Journal of Maimonidean Studies
https://www.academicstudiespress.com/journals/journal-of-maimonidean-studies/
Author Guide
The following style sheet covers the majority of editorial policies to which the Journal of Maimonidean Studies (JMS) adheres in its annual publication. Please take care to adhere to this guide before submitting your manuscript. JMS reserves the right to return a manuscript to the author for revision should it not follow the guide. If you have a question not covered in the guide, please be in contact with JMS as soon as possible to discuss your case. Queries should be sent to jms@academicstudiespress.com.
Chicago Manual of Style
1. JMS follows the most recent edition of the Chicago Manual of Style
2. Please consult the Chicago Manual for any specific questions (in most cases, you should have free access to the online Chicago Manual through your library). Examples of frequently needed information are summarized in the relevant sections below.
Formatting
1. All notes must be in footnotes.
2. Notes should use Arabic numerals only.
3. Use MS Word’s “insert footnote” function to insert all footnotes. Do not use MS Word’s “insert citation” or “manage sources” functions.
4. All text should be set to Times New Roman font, 12 point.
5. The first line of a paragraph should be indented to the .5-inch mark. Indent using the ruler at the top of the page, rather than tab or space.
6. Do not include an extra line or space between paragraphs.
7. The entire manuscript should be double-spaced (line spacing).
8. Block quotations should be indented evenly that is, the entire quote is indented to the .5-inch mark using the ruler, rather than only the first line. There should be a blank line before and after the block quotation.
Headings
1. Article heading: Times New Roman 14 point, capitalized, centered (not bolded)
2. Section headings: Times New Roman 12 point, italicized, centered (not capitalized, not bolded)
3. Subsection headings: Times New Roman 12 point, Arabic numerals, left (not bolded, not italicized, not capitalized)
Punctuation
1. Use double-quote marks (“ ”) to indicate a run-in quotation. For a quotation within the quotation, use single quote marks (‘ ’).
2. Punctuate quotes in the American style. Any period or comma that is part of the quote or immediately follows the quote is placed within the quotation marks. Any other punctuation mark that is not part of the quote is placed outside of the quotation marks.
3. Abbreviated titles are punctuated in the American style with a period following the abbreviated titles. For example: Mr., Ms., Dr., Prof.
4. For ellipses, use the three-dot method as discussed in the Chicago Manual of Style (13.48 and 13.51 of the Chicago Manual).
5. Parentheses should be made in the standard manner: ( ). For parentheses within parentheses, use square brackets: [ ].
6. Square brackets [ ] are also used within a quote to indicate that the words or punctuation within the brackets belong to the author, rather than to the originator of the quote.
7. The em-dash ( ) should be used to connect two related phrases. It is formed by placing two dashes immediately after the first phrase, without a space in between, and then immediately typing the first word of the second phrase, again with no space in between like this! The two dashes will automatically become one long dash.
8. The en-dash (–) should be used between numbers, dates, or years to signify “up to and including,” as in “1–2.” The en-dash cannot be autogenerated with the keyboard but must be accessed as a symbol.
9. The hyphen (-) should be used to make a compound word, as in “twelfth-century Cairo.”
Transliteration
1. Hebrew transliteration: Hebrew names, titles, and terms should be transliterated in accordance with Encyclopaedia Judaica ‘general’ (not ‘scientific’), with the following exceptions:
a. Use of diacritics
i. Use real diacritics (i.e. symbols: ʿ and ʾ; not apostrophes: ‘ and ’).
ii. Mark ע with a ʿ.
iii. Distinguish alef from ʿayin in the middle of word, but no diacritical is used for aleph at beginning of word. Exceptions due to standard spelling, e.g. Meiri.
b. Sheva naʿ transliterated as ‘e’ (i.e. peshuto, not pshuto; toledot, not toldot; Ẓarefat, not Ẓarfat), unless in case of common spelling, e.g. Bnei Brak, rather than Benei Berak
c. Doubling for dagesh: i.e. hassagah, megillah, sukkah, Rabbah
d. Tserei: when spelled in Hebrew as a vowel not followed by a י, it is represented by ‘e’; when it is spelled י, whether in the middle or at the end of a word, it is represented by ‘ei’ (i.e. beit sefer or batei sefer).
e. Transliteration of צ
i. Generally, per EJ, ‘ẓ’
ii. Exceptions for common words, i.e. tzitzit instead of ẓiẓit
f. Generally k used for כ and ק, except for common spellings, e.g. Falaquera, Paquda.
g. Final ה represented by ‘h’: e.g. yeshivah, aggadah, Genizah
h. Lowercase for most official terms: rabbis, rabbinic, talmudic, tannaitic, etc.
2. Arabic transliteration: Arabic names, titles, and terms should be transliterated in accordance with the Encyclopaedia of Islam 3rd Edition, system.
3. Judeo-Arabic transliteration: All Arabic terms should follow D.2; all Hebrew terms should follow D.1.
4. Aramaic transliteration: Follow the guide for Hebrew transliteration.
5. Exceptions to these transliteration guides are warranted as follows:
a. When the variant spelling occurs in a quotation of another work.
b. When there is a common spelling that does not conform to the above (e.g. bar mitzvah) In case of uncertainty, contact jms@academicstudiespress.com
Quotations
1. Run-in Quotations: Run-in quotations are quotations embedded with the text in a regular paragraph. This format is used for short quotations of no more than four lines long. When poetry is quoted in this format, divide the lines with a slash mark ( / ), with one space before and one space after the slash.
2. Block Quotations: Block quotations are placed in their own paragraph, with all lines of them indented. There should be a one-line space before a block quote and another one after. This format is used for longer or multi-paragraph quotations.
Biblical/Scriptural Citations
1. The titles and abbreviation of biblical books should follow the Encyclopaedia Judaica system.
2. The full title should be cited in the body of the text. Abbreviations (e.g. Gen.) should be made for titles cited in in-line parentheses and in notes.
3. Biblical chapter and verse should be noted by means of a colon (e.g. Gen. 1:1).
4. If the author uses a published translation (of the Bible, New Testament, or Quran), it should be clearly acknowledged.
5. Translations by the author are always acceptable, although they must be consistent and must identify that they are translated by the author.
Rabbinic Citations
1. Examples: mBer; tBer; yBer; bBer
2. Full spelling of tractate in body of text; shorthand for in-line parentheses and footnotes
3. Classical titles: not italicized (e.g. Sanhedrin)
4. Post-classical rabbinic sources: italicized (e.g. Mishneh Torah)
5. Chapter and section should be noted by means of a colon (e.g. mBer 1:1; Mishneh Torah, Hilkhot Berakhot 1:1)
6. If the author uses a published translation of a rabbinic source, it should be clearly acknowledged.
7. Translations by the author are always acceptable, although they must be consistent and must identify that they are translated by the author.
Part/Volume, Page, Note
1. Example: II:50 (for vol. 2, p. 50)
2. Example: 50n1 (nn for multiple consecutive notes)
Hebrew and Arabic Titles
1. Transliterate titles of works. Do not translate titles and add [In Hebrew] or [In Arabic]. This remains the case even when the volume provides an English title in the back.
2. Every word of Hebrew and Arabic titles should be capitalized with the exception of prepositions (i.e. be- in Hebrew; fī in Arabic; or ha- in Hebrew, al- in Arabic), except when they are the first word in a title or subtitle.
Foreign Names and Terms
1. Use italics for all foreign words (i.e. midrashim or ipsissima verba), unless they are common English words (e.g. bar mitzvah)
2. Use lower case for all foreign words, except when standard, e.g. Torah, Quran.
3. Quran (and Quranic) may be treated as common English terms and should be spelled in this manner, except when transliterating an original Arabic source.
4. Use hyphenation for article/prefixes and capitalization for titles: e.g. ha-Talmud; ha-davar; veha-davar.
5. ‘Ibn’ is capitalized when standing alone (e.g. Ibn Ezra), but not capitalized when preceded by the first name (e.g. Abraham ibn Ezra). Ibn/ibn should be spelled as such instead of using b. the shorthand.
Primary Source Citation
1. Citations of classic primary sources should be to the book and the section and/or subunit/paragraph, as appropriate, but not to the edition and page, except when it is important to call attention to a specific edition. For example, references to Maimonides’ code should be as follows: Mishneh Torah, Hilkhot Yesodei ha-Torah 1:1.
2. When the conventional pagination is regularly used in references e.g. bBer 2a or Zohar, 1a the pagination should be used, without reference to a published edition, except (as above) when it is important to call attention to a specific edition.
3. Non-classic primary sources should be cited like a regular edited volume (see examples below).
Manuscript Citation
1. [Title], [Collection or Library name], [City (?)], [Shelfmark or Codex Number], [Folio/page], [line number acceptable].
2. Example: Al-Ghazālī, Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-dīn, Istanbul, Süleymaniye Library, MS Ayasofya 1234, fol. 22b.
Genizah Citation (selected examples)
1. Cambridge University Library (CUL)
a. Cambridge University Library, T-S AS 139.1 (or: CUL T-S AS 139.1)
b. Cambridge University Library, Or.1080
c. Cambridge University Library, Add.4320d
d. Mosseri Collection at Cambridge University Library Mosseri, VII.202.2 (or: Mos. VII.202.2)
e. Bodleian Libraries and Cambridge University Library Lewis-Gibson, Arabic 1.147 (or L-G Arabic 1.147)
2. Russian National Library (RNL): National Library of Russia, MS Firk. EVR I B 19a (or: RNL MS Firk. EVR I B 19a)
3. Jewish Theological Seminary (JTS): New York, Jewish Theological Seminary, ENA 3944 (or: JTS ENA 3944)
Permissions
1. Permissions are to be acquired by the author. JMS can provide documentation required for permissions, if necessary. If you need to quote extensively from other works or wish to include other copyrighted material, you should seek permission (in writing) from the copyright holder. In most cases this will be the publisher of the original work; the author or originator of the
original material must also grant permission. Authors are responsible for taking care of any reproduction fees.
2. Permission should be requested for reproduction of any of the following:
a. Extensive quotations of text; when in doubt as to how to define extensive, ask for permission;
b. Any photographic reproduction;
c. Any illustration (drawing, table, map) whether redrawn or not.
3. In your letter to the original publisher’s Rights and Permissions Department the following information should be provided:
a. The nature of your work (i.e. a scholarly article in an academic journal);
b. The title of your work;
c. The title of the journal;
d. The publisher: Academic Studies Press;
e. ‘World rights’;
f. Exact references to the original publication;
g. Approximate number of words you wish to quote;
h. Ask for the exact form of acknowledgement required.
Images
1. Line drawings (e.g. diagrams, maps) should be supplied on clear white paper, with lines and/or hatchings drawn in black ink. Never use a pencil or colored ink.
2. Photographs can be submitted as electronic files, slides or glossy prints. All photographs should be clearly cross-referenced to the List of Illustrations (see below) by a number written on each slide frame, or a number written on the back of each print. Indicate horizontal or vertical orientation, and when necessary, crops, enlargement of details, etc. Info should be indicated on a photocopy accompanying the original.
3. When supplied as electronic files, line drawings should have a minimum resolution of 1200 dpi [dots per inch]. Photographs should have a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. The file format should be .TIF(F), .JPG or .EPS; a printout should always be supplied.
4. Include a list of captions to illustrations, diagrams, maps etc. Numbers should indicate clearly to which photograph each caption belongs. Credit lines and permissions should be included in the captions.
Titles
1. Personal titles, such as rabbi, doctor, king, etc. should be capitalized only when referring to a specific person, such as Rabbi X, Sultan X, etc.
2. When used as a general term, such as “the Fatimid caliphs,” “Egyptian rabbis,” these titles should be in lower case.
Notes and Bibliography: Sample Citations
(Modified from the Chicago Manual of Style Quick Guide)
The following examples illustrate citations using the notes and bibliography system. Examples of notes are followed by shortened versions of citations to the same source. For more details and many more examples, see chapter 14 of The Chicago Manual of Style.
Notes
1. All references should follow the Chicago Manual of Style’s “Notes and Bibliography” documentation system. Some examples are provided in following pages of the present document (see “Notes and Bibliography: Sample Citations” below).
2. Ibid.: This term is capitalized at the beginning of a sentence and not capitalized within a sentence. It is always followed by a period. A comma may follow the period.
3. Ed. and Trans.: If the editor or translator’s name is used as the author name in the reference, ed. or trans. follows the name. If there are multiple editors or translators, a plural is used. If there is a different author name, the author’s name is followed by the title, and the title is followed by “ed.” and the editor’s name. No plural is used even if there are multiple editors or translators.
a. Editor Name, ed., Book Title (City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication).
b. Editor One and Editor Two, eds., Book Title (City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication).
c. Author Name, Book Title, ed. and trans. So-and-So (City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication).
Book
One author
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. Michael Pollan, The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals (New York: Penguin, 2006), 99–100.
2. Pollan, Omnivore’s Dilemma, 3.
Sample Bibliography Entry:
Pollan, Michael. The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals. New York: Penguin, 2006.
Two or more authors
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. Geoffrey C. Ward and Ken Burns, The War: An Intimate History, 1941–1945 (New
York: Knopf, 2007), 52.
2. Ward and Burns, War, 59–61.
Sample Bibliography Entry:
Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. The War: An Intimate History, 1941–1945. New York: Knopf, 2007.
For four or more authors, list all of the authors in the bibliography; in the note, list only the first author, followed by et al. (“and others”):
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. Dana Barnes et al., Plastics: Essays on American Corporate Ascendance in the 1960s . . .
2. Barnes et al., Plastics
Editor, translator, or compiler instead of author
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. Richmond Lattimore, trans., The Iliad of Homer (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951), 91–92.
2. Lattimore, Iliad, 24.
Sample Bibliography Entry: Lattimore, Richmond, trans. The Iliad of Homer. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951.
Editor, translator, or compiler in addition to author
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. Gabriel García Márquez, Love in the Time of Cholera, trans. Edith Grossman (London: Cape, 1988), 242–255.
2. García Márquez, Cholera, 33.
Sample Bibliography Entry:
García Márquez, Gabriel. Love in the Time of Cholera. Translated by Edith Grossman. London: Cape, 1988.
Chapter or other part of a book
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. John D. Kelly, “Seeing Red: Mao Fetishism, Pax Americana, and the Moral Economy of War,” in Anthropology and Global Counterinsurgency, ed. John D. Kelly et al. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010), 77.
2. Kelly, “Seeing Red,” 81–82.
Sample Bibliography Entry:
Kelly, John D. “Seeing Red: Mao Fetishism, Pax Americana, and the Moral Economy of War.” In Anthropology and Global Counterinsurgency, edited by John D. Kelly, Beatrice Jauregui, Sean T. Mitchell, and Jeremy Walton, 67–83. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.
Chapter of an edited volume originally published elsewhere (as in primary sources)
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. Quintus Tullius Cicero, “Handbook on Canvassing for the Consulship,” in Rome: Late Republic and Principate, ed. Walter Emil Kaegi Jr. and Peter White, vol. 2 of University of Chicago Readings in Western Civilization, ed. John Boyer and Julius Kirshner (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986), 35.
2. Cicero, “Canvassing for the Consulship,” 35.
Sample Bibliography Entry:
Cicero, Quintus Tullius. “Handbook on Canvassing for the Consulship.” In Rome: Late Republic and Principate, edited by Walter Emil Kaegi Jr. and Peter White. Vol. 2 of University of Chicago Readings in Western Civilization, edited by John Boyer and Julius Kirshner, 33–46. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986. Originally published in Evelyn S. Shuckburgh, trans., The Letters of Cicero, vol. 1 (London: George Bell & Sons, 1908).
Preface, foreword, introduction, or similar part of a book
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. James Rieger, introduction to Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982), xx–xxi.
2. Rieger, introduction, xxxiii.
Sample Bibliography Entry:
Rieger, James. Introduction to Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, xi–xxxvii. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.
Book published electronically
If a book is available in more than one format, cite the version you consulted. For books consulted online, list a URL; include an access date only if one is required by your publisher or discipline. If no fixed page numbers are available, you can include a section title or a chapter or other number.
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice (New York: Penguin Classics, 2007), Kindle edition.
2. Philip B. Kurland and Ralph Lerner, eds., The Founders’ Constitution (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987), accessed February 28, 2010, http://presspubs.uchicago.edu/founders/.
3. Austen, Pride and Prejudice
4. Kurland and Lerner, Founder’s Constitution, chap. 10, doc. 19.
Sample Bibliography Entries:
Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. New York: Penguin Classics, 2007. Kindle edition. Kurland, Philip B., and Ralph Lerner, eds. The Founders’ Constitution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987. Accessed February 28, 2010. http://presspubs.uchicago.edu/founders/.
Journal article
Article in a print journal
In a note, list the specific page numbers consulted, if any. In the bibliography, list the page range for the whole article.
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. Joshua I. Weinstein, “The Market in Plato’s Republic,” Classical Philology 104, no. 2 (2009): 440.
2. Weinstein, “Plato’s Republic,” 452–453.
Sample Bibliography Entry:
Weinstein, Joshua I. “The Market in Plato’s Republic.” Classical Philology 104, no. 2 (2009): 439–458.
Article in an online journal
Include a DOI (Digital Object Identifier) if the journal lists one. A DOI is a permanent ID that, when appended to http://dx.doi.org/ in the address bar of an Internet browser, will lead to the source. If no DOI is available, list a URL. Include an access date only if one is required by your publisher or discipline.
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. Gueorgi Kossinets and Duncan J. Watts, “Origins of Homophily in an Evolving Social Network,” American Journal of Sociology 115 (2009): 411, accessed February 28, 2010, doi:10.1086/599247.
2. Kossinets and Watts, “Origins of Homophily,” 439.
Sample Bibliography Entry:
Kossinets, Gueorgi, and Duncan J. Watts. “Origins of Homophily in an Evolving Social Network.” American Journal of Sociology 115 (2009): 405–450. Accessed February 28, 2010. doi:10.1086/599247.
Article in a newspaper or popular magazine
Newspaper and magazine articles may be cited in running text (“As Sheryl Stolberg and Robert Pear noted in a New York Times article on February 27, 2010, . . .”) instead of in a note, and they are commonly omitted from a bibliography. The following examples show the more formal versions of the citations. If you consulted the article online, include a URL; include an access date only if your publisher or discipline requires one. If no author is identified, begin the citation with the article title.
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. Daniel Mendelsohn, “But Enough about Me,” New Yorker, January 25, 2010, 68.
2. Sheryl Gay Stolberg and Robert Pear, “Wary Centrists Posing Challenge in Health Care Vote,” New York Times, February 27, 2010, accessed February 28, 2010, http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/28/us/politics/28health.html.
3. Mendelsohn, “But Enough about Me,” 69.
4. Stolberg and Pear, “Wary Centrists.”
Sample Bibliography Entries:
Mendelsohn, Daniel. “But Enough about Me.” New Yorker, January 25, 2010. Stolberg, Sheryl Gay, and Robert Pear. “Wary Centrists Posing Challenge in Health Care Vote.” New York Times, February 27, 2010. Accessed February 28, 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/28/us/politics/28health.html.
Book review
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. David Kamp, “Deconstructing Dinner,” review of The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals, by Michael Pollan, New York Times, April 23, 2006, Sunday Book Review, http://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/23/books/review/23kamp.html.
2. Kamp, “Deconstructing Dinner.”
Sample Bibliography Entry: Kamp, David. “Deconstructing Dinner.” Review of The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals, by Michael Pollan. New York Times, April 23, 2006, Sunday Book Review. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/23/books/review/23kamp.html.
Thesis or dissertation
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. Mihwa Choi, “Contesting Imaginaires in Death Rituals during the Northern Song Dynasty” (PhD diss., University of Chicago, 2008).
2. Choi, “Contesting Imaginaires.”
Sample Bibliography Entry: Choi, Mihwa. “Contesting Imaginaires in Death Rituals during the Northern Song Dynasty.” PhD diss., University of Chicago, 2008.
Paper presented at a meeting or conference
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. Rachel Adelman, “‘Such Stuff as Dreams Are Made On’: God’s Footstool in the Aramaic Targumim and Midrashic Tradition” (paper presented at the annual meeting for the Society of Biblical Literature, New Orleans, Louisiana, November 21–24, 2009).
2. Adelman, “Such Stuff as Dreams.”
Sample Bibliography Entry: Adelman, Rachel. “‘Such Stuff as Dreams Are Made On’: God’s Footstool in the Aramaic Targumim and Midrashic Tradition.” Paper presented at the annual meeting for the Society of Biblical Literature, New Orleans, Louisiana, November 21–24, 2009.
Website
A citation to website content can often be limited to a mention in the text or in a note (“As of July 19, 2008, the McDonald’s Corporation listed on its website . . .”). If a more formal citation is desired, it may be styled as in the examples below. Because such content is
subject to change, include an access date or, if available, a date that the site was last modified.
Sample footnotes (full and short-form examples):
1. “Google Privacy Policy,” last modified March 11, 2009, http://www.google.com/intl/en/privacypolicy.html.
2. “McDonald’s Happy Meal Toy Safety Facts,” McDonald’s Corporation, accessed July 19, 2008, http://www.mcdonalds.com/corp/about/factsheets.html.
3. “Google Privacy Policy.”
4. “Toy Safety Facts.”
Sample Bibliography Entries:
Google. “Google Privacy Policy.” Last modified March 11, 2009. http://www.google.com/intl/en/privacypolicy.html.
McDonald’s Corporation. “McDonald’s Happy Meal Toy Safety Facts.” Accessed July 19, 2008. http://www.mcdonalds.com/corp/about/factsheets.html.