American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR)
2018
American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR) e-ISSN : 2378-703X Volume-02, Issue-07, pp-39-44 www.ajhssr.com
Research Paper
Open Access
Social Messages of ‘Kajaolaliddong’ in Living Harmony: A Historical Perspective Muhammad Bahar Akkase Teng Faculty of Cultural Sciences Hasanuddin University ABSTRACT: This study discusses a study related to a figure of Kajaolaliddong as a local philosopher of Buginese people. He, was a spokesman during the reign of the seventh King of Bone. As a philosopher, he has bequeathed many social messages, called paseng, a form of local wisdom that is widely mentioned in many Buginese literatures. Most of the messages were written in lontaraq script in the book of Buginese Christomathie. This study aimed to analyze how the existence of the message of Kajao Laliddong in the past, and to see the present context, to analyze the extent of the paseng can be reliable to the life of Bugis people in modern age. This research was descriptive qualitative by applying sociological and historical approach. The data collection procedure was taken through observation, interview, documentation and library study. KEYWORDS: Messages, Social, Kajao Laliddong, Buginese, and Historical Perspective.
I. INTRODUCTION Local wisdom is a term embedded in an emerging culture thorough the adoption of particular principles, advice, order, norms and behavior of the ancestors in the past. Local wisdom is very urgent to be applied especially in organizing various phenomena emerged in the modern age [1]. Rahman [2] stated that, the practice of local wisdom in the modern age, especially in south Sulawesi has been maintained and it became convention and that convention is a cultural absolute. Local wisdom is a part of the cultural construction [3]. According to Abdullah, local wisdom is a set of values which refers to a variety of cultural richness growth and developed in a society and has to be known, trusted, and recognized as important elements that enable to strengthen social cohesion. Local wisdom of Buginese culture, especially in pre-Islamic times, has been clearly recorded in the literary works called Lontarak. The Lontarak script describes the richness of the Buginese culture which contains many philosophical teachings related to the various aspects of life from the ancestors. Historically, Bugis is a tribe that has preserved the script for long-long time ago, therefore every social and cultural aspects such as the stored values of behavioral and governmental practice of Buginese culture in the past is maintaining recorded in the Lontarak script. One of social wisdoms that is still maintained in life of Bugis people in South Sulawesi, is known as Pappaseng. It is something like moral message which contains advice; willing, political system, and societal norm. These counsels were directed not only to the king but also to the people which illustrated explicitly thorough the dialogue between Arung (king or traditional leader) and Kajao (one who is wiseman, religious, and socialist). The dialogue between Arung and Kajao in the Paseng contains advices which related to the customs and rules. In addition, Kajao tries to instill the values that must be owned by the king and his people, namely: Lempu (honesty), Acca (intelligence), Asitinajang (fairness), Getteng (firmness), Reso (effort, hard work), and Siri' (pride). The Passeng was written in lontrak script. The manuscript is rewritten and compilled by B.F. Matthes in his book Boeginese Chrestomatihie containing 447 pages. "Pappaseng" is found in one of the sub-titles of this book, "Bicaranna Latoa" (the messeges of Latoa) from pages 1 to 181. From this book there are so many things that can be found in accordance with the values of democracy and human rights, as well as the norms (panngaddereng). These messages include: “Nia’ lima tanra matena pa’rasangan malompoa iyamintu: Makase’rena punna taenamo naero nipakainge’ karaeng manggauka; Makaruanna, punna taenamo tumanngngasseng ri lalang pa’rasanganga; Matellunna; punna majai’ gau’ lompo ri lalang pa’rasanganga; Makaappa’na, punna angngalle ngasemmi soso’ pabbicarayya; Makalimanna, punna taenamo nakamaseangngi atanna karaeng manggauka” (There are five signs of death of a great country, namely: first, if the king in power will not be reminded again; Secondly, if there are no more intelligent people in the country; Third: if there are too many big problems in the country; Fourth, if all law enforcers take bribes; Fifth, if the king no longer loves his people ") AJHSSR Journal
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