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A Dialogue Between Architecture and Landscape_BLAD

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Table of Contents

007 前言

Introduction

009 致谢

Acknowledgements

室外空间作为室内活动的替换场所

Outdoor Spaces as Alternative Places for Indoor Activities

012

小河穿过的一组庭院⸺上海闵行生态园接待中心(2004)

The Courtyards Strung by a Canal Reception Center, Minhang Ecological Garden, Shanghai(2004)

028 山地别墅的新类型⸺苏州碧瀛谷别墅(2002)

A New Prototype of Hillside House House, Green Valley, Suzhou(2002)

040

“墙”中世界⸺昆山阳澄湖公园游客中心(2012)

A World in a“Wall”—Visitor Center, Lake Yangcheng Park, Kunshan(2012)

053

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066

复合建筑⸺昆山阳澄湖公园景观建筑(2010)

Multivalent Architecture Pavilions in Lake Yangcheng Park, Kunshan(2010)

建筑与园林各自扮演功能配对中的独特角色

Architecture and Landscape Each Playing a Unique Role in a Functional Pair

山中教堂⸺株洲朱亭堂(2002)

A Church in the Hills Zhuting Church, Zhuzhou(2002)

078

寓居佛性的园林⸺长兴寿圣寺扩建(方案, 2008)

Landscape as Where the Sacred Resides Expansion of Shousheng Temple, Changxing(Scheme, 2008)

090

湿地中的一艘“考察船”⸺上海新江湾城生态展示馆(2005)

An“Exploration Vessel”in a Wetland New Jiangwan Ecological Exhibition Center, Shanghai(2005)

103 “楼梯”建筑⸺洛阳小浪底公园茶室(2002)

A“Stair”Building Teahouse, Xiaolangdi Dam Park, Luoyang(2002)

114

与水对话⸺昆山思常路茶室(2007)

Conversing with the Water Sichang-Road Teahouse, Kunshan(2007)

126 作为公共空间的餐厅⸺昆山思常公园餐厅(2012)

Restaurant as a Public Space Restaurant, Sichang Park, Kunshan(2012)

建筑局部采取园林的形态

Architecture Partially Taking the Form of Landscape

142 “山脉”建筑⸺昆山风尚公园多功能建筑群(方案,2007)

Architecture as Hills Mixed-Use Complex, Lifestyle Park, Kunshan(Scheme,2007)

154 “丛林”建筑⸺昆山康居社区活动中心(2006)

A“Forest-Like”Building Kangju Community Center, Kunshan(2006)

园林作为建筑中的城市公共空间

Gardens as Urban Public Spaces in a Building

170 以公共园林为标志的社区中心⸺昆山里厍袖珍公园及社区中心(方案,2008)

Public Green as the Landmark of a Community Center Lishe Pocket Park and Community Center, Kunshan(Scheme,2008)

180 在高密度城市中创造公共空间⸺昆山金谷园多功能建筑群(2013)

Creating Public Space in High-Density Cities Jinguyuan Mixed-Use Complex, Kunshan(2013)

199 一扇诱惑人的大门⸺昆山星溪公园游客中心(2017)

A Gate That Seduces Visitor Center, Xingxi Park, Kunshan(2017)

213 其他设计作品的发表记录

Bibliography of Other Published Designs

214 作者简介

About the Author

(上左)“苇庄”会议厅室内,可见远处二层 屋顶庭院。

(Above left) Interior of the conference room in “Village of Reeds;” an upper-level patio is visible.

(上右)从“苇庄”北部向南望。

(Above right) From the northern side of “Village of Reeds” looking south.

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“苇庄”二层客房外的屋顶庭院。

Roof garden adjacent to a second-floor guest room in “Village of Reeds.”

“幽僻处”入口。

Entry to “Secluded Place.”
“幽僻处”入口庭院。
Entry courtyard of “Secluded Place.”

A World in a “Wall”

—Visitor Center, Lake Yangcheng Park, Kunshan (2012)

江苏省昆山市历史悠久,改革开放后又变成一个飞速成长的工业城市。城市建 成区逐步向东西方向延伸,西端最终扩展到阳澄湖畔。为了避免湖滨全被小别墅开 发所瓜分,保证中心城区的普通市民能享受市郊最大的水岸,本工程的建设单位昆 山城市建设投资发展有限公司于数年前开始在湖滨开发昆山阳澄湖公园。该开放式 公园占地 42.5 公顷,位于城市东西向主干道马鞍山路在湖滨的端点,是昆山在湖滨 最大的一片公共绿地。目前公园已基本建成,每逢周末游人众多,有在湖滨广场放 风筝的,还有来骑自行车的。

公园的主体部分基本呈一个朝湖面开口的月牙形平面。园内主要步行道为一条 与月牙基本平行的弧形木栈道,从西南方的湖滨广场开始,穿过全园中部,再回到 西北方的水边,沿路将园内的主要景观串联起来。在木栈道离开湖滨广场不远处, 是公园最大的一片游客停车场。停车场北边与木栈道之间的一块条形绿地,就是本 工程的基地。

本工程的建筑面积不到 850 平方米,它的设计应是一篇节制但不缺理念的小品 文。理念必须从最根本的地方去找。游客中心的本质是一个地方的大门,但要有门 就必须先有墙。考虑到基地正好是线形的,为什么不把本建筑就做成一道“墙”呢? 人们现在从车上下来,会看见沿停车场整个北边沿是一道 99 米长、7.75 米高的“墙”。 “墙”上开了三个大小不一的门洞,提供了进入公园的通道。在周边墙面的衬托下, 这些门洞中揭示的风景显得特别诱人。

但人们马上会发现这不是一道简单的实墙。在南面,它由里面的混凝土墙及外 面与之平行的一层木格栅组成(木格栅与混凝土墙之间有若隐若现的钢楼梯)。木 格栅及其上将长成的攀援绿化会使这道“墙”显得轻盈多变。格栅墙在建筑西端突 然偏离后面的混凝土墙,形成一个独特的终端造型,向附近的湖滨(从停车场看不见) 致意。就连外墙尽端的细部设计也体现了这一多层表皮的概念。

最大的惊奇发生在人们进入门洞时。向东西方向一望,他们会发现在这道“墙” 的南北两面混凝土外壳之间藏着复杂多变的景观。由于建筑内部没有多少横隔墙, 游客可以看到沿着建筑内部的长向罗列着各种空间,包括明亮与幽暗的、室内与室 外的、高与低、水平与斜面的,等等。比如说,坡道下的下沉庭院让人联想起一个 树木林立的浓荫峡谷。这些都是通过在狭长空间中交错布置房间与庭院、水平楼板 与坡道,外加天窗与其他垂直流动空间来形成的。

一层包含一个为游客导游的展览空间及多个商店。人们通过坡道可以上到一个 坐落在茶室与一个商店之间的公共屋顶庭院。茶室西面有另一个自用的屋顶庭院, 是望湖的最好地方。无论是在地面还是二层,每一个室内空间都与一个或多个室外 空间配成对来服务于一个建筑功能,这是中国传统建筑的基本特点之一,而现代中 国人也仍然喜爱这种室内舒适与户外自然均近在咫尺的复合环境 [1] 。

人们通过三个门洞穿过“墙”后,将发现一个幽静的木平台把建筑背面与现有 的木栈道连接起来。基地上原有的树木大部分被保留下来,穿插在平台中。刚来或 将离去的游客可以从平台边的商店要一杯啤酒,在浓密树荫笼罩下的平台上享用。

可以说 , 这个不大的建筑设计完全是围绕着这样一个最终目的:让游客像剥洋葱 那样不断在一道“墙”中发现新的东西。这种通过让人走过不同空间来逐步揭示建 筑面貌的做法,与不少西方建筑师(或他们在国内的模仿者)常用的以一个主要外 部造型来立即“震撼”观众的做法正好相反。陈从周先生曾引用杜甫“一丘藏曲折, 缓步百跻攀”来说明我国的造园原理之一 [2],这也正是本设计学习我国建筑传统的 主要着眼点。(2014)

注释

[1] 缪朴,《传统的本质――中国传统建筑的十三个特点》,《建筑师》第 36 期(1989 年 12 月)第 56-67 页、 第 40 期(1991 年 3 月)第 61-80 页,以及《台湾大学建筑与城乡研究学报》第 5 卷,第 1 期(1990 年 2 月), 第 57-72 页。

[2] 陈从周,《说园》(上海:同济大学出版社,1984),第 6 页。

Abstract

Lake Yangcheng Park of 42.5 hectares is the largest public green space on the lake shore of Kunshan. The linear building site lies between the main public parking lot and a curved boardwalk which leads people to the waterfront and other attractions.

A visitor center is the front door of a place. But a door presumes the existence of a wall. Considering the linear site, it is appropriate to make the building a “wall.” Indeed, people entering the parking lot see a curved “wall,” 99 meters long and 7.75 meters high. Three doorways on the “wall” open up passages into the park. The sceneries revealed via the openings appear particularly enticing.

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But this is not a simple solid wall. A layer of wood trellises parallel to an inner concrete wall makes the “wall” appear light and ever-changing. At the west end, the trellis layer deviates from the concrete wall and forms a unique gesture, nodding to the nearby lake shore.

The big surprise comes when people enter the doorways. Looking east and west, they will find that few solid crossing partitions exist inside the “wall” between its two concrete shells. Various spaces—bright and dim, indoor and outdoor, high and low, orthogonal and diagonal—are juxtaposed along the longitudinal direction of the cavity.

Most rooms in the building can spill their activities into one or more adjacent outdoor spaces. The pairing of indoor and outdoor spaces is one of the fundamental characteristics of Chinese traditional architecture.

工程资料

地点 江苏省昆山市环湖路阳澄湖公园

时间 2009 2012

建筑面积 844 平方米

业主 江苏省昆山城市建设投资发展有限公司

设计

建筑:缪朴设计工作室(缪朴);汉嘉设计集团(蒋宁清) 结构:上海源规建筑结构设计事务所(张业巍、刘潇) 设备:汉嘉设计集团(穆立新、于洋、吴秋燕)

发表

《新建筑》(2014 年第 4 期),《Architectural Review Asia Pacific》(2015 年 6-7 月刊),《FuturARC》(2016 年 1-2 月刊),archdaily.com。

Project Data

Location Lake Yangcheng Park, Huanhu Road, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, China

Project Period 2009-2012

Floor Area 844 square meters

Client Kunshan City Construction, Investment and Development Co., Ltd.

Designer Architecture: Miao Design Studio (Design Architect), Pu Miao; Hanjia Design Group, Shanghai (Architect of Record), Jiang Ningqing Structure: Shanghai Yuangui Structural Design Inc., Zhang Yewei, Liu Xiao Engineering: Hanjia Design Group, Mu Lixin, Yu Yang, Wu Qiuyan

Publication

New Architecture (4/2014), Architectural Review Asia Pacific (Jun.Jul./2015), FuturARC (Jan.-Feb./2016), archdaily.com. 总平面

Shop along the north side and the ramp. No crossing partition hinders the longitudinal view of the distant greenery beyond the east end of the building.

(下左)坡道下的下沉庭院。

(下右)坡道。

(Below right) The ramp.

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(Below left) The sunken court under the ramp.

Varied interior space and the greenery beyond the east end of the building, as seen from the east doorway looking east.

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Interior of the church; second floor contains lodging rooms, with space under for communal dining.
The “gate” leading toward the exterior cross and the diagonal wall separating the worship space from the foyer.

建筑临湿地立面(东立面)中段。

The middle part of the wetland-side elevation (east elevation).

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downhill steps at the southwest corner of the building.

建筑东北外观。

Northeast view of the building.

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The main entrance at the south end of the building.

(下左)种植坛好像穿入建筑东面。

( Below left) A planter seems to penetrate the east elevation of the building.

(下右)门厅。

(Below right) Foyer.

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A,B,C

D 购物

E 购物

F 游客中心

G 水资源教育中心

H 特色餐饮

J 草药与中药中心

K 湿地学习中心

Master Plan of Lifestyle Park

A,B,C Mixed-use complex: exhibition, dining, retail

D Retail

E Retail

F Visitor center

G Education center of water resource

H Specialty dining

J Herb and Chinese medicine center

K Wetland study center

基地位置平面

The north side of the project faces Xianhou Street, containing two entrances to the park. The edges of the park along the street are made into stepped planters. People can sit on the low walls near the sidewalk.

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工程西面与里厍路相邻,含两个公园入口。西北角

The west side of the project is next to Lishe Road, including two park entrances. Parents picking up their elementary-school kids can sit on the low walls at the northwest corner of the park.

工程南面面向小区内部。居委会、社区活动室及自 行车库的入口罗列在建筑右部。

South side of the project faces the interior of the estate. The doors to the residents committee, community room, and bicycle parking are at the right part of the building.

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从大楼梯望建筑北立面西段。混凝土墙后是二层广 场及浅水池。木墙面的公共厕所嵌套在架空的一层 空间中。

From the grand stair looking toward the west part of the north elevation. Behind the concrete wall are the second-floor plaza and the pool. Nested inside the first floor are wood-sided public bathrooms.

建筑西北面外观,水边是游艇码头。

Northwest view of the building; along the waterfront are boat piers.

图书在版编目(CIP)数据

建筑与园林的对话 : 缪朴建筑设计作品集 : 汉、英/ 缪朴著. -- 上海 : 同济大学出版社, 2021.8

ISBN 978-7-5608-9316-7

Ⅰ. ①建… Ⅱ. ①缪… Ⅲ. ①建筑设计-作品集-中 国-现代 Ⅳ. ①TU206

中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字(2020)第107479号

建筑与园林的对话

缪朴建筑设计作品集

缪朴 著

出 品 人:华春荣

责任编辑:晁 艳

特约编辑:杨碧琼 万月瑶

平面设计:张 微

责任校对:徐春莲

版 次:2021年8月第1版

印 次:2021年8月第1次印刷

印 刷:上海雅昌艺术印刷有限公司

开 本:889mm×1194mm 1/12

印 张:18

字 数:454 000

书 号:ISBN 978-7-5608-9316-7

定 价:198.00 元

出版发行:同济大学出版社

地 址:上海市四平路1239号

邮政编码:200092

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ADialoguebetweenArchitectureandLandscape PuMiao’sArchitecturalDesign by: Pu Miao

ISBN 978-7-5608-9316-7

Publisher: Hua Chunrong

Editors: Chao Yan, Yang Biqiong, Wan Yueyao

Graphic Designer: Zhang Wei

Proofreader: Xu Chunlian

Published in August 2021, by Tongji University Press, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, China, 200092. www.tongjipress.com.cn

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