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Protected Surface of Sonora
Prior to SANPES and decreed in the twentieth century, Sonora had four NPAs, all of them federal: the Bavispe Flora and Fauna Protection Area (APFF), as well as portions of the Tutuaca, Campo Verde, and Islas del Golfo de California APFFs. These NPAs together totaled 392,411.88 hectares.
As part of the implementation of SANPES, between 1993 and 1996, three federal NPAs were decreed: the Biosphere Reserves (BR) El Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar and Alto Golfo de California y Delta del Río Colorado, and the APFF Sierra de Álamos y Río Cuchujaqui; as well as one state NPA: the Zone Subject to Ecological Conservation (ZSCE) Sistema de Presas Abelardo Rodríguez Luján-El Molinito. To date, and after some modifications, the NPAs resulting from the effort to implement SANPES total 1,028,822.15 hectares of conserved land.
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State surface area
In the 21st century this area has increased with the incorporation of a federal NPA, Isla San Pedro Mártir BR; six state NPAs, the ZSCEs Arivechi - Cerro Las Conchas and Estero El Soldado and the State Reserves (RE) El Pinito, San Bernardino, Ojos Calientes and Potrero San Luis, one municipal NPA, the Urban Park (PU) Parque Central de Hermosillo, known locally as Cerro Johnson, 14 Ramsar Sites (RS) and 10 Areas Voluntarily Designated for Conservation (ADVC), which together contribute 504,859. 56 hectares.
Over the years, state decrees and federal certificates have been issued designating areas previously protected totally or partially by other mechanisms, for example, the Agua Dulce Ramsar Site, located entirely within the El Pinacate and Gran Desierto de Altar Biosphere Reserve. Taking this into account, as well as the most recent modifications that reshape the boundaries of Natural Protected Areas, today the protected area within the state is 1,926,127.37 hectares. This is 10.66% of the state's total surface area, just over a third of the 30 x 30 objective.
