two counts of grand theft and two counts of insurance fraud . Hi record indicates he was reprim anded tw ice and was suspended once for using hi un iform to rece ive Michael Jackson tickets . The pecia l Investigations Unit has been under considerable pressure to produce orne competent results. Accusations of incompetence have been lodged by variou ources si nce the organization was fo rm ed under the Attorney General' s office with a mandate to investigate possible crimin al activities by police officers. Many complaints included slow investigations and incompetent staff members. ne of the as pects of th e leg islation forming the unit i th at investigators hired from
other police agencies can not investigate cases from their former police forces. It has been observed that the hiring of persons from outside Ontario may be one method to alleviate this problem. Accusations in the local media indicate that Winston was picked from a list of 400 applicants due to the colour of his skin and on his stating he had investigated numerous homicides while with Broward County Sheriff s Office. The former was self evident and it would appear they felt that the latter would be as well. Further investigation by local media revealed Winston had never investigated a homicide while with the law enforcement agency. As of press time the director of the Special Investigations Unit, Howard Morton, claims it was not his job to do a background check and he stands by what the references provided by Winston say about him . Morton was earlier condemned in a special 65-page report for botching a shooting investigation and withholding critical information. A spokesperson for the Ontario Ministry of the Attorney General stated, " We have grave concerns with the concerns that the police community may have." She added, "Credibility is an issue, we have heard it."
Free Place Mats Available To Help Promote Healthy Life-styles Colouring place mats that promote a healthy lifestyle for children are now available through the Addiction Research Foundation (ARF) . "The place mats are provided free of charge," says Art McCudden , information specialists with the ARF. Sponsored by the Royal Bank, the ARF has developed a set of four place mats geared for children age 6 to 8. The place mats will keep children busy colouring while offering safety message on everything from household hazards to warnings about drugs. The product, which received a positive response during classroom testing, is designed for an age group that would be the most influenced by these messages, says McCudden. The ARF will distribute the place mats through a variety of outlets including schools, police officers, parenting groups, and school health nurses . Any group or individuals can place orders by calling ARF 's toll-free information line at 1-800483-6273 or 595-6100 for Metro Toronto. The four place mats each depict different scenarios within a school setting and can be combined to create a poster. They allow children to have fun while learning, says McCudden . " It's also an economical way to spread positive messages," he adds.
FLASHES By Tony MacKinnon "l put my new pistol back together. No Problem! .. . is there something specific we 're to do with the left over pieces?"
~~~~~~~==========================~ 18~------------------------------ JanUary,J994
International Workshop On Chemical Drug Labs To Be Held In Edmonton The Clandestine Laboratory Investigators Association is aselffunded group of law enforcement personnel from across Canada and the U.S.A. dedicated to the training and safety awareness while investigating clandestine laboratories. Hundreds of laboratories manufacturing methamphetamine (speed) , PCP (Angel Dust) , and L.S.D. are seized annually in the United States. Canada has been fortunate in having only a handful oflaboratory seizures annually, however, with stepped up enforcement in the United States trends show that manufacturers of illicit drugs are moving north . R.C.M.P. 'K ' Division Drug Enforcement and R.C.M .P. Edmonton Drug Sec-
tion have recently been given the opportunity to host this workshop in Edmonton. This conference has been held annually in the U. S. for ten years. This will be the first time the conference has been held outside of the United States. Cpl. K.J. Graham of Edmonton Drug Section is coordinating the above noted conference with the assistance of members of Edmonton Drug Section and the Edmonton Police Service Drug Control Unit. It is anticipated that 250-300 law enforcement personnel specializing in Clandestine Laboratory Safety from the United States, United Kingdom and Australia will attend. A targeted goal ofan additional 200 Canadian law enforcement personnel is anticipated. The D. E. A. Office ofTraining, Washington, D.C. have committed their services for re-certification of safety equip-
ment, i.e .. breathing apparatus and protective clothing. The course candidates will be from various areas oflaw enforcement, i.e .. drugs, ident., dogmen, emergency response. The workshop will be beneficial to any person being in or near a clandestine lab. This workshop is also open to Judges and prosecutors from across Canada. Health and Safety will be the main topics at this year' s conference. Guest speakers from the U.S. have experienced well over 2,000 lab investigations. U.S . agencies have realized the importance of Clan Lab safety and as a result their laws forbid uncertified investigators to enter labs without proper training, and safety equipment. It is requested that you pass on this information and discuss the benefits ofthe course with your neighbouring departments and training academ ies. Presently in Canada there is only minimal training in Clan Lab Safety in which 2-3 hours of time is devoted to this area. The workshop will be held at the Edmonton Inn, Edmonton, Alberta. For further information please contact Cpl. K.J . GRAHAM, Edmonton Drug Section at phone 403-945-553 3 or FAX: 403-9455579.
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Case Law By Gino Arcaro
\
Videotaped Confessions "Immensely Superior" To Witness Notes Olltario .A. R. v. BARRETT(J993) 82
. . . (3d) p.266 (0 T.CA.) The upreme Court of Canada, in R. v. MITH (19 9), stated that confessions are desirable and are among the most beneficial types of evidence to convict guilty per ons. Additionally, the court recognized that confe ion bereft accused persons by relieving p ycholog ical pressures and facilitating rehabilitation and reintegration into society. The admissibility of a confession is dependent upon the Crown ' s ability to prove beyond reasonable doubt that the confession wa voluntarily made by the accused . clusion of a confession may occur under ection 24(2) Charter ifit was obtained as a result of a harter violation and it admission would bring the admin-
istration of justice into disrepute. The accused person has the onus to prove the Charter violation. Videotaping interrogations has become a relevant factor in determining the admissibility of confessions. In R.v. LIM (No .3)( /990)(ANT. HICKS.), the trial judge drew an inference that the failure of the police to provide a video or audio record of an interrogation suggested that the police did not want an electronic independent record because it wou Id not have supported the officer' s oral testimony. Additionally, the trial judge stated, "The police appear to have set the stage for a battle of credibility on the void dire and excluded any independent source of in formation which could have supported one side or the other." The Ontario Court of Appeal, in R. v.
BARRETT (1993), strongly recommended the use of videotapes during interrogations and the taking of confessions, to prove voluntariness, by stating "Universal use of videotapes would obviously be of assistance to judges in weighing evidence and reaching a just conclusion, but beyond that, there is the potential to benefit the entire administration of justice." The circumstances of this case were as follows : The accused was arrested for 10 counts of robbery, was transported to a police station and brought to a booking room . The booking procedure was recorded by a video camera. The video showed the accused asking when he could contact his lawyer. The accused was informed that he would have access to a telephone as soon as he was brought upstairs. The videotape
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revealed that telephones were situated behind the booking officer's desk and also in an adjacent room. The accused was transferred to an interview room , upstairs. Detectives were notified. Upon their arrival, they informed the accused of the right to counsel but the accused chose not to invoke the right at that time. An accomplice had previously given police statements that incriminated the accused. The statements were presented to the accused, who read them and adopted the contents by writing "I agree" and signing the statements. Afterward, the accused asked to speak to his lawyer and was given the opportunity to do so. The accused was returned to the booking room. A videotape did not show evidence of injuries or any apparent change in the accused 's demeanor. The next day, the accused was transferred to ajail. He complained about injuries to his right hand and ribs, to a nurse and a physician, informing the physician the injuries were suffered during a fight. At the trial, the accused testified during a void dire that he had been assaulted by the officer and had signed the statements only to indicate that he had read them. The interrogation had not been recorded by videotape. The officers who conducted the interrogation recorded every question and answer. The second officer merely witnessed the interrogation but made no contemporaneous notes. Instead, the second officer signed his partner's notebook and copied the notes into his own notebook. At the conclusion of the void dire, the trial judge ruled that the accused's statements were admissible on the basis of credibility but specific reasons were not given. The accused appealed to the Ont. C.A. because of the trial judge' s failure to give reasons for ruling that the statements had been made voluntarily. The appeal was allowed and a new trial was ordered. The court ruled that the accused, in this case, was entitled to know, in a meaningful way, the reasons why the trial judge had no reasonable doubt about the voluntariness of the statements. The court addressed the issues of videotapes and the notebook procedures by stating videotape has "immensely superior" evidentiary value in comparison with witness recollection. It stated " ...the police force has, by its own choice in this case, denied the court the opportunity of an undeniable record of what led to the "conviction." Given the modestcostofvideotape equipment, such critical evidence should
January, 1994
not, in fairness, be restricted to some recollection of two contesting individuals as to what occurred in stressful conditions months or years ago. The court recognized that interrogation techniques are not "offensive" and that the police may be reluctant in publicizing these techniques but it stated that exposure of these methods would be a detriment. Regardless, the issue of admissibility remains voluntariness. Regarding the notebook procedure, the court ruled that the one used by the second officer was "unsatisfactory." The court
provided the following notebook guidelines: "Whenever possible, every officer in attendance at the interview who will want to refer to his or her notes as a memory aid for the purpose of giving evidence should take contemporaneous, INDEPENDENT notes." The court added that complete notes are not expected from the officer conducting the interrogation. In the case, it noted surprise that these types of notes were the only ones in existence and that they were purported to be verbatim. This case has been appealed to the Supreme Court.
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Product News and Views Fax Service Bureaus For Dissemination Of Information Facsimi le as a medium is quick ly replacing direct mail as the preferred medium for busines to business communication . [n fact, it has been estimated that by 1995 Ii fty percent of all business commu- . nication will be done by fax . When considering a fax communication system for outbound rapid distribution or information upon request many companies have found an outside service bureau to be a logical and cost efficient alternative. Large and small companies alike have found that the technical managementofan in-hou e Facsimile distribution is cumberome, e pensive and unsuited to fil l the company's information distribution needs. utsourcing to a fax service bureau will allow you to in effect "rent" access to highly technical, sophisticated and, profes i nally managed systems on an as used ba e . For e ample, lets say a police force or community crime prevention group wanted
to send out information to 1000 local businesses about a fraud occurring in the area. You can use a manual fax or a computerized fax to send out the message but that would take a minimum of 1000 minutes, or the equ ivalent of2 working days. If you choose to send it through a sophisticated network transmission service the time expended could be less than 20 minutes. The cost of such a service is genera lly around the price of postage or less. For second generation services such as "Fax on Demand" an in-house service using two I ines can be had for a few thousand do llars. The difficu lty is that much like outbound fax distribution, information on request services require many te lephone lines in order to deal with the volume of calls. This can be very expensive from a monthly fee and maintenance perspective. In fact, ongoing telecom costs for in house systems can amount to more than the cost
of the hardware in less than a year. A shared system will most [ikely allow you more system featu res and access to numerous lines without any of the hardware and line rental costs. Further, you can effectively try out the concept before you invest in hardware eliminating most of the risk of a large hardware purchase. A few caveats when looking at service bureaus. Ask to see their premises. If they are uncomfortable with your request they probably do not have the required equipment or fmancial backing to serve you. Next, ask how long they have been in business and if they can give you any credible references. This will ensure that you are not a "guinea pig customer."
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~~~~~~~============================t 2 2r------------------------------- JanUary, 1994
Improving Police - Media Relations By Elizabeth Holton The relationship between the police and the media can at once be mutually beneficial and extremely problematic. Though they are in some ways dependent upon each other, they run into conflict on exactly how much information should go out to the public. The reporter is looking for quick, concise information in order to meet a very specific deadline. The police while perhaps wanting to release some of the information, also have certain restrictions in order to protect those involved in any given incident. For example, information that could identify a young offender may not be published. Nepean Police Service has taken certain steps to ease these sometimes problematic relations. The appointment of a media relations officer in 1991 was a good start. It helped eliminate the problems which occurred when different spokespeople for
the service were challenged for information which was often not available due to shift changes, etc. In this way, one person is now assigned to deal with the media and keep abreast of occurrences, and high profile issues. Having one person responsible for answering to the media means more news gets released which means the public is better informed. This person must also get answers to reporters questions and be familiar with the restrictions on the disclosure of personal information under the Privacy Act. The media relations officer attends at all major crime scenes to "feed" the reporters thus keeping them from bothering investigators. The Nepean Police Service has chosen to get the news out themselves rather than waiting for calls from reporters. They decided that news would be more timely and accurately released through facsimiles. Using a fax machine capable of sequential broadcasting, news releases are faxed out almost daily to approximately 20 media agencies with the touch of one button. The regular faxing of press releases means that
the media,know they will be given information on any important story. For the police this means they can inform the media ofanything they deeI;l1 important. This system is time efficient, ensures that no one is left off the list, and reduces incoming phone calls from reporters. Nepean Police will soon be expanding their methods of disseminating news by allocating an extension on their voice mailbox system for exclusive use by the media. This means news updates can be recorded by the media relations officer and retrieved by reporters even when the officer is not available. The "news mailbox" can also be updated by the media officer from a major crime scene. Another job of the media relations officer is to follow up on any media mistakes or inaccuracies in reporting. This way, problems can be addressed before they get out of hand . A recent example involved an editorial in a small newspaper which contained a slur against the police service. Once contacted by the media relations officer, the paper printed a correction.
Join Us For A Trip Of A Lifetime
The 1994 Team Canada Police Motorcycle Racers will be competing in France next May 9 to 12 in the 5th World Police Motorcycle Races at the Paul Picard Circuit near Nice in the Cote d'Azur.Team Canada, in conjunction with Air Canada, would like to invite you to attend this event along with the exciting races of the World Professional Motorcycle Races and the 1994 Monaco Grand Prix Car Race. You can attend these events or just enjoy the Sights of France by contacting
Canadian Police Road Racing Team 733 Leaside Street, Pickering, Ontario L1W 2X2 Phone (905) 831-2013
January,1994
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Century Arms Delivers A Knockout With This IIPunch"
In the days oflegal suits and public outcry of excessive force and personal safety, Century International Arms is marketing a new high tech non-lethal weapon called the MR-35 Punch Gun. entury International Arms is the large t mall arms importer/exporter in North America. They have been in business for over 30 years and offer law enforcement agencies across North America a broad range of products. The MR-35 Punch is a new product that entury is now offering to police agencies in North America. This weapon is a 5hotgun that shoots 35mm non-lethal balls. The gun has the stopping power of a .38 pecial. It provides the power of a karate punch and is able to hitan opponent within 25 meters. The MR-35 Punch is a precise weapon that prevents any intrusion into a safety area. The logic behind its design is that the 35 mm ball will not bounce off the surface. ltwill split in halfwhile inducing a neutralizing shock which will stop an opponent, preventing any further action . Although this high tech gun is relatively new on the European market, it is already in use by the French Police, the endarmerie and the Luxembourg Gendarmerie. In addition various police departments and customs department.
Gendarmeries in Switzerland and in Austria are presently evaluating its use. Police in subways around the world will shortly beusing itas their main weapon . It is felt the MR-35 is the most secure way to subdue a subject in a crowded area. Because the MR-35 Punch is the ideal
gun to use when there are many people around. Century International Arms supplies a training kit with each weapon and has an approved trainor on staff to assist the training personnel of any police force in Canada. The MR-35 Punch is constructed of light weight polymer and aluminium components. The barrel consists of an aluminium liner inside a polyamide and fibreglass outer shell. The firing mechanism is a double action revolver type. A winding spring allows the move-
ment of the magazine from one shot to the next. After the last round is fired , the magazine will eject automatically from the receiver, allowing fast reloading. The cartridge used to propel the 320 grain ball looks very much like a shortened 12 gauge shotshell. The MR-35 Punch Gun has zero to minimal recoil which allows for easy one hand shooting. To load, the user inserts the pre-loaded 5round magazine and the MR-35 Punch gun is ready to go - 5 shots as fast as you can pull the trigger. Talk about crowd control! Tear gas capsules will shortly be an optional item which may be used in the MR-35 , making it a multi-purpose gun adaptable to many different field situations. Pierre Des Cotes is the Century International Arms instructor for the MR-35 Punch Gun . Since 1982 Mr. Des Cotes has serviced police fuearms and tested various types of weapons and ammunition for police and tactical applications. He believes that the MR-35 is the best way to neutralize any subject without risk to anyone in the surroundings including the police officer. Mr. Des Cotes believes that he is representing a company that offers a. full range of law enforcement weapons to which the MR-35 will be a valuable addition . He has learned that is it very important to be honest and straightforward when it comes to recommending a weapon or ammunition . He is proud to say that he is representing the MR-35 Punch Gun and will place his credibility and reputation on the line for this product. Currently Mr. Des Cotes deals with more than 60 police departments across Canada, and the number is increasing daily. He travels to many different locations with a broad range of weapons offered by Century. Century International Arms is the exclusive distributor for Canada and U.S . For more information contact:
Century International A rms 7815 Boul. Henri-Bourassa West Montreal, Quebec, H4S I P7 (514) 333-9933 Fax: (514) 333-9940 Attention: Pierre Des Cotes
~~~~~~~==============================t 24~-------------------------------- January,1994
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A Survivor...
Constable Kevin Seamons ourle y Of "Off The uff' Durham Regional Police
Police ollstable Kevin Seamons witlt daug/tter Meagan.
very February 5th, Police Constabl e Kev in eamons receives a card in th e mail. It' not his • birthday, but it might as well be. The card is from ~L.:U~:..4 DuPont - manufacturers of Kevlar - and the oc• • • • •. cas ion is the anniversary fth day Kevi n' vest saved his life. n ebruary 5, 199 1, P.C. eamons wa at a traffic top on Hwy. 40 I near We tney Road in Ajax Ontario. A fl atbed heavy hau l tractor trai ler, 3 by 3 tandem
t"
truck pulled up behind him on the shoulder. Another car pulled up and advised PC eamons that the truck was on fire . When the truck driver got out and looked underneath the truck, there was a small flame on the centre tandem mid truck at the centre of the axle. The metal was so hot it was now producing a small flame, about the size of a cigarette lighter. The truck driver blew the flame out but the metal was so hot that it sparked again. P.C. Seamons got his fire extinguisher from his police car and approached the truck. As he approached the tandem, the
axle had become so hot that it suddenly caused one of the tires to swell. The tire swelled to twice its normal size and blew up beside PC Seamons, impacting him in the chest with 120 pounds of pressure, and throwing him 56 feet off the road. The explosion hit him with so much force it automatically set offhis radio's 10-33 button . P.C. Phil Reed was at Westney Road and Monarch Avenue, about two kilometres away, and heard the explosion from there. P.C. Seamons regained consciousness briefly at the scene, and was transported to Ajax Pickering Hospital. He says two things saved his life that day - his vest and the fact that he wasn' t blown toward the traffic on hwy. 40 I when the explosion occurred. Understandably, Constable Seamons is a proponent of vests. He says it's the unexpected element on the job that makes vests a worthwhile part of standard equipment. He ' s learned that vests are for more than stopping knives and bullets. He never expected to be hit by an exploding tire. A few months after this incident, Constable Seamons was inducted into the Kevlar Survivors Club, sponsored by the International Association of Chiefs of Police and the DuPont Company. He is the only member of the Durham Region Police Service who is a member of this group. He was awarded a plaque, and given a tie tack signifying that he survived a potentially fatal situation because he was wearing his vest. His wife, Veronica, was given a gold pendant, and she is regarded as a Survivor also. Constable Kevin Seamons is with us today because he was wearing his vest. Put yours a" !
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PiSTOls VERSUS REVolvERS An Overview Courtesy Beretta U.S.A. Corp.
However, while revolver technology remained stagnant, dramatic pistol technology improvements took place during the post-World War II period. These design and safety improvements resulted in unprecedented reliability, better handling characteristics and overall superior performance by pistols. This, coupled with an ever more violent criminal element, led U.S. law enforcement agencies to look more closely into pistols as service weapons. By the late '70s the first departments were making the switch, and by the decade of the '80s the trend away from revolvers was in full swing. The move away from revolvers was hastened as criminals and drug traffickers began using more sophisticated weapons. Police officers found themselves seriously out-gunned. The limited cartridge capacity of the revolver put the police officer at a serious disadvantage, but the semiautomatic pistol quickly evened the odds. Today, 50 per cent of all police carry pistols - and that percentage continues to grow. Modem semiautomatics are more reliable and safer than revolvers. Today there is a choice of operating systems, safety systems, model variations - even finishes. The pistol can be tailored to meet specific law enforcement needs. Officers
January,J994
everywhere continue to request the extra defensive capability of the new generation of semiautomatic pistols. No one is aware of departments planning to switch back to revolvers. In a recent survey by a major law enforcement organization, 95 per cent of respondents indicated they would rather carry a semiautomatic pistol. A staggering 93 per cent expressed a lack of confidence in their issue revolver. When it comes to a life or death situation what could be a consequence of this lack of confidence? Does the criminal element lack the same confidence in the weapons they carry? Many police officers fmd it ironic that their organization does not hesitate to replace computers and software after only a few years because they are considered outdated. Yet, the technology of the revolvers they are issued is 120 years old. There are many specific reasons why law enforcement agencies are today choosing the high capacity pistol over the revolver. Let's summarize them as briefly as possible.
Mostrevolvers have a capacity of 5 to 6 rounds. Most high-capacity pistols carry at least double the round capacity of a revolver. With a high-capacity pistol, an officer has more rounds available during a lethal encounter without having to reload.
Ease of reloading
When reloading does become necessary, it is faster and easier with a pistol, particularly in the dark and under extreme stress.
Improved scores
Where pistols have replaced revolvers, there has almost always been a significant improvement in qualifying scores on the fuing range. Statistics released by The Police Foundation show ease of handling and shooting produces gains in hit potential ranging from 25% to 65%.
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Officers who have received full training with their new pistols routinely express a feeling ofgreater confidence in being able to control dangerous situations.
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Man Bites Dog ... Who Bites Back
By Gino Arcaro
Loud Party Complaints May Be Resolved By This Charge The charge of Mischief affords police officers with a method of solving loud party complaints. Mischief is defined in section 430(l)d) of the Criminal Code as meaning wilful obstruction, interruption or interference with the lawful use, enjoyment or operation of property. A problem exists about whether or not disturbing a person ' s sleep constitutes interference with enjoyment of property. The British Columbia Supreme Court dealt with that issue in R.v. W(t.) (1993) . 1n that case, police officers charged a young offender after a neighbour complained that he prevented them from sleeping for two days because of excessive noise from a loud party that included a live band. The young offender was acquitted in a
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A New Zealand man who bit off the tip of a police dog 's ear may have bit more than he could handle when he got bitten back in what could be called the "Terminator Bite." Police dog-handler Constable Laurie McNeal said he sent his dog, Tyke, into a house in Timarue, on New Zealand' s South Island, to disarm a man with a gun. Tyke gripped the man ' s arm with his teeth and the offender reacted by biting off part ofthe dog ' s left ear. Tyke released his grip on the arm and bit the man ' s testicles, quickly ending resistance. Tyke is expected back on duty shortly minus about one inch of his left ear. The condition ofthe offender was unknown but the fmal touch was added with the charges laid against him . He is charged with obstructing police along with several weapons offences. But the offender may feel the final charge could be the cruelest blow Cruelty To An Animal.
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Disarming Police "Simple Madness" Police Chief Suggests If Toronto area human rights lawyer Peter Rosenthal had his way almost all police officers would not carry weapons. His rationale for such thinking is that " if police officers did not carry weapons they'd have to be a bit more creative in the way they approach tense situations." This bizarre thinking was made public in November at a public forum held by the Ontario commission looking into racism in the justice system. Rosenthal suggested the commission oppose giving police semi-automatic and higher-calibre weapons. His rationale included that more powerful and more easily fired weapons would mean police officers who shoot their weapons would tend to fire more shots and the bullets themselves would cause more damage. "If police," Rosenthal suggests, "are given heavy weapons and semi-automatic weapons - and it will happen if you don ' t stop it - there's no question more people are going to be killed, including police officers." In response to this argument Chief Julian Fantino, head of the London Police Force, wrote a response to the Toronto newspaper which ran the story. The paper apparently refused to use the letter and Blue Line Magazine obtained a copy of it. Here it is in its (almost) entirety. "I feel a sense of duty to address the predictably outrageous rhetoric attributed to Peter Rosenthal. At the risk of dignifying Rosenthal ' s comments, I am left to wonder what the rantings of a reputed cop hater have to do with the mandate and work of the 3.5 million dollar Commission delving into racism in the justice system, unless of course, as suspected, the Commission is yet another witch-hunt whose end result, like other entities in the past, will further demoralize the policing profession. Moreover, it now rings true that the Commission has become one more expensive road show fighting racism on the backs of police. I see the rantings of Rosenthal and others of like persuasion extremely damaging to the need to address racism in our society with honesty, integrity and, most
January, J994
appropriately , devoid ofillegitimate agendas. If anything, on the issue of police race relations, the unabashed cop haters, by virtue oftheir obsession to constantly attack the integrity Chief Fantino of the profession as a whole, are in fact causing a great disservice to people of all races . I must also comment about Rosenthal 's remarks, which I consider devoid of any appreciation whatsoever for the plight of our police officers, the young men and women on the front lines, and law-abiding citizens everywhere who are facing an inordinate number of ruthless criminals who are armed and predisposed to vio-
lence. Ironically, on the one hand, we have extraordinary, violent victimization randomly taking place all around us, while at the same time people like Rosenthal want to disarm the police. Ifthis is not the height of stupidity, I do not know what is. Or is it simple madness? Two fmal points; From Rosenthal' s perverse views of police, are we to conclude that Constable Joseph MacDonald, of the Sudbury Regional Police, who was murdered recently while in the line of duty, was not creative enough in his fatal dealings with armed individuals who shot and killed him in cold blood? Also, if it is to be that Rosenthal has the ear of the Commission and, as we have experienced with other Commissions in the past, that the policing profession in Ontario is to be once again disenfranchised along the theme espoused by Rosenthal and others, not only will Government get our guns, it will most assuredly get most of our badges as well, and maybe then the people of Ontario will realize the ongoing trauma being caused to a truly honourable profession, ofwhich I happen to be fiercely proud."
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This Is a free service to law enforcement agencies and related personnel support groups. Other persons or organizations may pla~e their n~tices in this section at a price of $40.00 per insertion up to 25 words. (paid subscribers pay $30.00) Prepayment by Visa, MasterCard or Cheque only please. Send to:12A-4981 Hwy. 7 East. Markham, ON. L3R 1N1 Fax (800) 563-1792
Jan uary 4 - 8, 1994 L T Trai ning eminar , a hington - D. . The American ociety of Law Enforcement Trainers will hold its 7th annual International Training eminar. Participants will be able to attend over 80 difTerent classes and anyone of eleven training tracks. For further detail s call A LET at (302) 645-4080 or Fax : (302) 645-4084. January 27, 1994 ell ular Fraud eminar Toronto - ntario 110 ted by the ellular Telephone Indu try As ociation, this one day seminar i presented for law enforcement per onnel onl y and there is no charge t attend. The event will take place at the Toronto Board of Trade at 830 Dixon Road . pon ored by Bell Mobility and Roger antel lhe guest peaker will be Dennis Walters of Walters, M re and Wilkinson. This pers n has e tensive experience in the inve tigation of ellular Phone fraud . To register contact Warren Leonard (416) 798-5 06\. February 2 - 5,1994 Wome n In Law Enforce ment w York - .Y. The New York ity Transit Pol ice will h t the econd annual "Women United In aw -nforcement onference. This vent is des igned to address the unique challenges fa ced by women in law enforcement on professional, social and per onal levels. Workshops have bee n de igned to expo e attendees to tate of the art teehniques and pertinent world i ue afTecting every member of the co mmunity . For further details contact Janice DiLemmo (718) 330-4503 .
February 19, 1994 ig ht Of Rock & Roll To ronto - Ontari o Project 911 presents its 4th annual Rock & Roll night in support of The Children 's Wish Foundation at the Fort York Armouries , 660 Fleet St. (Lakeshore west of Bathurst) Toronto. This event is restricted to employees of Police, Fire, Ambulance, Correctional Services, Doctors, Nurses and their friends . Event includes a buffett. Tickets $35 .00 by contacting Graham Whitehead (416) 757-0107 . May 2S - 27, 1994 Radioco mm '94 Va ncouve r - Britis h Columbi a " Wireless Communication - Canada's Growth Industry" is this year's theme. This is Canada's only show dedicated to mobile communications and is sponsored by the RadioComm Association of Canada. The event is expected to draw thousands of delegates from across North America and Pacific Rim countries. For further details call Harley Austin or Yvonne Hircock (416) 2527791 or Fax (4 I 6) 252-9848.
J une 27 - 29, 1994 Ontario Associa tio n of C hiefs of Poli ce Trade how Oshawa - On tario The OACP will hold its annual Trade how in conjunction with its annual onference. The Trade Show will be held at the Durham College Campus with accommodation being held at the Holiday Inn, Oshawa. The Trade Show is expected to draw over 90 companies and the show is open to all police, fire and ambulance personnel for the entire three-day show period.
SHELL TOP BODY ARMOUR A DIVISION Of' RAM SPORTSWEAR
August 17 - 21, 1994 CATAIRAGM '94 Mississa uga - On tario The Canadian Association ofTechnical Accident Investigators and Reconstructionists will be holding a four day seminar/conference hosted by the Ontario Provincial Police on the subject of " Human Factor lnfluencer in Traffic Crashes. For further details on the seminar or on becoming a member contact Bob colt (905) 874-3147 or FAX (905) 874-4032. August 21 - 26, 1994 C.L.l.A. Workshop '94 Edm onto n - Alberta The RCMP " K" Division Drug Enforcement Branch and the RCMP Edmonton Drug Section will be hosting the annual "Clandestine Laboratory Investigator's Association workshop . From 500 to 700 international delegates are expected. The organizers have set up a spousal program as well . There will be a trade show in conjuction with this event. For further details about the event contact Cpl. K.1 . Graham at FAX 403 945-5579 or phone (403) 945-5533 . Listings in the C lassifi ed sectio n i a free service to all law enforce ment agencies. T he ed itor reserves the right to lim it th e frequency a nd timing of inse rtions.
or Sale Video T ape Package to implement Community Based Policing is available from th e Edmonton Police Service. The package, entitled "Community Based Policing - The Edmonton Experience", includes a 15 minute video and material designed to assist other agencies that are planning to implement Community Policing. The Community Policing Package is priced at $120.00 Canadian. For further details, write to Community Policing Office, Edmonton Police Service, 9620 - I 03A Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T5H OH7, Phone (403) 421-2351 or Fax (403) 421-2808.
'PEACEMAKER' It's your occupation ... now let it be your publication! The PEACEMAKER is published quarterly by the Canadian Fellowship of Christian Peace Officers (CFCPO) , a federal nonprofit corporation which encourages peace officers loca ll y , nationally and internationally to join in fellowship. If you would like to be placed on the mailing li st, or would like more information about CFCPO membership, send your request, with your name, occupation , address and phone number to:
Sharing the Truth and the Way and the Life
Our Lord Jesus Christ
STREETQUIP Law Enforcement Equipment
8
8HB.L. TOI" VEST
MAKERS Of' BOOY ARMOUR CARRIERS. IIUUET PflOOF VESTS. JACKETS .. SWEATERS. AVAILABLE TO POLICE. MILITARY. AND RELATED FORCES
HARVEY KRUGER 3070 DUNDAS ST. weST TORONTO. ONTARIO Mel' IZ7
J un e 27 - J uly 1 t, 1994 C IS-MOIA Tra ining Confe rence Windsor - Ontario The Canadian Identification Society and the Michigan/Ontario Identification Association will be holding their annual training conference in Windsor. The conference is being hosted by the members of the Windsor Police Forensic Identification Branch. It will be held in the newly renovated Cleary International Centre with hotel accommodations at the Windsor Hilton Hotel. The event is expected to draw 200 delegates who will deal with the latest in forensic technology concerning several scientific and technical disciplines and put that knowledge to use in workshops. For additional details contact Sgt. AI Brown or Mike kreptak at (519) 2556645 or (519) 255-6646.
TEL: (418) 753303 FAX: (41') 75-2018
Paul Hanton 56 Whitehorn Cresent, North York, Ontario M2J 382
(416) 495-8943 J------------------------------- January, J994
BERETTA MODEL '96 Chambered for the new .40 calibre , tridge, this new large frame packs eleven- ' round firepower. In all other respects, it's pure • 92F. Same ergonomic design. Same safety features. Same easy maintenance.
SIG SAUER P226
Double action semi-automatic, locked br~, cI~iayed blowback. Ambidextrous external safety. Calibre: .40 cal. Also available in: Barrel length: 4.92" Overall length: B.5" , Double/single action, v.ith external safety decod<ing lever Overall height: 5.4" , Double/single action, v.ith external decod<ing lever only Weight: 34 oz. ' Double action only without safety (lever slick slide) Mag. capacity: 10 rounds . . Double action only v.ith external safety lever
Type:
~
CAT. No. 0589-P09619DT
'l!J' Beretta u.SA.
Calibre: Overall length: Overall height: Overall width: Barrel length : Type:
Weight, w/o mag.: Weight of empty mag.: Muzzle energy: Mag. capacity:
9mm Parabellum.
7.71 " 5.47".
1.45". 4.41 ". Double-action/single action or double-action only. Mechanically-locked, recoil-operated autoloader with patented automatic firing-pin lock safety. 26.5 oz. 3.40z. 368 ft/lbs. (depending on ammunition used.). 15/20 rounds
CAT. No. 0746-226-9-B CAT. No. 0746-226-9-B-DAO
a. He<:kler &. Koch
USP .40 S&W OR 9 MM PISTOL No. 0375-704001 No. 0375-704005 No. 0375-709001 No. 0375-709005
Double/single action .40 S & W Double action only .40 S & W Double/single action 9 MM Double action onl 9 MM
RUGER KP91DAC .40 AUTO DECOCKER PISTOL No. 0673-KP91 DAO Stainless steel, double-action only No. 0673-KP91 DC Stainless steel, ambidextrous decocker
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