Chapter 25: Respiratory Health and Illness Touhy: Ebersole & Hess' Toward Healthy Aging, 9th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The most significant etiology for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is: a. tobacco use. b. chronic bronchitis. c. exposure to carcinogens in the workplace. d. emphysema. ANS: A
Tobacco use or exposure is the most significant etiology for COPD and accounts for 80% to 90% of all cases of COPD. Exposure to certain chemicals in the work environment may be a causative factor of COPD but is not as significant as tobacco. COPD includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 321 TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Adaptation 2. A nurse is organizing a support group for older individuals with COPD in the community. The
nurse knows that which of the following individuals is most likely to have COPD? a. A 75-year-old Hispanic male who is a retired truck driver and never smoked b. A 72-year-old non-Hispanic white female who never worked outside of the home and is a former smoker c. A 67-year-old African American male who is a retired physician d. A 70-year-old Asian woman who is a retired college professor ANS: B
The profile of individuals most likely to have COPD include: persons 65-75 years of age, non-Hispanic whites, women, those who are unemployed, retired or do not work, have less than a high school education, have lower incomes, are current or former smokers, and have a history of asthma. Option B meets all of the criteria listed above. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: p. 321, Box 25-3 TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Adaptation 3. Asthma is often underdiagnosed in older adults because: a. older adults frequently do not have any of the classic signs and symptoms. b. symptoms of asthma are often attributed to normal age-related changes. c. asthma is very uncommon in older adults. d. asthma symptoms are usually very mild in older adults. ANS: B